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HP 5344S User's Manual

1. Dos The 5344A contains metric threaded HP IB cable mounting studs as DIO4 opposed to English threads Metric threaded HP 10833A B C or D DIO5 cable lockscrews must be used to secure the cable to the DIO6 instrument Identification of the two types of mounting studs and DIO7 lockscrews is made by their color English threaded fasteners are DIO8 colored silver and metric threaded fasteners are colored black DO FO NOT mate silver and black fasteners to each other or the threads of REN either or both will be destroyed Metric threaded HP IB cable DAV hardware illustrations and part numbers follow NRFD NDAC IFC LONG SHORT CABLE SRQ MOUNTING MOUNTING SRO LOCKSCREW STUD STUD SHIELD CHASSIS GROUND 1390 0360 9380 0643 9380 0644 P O TWISTED PAIR WITH PIN 6 i P O TWISTED PAIR WITH PIN7 f THESE PINS 1 P O TWISTED PAIR WITH PIN 8 ARE i P O TWISTED PAIR WITH 9 f INTERNALLY P O TWISTED PAIR WITH PIN 10 GROUNDED P O TWISTED PAIR WITH PIN 11 ISOLATED DIGITAL GROUND Logic Levels The Hewlett Packard Interface Bus logic levels are TTL compatible i e the true 1 state is 0 0V dc to 0 4V dc and the false 0 state is 2 5V dc to 4 0V dc Programming Refer to Section Ill Operation Mating Connector HP 1251 0293 Amphenol 57 30240 Mating Cables Available HP 10833A 1 metre 3 28 ft HP 10833B 2 metres 6 56 ft HP 10833
2. 3 119 Errors and End of Sweep EOS Messages 3 121 End of Sweep EOS Message 3 124 Signal Source Requirements 22 44 3 126 Signal Sources Used With the 53445 3 128 Sweeper Plug In 5344S Compatibility 3 131 Using the 53445 with an 8640A B Signal Generator 3 133 Detailed Operating Modes 3 136 Common Control Problems 3 138 Remote Programming Via the HP IB Interface 3 139 Introduction 3 142 HP IB Modes of Operation 3 145 Programmable Mode 2 2 3 146 Interface Functions Subset 3 148 Messages 3 150 53445 Bus Message Response 3 151 Address Selection xus 3 155 Front Panel HP IB Annunciators 3 157 Command Codes cisci esee ee aaa ehh 3 159 Command Code Syntax Diagrams 3 162 Input Code Format 3 165 Special Programming Considerations 3 169 Output Format 2 2 2 3 171 Remote Frequency Offset Locking 3 177 System Controller Mode Auto Lock
3. Page Model 53445 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES Table Title 1 1 HP Model 5344 Specifications T2 Equipment Supplied 1 3 Accessories Available e pes e wx ep he REX ra rer 1 4 Available 53445 Options 1 5 1 6 1 7 5342A 5343A Table of Options 5342A 5343A Options Sensitivity Recommended Test Equipment 2 1 HP IB Cable Descriptions 222222242 en Ke Re 2 7 3 1 Parameter Limits 3 12 3 2 Manual Lock Mode Restrictions 3 12 3 3 Auto Lock Mode Restrictions 3 12 3 4 5344A Display While Locked 3 23 3 5 5344S Power Up Parameters 3 24 3 6 Errors Messages 01 4 000 3 25 3 7 HP Sweeper Mainframe 5344A Compatibility 3 27 3 8 HP Sweeper Plug In 5344A Compatibility 3 28 3 9 8350A 8620 Series Connector Cross Reference 3 29 3 10 Common Control Problems 3 30 3 11 HP IB Interface Functions oo eee IH Hn 3 57 3 12 HP IB Messages o 3 57 3 13 Address Selection 3 61 3 14 HP IB Interface Functions System Controller Mode 3 74 3 15 Condensed HP IB Command Code Set 3 75 Model 53445 Table of Contents vi Figure 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 5 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6a 3 6b 3 7 3 8 3 9 3 10 3 1
4. SYSTEMS 3 138 REMOTE PROGRAMMING VIA THE HP IB INTERFACE 3 139 introduction 3 140 The 5344S Source Synchronizer is compatible with the Hewlett Packard Interface Bus Remote programming is installed as standard equipment and allows the 53445 to respond to remote control instructions as described in the following paragraphs The 53445 also has the capability to act as a system controller for use with HP IB compatible sweep oscillators such as the 8350A Sweep Oscillator NOTE HP IB is Hewlett Packard s implementation of IEEE Std 488 1978 Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation 3 141 The user must be familiar with the selected controller 9825A 9826A 9835A 9845A or 85A computers the HP IB and the manual operation and functional capabilities of the 53445 3 142 HP IB MODES OF OPERATION 3 143 There are two major modes of 5344S HP IB operation 1 Programmable Where the 53445 is connected to a controller and possibly other devices via HP IB and can be programmed remotely 2 System Controller Where the 53445 is connected only to a HP 8350A Sweep Oscillator via HP IB and acts as a controller this is called AUTO LOCK NOTE The 5342A or 5343A counter used with the 5344A may also have capability Option 011 installed In general the counter s HP IB interface is independent of the 5344A s and may be accessed normally to control the counter The only diffe
5. STATUS The controller can read the 5344A STATUS BYTE at any time that the 5344A is BYTE in REMOTE operation to check selected operating conditions This is especially useful in conjunction with the SERVICE REQUEST message The controller can determine which event caused the service request The bits of the STATUS BYTE have the following meanings 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RQS EOS OOL FHI FLO m LOK RQS 1 53445 is sending a REQUEST SERVICE message 5 1 END OF SWEEP detected OOL 1 OUT OF LOCK in LOCK mode NOTE Bit 4 Out of Lock does not indicate error messages see para graph 3 119 Bit 4 OOL is also not valid until a period equal to the Lock time see Table 1 1 after the Lock command LK1 has been received 1 FLO 1 LOK 1 Input frequency too HIGH Input frequency too LOW or insufficient signal level at counter input 53445 is currently in LOCK mode but not necessarily Locked i e LKT has been received SYSTEMS 3 59 Model 5344S Operation and Programming e SYSTEMS NOTE When LOK 0 RQS EOS OOL FHI FLO 0 STATUS NOT USED BIT k X PASS NOT USED CONTROL 3 151 Address Selection 3 152 To use the 5344S in an HP IB system you must set the rear panel ADDRESS switches to the desired address The topmost switch sets the 53445 to either the ADDRESSABLE or the SYSTEM CONTROLLER mode For use with a controller
6. 2 5 2 23 Required Modifications for Earlier Version 5342A 43A Counters 2 5 2 25 HP IB Interconnections 6 2 7 2 28 5344 Listen Talk Address 2 7 2 30 HP IB Descriptions 2 7 2 32 Operational Check issues ehh erento 2 9 2 34 Packaging for Reshipment 2 9 2 35 Original Packaging bi emer Re RAN da ae 2 9 2 40 Other Packaging Methods 2 2 9 2 42 Storage 2 9 OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING 3 1 3 1 Introduction so 1344 3 8 Modes of Operation iiis enter th e 3 1 3 10 Manual Lock Modes 3 1 3 12 CW in Manual Lock tisis Sas Sa evince uA ON P nie vee 3 2 3 14 Manual Lock isis e wate wes 3 2 3 17 Start Stop in Manual Lock ie 2252 3 20 Lock Roll in 1 3 2 3 23 Auto Lock Modes System Controller 3 3 3 25 CW IM Auto LOCK s ere xh E ated seno 3 3 3 27 CF AF in Auto Lock e 3 3 3 30 Start Stop in Auto LOCK isis edicion etr ena e 33 3 33 Lock Roll in Auto Lock A ca 3 4 3 37 Locked Sweeps CF AF and Start Stop een 3 4 3 38 Sweep Time for Locked Sweeps 3 4 Model 53445 Table of Contents Section TABLE O
7. 83522A 83525A 83540A 83545A 83570A 83590A 83592A 83594A 83595A 8621A 8 86222A B 86222A B H80 86230A B 86235A 86235 008 86240 86240 86241 86242A C D 86242D 008 86245A 86245A 008 86250A C D 86250D 008 86260A 86260A H82 86260B C 86290A B C 86290A B H08 2 2 L4 H gt mE gt gt j j j i l AX X X X X OX X X X X X X X X X OK OK OK OK OK gt lt X X OX X OX OX OX OX X XX X K lt KOK lt MLA Microwave Link Analyzer NOTES FOR RESTRICTIONS COMMENTS 1 The plug in s CW FILTER switch must be turned off 2 The FM position of the FM NORM PL switch must be used PL may operate depending upon sensitivity AUTO LOCK is not supported The NORM position of the MLA NORM switch must used Capture range is limited AUTO LOCK with subharmonic locking AUX OUT will not operate with the 8620C Option 011 and this plug in The PL or FM position of the FM NORM PL switch must be used The 86210A 86220A and 8690 series will not operate with the 53445 3 28 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 130 Throughout this manual the 8350A Sweep Oscillator and an 83592A 01 to 20 0 GHz plug in are used for examples and discussion Since an 8620 series Sweep Oscillator may also be used Table 3 9 cross refe
8. or MHz light will be turned on If the parameter is SWEEP TIME the s or ms light will be turned on if the parameter is FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER neither light will be turned on The value of the selected parameter is updated and if the 53445 is in LOCK mode MANUAL or AUTO the new parameter is immediately reflected in the lock operation NOTE Depending on the parameter changed and the magnitude of the change during LOCK mode the 5344S may or may not be able to regain lock it will however remain in LOCK mode waiting for the user to adjust the signal source MANUAL LOCK or tune it via HP IB AUTO LOCK Also note that once numeric entry has begun i e once the first digit or decimal point key has been pressed the increment decrement keys the tuning knob the ACQUIRE key and the MANUAL and AUTO LOCK keys are ignored until the entry is complete or terminated Numeric entry may be terminated without affecting the value of the currently selected parameter by pressing any function key including the one currently lit Model 5344S Operation and Programming 21 SYSTEMS ACQUIRE Key 53445 frequency parameters may be changed by acquiring them from the 5342A 43A counter This is accomplished by pressing ACQUIRE following the selection of the desired parameter if the 53445 is not locked an automatic measurement is performed on the 5342A 43A and the resuit entered in the 53445 display and used to update the selecte
9. ron em SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued BANDWIDTH BW 1 0 Set the 5344A to Wide or Narrow Bandwidth BW1 Sets Wide Bandwidth BWO Sets Narrow Bandwidth The Manual Lock light will flash when the Bandwidth is set to Narrow in Manual Lock SUBHARMONIC LOCKING SH 1 0 Set the 5344A to Subharmonic Mode 5 0 SH1 Sets Subharmonic ON SHO Sets Subharmonic OFF If frequency values beyond 18 GHz 5342A or 26 5 GHz 5343A are to be used the Subharmonic command must be sent before any mode command such as SH1CW20GZ SH1CF30GZ SWEEP TRIGGER Selects either Remote or Internal Sweep Trigger TR 1 0 Selects Remote Trigger TR1 does not initiate a sweep The TS command must beusedtotrigger a sweep TR1 tells the 53445 to sweep when a TS command is received TRO Selects Internal Sweep Trigger 53445 will trigger approximately 10 ms after completion of the last sweep 3 71 Model 53445 Operation and Programming lt a gt SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued TRIGGER SWEEP TS Initiates a Single Sweep The TR1 message must have been previously sent or must proceed the TS command in the command string If the 53445 is in CW mode sending the TS command is essentially the same as sending the Reset RS command The 53445 will restart the locking process Group Execute Trigger GET such as the TRIGGER command HP 85 Basic may also be used to initiate a sweep Refer to the specific controlle
10. 1 i 2 18 6 GHz YTO YIG TUNED AMPLIFIER ATTENUATOR 2 6 2 GHz MULTIPLIER e g 86290 A B 1 2 3 REAR PANEL AUX OUT 2 6 2 GHz Figure 3 4 YTO and YTM 3 8 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 70 Wide Band Plug ins 3 71 To generate wide band frequencies for example 01 to 20 0 GHz all of the previous techniques can be combined in one unit as shown in Figure 3 5 To generate frequencies below the YTO range it is mixed with a fixed frequency Cavity Oscillator To generate frequencies above the YTO range it may be multiplied by a YTM CAVITY OSCILLATOR 3 8 GHz FRONT PANEL RF OUT ATTENUATOR 21 200 GHz YTO AMPLIFIER 2 4 7 GHz SWITCHED YTM AND PIN DIODE SWITCH REAR PANEL AUX OUT 2 4 7 GHz Figure 3 5 Wide Band Plug in 3 72 Further investigation of the particular plug in in use is suggested to help realize the full potential of the 5344S Keep in mind the relationship between the RF OUT and the AUX OUT 3 73 Subharmonic Locking and Frequency Offset Locking utilize these functions to expand the 5344S s capabilities 3 74 Detailed Description of Subharmonic Locking Mode 3 75 Subharmonic mode provides a way to control sweeper plug ins without having to place a power splitter or directional coupler in the signal path which lowers the total available power and reduces flatness of the frequency response Subharmonic Locking Mode also provides a way to coritrol sweeper plug ins that can
11. 1 Allows the front panel RF OUT to be used at its full power capabilities No power splitters or directional couplers are necessary 2 The ability to operate the 53445 beyond the limits of 18 GHz 5342A or 26 5 GHz 5343A In this mode the maximum frequency is 99 999999999 GHz 3 The RF OUT signal may be amplitude modulated as required for network analyzers without affecting the performance of the 5344S 3 55 These benefits are described in more detail beginning in paragraph 3 74 3 56 Frequency Offset Locking Overview 3 57 Frequency Offset Locking mode is similar to Subharmonic Locking mode in that the 53445 phaselocks at a frequency that is offset from the entered frequency instead of atasub harmonic of the input frequency The lower limit for this mode is 10 MHz Frequency Offset Locking mode is active whenever a frequency offset is entered in the 5342A 43A and the 53445 is in Subharmonic Locking mode as described in Figure 3 18 The offset used by the 53445 is the negative of that entered in the counter and is applied to all frequencies entered into the 53445 except AF and STEP SIZE 3 58 To understand the operation of these modes a basic description of the 83500 and 86200 series plug ins is provided in the following paragraphs 3 5 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 6 3 59 HEWLETT PACKARD RF PLUG INS 3 60 Most Hewlett Packard 86200 and 83500 series sweeper plug ins use one of the following t
12. Screws for above 8 32 X 1 4 4 2510 0192 Processor Interface Cable Shield 1 05344 00006 Screws for above 6 32 X 3 8 4 2360 0117 Flat washers for above 4 3050 0066 IF OUT Modification IF OUT cable assembly 05344 60114 Tie wraps 1400 0249 1 16 EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE 1 17 Equipment available for use with the 53445 is listed in Table 1 3 These items are factory installed in a standard 53445 and 53445 Opt 043 5344A and counter i Table 1 3 Equipment Available Service Accessory Kit 10842A Transit Case P N 9211 2655 Male BNC to Female SMC cables 5343A 11592 60001 5343A Sweep Interface Cables APC 3 5 Adapter female to female P N 1250 1709 APC 3 5 female to N female Adapter P N 1250 1745 Model 5006A Signature Multimeter See separate data sheet Model 5001A Microprocessor Exerciser See separate data sheet Model 8350A Microwave Sweep Oscillator See separate data sheet Model 8620C Microwave Sweep Oscillator See separate data sheet The 10842A contains eleven special extender boards and is supplied with Installation Note 10842 90004 1 18 DESCRIPTION 1 19 The Hewlett Packard Model 5344A is a companion instrument for the 5342A or 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter This two instrument system is called the 53445 Source Synchronizer which provides the ability to obtain high stability and high resolution frequencies from various voltage controllable signal generators suc
13. and then sweep from Start to Stop The LOCKED annunciator should light If the 8350A actual output frequency is not within the lock range of the 5344A the 5344A will begin stepping the frequency in an attempt to bring it within range If it is unsuccessful Err 11 will be displayed This is a possible indication that the 8350A and or its plug in is out of electrical alignment Figure 3 14 Start Stop in AUTO LOCK Continued 3 45 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 46 NOTE Lock and Roll in Auto Lock will not operate with an 8620 series sweep oscillator Description The 53445 will lock the sweeper to the Start Frequency selected on the 5344A and then sweep to the Stop Frequency selected on the 8350A by the Sweep Time also selected on the 8350A Connections There are two possible interconnections for Lock and Roll Use the one that is most convenient The optional configuration is provided for applications requiring use of the programming connector that would make connection to the sweeper s EXT TRIGGER pin difficult Preferred Pin 9 of the 8350A Programming Connector to the 5344A rear panel SWP TRIG Use the supplied adapter HP Part No 8120 3545 Settings 8350A Sweep mode in TIME 8350A Sweep Trigger in EXT Optional 8350A rear panel STOP SWEEP to the 5344A SWP TRIG Settings 8350A Sweep mode to TIME 8350A Sweep Trigger to INT or LINE j SWEEP Connections TRIGGER FM OUTPUT PROGRAMMIN
14. the key When the light is turned off tuning knob adjustments are relatively coarse allowing rapid changes in parameter values When the light is on adjustments are slower allowing easier fine tuning The FINE COARSE key is operational at any time except when the 53445 is in REMOTE HP IB operation RESET Key The RESET key has three effects 1 If the 5344S is in REMOTE HP IB operation the RESET key returns the 5344S to LOCAL mode restoring control to the front panel Note that the RESET key is ignored if a LOCAL LOCKOUT command has been received by the 5344A 2 If the 53445 is in LOCK mode but not in REMOTE HP IB operation RESET restarts the locking algorithm 3 If the 5344S is LOCKED in a sweep mode CF AF START STOP LOCK ROLL and the single sweep sub mode has been selected pressing RESET initiates anew sweep MANUAL LOCK Key Pressing the MANUAL LOCK key when its light is off places the 5344S in LOCK mode or keeps it in LOCK mode if AUTO LOCK is already in effect and indicates that the signal source may need to be tuned to achieve lock Pressing the MANUAL LOCK key when its light is already on disables LOCK mode and turns off the MANUAL LOCK indicator light 3 18 Model 53445 Operation and Programming AUTO LOCK Key Pressing the AUTO LOCK key when its light is off places the 53445 in LOCK mode or keeps it in LOCK mode if MANUAL LOCK is already in effect and indicates that the signal
15. the switch must be set to the ADDRESSABLE position SYSTEM CONTROLLER is used when the 5344 is controlling an HP IB programmable sweeper such as the HP 8350A See System Controller Mode paragraph 3 177 for more details 3 153 The five bottom switches A1 through A5 set the LISTEN TALK addresses of the 5344S Table 3 13 shows all possible address settings of the corresponding ASCII codes for talk and listen The 53445 is factory set to address 4 as shown in Figure 3 19 ADDRESS 0664 CE NOT USED A CE SYS CONT Figure 3 19 53445 Address Switches Set to Address 4 3 154 Whenever you change the HP IB address of the 5344A turn the 5344A OFF and then ON again 3 155 Front Panel HP IB Annunciators 3 156 The four HP IB annunciators on the front panel indicate the status of the 53445 The RMT annunciator lights to indicate that the 5344S is under remote control The LSN annunciator indicates that the 5344S has been addressed to listen receive commands The TALK annunciator indicates that the 53445 is addressed to talk The CONT annunciator lights to indicate that the 5344S is in the System Controller mode rear panel switch set to SYS CONT 3 60 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Table 3 13 Address Selection aap SYSTEMS ADDRESS SYS CONT NOT USED Address 19 Shown NOTE Select the listen address from the table below and set the address swi
16. 40 Other Packaging Methods 2 41 If it becomes necessary to re ship an instrument good commercial packing should be used Contract packaging companies in many cities can provide dependable custom packaging on short notice The following general instructions should be followed when repackaging with commercially available materials a If shipping to a Hewlett Packard Office or Center attach a tag indicating the type of required return address model number and full serial number b Wrap the instrument in heavy paper or plastic c Use a strong shipping container A double wall carton made of 350 pound test material is adequate d Useenough shock absorbing material 3 to 4 inch layer around all sides ofthe instrument to provide a firm cushion and prevent movement inside the container Protect the front panel with cardboard e Sealthe shipping container securely f Mark the shipping container FRAGILE to assure careful handling 2 42 STORAGE 2 43 lf the instrument is to be stored for an extended period of time it should be enclosed in a clean sealed container Model 53445 Operation and Program SECTION OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING 3 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 This section contains descriptions of operating characteristics and modes operating proce dures descriptions of the front and rear panel controls and indicators and Hewlett Packard Interface Bus HP IB programming information 3 3 The 5344A is a c
17. 78 For example the YIG is tuned to 5 0 GHz at AUX OUT but 20 GHz has been selected the 5344A front panel The 5344A determines the Frequency Multiplier number to be 4 The 5 0 GHz signal being applied to the 5342A is well within the 18 GHz limit 3 79 However if the selected value on the 5344A is 25 GHz the 5344A will display Err 09 since the multiplier is 5 and the 5344A cannot automatically determine this The multiplier of 5 must be manually entered See Frequency Multiplier paragraph 3 89 3 80 Detailed Frequency Offset Locking 3 81 Frequency Offset Locking allows the 53445 to operate with sweeper plug ins that can generate signals below the 53445 lower limit of 500 MHz In this mode the 53445 can control plug ins down to 10 MHz In the following example the range of the plug in is 10 MHz to 2 4 GHz This range is generated using the YTO and Fixed Frequency Oscillator Cavity Oscillator described in paragraph 3 64 3 82 Instead of applying the front panel RF output of the plug in to the 5344 s counter input the rear panel AUX OUT YTO is used The AUX OUT is always 3 8 GHz higher offset than the front panel RF OUT The YTO range is from 3 81 to 6 2 GHz As can be seen this range is above the counter s 500 MHz lower limit Since the offset is constant the 3 8 GHz can be subtracted from the counter s display The display will now always be equal to the plug in s front panel RF OUT 3 83 The 53445 controls the pl
