Honeywell 90B User's Manual
Contents
1. a Press the right EE The cursor will be over the first character in the waypoint identifier b Rotate the right inner knob to select the first character of the desired identifier c Turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to move the cursor to the second character and then use the right inner knob to select the second character d Use the right outer and inner knobs as in the previous two steps to complete the identifier Method 2 a Pull the right inner knob to the out position b Rotate the right inner knob in either direction to scan through the waypoint identifiers in alphabetical order The faster you rotate the knob the larger the change Numbers precede letters in the list c When the desired identifier is found press the right inner knob back to the in position If an airport page has been selected rotate the right inner knob to change the page to the desired airport page APT 1 APT 8 NOTE If an airport VOR or NDB waypoint identifier is not known there is a method described in the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide for entering a portion of the waypoint name and having the KLN 90B automatically retrieve the appropriate waypoint page In addition for airport waypoints a portion of the city name may be entered to retrieve the airport waypoint page See section 3 7 4 of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide Selecting Waypoints By Name And City 8 2 The Airport 1 Page APT 1 The Airport 1 page contains2. RDO radio RDR radar only frequency DIR director approach control radar AWOS automatic weather observing station ASOS automated surface observation system AAS aeronautical advisory service PCL pilot controlled lighting In addition to the standard VHF frequencies HF frequencies are shown at airports that utilize high frequency communications that fall in the 2000 kHz to 30 000 kHz frequency band These are typically used in remote areas of the world One way to tell HF frequencies is that they do not con tain a decimal point A display of 6547 would indicate a frequency of 6 547 kHz Airports which have numerous communication frequencies will have mul tiple Airport 4 pages indicated by APT 4 Part time operation such as for a control tower is indicated with an to the left of a frequency The frequencies associated with a CL B CLC TRSA CTA or TMA are VFR frequencies Airports which have one of these categories of frequen cies also have APR and DEP which are IFR frequencies Where required APR DEP CL B CL C TRSA CTA and TMA frequen cies are sectorized That is a frequency may be used only within a cer tain range of radials from a designated reference location The format for displaying the sectorization is to show the frequency first followed by the identifier of the associated reference point followed next by the associ ated altitude restrictions NOTE When an altitude restriction is shown o
3. COVERED IN THIS MANUAL 52 PREVIEW OF OPERATION To give you an idea of how easy the KLN 90B is to operate the following operational preview is presented This operational preview assumes the KLN 90B has been properly installed the unit was previously operational in the same general geographical location and that no peripheral equip ment interfaced with the KLN 90B such as external HSIs CDls autopi lots RMIs fuel flow systems moving map displays etc is to be used at this time If you are using this operational preview in flight do so only in good VFR conditions and only with an alternate means of navigation avail able to cross check position 1 Push the power brightness knob located in the upper right corner of the unit to the in position After a few seconds of warm up the screen will show a Turn On page with the words SELF TEST IN PROGRESS at the bottom of the page Rotate the power brightness knob to select the desired screen bright ness After a few seconds the Turn On page will automatically be replaced with the Self Test page Note If the KLN 90B is being used in the take home mode a Take Home Warning page is displayed before the Self Test page and must be acknowledged by pressing Hl The Self Test page is recognizable because it shows the date and time on the right side The bottom left side of the Self Test page must display ANNUN ON to indicate that the KLN 90B has passed an internal se
4. To waypoint 13 4 2 Direct To Procedure B e Select the desired waypoint type APT VOR NDB INT or SUP on the right page Select the desired waypoint identifier using the following method a Press the right EEE The cursor will be over the first character in the waypoint identifier b Rotate the right inner knob to select the first character of the desired identifier c Turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to move the cursor to the second character and then use the right inner knob to select the second character d Use the right outer and inner knobs as in the previous two steps to complete the identifier Press Hl The Direct To page is displayed on the left side and it con tains the desired waypoint identifier Press Hl to approve the waypoint page displayed on the right side The right side will display the NAV 1 page and the left side will return to the page which was displayed prior to pressing Hl unless the NAV 1 page was on the left side in which case the pages will revert to the state they were in prior to the direct to operation The selected waypoint is now the active Direct To waypoint 4 3 Direct To Procedure C Select the desired waypoint type APT VOR NDB INT or SUP on the right page Select the desired waypoint identifier using the following method a Pull the right inner knob to the out position Make sure the right cursor function is turned off b Rotate t
5. a waypoint page containing a latitude and longitude is displayed instead of the above text the identifier entered already exists in the user database Another identifier must be chosen 10 1 Creating A Waypoint At The Present Position The first method of creating a user defined waypoint is to define it at your present position the position shown on the NAV 2 page To create a waypoint in this manner Follow the steps just presented in section 10 0 to enter a waypoint identi fier e Turn the right outer knob clockwise to position the cursor over PRES POS and press Hl A SUP page will now be displayed with the way point identifier at the top of the page and the latitude and longitude of the waypoint at the bottom of the page The user defined waypoint is now created 10 2 Creating A Waypoint As A Radial And Distance From Another Waypoint The second method of creating a user defined waypoint is to define the waypoint s position in terms of a radial and distance from any other existing waypoint To create a waypoint in this manner Follow the steps presented in section 10 0 to enter a waypoint identifier Rotate the right outer knob to position the cursor over USER POS and press HM A user waypoint page will appear with the identifier at the top of the page and the cursor over a dashed latitude field e Turn the right outer knob counterclockwise to position the cursor over the dashes to the right of REF The next s
6. following information for Nondirectional bea cons NDBs e NDB identifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point The name of the NDB e The NBD frequency kHz The latitude and longitude of the NDB 31 8 12 The Intersection Page INT The Intersection pages contain low altitude high altitude approach and SID STAR intersections as well as outer markers and outer compass locators The following information is displayed for Intersection pages The intersection outer marker or outer compass locator name e The location of the intersection outer marker or outer compass locator expressed in terms of a radial and distance from a nearby VOR The KLN 90B chooses the closest VOR It takes a few seconds for the VOR ident radial and distance to be calculated and displayed The latitude and longitude of the intersection outer marker or outer compass locator In addition the user may enter the identifier of another nearby waypoint in the REF field and the page will compute and display the radial and dis tance from the nearby waypoint to the intersection This information is not stored with the Intersection page and is lost when leaving the page 8 13 The Supplemental Waypoint Page SUP Supplemental waypoints are user defined waypoints that have not been defined specifically as an airport VOR NDB or intersection The fol lowing information is displayed on a Supplemental waypoin
7. high altitude VORs are selected In addition VORs of undefined class will be displayed In some parts of the world VORs are not classified into one of the three standard classes therefore TLH must be selected to display these undefined class VORs LH Only low altitude and high altitude VORs will be displayed H Only high altitude VORs will be displayed OFF No VORs displayed In a like manner NDBs and or airports may be selected by first using the right outer Knob to move the cursor over the NDB or APT selection field and then using the right inner knob to select ON or OFF The map orientation can be changed by moving the cursor to the bottom line of the pop up menu and rotating the right inner knob The map orien 20 tation choices are the same as for the NAV 5 page North up desired track up actual track up or heading up if a proper source of heading is provided to the KLN 90B Remember that for actual track up graphics are displayed only when the aircraft is moving at a groundspeed greater than 2 knots When the desired selections have been made press the right Hl to remove the menu One last feature of the Super NAV 5 page is that you can scan through the waypoints of the active flight plan This is done by pulling on the right inner knob to place it in the out position This will create a window at the bottom right corner of the display that will initially contain the active waypoint in reverse video By
8. in the active flight plan are bypassed Of course the active flight plan will never be resumed if the Direct To opera tion is to a waypoint which is not in the active flight plan Any of the several methods previously described for initiating Direct To operation may be used although the following are the easiest for this application The first procedure takes advantage of rule number 1 described in section 4 0 Select the FPL O page on the left side Press the left Hl and then use the left outer knob to position the cursor over the desired waypoint Press WE The waypoint page for the selected waypoint in FPL 0 will be displayed on the right side Press Hl to approve the waypoint page The Direct To waypoint identi fier in the active flight plan will now be preceded by just an arrow The L symbol is not displayed since there is no from waypoint in the flight plan 45 The second method takes advantage of rule number 2 described in section 4 0 To use this method e Display the Super NAV 5 page by selecting NAV 5 on both sides of the display Pull out the right inner knob A window will appear in the bottom right hand corner that has the current active waypoint in reverse video Turn the right inner knob to scan through the waypoints of the active flight plan until the desired waypoint is displayed Press Hl The waypoint page for the selected waypoint from the Super NAV 5 page will be displayed o
9. map scale choices are the same as for the NAV 5 page except there is an additional choice AUTO that is located between the 1 nm scale factor and the 1000 nm scale factor The AUTO scale factor will automatically choose the smallest map scale that will dis play the active waypoint and if there is one the waypoint after the active waypoint Choosing the AUTO scale factor means there is one less item for you to worry about This is especially helpful when conducting non pre cision approaches using the KLN 90B Like the NAV 5 page the Super NAV 5 page shows a graphics depiction of the direct to waypoint or the waypoints making up the active flight plan But the Super NAV 5 page shows alphanumeric waypoint identifiers on the graphics display to make orientation even easier for you You may elect to have nearby VORs NDBs and or airports added to the graphics display To do so press the right Hl to display a pop up menu on the right side of the screen Notice from the menu that a circle with a dot in the center represents a VOR a smaller circle represents an NDB and asmall diamond represents an airport The VORs NDBs and air ports displayed are those from the nearest waypoint lists described in sec tion 9 0 NEAREST AIRPORTS VORS AND NDBS When the menu is first displayed the cursor will be on the VOR selection field Rotate the right inner knob to display one of the following TLH LH H or OFF TLH Terminal low altitude and
10. name and position of the airport just entered Confirm that the correct airport is displayed Press Hl a second time to approve the airport data 8 A Navigation page is now on the right side of the screen It displays the distance ETE and bearing to the destination airport In addition it dis plays groundspeed and a course deviation indicator If the left inner knob is rotated one step counterclockwise you will get an enlarged Navigation page occupying the entire screen This abbreviated operation manual describes many of the frequently used features of the KLN 90B in a condensed format for your convenience It does not replace the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide The KLN 90B has many very useful features which are not described in this manual Be sure to keep your KLN 90B Pilot s Guide with you in the aircraft to use as a reference IMPORTANT This abbreviated operation manual does not include any information on how to use the KLN 90B for flying approaches or SID STAR procedures Refer to the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide and the aircraft flight manual supplement for instructions on these procedures BENDIX KING KLN 90B TSO 1 0 TURN ON Push the Power Brightness knob located in the upper right corner of unit to the in position The unit is turned off by pulling this knob to the out position After a few seconds of warm up the screen will show a Turn On page with the words SELF TEST IN PROGRESS at the bottom Rotate
