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HP 61010A User's Manual

1. 5 Programming With BASIC General information You can write a BASIC program to perform read and write operations on your Digital I O Before you attempt this you should familiarize yourself with controlling the instrument manually refer to Chapters 2 and 3 Also you must already know how to write programs in BASIC before you can write your own application program Chapter 5 of the System Owner s Manual contains information about how to develop and run your program Before writing your program you must first use the Soft Front Panel to create a Program Shell as explained in Chapter 4 of the System Owner s Manual You can also use the Soft Front Panel to assign labels to the Digital VO and create one or more State files This chapter describes the statements that can be used in your program to control your Digital I O These statements fall into two categories system and instrument System statements affect other instruments in your system Instrument statements only affect the specified labeled Digital Input or Digital Output If the programming statements in this chapter fail to execute you may have a program error Refer to Chapter 5 in the System Owner s Manual which discusses error handling methods Appendix C of this manual lists the error messages that apply to the Digital I O Programming With BASIC 5 1 i eee How Statements Control the Digital I O 5 2 Programming With BASIC Before usi
2. ee Be ig BUR Se oe RON ee A os ee 3 eS ce RRE RS tal I O igi ent HP 61010A D PC Instrum SOLSA us ene oes BO S s Guide Owner Safety Summary Eee The following safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design manufacture and intended use of the instrument Hewlett Packard assumes no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements Ground the To avoid potentially hazardous electrical shock establish a Instrument safety ground before connecting user s circuits Connect the output cable from the Power Pack to the Digital 1 0 and then connect the line cord from the Power Pack to the ac line Detailed instructions are in the HP PC Instruments System Owner s Manual Do Not Exceed Excessive input voltage and current will damage this Voltage Ratings instrument Do not exceed 10 V maximum per input bit Prevent Shorted To prevent shorted connections when assembling your Connections input and output connectors do not strip wires back more than 0 15 in 4 mm Only use AWG 20 0 5 mm wire gauge Only use the form and type of connector originally supplied with the equipment Safety Symbols A L CAUTION Instruction manual symbol the product will be marked with this s
3. 2 1 If you have many instruments connected to the interface use the RO softkey to view them all When you select a label from the list the ACTIVE indicator on the front of the Digital I O that is associated with that label lights up INTERACTIVE INSTRUMENT WINDOW FIRST INSTRUMENT IN SYSTEM VIEW LIST APPEARS HERE ez IR wi see Rean EAE se ee i fF arbi eae etre A aren dt Pate re pan retin rr SYSTEM VIEW WINDOW Figure 2 1 Select Digital Output 22 Trying Out Your Instrument As shown in Figure 2 1 your Digital I O places two labels in the System View Window list one for the Digital Input and one for the Digital Output DIG OUT 01 is the factory default label for the Digital Output The letter D after the label indicates that the output is disabled at this time The present output value is displayed in the line directly below the label in the System View Window This value can be displayed in decimal DEC octal OCT or hexadecimal HEX format Binary values are displayed in octal format If you have more than one Digital I O connected to your interface each additional Digital Output will be assigned a sequentially numbered default label i e DIG OUT 02 DIG OUT 03 etc Trying Out Your instrument 2 3 Step 2 Once you select DIG OUT 01 the DIG OUT 01 information in the System View Window disappears and a front panel representation of the Digital Output appears in the Interactive Instrument
4. 2 56 1020 CALL SET THRESHOLD DIG IN O1 LEVEL This example sets the voltage threshold level of DIG IN 01 to 2 56 V SET COMPLEMENT label value applies only to the Digital Input and determines whether decimal values will be represented in 2 s complement or unsigned form The variable value must be specified as either TWOS or UNSIGNED 2 s complement returns integers in the range of 32768 to 32767 Unsigned format returns numbers in the range of 0 to 65535 Example 1010 CALL SET COMPLEMENT DIG IN 01 TWOS This example returns integers in the range of 32768 to 32767 when using a MEASURE statement Programming With BASIC 5 9 MEASURE labei value applies only to the Digital Input returns a reading of the data on the input bits into the variable value The variable value will return decimal values in the range of 32768 to 65535 When 2 s complement is in effect the range is from 32768 to 32767 When the format is unsigned the range is from 0 to 65535 H the number of bits and the start bit specify an input field that is smaller than 16 bits the unspecified bits are ignored by the MEASURE statement When the MEASURE statement is used with the handshake mode disabled the input data register is updated with the current data on the input bits whenever the MEASURE statement is programmed If the handshake is enabled the MEASURE statement will wait until it has received an IDAV signal from the external device bef
5. Because the Digital Input and Digital Output functions are independent of each other you must specify whether you are programming either the Digital Input or the Digital Output by supplying the correct label after each statement This is especially true when programming common features Some programming statements control functions that are specific to either the Digital Input or the Digital Output For example the MEASURE statement programs only the input register to read the data on the input bits The OUTPUT statement loads only the output register with data If the output driver is enabled by an ENABLE OUTPUT statement the output bits are set When the Digital O is operated synchronously the ENABLE HANDSHAKE statement activates the handshake control of either the Digital Input or the Digital Output When the handshake control is enabled the status of the control signals determines when data is either read by a MEASURE statement or sent by an OUTPUT statement The CHECK DONE statement checks the status of the control signals to determine if a handshake is in progress for either the Digital Input or the Digital Output The INITIALIZE statement not shown sets the software functions and hardware registers for the Digital Input or the Digital Output according to a previously assigned State file Programming With BASIC 5 3 TOONE 3 XH mt i i lt s i i O System Programming Statements 4 Programming With BASIC All of
6. Data that appears on the input bits is immediately read into the computer Data transmission is not dependent on any control signals oM Items Supplied In addition to this manual check that you have received the following items with your Digital I O Power Pack an ac power transformer with an attached one metre cable The transformer type was determined by country of destination Chapter 2 of the System Owner s Manual lists the different types and their part numbers Power Cord connects the Power Pack to an ac source Plug type was determined by the country of destination Chapter 2 of the System Owner s Manual lists types and part numbers instrument Interconnect Cable 8120 4631 connects your instruments to the system interface Refer to Chapter 2 of the System Owner s Manual O Terminal Connectors 1252 0928 two connectors one male one female with covers are for application connections to the Digital I O The third male connector is used for verification Update Pages if applicable update pages are included Replace the obsolete pages with the new ones before you use this manual Product Description 1 3 re Optional Accessory Block HP 14802A allows easy screw Hardware termination connections to the Digital I O see Appendix D Tabie 1 1 Specifications User Connections 16 Input data bits 2 Input data control signals 16 Output data bits 2 Output data control si
7. Digital Output in the Interactive Instrument Window The default base for DIG IN O1 is decimal Notice that with the input connector disconnected a 1 appears on the display see Figure 2 7 This is because the Digital Input is reading all 16 input bits as being high due to internal pull up resistors and the fact that the logic sense is positive The 1 is the 2 s complement representation of all 16 input bits being high To illustrate how the Digital Input can format the input data on the display point to and select 2 s in the set compl field The set compl field toggles between 2 s and UNSIGN Dig tne D RTE Stari Front i Control Mede ees NODE RTE A arreman a I Figure 2 7 Change Complement to Unsigned Trying Out Your instrument 2 9 Step 7 The input display changed to 65535 which is the unsigned representation for all 16 input bits being high Now point to and select the F arrow to change the base to BINARY see Figure 2 8 Each time you point to and select the F arrow the top choice in the list rolls down into the center position The choice at the bottom of the list rolls around until it appears at the top of the list again The choice that is currently active stays bright as it rolls around in the list N a ore BEKTI 6Let0e prcrTAL 1 0 Dig 10 81 l 3 T SE ace oid LOGIC SENSE SET copt 7 STATUS Fro