18. All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid The SR FA and SP FB commands may be used together in one single command string or placed on separate lines The 53445 will enter the START STOP mode upon receipt of either SR or SP FB Either command may be changed without affecting the unspecified commands Sending any one of the commands without numerical values causes the 5344A to display that parameter The parameter remains unchanged SYSTEMS 3 65 Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS 3 66 COMMAND CODES Continued LOCK ROLL LR VALUE Sets the 5344S to LOCK ROLL mode The 5344A enters and displays LK R START frequency The STOP frequency and Sweep time are set on the sweep oscillator The value for LR may be a simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also bea simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc The exponent plus the multiplier must fall within the 53445 range such as 75 92 E 1 GZ 7 592 GHz The LR frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters Only the first 11 digits are significant All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid Sending the LR command without a numerical values causes the 5344A to display
19. INTERFACE BUS Interconnection data concerning the rear panel HP IB connector is provided in Figure 2 5 This connector is compatible with the HP 10833A B C D cables See Table 2 1 for cable descriptions The HP IB system allows interconnection of up to 15 including the controller HP IB compatible instruments The HP IB cables have identical piggy back connectors on both ends so that several cables can be connected to a single source without special adapters or switch boxes System components and devices may be connected in virtually any configuration desired There must of course be a path from the calculator or other controller to every device operating on the bus As a practical matter avoid stacking more than three or four cables on any one connector If the stack getstoo large the force on the stack produces great leverage which can damage the connector mounting Be sure each connector is firmly finger tight screwed in place to keep it from working loose during use Table 2 1 HP 1B Cable Descriptions 10833A 1 metre 3 3 ft 10833 2 metre 6 6 ft 10833 4 metre 13 2 ft 10833D 0 5 metre 1 6 ft HP IB SYSTEMS The above symbol when located in the upper corner of a page indicates HP IB information is contained on that page This information may be operation performance adjustment or service related 2 27 CABLE LENGTH RESTRICTIONS To achieve design performance with the HP IB the pr
20. RESTRICTIONS 3 101 When LOCK mode is entered the conditions listed in Tables 3 2 and 3 3 must be met Table 3 2 Manual Lock Mode Restrictions Manual Lock Mode Restrictions 5342 5343A None None CF AF 2 gt 500 MHz CF AF 2 gt 500 MHz START x STOP START x STOP STOP START x 40 MHz STOP START lt 40 MHz None None Cw CF AF START STOP LK R MARKERS SWEEP TIME None None None None Table 3 3 Auto Lock Mode Restrictions Auto Lock Restrictions 5342A 5343 CW Frequency in Signal Source Range CF AF CF AF 2 2 500 MHz CF AF 2 gt 500 MHz CF AF 2 and CF AF 2 in Signal Source Range START STOP START x STOP START x STOP STOP START x 40 MHz STOP START x 40 MHz START and STOP in Signal Source Range LOCK ROLL START Frequency in Signal Source Range None None None None LK R MARKERS SWEEP TIME PL a8eq oos Saunivii HNYd INOW 29 o n8i4 Operation and Programming Model 53445 Wh 7 Figure 3 6a Front Panel Features 3 14 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 102 FRONT PANEL FEATURES 3 103 Figure 3 6a illustrates the 5344A front panel features The function of each indicator and control is described as follows INDICATORS Annunciators cw Indicates that the 53445 is in the CW Continuous Wave mode single frequency no sw
21. Sets 53445 to Start Stop mode Enters and displays Stop frequency LR Sets 53445 to Lock Roll mode Enters and displays Start frequency Turns all Markers OFF MO Turns all Markers OFF Mi Selects Marker 1 Enters and displays Marker 1 M2 Selects Marker 2 Enters and displays Marker 2 M3 Selects Marker 3 Enters and displays Marker 3 M4 Selects Marker 4 Enters and displays Marker 4 Setting Marker N to 0 turns off Marker N SS Selects Step Size Enters and displays Step Size ST Selects Sweep Time Enters and displays Sweep Time FM 1 53445 automatically determines Frequency Multiplier j FMN Enters Frequency Multiplier lt N lt 99 AQ 53445 acquires current frequency value for current mode UP Increments current frequency mode by current Step Size DN Decrements current frequency mode by current Step Size RS Restarts locking process RT Restarts locking process 3 75 i i Model 53445 SYSTEMS 3 76 Operation and Programming Table 3 15 Condensed HP IB Command Code Set Contin Manual Lock is turned OFF Manual Lock is turned ON Bandwidth is set Narrow Bandwidth is set Wide Subharmonic mode is turned OFF Subharmonic mode is turned ON SH1 must precede frequency values greater than 18 GHz 5342 or 26 5 GHz 5343A TRO Sets 53446 to internal sweep trigger TRI Sets 5344S to remote sweep trigger TS1 Triggers a sweep TR1 must be activ
22. Two of these options Options 001 and 011 are standard equipment with the 5342A in the 5344S System However there may be a desireto have one or more of the other available options For example you may want to include Option 002 Amplitude Measurement with the 5342A in the system To order a 5344S System with Options 002 003 and or 004 installed in the counter order the 53445 Option 142 This deletes the counter but still includes all the necessary interfacing hard ware Then order the desired counter with the options Once the separate instruments are received they must be connected as described in paragraph 2 19 In the case described above you would order 1 53445 System Option 142 Deletes the 5342A counter and 2 5342A Option 001 002 and 011 1 26 When ordering in this configuration be sureto order Options 001 High Stability Oscillator for the counter Option 001 High Stability Oscillator is the key to the 53445 Source Synchronizer System s stability 1 27 For complete remote control of the 53445 system Option 011 HP IB should be installed in the counter HP IB is required in the counter only for Frequency Offset Locking under remote control If HP IB is not installed in the counter the offset must be entered manually See paragraphs 3 56 and 3 80 NOTE The 5344A can automatically recognize the counter to which it is attached Once this has been determined the 5344A will limit the maximum frequency to 18 GHz for the 5342
23. actual sweeper output frequency 3 95 The position of the MODE switch is indicated by the rightmost decimal point of the numeric display It is lit when subharmonic locking is in effect SUB HMNC position of MODE switch 3 96 Since the 5342A 43A counter display is produced by multiplying the counted subharmonic signal 1 Hz resolution by the harmonic number its resolution is only N Hz The 53445 synthesizer s resolution is 01 Hz so the actual locked sweeper output frequency resolution is still 1 Hz regardless of harmonic number 3 97 When in REMOTE HP IB operation the 5344A LOOP BANDWIDTH and Subharmonic Locking MODE switches are ignored These functions are controlled via HP IB commands until REMOTE mode is terminated See paragraph 3 138 ex SYSTEMS 3 11 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 12 3 98 PARAMETER LIMITS 3 99 Table 3 1 lists the absolute parameter limits for the 5344S Table 3 1 Parameter Limits Parameter Limit Cw 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz CF 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz AF 0 MHz 40 MHz 0 MHz 40 MHz START 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz STOP 500 MHz 26 5 GHz L R Start 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz MARKERS 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz Setting any Marker to 0 turns that Marker off SWEEP TIME 10 ms 100 s STEP SIZE 0 Hz 18 GHz 0 Hz 26 5 GHz FREQ MULT 1 99 3 100 LOCKED MODE
24. and again indicates FREQ HI or FREQ LO 3 14 CF AF in Manual Lock 3 15 The 5344S attempts to achieve a locked sweep of the signal source from Center Freq A Freq to Center Freq A Freq 2 2 using the SWEEP TIME selected by the user If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency range it must be manually tuned as in CW mode When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator is lit If lock is lost the 53445 turns off the LOCKED annunciator and the signal source must be manually tuned to regain lock The sweep must not cross 500 MHz 650 MHz or 800 MHz as described in paragraph 3 50 NOTE If AF 0 CF AF operates the same as the CW mode since the sweep width AF 0 3 16 In CF AF the 53445 can generate 4 separate markers over the sweep range Discussion of markers begins in paragraph 3 43 3 17 Start Stop in Manual Lock 3 18 The 53445 attempts to achieve a locked sweep of the signal source from the selected START frequency to the selected STOP frequency using the SWEEP TIME selected by the user If the STOP frequency is less than START orSTOP START is too large an error indication is given and the locking process is restarted If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency range thesignal source must be tuned as in CW mode The capture range however is reduced by 1 2 When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator is lit If lock is lost the 5344S turns off the LOCKED annunciator and the sign
25. assume the value is unknown Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the CW annunciator lights The F1 key will light indicating the 5344A is wating for a CW frequency value Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press The 5344A should display 15 000000000 GHz Figure 3 17 Subharmonic Locking Mode Model 5344S Operation and Programming Press the MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light The 5344A will now divide the entered value of 15 GHz by the YTO frequency being displayed on the counter The resulting value will be rounded to the nearest integer The 5344A will determine the YTO frequency required to achieve lock From this the 5344A will turn on the FREQ HI or FREQ LO annunciator indicating the direction the YTO frequency must be tuned If the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of the 8350A until the 5344A locks Kf the FREQ annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5344A locks Notice that the counter is now displaying the actual output frequency of the plug in even though it s counting the rear panel AUX OUT The counter display is multiplied by the Frequency Multiplier value so the true output and the counter s display the same When the 53445 is not locked or either MANUAL or AUTO LOCK are off the counter will always display the true frequency it s counting When Lock is achieved the counter display will be mult
26. be reduced by the output impedance of the 53445 FM OUT signal 250 ohms The minimum sensitivity must then be Rin 250 Rin MHz Volt with Rin in ohms The FM input bandwidth must also meet the minimum values with this 250 ohms in series with it This is significant only if the input capacitance is large Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 126 HP Signal Sources Used With the 53445 3 127 The HP sweeper mainframes listed in Table 3 7 meet the requirements listed in paragraph 3 125 over at least part of their range SEE PARAGRAPH 3 131 BEFORE CONNECTING THE 53445 TO THE 8640 DAMAGE TO THE 8640A B MAY RESULT IF DIRECT CONNECTION IS MADE Table 3 7 HP Sweeper Mainframe 5344A Compatibility Compatibility MANUAL and full AUTO LOCK MANUAL LOCK only MANUAL LOCK only MANUAL and AUTO LOCK Sweeper Mainframe 8350A Sweeper 8620A B Sweeper 8620 Sweeper without Option 011 8620C Sweeper with Option 011 except for AUTO LOCK ROLL 8640A B Signal Generator 8683A B Signal Generator 8684A B Signal Generator MANUAL LOCK only Limited Capture Range and Sweep Width 3 27 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 128 HP Sweeper Plug in 5344S Compatibility 3 129 Table 3 8 lists the compatibility of the various HP sweeper plug ins for the 8350A and 8620A B C Table 3 8 HP Sweeper Plug In 5344A Compatibility Sweeper Plug In 8620 8350 Restrictions Comments
27. frequency value The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass STRT STOP continue pressing MODE until you return to STRT STOP Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz Press the F2 key on the 5344A The LED inside the key will light to indicate that it is waiting for a STOP frequency to be entered and the entered value will be shown on the display Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press 80 07 65 6 The 5344A should display 2 040000000 GHz If you want to see the START Frequency value press key F1 Unless Numeric Entry keys are pressed i the value will remain unchanged If an invalid value is entered the previous value will remain unchanged Press the 5344A SWP TIME key The LED inside the key will light to indicate that the 5344A is waiting for Sweep Time value to be i f f i i H entered Using the 5344 Numeric Entry keys press DEOEOEC The 5344A will display 500 ms Press the 5344A MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light Set the oscilloscope for an X Y display Adjust the Horizontal gain for a full width trace and center the trace with the vertical gain Press the 5344A MKR FREQ key The lamp inside of the key will flash indicating the 5344A is waiting for one of the marker registers 1 through 4 to be selected Using the 5344A Data Entry keys select Marker one by pressing key 1 Unl
28. is in Remote mode and Manual Lock or Auto Lock is on but the 5344S is not necessarily Locked Any offset entered into the counter through the will remain active See paragraph 3 171 Remote Frequency Offset Locking 1 31 RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT 1 32 The test equipment listed in Table 1 7 is recommended for use during performance tests adjustments and troubleshooting Substitute test equipment may be used if it meets the required characteristics listed in the table Table 1 7 Recommended Test Equipment Instrument Critical Specs Model Use Spectrum Analyzer 500 MHz 18 GHz HP 8565A OP Microwave Counter 500 MHz 26 5 GHz HP 5343A OP Controller IEEE 488 1978 HP 85A Sweep Mainframe 53445 Compatible HP 8350A 8350A 8620A B C 500 MHz 26 5 GHz HP 86595A Plug ins uP Exerciser For use with M6800 HP 5001A T Signature Multimeter Signature analysis multimeter HP 5005A B T functions Oscilloscope 100 MHz bandwidth HP 1740A O P T Oscilloscope 275 MHz bandwidth HP 1725A T Power Splitter DC 18 GHz HP 11667A Q P Directional Coupler 7 18 GHz HP 11691D Crystal Detector 15 18 GHz HP 8476A Q P Digital Multimeter 20V Range HP 3465A A Spectrum Analyzer 20 Hz 300 kHz Input HP 141T 8556A 8552 Service Accessory Kit Complete Kit 10842A T 10842A contains 2 X10 pin 05342 60030 T Only required boards 2X12 pin 05342 60031 T are listed 2X15 pin 05342 60032 T 2 X 18 pin 2 05342 60033 T 2 X 22 pin 2 05342 60034 T 2 X
29. of 100 120 220 or 240 volt ac 596 10 48 to 66 Hz single phase The power consumption is approximately 125 VA See Section Specifications for description 2 8 Line Voltage Selection CAUTION Before connecting the instrument to ac power lines be sure that the voltage selector is properly positioned as described in the following paragraph 2 9 The 5344A is equipped with a power connector module that has a plug in printed circuit card line voltage selector to choose 100 120 220 or 240 volt ac operation see Figure 2 1 Before applying power the selector card must be set to the correct position andthe correct fuse must be installed as described in paragraph 2 13 PC BOARD PART NUMBER IS 5020 8122 SELECTION OF OPERATING VOLTAGE Open cover door and rotate fuse pull to left Select operating voltage by orienting PC board to position desired voltage on top left side Push board firmly into module slot Rotate fuse pull back into normal position and re insert fuse in holders using caution to select correct fuse value Figure 2 1 5344A Line Voltage Selection Model 53445 Installation 2 10 Power line connections are selected by the position of the plug in card in the module When the card is plugged into the module the only visible markings on the card indicate the line voltage to be used The correct value of line fuse with a 250 volt rating must be installed after the card is inse
30. panel control LOCAL Disables front panel reset LOCAL LOCKOUT 7 LOCKOUT key only controller can return 5344A to local operation GO TO 5344A returns to local LOCAL 7 LOCAL operation Local Lockout AND CLEAR is cleared LOCAL LOCKOUT 3 57 Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS Table 3 12 HP IB Messages Continued HP iB SAMPLE HP 85A MESSAGE DESCRIPTION RESPONSE Address 20 SERVICE 5344A will request service A STATUS 7 REQUEST service when OUT OF LOCK IF BIT A 3 1 condition exists or when Then SRQ is set END OF SWEEP has been detected STATUS 720 LAG SPE TAG accept status byte LAG SPD STATUS Presents status information BYTE PASSS CONTROL ABORT Not applicable Terminates all HP IB activity ABORTIO 7 and returns control to the system controller 3 150 53445 Bus Message Response REMOTE 5344A goes Remote when it receives the REMOTE message on the HP IB All front panel controls except the RESET key are ignored In REMOTE operation the 53445 is programmed by the controller via messages sent over the bus Until changed the state of the 5344S remains as it was prior to re ceipt of the REMOTE message Any partially entered keyboard sequence is aborted uh LOCAL Returns the 53445 to front panel control HP 1B bus activity is ignored until another REMOTE message is sent Otherwis
31. spacing conflict is resolved Select Marker 3 and place it at 2 02 GHz Two more markers could be selected provided there is no conflict Figure 3 16 Markers Continued 3 51 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 52 Description This procedure will demonstrate Subharmonic Locking The actual front panel output frequency will be 15 GHz To avoid placing any attenuating devices in series with the output the rear panel AUX OUT YTO will be used for the locking signal The Frequency Multiplier will be set to 1 for automatic determination Connections FM OUTPUT PROGRAMMING CONNECTOR 0 o ooo000c 0000 0000 OUTPUT SWEEP GENERATOR LOCKED SIGNAL Example The 5344S will be placed into CW mode 15 GHz will be selected on the 5344A 1 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off If AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 Set the 5344A rear panel Mode switch to the SUB HMNC position Set the 5344A Frequency Multiplier to 1 On the 5344A press MKR FREQ Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press GHz 5 The 8350A should display 15 000 GHz Notice that the counter is not displaying 15 GHz but the frequency the YTO is at before any multiplication If you knew the multiplier value the counter display would be of some use but let s
32. that parameter The parameter remains unchanged Entries outside of the limits default to the closest limit Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued MARKERS MO M4 MO or MO Turns off all markers M1 The 5344A enters and displays MARKER 1 frequency M2 The 5344A enters and displays MARKER 2 frequency M3 The 5344A enters and displays MARKER 3 frequency M4 The 5344A enters and displays MARKER 4 frequency Setting any marker frequency to 0 turns OFF only that marker VALUE The value for MARKERS may be a simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also be a simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc An exponent plus a multiplier must fall within the 5344S range such as 75 92 E 1 GZ 7 592 GHz The MARKER frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters Only the first 11 digits are significant All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid Sending any one of the commands without numerical values causes the 5344A to display that marker frequency The marker frequency remains unchanged 3 67 Model 53445 Operation and Programming em SYSTEMS 3 68 STEP SIZE 5 VALUE COMMAND CODES Continued The 5344A enters and disp
33. the 53445 range such as 75 92 1 GZ 7 592 GHz Only the first 11 digits are significant All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid The CW frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 53446 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters Entries outside of the limits default to the closest limit 3 63 Model 5344S Operation and Programming SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued CENTER FREQUENCY CF Sets the 53445 to CF DF mode The 5344A enters and displays the CF frequency DELTA FREQUENCY DF Sets the 53445 to CF AF mode The 5344A enters and displays the AF frequency VALUE The value for CF and DF may be a simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also be a simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc The exponent plus the multiplier must fall within the 53445 range such as 75 92 E 1 GZ 7 592 GHz The CF frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters The DF frequency range is 0 MHz to 40 MHz If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limits remain 0 MHz to 40 MHz for both counters Only the first 11 digits are
34. the Auxiliary Output after entering the appropriate frequency offset on the counter Accuracy is now limited by stability of the fixed oscillator 20 kHz rms TYPICAL for 83592A 83595A Subharmonic Offset mode can be useful for any general purpose sources used with external multipliers and mixers Acquire Function Acquires a frequency measurement from the counter and places the value in the numeric display when unlocked HP IB Operation Remote Programming Interface HP IB Hewlett Packard s implementation of IEEE Standard 488 Functions controlled All front panel functions with the exception of the line switch and Auto Lock are programmable Shorthand Interface Function Codes SH1 T2 L2 SR DC1 DT1 CO E1 Standalone The 5344A is connected to the source via HP IB and acts as the controller Rear panel switch selectable This mode accomplishes Auto Lock Maximum FM TYPICAL Phase lock will be maintained if the maximum FM on source is not exceeded at the various modulating frequencies GENERAL Z Axis In Accepts the Z Axis modulation signal from sweeper Tied directly to Z Axis Out for LOCK ROLL mode Otherwise has no effect Front pane BNC female connector Table 1 1 Model 5344A Specifications Continued PEAK TO PEAK DEVIATION WIDEBAND 100 KHz NARROWBAND ak i H 1KHr 10 KHz 100 KHz MODULATING FREQUENCY Z Axis Out Provides a Z Axis modulation signal for d
35. the first decimal point has any effect 3 167 Only the first 2 digits of an exponent are significant Others are ignored 3 168 The FM parameter may be terminated with any frequency units data message GZ MZ HZ 3 169 Output Format 3 170 The 5344A does not have the capability to output data The 5344A can only output status information as described in paragraph 3 150 3 171 Remote Frequency Offset Locking 3 172 To fully understand Frequency Offset Locking during remote a few points should be discussed 3 173 First the 5344A and the counter cannot be in Remote at the same time The 5344A needs the counter s circuitry to perform its functions To avoid any conflict whenever the 5344A is placed into Remote and Lock in ON the counter is automatically switched to Local and the front panel controls are locked out 3 174 In Frequency Offset Locking the counter must have a frequency offset activated The counter always adds the offset to the frequency being counted For Frequency Offset Locking the offset value is entered as negative such as 3 8 GHz This can be done over the HP IB provided the counter has HP 1B using the following command string SOM 3800EOM1 See the appropriate counter manual for specific details 3 175 Both the 5342 and 5343A Microwave Counters will retain any offset entered when they return to Local This is necessary so when the 5344A is set to Remote the counter will still have the of