11. nm scale Only the longest runway designations are shown on the 2 nm scale CAUTION The NAV 5 and Super NAV 5 pages do not display weather terrain special use airspace or other data 21 6 0 MESSAGE PAGE Whenever the KLN 90B determines that there is a situation that reguires the pilot s attention the message prompt MSG begins flashing in inverse video at the bottom of the display just to the right of the mode of operation A remote message annunciator may also be installed in the aircraft instru ment panel The message should be viewed at the pilot s earliest oppor tunity because the unit may be alerting the pilot of some condition of immediate concern To view the message press Hl The Message page which takes the whole width of the display will appear and show the new message Appendix B of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide contains a listing of all of the Message page messages and their meanings It is possible that several messages are displayed at one time on the Message page The newest message appears first and the rest in reverse chronological order After reading the message press Hl again to return to the pages which were previously in view If all of the messages can not be displayed on one Message page repeated presses of El will show the other mes sages before returning to the pages which were previously being viewed Whenever a message condition exists which requires a specific action by the pilot the message prompt
12. numbers increases the volume 15 0 UPDATING THE DATABASE The database is housed in a cartridge which plugs directly into the back of the KLN 90B It is designed so that there are two ways for the user to keep the database current AlliedSignal General Aviation Avionics ASGAA makes these two types of update services available to you ina choice of several subscription or random update programs See the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide for details on these programs The first method of database update is to remove the old cartridge and insert a current cartridge This method involves returning the old cartridge to ASGAA This method is described in this section of the manual but more detailed instructions are presented in section 2 4 2 of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide Because of the wide range of shipping costs and import export regulations for different countries this method is available for use only in the United States The second is to electronically update the database by means of 3 5 diskettes supplied by ASGAA and a laptop computer This method does not involve removing the KLN 90B from the aircraft s instrument panel A data port usually mounted in the aircraft s instrument panel provides a 50 means of interfacing the KLN 90B with the computer via an interface cable The diskettes are not returned to ASGAA This method of update is for use anywhere in the world that diskettes may be shipped Directions for updating the database usin
13. the following information Airport identifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point Airport name If the airport underlies the outer boundary of a Class B airspace Class C airspace CTA Control Area used outside USA or TMA Terminal Area used outside USA the letters CL B CL C CTA or TMA respec tively will appear on the left side of this line Note that there is no alti tude information applied to this criteria In addition if the airport is a mili tary airport the letters MILTRY will appear The latitude and longitude of the airport reference point the official location of the airport 25 8 3 The Airport 2 Page APT 2 The Airport 2 page contains the following information Airport identifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point e The city where the airport is located e The state if the airport is located in the United States the Province if located in Canada or the country if located outside the United States and Canada A listing of the abbreviations used is contained in Appendix D of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide Airport elevation Time in relationship to UTC Zulu Z 5 for example indicates local standard time is five hours behind UTC time If the airport is located in an area which observes daylight savings time the information in paren theses shows the daylight savings time in relationship to UTC e Instru
14. turning the right inner knob it is possible to scan through the waypoints of the active flight plan Turning the knob clockwise will scan through the waypoints in ascending order until the end of the flight plan is reached Turning the knob counter clockwise will scan through the waypoints in descending order until the beginning of the flight plan is reached The waypoint displayed in the window will be the default waypoint when Hl is pressed The following operational hints will make using the Super NAV 5 more enjoyable e It is easy to clutter the display with so much data that it is unusable Select a range scale that allows an uncluttered presentation of the chosen VORs NDBs and airports Or deselect VORs or NDBs or air ports as required Experiment and continue to make new selections for different phases of your trip For example you may find that in the enroute part of the flight selecting high altitude VORs provide you with enough information while in the terminal area you select a smaller range scale and select more items Press W to instantly declutter the VOR NDB and airport selections from the graphics display Flight plan and direct to waypoints will still be displayed Press Hl again to restore the selections While taxing on the airport or flying in the traffic pattern select the 1 nm or 2 nm scale to display the airport runway diagram instead of the usual airport diamond symbol All runway designations are shown on the 1
15. will remain on but not flashing 7 0 SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE ALERT The KLN 90B database contains the location of areas of special use air space SUA The types of SUA areas stored in the database and the abbreviations used to denote these areas are the following Class B Airspace CLB Class C Airspace CLC Control Area used outside USA CTA Terminal Area used outside USA TMA Alert Area ALRT Caution Area CAUT Danger Area DNGR Military Operations Area MOA Prohibited Area PROH Restricted Area REST Training Area TRNG Warning Area WARN The KLN 90B will normally alert you prior to entering one of these areas with a message prompt When the Message page is viewed it will display AIRSPACE ALERT and will also display the name and type of the special 22 use airspace If the special use airspace is a Class B Class C CTA or TMA the message page will also instruct you to see the Airport 4 page airport communications for the primary airport so that the correct com munications frequency may be determined The SUA alert feature is three dimensional The SUA areas are stored in the KLN 90B database with regard to altitude when the actual SUA alti tude limitations are charted in terms of mean sea level MSL Therefore if you are flying either above or below an SUA area you won t be inconve nienced with nuisance alert messages However if the actual lower limit of a SUA is charted in terms of an altitude above ground level AGL then
16. BENDIK KING KLN 90B GPS Abbreviated Operation Manual Rev 1 ORS 20 77 KEN 90B GPS Abbreviated Operation Manual Rev 1 ORS 20 IMPORTANT Special installation procedures must be followed in order for the KLN 90B to be certified for IFR use Consult the KLN 90B Flight Manual Supplement for the operating limitations of this unit NOTE Refer to the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide 006 08773 0000 Rev 1 for Database update information PREVIEW OF OPERATION 1 1 0 TURNON oni natane Ka Ka FA Kee 3 2 0 BASIC OPERATION OF PANEL CONTROLS 6 2 1 Page Selection 6 2 2 Entering Waypoint Identifiers 8 2 3 The Duplicate Waypoint Page 9 3 0 INITIALIZATION AND TIME TO FIRST FIX 10 4 0 DIRECT TO NAVIGATION 12 4 1 Direct To Procedure A 13 4 2 Direct To ProcedureB 14 4 3 Direct To Procedure 14 4 4 To Recenter The D Bar 15 4 5 To Proceed Direct To Another Waypoint 15 4 6 Cancelling Direct To Operation 15 5 0 THE NAVIGATION PAGES 16 5 1 The Navigation 1 Page NAV 1 16 5 2 The Super NAV 1 Page 16 5 3 The Navigation 2 Page NAV 2 17 5 4 The Navigatio
17. In sections 12 0 and 13 0 you will learn to use flight plan operation where the NAV 5 page really becomes useful When navigating using flight plan operation the active flight plan FPL 0 waypoints are displayed using the number associated with the waypoint as it appears on the FPL 0 page Thus the position of the third waypoint in FPL 0 is indicated by a 3 on the NAV 5 page Lines connect the flight plan waypoints An arrow points to the active waypoint and shows the current flight plan leg When operating Direct To a waypoint which is not in the active flight plan the Direct To waypoint is indicated on the NAV 5 page by an To select the desired NAV 5 orientation press the appropriate Hl left EEE if NAV 5 page is on left side and right Hl if NAV 5 is on the right The cursor will be over the map range scale Turn the appropriate outer knob one step counterclockwise to position the cursor over the map orientation field Rotate the appropriate inner knob to display Nt for North up DTKt for desired track up TKt for actual track up or HDGt for heading up The heading up selection is not presented as a choice if heading is not provided to the KLN 90B If the cursor is moved to the map range scale using the outer knob or if the cursor is turned off with the Hl button then the DTKt TKt or HDGt annunciation is replaced with the actual value If a heading input is available to the KLN 90B then heading up is usually the best map orientation
18. KLN 90B it always wakes up in the Enroute Leg mode Only the Enroute Leg mode is described in this manual In this mode the KLN 90B performs great circle navigation the shortest distance between two points located on the earth s surface The course deviation output displayed on the unit s internal course deviation indicator CDI and provided to an external HSI or CDI is five nautical miles left and right full scale sensitivity The OBS mode and the approach modes are described in the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide The two concentric knobs and Hl button on the left are used to control the left page and the two concentric knobs and HM button on the right are used to control the right page The right inner knob has an in and an out position It should be pushed to the in position for now The cursor is an area of inverse video dark characters on a light back ground Many pages allow you to add delete or change data on the 6 screen by first pressing the appropriate HM button left MINI for left page and right Hl for right page to turn the cursor function on and bring the cursor on the screen The appropriate concentric knobs are then used to enter the data When a cursor is on the screen the page name normally shown in the lower left and right segments is replaced with a CRSR annunciation in inverse video Not all pages allow you to make data entry and therefore pressing the Hl button while these pages are displayed w
19. NDB NDB NDB Wht None INT INT Intersection Wpt None SUP SUPL Supplemental Wpt None Varies with the type of waypoints in the active flight plan 2 2 Entering Waypoint Identifiers Waypoints are stored in the database by their ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization identifiers To use these waypoints it is only neces sary to enter the ICAO identifier of the waypoint thus saving the labor of entering a latitude and longitude One area of potential confusion is airport identifiers in the Continental United States Alaska and Canada Many airports in these three areas use identifiers having four letters beginning with a prefix letter that corre sponds to the geographic area in which it is located The prefix letter of the Contiguous United States is K Thus the identifier for Los Angeles International airport is KLAX not LAX which is the identifier of Los Angeles VOR Not all airport identifiers receive the prefix letter Airport identifiers which are a combination of letters and numbers do not receive the prefix letter NOTE If you are entering an airport identifier that is all letters no num bers then it will begin with a K prefix in the Contiguous U S a P in Alaska or a C in Canada If there are numbers in the identifier then a prefix is not used For other areas of the world the airport identifier stored in the KLN 90B database is identical to how it is charted Like all rules there are als
20. Present Position 36 10 2 Creating A Waypoint As A Radial And Distance From Another Waypoint 36 10 3 Creating a Waypoint By Entering A Latitude Longitude Position 37 11 0 DELETING USER WAYPOINTS 38 12 0 CREATING AND MODIFYING FLIGHT PLANS 38 12 1 Creating A Flight Plan 39 12 2 Activating An Numbered Flight Plan 40 12 3 Adding A Waypoint To A Flight Plan 41 12 4 Deleting A Waypoint From A Flight Plan 41 12 5 Deleting Flight Plans 42 12 6 Storing FPL O As A Numbered Flight Plan 42 13 0 OPERATING FROM THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN 43 13 1 General Procedures 43 13 2 Turn Anticipation And Waypoint Alerting 44 13 3 Viewing The Waypoint Pages For The Active Flight Plan Waypoints wA fae oaks Bais Paap Ki Ba 44 13 4 Combining Direct To And Flight Plan Operation 45 13 5 The Distance Time Pages 46 13 6 The Distance Time 1 Page D T 1 46 13 7 The Distance Time 2 Page D T 2 47 13 8 The Distance Time 3 Page D T 3 47 13 9 The Distance Time 4 Page D T 4 47 14 0 ALTITUDE ALERTING 48 15 0 UPDATING THE DATABASE 50 16 0 ITEMS NOT
21. The cursor will be over the first waypoint position NOTE The KLN 90B flight plan operation is designed so that the first waypoint in the flight plan should always be the departure point Remember to enter the K P or C prefix for certain airports See sec tion 2 2 Entering Waypoint Identifiers Use the left inner knob to select the first character of the departure way point identifier e Turn the left outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing portion of the cursor over the second character position and then use the left inner knob to select the desired character Use the above procedure to select the entire identifier for the first way point Press WE A waypoint page for the identifier just entered will be dis played on the right side If a mistake was made and the wrong waypoint identifier was entered press Hl and begin again If a mistake was not made but the waypoint identifier just entered isn t in the database a 39 page allowing creation of a user defined waypoint will appear on the right side Refer to section 10 0 CREATING USER WAYPOINTS for instruction on how to define a user created waypoint Press Hl again to approve the waypoint page being displayed The cursor will move to the second waypoint position NOTE A small number of waypoints are stored in the database as fly over waypoints These waypoints are associated with SID STAR proce dures Fl
