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Gateway ULTRA2 User's Manual

1. Connector A 68 position panel mount receptacle with 4 40 holes female AMP 786096 7 NOTE To convert to 2 56 holes use screwlock kit 749087 1 749087 2 or 750644 1 from AMP Connector B 68 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Cable Flat Ribbon or Twisted Pair Flat Cable 68 Conductor 0 025 Centerline 30 AWG O000000000000000000000000000000000 O000000000000000000000000000000000 B Cont d Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 85 68 Pin High Density Connectors Continued Converting Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 2 The cable assembly for converting internal wide SCSI connectors to internal non wide SCSI connectors is shown below 68 POSITION 50 POSITION CONNECTOR CONNECTOR CONTACT NUMBER CONTACT NUMBER 6 c s 1 40 ce gt s 2 7 e i 3 41 e ____________e 4 49 e gt s 20 16 e o 21 50 e_ ___ 22 17 OPEN 23 51 OPEN 24 18 OPEN 25 52 e o 26 19 e__ _ _ _ __ 27 29 e d 47 63 ce gt e 48 30 __________e 49 64 _______ 50 TABLE 1 CONNECTOR CONTACT CONNECTION FOR WIDE TO NON WIDE CONVERSION pint
2. Se 4 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 2 Introduction to RAID RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks is an array of multiple independent hard disk drives that provide high performance and fault tolerance A RAID disk subsystem improves I O performance over a computer using only a single drive The RAID array appears to the host computer as a single storage unit or as multiple logical units I O is expedited because several disks can be accessed simultaneously RAID systems improve data storage reliability and fault tolerance compared to single drive computers Data loss because of a disk drive failure can be recovered by reconstructing missing data from the remaining data and parity drives RAID Benefits Improved I O RAID has gained popularity because it improves I O performance and increases storage subsystem reliability RAID provides data security through fault tolerance and redundant data storage The ADAC Ultra2 S466 management software configures and monitors RAID disk arrays Although disk drive capabilities have improved drastically actual performance has improved only three to four times in the last decade Computing performance has improved over 50 times during the same time period Increased Reliability The electromechanical components of a disk Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID subsystem operate more slowly require more power and generate more noise and vibration than electronic devices
3. FEWER A Cr TI ii II pin 1 y ll nan B ponnn AN TT HN TB HTT AA mH WA SOC OO Ges e eee ooo ESE EE EES EEE EES B Connector A 68 position plug male AMP 749925 5 Connector B 50 position IDC receptacle female AMP 499252 4 1 746285 0 1 746288 0 Wire Twisted Pair Flat Cable or Laminated Discrete Wire Cable 25 pair 0 050 centerline 28 AWG 86 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Cont d 68 Pin High Density Connectors Continued Converting Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 30 The cable assembly for connecting internal wide SCSI devices to internal non wide SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 Sq 0000000000000000000000000 000000000 0000000000000000000000000 000000000 pin 1 i FEET O000000000000000000000000 Connector A 68 position plug male AMP 749925 5 Connector B 50 position plug male AMP 749925 3 Wire Twisted Pair Flat Cable or Laminated Discrete Wire Cable 25 pair 0 050 centerline 28 AWG Cont d Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 87 68 Pin High Density Connectors Continued Converting from Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 3 The cable assembly for connecting internal wide SCSI devices to internal non wide Type 3 SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 i OOD00000000000000000000000000000000 A QOO00000
4. 76 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Other BIOS Error Messages Message Following SCSI disk not found and no empty slot available for The physical disk roaming feature did not find the physical disk with the displayed SCSI ID No slot is available to map Suggested Solution Reconfigure the array mapping it the physical drive ADAC cannot resolve the physical drives into the current configuration Following SCSI The physical drive roaming Remove the drive or drives IDs have the feature found the same data on that should not be used same data y z Channel x a b c two or more physical drive on channel x with SCSI IDs a b and c ADAC cannot determine the drive that has the duplicate information Unresolved configuration mismatch between disks and NVRAM on the adapter The configuration stored in the ADAC NVRAM does not match the configuration stored on the drives Press a key to run ADAC Configuration Manager Choose View Add Configuration from the Configure menu Use View Add Configuration to examine both the configuration in NVRAM and the configuration stored on the disk drives Resolve the problem by selecting one of the configurations Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 77 DOS ASPI Driver Error Messages Message Corrective Action Gateway Inc ASPI Manager The ASPI manager is not loaded One of the failure has NOT been loaded _codes listed below is di
5. Ground 11 DI 2 45 DB 5 Ground 12 23 24 46 DB 6 Ground 13 25 26 47 DB 7 Ground 14 237 28 48 DB P Ground 15 29 30 49 SWAP L Ground 16 31 32 50 SHELF_OK TERMPWR 17 33 34 51 TERMPWR TERMPWR 18 35 36 52 TERMPWR Reserved 19 37 l 38 53 Reserved Ground 20 39 40 54 FAULT_CLK H Ground 21 4 42 55 ATN Ground 22 43 4 56 FAULT_DATA H Ground 23 45 46 57 BSY Ground 24 4 48 58 ACK Ground 25 49 50 59 RST Ground 26 5s 5 60 MSG Ground 27 53 54 61 SEL Ground 28 55 56 62 C D Ground 29 57 58 63 REQ Ground 30 59 60 64 I O Ground 31 61 62 65 DB 8 Ground 32 63_ 64 66 DB 9 Ground 33 65 66 67 DB 10 Ground 34 67 68 68 DB 11 Cont d Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 89 68 Pin SCSI Connector Pinout Continued High Density Single Ended Connector The following applies to the high density SCSI connector table on the previous page e A hyphen before a signal name indicates that signal is active low e The connector pin refers to the conductor position when using 0 025 inch centerline flat ribbon cable with a high density connector AMPLIMITE 050 Series connectors e Eight bit devices connected to the P Cable must leave the following signals open DB 8 DB 9 DB 10 DB 11 DB 12 DB 13 DB 14 DB 15 and DB P1 e Al
6. 7 Troubleshooting Problem The system hangs during the boot process after installation The system hangs during the boot process after installation Some operating systems do not load in a computer with a ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapter One of the hard drive in the array fails often Pressed lt Ctrl gt lt M gt Ran ADAConf exe and tried to make a new configuration The system hangs when scanning devices Multiple drives connected to ADAC Ultra2 S466 using the same power supply There is a problem spinning the drives all at once Pressing lt Ctrl gt lt M gt or running ADAConf exe does not display the Management Menu At system power up with the ADAC Ultra2 S466 installed the screen display is garbled or does not appear at all Cannot flash or update the EEPROM Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Suggested Solution Make sure the SCSI BIOS on the motherboard has been disabled Make sure the ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapter card is installed in the proper PCI expansion slot It must be installed in the RAID Upgrade PCI slot Check the system BIOS configuration for PCI interrupt assignments Make sure some Interrupts are assigned for PCI Initialize the logical drive before installing the operating system Check the drive error counts using Power Console Plus Format the drive Rebuild the drive If the drive continues to fail replace the drive with another drive with the same capacity Check the drives ID