36. throughout the rest of the sweep Lock and Roll mode 3 6 User interaction with the system is through the 5344A front panel which contains a keyboard 11 digit scratchpad display and RPG rotary pulse generator knob All 53445 functions except Auto Lock may be controlled remotely via HP IB 3 7 The 5344A is attached mechanically to the 5342A or 5343A counter and electrically to the counter s microprocessor bus IF and 10 MHz outputs 3 8 MODES OF OPERATION 3 9 The 5344S has four modes of operation They are CW CF AF Start Stop and Lock Roll Each mode can be used in Manual Lock or Auto Lock as described in the following paragraph 3 10 MANUAL LOCK MODES 3 11 Manual Lock requires the signal source to be manually tuned to within capture range of the selected frequency If the 5344S is used with an 8350A or 8620C with Option 011 the 53445 can automatically tune the sweeper to the selected frequency Auto Lock 3 1 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 2 3 12 CW in Manual Lock 3 13 53445 attempts to lock the signal source to the selected Continuous Wave CW frequency If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency for the 53445 to bring it into lock the FREQ Hl or FREQ LO annunciator is turned on and the signal source must be manually tuned as indicated When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator lights If lock is lost the 5344A turns off the LOCKED annunciator
37. to 10 MHz NOTE When performing Frequency Offset Locking procedures if you know the true frequency of the Cavity Oscillator in the plug in enter that value In this procedure you entered 3 8 GHz as the offset If the Cavity Oscillator is really at 3 7995xxxx GHz and this value is entered the true output of the plug in when Locked will be closer to the selected value To determine the true frequency of the Cavity Oscillator apply the locked signal to the input of another counter If the sweeper is locked at 10 MHz the second counter H probably isn t displaying exactly 10 MHz This error is the amount the Cavity Oscillator is off from the value entered into the 53445 system s counter As an offset into the second counter enter the frequency to which the sweeper is locked In this example you would enter an offset of 10 MHz Now the second counter is displaying the amount the Cavity Oscillator is off frequency If the result is positive lower the offset frequency by that amount If the result is negative increase the offset by that amount On the second counter note the least significant digit that is stable For example the 1 KHz position is stable but the 100 Hz position and below are not When entering the true offset in the 5344S system s counter limit the offset to the LSD that is stable Figure 3 18 Frequency Offset Locking Continued 3 55 Model 5344S Operation and Programming
38. to bring it within range If it is unsuccessful Err 11 will be displayed This is a possible indication that the 8350A and or its plug in is out of electrical alignment Figure 3 12 CW in AUTO LOCK Continued 3 41 Model 5344S Operation and Programming Description The 53445 will lock the sweeper to the specified Center Frequency and then sweep in a range around the CF as specified by the AF sweep width by the Sweep Time specified on the 5344A Connections FM OUTPUT ee Qe 9 2 29888 58858 5o o D00000 00000 Gooooo 00000 c 9000 eese 8350A OUTPUT SWEEP GENERATOR i 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Example Center Frequency CF of 2 GHz and a sweep width AF of 20 MHz The 5344S will sweep the sweeper from CF AF 2 to CF AF 2 or 1 990 GHz to 2 010 GHz 1 Set the 5344A HP IB address to 00 by setting the bottom five switches to the right 2 Set the 5344A to the System Controller mode by setting the top switch to the left SYS CONT 3 Set the 8350A address to 00 equal to the 5344A by pressing the following key sequence E ino e Ex The HP IB address will be shown on the Frequency Time display of the 8350A Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off and verify the 5344A front panel CONT lampis on Also ver
39. to default to 18 GHz or 26 5 GHz If the 53445 is in Subharmonic Mode or Frequency Offset Locking the limits are 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 46 Markers cannot be arbitrarily close to each other or to the Start or Stop frequencies of the sweep The determining factor is time so for slower sweeps the markers can be closer in frequency The minimum separation of the first marker and the start frequency is given by 40 us STOP START SWEEP TIME 3 47 The minimum marker spacing or the spacing between the last marker and the stop frequency is given by 1 4 us STOP START SWEEP TIME 3 48 If markers are entered that are too close to each other or the stop frequency the 5344A displays an error message while sweeping and ignores the offending marker s If the first marker is too close to the start frequency the marker is ignored but no error message is displayed 3 49 The marker output is a 5V rectangular pulse at the Z AXIS OUT connector on the front panel 3 50 Frequency Restrictions of Locked Sweeps 3 51 Due to IF bandwidth restrictions locked sweeps CF AF START STOP modes cannot cross the frequencies of 500 650 or 800 MHz An error message is displayed if such a sweep is attempted 3 52 SUBHARMONIC LOCKING AND FREQUENCY OFFSET LOCKING MODES 3 53 Subharmonic Locking Mode Overview 3 54 Subharmonic Locking Mode provides several benefits They are
40. 1 3 12 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 17 3 18 3 19 LIST OF FIGURES Title Page Model 53445 Source Synchronizer and Equipment Supplied 1 0 5344A Line Voltage Selection 2 1 AC Power Cables Available 2 3 Connecting 5344A to the 5342A or 5343A 2 5 IF OUT Modification bers 2 6 Hewlett Packard Interface Bus Connections 2 8 Basie VIG Tuned Oscillator 56 3 6 Basic YIG and Fixed Frequency Cavity Oscillator 2 4257 YIG Tuned Oscillator and GaAs FET Doubler 3 8 tai YTM Mos o e 3 8 Wide Band Plug In 3 9 Front Panel Features 3 13 Rear Panel Features 3 21 5344A 8640A B Interface Circuit 3 29 CW in Manual 3 31 CF AF in Manual 3 33 Start Stop in Manual 3 35 Lock and Roll in Manual 3 37 in AUTO LOCK 3 40 CF AF in AUTO LOCK 3 42 Start Stop in AUTO LOCK 3 44 Lock and Roll in AUTO LOCK 3 46 Markers presi s sa ey rues 3 49 Subharmonic Locking Mode 3 52 Frquericy Offset Locking Gece fig der een 3 54 53445 Address Switches Set to Address 4 3 60 Model 5344S Safety Considerations SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS GENERAL This is a Safety Class 1 instr
41. 24 pin 05342 60035 T A14 Extender 5342A 43A 05342 60036 T 9 Polarized Extender 05344 60014 T LI A Adjustments O Operational Verification P Performance Test 4 The 85A requires the 00085 15003 1 ROM installed in the 82936A ROM Drawer the 82903A 16K Memory Troubleshooting Module and the 82937A HP IB Interface An HP 85F may be substituted for the HP 85A and accessories t The 05344 60014 has been added to the 10842A Extender board kit Earlier kits may not have this extender board It should be obtained and added to the kit 1 8 Model 53445 Installation SECTION INSTALLATION 2 1 INTRODUCTION 2 2 This section contains information for unpacking inspection storage installation and connection to the Hewlett Packard Interface Bus 2 3 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION 2 4 If the shipping carton is damaged inspect the instrument for visible damage scratches dents etc If the instrument is damaged notify the carrier and the nearest Hewlett Packard Sales and Support Office immediately the offices are listed at the back of this manual Keep the shipping carton and packaging material for the carrier s inspection The Hewlett Packard Sales and Support Office will arrange for repair or replacement of your instrument without waiting for the claim against the carrier to be settled 2 5 PREPARATIONS FOR USE 2 6 Power Requirements 2 7 The HP 5344A requires a power source
42. 344A The top switch of the 5344A ADDRESS switches must be set to the SYS CONT position FM OUTPUT c goooooo 000 898688 g 000000 0090 0009 OUTPUT SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Example CW locked frequency at 2 000000000 GHz 1 Set the 5344A address to 00 by setting the bottom five switches to the right 2 Set the 5344A to the System Controller mode by setting the top HP IB switch to the left SYS CONT 3 Set the 8350A address to 00 equal to the 5344A by pressing the following key sequence 9 The HP IB address will be shown on the Frequency Time display of the 8350A Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off and verify the 5344A front panel CONT lamp is on Also verify the plug in s CW Filter is off Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the CW annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass CW continue pressing MODE until you return to CW Figure 3 12 CW in AUTO LOCK Model 53445 Operation and Programming Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz Press the 5344A AUTO LOCK key The 5344A will now program the 8350A to the specified CW frequency If the 8350A actual output frequency is not within the lock range of the 5344A the 53445 will begin stepping the frequency in an attempt
43. 445 Operation and Programming Description The 53445 will lock the sweeper to the specified Center Frequency and then sweep in a range around the CF as specified by the AF sweep width by the Sweep Time specified on the 5344A Connections FM OUTPUT Qo a 888 oo ooo Boe 5 a 8350A SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Example Center Frequency CF of 2 GHz and a sweep width AF of 20 MHz The 53445 will sweep the source from CF AF 2 to CFH 2 or 1 990 GHz to 2 010 GHz 1 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off If AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press GHz the 8350A should display 2 000 GHz and the 5342A should display approximately 2 GHz Using the 5344A Function keys press a MODE until the CF AF annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass CF AF continue pressing MODE until you return to CF AF Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz The 53445 always assumes that the remaining unentered digits are zero Thus 1 Hz resolution always occurs Press the F2 key on the 5344A The LED inside the key
44. 8350A actual output frequency is not within the lock range of the 5344A the 53445 will begin stepping the frequency in an attempt to bring it within range If it is unsuccessful Err 11 will be displayed This is a possible indication that the 8350A and or its plug in is out of electrical alignment Figure 3 13 CF AF in AUTO LOCK Continued 3 43 1 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Description The 5344S will lock the sweeper to the specified Start Frequency and then sweep from the specified Start Frequency to the specified Stop Frequency using the specified Sweep Time The difference between the Start and Stop frequency must be less than or equal to 40 MHz The Sweep time range is 10 ms 100 s Connections FM OUTPUT d Q OO 000 ey ooo ooo0 8350 OUTPUT SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL P COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Example Start Frequency STRT of 2 GHz and a Stop Frequency Stop STOP of 2 040 GHz with a Sweep Time of 100 ms 1 Set the 5344A HP IB address to 00 by setting the bottom five switches to the right 2 Set the 5344A to the System Controller mode by setting the top HP IB switch to the left SYS CONT 3 Set the 8350A address to 00 equal to the 5344A by pressing the following key sequence Eje Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lam
45. A and 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 5342A has Option 005 operation to 24 GHz the 5344A will still limit the operation to 18 GHz However when the 5342A is not being used with the 5344A Manual and Auto Lock off the 5342A Option 005 will operate as normal to 24 GHz Table 1 5 5342A 5343A Table of Options High Stability Oscillator 10544A Amplitude Measurement Digital to Analog Converter Operates to 24 GHz Extended Dynamic Range Microwave Limiter Hewlett Packard Interface Bus IEEE 488 1978 See the appropriate counter manual for specifications and operating details for these options N A Not Available 1 28 Operation of Counter Options with the 5344A 1 29 Certain options for the 5342A and 5343A Microwave Frequency Counters reduce the input sensitivity Table 1 6 lists the options and the sensitivity levels for those options Table 1 6 5342A 5343A Options Sensitivity 002 and 003 5 12 4 GHz 12 4 18 GHz 006 5 12 4 GHz 12 4 18 GHz 18 26 5 GHz el 53445 rmation e SYSTEMS Model 53445 General Information 1 30 Options 002 Amplitude Measurement 5342A only and 004 Digital to Analog Converter 5342A 5343A will be automatically turned off whenever the 5344S is placed into Manual or Auto Lock mode They will be re activated when Manual or Auto Lock is turned off again Option 011 HP IB Interface for either counter is locked out whenever the 5344A
46. C 4 metres 13 12 ft HP 10833D 0 5 metre 1 64 ft Cabling Restrictions for Standard System 1 A Hewlett Packard interface Bus System may contain no more than 1 8 metres 6 ft of connecting cable per instrument 2 The maximum accumulative length of connecting cable for any Hewlett Packard Interface Bus System is 20 0 metres 65 6 ft Figure 2 5 Hewlett Packard Interface Bus Connections 2 8 Model 53445 installation em SYSTEMS 2 32 Operational Check 2 33 To determine if the instrument is operating properly refer to the operational verification in Section IV Contact your nearest HP Sales and Support Office see manual back cover for information concerning warranty claims 2 34 PACKAGING FOR RESHIPMENT 2 35 Original Packaging 2 36 The same containers and materials used in factory packing can be obtained through the Hewlett Packard Sales and Support Office listed at the rear of this manual 2 37 Since the 5342A 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter is an integral part of the 5344S System the counter should be returned with the 5344A when service is required 2 38 If the instrument is being returned to Hewlett Packard for service attach tag indicating the type of service required return address model number and full ser al number Mark the container FRAGILE to assure careful handling 2 39 In any correspondence refer to the instruments by model numbers and full serial numbers 2
47. Doesn t Unaddress If MLA SR1 Complete Service Request Capability Complete Remote Local Capability PPO No Parallel Poll Capability DC1 Complete Device Clear Capability DT1 Complete Device Trigger Capability No System Controller Capability 1 Open Collector Drivers 3 148 Bus Messages 3 149 Through bus messages devices on the bus can exchange control and measurement information There are 12 basic messages which can be sent over the interface Table 3 12 lists each bus message giving a condensed description of the 53445 response and examples of various controllers implementation of these messages Paragraph 3 150 provides a more detailed description of these messages Table 3 12 HP IB Messages HP IB SAMPLE HP 85A IEEE 488 MESSAGE DESCRIPTION RESPONSE Address 20 USAGE Method for sending com mands to the 5344A and receiving measurement data Used in LOCK ROLL mode to initiate a sweep Used in CF AF and START STOP to initiate a locked sweep OUTPUT 720 CW2GZLK1 ENTER 720 A TRIGGER TRIGGER 7 TRIGGER 720 CLEAR Aborts any partially entered CLEAR 7 HP IB data message CLEAR 720 53445 goes remote All front REMOTE 7 panel controls are disabled except RESET All functions REMOTE 720 and modes remain the same as local unless changed by a DATA message REMOTE LOCAL Returns 5344A to front LOCAL 720
48. F CONTENTS Continued Title OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING Continued 3 40 Sweep Increment 3 43 Markers egoet r arara vetera opt ade dng es hne 3 50 Frequency Restrictions of Locked Sweeps 3 52 Subharmonic Locking and Frequency Offset re RR 3 53 Subharmonic Locking Mode Overview 3 56 Frequency Offset Locking Overview 3 59 Hewlett Packard RF 1 5_ 3 62 yoke oN Ss 3 64 Basic YTO and Fixed Frequency Cavity Oscillator 3 66 YTO and GaAs FET Doubler 3 68 YTO and YTM 3 70 Wide Band Plug Ins 3 74 Detailed Description of Subharmonic Locking Mode 3 80 Detailed Frequency Offset Locking 3 89 Frequency Multiplier 3 93 MODE Switch NORM SUBHMNC on Rear Panel 3 98 Parameter Limits cies nm 3 100 Locked Mode Restrictions 3 102 Front Panel Features a 3 104 Rear Panel Features 53 3 106 Function Key Operation 3 108 5344 Display While Locked 3 111 Operator s Check 3 112 5342 5343 Stand Alone Operation 3 14 Power Up Self Check
49. G CONNECTOR Qo C3 SWEEP GENERATOR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Figure 3 15 Lock and Roll in AUTO LOCK Model 53445 Operation and Programming Example Start Frequency of 2 GHz and a Stop Frequency of 5 GHz with a Sweep Time of 100 m 1 Set the 5344A HP IB address to 00 by setting the bottom five switches to the right 2 Set 5344A to the System Controller mode by setting the top HP IB switch to the left SYS 3 Set the 8350A address to 00 equal to the 5344A by pressing the following key sequence 0 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off and verify the 5344A front panel CONT lamp is on Also verify the plug in s CW Filter is off Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the LK R annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll through the modes of operation If you pass LK R continue pressing MODE until you return to LK R Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz 5 The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz Now enter the Stop frequency on the 8350A Using the 8350A keys press the following keys in sequence The 8350A STOP display should be 5 00 GHz Now enter the Sweep Time Using the 8350 keys press the following in sequence MHz The 8350A TIME display should be 0 100 SEC Press the 534A AUTO LOCK key T
50. HEWLETT O PACKARD OPERATING INFORMATION 53445 Microwave Source Synchronizer SERIAL PREFIX 2314A This manual applies to Serial Prefix 2314A unless accompanied by a Manual Change Sheet indicating otherwise Copyright HEWLETT PACKARD COMPANY 1983 5301 STEVENS CREEK BOULEVARD SANTA CLARA CA 95050 HP PART NUMBER 05344 90011 Printed SEPTEMBER 1983 MANUAL UPDATING CHANGES CHANGE DATE August 20 1984 MANUAL IDENTIFICATION MANUAL UPDATING COVERAGE Instrument HP 53445 Microwave Source This supplement adapts your manual Synthesizer to instruments with serial numbers Operating Information prefixed through 2838 Manual Manual Part No 05344 90011 RR OX X RR OE OX OK OX X X X X HH Mangal Microfiche P Manual Print Date Sept 1983 eRe RRR OR OX X X X RRR OR Ok Ok ABOUT THIS SUPPLEMEET The information in this supplement is provided to correct manual errors and to update the manual to instruments containing changes after the manual print date Change and correction information in this supplement is itemized by page numbers corresponding to the original manual pages The pages in this supple ment are organized in numerical order by manual page number Manual updating supplements are revised as often as necessary to keep manuals as accurate as possible Hewlett Packard recommends that you periodically reque
51. OR Messages Invalid frequency measurement on 5344 Signal source output not connected to counter input cm Source power level too low Source RF OUT turned off Source RF BLANKING turned on when using Lock Roll mode on 53445 Signal source frequency 500 MHz or gt 18 GHz 5342A or 26 5 GHz 5343A ao Signal source sweeping or being manually tuned too fast Signal source internal square wave modulation turned on za Cables are defective or not usable over desired frequency range Err 02 Markers too close to each other or to the STOP frequency Solution Move markers or increase sweep time Err 03 STOP frequency less than START frequency Err 04 STOP frequency START frequency greater than 40 MHz Solution Reduce sweep span Err 05 Signal source FM sensitivity less than 1 MHz volt Sensitivity really is less than 1 MHz volt b 5344 FM OUT not connected to signal source FM INPUT c For HP 86200 plug ins PL NORM FM switch in NORM position Should be in PL position d For HP 83500 plug ins CW filter enabled e 5344A A6 Main Loop Board fuse blown Err 06 Signal source FM sensitivity greater than 100 MHz volt Err 07 Sweep too wide for signal source sensitivity Solution Reduce sweep width Increase source FM sensitivity Err 08 Sweep cannot cross the frequencies of 500 650 or 800 MHz Solution Change sweep parameters Err 09 Invalid va
52. RT Frequency 3 23 i i Model 5344S Operation and Programming pesong roa SYSTEMS 3 24 3 110 In CW mode the 5342A 43A is actually counting the input frequency and updating the display In CF AF and START STOP modes the display is static In LOCK ROLL mode the display is also normally static but if the counter being used with the 53445 is a 5343A and the signal source is an HP 8350A sweeper the Counter Trigger mode may be invoked on the 8350A to momentarily stop the sweep and signal the 5344S to measure a desired frequency stop or marker The 8350A s CNTR TRIG output must be connected to the 5343A s SWP INTFC A input The sweeper s STOP SWEEP input must be connected to the 5344A s SWEEP TRIGGER output or to the 5343A s SWP INTFC B Then selecting a frequency parameter on the 8350A front panel and pressing the SHIFT and M2 keys enables Counter Trigger mode See Figure 3 11 Lock Roll in Manual or Figure 3 15 Lock Roll in Auto Lock for a descriptive procedure 3 111 OPERATOR S CHECKS 3 112 5342A 5343A Stand Alone Operation 3 113 The 5344A and the 5342A 43A each have power switches that must be set to the ON position The order in which they are turned on doesn t matter The 5342A or 5343A may be operated alone by applying power only to the counter However since the 5344A uses the counter s microprocessor if both instruments are ON and the 5344A is switched OFF the 5342A must be switched OFF the