22. This usually will take less than 12 minutes so the KLN 90B should be able to determine its position by the time you have taxied to the runway However if quicker time to lock onto satellites is required it is possible to shorten this time by giving the KLN 90B the cor rect date and time This is explained in the following two steps If the date is incorrect rotate the right outer knob counterclockwise until the cursor is over the entire date Rotate the right inner knob until the correct day of the month is displayed Then rotate the right outer knob one step clockwise to place the flashing part of the cursor over the month field three dashes Rotate the right inner knob to display the correct month Rotate the right outer knob one step clockwise again and then use the right inner knob to select the first digit of the correct year a 9 for 1994 for example Next rotate the right outer knob one more step clockwise and then use the right inner knob to select the second digit of the year When the date is correct press Hl If it is necessary to reset the time use the right outer knob to position the cursor over the time zone Use the right inner knob to select the desired time zone UTC Coordinated Universal Time which is also called Zulu is always a good choice Now turn the right outer knob one step counterclockwise to position the cursor over the entire time field Use the right inner knob to select the correct hour Since 24 hour
23. a navigation graphics presentation It is useful in providing you with proper orientation of the navigation situation In all KLN 90B installations there are three common map orientation formats that may be selected on the NAV 5 page a North up display a desired track up display or an an actual track up display In addition if the KLN 17 90B is interfaced with a source of heading in a suitable format then a heading up presentation may also be selected When the North up dis play is selected viewing the NAV 5 page is like looking at a navigation chart with North at the top When the desired track up display is selected viewing the NAV 5 page is like looking at a chart that is turned so that your course line is always pointing up When the actual track up display is selected viewing the NAV 5 page is like looking at a chart that is turned so that the direction the aircraft is tracking over the ground is pointing up In ano wind condition actual track is identical to the aircrafts heading CAUTION When using the actual track up format it is typical for there to be a slight delay from the time a heading change is made until the correct map orientation is displayed Be careful when using either the desired track up display or the actual track up display to not think that a heading up display is being used The desired track up display orientation is most useful when the aircraft s heading is approximately the same as the desired track
24. anticipation When the mes sage is viewed it states ADJ NAV IND CRS TO XYZ where XYZ is the new course you should select on the HSI or CDI Note This message is not displayed if the KLN 90B is interfaced with an EHSI or HSI having a course pointer automatically slewed to the correct desired track by the KLN 90B The beginning of turn anticipation is also indicated when the external waypoint alert annunciator stops flashing and goes on steady Turn anticipation becomes inactive when transition to the next leg has been made If desired turn anticipation may be disabled or enabled on the Setup 6 page SET 6 using the left EEE and the left inner knob to select between DISABLE or ENABLE If turn anticipation is disabled navigation is pro vided all the way to the waypoint and waypoint alerting occurs approxi mately 36 seconds prior to actually reaching the waypoint 13 3 Viewing The Waypoint Pages For The Active Flight Plan Waypoints The waypoint page s for each of the waypoints in the active flight plan may be easily displayed by selecting the Active Waypoint page ACT type on the right side When the ACT page type is first selected the way 44 point page for the active waypoint will be displayed The location of the waypoint in the flight plan waypoint 1 waypoint 2 etc is annunciated with a number to the left of the identifier In addition an arrow to the left of the waypoint number designates the active waypoint The let
25. ate the database expires or the date it expired Press Hl to acknowledge the information displayed on this page 4 Apage displaying the letters PRESENT POS at the top will now be on the left side of the screen In a couple of minutes or less this page will display the aircraft s present position It shows the position both in lati tude longitude and in terms of the radial and distance from a nearby VOR Verify that the position is correct before proceeding 5 Press the Hl button A page with the words DIRECT TO is now displayed on the left In step 6 you will enter the identifier of the destina tion airport The identifier will have a K prefix for a Continental U S air port a C prefix for a Canadian airport or a P prefix for an Alaskan air port if the identifier is all letters For example LAX becomes KLAX If the airport identifier contains any numbers there is no prefix For example TX04 is entered as TX04 For other areas of the world the airport identifier entered should be identical to how it is charted 6 Rotate the left inner knob until the first character of the airport identifier is displayed Turn the left outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing segment to the second character position Rotate the left inner knob to select the second character of the identifier Use this procedure to enter the complete airport identifier 7 Press HM The right side will display a page showing the identifier
26. ated to graphics display There are no page display indicators in the lower left and right segments of the display to tell you the Super NAV 5 page is being displayed However you will soon learn to recognize the Super NAV 5 page by its unique format The mode annunciation which normally appears in the lower center segment of the screen is now located on the far left side The message prompt is now located in the lower left corner of the graphics display The left side of the Super NAV 5 page shows the following information Distance to the active waypoint The active waypoint identifier Mode of operation Groundspeed Estimated time enroute cross track correction VNAV status Desired track bearing to active waypoint radial from active waypoint Actual track bearing to active waypoint radial from active waypoint The lines above with an in front can be configured by the pilot to display any of the items listed This is done by pressing the left Hl and rotating the left outer knob counterclockwise until it is over the desired line Turn the left inner knob to choose between items for a given line When all selections are complete turn off the cursor by pressing the left Hl 19 The map scale is also changed by using the left cursor button To change the map scale press the left I to place the cursor over the map scale factor at the bottom left corner of the map display Turn the left inner knob to select a map scale The
27. displayed on the left with the cursor over the first two digits of the altimeter baro set field The NAV 4 page will be displayed on the right with the cursor over the first digit of the selected altitude field NOTE The units of the altimeter baro set may be changed on the SET 7 page 2 Use the left knobs to update the altimeter baro setting if required There are three cursor positions Use the left outer knob to move the cursor and the left inner knob to change digits With the proper altimeter baro setting the indicated altitude IND on the right should be the same of the aircraft s actual altimeter 48 NOTE There may be some difference less than 100 feet between the indicated altitude IND and the aircraft s actual altitude if the altitude input to the KLN 90B is from an altitude encoder because these encoders only provide altitude in 100 foot increments 3 Turn the left outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over the ALERT field If OFF is displayed turn the left inner knob to select ON When alerting is enabled an arrow to the right of ON points to the selected altitude on the right side of the screen 4 Select a warn altitude by using the left outer knob to position the cursor over the WARN field Use the left inner knob to select the desired warn altitude It is selectable in one hundred foot increments up to 900 feet Normally you will use the same warn altitude all the time so you only have to en
28. e selected in one hundred foot increments After the desired selection has been made press the left Hl to turn off the cursor function The vertical buffer serves to stretch the SUA area in both directions by the selected buffer altitude For example let s say you have selected a buffer of 1000 feet and the actual SUA area exists from 5 000 feet MSL to 12 000 feet MSL In this case you will receive SUA alert messages if you fly at any altitude between 4 000 and 13 000 feet MSL CAUTION It is the pilot s responsibility to avoid those areas of spe cial use airspace where ATC clearance to penetrate is required but has not been obtained The KLN 90B s special use airspace alert is only a tool to assist the pilot and should never be relied upon as the sole means of avoiding these areas 8 0 VIEWING THE WAYPOINT PAGES Waypoint pages include APT airport VOR NDB INT intersections and outer markers and SUP supplemental Supplemental waypoints are user defined waypoints that have not been defined specifically as an air port VOR NDB or intersection Airport waypoints have eight pages while the other type waypoints all have one page each 8 1 Selecting The Desired Waypoint Page To select a specific waypoint page e Select the desired waypoint type APT VOR NDB INT or SUP on the right page using the right outer knob Select the desired waypoint identifier using one of the following two methods 24 Method 1
29. e information is assured only if it is used before the expiration date Use of out of date data base information is done entirely at the user s own risk The NAV 2 page present position will now be displayed on the left side of the screen and the waypoint page for the last active waypoint before the KLN 90B was last turned off will be displayed on the right side If the last active waypoint was an airport the the APT 4 page airport com munications will be displayed on the right side When the KLN 90B is ready to navigate the NAV 2 page will display the present position both in terms of latitude longitude and in terms of the radial and distance from a nearby VOR 2 0 BASIC OPERATION OF PANEL CONTROLS Top Left Segment Top Right Segment Left Page Right Page BENDIX KING KLN 90B TSO Lower Left Lower Middle Lower Right Segment Segment Segment 2 1 Page Selection The screen is normally divided into five segments defined by vertical and horizontal lines on the screen The large top left segment is called the left page and the large top right segment is called the right page The small lower left segment displays the name of the left page being displayed while the small lower right segment displays the name of the right page being displayed The lower middle segment displays the mode of opera tion ex ENR LEG is Enroute Leg mode which is the normal mode for enroute operations NOTE When power is applied to the
30. e time and date follow steps 6 and 7 in section 3 2 Turn On and Self Test If it is necessary to update the position then use the fol lowing steps Remember if acquisition time is not important then it is not necessary to update the time date or position Select the Setup 1 page SET 1 by first turning the left outer knob to dis play a SET type page Next turn the left inner knob until the SET 1 page is selected Press the left Hl to bring the cursor on the page over the WPT field Use the left inner knob to enter the first character of the identifier for the airport where you are presently located or the identifier of a navaid or other airport which is close to you Remember if you are entering an air port identifier that is all letters no numbers then it will begin with a K prefix in the Contiguous U S a P in Alaska or a C in Canada If there are numbers in the identifier then a prefix is not used Outside the Contiguous U S Alaska and Canada use the airport identifiers as they are charted Rotate the left outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing por tion of the cursor to the second position and then use the left inner knob to enter the second character of the identifier Complete entering the rest of the identifier using the left knobs in the same manner as in step 4 11 Press Hl to view the waypoint page on the right side Press WE again to confirm the waypoint page NOTE A
31. ead OX and the rest of the line will display the specific oxygen service H high pressure HB high pressure bottled L low pressure LB low pressure bottled ALL all of the above oxygen services are available The sixth line of the APT 6 page denotes the presence of a landing fee LANDING FEE The airport has a landing fee NO LDG FEE The airport does not have a landing fee NO FEE INFO Jeppesen does not have any information on whether or not there is a landing fee for this airport 8 8 The Airport 7 Page APT 7 The APT 7 page is used to select SID or STAR procedures that are stored in the database of the KLN 90B Selecting a SID or a STAR is described in detail in the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide 8 9 The Airport 8 Page APT 8 The APT 8 page is used to select non precision approaches for a given airport The details of the APT 8 page as well as approach operations are covered in the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide 30 8 10 The VOR Page The VOR page contains the following information e VOR identifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point The letter D appears following the VOR identifier if the VOR has DME capability The name of the VOR e The class of VOR T terminal L low altitude H high altitude U undefined The VOR frequency MHz The published magnetic variation of the VOR The latitude and longitude of the VOR 8 11 The NDB Page The NDB page contains the