8. ENABLED to operate your instrument synchronously The handshake field toggles between ENABLED and DISABLED Point to and select DISABLED to enable the control signals that allow handshaking with your external equipment RESET when the handshake is enabled the reset field appears on the screen to indicate that the Digital Input is waiting for a handshake sequence to begin The handshake sequence actually begins when the external device sends an Input Data Available IDAV signal to indicate that external data is available When this occurs the reset field no longer appears on the screen Point to and select the reset field when it appears on the screen to discontinue the waiting process if an DAV signalis not received Manual Instrument Control 3 7 3 8 Manual instrument Contro When manual update is in effect the reset field appears on the screen only after you select the start field When auto update is in effect the reset field always appears on the screen This is because even after IDAV is sent or when you select reset to discontinue waiting the Digital Input will now wait for the next IDAV to be sent When the Digital Input appears in the System View Window in manual update mode with the handshake enabled the letter W can appear next to the Digital Input s label This letter appears whenever the Digital Input is waiting for new input data from the external device After the Digital Input receives the new data the
9. TO OUTPUT BIT COM BAY COM BIT 15 IMSB ecoo0oo0oo00 0000 B UB OA wW BW TWE I te Bile A BIT COM OBAC COM ILSE BIT 7 Figure 4 3 Digital HO Connector Pin Assignments viewed from the solder pin side of the connector Single Stage Figure 4 4 shows the output stage of one of the 16 output Output Schematics bits as well as the IDAC and ODAV control signals With the TTL driver enabled the output bits and control signals are compatible with TTL logic levels When the TTL driver is disabled the output bits and control signals are compatible with open collector logic levels Refer to the specifications in Table 1 1 4 4 Front Panel Connections IDAC ODAV OUTPUT BITS 65 e Figure 4 4 Output Data Bits and Output Control Signais When open collector logic levels are required you must provide an external pull up resistor as well as an external supply voltage see Figure 4 5 If your open collector output is connected to a device such as a relay coil you must include a protection diode to prevent damage to the output stage due to voltage overshoot CAUTION External bias voltages are limited to 12 volts OV 12 PULP RESISTOR A PROTECTION LED A DINDE RELAY DIGITAL OUTPUT COI Figure 4 5 External Connections for Open Collector Outputs Sit BIT i af iR DIGITAL QUTPHT Front Panel Connections 4 5 Single Stage LO input Schematics CAUTIO
10. and logic sense fields If you change any of these settings except base the display area on your screen becomes blank This indicates that the way the present input data is displayed is invalid The display area remains blank until the next time input data is read by the Digital Input BASE contains four choices one is hidden that allow you to represent input data on the display area of the Interactive Instrument Window in decimal binary octal or hexadecimal format The current selection is always bright If the desired base is not bright use the arrows at the bottom of the field to move the desired base to the center location When the desired base appears in the center location point to and select it to activate the base The newly selected base will now be bright to indicate that it is the current selection SET COMPL when the decimal base is pointed to and selected the set compl field appears on your screen as shown in Figure 3 1 When you point to and select this field it toggles between 2 s and UNSIGN The field always indicates the complement that is currently active Selecting this field will activate the hidden choice When 2 s complement is active your input data is displayed as positive and negative decimal values on the display area of the screen The left most bit of any specified data field automatically becomes the sign bit Unsigned format displays your input data as positive decimal values only If a base ot
11. bits on the Digital Output into a tri state condition This statement also disables all other output instruments in your system instrument Programming Statements Statements Common to Input and Output As explained in Chapters 2 and 3 the Digital I O is identified by two labels one for each of the primary functions of the instrument In the following statements the label parameter must specify either the Digital Input or the Digital Output The label itself is either the factory default label DIG IN 01 DIG OUT 01 for the first Digital I O in your system or the user defined label that is assigned when the instrument is labeled in Rear Panel Mode All of the examples in this section assume that the Digital Input and Digital Output are initially set with the factory default labels and values There are three kinds of instrument statements that program the Digital I O common statements input specific statements and output specific statements They are described as follows INITIALIZE label statefile same as INITIALIZE SYSTEM except that it set either the Digital Input or the Digital Output to a previously assigned state Although the State file contains information about the other instruments in your system only the information that applies to either the Digital Input or the Digital Output will be retrieved Example 1010 FILE YOURFILE 1020 CALL INITIALIZE DIG IN OL FILES This example initializes only
12. length field your start choices are limited by the length of your field If you specify a length of one bit you have a choice of 16 start bits If you specify a length of 16 bits you only have a choice of one start bit bit 0 This prevents the previously specified length of the data segment from being truncated To illustrate how the size of your output data segment affects the legitimate output values that you can enter into the output field consider the following example Suppose that you specified an output segment with length of 4 bits These four bits can be positioned anywhere within the 16 bit word with the start field Depending on the base the legitimate values that you can enter into the output field are Decimal integer values from 8 to 15 Octal values from 0 to 17 Hexadecimal values from 0 to F Binary values from 0000 to 1111 LOGIC SENSE formats the outgoing data as either positive true logic or negative true logic output bits inverted When you point to and select this field it toggles between POSITIVE and NEGATIVE The field 3 12 Manual Instrument Control always indicates which logic sense is currently active The output control signals are unaffected by this field For example assume that you are going to enter a decimal value of 100 in the output value field If the length of the data segment is 16 with a start bit of 0 a positive logic sense would set output bits 2 5 and 6 high and all ot
13. output ENABLED the output bits that correspond to a decimal value of 100 are set see Figure 2 5 In this case output bits 2 5 and 6 are set high cian same Tia T r OE wm a Puta wat ay H Z DASE i p Pa ii t iv GIC Sse STATIS Front Fane Control Made 3 KEA PRINT SCREEN es Se eee sore Figure 2 5 Output Bits 2 5 and 6 Set High Trying Out Your instrument 2 7 Digital Input Step 5 To try out DIG IN 01 point to and select DIG IN O1 from the labels in the System View Window see Figure 2 6 Dig Sut BL oat sat eens eee ii M H i MO Be en ef BEOOR suas Front Pane Control Mode Ee Z Figure 2 6 Select Digital Input As shown in Figure 2 6 DIG IN 0O1 is the factory default label for the Digital Input The present input value is displayed on the line directly below the label in the System View Window This value can be displayed in decimal DEC octal OCT or hexadecimal HEX format Binary values are displayed in octal format If you have more than one Digital I O connected to your interface each additional Digital Input will be assigned a sequentially numbered default label i e DIG IN 02 DIG IN 03 etc 28 Trying Out Your Instrument Step 6 When you select DIG IN 01 the DIG IN O1 information in the System View window disappears and a front panel representation of the Digital Input replaces the
14. output connectors do not strip wires back more than 0 15 in 4 mm Use only AWG 20 0 5 mm wire guage Only use the form and type of connector originally supplied with the equipment l Figure 4 2 Exploded View of Connector Assembly Solder the wires or cable 1 from your application to the solder pins on the connector 2 Figure 4 3 shows the location of the data bits and control signals on each connector Place the connector inside the cable clamp 3 and route the wires out of the opening at the back of the cable clamp Insert the proper strain relief 4 over the wires and insert the solid plug 5 in the opening on the side of the cable clamp Close the cable clamp and tighten the three cover screws 6 Attach the slide latches 7 to the connector using the hardware 8 that is supplied The lip on the side of the slide latch must overlap the edge of the connector Do not overtighten the screws Front Panel Connections 423 6 Move the slide latches to the open position and insert your connectors in the mating sockets on the front of your instrument see Figure 4 1 7 Push the latches on each side of the connector to the locking position to securely fasten the connectors to the front of the instrument FEMALE CONNECTOR CONNECTS TO INPUT Bit 15 PT8 COM iDAY COM MSB l oO OoOooc0o0o 0000000 415 16 7 gg 19 2 2 2 ok S coM gyn COM DAC LSB MALE CONNECTOR CONNECTS