7. These factors reduce the reliability of data stored on disks In This Chapter The following topics are discussed Major Topic Host based solution page 7 RAID overview page 8 Consistency check page 8 Fault tolerance page 8 Disk striping page 9 Disk spanning page 10 Disk mirroring page 11 Parity page 12 Hot spares page 13 Disk rebuilds page 14 RAID levels page 19 Selecting a RAID level page 20 RAID 0 page 21 RAID 1 page 22 RAID 3 page 23 RAID 5 page 25 RAID 10 page 26 RAID 30 page 27 RAID 50 page 28 6 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide ADAC Ultra2 S466 Host Based RAID Solution Host Based SCSI to SCSI RAID products are either e host based or e SCSI to SCSI The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller is a host based RAID solution ADAC Ultra2 S466 is a PCI adapter card that is installed in any available PCI expansion slot in a host system A host based RAID product puts all of the RAID intelligence on an adapter card that is installed in a network server A host based RAID product provides the best performance ADAC Ultra2 S466 is part of the file server so it can transmit data directly across the computer s buses at data transfer speeds up to 132 MB s The available sequential data transfer rate is determined by the following facto
8. To maintain the DOS Path statement integrity get a drive assignment 74 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide BIOS Boot Error Messages Message Adapter BIOS Disabled No Logical Drives Handled by BIOS The ADAC Ultra2 S466 BIOS is disabled Sometimes the BIOS is disabled to prevent booting from the BIOS Problem Suggested Solution Enable the BIOS via the ADAC Ultra2 S466 BIOS Setup utility Host Adapter at Baseport xxxx Not Responding The BIOS cannot communicate with the adapter firmware Make sure ADAC Ultra2 S466 is properly installed No ADAC Ultra2 466 Adapter The BIOS cannot communicate with the adapter firmware Make sure ADAC Ultra2 S466 is properly installed Configuration of NVRAM and drives mismatch Run View Add Configuration option of Configuration Utility Press any key to run the Configuration Utility The configuration stored in the ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapter does not match the configuration stored in the drives Press a key to run ADAC Configuration Manager Choose View Add Configuration from the Configure menu Use View Add Configuration to examine both the configuration in NVRAM and the configuration stored on the disk drives Resolve the problem by selecting one of the configurations 1 Logical Drive Failed A logical drive failed to sign on Make sure all physical drives are properly connected and are powered
9. and Reporting Technology SMART detects up to 70 of all predictable drive failures SMART monitors the internal performance of all motors heads and drive electronics Configuration on Disk Configuration on Disk drive roaming saves Chapter 4 Features configuration information both in NVRAM on ADAC Ultra2 S466 and on the disk drives connected to ADAC Ultra2 S466 If ADAC Ultra2 466 is replaced the new ADAC Ultra2 466 controller can detect the actual RAID configuration maintaining the integrity of the data on each drive even if the drives have changed channel and or target ID 29 Hardware Requirements ADAC Ultra2 S466 can be installed in an IBM AT compatible or EISA computer with a motherboard that has 5 volt PCI expansion slots The computer must support PCI version 2 0 or later The computer should have an Intel Pentium Pentium Pro or more powerful CPU a floppy drive a color monitor and VGA adapter card and a keyboard A mouse is recommended Configuration Features RAID Levels 0 1 3 5 10 30 and 50 SCSI Channels 1 Maximum number of drives per channel 15 Array interface to host PCI 2 1 Fast and Wide Ultra SE and LVD 4 MB 8 MB 16 MB 32 MB 64 MB Drive interface Upgradable cache size or 128 MB Cache Function Write through write back ARA NRA RA Multiple logical drives arrays per Up to 8 log
10. on Run ADAC Configuration Manager to find out if any physical drives are not responding Reconnect replace or rebuild any drive that is not responding Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 75 Message X Logical Drives Degraded x number of logical drives signed on in a degraded state Problem Suggested Solution Make sure all physical drives are properly connected and are powered on Run ADAC Configuration Manager to find if any physical drives are not responding Reconnect replace or rebuild any drive that is not responding 1 Logical Drive Degraded A logical drive signed on in a degraded state Make sure all physical drives are properly connected and are powered on Run ADAC Configuration Manager to find out if any physical drives are not responding Reconnect replace or rebuild any drive that is not responding Insufficient memory to Not enough ADAC Ultra2 Make sure ADAC Ultra2 run BIOS Press any key S466 memory to run S466 memory has been _to continue BIOS properly installed Insufficient Memory Not enough memory on Make ADAC memory has the ADAC adapter to support the current _configuration been properly installed The following SCSI IDs are not responding Channel x a b c The physical drives with SCSIO IDs a b and c are not responding on SCSI channel x Make sure the physical drives are properly connected and are powered on
11. 10 MB s or higher synchronous data transfer Terminating Internal SCSI Disk Arrays Set the termination so that SCSI termination and termination power are intact when any disk drive is removed from a SCSI channel as shown below Host Computer Internal SCSI Drives 2 No Termination i DI MTOM di MegaRAID SCSI ID 7 Termination Enabled Cont d 62 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide SCSI Termination Continued Terminating External Disk Arrays In most array enclosures the end of the SCSI cable has an independent SCSI terminator module that is not part of any SCSI drive In this way SCSI termination is not disturbed when any drive is removed as shown below External SCSI Drives Termination enabled from last SCSI drive Terminating Internal and External Disk Arrays You can use both internal and external drives with ADAC Ultra2 S466 You still must make sure that the proper SCSI termination and termination power is preserved as shown below om iE d Pinal all oe a Termination from last drive Cont d Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 63 SCSI Termination Continued Connecting Non Disk SCSI Devices SCSI Tape drives scanners CD ROM drives and other non disk drive devices must each have a unique SCSI ID regardless of the SCSI channel they are attached to The general rule for Unix systems is e tape drive set to SCSI ID 2 and e CD ROM dr
12. controller card Step 3 Configure Motherboard Make sure the motherboard is configured correctly for ADAC Ultra2 466 ADAC Ultra2 S466 is essentially a SCSI Controller Each ADAC Ultra2 466 card you install will require an available PCI IRQ make sure an IRQ is available for each controller you install Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 55 Step 4 Install Cache Memory Important A minimum of 4 MB of cache memory is required The cache memory must be installed before ADAC Ultra2 S466 is operational Bank0 must be populated by a SIMM Fast Page Mode SIMM FPM SIMMSs are specified below The DRAM technology in the SIMM must have equal row and column size Memory Volt Speed Parity Type BBU Bank I Total Memory Type Support FPM 5V 60ns Yes Single sided No IMx36 4MB FPM 5V 60ns Yes Double sided No 2M x 36 8MB FPM 5V 60ns Yes Single sided No 4M x 36 16MB FPM_ 5V 60ns Yes Double sided No 8M x36 32 MB FPM 5V 60ns Yes Single sided No 16M x 36 64 MB FPM 5V 60ns Yes Double sided No 32Mx36 128 MB EDO SIMM EDO SIMMs are specified below The DRAM technology in the SIMM must have equal row and column size Memory Volt Speed Parity Type BBU Bank I Type Support EDO 5V 50ns Yes Single sided No Mx36 4MB EDO 5V 50ns Yes Double sided No 2M x 36 8MB EE No 4Mx 36 16MB Y Y EDO 5V 50ns ves Double sided N
13. is determined by the stripe size parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID set RAID 10 can sustain one to four drive failures while maintaining data integrity if each failed disk is in a different RAID 1 array RAID 10 works best for data storage that must have 100 redundancy of mirrored arrays and that also needs the enhanced I O performance of RAID 0 striped arrays RAID 10 works well for medium sized databases or any environment that requires a higher degree of fault tolerance and moderate to medium capacity RAID 10 provides both high data transfer rates and complete data redundancy RAID 10 requires twice as many drives as all other RAID levels except RAID 1 2n where n is greater than 1 Segment 1 Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 4 Segment 5 Segment 5 Segment 6 Segment 6 ars RAID ee tran jo RAID 0 26 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide RAID 30 RAID 30 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 3 RAID 30 provides high data transfer speeds and high data reliability RAID 30 is best implemented on two RAID 3 disk arrays with data striped across both disk arrays RAID 30 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then stripes the blocks of data to each RAID 3 raid set RAID 3 breaks up data into smaller blocks calculates parity by performing an exclusive or on the blocks and then writes the blocks to all but one drive in the array The pari