32. ent position displayed first and the waypoint farthest from the aircraft dis played last To view the rest rotate the left outer knob clockwise Doing so will move the flashing cursor over waypoints two three and four and then will cause the waypoint list to scroll so that the other waypoints in the list may be seen To select the desired waypoint move the cursor over the appropriate choice Press Hl to view the waypoint page for the selected waypoint Press Hl to approve the waypoint page 3 0 INITIALIZATION AND TIME TO FIRST FIX Since the KLN 90B stores its position and other required parameters in memory when power to the unit is removed it is seldom necessary to aid the unit in reaching a NAV ready condition The time required from power on until the KLN 90B determines its present position and is therefore ready to navigate is called time to first fix The time to first fix is normally a few minutes or less In order for the KLN 90B to reach a NAV ready condition it is necessary to meet the following conditions 1 The KLN 90B s almanac data must be current Almanac data is crude orbital information for all the satellites and is used for initial acquisition when the KLN 90B is first turned on This data is stored in the KLN 90B s non volatile memory and is considered current for up to six months Each satellite sends almanac data for all satellites Since the KLN 90B routinely updates the almanac data durin
33. entifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point e Runway number e Runway lighting availability L runway lighting sunset to sunrise LPC runway lighting is pilot controlled LPT runway lighting is part time or on request Blank indicates no runway lighting e Runway length in feet e Runway surface HRD hard surface TRF turf GRV gravel CLY clay SND sand DRT dirt ICE ice MAT steel matting SHL shale SNW snow blank blank indicates unknown runway surface type 8 5 The Airport 4 Page APT 4 The APT 4 page is used to display communication frequencies for the selected airport Airport identifier An arrow precedes the identifier if it is the active way point e Frequencies for ATIS automatic terminal information service PTAX pre taxi clearance CLR clearance delivery GRND ground control RAMP ramp taxi control TWR tower UNIC unicom MCOM multicom CTAF common traffic advisory frequency MF mandatory frequency ATF aerodrome traffic frequency 27 AFIS aerodrome flight information service CLB Class B airspace VFR frequency CLC Class C airspace VFR frequency TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area VFR frequency CTA control area VFR frequency used outside USA TMA terminal area VFR frequency used outside USA APR approach control DEP departure control CTR center when center is used for approach departure control ARVL arrival
34. g a laptop computer are contained in sec tion 2 4 1 of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide In order to utilize the first method of database update exchanging the KLN 90B cartridge it is necessary to remove the KLN 90B from the air craft s instrument panel The KLN 90B and the mounting rack have been designed to provide for easy removal Follow these steps to update the KLN 90B database by removing the old cartridge and inserting the new cartridge Insert the KLN 90B insertion removal tool supplied with unit in the small hole located on the right side of the front of the unit A standard 3 32 inch Allen wrench may also be used e Turn the tool counterclockwise until the locking mechanism becomes loose and then continue turning counterclockwise until it just barely begins to become snug Do not turn so far counterclockwise that the mechanism starts to bind and can no longer be turned e The KLN 90B should now be loose from the rack Pull the unit out of the the rack by pulling on the sides of the radio s front panel DO NOT REMOVE BY PULLING ON THE KNOBS Remove the old database cartridge by pulling it straight out the back of the KLN 90B e Remove the new database cartridge from its shipping container Note that the label on the cartridge indicates which side is up and which end to insert into the KLN 90B Insert the new cartridge into the back of the unit When the cartridge is properly inserted the Insert To Here marking o
35. g normal operation 10 the almanac data will become out of date only if the KLN 90B hasn t been used for the previous six months or longer Collecting new almanac data takes place automatically if the data is more than six months old If the almanac data is out of date and needs to be collected the KLN 90B will take a few minutes to acquire your present position usually about six 6 minutes but not more than 12 minutes The Self Test and Database pages should be approved The aircraft must be located such that the GPS antenna has an unob structed view of the sky so that required satellite signals are not being blocked If necessary position the aircraft away from hangars or other obstructions It is very helpful for the KLN 90B to have the correct time date and posi tion to be able to determine which satellites should be in view This infor mation is stored in the battery backed memory of the KLN 90B so it is not normally required to update it If the KLN 90B has the correct time date and position then the time to first fix will usually be less than two 2 minutes If this information is not correct then the KLN 90B will start to look for any satellites Eventually the KLN 90B will find enough satellites to determine the position of the aircraft This process can take as long as 12 minutes It is possible for you to update this information manually which will allow the KLN 90B to reach a NAV ready status much faster To set th
36. he right inner knob in either direction to scan through the waypoint identifiers in alphabetical order The faster you rotate the knob the larger the change Numbers precede letters in the list c When the desired identifier is found press the right inner knob back to the in position 14 Press WE The Direct To page is displayed on the left side and it con tains the desired waypoint identifier Press Hl to approve the waypoint page displayed on the right side The right side will display the NAV 1 page and the left side will return to the page which was displayed prior to pressing HM unless the NAV 1 page was on the left side in which case the pages will revert to the state they were in prior to the direct to operation The selected waypoint is now the active Direct To waypoint 4 4 To Recenter The D Bar If you get off course and wish to recenter the left right deviation bar D Bar to proceed direct to the same waypoint Select a non waypoint page NAV D T REF or CTR or the active way point page on the right side Press WE The Direct To page is displayed on the left containing the active waypoint identifier Press Hi 4 5 To Proceed Direct To Another Waypoint You may proceed Direct To another waypoint other than the active one by using Direct To procedure A B or C at any time 4 6 Cancelling Direct To Operation The primary reason for wanting to cancel Direct To operation is to retur
37. ill have no effect There are eight types of pages that may be displayed on the left side of the screen and ten types of pages that may be displayed on the right side The abbreviations for these page types are displayed around the outside of the left and right outer knobs The page types are different on the left and right sides with the exception of the NAV Navigation type which appears on both sides To select a page type the cursor must not be dis played on the side of the screen where page selection is to be made If the cursor is displayed the appropriate Hl button must be pressed to turn the cursor function off To select the NAV page type on the right side turn the right outer knob until NAV is displayed in the lower right segment The order in which the page types will be displayed is the same as the order they are positioned around the outer knob Thus if APT Airport is displayed in the lower right segment turning the right outer knob one step counterclockwise or nine steps clockwise will display NAV Many types of pages such as NAV have more than one page There are five NAV pages for example Once the type of page has been selected using the outer knob the inner knob is used to select the specific page For example if NAV 3 is displayed in the lower right segment then the NAV 3 page is being displayed in the upper right segment To view the NAV 1 page turn the right inner knob two steps counterclockwise or three steps clock
38. ing Hl followed by pressing E 2 Press the right EEE 3 Rotate the right outer knob clockwise to position the cursor over NR 1 As long as the cursor is left in this position this page will update so that the nearest airport is always shown as the flight progresses 9 4 Selecting The Nearest Airport Criteria The nine airports in the nearest list are the nine airports which meet the criteria selected on the Setup 3 page SET 3 The SET 3 page allows you to specify what criteria you want an airport to meet before it is consid ered for the nearest airport list To specify the airport criteria Select the SET 3 page on the left side e Press the left Hl to turn on the left cursor function The cursor will appear over the minimum runway length field Use the left inner knob to select the minimum length runway desired for the airport to qualify for the nearest airport list Values between 1000 feet and 5000 feet in 100 foot increments may be selected 34 e Rotate the left outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over the runway surface criteria e Turn the left inner knob to select either HRD SFT or to select HRD If HRD SFT is chosen then both hard and soft surface runways meeting the required runway length will be included in the nearest airport list If HRD is chosen then only hard surface runways will be included Hard surface runways include concrete asphalt pavement tarmac bitumen and sealed S
39. ise to position the cursor over LOAD FPL 0 Press Hl to load the active flight plan into this numbered flight plan 42 13 0 OPERATING FROM THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN 13 1 General Procedures Everything described in this manual thus far is applicable to using the KLN 90B for flight plan operation The following rules and considerations apply to flight plan operation while the KLN 90B is in the leg mode Although many of the KLN 90B pages may be utilized while operating along a flight plan common page selections are the FPL 0 page on the left side while simultaneously displaying one of three Distance Time pages D T 1 D T 2 D T 3 or the NAV 5 page navigation graphics on the right side Of course the other four Navigation pages may also be used extensively The information contained on the Distance Time pages is explained later in section 13 5 The Distance Time Pages e Always verify that you are viewing the active flight plan page FPL 0 and not one of the other numbered flight plan pages The active leg of the flight plan is designated with a b symbol A leg is defined as the course line between a pair of waypoints a from way point and a to waypoint The head of the arrow is positioned to the left of and points to the active to waypoint The tail of the symbol is posi tioned to the left of the from waypoint The symbol is not displayed unless the KLN 90B is actually receiving navigation signals sui
40. it is stored in the KLN 90B as all altitudes below the upper limit of the SUA If the actual upper limit of a SUA is charted in terms of AGL it is stored in the KLN 90B as unlimited If the altitude input to the KLN 90B is pressure altitude from an altitude encoder or air data computer then you must manually update the KLN 90B with an altimeter setting baro correction in order to receive accurate SUA alerting You may easily update the altimeter setting by pressing the I button to display the Altitude page The cursor will be over the inches field if inches was previously selected on the SET 7 page If millibars was selected on the SET 7 page then the cursor will be over the first two digits of the millibar field The left inner knob is used to change the digits and the left outer knob is used to move the cursor to the desired position When the altimeter setting is complete press Hl to return to the pages previously in view CAUTION Failure to keep the altimeter setting updated will result in inaccurate special use airspace alerting If this feature is used it is a good idea to update the altitude setting on the ALT page each time you make a change to a aircraft s altimeter setting NOTE If there is no altitude input to the KLN 90B all altitudes will be regarded as being within the boundary of the SUA area Only the outer lateral boundaries are stored for Class B Class C CTAs and TMAs These SUA areas are stored a
41. ith the aircraft s present position No ETE s are then shown If a non flight plan page is displayed on the left the format of the D T 1 page changes to display just the distance and ETE for the active waypoint and for the last waypoint in the flight plan 46 13 7 The Distance Time 2 Page D T 2 When the FPL 0 page is displayed on the left side and the D T 2 page is displayed on the right side the distance and estimated time of arrival are displayed for each of the active flight plan waypoints The distances are as described for the D T 1 page The time zone associated with the esti mated time of arrival is annunciated at the top right of the D T 2 page The time zone may be changed by enabling the right cursor function to bring the cursor over the time zone and then turning the right inner knob to select the desired time zone Changing the time zone on the D T 2 page changes the time zone on other pages where time is displayed If a numbered flight plan page is displayed on the left side no estimated times of arrival are displayed If a non flight plan page is displayed on the left side the format of the D T 2 changes to display just the distance and estimated time of arrival for the active waypoint and for the last waypoint in the flight plan 13 8 The Distance Time 3 Page D T 3 When any flight plan page is displayed on the left side and the D T 3 page is displayed on the right side the distance and desired track DTK a