53. Sweep Time for Locked Sweeps 3 39 Sweep time can be selected for the two Locked Sweep modes CF AF and Start Stop The sweep time range is 10 ms to 100 s The sweep mode may be Single or Continuous as determined by the ACQUIRE key refer to under Front Panel Features paragraph 3 102 3 40 Sweep Increment 3 41 During locked sweeps CF AF and START STOP modes the 53445 is actually stepping the signal source to a new locked CW frequency every 10 microseconds in phase continuous steps Normally the step increment is so small that the sweep appears to be continuous The actual increment is given by the following formula for START STOP mode use START STOP in place of AF INCR SWEEP TIME 10 us 3 42 For example if AF 40 MHz and SWEEP TIME 10 ms INCR 40 KHz A fixed increment of 80 KHz is used for locked sweep retrace 3 43 MARKERS 3 44 The 5344A has the ability to generate 4 separate markers The markers are settable across the swept band The following paragraphs describe the use of these markers 3 45 Markers are generated by the 5344S only in CF AF and START STOP modes A marker signal is then generated for desired 53445 marker frequencies in the swept range The markers can be disabled by setting them to 0 as described in Front Panel Features paragraph 3 102 Setting any Marker below 500 MHz causes that marker to default to 500 MHz Setting any marker above 18 GHz 5342A jor above 26 5 GHz 5343A causes that marker
54. al source must be manually tuned to regain lock The sweep must not cross 500 MHz 650 MHz or 800 MHz as described in paragraph 3 50 NOTE If START STOP START STOP operates the same as the CW mode since the sweep width 0 3 19 In Start Stop the 5344S can generate 4 separate markers over the sweep range Discussion of markers begins in paragraph 3 43 3 20 Lock Roll in Manual Lock 3 21 In the Lock Roll mode the 5344S has the ability to provide a highly accurate locked starting frequency and then uses the sweeper s ability to sweep wide frequency ranges This combination gives significantly better accuracy for broad sweeps than a sweeper alone Model 53445 Operation and Programming EMINET SYSTEMS 3 22 The 5344S attempts to lock the signal source to the selected Lock Roll Start frequency in the same manner as for CW Manual Lock operation If successful the 53445 holds the FM correction signal constant and sends a sweep trigger signal to the sweeper to start the sweep It then waits for an end of sweep signal derived from the sweeper s SWEEP OUT 10 voit ramp and repeats the lock trigger wait cycle The sweeper controls must be set properly to achieve the desired sweep from the locked starting frequency In Lock Roll mode the LOCKED light is lit continuously even though the signal is only locked at the start of each sweep 3 23 AUTO LOCK MODES SYSTEM CONTROLLER 3 24 The 5344A contains a portion of
55. ameter by the current Step Size SS DN Decrements the currently selected frequency parameter by the current Step Size SS The UP and DN commands may only be used to change frequency parameters including the Markers The 53445 will ignore any attempt to increment a time parameter such as Sweep Time To increment a parameter not currently selected specify the parameter followed by the UP or DN command such as CWUP CFDN DFUP FBDN FAUP SPDN SRUP LRDN M4DN When incrementing the different parameters there is a possibility of incrementing beyond the 53445 lock range If this occurs the 5344A will display Err 01 and if the 1 command is used a Service Request will be generated The signal source must be tuned manually or over the HP IB to within the 53445 lock range RESET RS RT Restarts the locking algorithm RS will not return the 53445 to local RT is the same as RS MANUAL LOCK LK 1 0 Sets Manual Lock ON or OFF The LK command may be part of a command string or placed ona separate line Sending the LK 1 command does not guarantee the 53445 will lock LK1 tells the 53445 to make an attempt to lock If the signal source is within the lock range Lock will be achieved If not the 5344A will light the FREQ or FREQ LO annunciator The signal source must be tuned manually or over the HP IB if possible Auto Lock cannot be remotely programmed 3 70 Model 53445 Operation and Programming
56. and enables the use of a Frequency Multiplier See paragraph 3 89 PROCESSOR INTERFACE Connector Provides the electrical connections for the interface cable between the 5344A and the counter WAR ANY INTERRUPTION OF THE PROTECTIVE GROUNDING CONDUCTOR INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE INSTRUMENT OR OR DISCONNECTING OF THE PROTECTIVE EARTH TERMINAL IS LIKELY TO MAKE THE INSTRUMENT DANGEROUS See paragraph 2 14 3 106 Function Key Operation 3 107 Pressing any FUNCTION key Figure 3 6 results in termination of any other parameter display or change in progress The indicator light in the previously selected function key is turned off The light associated with the newly selected parameter is turned on and the selected value of that parameter is displayed except as mentioned for marker frequencies and the Frequency Multiplier which require that a digit key also be pressed before the value can be displayed Once the parameter is displayed it can be changed via the Numeric Entry Keys all parameters Increment Decrement keys frequency parameters only except STEP SIZE or the Tuning Knob all parameters except FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER 3 108 5344A Display While Locked 3 109 In LOCK mode the 5342A 43A front panel displays the following as listed in Table 3 4 Table 3 4 5344A Display While Locked 5342 5343A Display T Cw CW Frequency CF AF CF Frequency START STOP Start Frequency LOCK ROLL LOCK ROLL STA
57. ault to the closest limit Model 5344S Operation and Programming SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER FM The 53445 enters and displays the Frequency Multiplier e i i The Frequency Multiplier can have a value of 1 to 99 If the FM is set to a value of 1 the 53445 j automatically determine the FM if it falls in the range of 1 to 4 An error will be displayed on the 5344A if the FM is determined to be greater than 4 If this occurs the FM must be manually calculated and entered with the FM command 9 VALUE Sending the command M9 Marker 9 will not select FM The Subharmonic Mode command SH1 must be sent to allow the use of Frequency Multipliers ACQUIRE 2 The AQ command causes the 53445 to enter and display the current frequency being counted by the counter The 53445 will enter this frequency into the various modes as follows If CW is selected the AQ frequency becomes the CW value if CF AF is selected only the CF can be acquired c In START STOP if 1 START SR or FA is selected the AQ frequency becomes the Start value 2 STOP SP or FB is selected the AQ frequency becomes the Stop value d if Lock Roll LR is selected the AQ frequency becomes the Lock Roll Start value UP DN Increment Decrement 3 69 Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES Continued UP Increments the currently selected frequency par
58. ay be in a powered up state on the bus if SYS CONT isselected When the top switch is not in the SYS CONT position the 5344S may be programmed remotely vai HP IB by any bus controller The bottom five switches are used to set an HP IB address in binary bottom switch is the LSB HP IB addresses must be in the range 0 30 binary 0000 11110 If all of the address switches are in the 1 position the 53445 will use address 30 If system controller mode is selected top switch in SYS CONT position the HP IB address switches should be set to the address of the sweeper to becontrolled in AUTO LOCK If system controller mode is disabled the HP IB address switches determine the address by which the 53445 is accessed on the bus by a remote controller The unmarked switch is not used Refer to paragraph 3 151 HP IB Address Selection for more details This connector provides the frequency correction signal FM needed to maintain the locked frequency output of the signal source It mustbe connected to theFM input of the signal source or locked operation This connector provides the signal necessary to control the sweeper in LOCK ROLL mode It must be connected to the EXT TRIGGER connector on the sweeper or optionally STOP SWEEP on the 8350A This connector must be connected to the IF OUT signal provided on the rear panel of the 5342A 43A This connector must be connected to the FREQ STD OUT 10 MHz signal provided on the rear panel of th
59. case 80 ms after frequency entered Narrow FM 200 ms worst case Normal FM 530 ms worst case Wide FM 2 4 s worst case 80 ms after frequency entered Automatic Amplitude Discrimination Automatically measures the largest of all signals present providing that signal is 6 dB above any signal within 500 MHz 20 dB above any signal 500 MHz 18 6 dB above any signal within 500 MHz 20 dB above any signal 5342A and 5343A 53445 Option 043 INPUT 2 TIME BASE MEE Frequency range 10 Hz to 520 MHz Direct Count Sensitivity 5002 10 Hz to 520 MHz 25 mV rms 1 10 Hz 25 MHz 50 mV rms Impedance Selectable 1 Mti lt 50 pF or 5012 NOMINAL Coupling ac Connector Type BNC female Maximum input 5002 3 5 Vrms 24 dBm 5 Vdc fuse protected 1 M11200 5 0 Vms Crystal frequency 10 MHz Stability Aging rate 5 x 10 day after 24 hour warm up Short term lt 1 x 10 for 1 5 aug time Temperature 7 x 10 over the range 0 C to 50 Line variation 1 10 for 10 change from nominal Warm up lt 5 x 10 of final value 20 minutes after turn on at 25 C Output frequency 10 MHz 2 4V square wave TTL com patible 1 5V peak to peak into 501 available from rear panel BNC External time base Requires 10 MHz 3 0V peak to peak 2 4V peak to peak TYPICAL sine wave or square wave into 1 via rear panel BNC connector Sw
60. d parameter If the 53445 is locked the value of the F1 parameter of the selected mode is taken as the new parameter and is immediately reflected in the lock operation Note that SWEEP TIME AF and FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER may not be acquired When SWEEP TIME is selected the ACQUIRE key is used to toggle the state of the sweep submode from CONTINUOUS to SINGLE or vice versa Increment Decrement Keys Up arrow 3 Down arrow 9 Pressing the increment or decrement key results in the selected STEP SIZE being added to or subtracted from the currently selected parameter The 53445 display is updated and if the 53445 is in LOCK mode the new parameter is immediately reflected in the lock operation The increment and decrement keys may not be used to change SWEEP TIME or FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER Tuning Knob RPG The tuning knob may also be used to adjust all 53445 parameters except FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER Turning the knob clockwise increases the value of the parameter and turning the knob counter clockwise decreases the value The 5344S display is updated and if the 53445 is in LOCK mode the new value of the parameter is reflected immediately in the lock operation The rate of change in the value being adjusted with the tuning knob is affected by the selected state of the FINE COARSE key and the rate at which the knob is being turned FINE COARSE Key Pressing the FINE COARSE key toggles the state of the FINE COARSE indicator light in
61. d as the parameter Entering MKR FREQ 9 displays the selected frequency multiplier A new multiplier may then be entered with the numeric digit keys Entry of the multiplier is completed by pressing either units key GHz s or MHz ms The frequency multiplier must be an integer between 1 and 99 Any entered fraction will be truncated STEP SIZE Selects the STEP SIZE parameter for display change Numeric Entry Keys 0 9 GHz s MHz ms One means of changing the currently selected parameter is to enter a new value with the numeric entry keys The general sequence of keystrokes is as follows First digit or decimals Pressing the first numeric entry key results in clearing the 5344S display of the selected value of the selected parameter and entering the value of the new first digit or the decimal point in the most significant position leftmost Subsequent digits or decimals Subsequent depression of a digit key results in the new digit being displayed on the right of the value entered previously Pressing the decimal point key results in the decimal point appearing in the rightmost digit position of the value entered Only one decimal point may be entered Any others after the first are ignored Also only 11 digits be entered Additional digits will be ignored GHz s MHz ms One of the units keys must be pressed following entry of the numeric value If the currently selected parameter is a frequency the GHz
62. e the state of the 5344S re mains as it was prior to receipt of the LOCAL message except for LOOP BANDWIDTH which defaults to Wide and Subharmonic mode which defaults to NORM Any partially entered HP IB data message is aborted i i i i NOTE The 5344A does not respond to any messages other than REMOTE and serial polls see STATUS BYTE when in LOCAL operation c LOCAL Disables the 5344A RESET key The 5344A remains in remote operation until LOCKOUT a LOCAL or CLEAR LOCKOUT amp LOCAL message is received on the bus The LOCAL LOCKOUT message can be used to maintain absolute programmatic control of the 53445 d GOTO Returns the 53445 to front panel control following a LOCAL LOCKOUT LOCAL message Otherwise the state of the 53445 remains as it was prior to receipt AND of the CLEAR LOCKOUT amp message Any partially entered 1 data mes CLEAR sage is aborted LOCAL LOCKOUT ABORT Terminates any activity and returns control to the system controller The 5344A interface is reset to the state entered when remote operation is first enabled 53445 parameters and lock state remain as they were before the ABORT message Any partially entered HP IB data message is aborted 3 58 CLEAR TRIGGER SERVICE REQUEST Model 53445 Operation and Programming em Aborts any partially entered HP IB data message Used in LOCK ROLL mode to release lock a
63. e 5342A 43A Input Power Module AC input power module permits operation from 100 120 220 240 volts ac The number visible in the module window indicates nominal line voltage to which the instrument must be connected see Figure 2 1 The protective grounding conductor connects to the instrument through this module i Model 53445 Operation and Programming 2 ane H pr tU PN ue d Li VUE TE 217 p 6 0 0 0 e99999 9 ototo 959600 254 ef ee e 10 BAZ IN sa 7 ji t B 5 2 x 5 Figure 3 6b REAR PANEL FEATURES See Page 3 21 Model 53445 Operation and Programming LOOP BANDWIDTH WB NB WIDE BAND NARROW BAND This switch sets locking loop bandwidth to about 100 kHz WB recommended for sweepers or to about 20 kHz NB recommended for signal generators in CW mode only The NB mode often yields better phase noise performance but the WB mode is recommended to lock noisier sources like sweepers or any source when sweeping The position of the LOOP BANDWIDTH switch is indicated by the MANUAL or AUTO LOCK key light when in LOCK mode If the switch is in the wideband WB position the LOCK light is always on In narrowband NB the light flashes slowly SUBHMNC NORM SUBHARMONIC NORMAL MODE Switch This switch when in the SUBHMC position defeats the upper and lower frequency limits
64. e to use TS1 mE RMO 53445 will not generate a Service Request RM1 53445 generates a Service Request when Out Of Lock LK1 must be active for 1 to generate a Service Request RM2 53445 generates a Service Request when at End Of Sweep RM3 53445 generates a Service Request when Out Of Lock or at End of Sweep LK1 must be active for RM3 to generate a Service Request when Out Of Lock j
65. ead Operating Information Manual 5344A0 2314 14862 15882 2415 16260 243 8 16334 Model 53445 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Tite Page i GENERAL INFORMATION 1 1 1 1 Introduction x 014 1 4 Instruments Covered by Manual 2 1 1 1 7 Operating Manual 1 1 1 9 Specifications 1 1 1 12 Safety Considerations 1 5 1 14 Equipment Supplied ERE 1 5 1 16 Equipment Available 1 5 1 18 Description iss seco Mies ree Ener aes BESS 1 5 1 20 Model Numbers 5 05 ade SaaS VR UY 1 6 1 22 Optlons RRL EMEA RET UN 1 6 1 24 Ordering Special 53445 Combinations 1 7 1 28 Operation of Counter Options with the 5344A 1 7 1 31 Recommended Test Equipment 2 1 8 li INSTALLATION 5 2 1 2 1 Introduction 2 1 2 3 Unpacking and Inspection 2 1 2 5 Preparations for Use ii ER rx Ere pd 2 1 2 6 Power Requirements 2 1 2 8 Line Voltage Selection 2 1 2 14 Power viter eed nas E EXER EVE 2 2 2 16 Operating Environment 2 4 2 19 Mating Counter to 5344 2 4 2 21 Compatibility with 5342A 43A Counters
66. echniques to generate the output signal 1 Yttrium lron Garnet YIG Tuned Oscillator YTO YTO and fixed frequency Cavity Oscillator YTO and a GaAs FET Doubler YTO and a YIG Tuned Multiplier YTM ve YN A combination of the above 3 61 The following paragraphs provide descriptions of typical plug ins and describe basic block diagrams The blocks indicate specific plug ins that use a technique but certain sections of the block are deleted 3 62 Basic YTO 3 63 The basic YTO plug in as shown in Figure 3 1 generates frequencies over a single band The YTO is voltage controlled over for example the range of 5 9 GHz to 12 4 GHz The YTO output is fed to the front panel of the plug in possibly through an amplifier as the RF OUT An FM input on the rear panel allows external voltages to be used to vary the YTO frequency over a small range pe i gt FRONT PANEL RF OUT YTO 2 8 4 GHz or i Meo om tn AMPLIFIER ATTENUATOR 2 8 4 GHz e g 83540A 997126052 5 9 12 4 GHz e g 83545A Figure 3 1 Basic YIG Tuned Oscillator Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 64 Basic YTO and Fixed Frequency Cavity Oscillator 3 65 To generate frequencies below the YTO s frequency range the output of the YTO is mixed with a fixed frequency Cavity Oscillator as shown in Figure 3 2 The difference frequency between the YTO and the Cavity Oscillator is fed to the front panel as the RF OUT For exam
67. ecified performance SIGNAL FROM 5344A TO 8640 FM OUT FM IN CR2 Zener Diode 2 87 V 5 400 mW power dissipation HP Part Number 1902 3024 or equivalent GROUND Figure 3 7 5344A 8640A B Interface Circuit 3 29 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 30 3 133 DETAILED OPERATING MODES 3 134 Figures 3 8 through 3 16 detail the four modes of operation in Manual Lock and in Auto Lock mode These figures include all required interconnections and operating procedures This assumes the 5344A and 5342A 43A have been connected per paragraph 2 19 These examples use the HP 8350A Sweep Oscillator and an 83592A 01 to 20 0 GHz Change the parameters of the examples to fit your sweeper s frequency range 3 135 The signal level at the input of the counter should be as specified in Table 1 1 Specifications Power splitters and directional couplers attenuate the signal level so be sure there is sufficient signal for the counter input When placing an attenuating device in series with the signal would cause the level to drop below the required level a feature called Subharmonic Locking is provided This allows the signal source s output to be used without any attenuating devices Figure 3 17 details the Subharmonic Locking and Figure 3 18 details the Frequency Offset Locking mode 3 136 Common Control Problems 3 137 Most sweep oscillators have controls and functions that if inadvertently turned on may cause problems
68. eep The CW frequency is displayed and may be changed when the F1 key is lit CE AF Indicates that the 53445 is in CF AF mode frequency is swept from CF AF 2to CF AF 2 The center frequency is displayed and may be changed when the F1 key is lit The sweep width is displayed and may be changed when the F2 key is lit STRT STOP Indicates that the 53445 is in START STOP mode frequency swept from START to STOP The start frequency is displayed and may be changed when the F1 key is lit The stop frequency is displayed and may be changed when the F2 key is lit LK R Indicates that the 5344S is in LOCK ROLL mode frequency locked at L R START then released to allow sweeper to control sweep The starting lock frequency is displayed and may be changed when the F1 key is lit NOTE The MODE key scrolls through the four modes listed above When the MODE key is pressed the mode changes from CW to CF AF CF AF to START STOP START STOP to LOCK ROLL LOCK ROLL to CW See MODE KEY As the mode changes the previous frequency parameters are carried into the new mode CW AF STOP START START CF AF 2 STOP CF AF 2 L R START START CW L R START STOP START 2 Display Digits The 5344A display contains 11 digit positions The display is used to show the value of the currently selected 53445 parameter It is also used to indicate any error conditions arising during operation The rightmost decimal point is used to indica
69. eeper is properly aligned the actual output frequency should be within the 53445 lock range If the actual frequency is not within the lock range the 5344A will alter the bus code in an attempt to bring the sweeper within lock range If the 5344A is unsuccessful Err 11 will be displayed on the 5344A 3 180 The address of the 5344A and the sweeper must be set to the same value 3 181 53445 cannot be operated in Auto Lock Roll with an 8620 series sweeper 3 182 For HP IB interface capability in System Controller Mode see Table 3 14 SH1 AHT T4 L2 SRO RLO PPO DCO DTO C1 2 3 4 27 E1 Table 3 14 HP IB Interface Functions System Controller Mode Inter ace Function A Subset Indentifier Interface Function Description SH1 Complete Source Handshake Capability Complete Acceptor Handshake Capability Talker Basic Talker No Serial Poll No Talk Only Doesn t Unaddress If MLA Listener Basic Listener No Listen Only Doesn t Unaddress to Listen If No Service Request Capability No Complete Remote Local Capability No Parallel Poll Capability No Complete Device Clear Capability No Device Trigger Capability System Controller Capability Send IFC and Take Charge Send REN Responds to SRQ Send Interface Message Cannot Receive Control Cannot Pass Control to Self No Parallel Poll Can Take Control Synchronously Open Collector Outputs 3 183 53445 acts as a sys
70. eing mixed with the Cavity Oscillator Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the CW annunciators lights The F1 key will light indicating the 5344A is waiting for a CW frequency value Figure 3 18 Frequency Offset Locking 3 54 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press MHz ms The 5344A should display 10 000000 MHz Press the MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light If the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of the 8350A until the 5344A locks If the FREQ HI annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5344A locks Notice that the counter is now displaying the actual output frequency of the plug in although it s counting the rear panel AUX OUT The counter display is offset by the Cavity Oscillator value so the true output and the counter s display are the same When the 53445 is not locked or either MANUAL LOCK or AUTO LOCK are off the counter will always display the true frequency it is counting When Lock is achieved the counter display will be offset so it displays the actual front panel output frequency Above 2 4 GHz the 83592A plug in does not use the Cavity Oscillator so frequency Offset Locking is limited to the range where the output of the plug in is generated by mixing it with a fixed frequency oscillator If AUTO LOCK was being used the 8350A would have been automatically programmed