15. perform the verification you must install this male connector in the INPUT connector socket on the front of your Digital I O The other two connectors are used for your application connections In addition to the connector you must supply two clip leads to make the test connections from the input to the output connector socket What the Test Does When you first run the verification program it does a system level verification that partially tests all the instruments in your system This part of the test checks that the interface and instruments respond to commands issued by the computer This part of the test is described in Appendix B of your System Owner s Manual Verification Procedures B 41 Input Output Data Transfer Programmable Input Threshold B 2 Verification Procedures After your Digital I O passes these preliminary tests it will appear in a menu along with the other instruments in your system This menu is the starting point for the instrument specific verification tests for all of your instruments To continue testing your Digital I O you must select it from this list and press the TEST softkey f7 When you select an instrument from this list the ACTIVE indicator on the front of the instrument lights up Specifically the Digital I O verification checks three different functions of the instrument input output data transfer the programmable input threshold and the handshake control circuits This first t
16. the system programming statements are explained in Chapter 5 of the System Owner s Manual Only three of them apply to the Digital I O INITIALIZE SYSTEM statefile where statefile is a string variable that is equal to a State filename that you assigned when operating from the Soft Front Panel This statement initializes both the Digital Input and Digital Output to the settings contained in the previously created State file All other instruments in your system are also initialized The INITIALIZE SYSTEM statement should be used carefully because it affects all the settings of the Digital F O Whenever it is used in your program it will override the results of any previously issued instrument statements If this statement in not used in your program the Digital I O will be initialized with the factory default settings see Table 1 1 NOTE The Rear Panel information contained in the State file must agree with your present hardware set up Rear Panel mode is described in Chapter 4 of the System Owner s Manual asc I m yerr ENABLE SYSTEM enables the output bits on the Digital Output This statement also enables any other output instruments in the system It is recommended that you select a base set the logic sense number of bits and the start bit before enabling the output This ensures that the output data will be formatted correctly before it is applied or sent to the external device DISABLE SYSTEM disables the output
17. D and output DISABLED The output field must indicate ENABLED for any data to be sent to an external device Whenever the output is ENABLED the data that is currently stored on the internal data registers of the Digital I O is placed on the output bits New data that is entered when the output is disabled will still be stored however it will not appear at the output until the output is enabled When this occurs the ODAVcontrol signal pulses low for approximately 10xs to indicate that the output data has been sent Output DISABLED deactivates all 16 cea aol bits into a tri state condition The S softkeys affect your instrument in the same way as output ENABLED DISABLED 7 Operating your Digital Output synchronously requires that when output data is sent to an external device the Digital Output signals the device that data is available After the external device accepts the data it returns a signal to the Digital Output to indicate it has successfully received the information Two control signals Output Data Available and Output Data Accepted are available at the output connector both of which must be connected to your external equipment refer to Chapter 4 Once the connections are made you are ready to operate your Digital Output synchronously The front panel graphics already discussed i e output value base length start logic sense driver and output finida anarsat tha reach mana aeS oper aie enacny in
18. HAKE DIG IN 01 1020 CALL CHECK DONE DIG IN OL INSTATUS 1030 IF INSTATUS 0 THEN GOTO 1020 1040 CALL MEASURE DIG IN 01 VALUE In this example line 1020 of the program checks the handshake status only of DIG IN O1 Notice that INSTATUS is an example of a variable name that is meaningful within the context of this application Line 1030 checks the value of the variable INSTATUS If INSTATUS 0 it means that no signal has been received from the external device to indicate that input data is available The program will continue looping until the handshake is busy which indicates that new input data is available At that time program execution continues at line 1040 which reads the input data with a MEASURE statement GET STATUS label value same as CHECK DONE except that it can also be used to determine if an input overrun has occurred if the input data was changing faster than the computer could accept it The following table explains the meaning of the values that are returned by the variable value Value Digital Input Digital Output 0 handshake done handshake busy 1 handshake busy handshake done 2 input overrun has occurred 3 input overrun handshake busy SET LOGIC SENSE label polarity applies to either the Digital Input or the Digital Output and lets you determine if the incoming or outgoing data is to be represented as positive true logic or negative true logic The variable polarity must be specifie
19. N Excessive input voltages will damage this instrument Do not exceed 10 V max per input bit Figure 4 6 shows the input stage for one of the 16 input bits and the input stage for the IDAV and ODAC control signals The 16 input bits have a programmable threshold level Chapter 3 describes how to set the threshold level The control signals are compatible with TTL or CMOS logic levels Refer to the specifications in Table 1 1 For best results when using your Digital Input use pin 9 or 22 to make your data common connection Control signal common connections can be made on pins 12 and 25 INPUT DATA BRITS 100x INFUT BITS z 95 VOLTAGE 5K COMPARATOR INPUT CONTROL SIGNALS Figure 4 6 input Data Bits and input Control Signals 4 6 Front Panel Connections Connections for Synchronous Operation Figure 4 7 illustrates the connections that are required to communicate or handshake with an external device during data transfers Note that the Digital I O requires a minimum pulse width of 10us on the ODAC and IDAV signals that must be supplied by the external device Refer to Table 1 1 for further specifications DIGITAL 3 INPUT DATA H PINS 21 14 ara DATA COM PINS 9 eee EXTERNAL GEVICE ee PIN 11 meen o o PIN 24 CONTROL SIGNAL COM PINS 1225 Figure 4 7 Handshake Connections for External Communication Front Pane Connections 4 7
20. O R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 or Ri SET START BIT label bit where bit must be one of the following reserved variables RO R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 or RIS Statements Specific to Input MEASURE label value SET COMPLEMENT label value where value must be one of the following reserved variables TWOS or UNSIGNED SET THRESHOLD label value Programming Statement Summary A 1 Statements Specific to Output DISABLE OUTPUT label ENABLE OUTPUT abel OUTPUT abel value OUTPUT NO WAIT label value SET DRIVER abel value where value must be one of the following reserved variables OC or TTL A 2 Programming Statement Summary B Verification Procedures Introduction Verification procedures for your Digital I O are included with your HP PC Instruments software Instructions on how to load and run these procedures are given in Appendix B of your System Owner s Manual When you run the verification program step by step instructions appear on your computer s display to guide you through each procedure This appendix specifies the required test equipment and briefly describes the tests performed on the Digital VO Equipment Required You must have an installed PC Instruments Interface Card and a PC Instruments Digital 1 O You will also need the third 25 pin male D subminiature connector that was included with your Digital I O connector package for verification To
21. VALUE In this example line 1020 assigns a hexadecimal value of F to the variable value Hexadecimal F corresponds to a decimal value of 15 and a binary value of 1111 In line 1030 the output register is programmed to set output bits 0 through 3 high Note that the driver only activates the output bits if an ENABLE OUTPUT statement has previously been programmed as shown in line 1010 OUTPUT NO WAIT label value same as OUTPUT statement except that it does not wait for a ODAC signa from the external device Program execution continues as soon as the output bits are set This statement can be used in synchronous operation to send new data to the output bits without waiting for the ODAC signal to return see Figure 3 6 Example 1010 CALL ENABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 1020 CALL ENABLE HANDSHAKE DIG OUT 01 1030 VALUE 15 1040 CALL OUTPUT NO WAIT DIG OUT 01 VALUE 12 Programming With BASIC In this example lines 1010 and 1020 enable the output and handshake signals Line 1030 assigns the decimal value of 15 to the variable value In line 1040 output bits 0 through 3 are set high Program execution continues as soon as the output bits are set Sample Programs Digital Input Programs Before you can try out the sample programs given here you must first use the Soft Front Panel to generate a Program Shell Then exit the Soft Front Panel and run PCIBAS Load the Program Shell and type in the lines shown in the example af