42. le the left cursor function if it is not on already e Rotate the left outer knob as necessary to position the cursor over the waypoint identifier which you desire to follow the waypoint being added Another way to think of this is to position the cursor over the position in the flight plan you wish the new waypoint to be added For example if TUL is presently the second waypoint in the flight plan and you wish to insert GNP in the number two position in front of TUL move the cursor over TUL Use the left inner knob to enter the first character of the waypoint being inserted As you begin to turn the knob the exiting waypoint in this posi tion automatically jumps down to the next position In the previous example TUL automatically moves to waypoint three Use the left outer and inner knobs in the normal manner to complete entering the waypoint identifier Press Hl to display the waypoint page on the right side for the identifier just entered Press Hl again to approve the waypoint page Press the left Hl to turn off the left cursor function 12 4 Deleting A Waypoint From A Flight Plan To delete a waypoint from a flight plan Press the left Hl to enable the left cursor function if it is not on already 41 e Rotate the left outer knob as necessary to position the cursor over the waypoint to be deleted Press Hl The letters DEL delete will appear to the left of the identifier and a question mark will ap
43. lf test In most KLN 90B installations the first two characters of the altimeter set ting BARO field will be highlighted in inverse video dark characters on a light background on the right side of the screen This area of inverse video is called the cursor Use the right inner knob to select the correct first two characters of the altimeter setting Next turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over the third character of the altimeter setting Use the right inner knob to select the correct number Once again turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over the last character of the altimeter setting Use the right inner knob to complete entering the correct altimeter setting Turn the right outer knob clockwise to position the cursor over the word APPROVE if the cursor is not there already Press ll to approve the Self Test page Note If the KLN 90B is installed for VFR only operation a VFR only warning page is displayed after the self test page has been approved This warning page must be acknowledged by pressing WEE If the KLN 90B has an external GPS CRS switch and the switch is in the OBS position then an OBS warning page will be presented after the self test page has been approved Press the GPS CRS button to put the unit into the LEG mode After the GPS CRS button indicates LEG then the KLN 90B will continue the start up process 3 A database page is now displayed showing the d
44. m the closest VOR will be displayed after a few seconds The original reference may of course be re entered at any time 10 3 Creating A Waypoint By Entering A Latitude Longitude Position The third method of creating a user defined waypoint is to directly enter a latitude longitude position To create a waypoint in this manner Follow the steps presented in section 10 0 to enter a waypoint identifier e Rotate the right outer knob to position the cursor over USER POS and press HM A user waypoint page will appear with the identifier at the top of the page and the cursor over a dashed latitude field e Turn the right inner knob to display an N for North or an S for South Select the latitude in degrees minutes and hundredths of a minute by using the right outer knob to position the cursor and the right inner knob to select the desired numbers When the complete latitude has been selected press HM The cursor will jump down to the longitude field e Turn the right inner knob to select W for West or E for East Use the right outer and inner knobs to select the longitude Press HM The user defined waypoint is now created 37 11 0 DELETING USER WAYPOINTS A listing of all user defined waypoints is contained on the Other 3 page OTH 3 The user defined waypoints are listed by category airports A are first VORs V are second NDBs N are third Intersections I are fourth and Supplemental waypoint
45. ment approach information ILS airport has an ILS approach MLS airport has an MLS approach ILS MLS airport has an ILS and MLS approach NP APR airport has a nonprecision approach and no ILS or MLS NO APR airport does not have an instrument approach e The symbol R indicates that the airport is serviced by an Approach Departure control facility having radar capability 8 4 The Airport 3 Page APT 3 The function of the APT 3 page is to display runway information for the selected airport For many airports the first APT 3 page depicts a North up runway diagram for the airport NOTE This runway diagram is present only for those airports where Jeppesen s data contains the position of the runway thresholds The primary APT 3 page follows the runway diagram Runway designa tion lighting and types of surface for up to five runways are displayed in order of length beginning with the longest Since there are many times when all of an airport s runway information does not fit on one page addi tional APT 3 pages are used to display the data Remember that a inserted between the page type and the number APT 3 in this case is used to indicate that there is more than one Airport 3 page 26 The letters RT followed by a runway designation indicate that the runway normally has a right hand traffic pattern For example RT 25 31 designates that runways 25 and 31 have a right hand traffic pattern Airport id
46. n to flight plan operation which is described later in section 13 0 OPER ATING FROM THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN To cancel Direct To opera tion Press WEE Press WEE Press WEE 15 5 0 THE NAVIGATION PAGES As you would erpect the NAV navigation pages contain information relating specifically to the KLN 90B s navigation capabilities The KLN 90B has five NAV pages Unlike any other pages these pages may be selected and viewed on both the left and right sides of the screen The procedure for selecting specific pages including the NAV pages was described previously under BASIC OPERATION OF PANEL CON TROLS NAV pages 1 2 3 and 5 are briefly described here The KLN 90B Pilot s Guide must be referred to for an explanation of the NAV 4 page vertical navigation and for more detailed information on all other NAV pages 5 1 The Navigation 1 Page NAV 1 The NAV 1 page displays the following information The active navigation leg For Direct To operation this consists of the Direct To symbol B followed by the active Direct To waypoint identifier For the leg of a flight plan this consists of the from waypoint identifier and the active to waypoint identifier An arrow gt precedes the active waypoint identifier A course deviation indicator CDI which displays left and right deviation from the desired track A vertical bar operates like a navigation devia tion needle on a conventional CDI
47. n 3 Page NAV 3 17 5 5 The Navigation 4 Page NAV 4 17 5 6 The Navigation 5 Page NAV 5 17 5 7 The Super NAV 5 Page 19 6 0 MESSAGE PAGE 22 7 0 SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE ALERT 22 8 0 VIEWING THE WAYPOINT PAGES 24 8 1 Selecting The Desired Waypoint Page 24 8 2 The Airport 1 Page APT1 25 8 3 The Airport 2 Page APT2 26 8 4 The Airport 3 Page APT3 26 8 5 The Airport 4 Page APT 4 27 8 6 The Airport 5 Page APT5 29 8 7 The Airport 6 Page APT6 29 8 8 The Airport 7 Page APT7 30 8 9 The Airport 8 Page APT8 30 8 10 The VOR Page 31 8 11 The NBD Page 0 00 eee eee ees 31 8 12 The Intersection Page INT 32 8 13 The Supplemental Waypoint Page SUP 32 9 0 NEAREST AIRPORTS VORS AND NBDS 33 9 1 Viewing The Nearest Airports VORs And NDBs 33 9 2 Nearest Airports In An Emergency 33 9 3 Continuous Display Of Nearest Airport 34 9 4 Selecting The Nearest Airport Criteria 34 10 0 CREATING USER WAYPOINTS 35 10 1 Creating A Waypoint At The
48. n the Airport 4 page the abbreviation BEL means at and below the specified altitude Likewise the abbreviation ABV means at and above the specified altitude Thus ABV 4000FT means at and above 4000 feet and BEL 3999FT means at and below 3999 feet 28 8 6 The Airport 5 Page APT 5 The Airport 5 page is used to store and display user entered remarks Up to 100 airports may contain these remarks A remark may contain up to three lines of eleven characters each Letters numbers hyphens and spaces may be used in the remark To enter a remark Select the APT 5 page for the desired airport Press the right WE e Rotate the right outer knob until the cursor fills the entire third line of the screen Use the right inner knob to select the first character of the remark Use the right outer knob to move the flashing portion of the cursor to the second cursor position and then use the right inner knob to select the second character Use the right outer and inner knobs to select the rest of the first line of the remark Press Hl to approve the first line The cursor will move to the next line Use the above procedure to select the characters for the second and third lines of the remark Press Hl to individually approve each line of the remark Press the right HM to turn the right cursor function off The Other 4 page OTH 4 contains a listing of all airports containing remarks To delete a previously e
49. n the label can just be seen protruding from the rear of the KLN 90B e Make sure that the front lug of the locking mechanism is in the up posi tion Insert the KLN 90B back in the rack as far as it will go e Re insert the insertion removal tool Turn the tool clockwise until snug The KLN 90B should now be locked back into the mounting rack The container which was used to ship the new cartridge to you is used to return the old cartridge back to ASGAA A return shipping label is included in the container Remove the backing from the label and place it in the address position of the shipping container 51 e Insert the old cartridge into the container Peel off the protective backing from the adhesive on the end flap on the container Press the flap against the adhesive to seal the container e Please return the old cartridge promptly by mailing immediately at any mailbox No postage is required if mailed from within the U S Users will be billed for cartridges not returned and no additional cartridges will be sent until either the old cartridge or payment for the old cartridge is received 16 0 ITEMS NOT COVERED IN THIS MANUAL Be sure to take the time to read through the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide In some cases more detail is provided on subjects covered in this manual Hundreds of illustrations are used to make learning to use the KLN 90B as easy as possible In addition the Pilot s Guide describes many very useful KLN 90B feat
50. n the right side Press HM to approve the waypoint page The active waypoint is now the waypoint selected from the Super NAV 5 page The KLN 90B will return the display to the Super NAV 5 page If for some reason it is desired to cancel the Direct To operation prior to reaching the Direct To waypoint in order to proceed along the flight plan leg press HM then press HM and then press WEN 13 5 The Distance Time Pages As stated earlier it is common to use the Distance Time pages in conjunc tion with flight plan operation The Distance Time pages are specially designed to be most useful when the active flight plan page FPL 0 is dis played simultaneously on the left side 13 6 The Distance Time 1 Page D T 1 When the FPL 0 page is displayed on the left side and the D T 1 page is displayed on the right side the distance DIS and estimated time enroute ETE are displayed for each of the active flight plan waypoints The dis tance displayed is the cumulative distance from the aircraft s present position to each waypoint along the flight plan route The ETE is dis played in hours minutes If Direct To operation is occurring to a waypoint that is not in the active flight plan then the D T 1 page is blank when the FPL 0 page is displayed on the left If a numbered flight plan page FPL 1 through FPL 25 is displayed on the left side the distances displayed are from the first waypoint in the flight plan and have nothing to do w
51. ng Prior to reaching a waypoint in the active flight plan the KLN 90B will pro vide navigation along a curved path segment to ensure a smooth transi tion between two adjacent legs in the flight plan That is the CDI or HSI left right deviation will be referenced to the dashed line in the following figure This feature is called turn anticipation The transition course is based upon the aircraft s actual groundspeed and the amount of course angle change between the two legs The KLN 90B automatically sequences to the next leg after passing the midpoint in the transition seg ment Approximately 20 seconds prior to the beginning of turn anticipation the arrow preceding the active waypoint identifier will begin flashing on the FPL 0 were page and on any Navigation page Distance Time ds a page or waypoint page displaying the active way point identifier The active waypoint identifier will start to flash on the Super NAV 5 page This is called waypoint alerting If an external waypoint alert annunciator is mounted in the aircraft this annunciator will begin flashing at the same time lt gt wert To utilize the turn anticipation feature start the turn transitioning to the next leg in the flight plan at the very beginning of turn anticipation This occurs when the desired track DTK displayed on the NAV 3 or Super NAV 5 page changes to the value for the next leg A message prompt also begins flashing at the beginning of turn
