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HP 39g User's Manual

1. oN a M M t Cursor keys Enter key Aplet control keys On the calculator keyboard the top row of keys are called menu keys Their meanings depend on the context that s why their tops are blank The menu keys are sometimes called soft keys The bottom line of the display shows the labels for the menu keys current meanings The aplet control keys are PLOT B NUM 2 VIEW un Displays the Symbolic view for the current aplet See Symbolic view on page 1 15 Displays the Plot view for the current aplet See Plot view on page 1 15 Displays the Numeric view for the current aplet See Numeric view on page 1 15 Displays the HOME view See HOME on page 1 1 Displays the Aplet Library menu See Aplet library on page 1 15 Displays the VIEWS menu See Aplet views on page 1 15 Getting started Entry Edit keys Getting started The entry and edit keys are pm CANCEL HOME ALPHA ENTER X T 0 DEL SHIFT CLEAR 3 gt al v CHARS down to enter a string of characters Meaning Cancels the current operation if the calculator is on by pressing ON Pressing SHIFT then OFF turns the calculator off Accesses the function printed in blue above a key Returns to the HOM
2. 26 Zoom in on X 10 by a factor of 4 Note NUMZOOM has a setting of 4 ities Tr 3 7 To change font size To display the symbolic definition of a column 27 Display table numbers in large font ENG 165 856 165 783 gt HE The symbolic definition of F1 is displayed at the bottom of the screen Function aplet interactive analysis 3 8 From the Plot view PLOT you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots intersections slopes and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet and any Function based aplets See FCN functions on page 3 9 The FCN operations act on the currently selected graph The results of the FCN functions are saved in the following variables e AREA e EXTREMUM e ISECT e ROOT SLOPE For example if you use the ROOT function to find the root of a plot you can use the result in calculations in Home S a SE FUNCTION SSE etRoot 2 34J Root Co 8294372515455 7778 Function aplet Access FCN The FCN variables are contained in the VARS menu variables To access FCN variables in HOME Select Plot FCN gt ajor v to choose a variable iis To access FCN variable in the Function aplet s Symbolic view Select Plot FCN gt A Jor v to choose a variable LU zs FCN functions The FCN functions are Select Root to find the root of the E current functio
3. eS Matrices 12 7 Solving systems of linear equations Example Solve the following linear system 2x 3y 4z 5 X y z 7 Ax y 2z 1 Open the Matrix catalog and choose to create a vector in the M1 variable SHIFT MATRIX EIE Rae Tet AAPA Quom RA e m ris ji M4 Complex matrix v ENTER Ms Complex vector 2 Create the vector of the constants in the linear system 5 ENTER 7 ENTER 1 ENTER 3 Return to the Matrix i T catalog The vector you TEE T created is listed as MI M2 181 REAL MATRIX OKE d 141 REAL MATRIX KE SHIFT MATRIX H5 2h2 REAL MATRIK JKE 7 G NC a ra SelectReal matrix Na Real vector e omplex matrix ue Complex vector 5 Create anew matrix and enter the equation coefficients 2 ENTER 3 ENTER 4 ENTER Y 1 ENTER 1 ENTER i 1 ENTER 4 ENTER 5 1 ENTER 2 ENTER 12 8 Matrices 6 Return to HOME and enter the calculation to left multiply the constants vector by the inverse of the coefficients matrix HOME ALPHA M2 Sur 7 ALPHA M1 T2 x 7 Evaluate the calculation SEDET Sees FUNCTION See ENTER Math The result is a vector of the 2 By 2d solutions Fy e ee ee IEEE ERES e deum L y aa 3 e z 2 An alternative method is to use the RREF function See RREF on page 12 12 Matrix functions and commands About functions Functions can be used in any
4. j SU PERIERE B feom CTI CEFN numbers on page 2 18 for further information Polar aplet Sequence aplet About the Sequence aplet The Sequence aplet allows you to explore sequences You can define a sequence named for example U1 e interms of n e interms of Ul n 1 o interms of Ul n 2 e in terms of another sequence for example U2 e in any combination of the above Getting started with the Sequence aplet The following example defines and then plots an expression in the Sequence aplet Open the 1 Open the Sequence aplet a Select ZEE SEQUENCE SYMBOLIC VIEN eee ap e uicz5 U1 cH gt The Sequence aplet ae starts in the Symbolic EMT J CHK SHO Eva view Sequence aplet 6 1 Define the expression Specify plot settings 6 2 2 at d Define the Fibonacci sequence in which each term after the first two is the sum of the preceding two terms U 1 U 1 U U U 5 forn 3 In the Symbolic view of the Sequence aplet highlight the UI 1 field and begin defining your sequence EDD SE SEQUENCE SYMEDLIC VIEH U1c15 1 Lid coe B i Uecla l Note You can use the UtCN 1o CN 22 zi GES and Bii menu EN PH N Ul CANLI DK keys to assist in the entry of equations ENTER LAT BUSS SEQUENCE SYMBOLIC WEH XR ULCLo 1 Uicei iin TET Ui cH 12 1 CH at HEE T7 In Plot Setup first set the SEQPL
5. Description Proportion of successes in the sample Test Z Z Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary value of Z associated with the level you supplied Two Proportion Z Test Menu name Inputs 9 12 Z lest P1 P2 On the basis of statistics from two samples each from a different population the 2 proportion Z Test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the proportion of successes in the two populations is equal H Q a T You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Hm lt T3 H n gt T H n ET The inputs are Field name Definition Sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean sample 1 size Sample 2 size Significance level inference aplet Results The results are Result Description Test P1 P2 Difference between the proportions of successes in the two samples Test Z Z Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary values of Z associated with the a level that you supplied One Sample T Test Menu name Inputs inference aplet T Test Iu The One sample T Test is used when the population standard deviation is not known On the basis of statistics from a single sample this test measures the strength of t
6. premens NOTICE This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as is and are subject to change without notice Except to the extent prohibited by law Hewlett Packard Company makes no express or implied warranty of any kind with regard to this manual and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and Hewlett Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual and the examples herein Hewlett Packard Company 2000 All rights reserved The programs that control your HP 39G 40G are copyrighted and all rights are reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation of those programs without prior written permission of HP is also prohibited HP 39G 40G GRAPHING CALCULATOR USER S GUIDE Version 1 ELSE TU E 0 J deni em es Boe Cras rane Lane Ce Coa 3 aie Er i TIPS Lov o ale JEE e iere m HEWLETT PACKARD Contents Preface Mannar Conven ONS C P 1 Aes H N P 2 1 Getting started ON OTE Cancel OPERATIONS cuc etes mani Sade isl eint I ara RASE 1 1 GIS DIIN rison n N 1 2 WING REY OG AEG MT CH 1 3 IGHIUS E S E RE EUM 1 8 vta Dia TOTS a rM 1 9 Mode rir PPM 1 9 SEHR a mod usado vet tace i vane ER Int
7. Note Your list values are now in columnl C1 Lists Lists 4 In the Symbolic view define H1 for example as C1 sample and 1 frequency Make sure that H1 is checkmarked SYMB Go to the Numeric view SPQJE STATISTIES SYMEDLIC MEH SESE Hit Ci 1 Hz eee 1 H3 1 Hee 1 y ENTER AMPLE to display calculated statistics NUM EREE PVUABE SNARE iPSDE See One variable on page 8 13 for the meaning of each computed statistic 13 11 14 Notes and sketches introduction The HP 39G 40G has text and picture editors for entering notes and sketches Each aplet has its own independent Note view and Sketch view Notes and sketches that you create in these views are associated with the aplet When you save the aplet or send it to another calculator the notes and sketches are saved or sent as well The Notepad is a collection of notes independent of all aplets These notes can also be sent to another calculator via the Notepad Catalog Aplet note view You can attach text to an aplet in its Note view To write a note in Note view Notes and sketches L pA In an aplet press SHiFT NOTE for the Note view Use the note editing keys shown in the table in the following section Set Alpha lock CES for quick entry of letters For lowercase Alpha lock press DER While Alpha lock is on To type a single letter of the opposite
8. PLOT graphicname 15 21 REPLACE SUB ZEROGROB Replaces portion of graphic in graphicnamel with graphicname2 starting at position REPLACE also works for lists and matrices REPLACE graphicnamel position graphicname2 Extracts a portion of the named graphic or list or matrix and stores it in a new variable name The portion is specified by position and positions SUB name graphicname position positions Creates a blank graphic with given width and height and stores it in graphicname ZEROGROB graphicname width height Loop commands DO UNTIL END WHILE REPEAT END 15 22 Loop structures allow a program to execute a routine repeatedly The HP 39G 40G has three loop structures The example programs below illustrate each of these structures incrementing the variable A from to 12 Do Until End is a loop structure that executes the loop clause repeatedly until test clause returns a true nonzero result Because the test is executed after the loop clause the loop clause is always executed at least once Its syntax is DO loop clause UNTIL test clause END 1 gt A DOA t1PA UNTIL A 12 END While Repeat End is a loop structure that repeatedly evaluates fest clause and executes loop clause sequence if the test is true Because the test clause is executed before the loop clause the loop clause is not executed if the test is initially false Its syntax
9. 5 25 Getting started Scientific A number like 5 x 10 or 3 21 x 10 is written in scientific notation notation that is in terms of powers of ten This is simpler to work with than 50000 or 0 000000321 To enter numbers like powers of 10 these use EEX This is easier than using X 10 x 4x 107 6 x 107 3x10 4 Srurr EEX SE eee FUNCTION 8j 13 6 GHEE 230 3 SHIFT ZEX JE 13 8 BE23 73E 54 C3 5 Serra Sees FUNCTION d E 123 6 E2323 105883 S E135 Example Calculate Explicit and Implied multiplication takes place when two operands appear impl icit with no operator in between If you enter AB for example the 2 n z i multiplication 55 However for clarity it is better to include the multiplication sign where you expect multiplication in an expression It is clearest to enter AB as A B HINT Implied multiplication will not always work as expected For example entering A B 4 will not give A B 4 Instead an error message is displayed Invalid User Function This is because the calculator interprets A B 4 as meaning evaluate function A at the value B 4 and function A does not exist When in doubt insert the sign manually Getting started 1 19 Parentheses Algebraic precedence order of evaluation Largest and smallest numbers 1 20 You need to use parentheses to enclose arguments for functions such as SIN 45 You can omit t
10. Calculating predicted values The functions PREDX and PREDY estimate predict values for X or Y given a hypothetical value for the other The estimation is made based on the curve that has been calculated to fit the data according to the specified fit Find predicted values Statistics aplet HINT In Plot view draw the regression curve for the data set Press v to move to the regression curve Press REE and enter the value of X The cursor jumps to the desired point on curve and the coordinate display shows X and the predicted value of Y In HOME Enter PREDX y value to find the predicted estimated value for the independent variable given a hypothetical dependent value Enter PREDY x value to find the predicted value of the dependent variable given a hypothetical independent variable You can type PREDX and PREDY into the edit line or you can copy these function names from the MATH menu under the Stat Two category In cases where more than one fit curve is displayed the PREDY function uses the most recently calculated curve In order to avoid errors with this function uncheck all fits except the one that you want to work with or use the Plot View method 8 21 Inference aplet About the Inference aplet Example data inference aplet The Inference capabilities include calculation of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests based on the Normal Z distribution or Student
11. Plot the 5 Plot the functions functions 3 9 Function aplet Change the scale Trace a graph Analyse graph with FCN functions Function aplet 6 Youcan change the scale to see more or less of your graphs In this example choose Auto Scale See VIEWS menu options on page 2 13 for a description of Auto Scale Select Auto Scale Pieler betar m rFzEPlot Table LF Ower lag Plot a Decimal 7 Trace the linear function 4 6 times Note By default the tracer EM Is active 8 Jump from the linear function to the quadratic function 4 9 Display the Plot view menu MEAL From the Plot view menu you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots intersections slopes and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet and any Function based aplets The FCN functions act on the currently selected graph See FCN functions on page 3 9 for further information 3 3 To find the greater of the two roots of the quadratic function To find the intersection of the two functions 3 4 12 Find the greater of the two roots of the quadratic function Note Move the cursor to the graph of the quadratic equation by pressing the a or key Then move the cursor so that it is near x 1 by pressing the e or a key isl Select Root DE A React j intersection siened area Extremum The r
12. 5 ENTER 4 ENTER to move to the next column 148 EDIT INS SORT BIG LV Ane 1400 920 1100 2265 2890 2200 Statistics aplet Choose fit and data columns Explore statistics Setup plot Statistics aplet 4 8 Select a fit in the Symbolic setup view SHIFT SETUP SYMB XEDE STATISTICS SYMBOLIC SETUP ZEE v TEES AMGLE MEASURE Radians irr inea SgFIT imear Select Linear S3FIT Linear S4FIT Linear LI SFIT L j T Linear CHOUSE STATISTICS MODEL TYPE pees TOWDDS Pees ERE eee bead You can define up to five explorations of two variable data named S1 to S5 In this example we will create just one S1 Specify the columns that hold the data you want to analyze SEIS STATISTICS SYHMEDLIC VIEW SS 31 EE Co wFiti mestb S2 Fitz mtk b EXTER INDEPENDENT CHRD co LSHO You could have entered your data into columns other than C1 and C2 Find the mean advertising time MEANX and the mean sales MEANY MEANX ts about 3 3 minutes and MEANY is Y es ie about 1796 2 33333333333 1 1 1 7 i DRE Scroll down to display the value for the correlation coefficient CORR The CORR value indicates how well the linear model fits the data 9 times ze The value is 0 8995 to i 1135 667 four significant digits Eien PE Change the plotting range to ensure all the data points are plotted and select a different point mark if you wish SHIET
13. Meaning Continued Divides horizontal and vertical scales by the X factor and Y factor For instance 1f zoom factors are 4 then zooming in results in 1 4 as many units depicted per pixel see Set Factors Multiplies horizontal and vertical scales by the X factor and Y factor see Set Factors Divides horizontal scale only using X factor Multiplies horizontal scale using X factor Divides vertical scale only using Y factor Multiplies vertical scale only using Y factor Changes the vertical scale to match the horizontal scale Use this after doing a Box Zoom X Zoom or Y Zoom Sets the X Zoom and Y Zoom factors for zooming Includes option to recenter the plot before zooming Rescales the vertical axis so that the display shows arepresentative piece of the plot for the supplied x axis settings For Sequence and Statistics aplets autoscaling rescales both axes The autoscale process uses the first selected function only to determine the best scale to use Rescales both axes so each pixel 0 1 units Resets default values for XRNG 6 5 to 6 5 and YRNG 3 1 to 3 2 Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets 2 9 ZOOM examples 2 10 Option Meaning Continued Integer Rescales horizontal axis only making each pixel 1 unit Not available in Sequence or Statistics aplets Trg Rescales horizontal axis so 1 pixel 7 24 radian 7 58 or 8 grads rescales ver
14. SHiFT cHARS lt 1 0 ENTER 0 4 B0 amp SHiFT CHARS gt 1D Note You can use the amp menu key to assist in the entry of equations It has the same effect as pressing X T 0 Function aplet 3 11 Parametric aplet About the Parametric aplet The Parametric aplet allows you to explore parametric equations These are equations in which both x and y are defined as functions of r They take the forms x f t and g t Getting starten with the Parametric aplet The following example uses the parametric equations x t 3sint y t 3cost Note This example will produce a circle For this example to work the angle measure must be set to degrees Open the 1 Open the Parametric aplet Parametri arametric LAPLET Select SORES ABLET LIBRARY SS REED aplet saa ae Function K Inferential Parametric Polar eee Define the 2 Enter each equation expressions 3 KASINI x Fe p ENT PARAMETRIC S YMEBLIC VEH SSE VXICTO SS85INCT 3 m rir S COSCT YoCTI Ase T a E CHE ER ER EE SHER EVAL Parametric aplet 4 1 o2 Set angle measure MODES CHILS aNG a MM ae MUM Select Degrees pecu Raid i ans Grads CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE es Ee eee LETT Set the angle measure to degrees Set up the plot Display the graphing options SHIFT PLOT TENG 12 TSTEP 1 SENG 6 5 B S VRNE 2 1 23 2 i ENTER MINIMUM TIME VA
15. To recall a value If the value you want to store is in the HOME view display history for example the results of a previous calculation you need to copy it to the command line then store it 1 Perform the calculation for the result you want to store 35 0809601673 Move the highlight to the result you wish to store Press das to copy the result to the command line Press EE DAL Gees DS Enter a name for the variable a BOIS ERES ETT SEN FUNCTION Seer A 34 92693 sal 7 bRA Peron 6 Press to store the result The results of a calculation can also be stored directly to a variable For example 2 n 3 X FUNCTION Se STOR B 2a C5 S356B 3 17498218394 To recall a variable s value type the name of the variable and press ENTER A Variables and memory management 11 3 To use variables You can use variables in calculations The calculator in calculations substitutes the variable s value in the calculation 65 x AEPHA A ENTER ah HOO A endo uti E Dm MEER e penso RSS arent SEP MEAE RREE Cari EINER S3is4i The VARS menu You use the VARS menu to access all variables in the calculator The VARS menu is organised by category For each variable category in the left column there is a list of variables in the right column You select a variable category and then select a variable in the category ie Open the VARS menu 2 Use
16. 1 SIGN 3 4 retums 6 8 TRUNCATE Truncates value to decimal places Accepts complex numbers TRUNCATE value places Example TRUNCATE 2 3678 2 returns 2 36 XPON Exponent of value XPON value Example XPON 123 4 returns 2 Statistics Two These are functions for use with two variable statistics See Two variable on page 8 14 10 18 Using mathematical functions Symbolic functions The symbolic functions are used for symbolic manipulations of expressions The variables can be formal or numeric but the result is usually in symbolic form not a number You will find the symbols for the symbolic functions and where in the CHARS menu sHiFT CHARS as well as the MATH menu z equals Sets an equality for an equation This is nof a logical operator and does not store values See Test functions on page 10 20 expression expression2 ISOLATE Isolates the first occurrence of variable in expression 0 and returns a new expression where variable newexpression The result is a general solution that represents multiple solutions by including the formal variables s to represent any sign and n to represent any integer ISOLATE expression variable Examples ISOLATE 2 X 8 X returns 4 ISOLATE A B X C X returns A C B LINEAR Tests whether expression is linear for the specified variable Returns 0 false or 1 true LINEAR expression variable Example LINEAR X 2 1 X 1
17. 2 Greater than or equal to Returns 1 if true 0 if false valuel2valueZ NOTER ERE Rec P 10 20 Using mathematical functions AND IFTE NOT OR XOR Compares value and value2 Returns 1 if they are both non Zero otherwise returns 0 valuel AND value2 If expression is true do the trueclause if not do the falseclause IFTE expression trueclause falseclause Example IFTE X gt 0 X7 X Returns 1 if value is zero otherwise returns 0 NOT value Returns 1 if either value or value2 is non zero otherwise returns 0 valuel OR value2 Exclusive OR Returns 1 if either value or value2 but not both of them is non zero otherwise returns 0 valuel XOR value2 Trigonometry functions ACOT ACSC ASEC COT CSC SEC Using mathematical functions The trigonometry functions can also take complex numbers as arguments For SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS and ATAN see the Keyboard category Arc cotangent ACOT value Arc cosecant ACSC value Arc secant ASEC value Cotangent cosx sinx COT value Cosecant l sinx CSC value Secant l cosx SEC value 10 21 Symbolic calculations In HOME Using formal variables Symbolic calculations in the Function aplet 10 22 The HP 39G 40G has the ability to perform symbolic calculations for example symbolic integration and differentiation You can perform symbolic calculations in HOME and in the Funct
18. 3 5 8 12 17 23 in L5 and find the first differences for the list HOME SHIFT 3 5 8 12 SEA FUNCTION Sees TIDSIBLS LITT 3 943 le 17 23 Srurr Eta 703 5 8 12 17 282 ALPHA L 5 ENTER aLISTGLS MATH L o ARIES Select ALIST ths a en EINER EREREE ALPHIA LS ENTER Calculates a sequence of elements for a new list Evaluates expression with variable from begin to end values taken at increment steps MAKELIST expression variable begin end increment The MAKELIST function generates a series by automatically producing a list from the repeated evaluation of an expression Example In HOME generate a list of squares from 23 to 27 MATH L gt S l ect RADI ENSE MAKELIST ATA o OSSE ALPHA A 23 27 929 rb Gea Geb CoU C DJ ESLTS EBEN ee EE ERE If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form SHiFT MODES is set to Comma use instead of 13 8 Lists IILIST POS REVERSE SIZE XLIST SORT Lists Calculates the product of all elements in list HLIST lit Example IILIST 2 3 4 returns 24 Returns the position of an element within a list The element can be a value a variable or an expression If there is more than one instance of the element the position of the first occurrence is returned A value of O is returned if there is no occurrence of the specified element POS list element Example PO
19. Definition n2 ol 02 Results The results are Result Critical Z Au Min Au Max Confidence level sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean sample 1 size Sample 2 size Population 1 standard deviation Population 2 standard deviation ia t EN E a Description Critical value for Z Lower bound for i Hz Upper bound for ii Li nem n A ACRI inference aplet One Proportion Z Interval Menu name inputs Results 9 18 Z INT 1 P This option uses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the proportion of successes in a population for the case in which a sample of size n has a number of successes x The inputs are x Sample success count n Sample size C Confidence level The results are Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z Tt Min Lower bound for 7 Upper bound for x Inference aplet Two Proportion Z Interval Menu name Z INT P1 P2 This option uses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of successes in two populations Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition 1 x1 Sample I success count x2 sample 2 success count nl Sample 1 size n2 sample 2 size bis Confidence level Re
20. Getting started with the F unc onaplet eio terit nennt tek 3 1 PUNCHON aplerinteracHye analysis eue eee we she IEa Lea eda e dies 3 8 Plotting a piecewise defined function example 3 11 Parametric aplet zXbDouUbthe Paranee dpleb iiec m co nc Ee a NO RO PR ARV R 4 Getting started with the Parametric aplet sssessss 4 Polar aplet Getting started with the polar apIet uiee es rh n Eh EEOHAS ERR 5 sequence aplet Aboutthe Sequence aDIBE a divo D diae D Pe iac dria eA A EROS 6 Getting started with the Sequence aplet eerte 6 1 Solve aplet PROOUL ENE SO IVE aDIe Eis so eui ab e Eu Metis uieoss duque ies ee tg 7 1 Getting started with the Solve aplet esiosas es ve eis Pres era boh 7 2 Use ananitial Sue sS cue a tx VeREqe RDUM INU LCD EE CES Ula 7 5 Interprete TES UES ass certe EDI a mos ac teria das eese REI ov pelo eu 7 6 Pl ttine fo Hind PUESSES iore a adt boe EE PUR EM dE M eid 7 8 Usine variables CCUANONS i ce a oe acetic tiu edet Dose du Caos etai esu dea ideo n de 7 10 Statistics aplet About the Statistics aplet i n eni ovde asit eripe da ns N 8 1 Getting started with the Statistics aplet sees 8 1 Entering and editing statistical Ota oio iaceo iiio o ae crabe biet 8 5 Defining a regression model 2V AR os ud ie ened 8 11 Compited SEIDSHOS inni eictvaiiesme du udi ieioentetidaenlaln Wet d dva elut Eu dupE 8 13 ig eis page T E PERDERE 8 15
21. NumIndep Note NoteText Sketch Page Parametric aplet variables The parametric aplet variables are MuW MPAM UU DUUM var M z X A Category Available name Continued Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tmin Tmax Root Slope NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom PageNum Tracing Tstep Xcross YCross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom R 10 Reference information Heference information O n RR Category Symbolic Angle X5 X1 X6 YI Y6 X2 X7 Y2 XT X3 X8 Y3 Y8 X4 X9 Y Y9 X5 XO YO Numeric Droits NumRow Format NumStart NumCol NumStep i NumFont NumType Numindep NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum The polar aplet variables are eee es et Category Available names Axes Connect XCrossS Coord Ycross Grid Xtick Indep YLIGK InvCross Xmin Labels Xmax Recenter Ymin Simult Ymax Umin Xzoom Umax Yxoom Ostep Tracing Symbolic Angle R6 Ri R7 R2 R8 R3 R9 R4 RO R5 Category Available names Continued Numeric Digits NumRow Format NumStart NumCol NumStep NumFont NumType Numindep NumZoom Note NoteText dus Page PageNum Sequence aplet variables The sequence aplet variables are Category Ava
22. SHIFT CHARS to type the single quote mark 15 37 X1 Y1 X9 Y9 X0 YO Parametric H1 R9 RO Polar U1 U9 UO Sequence E1 E9 EO Solve S1fit S5fit Statistics 15 38 Can contain any expression Independent variable is T Example POTN 4ST te Yli7 2 SIN O T STOP X1 T Can contain any expression Independent variable is 0 Example 2 SIN 2 0 gt R1 0 Can contain any expression Independent variable is N Example RECURSE U U N 1 N 1 2 gt Ul N Can contain any equation or expression ndependent variable is selected by highlighting it in Numeric View Example X Y X 2 Y gt El Defines the type of fit to be used by the FIT operation in drawing the regression line From Symbolic Setup view specify the fit in the field for SIFIT S2FIT etc or In a program store one of the following constant names or numbers into a variable Sifit S2 it etc Linear LogFit ExpFit Power QuadFit OCHbLG Logist CI oO Ur amp tw NM p User defined Example Cubic S2fit OT 6 gt S2fit Programming Numeric view variables C1 C9 CO Statistics Digits All Aplets Programming The following aplet variables control the Numeric view The value of the variable applies to the current aplet only CO through C9 for columns of data Can contain lists Enter data in the Numeric view or In a program type LIST Cn wheren 0 1 2 3 9 Numb
23. ViewNumber ViewNumber is the number of a view to start after the program finishes running For example if you want the menu option to display the Plot view when the associated program finishes you would specify 1 as the ViewNumber value Including standard menu options To include one of an aplet s standard View menu options in your customized menu set up the arguments trio as follows e The first argument specifies the menu item name Leave the argument empty to use the standard Views menu name for the item or Enter a menu item name to replace the standard name e The second argument specifies the program to run Leave the argument empty to run the standard menu option Insert a program name to run the program before the standard menu option is selected e The third argument specifies the view and the menu number for the item Determine the menu number from the View numbers table below Note SETVIEWS with no arguments resets the views to default of the base aplet Programming UNCHECK View numbers The views are numbered as follows 0 HOME 11 List Catalog 1 Plot 12 Matrix Catalog 2 Symbolic 13 Notepad Catalog 3 Numeric 14 Programs Catalog 4 Plot Setup 15 Plot Detail 5 Symbolic Setup 16 Plot Table 6 Numeric Setup 17 Overlay Plot 7 Views 18 Auto scale 8 Note 19 Decimal 9 Sketch view 20 Integer 10 Aplet Catalog 21 Trig Unchecks unselects the corresponding function in the curre
24. Waits for a key then stores the keycode rc p in name where r Is row number c is column number and p is key plane number The key planes numbers are 1 for unshifted 2 for shifted 4 for alpha shifted and 5 for both alpha shifted and shifted GETKEY name Creates an input form with a title bar and one field The field has a label and a default value There is text help at the bottom of the form The user enters a value and presses the ME menu key The value that the user enters is stored in the variable name The title label and help items are text strings and need to be enclosed in double quotes Use SHIFT CHARS to type the quote marks INPUT name title label help default Example INPUT Re Circular Area Radius Enter Number 1 15 27 MSGBOX PROMPT WAIT 15 28 Displays a message box containing textitem A text item consists of any number of expressions and quoted strings of text The expressions are evaluated and turned into strings of text For example AREA IS 2 2becomes AREA IS 4 Use SHIFT CHARS to type the quote marks MSGBOX textitem Example 15A MSGBOX AREA IS T A 2 You can also use the NoteText variable to provide text arguments This can be used to insert line breaks For example press SHiFT NOTE and type AREA IS ENTER The position line MSGBOX NoteText mX A 2 will display the same message box as the previous example Displays an input box with
25. value Using mathematical functions Real number functions Some real number functions can also take complex arguments CEILING Smallest integer greater than or equal to value CEILING value Examples CEILING 3 2 returns 4 CETLING 3 2 returns 3 DEG RAD Degrees to radians Converts value from Degrees angle format to Radians angle format DEG RAD value Example DEG RAD 180 returns 3 14159265359 the value of m FLOOR Greatest integer less than or equal to value FLOOR value Example FLOOR 3 2 returns 4 FNROOT Function root finder like the Solve aplet Finds the value for the given variable at which expression most nearly evaluates to zero Uses guess as initial estimate FNROOT expression variable guess Example FNROOT M 9 8 600 1 M 1 returns 61 2244897959 FRAC Fractional part FRAC value Example FRAC 23 2 returns 2 Using mathematical functions 10 15 HMS HMS INT MANT MAX MIN 10 16 Hours minutes seconds to decimal Converts a number or expression in H MMSSs format time or angle that can include fractions of a second to x x format number of hours or degrees with a decimal fraction HMS H MMSSs Example HMS 8 30 returns 8 5 Decimal to hours minutes seconds Converts a number or expression in x x format number of hours or degrees with a decimal fraction to H MMSSs format time or angle up to fractions of a second HMS x x Exa
26. 1 ABS 1 2 returns 2 2360679775 NA Takes the nth root of x root NTHROOT value Example 3 NTHROOT 8 returns 2 10 6 Using mathematical functions Calculus functions The symbols for differentiation and integration are available directly form the keyboard d dx and f respectively as well as from the MATH menu Differentiates expression with respect to the variable of differentiation From the command line use a formal name S1 etc for a non numeric result See Finding derivatives on page 10 23 Ovariable expression Example Osi 917 3 s1 returns 2 s143 j Integrates expression from lower to upper limits with respect to the variable of integration To find the definite integral both limits must have numeric values that is be numbers or real variables To find the indefinite integral one of the limits must be a formal variable s1 etc Hlower upper expression variable See Using formal variables on page 10 22 for further details Example f 0 s1 2 X 3 X ENTER a JEGIS finds the indefinite result 3 s1 2 81 2 2 See To find the indefinite integral using formal variables on page 10 25 for more information on finding indefinite integrals TAYLOR Calculates the nth order Taylor polynomial of expression at the point where the given variable 0 TAYLOR expression variable n Example TAYLOR 1 sin s1 s1 5 with Radians angle measure and Fraction number format set in MOD
27. 1 2 indefinite integral using symbolic variables 10 25 independent values adding to table 2 19 independent variable defined for Tracing mode 15 32 inference confidence intervals 9 16 hypothesis tests 9 9 One Proportion Z Interval 9 18 One Sample Z Interval 9 16 One Sample Z Test 9 9 Two Proportion Z Interval 9 19 Two Proportion Z Test 9 12 Two Sample T Interval 9 21 Two Sample Z Interval 9 17 infinite result R 19 infrared transmission of aplets between ma chines 16 5 initial guess 7 5 input forms resetting default values 1 9 setting Modes 1 11 insufficient memory R 19 insufficient statistics data R 19 integer rank matrix 12 12 integer scaling 2 14 2 16 integral definite 10 7 indefinite 10 25 integration 10 7 interpreting intermediate guesses 7 7 intersection interactive 3 10 invalid dimension R 19 statistics data R 19 syntax R 19 inverse hyperbolic cosine 10 9 inverse hyperbolic functions 10 10 inverse hyperbolic sine 10 9 inverse hyperbolic tangent 10 9 inverting matrices 12 7 isect variable 15 32 K keyboard editing keys 1 5 entry keys 1 5 inactive keys 1 7 list keys 13 2 math functions 1 7 menu keys 1 4 Notepad keys 14 8 shifted keystrokes 1 6 L labeling axes 2 6 parts of a sketch 14 5 letters typing 1 6 library managing aplets in 16 6 linear fit 8 12 EOM INN Index list arithmetic with 13 7 calculate sequence of elements 13 8 calculating product of 13 9 compos
28. 12 1 changing row position 15 24 column norm 12 10 comma 13 7 commands 12 10 condition number 12 10 create identity 12 13 creating 12 3 creating in Home 12 5 deleting 12 4 deleting columns 15 23 deleting rows 15 23 determinant 12 10 display eigenvalues 12 11 displaying 12 5 displaying matrix elements 12 5 dividing by a square matrix 12 7 dot product 12 10 editing 12 4 extracting a portion 15 24 finding the trace of a square matrix 12 13 inverting 12 7 matrix calculations 12 1 te te tt tt Aa l 6 index multiplying and dividing by scalar 12 6 multiplying by vector 12 7 multiplying row by value and adding result to second row 15 24 multiplying row number by value 15 24 negating elements 12 7 opening Matrix Editor 15 26 redimension 15 24 replacing portion of matrix or vector 15 24 sending or receiving 12 4 singular value decomposition 12 12 singular values 12 12 size 12 12 spectral norm 12 12 spectral radius 12 12 start Matrix Editor 15 23 storing elements 12 3 12 5 storing matrix elements 12 5 swap column 15 24 swap row 15 24 transposing 12 13 variables 12 1 matrix functions 12 10 COLNORM 12 10 COND 12 10 CROSS 12 10 DET 12 10 DOT 12 10 EIGENVAL 12 11 EIGENVV 12 11 IDENMAT 12 11 INVERSE 12 11 LQ 12 11 LSQ 12 11 LU 12 11 MAKEMAT 12 11 QR 12 12 RANK 12 12 ROWNORM 12 12 RREF 12 12 SCHUR 12 12 SIZE 12 12 SPECNORM 12 12 SPECRAD 12 12 SVD 12 12 SVL 12 12
29. 15 Setting up the table numeric view setup Numeric view settings Reset numeric settings 2 15 Press SHIFT NUM to define HU FUNCTION NUMERIC SETUP See any of the table settings Use NUMSTART i NUMSTEP NUMTYPE 1 the Numeric Setup input Automatic form to configure the table BAPE Ann 4 LENTERA STARTING VALUE FOR TABLE 1 Highlight the field to edit Use the arrow keys to move from field to field If there is a number to enter type it in and press or MS To modify an existing number press If there is an option to choose press ELERS highlight your choice and press ENTER or BS Shortcut Press the 38383 key to copy values from the Plot Setup into NUMSTART and NUMSTEP Effectively the 128383 menu key allows you to make the table match the pixel columns in the graph view 2 When done press to view the table of numbers The following table details the fields on the Numeric Setup input form _ Field Meaning NUMSTART The independent variable s starting value The size of the increment from one independent variable value to the next NUMSTEP Type of numeric table Automatic or Build Your Own To build your own table you must type each independent value into the table yourself i NUMTYPE NUMZOOM Allows you to zoom in or out on a selected value of the independent variable To reset the default values for all