22. Window see Figure 2 2 Notice that 0 is the current output value To change this and output a different value first point to and select the output field HENLETT 61 104 DIGITAL 1 CA ian TARI UTP UALUE LOG Bt STATUS Front Panel Control Mode a bea S Figure 2 2 Select the Output Field 2 4 Trying Out Your Instrument Step 3 When the output field is selected the Keyboard Entry Menu softkeys appear on the screen see Figure 2 3 Use the keyboard keys to position the cursor and type in the value 100 If you make a mistake press the Cancel i arid softkey to return to the original value and try again After you have typed in the new value press Reira Figure 2 3 Enter a New Output Value Trying Out Your Instrument 2 5 Step 4 After you press the original softkeys return to the screen see Figure 2 4 Because the output field indicates DISABLED your new entry did not set any output bits on your instrument yet The output must be enabled before any output bits can be set Point to and select DISABLED to enable the output The output field toggles between ENABLED AND DISABLED Tome HEWLETT GL LGH DIGITAL 170 Diy Out 81 ADM rican LOGIC SENSE 4 arnser pr STATUS Front Panel Control Mode Figure 2 4 Enabie the Output 2 6 Trying Out Your Instrument The Result With the
23. bottom of the field to move the desired choice into the center location When a selection appears in the center location it automatically becomes active To prevent errors always specify the length of the field before you specify the start bit If errors do occur a message in the Status Window will identify the type of error that has occurred START contains up to 16 choices 13 are hidden that let you specify the starting location or LSB of your input data segment Because this field works in conjunction with the length field your start choices are limited by the length of your field If you specify a length of one bit you have a choice of 16 start bits If you specify a length of 16 bits you only have a choice of one start bit bit 0 This prevents the previously specified length of the data segment from being truncated The following illustration shows you which input bits are read when a length of 4 and a start bit of 8 is specified This example shows how the length corresponds to the number of bits to the left of and including the start bit Note that the start bit cannot be a number greater than 12 otherwise the length of the data field would be truncated Unspecified input bits will not be read XX XX XXXX XXXXXXXX bit 15 bit 0 THRESHOLD is a voltage level that defines the crossover point or dividing line between two logic states The default threshold voltage level is 1 36 V How the Digital Input interprets th
24. d as either POSITIVE or NEGATIVE These are the only valid entries The default polarity is positive Example 1010 CALL SET LOGIC SENSE DIG OUT 01 NEGATIVE This example sets the outputs of DIG OUT 01 to negative true logic Programming With BASIC 5 7 5 8 Programming With BASIC SET NUM BITS abel bits lets you specify the number of bits that will be used for data transactions on either the Digital Input or the Digital Output The number of bits used are counted from the LSB start bit and proceed to the MSB If the start bit is not specified see SET START BIT the software will default to bit 0 as the start bit The variable bits is a variable that must be set to one of the following reserved variable names R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 or R16 These variable names let you specify any number of bits from 1 to 16 For the Digital Output unspecified output bits will be set low if the logic sense is positive or high if the logic sense is negative Example 1010 CALL SET NUM BITS DIG OUT 01 R8 This example specifies eight output bits Because a SET START BIT statement has not been programmed the start bit of this data byte is bit 0 Therefore output bits 0 through 7 are specified SET START BIT label bit lets you specify the start bit LSB of the data field that you specified by the SET NUM BITS statement on either the Digital Input or the Digital Output To prevent programmin
25. dition the output bits of only the specified Digital Output Example 1010 CALL DISABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 This example disables the output bits of DIG OUT O1 OUTPUT abel value applies only to the Digital Output and programs the output register with the information contained in the variable value The variable value must be a single precision variable It can only contain numbers in the following ranges Decimal numbers from 32768 to 65535 Hex numbers from 0 to FFFF preceeded by amp H Octal numbers from 0 to 177777 preceeded by amp These ranges only apply when all 16 bits are programmed and the start bit is 0 Programming With BASIC 5 114 These numbers correspond to a binary range represented by the 16 output bits being programmed from all bits low Oe a to all bits high The ENABLE OUTPUT statement must be a es in effect for the output register to set the output bits Dak according to the data programmed by the OUTPUT statement If the handshake is disabled when the OUTPUT statement is programmed the ODAV control signal strobes low for 10us to indicate when the output bits are set When the handshake is enabled The OUTPUT statement will set the output bits but will wait for a ODAC signal from the external device before allowing the program to continue to the next instruction see Figure 3 6 Example 1010 CALL ENABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT O1 1020 VALUE amp HF 1030 CALL OUTPUT DIG OUT 01
26. e SAME W ray i IM SYMCHTONOUS MOGe as they do in asynchronous mode The only additional fields that are used when operating your instrument synchronously are the handshake and reset fields see Figure 3 5 HANDSHAKE must be ENABLED to operate your instrument synchronously The Handshake field toggles between ENABLED and DISABLED Point to and select DISABLED to enable the control signals that allow handshaking with your external equipment Manual instrument Control se LENGTH ae ce START zee wid BIS s 2 BIL AS STATUS Front Panel Control Mode Figure 3 5 Handshake Enabled RESET when the handshake is enabled the reset field appears on the screen only after a handshake sequence has begun To start the handshake sequence you must enable the output enter a value in the output field and press The reset field will now appear on the screen to indicate that the Digital Output is waiting for the external device to accept the data that has been sent When the external device responds with an Output Data Accepted ODAC signal the reset Held no longer appears on the screen Point to and select the reset field when it _ appears on the screen to clear the handshake if an ODAC signal is not received You must also clear the handshake before you enter any new data in the output value field Figure 3 6 shows the timing relationship between the Output Data Available ODAV signal from the Digital Output and the Output Da
27. e logic states depends upon the setting of the logic sense When the logic sense is positive voltages above the threshold level will be interpreted as a logic high voltages below the threshold level will be interpreted as a logic low When the logic sense is negative voltages above the threshold level will be interpreted as a logic Jow voltages below the threshold level will be interpreted as a logic high To change the threshold point to and select the threshold voltage field There are two ways you can change the threshold You can select the New Value softkey from the keyboard and enter a new value or you can modify the existing value by using the keyboard softkeys that correspond with the ones shown on your screen Both methods are explained in Chapter 4 of the System Owner s Manual Valid entries are voltages in the range of 10 24 V to 10 16 V with a resolution of 0 08 V Manual Instrument Control 3 5 Synchronous Operation 36 Manual Instrument Control UPDATE determines the moment when the input data is read by the Digital Input When AUTO is selected the input data bits are continuously monitored and the display area in the Interactive Instrument Window is updated accordingly When MANUAL is selected a START field immediately appears under the MANUAL field see Figure 3 2 Data is read into the Digital Input only when the START field is selected When the Digital Input appears in the S
28. ections Connect the output cable from the Power Pack to the Digital I O and then connect the line cord from the Power Pack to the ac line refer to Chapter 2 of the System Owner s Manual SEU Application All application i e field wire connections to the Digital Connections VO are made on connectors that plug into the front of your instrument Three connectors are supplied with each instrument Use the female connector for all input application connections Use one of the male connectors for all output application connections The extra male connector is used in the verification procedures discussed in Appendix B The two connectors one male one female that are used for application connections come equipped with all of the necessary hardware required to assemble them except the Front Panel Connections 4 1 Assembling the Connector 4 2 Front Panel Connections wires solder and tools which you must provide Figure 4 1 shows how an assembled connector is installed on the front of the Digital VO NOTE An optional Terminal Block HP 14802A is available that allows you to connect wires to the Digital 1 O using the screw terminals it provides see Appendix D CUSTOMER SUPPLIED WIRES Figure 4 1 Application Connections Refer to Figure 4 2 and assemble the connectors that are shipped with your instrument as toliows CAUTION To prevent shorted connections when assembling your input and