52. ng of the nearest airport list Press WEN 33 Press Hl The waypoint page for the nearest airport is now displayed on the right side The right inner knob may now be used in the normal manner to scan the other nearest airports knob in the out position or to view all eight airport pages for a specific airport knob in the in posi tion 9 3 Continuous Display Of Nearest Airport When the nearest airport page is initially displayed NR 1 is displayed in the upper right hand corner of the page to designate this airport as the nearest airport However if you continue to fly along your flight plan with this page selected the same airport will be displayed and its position in the nearest airport list will change from NR 1 to NR 2 NR 3 NR 4 NR9 until finally it won t be in the nearest airport list at all The reason for this is that in the event of an actual emergency once you have determined which airport you are heading for you don t want the nearest airport list to update while you are maneuvering or looking up data on the other airport pages for that airport There may be times however when you re flying over unfriendly terrain when you wish to always have to nearest airport displayed on the right side of the screen while you view another page such as the NAV 1 page on the left side The means for doing this on the KLN 90B is the following 1 Display the nearest airport page by press
53. nter faced to certain air data altimeter systems which update the baro set field when the aircraft s altimeter baro setting is updated To enter the correct baro setting rotate the right inner knob to select the first two digits of the correct altimeter setting Rotate the right outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing cursor over the third position Use the right inner knob to select the correct number Use the right outer and inner knobs to complete the baro setting Now press WEE With the correct altimeter setting entered the altitude displayed on line 4 should be correct within 100 feet Use the right outer knob to position the cursor over APPROVE if the cursor is not there already and press Hl to approve the Self Test page Note f the KLN 90B is installed for VFR only operation a VFR only warning page is displayed after the self test page has been approved This warning page must be acknowledged by pressing WE If the KLN 90B has an external GPS CRS switch and the switch is in the OBS posi tion then an OBS warning page will be presented after the self test page has been approved Press the GPS CRS button to put the unit into the LEG mode After the GPS CRS button indicates LEG then the KLN 90B will continue the start up process The screen will now display the Database page which shows the date the database expires or the date on which it expired Press Hl to acknowledge WARNING The accuracy of the databas
54. ntered airport remark select the Other 4 page position the left cursor over the desired airport identifier press Hl and then press BEH 8 7 The Airport 6 Page APT 6 The APT 6 page shows aeronautical services available for the selected airport These services include customs fuel and oxygen availability as well as an indicator to denote the presence of a landing fee e Customs information is displayed as follows CUSTMS FULL Customs facilities are available without restriction NO CUSTOMS No customs facilities are available CUSTMS PR Customs facilities are available but require prior request or permission for use 29 CUSTMS REST Customs facilities are available on a restricted basis check with the airport before planning to use CUSTMS ADCS Customs are available for private aircraft arriving to the U S from Canada or Mexico Advance notice of arrival to customs officers is to be included in the flight plan transmitted to an FAA facility This code is used when this is the only type customs facility available The FAA term for the service is ADCUS The following fuel types are displayed 80 80 octane 100 100 octane 100LL 100 octane low lead MOGAS Automotive fuel JET Jet fuel any type jet fuel qualifies NO FUEL No fuel available If there are no oxygen services available at the selected airport the fifth line will display NO OXYGEN If any type of oxygen service is available the fifth line will r
55. o exceptions to the guidelines given above If the above rules do not work it is possible to scan through the database using a procedure described in section 3 7 4 of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide Selecting Waypoints By Name and City The general procedure for entering a waypoint identifier is described below You need not perform these steps now since they will be described again shortly If the cursor is not positioned on the screen location where you desire to enter the waypoint identifier press HM left HM for left page or right EE for right page to turn on the cursor function If required rotate the outer knob left outer knob for left page or right outer knob for right page to position the cursor in the desired location Rotate the appropriate inner knob to select the first character of the way point identifier e Turn the appropriate outer knob one step clockwise to move the cursor to the second character position e Rotate the inner knob to select the second character Use the outer and inner knobs in this manner until the complete waypoint identifier is displayed Note that you may not have to enter the last char acters of the identifier because each time you enter a character the KLN 90B offers you the first identifier in the database beginning with the char acters you have entered If the Hl is flashing in the lower middle segment of the display then press the Hl button 2 3 The Duplicate Waypoin
56. oft surface runways include turf gravel clay sand dirt ice steel matting shale and snow For example if the minimum runway criteria selected is 2200 feet in length and HRD surface then only airports having a hard surface runway at least 2200 feet in length will be displayed in the nearest airport list 10 0 CREATING USER WAYPOINTS Up to 250 user defined waypoints may be created These waypoints must contain an identifier latitude and longitude This manual describes the most common methods of creating user defined waypoints Regardless of which of the three methods described below is utilized for creating a user defined waypoint it is first necessary to enter a unique identifier for the waypoint The identifier can be one to five characters in length To select the identifier Use the right outer knob to select the supplemental SUP type way points Press the right HM to turn on the right cursor function The cursor will appear over the first character position of the identifier Use the right inner knob to select the first character of the identifier e Turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over the second character and then use the right inner knob to select the desired character Use the right outer and inner knobs as described above to finish selecting the identifier The following text should now be displayed CREATE NEW WPT AT USER POS PRES POS 35 NOTE If
57. or HSI An on course indication is displayed when the vertical deviation bar is centered on the triangle in the middle of the CDI In En route navigation each dot represents one nautical mile deviation from the desired track Therefore the CDI shows course deviation five nautical miles left and right of course A vertical deviation bar positioned two dots to the right of the center triangle indi cates the aircraft is two nautical miles to the left of course The center triangle also serves as the CDI s TO FROM indicator and operates in the same manner as a conventional CDI TO FROM indicator an up tri angle indicates to the active waypoint while a down triangle indicates from the active waypoint Distance DIS to the active waypoint e Groundspeed GS Estimated time enroute ETE Bearing BRG to the active waypoint 5 2 The Super NAV 1 Page When the NAV 1 page is selected on both the left and right sides at the same time the Super NAV 1 page is displayed The Super NAV 1 page 16 contains exactly the same information as the standard NAV 1 page but spreads the data out across the entire screen making it even easier to view 5 3 The Navigation 2 Page NAV 2 The NAV 2 page displays the aircraft s present position in two formats The first format is in terms of the distance and radial from a nearby VOR Although terminal VOR s are in the database they are not used on this page since many aerona
58. or initiating Direct To navigation 4 1 Direct To Procedure A Press Hl The Direct To page is displayed on the left side The cursor will already be on the left page A waypoint identifier may or may not be displayed it doesn t matter at this point e Rotate the left inner knob to select the first character of the desired way point s identifier Remember to enter the K C or P prefix for certain airports if required See section 2 2 Entering Waypoint Identifiers e Turn the left outer knob one step clockwise to move the flashing portion of the cursor over the second character position e Rotate the left inner knob to select the second character of the identifier Use the left outer and inner knobs as in the previous steps until the desired identifier is completely displayed Press Hl to display the waypoint page on the right side for the selected waypoint If an incorrect identifier has been entered you may immedi ately start using the left inner knob to re enter the correct identifier Press Hl again to approve the displayed waypoint page The right side will display the NAV 1 page and the left side will return to the page which was displayed prior to pressing Hl unless the NAV 1 page was on the left side or the Super NAV 5 page was selected in which case the pages will revert to the state they were in prior to the direct to operation The selected waypoint is now the active Direct
59. pear to the right of the identifier If a mistake was made and you do not wish to delete this waypoint press 20 Press Hl and the waypoint will be deleted from the flight plan The other waypoints in the flight plan will be correctly repositioned 12 5 Deleting Flight Plans To delete a flight plan which is no longer required Display the flight plan FPL 0 FPL 1 FPL 2 or FPL 25 which is to be cleared e Make sure the left cursor function is turned off If the left cursor is on press the left IEE to turn it off Press WE The words DELETE FPL will appear at the top of the page If a mistake was made and you do not wish to clear this flight plan press E Press W to clear the flight plan 12 6 Storing FPL 0 As A Numbered Flight Plan The active flight plan may be loaded into a numbered flight plan so that it can be recalled for later use This may be desirable for example if the active flight plan was originally created on the FPL 0 page and not as a numbered flight plan To store the active flight plan as a numbered flight plan Select a numbered flight plan page which does not contain any way points If none exist use the procedure described in section 12 5 Deleting Flight Plans to clear a flight plan which is no longer required e Press the left Hl to turn on the left cursor function with the cursor over the blank first waypoint position Rotate the left outer knob one step counterclockw
60. pressing the left Hl while the SET 4 page is displayed on the left side and then rotating the left inner knob Press the left EEE again to turn the left cursor function off TIME The present time The time may be reset on the Self Test page at system turn on or on the SET 2 page at any time ETA The estimated time of arrival at the destination waypoint FLT The flight time If RUN WHEN GS gt 30 KT is selected on the SET 4 page then flight time is the amount of time that the aircraft s ground speed has been above 30 knots Normally this will be the time since takeoff However time spent at groundspeeds less than 30 knots such as intermediate stops without shutting down power or helicopter hov ering is not counted as flight time If RUN WHEN POWER IS ON is selected on the SET 4 page then flight time is the time since power on ETE Estimated time enroute to the destination waypoint 14 0 ALTITUDE ALERTING If your aircraft does not already have an altitude alerting capability you may wish to use the KLN 90B s capability of assisting you with altitude management during your flying Altitude alerting allows you to select a target altitude and it then provides you with an aural alarm 1000 feet prior to reaching the selected altitude another aural alarm upon reaching the selected altitude and another aural alarm if you deviate from the selected altitude To use altitude alerting 1 Press HM The Altitude page will be
61. re displayed The distances are as described for the D T 1 page The desired track is the great circle course between two waypoints You should view the diagram in Appendix A of the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide if you are unfamiliar with this term If a non flight plan page is displayed on the left side the format of the D T 3 page changes to display just the distance and desired track for the active waypoint and for the next waypoint in the flight plan Note that this is different than for the D T 1 and D T 2 pages 13 9 The Distance Time 4 Page D T 4 The format of the D T 4 page does not change It displays on a single page the pertinent times for the flight regardless of what is displayed on the left page and regardless of whether flight plan or Direct To operation is occurring The information displayed on the D T 4 page is the following e The destination waypoint The selected time zone The time zone may be changed by pressing the right Hl and using the right inner knob to select the desired time zone DEP The departure time There are two definitions of departure time depending on what has been selected on the Setup 4 page SET 4 If the SET 4 page displays RUN WHEN GS gt 30 KT then the departure time is that time when the groundspeed first reached 30 knots If the 47 SET 4 page displays RUN WHEN POWER IS ON then the departure time is the time when power was applied to the KLN 90B The SET 4 page may be changed by
62. re numbered 0 through 25 FPL 0 FPL 1 FPL 2 FPL 25 The active flight plan is always FPL 0 The standard procedure is to create a flight plan in one of the flight plans numbered as FPL 1 FPL 2 FPL 3 or FPL 25 When one of these numbered flight plans is acti 38 vated it becomes FPL 0 the active flight plan This manual will refer to FPL 0 as the active flight plan and FPL 1 through FPL 25 as the num bered flight plans If desired a flight plan can be created directly in the active flight plan This avoids creating the flight plan in a numbered flight plan and then having to activate it The disadvantage is that if a num bered flight plan is subsequently made active the one programmed directly into FPL 0 will be lost e Modifications may be made to FPL 0 without affecting the way it is stored as a numbered flight plan e Unless Direct To operation is being used the active flight plan FPL 0 must contain at least two waypoints Otherwise the KLN 90B system will be flagged 12 1 Creating A Flight Plan To create a flight plan e Rotate the left outer knob to select the flight plan FPL type pages Turn the left inner knob to select a flight plan page preferably other than FPL 0 which does not contain a flight plan If all of the flight plan pages contain flight plans refer to section 12 5 Deleting Flight Plans Press the left Hl to turn on the cursor function for the left page