14. lt F2 gt after selecting a physical drive under the Physical Drive menu selected from the Objects menu A Media Error is an error that occurred while actually transferring data An Other Error is an error that occurs at the hardware level because of a device failure poor cabling bad termination signal loss etc Virtual Sizing Sizing must be enabled to increase the size of a logical drive or add a physical drive to an existing logical drive Run ADAC Configuration Manager by pressing lt Ctrl gt lt M gt to enable Virtual Sizing Select the Objects menu then select the Logical Drive menu Select View Update Parameters Set Virtual Sizing to Enabled BSD Unix We do not provide a driver for BSDI Unix ADAC Ultra2 466 does not support BSDI Unix Multiple LUNs ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports one LUN per each target ID No multiple LUN devices are supported Power Requirements The Virtual Sizing option enables RAID expansion Virtual The maximum ADAC Ultra2 466 power requirements are 15 watts at SV and 3 Amps Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 79 Topic Information SCSI Bus The ANSI specification dictates the following Requirements The maximum signal path length between terminators is 3 meters when using up to 4 maximum capacitance 25 pF devices and 1 5 meters when using more than 4 devices SCSI devices should be uniformly spaced between terminators with the end devices located as close as
15. or an experienced radio TV technician for help Shielded interface cables must be used with this product to ensure compliance with the Class B FCC limits Gateway ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller Model Number Series 466 FCC ID Number TUESER466 Preface xiii Disclaimer Gateway only certifies that this product will work correctly when this product is used with the same jumper settings the same system configuration the same memory module parts and the same peripherals that were tested by Gateway with this product The complete list of tested jumper settings system configurations peripheral devices and memory modules are documented in the Gateway Compatibility Report for this product Call your Gateway sales representative for a copy of the Compatibility Report for this product xiv ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 1 Overview The ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID controller is a high performance intelligent PCI to SCSI host adapter with RAID control capabilities The ADAC Ultra2 S466 provides reliability high performance and fault tolerant disk subsystem management The ADAC Ultra2 S466 is an entry level to mid range RAID controller solution ADAC Ultra2 S466 offers a cost effective way to implement RAID in a server The ADAC Ultra2 466 has an Ultra and Wide SCSI channel supporting data transfer rates up to 80 Megabytes per second MB s per channel The SCSI channel supports up to fifteen non Ultra SCSI devices A
16. the host motherboard Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 69 Step 11 Run ADAC BIOS Setup Press lt Ctrl gt lt M gt to run the ADAC BIOS Setup utility See the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide for information about running BIOS Setup Step 12 Install Operating System Driver The ADAC Ultra2 S466 ASPI driver can be used in the DOS and Windows 95 environments The DOS ASPI driver supports e up to six non disk SCSI devices each SCSI device must use a unique SCSI ID regardless of the SCSI channel it resides on SCSI IDs 1 through 6 are valid e upto 12 ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapters and e virtual DMA services VDS for up to eight logical drives ASPI Driver CorelSCSI Novaback and PC Tools are not provided with ADAC Ultra2 S466 Drivers Devices Supported Application Software Features ADACASPI SYS CD ROM tape CorelSCSI Novaback PC VDS optical drives etc Tools Copy ADACASPI SYS to your hard disk drive Add the following line to CONFIG SYS device lt path gt ADACASPI SYS v Parameters The ADACASPI SYS parameters are Parameter Description INT 13h support is not provided Verbose mode All message are displayed on the screen a Physical drive ccess mode Direct access to physical drives is permitted q4 Quiet mode All message except error message are suppressed Cont d 70 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 12 Install Operating System Driver Continued C
17. 000000000000000000000000000 pin 1 Ss O000000000000000000000000 B O000000000000000000000000 Connector A 68 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Connector B 50 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Wire Flat ribbon or twisted pair flat cable 50 conductor 0 025 centerline 30 AWG SCSI Cable Vendors Manufacturer Telephone Number Cables To Go Voice 800 826 7904 Fax 800 331 2841 System Connection Voice 800 877 1985 Technical Cable Concepts Voice 714 835 1081 GWC Voice 818 579 0888 SCSI Connector Vendors Manufacturer Connector Part Number Back Shell Part Number AMP 749111 4 749193 1 Fujitsu FCN 237R050 G F FCN 230C050 D E Honda PCS XESOMA PCS ESOLA 88 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide High Density 68 Pin SCSI Connector Pinout Connector Cable Cable Connector Signal Pin Pin Pin Pin Ground 1 1 2 35 DB 12 Ground 2 3 4 36 DB 13 Ground 3 5 6 37 DB 14 Ground 4 7 8 38 DB 15 Ground 5 9 10 39 DB P1 Ground 6 u 12 40 DB 0 Ground 7 13 14 41 DB 1 Ground 8 15 16 42 DB 2 Ground 9 17 18 43 DB 3 Ground 10 19 20 44 DB 4
18. 12 i960RP Initialization 60 J13 58 J15 58 Jumpers 58 on motherboard 55 L Logical Drive 15 Logical Drive States 16 M ADAC BIOS Setup 38 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Card Layout 58 ADAC Configuration Manager 38 96 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Mirroring 11 Motherboard Jumpers 55 Multi threading 37 N Nonvolatile RAM 34 Novell NetWare 33 O Offline 16 Onboard Speaker 36 Online Drive state 16 Operating Systems Supported 33 Operating Voltage 34 Optimal 16 OS 2 2 x 38 Other BIOS Error Messages 77 P Package Contents vi packing slip vi Parity 12 PCI Controller 34 Physical Array 14 Physical drive 14 Power Console Plus 38 Power Down 55 Processor 34 Product Specifications 34 R RAID Basics 5 Benefits 5 Introduction to 5 RAID 1 Spanning to configure RAID 10 10 RAID 10 Configuring 10 RAID 3 Parity disk 12 Spanning to configure RAID 30 10 RAID 30 Configuring 10 RAID 5 Spanning to make RAID 50 10 RAID 50 Configuring 10 RAID Levels 19 RAID Levels Supported 34 RAID Management 38 Ready 16 Rebuild 16 37 Rebuild Rate 14 Rebuilding a disk 14 Reconnect 37 RedAlert 40 S Scatter Gather 37 SCO Open Server R5 0x 33 SCO Unix 38 SCO UnixWare 2 1x 33 SCSI backup and utility software 40 SCSI Bus 34 36 SCSI Cables Attaching 66 SCSI Connectors 34 37 83 SCSI Controller 34 SCSI Data Transfer Rate 34 SCSI Device Compatibility 40 SCSI
19. 6 bit SCSI EST Sisal J7 SIMM Socket sl By Ju Bdy12 J10 soa Connect SCSI Devices When connecting SCSI devices Step Action 1 Disable termination on any SCSI device that does not sit at the end of the SCSI bus 2 Configure all SCSI devices to supply TermPWR Set proper target IDs TIDs for all SCSI devices 4 The cable length should not exceed three meters for Fast SCSI 10 MB s devices or single ended 1 5 meters for Ultra SCSI devices The cable length _can be up to 12 meters for LVD devices S The cable length should not exceed six meters for non Fast SCSI devices w Cont d 66 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 8 Connect SCSI Cables Continued Cable Suggestions System throughput problems can occur if SCSI cable use is not maximized You should e you can use cables up to 12 meters for LVD devices e for single ended SCSI devices use the shortest SCSI cables no more than 3 meters for Fast SCSI no more than 1 5 meters for an 8 drive Ultra SCSI system and no more than 3 meters for a 6 drive Ultra SCSI system e use active termination e avoid clustering the cable nodes e cable stub length should be no more than 0 1 meter 4 inches e route SCSI cables carefully e use high impedance cables e do not mix cable types choose either flat or rounded and shielded or non shielded and e ribbon cables have fairly good cross talk re