29. el DIG OUT 01 DIG OUT 02 for 2nd instrument Output value 0 Base decimal Logic sense positive Length of bits 16 Start bit 0 Driver TTL Handshake disabled Output disabled 2 Trying Out Your Instrument introduction The following step by step procedure allows you to perform some simple instrument operations This procedure is especially suitable for first time users who want to quickly become familiar with the basic operation of the Digital I O Chapter 3 contains additional operating information that you can use once you have learned the basics in this chapter The Procedure Trying out your instrument consists of pointing to and selecting various interactive fields on the Soft Front Panel Before you try out your Digital I O you should have connected it to the interface applied power loaded the operating system renamed or erased HPSTATE HPC to return the instrument to its factory default settings and run PANELS as explained in Chapters 2 and 3 of your System Owner s Manual If the output of your instrument is connected to an application be aware that following these instructions will set output bits 2 5 and 6 high You may want to disconnect your output connector Trying Out Your instrument 2 1 Digital Output Step 1 If DIG OUT 01 is not already in the Interactive Instrument Window point to and select DIG OUDT 01 from the labels listed in the System View Window see Figure pre
30. est allows you to check each of the 16 output and input bits of the instrument one at a time Each output bit is used to check the corresponding input bit i e output bit 0 checks input bit 0 etc The computer s screen displays the necessary test connections that you must make When you have connected the specified input and output bits together with a clip lead logic high and then logic low are programmed to the Digital Output and read by the Digital Input If the proper values are read by the Digital Input the test passes If there is a problem with either an input or an output bit the test will fail The input threshold which is actually a reference voltage is programmable for the Digital Input To verify that this function is operating correctly you must connect any one of the 16 input bits to any one of the 16 output bits The program sets all the output bits to logic low then reads all the input bits The reference voltage is ramped from 1 V to 1 V to verify that the connected input bit reads a logic high when the reference voltage is greater than the input voltage the logic low supplied by the output bit Next the 16 output bits are programmed to a logic high and the reference voltage is ramped from 4 V to 5 5 V to see at which voltage level the Digital Input properly reads a logic low Handshake Control Circuits If either of these two checks fail then the test fails However the test can also fail if the selec
31. g errors you should always program the SET NUM BITS statement before you program the SET START BIT statement The SET START BIT statement can only be programmed if the number of bits of the specified data field is less than the default value of 16 bits The variable bit is a variable that must be set to one on the following reserved variable names RO R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R19 R11 R12 R13 R14 or R15 These variable names let you specify any start bit from bit 0 to bit 15 Example 1010 CALL SET NUM BITS DIG OUT 01 R8 1020 CALL SET START BITDIG OUT 01 R8 Statements Specific to Input This example specifies bit 8 as the start bit of a data byte that consists of output bits 8 through 15 Line 1010 first specifies a total of eight output bits line 1020 specifies the start bit NOTE If you specify a start bit that truncates the length of the field previously specified by the SET NUM BITS statement an error will occur see Appendix C and the operation will be ignored SET THRESHOL D label vaiue applies only to the Digital Input and sets a voltage threshold level for the incoming data on the Digital Input Voltages above the threshold level are read as a logic high Voltages below the threshold level are read as a logic low The variable value is a single precision variable that can be set to any voltage from 10 24 to 10 16 volts with a resolution of 0 08 volts Example 1010 LEVEL
32. ge of 32768 to 32767 are returned 1040 CALL MEASURE DIG IN 01 ABCD 1050 PRINT ABCD These statements program the Digital Input to take a reading of the input bits The result is stored in the variable ABCD which is then printed out 1060 STOP Example 2 program shell 1010 LEVEL 1 36 1020 CALL SET THRESHOLD DIG IN 0O1 LEVEL 1030 CALL SET COMPLEMENT DIG IN O1 TWOS 1040 CALL ENABLE HANDSHAKE DIG IN O1 These statements set the Digital Input s threshold specify 2 s complement data format and enable the handshake mode 1050 FOR I 1 to 10 1060 CALL CHECK DONE DIG IN O1 INSTATUS 1070 IF INSTATUS 9 THEN GOTO 1060 These statements start a FOR NEXT loop that first checks the handshake status to see if the IDAV signal has been sent by the external device 1080 CALL MEASURE DIG IN 01 ABCD 1090 PRINT ABCD 1100 NEXT I When the signal is received the input bits are read by the Digital Input and the loop repeats for the next reading of the input bits 1110 STOP Example 2 will execute faster without the CHECK DONE routine used in lines 1060 and 1070 However if the external device does not send the IDAV signal the MEASURE statement will wait for it to arrive before reading any data from the input register If the IDAV signal never arrives it will be necessary for you to reset the computer to continue Programming with BASIC 5 15 Digital Output _ Programs 516 Programming with BASIC The example program
33. gnals Input Data Characteristics Input voltage range 10 V max Input impedance 100 k with internal pull up resistor to 5 V Logic threshold programmable to 10 V Resolution 80 mV Accuracy 160 mV Output Data Characteristics TTL mode Vol 0 4 V max lol 16 mA max Voh 2 4 V min loh 4 mA max Open coliector mode ol 0 4 V max lol 16 mA max Vol 0 7 V max lol 40 mA max Voh 12 V max with customer supplied external pull up resistor to external supply 1 4 Product Description Table 1 1 Specifications continued Control Signal Characteristics ODAV IDAC Same as output data bit ODAC IDAV Vil 0 0 V to 0 4 V Vih 2 4 V to 5 0 V with internal 10 k Q pull up resistor to 5 V Minimum pulse width 10gs Rise and fall time lt ius 10 to 90 Data Transfer Time lt 50 ms using an OUTPUT or MEASURE statement Operating Temperature Range 0 C to 40 C Storage Temperature Range 40 C to 80 C Dimensions Length 295 mm 11 62 in Width 212 mm 8 35 in Height 64 5 mm 2 54 in Weight 1 76 kg 2 78 lbs Product Description 1 5 1 6 Product Description Table 1 1 Specifications continued Factory Defaults Digital input Label DIG IN O1 DIG IN 02 for 2nd instrument Base decimal Complement 2 s Logic sense positive Length of bits 16 Start bit 0 Threshold 1 36 V Handshake disabled Update auto Digital output Lab
34. hat base The newly selected base will now be bright to indicate that it is the current selection Depending on the base the legitimate values that you can enter into the output field are Decimal values from 32768 to 65535 Octal values from 0 to 177777 Hexadecimal values from 0 to FFFF Binary values from 0000000000000000 to 4111111111111111 NOTE When decimal base is selected note that values from 0 to 65535 are interpreted as unsigned decimal numbers values from 32768 to 1 are interpreted as 2 s complement decimal numbers Manual Instrument Contro 3 11 LENGTH contains 16 choices 13 are hidden that allow you to specify the size of the output data segment number of output bits that will be active The length can vary in size from 1 bit to 16 bits Use the arrows at the bottom of the field to move the desired choice into the center location When a selection appears in the center location it automatically becomes active To prevent errors always specify the length of the field before you specify the start bit If errors do occur a message in the Status Window will identify the type of error that has occurred Unspecified output bits will be set low if the logic sense is positive or high if the logic sense is negative START contains up to 16 choices 13 are hidden that let you specify the starting location or LSB of your output data segment Because this field works in conjunction with the
35. he output connector also contain two control signals and four digital commons each Complete specifications are given in Table 1 1 Product Description 1 1 1 2 Product Description DIGITAL INPUT os INPUT Call Ce INPUT MEESTER BITS 38 ouTPuT OUTPUT DIGITAL REGISTER DRIVER pUTPUT BITS 0 95 ENABLE GUTPUT COMMAND DECODER ANE CONTROL INTERFACE sus SET DRIVER i 2 a 5 x ga o D CONTROL 23 i P ga Figure 1 1 Digital O Block Diagram Two basic operating modes are available for I O data transfers synchronous and asynchronous Synchronous operation requires that some other instrument or hardware source must communicate with the Digital I O This two way communication is referred to as handshaking When sending data to an external device the Digital I O signals the external device that data is available The external device completes the handshake by returning a signal that indicates it has received the information When receiving data from an external device handshaking requires that the external device must first signal the Digital I O that data is valid To complete the handshake the Digital VO will return a signal to indicate it has successfully received the data In asynchronous mode the computer alone controls the transmission of data on the Digital I O s input and output bits Any data that is sent by the computer immediately appears on the output bits