63. s cylinders of airspace so all altitudes below the upper limit of these areas are considered to be in the SUA The message prompt for a special use airspace alert will occur when the aircraft s position is at a point such that a projection of the aircraft s existing track over the ground is approximately 10 minutes from pene trating the outer boundary of one of these areas It will also occur if the aircraft is within approximately two nautical miles of one of these areas even if the aircraft s projected track over the ground wont actually pene 23 trate the SUA area If one of the SUA areas is penetrated another message will state INSIDE SPC USE AIRSPACE The SUA alert feature may be disabled or enabled on the Setup 8 SET 8 page After displaying the SET 8 page on the left side press the left E to turn on the left cursor function The left inner knob is used to dis play AIRSPACE ALERT ENABLE or AIRSPACE ALERT DISABLE If the SUA alert feature has been enabled the KLN 90B allows you to select a vertical buffer on the SET 8 page in order to provide an additional layer of protection from inadvertently entering a SUA area To select a vertical buffer make sure the SUA alert feature has been enabled Press the left EEE and then use the left outer knob to move the cursor over the first position of the vertical buffer Use the left outer knob to position the cursor and the left inner knob to select each number The buffer may b
64. s S are last Within each category the waypoints are alphabetized by identifier To the right of the identifier is the type waypoint defined A V N I or S If the waypoint is used in a flight plan the flight plan number is shown to the right of the waypoint type If more than five user waypoints exist it is necessary to press the left EE and then use the left outer knob to scroll through the complete list To delete a user waypoint Select the OTH 3 page Press the left Hl and use the left outer knob to move the cursor over the waypoint to be deleted A waypoint contained in a flight plan can not be deleted without first either deleting the waypoint from the flight plan or deleting the entire flight plan Press WEN Press Hi 12 0 CREATING AND MODIFYING FLIGHT PLANS The advantages of creating flight plans are 1 the entire route of flight for an upcoming trip can be created and stored prior to departure to reduce workload while enroute and 2 the routes for freguently made trips need to be created just once and may then be recalled as reguired for later use The following rules and considerations apply to KLN 90B flight plans e The KLN 90B is capable of storing in its memory 25 flight plans plus an active flight plan Each of the flight plans may contain up to 30 waypoints These way points may consist of any combination of published waypoints from the database or user created waypoints The flight plans a
65. s on the Direct To page is chosen by the KLN 90B according to the fol lowing rules 1 Ifthe Flight Plan O page is displayed on the left side and the cursor is over one of the waypoint identifiers in Flight Plan 0 when Hl is pressed then that waypoint identifier will appear on the Direct To page You will appreciate this feature when you learn to use flight plans in section 13 0 OPERATING FROM THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN 2 If the scanning feature of the Super NAV 5 page is used as described in section 5 7 then the waypoint displayed on the Direct To page will be the waypoint in the scan window when Hl was pressed 12 If this condition isn t occurring then 3 If there is any waypoint page APT 1 8 page VOR page NDB page INT page SUP page or ACT page in view on the right side when Hl is pressed then the Direct To page will contain the identifier for the way point page being viewed on the right side If neither of the conditions above are occurring then 4 When Mf is pressed the waypoint identifier for the current active waypoint will be displayed 5 If there is no active waypoint when Hl is pressed then the Direct To page displays blanks For there not to be an active waypoint there can be no Direct To waypoint and no waypoints in Flight Plan 0 The application of rules 1and 2 are described in section 13 4 Combining Direct To And Flight Plan Operation With the other in mind here are three procedures f
66. s an alternative you can also enter the approximate latitude and longitude of your present position directly on the SET 1 page instead of entering a waypoint identifier Use the left outer knob to position the cursor over CONFIRM if it is not there already Press Hil NOTE The groundspeed KT and heading fields are not used for actual initialization in an aircraft However if the KLN 90B is in the take home mode entering a groundspeed will allow the KLN 90B to fly along the active flight plan or to a direct to waypoint starting from the initialization waypoint A heading may be entered in the initial heading field while in the take home mode if the one offered is not desired If the take home mode is used remember to re initialize the KLN 90B to the aircraft s location before re installing it back in the aircraft e Use the left knobs to select the NAV 2 page When the KLN 90B reaches the NAV ready status and is therefore able to navigate the NAV 2 page will display the present position Verify that the latitude and longi tude or the VOR radial and distance display of present position are cor rect 4 0 DIRECT TO NAVIGATION The WEE button is used to initiate Direct To navigation navigation from the aircrafts present position direct to a selected waypoint When Hl is pressed the Direct To page is displayed on the left side with a flashing cursor over a waypoint identifier The waypoint identifier which appear
67. sists of the nine nearest airports to your present position The nearest list is positioned in front of the complete list That is you must scan backwards through the complete list to reach the nearest list This is easy to do because the faster the knob is turned the larger the step is made through the list You will know when you have reached the nearest list because the top right portion of the waypoint page will flash the relative position of the waypoint to the present position NR 1 indicates the nearest As you scan clockwise from NR 1 NR 2 NR 3 NR 9 the next scan position is the beginning of the complete list Waypoint pages displayed in the nearest list do not contain a latitude and longitude position as they do in the complete list Instead the bearing and distance to the waypoint are displayed In addition nearest airport pages display the length surface and lighting of the longest runway Once the nearest airport is being displayed the other airport pages APT 2 APT 8 for that airport are available for display by making sure the right inner knob is pressed in and then turning it to select the desired airport page The procedure above is for viewing the nearest airports but it is equally applicable to VORs and NDBs except that either VOR or NDB waypoint types are selected in the first step 9 2 Nearest Airports In An Emergency In the event of an emergency a special procedure exists to very quickly get to the beginni
68. so that the aural alarm is heard through the aircraft s speaker 49 and headphones Or the KLN 90B may be interfaced with an external tone generator installed in the aircraft In order to use altitude alerting the KLN 90B must have an altitude input If the altitude input is from an altitude encoder or from an air data com puter not having a baro altitude output then it will be necessary for you to manually input the proper altimeter setting in order to get accurate alerting Remember the altitude coming from an encoder is pressure alti tude and must be corrected with the proper altimeter setting to convert to actual altitude This altimeter setting is easily accomplished by entering the altimeter baro setting on the Altitude page Press Hl to display the Altitude page Use the left knobs to make the altimeter baro setting Press Hl again to return to the pages previously being displayed It s so easy you have no excuses for not keeping the baro setting updated CAUTION The altitude alerting feature will only be accurate if the altimeter baro correction is kept updated If altitude alerting is used it is a good idea to update the altimeter baro set on the ALT page each time you make a change to the aircraft s altimeter setting The volume of the aural alarm tone is changeable on the SET 9 page Press the left Hl to activate the left cursor and use the left inner and outer knobs to select a desired value between 00 and 99 Increasing
69. t Page There are some waypoints in the database whose identifiers are not unique That is more than one waypoint has the same identifier When a waypoint identifier has been entered which is not unique to a single way point a Duplicate Waypoint page appears on the left side The Duplicate Waypoint page is used to select which of the waypoints having the same identifier is actually desired The waypoint identifier is displayed on the top left of the page To the right of the identifier is the number of 9 waypoints in the database having the identifier Below the identifier is a list of the waypoint types APT VOR NDB INT SUP and the associated countries which use the identifier To see an ekample of a Duplicate Waypoint page perform the following steps Press Hi e Turn the left inner knob to select the letter D as a waypoint identifier D is the full identifier of several waypoints in the KLN 90B database Press WE The Duplicate Waypoint page will be displayed on the left side At the time of this writing there were ten waypoints in the database having the identifier D As in this example if there are more than four waypoints having the same identifier only the first four are initially shown The list includes an NDB in Canada an NDB in Cuba an NDB in the United States and an NDB in Libya The cursor will be over the first way point listed They are listed with the waypoint closest to the aircraft s pre s
70. t page The name or identifier of the supplemental waypoint e The position of the supplemental waypoint expressed in terms of a radial and distance from a nearby VOR It takes a few seconds for the VOR ident radial and distance to be calculated and displayed The latitude and longitude of the supplemental waypoint In addition the user may enter the identifier of another nearby waypoint in the REF field and the page will compute and display the radial and dis tance from the nearby waypoint to the supplemental waypoint This infor mation is not stored with the Supplemental Waypoint page and is lost when leaving the page 32 9 0 NEAREST AIRPORTS VORS AND NDBS 9 1 Viewing The Nearest Airports VORs And NDBs The KLN 90B computes the nine nearest airports the nine nearest VORs and the nine nearest NDBs to the aircraft s present position There is no nearest list for intersection and supplemental waypoints To view the nearest airports e Rotate the right outer knob to select the airport APT types Pull the right inner knob to the out position e Rotate the right inner knob counterclockwise to initially scan through a complete list of all airport identifiers backward in alphabetical order There are actually two waypoint scan lists These two lists are the com plete list and the nearest list The complete list contains all of the air port waypoints in the database The nearest list con
71. table for navigation Note if the unit is in the take home mode it has been tricked into thinking it is receiving signals and therefore the symbol can be displayed Also the amp symbol will not be displayed if Direct To navigation is occurring If in doubt as to whether or not Direct To opera tion is occurring view the NAV 1 page If the top line shows the P gt symbol instead of a from waypoint then Direct To navigation is occur ring If it is desired to cancel the Direct To operation and operate from the active flight plan press HM then press HM then press Hl As flight plan waypoints are reached the active leg symbol automatically orients itself on the next leg If the flight plan contains more waypoints than can be displayed on the screen at one time the page will automatically scroll as progress is made along the flight plan so that the active leg is always displayed The last waypoint in the flight plan is always displayed at the bottom of the FPL 0 page even if all of the waypoints in the flight plan can t be dis played on the page at one time To view intermediate waypoints turn the left cursor function on and use the left outer Knob to manually scroll through all of the waypoints as desired If scrolling is performed all the way to the end of the flight plan a blank waypoint position will exist so that a waypoint may be added to the end of the flight plan 43 13 2 Turn Anticipation And Waypoint Alerti
72. tep will be to enter the identi fier of an existing waypoint into this field Rotate the right inner knob to select the first character of the reference waypoint Use the right outer knob to position the cursor and the right inner knob to select the characters so that the entire identifier for the reference way point is displayed Press Hl to see the waypoint page for the reference waypoint just entered Press Hl again to approve this waypoint page The waypoint page being created will return with the cursor over the dashes to the right of RAD 36 Use the right inner and outer knobs to select the radial from the refer ence waypoint The radial may be selected to the nearest tenth of a degree Press MM The cursor will move to the dashes to the right of DIS Use the right inner and outer knobs to select the distance The distance may be selected to the nearest tenth of a nautical mile Press Hl The latitude and longitude is calculated and displayed The user defined waypoint is now created NOTE Entering the reference waypoint radial and distance is done only to define the user waypoint s latitude and longitude position The refer ence waypoint radial and distance are not stored as part of the user way point As soon as another page is viewed on the right side these parame ters are lost If the SUP page for this user waypoint is displayed at a later time the radial and distance fro