20. AC Ultra2 S466 controller uses read ahead caching by default You can disable read ahead caching ADAC Ultra2 S466 BIOS The BIOS resides on a 1 MB x 8 flash ROM for easy upgrade The ADAC Ultra2 466 BIOS supports INT 13h calls to boot DOS without special software or device drivers The ADAC Ultra2 466 BIOS provides an extensive setup utility that can be accessed by pressing lt Ctrl gt lt M gt at BIOS initialization ADAC BIOS Setup is described in the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide Chapter 4 Features 35 Onboard Speaker The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller has an onboard tone generator for audible warnings when system errors occur Audible warnings can be generated through this speaker The audible warnings are listed on page 93 Serial Port ADAC Ultra2 S466 includes a 9 pin RS232C compatible serial port berg connector which can connect to communications devices SCSI Bus ADAC Ultra2 S466 has a Fast and Wide SCSI channel that supports both LVD and single ended devices with active termination Synchronous and asynchronous devices are supported ADAC Ultra2 466 provides automatic termination disable via cable detection The SCSI channel supports up to 15 wide or seven non wide SCSI devices at speeds up to 80 MB s ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports up to six non disk devices per controller 36 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide SCSI Connectors ADAC Ultra2 S466 has two types of SCSI connectors e a68 p
21. ADAC Ultra2 S466 Single Ended and Low Voltage Differential SCSI PCI RAID Controller Hardware Guide 8503624 A MAN US ADAC U2 S466 GDE RO 8 14 98 Copyright 1998 Gateway Inc All rights reserved This publication contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright No part of this publication can be reproduced transcribed stored in a retrieval system translated into any language or computer language or transmitted in any form whatsoever without the prior written consent of the publisher Gateway Inc Gateway Inc acknowledges the following trademarks Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation MS DOS and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Windows 95 Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation SCO UnixWare and Unix are registered trademarks of the Santa Cruz Operation Inc Novell NetWare is a registered trademark of Novell Corporation IBM AT VGA PS 2 and OS 2 are registered trademarks and XT and CGA are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation NEC is a registered trademark of Nippon Electric Corporation Hewlett Packard is a registered trademark of Hewlett Packard Corporation Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens Corporation AMP is a trademark of AMP Corporation Revision History 6 8 98 Initial release ii ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Table of Contents 1 QVEFVIOW sica rincari 1 Single Ende
22. D ROM Driver A device driver is provided with ADAC Ultra2 S466 for CD ROM drives operating under DOS Windows 3 x and Windows 95 The driver filename is ADACDROM SYS The ADACASPI SYS ASPI manager must be added to the CONFIG SYS file before you can install the CD ROM device driver See the instructions on the previous page for adding the ADACASPI SYS driver Copy ADACDROM SYS to the root directory of the C drive Add the following line to CONFIG SYS making sure it is preceded by the line for ADACASPI SYS DEVICE C ADACDROM SYS Add the following to AUTOEXEC BAT Make sure it precedes the SMARTDRV EXE line MSCDEX D MSCD001 MSCDEX is the CD ROM drive extension file that is supplied with MS DOS and PC DOS Version 5 0 or later See your DOS manual for the command line parameters for MSCDEX Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 71 Summary This chapter discussed hardware installation Configure the RAID system via software configuration utilities See the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide for all information about ADAC Ultra2 S466 software utilities The utility programs for configuring ADAC Ultra2 466 are Configuration Utility Operating System ADAC BIOS Setup independent of the operating system ADAC Configuration DOS Manager SCO UNIX SVR3 2 Novell NetWare 3 x 4 x SCO UnixWare Power Console Plus Microsoft Windows NT Windows 95 72 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide
23. DAC Ultra2 S466 Features ADAC Ultra2 S466 features SCSI Channel e provides a high performance I O migration path while preserving existing PCI SCSI software Performs SCSI data transfers up to 80 MB s performs synchronous operation on a wide LVD SCSI bus allows up to 15 LVD SCSI devices on the wide bus includes an Intel i960RP that performs RAID calculations and routing and supports 4 8 16 32 64 or 128 MB of Fast Page Mode or EDO DRAM cache memory in a SIMM socket used for read and write back caching and RAID 5 parity generation The ADAC Ultra2 S466 upgrade card includes one Fast 20 SCSI channel The channel is powered by a Symbios Logic 53C895 Fast 40 SCSI processor NVRAM and Flash ROM A 32 KB x 8 NVRAM stores RAID system configuration information The ADAC Ultra2 466 firmware is stored in flash ROM for easy upgrade SCSI Connectors ADAC Ultra2 S466 has one ultra high density 68 pin Chapter 1 Overview external connector for external storage subsystem and one high density 68 pin internal connector Single Ended and Differential SCSI Buses The SCSI standard defines two electrical buses e a single ended bus and e low voltage differential bus Maximum Cable Length for SCSI Standards Single ended LVD Maximum Number of Drives SCSI I 6m 12m 7 Fast SCSI 6m 12m 7 Fast Wide SCSI 6m 12m 15 Ulrascsi 15m 12m 7 Ultra SCSI 3
24. Device Types Supported 34 SCSI Drive State 16 SCSI Firmware 37 SCSI Termination 34 37 62 Set 61 SCSI to SCSI 17 SCSI to SCSI RAID Product 7 Serial Port 36 Index Serial port connector 58 Server Management 40 Set SCSI Termination 61 SIMM Specifications 56 SIMMs 57 SLED 5 SMART Technology 29 SNMP agent 40 SNMP managers 40 Software Based 17 Spanning 10 Standby rebuild 14 Stripe Size 37 Stripe Width 9 System Connection 90 T Tagged Command Queuing 37 Target identifiers Setting 67 Technical Cable Concepts 90 Technical Support vi Termination Disable 34 Troubleshooting 73 U UnixWare 38 Unpack 55 W Windows NT 33 97 98 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide
25. Management FeatureSs ii 32 Fault Tolerance Features 32 Contents iii Software UtilitieS erre rire 33 Operating System Software Drivers n 33 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Specifications ie 34 PCI Bridge CPU wie evan cient aslinegidasuniatnns 35 Cache Memory ira iaia 35 ADAC Ultra2 S466 BIOS ii 35 Onboard Speaker i 36 Serial Po ti see eet Beales Mice eae ee a ay 36 SCSI Bus alice alla sioni 36 SESTECONNECtOrS tiratore lai 37 SCSI Terminations sssri esene lia nana 37 SCSI Firmwares sanen tea e alain 37 RAID Management nato 38 Fault Tolerance Features ii 39 Compatibility i 40 Summary ii la iolis lle e dete he 40 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 41 Configuring SCSI Physical Drives i 41 Current Configuration i 42 Logical Drive Configuration ii 42 Physical Device LayoUt i 43 Configuring ArraySs urias lile Quan das glad 45 Configuration Strategies iii 46 Assigning RAID LevelS 48 Configuring Logical DrIVves i 48 Optimizing Data Storage i 49 Planning the Array Configuration in 50 Array Configuration Planner n 51 6 Hardware Installation rrrrrrrerienieniine 53 Checklist cccr