36. her bits low A negative logic sense would set output bits 2 5 and 6 low and all other bits high OUTPUT VALUE consists of an entry field that lets you enter a value that determines the settings of the output bits As previously discussed the settings of the base length start and logic sense fields will determine the values that you can enter into the output value field To enter the output value simply point to and select the output value field Use the keyboard keys to position the cursor type in the new value and press Note that the output bits are not set to the new value unless the output field indicates ENABLED DRIVER lets you specify either an open collector output or a TTL logic level output When you point to and select this field it toggles between TTL and OPEN COLLECT The field always indicates which output type is currently active Specifications for both output types are in Table t 1 To prevent damage to the instrument disable the output whenever you change the driver An open collector output is used when output signals above 5 V are required or when the output is used to power a device such as a LED or relay coil An external power supply is required to drive the open collector outputs Depending on your application an external pull up resistor or protection diode may also be required Manual Instrument Control 3 43 3 14 Synchronous Operation OUTPUT this field toggles between output ENABLE
37. her than decimal is selected the set comp field does not appear on the screen To help you understand how the base selection affects the way input data is displayed lets assume that input bits 0 through 12 are set low and bits 13 through 15 are set high Depending on the base the input data is displayed as follows Decimal 2 s compl 8192 Decimal unsigned 57344 Manual Instrument Contro 3 3 3 4 Manual Instrument Control Binary 1110000000000000 Octal 160000 Hexadecimal E000 LOGIC SENSE formats the incoming data as either positive true logic or a negative true logic input bits inverted When you point to and select this field it toggles between POSITIVE and NEGATIVE The field always indicates which logic sense is currently active The polarity of the input control signals are unaffected by action of this field In the previous example the logic sense was assumed to be positive Lets assume that the input bits are set the same as before only this time the logic sense is negative Depending on the base the input data is displayed as follows Decimal 2 s compl 8191 Decimal unsigned 8191 Binary 0001111111111111 Octal 017777 Hexadecimal 1FFF LENGTH contains 16 choices 13 are hidden that allow you to specify the size of the input data segment number of input bits that will be read by the Digital Input Thus the length can vary in size from 1 bit to 16 bits Use the arrows at the
38. ies all screw terminal assignments 1 Product Description rr ee introducing the HP PC Instruments Digital 1 O The HP PC Instruments Digital I O is an instrument that can send and receive 16 bit data words through the input and output connectors on the front of the unit It does this under the control of a computer that is equipped with PC Instruments software and an interface card The System Owner s Manual tells you all you need to know about the required software and interface card for your computer Chapters 2 and 3 of this manual explain how to operate the Digital VO manually using the Soft Front Panel _ computer display while Chapter 5 describes programming statements you can use to control it from BASIC Figure 1 1 is a block diagram that illustrates the two primary functions to the Digital I O These functions are Digital Input and Digital Output The 16 data bits of both the Digital Input and Digital Output can be addressed individually or simultaneously as a word In this way you can specify variable length data words up to 16 bits long as well as their location on the input and output connectors The input data bits are compatible with all logic levels Programmable circuitry on the instrument allows you to specify an input threshold level The output data bits can be programmed to be compatible with either TTL or open collector logic levels In addition to the 16 data bits the input connector and t
39. input display is updated and the letter M will appear next to the Digital Input s label Figure 3 3 shows the timing relationship between the Input Data Available IDAV signal that must be provided by the external device and the Input Data Accepted signal IDAC from the Digital Input INPUT DATA Gi DOSES SOO SN VALID BATA Y PELER ESRR Ay 1945 MIN m DONT CARE CAN CHANGE AT ANY HME LOW TO HIGH S STATUS Figure 3 3 Input Handshake Timing Diagram The high to low transition of IDAV when pulled low by the external device alerts the Digital Input that data is available The input data must be stable before IDAV is ea ae Selecting the Digital Output sent and IDAV must be set low for a minimum of 10zs The status register on the Digital VO indicates that the Digital Input is now busy reading data When the Digital Input sets IDAC low IDAV can go high again at any time as oe as the minimum pulse width requirement has been satistied When the Digital Input has accepted the input data the status register changes state and IDAC is set high again This signals the external device that the Digital Input is ready for another data transaction If a second high to low transition of IDAV is encountered during the time that IDAC is being pulled low a message on the Soft Front Panel will alert you to the fact that your input data was overrun that is changing faster than the computer ca
40. n accept it This means that your input data was changed before it had been completely read into the computer from the Digital Input If the Digital Output is not already displayed in the Interactive Instrument Window point to and select its label in the System View window Figure 3 4 shows the factory default settings that appear when the first Digital Output in your PC Instruments System is selected These defaults are decimal base 16 bit length 0 start bit TTL driver positive logic sense handshake and output disabled The default label DIG OUT 01 appears in the upper right corner of the Interactive Instrument Window The Interactive Instrument Window can display either the front panel or rear panel of the Digital Output Use the FRONT PANEL softkey to display the front panel This is the panel that lets you operate your instrument If the front panel that appears on your computer s display does not look like Figure 3 4 it means that a previous user has changed the default settings Manuai instrument Control 3 9 ll Operating the Digital Output Asynchronous Operation 3 10 Manual Instrument Control areas nena AP kes tay BE iss LENGTH ELS BITS The present output value is displayed in the output value field at the top of the Interactive Instrument Window see Figure 3 4 This field is also used to enter new output values Below this field are other interactive graphic fields that you can use t
41. ng any of the statements in this chapter take some time to review Figure 5 1 This block diagram illustrates the relationship between the programming statements that are discussed in this chapter and the functions of the Digital I O Because some of the data formatting is done with software and not in hardware the statements that are implemented by software are surrounded by a dotted block to distinguish them from the statements that control the hardware From the diagram you can identify the two primary functions of the Digital V O i e Digital Input and Digital INTERFACE BES BATS FORMAT DIGITAL INPUT i BITS 0 16 sernumarrsio SETSTAAT BITIHO SETLOGICSENSEIC MEASUREA SET THRESHOLO IH SELCOMPLEMENTID GITAL QUFPHT GTS 9 151 SET DAIVERIGI QUTPUTIC simmons Se INPUT STATUS HAND STATUS REGISTER SHAKE CONTROL OUTPUT STATUS CHECK BORE ENABLE HANDSHAKEHO GET STATUSIO OISATLE HANDSHAKE MEASUREL SEY THRESHOLD OUTPUTIGL OUTPUTRO WAITIO SET DRIVER Q ENABLE OUTPUT DL DISABLE OUTPU TB ENAS LHANGSHAKEHOS DISABLE HANDSHAK G10 CHECK DGNEFO SET STATUSHO COMMAND DECOBER i DIGITAL fMPUT O DIGITAL OUTPUT Figure 5 1 How Statements Control the Digital HO Output Notice that some of the software formatting and hardware features are common to both the Digital Input and Digital Output
42. nly read this manual to learn how to operate and program your Digital T O Please insert this manual in the same hardcover binder as your System Owner s Manual Here is a brief description of the contents of each chaptet in this manual Chapter 1 Product Description Briefly describes the Digital I O gives its specifications and lists the items that you receive with it Chapter 2 Trying Out Your Instrument Gives simple step by step instructions that let you quickly perform some operations with nothing connected to the front panel Chapter 3 Manua Instrument Control Gives detailed operating information not covered in the simplified instructions of Chapter 2 A Chapter 4 Froni Panel Connections Explains how to connect the Digital I O to your application Chapter 5 Programming With BASIC Describes how to control the Digital I O with a program All programming statements for the Digital VO are explained Simple programming examples are also included Appendix A Programming Statement Summary Lists all programming statements that apply to the Digital VO Appendix B Verification Procedures Describes verification procedures that you can use to verify the proper operation of the Digital I O if you suspect an instrument malfunction Appendix C Error Messages Lists all error messages that apply to the Digital I O Appendix D HP 14802A Terminal Block Connections Describes the optional Terminal Block and identif
43. nput connector Table D 2 gives the terminal block assignments for the output connector CAUTION To prevent shorted inputs do not strip wires back more than 0 2 in Smm Insert wires fully into screw terminals HP 14802A Terminal Block Connections D 1 PUSH UP TO LATCH MALE Pe CONNECTOR TIGHTEN SCREWS TO SECURE WIRES i f COOOMroOoGon j N 4 Z SPREAD LATCHES ef AND INSERT eee CONNECTOR PI Ie OBSERVE ode te PROPER E ee KEY ALIGNMENT INSENI YIRS HERE Figure D 4 HP 14802A Connections D 2 HP 14802A Terminai Block Connections Tabie D 1 input Terminal Block Assignments Terminal Block bit 15 bit 7 bit 14 bit 6 bit 13 bit 5 bit 12 bit 4 bit 11 bit 3 bit 10 bit 2 bit 9 bit 1 bit 8 bit 0 common common NIC NIC IDAV IDAC common common NIC N C N C common ODAV N C common bit 8 bit 9 bit 10 bit 11 bit 12 bit 13 bit 14 bit 15 commen ODAC N C common bit 0 HP 14802A Terminal Block Connections D 3 PTS