30. 67 and D 100 or Y 200A 277 8889 This graph is also a line The desired solution is the value of A where these two lines intersect 6 Plot the equation for variable A Select Auto Scale 2 rad eM Tr El 771 7284 e M MM M M M oo a Solve aplet 7 3 7 Trace along the graph representing the left member of the equation until the cursor nears the intersection gt 20 times Note the value of A displayed near the bottom left corner of the i 2 5 u EL 71 7284 KAT screen The Plot view provides a convenient way to find an approximation to a solution before using the Numeric view Solve option See Plotting to find guesses on page 7 8 for more information Solve aplet s NUM view keys The Solve aplet s NUM view keys are Meaning B oe Copies the highlighted value to the edit line for editing Press when done THE Displays a message about the solution see Interpreting results on page 7 6 Displays other pages of variables if any DEFN Displays the symbolic definition of the current expression Press i when done Finds a solution for the highlighted variable based on the values of the other variables DEL Clears highlighted variable to zero or deletes current character in edit line if edit line is active SHIFTICLEAR Resets all variable values to zero or clears the edit l
31. CEM comparisons l This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is Send data equations notes and even E lessons to friends subject to the following two conditions I This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause need wires or cables undesired operation RIAL Hewlett Packard C NOM 1 44 Palo Alto CA USA 94304 Calculator made in China and classmates With the built in infrared port you won t e 2 dosi package will not All other foreign items as marked thereon interfere with package recycling Hewlett Packard Company 2000 IP Product FI906A Proof of Purchase 30P Option ABA TIL mm TIL n n Manual p n ABA ABB FI906 90001
32. Function and Sequence Aplets You can also scroll move the cursor left or right beyond the edge of the display window in trace mode giving you a view of more of the plot If there is more than one relation displayed press a or to move between relations To jump straight to a value rather than using the Trace function use the ERES menu key Press 888 then enter a value Press isi to jump to the value If the menu labels are not displayed press i amp issii first Turn off trace mode by pressing Hita Turn on trace mode by pressing SEHiLS3 e To turn the coordinate display off press EEM One of the menu key options is Riis Zooming redraws the plot on a larger or smaller scale It is a shortcut for changing the Plot Setup With the Set Factors option you can specify the factors that determine the extent of zooming and whether the zoom is centered about the cursor Press ERMS select an option and press Hia If ESSSI is not displayed press i l si i Not all PRSI options are available in all aplets Option Meaning Center Re centers the plot around the current position of the cursor without changing the scale Lets you draw a box to zoom in on See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 13 Aplets and their views Aplets and their views Qut A Z00m In X 4oom Out Y Zoom In Y Zoom Out Square Set Factors Auto Scaie Decimal
33. HINT Display the numeric view Set up the table 3 6 18 Display the numerical value of the integral Es Note See Shading area on page 3 10 for another method of calculating area 19 Move the cursor to the quadratic equation and find the extremum of the quadratic Select Extremum Ma The coordinates of the extremum are displayed at the bottom of the screen The Root and Extremum functions return one value only even if the function has more than one root or extremum The function finds the value closest to the position of the cursor You need to re locate the cursor to find other roots or extrema that may exist 20 Display the numeric view NUM 21 Display the numeric setup sHIFT SETUP NUM NUIMZTRRT HUMSTER i HUMTYPE Automatic NUMZOOM d ENTER STARTING VALUE FOR TABLE LEHT oio CT d See Setting up the table numeric view setup on page 2 16 for more information Function aplet Explore the table To navigate around a table To go directly to a value To access the zoom options Function aplet 22 Match the table settings to the pixel columns in the graph view HUPISTART alate MltsTEP 1 MUMTYPE FHutaomatic HUMZGOM 4d EHTER STARTING RLUE FOR TABLE EGIT 23 Display a table of numeric values NUM 24 Move to X 5 9 6 times 25 Move directly to X 10 10 fis uu
34. ISECT Shading area You can shade a selected area between functions This process also gives you an approximate measurement of the area shaded 1 Open the Function aplet The Function aplet opens in the Symbolic view 2 Select the expressions whose curves you want to study Press to plot the functions 4 Press 4 or to position the cursor at the starting point of the area you want to shade 5 Press SIEHE 6 Press HEHE then select Signed area and press HA 7 Press BES choose the function that will act as the boundary of he shaded area and press Bii Press the 4 or gt key to shade in the area 9 Press EES to calculate the area The area measurement is displayed near the bottom of the screen To remove the shading press PLOT to re draw the plot Function aplet Plotting a piecewise defined function example suppose you wanted to graph the following piecewise defined function foe x s lL lt x lt l 1 Open the Function aplet mo SYMEULIC VEH See Select Function ERE 7 EDT iv CHK 6 SHO 2 Highlight the line you want to use and enter the expression You can press DEL to delete an existing line or SHIFT CLEAR to clear all lines BH 2D DP meee J D E SESS FUMCTIDM SYHMEDLIC VIEH EE CHARS FIO ZOMZMCORE 15 F2ODEMB CHR 1 AWD C 1D eE3cHoC4 CHL Face j Hle Ge PCH sHiFT CHARS gt 1 E EDIT CHK H ERR Shot AND f
35. PIOLIVDES espe ur UR ED pde Supra ed Vd Un T pH e eds 8 16 PIN a curve tO 2V AR dabauu oo epo duse io EARS 8 17 Setting up the plot Plot setup view sess 8 18 TEOUDIC SNOOHAS d DIOL xps aer t HER qd Nt 8 19 EDON the ordpli ooo ss eee te deii eot te IU seeds 8 20 Calculate predicted Value S iesistie exi lote aed rA RE E RUERS 8 21 Contents 9 Inference aplet ADOBLIbe Inference aplet osi dd ie p been a 9 Getting started with the Inference aplet sseseeeeeeeeeee 9 2 Importing Sample Statistics from the Statistics aplet 9 5 PUY poesis POSES noeuds Co ssplicietet Seach deur atia tendo EUM C LIEU ud 9 9 Cnessambple AA Sige estas eo NIRE E NM stet eee See ew 9 9 TXossample Z 8E se o edd pbnabd une N 9 10 One PIODOFHOB ZV CSE d dicus egeret eredi beo tubas cetadbse ind 9 11 Two Propornion A DOSE aruon e x ioa RAP ERIonEtuca bU 9 12 Su ELLE acess thent essunsigendaeeid a aaa A 9 13 ib rU Te Mm er 9 14 COBHIGHCO TOTO TUIS aci avi pda Aa 9 16 One ample Z Inleryal saec tet rb vto Rebate UE 9 16 TWOsbample Z Inerval iic md E US neces 9 17 OnDnecPrIoportiom Z Interval ss ids odenu ree rat dettes 9 18 Two Proportion Z Interval esserci ert ek reed 9 19 One Sample T Interval cccccssscscsssscscccesscceessccsessseeseseseecss 9 20 Two bample T Intetval isse ri ute sonnytaed are hte esp trei Eu 9 21 10 Using mathematical functions hub Miro onon a adeau
36. Poe Choose an inferential method o JN nk 2 Define the type of test HETHOD HYPOTH TEST TYPE Z Test 1p L5 LER Choose alternative hypothesis BES a a a a lg oo o A Inference aplet 9 3 Enter data Display on line help Display test results in numeric format 9 4 4 Enter the sample statistics and population parameters that define the chosen test or interval SHIFT SETUP NUM SEENSRINF STAT NUMERIC SETUP SBE xt d amp l3s63 n SA pn 5S 6 0 088f6 AS SGHpPle nean The table below lists the fields in this view for our current Z Test lp example Field name Definition uo Assumed population mean ej Population standard deviation X Sample mean n Sample size i a Alpha level for the test URNAM NN By default each field already contains a value These values constitute the example database and are explained in the WASE feature of this aplet 5 Display the on line help Tests the nuit Aypethesas that ate ae Ee ngap i an assunad qiue ud d3ginzt the diserhatibe ypotheses 6 To close the on line help EUM te data press ER t OF du de nunbers Fron A i generated TM EE E has a Kean oF d 451262 The e Display the test results in numeric format NUM SERS INF STAT NUMERIC VIEN See V0 The test distribution value lu dio Dorm and its associated d
37. SIN 9 SSS TRIANGLES SYMBOLIC VIEH SERRE B E2 COSCA ICAHN ALPHA H ES TANCS 07A COS ALPHA 0 0 2s a w A ALPHA H TAN ALPHA 0 DJ B O 2 ALPHA ALPHA A X2 ALPHA B x Bl ALPHA C X2 Extending aplets 3 Decide whether you want the aplet to operate in Degrees Radians or Grads SHIFT MODES Le ELLE Select Degrees CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE es EEEED ee ANEL 4 Ensure the TRIANGLES aplet is saved in the Aplet Library The Solve aplet can now be reset and used for other problems Example To use the customized aplet variable m HPLET LIBRARY Zeek EER TOS TRIANGLES BRE Parametric Function BKB Inferential KB Polar Oke r ZAVE FS SOET EMD RELV START To use the aplet simply select the appropriate formula change to the Numeric view and solve for the missing Find the length of a ladder leaning against a vertical wall if it forms an angle of 35 with the horizontal and extends 5 metres up the wall l Select the aplet Select TRIANGLES TARET 2 Choose the sine formula in GA TRANGLES SYHEDLIC VIEI EL 4 4 4 2 M 3 Change to the Numeric view and enter the known E values NUM 35 5 Extending aplets RENS TRIANGLES STMEDLIC VIEH S Ei SINCA J 0 H E2 COS CB o R Z H ES THHCB2 0 R v Ed He Bezce ES y EGIT PAG EI ERE SHOR DEVAL EL SINCH S 0AH E2 005C853 Hz H ES TANC8
38. Symbolic view The correct plotting range Try using Auto Scale instead of PLOT or adjust the plotting parameters in Plot Setup for the ranges of the axes and the width of histogram bars HWIDTH In ES mode ensure that both paired columns contain data and that they are the same length In Sii mode ensure that a paired column of frequency values is the same length as the data column that it refers to 8 19 Exploring the graph The Plot view has menu keys for zooming tracing and coordinate display There are also scaling options under views These options are described in Exploring the graph on page 2 7 Statistics aplet s PLOT view keys 8 20 CLEAR Erases the plot Offers additional pre defined views for splitting the screen overlaying plots and autoscaling the axes Moves cursor to far left or far right Displays ZOOM menu Turns trace mode on off The white box appears next to the option when Trace mode is active Turns fit mode on off Turning i388 on draws a curve to fit the data points according to the current regression model Enables you to specify a value on the statistics only line of best fit to jump to or a data point number to jump to Displays the equation of the regression curve Hides and displays the menu key labels When the labels are hidden any menu key displays the x y coordinates Pressing i amp i3zi i redisplays the menu labels Statistics aplet
39. The reduced row echelon matrix gives the solution to the linear equation in the forth column An advantage of using the RREF function is that it will also work with inconsistent matrices resulting from systems of equations which have no solution or infinite solutions For example the following set of equations has an infinite number of solutions The final row of zeros in the reduced row echelon form of the augmented matrix indicates an inconsistency PENS GDS EG 12 14 Matrices 13 Lists bE A Tae EES e unine nnair teinin IEMNIV UIDI oe Aaa EPS Pe ioe ee eae in eS TL os ee a You can do list operations in HOME and in programs A list consists of comma separated real or complex numbers expressions or matrices all enclosed in braces A list may for example contain a sequence of real numbers such as 1 2 3 Ifthe Decimal Mark in MODES is set to Comma then the separators are periods Lists represent a convenient way to group related objects There are ten list variables available named LO to L9 You can use them in calculations or expressions in HOME or ina program Retrieve the list names from the VARS menu or just type their names from the keyboard You can create edit delete send and receive named lists in the List catalog SHIFT L ST You can also create and store lists named or unnnamed in HOME Creating lists List variables are identical in behaviour to the columns C1 CO i
40. USE Enter the precision that you want to use and press MA to set the precision Press to return to HOME See Setting fraction precision below for more information Getting started Setting The fraction precision setting determines the precision in fraction which the HP 39G 40G converts a decimal value to a fraction JE The greater the precision value that is set the closer the precision fraction is to the decimal value By choosing a precision of 1 you are saying that the fraction only has to match 0 234 to at least decimal place 3 13 is 0 23070 The fractions used are found using the technique of continued fractions When converting recurring decimals this can be important For example at precision 6 the decimal 0 6666 becomes 3333 5000 6666 10000 whereas at precision 3 0 6666 becomes 2 3 which is probably what you would want For example when converting 234 to a fraction the precision value has the following effect e Precision set to H e Precision set to 2 e Precision set to 3 e Precision set to 4 Getting started 1 25 Fraction calculations Converting decimals to fractions 1 26 When entering fractions e You use the key to separate the numerator part and the denominator part of the fraction e To enter a mixed fraction for example 1 gt you enter it in the format 14 5 For example to perform the following calculation 30031 955 1 Se
41. areal number or it caused an error Constant The value of the equation is the same at every point sampled It is important to check the information relating to the solve process For example the solution that the Solve aplet finds is not a solution but the closest that the function gets to zero Only by checking the information will you know that this is the case You can watch the process of the root finder calculating and searching for a root Immediately after pressing HASHI to start the root finder press any key except ON You will see two intermediate guesses and to the left the sign of the expression evaluated at each guess For example 2 2 219330555745 1 21 31111111149 You can watch as the root finder either finds a sign reversal or converges on a local extrema or does not converge at all If there is no convergence in process you might want to cancel the operation press ON and start over with a different initial guess Solve aplet 7 7 Plotting to find guesses The main reason for plotting in the Solve aplet is to help you find initial guesses and solutions for those equations that have difficult to find or multiple solutions Consider the equation of motion for an accelerating body 2 PR at where x is distance vo is initial velocity t is time and a is acceleration This is actually two equations y x and 2 y vot t a 2 Since this equation is quadratic f
42. based on their standard deviations The results are l Result l Description Oo Cauca T T value joi TC u Min Lower bound for Wy u A u Max Upper bound for u4 Us i 9 21 10 Using mathematical functions Math functions The HP 39G 40G contains many math functions The functions are grouped in categories For example the Matrix category contains functions for manipulating matrices The Probability category shown as Prob on the MATH menu contains functions for working with probability To use a math function you enter the function onto the command line and include the arguments in parentheses after the function You can also select a math function from the MATH menu The MATH menu The MATH menu provides access to math functions and programming constants The MATH menu is organized by category For each category of functions on the left there is a list of function names on the right The highlighted category is the current category dr t MATH FUNCTIONS Sees CETERIS CE TL ING Stat Twuo DEG RAD Sumbolic FLOOR Tests YIFHEOOT w e When you press MATH you see the menu list of Math functions The menu key ELO indicates that the MATH FUNCTIONS menu list is active Using mathematical functions 10 1 To select a function Function categories x Press to display the MATH menu The categories appear in alphabetical order Press v or a to scro
43. below To erase all memory and reset defaults To reset using the keyboard R 4 Press and hold the key and the third menu key simultaneously then release them If the calculator does not respond to the above key sequence then I Turn the calculator over and locate the small hole in the back of the calculator Insert the end of a straightened metal paper clip into the hole as far as it will go Hold it there for 1 second then remove it Press ON If necessary press and the first and last menu keys simultaneously Reference information To erase all memory and reset defaults If the calculator does not respond to the above resetting procedures you might need to restart it by erasing all of memory You will lose everything you have stored Al factory default settings are restored m Press and hold the key the first menu key and the last menu key simultaneously Release all keys Note To cancel this process release only the top row keys then press the third menu key If the calculator does not turn on If the HP 39G 40G does not turn on follow the steps below until the calculator turns on You may find that the calculator turns on before you have completed the procedure If the calculator still does not turn on please contact Customer Support for further information m 2 Reference information Press and hold the key for 10 seconds Press and hold the key and the third menu key simult
44. case press letter To type a single non alpha character such as 5 or press ALPHA first This turns off Alpha lock for one character Your work is automatically saved Press any view key NUM SYMB PLOT viEws or HOME to exit the Notes view 14 1 Note edit keys 14 2 Meaning Space key for text entry Displays next page of a multi page note Alpha lock for letter entry Lower case Alpha lock Backspaces cursor and deletes character Deletes current character Starts a new line Erases the entire note Menu for entering variable names and contents of variables MATH Menu for entering math operations and constants SHIFT CMDS Menu for entering program commands SHIFT CHARS Displays special characters To type one highlight it and press Bi To copy a character without closing the CHARS screen press EEE EE S s bi Notes and sketches Aplet sketch view You can attach pictures to an aplet in its Sketch view SHIFT SKETCH Your work is automatically saved with the aplet Press any other view key or to exit the Sketch View Sketch keys Meaning mM k T E 5 Stores the specified portion of the current sketch to a graphics variable GI through GO Adds a new blank page to the current sketch set Displays next sketch in the sketch set Ani
45. define your 1 In Numeric view make sure ENEN is set own fit 2 Display the Symbolic view 3 Highlight the Fit expression Fit1 etc for the desired data set 4 Type in an expression and press ENTER The independent variable must be X and the expression must not contain any unknown variables Example 1 5 x cosx 0 3 x sinx This automatically changes the Fit type S1FIT etc in the Symbolic Setup view to User Defined 8 12 Statistics aplet Computed statistics One variable Statistics aplet Number of data points Sum of data values with their frequencies Mean value of data set Population variance of data set Sample variance of data set Population standard deviation of data set Sample standard deviation of data set Minimum data value in data set First quartile median of ordinals to left of median Median value of data set Third quartile median of ordinals to right of median Maximum data value in data set When the data set contains an odd number of values the data set s median value 1s not used when calculating Q1 and Q3 in the table above For example for the following data set 13555 4 9515 16 173 only the first three items 3 5 and 7 are used to calculate Q1 and only the last three terms 15 16 and 17 are used to calculate Q3 8 13 Two variable Mean of x independent values Sum of x values 3
46. entry of equations Define known 3 Display the Solve numeric view screen variables NUM BOOS SILVE MUMERIC VIEH SE MW LI Ri B ENTER VALUE Dk PRESS SOLVE 4 Enter the values for the known variables 2 7 7 8 ccs SOLVE MUERE WEL Sonn veces 16067 E 1 0 0 ENTER ENTER VALUE UR PRESS SOLVE HINT Ifthe Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form SHiFT MODES is set to Comma use instead of 7 2 Solve aplet Solve the 5 Solve for the unknown variable A unknown v v Eid ES SOLVE NUMERIC VEH ZERBEN variable El fee 4691975 iD BH ENTER VALUE DR PRESS SOLVE EDIT IMFO foo pe Therefore the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16 67 m sec 60 kph to 27 78 m sec 100 kph in a distance of 100 m is approximately 2 47 4 m s Because the variable A in the equation is linear once values are substituted into V U and D we know that we need not look for any other solutions Plot the The Plot view shows one graph for each member of the eq uation selected equation You can choose any of the variables in the Numeric view to be the independent variable The other variables take on the values assigned to them in the Numeric view The current equation is V U 2AD With the variable A highlighted the Plot view will show two graphs One of these is Y v with V 27 78 or Y 771 7284 This graph will be a horizontal line The other graph will be Y U 2AD with U 16
47. function only to determine the best scale to use Decimal Rescales both axes so each pixel 0 1 unit Resets default values for XRNG 6 5 to 6 5 and YRNG 3 1 to 3 2 Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets Integer Rescales horizontal axis only making each pixel 1 unit Not available in Sequence or Statistics aplets Tig Rescales horizontal axis so 1 pixel 7 24 radian 7 58 or g 3 grads rescales vertical axis so l pixel 0 1 unit Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets nnn 2 13 Split the screen The Plot Detail view can give you two simultaneous views of the plot L ho Press views Select Plot Detail and press MS The graph is plotted twice You can now zoom in on the right side Press MAM EEGs select the zoom method and press Eis or ENTER This zooms the right side Here is an example of split screen with Zoom In YT The Plot menu keys are available as for the full plot for tracing coordinate display equation display and so on 4 moves the leftmost cursor to the screen s left edge and sHiFT moves the rightmost cursor to the screen s right edge The mmm menu key copies the right plot to the left plot To un split the screen press PLOT The left side takes over the whole screen The Plot Table view gives you two simultaneous views of the plot l 2 14 Press ViEws Select P1ot Table and press MA The screen
48. is WHILE fest clause REPEAT loop clause END 1 A WHILE A 12 REPEAT A 1 gt A END Programming FOR TO STEP END BREAK FOR name start expression TO end expression STEP increment loop clause END FOR A 1 TO 12 STEP 1 DISP 3 A END Note that the STEP parameter is optional If it is omitted a step value of 1 is assumed Terminates loop BREAK Matrix commands ADDCOL ADDROW DELCOL DELROW EDITMAT Programming The matrix commands take variables MO M9 as arguments Add Column Inserts values into a column before column number in the specified matrix You enter the values as a vector The values must be separated by commas and the number of values must be the same as the number of rows in the matrix name ADDCOL name value value column number Add Row Inserts values into a row before row number in the specified matrix You enter the values as a vector The values must be separated by commas and the number of values must be the same as the number of columns in the matrix name ADDROW name value value row number Delete Column Deletes the specified column from the specified matrix DELCOL name column number Delete Row Deletes the specified row from the specified matrix DELROW name row number Starts the Matrix Editor and displays the specified matrix If used in programming returns to the program when user presses ETH EDITMAT name 15 2
49. is available in Note view NoteText Use NoteText to recall text previously entered in Note view All Aplets Sketch variables The following aplet variables are available in Sketch view Page Defines a page in a sketch set A sketch set can contain up to All Aplets 10 graphics The graphics can be viewed one at a time using the EX3a3iisi3 and iiic xd keys The Page variable refers to the currently displayed page of a sketch set In a program type graphicname gt Page PageNum Index for referring to a particular page of the sketch set in All Aplets Sketch view In a program type the page that is shown when SHIFT SKETCH is pressed n e PageNum tt th 15 42 Programming 16 Extending aplets Aplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of mathematical operations You can extend the capability of the HP 39G 40G in the following ways Create new aplets based on existing aplets with specific configurations such as angle measure graphical or tabular settings and annotations e Transmit aplets between HP 39G calculators via an infra red link e Download e lessons teaching aplets from the Hewlett Packard s Calculator web site e Program new aplets See chapter 15 Programming for further details Creating new aplets based on existing aplets You can create a new aplet based on an existing aplet To create a new aplet save an existing aplet under a new name then modify
50. maximum real number 10 9 minimum real number 10 9 program R 17 contrast decreasing display 1 2 increasing display 1 2 coordinate display 2 8 copying display 1 21 graphics 14 6 notes 14 8 programs 15 8 correlation coefficient 8 17 CORR 8 17 statistical 8 14 cosecant 10 21 cosine 10 4 inverse hyperbolic 10 9 cotangent 10 21 covariance statistical 8 14 creating aplet 16 1 notes in Notepad 14 6 programs 15 4 sketches 14 3 critical value s displayed 9 4 cross product vector 12 10 curve fitting 8 11 8 17 D data set definition 8 7 date setting 15 26 debugging programs 15 7 decimal changing marker format 1 10 scaling 2 14 2 16 decreasing display contrast 1 2 definite integral 10 7 npg LL E EE EM E M E M LLL1L LLHVAA EE A I2 index deleting aplet 16 6 lists 13 6 matrices 12 4 programs 15 9 statistical data 8 10 delimiters programming 15 1 derivatives definition of 10 7 in Function aplet 10 24 in Home 10 23 determinant square matrix 12 10 differentiation 10 7 display 15 20 adjusting contrast 1 2 annunciator line 1 2 capture 15 20 clearing 1 2 date and time 15 26 element 12 5 engineering 1 10 fixed 1 10 fraction 1 10 history 1 21 line 1 21 list elements 13 4 matrices 12 5 parts of 1 2 printing contents 15 25 rescaling 2 14 scientific 1 10 scrolling through history 1 23 soft key labels 1 2 standard 1 10 divide 10 4 drawing circles 14 4 keys 14 4 lines and boxes 14 3 Drawing commands ARC
51. of the calculator A value that is assigned to a home variable anywhere remains with that variable wherever its name is used Therefore if you have defined a value for T as in the above example in another aplet or even another Solve equation that value shows up in the Numeric view for this Solve equation When you then redefine the value for T in this Solve equation that value is applied to T in all other contexts until it is changed again This sharing allows you to work on the same problem in different places such as HOME and the Solve aplet without having to update the value everywhere whenever it is recalculated As the Solve aplet uses any existing variable values be sure to check for existing variable values that may affect the solve process You can use SHIFT CLEAR to reset all values to zero in the Solve aplet s Numeric view if you wish Functions defined in other aplets can also be referenced in the Solve aplet For example if in the Function aplet you define F1 X 2X 1 0 you can enter F1 X 50 in the Solve aplet to solve the equation X 10 50 Solve aplet Statistics aplet About the Statistics aplet The Statistics aplet can store up to ten separate data sets at one time It can do one variable or two variable statistical analysis of one or more sets of data The Statistics aplet starts with the Numeric view which 1s used to enter data The Symbolic view is used to specify which columns contain
52. random numbers produced by the calculator 9529 0295 9952 9259 9925 J592 HINT Ifthe Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form SHIFT MODES is set to Comma use instead of 3 If necessary select 1 variable statistics Do this by is displayed as pressing the fifth menu key until PAMTE its menu label Calculate statistics m Calculate statistics The mean of 0 592 seems a little large compared to the expected value of 0 5 To see if the difference is statistically significant we will use the statistics computed here to construct a confidence interval for the true mean of the population of random numbers and see whether or not this interval contains 0 5 5 Press GES to close the computed statistics window Open 6 Open the Inference aplet and clear current settings Inference aplet Select SHEBBEINF STAT SYMEBLIC VIEH BRE Inference Dang yPOTH TEST FYES TYRE zZ Tezt 1 pn ALT HYPOTH p lt a El Cheoze an ankerential Hethod BETTE oes Pose ct nL LN Rt Mee 9 6 inference aplet Choose 7 inference method and type Set up the 9 interval calculation Import the data 10 inference aplet Choose an inference method TYPE ENT i Choos Gh inFerentigl Hethad Choose a distribution statistic type v EME select T Int METHOD CONF IHTERVRL THRE TINT 1 i Choose distribution statistic Set up the interval
53. the Normal distribution Z M4 Uo the Z Test on the difference of two means Z Int 1 P the confidence interval for 1 proportion based on the Normal distribution Z 1 P the Z Test on proportion Fs P Po the Z Test on the difference in two proportions Z Int P P the confidence interval for the difference of two proportions based on the Normal distribution T 1 u the T Test on mean T Int 1 u the confidence interval for 1 mean based on the Student s t distribution T M45 the T Test on the difference of two means T Int u Hz the confidence interval for the difference of two means based on the Student s t distribution Inference aplet If you choose one of the hypothesis tests you can choose the alternative hypothesis to test against the null hypothesis For each test there are three possible choices for an alternative hypothesis based on a quantitative comparison of two quantities The null hypothesis is always that the two quantities are equal Thus the alternative hypotheses cover the various cases for the two quantities being unequal lt gt and z In this section we will use the example data for the Z Test on mean to illustrate how the aplet works and what features the various views present Define the l Select the Hypothesis Test inferential method inferential IRIS method Select HYPOTH TEST
54. the aplet to add the configurations and the functionality that you want You can send your aplet to other calculators so that other people can use it Information that defines an aplet is saved automatically as it is entered into the calculator To keep as much memory available for storage as possible delete any aplets you no longer need T M M M MM M LLL Extending aplets 16 1 Aplet Keys Example To create a new aplet from an existing Solve aplet 16 2 Meaning Saves the highlighted aplet with a name Resets the default values and settings in the highlighted aplet This erases any stored data or functions Alphabetically or chronologically sorts the items in the Aplet Library menu list SENT Transmits the highlighted aplet to another HP 39G 40G or a storage device Receives the aplet sent from another receive HP 39G 40G or storage device START or ENTER Opens the selected aplet A simple example of a customized aplet is the TRIANGLES aplet This aplet is a copy of the Solve aplet containing the formulas commonly used in calculations involving right angled triangles 1 In APLET highlight Solve and SAVE it under the new name Select Solve VA RA eA eLiird id di a LE alt DALE Me ES SORA IRAN AA AAA e AUS AERE AER a dT HEU rursus sd CU RM KY OSES PANE E NEH NAME EES TRIANGLES es ee ee GET pA
55. the highlight is on an existing expression scroll to an empty line unless you don t mind writing over the expression or clear one line D amp i or all lines CLEAR Expressions are selected check marked on entry To deselect an expression press REHA All selected expressions are plotted 2 1 Fora Function definition enter an expression to define F X The only independent variable in the expression is X For a Parametric m definition enter a ITE RLIETAS pair of expressions vitTos to define X T and Y T The only independent variable in the expressions is T Fora Polar definition enter an expression to define R 0 The only independent variable in the expression is 0 For a Sequence definition either Enter the first and Uitzo second terms for U WH eH o Ul or U9 or UO Uscio Define the nth term of the sequence in terms of N or of the prior terms U N 1 and U N 2 The expressions should produce real valued sequences with integer domains Or define the nth term as a non recursive expression in terms of 7 only In this case the calculator inserts the first two terms based on the expression that you define BERG FUNCTION SYMEOLIC WEH EHE F2 X FICH BUR SECUENCE SYMBOLIC VIEH NENNEN MM itt n n 2 2 Aplets and their views Evaluating expressions In aplets In HOME Aplets and their views In t
56. the plot Plot view setup on page 2 5 Settings unique to the Statistics aplet are as follows STATPLOT enables you to specify either a histogram or a box and whisker plot for one variable statistics when Aii HWIDTH enables you to specify the width of a histogram bar This determines how many bars will fit in the display as well as how the data is distributed how many values each bar represents HRNG enables you to specify the range of values for a set of histogram bars The range runs from the left edge of the leftmost bar to the right edge of the rightmost bar You can limit the range to exclude any values you suspect are outliers S1MARK through SSMARK enables you to specify one of five symbols to use to plot each data set Press BLER to change the highlighted setting CONNECT on the second page when checkmarked connects the data points as they are plotted The resulting line is not the regression curve The order of plotting 1s according to the ascending order of independent values For instance the data set 1 1 3 9 4 16 2 4 would be plotted and traced in the order 1 1 2 4 3 9 4 16 Statistics aplet Trouble shooting a plot If you have problems plotting check that you have the following Statistics aplet The correct Pda or EGE menu label on Numeric view The correct fit regression model if the data set is two variable Only the data sets to compute or plot are checkmarked
57. v change both by manipulating the equation and seeing the change in the graph and by manipulating the graph and seeing the change in the equation More detailed documentation and an accompanying student work sheet can be found at HP s web site n aa Bu M SXTh3 T in Edse mode in which the o c arrow keys the and A tt DECR keys and the key are used is to change the shape of the ara ere ra graph This changing shape is reflected in the equation displayed at the top right corner of the screen while the original graph is retained for comparison In this mode the graph controls the equation It is also possible to have the p r equation control the graph Pressing EMALA displays a sub expression of your zi equation see right Pressing the and 4 key moves between sub expressions while pressing the a and key changes their values Pressing 82338 allows the user to select whether all three sub expressions will be explored at once or only one at a time A amp ESS button is provided to evaluate the student s knowledge Pressing f displays a target quadratic graph The student must T T PRESSI RNT KEY manipulate the equation s parameters to make the equation match the target graph When a student feels that they have correctly chosen the parameters a 83358 button evaluates the answer and provide feedback An HEES button is provided for th
58. view My Entry2 EXP ME2 3 Sets the third menu option This option runs the program EXP ME2 then returns to view 3 the NUM view af xr oF EXP SV 0 This line specifies that the program to set the View menu this program is transferred with the aplet The space character between the first set of quotes in the trio specifies that no menu option appears for the entry You do not need to transfer this program with the aplet but it allows users to modify the aplet s menu if they want to n 1 EXP ANG 0 The program EXP ANG is a small routine that is called by other programs that the aplet uses This entry specifies that the program EXP ANG is transferred when the aplet is transferred but the space in the first quotes ensures that no entry appears on the menu START EXP S 57 This specifies the Start menu option The program that is associated with this entry EXP S runsautomatically when you start the aplet Because this menu option specifies view 7 the VIEWS menu opens when you start the aplet 15 12 Programming Programming You only need to run this program once to configure your aplet s VIEWS menu Once the aplet s VIEWS menu is configured it remains that way until you run SETVIEWS again You do not need to include this program for your aplet to Work but it is useful to specify that the program is attached to the aplet and transmitted when the aplet is transmitted Return to th