73. ter this the first time you use altitude alerting The recom mended warn altitude is 300 feet 5 Enter the selected altitude one digit at a time in the SEL field of the NAV 4 page by using the right outer knob to position the cursor over the desired digit and the right inner knob to change the digits until the entire selected altitude is displayed Only the selected altitude field SEL and the indicated altitude IND of the NAV 4 page are used for altitude alerting The rest of the NAV 4 page is used for vertical navigation which is described in section 5 2 on the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide 6 Press Hl to return to the pages previously being displayed 7 The aural alarm activates as follows e 1000 feet prior to reaching the selected altitude alert by three short tones Upon reaching the selected altitude alert by two short tones e Deviating above or below the selected altitude by more than the warn altitude alert by four short tones NOTE Due to the resolution of the altitude input it may be necessary to descend slightly below or climb slightly above the selected altitude before the two tones are activated indicating that the selected altitude has been reached This selected altitude alert must be activated to arm the system for providing the altitude deviation alert The KLN 90B can provide the aural alarm tones in either of two ways it may be connected to an audio input of an audio amplifier contained in an audio panel
74. ter to the far right of the identifier designates the type of waypoint A airport V VOR N NDB intersection S supplemental or T Terminal see KLN 90B Pilot s Guide For VOR s having DME capability the letter D is displayed between the VOR identifier and the V To view the other way points in the flight plan pull the right inner knob to the out position and turn it to view each of the waypoints in the order they are contained in the flight plan For airport waypoints the right inner knob may be pushed back to the in position and rotated to display any of the six airport pages Pulling the knob back out will allow further scanning of the waypoint pages in the active flight plan 13 4 Combining Direct To And Flight Plan Operation It is very common when using flight plan operation to use the Direct To function to proceed directly to a waypoint which exists in the flight plan For example after takeoff it is very normal to receive radar vectors in the terminal area and then be given a clearance direct to the first point in the flight plan that was filed The KLN 90B makes this kind of operation very easy to accomplish Whenever you do a Direct To operation to a way point which is in the active flight plan FPL 0 the system will provide navi gation to the waypoint and then automatically resume navigation along the flight plan when the Direct To waypoint is reached Waypoints which exist prior to the Direct To waypoint
75. the Power Brightness knob to select the desired screen brightness After a few moments the Turn On page will automatically be replaced with the Self Test page The Self Test page is recognizable because it shows the date and time on the right side Note If the unit is in the take home mode a page stating that the unit is in the Take Home mode will appear before the Self Test page Press W to acknowledge the state ment and to bring up the Self Test page e Verify that the information shown on the left side of the Self Test page is correct and that ANNUN ON is displayed in the bottom left corner If TEST FAIL is displayed the KLN 90B has failed an internal self test and should not be used for navigation If the KLN 90B is interfaced with the left right deviation bar D Bar of an HSI or CDI the D Bar should be half scale to the right In some installations where the KLN 90B is interfaced with certain EFIS systems the D bar will be about one third scale to the right If interfaced to a compatible RMI the RMI should be pointing to 130 degrees If interfaced to a compatible DME indicator the DME indi cator should display 34 5 nm If necessary refer to the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide for more information The KLN 90B stores the correct time date and last location of the aircraft in memory If any of these parameters are not correct then the GPS receiver in the KLN 90B will automatically enter a mode in which it can determine this information
76. time is used be sure to add 12 if the time is after 1 00 P M 2 30 P M becomes 14 30 Next turn the right outer knob one step clockwise to position the flashing part of the cursor over the first minutes position Turn the right inner knob to select the correct value Turn the right outer knob one more step clockwise to position the flashing part of the cursor over the second minutes position The right inner knob is now used to finalize the time selection When the correct time has been entered press Hl to start the clock running e Turn the right outer knob clockwise to position the cursor over the first two digits of the altimeter baro set field if the cursor is not there already The last KLN 90B baro setting entered is displayed NOTE The KLN 90B will use an altitude input from an altitude encoder or air data computer Since the altitude from these devices is usually pres sure altitude altimeter baro correction is required to ensure maximum accuracy This altitude input is used for altitude related features of the KLN 90B Therefore it is important to keep the altimeter baro setting updated on the Self Test page when power is first applied to the KLN 90B and on the Altitude page each time a new baro correction is made to the aircraft s altimeter The altimeter baro setting may be changed at a later time from inches to millibars or vice versa on the SET 7 page The altimeter baro set field will not be a cursor field if the KLN 90B is i
77. to select Otherwise track up display is usually preferred for use in flight However the track up display is only usable when the aircraft is moving 2 knots or more 18 In both the North up format and the desired track up format the aircraft s position is depicted by a diamond In the actual track up format and the heading up format the aircraft s position is depicted by an aircraft symbol The range scale is displayed in the lower right corner of the NAV 5 page The range scale indicates the distance from the aircraft s position the dia mond or aircraft symbol to the top of the screen Range scale selections from 1 NM to 1000 NM may be made by pressing the appropriate Hl and turning the appropriate inner knob When the NAV 5 page is displayed on the left side of the screen and any selected waypoint page is displayed on the right side the location of the selected waypoint is indicated by a on the NAV 5 page Of course the display scale must be chosen which allows the selected waypoint to be displayed 5 7 The Super NAV 5 Page The Super NAV 5 page provides you with a true moving map display of your present position and route of flight in relation to nearby navaids and airports The Super NAV 5 page is displayed by selecting the NAV 5 page on both the left and right sides at the same time The Super NAV 5 page has a unique format unlike any other KLN 90B page This is done so that you get the maximum amount of screen dedic
78. ures you will want to learn to use which are not cov ered in this manual Some of these features include e Non precision approach operations SID STAR selection and use e Database coverage areas e RAIM prediction Finding waypoints when the identifier isn t known by entering the name or city Trip planning e VNAV operation Displaying the nearest FSS and frequency Displaying the ARTCC and frequency for the aircraft s present position e Creating Reference waypoints e Creating ARTCC Center waypoints e Pressure and density altitude calculations e True airspeed TAS calculations e Wind speed and direction calculations e Updating the database using a laptop computer e Using the Height Above Airport feature e Displaying sunrise and sunset for any waypoint Other mode of operation OBS e Viewing the status of the GPS satellites e Sample trips And much more 52 Honeywell Aerospace Business and General Aviation Honeywell International Inc One Technology Center 23500 West 105th Street Olathe KS 66061 Telephone 913 712 0400 FAX 913 712 1302 www honeywell com 006 08774 0000 Rev 1 06 97 2000 2006 Honeywell International Inc Honeywell
79. utical charts do not display a compass rose around them for orientation purposes The second format is in latitude and longitude 5 4 The Navigation 3 Page NAV 3 The NAV 3 page displays additional supplementary navigation informa tion With the KLN 90B in the normal enroute leg mode it displays the fol lowing e Desired track DTK which is the great circle course between two way points The CDI displayed on the NAV 1 page is referenced to this DTK e Actual track TK which is the aircrafts present track over the ground Cross track error correction This is a text means of indicating how far and which direction to get back on course It is consistent with the ver tical deviation bar displayed on the NAV 1 page FLY L 2 7 NM means fly left 2 7 nautical miles to get on course e Minimum Safe Altitude for present position MSA IMPORTANT refer to the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide to understand the clearance provided by this altitude e Minimum Enroute Safe Altitude from present position to destination ESA IMPORTANT refer to the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide to understand the clearance provided by this altitude 5 5 The Navigation 4 Page NAV 4 The NAV 4 page is used for advisory vertical navigation VNAV and for altitude alerting Vertical navigation operation is described in the KLN 90B Pilot s Guide and altitude alerting is described in section 14 0 5 6 The Navigation 5 Page NAV 5 The NAV 5 page provides
80. will then be displayed followed by the last waypoint in the flight plan Rotate the left outer knob to move the cursor and manu ally scroll to see the missing intermediate waypoints Press the left HM to turn off the left cursor function Additional flight plans may now be created in the same manner 12 2 Activating A Numbered Flight Plan To activate one of the previously created numbered flight plans Use the left outer knob to select the flight plan FPL type pages Rotate the left inner knob to select the desired flight plan e Press the left Hl to enable the left cursor function The cursor will appear over USE If you haven t left the numbered flight plan page 40 since creating this flight plan rotate the left outer knob all the way coun terclockwise to position the cursor over USE Press Hl to activate the flight plan in the order shown To activate the flight plan in inverse order first waypoint becomes last and last waypoint becomes first rotate the left outer knob one step clockwise to position the cursor over USE INVRT before pressing Hl e The selected flight plan is now displayed as FPL 0 the active flight plan Any changes made to FPL 0 will not affect how this flight plan is stored as the numbered flight plan 12 3 Adding A Waypoint To A Flight Plan A waypoint may be added to any flight plan containing fewer than 30 way points To add a waypoint to a flight plan Press the left Hl to enab
81. wise and NAV 1 will be displayed Some types of pages such as VOR only have one page Turning the inner knob while it is in the in position will have no effect on the VOR page type and other types of pages having only one page If all of the information to be displayed won t fit on a specific page a sign is used to indicate that there is additional information of the same kind available for viewing The inner knob is turned to see the additional information but the name and number of the page doesn t change For example it is not uncommon to see APT 4 The APT 4 page always dis plays the communications frequencies for the selected airport If all of the frequencies don t fit on one page there will be two or more APT 4 pages used to display all of the frequencies The eight page types for the left side are the following Page Annunciation Knob Annunciation Page Name Page Numbers TRI TRIP Trip Planning 0 6 MOD MODE Mode 1 2 FPL FPL Flight Plan 0 25 NAV NAV Navigation 1 5 CAL CALC Calculator 1 7 STA STAT Status 1 4 SET SETUP Setup 0 9 OTH OTHER Other 0 4 up to 10 with fuel management system and air data interfaces The ten page types for the right side are the following Page Annunciation Knob Annunciation Page Name Page Numbers CTR CTR Center Wot 1 2 REF REF Reference Wot None ACT ACTV Active Wot AN D T D T Distance Time 1 4 NAV NAV Navigation 1 5 APT APT Airport Wpt 1 8 VOR VOR VOR Wht None
82. y over means that for some reason the governing agencies have decided that it is important to fly directly over the waypoint instead of being able to cut the corner by using turn anticipation see section 13 2 In these cases the KLN 90B will present a waypoint type identification page Simply select the way in which the waypoint is intended to be used with the left outer knob and press W If the SID STAR choice is selected the KLN 90B will disable turn anticipation for that waypoint if previously enabled The KLN 90B will enable turn anticipation after the waypoint has been passed if turn anticipation was previously enabled If en route is selected then normal turn anticipation occurs Use the same procedure to enter the rest of the waypoints in the flight plan If the flight plan consists of five or more waypoints the waypoints will automatically scroll as necessary to allow entry of the next waypoint e When all of the waypoints have been entered in the flight plan the left outer knob may be rotated to move the cursor up and down and manu ally scroll through the waypoints making up this flight plan This is useful if the flight plan contains six or more waypoints since not all of the waypoints can be displayed at one time When the left outer knob is rotated to the full counterclockwise position the cursor will be positioned over USE If there are more than five waypoints in the flight plan the first four waypoints
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