44. nt Panel Control Mode fee N ea Figure 2 8 Change the Base to Binary 2 10 Trying Out Your Instrument Step 8 When the binary base appears in the center position on the list point to and select the center position to activate the binary base see Figure 2 9 STATUS Front Pane Control Made urey eene store I ie UT ae Bet ta ne a re Figure 2 9 Activate the Binary Base Trying Out Your Instrument 2 41 Fe ag ee What to do Next The Result The input display now indicates 1111111111111111 which shows all 16 bits high see Figure 2 10 Input bit 0 the LSB is on the right and input bit 15 the MSB is on the left Because binary is the selected base the complement field disappeared from the screen because it no longer applies To try out a different instrument at this time go to Chapter 2 of its manual Otherwise press the and then the softkey penn erennr mmm santa t ot cement omana f REKLETT 616168 BIGITAL 1 0 big fn t a 1411111111111111 ge a fit D i i g y j werc sE aparos z inl ical i STATUS Frent Panel Control Kode Ree Figure 2 10 All Input Bits High Now that you have finished trying out your instrument the next thing you do depends upon the type of user you are If you are an experienced user and are already familiar with the System Owner s Manual read the remaining chap
45. nvalid output value System error Driver must be OC or TTL Complement must be TWOS or UNSIGNED Bit width invalid Start bit invalid System error Threshold voltage out of range HP 14802A Terminal Block Connections The HP 14802A Terminal Block is designed to simplify wire connections to your HP PC Instruments Digital F O Each HP 14802A comes with two screw terminal fixtures and two cables to connect the fixtures to the front of your Digital I O One cable is terminated in a male connector the other is terminated in a female connector The male connector mates with the output connector on the Digital VO front panel the female connector mates with the input connector on the Digital I O front panel The two screw terminal fixtures are interchangeable and can connect to either cable If desired the screw terminal fixtures can be rail mounted Figure D 1 shows how to connect this hardware to the front of your Digital I O To make your wire connections to the screw terminal fixtures first loosen all of the screws on top of the fixture Strip your wires back approximately 0 2 in 5mm and insert them in the square holes on the front of the terminal block The screw terminals can accommodate wire sizes from AWG 14 to AWG 28 Metric 1 5 0 5mm Check Tables D 1 and D 2 to make sure that you are inserting your wires into the correct opening Table D 1 gives the terminal block assignments for the i
46. o see when the ODAC signal is returned When the signal is returned the loop repeats for the next piece of output data 1110 STOP Example 2 will execute faster if an OUTPUT statement is used in line 1070 instead of the OUTPUT NO WAIT statement Because the OUTPUT statement will wait for the ODAC signal to return before program execution continues it is not necessary to include lines 1080 and 1090 when using an OUTPUT statement However if the external device does not return the ODAC signal when using an OUTPUT statement it will be necessary for you to reset the computer to continue Programming with BASIC 5 17 A Programming Statement Summary System Statements Instrument Statements The following is a summary of the progamming statements that can be used to control the Digital O You can use this summary as a reference guide for spelling and syntax of the available statements DISABLE SYSTEM ENABLE SYSTEM INITIALIZE SYSTEM statefile Statements Common to Input and Output CHECK DONE abel flag DISABLE HANDSHAKE abe ENABLE HANDSHAKE abel GET STATUS label value INITIALIZE label statefile SET LOGIC SENSE label polarity where polarity must be one of the following reserved variables POSITIVE or NEGATIVE SET NUM BITS abel bits where bits must be one of the following reserved variables R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 RI
47. o simplify data entry into the output field and make the output bits compatible with your application Some of these fields are also used when operating your Digital Output synchronously as explained later in this section Operating your Digital Output asynchronously means that when data is entered into the output value field and the output is enabled it automatically outputs the data Before entering data into the output value field you must set the base length start and logic sense fields to the proper settings If you change any of these settings except base after you have entered an output value that value becomes invalid and the output value field becomes blank This indicates that you must now enter a new output value NOTE Just because the output value field becomes blank does not mean that the output data has changed It simply means that the format changes you requested cannot be implemented on the current output data These changes are implemented on the next data value that you enter into the output value field BASE contains four choices one is hidden that allow you to enter output values into the output field in decimal binary octal or hexadecimal format The current selection is always bright If the desired base is not bright use the arrows at the bottom of the field to move the desired base to the center location When the desired base appears in the center location point to and select it to activate t
48. ore it will read data into the input register Example 1010 CALL SET COMPLEMENT DIG IN 01L UNSIGNED 1020 CALL MEASURE DIG IN 01 VOLTAGE 1030 PRINT VOLTAGE In this example the data registers are programmed to read the data on the input bits Line 1010 specifies an unsigned format which returns decimal values in the range of 0 to 65535 Line 1020 causes the data on the input bits to be read into the computer Notice that the variable name VOLTAGE is an example of using a variable name that can be meaningful within the context of a specific application Line 1030 prints the value of the variable Statements Specific to Output 5 10 Programming With BASIC VOLTAGE SET DRIVER label value applies only to the Digital Output and determine whether the output bits will be compatible with either TTL or open collector logic The variable value must be specified as either TTL or OC Chapter 4 gives examples of the external circuitry allowed when using open collector logic levels Example 1010 CALL SET DRIVER DIG OUT OLOC This example sets the output bits to be compatible with open collector logic levels ENABLE OUTPUT label same as ENABLE SYSTEM except that it activates the output bits only the specified Digital Output Example 1010 CALL ENABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 This example enables the output bits of DIG OUT O01 DISABLE OUTPUT label same as DISABLE SYSTEM except that it deactivates into a tri state con
49. s that follow use the statements described in this section to output data on your Digital Output They use the default label DIG OUT 01 and assume that the default settings see Table 1 1 are in effect The first example is with handshake disabled and the second example is with handshake enabled Example 1 program shell 1010 CALL SET DRIVER DIG OUT OL TTL This statement sets the Digital Output to be compatible with TTL logic levels 1020 WXYZ 15 1030 CALL OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 WXYZ These statements load data from the variable WXYZ into the data register This instructs the data register to program output bits 0 through 3 high 1040 CALL ENABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 The output driver sets bits 0 through 3 high only after this statement is programmed 1050 STOP Example 2 program shell 1010 DIM A 10 1020 CALL SET DRIVER DIG OUT 01 TTL 1030 CALL ENABLE OUTPUT DIG OUT 01 1040 CALL ENABLE HANDSHAKE DIG OUT 01 These statements dimension an array set the Digital Output to be compatible with TTL logic levels and enable the output driver and handshake mode 1050 FOR I 1 to 10 1060 WXYZ A 1 1070 CALL OUTPUT NO WAIT DIG OUT 01 WXYZ These statements start a FOR NEXT loop that outputs data and does not wait for the ODAC signal to return from the external device 1080 CALL CHECK DONE DIG OUT 01 OUTSTATUS 1090 IF OUTSTATUS 0 THEN GOTO 1080 1100 NEXT I These statements check the handshake status t
50. ta Accepted ODAC signal that must be provided by the external device Manual Instrument Control 3 15 GUTPUT BATA EO C Sea PNT S 10 8 MIN aa Figure 3 6 Output Handshake Timing Diagram The high to low transition of ODAV alerts the external device that data is available It also signals the status register that the Digital Output is busy indicating that no further data should be sent After the external device pulls ODAC low indicating that the data is being accepted ODAV goes high again When the external device allows ODAC to go high again indicating that all data has been accepted the status register is informed that the Digital Output is ready for another transaction The Digital Output cannot send more data to the external device until after ODAC is allowed to go high again by the external device 3 16 Manual instrument Control 4 Front Panel Connections introduction Before you make any connections on the front of your instrument you should already have connected your A instrument to the interface card connected the Power Pack and power cord and set the address switch as explained in Chapter 2 of your System Owner s Manual It is also recommended that you first try out your instrument as described in Chapter 3 of this manual before you make your application connections WaRNng To avoid potentially hazardous electrical shock establish a safety ground before making any front panel conn