59. with specific configurations e new aplets that you download e aplet variables e home variables e variables created through a catalog or editor for example a matrix or a text note e programs that you create You can use the Memory Manager SHIFT MEMORY to view the amount of memory available The catalog views which are accessible via the Memory Manager can be used to transfer variables such as lists or matrices between calculators Variables and memory management 11 1 Storing and recalling variables You can store numbers or expressions from a previous input or result into variables Numeric A number stored in a variable is always stored as a 12 digit Precision mantissa with a 3 digit exponent Numeric precision in the display however depends on the display mode Standard Fixed Scientific Engineering or Fraction A displayed number has only the precision that is displayed If you copy it from the HOME view display history you obtain only the precision displayed not the full internal precision On the other hand the variable Ans always contains the most recent result to full precision To store a value 1 On the command line enter the value or the calculation for the result you wish to store 2 Press BBE 3 Enter a name for the variable 4 Press ENTER MEN M Lu EE 11 2 Variables and memory management To store the results of a calculation
60. 0 18 index TRUNCATE 10 18 XPON 10 18 recalculation for table 2 19 receive error R 20 receiving aplet 16 5 lists 13 6 matrices 12 4 programs 15 8 redrawing table of numbers 2 18 reduced row echelon 12 12 regression analysis 8 17 fit models 8 12 formula 8 12 user defined fit 8 12 regulatory information Canada R 1 USA R 1 relative error statistical 8 17 resetting aplet 16 4 calculator R 4 If calculator does not turn on R 5 memory R 5 result copying to edit line 1 21 reusing 1 21 root interactive 3 9 nth 10 6 variable 15 33 root finding displaying 7 7 interactive 3 8 operations 3 9 variables 3 9 running a program 15 7 1 10 S SImark S5mark variables 15 33 scaling automatic 2 14 decimal 2 9 2 10 2 14 integer 2 11 2 14 2 16 options 2 14 resetting 2 14 trigonometric 2 14 scatter plot 8 15 8 16 connected 8 16 8 18 SCHUR decomposition 12 12 scientific number format 1 10 1 19 scrolling in Trace mode 2 8 searching menu lists 1 8 speed searches 1 8 secant 10 21 sending aplets 16 5 lists 13 6 programs 15 8 sequence definition 2 2 sequence variables Axes 15 30 Grid 15 31 in menu map R 12 Indep 15 32 Labels 15 33 _ Recenter 15 33 Ycross 15 36 setting date 15 26 time 15 26 sign reversal 7 6 sine 10 4 inverse hyperbolic 10 9 singular value decomposition matrix 12 12 singular values matrix 12 12 Index sketches creating 14 5 creating a blank graphic 15 22 crea
61. 0 21 ASEC 10 21 COT 10 21 CSC 10 21 SEC 10 21 sine cosine tangent 10 4 trng 2 5 troubleshooting R 1 truncating values to decimal places 10 18 tstep 2 5 15 35 Two Proportion Z Interval 9 19 Two Proportion Z Test 9 12 Two Sample T Interval 9 21 Two Sample T test 9 14 Two Sample Z Interval 9 17 typing letters 1 6 U undefined name R 20 result R 20 un zoom 2 11 upper tail chi squared probability 10 14 upper tail normal probability 10 14 upper tail snedecor s f 10 14 upper tail student s t probability 10 14 user defined regression fit 8 12 user prompts 15 25 i i tA tt TSS l 12 index V value go directly to 3 7 recall 11 3 storing 11 2 variables aplet 11 1 categories 11 7 definition 11 1 11 7 R 7 in equations 7 10 in Symbolic view 2 3 independent 15 35 local 11 1 previous result Ans 1 22 printing 15 25 root 15 33 root finding 3 9 step size of independent 15 35 types 11 1 11 7 use in calculations 11 4 VARS menu 11 4 11 5 map R 8 vectors column 12 1 cross product 12 10 definition of R 7 views 1 17 configuration 1 17 definition of R 7 index W warning symbol 1 7 warranty R 2 where command 10 20 X xmng 2 5 Y Ycross variable 15 36 yrng 2 5 Z Z Interval 9 16 zoom 2 18 axes 2 12 box 2 8 center 2 8 examples of 2 11 factors 2 13 in 2 9 2 10 options 2 8 3 7 options within a table 2 18 out 2 9 2 10 redrawing table of numbers options 2 18 square 2 9 2 10 un z
62. 1 1 1 FREEZE Draws a box lower corner at 1 1 upper L corner at 1 1 Clears the display ERASE 15 19 FREEZE LINE PIXOFF PIXON TLINE Halts the program freezing the current display Execution resumes when any key is pressed Draws a line from x y to x2 y2 LINE xI yI 22 Turns off the pixel at the specified coordinates x y PIXOFF x y Turns on the pixel at the specified coordinates x y PIXON x y Toggles the pixels along the line from x y to x2 y2 on and off Any pixel that was turned off is turned on any pixel that was turned on is turned off TLINE can be used to erase a line TLINEXIT 32 92 Example TLINE 0 0 373 Erases previously drawn 45 degree line from 0 0 to 3 3 or draws that line if it doesn t already exist Graphic commands The Graphic commands use the graphics variables GO through G9 or the Page variable from Sketch as graphicname arguments The position argument takes the form x y Position coordinates depend on the current aplet s scale which is specified by Xmin Xmax Ymin and Ymax The upper left corner of the target graphic graphic2 is at Xmin Y max You can capture the current display and store it in GO by simultaneously pressing ON PLOT J DISPLAY Stores the current display in graphicname DISPLAY graphicname DISPLAY Displays graphic from graphicname in the display DISPLAY graphicname 15 20 Program
63. 10 21 arc secant 10 21 arc sine 10 5 arc tangent 10 5 area graphical 3 10 interactive 3 10 variable 15 30 arguments with matrices 12 10 attaching a note to an aplet 14 1 a sketch to an aplet 14 3 auto scale 2 14 axes plotting 2 6 variable 15 30 B bad argument R 19 bad guesses error message 7 7 batteries changing R 8 low battery warning R 8 box and whisker plot 8 16 branch commands CASE END 15 18 IF THEN ELSE END 15 18 IFERR THEN ELSE 15 18 RUN 15 19 STOP 15 19 branch structures 15 17 build your own table 2 19 C calculus operations 10 8 catalogs 1 28 chronological sorting 16 6 circle drawing 14 4 clearing aplet 16 4 characters 1 21 display 1 21 display history 1 24 edit line 1 21 lists 13 6 plot 2 6 cobweb graph 6 2 coefficients polynomial 10 12 columns changing position 15 24 combinations 10 13 comma mode with matrices 13 7 commands aplet 15 14 Branch 15 17 definition of R 6 Drawing 15 19 Graphic 15 20 Loop 15 22 Print 15 25 Program 15 5 R 18 Prompt 15 25 Stat One 15 29 Stat Two 15 29 with matrices 12 10 complex functions 10 6 10 18 complex number functions conjugate 10 8 imaginary part 10 8 real part 10 8 complex numbers 1 27 entering 1 27 maths functions 10 8 storing 1 28 confidence intervals 9 16 conjugate 10 8 connecting data points 8 18 variable 15 30 connectivity kit 16 5 constant error message 7 7 constants 10 9 e 10 9 i 10 9
64. 15 19 BOX 15 19 ERASE 15 19 FREEZE 15 20 LINE 15 20 PIXOFF 15 20 PIXON 15 20 TLINE 15 20 M M MM MM LLL ndex E e 10 9 edit line 1 2 editing matrices 12 4 notes 14 2 programs 15 5 Editline Program catalog 15 2 editors 1 28 eigenvalues 12 11 eigenvectors 12 11 element storing 12 5 E lessons 1 11 engineering number format 1 10 equals for equations 10 19 logical test 10 20 equations solving 7 1 erasing a line in Sketch view 15 20 error messages bad guesses 7 7 constant 7 7 exclusive OR 10 21 executing programs 15 7 exiting views 1 17 exponent minus 1 10 10 of value 10 18 raising to 10 6 expression defining 2 1 R 6 entering in HOME 1 18 evaluating in aplets 2 3 literal 10 20 plot 3 3 extremum interactive 3 9 F factorial 10 13 FastRes variable 15 3 fit a curve to 2VAR data 8 17 choosing 8 11 defining your own 8 12 regression curve 1 29 F3 fixed number format 1 10 font size change 3 8 14 5 forecasting 8 21 fraction number format 1 10 full precision display 1 10 function analyse graph with FCN tools 3 3 definition 2 2 definition of R 6 entering 1 18 gamma 10 13 intersection point 3 4 math menu R 15 quadratic 3 4 slope 3 5 syntax 10 3 tracing 2 8 Function aplet 2 21 3 1 function variables Area 15 30 Axes 15 30 Connect 15 30 FastRes 15 31 Grid 15 31 in menu map R 9 Indep 15 32 Isect 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 Root 15 33 Ycross 1
65. 2 2 3 3x 5dxs 5x 3 eee ex Y This result derives from substituting X S 7 and X 0 into the original expression found in step 1 However substituting X 0 will not always evaluate to zero and may result in an unwanted constant 5 To see this consider Jo 2 dx S 10 25 The extra constant of 6 4 results from the substitution ALT B A 2274 NY FS 5 e PaE E S S DE E S a E of x 0 into 27 5 x 20 C4 o CCA RSM and should be disregarded if eSi 22 5 ote 4 an indefinite integral is SU eee required a a i a a te 10 26 Using mathematical functions 11 Variables and memory management Introduction The HP 39G 40G has approximately 232K of user memory The calculator uses this memory to store variables perform computation and store history A variable is an object that you create in memory to hold data The HP 39G 40G has two types of variables home variables and aplet variables e Home variables are available in all aplets For example you can store real numbers in variables A to Z and complex numbers in variables ZO to Z9 These can be numbers you have entered or the results of calculations These variables are available within all aplets and within any programs e Aplet variables apply only to a single aplet Aplets have specific variables allocated to them which vary from aplet to aplet You use the calculator s memory to store the following objects copies of aplets
66. 2 61 L16 2 RM5 t66 32 111bRhM6 LL2 5 729 16 211 66 335 111 To store one In HOME enter element value ERES 3 matrixname row column For example to change the element in the first row and second column of M5 to 728 then display the resulting matrix 728 ERE ALPHA MS Q1 020 ENTER ALPHA MS ENTER An attempt to store an element to a row or column beyond the size of the matrix results in an error message Matrices 12 5 Matrix arithmetic Example To multiply and divide by a scalar 12 6 You can use the arithmetic functions x with matrix arguments Division left multiplies by the inverse of the divisor You can enter the matrices themselves or enter the names of stored matrix variables The matrices can be real or complex For the next four examples store 1 2 3 4 into M1 and 5 6 7 8 into M2 1 Create the first matrix SHIFT MATRIX EES EES i 3 l 2 3 4 HE Emri ins anses w Create the second matrix SHIFT MATRIX w EEE ma i d 2 S 5 ENTER 6 E v 7 8 m EMT INS Gos ea joo Jo i 3 Add the matrices that you created HOME ALPHA M I ALPHA M2 For division by a scalar enter the matrix first then the operator then the scalar For multiplication the order of the operands does not matter The matrix and the scalar can be real or complex For example to divide the result of the previous ex
67. 3 RANDMAT Creates random matrix with a specified number of rows and columns and stores the result in name name must be MO M9 The entries will be integers ranging from 9 to 9 RANDMAT name rows columns REDIM Redimensions the specified matrix or vector to size For a matrix size is a list of two integers n n2 For a vector size is a list containing one integer 71 REDIM name size REPLACE Replaces portion of a matrix or vector stored in name with an object starting at position start start for a matrix is a list containing two numbers for a vector it is a single number Replace also works with lists and graphics REPLACE name Start object SCALE Multiplies the specified row number of the specified matrix by value SCALE name value rownumber SCALEADD Multiplies the row of the matrix name by value then adds this result to the second specified row SCALEADD name value row row2 SUB Extracts a sub object a portion of a list matrix or graphic from object and stores it into name start and end are each specified using a list with two numbers for a matrix a number for vector or lists or an ordered pair X Y for graphics SUB name object start end SWAPCOL Swaps Columns Exchanges column and column2 of the specified matrix SWAPCOL name columnl column2 SWAPROW Swap Rows Exchanges row and row2 in the specified matrix SWAPROW name rowl row2 nn tii th RR A i 15 24 Programm
68. 3 Press a or v to the insertion position New elements are inserted above the highlighted position In this example an element with the value of 9 is inserted between the first and second elements in the list 9 4 Press B Ree ere oe ed p ESES 1 338 3 9a 4 89 a 6S y To store one In HOME enter value Ei element to store the second element of L1 to 148 type 148 BEETA L1 2 ENTER Lists 13 5 Deleting lists To delete a list In the List catalog highlight the list name and press DEL You are prompted if you want to delete the contents of the highlighted list variable Press to delete the contents To delete all lists In the List catalog press SHIFT CLEAR Transmitting lists You can send lists to calculators or PCs just as you can aplets programs matrices and notes 1 Align the HP 39G calculators infrared ports Open the List catalogs on both calculators n 3 Highlight the list to send 4 Press Exclu 5 Press HAs on the receiving calculator Lists can also be transmitted to or from a computer a cable and Connectivity Kit 13 6 Lists List functions Following are details of list functions You can use them in HOME as well as in programs You can type in the name of the function or you can copy the name of the function from the List category of the MATH menu Press J the alpha L character key This displays the List category Press select a function an
69. 5 that defines the regression model or fit to use for the regression analysis of each two variable data set There are three ways to select a regression model e Accept the default option to fit the data to a straight line e Select one of the available fit options in Symbolic Setup view e Enter your own mathematical expression in Symbolic view This expression will be plotted but it will not be fitted to the data points 1 In Numeric view make sure EMIA is set 2 Press sHiFT SETUP SYMB to display the Symbolic Setup view Highlight the Fit number S1FIT to SSFIT you want to define 3 Press and select from the following list Press when done The regression formula for the fit is displayed in Symbolic view Fit models Eight fit models are available Fit model Default Fits the data to a straight line y mx b Uses a least squares fit Logarithmic Fitsto a logarithmic curve y minx b Exponential Fits to an exponential curve y be Power Fits to a power curve y bx Quadratic Fits to a quadratic curve y ax bx c Needs at least three points Fits to a cubic curve y ax bx cx d Needs at least four points Logistic Fits to a logistic curve L i4ga 9 y where L is the saturation value for growth You can store a positive real value in L or if L O0 let L be computed automatically User Defined Define your own expression in Symbolic view To
70. 5 36 G glossary R 6 graph analyzing statistical data in 8 20 auto scale 2 14 box and whisker 8 16 capture current display 15 20 cobweb 6 2 comparing 2 5 connected points 8 16 defining the independent variable 15 35 drawing axes 2 6 expressions 3 3 grid points 2 6 in Solve aplet 7 8 index values 2 6 one variable statistics 8 18 overlaying 2 16 scatter 8 15 8 16 split screen view 2 15 splitting into plot and close up 2 14 splitting into plot and table 2 14 stairsteps 6 2 statistical data 8 15 t values 2 5 tickmarks 2 6 tracing 2 8 Graphic commands DISPLAY 15 20 GROB 15 21 GROBNOT 15 21 GROBOR 15 21 GROBXOR 15 21 MAKEGROB 15 21 PLOT 15 21 REPLACE 15 22 SUB 15 22 ZEROGROB 15 22 graphics copying 14 6 copying into Sketch view 14 6 storing and recalling 14 6 15 20 guarantee R 2 H histogram 8 15 adjusting 8 15 range 8 18 setting min max values for bars 15 31 width 8 18 history 1 2 15 25 Home 1 1 calculating in 1 18 display 1 2 evaluating expressions 2 3 reusing lines 1 21 home variables 11 1 R 8 definition 11 7 horizontal zoom 15 37 hyperbolic maths functions 10 10 e a a a n M Index hyperbolic trigonometry ACOSH 10 9 ALOG 10 10 ASINH 10 9 ATANH 10 9 COSH 10 9 EXP 10 10 EXPMI 10 10 LNPI 10 10 SINH 10 9 TANH 10 9 hypothesis alternative 9 3 inference tests 9 9 null 9 3 tests 9 3 1 i 10 9 implied multiplication 1 19 importing graphics 14 6 notes 14 8 increasing display contrast
71. 8934 14 14381 3 38334166468E 2 ETT ff BIG TERA ERE B 30334 1664605 7 Cond TG DEFN HINT To jump to an independent variable value in the table use the arrow keys to place the cursor in the independent variable column then enter the value to jump to Automatic You can enter any new value in the X column When you press recalculation ENTER the values for the dependent variables are recalculated and the entire table is regenerated with the same interval between X values Building your own table of numbers The default NUMTYPE is Automatic which fills the table with data for regular intervals of the independent X T 0 or N variable With the NUMTYPE option set to Build Your Own you fill the table yourself by typing in the independent variable values you want The dependent values are then calculated and displayed Build a table Start with an expression defined in Symbolic view in the aplet of your choice Note Function Polar Parametric and Sequence aplets only 2 Inthe Numeric Setup SHIFT NUM choose NUMTYPE Build Your Own Open the Numeric view NUM 4 Clear existing data in the table sHiFT CLEAR Enter the independent values in the left hand column Type in a number and press ENTER You do not have to enter them in order because the function can rearrange them To insert a number between two others use ILE F1 and F2 You enter entries are numbers i
72. 9 0 A E4 Ae Be Ce ES emt eak 385895 TRIANGLES NUMERIC VIEH ZSS go 0 7 ENTER YRLUE GR PRESS SOLVE 16 3 4 Solve for the missing SE TRIANGLES NUMERIC VIEH Sie value s SS ENTER VALUE Df PRESS SOLVE The length of the ladder 1s gaya ars maa ma CTEM IE approximately 8 72 metres Resetting an aplet Resetting an aplet clears all data and resets all default settings To reset an aplet open the Library select the aplet and press RESETS You can only reset an aplet that is based on a built in aplet if the programmer who created it has provided a Reset option Annotating an aplet with notes The Note view SHIFT NOTE attaches a note to the current aplet See Chapter 14 Notes and Sketches Annotating an aplet with sketches HINT The Sketch view SHIFT SKETCH attaches a picture to the current aplet See chapter 14 Notes and sketches Notes and sketches that you attach to an aplet become part of the aplet When you transfer the aplet to another calculator the associated note and sketch are transferred as well Downloading e lessons from the web 16 4 In addition to the standard aplets that come with the calculator you can download aplets from the world wide web For example Hewlett Packard s Calculators web site contains aplets that demonstrate certain mathematical concepts Note that you need the Graphing Calculator Connectivity Kit in order to load aplets from a PC He
73. C EE Category Available name Angle Degrees Grads Radians 1 Format Standard Sci Fixed Eng Fraction SegPlot Cobweb Stairstep SI 5fit Linear QuadFit LogFit Cubic ExpFit Logist Power User StatMode StatiVar Stat2Var StatPlot Hist BOxW Reference information R 17 Program commands The program commands are Branch Drawing Graphic Loop Matrix Print Prompt Stat One Stat Two SELECT SETVIEWS UNCHECK IF THEN ELSE END ARC BOX ERASE FREEZE DISPLAYR RDISPLAY RGROB GROBNOT GROBOR GROBXOR FOR T STEP END DO ADDCOL ADDROW DELCOL DELROW EDITMAT RANDMAT PRDISPLAY PRHISTORY PRVAR BEEP CHOOSE DISP DISPTIME EDITMAT FREEZE DOLVSTATS RANDSEED DO2VSTATS SETDEPEND SETINDEP CASE IFERR RUN STOP LINE PIXOFF PIXON TLINE MAKEGROB PLOTR RPLOT REPLACE SUB ZEROGROB UNTIL END WHILE REPEAT END BREAK REDIM REPLACE SCALE SCALEADD SUB SWAPCOL SWAPROW GETKEY INPUT MSGBOX PROMPT WAIT SETFREQ SETSAMPLE Reference information Selected status messages Reference information The status messages are Message Meaning Bad Argument Type Bad Argument Value Infinite Result Insufficient Memory Insufficient Statistics Data Invalid Dimension Invalid Statistics Data Invalid Syntax Name Conflict No Equations Checked
74. E BEER STRIPS RRRS DILBERT CRLVIN amp HOBBES CALVIN amp HOBBES ecce BLONDIE Pema Displays fextitem in a row of the display at the ine number A text item consists of any number of expressions and quoted strings of text The expressions are evaluated and turned into strings Lines are numbered from the top of the screen 1 being the top and 7 being the bottom DISP line number textitem Example DISP 3 Ais 2 2 E d Result A is 4 A IS 4 displayed on line 3 Displays the current date and time DISPTIME To set the date and time simply store the correct settings in the date and time variables Use the following formats M DDYYYY for the date and H MMSS for the time Examples 5 152000 DATE sets the date to May 15 2000 10 1500 TIME sets the time to 10 15 am Matrix Editor Opens the Matrix editor for the specified matrix Returns to the program when user presses EDITMAT matrixname The EDITMAT command can also be used to create matrices Press CMDS D gt GE 2 Press M 1 and then press ENTER 3 The Matrix catalog opens with M1 available for editing EDITMAT matrixname is a shortcut to opening the matrix editor with matrixname Programming FREEZE GETKEY INPUT Programming This command prevents the display from being updated after the program runs This allows you to view the graphics created by the program Cancel FREEZE by pressing any key FREEZE
75. E view for performing calculations Accesses the alphabetical characters printed in orange below a key Hold Enters an input or executes an operation In calculations ENTER acts like When Disi or EARLS is present as a menu key ENTER acts the same as pressing MH or BIPIE Enters a negative number To enter 25 press 25 Note this is not the same operation that the subtract button performs Enters the independent variable by inserting X T 0 or N into the edit line depending on the current active aplet Deletes the character under the cursor Acts as a backspace key if the cursor is at the end of the line Clears all data on the screen On a settings screen for example Plot Setup CLEAR returns all settings to their default values Moves the cursor around the display Press SHIFT first to move to the beginning end top or bottom Displays a menu of all available characters To type one use the arrow keys to highlight it and press Ha To select multiple characters select each and press xsiId then press MA IU UU UU UU UU RR E TC NN DE 5 1 5 Shifted keystrokes HELPWITH Example There are two shift keys that you use to access the operations and characters printed above the keys SHIFT and ALPHA Description SHIFT Press the SHIFT key to access the operations printed in blue above the keys For instance to access the Mod
76. ES returns 1 s1 2 1 3 s1 4 Using mathematical functions 10 7 Complex number functions ARG CONJ RE 10 8 These functions are for complex numbers only You can also use complex numbers with all trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and with some real number and keyboard functions Enter complex numbers in the form x y where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part Argument Finds the angle defined by a complex number Inputs and outputs use the current angle format set in Modes ARG x y Example ARG 3 3 returns 45 Degrees mode Complex conjugate Conjugation is the negation sign reversal of the imaginary part of a complex number CONJ x y Example CONJ 3 4 returns 3 4 Imaginary part y of a complex number x y IM Q5y Example IM 3 4 returns 4 Real part x of a complex number x y RE x Y Example RE 3 4 returns 3 Using mathematical functions Constants MAXREAL MINREAL The HP 39G 40G has an internal numeric representation for these constants Natural logarithm base Internally represented as 2 71828182846 e Imaginary value for V 1 the complex number 0 1 1 Maximum real number Internally represented as 9 99999999999 x 10497 MAXREAL 9 Minimum real number Internally represented as 1 x ig MINREAL Internally represented as 3 14159265359 T Hyperbolic trigonometry ACOSH ASINH ATANH COSH SINH TANH Using
77. HWIDTH setting 4 Press PLOT If you have not adjusted the Plot Setup yourself you can try select Auto Scale WA Auto Scale can be relied upon to give a good starting scale which can then be adjusted in the Plot Setup view 8 15 Plot types Histogram Box and Whisker Plot Scatter Plot One variable statistics The numbers below the plot mean that the current bar where the cursor is starts at 0 and ends at 2 not including 2 and the H1 03 Ed ERIT frequency for this column that is the number of data elements that fall between 0 and 2 is 1 You can see information about the next bar by pressing the gt key One variable statistics The mi left whisker marks the L1 minimum data value The box jenem T ee marks the first quartile the H H median and the third quartile HL MED 13 mu The right whisker marks the maximum data value Two variable statistics The numbers below the plot indicate that the cursor is at the first data point for S2 at 1 6 Press to move to the next data point and display information about it To connect the data points as they are plotted checkmark CONNECT in the second page of the Plot Setup This is not a regression Curve sar 11 mmm Statistics aplet Fitting a curve to 2VAR data Correlation coefficient Relative Error Statistics aplet HINT In the Plot view press Id amp This draws a
78. ISETUT LOT SERGE statistics PLOT SETUP AR gt 7 ENTER HENG 2 7 vkNG 168 46868 100 ENTER SIMARK M SEMARK e SIMRRE 4e 4000 ENTER SUMARK II SSMREK W CHOOSE MARK FOR SCATTER PLOT ERBEN DOT E 8 3 Plot the graph Draw the regression curve Display the equation for best linear fit 8 4 9 Plot the graph B SIL ibg 1u00 10 Draw the regression curve a curve to fit the data points HEHH wee a This draws the mm regression line for the unco UE best linear fit 11 Return to the Symbolic view ZENS STATISTICS SYMEDLIC VIER BRE 951 ee Cz E 1 425 S975 xE43765 or Fitz m X b Li ENTER INDEPENDENT GEMT CHE oC SHOW EVAL 12 Display the equation for the best linear fit v to move to the FIT1 SHOR eee een E The full FIT1 expression is shown The C E LE EE RILTTUR slope m is 425 875 The v intercept b is about 376 25 Statistics aplet Predict values 13 To find the predicted sales figure if advertising were to go up to 6 minutes S to highlight Stat Two v to highlight PREDY Sr 14 Return to the Plot view 7 DEFN 15 Jump to the indicated point on the regression line Observe the predicted y value in the left bottom corner of the screen wa PREDY BH3I S Entering and editing statistical data Statistics aplet HINT The Numeric view NU
79. Incorrect input for this operation The value is out of range for this operation Math exception such as 1 0 You must recover some memory to continue operation Delete one or more matrices lists notes or programs using catalogs or custom not built in aplets using SHIFT MEMORY Not enough data points for the calculation For two variable statistics there must be two columns of data and each column must have at least four numbers Array argument had wrong dimensions Need two columns with equal numbers of data values The function or command you entered does not include the proper arguments or order of arguments The delimiters parentheses commas periods and semi colons must also be correct Look up the function name in the index to find its proper syntax The where function attempted to assign a value to the variable of integration or summation index You must enter and check an equation Symbolic view before evaluating this function Mon T AHA aye H 19 C ID Gi O QUUM Doo IE Message Meaning Continued E eaaa OFF SCREEN Function value root extremum or intersection is not visible in the current screen Receive Error Problem with data reception from another calculator Re send the data Too Few The command requires more Arguments arguments than you supplied Undefined Name The global v
80. Inserts a row of zeros above or a column of zeros to the left of the highlighted cell You are prompted to choose row or column A three way toggle for cursor advancement in the Matrix editor Eid advances to the right Isl advances downward and does not advance at all Ei Switches between larger and smaller font sizes DEL Deletes the highlighted cells row or column you are prompted to make a choice SHIFT ICLEAR Clears all elements from the matrix a v Moves to the first row last row first column or last column respectively vere anaana 12 4 Matrices To display a e Inthe Matrix catalog SHIFT MATRIX highlight the matrix matrix name and press EE In HOME enter the name of the matrix variable and press ENTER To display one In HOME enter matrixname row column For example if element M2 is 3 4 5 6 then M2 1 2 returns 4 To create a matrix 1 Enter the matrix in the edit line Start and end the matrix in HOME and each row with square brackets the shifted and 6 keys 2 Separate each element and each row with a comma Example 1 2 3 4 3 Press to enter and display the matrix The left screen below shows the matrix 2 5 729 116 2 being stored into M5 The screen on the right shows the vector 66 33 11 being stored into M6 Note that you can enter an expression like 5 2 for an element of the matrix and it will be evaluated LS 2
81. LIST CATALOG Sees REF ia S S KE St B KE L4 Size 8 BKB Size H AKE Enter data for L2 55 Gil 48 Disi 86 H3 90 Gis 77 Bis LU ono ti Jm Press HOME to access HOME Open the variable menu and select L4 VARs v v v jl HOM a APLET NAM mj VALUE CAMCL Copy it to the command line Note Because the ishisi3 option is highlighted the variable s name rather than its contents is copied to the command line UE Insert the operator and select the L2 variable from the List variables Pomme Store the answer in the List catalog L3 variable EXETI ALPHA L3 L1i L2BbL32 143 135 175 155 14 3 Note You can also type list names directly from the keyboard Variables and memory management Home It is not possible to store data of one type in a variable of variables another type For example you use the Matrix catalog to create matrices You can create up to ten matrices and you can store these in variables MO to M9 You cannot store matrices in variables other than MO to M9 Complex Z0 to Z9 For example 1 2 ES ZO or 24 3 E amp ET Z1 You can enter a complex number by typing 7 1 where r represents the real part and i represents the imaginary part Graphic GO to G9 See Graphic commands on page 15 20 for more information on storing graphic objects _ via programming commands See To store into a grap
82. LUE a ee Y iid You can see the Plot Setup input form has two fields not included in the Function aplet TRNG and TSTEP TRNG specifies the range of t values TSTEP specifies the step value between f values 5 Set the TRNG and TSTEP so that 1 steps from 0 to 360 in 5 steps gt 360 E3 atte ee _ BORER PARAMETRIC PLOT SETUP XASS TESTER 5 SEG 6 5 TENG 2 1 Ded ENTER MINIMUM HORIZONTAL VALUE Plot the 6 Plot the expression expression b o ooo a i o o M T c 4 2 Parametric aplet Overlay plot 8 Plota triangle graph over the existing circle graph PLOT SOAS PARAMETRIC PLOT SETUP Bee TENG B S68 TSTEP Lee RNG 6 5 TENG 2 1 E aes HIHIMUH A m VALUE XM GEW VIEWS a eden Plot A triangle is displayed rather than a circle without changing the equation because the changed value of TSTEP ensures that points being plotted are 120 apart instead of nearly continuous You are able to explore the graph using trace zoom split screen and scaling functionality available in the Function aplet See Exploring the graph on page 2 7 for further information Display the 9 Display the table of numeric values numbers NUM You can see there is a column of t values This column is active in the sense that you can highlight a value type in a replacement value and see the table jump to that value You can also zoom in or z
83. M is used to enter data into the Statistics aplet Each column represents a variable named CO to C9 After entering the data you must define the data set in the Symbolic view SYMB A data column must have at least four data points to provide valid two variable statistics or two data points for one variable statistics You can also store statistical data values by copying lists from HOME into Statistics data columns For example in HOME ES US C1 stores a copy of the list L1 into the data column variable C1 Statistics aplet s NUM view keys The Statistics aplet s Numeric view keys are Copies the highlighted item into the edit line Inserts a zero value above the highlighted cell Sorts the specified independent data column in ascending or descending order and rearranges a specified dependent or frequency data column accordingly Switches between larger and smaller font sizes A toggle switch to select one variable or two variable statistics This setting affects the statistical calculations and plots The label indicates which setting is current Computes descriptive statistics for each data set specified in Symbolic view Deletes the currently highlighted value CLEAR Clears the current column or all columns of data Press SHIFT CLEAR to display a menu list then select the current column or all columns option and press MA SHIFT cursor Moves to the first or last row or first or
84. MEE aep tuteta tes err dus 12 1 Creating and Stormie malice S eom aeo qiie pte EEA 12 2 Working with MIA ICES cuneo apo I eb e MEER Re enEe t tUe d dran eara 12 4 Manir arit brHel le uasdtaons e Sr E rite en En hbase 12 6 Solving systems of linear equations einnar 12 8 Matrix functions and commands sssss MN NT 12 9 AxeumentconvVelillOls oana a aM adi idee entities 12 10 Marix func ofiSc ial asap R a bue bi CUI NEA UA PI 12 10 EX ANNI CS octets onam idiota ed uult piunt Div s aL Unter uid 12 13 13 Lists Creatine li pM 13 1 Displaying and editing D5 8 555 rnt ir rot detta Merci odor dexhoLi eu esp E 13 4 Dele MISES uoti oven EH oe Nadie tennis tpe mU 13 6 Transmittng ISIS reinnoit ir eu aod ad EN CHVER Ma tn a bx ase dea 13 6 List IUBOLOHS soe a rette pud toe aevo satia iu fs DU RUE URINE O 13 7 Finding statistical values for list elements erret 13 10 14 Notes and sketches utt OU HON uot a p Pipe ESO dq Eben estatus aes 14 1 Aplet noie VIEW relocates he DR db eap tela end edu rnt tits 14 1 Aplet SKETCH VISW a iis editar no ERE HR PE THER PE RUR RR etter eiu dax rH Va RNS 14 3 Th ROC ad cose entis tra ta vdd ih uet ede bea un Ap PR AMD 14 6 pn M PMEBMUABUUUNGAVURHANRARIGHA ai oind eaaci sii aM aaO SEBIUIULIBINIEEDE isi M MD D LEM DO E D D C iv Contents 15 Programming TAUEOGUCHION pM ES 15 1 PHO STAN CAL ALOR cs od Spe UEM T EE 15 2 Creatine and editine Pros rains 2 occus p
85. OT option to Stairstep Reset the default plot settings by clearing the Plot Setup view A Stairsteps graph plots n on the horizontal axis and U on the vertical axis A Cobweb graph plots U _ on the horizontal axis and U on the vertical axis SHIFT SETUP PLOT L 7 SURE SEQUENCE PLOT SETUP S SHIFT JCLEAR SEQPLOT Stairstep gt 8 s 22 8 YENG GR 10 6 EHTER MINIMUM VERTICAL VALUE Sequence aplet Plot the 4 Plot the Fibonacci D DS sequence sequence ECR 1 5 In Plot Setup set the SEQPLOT option to Cobweb SETUP PLOT Eid Select Cobweb M1 HLINY 1 HENE Display the 6 Display the table of numeric values for this example table NUM Sequenceaplet 38 Solve aplet About the Solve aplet The Solve aplet solves an equation or an expression for its unknown variable You define an equation or expression in the symbolic view then supply values for all the variables except one in the numeric view Solve works only with real numbers Note the differences between an equation and an expression An equation contains an equals sign Its solution is a value for the unknown variable that makes both sides have the same value e An expression does not contain an equals sign Its solution is a root that is a value for the unknown variable that makes the expression have a value of zero You can use the Sol
86. Or In a program type n gt Ytick where n gt 0 Defines the minimum and maximum horizontal values of the plot screen Appears as the XRNG fields horizontal range in the Plot Setup input form From Plot Setup enter values for XRNG or In a program type n Xmin no Xmax where Ny gt Ny Defines the minimum and maximum vertical values of the plot screen Appears as the YRNG fields vertical range in the Plot Setup input form From Plot Setup enter the values for YRNG or In a program type n Ymin n Ymax where n gt N 15 36 Programming Xzoom All Aplets Yzoom All Aplets Sets the horizontal zoom factor From Plot ZOOM Set Factors enter the value for XZOOM or In a program type nb XZOOM where n 0 sets the vertical zoom factor From Plot ZOOM Set Factors enter the value for YZOOM Or In a program type n b YZOOM Symbolic view variables Angle All Aplets F1 F9 FO Function Programming The following aplet variables available in the Symbolic view Sets the angle mode From Symbolic Setup choose Degrees Radians or Grads for angle measure OT In a program type Angle for Degrees 2 Angle for Radians 3 Angle for Grads Can contain any expression Independent variable is X Example SIN X gt F1 X In the above example you must put single quotes around the expression to keep it from being evaluated before it is stored Use