26. SI cables and terminators as needed Make sure Pin 1 on the cable matches Pin 1 on the connector Make sure that the SCSI cables you use conform to all SCSI specifications 6 Perform a safety check Make sure all cables are properly attached Make sure the ADAC card is properly installed Turn power on after completing the safety check i Install and configure the ADAC software utilities and drivers 9 Configure system drives logical drives 10 Initialize the logical drives Q Q U 8 Format the hard disk drives as needed Q Q U 11 Install the network operating system drivers as needed Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 53 Installation Steps Additional Information 1 ADAC Ultra2 S466 provides extensive customization options If you need only basic ADAC Ultra2 466 features and your computer does not use other adapter cards with resource settings that may conflict with ADAC Ultra2 S466 settings even custom installation can be quick and easy Unpack the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller If damaged call your and inspect for damage Make sure all Gateway OEM support items are in the package representative 2 Turn the computer off and remove the cover 3 Make sure the motherboard jumper settings are correct 4 Install cache memory on the ADAC Ultra2 4 MB minimum cache S466 card memory is required 5 Check the jumper settings o
27. Statement This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Warning Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a specific installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures 1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected 4 Consult the dealer
28. T B an2 e 4 ATS 5 A e D D As Presented to the Operating System D LUN Device D 0 0 Disk A1 X 1 0 1 Disk A2 X 2 0 2 Disk A3 X 3 0 3 Disk A4 X 4 0 4 Disk A5 X 5 0 5 Disk A6 X 6 0 6 Disk A7 X 0 7 Disk A8 X 68 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 10 Power Up Replace the computer cover and reconnect the AC power cords Turn power on to the host computer Set up the power supplies so that the SCSI devices are powered up at the same time as or before the host computer If the computer is powered up before a SCSI device the device might not be recognized During boot the ADAC Ultra2 466 BIOS message appears ADAC Ultra2 S466 Disk Array Adapter BIOS Version x xx date Firmware Initializing Scanning SCSI Device etc The firmware takes several seconds to initialize During this time the adapter will scan the SCSI channel When ready the following appears Host Adapter 1 Firmware Version x xx DRAM Size 4 MB 0 Logical Drives found on the Host Adapter 0 Logical Drives handled by BIOS Press lt Ctrl gt lt M gt to run ADAC Ultra2 S466 BIOS Configuration Utility The lt Ctrl gt lt M gt utility prompt times out after several seconds The ADAC Ultra2 S466 host adapter controller number firmware version and cache DRAM size are displayed in the second portion of the BIOS message The numbering of the controllers follows the PCI slot scanning order used by
29. a ia Piani Roli Loculi tease a 53 Installation Steps oss 5cscesscesssistes ana ea nanna zato 54 Step l Unpacki a resine leale 55 Step 2 Power DOWn i 55 Step 3 Configure Motherboard iii 55 Step 4 Install Cache Memory i 56 SEP DS Set Jumper ciare ehea iR 58 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Card Layout i 58 Step 6 Set Termination i 61 SCSI Terminationi pcs criari 62 Step 7 Install ADAC Ultra2 S466 in 65 Step 8 Connect SCSI Cables iene 66 Step 9 Set Target IDS i 67 Device Identification on ADAC Ultra2 S466 68 Step 10 Power UP peene iena ene 69 iv ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 11 Run ADAC BIOS Setup eee cee ereeenee 70 Step 12 Install Operating System Driver eee 70 SUMMA iti lava oa 72 7 Troubleshooting 0020 1000111 73 BIOS Boot Error Messages iii 75 Other BIOS Error Messages ie 77 DOS ASPI Driver Error Messages n 78 Other Potential Problems i 79 A SCSI Cables and Connectors 83 SCST Connectors sss HA seal eel a eas 83 68 Pin High Density SCSI Internal Connector 83 High Density 68 Pin SCSI Connector Pinout 89 68 Pin Connector Pinout for LVD SCSI eee 91 B A
30. apter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 47 Assigning RAID Levels Only one RAID level can be assigned to each logical drive The drives required per RAID level is RAID Minimum Number of Maximum Number of Physical Level Physical Drives Drives 0 One 32 1 Two Two 3 Three Eight 5 Three Eight 10 four Eight 30 Six 32 50 Six 32 Configuring Logical Drives After you have installed the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller in the server and have attached all physical disk drives perform the following actions to prepare a RAID disk array Stp Aetieo _______ 1 Optimize the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller options for your system See Chapter 6 for additional information 2 Perform a low level format the SCSI drives that will be included in the array and the drives to be used for hot spares 3 Press lt Ctrl gt lt M gt to run the ADAC Configuration Manager 4 Define and configure one or more logical drives Select Easy Configuration in ADAC Configuration Manager or select New Configuration to customize the RAID array 5 Create and configure one or more system drives logical drives Select the RAID level cache policy read policy and write policy 6 Save the configuration aL Initialize the system drives After initialization you can install the operating system 48 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Optimizing Data Storage Data Access Re
31. atic through cable and device detection Devices per SCSI Up to 15 wide or seven non wide SCSI devices Up Channel to 6 non disk SCSI drives per ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller SCSI Device Types Synchronous or Asynchronous Disk and non disk Supported RAID Levels Supported 0 1 3 5 10 30 and 50 SCSI Connectors One 68 pin internal high density connector for 16 bit SCSI devices One ultra high density 68 pin external connector for Ultra and Wide SCSI Serial Port 9 pin RS232C compatible berg 34 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide PCI Bridge CPU ADAC Ultra2 S466 uses the Intel 1960RP PCI bridge with an embedded 80960JF RISC processor running at 33 MHz The RP bridge handles data transfers between the primary host PCI bus the secondary PCI bus cache memory and the SCSI bus The DMA controller supports chaining and unaligned data transfers The embedded 80960JF CPU directs all controller functions including command processing SCSI bus transfers RAID processing drive rebuilding cache management and error recovery Cache Memory ADAC Ultra2 S466 cache memory resides in a memory bank that uses 1 MB x 36 4 MB x 36 16 MB x 36 or 32 MB x 36 72 pin 60 or 70 ns Fast Page Mode or EDO SIMMs Possible configurations are 4 8 16 32 64 or 128 MB ADAC Ultra2 466 supports write through or write back caching selectable for each logical drive To improve performance in sequential disk accesses the AD
32. d Yes 80 6 None Excellent No 100 6 RAID 0 Excellent No 100 6 RAIDI Good Yes 50 6 RAID3 Good Yes 83 6 RAID5 Good Yes 83 6 RAID10 Good Yes 50 6 RAID30 Good Yes 67 6 RAID50 Good Yes 67 7 None Excellent No 100 7 RAIDO Excellent No 100 7 RAID3 Good Yes 86 7 RAIDS Good Yes 86 Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 51 52 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 6 Hardware Installation Requirements You must have the following e a ADAC Ultra2 S466 Controller e ahost computer with an available PCI expansion slot e the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Installation diskettes e the necessary SCSI cables and terminators this depends on the number and type of SCSI devices to be attached e an Uninterruptible Power Supply UPS for the entire system and e Fast SCSI 2 or Wide SCSI hard disk drives and other SCSI devices as desired Optional Equipment You may also want to install SCSI cables that connect ADAC Ultra2 S466 to external SCSI devices Checklist Check Step Action Turn all power off to the server and all hard disk drives enclosures and system components Prepare the host system See the host system technical documentation Determine the SCSI ID and SCSI termination requirements Make sure the jumper settings on the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller are correct Install the cache memory Install the ADAC Ultra2 466 card in the server and attach the SC