51. ted input or output bit is not functioning correctly If the test does fail try a different input and output bit and repeat the test This lets you determine if the problem is with the programmable input threshold or with a particular input or output bit To perform the handshake control circuit test you must connect the input handshake signals to the output handshake signals with the clip leads The necessary connections are displayed on the computer s screen The handshake signals are tested with the handshake enabled as well as with the handshake disabled by examining the contents of the Digital I O s status register during input and output data transfers If there is a problem with any of the handshake signals the test will fail In Case of Trouble It is important that you complete all verification tests on both the system and instrument level If you Digital I O does not pass these tests consult your PC Instruments Support Guide for information on the PC Instruments exchange program Verification Procedures B 3 C Error Messages The following error messages apply to the Digital I O When programming your instrument from BASIC these error messages are not only returned when you use the error handling routine described in Chapter 5 of the system Owner s Manual 402 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 412 System error I
52. ter line 1000 Once you have finished typing in the sample program save it and run it Normally you would also use the Soft Front Panel to save a State file for all of the instruments in your PC Instruments System Then you could use an INITIALIZE statement in your program to set the Digital I O to the settings that you previously saved in the State file Because the INITIALIZE statement is not used in the sample programs here your Digital Input and Digital Output will be set to the factory default settings see Table 1 1 This means you must program each function of your Digital Input and Digital Output separately When writing your program remember to use the same labels in your instrument statements that you assigned to the Digital I O when using the Soft Front Panel The example programs that follow use the statements described in this section to input data on your Digital Input They use the default label DIG IN O1 and assume that the default settings see Table 1 1 are in effect The first example is with the handshake disabled and the second example is with the handshake enabled Programming With BASIC 5 13 5 14 Programming With BASIC Example 1 program shell 1010 LEVEL 1 36 1020 CALL SET THRESHOLD DIG IN 01 LEVEL These statements set the Digital Input s logic threshold level to 1 36 volts 1030 CALL SET COMPLEMENT DIG IN 01 TWOS This statement sets 2 s complement data format meaning integers in the ran
53. ters in this manual If you are a first time user of the PC Instruments System you should follow the reading sequence given in Table 3 of the System Owner s Manual 2 12 Trying Out Your instrument 3 Manual Instrument Control introduction You may have some idea of how to manually operate the Digital I O from the procedure given in Chapter 2 That chapter gave you a brief overview of some of the Soft Front Panel controls of your instrument This chapter gives you detailed information about inputting reading and outputting writing data on your Digital I O Separate descriptions are given for each of these two main functions of your instrument which are referred to as Digital Input and Digital Output Chapter 4 of the System Owner s Manual describes the Soft Front Panel features including softkeys that are common to all instruments ee eee Selecting the Digital Input The Digital I O must be displayed in the Interactive Instrument Window before you can manually operate it Only the Digital Input or the Digital Output can be operated at one time If the Digital Input is not already displayed in the Interactive Instrument Window point to and select its label in the System View window Figure 3 1 shows the factory default settings that appear when the first Digital Input in your PC Instruments System is selected These defaults are decimal base 2 s complement positive logic sense 16 bit length 0 start bit 1 36 V
54. the Digital Input to the configuration and settings contained in the file YOURFILE YOURFILE can be any State file that you created and named when operating from the Soft Front Panel ENABLE HANDSHAKE abel enables the handshake mode of either the Digital Output or the Digital Input This allows you to operate your Digital O synchronously with an external device Refer to Synchronous Operation in Chapter 3 for a complete description Programming With BASIC 5 5 6 Programming With BASIC Example 1010 CALL ENABLE HANDSHAKE DIG IN O1 This example enables the handshake mode only on DIG IN O1 DISABLE HANDSHAKE abel disables the handshake mode of either the Digital Output or the Digital Input This allows you to operate your Digital O asynchronously where the computer alone controls data transmission Example 1010 CALL DISABLE HANDSHAKE DIG OUT 01 This example disables the handshake mode only on DIG OUT O1 CHECK DONE label flag used in handshake mode to check the status of either the Digital Output or the Digital Input The variable flag returns either a 0 or a 1 For the Digital Input a 0 indicates that handshaking is done and a 1 indicates that handshaking is in progress busy For the Digital Output a 0 indicates that handshaking is in progress busy and a 1 indicates that handshaking is done Figures 3 3 and 3 6 show when the status is busy during handshake mode Example 1010 CALL ENABLE HANDS
55. threshold handshake disabled and auto update The default label DIG IN 01 appears in the upper right corner of the Interactive Instrument Window The Interactive Instrument Window can display either the front panel or rear panel of the Digital Input Use the FRONT PANEL softkey to display the front panel This is the panel by which you operate the Digital Input If the front panel that appears on your computer s display does not Manual Instrument Control 3 1 look like Figure 3 1 it means that a previous user has changed the default settings Dig 1s B COMPL ah y STATUS Front Panel Control Node Operating the D igita Input Asynchronous Operation 3 2 Manual instrument Control The present input value is displayed in the large display area at the top of the Interactive Instrument Window see Figure 3 1 Below this area are the interactive graphic fields With these fields you can modify the input data for convenient interpretation when it is displayed on the top of your screen Some of these fields are also used when operating your Digital Input synchronously as explained later in this section Operating your Digital Input asynchronously means that the display area of the Interactive Instrument Window is updated either automatically or manually to reflect the current state of the input bits Data representation is determined by the settings of the base complement length start threshold
56. ymbol when it is necessary for you to refer to the manual see What s in this Manual Indicates measuring earth ground terminal The WARNING sign calls attention to a procedure practice or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in personal injury Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met The CAUTION sign calls attention to an operating procedure or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met What s in this Manual eee ee This manual is a supplement to the HP PC Instruments System Owner s Manual It contains specific information about your HP PC Instruments Digital FO Model 61010A You must read the System Owner s Manual before you read this manual Warranty and service information is included in the Support Guide in front of your System Owner s Manual The System Owner s Manual discusses information that is common to all HP PC Instruments It also contains specific information about your computer and HP PC Instruments System If you are a first time user refer to Table 3 in your System Owner s Manual for the proper reading sequence of your computer and PC Instruments manuals If you are an experienced user and already have an operating system you need o
57. ystem View Window the input display will not be updated if MANUAL update is selected The letter M appears next to the Digital Input s label in the System View Window to remind you that it is in manual update mode Select AUTO update if you want the input display to update when the Digital Input is in the System View Window Operating your Digital Input synchronously requires that an external device signals the Digital Input to indicate that input data is valid After the Digital Input reads the data it returns a signal to the external device to indicate that it has successfully received the information Two control signals Input Data Available and Input Data Accepted are available at the input connector both of which must be connected to your external equipment refer to Chapter 4 Once the connections are made you are ready to operate your Digital Input synchronously The front panel graphics already discussed i e base set compl logic sense length start threshold and update fields operate exactly the same way in synchronous mode as they do in asynchronous mode The only additional fields that are used when operating your instrument synchronously are the handshake and reset fields see Figure 3 2 i 618188 BIGIIAL 1 6 hig Ja amp Se ey nee eee ne 65535 in Pa Bn ee ees loge sper an on ba STATUS Front Panel Control Kode ditt Vite Aee Figure 3 2 Handshake Enabled HANDSHAKE must be

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