71. ent on the source The STOP frequency must be areater than or equal to START frequency If the source frequency is too far from the desired frequency range the user must tune Manual Lock source or the 53445 will automatically tune Auto Lock via the HP IB The LOCKED light indicates a locked sweep condition Marker signals are available within the swept range Accuracy CF AF and START STOP modes Start or Stop Frequencies 1 kHz TYPICAL Linearity 0 05 of sweep with respect to Sweep Out voltage TYPICAL Resolution 1 Hz for CF AF START and STOP frequencies Sweep Time Available in CF AF and START STOP modes Continuously adjustable from 10 ms to 100 s When sweep time is selected user may toggle between continuous and single sweep by pressing the ACQUIRE key The RESET key initiates a sweep when in single sweep sub mode Marker Frequencies Available and START STOP modes Up to four frequency markers are settable across the swept band Markers are adjustable with the control knob data entry keyboard or step keys to 1 Hz resolution Accuracy 0 3 of sweep width TYPICAL Marker Output Rectangular pulse 5 volts peak TYPICAL available from the Z axis Out connector on front panel Source impedance approximately 500 ohms LOCK ROLL Manual Lock or Auto Lock Sweep is phase locked by the 5344S to a precise start frequency and then control is transferred to the sweeper to complete the sweep The source dete
72. er If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency range the 53445 tunes it via HP IB as in CW mode When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator is turned on If lock is lost the 5344S turns off the LOCKED annunciator and attempts to adjust the signal source via HP IB to regain lock If the signal source cannot attain the desired frequency an error indication is displayed on the 5344A The sweep must not cross 500 MHz 650 MHz or 800 MHz as described in paragraph 3 50 3 29 A marker signal is generated for any 53445 marker frequencies selected as described in paragraph 3 45 3 30 Start Stop in Auto Lock 3 31 The 5344S attempts to achieve a locked sweep of the signal source from the selected START to the selected STOP frequency using SWEEP TIME selected by the user If the STOP frequency is less than START or STOP START is too large an error indication is displayed on the 5344A If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency range the 53445 tunes it via HP IB as in CW mode When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator is turned on If lock is lost the 53445 turns off the LOCKED annunciator and attempts to adjust the signal source via HP IB to regain lock If the signal source cannot attain the desired frequency an error indication is displayed on the 5344A The sweep must not cross 500 MHz 650 MHz or 800 MHz as described in paragraph 3 50 3 3 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 32 mar
73. ess a marker has been previously entered the 5344A should display 0 000000 MHz This indicates Marker 1 is OFF Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press DNE CUR The marker should now be seen on the oscilloscope screen as an intensified dot Now rotate the RPG knob clockwise and note the dot moves toward the right side of the sweep trace The Marker 1 frequency is being increased toward the Stop frequency When the marker frequency equals the Stop frequency or it violates minimum marker spacing restrictions described in paragraph 3 47 Err 02 is displayed and the marker is ignored Figure 3 16 Markers Continued Model 5344S Operation and Programming Now rotate the RPG knob counter clockwise The marker will reappear on the trace Move the marker towards the Start frequency Again when the marker is too close to the Start frequency or it violates the minimum separation restrictions described in paragraph 3 46 the marker will disappear However when the marker is too close to the Start frequency no error is displayed Move marker 1 up to 2 01 GHz As described in steps 13 and 15 select Marker 2 and place it at 2 030 GHz You should now see two dots on the sweep trace Again using the RPG knob move Marker 2 down towards Marker 1 Notice that when Marker 2 becomes too close to Marker 1 Marker 2 disappears Whenever any two markers conflict the higher frequency conflicting marker is ignored The marker will always return once the
74. fficult if not impossible 3 89 Frequency Multiplier 3 90 If a Frequency Multiplier of 1 has been entered and Subharmonic Locking mode is enabled the 53445 calculates an internal subharmonic integer by dividing the entered locking frequency by the selected signal source frequency as measured by the 5342A 43A If this result is close to an integer typically 1095 the 5344A rounds it and uses it as the Frequency Multiplier If the 5344A determines the Frequency Multiplier to be greater than 4 it will display Err 09 indicating that it cannot determine the multiplier and the correct value must be manually entered 3 91 To manually enter a Frequency Multipler Marker 9 is selected and then the multiplier is entered and terminated by pressing any one of the unit keys GHz s MHz ms 3 92 The Frequency Multiplier number is applied to all frequencies entered into the 5344A except for AF and Step Size 3 93 MODE Switch NORM SUBHMNC on Rear Panel 3 94 Since there is a possibility of locking to the wrong frequency if the sweeper is mistuned a switch is provided to disable the Subharmonic Locking mode The switch should be set to NORM if 1 The plug in does not use frequency multiplication 2 The plug in uses frequency multiplication but the 5342A 43A is connected to the panel RF output 3 There is a desire to utilize the subharmonic signal but you prefer to enter the sub harmonic frequency on the 5344A rather than the
75. fset active This allows the 53445 System to operate completely under remote control 3 176 To summarize the following is the basic procedure for remote operation of Frequency Offset Locking Set both the counter and 5344A to Local b Place the counter into Remote Send the code string to enter the required frequency offset For example if 3 8 GHz must be subtracted the code string SOM 3800EOM1 would be sent c Place the 5344A into Remote and send the desired commands When the 5344A goes Remote the counter will automatically go to Local The frequency offset will still be active in the counter Remember to send the SH1 command activate Subharmonic mode 3 73 Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS 3 74 3 177 SYSTEM CONTROLLER MODE AUTO LOCK 3 178 In the Auto Lock mode there is no calculator or computer controlling the HP IB Instead the 5344A is placed in the System Controller mode by setting the rear panel ADDRESS switch to the SYS CONT position The 5344A HP IB connector is connected directly to the HP IB connector of the 8350A or 8620C Option 011 Sweep Oscillator No other powered up controllers may be connected to the bus 3 179 The 5344A now has the ability to program the sweep parameters based on data entered on the 5344A keyboard For instance 2 GHz is entered into the 5344A keyboard in the CW Mode When the AUTO LOCK key is pressed the 5344A will program the sweeper to 2 GHz Provided the sw
76. generate frequencies beyond the 53445 range 3 76 In Subharmonic Locking Mode instead of counting the front panel sweeper RF OUT to determine the necessary correction voltage the 5344S counts the rear panel AUX OUT YIG output This AUX OUT is directly related to the front panel RF OUT being either asubharmonic or offset by a specific value This allows the front panel RF OUT to be used at its full power capabilities Subharmonic Locking Mode cannot be used if the YIG output signal is not available before any multiplication heterodyning or modulation Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 77 In Subharmonic Locking Mode the AUX OUT YIG fundamental is applied to the counter input Then the rear panel SUB HMNC NORM switch is placed in the SUB HMNC position This performs two functions 1 enables the use of a Frequency Multiplier number and 2 extends the 5344A s upper and lower numeric input limits Frequencies not equal to the front RF OUT but harmonically related and frequencies above 18 GHz 5342A or 26 5 GHz 5343A can be entered The 53445 compares the entered frequency on the 5344A to the frequency being applied to the counter and determines the Frequency Multiplier number required provided this number is within the range of 1 to 4 If the Frequency Multiplier number required is greater than 4 it must be entered manually The highest allowable value is 99 See Frequency Multiplier paragraph 3 89 3
77. h as the 8620A B C 8640A B 8683A B 8684A B and 1 5 Model 53445 General Information 1 6 8350A Refer to Tables 3 7 and 3 8 for details on compatible sweep generators and plug ins respectively The front panel keyboard of the 5344A provides controls to 1 Select a specific frequency to 1 Hz resolution 2 Select a center frequency and sweep over a range of 20 MHz Sweep time is also selectable 3 Select a Start and Stop frequency and sweep over this range Sweep time is also selectable 4 Make wideband sweeps limited only by the sweep oscillators range 5 Generate up to four markers during locked sweeps CF AF and Start Stop NOTE If the 5344A is to be added to an existing 5342A or 5343A option 001 high stability oscillator should be installed in the counter Option 001 determines the stability of the system and is required to maintain its integrity In addition the rear panel IF OUT connector must be modified as described in paragraph 2 23 The required materials for this modification are supplied with the 53445 Option 142 1 20 Model Numbers 1 21 This manual contains operating information for the 5344S Microwave Source Synchronizer However at various points it is necessary to discuss different instruments that comprise the 53445 To help clarify this the following model numbers are used throughout the manual 5344S Used when discussing the complete system counter and 5344A 5342A or 5343A Used w
78. he 5344A will now program the 8350A to the specified Start Frequency and then sweep from Start to Stop The LOCKED annunciator should light If the 8350A actual output frequency is not within the lock range of the 5344A the 534A will begin stepping the frequency in an attempt to bring it within range If it is unsuccessful Err 11 will be displayed This is a possible indication that the 8350A and or its plug in is out of electrical alignment Counting Markers or Stop frequency If the counter being used with the 5344A is a 5343A the markers or Stop frequency of the sweep can be counted during Lock and Roll The following connections are required for this feature With the preferred method 8350A CNTR TRIG to the 5343A rear panel SWP INTFC A 8350A STOP SWEEP to the 5343A rear panel SWP B Figure 3 15 Lock and Roll in AUTO LOCK Continued 3 47 Model 53445 Operation and Programming With the optional method 8350A CNTR TRIG to the 5343A SWP INTFC A After setting up the Lock Roll sweep you can count the markers or Stop frequency by 1 Pressing STOP on the 8350A This selects which parameter is to be measured by the 5343A blue key on the 8350 This enables the counter interface function on the 8350 2 Pressing Whenever the 53445 Option 043 is locked in Lock Roll the sweeper interface function of the 53445 is automatically enabled If the 5344S is not locked simply press SWP M on the 5343A to enable the
79. he F1 key will light indicating the 5344A is waiting for a START frequency value The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass STRT STOP continue pressing MODE until you return to 5 5 Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz The 53445 always assumes that the remaining unentered digits are zero Thus 1 Hz resolution always occurs Figure 3 10 Start Stop in Manual 3 35 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 6 Press the F2 key on the 5344A The LED inside the key will light to indicate that it is waiting for a STOP frequency to be entered and the entered value will be shown on the display 7 Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press Hee 2 040000000 GHz To see the START Frequency value press key F1 Unless Numeric Entry keys are pressed the value will remain unchanged If an invalid value is entered the previous value will remained unchanged If a value outside of the limits is entered the value will default to the closest limit SWP TIME Press the 5344A e key The LED inside the key will light to indicate that the 5344A is waiting for Sweep Time value to be entered the 5344A should display Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press C 6 9 Press the 5344A MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light the 5344A will display If the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of
80. he YTO frequency a range of 18 GHz to 26 5 GHz can be generated The doubled signal is fed to the front panel as the RF OUT The YTO signal is fed to the rear panel as the AUX OUT The AUX OUT signal is always 1 2 of the YTO frequency The rear panel FM input allows the YTO frequency to be varied over a small range The stability of this technique is limited by the stability of the YTO Pp x2 IE 9 FRONT PANEL RF OUT 18 26 5 GHz YTO GaAs FET AMPLIFIER ATTENUATOR 9 13 25 GHz DOUBLER e g 83570A REAR PANEL AUX OUT 9 13 25 GHz Figure 3 3 YIG Tuned Oscillator and GaAs FET Doubler E 3 68 YTO and YIM 3 69 To generate frequencies above the YTO s frequency range the output of the YTO is applied to a YIG Tuned Multiplier as shown in Figure 3 4 The YTM multiplies the YTO output in integer steps 2 amp 3 By varying the YTO frequency and the YTM value a range of 2 GHz to 18 6 GHz can be generated The multiplier output from the YTM is fed to the front panel as RF OUT The YTO is fed to the rear panel as the AUX OUT Also located on the rear panel is an FM input to allow the YTO frequency to be varied over a small range The rear panel AUX OUT YTO is always a subharmonic of the front panel RF OUT except when generating the 2 GHz to 6 2 GHz range In this case the RF OUT and AUX OUT frequencies are equal The stability of the technique is limited by the stability of the YTO ae u i H gt FRONT PANEL m RF OUT
81. hen discussing the counter only 5344A Used when discussing the 5344A instrument only 1 22 OPTIONS 1 23 5344A Source Synchronizer is typically ordered with 5342A Microwave Frequency Counter as the 53445 System However several options are available with the 53445 such as deleting the 5342A Microwave Frequency counter and replacing it with the 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter Option 043 Table 1 4 lists the available options for the 5344S Table 1 4 Available 53445 Options Description Standard 5344A and 5342A Option 001 011 Microwave Frequency Counter 142 5344A Source Synchronizer Only deletes the 5342A Microwave Frequency Counter Includes all interfacing hardware and materials to modify IF OUT BNC See paragraph 2 23 043 Deletes 5342A Microwave Frequency Counter and replaces it with a 5343A Counter 908 Adds Rack Mount Flange Kit 910 Adds an extra set of manuals Adds Rack Mount Flange Kit with Handles 5342A Option 001 and 5343A Option 001 adds the High Stability Oscillator 10544A 5342A Option 011 and 5343A Option 011 adds Hewlett Packard Interface HP IB 53445 System containing a 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter can be operated to 26 5 GHz The 5343A will include Option 001 and 011 Mod General Info 1 24 Ordering Special 53445 Combinations 1 25 The 5342A and 5343A each have options available as listed in Table 1 5
82. his manual may have a serial prefix that is not listed on the title page This unlisted serial prefix indicates that the instrument is different from those documented in this manual The manual for this instrument is supplied with a yellow Manual Changes supplement that contains change information that documents the differences Older instruments have lower serial prefix numbers and the differences are described in Section VII 1 7 OPERATING MANUAL 1 8 Packaged with this manual is an Operating Information Supplement This is a copy of the first three sections of this manual This supplement should be kept with the instrument for use by the operator Additional copies of the Operating Information Supplement or the Operating and Service Manual can be ordered through your nearest Hewlett Packard Sales and Support Office a list of these offices is provided at the end of the manual The part numbers are listed on the title page of this manual 1 9 SPECIFICATIONS 1 10 The specifications for the 53445 are listed in Table 1 1 These specifications are the performance standards or limits against which the 53445 may be tested 1 11 Also listed on the title page of this manual following the Operating and Service Manual and the Operating Information Supplement part numbers are the Microfiche part numbers for these publications These numbers can be used to order 4 X 6 inch microfilm transparencies of these publications The Microfiche package includes
83. hrough the four modes of operation If you pass CW continue pressing MODE until you return to CW 5 Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz s The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz 53445 always assumes that the remaining unentered digits are zero Thus 1 Hz resolution always occurs Figure 3 8 CW in Manual 3 31 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 32 6 Press the 5344A MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light 7 lf the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 25 MHz The 53448 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency 8 If the FREQ HI annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 25 MHz The 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency 9 Notice that when either the FREQ Hl or FREQ LO annunciators are on indicating that tuning is required the resolution on the counter decreases to 1 KHz This allows a very fast update of the counter display making tuning quicker and easier NOTE The 53445 will display error code Err 01 if the frequency of the sweeper is changing too fast for the 53445 to follow This may occur for the following reasons a The sweeper is sweeping b or when manually tuning the sweeper it is being tuned too quickly Figure 3 8 CW in Manual Continued Model 53
84. ify the plug in s CW Filter is off Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the CF AF annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass CF AF continue pressing MODE until you return to CF AF The LED inside the F1 key will light Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz Figure 3 13 CF AF in AUTO LOCK 3 42 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Press the F2 key on the 5344A The LED inside the key will light to indicate that it is waiting for datato be entered and the entered value will be shown on the display Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press MHz ms The 5344A should display 20 000000 MHz If you want to see the Center Frequency value press key F1 Unless Numeric Entry keys are pressed the value will remain unchanged If an invalid value is entered the previous value will remain unchanged If a value outside of the limits is entered the value will default to the closest limit Press the 5344A SWP TIME key The LED inside the key will light to indicate that the 5344A is waiting for a Sweep Time value to be entered Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press C CJ 9 9 the 5344A will display 100 ms Press the 5344 AUTO LOCK key The 5344A will now program the 8350A to the specified CF frequency and then sweep over the specified AF range The LOCKED annunciator should light If the
85. ignal of the 5342 43 counter is locked to the frequency or swept entered on the 5344A keyboard When lit shows that the 5344A has been selected for HP IB programming See Remote Programming Via the HP IB paragraph 3 138 These indicators show the selected 5344A HP IB status The TALK light indicates that the 5344A is the selected Talker on the HP IB This occurs only during Auto Lock and serial polls when the 5344 is being accessed remotely The LSN light indicates that the 5344A is currently addressed to listen on the HP IB This never occurs in Auto Lock mode The CONT light indicates that the 53445 in the SYSTEM CONTROLLER mode rear panel switch is in the SYS CONT position With the switch in the SYS CONT position the Auto Lock mode of the 53445 is enabled See Auto Lock Key No other HP IB system controller can be on the bus when the 53445 is in this mode CONTROLS FUNCTION KEYS MODE F2 SWP TIME 3 16 MODE cycles scrolls through the mode selection CW CF AF START STOP LOCK ROLL Each time the MODE key is pressed the mode advances one function The appropriate mode indicator is turned on and the F1 key is lit The 5344A parameter associated with F1 for the newly selected mode is displayed Selects the first mode parameter CW CF START LOCK ROLL START for display change Selects the second mode parameter AF STOP for display change F2 is ignored in CW mode and in LOCK ROLL is used
86. iplied so it displays the actual front panel output frequency NOTE The 53445 has no way of determining the amount by which the YTO is being multiplied before being sent to the front panel of the plug in The 53445 is dependent upon the CW value entered on the 5344A For example if the range is 2 to 5 GHz you could enter 20 GHz on 5344A front panel and then press MANUAL LOCK If the YTO was tuned close enough to a subharmonic of 20 GHz lock could be achieved The counter will display 20 GHz and nothing would appear wrong But what if the 8350A was set to 10 GHz The YTO would be at 5 GHz the 53445 would determine the Frequency Multiplier to be 4X5 GHz 20 GHz The YTO would still be at 5 GHz The 5344A and the counter would display 20 GHz but the 8350A is really generating 10 GHz The 53445 cannot detect that the 8350A is really at 10 GHz The easiest way to avoid this situation is to set the 8350A as close as possible to the true desired output frequency This way the YTO will require only a minor amount of tuning to achieve lock and the possibility of the 5344A determing the wrong multiplier is reduced AUTO LOCK would also avoid this since the 5344A programs the 8350A to the desired frequency A good practice is to compare the 5344A counter and 8350A display when using MANUAL LOCK The displays should be the same 14 If AUTO LOCK had been used the 5344A would have automatically programmed the 8350A t