87. S 3 7 12 19 12 returns 3 Creates a list by reversing the order of the elements in a list REVERSE list Calculates the number of elements in a list SIZE list Also works with matrices Calculates the sum of all elements in list XLIST list Example XLIST 2 3 4 returns 9 Sorts elements in ascending order SORT ist 13 9 Finding statistical values for list elements To find values such as the mean median maximum and minimum values of the elements in a list use the Statistics aplet Example 13 10 In this example use the Statistics aplet to find the mean median maximum and minimum values of the elements in the list Li 1 Create L1 with values 88 90 89 65 70 and 89 88 90 SISSE oun S 89 Ces 7089 ALPHA m RAAR ESSOABADI ALPHA TBE 90 99 05 70 39 TLR fo GITE cines Rn t88 90 69 65 70 89241 C7744 8180 7521 42251 HINT Ifthe Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form SHIFT MODES is set to Comma use instead of 2 In HOME store L1 into CI You will then be able to see the list data in the Numeric view of the Statistics aplet ALPHA Li EN i STATISTICS deu s zTOR gt 88 52 Se amp ETS ALPHAJCI 7744 5188 7921 4225 n L unl 88 98 99 65 78 893 Start the Statistics aplet and select 1 variable mode press EMIS if necessary to display E amp i APLET Select ene
88. S ERESME ERES Gece eed the screen lists each category the memory it uses and the percentage of the total memory it uses Select the category with which you want to work and press izal Memory Manager displays memory details of variables within the category v v v Biss i Mz iMi REAL MATRIS OKE MS i41 REAL MATRIK UKE M4 141 REAL MATRIX UKE MS 141 REAL MATRIX JKE Th NEH ee FSEND RECN 3 To delete variables in a category Press to delete the selected variable Press SHIFT CLEAR to delete all variables in the selected category Variables and memory management 11 9 12 Matrices Introduction You can perform matrix calculations in HOME and in programs The matrix and each row of a matrix appear in brackets and the elements and rows are separated by commas For example the following matrix 123 456 is displayed in the history as 1 2 3 4 5 6 If the Decimal Mark in MODES is set to Comma then the row separators are periods You can enter matrices directly in the command line or create them in the matrix editor Vectors Vectors are one dimensional arrays They are composed of just one row A vector is represented with single brackets for example 1 2 3 A vector can be a real number vector or a complex number vector for example 1 2 7 3 Matrices Matrices are two dimensional arrays They are composed of more than one row and more than one column Two
89. S value TAN value Example TAN 45 returns 1 Degrees mode Using mathematical functions SHIFT ASIN SHIFT jACOS SHIFT JATAN fa SHiFT N Using mathematical functions Arc sine sin x Output range is from 90 to 90 1 2 to 1 2 or 100 to 100 grads Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers ASIN value Example ASIN 1 retums 90 Degrees mode Arc cosine cos x Output range is from 0 to 180 0 to 7 or 0 to 200 grads Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers Output will be complex for values outside the normal COS domain of l lt x lt l ACOS value Example ACOS 1 returns 0 Degrees mode Arc tangent tan x Output range is from 90 to 90 27 2 to 1 2 or 100 to 100 grads Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers ATAN value Example ATAN 1 returns 45 Degrees mode Square Also accepts complex numbers value Example 1 g2 returns 324 Square root Also accepts complex numbers Vvalue Example 4324 returns 18 Negation Also accepts complex numbers value Example 1 2 returns 1 2 10 5 Power x raised to y Also accepts complex numbers value power Example 2 8 retums 256 s 2 SHIFT ABS Absolute value For a complex number this is yx y ABS value ABS x y Example ABS l returns
90. SETUP SERS FjsirurT iNY CROSS x CONNECT v LABELS PRTICK 1 YTICK s RHES Skib RES Faster ENTER MINIMUM KDRIZONTAL BLUE PLOT FUNCTIONS SIMULTAMEDUSLY Reset input To reset a default field value in an input form move the cursor form values to that field and press DEL To reset all default field values in the input form press SHIFT CLEAR Mode settings You use the Modes input form to set the modes for HOME HINT Although the numeric setting in Modes affects only HOME the angle setting controls HOME and the current aplet The angle setting selected in Modes is the angle setting used in both HOME and current aplet To further configure an aplet you use the SETUP keys SHIFT and NUM Press SHiFT MODES to access the HOME MODES input form Setting Options Angle Angle values are Measure Degrees 360 degrees in a circle Radians 2x radians in a circle Grads 400 grads in a circle The angle mode you set is the angle setting used in both HOME and the current aplet This 1s done to ensure that trigonometric calculations done in the current aplet and HOME give the same B result Rm CEE EE SIDES m Getting started 1 9 Setting Number Format Decimal Mark The number format mode you set is the number format used in both HOME and the current aplet Standard Full precision display Fixed Displays results r
91. Statistics aplet highlight the data value to change Type a new value and press ENTER or press 3088 to copy the value to the edit line for modification Press after modifying the value on the edit line To delete a single data item highlight it and press btt J The values below the deleted cell will scroll up one row e To delete a column of data highlight an entry in that column and press SHifT CLEAR Select the column name To delete all columns of data press SHIFT CLEAR Select All columns Statistics aplet Insert data Sort data values Highlight the entry following the point of insertion Press IEE then enter a number It will write over the zero that was inserted 1 In Numeric view highlight the column you want to sort and press Eid 2 Select the SORT ORDER option You can choose either Ascending or Descending 3 Specify the INDEPENDENT and DEPENDENT data columns Sorting ts by the independent column For instance if Age is C1 and Income is C2 and you want to sort by Income then you make C2 the independent column for the sorting and C1 the dependent column To sort just one column choose None for the dependent column Forone variable statistics with two data columns specify the frequency column as the dependent column 4 Press Bid Defining a regression model 2VAR To choose the fit Statistics aplet The Symbolic view includes an expression Fit through Fit
92. Sum of x values Mean of y dependent values Sum of y values Sum of y values Sum of each xy Sample covariance of independent and dependent data columns Population covariance of independent and dependent data columns Correlation coefficient of the independent and dependent data columns for a linear fit only regardless of the Fit chosen Returns a value from O to 1 where is the best fit RELERR The relative error for the selected fit Provides a measure of accuracy for the fit Statistics apiet Plotting To plot statistical data Statistics aplet HINT You can plot e histograms BRET box and whisker plots CHA e scatter plots of data ENIH Once you have entered your data NUM defined your data set SYMB and defined your Fit model for two variable statistics SHIFT SETUP SYMB you can plot your data You can select up to five scatter or box and whisker plots at a time You can plot only one histogram at a time 1 In Symbolic view SYMB select EGE the data sets you want to plot 2 Forone variable data EERE select the plot type in Plot Setup sHiFT SETUP PLOT Highlight STATPLOT press bles select either Histogram or BoxWhisker and press EES 3 For any plot but especially for a histogram adjust the plotting scale and range in the Plot Setup view If you find histogram bars too fat or too thin you can adjust them with the
93. TISTICS SYMEOLIC VIEW SERRE into the right column of YHLECI eel i H2 a 1 the H1 definition and H3 1 replace the frequency H4 i i EMTER 38HhPLE value of with the name aa a ET C2 B2 t2 6 Return to the numeric view 7 Enter the frequency data shown in the above table e S ENTER 3 ENTER 8 ENTER 2 ENTER ENTER pompae 8 9 Angle Setting Save data Edit a data set Delete data 8 Display the computed statistics You can scroll down to 167 531578947 the mean The mean Eee GENER eer ERREUR height is approximately 167 63cm 9 Setupa histogram plot for the data SHIFT SETUP PLOT EEZ STATISTICS PLOT TUA Bee al STATPLOT Hist HHIDTH amp Enter set up information SEN amp 168 gt zt YVRMG 2 appropriate to your data uswa 166 Teo ENTER HAKIMUM HISTOGRAM VALUE 10 Plot a histogram of the data dni Hl 180 1555 F5 nmn You can ignore the angle measurement mode unless your Fit definition in Symbolic view involves a trigonometric function In this case you should specify in the mode screen whether the trigonometric units are to be interpreted in degrees radians or grads The data that you enter is automatically saved When you are finished entering data values you can press a key for another Statistics view like SYM8 or you can switch to another aplet or HOME In the Numeric view of the
94. TRACE 12 13 TRN 12 13 maximum real number 1 20 10 9 memory R 19 clearing all R 5 organizing 11 9 out of R 20 saving 1 24 16 1 viewing 11 1 menu lists searching 1 8 minimum real number 10 9 Modes angle measure 1 9 decimal mark 1 10 number format 1 10 multiple solutions plotting to find 7 8 multiplication 10 4 implied 1 19 N name conflict R 19 naming programs 15 4 natural exponential 10 4 10 10 natural log plus 1 10 10 natural logarithm 10 4 negation 10 5 negative numbers 1 18 no equations checked R 19 Normal Z distribution confidence inter vals 9 16 note copying 14 8 editing 14 2 importing 14 8 printing 15 25 viewing 14 1 writing 14 1 Notepad 14 1 catalog keys 14 7 creating notes 14 6 writing in 14 6 nrng 2 5 nth root 10 6 null hypothesis 9 3 number format engineering 1 10 fixed 1 10 fraction 1 10 TM M M MM M M O O index in Solve aplet 7 5 scientific 1 10 Standard 1 10 numeric precision 11 9 Numeric view adding X values 2 19 automatic 2 17 build your own table 2 19 display defining function for column 2 18 recalculating 2 19 setup 2 17 2 19 O off automatic 1 1 power 1 1 On Cancel 1 1 One Proportion Z Interval 9 18 One Sample T Interval 9 20 One Sample T Test 9 13 One Sample Z Interval 9 16 One Sample Z Test 9 9 order of precedence 1 20 overlaying plots 2 16 4 3 p n 10 9 paired columns 8 11 Parametric aplet 4 1 parametric variables Axes 15 30 Con
95. X returns 0 QUAD Solves quadratic expression 0 for variable and returns a new expression where variable newexpression The result is a general solution that represents both positive and negative solutions by including the formal variable S to represent any Sign or QUAD expression variable Example QUAD X 1 7 X returns 2t1581 5 29150262213 72 Using mathematical functions 10 19 QUOTE Encloses an expression that should not be evaluated numerically QUOTE expression Examples QUOTE SIN 45 ES F1 X stores the expression SIN 45 rather than the value of SIN 45 Another method is to enclose the expression in single quotes For example X 3 2 X BRIS F1 X puts the expression X 3 2 X into F1 X in the Function aplet where Evaluates expression where each given variable is set to the given value Defines numeric evaluation of a symbolic expression expression variablel valuel variable2 value2 Example 3 X 1 X23 returns 12 Test functions The test functions are ogical operators that always return either a 1 true or a O false Less than Returns 1 if true O if false valuel value2 X Less than or equal to Returns 1 if true O if false valuel value2 Equals logical test Returns 1 if true O if false valuel value2 Not equal to Returns 1 if true O if false valuelzvalue2 gt Greater than Returns 1 if true 0 if false valuel gt value2
96. ample by 2 use the following key presses 2 ENTER CL6 81 E18 1211 C341 5 61 Matrices To multiply two To multiply the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for matrices the previous example use the following keystrokes ALPHA MI x ALPHA M2 gums EN 2 E3 41 E5 61 MixMz L 19 221 42 5811 To multiply a matrix by a vector enter the matrix first then the vector The number of elements in the vector must equal the number of columns in the matrix To divide by a For division of a matrix or a vector by a square matrix the square matrix number of rows of the dividend or the number of elements if it is a vector must equal the number of rows in the divisor This operation is not a mathematical division it is a left multiplication by the inverse of the divisor M1 M2 is equivalent to M27 M1 To divide the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for the previous example use the following keystrokes 4 ALPHA MI s AUPHA M2 To invert a matrix You can invert a square matrix in HOME by typing the matrix or its variable name and pressing SHIFT x ENTER Or you can use the matrix INVERSE command Enter INVERSE matrixname in HOME and press ENTER To negate each You can change the sign of each element in a matrix by element pressing before the matrix name So RC H nn Qu M A
97. aneously Release the third menu key then release the key Press and hold the key the first menu key and the sixth menu key simultaneously Release the sixth menu key then release the first menu key and then release the key Locate the small hole in the back of the calculator Insert the end of a straightened metal paper clip into the hole as far as it will go Hold it there for 1 second then remove it Press the key Remove the batteries see Batteries on page R 7 press and hold the key for 10 seconds and then put the batteries back in Press the ON key R 5 Glossary aplet command expression function HOME Library list matrix R 6 A small application limited to one topic The built in aplet types are Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve and Statistics An aplet can be filled with the data and solutions for a specific problem It is reusable like a program but easier to use and it records all your settings and definitions An operation for use in programs Commands can store results in variables but do not display results Arguments are separated by semi colons such as DISP expression lineft A number variable or algebraic expression numbers plus functions that produces a value An operation possibly with arguments that returns a result It does not store results in variables The arguments must be enclosed in parentheses and separated with commas or period
98. aplet APLET Select Function SYMBOLIC VIEH SERERE START The Function aplet starts d ap F500s v in the Symbolic view ET The Symbolic view is the defining view for Function Parametric Polar and Sequence aplets The other views are derived from the symbolic expression 3 1 Define the 2 There are 10 function definition fields on the Function expression S aplet s Symbolic view screen They are labeled F1 X to FO X Highlight the function definition field you want to use and enter an expression You can press to delete an existing line or SHIFT CLEAR to clear all lines l x76 SOMME FUNCTION SYMBOLIC VIEH SERRE I 3 DE DG ELS mtem 2 ENTER FACRIS F4CXD FOCK3 7 ad CS n ERR ETE Set up the plot You can change the scales of the x and y axes graph resolution and spacing of axis ticks 3 Display plot settings SHIFT SETUP PLOT RS FUNCTION PLOT SETUP Sees RNG 6 5 YERMG 3 1 3 2 STICK TTICK 1 RES Detail ENTER MINIMUM HORICONTAL VALUE Note For our example you can leave the plot settings at their default values since we will be using the Auto Scale feature to choose an appropriate y axis for our x axis settings If your settings do not match this example press SHIFT CLEAR to restore the default values 4 Spec a grid for the graph cece FUNCTION PLOT SETUP Sones v SIMULT INY CROSS v CONNECT _ LABELS wf RRES GRID BRAK GRIB
99. aplet or in HOME They are listed in the MATH menu under the Matrix category They can be used in mathematical expressions primarily in HOME as well as in programs Functions always produce and display a result They do not change any stored variables such as a matrix variable Functions have arguments that are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas for example CROSS vectorl vector2 The matrix input can be either a matrix variable name such as M1 or the actual matrix data inside brackets For example CROSS M1 1 2 MN Matrices 12 9 About commands Matrix commands are listed in the CMDS menu SHIFT CMDS in the matrix category See Matrix commands on page 15 23 for details of the matrix commands available for use in programming Functions differ from commands in that a function can be used in an expression Commands cannot be used in an expression Argument conventions For row or column supply the number of the row counting from the top starting with 1 or the number of the column counting from the left starting with 1 The argument matrix can refer to either a vector or a matrix Matrix functions COLNORM COND CROSS DET DOT Column Norm Finds the maximum value over all columns of the sums of the absolute values of all elements in a column COLNORM natrix Condition Number Finds the 1 norm column norm of a square matrix COND ma
100. ariable named does not exist Undefined Result The calculation has a mathematically undefined result such as 0 0 Out of Memory Y ou must recover a lot of memory to continue operation Delete one or more matrices lists notes or programs using catalogs or custom not built in aplets using SHIFT MEMORY E H 20 Reference information Index RSUSNHSIEPENIUCUNCEIUIOMEGDENMENTEERENENUTUIEEISUNNUUSUMEIEYITITEECICN IUNIUMRIEUEENENTETESUTIU ISI TE SIS MUNIEDUENENEUENITITIERUUSE NM EPUSNEIUIDUUEE NY EU tierra PEE A absolute value 10 6 add 10 4 algebraic entry 1 18 alpha characters typing 1 6 alphabetical sorting 16 6 angle measure 1 9 in statistics 8 10 setting 1 11 animation 14 5 creating 14 5 annunciators 1 3 Ans last answer 1 22 antilogarithm 10 4 10 10 aplet attaching notes 16 4 clearing 16 4 copying 16 5 definition of R 6 deleting 16 6 Function 10 22 Inference 9 2 key 1 4 library 16 6 Note view 14 1 opening 1 15 Parametric 4 1 Polar 5 1 receiving 16 5 resetting 16 4 sending 16 5 Sketch view 14 1 Solve 7 1 sorting 16 6 statistics 8 1 aplet commands CHECK 15 14 SELECT 15 14 SETVIEWS 15 17 UNCHECK 15 17 aplet variables definition 11 1 11 8 in Plot view 15 30 new 11 1 Index aplet views canceling operations in 1 1 changing 1 17 note 1 16 Numeric view 1 15 Plot view I 15 sketch 1 17 split screen 1 16 Symbolic view 1 15 arc cosecant 10 21 arc cosine 10 5 arc cotangent
101. arrays SHIFT MATRIX In HOME arrays are enclosed in See Chapter 12 Matrices Notepad Notes short text entries See SHIFT NOTEPAD Chapter 14 Notes and sketches Program Programs that you create or SHIFT PROGRAM associated with user defined aplets See Chapter 15 Programming Getting started Differences between the HP 38G and the HP 39G 40G CAS Memory manager Plot Goto function Statistics Pred function Inference aplet Trig Explorer and Quadratic Explorer aplets Getting started The HP 40G is packaged with a computer algebra system CAS Refer to the CAS Manual for further information The HP 39G 40G incorporates a memory manager that you can use to see how much memory the objects that you have created or loaded are occupying See Memory Manager on page 11 9 for more information In Plot view you can use the ERES menu key to jump to a value on the plot instead of having to trace the plot to locate values See Exploring the graph on page 2 7 for more information When you choose the HE option in the Statistics aplet s Plot view screen it is now possible to Hitaz along the regression curve Once a data set and regression curve is displayed pressing the up and down arrows will move between the data and the curve of regression When the regression curve is selected the val
102. atrix Transposing a Matrix Finds the trace of a square matrix The trace is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements It is also equal to the sum of the eigenvalues TRACE natrix Transposes matrix For a complex matrix TRN finds the conjugate transpose TRN matrix You can create an identity matrix with the IDENMAT function For example IDENMAT 2 creates the 2x2 identity matrix 1 0 0 1 You can also create an identity matrix using the MAKEMAT make matrix function For example entering MAKEMAT IZJ A 4 creates a 4 x 4 matrix showing the numeral 1 for all elements except zeros on the diagonal The logical operator 4 returns 0 when I the row number and J the column number are equal and returns 1 when they are not equal The TRN function swaps the row column and column row elements of a matrix For instance element 1 2 row 1 column 2 is swapped with element 2 1 element 2 3 is swapped with element 3 2 and so on For example TRN 1 2 3 4 creates the matrix 13 2 4 Matrices 12 13 Reduced Row The following set of equations x 2y 3z 14 Echelon Form Qydyezume3 i 4x 2y 2z 14 2 3114 can be written as the augmented matrix 12 1 3 4 2 2 14 which can then stored as a 3x 4 real matrix in Ml You can use the RREF function to change this to reduced row echelon form RREFCM1 PMZ storing it as M2 for SEUSS LES ee bell convenience ee ee ee
103. c view and define Fl 2 X pE COs EID EIS FOCX3 F4 x3 Foca l x 2 Define F2 X as the ee FUNCTHIM SYMBOLIC WEH SHE uati VFICAROZSIMCX EGEZEX D derivative of F 1 VEZ SRCE LCR Zum E FACRIS 7 EMT e CHE 8 SHOW EVKE 3 Select F2 X and evaluate it 4 Press BLES to display the result Use the arrow keys to view the entire function HP 39G You could also just define F1 x dx sin x 2cos x 10 24 Using mathematical functions To find the indefinite integral using formal variables HINT Using mathematical functions For example to find the indefinite integral of 2 3x 5dx use J 0 51 33 5 3 Enter the function SHIFT a dx O APHA S1 7 3 ALPHA X G2 35 2 ALPHA X D ENTER SOBs S15 3488 5 X 5HRESE CRS 682 9K 089 Lu If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form SHIFT MODES is set to Comma use 7 instead of 2 Show the result format 41 3 to close the show window 4 bid the result and evaluate ENERO NAR EA NAE PNE NQ AQUA AIA Peas St Saxe s HI SENTARORAS BAGRCN 21 OUO RTDXGCAC S AD GSECEOA 3519434051733 38 GREE FUNCTIDMN eects FCs Si SEMEL A Sent Se C Agra aM A22 bas SEA SE CK S737 SK CK Y 1 3 514 34 91 3 3 ECT Bae Ee ee ERE HP 39G HP 40G Thus substituting X for 1 it can be seen that 3
104. calculation Note The default values are sample data from the on line help example Eme STAT SYMBOLIC ma lH SHIFT SETUP NUM Ee Z3 a ERE Import the data from the Statistics aplet Note The data Jin CI is displayed by default Note m there are other n amp columns of data in the Sei err Statistics aplet you could m Stat inport data eo Lunn select a column and press Hm uidi lo see the statistics before importing them into the Numeric Setup view Also if there is more than one aplet based on the Statistics aplet you are prompted to choose one 297844254603 6 99 edid nean 9 7 Display Numeric view Display Plot view EL 12 13 Specify a 90 confidence interval in the C field v v v to move to the C field 0 9 Display the confidence interval in the Numeric view Note The interval setting is 0 5 NUM GREER INF STAT MUMERIC VIEH 2E v Critical Tz tz 815048 Display the confidence interval in the Plot view pee 2 015046 ChIT T gt 2 015048 You can see from the 3 g Bl e dos Ch 8970188 second text row that the mmm mE TANE EEEM mean is contained within the 9096 confidence interval CI of 0 3469814 to 0 8370186 u Note The graph is a simple generic bell curve It is not meant to accurately represent the t distribution with 5 degrees of freedom Inference aplet Hypothesi
105. cs Indep All Aplets invCross All Aplets Isect Function Labels All Aplets 15 32 Sets the width of histogram bars From Plot Setup in IVAR stats set a value for Hwidth or In a program type nb Hwidth Defines the value of the independent variable used in tracing mode In a program type nb Indep Toggles between solid crosshairs or inverted crosshairs Inverted is useful if the background is solid From Plot Setup check or uncheck InvCross or In a program type 1 InvCross to invert the crosshairs 0 gt InvCross for solid crosshairs default Contains the last value found by the Intersection function in the Plot FCN menu Draws labels in Plot view showing X and Y ranges From Plot Setup check or uncheck Labeis or In a program type 1 Labels to turn labels on 0 Labels to turn labels off default Programming Nmin Nmax Sequence Recenter All Aplets Root Function S1mark S5mark Statistics SeqPlot Sequence Programming Defines the minimum and maximum independent variable values Appears as the NRNG fields in the Plot Setup input form From Plot Setup enter values for NRNG Or In a program type n Nmin n gt Nmax where Ay gt ny Recenters at the crosshairs locations when zooming From Plot Zoom Set Factors check or uncheck __ Recenter or In a program type l Recenter to turn recenter on default 0 Recenter to tu
106. ctor for the horizontal scale XZOOM and one for the vertical scale YZOOM Zooming out multiplies the scale by the factor so that a greater scale distance appears on the screen Zooming in divides the scale by the factor so that a shorter scale distance appears on the screen Aplets and their views Other views for scaling and splitting the graph VIEWS menu options Aplets and their views The preset viewing options menu VIEWS contains options for drawing the plot using certain pre defined configurations This is a shortcut for changing Plot view settings For instance if you have defined a trigonometric function then you could select Trig to plot your function on a trigonometric scale It also contains split screen options In certain aplets for example those that you download from the world wide web the preset viewing options menu can also contain options that relate to the aplet Press VIEWS select an option and press HA Option Plot Splits the screen into the plot and a Detail close up Plot Table Splits the screen into the plot and the data table Overlay Plots the current expression s without Plot erasing any pre existing plot s Auto Scale Rescales the vertical axis so that the display shows a representative piece of the plot for the supplied x axis settings For Sequence and Statistics aplets autoscaling rescales both axes The autoscale process uses the first selected
107. curve to fit the checked two variable data set s See To choose the fit on page 8 11 SENZ STATISTICS sYMEULIC VIEW SERRE S1 C1 C2 Fiti 2 1219512192531 S52 03 EE Fitz HB ENTER USER DEFINED FIT CEMT CHRD Rep SHO EVAL The expression in Fit2 1 98682191781 842 265 shows that the slope 1 98082191781 and the y intercept 2 2657 The correlation coefficient is stored in the CORR variable It is a measure of fit to a inear curve only Regardless of the Fit model you have chosen CORR relates to the linear model The relative error 1s stored in a variable named RELERR The relative error provides a measure of fit accuracy for all fits and it does depend on the Fit model you have chosen The relative error is a measure of the error between predicted values and actual values based on the specified Fit A smaller number means a better fit In order to access these variables after you plot a set of statistics you must press NUM to access the numeric view and then HE48 to display the correlation values The values are stored in the variables when you access the Symbolic view 8 17 Setting up the plot Plot setup view Plot type 1VAR Histogram width Histogram range Plotting mark 2VAR Connected points 2VAR 8 18 The Plot Setup view SHIFT SETUP PLOT sets most of the same plotting parameters as it does for the other built in aplets See Setting up
108. d NUM to configure the aplet For example press sHIFT SETUP PLOT SHIFT to display the input form for setting the aplet s plot settings Angle measure is controlled using the MODES view Press SHIFT SETUP PLOT Sets parameters to plot a graph aTICK 1d YTICK 1 RES Faster ENTER MINIMUM HORIZONTAL VALUE Eee ee Y Press SHIFT SETUP NUM Sets SEREEFUNCTIUM NUMERIC SETUP SERE ld NUMSTART parameters for building a table umete C1 of numeric values MUMTYPE Automatic NUMZoOM 4 ENTER STARTING VALUE FOR TRELE i ee 1 je eee This view is only available in gens craristics svmenuc SETUP SERE the Statistics aplet in 2VAR ANGLE MEASURE TREE TRE siFiDTrL inear tE innear mode where 1t plays an saFIT L ineat SYRIT Linear important role in choosing data 5F Linear CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE models Press SHIFT SETUP Eue E E EEREESEI EREEEEN SYMB Each view is a separate environment To change a view select a different view by pressing SYMB NUM keys or select a view from the VIEWS menu To change to HOME press HOME You do not explicitly close the current view you just enter another one like passing from one room into another in a house Data that you enter is automatically saved as you enter it You can save an aplet configuration that you have used and transfer the aplet to other HP 39G 40G calculators See Sending and receiving aplets on page 16 5 Mathemat
109. d by menu option 2 Name the program that configures the new VIEWS menu option APL SV where SV stands for SETVIEWS For example a customized aplet called Differentiation might call programs called DIFF ME1 DIFF ME2 and DIFF SV Customizing an aplet example This example aplet is designed to demonstrate the process of configuring an aplet The new aplet is based on the Function aplet Note This aplet is not intended to serve a serious use merely to illustrate the process Save the aplet 15 10 l Open the Function aplet and save it as EXPERIMENT The new aplet appears in the Aplet library Select Function Bibis Function EXPERIMENT Statistics Inference B5 Parametric RESET SORT SEND REC Create a program called EXP MEI with contents iBbxmin 1Bba5max as shown This program e6EYmin ebYmax configures the plot RUN EXP RNG ranges then runs a STOR SPACE DENEN DTE program that allows you to configure the angle format Programming 3 Create a program called EXP ME2 with contents as shown This program ZUR sets the numeric view PUN EXP ANG options for the aplet and gappesEZTGEHEEHLEEEREB DERE runs the program that you can use to configure the angle mode 4 Create a program called SS RRP ANG PROGRAM See EXP ANG which the Bice BOSE previous two programs ANGLE MESURE call Radian 5 Create a program call
110. d list item into the edit line dis Inserts a new value before the highlighted item DEL Deletes the highlighted item from the list SHIFT CLEAR Clears all elements from the list v or Moves to the end or the beginning of A the list Create a listin 1 Enter the list in the edit line Start and end the list with HOME braces the shifted and 9 keys and separate each element with a comma 2 Press to evaluate and display the list Immediately after typing in the list you can store it in a variable by pressing MEMA istname ENTER The list variable names are LO through L9 This example stores the list 25 147 8 in L1 You can omit the final brace when entering a list Lists 13 3 Displaying and editing lists To display a list Inthe List catalog highlight the list name and press EE In HOME enter the name of the list and press ENTER To display one In HOME enter listname element For example if L2 is element 3 4 5 6 then L2 2 returns 4 To edit a list 1 Open the List catalog SHIFT LIST want to edit L1 etc and press RH to display the list contents 3 Press Or to highlight the element you want to edit In this example edit the third element so that it has a value of 5 vj EDIT z E 5 d ee 4 Press ids 13 4 Lists To insert an Open the List catalog element in a list DE 2
111. d press MA AE OTE ESP Fmiikism T DOMOS x Sun MATH FUNCTIONS SERERE eee CCINCRT t Loop ALIST Matrix MAKELIST jPalunom IST La yi List functions have the following syntax e Functions have arguments that are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas Example CONCAT L1 L2 An argument can be either a list variable name such as L1 or the actual list For example REVERSE 1 2 3 If Decimal Mark in MODES is set to Comma use periods to separate arguments For example CONCAT L1 L2 Common operators like x and can take lists as arguments If there are two arguments and both are lists then the lists must have the same length since the calculation pairs up the elements If there are two arguments and one is a real number then the calculation pairs the number with each element of the list Example oly ey SF fetums 5 10 15 Besides the common operators that can take numbers matrices or lists as arguments there are commands that can only operate on lists Lists 13 7 CONCAT ALIST MAKELIST HINT Concatenates two lists into a new list CONCAT listi list2 Example CONCAT 1 2 3 4 returns 1 2 3 4 Creates a new list composed of the differences between the sequential elements in ist The new list has one fewer elements than ist The first differences for x x Xp are XIX oe Xp ALIST list Example In HOME store
112. d then graphics variable X store that graphic into a graphics variable I In the Sketch view display the sketch you want to copy store into a variable 2 Press EEL 3 Highlight the variable name you want to use and press ET 4 Draw a box around the portion you want to copy move the cursor to one corner press EE then move the cursor to the opposite corner and press EES m KP ee Se Notes and sketches 14 5 To import a graphics variable The notepad To create a note in the Notepad You can copy the contents of a graphics variable into the Sketch view of an aplet 1 Open the Sketch view of the aplet 5HiFT SKETCH The graphic will be copied here Press VARS GHEE Highlight Graphic then press and highlight the name of the variable G1 etc t 3 Press BETES BIS to recall the contents of the graphics variable 4 Move the box to where you would like to copy the graphic then press iiss Subject to available memory you can store as many notes as you want in the Notepad SHIFT NOTEPAD These notes are independent of any aplet The Notepad catalog lists the existing entries by name t does not include notes that were created in aplets Note views but these can be imported See To import a note on page 14 8 Display the Notepad catalog SHIFT NOTEPAD E NITE CATALOG Sees EEL x Create a new note 3 Enter a name for your
113. d workmanship when properly installed and used If HP receives notice of such defects during the warranty period HP will replace software media which does not execute its programming instructions due to such defects Reference information Reference information HP does not warrant that the operation of HP products will be uninterrupted or error free If HP is unable within a reasonable time to repair or replace any product to a condition as warranted you will be entitled to a refund of the purchase price upon prompt return of the product HP products may contain re manufactured parts equivalent to new in performance or may have been subject to incidental use Warranty does not apply to defects resulting from a improper or inadequate maintenance or calibration b software interfacing parts or supplies not supplied by HP c unauthorized modification or misuse d operation outside of the published environmental specifications for the product or e improper site preparation or maintenance HP MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY OR CONDITION WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF MERCHANTABILITY SATISFACTORY QUALITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE EXPRESS WARRANTY SET FORTH ABOVE Some countries states or provinces do not allow limitations on the duration of an implied warranty so the above limitation or exclusion might not app
114. data and which column contains frequencies You can also compute statistics values in HOME and recall the values of specific statistics variables The values computed in the Statistics aplet are saved in variables and many of these variables are listed by the BETE function accessible from the Statistics aplet s Numeric view screen Getting started with the Statistics aplet Statistics aplet The following example asks you to enter and analyze the advertising and sales data in the table below compute statistics fit a curve to the data and predict the effect of more advertising on sales Advertising minutes Resulting independent x Sales dependent y 8 1 Open the Statistics aplet Enter data l Open the Statistics aplet and clear existing data by pressing AF34 Select Statistics i TUTTI The Statistics aplet LEGIT IN S0RT BG ivaRals AES starts in the Numerical 1VAH 2VAH TIGN menu key label At any time the Statistics aplet is configured for only one of two types of statistical explorations one variable EHIH or two variable ES3 1 13 The 5th menu key label in the Numeric view toggles between these two options and shows the current option You need to select EES because in this example we are analyzing a dataset comprising two variables advertising minutes and resulting sales Enter the data into the columns 2 ENTER 1 ENTER 3 ENTER S ENTER