33. d and Differential SCSI Buses 2 Maximum Cable Length for SCSI Standards 2 DOCUMENTATION receo neie E aaa 3 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Block Diagram iii 4 2 Introduction to RAID 5 RAID Benefits rocca ieri 5 In This Chapteri c sila ia ario 6 ADAC Ultra2 466 Host Based RAID Solution 7 RAID OVV E sis soecs aaa aE EEEE eA A ETa 8 Consistency Check iii oeta EET rS 8 Fault Tolerance nieme oaae e alano 8 Disk Striping aedo en O E TEER ane 9 Disk Spanning sroine resesi r E ai 10 Disk Mirrorm amp iaia aio 11 Parityi rana iaia 12 HOt Spares 204 oan iene eh toi ohi iaia ona 13 Disk Rebull r raaa eataa Er EE saoL EEE 14 Logical Driver laden 15 Hot Swap i ie a Ea 15 SCSI Drive States iene 16 Logical Drive States ae aan rai 16 Disk Array Types rss eten 17 Enclosure Management iii 17 3 RAID Levels iii 19 Selecting a RAID Level ii 20 RAID Okro cuits AEON Lain 21 RAMD Then Giana eish ieee neta Sheen a a 22 RAID siii LOU an ee 23 RAID 9 fa Dina lana iaia 25 JSA DA O TAE Lala bia ALLES Alani 26 RAID 30 iaia i 27 RAID 50 talea Lies 28 4 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Features 29 Hardware Requirements ii 30 Configuration Features i 30 Hardware Architecture Features ii 31 Array Performance Features in 31 RAID
34. direct special exemplary consequential or otherwise that may result from such error including but not limited to the loss of profits resulting from the use or misuse of the manual or information contained therein even if Gateway has been advised of the possibility of such damages Any questions or comments regarding this document or its contents should be addressed to Gateway at the address shown on the cover Gateway provides this publication as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties or the limitation or exclusion of liability for indirect special exemplary incidental or consequential damages in certain transactions therefore this statement may not apply to you Also you may have other rights which vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the information herein these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication Gateway may make improvements and or revisions in the product s and or the program s described in this publication at any time Requests for technical information about Gateway products should be made to your Gateway representative xii ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide FCC Regulatory
35. e set at each end of the SCSI cable s as shown below Termination is always enabled regardless of the configuration However you can override this setting by setting another state sox l cal oe i terminato n SCS davings p im i ia ST Tarmination an sonirolier a abled gemination disabled on both Setup using one connector for one channel For a disk array set SCSI bus termination so that removing or adding a SCSI device does not disturb termination An easy way to do this is to connect the ADAC Ultra2 S466 card to one end of the SCSI cable and to connect an external terminator module at the other end of the cable The connectors between the two ends can connect SCSI devices Disable termination on the SCSI devices See the manual for each SCSI device to disable termination Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 61 SCSI Termination The SCSI bus is an electrical transmission line and it must be terminated properly to minimize reflections and losses You complete the SCSI bus by setting termination at both ends You can let ADAC Ultra2 S466 automatically provide SCSI termination at one end of the SCSI bus You can terminate the other end of the SCSI bus by attaching an external SCSI terminator module to the end of the cable or by attaching a SCSI device that internally terminates the SCSI bus at the end of the SCSI channel Selecting a Terminator Use standard external SCSI terminators on a SCSI channel operating at
36. e stripe size must be 64 KB if RAID 3 is used RAID 3 handles data at the block level not the byte level so it is ideal for networks that often handle very large files such as graphic images RAID 3 breaks up data into smaller blocks calculates parity by performing an exclusive or on the blocks and then writes the blocks to all but one drive in the array The parity data created during the exclusive or is then written to the last drive in the array The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID set If a single drive fails a RAID 3 array continues to operate in degraded mode If the failed drive is a data drive writes will continue as normal except no data is written to the failed drive Reads reconstruct the data on the failed drive by performing an exclusive or operation on the remaining data in the stripe and the parity for that stripe If the failed drive is a parity drive writes will occur as normal except no parity is written Reads retrieve data from the disks Best suited for applications such as graphics imaging or video that call for reading and writing huge sequential blocks of data Provides data redundancy and high data transfer rates The dedicated parity disk is a bottleneck with random I O Three to eight Cont d Chapter 3 RAID Levels 23 RAID 3 Continued Segment 1 stripe Segment 1 stripe Segment 1 sitige Segment 1 strige Segment 2 st
37. ed in your system or you have chosen to manually specify an adapter press S to display a list of supported SCSI host adapters Select Other from the bottom of the list Insert the Drivers Disk you made when prompted to do so and select ADAC Ultra2 466 from this list In some cases Windows NT Setup repeatedly prompts to swap disks Windows NT will now recognize any devices attached to this adapter Repeat this step for each host adapter not already recognized by Windows NT Setup 81 82 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide A SCSI Cables and Connectors SCSI Connectors ADAC Ultra2 S466 provides several different types of SCSI connectors The connectors are one 68 pin high density internal connector and one 68 pin ultra high density external connector 68 Pin High Density SCSI Internal Connector The SCSI channel on the ADAC Ultra2 466 Controller has a 68 pin high density 0 050 inch pitch unshielded connector This connector provides all signals needed to connect ADAC Ultra2 466 to wide SCSI devices The following connector pinouts are provided for both single ended and differebtial primary bus P CABLE as specified in SCSI 3 Parallel Interface X3T9 2 Project 885 D revision 12b date July 2 1993 The cable assemblies that interface with the 68 pin connector is flat ribbon or twisted pair cable for connecting internal wide SCSI devices flat ribbon or twisted pair cable for connecting internal and external
38. er of drives in a array determines the RAID levels that can be supported Arranging Arrays You must arrange the arrays to provide additional organization for the drive array You must arrange arrays so that you can create system drives that can function as boot devices You can sequentially arrange arrays with an identical number of drives so that the drives in the group are spanned Spanned drives can be treated as one large drive Data can be striped across multiple arrays as one logical drive You can create spanned drives by using the ADAC BIOS Setup utility or the ADAC Configuration Manager Creating Hot Spares Any drive that is present formatted and initialized but is not included in a array or logical drive is automatically designated as a hot spare You can also designate drives as hot spares via ADAC BIOS Setup the ADAC Configuration Manager or Power Console Plus Creating Logical Drives Logical drives are arrays or spanned arrays that are presented to the operating system You must create one or more logical drives The logical drive capacity can include all or any portion of a array The logical drive capacity can also be larger than an array by using spanning ADAC Ultra2 466 supports up to 8 logical drives Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 45 Configuration Strategies The most important factors in RAID array configuration are drive capacity drive availability fault tolerance and drive perfo
39. errors Tone Pattern and one second off One second on and one second off One second on and three seconds off Three seconds on Meaning A logical drive is offline A logical drive is running in degraded mode An automatically initiated rebuild has been completed Important Examples One or more drives in a RAID 0 configuration failed Two or more drives in a RAID 1 3 or 5 configuration failed One drive in a RAID 3 or 5 configuration failed While you were away from the system a disk drive in a RAID 1 3 or 5 configuration failed and was rebuilt The audible warning were not enabled at the time this manual went to press Appendix B Audible Warnings 94 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Index 6 68 Pin High Density Connectors 85 A ADAC BIOS 35 ADACASPI SYS 70 ADACDROM SYS 71 AMPLIMITE 050 Series connectors 92 ASPI Driver Error Messages 78 ASPI Drivers 70 ASPI manager 78 Audible Warnings 95 Automatic Failed Drive Detection and Rebuild 39 B BIOS 34 BIOS Boot Error Messages 75 BIOS Setup 69 Bus Data Transfer Rate 34 Bus Type 34 Bus Based 17 C Cable Assembly for Internal Wide SCSI Devices 86 Cable Vendors 90 Cables To Go 90 Cache Configuration 34 Cache Memory 35 Installing 57 Cache Memory Configurations 57 Card Size 34 CD ROM Driver 71 Compatibility 40 Configuration on Disk Configuratio