87. is also halted until Lock is achieved NOTE The 5344S will display error code Err 01 if the frequency of the sweeper is changing too fast for the 53445 to follow This may occur for the following reasons a The 8350A is in SWEEP mode vs CW and is sweeping or b When manually tuning the 8350A to within 15 MHz it is being tuned too quickly Figure 3 9 CF AF in Manual Continued 3 34 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Description The 5344S will lock the sweeper to the specified Start Frequency and then sweep from the specified Start Frequency to the specified Stop Frequency by the specified Sweep Time The difference between the Start and Stop frequency must be less than 40 MHz The Sweep Time range is 10 ms 100 s Connections 1 Q Goo 0d 8350 SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL PLER i LOCKED SIGNAL Example Start Frequency STRT of 2 GHz and a Stop Frequency Stop STOP of 2 040 GHz Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off 1f AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350 DATA ENTRY keys press The 8350A should display 2 020 GHz and the 5342A should display approximately 2 02 GHz Using the 5344A Function keys press a MODE until STRT STOP annunciators lights T
88. isplay devices Is generated by the 5344A when in locked sweep modes or START STOP and is a direct coupled rectangular pulse of approximately 5 0 volts peak during retrace Intensity marker signals are also output through this connector At all other times is tied directly to Z Axis In Front panel BNC female connector Sweep In Accepts the sweep out signal from the sweeper as required in LOCK ROLL mode and ties it directly to the Sweep Out connector Otherwise has no effect Front pane BNC female connector Sweep Out Provides a linear ramp voltage from 0 to 10 volts synchronous with the swept RF output when in locked sweep mode or START STOP Otherwise Sweep Out is tied directly to Sweep In Front panel BNC female connector Sweep Trigger Output signal necessary in LOCK ROLL mode for connection to Ext Trigger connector on sweeper Signal is greater than 2V dc and wider than 2 ms TYPICAL Rear panel BNC female connector 10 MHz In Must be connected to the Freq Std Out 10 MHz from the rear panel of counter Rear panel BNC female connector IF In Must be connected to the IF Out signal from the rear panel of the counter Rear panel BNC female connector Operating Temperature 0 C to 50 C Power Requirements 100 120 220 240 V rms 5 10 48 66 Hz 125 VA max 5344A plus 100 VA Max 5342A Accessories Furnished Power cords 2 229 cm 7 1 2 ft BNC cables 2 46 cm 18 in Sweep trigger i
89. itch selects either internal or external time base GENERAL Accuracy 1 count ttime base error Resolution Front panel pushbuttons select 1 Hz to 1 MHz Residual stability When counter and source use common timebase or counter uses external higher stability timebase 4 10 rms TYPICAL Display 11 digit LED display sectionalized to read GHz MHz kHz and Hz Self check Selected from front panel pushbuttons Measures 75 MHz for resolution chosen Frequency offset Selected from front panel pushbuttons Displayed frequency is offset by entered value to 1 Hz resolution Sample rate Variable from less than 20 ms between measurements to HOLD which holds display indefinitely IF out Rear panel BNC connector provides 25 MHz to 125 MHz output of down converted microwave signal Remote Programming Interface HP IB Hewlett Packard s implementation of IEEE standard 488 Functions controlled All front panel functions with the except ion of the line switch and 500 IMA switch are programmable Shorthand interface function codes SH1 T1 L2 SR1 RL1 PPO DC1 DT1 CO 5343A Only 5344S Option 043 Multiply routine Selected from front panel pushbuttons Measured frequency is multiplied by any integer up to 99 Then offset can be added or subtracted for y mx b result Totalize Input 2 can totalize at rate up to 520 MHz Readout on the fly is controlled by front panel or HP IB External
90. iterals which must occur in the statement syntax exactly as shown NOTE Spaces are not included in all instances where they may occur Rather they are included as optional additions to the com mand string in places where clarity is gained by their use 3 161 Statement elements connected by lines can be followed in only one direction as indicated by the arrowhead at the end of the line Any combination of statement elements that can be generated by following the lines in the proper direction is syntactically correct SYSTEMS i j Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS COMMAND CODES INSTRUMENT PRESET Sets the 53445 to its power up conditions as follows LOCAL MODE CW CW Frequency 0 MARKERS 1 through 4 OFF all Marker Frequencies 0 SWEEP TIME 10 ms STEP SIZE 0 FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER 1 RM 0 The IP command must not be followed by any other commands or data including carriage returns or line feeds until the power up reset is complete These commands will be ignored The IP command should be placed on its own line CONTINUOUS WAVE Cw Sets the 53445 to CW mode The 53445 enters and displays the CW frequency mm VALUE The value may be a simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also be a simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc The exponent plus the multiplier must fall within
91. ker signal is generated for any 53445 marker frequencies selected as described in paragraph 3 45 3 33 Lock Roll in Auto Lock 3 34 The 53445 attempts to lock the signal source to the selected Lock Roll Start frequency in the same manner as for CW Auto Lock If successful the 5344A holds the FM correction signal constant and sends a sweep trigger signal to the sweeper to start the sweep It then waits for an end of sweep signal derived from the sweeper s SWEEP OUT 10V RAMP and repeats the lock trigger wait cycle The sweeper controls must be properly set to achieve the desired sweep from the locked starting frequency The 53445 only sets the sweeper close to the desired starting frequency via HP IB in this mode 3 35 Auto Lock Roll will operate only with the 8350A Sweep Oscillator 3 36 In Lock Roll the signal is locked only briefly at the start of each sweep It is possible for the sweeper settings to be changed during the unlocked portion of the sweep such that the starting frequency is changed by some near multiple of the selected 5342A 43A local oscillator frequency This would result in lock being regained at the end of the selected sweep even though the frequency is nowhere near that desired pressing Reset causes the 53445 to re lock to the desired frequency In Lock Roll the LOCKED light is normally lit continuously even though the signal is only locked at the start of each sweep 3 37 LOCKED SWEEPS CF AF and START STOP 3 38
92. lays the STEP SIZE frequency WE sz The value for SS may be simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also a simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc The exponent plus the multiplier must fall within the 53445 range such as 75 92 E 1 GZ 7 592 GHz The 55 frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343 If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters Only the first 11 digits are significant All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid Sending the SS command without a numerical value causes the 5344A to display the current Step Size The Step Size remains unchanged Entries outside of the limits default to the closest limit SWEEP TIME ST VALUE The 53445 enters and displays the Sweep Time value 5 The value for ST a simple number such as 10 25 9 101 etc The value may also be asimple number plus an exponent such as 9 79 E 1 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc A exponent plus a multiplier must fall within the 53445 range such as 990 1 ms 99 ms For any entry the ultimate value for Sweep Time will contain only one digit after the decimal point Consecutive digits are not rounded but instead are dropped The Sweep Time range is 10 ms to 100 s Entries outside of the limits def
93. lue calculated for Frequency Multiplier in Subharmonic Locking Mode a Sweeper is not tuned close enough to desired frequency to allow reliable automatic determination of harmonic number Solution Tune source closer to correct frequency Use AUTO LOCK System Controller b The 53445 has determined the harmonic number to be greater than four Solution Enter the Frequency Multiplier manually 3 25 i i i i i i i i i i i Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS 3 26 Table 3 6 ERROR Messages Continued System controller switch not set to SYS CONT for AUTO LOCK ADDRESS switch on rear panel Err 10 Set switch to SYS CONT Use Manual Lock Solution Err 11 Signal source cannot be tuned close enough via HP IB a Signal source HP IB port not connected to 5344A b 5344A HP IB address switch not set to address of signal source Signal source is not HP 8620C or HP 8350 d Desired frequency is not within range of installed plug in e 8620C has plug in installed that is not supported for Auto Lock 86210A 86220A 8621 AUTO LOCK cannot be achieved AUTO LOCK attempted in LOCK ROLL mode with 8620A B C sweeper Use Manual Lock Solution HP 1B address of sweeper and 5344A are not the same Err 13 Checksum error in power up ROM test Bad ROM number U1 U4 06 U8 also displayed Err 14 RAM fail
94. lue can be entered through the Data Entry Keyboard For incrementing or decrementing frequency values the Step Keys Step Up Step Down can be used The Step Size is defined by the user Bar Meter A front panei 10 segment center scale bar meter indicates the frequency correction signal from FM OUT connector being supplied to the signal source Operating Modes CW Manual Lock Source is manually tuned to within capture range of desired frequency Lock is achieved and is indicated when LOCKED light annunciator turns on If source frequency is outside capture range the FREQ HI or FREQ LO light turns on Auto Lock Source is tuned automatically by the 5344S via the HP IB to bring it into lock Note Refer to signal source compatibility chart for appropriate source CF AF Sweep Manual Lock or Auto Lock Performs a phase continuous locked sweep from CF 1 24F to 1 2 in a sweep time defined by the user Sweeps up to 40 MHz are available dependent on the source If source is too far from desired frequency range the user must tune source Manual Lock or the 5344S automatically tunes Auto Lock via the HP IB The LOCKED light indicates a proper locked condition Marker signals are available within the swept range START STOP Sweep Manual Lock or Auto Lock Performs a phase continuous locked sweep from START frequency to STOP frequency over a sweep time defined by the user Sweeps up to 40 MHz are available depend
95. m the sweeper It is tied directly to Z AXIS OUT within the 53445 except when the 53445 is locked in a locked sweep mode Then Z AXIS IN has no effect SWEEP IN This connector accepts the SWEEP OUT signal from the sweeper It is required in LOCK ROLL mode to allow end of sweep detection and is then tied directly to SWEEP OUT within 5344A SWEEP IN is also tied to SWEEP OUT at al other times except when the 53445 is locked in a locked sweep mode such as CW mode Then SWEEP IN has no effect POWER LINE OFF ON This switch applies power to the 5344A If the 5342A 5243A is already on the counter will go through its power up routine following the 5344A power up routine 3 19 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 6235 3 104 REAR PANEL FEATURES SYSTEMS 3 20 3 105 Figure 3 6b illustrates the 5344A rear panel features The function of each control is described as follows Connector Used to convey data and programming information IEEE 1978 Compatible See paragraph 3 138 ADDRESS Switches FM OUT SWP TRIG IF IN 10 MHz IN The HP IB address switch has seven individual switches six of which are actually used The top switch determines if the 53445 AUTO LOCK mode may be invoked from the front panel With the switch in the SYS CONT position the 53445 will act as an HP IB system controller to set sweeper parameters via HP IB when AUTO LOCK is pressed No other system controller m
96. n ON to return complete control to the 5342 This is not required with the 5343A 3 114 Power Up Self Check 3 115 On power up the 53445 performs its self test routine If all tests pass the 5344S performs its initialization and then passes control to the 5342A 43A which performs its own self test and proceeds to free run mode 5342A 43A counting 5344A idle 3 116 The power up values for 5344S parameters are as shown in Table 3 5 Table 3 5 53445 Power Up Parameters MODE CW CW STOP START 0 AF 0 MARKERS 0 SWEEP TIME 10 ms STEP SIZE 0 FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER 1 LOCK OFF RPG KNOB COARSE HP IB LOCAL RM 0 3 117 If during the power up self test a failure is detected an error code will be displayed on the 5344A as follows Ux ROM Failure oui rap aav RAM Failure where x is the reference designation of the defective ROM located on the A11 Main ROM Buffer Assembly 3 118 If one of these errors is displayed refer to Section VIII Service for further instructions Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 119 ERRORS AND END OF SWEEP EOS MESSAGES 3 120 When an operational error is detected by the 5344S such as an incorrect parameter an error message is displayed on the 5344A front panel The error message consists of Err followed by a two digit error number Table 3 6 describes each error condition and the probable causes for it Table 3 6 ERR
97. nd initiate a sweep and in CF AF and START STOP modes to initiate a locked sweep It is ignored in CW mode The HP IB controller should check the STATUS byte to ensure that lock has been achieved and end of sweep is indicated before sending the trigger message The TRT data message must have previously been sent to enable remote trigger operation When in remote operation the 53445 sends the SERVICE REQUEST message to the controller under the following conditions 1 The 53445 is in Lock mode but the input signal is not locked and the OUT OF LOCK bit has been set the SRQ mask register see RM data message Note that OUT OF LOCK does not generate the SERVICE REQUEST message in LOCK ROLL mode during the actual sweep It is only significant during the locked portion of the LOCK ROLL sequence 2 The 53445 is in a sweep mode CF AF START STOP LOCK ROLL the end of the sweep is detected and the END OF SWEEP bit has been set in the SRQ mask register see RM data message Note that if the TR1 data message has not been sent to the 53445 the SERVICE REQUEST message will be cleared as soon as the next sweep begins NOTE If the 53445 Single Sweep mode is enabled at the time the REMOTE message is received on the bus the 53445 will act as if it has also received data message If the data message is in effect when the 53445 returns to local operation the Single Sweep mode will be enabled
98. nection to the sweeper s EXT TRIGGER pin difficult Preferred Pin 9 of the 8350A Programming Connector to the 5344A rear panel SWP TRIG Use the supplied adapter HP Part No 8120 3545 Settings 8350A SWEEP mode in TIME 8350A SWEEP TRIGGER in EXT Optional 8350A rear panel STOP SWEEP to the 5344A SWP TRIG Settings 8350A SWEEP mode to TIME SWEEP PREFERRED TRIGGER PROGRAMMING CONNECTOR FM INPUT Q0 Ong 8 90 00 SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Figure 3 11 Lock and Roll in Manual 3 37 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Example Start Frequency F1 of 2 GHz and a Stop Frequency F2 of 4 GHz with a Sweep Time of 100 ms 4 3 38 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off If AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 Select Start Stop mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press START and then STOP and then SWEEP TIME and then 1 EXT trigger if the SWEEP TRIGGER is connected to the 8350A EXT TRIG INT or LINE trigger if the SWEEP TRIG is connected to the 8350A STOP SWEEP The 8350A should display 2 000 GHz on the START display 4 000 GHz on the STOP display and 0 100 SEC on the Frequency Time display Using the 5344A Function keys press a MODE until the LK R annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll
99. ng a large Pozidriv screwdriver remove the four screws securing the rear frame casting to the main frame struts Separate the rear frame casting tilting the top forward to allow access to the IF OUT BNC connector J4 Unsolder the IF OUT shielded cable from 4 Disconnect the opposite end of the cable from 27 2 located at the front of the instrument Cut the three grey tie wraps securing the cable bundle Remove the cable Replace the IF OUT cable with the new cable supplied 05344 60114 Connect the new cable to 27 2 and route it to the rear panel just as the original cable Resecure the cable bundle with the three supplied tie wraps 1400 0249 Remove the rear panel IF OUT BNC and replace it with the supplied BNC Secure the BNC firmly Slide the brass barrel 1 nylon spacer 2 and a brass sleeve 3 onto the IF OUT shielded cable as shown in Figure 2 4 D Q IF OUT Cable Assembly 05344 60114 Tie wrap 1400 0249 Figure 2 4 IF OUT Modification Insert the exposed wire into the center conductor of the BNC While holding the cable in position thread the BNC barrel onto the BNC Pulling the rear panel back should provide enough room to thread the barrel Tighten the barrel firmly Re assemble the counter by performing steps 2 through 6 in reverse order This completes the modification Model 53445 installation SYSTEMS 2 25 Interconnections 2 26 HEWLETT PACKARD
100. nstrument dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited HIGH VOLTAGE Warning These servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only To avoid dangerous electric shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so vii Model 5344S Safety Considerations vili CAUTIONS LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION BEFORE SWITCHING ON THIS INSTRUMENT make sure the instrument is set to the voltage of the power source Verify that the power module is matched to the available line voltage Verify that the correct fuse is installed GROUNDING BEFORE SWITCHING ON THIS INSTRUMENT ensure that all devices connected to this instrument are connected to the protective earth ground Grounding one conductor of a two conductor outlet is not sufficient N ATTENTION Z This symbol A which appears on the instrument means Read the instruction manual before operating the instrument If the instrument is operated without reading the instructions it may not operate correctly Model 53445 General Information 5342A 5344A 52445 SOURCE SYNCHRONIZER IF AND 10 MHz 18 CABLES 2 Part Number 8120 3370 8350A EXTERNAL SWEEP TRIGGER CABLE Part Number 8120 3545 NOTE Refer to Figure 4 1 for cable installation dtr Figure 1 1 Model 53445 Source Synchronizer and Equipment Supplied Model 53445 Gene
101. nterface cable for 8350A 1m 39 in Size 133 mm H x 426 mm W x 498 mm D 5 1 4 x 16 3 4 x 19 5 8 Weight Net 18 7 kg 41 Ibs Shipping 25 9 kg 57 lbs Signal Source Compatibility Chart HP Sweepers 8350A Sweep Oscillator MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK 8620A B and 8620C without Option 011 Sweep Oscillator MANUAL LOCK 8620C Option 011 Sweep Oscillator MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK except no AUTO LOCK ROLL 8683A B and 8684A B Signal Generators MANUAL LOCK Specifications describe the instrument s warranted performance TYPICAL or NOMINAL performance characteristics provide useful applications information but are not warranted 1 4 Model 53445 General Information 1 12 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 1 13 This product is used as part of a Safety Class instrument provided with a protective earth terminal Safety information pertinent to the operation and servicing of this instrument is included in appropriate sections of this manual 1 14 EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED 1 15 The equipment supplied with the 5344S is listed in Table 1 2 Table 1 2 Equipment Supplied Description Quantity Part Number 18 BNC BNC Cable See Figure 4 1 2 8120 3370 Processor Interface Cable See Figure 2 3 1 8120 3435 Power Cables 2 8120 1378 Front Handles 2 5060 9899 8350A External Sweep Trigger Cable 1 8120 3545 Locking Hardware 5344A to Counter 1 Front Link Locks 4 0050 0515 i
102. o 15 GHz Figure 3 17 Subharmonic Locking Mode Continued 3 53 Model 5344S Operation and Programming Description This procedure will demonstrate Frequency Offset Locking The actual front panel output frequency will be 10 MHz The rear panel AUX OUT YTO will be used for the locking signal Connections PROGRAMMING SWEEP CONNECTOR TRIGGER O Q OO OO 000 9000 8350A OUTPUT SWEEP GENERATOR LOCKED SIGNAL Example The 53445 will operate in CW mode and 10 MHz will be the locked frequency NOTE Since there is no control over the Cavity Oscillator in the plug in the output signal is not phase locked First determine the frequency of the Cavity Oscillator in the plug in For the 83592A it is 3 8 GHz Now enter the Cavity Oscillator frequency into the counter as an offset Since the 5342A and 5343A adds all offsets the value must be entered as negative On the counter front panel press SET OFS MHz ENTER a Now 3 8 GHz will be subtracted from all frequencies applied to the counter Set the 5344A rear panel Mode switch to the SUB HMNC position Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press C gt ms The 8350A should display 10 00 MHz Notice that the counter is not displaying 10 MHz but the frequency of the YTO before b
103. ocks so they are open to the rear of the counter Attach the locks to the top and bottom screw holes Using the remaining two 6 32 3 8 flat head screws attach the remaining link locks to the left side of the 5344A Orient the locks so they are open to the front of the 5344A Slide the counter and the 5344A together at the front frames The link locks will mate together Bring the rear frames together so the instruments are parallel Looking at the rear of the two instruments insert the processor interface cable with the red stripe up into the Processor interface connectors Orient the interface cable shield to align the square hole of the cover with the square mounts on the instrument s rear chassis frames Secure the processor shield with the four 6 32 7 16 pan head pozidriv screws and flat washers Using the two BNC BNC cables connect the counter FREQ STD OUT to the 5344A 10 MHz and the counter IF OUT to the 5344A IF IN Attach the handles and or rack flanges to the 53445 This completes the mating procedure Additional connections will be made to the instruments as applications are described Model 53445 Installation LINK LOCKS DETAIL A 5342A OR 5343A SCREWS 4 PROCESSOR INTERFACE CABLE Figure 2 3 Connecting 5344A to the 5342A or 5343A 2 21 Compatibility with 5342A 43A Counters 2 22 The 5344A is compatible with all standard 5342A and 5343A Microwave Frequency Counters Howe