115. dimensional matrices are represented with nested brackets for example 1 2 3 4 5 6 You can create complex matrices for example 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 Matrix Variables There are ten matrix variables available named MO to M9 You can use them in calculations in HOME or in a program You can retrieve the matrix names from the VARS menu or just type their names from the keyboard i LN E IPT TTT Matrices 12 1 Creating and storing matrices You can create edit delete ggg rates CHTRLUG SO FETS send and receive matrices in 1i 181 REAL MATRIN OKE M2 243 REAL MATRIK the Matrix catalog MS 181 REAL MATRIS DKE M4121 REAL MATRIX OE To open the Matrix catalog S 181 REAL Marri ee LEDT NEH ae SEND ERECM co press SHIFT MATRIX OEE You can also create and store matrices named or unnamed in HOME For example the command POLYROOT 1 0 1 0 MI stores the root of the complex vector of length 3 into the M1 variable MI now contains the three roots of xXx xz0 Matrix Catalog The table below lists the operations of the menu keys in the keys Matrix Catalog as well as the use of Delete DEL and Clear SHIFT CLEAR Meaning Opens the highlighted matrix for editing Prompts for a matrix type then opens an empty matrix with the highlighted name Transmits the highlighted matrix to another HP 39G 40G or a disk drive See Sending and receiving aple
116. displays the plot on the left side and a table of numbers on the right side To move up and down BR EEEH the table use the 4 and cursor keys These keys move the trace point left or right along the plot and in the table the corresponding values are highlighted To move between functions use the A and v cursor keys to move the cursor from one graph to another To return to a full Numeric or Plot view press or PLOT Aplets and their views Overlay plots Decimal scaling Integer scaling Trigonometric scaling If you want to plot over an existing plot without erasing that plot then use Overlay Plot instead of PLOT Note that tracing follows only the current functions from the current aplet Decimal scaling is the default scaling If you have changed the scaling to Trig or Integer you can change it back with Decimal Integer scaling compresses the axes so that each pixel is 1 x 1 and the origin is near the screen center Use trigonometric scaling whenever you are plotting an expression that includes trigonometric functions Trigonometric plots are more likely to intersect the axis at points factored by 7 About the numeric view Aplets and their views After entering and selecting check marking the expression or expressions that you want to explore in the Symbolic view press to view a table of data values for the independent variable X T 0 or N and dependent variables 2
117. dit line for editing Press Bii when done Checks unchecks the current expression or set of expressions Only checked expression s are evaluated in the Plot and Numeric views Enters the independent variable in the Function aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Enters the independent variable in the Parametric aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Enters the independent variable in the Polar aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Sequence aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Displays the current expression in text book form Resolves all references to other definitions in terms of variables and evaluates all arithmetric expressions Displays a menu for entering variable names or contents of variables Displays the menu for entering math operations Displays special characters To enter one place the cursor on it and press To remain in the CHARS menu and enter another special character press HELM Enters the independent variable in the Deletes the highlighted expression or the current character in the edit line Deletes all expressions in the list or clears the edit line Aplets and their views About the Plot view After entering and selecting check marking the expression in the Symbolic view press PLOT To adjust the appearance of the graph or the interval that is displayed you can change the Plot view settings You can plot up to ten expr
118. dit the program The insert cursor appears in the program at the point where the error occurred 2 Edit the program to fix the error Re start the program 4 Repeat the process until you find and correct all errors Stop a You can stop the execution of a program at any time by program pressing CANCEL the key Note You may have to press it a couple of times MM MM M M r a Programming 15 7 Working with programs Copy a program HINT Transmit a program Delete a program You can use the following procedure if you want to make a copy of your work before editing or if you want to use one program as a template for another 1 Press sHiFT PROGRM to open the Program catalog 2 Press CEM Type a new file name then choose MA di The Program Editor opens with a new program Press to open the Variable menu Press 7 to quickly scroll to Program Press gt then highlight the program you want to copy Press BEMSH then press tii a Suo The contents of the highlighted program are copied into the current program at the cursor location If you use a programming routine often save the routine under a different program name then use the above method to copy it into your programs You can send programs to and receive programs from other calculators just as you can send and receive aplets matrices lists and notes After aligning the calculators infrared ports ope
119. e Note view from the current aplet into the note Assignments in the Notepad l Inthe Notepad SHiFT NOTEPAD open the note Assignments 2 Press highlight Note in the left column then press and highlight NoteText in the right column 3 Press EGET Ma to recall the contents of the Note view into the note Assignments Notes and sketches 15 Programming Introduction This chapter describes how to program using the HP 39G 40G In this chapter you ll learn about using the Program catalog to create and edit programs e programming commands storing and retrieving variables in programs e programming variables HINT More information on programming including examples and special tools can be found at HP s calculators web site www hp com calculators The Contents ofa An HP 39G 40G program contains a sequence of numbers Program mathematical expressions and commands that execute automatically to perform a task These items are separated by a colon Commands that take multiple arguments have those arguments separated by a semicolon For example PIXON xposition yposition Structured Inside a program you can use branching structures to control Programming the execution flow You can take advantage of structured programming by creating building block programs Each building block program stands alone and it can be called from other programs Note If a program has a space
120. e program catalog The programs that you created should appear as follows You must now RUN the program EXP SV to execute the SETVIEWS command and create the modified VIEWS menu Check that the name of the new aplet is highlighted in the APLET view You can now return to the APLET library and press START to run your new aplet 15 13 Programming commands This section describes the commands for programming with HP 39G 40G You can enter these commands in your program by typing them or by accessing them from the Commands menu Aplet commands CHECK SELECT SETVIEWS These commands control aplets Checks selects the corresponding function in the current aplet For example Check 3 would check F3 if the current aplet is Function Then a checkmark would appear next to F3 in Symbolic view F3 would be plotted in Plot view and evaluated in Numeric view CHECK n Selects the named aplet and makes it the current aplet Note Quotes are needed if the name contains spaces or other special characters SELECT apletname The SETVIEWS command is used to define entries in the VIEWS menu for aplets that you customize See About customizing an aplet on page 15 9 for an example of using the SETVIEWS command When you use the SETVIEWS command the aplet s standard VIEWS menu is deleted and the customized menu is used in its place You only need to apply the command to an aplet once The View menu changes remain unless you a
121. e sdesoei pda dt aloe I ep uod l 11 ANDIets E CSSONS aro a cashec oe tua btana lesaseascassadeduxeaoenasaeve 1 1 APIE DEI ETT RUNE I 15 Wale a 1 15 ADEer View CONO UTA OD assa ENSURE seo as 1 17 Mathematical calcu KODS uoin educa er cotto vivat tad 1 18 Usi HSCHOBS agonie ates dmi aie mu iR LED NL c LC EE 1 24 COMPIE TUNO S P MR 1 27 Catalogs and CAOS caca RNS 1 28 Differences between the HP 38G and the HP 39G A40G 1 29 2 Aplets and their views ADEVE WS cd Mu D DN users cea tarium a EN E ERE Ud 2 PADOUU THES VE DOUG VIGW aveisson a etl Desain nO NER 2 Defining an expression Symbolic view 2 1 Lvaluatmb Expres SIONS anai veau N it afoci s 2 3 ADOUPIBOPIOEVIOW Co osse peut sebo adem EI E IM 2 5 Setting up the plot Plot view setup adde reve eon cbv each as 2 5 EXDIOUBP HE Tra IE uen oaa aive DRAN Mut M ber Bok 2 7 Other views for scaling and splitting the graph 2 14 ADONE ING INE HO VIEW ese da ve crise bte blc stes ato s iO eL 2 16 setting up the table numeric view setup sseesseeeeeeene 2 17 Exploring the table Of numbers eee tete mes 2 18 Building your own table of numbers 0 cccccccceesesseeeesssceeseeeens 2 19 Build Your Own menu Keys uiui apetece tetubioe esteri bos bora de 2 20 Example plodimta CHele epe coL IM I qM EE 2 21 Contents Function aplet About the Function aplet s eoe vus Eb puesta eu pa PARA Ese ATA TO AE 3
122. ed EXP S which runs when you start the aplet as shown This program sets the angle mode to degrees and sets up the initial function that the aplet plots Configuring In this section we will begin by configuring the VIEWS the Setviews menu by using the SETVIEWS command We will then create the helper programs called by the VIEWS menu menu option which will do the actual work programs Open the Program catalog and create a program named EXP S V Include the following code in the program Text shown in italics below are comments only Each entry line after the EEN s PROGRAM BER command SETVIEWS is ntrul EXP MEI My a trio that consists of a Entrue i ENP HE2 331 ae H z H VIEWS menu text line a i EESP TE 243 STRRT space indicates none a ac i program name and a number that defines the view to go to after the program has run its course All programs listed here will transfer with an aplet when the aplet is transferred Programming 15 11 SETVIEWS 5 18 Sets the first menu option to be Auto scale This is the fourth standard Function aplet view menu option and the 18 Auto scale specifies that it is to be included in the new menu The empty quotes will ensure that the old name of Auto scale appears on the new menu See SETVIEWS on page 15 14 My Entryi EXP ME1 1 Sets the second menu option This option runs program EXP ME1 then returns to view 1 Plot
123. ed from differences 13 8 concatenating 13 8 counting elements in 13 9 creating 13 1 13 3 13 4 13 5 deleting 13 6 deleting list items 13 3 displaying 13 4 displaying list elements 13 4 editing 13 3 finding statistical values in list ele ments 13 10 generate a series 13 8 generating series 13 8 list function syntax 13 7 list variables 13 1 returning position of element in 13 9 reversing order in 13 9 sending and receiving 13 6 sorting elements 13 9 storing elements 13 1 13 4 13 5 storing one element 13 7 logarithm 10 4 logarithmic fit 8 12 functions 10 4 logical operators AND 10 21 equals logical test 10 20 greater than 10 20 greater than or equal to 10 20 IFTE 10 21 less than 10 20 less than or equal to 10 20 NOT 10 21 not equal to 10 20 OR 10 21 XOR 10 21 logistic fit 8 12 loop commands BREAK 15 23 DO UNTIL END 15 22 FOR I 15 23 WHILE REPEAT END 15 22 loop functions ITERATE 10 11 RECURSE 10 11 summation 10 11 low battery 1 1 lowercase letters 1 6 M mantissa 10 16 math functions complex number 10 8 hyperbolic 10 10 in menu map R 15 keyboard 10 4 logical operators 10 20 menu 1 7 polynominal 10 12 probability 10 13 real number 10 15 symbolic 10 19 trigonometry 10 21 math operations 1 18 enclosing arguments 1 20 in scientific notation 1 19 negative numbers in 1 18 matrices adding rows 15 23 addition and subtraction 12 6 arguments 12 10 arithmetic operations in 12 6 assembly from vectors
124. ed zr 12803834 probability are displayed along with the critical value s of the test and the associated critical value s of the statistic Note You can access the on line help in Numeric view inference aplet Plot test results 8 Display a graphic view of the test results l PLOT EP See r a CRIT Test Z2 Siea Horizontal axes are presented for both the distribution variable and the test statistic generic bell curve represents the probability distribution function Vertical lines mark the critical value s of the test as well as the value of the test statistic The rejection region is marked lt R and the test numeric results are displayed between the horizontal axes xz 065i125z Saena SERII x Importing Sample Statistics from the Statistics aplet Open the Statistics aplet Inference aplet The Inference aplet supports the calculation of confidence intervals and the testing of hypotheses based on data in the Statistics aplet Computed statistics for a sample of data in a column in any Statistics based aplet can be imported for use in the Inference aplet The following example illustrates the process A calculator produces the following 6 random numbers 0 529 0 295 0 952 0 259 0 925 and 0 592 l Open Statistics aplet Note Reset current settings Select c en The Statistics aplet opens in the Numeric view 9 5 Enter data 2 Inthe Cl column enter the
125. eeres R 15 MOD DUI CHODS ecciesie Lii ee he ee oet R 15 PEO Shar CODSDUDES ois anea Deb ae vod Ea Adeo Lok R 17 Program commands eco oneri teh vid esp e orte isti ven eiie iia R 18 nelected statis MESSAGES ood codon ceci eerie cabe coorta Dee REOS L IN edd R 19 Index vi Contents Preface ia Se aT naa aL errata reer ete The HP 39G 40G is a feature rich graphing calculator It is also a powerful mathematics learning tool The HP 39G 40G is designed so that you can use it to explore mathematical functions and their properties You can get more information on the HP 39G 40G from Hewlett Packard s Calculators web site You can download customized aplets from the web site and load them onto your calculator Customized aplets are special applications developed to perform certain functions and to demonstrate mathematical concepts Hewlett Packard s Calculators web site can be found at www hp com calculators Manual conventions The following conventions are used in this manual to represent the keys that you press and the menu options that you choose to perform the described operations Key presses are represented as follows SN COS HOME etc Shift keys that is the key functions that you access by pressing the key first are represented as follows SHIFT JCLEAR SHIFT MODES SHiFT ACOS etc Numbers and letters are represented normally as follows 5 7 A B etc Menu options that is the func
126. elec detail tu oh iode 15 4 Usine PEO BRAINS PIE 15 7 Workimp Wit DEOPEAITIS ees iaie isdn E manent 15 8 About CUSTOMIZING am apleta s n v a dd FO EH e OSSA UE 15 9 Aplet naming convenon Gaius casae aires te PEE Ded tM tav aide sapo oed 15 10 CUSTOMIZING am aplet example xus dest oer ae EUR URP DION S 15 10 POCTAMI CODIDIBBS uode ono pev Dev baute in r adis tea cd aes 15 14 APE CODI BHO cascos en titius olet oe nda odas erp ud 15 14 Branch CODIDSBdS uo deg eres itor ORES o sofa Re e NES 15 17 Draw ime commands o aos Sq DA HER see eee 15 19 Grape COTIDATIOS 2 occursu to piu RAE OM GRAUE e qud 15 20 LOOP COMMAS oo estos dieti tas cect ee etas teta Gp dest icu ia iL 15 22 Miro commands uoto oed dd mde dedi uen 15 23 PRE COU ANG TTD 15 25 Prompt COMIMIANGS 5o sete RM dies pred na uS IM Ed EE cie 15 25 Stat One and Stat Two commands eese 15 29 Storing and retrieving variables in programs sseee 15 30 PIOUVIEW VanableS aoo ciiin idet A Eod dave tu ieu ea Eus 15 30 5vmboHC Vie Ww Variables a2 eode i v aue dato opi duc E 15 37 Namene view Vanlables spo Ee tmm tenebant sts 15 39 NOI Vara ES ces ded estos Suevesotre ne absrdei edad ire torvo tetevactudie 15 42 SEREN A DE gee eae cn dde cn E EE 15 42 16 Extending aplets Creating new aplets based on existing aplets seeeeesssse 16 1 Iesetting an Ap Obese iiss ot oo NTA 16 4 Annotating an aplet with notes Laudat ek etta CHI oe EE Eds 16 4 Annotat
127. els Pressing BEH a second time removes ifie row of labels to display only the graph e Pressing i lai a third time displays the coordinate mode Displays ZOOM menu list Turns trace mode on off A white box appears over the amp on HAT Opens an input form for you to enter an X or T or N or 0 value Enter the value and press Bii The cursor jumps to the point on the graph that you entered Function aplet only Turns on menu list for root finding functions see Analyse graph with FCN functions on page 3 3 Displays the current defining expression Press isiziili to restore the Meaning Erases the plot and axes Offers additional pre defined views for splitting the screen and for scaling zooming the axes Moves cursor to far left or far right i men J 2 7 Trace a graph To move between relations To jump directly to a value To turn trace on off Zoom within a graph ZOOM options 2 8 You can trace along a function using the 4 or key which moves the cursor along the graph The display also shows the current coordinate position x y of the cursor Trace mode and the coordinate display are automatically set when a plot is drawn Note Tracing might not appear to exactly follow your plot if the resolution in Plot Setup view is set to Faster This is because RES FASTER plots in only every other column whereas tracing always uses every column In
128. ence aplet If used with where RECURSE will step through the evaluation RECURSE sequencename term n term term2 Example RECURSE U U N 1 N 1 2 Baga U1 N Stores a factorial calculating function named U1 When you enter U1 5 for example the function calculates 5 120 summation Finds the sum of expression with respect to variable from initialvalue to finalvalue 2 variable initialvalue finalvalue expression Example 2 Cat 5 C returns 55 Matrix functions Using mathematica functions These functions are for matrix data stored in matrix variables See Matrix functions and commands on page 12 9 10 11 Polynomial functions POLYCOEF POLYEVAL POLYFORM POLYROOT 10 12 Polynomials are products of constants coefficients and variables raised to powers ferms Polynomial coefficients Returns the coefficients of the polynomial with the specified roots POLYCOEF roots Example To find the polynomial with roots 2 3 4 5 POLYCOEF 2 3 4 5 retums 1 2 25 26 120 representing x 4232253726x4120 Polynomial evaluation Evaluates a polynomial with the specified coefficients for the value of x POLYEVAL coefficients value Example For 344232 2532 26x4120 POLYEVAL 1 2 25 26 120 8 returns 3432 Polynomial form Creates a polynomial in variable from expression POLYFORM expression variablel Example POLYFORM X 1 24 1 X
129. er of decimal places to use for Number format From Solve s Numeric Setup view enter a value in the second field of Number Format or In a program type ne Digits where 0 n II Except in Solve the value of Digits takes effect only after the current aplet is saved with a new name Until then HDigit is in effect 15 39 Format All Aplets NumCol All Aplets except Statistics aplet NumFont Function Parametric Polar Sequence Statistics Numindep Function Parametric Polar Sequence 15 40 Defines the number display format From Solve s Numeric Setup view choose Standard Fixed Scientific or Engineering in the Number Format field or In a program store the constant name or its number into the variable Format l Standard 2 Fixed 3 Scientific 4 Engineering Note Fraction is not a valid mode in aplets Except in Solve the value of Format takes effect only after the current aplet is saved with a new name Until then HFormat is in effect Example Scientific gt Format or 3 Format Defines the highlighted column in Numeric view In a program type n NumCol where n can be 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Toggles the font size in Numeric view Does not appear in the Num Setup input form Corresponds to the BIG key in Numeric view In a program type 0 gt NumFont for small default 1 NumFont for big List of independent values used by Build Your Own Table In a progra
130. es screen press SHIFT then press HOME MODES is labelled in blue above the key You do not need to hold down when you press HOME This action is depicted in this manual as press SHIFT MODES To cancel a shift press again The alphabetic keys are also shifted keystrokes For instance to type Z press ALPHA JZ The letters are printed in orange to the lower right of each key To cancel Alpha press again For a lower case letter press SHIET APEA For a string of letters hold down The HP 39G built in help is available in HOME only It provides syntax help for built in math functions Access the HELPWITH command by pressing SHIFT SYNTAX and then the math key for which you require syntax help Press SHIFTISYNTAX HELPHITH 4 Note Remove the left parenthesis from built in commands such as sine cosine and tangent before invoking the HELPWITH command Getting started Math keys HINT Program commands Inactive keys Getting started HOME HOME is the place to do calculations Keyboard keys The most common operations are available from the keyboard such as the arithmetic like and trigonometric like SIN functions Press to complete the operation SHiFT N 256 ENTER displays 16 MATH menu Press to open the MATH menu The MATH menu is a comprehensive list of math functions that do not appear on the keyboard It also includes categories fo
131. es the character to the left of the cursor that is it performs the same as a backspace key e CANCEL ON clears the edit line e SHIFT CLEAR clears all input and output in the display including the display history The HOME display HOME shows you four lines of input output history An unlimited except by memory number of previous lines can be displayed by scrolling You can retrieve and reuse any of these values or expressions ERAD input 142 Output CT Last input F2 99 7 Last output Edit line 83554 ETEM ee A When you highlight a previous input or result by pressing A D the ES and HES menu labels appear CERICIERIT m voc dp COPY SAMA poo Highlight the line press A and press EMA The number or expression is copied into the edit line Press sHiFT ANS last answer to put the last result from the HOME display into an expression ANS is a variable that is updated each time you press ENTER To repeat the very last line just press ENTER Otherwise highlight the line press A first and then press ENTER The highlighted expression or number is re entered If the previous line is an expression containing the ANS the calculation is repeated iteratively 1 21 Example See how SHIFT ANS retrieves and reuses the last result 50 and updates ANS from 50 to 75 to 100 SO ENTER 25 GE FUNCTION SR Ans 25 ee 1 You can use the last
132. es of the parent aplet Save the standard aplet under a new name 2 Configure the new aplet if you need to for example by presetting axes or angle measures 3 Develop the programs to work with your aplet When you develop the aplet s programs use the standard aplet naming convention This allows you to keep track of the programs in the Program catalog that belong to each aplet See Aplet naming convention on page 15 10 4 Develop a program that uses the SETVIEWS command to modify the aplet s VIEWS menu The menu options provide links to associated programs You can specify any other programs that you want transferred with the aplet See SETVIEWS on page 15 14 for information on the command 5 Ensure that the new aplet is selected then run the menu configuration program to configure the aplet s VIEWS menu 6 Test the aplet and debug the associated programs Refer to Debug a program on page 15 7 M M M M a a Programming 15 9 Aplet naming convention To assist users in keeping track of aplets and associated programs use the following naming convention when setting up an aplet s programs Start all program names with an abbreviation of the aplet name We will use APL in this example Name programs called by menu entries in the VIEWS menu number after the entry for example APL MEI for the program called by menu option APL ME2 for the program calle
133. ess BIB when you have finished You can draw aline at any angle by movingthe cursor Enn Draws a box from the cursor s starting position to the point at which you press pra EIREE Draws a circle with the cursor s starting position as the center The radius is the distance between the cursor s starting and ending position Press Ei to draw the circle i tL 44 4 Notes and sketches To label parts ofa 1 Press and type the text in the edit line To lock the sketch Alpha shift on press EB for uppercase or sHirt E88 for lowercase To make the label a smaller character size turn off EEG eas GH is a toggle between small and before pressing GEE large font size The smaller character size cannot display lowercase letters 2 Press ME Position the label where you want it by pressing the a Lv De La keys 4 Press HA again to affix the label Press Wail to continue drawing or press to exit Sketch view To create a Set Of You can create a set of up to ten sketches This allows for sketches simple animation After making a sketch press to add a new blank page You can now make a new sketch which becomes part of the current set of sketches To view the next sketch in an existing set press MIAZ Hold Giff down for animation To remove the current page in the current sketch series press DEL To store into a You can define a portion of a sketch inside a box an
134. essions at the same time Select the expressions you want to be plotted together Setting up the plot Plot view setup Plot view settings Aplets and their views Press SHiFT SETUP PLOT to define any of the settings shown in the next two tables Highlight the field to edit If ds isa oe to enter type it in and press Ifthere is an option to choose ic Sunn highlight your choice and press or HES As a shortcut SLES just highlight the field to eee and press to cycle through the options If there is an option to select or deselect press Ea to check or uncheck it 2 Press iE to view more settings 3 When done press to view the new plot The plot view settings are Field Meaning XRNG YRNG Specifies the minimum and maximum horizontal X and vertical Y values for the plotting window RES For function plots Resolution Faster plots in alternate pixel columns Detail plots in every pixel column values T for the graph ORNG Polar aplet Specifies the angle 9 value range for the graph 2 5 TRNG Parametric aplet Specifies the t Meaning Continued NRNG Sequence aplet Specifies the index N values for the graph TSTEP For Parametric plots the increment for the independent variable OSTEP For Polar plots the increment value for the independent variable SEQPLOT For Sequence aplet Stairste
135. f the program GW Moves up or down one line na lt Moves right or left one character Alpha lock for letter entry Press A Z to lock lower case EKER Backspaces cursor and deletes character Deletes current character Starts a new line SHIFT CLEAR Erases the entire program Menus for entering variable names contents of variables math functions and program constants SHIFT CMDS Menus for entering program conmmands SHIFT CHARS Displays all characters To type one highlight it and press MA To enter several characters ina row use the Hifi menu key while in the CHARS menu RENE EMEN CERERI 15 6 Programming Using programs Runa program From HOME type RUN program name or From the Program catalog highlight the program you want to run and press AE Regardless of where you start the program all programs run in HOME What you see will differ slightly depending on where you started the program If you start the program from HOME the HP 39G 40G displays the contents of Ans Home variable containing the last result when the program has finished If you start the program from the Program catalog the HP 39G 40G returns you to the Program catalog when the program ends Debug a If you run a program that contains errors the program will program stop and you will see an error message i Edit program To debug the program amp Invalid Sunt ax 1 Choose to e
136. gram catalog menu keys You can use any of the following keys both menu and keyboard to perform tasks in the Program catalog 15 2 Programming Program catalog keys The program catalog keys are Key Meaning EDIT Opens the highlighted program for editing HELI Prompts for a new program name then opens an empty program Transmits the highlighted program to another HP 39G 40G or to a disk drive REC Receives the highlighted program from another HP 39G 40G or from a disk drive FUN Runs the highlighted program a or Moves to the beginning or end of the Program catalog DEL Deletes the highlighted program CLEAR Deletes all programs in the program catalog M M A I IRAE Programming 15 3 Creating and editing programs Create a new Press SHIFT PROGRM to open the Program catalog program Press HEH The HP 39G 40G SHORES MERI PR GRHIM 253 prompts you for a name p ENTER MAME FOR MEM PROGRAM Eee ee ee ee EP A program name can contain special characters such as a space However if you use special characters and then run the program by typing it in HOME you must enclose the program name in double quotes Dont use the symbol within your program name 3 Type your program name then press MA When you press Liss the Program Editor opens 4 Enter your program W
137. he HP 39G lets you spend less time r ading Impact resistant sliding hard cover Support for overhead display unit This package includes What is an E lesson Aplet AHP 39G Algebraic Graphing Calculator Ahard slide on cover for screen and key protection 3x AAA Batteries A User s Guide A Quick Start Guide manuals and more time learning E lessons are adapted from topics in textbooks then neatly packaged to help you learn math and science They can teach you new math concepts as you explore at your own pace trying different things experimenting E lessons are so easy you can even create your own HP quality and support Easy to learn and use Hewlett Packard specializes in high quality products and first class support Limited warranty is available and technical Access all the HP 39G s fuieto through easy to read support is just a phone call away Further information is available menus No more keystroke memorization at our website Enter data in simple algebraic notation that looks and http www hp com calculators works just like equations written on paper Actual size 187x 89 x 28cm See notes sketches equations formulas and graphs With 7 4x35x11in 256KB of built in memory It s amazingly powerful Complies with Canadian EMC Class B requirements You can even see two displays side by side for Conforme la classe B des normes canadiennes de compatibilit l lectromagn tiques
138. he Symbolic view a variable is a symbol only and does not represent one specific value To evaluate a function in Symbolic view press BEE If a function calls another function then 33 18 resolves all references to other functions in terms of their independent variable l Choose the Function aplet s FdigRo Sele a tion ESO L EDIT W CHK ae ERR ETT 2 Enter the expressions in the Function aplet s Symbolic view IER FUNCTION SYMEDLIC VIEH 2595858 AFEA A ORI ETE F2C0x5 B EU Ea VF BCR IEP LCR I F OCH ALPHA F 1 s Ha us F2 0 IL X z 3 Highlight F3 X a i Rsg BRE FUNCTION SYMEDLIC VIEN SERERE Note how the values for eee CAIER ERE FI X and F2 X are substituted into F3 X PRO You can also evaluate any expression in HOME by entering it into the edit line and pressing ENTER For example define F4 as below In HOME type F4 9 and press ENTER This evaluates the expression substituting 9 in place of X into F4 HERMES FUNCTION SYMBOLIC VEH SERERE vVFiCROTHEKE v F2CcRO B MESCAISARKE B CE de KK Betteekti SYMB view keys 2 4 The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the Symbolic view P Or a S QS Meaning M RP A CR CHARS e
139. he evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the sample mean has some assumed value Ho H Ho You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H H lt Hg H u Hg HiU FU The inputs are Field name Definition Sample mean Sample standard deviation Sample size Hypothetical population mean Significance level 9 13 Results The results are Result Description Test T T Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the T Test statistic Critical T Boundary value of T associated with the a level that you supplied Critical X Boundary value of x required by the amp value that you supplied Two Sample T Test Menu name T Test u1 u2 The Two sample T Test is used when the population standard deviation is not known On the basis of statistics from two samples each sample from a different population this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the two populations means are equal H 9 Uy H You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis HM lt H HiU gt ls H U s 9 14 inference aplet Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition x2 Sample 2 mean SI Sample 1 standard deviation 52 Sample 2 standard de
140. he final parenthesis at the end of an edit line The calculator inserts it automatically Parentheses are also important in specifying the order of operation Without parentheses the HP 39G 40G calculates according to the order of algebraic precedence the next topic Following are some examples using parentheses au Calculates 45 Sir n sin 45 amp m M9 i SIN 45 D 4 SHIFT r Gnas ea V85 x 9 xe SHIFT V 85 x 9 Per Functions within an expression are evaluated in the following order of precedence Functions with the same precedence are evaluated in order from left to right 1 Expressions within parentheses Nested parentheses are evaluated from inner to outer Prefix functions such as SIN and LOG Postfix functions such as Power function NTHROOT Negation multiplication and division Addition and subtraction AND and NOT OR and XOR Or Oe UN OEA ues cee Left argument of where 10 Equals The smallest number the HP 39G 40G can represent is 1x1 0 499 1E 499 A smaller result is displayed as zero The largest number is 9 99999999999 x 10779 A larger result is still displayed as this number Getting started Clearing numbers Using previous results To copy a previous line To reuse the last result To repeat a previous line Getting started clears the character under the cursor When the cursor is positioned after the last character delet
141. he intersection The two points of AS a intersection show that a TET ENT there are two solutions for this equation However only positive values for x make sense so we want to find the solution for the intersection on the right side of the y axis Return to the Numeric view NUM SOS SOLVE NUMERIC VIEN SSeS Ln b vA Gl Bos mom Note the T value is filled in with the position of the cursor from the Plot view ENTER VALUE DE PRESS SOLVE INFO ee Bees Ensure that the T value is highlighted and solve the equation ENTE SERS SOLE NUMERIC VIEH ASSAS o2 o T 8 o4 ENTER VALUE D amp PRESS SOLVE EON INFO i DEEN SOLVE 7 9 8 Use this equation to solve for another variable such as velocity How fast must a body s initial velocity be in order for it to travel 50 m within 3 seconds Assume the same acceleration 4 m s Leave the last value of V as an initial guess 3 ENTER ENTER a a fA ac xs SOLVE MUMERIC VEH See 50 ENTER ging i PER EMTER VALUE OR PRESS SOLVE emr inen DEFN Using variables in equations Home variables HINT Aplet variables 7 10 You can use any of the real variable names A to Z and 8 Do not use variable names defined for other types such as M1 a matrix variable All home variables other than those for aplet settings like Xmin and Ytick are global which means they are shared throughout the different aplets
142. hen done start any other activity Your work is saved automatically UU eaaa a TT BT a DT MAIUTEETTU TT iiaiiaitaiaa 15 4 Programming Enter Until you become familiar with the HP 39G 40G commands commands the easiest way to enter commands is to use the Commands menu from the Program editor You can always type in commands using alpha characters From the Program editor press CMDS to open the Program Commands menu SHIFT CMDS RAE ATT ht F es PROGRAM COMMANDS Branch Drawing SETVIEHS Graphic wiUHCHECK LEER ERE EE ee ELTE 2 On the left use v or A to highlight a command category then press gt to access the commands in the category Select the command that you want Wty ty Sana Ap let ARC Branch ERASE Graphic FFEEZE 3 Press EE to paste the command into the program editor To enter functions more to come Edit a program 1 Press sHiFT PROGRM to open the Program catalog 2 Use the arrow keys to highlight the program you want to edit and press EEE The HP 39G 40G opens the Program Editor The name of your program appears in the title bar of the display You can use the following keys to edit your program DE EE Programming 15 5 Editing keys The editing keys are Meaning Inserts the character at the editing point SPACE Inserts space into text Displays previous page of the program Displays next page o
143. hesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the mean of the two populations are equal Hgo U4 Uy You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H Hi Bo Hyg gt Ho H U s The inputs are Field name Definition i x1 i Sample mean i x2 Sample 2 mean nl Sample 1 size n2 sample 2 size ol Population standard deviation 02 Population 2 standard deviation Significance level Inference aplet Results The results are Critical Z mene danaa Z Test statistic Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Boundary value of Z associated with the c level that you supplied One Proportion Z Test Menu name Inputs inference apiet Z Test IP Result Description Test Z On the basis of statistics from a single sample this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The nuli hypothesis is that the proportion of successes in the two populations is equal HoT Ty You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis H in lt To H iT gt To H R T The inputs are Field name Definition X Number of successes in the sample n Sample size To Population proportion of successes 9 11 Results The results are p Test P
144. hics variable on page 14 5 for more information on storing graphic object via the sketch view Library Aplet library variables can store aplets that you have created either by saving a copy of a standard aplet or downloading an aplet from another source a a NAR RAIN tt IRR a a a e e e a a e de List LO to L9 For example 1 2 3 EBET3I 1 Matrix MO to M9 can store matrices or vectors For example 1 2 3 4 H MO Modes Modes variables store the modes settings that you can configure using SHIFT MODES Notepad Notepad variables store notes Program Program variables store programs Real A to Z and 0 For example 7 45 BRIS A Variables and memory management 11 7 Aplet variables Aplet variables store values that are unique to a particular aplet These include symbolic expressions and equations see below settings for the Plot and Numeric views and the results of some calculations such as roots and intersections See the Reference Information chapter for more information about aplet variables Catesopy il Avaliable names BEEN MEE Function FO to F9 Symbolic view See Function aplet variables on page R 9 Parametric X0 YO to X9 Y9 Symbolic view See Parametric aplet variables on page R 10 Polar RO to R9 Symbolic view See Polar aplet variables on page R 11 Sequence UO to U9 Symbolic view See Sequence aplet variables on
145. ical calculations Where to start Entering expressions Example Long results Negative numbers 1 18 The most commonly used math operations are available from the keyboard Access to the rest of the math functions is via the MATH menu MATH To access programming commands press SHIFT CMDS See Programming commands on page 15 14 for further information The home base for the calculator is the HOME view HOME You can do all calculations here and you can access all MATH operations e Enter an expression into the HP 39G 40G in the same left to right order that you would write the expression This is called algebraic entry To enter functions select the key or MATH menu item for that function You can also enter a function by using the Alpha keys to spell out its name e Press ENTER to evaluate the expression you have in the edit line where the blinking cursor is An expression can contain numbers functions and variables 23 14 8 ET Calculate In 45 23 x7 4 1 X SHiFT N 80 73 in 45 O 238 idelfeor seLbht dso 620 996184365 If the result is too long to fit on the display line or if you want to see an expression in textbook format press a to highlight it and then press Eligii Type to start a negative number or to insert a negative sign To raise a negative number to a power enclose it in parentheses For example 5 25 whereas
146. ilable name Plot Axes Tracing Coord Xcross Grid Ycross Indep XEICK InvCross Ytick Labels Xmin Nmin Xmax Nmax Ymin Recenter Ymax SegPlot Xzoom Simuit Yzoom Symbolic Angle U6 i U1 U7 U2 U8 l U3 U9 UA UO U5 Numeric Digits NumRow Format Numstart NumCoi NumStep NumFont NumType NumIndep NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum Reference information Solve aplet variables The solve aplet variables are Category Available name Plot Symbolic Numeric Note Sketch Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep invCross Labels Recenter Tracing Angle El E2 E3 E4 E5 Digits Format NoteText Page XCYrOssS YCrOSS Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax XZOom Yxoom E6 E7 E8 E9 EO NumCol NumRow PageNum E M M a LLL R eference information H 13 Statistics aplet variables The statistics aplet variables are Category Symbolic Numeric Stat One Stat Two Note Sketch e aA aaa S S S a aei atari ie manere Available name Axes Connect Coord Grid Hmin Hmax Hwidth Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simark S2mark S3mark Angle Slfit S2fit C03 6 449 Digits Format NumCol Maxi Mean Median Mink NA Qi COLE Cov Fit Meanx Meany RelErr NoteText Leen MM MM MM NE e M 0 ee M ELA NH SS
147. in its name then you have to put quotes around it when you want to run it Example RUN GETVALUE RUN CALCULATE RUN SHOW ANSWER This program is separated into three main tasks each an individual program Within each program the task can be simple or it can be divided further into other programs that perform smaller tasks Programming 15 1 Program catalog The Program catalog is where you create edit delete send receive or run programs This section describes how to e open the Program catalog create a new program e enter commands from the program commands menu e enter functions from the MATH menu e edit a program e run and debug a program e stop a program e copy a program e send and receive a program e delete a program or its contents e customize an aplet een Open Program Press SHiFT PROGRM catalog The Program catalog displays a list of program names If you haven t created any programs the only name you ll see is Editline Editline contains the last expression that you entered from the edit line in HOME or the last data you entered in an input form If you press from HOME without entering any data the HP 39G 40G runs the contents of Editline Editline is RRO PROGERM CATALOG SE a built in E HEBETREES function eo NENT SEND RECHT RUN Program catalog menu Before starting to work with programs you should take a few minutes to become familiar with the Pro
148. ine if cursor is in edit line NENNEN AL A NN CC A 7 4 Solve aplet Use an initial guess Number format HINT You can usually obtain a faster and more accurate solution if you supply an estimated value for the unknown variable before pressing HASH Solve starts looking for a solution at the initial guess Before plotting make sure the unknown variable is highlighted in the numeric view Plot the equation to help you select an initial guess when you don t know the range in which to look for the solution See Plotting to find guesses on page 7 8 for further information An initial guess is especially important in the case of a curve that could have more than one solution In this case only the solution closest to the initial guess is returned You can change the number format for the Solve aplet in the Numeric Setup view The options are the same as in Home MODES Standard Fixed Scientific and Engineering For the latter three you also specify how many digits of accuracy you want See Mode settings on page 1 9 for more information You might find it handy to set a different number format for the Solve aplet if for example you define equations to solve for the value of money A number format of Fixed 2 would be appropriate in this case http Solve aplet 7 5 Interpreting results After Solve has returned a solution press 2124 in the Numeric view for more infor
149. ing Print commands These commands print to an HP infrared printer for example the HP 82240B printer Note The HP 40G does not have an infrared port and will not print to an infrared printer PRDISPLAY Prints the contents of the display PRDISPLAY PRHISTORY Prints all objects in the history PRHISTORY PRVAR Prints name and contents of variablename PRVAR variablename You can also use the PRVAR command to print the contents of a program or a note PRVAR programname PROG PRVAR notename NOTE Prompt commands You can use the following commands to prompt users for input during your program or to provide information to users BEEP Beeps at the frequency and for the time you specify BEEP frequency seconds CHOOSE Creates a Choose Box which is a box containing a list of options from which the user chooses one Each option is numbered through n The result of the choose command is to store the number of the option chosen in a variable The syntax is CHOOSE default option number title option options Option where default_option_number is the number of the option that will be highlighted by default whenever the Choose Box is displayed title is the text displayed in the title bar of the Choose Box and option option are the options listed in the Choose Box De Dee th te Programming 15 25 DISP DISPTIME EDITMAT 15 26 Example 3 gt A CHOOSE A p COMIC STRIPS
150. ing an aplet with sketches esi beoe api very cr E Ere VIE UADS 16 4 Downloading e lessons from the web sssseeeeeeenn 16 4 DENI and TECEIVING Aplets cuta cesi ER ood eu dbi bo tedhs 16 5 Sorting items in the aplet library menu list cete 16 6 Contents V Reference information Re sulatory IBIOFIHAL DB cos erii Dein bend EAA R 1 DO ee EI R I S cL C R 1 LED Sale E R 2 MEBTEABEV see etel e ute er wed ben veldilubiedee oi Cosoo e ibo Cad R 2 s D M R 4 RESCUING tbe HP 59 eas icc ostio done rete turer eesintaayioas R 4 To erase all memory and reset defaults eeessssssss R 5 If the calculator does not turn on i sss ise e mee ce to eser des aded R 5 CIOS SAI Y deem R 6 Onp ratine details cancussece dies vdesdsdeva E Miu eti as ore R 7 lprucrlqeW TN R 7 Men maps or Hie VARS menis iiri oWE rione eer RE e Ea R 8 Home VAELA NES TNR o MES R 8 Funcion applet VA A DICS cus oce yet tapas ila adresse eec eL R 9 Parametric aplet vardbles iue coi eret Ree ho eere ve vx PE ee e co eee U E eut R 10 Polar apict variables uet E DOREM RUPEE A R 11 SEQUENCE aplet Variables iu noo uos onde lee RS R 12 DOLO aplet Vail ACS aote bm vue tried duu sue tede saure tae ba Les Paed R 13 Statistics aplet variables oo e HU a tasse dam e R 14 Menu maps of the MATH menu cccceecescseesecceeeeneceececeeeeee
151. ion 4 DECIMAL MARK Dot CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE HOODS MG ae MUM Dea reez 4 DECH Grads CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE Press ELER to display a list of choices Press to select NAA E EE Degrees and press HA RS AE ot HUMBER FORMAT Croce ion 4 The angle measure changes to degrees DECIMAL MARK Dot CHOOSE fiHGLE MERSURE Press HOME to return to HOME Whenever an input form has a list of choices for a field you can press to cycle through them instead of using DEI Aplets E lessons Aplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of mathematical operations You select the aplet that you want to work with Aplets come from a variety of sources Built in the HP 39G 40G initial purchase Aplets created by saving existing aplets which have been modified with specific configurations See Creating new aplets based on existing aplets on page 16 1 Downloaded from HP s Calculators web site Copied from another calculator Getting started Aplets are stored in the Aplet library See Aplet library on x page 1 15 for further bd s z information Polar Sequence SE EPIASETDIGETISA You can modify configuration settings for the graphical tabular and symbolic views of the aplets in the following table See Aplet view configuration on page 1 17 for further information x Aplet Use this a
152. ion aplet When you perform calculations that contain normal variables the calculator substitutes values for any variables For example if you enter A B on the command line and press ENTER the calculator retrieves the values for A and B from memory and substitutes them in the calculation To perform symbolic calculations for example symbolic differentiations and integrations you need to use formal names The HP 39G 40G has six formal names available for use in symbolic calculations These are SO to 5 When you perform a calculation that contains a formal name the HP 39G 40G does not carry out any substitutions You can mix formal names and real variables Evaluating A B S1 2 will evaluate A B but not S1 If you need to evaluate an expression that contains formal names numerically you use the where command listed in the Math menu under the Symbolic category For example to evaluate S1 S2 when S1 2 and S2 4 you would enter the calculation as follows The symbol is in the CHARS menu press sHIFT CHARS The sign is listed in the MATH menu under Symbolic functions You can perform symbolic operations in the Function aplet s Symbolic view For example to find the derivative of a function in the Function aplet s Symbolic view you define two functions and define the second function as a derivative of the first function You then evaluate the second function See To find derivatives in the Function aplet
153. ional array of values separated by commas periods if the Decimal Mark is Comma and enclosed in single brackets Created and manipulated by the Matrix catalog and editor The possible contexts for an aplet Plot Plot Setup Numeric Numeric Setup Symbolic Symbolic Setup Sketch Note and special views like split screens Operating temperature 0 to 45 C 32 to 113 F Storage temperature 20 to 65 C 4 to 149 F Operating and storage humidity 90 relative humidity at 40 C 104 F maximum Avoid getting the calculator wet Battery operates at 4 5V dc 60mA maximum Batteries When battery power is low the e annunciator stays on even when the calculator is off There is also a warning Reference information R 7 CAUTION The Netherlands message that appears when the calculator is on Warning Low Bat The HP 39G 40G uses three AAA batteries Be sure all three are of the same brand and type Rechargeable batteries are not recommended because of their lower capacity and more sudden demise To replace batteries 1 Tum the calculator off and place the slide cover over the keyboard to prevent keys from being pressed Your calculator can lose memory if it is turned on while the batteries are being removed Under no circumstances should the batteries be deliberately inserted backwards and the calculator turned on This may cause hardware damage and will void the warranty 2 Remove the bat
154. is executed or until all the test clauses evaluate to false IFERR Many conditions are automatically recognized by the HP THEN 39G 40G as error conditions and are automatically treated as END errors in programs IFERR THEN END allows a program to intercept error conditions that otherwise would cause the program to abort Its syntax is IFERR trap clause THEN error clause END BEND MM MM MEME 15 18 Programming RUN STOP Runs the named program If your program name contains special characters such as a space then you must enclose the file name in double quotes RUN program name or RUN programname Stops the current program STOP Drawing commands ARC BOX ERASE Programming The Drawing commands act on the display The scale of the display depends on the current aplet s Xmin Xmax Y min and Ymax values The following examples assume the HP 39G 40G default settings with the Function aplet as the current aplet Draws a circular arc of given radians whose centre is at x y The arc is drawn from start angle measurement and end angle measurement ARC XY radius start angle measurment end angle measurment Example ARC 0 0 2 0 360 PREEZE Draws a circle centered at 0 0 of radius 2 The FREEZE command causes the circle to remain displayed on the screen until you press a key Draws a box with opposite corners x y and x2 y2 BOX xl yl x2 y2 Example BOX 1
155. key last column 8 6 Statistics aplet Example Statistics aplet You are measuring the height of students in a classroom to find the mean height The first five students have the following measurements 160cm 165cm 170cm 175cm i 80cm E Open the Statistics aplet APLET Select lm RRLET LIE Statistics Statistics RESETIVE Fonction BEE Ss cE lInferential Su 54KB ar Parametric HEB Polar BEE F PSAVE RESET Enter the measurement data 160 165 ENTER 170 175 180 ENTER Find the mean of the sample Ensure the BGI EWA menu key label reads ERAI Press ESZ BE2 to see the statistics calculated from the sample data in C1 Press the v key to scroll to further statistics Note that the title for the Hi i i column of statistics is ME ke Hl There are 5 data set iem definitions available for ea 189 one variable statistics EHE EE DERE EGER E E7337 H1 H5 If data is entered in Cl H1 is automatically set to use C1 for data and the frequency of each data point is set to 1 You can select other columns of data from the Statistics Symbolic setup view 8 7 FT 4 Press K to close the SEOS STATISTICS SYMBOLIC VIEH SE statistics window and des l press key to see H3 i the data set definitions H4 1 ENTER SAMPLE The first column EDIT iwch C SHOWT EVAL indicates the associated column of data fo
156. l apparatus complies with Canadian EMC Class B requirements Cet appareil num rique de la classe B est comforme la classe B des normes canadiennes de compatibilit lectromagn tiques CEM R 1 LED safety Warranty R 2 The infrared port located on the top of the calculator is classified as a Class 1 LED light emitting diode device according to International Standard IEC 825 1 EN 60825 1 This device is not considered harmful but the following precautions are recommended L Do not attempt to make any adjustments to the unit Avoid direct eye exposure to the infrared LED beam Be aware that the beam is invisible light and cannot be seen Do not attempt to view the infrared LED beam with any type of optical device CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT LEDSCH TZKLASSE 1 PRODUKT HP 39G 40G Graphical Calculator Warranty period 12 months l HP warrants to you the end user customer that HP hardware accessories and supplies will be free from defects in materials and workmanship after the date of purchase for the period specified above If HP receives notice of such defects during the warranty period HP will at its option either repair or replace products which prove to be defective Replacement products may be either new or like new HP warrants to you that HP software will not fail to execute its programming instructions after the date of purchase for the period specified above due to defects in material an
157. l custom aplets press CLEAR Extending aplets Reference information EEE REET NPE TSE eT UCNOMVRTETENCEETIGEUREMERIURBURREYTEEVINXUNEEIT TUETCPEPPCPHDNY PT een Regulatory information USA Connections to peripheral devices Canada Reference information This section contains information that shows how the HP 39G 40G graphing calculator complies with regulations in certain regions Any modifications to the calculator not expressly approved by Hewlett Packard could void the authority to operate the HP 39G 40G in these regions This calculator generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and may interfere with radio and television reception The calculator complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation In the unlikely event that there is interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the calculator off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Relocate the calculator with respect to the receiver To maintain compliance with FCC Rules and Regulations use only the cable accessories provided This Class B digita
158. ll through the categories To skip directly to a category press the first letter of the category s name Note You do not need to press first The list of functions on the right applies to the currently highlighted category on the left Use and 4 to switch between the category list and the function list Highlight the name of the function you want and press BEIM This copies the function name and an initial parenthesis if appropriate to the edit line Calculus Loop e Stat Two Two variabl Complex e Matrices NET statistics numbers Polynomial S ymbolic Constant e Probability 2 eee H bolic tri a Real numbers Tri rigonometry Lists Using mathematical functions Math functions by category Following are definitions for all categories of functions except List Matrix and Statistics each of which appears in its own chapter Except for the keyboard operations which do not appear in the MATH menu all other functions are listed by their category in the MATH menu Syntax Each function s definition includes its syntax that is the exact order and spelling of a function s name its delimiters punctuation and its arguments Note that the syntax for a function does not require spaces Functions common to keyboard and menus Using mathematical functions These functions are common to the keyboard and menus SHiFT R SHIFT JARG SHIFT JAND SHIFT sur EEX SHIFT For a descrip
159. ll when you press ENTER ERa specifies that the cursor moves to the cell to the right of the current cell when you press ENTER specifies that the cursor stays in the current cell when you press ENTER When done press SHIFT MATRIX to see the Matrix catalog or press HOME to return to HOME The matrix entries are automatically stored 2 MATRIS CATALOG ZSSSEERIBGS Mi isi REAL HATRIA oKE PE 2Na RERL MATRIE MHZ 2H REAL MATRIX SKE M 141 REBL MATRIS KE Mo i1 REAL Mates OKE vl EMT INS fona e po DENN EDIT NEM END RECU A matrix is listed with two dimensions even if it is 3x1 A vector is listed with the number of elements such as 3 Matrices 12 3 To transmit a You can send matrices between calculators just as you can matrix send aplets programs lists and notes B 2 3 4 5 Align the HP 39G calculators infrared ports Open the Matrix catalogs on both calculators Highlight the matrix to send Press H8 on the receiving calculator Matrices can also be transmitted to or from a computer a cable and Connectivity Kit Working with matrices To edit a matrix In the Matrix catalog highlight the name of the matrix you want to edit and press dis Matrix edit keys The following table lists the matrix edit key operations pl Key Meaning Copies the highlighted element to the edit line
160. low Hugues MATH FUNCTIONS SERESS s CEILING L DEG RRD Sumbolic FLOOR Tests v FHRODT w MTH CONS S CRNELTS DE The P3arrow in the display means more items above t Press v or fA to scroll through the list If you press v or a you ll go all the way to the end or the beginning of the list Highlight the item you want to select then press EE or ENTER If there are two columns the left column shows general categories and the right column shows specific contents within a category Highlight a general category in the left column then highlight an item in the right column The list in the right column changes when a different category is highlighted Press Ei or when you have highlighted your selection To speed search a list with no edit line type the first letter of the word For example to find the Matrix category in MATH press the Alpha M key To go up a page you can press 4 To go down a page press SHIFT x Press for CANCEL or Biz E38 This cancels the current operation Getting started Input forms An input form shows several fields of information for you to examine and specify After highlighting the field to edit you can enter or edit a number or expression You can also select options from a list RES Some input forms include items to check Essi See below for an example of an input form SNNENSNSFUNCTIUM PLOT
161. lt settings SHIFTJSETUP PLOT HERR FUNCTION PLOT SETUP SARRI SHIFT CLEAR RRMG 6 5 YENG 3 1 2 2 STICK 1 TICK 1 RES Detail ENTER MINIMUM HORIZONTAL VALUE BOUT PAGE Ft 3 Plot the two functions ca a and hide the menu so that s you can see all the circle PLOT mE Loc Les 4 Resetthe numeric setup to the default settings SENTIS re ERE FUNCTION NUMERIC SETUP SERIES SHIFT CLEAR MuMstART 5 MUMSTEP i NUMTYPE Automatic NUMZzoOM 4 ENTER STARTING VALUE FOR TAELE EDIT Po pee BLOT RP ed 5 Display the functions in numeric form 2 20 Aplets and their views Function aplet About the Function aplet The Function aplet enables you to explore up to 10 real valued rectangular functions y in terms of x For example y 2x43 Once you have defined a function you can bd create graphs to find roots intercepts slope signed area and extrema create tables to evaluate functions at particular values This chapter demonstrates the basic tools of the Function aplet by stepping you through an example See Aplet views on page 2 1 for further information about the functionality of the symbolic Numeric and Plot views Getting started with the Function aplet The following example involves two functions a linear function y 1 x and a quadratic equation Open the Function aplet Function aplet y I 243 523 Open the Function
162. ly to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you might also have other rights that vary from country to country state to state or province to province TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW THE REMEDIES IN THIS WARRANTY STATEMENT ARE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES EXCEPT AS INDICATED ABOVE IN NO EVENT WILL HP OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR LOSS OF DATA OR FOR DIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL INCLUDING LOST PROFIT OR DATA OR OTHER DAMAGE WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT TORT OR OTHERWISE Some countries States or provinces do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you R 3 CAS 8 FOR CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND THE WARRANTY TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS STATEMENT EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT LAWFULLY PERMITTED DO NOT EXCLUDE RESTRICT OR MODIFY AND ARE IN ADDITION TO THE MANDATORY STATUTORY RIGHTS APPLICABLE TO THE SALE OF THIS PRODUCT TO YOU The HP 40G is packaged with a computerized algebra system CAS Refer to the CAS User Manual for further information Resetting the HP 39G 40G If the calculator locks up and seems to be stuck you must reset it This is much like resetting a PC It cancels certain operations restores certain conditions and clears temporary memory locations However it does not clear stored data variables aplet databases programs unless you use the procedure
163. m type LIST gt Numindep Programming NumRow All Aplets except Statistics aplet NumStart Function Parametric Polar Sequence NumStep Function Parametric Polar Sequence NumType Function Parametric Polar Sequence NumZoom Function Parametric Polar Sequence Programming Defines the highlighted row in Numeric view In a program type n NumRow where n 0 Defines the starting value for a table in Numeric view From Num Setup enter a value for NUMSTART Or In a program type ne NumStart Defines the step size increment value for an independent variable in Numeric view From Num Setup enter a value for NUMSTEP or In a program type n NumStep where n 0 Choose a table format From Num Setup choose Automatic or Build Your Own Or In a program type O0 gt NumType for Build Your Own 1 gt NumType for Automatic default Defines the Zoom factor in the Numeric view From Num Setup type in a value for NUMZOOM OT In a program type ne NumZoom where n Q0 15 41 StatMode Toggles between variable and 2 variable statistics in the Statistics Statistics aplet Does not appear in the Plot Setup input form Corresponds to the EERE and HLH menu keys in Numeric View In a program store the constant name or its number into the variable StatMode 1VAR 1 2VAR 2 Example 1VAR gt StatMode or 1 StatMode Note variables The following aplet variable
164. mark StatPlot Tracing XCross Ycross Ktack Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom SSrrib S4fit S5rrit NumFont NumRow StatMode Q3 PSDev SSDev PVarX SVarX Tota LX AXA LXY 2x zT PageNum i Reference information Menu maps of the MATH menu Math functions The math functions are Reference information Category Calculus Complex Constant Hyperb List Loop Matrix TAYLOR ARG CONJ ACOSH ASINH A ANH COSH SINH CONCAT ALIST MAKELIST nmLIST POS ITERATE RECURSE 2 COLNORM COND CROSS DET DOT EIGENVAL EIGENVV IDENMAT INVERSE IM RE MAXREAL MINREAL T TANH ALOG EXP EXPMI LNP1 REVERSE SIZE LLIST SORT QR RANK ROWNORM RREF SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL TRACE TRN M aita a a e S a S REA a a a a a MM mm LLLA MALA i Category Polynom Prob Real Stat Two Symbolic Tests RL aoo POLYCOEF POLYEVAL COMB PERM RANDOM CEILING DEG RAD FLOOR FNROOT FRAC HMS HMS INT MANT MAX PREDX PREDY ISOLATE LINEAR A A xz gt 2 POLYFORM POLYROOT UTPC UTPE UTPN UPPE MIN QO Jg oe se tia CHANGE oe J Q rj gt r RAD DEG ROUND SIGN TRUNCATE XPON QUAD QUOTE AND LETE NOT XOR Reference information Program constants The program constants are E EE
165. mates if held down Opens the edit line to type a text label Displays the menu key labels for drawing DEL Deletes the current sketch SHIFT CLEAR Erases the entire sketch set Toggles menu key labels on and off If menu key labels are hidden or any menu key redisplays the menu key labels To draw a line l In an aplet press SHIFT SKETCH for the Sketch view 2 In Sketch view press ETE and move the cursor to where you want to start the line Press BLE This turns on line drawing 4 Move the cursor in any direction to the end point of the line by pressing the a v gt a keys to finish the line Notes and sketches 14 3 d In Sketch view press HAIS and move the cursor to where you want any corner of the box to be To draw a box 2 Press EE This turns on box drawing 3 Move the cursor to mark the opposite corner for the box You can adjust the size of the box by moving the cursor 4 Press to finish the box To draw a circle 1 In Sketch view press and move the cursor to where you want the center of the circle to be 2 Press HAAS This turns on circle drawing 3 Move the cursor the distance of the radius 4 Press to draw the circle DRAW keys Key Meaning Dot on Turns pixels on as the cursor moves Dot off Turns pixels off as the cursor moves LINE Draws a line from the cursor s starting position to the cursor s current position Pr
166. mathematical functions The hyperbolic trigonometry functions can also take complex numbers as arguments Inverse hyperbolic cosine cosh x ACOSH value Inverse hyperbolic sine sinh x ASINH value Inverse hyperbolic tangent tanh x ATANH value Hyperbolic cosine COSH value Hyperbolic sine SINH value Hyperbolic tangent TANH value 10 9 ALOG Antilogarithm exponential This is more accurate than 10 x due to limitations of the power function ALOG value EXP Natural exponential This is more accurate than e due to limitations of the power function EXP value EXPM1 Exponent minus 1 amp 1 This is more accurate than EXP when x is close to zero EXPM1 value LNP1 Natural log plus 1 In x 1 This is more accurate than the natural logarithm function when x is close to zero LNP1 value List functions These functions work on list data See List functions on page 13 7 pp ttt a a a a a tt tA t 10 10 Using mathematical functions Loop functions ITERATE RECURSE The loop functions display a result after evaluating an expression a given number of times Repeatedly for times evaluates an expression in terms of variable The value for variable is updated each time starting with initialvalue ITERATE expression variable initialvalue times Example ITERATE X X 2 3 returns 256 Provides a method of defining a sequence without using the Symbolic view of the Sequ
167. mation You will see one of the following three messages Press H to clear the message m Message Condition Zero UNDE MESES Sign Reversal Extremum The Solve aplet found a point where the value of the equation or the root of the expression is zero within the calculator s 12 digit accuracy Solve found two points where the value of the equation has opposite signs but it cannot find a point in between where the value is zero This might be because either the two points are neighbours they differ by one in the twelfth digit or the equation is not real valued between the two points Solve returns the point where the value is closer to zero If the value of the equation is a continuous real function this point is Solve s best approximation of an actual root Solve found a point where the value of the equation approximates a local minimum for positive values or maximum for negative values This point may or may not be a root Or Solve stopped searching at 9 99999999999E499 the largest number the calculator can represent pg ERU MN p a a E eaaa 7 6 Solve aplet HINT The Root Finder at work If Solve could not find a solution you will see one of the following two messages Message Condition Bad Guess es i The initial guess lies outside the domain of the equation Therefore the solution was not
168. ming GROB GROBNOT GROBOR GROBXOR MAKEGROB PLOT5 Example PLOT Programming Creates a graphic from expression using font size and stores the resulting graphic in graphicname Font sizes are 1 2 or 3 If the fontsize argument is 0 the HP 39G 40G creates a graphic display like that created by the SHOW operation GROB graphicname expression fontsize Replaces graphic in graphicname with bitwise inverted graphic GROBNOT graphicname Using the logical OR superimposes graphicname2 onto graphicnamel The upper left corner of graphicname2 is placed at position GROBOR graphicnamel position graphicname2 Using the logical XOR superimposes graphicname2 onto graphicnamel The upper left corner of graphicname2 is placed at position GROBXOR graphicnamel position graphicname2 Creates graphic with given width height and hexadecimal data and stores it in graphicname MAKEGROB graphicname width height hexdata Stores the Plot view display as a graphic in graphicname PLOT graphicname PLOT and DISPLAY can be used to transfer a copy of the current PLOT view into the sketch view of the aplet for later use and editing 1 PageNum PLOT oPage FREEZE This program stores the current PLOT view to the first page in the sketch view of the current aplet and then displays the sketch as a graphic object until any key is pressed Puts graph from graphicname into the Plot view display
169. mn can be CO C9 SETDEPEND datasetname column Defines datasetname independent column Datasetname can be S1 S2 or S5 and column can be CO C9 SETINDEP datasetname column 15 29 Storing and retrieving variables in programs The HP 39G 40G has both Home variables and Aplet variables Home variables are used for real numbers complex numbers graphics lists and matrices Home variables keep the same values in HOME and in aplets Aplet variables are those whose values depend on the current aplet The aplet variables are used in programming to emulate the definitions and settings you make when working with aplets interactively You use the Variable menu VARS to retrieve either Home variables or aplet variables See The VARS menu on page 11 4 Not all variables are available in every aplet S1fit S5fit for example are only available in the Statistics aplet Under each variable name is a list of the aplets where the variable can be used Plot view variables Area Function Axes All Aplets Connect Function Parametric Polar Solve Statistics 15 30 The following aplet variables control the Plot view Contains the last value found by the Area function in Plot FCN menu Turns axes on or off From Plot Setup check or uncheck _ AXES OT In a program type 1 gt Axes to turn axes on default 0 Axes to turn axes off Draws lines between successively plotted points From Plot Se
170. mple HMS 8 5 returns 8 3 Integer part INT value Example INT 23 2 retums 23 Mantissa significant digits of value MANT value Example MANT 21 2E34 retums 2 12 Maximum The greater of two values MAX valuel value2 Example MAX 210 25 retums 210 Minimum The lesser of two values MIN valuel value2 Example MIN 210 295 returns 25 Using mathematical functions MOD 76 CHANGE TOTAL RADDEG ROUND Using mathematical functions Modulo The remainder of valuel value2 value MOD value2 Example 9 MOD 4 returns 1 x percent of y that is x 100 y Yo x y Example 20 20 50 returns 10 Percent change from x to y that is 100 y x x Jo CHANGE x y Example YoCHANGE 20 50 returns 150 Percent total 100 y x What percentage of x is y o TOTAL x y Example TOTAL 20 50 returns 250 Radians to degrees Converts value from radians to degrees RAD DEG value Example RAD DEG 7 returns 180 Rounds value to decimal places Accepts complex numbers ROUND value places Round can also round to a number of significant digits as showed in example 2 Examples ROUND 7 8676 2 retums 7 68 ROUND 0 0036757 3 returns 0 00368 10 17 SIGN Sign of value If positive the result is 1 If negative 1 If zero result is zero For a complex number this is the unit vector in the direction of the number SIGN value SIGN x y Examples SIGN 2 returns
171. n ordered pair x y where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part For example entering 1 returns 0 1 Enter the number in either of these forms where x is the real part y is the imaginary part and is the imaginary constant 4 1 x y oF e x y To enter i e press SHIFT ALPHA I or e press MATH a or keys to select Constant gt to move to the right column of the menu v to select i and Bia Getting started 1 27 Storing complex numbers There are 10 variables available for storing complex numbers ZO to Z9 To store a complex number in a variable Enter the complex number press 84 enter the variable to store the number in and press ENTER 04050 BER ALPHA JZ 0 Catalogs and editors The HP 39G 40G has several catalogs and editors You use them to create and manipulate objects They access features and stored values numbers or text or other items that are independent of aplets e A catalog lists items which you can delete or transmit for example an aplet e An editor lets you create or modify items and numbers for example a note or a matrix Catalog Editor Contents Aplet library Aplets APLET Sketch editor Sketches and diagrams See SHIFT SKETCH Chapter 14 Notes and sketches 1 28 List SHiFT LIST Lists In HOME lists are enclosed in See Chapter 13 Lists Matrix One and two dimensional