40. evel Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Mi ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide ti Manufacturer Model Number Channel 1 Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level De Preface xi Preface Continued Disclaimer This manual describes the operation of the Gateway ADAC Ultra2 S466 Disk Array Controller Although efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of the information contained here Gateway expressly disclaims liability for any error in this information and for damages whether direct in
41. evels that ADAC Ultra2 466 supports are RAID Level Type _ turn to Standard page 21 Standard page 22 Standard page 23 Standard page 25 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 26 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 27 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 28 Select RAID Level To ensure the best performance you should select the optimal RAID level when you create a system drive The optimal RAID level for your disk array depends on a number of factors the number of drives in the disk array the capacity of the drives in the array the need for data redundancy and the disk performance requirements Selecting a RAID Level The factors you need to consider when selecting a RAID level are listed on the next page Chapter 3 RAID Levels 19 Selecting a RAID Level Pros Cons Max Fault Use Drives _ Tolerant 0 Data divided in High data No fault One to No blocks and throughput tolerance All 32 distributed for large data lost if sequentially pure files any drive striping Use for fails non critical data that requires high performance 1 Data duplicated on 100 data Doubles disk 2 4 6 Yes another disk redundancy space or 8 mirroring Use Reduced for read intensive performance fault tolerant during systems rebuilds 3 Disk striping with a Achieves Performance Three to Yes dedicated parity data not as good as eight drive Use for non redundancy RAID 1 interactive apps at low cost that process
42. ical drives per controller controller Maximum number of ADAC Ultra2 466 12 controller per system Online capacity expansion Yes Dedicated and pool hot spare Yes Flashable firmware Yes Hot swap devices supported Yes Non disk devices supported Yes Mixed capacity hard disk drives Yes Number of 16 bit internal connectors 1 Number of 16 bit external connectors 1 Support for hard disk drives with Yes capacities of more than 8 GB Clustering support Failover control No Online RAID level migration Yes RAID remapping Yes No reboot necessary after expansion Yes More than 200 Qtags per physical drive Yes Hardware clustering support on the board Yes User specified rebuild rate Yes 30 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Hardware Architecture Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 hardware architecture features include Processor Intel i960RP3V 33 SCSI Controller Symbios Logic 53C895 Size of Flash ROM 1 MB Amount of NVRAM 32 KB Hardware XOR assistance No Direct I O Yes Removable cache memory module Yes SCSI bus termination Active single ended or LVD Double sided SIMMs Yes Auxiliary TermPWR source No Direct I O bandwidth 132 MB s Array Performance Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 array performance features i
43. in high density internal connector and e a 68 pin external ultra high density connector Both connector types can be used for the SCSI channel SCSI Termination ADAC Ultra2 S466 uses active termination on the SCSI bus conforming to Alternative 2 of the SCSI 2 specifications Termination enable disable is automatic through cable detection SCSI Firmware The ADAC Ultra2 S466 firmware handles all RAID and SCSI command processing and also supports Feature Description Disconnect Optimizes SCSI Bus seek Reconnect Tagged Command Multiple tags to improve random access Queuing _Scatter Gather Multiple address count pairs Multi threading Up to 255 simultaneous commands with elevator sorting and _concatenation of requests per SCSI channel Stripe Size Variable for all logical drives 2 KB 4 KB 8 KB 16 KB 32 _KB 64 KB or 128 KB Rebuild Multiple rebuilds and consistency checks with user _definable priority Chapter 4 Features 37 RAID Management RAID management is provided by software utilities that manage and configure the RAID system and ADAC Ultra2 S466 create and manage multiple disk arrays control and monitor multiple RAID servers provide error statistics logging and provide online maintenance They include e ADAC BIOS Setup e Power Console Plus e ADAC Manager e General Alert Module ADAC BIOS Setup BIOS Setup configures and maintains RAID ar
44. ive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 43 ess Zi Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level 44 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Configuring Arrays Organize the physical disk drives in arrays after the drives are connected to ADAC Ultra2 S466 formatted and initialized Each array can consist of one to eight physical disk drives ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports up to eight arrays The numb
45. ive set to SCSI ID 5 Make sure that no hard disk drives are attached to the same SCSI channel as the non disk SCSI devices Drive performance will be significantly degraded if SCSI hard disk drives are attached to this channel Warning Since all non disk SCSI devices are single ended it is not advisable to attach a non disk device to a ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID controller if LVD disk drives are also attached because the SCSI bus will then operate in single ended mode Host Computer Internal a Drives MegaRAID ID7 No Termination lou mE SCSI Tape Drive _ SCSI Scanner ID4 64 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 7 Install ADAC Ultra2 S466 Choose a 5 V PCI slot and align the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller card bus connector to the slot Press down gently but firmly to make sure that the card is properly seated in the slot The bottom edge of the controller card should be flush with the slot PGI expansion slots below EMT intel i960 Screw the bracket to the computer frame Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 65 Step 8 Connect SCSI Cables Connect SCSI cables to SCSI devices ADAC Ultra2 S466 provides two SCSI connectors J2 the SCSI channel internal high density 68 pin connector for Wide 16 bit SCSI and J6 the SCSI channel external ultra high density 68 pin connector for Wide 1
46. izing the level of fault tolerance The levels of fault tolerance provided by the RAID levels are RAID Level 0 1 3 5 10 30 50 Fault Tolerance Protection No fault tolerance Disk mirroring which provides 100 data redundancy 100 protection through a dedicated parity drive 100 protection through striping and parity The data is striped and parity data is written across a number of physical disk drives 100 protection through data mirroring 100 protection through data striping All data is striped across all drives in two or more arrays 100 protection through data striping and parity All data is striped and parity data is written across all drives in two or more arrays Maximizing Drive Performance You can configure an array for optimal performance But optimal drive configuration for one type of application will probably not be optimal for any other application A basic guideline of the performance characteristics for RAID drive arrays at each RAID level is RAID Level Performance Characteristics Excellent for all types of I O activity but provides no data security Provides data redundancy and good performance Provides data redundancy Provides data redundancy and good performance in most environments Provides data redundancy and excellent performance Provides data redundancy and good performance in most environments Provides data redundancy and very good performance Ch