104. ompanion instrument for the 5342A or 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter The operation of the 5342A 5343A Counter should be understood before attempting to operate the 53445 system For complete information on the 5342A or 5343A Microwave Frequency Counters refer to the Operating and Service Manuals for these instruments When appropriate the 5344 5 operating information is supplemented with 5342A 5343A operating information where necessary for clarity 3 4 The 5344A Source Synchronizer in combination with either a 5342A or 5343A Microwave Frequency Counter allows phase locking of a signal source to any frequency 1 Hz resolution in the high operating range of the counter used The desired lock frequency is selected via the 5344A keyboard and the signal source must be set within the specified capture range of that frequency in order for the 5344A to achieve lock This can be automatically achieved if the source is an HP 8350A or an HP 8620C with Option 011 3 5 The counter is fed a sample of the source signal to be locked The 5344A generates a correction signal for the signal source by comparing the phase of the down converted signal in the counter with an internal crystal controlled synthesizer The synthesizer may be swept over narrow ranges 40 MHz maximum and the signal source will follow remaining phase locked For wider sweeps with an 8620C or 8350A the source may be locked at the start of the sweep and the correction voltage held constant
105. only to invoke a special diagnostics mode See Table 8 9 for diagnostics Selects the SWEEP TIME parameter for display change When SWEEP TIME is selected it may also be used to toggle the sweep mode between SINGLE and CONTINUOUS by pressing the ACQUIRE key In CONTINUOUS sweep the 53445 initiates a new sweep immediately after the previous sweep ends In SINGLE sweep the 53445 waits for RESET to be pressed or a change in any sweep parameter before initiating a sweep SINGLE sweep sub mode is indicated by 5 5 being displayed in the two leftmost digit positions of the 5344A display whenever SWEEP TIME is selected Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS NOTE If the SWEEP TIME is greater than 50 seconds and AF or STOP START equals 1 Hz the resultant sweep will be invalid MKR FREQ Selects the marker frequency parameters or the frequency multiplier for display change The next key pressed should be 1 2 3 or 4 specifying which of the four markers isto be selected 0 specifying that all four markers are to be set to zero disabled or 9 specifying that the Frequency Multiplier is to be entered The display is cleared when the MKR FREQ key is pressed and remains blank until a valid digit 0 1 4 or 9 isentered The MKR FREQ light in the key also flashes until a valid digit is entered When MKR FREQ 0 is entered all four marker frequencies are immediately set to zero thus disabling them MKR FREQ 1 is then selecte
106. oper voltage levels and timing relationships must be maintained If the system cable is too long the lines cannot be drive properly and the system will fail to perform properly Therefore when interconnecting an HP IB system it is important to observe the following rules a The total cable length for the system must be less than or equal to 20 meters 65 feet b The total cable length for the system must be less than or equal to 2 meters 6 6 feet times the total number of devices connected to the bus c The total number of instruments connected to the bus must not exceed 15 2 28 5344 Listen Talk Address 2 29 The 5344A contains a rear panel HP IB instrument address selection switch There are five switches designated A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 which are used to select the address Instructions for setting and changing the address are provided in Section III of this manual along with the programming codes 2 30 HP IB Descriptions 2 31 A description of the HP IB is provided in Section HI of this manual A study of this information is necessary if the user is not familiar with the HP IB concept Additional information concerning the design criteria and operation of the bus is available in IEEE Standard 488 1978 titled IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation See Figure 2 5 2 7 Model 5344S installation SYSTEMS MOUNTING STUD
107. owhere near that desired To avoid this situation do not change any settings during a sweep If you do get into this situation press RESET to restart the locking algorithm Figure 3 11 Lock and Roll in Manual Continued Model 53445 Operation and Programming Due to the design of the 8350A sweeper manually tuning it for LOCK ROLL operation with the optional configuration is less convenient than when using the preferred method For sweep times less than or equal to 100 ms the 8350A waits until the end of a sweep before updating the output frequency to reflect the changes made at the front panel Since the 5344A stops the sweep to allow tuning of the sweeper s start frequency turning the 8350A s RPG or using its keyboard changes the sweeper s frequency display but does not actually change the output To change the start frequency press EXT SWEEP TRIGGER on the 8350A front panel while tuning the LOCK ROLL start frequency This forces an immediate update to the output frequency After the sweeper has been tuned and the 53445 locks press INT or LINE SWEEP TRIGGER to start the sweep Alternatively the 8350A s SWEEP TIME can be set greater than 100 ms for tuning then returned to the actual desired value after lock is achieved Counting Sweeper Markers or Stop frequency If the counter being used with the 5344A is a 5343A the markers of the 8350A or Stop frequency of the sweep can be counted during Lock and Roll only the
108. p off and verify the 5344 front panel CONT lamp is on Also verify the plug in s CW Filter is off Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the START STOP annunciator lights The F1 key will light indicating the 5344A is waiting for a START frequency value The MODE key will scroll through the four modes of operation If you pass STRT STOP continue pressing MODE until you return to STRT STOP The F1 key will light Figure 3 14 Start Stop in AUTO LOCK 3 44 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz The 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz Press the F2 key on the 5344A The LED inside the key will light to indicate that it is waiting fora STOP frequency to be entered and the entered value will be shown on the display Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press The 5344A should display 2 040000000 GHz If you want to see the START Frequency value press key F1 Unless Numeric Entry keys are pressed the value will remain unchanged If an invalid value is entered the previous value will remain unchanged Press the 5344A SWP TIME key The LED inside the key will light to indicate that the 5344A is waiting for a Sweep Time value to be entered Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press OO 69 The 5344A will display j 100 ms Press the 5344A AUTO LOCK key The 5344A will now program the 8350A to the center of the specified Start Stop frequency range
109. ple the Cavity Oscillator is fixed at 3 8 GHz and the YTO is tunable from 3 81 GHz to 6 2 GHz When the YTO frequency is varied over its 3 81 GHz to 6 2 GHz range the difference frequency moves from 10 MHz 3 81 GHz 3 8 GHz to 2 4 GHz 6 2 GHz 3 8 GHz The YTO output is fed to the rear panel as the AUX OUT This plug in would be specified with an output range of 01 GHz to 2 4 GHz even though the 3 81 GHz to 6 2 GHz signal is available at the rear panel AUX OUT The front panel RF OUT is offset from the rear panel AUX OUT by a constant 3 8 GHz Also located on the rear panelisan FM inputto allow the YTO frequency to be varied over a small range The stability and accuracy of this technique is limited by the stability of the YTO However when this plug in is locked by the 5344S the Cavity Oscillator becomes the limit of the stability and accuracy CAVITY OSCILLATOR 3 8 GHz poo a ee FRONT PANEL RF OUT i 01 2 4 GHz AMPLIFIER ATTENUATOR REAR PANEL AUX OUT 3 81 6 2 GHz 3 81 GHz 6 2 GHz e g 83522A Figure 3 2 Basic YTO and Fixed Frequency Cavity Oscillator 3 7 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 66 YTO and GaAs FET Doubler 3 67 A simple way of generating frequencies above the YTO frequency range is to apply the YTO output 9 13 25 GHz to a GaAs FET Doubler as shown in Figure 3 3 Asimplied by its name the doubler multiplies the YTO frequency by a factor of 2 By varying t
110. r s operating manual for more details SERVICE REQUEST MASK RM Set the 5344A Service Request mask The RM command determines which of the following conditions will generate a Service Request The RM command is followed by a single digit which specifies the set of conditions that is to generate a service request 0 NONE 1 OUT OF LOCK 2 END OF SWEEP 3 OUT OF LOCK or END OF SWEEP Only one condition may be active at any one time If more than one is specified such as RM12 the second value will be ignored Notice however that RM3 considers two conditions to generate an SRQ interrupt 3 162 input Code Format 3 163 The 5344A will accept command strings in either upper or lower case Spaces carriage returns linefeeds and invalid message sequences are ignored For example in HP 85A Basic OUTPUT 701 CW2GZLK1 or output 701 cw2gzlk1 3 72 Model 53445 Operation and Programming TIE SYSTEMS Either format will produce the same results Depending on the controller this can help speed programming 3 164 Parameter data messages CW CF DF SR SP LR M1 M2 M3 M4 SS ST FM are usually but not necessarily followed by a frequency The parameter data message by itself results in the specified parameter being displayed on the front panel 3 165 Special Programming Considerations 3 166 Only the first 11 digits of a simple number are significant Others are ignored Also only
111. r for plug only Number shown for cable is HP Part Number for complete cable including plug Earth Ground L Line N Neutral Figure 2 2 AC Power Cables Available Model 53445 Installation 2 16 Operating Environment 2 17 TEMPERATURE The 5344A may be operated in temperatures from 0 C to 50 C 2 18 ALTITUDE The 5344A may be operated at altitudes up to 4 600 metres 15 000 feet 2 19 Mating Counter to 5344A 2 20 If the 5344A and the 5342A or 5343A counter are ordered together as the 5344S they will be received as one unit connected together mechanically and electrically However if the 5344A is ordered separately and is to be connected to an existing counter the following procedure should be performed Refer to Figure 2 3 2 4 Unpack the 5344A and locate the mating hardware and cables listed below 1 Interface cable shield aluminum plate with four square holes Four link locks Four 6 32 X 3 8 flat head pozidriv screws for link locks Four 6 32 X 7 16 pan head pozidriv screws Four flat washers for 6 32 X 7 16 screws Counter to 5344A processor interface cable ribbon type Two 18 BNC BNC cables 8350A Sweeper Interface Cable PN An IF OUT modification cable and tie wraps Remove any handles or rack flanges from the counter Using a 6 32 X 3 8 flat head screw attach two of the link locks to the right hand side of the counter Orient the l
112. ration Information SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 This manual provides information pertaining to the installation operation programming testing adjustments and maintenance of the HP Model 5344S Microwave Source Synchronizer shown in Figure 1 1 1 3 The 5344515 comprised of the 5344A Source Synchronizer and the 5342A Microwave Frequency Counter with an Option 001 High Stability Timebase and Option 001 HP IB Interface These two instruments are electrically and mechanically connected at the factory before shipment The 5344S Option 043 replaces the 5342A with the 5343A 26 5 GHz Microwave Frequency Counter 1 4 INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL 1 5 This manual covers the operation of the 53445 Microwave Source Synchronizer system and covers the service of the 5344A instrument The service and specific operation of the 5342A 5343A counter is described in its own Operating and Service Manual The 5344A has a two part serial number The first four digits and the letter comprise the serial number prefix The last five digits form the sequential suffix that is unique to each instrument The contents of this manual apply directly to instruments having the same serial number prefix es as listed under SERIAL PREFIX on the title page There is no serial number for the 53445 system only the individual serial numbers for the instruments 5344A and 5342A 5343A counter 1 6 An instrument manufactured after the printing of t
113. rence occurs when the 5344A is in Lock mode MANUAL LOCK or AUTO LOCK button lit then the counter s HP IB interface is inactive Attempting to send codes to or read from the counter will cause all bus activity to stop 3 144 When the 5344S is in the Programmable mode the counter and 5344A would normally be on the same HP IB bus controlled by the same remote controller In System Controller mode Auto Lock the 5344A is connected to the sweeper via the HP IB and the counter may be connected to a remote controller on a separate bus 3 145 PROGRAMMABLE MODE 3 146 Interface Functions Subset 3 147 The capability of a device connected to the bus is specified by its interface function subset These functions provide the means for a device to receive process and send messages over the bus Table 3 11 lists the 5344S interface functions using the terminology of the IEEE 488 1978 standard These functions are also listed on the rear panel adjacent to the HP IB connector as follows SH1 1 T2 L2 SR1 CO 1 Model 53445 Operation and Programming EET em SYSTEMS Table 3 11 HP IB Interface Functions Interface Function Interface Function Description Subset identifier SH1 Complete Source Handshake Capability 1 Complete Acceptor Handshake Capability T2 Talker Basic Talker Serial Poll No Talk Only Doesn t Unaddress If MLA L2 Listener Basic Listener No Listen Only
114. rences the connectors input output of the sweeper mainframe Refer to Table 3 7 for compatibility of the 8620 series mainframes with the 53445 Table 3 9 8350A 8620 Series Connector Cross Reference 8350A 8620A B C Function SWEEP OUT IN SWEEP OUT 0 to 10V ramp concurrent with sweep Front rear panel Front panel Used to detect end of sweep EXT TRIGGER pin 9 of the Programming Connector EXT TRIGGER Initiates a sweep SWEEP OUT IN Rear panel Front rear panel CNTR TRG None Output to externally trigger 5343A Counter Rear panel STOP SWEEP None Input to stop progress of a forward sweep iRear panel For use with a 5343A Counter FM INPUT None Frequency Modulation input Rear panel Located at rear of plug in Note The FM input for 83500 series plug ins is located on the rear panel of the 8350A mainframe If an 86000 series plug in is used with the 11869A RF Plug in Adapter in the 8350A the 86000 series FM input is routed to the 8350A rear panel FM INPUT The 86200 series FM INPUT is not available at the rear of the plug in 3 131 Using the 53445 With an 8640A B Signal Generator 3 132 8640A B Signal Generator cannot safely handle the 10 Volt signal that the 53445 can apply to its FM input port The circuit shown in Figure 3 7 installed between the 5344S FM OUT and the 8640 FM INPUT will protect the 8640 from excessive voltage and does not degrade sp
115. rmines sweep time marker frequencies 1 3 Model 53445 General Information EIS SYSTEMS If source is too far from desired frequency the user must tune source Manual Lock or the 5344S can automatically tune Auto Lock via the HP IB The LOCKED light indicates a proper locked condition Start Frequency Resolution 1 Hz Accuracy Equal to counter accuracy Residual stability 50 kHz rms TYPICAL 53445 Option 043 With the 5343A microwave counter installed special interface cables can be connected to the 8350A to enhance measurements The marker frequencies and stop frequency can be measured by the counter with improved accuracy 100 kHz TYPICAL Subharmonic Offset Mode Mode is selected by rear panel switch and indicated by a decimal point in far right of numeric display Multiplier type sources eg HP 83570A 83590A 83592A 83594A 83595A 86290 can be phase locked via the subharmonic frequency available on the Auxiliary Output connector The actual output frequency is displayed on the 5344S while locking to the subharmonic output Auto Lock feature available when 53445 is used with 8350A or 8620C Option 011 Offset mode is used for sources that generate RF frequencies by heterodyning a variable oscillator with a fixed oscillator When the variable oscillator is available at the Auxiliary Output e g HP 83592A 83595A the 53445 can display the actual source output frequency while phase locking to
116. rted 2 11 To convert from one line voltage to another the power cord must be disconnected from the power module before the sliding window covering the fuse and card compartment can be moved to expose the fuse and circuit card 2 12 Pull on the fuse lever and then pull the card out of the module The fuse lever must be held to one side to remove and insert the card Insert the card so the marking that agrees with the line voltage to be used is visible 2 13 Return the fuse lever to normal position insert the correct fuse slide the plastic window over the compartment and connect the power cord to complete the conversion NOTE For operation from 100V ac or 120V ac use a 1 25A slo blo fuse 2110 0305 For 220V ac 240V ac operation use a 75A slo blo fuse 2110 0360 2 14 Power Cable WARNING BEFORE CONNECTING ELECTRICAL POWER TO THIS INSTRU MENT THE PROTECTIVE EARTH TERMINALS OF THIS INSTRU MENT MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE PROTECTIVE CON DUCTOR OF THE POWER CORD MAINS THE MAIN PLUG SHALL ONLY BE INSERTED IN A SOCKET OUTLET PROVIDED WITH A PROTECTIVE EARTH CONTACT THE PROTECTIVE ACTION MUST NOT BE DEFEATED BY THE USE OF AN EXTEN SION CORD POWER CABLE WITHOUT A PROTECTIVE CON DUCTOR GROUNDING 2 15 The 5344A is shipped with a three wire power cable When the cable is connected to an appropriate ac power source this cable connects the chassis to the earth ground The type of power cable plug shipped with each in
117. significant All others are ignored Only the first decimal point is accepted as valid The CF and DF commands may be used together in one single command string or placed on separate lines The 53445 will enter the CF DF mode upon receipt of either CF or DF Either command may be changed without affecting the unspecified commands Sending any one of the commands without numerical values causes the 5344A to display that parameter The parameter remains unchanged 3 64 START SR FA STOP SP FB VALUE Model 53445 Operation and Programming COMMAND CODES Continued Sets the 53445 to START STOP mode The 5344A enters and displays the START frequency SR and FA are identical FA is provided for conversion of 8350A programs Sets the 53445 START STOP mode The 53445 enters and displays the STOP frequency SP and FB are identical FB is provided for conversion of 8350A programs The value for START and STOP may be a simple number such as 10 25 98 1010 25 etc The value may also be a simple number plus an exponent such as 10 79 E 9 10 E 1 26 5 E 2 etc An exponent plus a multiplier must fall within the 53445 range such as 75 92 E 1 GZ 7 592 GHz The START and STOP frequency range is 500 MHz to 18 GHz for the 5342A and 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for the 5343A If the 53445 is placed in Subharmonic Locking mode the limit extends from 10 MHz to 99 999999999 GHz for both counters Only the first 11 digits are significant
118. source will be tuned automatically by the 53445 via HP IB as necessary to achieve lock Pressing the AUTO LOCK key when its light is already on disables LOCK mode and turns off the AUTO LOCK light The SYSTEM CONTROLLER switch on the 53445 rear panel HP IB address switch must be in the SYS CONT position when AUTO LOCK is pressed Otherwise an error indication will be given NOTE If no valid frequency has been entered when LOCK mode is initiated for the first time a measurement will be made on the 5342A 43A and the resulting frequency used by the 5344S for the selected mode s F1 parameter CW CF START LOCK ROLL START CONNECTORS Z AXIS OUT This connector provides a Z axis modulation signal for display devices oscilloscope X Y recorder Provides a rectangular 5V pulse for selected marker frequencies At all other times 7 AXIS OUT is tied directly to 7 AXIS IN Z Axis Out is generated by the 53445 when locked in either locked sweep mode CF AF or START STOP i SWEEP OUT This connector provides a linear ramp voltage from zero to 10 volts synchronous with the RF sweep signal Sweep Out is generated by the 53445 when locked in either locked sweep i mode At all other times SWEEP OUT is tied directly to SWEEP IN NOTE Z AXIS OUT and SWEEP OUT are not generated by the 53445 in CF AF mode if AF 0 or in START STOP mode if START STOP Z AXIS IN This connector accepts the Z axis modulation signal fro
119. st the latest edition of this supplement Free copies are available from all HP offices When requesting copies quote the model number print date and part number listed at the top of this page HOW TO USE THIS SUPPLEMENT Insert this title page in front of the title page in your manual Perform all changes specified for All Serials and all changes through the Series Prefix of your instrument or board Insert any complete replacement pages provided into your manual in the proper location If your manual has been updated according to the last edition of this supple ment you need only perform those changes pertaining to the new series prefix See List of Effective Pages on the reverse side of this page New information affecting All Serials will be indicated by a in front of the page number Uz HEWLETT PACKARD LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES HRRRREE RRR ER ENA R EA ARRAN RHR R KEKE EEK SERIAL PREFIX OR SERIAL NUMBER PAGES 333133353332 LARA RA AAR R AERA ERNE NRE RMR ERR ERE RRA E ERE All Serials Cover Spine 2315 thru 2438 These changes do not affect the Operating Information Manual MANUAL CHANGES MODEL 53445 05344 90011 SERIAL PREFIX OR SERIES NUMBER CHANGES Cover Spine All Serials gt Change spine to r
120. strument depends on the country of destination Refer to Figure 2 2 for the part numbers of the power cables and plug configurations available Model 53445 Installation Cable Cable For Use Plug Type HP Part No CD Plug Description Length Color In Country inches 8120 1351 0 Straight BS1363A 90 Mint Gray United Kingdom 8120 1703 6 90 90 Mint Gray Cyprus Nigeria Rhodesia Singapore t N E A A ds 250V 8120 1369 0 Straight NZSS198 ASC112 79 Gray Australia 8120 0696 4 90 87 Gray New Zealand 250V 8120 1689 7 Straight CEE7 Y11 79 Mint Gray East and West Li 8120 1692 2 90 79 Mint Gray Europe Saudi Arabia Egypt So Africa India unpolarized many nations 125V 8120 1348 5 Straight NEMAS 15P 80 Black United States 8120 1398 5 90 80 Canada O 8120 1754 7 Straight NEMAS 15P 36 Black Japan 100V or 8120 1378 1 Straight NEMAS 15P 80 Jade Gray 200V n 1 8120 1521 6 90 80 Jade Gray Mexico 8120 1676 2 Straight NEMAS 15P 30 Jade Gray Philippines Taiwan 250V 8120 2104 3 Straight SEV1011 79 Gray Switzerland 1959 24507 250V 8120 0698 6 Straight NEMA6 15P United States O Canada 220V 8120 2956 2 Straight DHCK 107 79 Gray Denmark 8120 2957 3 90 79 Gray 1 CD Check Digit irefer to Section Vli number shown for plug is industry identifie