172. n nearest the cursor If no root is found but only an extremum then the result is labeled EXTR instead of ROOT The root finder is also used in the Solve aplet See also Interpreting results on page 7 6 The cursor is moved to the root value on the x axis and the resulting x value is saved in a variable named ROOT Select Extremum to find the maximum or minimum of the current function nearest the cursor This displays the coordinate values and moves the cursor to the extremum The resulting value 1s saved in a variable named EXTREMUM Extremum Slope Select S10pe to find the numeric derivative at the current position of the cursor The result is saved in a variable named SLOPE Function aplet 3 9 Function Signed area Description Continued Select Signed area to find the numeric integral If there are two or more expressions checkmarked then you will be asked to choose the second expression from a list that includes the x axis Select a starting point then move the cursor to selection ending point The result is saved in a variable named AREA Intersection Select Intersection to find the intersection of two graphs nearest the cursor You need to have at least two selected expressions in Symbolic view Displays the coordinate values and moves the cursor to the intersection Uses Solve function The resulting x value is saved in a variable named
173. n number for J MAKEMAT expression rows columns Example MAKEMAT 0 3 3 returns a 3x3 zero matrix 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TT MM MH en Matrices 12 11 QR RANK ROWNORM RREF SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL QR Factorization Factors an mxn matrix into three matrices mxm orthogonal mxn uppertrapezoidal nxn permutation j QR matrix Rank of a rectangular matrix RANK natrix Row Norm Finds the maximum value over all rows for the sums of the absolute values of all elements in a row ROWNORM niaatrix Reduced Row Echelon Form Changes a rectangular matrix to its reduced row echelon form RREF matrix Schur Decomposition Factors a square matrix into two matrices If matrix is real then the result 1s forthogonal upper quasi triangular If matrix is complex then the result is unitary upper triangular SCHUR matrix Dimensions of matrix Returned as a list rows columns SIZE matrix Spectral Norm of matrix SPECNORM matrix Spectral Radius of a square matrix SPECRAD matrix Singular Value Decomposition Factors an m x n matrix into two matrices and a vector Lm x m square orthogonal n x n square orthogonal real SVD natrix Singular Values Returns a vector containing the singular values of matrix SVL natrix oOo O a a aaa A tt NE AA rt 12 12 Matrices TRACE TRN Examples Identity M
174. n the Program catalogs on both calculators Highlight the program to send then press on the sending calculator and on the receiving calculator You can also send programs to and receive programs from a remote storage device aplet disk drive or computer This takes place via a cable connection and requires an aplet disk drive or specialized software running on a PC such as a connectivity kit You can delete any program except Editline 1 Press SHIFT PROGRM to open the Program catalog 2 Highlight a program to delete then press DEL 15 8 Programming Delete all You can delete all programs at once programs l In the Program catalog press SHIFT CLEAR 2 Press BH Delete the You can clear the contents of a program without deleting the contents of a program name program 1 Press SHiFT PROGRM to open the Program catalog 2 Highlight a program then press EAH 3 Press SHIFT CLEAR then press HE 4 The contents of the program are deleted but the program name remains About customizing an aplet You can configure an aplet and develop a set of programs to work with the aplet Use the SETVIEWS command to create a custom VIEWS menu which links specially written programs to the new aplet A useful method for customizing an aplet is illustrated below l Decide on the aplet type that you want to use for example the Function aplet or the Statistics aplet The copied aplet inherits all the properti
175. n the Statistics aplet You can store a statistics column to a list or vice versa and use any of the list functions on the statistics columns or the statistics functions on the list variables Create a list in 1 Open the List catalog the List SHIFT LIST Catalog 2 Highlight the list name La Siz L3 you want to use L1 etc 4 Size 8 and press 33188 to display LS Size 8 the List editor EGIT Lists 13 1 List catalog keys 3 Enter the values you want in the list pressing ENTER after each one Values can be real or complex numbers or an expression If you enter a calculation it 1s evaluated and the result is inserted in the list 4 When done press sSHIFT L ST to see the List catalog or press to return to HOME The list catalog keys are DEL SHIFT CLEAR v or Opens the highlighted list for editing Transmits the highlighted list to another HP 39G 40G or a PC See Sending and receiving aplets on page 16 5 for further information Receives a list from another HP 39G 40G or a PC See Sending and receiving aplets on page 16 5 for further information Clears the highlighted list Moves to the end or the beginning of the catalog Clears all lists Lists List edit keys When you press edit to create or change a list the following keys are available to you Key Meaning Copies the highlighte
176. name as the title and prompts for a value for name name can only be one character in length PROMPT name Halts program execution for the specified number of seconds WAIT seconds Programming Stat One and Stat Two commands The following commands are used for analysis of one variable and two variable statistical data Stat One commands DO1VSTATS SETFREQ SETSAMPLE Calculates STATS using datasetname and stores the results in the corresponding variables NX TotZ Meant PVarX 5 Var Z PSDev SSDev Min Q1 Median Q3 and MaxX Datasetname can be H1 H2 or H5 Datasetname must define at least two data points DOLVSTATS datasetname Defines datasetname frequency according to column or value Datasetname can be H1 H2 or H5 column can be C0 C9 and value can be any positive integer SETFREO datasetname column OF SETFREQ definition value Defines datasetname sample according to column Datasetname can be H1 H5 and column can be CO C9 SETSAMPLE datasetname column Stat Two commands DO2VSTATS SETDEPEND SETINDEP Programming Calculates STATS using datasetname and stores the results in corresponding variables MeanX XX XX2 MeanY XY XY2 XXY Corr PCov SCov and RELERR Datasetname can be SI S2 or SS Datasetname must define at least four pairs of data points DO2VSTATS datasetname Defines datasetname dependent column Datasetname can be S1 52 or S5 and colu
177. nect 15 30 Grid 15 31 in menu map R 10 Indep 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 Ycross 15 36 parentheses to close arguments 1 20 to specify order of operation 1 20 pause 15 28 permutations 10 13 pictures attaching in Sketch view 14 3 plot analyzing statistical data in 8 20 auto scale 2 14 box and whisker 8 16 cobweb 6 2 comparing 2 5 connected points 8 16 8 18 decimal scaling 2 14 defining the independent variable 15 35 drawing axes 2 6 expressions 3 3 goto function 1 29 grid points 2 6 in Solve aplet 7 8 index values 2 6 integer scaling 2 14 one variable statistics 8 18 overlay plot 2 14 overlaying 2 16 4 3 scaling 2 14 scatter 8 15 8 16 sequence 2 6 setting up 2 5 3 2 split screen view 2 15 splitting 2 15 splitting into plot and close up 2 14 splitting into plot and table 2 14 stairsteps 6 2 statistical data 8 15 statistics parameters 8 18 t values 2 5 tickmarks 2 6 to capture current display 15 20 tracing 2 8 trigonometric scaling 2 14 plotting resolution and tracing 2 8 plot view variables Area 15 30 Connect 15 30 FastRes 15 31 Function 15 30 Grid 15 31 Hmin Hmax 15 31 Hwidth 15 32 Isect 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 RNG 15 34 Root 15 33 SImark S5mark 15 33 StatPlot 15 34 Tracing 15 32 Ustep 15 34 NNNM x ntt22 X Ait nnn 8 Index polar variables Axes 15 30 Connect 15 30 Grid 15 31 in menu map R 11 Indep 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 Ycr
178. nend 10 1 Ine MA CH mO na A A n E AEN 10 1 Math functions by category cccccccscsccseccescececessccessccessecesssuecenseceeees 10 3 Keyboard Minchin eie oni Io ot bti tert eae treni deis ert 10 4 C alcus FONCIONS RATE NR REI ER RR PR 10 7 Complex number TUDCHONnS aoi reci hibet vespa te ma rc Ped 10 8 Cons A PHI 10 9 Hyperbolic triconome iy eis cececeusateicecteiide da leseaweasaneiace 10 9 ruby EN 10 10 ISOC DP LUNCHONS oco beni Gtiitetbm t mae a 10 11 Mati fne HDHS uoi e RAO Intt REN 10 11 Polynomial Functions eode riens a deer buts 10 12 FrODSDIH PUDCEHOTS S Lo pedro piece cct a fimi io 10 13 Feabnurdber TOUCBODS 9 EL od vate ores eei ets Bak 10 15 pIatisdes DWOLG icu divi eim a M er epe CAE LUI 10 18 DYIBBOLC TUNG HONS auci od odia au teu ise d Museu Sende cce 10 19 Test TUDCLIODS ooo oh stat a es Seta gpieeui tia boen m MEI LL I DU M IDEE 10 20 Trigonometry TUN CHONG dasesecust obti iet in tutitviiiuni n 10 21 DY MDOlIiC CalCulaviOns o3 dde ab en abe taedicves idet 10 22 uade cio Es 10 23 Onna 0 Contents iii 11 Variables and memory management MEOCUC To ENTE o ae ean 11 1 Storme and recalling variable S sioe tede tei ha eee E Tha edad KLEA 11 2 The VARS MER ansienaue sup tius ito ie sias edite tenet esu ipu aids dtso pet attend 11 4 Memory MaAaBel isset a RS Ine ich e kac e Dv FUR M Ehe d e o eee bi aot eo ca pud 11 9 12 Matrices Introductioli ses ec toiten a
179. note MYNOTE LU cs MYNOTE4 a CE cANE Note In this example the name of the note is MYNOTE gg tt ht tt tt Att 14 6 Notes and skeiches 4 Write your note See Note edit keys on page 14 2 for more information on the entry and editing of notes 5 When you are finished THIS IS MY TEST j sBRCE faz mI EKSP press HOME or an aplet key to exit Notepad Your work is automatically saved Notepad Catalog keys Meaning Opens the selected note for editing Begins a new note and asks for a name Transmits the selected note to another HP 39G 40G or PC Receives a note being transmitted from another HP 39G 40G or PC DEL Deletes the selected note SHIFT CLEAR Deletes all notes in the catalog Bentl ce M Notes and sketches 14 7 To import a note 14 8 You can import a note from the Notepad into an aplet s Note view and vice versa Suppose you want to copy a note named Assignments from the Notepad into the Function Note view I Inthe Function aplet display the Note view SHIFT NOTE Press EER highlight Notepad in the left hand list then highlight the name Assignments in the right hand list ho 3 Press ERNS EES to copy the contents of Assignments to the Function Note view Note To recall the name instead of the contents press sS instead of WISH Suppose you want to copy th
180. nt aplet For example Uncheck 3 would uncheck F3 if the current aplet is Function UNCHECK n Branch commands IF THEN END Programming Branch commands et a program make a decision based on the result of one or more tests Unlike the other programming commands the branch commands work in logical groups Therefore the commands are described together rather than each independently Executes a sequence of commands in the true clause only if the test clause evaluates to true Its syntax is IF fest clause THEN frue clause END Example I gt A IF ACT THEN MSGBOX A EQUALS 1 END 15 17 IF THEN Executes the true clause sequence of commands if the test ELSE END clause is true or the false clause sequence of commands if the test clause is false IF test clause THEN true clause ELSE false clause END Example lA IF Az 1 THEN MSGBOX A EQUALS 1 ELSE MSGBOX A IS NOT EQUAL TO 1 END CASE END Executes a series of test clause commands that execute the appropriate true clause sequence of commands Its syntax is CASE IF test clause THEN true clause END IF test clausey THEN true clause END IF test clause THEN true clause END END When CASE is executed test clause is evaluated If the test is true true clause is executed and execution skips to END If test clause if false execution proceeds to fest clause Execution with the CASE structure continues until a true clause
181. nto generated the X column automatically INS SORT TENS DEFR ee dee ee ERR NENNEN ee Se EI ct NN c ER 2 18 Aplets and their views Clear data Press SHIFT CLEAR E to erase the data from a table Build Your Own menu keys Key Meaning EDIT Puts the highlighted independent value X T 8 or N into the edit line Pressing replaces this variable with its current value Inserts a row of zero values at the position of the highlight Replace a zero by typing the number you want and pressing ENTER i i URE Sorts the independent variable values into ascending or descending order Press Eis and select the ascending or descending option from the menu and press MA En Toggles between two character sizes DEFN Displays the defining function expression for the highlighted column Deletes the highlighted row SHIFT CLEAR Clears all data from the table Aplets and their views 2 19 Example plotting a circle Plot the circle x y 9 First rearrange it to read y 9 x To plot both the positive and negative y values you need to define two equations as follows y dox and y R o 1 In the Function aplet specify the functions Select SEREREFUNCTIBN SVMEDLIC VEHI SERA TART eFl xo i8 R 25 Mice e D eE2 m C9 E 9 TO 0 ENTER FSRS SHIFT V 0 9 ETUDES BERN ERR EET EET 2 zd a 2 Resetthe graph setup to the defau
182. nto the plot and the data table See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 14 for futher information Plot Detail The VIEWS menu contains the Plot Detail view Select Plot Detail Ka Splits the screen into the plot and a close up See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 14 for further information Overlay Plot The VIEWS menu contains the Overlay Plot view Select Overlay Plot Bis Plots the current expression s without erasing any pre existing plot s See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 14 for further information Note view Press SHIFT NOTE to display the aplet s note view EE FUNCTION NOTE SERRE This note is transferred with SENSUS HSSIGNMENT Sm DUE 4 64 the aplet if it is sent to another calculator or to a PC A note view contains text to supplement an aplet BESHHIDBENESEESEHENRHITES See Notes and sketches on page 14 1 for further information Sketch view Press SHIFT SKETCH to display the aplet s sketch view 1 16 Getting started Displays pictures to EA supplement an aplet w fa Rz19 AND D 12 FIND THE VALUE OF 8 E AND C See Notes and sketches on page 14 1 for further information Aplet view configuration Plot Setup Numeric Setup Symbolic Setup To change views To save aplet configuration Getting started You use the SETUP keys SHIFT PLOT an
183. ogramName2 ViewNumber2 You can repeat as many Prompt ProgramName ViewNumber trios of arguments as you like Within each Prompt ProgramName ViewNumber trio you separate each item with a semi colon Prompt Prompt is the text that is displayed for the corresponding entry in the Views menu Enclose the prompt text in double quotes Associating programs with your aplet If Prompt consists of a single space then no entry appears in the view menu The program specified in the ProgramName item is associated with the aplet and transferred whenever the aplet is transmitted Typically you do this if you want to transfer the Setviews program with the aplet or you want to transfer a sub program that other menu programs use M A Programming 15 15 15 16 Auto run programs If the Prompt item is Start then the ProgramName program runs whenever you start the aplet This is useful for setting up a program to configure the aplet Users can select the Start item from the Views menu to reset the aplet if they change configurations You can also define a menu item called Reset which is autorun if the user chooses the RESET button in the APLET view ProgramName ProgramName is the name of the program that runs when the corresponding menu entry is selected All programs that are identified in the aplet s SETVIEWS command are transferred when the aplet is transmitted
184. oom 2 11 within Numeric view 2 18 X zoom 2 9 2 10 Y zoom 2 9 2 10 l 13 umque een HEN AFHI TE np n Hep ern ERE ERE Ho PE EBERT EET EP RE o d Service and Support Visit the Hewlett Packard calculators Service and Support web site at http www hp com calculators or call one of the following numbers Argentina 54 1778 8380 Australia 61 3 8877 8000 Brazil 55 O 11 829 6612 Canada 1 970 392 1001 Chile 800 360999 Mexico 52 01 800 472 6684 Singapore 1800 271 3337 South Africa 27 11 652 8222 Turkey 420 5 4142 25 19 UK 44 0 171 458 0161 USA 1 970 392 1001 Venezuela 800 47 777 Australian Calculator Operation 351 Burwood Highway Forest Hill 3131 Victoria Australia Printed in China ert LA mackara Algebraic Graphing Calculator For Students Studying Math and Science The easy to use calculator for Features math students inferential statistics The HP 39G is a powerful high end graphing calculator Graphic symbolic numeric views made easy to use for math teachers and students Interactive history of calculations The HP 39G has a large graphic display that Lets 10 matrices their size limited only by available memory you see more of your work It has easy to read keys and Program storage limited only by available memory menus that are grouped for fast access With all Notes and sketches this and over 200 functions available at the touch of a HP Equation Solver button t
185. oom out on any f value in the table You are able to explore the table using EERE FAE build your own table and split screen functionality available in the Function aplet See Exploring the table of numbers on page 2 18 for further information Parametric aplet 4 3 Polar aplet Getting started with the polar aplet Open the Polar 1 Open the Polar aplet aplet Select Polar PESEE ISCARE E ADLAR SYMBOLIC VIEH SASE R2 ao Like the Function aplet R3CB the Polar aplet opens in inn the Symbolic view EDIT Define the 2 Define the polar equation r 2xcos 0 2 cos 0 p q 2 sya 3f ENTER R ca ES RSCB v opecify plot 3 Specify the plot settings In this example we will use the setting S default settings except for the 9RNG fields SETUP PLOT SHIFT CLEAR gt 4 GH x Oe HRNG me 3 5 29 YRNG 3 1 3 2 EMTER STEP SIZE ERU Plot the 4 Plot the expression expression PLOT orn PEPPER Polar aplet 5 1 Explore the 2 graph Display the 6 numbers Display the Plot view menu key labels HEHU The Plot view options available are the same as those found in the Function aplet See Exploring the graph on page 2 7 for further information Display the table of values 9 for and R1 NUM The Numeric view options available are the same as those found in the Function aplet See Exploring the table of ue RE ae
186. oot value 1s displayed at the bottom of the screen ROUT 1 585786493763 Find the intersection of the two functions HEBRHECH v H3 Slope Extremum ee e D ooo 7 c Pes ee ee ee Choose the linear function whose intersection with the quadratic function you wish to find a SSS USING FBOD AND ae Mad Sma The coordinates of the intersection point are displayed at the bottom of the screen Note If there is more I SEC LB aaa than one intersection as in our example the coordinates of the intersection point closest to the current cursor position are displayed Function aplet To find the slope of the quadratic function To find the signed area of the two functions Function aplet I5 14 16 17 Find the slope of the quadratic function at the intersection point Selec t Su dE is The slope value is displayed at the bottom of the screen To find the area between the two functions in the range 2 lt x lt 1 first move the cursor to Fl x 1 x and select the signed area option EI ET a Sa 0 4 d Eo 4 CALO Sa ee ee dE e A ECC Press Ws to accept using F2 x x 3 2 as the other boundary for the integral Choose the end value for The cursor jumps to x 2 on the linear function To find the extremum of the quadratic
187. or f there can be both a positive and a negative solution However we are concerned only with positive solutions since only positive distance makes sense 1 Select the Solve aplet and enter the equation Select Solvet ALPHAJX B RSEN SOLVE SYMBOLIC VIEH RR ALPHA V ALPHA F ARAR EAEE ALPHA JA Es S ALPHAJT x3 3 2 ES Uk emt icik SHOH EVAL 2 Find the solution for T time when X230 V 2 and A 4 Enter the values for X V and A then highlight the independent variable T Ese SOLVE MUMERIC VIEH Ree T E 3B 30 ENTER PE 2 ENTER T fi 4 ENTER eit ENTER VALUE OR PRESS SOLVE v v to highlight T EDT INFO DEFN SOLVE 7 8 Solve aplet Solve aplet 3 Use the Plot view to find an initial guess for 7 First set appropriate X and Y ranges in the Plot Setup Since we have an equation X Vx Tc AX r 2 the plot will produce two gr aphs one for Y X and one for Y VxT AXT 2 Since we have set X 30 in this example one of the graphs will be Y 30 Therefore make the YRNG 5 to 35 Keep the XRNG default of 6 5 to 6 5 SHIFT SEPUP PLOT SSS SOLVE PLOT SETUP Ses v 2 5 ENTER ee 6 5 35 ENTER NTICE TICK 1 BE Detail ENTER HORIZONTAL TICK SPACING Pees PAGE UH cc Plot the graph Move the cursor near the positive right side intersection This cursor value will be an initial guess for T to move cursor to t
188. ose who give up Trig Explorer aplet The Trig Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of the graph of y asin bx c d as the values of a b c and d change both by manipulating the equation and seeing the change in the graph or by manipulating the graph and seeing the change in the equation When the user presses E38 15 in the Haa view the screen shown right is displayed In this mode the graph controls the equation Pressing the a v and gt keys transforms the graph with these transformations reflected in the equation The button labelled HRH is a toggle between BHE and xdi When Blab is chosen the point of control is at the origin 0 0 and the v and gt keys control vertical and horizontal transformations When iiir is chosen the point of control is on the first extremum of the graph i e for the sine graph at 1 2 1 The arrow keys change the amplitude and frequency of the graph This is most easily seen by experimenting Pressing displays the equation at the top of the screen The equation is controls the graph Pressing the and 4 keys moves from parameter to parameter Pressing the a or vj key changes the parameter s values The default angle setting for this aplet is radians The angle setting can be changed to degrees by pressing Miisa Getting started Aplet library To open an aplet Aplet view
189. oss 15 36 polynomial coefficients 10 12 evaluation 10 12 form 10 12 roots 10 12 Taylor 10 7 polynomial functions POLYCOEF 10 12 POLYEV AL 10 12 POLYFORM 10 12 POLYROOT 10 12 position argument 15 20 power x raised to y 10 6 precedence 1 20 predicted values statistical 8 21 print contents of display 15 25 name and contents of variable 15 25 object in history 15 25 variables 15 25 probability functions 10 13 COMB 10 13 permutations 10 13 RANDOM 10 13 UTPC 10 14 UTPF 10 14 UTPN 10 14 UTPT 10 14 program commands 15 5 copying 15 8 creating 15 4 debugging 15 7 deleting 15 8 delimiters 15 1 editing 15 5 naming 15 4 pausing 15 28 printing 15 25 running 15 7 sending and receiving 15 8 stopping 15 7 structured 15 1 prompt commands beep 15 25 create choose box 15 25 create input form 15 27 display item 15 26 display message box 15 28 halt program execution 15 28 insert line breaks 15 28 prevent screen display being updated 15 27 set date and time 15 26 store keycode 15 27 Q O lt AEdQavAt dovt tta pocoten 2 5 Orng 2 5 quadratic extremum 3 6 fit 8 12 function 3 4 quitting views 1 17 quotes in program names 15 4 R random numbers 10 14 real number maximum 10 9 minimum 10 9 real part 10 8 real number functions 10 15 10 17 CHANGE 10 17 TOTAL 10 17 CEILING 10 15 DEGtoRAD 10 15 FNROOT 10 15 HMSto 10 16 INT 10 16 MANT 10 16 MAX 10 16 MIN 10 16 MOD 10 17 RADtoDEG 10 17 ROUND 10 17 SIGN 1
190. ounded to a number of decimal places Example 123 456789 becomes 123 46 in Fixed 2 format Scientific Displays results with an exponent one digit to the left of the decimal point and the specified number of decimal places Example 123 456789 becomes 1 23E2 in Scientific 2 format Engineering Displays result with an exponent that is a multiple of 3 and the specified number of significant digits beyond the first one Example 123 456E7 becomes 1 23E9 in Engineering 2 format Fraction Displays results as fractions based on the specified number of decimal places Examples 123 456789 becomes 123 in Fraction 2 format and 333 becomes 1 3 and 0 142857 becomes 1 7 See Using fractions on page 1 24 12456 98 Dot mode or as 12456 98 Comma mode Dot mode uses commas to separate elements in lists and matrices and to separate function arguments Comma mode uses periods dot as separators in these contexts l Dot or Comma Displays a number as Getting started Setting a mode This example demonstrates how to change the angle measure from the default mode radians to degrees for the current aplet The procedure is the same for changing number format and decimal mark modes l HINT Press SHIFT MODES to open the HOME MODES input form The cursor highlight is in the first field Angle Measure ANGLE MEASURE E in NUMEER FORMAT Fract
191. p or Cobweb types XTICK Horizontal spacing for tickmarks NT TICK Vertical spacing for tickmarks Those items with space for a checkmark are settings you can turn on or off Press Etis to display the second page Field Meaning SIMULT If more than one relation is being plotted plots them simultaneously otherwise sequentially INV CROSS Cursor crosshairs invert the status of the pixels they cover CONNECT Connect the plotted points The Sequence aplet always connects them LABELS Label the axes with XRNG and YRNG values AXES Draw the axes GRID Draw grid points using XTICK and YTICK spacing l NN E E E E EE Reset plot To reset the default values for all plot settings press setting S SHIFT CLEAR in the Plot Setup view To reset the default value for a field highlight the field and press DEL R8 S Aplets and their views Exploring the graph Plot view gives you a selection of keys and menu keys to explore a graph further The options vary from aplet to aplet PLOT view keys Aplets and their views The following table details the keys that you use to work with the graph A ey CLEAR Moves cursor between relations Interrupts plotting Continues plotting if interrupted Turns menu key labels on and off When the labels are off pressing REM turns them back on Pressing GEIST once displays the full row of lab
192. page R 12 Solve E0 to EO Symbolic view See Solve aplet variables on page R 13 Statistics CO to C9 Numeric view See Statistics aplet variables on page R 14 To access an 1 Open the aplet that contains the variable you want to aplet variable recall 2 Press to display the VARS menu Use the arrow keys to select a variable category in the left column then press gt to access the variables in the right column 4 Use the arrow keys to select a variable in the right column 5 To copy the name of the variable onto the edit line press pr Me is the default setting 6 To copy the value of the variable into the edit line press H4814 and press Ymax HT ac c ee 11 8 Variables and memory management Memory Manager Example You can use the Memory Manager to determine the amount of available memory on the calculator You can also use Memory Manager to organize memory For example if the available memory is low you can use the Memory Manager to determine which aplets or variables consume large amounts of memory You can make deletions to free up memory Start the Memory Manager A list of variable categories is displayed SHIFTJMEMORY 2 MEMORY MANAGER ZEEEEETH ets SEKB seis Free memory is Programs 1KB 1X Hotes BEB lt 1 displayed in the topright Matrices AKB lt 1 corner and the body of Lists iKB lt 1 ERE
193. plet to explore name een Jesz e tees z Function Real valued rectangular functions ym Inference Confidence intervals and Hypothesis tests based on the Normal and Students t distributions Parametric Parametric relations x and y in terms of f terms of x Example y 2x 3x45 Example x cos f and y sin f Polar Polar functions r in terms of an angle 0 Example r 2cos 40 Sequence Sequence functions U in terms of n or in terms of previous terms in the same or another sequence such as U and U Example U 0 U 1 and U S EPE a U acd Solve Equations in one or more real valued variables Example x 1 x x 2 Statistics One variable x or two variable x and y statistical data In addition to these aplets which can be used in a variety of applications the HP 39G 40G is supplied with two teaching aplets Quad Explorer and Trig Explorer You cannot modify configuration settings for these aplets A great many more teaching aplets can be found at HP s web site and other web sites created by educators together with accompanying documentation often with student work sheets These can be downloaded free of charge and transferred to the HP 39G 40G using the separately supplied Connectivity Kit Getting started Quad Explorer aplet Getting started HINT The Quad Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of y a x h v as the values of a h and
194. pply the command again Typically you develop a program that uses the SETVIEWS command only The command contains a trio of arguments for each menu option to create or program to attach Keep the following points in mind when using this command e The SETVIEWS command deletes an aplet s standard Views menu options If you want to use any of the standard options on your reconfigured VIEWS menu you must include them in the configuration e When you invoke the SETVIEWS command the changes to an aplet s VIEWS menu remain with the aplet You need to invoke the command on the aplet again to change the VIEWS menu 15 14 Programming All the programs that are called from the VIEWS menu are transferred when the aplet is transferred for example to another calculator or to a PC As part of the VIEWS menu configuration you can specify programs that you want transferred with the aplet but are not called as menu options For example these can be sub programs that menu options use or the program that defines the aplet s VIEWS menu e You can include a Start option in the VIEWS menu to specify a program that you want to run automatically when the aplet starts This program typically sets up the aplet s initial configuration The Start option on the menu is also useful for resetting the aplet Command syntax The syntax for the command is as follows SETVIEWS Promptl ProgramNamel ViewNumberl Prompt2 Pr
195. r all other functions and constants The functions are grouped by category ranging in alphabetical order from Calculus to Trigonometry The arrow keys scroll through the list v 4 and move from the category list in the left column to the item list in the right column Press BES to insert the selected command onto the edit line Press 8 1 188 to dismiss the MATH menu without selecting a command Pressing GIES displays the list of Program Constants You can use these in programs that you develop Pressing iiil takes you to the beginning of the MATH menu See Math functions by category on page 10 3 for details of the math functions When using the MATH menu or any menu on the HP 39G 40G pressing an alpha key takes you straight to the first menu option beginning with that alpha character With this method you do not need to press first Just press the key that corresponds to the command s beginning alpha character Pressing SHIFT CMDS displays the list of Program Commands See Programming commands on page 15 14 If you press a key that does not operate in the current context a warning symbol like this appears There is no beep Menus To search a menu To cancel a menu 1 8 A menu offers you a choice of items Menus are displayed in one or two columns MP lot Det ail Auto Scale Decimal The L arrow in the display means more items be
196. r each data set definition and the second column indicates the constant frequency or the column that holds the frequencies The keys you can use from this window are Copies the column variable or variable expression to the edit line for editing Press Bii when done Checks unchecks the current data set Only the checkmarked data set s are computed and plotted Typing aid for the column variables or for the Fit expressions 8 Displays the current variable expression in standard mathematical form Press Biss when done Evaluates the variables in the highlighted column C1 etc expression Displays the menu for entering variable names or contents of variables Displays the menu for entering math operations Deletes the highlighted variable or the current character in the edit line Statistics aplet Statistics aplet Key Meaning Continued CLEAR Resets default specifications for the data sets or clears the edit line if it was active Note If SHIFT CLEAR is used the data sets will need to be selected again before re use To continue our example suppose that the heights of the rest of the students in the class are measured but each one is rounded to the nearest of the five values first recorded Instead of entering all the new data in C1 we shall simply add another column C2 that holds the frequencies of our five data points in CT 5 Move the highlight bar EERIE STA
197. result as the first expression in the edit line without pressing SHIFTJANS Pressing X or or other operators that require a preceding argument automatically enters ANS before the operator You can reuse any other expression or value in the HOME display by highlighting the expression using the arrow keys then pressing ias See Using previous results on page 1 21 for more details The variable ANS is different from the numbers in HOME s display history A value in ANS is stored internally with the full precision of the calculated result whereas the displayed numbers match the display mode HINT When you retrieve a number from ANS you obtain the result to its full precision When you retrieve a number from the HOME s display history you obtain exactly what was displayed Pressing evaluates or re evaluates the last input whereas pressing SHiFT ANS copies the last result as ANS into the edit line 1 22 Getting started Stor ing avalue You can save an answer in a variable and use the variable in in a variable later calculations There are 27 variables available for storing real values These are A to Z and 8 See Chapter 11 Variables and memory management for more information on variables For example l Perform a calculation 45 8 3 masons FUNC THOM SERES 3 Perform another calculation using the A variable 95 x 2 X ALPHA A Accessing the Pressing A enable
198. returns X 24 2 X 2 Polynomial roots Returns the roots for the nth order polynomial with the specified n 1 coefficients POLYROOT coefficients Example For x4422 25x7 26x 120 POLYROOT 1 2 25 26 120 returns 2 3 4 5 Using mathematical functions HINT The results of POLYROOT will often not be easily seen in HOME due to the number of decimal places especially if they are complex numbers It is better to store the results of POLYROOT to a matrix For example POLYROOT 1 0 0 8 BM1 will store the three complex cube roots of 8 to matrix M1 as a complex vector Then you can see them easily by going to the Matrix Catalog and access them individually in calculations by referring to M1 1 M1 2 etc Probability functions COMB PERM RANDOM Using mathematical functions Number of combinations without regard to order of n things taken r at a time n r n r COMB n r Example COMB 5 2 returns 10 That is there are ten different ways that five things can be combined two at a time Factorial of a positive integer For non integers T x 1 This calculates the gamma function value Number of permutations with regard to order of n things taken r at a time n n r PERM n r Example PERM 5 2 returns 20 That is there are 20 different permutations of five things taken two at a time Random number between zero and 1 Produced by a pseudo random number seq
199. rn recenter off Contains the last value found by the Root function in the Plot FCN menu Defines the mark to use for statistics 2 variable scatter plots From Plot Setup for two variable statistics S1mark S5mark then choose a mark Or In a program type n b Slmark where n is 1 2 3 5 Toggles type of sequence plot Stairstep or Cobweb From Plot Setup select SeqPlot then choose Stairstep or Cobweb Or In a program type 1 gt SeqPlot for stairstep 2 gt SeqPlot for cobweb 15 33 Simult Function Parametric Polar Sequence Slope Function StatPlot Statistics Umin Umax Polar Ustep Polar 15 34 Toggles between simultaneous and sequential graphing of all selected expressions From Plot Setup check or uncheck SIMULT Or In a program type 1 gt Simult for simultaneous graphing 0 gt Simult for sequential graphing Contains the last value found by the Slope function in the Plot FCN menu Toggles type of 1 variable statistics plot between Histogram or Box and Whisker From Plot Setup select Stat Plot then choose Histogram or BoxWhisker or In a program type 1 StatPlot for Histogram 2 StatPlot for Box Whisker Defines the minimum and maximum independent values Appears as the URNG field in the Plot Setup input form From the Plot Setup input form enter values for URNG or In a program type n Umin na gt Umax where noni Defines