121. sweeper interface If you wish to count one of the markers on the 8350A the operation is quite similar except that you would select the marker you wish to count in Step 1 above rather than the sweeper STOP frequency To disable the sweeper counter interface feature press blue key on the 8350A Figure 3 15 Lock and Roll in AUTO LOCK Continued 3 48 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Description The 5344S can generate 4 markers in CF AF and Start Stop mode Connections DISPLAY BLANKING o QOO OO 00 OO GOOD a GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER 8470B CRYSTAL DETECTOR 1725A OSCILLOSCOPE Example The 53445 will sweep from 2 GHz to 2 040 GHz generating one marker at the center of the sweep 1 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off If AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press GH Ey a The 8350A should display 2 020 GHz and the 5342A should display 2 02 GHz 10 MHz Figure 3 16 Markers 3 49 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 50 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Using the 5344A Function keys press and release MODE until the START STOP annunciator lights The F1 key will light indicating the 5344A is waiting for a START
122. sweeper can generate markers during Lock and Roll The following connections are required for this feature With the preferred method 8350A CNTR TRIG to the 5343A rear panel SWP INTFC A 8350A STOP SWEEP to the 5343A rear panel SWP INTFC B With the optional method 8350A CNTR TRIG to the 5343A SWP INTFC A After setting up the Lock Roll sweep you can count the markers or Stop frequency by 1 Pressing STOP on the 8350A This selects which parameter is to be measured by the 5343A This enables the counter interface function on the 8350A Whenever the 53445 Option 043 is locked in Lock Roll the sweeper interface function of the 53445 is automatically enabled If the 53445 is not locked simply press SWP M on the 5343A to enable the sweeper interface 2 Pressing on the 8350A If you wish to count one of the markers on the 8350A the operation is quite similar except that you would select the marker you wish to count in Step 1 above rather than the sweeper STOP frequency To disable the sweeper counter interface feature press blue key on the 8350A Figure 3 11 Lock and Roll in Manual Continued 3 39 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 40 Description The 53445 locks the signal source to the specified CW frequency The signal source is automatically tuned by the 53445 No manual tuning is required Connections 1 The address of the 8350A Sweep Oscillator must be set to the same address as the 5
123. tches to the corresponding positions ASCII CODE CHARACTER LISTEN 5 As A2 Ai ADDRESS SWITCHES 5 BIT DECIMAL CODE i 2 2 mat 6 1 5 BROS OROROROBOBOROROHONOBOROBOBOBAOASD Vii A Address 21 is preset calculator address and cannot be used 3 61 3 62 Model 53445 Operation and Programming 3 157 COMMAND CODES 3 158 All local functions are programmable via the HP IB All functions operate essentially the same as in local The command codes described in the following paragraphs are listed in a condensed version in Table 3 15 3 159 HP IB Command Code Syntax Diagrams 3 160 Statement syntax is represented pictorially in the following paragraphs to explain the format in which HP IB programming commands should be sent to the instrument All characters enclosed by a rounded envelope must be entered exactly as shown Words enclosed by a rectangular box are names of items used in the statement and are described in the text following the diagram Items contained within circles indicate required l
124. te the position of the rear panel Mode switch See paragraph 3 74 When the SWEEP TIME is selected the characters S S appear on the display See Sweep Time paragraph 3 38 GHz MHz S ms Indicates the units of the displayed value gigahertz megahertz seconds milliseconds Bar Meter The meter 10 segment center scale bar graph indicates the frequency correction signal being applied to the signal source It shows how close the source s uncorrected frequency is to that desired The two center bars are dimly lit when the correction signal is near zero As the signal moves from zero the appropriate one of the two center bars switches to full intensity As the signal continues to deviate from zero successive bars light until full scale is reached The direction the bar graph moves proportional to the voltage control FM input of the sweeper 3 15 Model 53445 Operation and Programming SYSTEMS NOTE The LOCKED FREQ HI and FREQ LO indicators and the meter are not active unless the 53445 is in either MANUAL or AUTO LOCK mode The METER is not active unless the 53445 is LOCKED and the LOCKED lamp is on FREQ HI FREQ LO LOCKED RMT TALK LSN CONT When the input signal is not locked these indicators show its position relative to the desired frequency This information should be used to tune the signal source to achieve Manual Lock see Manual Lock Mode Restrictions Table 3 2 indicates that the input s
125. tem controller for an HP 8620C or HP 8350A sweeper No other system controller may be on the bus The 5344S HP IB address switch must be set to the address of the sweeper and the system controller switch must be in the SYS CONT position Model 53445 Operation and Programming eens NOTE The operating algorithm in this mode includes a measurement of output frequency with the HP 8620C programmed to its minimum and maximum frequency The user must ensure that the sweeper output power and cabling to the 5342A 43A counter will deliver a sufficient signal level For example the user may wish to lock at 2 GHz using an 86290 plug in and cables adequate for 2 GHz but not 18 GHz When the automatic locking algorithm in the 53445 sets the sweeper to 18 GHz for calibration Err 01 will result Table 3 15 Condensed HP IB Command Code Set instrument Preset Set the 53445 to the following conditions Locai Mode CW Frequency 0 All Markers Off Sweep Time 10 mS Step Size 0 Frequency Multiplier 1 RM 0 CW Sets 53445 to CW mode Enters and displays CW frequency CF Sets 53445 to CF AF mode Enters and displays CF frequency DF Sets 53445 to CF AF mode Enters and displays AF frequency SR Sets 53445 to Start Stop mode Enters and displays Start frequency FA Sets 53445 to Start Stop mode Enters and displays Start frequency SP Sets 5344S to Start Stop mode Enters and displays Stop frequency FB
126. th FM sensitivity greater or equal to 5 MHz V Five volts FM sensitivity for sources less than 5 MHz V sensitivity AF or START STOP Above conditions reduced by 0 5 x span width FM Output Connector Rear panel BNC female FM Output Drive 10 V in series with 250 ohms Polarity Automatic selection Loop Bandwidth Rear panel switch selectable Narrowband NB 10 kHz TYPICAL Wideband WB 100 kHz TYPICAL Required Source Characteristics 1 Output frequency and level which meet input specifications for the 5344S An FM input port with a sensitivity between 1 and 50 MHz V and bandwidth of DC to 2 MHz minimum for 5344S wideband mode or DC to 200 kHz minimum for narrowband mode Any input impedance which will satisfy requirement 2 with a 250 chm resistance in series with FM input port Phase Noise Locked Spectrum Dependent on source Typical values for 8350A 83592A Sweeper are Single Sideband Phase Noise 1 Hz BW CW mode 6 MH2 V narrowband 6 GHz Offset from Carrier SSB Level 10Hz 100Hz 1KHz 10KHz 100 KHz 5dBc 35dBc 45 dBc 45 dBc 100 dBc Operating Characteristics Instrument Control Instrument parameters may be set up in three ways The control knob with coarse and fine modes allows for continuous adjustment of the parameter of interest Auto Lock feature available when 53445 is used with 8350A or 8620C Option 011 Unless limited by output drive capability An exact parameter va
127. the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 02 GHz 15 MHz The 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency If the FREQ HI annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 15 MHz The 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency Notice that when either the FREQ HI or FREQ LO annunciators are on indicating that tuning is required the resolution on the counter decreases to 1 KHz This allows a very fast update of the counter display making tuning quicker and easier The sweep is also halted until Lock is achieved NOTE 53445 will display error code Err 01 if the frequency of the sweeper is changing too fast for the 53445 to follow This may occur for the following reasons a The 8350A is in SWEEP mode vs CW and is sweeping or b When manually tuning the 8350A to within 15 MHz it is being tuned too quickly Figure 3 10 Start Stop in Manual Continued 3 36 Model 53445 Operation and Programming Description The 53445 will lock the sweeper to the Start Frequency selected on the 5344A and then sweep to the Stop Frequency selected on the 8350A by the Sweep Time also selected on the 8350A Connections There are two possible interconnections listed below for Lock and Roll Use the one that is most convenient The optional configuration is provided for applications requiring use of the program ming connector that would make con
128. the HP IB code set for the 8350A and 8620C Sweep Oscillators This gives the 53445 the ability to program many of these sweeper functions as if it were a controller by IEEE 488 1978 terminology the 53445 is a System Controller For instance if the CW frequency selected on the 5344A front panel is 10 GHz the 5344A would automatically program the sweeper to a CW frequency of 10 GHz provided the sweeper s RF Plug in has that range Paragraph 3 177 System Controller Mode gives the IEEE 488 1978 details concerning this feature The following paragraphs describe the basic operation of Auto Lock NOTE Since the 8620C cannot be programmed for specific frequencies in the Start Stop mode the 8620C cannot be used in Auto Lock Roll 3 25 CW in Auto Lock 3 26 The 53445 attempts to lock the signal source to the selected CW frequency If the signal source is too far from the desired frequency the 53445 tunes the sweeper via HP IB to bring it into lock When lock is achieved the LOCKED annunciator is turned on If lock is lost or cannot be achieved the 5344S turns off the LOCKED annunciator and attempts to adjust the signal source via HP IB to regain lock If the signal source cannot attain the desired frequency an error indication is displayed on the 5344 3 27 CF AF in Auto Lock 3 28 53445 attempts to achieve a locked sweep of the signal source from the selected CF AF 2 to CF AF 2 using the SWEEP TIME selected by the us
129. the latest Manual Changes supplement and all pertinent Service Notes 1 1 Model 53445 General Information Table 1 1 Model 5344A Specifications INPUT CHARACTERISTICS INPUT I Frequency Range 7 5343A 53445 Option 043 Sensitivity 500 2 12 4 GHz 12 4 GHz 18 0 GHz 18 0 GHz 26 5 GHz Maximum Input Dynamic Range 500 124 GHz 124 GHz 180 GHz 18 0 GHz 26 5 GHz i 25 dBm 20 dBm Damaae Level l Impedance Connector SWR 500 MHz 10 GHz 10 MHz 18 GHz 18 MHz 26 5 GHz 3 2 1 TYPICAL 1 TYPICAL 2 1 TYPICAL 311 TYPICAL lt 3 1 TYPICAL Coupling DC to load AC to instrument DC to load AC to instrument FM Tolerance switch selectable rear panel For modulation rates from DC to 10 MHz Wide 50 MHz p p worst case Normal 20 MHz p p worst case Wide 50 MHz worst case Normal 20 MHz worst case Narrow 6 MHz p p worst case AM Tolerance Any modulation index provide than the sensitivity specification the minimum signal level is not less Modes of Operation 7 Automatic Counter automatically acquires and displays highest level signal within sensitivity range Manual Center frequency entered to within 40 MHz TYPICAL of true value 25 MHz TYPICAL below 825 MHz Automatic mode Time Manual mode Normal FM 530 ms worst case Wide FM 2 4 s worst
130. through the four modes of operation If you pass LK R continue pressing MODE until you return to LK R Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press GHz s the 5344A should display 2 000000000 GHz The 5344S always assumes that the remaining unentered digits are zero Thus 1 Hz resolution always occurs Press the 5344A MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light If the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 25 MHz The 5344 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency If the FREQ HI annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 25 MHz 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency Notice that when either the FREQ HI or FREQ LO annunciators are on indicating that tuning is required the resolution on the counter decreases to 1 kHz This allows a very fast update of the counter display making tuning quicker and easier The sweep is also halted until Lock is achieved NOTE In Lock Roll the signal source is locked only briefly at the start of each sweep It is possible for the sweep settings to be changed during the unlocked portion of the sweep such that the starting frequency is changed by some near multiple of the current local oscillator frequency of the counter This will result in lock being regained at the end of the current sweep even though the frequency is n
131. trigger TTL type low level or contact closure to ground gt 50 us TYPICAL at rear panel SMC male connector A initiates measurements when in sweep mode Sweep inhibit TTL type low level from rear panel SMC male connector B inhibits sweeper during counter measurement when in sweep mode Sweep mode Selected from front panel pushbutton Allows interface to appropriate sweeper 8350A for start stop and marker frequency measurements Specifications describe the instrument s warranted performance TYPICAL or NOMINAL performance characteristics provide useful applications information but are not warranted 1 1 2 Model 53445 General Information Table 1 1 Model 5344A Specifications Continued SPECIFICATIONS Frequency Coverage 500 MHz 18 GHz 500 MHz 26 5 GHz 5344S Option 043 Resolution 1 Hz Long Term Stability Equal to timebase in counter Standard Option 043 5342 5343A 500 MHz 12 4 GHz 22 dBm 30 dBm 12 4 GHz 18 0 GHz 19 dBm 25 dBm 18 0 GHz 26 5 GHz 20 dBm Lock Time TYPICAL Dependent on source Typical times with 8350A 83592A source Manual Lock 900 ms ree to CW or LOCK ROLL modes Minimum Lock Level Auto Lock 15s For CF or START STOP add 300 ms Option 043 All lock times reduced by 400 ms Accuracy CW Equal to counter accuracy Capture Ranget Manual Mode CW or LOCK ROLL start frequency 25 MHz for sources wi
132. ug in over the range of 3 81 to 6 2 GHz The YTO is being mixed with the Cavity Oscillator to generate a lower frequency The Cavity Oscillator frequency 3 8 GHz being subtracted from the counter s display is for user convenience only This ensures the 53445 display and the counter s display are consistent 3 84 The offset is not subtracted from the counter s display under the following conditions 1 Manual or Auto Lock is off 2 Manual or Auto Lock is on but the 53445 is out of lock 3 85 Under these conditions the counter will display the actual rear panel AUX OUT YTO frequency 3 86 The rear panel MODE switch must be in the SUB HMNC position 3 87 Since the Cavity Oscillator is not being controlled any variation in the Cavity Oscillator s frequency is directly reflected in the plug in s front panel RF OUT Model 5344S Operation and Programming 3 88 Some plug ins such as those described in paragraph 3 70 combined several techniques to generate signals over a wide range The plug in changes techniques at some frequency for example above 2 4 GHz If the 53445 is being used in Frequency Offset Mode and a frequency is entered above the frequency where the Cavity Oscillator technique is used the relationship between the AUX OUT and the RF OUT will no longer be an offset but instead could be equal or a subharmonic The offset entered into the counter is no longer needed The offset will cause tuning to be very di
133. ument This instrument has been designed and tested according to IEC Publication 348 Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus This manual contains information cautions and warnings which must be followed by the service person to ensure safe operation and to retain the instrument in safe condition WARNINGS SAFETY If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer for voltage reduction make sure the common terminal is connected to the earthed pole of the power source BEFORE SWITCHING ON THIS INSTRUMENT the protective earth terminals of this instrument must be connected to the protective conductor of the mains power cord The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord power cable without a protective conductor grounding Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type normal blow time delay etc are used for replacement The use of repaired fuses and the short circuiting of fuse holders must be avoided Whenever it is likely that the protection offered by fuses has been impaired the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation GROUNDING Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor inside or outside the instrument or disconnecting the protective earth terminal is likely to make this i
134. ure during power up self test Err 15 Actual locking frequency out of range 500 MHz to 18 GHz for 5342A or 500 MHz to 26 5 GHz for 5343A in Subharmonic or Offset Locking mode 3 121 End of Sweep EOS Message 3 122 The 5344A will display EOS when LOCK mode is entered or RESET is pressed while waiting for the present sweep to be completed so that a locking sequence may be started EOS is also displayed when the 53445 has triggered a sweep and is waiting for the sweeper to respond 3 123 There are several possible causes for the EOS message to remain on the display of the 5344A The sweeper is set for long sweep times and the present sweep has not yet been completed SWEEP IN of the 5344A is not connected to the sweep ramp of the source The sweeper is not sweeping The sweeper s RF output is turned off for any length of time The sweeper is tuned out of the capture range of the 5344S The SWEEP TRIGGER out of the 5344S is not connected to the source 3 124 SIGNAL SOURCE REQUIREMENTS 3 125 Signal sources to be used with 53445 must meet the following specifications 1 Frequency and output power which meet the 5344S specifications of Table 1 1 2 FM port with a sensitivity between 1 and 50 MHz volt and bandwidth of dc to at least 2 MHz in wideband mode or dc to at least 200 KHz in narrowband mode If the input impedance of the FM port is less than 5 Kohms the sensitivity will
135. ver certain serial number counters require a simple modification as described in the following paragraph 2 23 Required Modifications for Earlier Version 5342A 43A Counters 2 24 Earlier models of 5342A and 5343A counters require a modification to the IF OUT BNC J4 on the rear panel This requires adding a brass shield to BNC connector 4 IF OUT This is required on 5342A with serial numbers 2142A05040 and below and for 5343A serial numbers 2201A00625 and below The following procedure describes this modification 2 5 Model 5344S Installation 10 11 12 13 14 NOTE This change is not required on counters received as part of a 53445 system or on counters with serial numbers higher than those listed in paragraph 2 24 Refer to Figure 2 4 for IF OUT modification part numbers for required parts Remove all power from the 5342A 5343A counter Remove all four feet from the counters bottom cover Remove the top cover by removing the screw in the rear strap cap securing the rear of the strap handle Remove the cap and then slide the top cover toward the rear until it can be freely removed Using a large Pozidriv screwdriver rotate the screw located in the rear of the bottom cover counter clockwise As the screw is rotated the cover will begin to slide backwards away fromthe instrument Grasp the cover and assist its movementuntil it can be freely removed The screw will remain attached to the rear cover Usi
136. when the 53445 tries to lock For instance if the square wave modulation is the 53445 will not be able to follow the signal and lock will not be achieved The following Table lists some of the common controls that may create problems Table 3 10 Common Control Problems Square wave modulation turned on or the signal being applied to the counter is being modulated in some form Sweeper s Amplitude Markers are turned on CW filter is on RF Blanking is on during LOCK ROLL Model 53445 Operation and Programming Description The 53445 locks the signal source to the specified CW frequency The signal source must be manually adjusted to within 25 MHz of the desired CW frequency Connections FM FM INPUT OUTPUT 9 000000 m 000000 o o 0000 66060 8350A SWEEP GENERATOR 11691D DIRECTIONAL COUPLER LOCKED SIGNAL Example CW locked frequency at 2 000000000 GHz 1 Set MANUAL LOCK and AUTO LOCK off lamp off If AUTO LOCK is turned on the 5344A will display error code Err 10 2 Select CW mode on the 8350A If the plug in has a CW filter turn it OFF Verify the counter SAMPLE RATE is not in HOLD 3 Using the 8350A DATA ENTRY keys press GHz 5 The 8350A should display 2 000 GHz and the 5342A should display approximately 2 GHz 4 Using the 5344A Function keys press a MODE until the CW annunciator lights The MODE key will scroll t
137. will light to indicate that it is waiting for data to be entered and the entered value will be shown on the display Figure 3 9 CF AF in Manual 3 33 Model 5344S Operation and Programming 7 Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press MHz ms The 5344A should display 20 000000 MHz To see the Center Frequency value press key F1 Unless Numeric Entry keys are pressed the value will remain unchanged If an invalid value is entered the previous value will remain unchanged If a value outside of the limits is entered the value will default to the closest limit Press the 5344A SWP TIME key The LED inside of the key will light to indicate that itis waiting for data to be entered Using the 5344A Numeric Entry keys press MHz Press the 5344A MANUAL LOCK key The LOCKED annunciator should light If the FREQ LO annunciator lights manually raise the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 15 MHz The 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency If the FREQ HI annunciator lights manually lower the frequency of the 8350A until the 5342A displays 2 GHz 15 MHz The 53445 will automatically tune the 8350A to the desired frequency Notice that when either the FREQ HI or FREQ LO annunciators are on indicating that tuning is required the resolution on the counter decreases to 1 KHz This allows a very fast update of the counter display making tuning quicker and easier The sweep

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