200. s Symbolic view Plot view Numeric view Getting started Aplets are stored in the Aplet library Press to display the Aplet library menu Select the aplet and press From within an aplet you can return to HOME any time by pressing HOME When you have configured an aplet to define the relation or data that you want to explore you can display it in different views Here are illustrations of the three major aplet views Symbolic Plot and Numeric the six supporting aplet views from the VIEWS menu and the two user defined views Note and Sketch Press to display the aplet s Symbolic view You use this view to define the sgg r NcTIDN SvEBLIC VIEH ERE function s or equation s that Fics3 cRra32 2 WF oC eeClOSe x you want to explore Fata RE LTS a Ber erode ME Symbole CAT e O ETT EST view on page 2 1 for further i m information Press to display the aplet s Plot view In this view the functions that you have defined are displayed graphically See About the Plot view on eo Ne Fin 7 EET page 2 5 for further information er Press to display the aplet s Numeric view In this view the functions that you have defined are displayed in tabular format See About the numeric view on page 2 16 for further information Plot Table The VIEWS menu contains the Plot Table view view VIEWS Select Plot Table BB Splits the screen i
201. s Symbolic view on page 10 24 for an example Using mathematica functions Finding derivatives The HP 39G 40G can perform symbolic differentiation on some functions There are two ways of using the HP 39G A0G to find derivatives e You can perform differentiations in HOME by using the formal variables S1 to S5 e You can perform differentiations of functions of X in the Function aplet To find To find the derivative of the function in HOME use a formal derivatives in variable in place of X If you use X the differentiation HOME function substitutes the value that X holds and returns a numeric result For example consider the function 2 dx sin x 2cos x 1 Enter the differentiation function onto the command line substituting S1 in place of X d dx Si SIN ALPH D GJ 20 S ALPHA SI D DJ 2 Evaluate the function sl Z gt JES ES ES ENTER OSiCSINesSita 2eCoscsi COSSI tae CeeSiat ze Sl ERR Bees EO 3 Show the result cos si asi 2 s1M sS1 lcaslsi lesi 2siursi HP 39G HP 40G Using mathematical functions 10 23 To find To find the derivative of the function in the Function aplet s derivatives in the Symbolic view you define two functions and define the Function aplet s second function as a derivative of the first function For Symbolic view example to differentiate sin x 2cosx l Access the Function aplet s Symboli
202. s in Comma mode such as CROSS matrixl matrix2 The basic starting point of the calculator Go to HOME to do calculations For aplet management to start save reset send and receive aplets A set of values separated by commas periods if the Decimal Mark is Comma and enclosed in braces Lists are commonly used to enter statistical data and to evaluate a function with multiple values Created and manipulated by the List editor and catalog A two dimensional array of values separated by commas periods if the Decimal Mark is Comma and enclosed in nested brackets Created and manipulated by the Matrix catalog and editor Vectors are also handled by the Matrix catalog and editor Reference information menu menu keys note program sketch variable vector views Operating details A choice of options given in the display It can appear as a list or as a set of menu key labels across the bottom of the display The top row of keys Their operations depend on the current context The labels along the bottom of the display show the current meanings Text that you write in the Notepad or in the Note view for a specific aplet A reusable set of instructions that you record using the Program editor A drawing that you make in the Sketch view for a specific aplet The name of a number list matrix note or graphic that is stored in memory Use E3EJd to store and use VARS to retrieve A one dimens
203. s t distribution Based on the statistics from one or two samples you can test hypotheses and find confidence intervals for the following quantities mean proportion difference between two means difference between two proportions When you first access an input form for an Inference test by default the input form contains example data This example data is designed to return meaningful results that relate to the test It is useful for gaining an understanding of what the test does and for demonstrating the test The calculator s on line help provides a description of what the example data represents 9 1 Getting started with the Inference aplet Open the Inference aplet This example describes the Inference aplet s options and functionality by stepping you through an example using the example data for the Z Test on 1 mean l Open the Inference aplet Select Inferential START METHOD jo ba se EB ERE ERE TYPE Z Tezt i p ALT HYPOTH p lt E The Inference aplet opens Cheese ah anFerentzal Bathed in the Symbolic view ae Inference aplet s SYMB view keys 9 2 The table below summarizes the options available in Symbolic view Hypothesis Tests Confidence Intervals Z int 1 u the confidence Z 1 u the Z Test on 1 mean interval for 1 mean based on the Normal distribution Z nt H4 H2 the confidence interval for the difference of two means based on
204. s tests You use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses that relate to the statistical parameters of one or two populations The tests are based on statistics of samples of the populations The HP 39G 40G hypothesis tests use the Normal Z distribution or Student s t distribution to calculate probabilities One Sample Z Test Menu name Inputs Inference aplet Z Test l u On the basis of statistics from a single sample the 1 mean Z Test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the population mean equals a specified value Ho U LUp You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis HU lt Up H iU gt po H U puo The inputs are Field name Definition X Sample mean n Sample size Ho Hypothetical population mean o Population standard deviation a Significance level 9 9 Results The results are S D Result _ Description Test Z Z test statistic Prob Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Boundary values of Z associated Boundary values of x required by the value that you supplied i with the c level that you supplied Two Sample Z Test Menu name inputs 9 10 Z Test u1 u2 On the basis of two samples each from a separate population this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypot
205. s the highlight bar in the display history di splay history While the highlight bar is active the following menu and keyboard keys are very useful Scrolls through the display history Copies the highlighted expression to the position of the cursor in the edit line Displays the current expression in standard mathematical form Deletes the highlighted expression from the display history unless there is a cursor in the edit line Clears all lines of display history and the CLEAR edit line Getting started 1 23 Clearing the display history It s a good habit to clear the display history SHiFT CLEAR whenever you have finished working in HOME It saves calculator memory to clear the display history Remember that all your previous inputs and results are saved until you clear them Using fractions To work with fractions in HOME you set the number format to Fractions as follows setting Fraction mode 1 24 l In HOME open the HOME MODES input form SHIFT MODES NUMBER FORMAT St andar d DECIMAL MARK Dot CHOOSE ANGLE MEASURE Pee SITES ee ee ee eee Select Number Format and press ELERE to display the options then select Fraction ETT pee smm Ed CHO Ex v pes Standard MUM Fixed DECI Scientific no Press iis to select the option then select the precision value AN M NUMBER FORMAT Fraction DECIMAL MARK Bott 3 ENTER DECIMAL PLACES TO
206. sults The results are Result Description MEN Critical Z Critical value for Zo An Min Lower bound for the difference between the proportions of successes n Max Upper bound for the difference between the proportions of successes i E E Inference aplet 9 19 One Sample T Interval Menu name T INT lu This option uses the Student s t distribution to calculate a confidence interval for u the true mean of a population for the case in which the true population standard deviation is unknown Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition pus Sample mean Sx Sample standard deviation n Sample size C Confidence level ta ae er Tod Results The results are Result Description Critical T Critical value for T u Min Lower bound for u u Max Upper bound for u 9 20 Inference aplet Two Sample T Interval Menu name Inputs Results Inference aplet T INT ul u2 This option uses the Student s t distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations U U2 when the population standard deviations O and 65 are unknown The inputs are Field name Definition l B l Sam weREEdL o i x2 sample 2 mean sl Sample 1 standard deviation s2 Sample 2 standard deviation nl Sample size n2 Sample 2 size C Confidence level Pooled Whether or not to pool the samples
207. t the mode Number format to fraction SHIFT MODES v VM MS SUUM fa nes Select ANGLE MEASURE Radians t NUMBER FORMAT Fract iorn Fraction DECIMAL MARK Dott 3 ENTER 4 HE ENTER DECIMAL PLACES TO USE 2 Return to HOME and enter the calculation 3 x 02 J3 4D J 005 7 1800 3 Evaluate the calculation To convert a decimal value to a fraction l Set the number mode to Fraction 2 Either retrieve the value from the History or enter the value on the command line 3 Press ENTER to convert the number to a fraction Getting started Converting a number to a fraction When converting a number to a fraction keep the following points in mind e When converting a recurring decimal to a fraction set the fraction precision to about 6 and ensure that you include more than six decimal places in the recurring decimal that you enter In this example the fraction precision is set to 6 The top calculation 6666 returns the correct result The bottom one does not gsprsmmmm mEEH Ee eee 3333 3008 e To convert an exact decimal to a fraction set the fraction precision to at least two more than the number of decimal places in the decimal In this example the fraction precision is set to 6 Complex numbers Complex results To enter complex numbers The HP 39G 40G can return a complex number as a result for some math functions A complex number appears as a
208. table settings press SHIFT CLEAR Aplets and their views Exploring the table of numbers NUM view menu keys Zoom within a table ZOOM options Aplets and their views The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the table of numbers i Displays ZOOM menu list Toggles between two character sizes DEEH Displays the defining function expression for the highlighted column mt beds 1 a4 Zooming redraws the table of numbers in greater or lesser detail The following table lists the zoom options Option Meaning ee In Decreases the intervals for the independent variable so a narrower range is shown Uses the NUMZOOM factor in Numeric Setup Out Increases the intervals for the independent variable so that a wider range is shown Uses the NUMZOOM factor in Numeric Setup Decimal Changes intervals for the independent variable to 0 1 units Starts at zero Shortcut to changing NUMSTART and NUMSTEP Integer Changes intervals for the independent variable to unit Starts at zero Shortcut to changing NUMSTEP TELO Changes intervals for independent variable to 1 24 radian or 7 5 degrees or 8 4 grads Starts at zero Un zoom Returns the display to the previous ZOOM 2 17 The display on the right is a Zoom In of the display on the left The ZOOM factor is 4 a 0998394 ELE 194
209. tery compartment door from the rear of the calculator by pressing down on the dimple and pushing the door off 3 Replace the batteries within 2 minutes to avoid memory loss Position the fresh batteries according to the diagram inside the battery compartment This regulation applies only to The Netherlands Batteries are delivered with this product When empty do not throw them away but collect as small chemical waste Bij dit produkt zijn batterijen geleverd Wanneer deze leeg zijn moet u ze niet weggoolen maar inlevern als KCA Menu maps of the VARS menu Home variables R 8 The home variables are Available name f Complex Z1 29 20 tN aon MM MM DE Reference information Category Available name Continued Graphic Library List Matrix Modes G1 G9 GO Function Parametric Polar sequence Solve Statistics User named b1459 L0 M1 M9 MO i Ans Date HAngle HDigits HFormat lerr Time User named Editline User named Function aplet variables The function aplet variables are Reference information Category Plot Available name Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grad Indep invCross Labels Recenter Simult Tracing XCross YCrOSS Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Plot FCN Area Extremum lsect Symbolic Angle Fi F2 F3 F4 PS Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont
210. the arrow keys or press the alpha key of the first letter in the category to select a variable category For example to select the Matrix category press Note In this instance there is no need to press the ALPHA key Move the highlight to the variables column c Use the arrow keys to select the variable that you want For example to select the M2 variable press v vj piesa baer SPT MPN ETRE HS EE x HOME WARS SS Variables and memory management 5 Choose whether to place the variable name or the variable value on the command line Press WHH to indicate that you want the variable s contents to appear on the command line Press EES to indicate that you want the variable s name to appear on the command line 6 Press BES to place the value or name on the command line The selected object appears on the command line Note The VARS menu can also be used to enter the names or values of variables into programs Example This example demonstrates how to use the VARS menu to add the contents of two list variables and to store the result in another list variable 1 Display the List catalog SHIFT LIST to EE Li 2 Enter the data for L1 88 Bis 90 Ha 89 Hg 65 Ma 70 Ris Jl J CTh TS 4 BERIT INS Poe Pee eee pee 3 Return to the List Catalog to create L2 SHIFT LIST v to select L2 Variables and memory management OE
211. the step size for an independent variable From the Plot Setup input form enter values for USTEP Or In a program type ne Ustep where n 0 Programming Tmin Tmax Parametric Tracing All Aplets Tstep Parametric Xcross All Aplets Ycross All Aplets Programming Defines the minimum and maximum independent variable values Appears as the TRNG field in the Plot Setup input form From Plot Setup enter values for TRNG or In a program type n Tmin hn b Tmax where Ny gt Ny Turns tracing mode on or off in Plot view In a program type 1 Tracing to turn Tracing mode on default 0 gt Tracing to turn Tracing mode off Defines the step size for an independent variable From the Plot Setup input form enter values for TSTEP OT In a program type nb Tstep where n O0 Defines the horizontal coordinate of crosshairs Only works with TRACE off In a program type ne XCYOSS Defines the vertical coordinate of crosshairs Only works with TRACE off In a program type nh Ycross 15 35 Xtick All Aplets Ytick All Aplets Xmin Xmax All Aplets Ymin Ymax All Aplets Defines the distance between tick marks for the horizontal axis From the Plot Setup input form enter a value for Xtick Or In a program type ne Xtick where n 0 Defines the distance between tick marks for the vertical axis From the Plot Setup input form enter a value for Yt ick
212. tical axis so pixel 0 1 unit Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets Un zoom Returns the display to the previous zoom or if there has been only one zoom un zoom displays the graph with the original plot settings MATIASEN The following screens show the effects of zooming options on a plot of 3sinx Plot of 3sinx E LEAGUE 0 Zoom In z HENU In wu F3Gir 0 Un zoom Un zoom Press A to move to the bottom of the Zoom list Zoom Out Out Now un zoom TRACHI Es FCN DEFN Aplets and their views Aplets and their views X Zoom In re X Zoom In Now un zoom X Zoom Out Now un zoom Y Zoom In Now un zoom Y Zoom Out Zoom Square Jal Square eae X Zoom Out SEA To box zoom To set zoom factors The Box Zoom option lets you draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of one diagonal of the zoom rectangle pu um cs e If necessary press HH to turn on the menu key labels Press REGS and select W Position the cursor on one corner of the rectangle Press TEA Use the cursor keys v etc to drag to the opposite corner T m SELECT SECOND CORMER GOT Press is to zoom in on the boxed area In the Plot view press talziil Press PERE Select Set Factors and press HE Enter the zoom factors There is one zoom fa
213. ting a set of 14 5 erasing a line 15 20 labeling 14 5 opening view 14 3 sets 14 5 storing in graphics variable 14 5 slope interactive 3 9 soft key labels 1 2 solve error messages 7 7 initial guesses 7 5 interpreting intermediate guesses 7 7 interpreting results 7 6 plotting to find guesses 7 8 setting number format 7 5 solve variables Axes 15 30 Connect 15 30 FastRes 15 31 Grid 15 31 in menu map R 13 Indep 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 Ycross 15 36 sorting 16 6 aplets in alphabetic order 16 6 aplets in chronological order 16 6 elements in a list 13 9 spectral norm 12 12 spectral radius 12 12 square root 10 5 stack history printing 15 25 stairsteps graph 6 2 standard number format 1 10 statistics analysis 8 1 analyzing plots 8 20 angle mode 8 10 calculate one variable 15 29 calculate two variable 15 29 computing 2VAR 8 11 data set variables 15 39 data structure 15 39 define one variable sample 15 29 define two variable data set s depen dent column 15 29 define two variable data set s inde pendent column 15 29 defining a fit 8 11 defining a regression model 8 11 deleting data 8 10 editing data 8 10 frequency 15 29 inserting data 8 11 plot type 8 18 plotting data 8 15 predicted values 8 21 regression curve fit models 8 11 saving data 8 10 sorting data 8 11 specifying angle setting 8 10 toggling between one variable and two variable 8 11 tracing plots 8 20 troubleshooting with plots 8 19 zooming in plo
214. tion see r on page 10 9 For a description see ARG on page 10 8 For a description see 8 on page 10 7 For a description see AND on page 10 21 bell Red For a description see on page 10 13 For a description see X on page 10 11 For a description see Scientific notation powers of 10 on page 1 19 For a description see J on page 10 7 The multiplicative inverse function finds the inverse of a square matrix and the multiplicative inverse of a real or complex number Also works on a list containing only these object types Keyboard functions CU b U SHIFF e SHIFT 10 SIN COS FAN 10 4 The most frequently used functions are available directly from the keyboard Many of the keyboard functions also accept complex numbers as arguments Add Subtract Multiply Divide Also accepts complex numbers lists and matrices valuel value2 etc Natural exponential Also accepts complex numbers e value Example e b5retums 148 413159103 Natural logarithm Also accepts complex numbers LN value Example LN 1 returns 0 Exponential antilogarithm Also accepts complex numbers 10 value Example 10 3 returns 1000 Common logarithm Also accepts complex numbers LOG value Example LOG 100 returns 2 Sine cosine tangent Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Degrees Radians or Grads SIN value CO
215. tions that you select using the menu keys at the top of the keypad are represented as follows e Input form fields and choose list items are represented as follows Function Polar Parametric e Your entries as they appear on the command line or within input forms are represented as follows 2 x2 3X45 M M M M M i Preface P 1 Notice This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as is and are subject to change without notice Except to the extent prohibited by law Hewlett Packard Company makes no express or implied warranty of any kind with regard to this manual and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantaiblity and fitness for a particular purpose and Hewlett Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual and the examples herein O Hewlett Packard Company 2000 all rights reserved The programs that control your HP 39G 40G are copyrighted and all rights are reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation of those programs without prior written permission of Hewlett Packard is prohibited i M P 2 Preface Getting started On off cancel operations To turn on To cancel To turn off HOME Getting started Press to turn on the calculator When the calculator is on the key cancels the c
216. tle The name of the current aplet is displayed at the top of the HOME view RAD GRD DEG specify whether Radians Grads or Degrees angle mode is set for HOME The v and A symbols indicate whether there is more history in the HOME display Press the and A to scroll in the HOME display NOTE The HP 40G is packaged with a computerized algebra system CAS Press to access the computerized algebra system This User s Guide contains images from the HP39G and do not display the menu key label 1 2 Getting started Annunciators Annunciators are symbols that appear above the title bar and give you important status information Description Annunciator The keyboard Menu keys Menu key labels Menu keys QC O O C3 C3 SETUP 00M SYMB i PLOT NUM Zs Aplet control uM QC keys wore amer vews CHARS CMOS Ex CLEAR VARS MATH da xT DEL E d E e D aq A sn cos ran in eg mF n Faua C am gt f Zaira EEA E To a QD M p M C jp d Te a EN alpha MATRIX I A Alpha key uera 4 5jle B PROGRM T synrax U m K Ww Shift key ilb 2 a OFF NOTED y AND Z aw FACE ON 0 enter 8 Getting started shift in effect for next keystroke To cancel press SHIFT again Alpha in effect for next keystroke To cancel press ALPHA again Low battery power Busy Data is being transferred via infrared or cable
217. trix Cross Product of vector with vector2 CROSS vectorl vector2 Determinant of a square matrix DET matrix Dot Product of two arrays matrix matrix2 DOT matrix matrix2 igen fA LE A A 12 10 Matrices EIGENVAL EIGENVV IDENMAT INVERSE LQ LSQ LU MAKEMAT Displays the eigenvalues in vector form for matrix EIGENVAL matrix Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues for a square matrix Displays a list of two arrays The first contains the eigenvectors and the second contains the eigenvalues EIGENV V matrix Identity matrix Creates a square matrix of dimension size X size whose diagonal elements are 1 and off diagonal elements are zero IDENMAT size Inverts a square matrix real or complex INVERSE matrix LQ Factorization Factors an m x n matrix into three matrices Lm x n lowertrapezoidal n x n orthogonal m x m permutation LQ natrix Least Squares Displays the minimum norm least squares matrix or vector LSQGnatrixl matrix2 LU Decomposition Factors a square matrix into three matrices owertriangular uppertriangular permutation The uppertriangular has ones on its diagonal LU matrix Make Matrix Creates a matrix of dimension rows x columns using expression to calculate each element If expression contains the variables I and J then the calculation for each element substitutes the current row number for I and the current colum
218. ts on page 16 5 Receives a matrix from another HP 39G 40G or a disk drive See Sending and receiving aplets o page 16 5 B mu cc poppe cp ADR ERRARE RO DEL Clears the highlighted matrix CLEAR Clears all matrices v or Moves to the end or the Mund of A the catalog 12 2 Matrices To create a matrix in the matrix catalog ie Press SHIFT MATRIX to open the Matrix catalog The Matrix catalog lists the 10 available matrix variables MO to M9 Highlight the matrix variable name you want to use and press LESI Select the type of matrix to create For a vector one dimensional array select Real vector or Complex vector Certain operations CROSS do not recognize a one dimensional matrix as a vector so this selection is important Fora matrix two dimensional array select Real matrix or Complex matrix For each element in the matrix type a number or an expression and press ENTER The expression may not contain symbolic variable names For complex numbers enter each number in complex form that is a b where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part You must include the parentheses and the comma Use the cursor keys to move to a different row or column You can change the direction of the highlight bar by pressing EE The EM menu key toggles between the following three options Ef sl specifies that the cursor moves to the cell below the current ce
219. ts 8 20 statistics variables Axes 15 30 Connect 15 30 Grid 15 31 Hmin Hmax 15 31 Hwidth 15 32 in menu map R 14 Indep 15 32 Labels 15 33 Recenter 15 33 SlImark S5mark 15 33 Ycross 15 36 step size of independent variable 15 35 storing list elements 13 1 13 4 13 5 13 7 matrix elements 12 3 12 5 results of calculation 11 3 value 11 2 strings literal in symbolic operations 10 20 structured programming 15 1 subtract 10 4 summation function 10 11 symbolic calculations in Function aplet 10 22 defining expressions 2 1 differentiation 10 23 M M MM MM M MMM M i Index I 11 displaying definitions 3 8 evaluating variables in view 2 3 setup view for statistics 8 10 symbolic functions where 10 20 equals 10 19 ISOLATE 10 19 LINEAR 10 19 QUAD 10 19 QUOTE 10 20 Symbolic view defining expressions 3 2 syntax 10 3 syntax errors 15 7 T table navigate around 3 7 numeric values 3 7 numeric view setup 2 17 tangent 10 4 inverse hyperbolic 10 9 Taylor polynomial 10 7 tickmarks for plotting 2 6 time 10 16 setting 15 26 time converting 10 16 times sign 1 19 tmax 15 35 tmin 15 35 too few arguments R 20 tracing functions 2 8 more than one curve 2 8 not matching plot 2 8 plots 2 8 transmitting lists 13 6 matrices 12 4 programs 15 8 transposing a matrix 12 13 trigonometric functions 10 21 scaling 2 11 2 14 2 16 trigonometry cosine 10 9 trigonometry functions ACOT 10 21 ACSC 1
220. tup check or uncheck _ CONNECT or In a program type 1 gt Connect to connect plotted points default except in Statistics where the default is off 0 Connect not to connect plotted points Programming Coord Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics Extremum Function FastRes Function Solve Grid All Aplets Hmin Hmax Statistics Turns the coordinate display mode in Plot view on or off From Plot view use the Menu mean key to toggle coordinate display on an off In a program type 1 gt Coord to turn coordinate display on default 0 gt Coord to turn coordinate display off Contains the last value found by the Extremum operation in the Plot FCN menu Toggles resolution between plotting in every other column faster or plotting in every column more detail From Plot Setup choose Faster or More Detail or In a program type 1 FastRes for faster default 0 gt FastRes for more detail Turns the background grid in Plot view on or off From Plot setup check or uncheck GRID or In a program type 1 gt Grid to turn the grid on O Grid to turn the grid off default Defines minimum and maximum values for histogram bars From Plot Setup for one variable statistics set values for HRNG or In a program type n Hmin n gt Hmax where n gt N remanent TTT O diiis a iiaa Aia AAS aaisa Programming 15 31 Hwidth Statisti
221. uence The algorithm used in the RANDOM function uses a seed number to begin its sequence To ensure that two calculators must produce different results for the RANDOM function use the RANDSEED function to seed different starting values before using RANDOM to produce the numbers RANDOM 10 13 UTPC UTPF UTPN UTPT 10 14 HINT The setting of Time will be different for each calculator so using RANDSEED Time is guaranteed to produce a set of numbers which are as close to random as possible You can set the seed using the command RANDSEED Upper Tail Chi Squared Probability given degrees of freedom evaluated at value Returns the probability that a x random variable is greater than value UTPC degrees value Upper Tail Snedecor s F Probability given numerator degrees of freedom and denominator degrees of freedom of the F distribution evaluated at va ue Returns the probability that a Snedecor s F random variable is greater than value UTPF numerator denominator value Upper Tail Normal Probability given mean and variance evaluated at value Returns the probability that a normal random variable is greater than value for a normal distribution Note The variance is the square of the standard deviation UTPN mean variance value Upper Tail Student s t Probability given degrees of freedom evaluated at value Returns the probability that the Student s t random variable is greater than value UTPT degrees
222. ues displayed in the Plot view status line are the PREDY values On the HP 38G the Trace function would select known data points only To complement the Statistics aplet a new Inference aplet has been added Use this aplet to perform hypothesis tests and determine confidence intervals See About the Inference aplet on page 9 1 for more information The teaching aplets Trig Explorer and Quadratic Explorer have been added to the calculator These two aplets add powerfully to the capabilities of the calculator in the classroom 1 29 Aplets and their views Aplet views This section examines the options and functionality of the three main views for the Function Polar Parametric and Sequence aplets Symbolic Plot and Numeric views About the Symbolic view The Symbolic view is the defining view for the Function Parametric Polar and Sequence aplets The other views are derived from the symbolic expression You can create up to 10 different definitions for each Function Parametric Polar and Sequence aplet You can graph any of the relations in the same aplet simultaneously by selecting them Defining an expression Symbolic view Aplets and their views Choose the aplet from the Aplet Library APLET l n RE APLET LIBRARY SRENSEEEDIS Press A or v to select nr erence an aplet Parametric p Palar ETHET Seque The Function x Parametric Polar and Sequence aplets start in the Symbolic view If
223. urrent operation Press SHIFT OFF to turn the calculator off To save power the calculator turns itself off after several minutes of inactivity All stored and displayed information is saved If you see the 9 annunciator or the Low Bat message then the calculator needs fresh batteries HOME is the calculator s home view and is common to all aplets If you want to perform calculations or you want to quit the current activity such as an aplet a program or an editor press HOME All mathematical functions are available in the HOME The name of the current aplet is displayed in the title of the home view 1 14 The display To adjust the Simultaneously press and or to increase or contrast decrease the contrast To clear the e Press CANCEL to clear the edit line display e Press SHIFT CLEAR to clear the edit line and the display history Parts of the display x3 History Te Edit line J783 LL o LT ERE eu Ney Menu key or soft key labels The labels for the menu keys current meanings EAE is the label for the first menu key in this picture Press EWI means to press the first menu key that is the leftmost top row key on the calculator keyboard Edit line The line of current entry History The HOME display HOME shows up to four lines of history the most recent input and output Older lines scroll off the top of the display but are retained in memory Ti
224. ve aplet to solve an equation for any one of its variables When the Solve aplet is started it opens in the Solve symbolic view e n Symbolic view you specify the expression or equation to solve You can define up to ten equations or expressions named EO to E9 Each equation can contain up to 27 real variables named A to Z and 0 e In Numeric view you specify the values of the known variables highlight the variable that you want to solve for and press EETEES You can solve the equation as many times as you want using new values for the knowns and highlighting a different unknown Note It is not possible to solve for more than one variable at once Simultaneous linear equations for example should be solved using matrices or graphs in the Function aplet Solve aplet 73 Getting started with the Solve aplet Suppose you want to find the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16 67 m sec 60 kph to 27 78 m sec 100 kph in a distance of 100 m Open the Solve aplet The equation to solve is 2 V l 75 2ad Open the Solve aplet APLET Select Solve I n The Solve aplet starts in Eis MN OEKE the Symbolic view MYFUNC 62K H SAVE RESET SORT SEND RECY Define the 2 Define the equation equation v cc E ALPHA U X ant TVEDUPEDSBRD 3 AG ij ALPHA D Pepi icuk snd EVAL Note You can use the B menu key to assist in the
225. viation nl Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size Oo Significance level Pooled Check this option to pool samples based on their standard deviations Results The results are Description Test T T Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the T Test Statistic Critical T Boundary values of T associated with the level that you supplied Inference aplet 9 15 Confidence intervals The confidence interval calculations that the HP 39G 40G can perform are based on the Normal Z distribution or Student s t distribution One Sample Z Interval Menu name Z INT 1 u This option uses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for u the true mean of a population when the true population standard deviation o is known Inputs The inputs are Field name ENNE Definition Sample mean o Population standard deviation n Sample size C Confidence level Results The results are Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z u min Lower bound for LL u max Upper bound for u stent A A A SB TT 9 16 Inference aplet Two Sample Z Interval Menu name Z INT u u2 This option uses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations H to when the population standard deviations 0 and 65 are known Inputs The inputs are Field name
226. wlett Packard s Calculators web site can be found at www hp com calculators Extending aplets sending and receiving aplets A convenient way to distribute or share problems in class and to turn in homework is to transmit copy aplets directly from one HP 39G to another This takes place via the infrared port You can also send aplets to and receive aplets from a remote storage device aplet disk drive or computer This takes place via a cable connection and requires an aplet disk drive or special software running on a PC such as the PC Connectivity Kit Note The HP 40G does not have an IR port A PC adapter and unit to unit cable is supplied instead To transmit an l Connect the storage device to the calculator by cable aplet or align the two calculators infrared ports by matching up the triangle marks on the rims of the calculators Place the calculators no more than 2 inches 5 cm apart 2 Sending calculator Open the Library highlight the aplet to send and press You have two options another HP 39G or a disk drive on a PC Highlight your selection and press BIS If transmitting to a disk drive you have the options of sending to the current default directory or to another directory 3 Receiving calculator Open the aplet library and press RECUS You have two options another HP 39G or a disk drive or computer Highlight your selection and press BA The Transmit annunciator 2 is displa
227. yed until transmission is complete If you are using the PC Connectivity Kit to download aplets from a PC you will see a list of aplets in the PC s current directory Check as many items as you would like to receive X U 9 Extending aplets 16 5 Sorting items in the aplet library menu list To sort the aplet list To delete an aplet 16 6 Once you have entered information into an aplet you have defined a new version of an aplet The information is automatically saved under the current aplet name such as Function To create additional aplets of the same type you must give the current aplet a new name The advantage of storing an aplet is to allow you to keep a copy of a working environment for later use The aplet library is where you go to manage your aplets Press APLET Highlight using the arrow keys the name of the aplet you want to act on In the aplet library press BETH Select the sorting scheme and press ENTER e Chronologically produces a chronological order based on the date an aplet was last used The last used aplet appears first and so on Alphabetically produces an alphabetical order by aplet name Y ou cannot delete a built in aplet You can only clear its data and reset its default settings To delete a customized aplet open the aplet library highlight the aplet to be deleted andess DEL To delete al

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