47. jection characteristics Step 9 Set Target IDs Set target identifiers TIDs on the SCSI devices Each device in a specific SCSI channel must have a unique TID in that channel Non disk devices CD ROM or tapes should have unique SCSI IDs regardless of the channel where they are connected See the documentation for each SCSI device to set the TIDs The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller automatically occupies TID 7 in the SCSI channel Eight bit SCSI devices can only use the TIDs from 0 to 6 16 bit devices can use the TIDs from 0 to 15 The arbitration priority for a SCSI device depends on its TID Priority Highest Lowest BiRREZEEEELEEZERA Important Non disk devices CD ROM or tapes should have unique SCSI IDs regardless of the channel they are connected to Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 67 Device Identification on ADAC Ultra2 S466 All logical drives on each SCSI bus are identified to the host as ID 0 Differentiate the drives with Logical Unit Identifiers LUNs ID 0 cannot be used for non disk devices because they are limited to IDs 1 through 6 The ADAC Ultra2 S466 is limited to eight logical drives because LUNs are used to present logical drives The SCSI 2 ANSI specification has a limit of eight LUNs per ID The SCSI 3 specification increased the number of LUNs to 16 An example of ID mapping follows Example of ADAC Ultra2 S466 ID Mapping ID Channel 1 Al 1 C D 7 Reserved 2 AG
48. l Description a 1 Carrier Detect 2 Data Set Ready 3 Receive Data 4 Request to Send 5 Transmit Data 6 Clear to Send 7 Data Terminal Ready 8 Ring Indicator 9 Ground J5 Hard Disk LED J5 is a four pin connector that attaches to a cable that connects to the hard disk LED mounted on the computer enclosure The LED indicates data transfers Pin _Pin Description a 1 High o 2 SCSI Activity Signal 3 SCSI Activity Signal 4 High Cont d Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 59 Step 5 Set Jumpers Continued J8 J9 J8 and J9 are 3 pin jumpers The factory setting is Pins 1 2 shorted Pins 1 2 should always be shorted for J8 and J9 J10 J10 is a 3 pin jumper Make sure Pins 1 2 of J10 are always shorted This is the factory setting J11 J12 i960RP Initialization J11 and J12 are 2 pin bergs that specify the 1960RP mode when initially powered up Mode 3 is used for normal operation J11 and J12 OPEN All other modes are used for test purposes only 1960RP Initialization Mode J19 Setting J22 Setting OPEN Short Pins 1 2 OPEN 60 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 6 Set Termination You must terminate the SCSI bus properly Set termination at both ends of the SCSI cable The SCSI bus is an electrical transmission line and must be terminated properly to minimize reflections and losses Termination should b
49. l other signals should be connected as defined Caution Lines labeled RESERVED should be connected to Ground in the bus terminator assemblies or in the end devices on the SCSI cable RESERVED lines should be open in the other SCSI devices but can be connected to Ground 90 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 68 Pin Connector Pinout for LVD SCSI Signal DB 12 DB 13 DB 14 DB 15 DB P1 DB 0 DB 1 DB 2 DB 3 DB 4 DB 5 DB 6 DB 7 DB P Ground DIFFSENS TERMPWR TERMPWR Reserved Ground ATN Ground BSY ACK RST MSG SEL C D REQ 1 O DB 8 DB 9 DB 10 DB 11 Notes Connector Pin ujafu s w n lT WIWTWIOITWINININININININININI Nel ele lelRelelRe lRe BILWLN TR olein DIN A ISN e oO elI NIAM AJN Cable Pin aan DB 12 4 3 DB03 37 Bas 8 38 DB05 DB P1 DB 0 DB 1 DB 2 DB 3 DB 4 22 DB 5 DB 6 DB 7 DB P Ground Ground 51 TERMPWR TERMPWR Reserved Ground ATN Ground BSY ACK RST 52 6 MsG SEL C D REQ 6 64 I O DB 8 64 66 DBO 66 67 BaO 68 68 Ban The conductor number refers to the conductor position when using flat ribbon cable Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 91 92 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide B Audible Warnings The ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID controller has an onboard tone generator that indicates events and
50. large files sequentially 5 Disk striping and Achieves Performance Three to Yes parity data across data not as good as eight all drives Use for redundancy RAID 1 high read volume at low cost but low write volume such as transaction processing 10 Data striping and High data More 4 6 or Yes mirrored drives transfers complicated 8 complete redundancy 30 Disk striping with a High data More Six to Yes dedicated parity transfers complicated 32 drive redundancy 50 Disk striping and High data More Six to Yes parity data across transfers complicated 32 all drives redundancy 20 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide RAID 0 RAID 0 provides disk striping across all drives in the RAID subsystem RAID 0 does not provide any data redundancy but does offer the best performance of any RAID level RAID 0 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then writes a block to each drive in the array The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter set during the creation of the RAID set RAID 0 offers high bandwidth By breaking up a large file into smaller blocks ADAC Ultra2 S466 can use several drives to read or write the file faster RAID 0 involves no parity calculations to complicate the write operation This makes RAID 0 ideal for applications that require high bandwidth but do not require fault tolerance Uses RAID 0 provides high data throughput especially for large files Any environment hat does n
51. lity Server Management As an SNMP agent ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports all SNMP managers and RedAlert from Storage Dimensions SCSI Device Compatibility ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports SCSI hard disk drives CD ROMs tape drives optical drives DAT drives and other SCSI peripheral devices Software AII SCSI backup and utility software should work with ADAC Ultra2 S466 Software that has been tested and approved for use with ADAC Ultra2 466 includes Cheyenne CorelSCSI Arcserve and Novaback This software is not provided with ADAC Ultra2 466 Summary ADAC Ultra2 S466 Features were discussed in this chapter Hardware installation is discussed in Chapter 6 40 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuring SCSI Physical Drives SCSI Channel Physical SCSI drives must be organized into logical drives The arrays and logical drives that you construct must be able to support the RAID level that you select Your ADAC Ultra2 466 adapter has one SCSI channel Basic Configuration Rules You should observe the following guidelines when connecting and configuring SCSI devices in a RAID array attach non disk SCSI devices to a single SCSI channel that does not have any disk drives you can place up to eight physical disk drives in an array include all drives that have the same capacity to the same array make sure any hot spare has a capacity that is at least as large as the largest d
52. ltra2 S466 Consistency Check In RAID check consistency verifies the correctness of redundant data in an array For example in a system with dedicated parity checking consistency means computing the parity of the data drives and comparing the results to the contents of the dedicated parity drive Fault Tolerance Fault tolerance is achieved through cooling fans power supplies and the ability to hot swap drives ADAC Ultra2 S466 provides hot swapping through the hot spare feature A hot spare drive is an unused online available drive that ADAC Ultra2 S466 instantly plugs into the system when an active drive fails After the hot spare is automatically moved into the RAID subsystem the failed drive is automatically rebuilt The RAID disk array continues to handle request while the rebuild occurs 8 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Disk Striping Stripe Width Stripe Size Disk striping writes data across multiple disk drives instead of just one disk drive Disk striping involves partitioning each drive storage space into stripes that can vary in size from 2 KB to 128 KB These stripes are interleaved in a repeated sequential manner The combined storage space is composed of stripes from each drive ADAC Ultra2 466 supports stripe sizes of 2 KB 4 KB 8 KB 16 KB 32 KB 64 KB or 128 KB For example in a four disk system using only disk striping as in RAID level 0 segment 1 is written to disk 1 segment 2 is written
53. m 12m 3 Wide Ultra SCSI 12m 15 Wide Ultra SCSI 1 5m 12m 7 Wide Ultra SCSI 3m 12m 3 Ultra2SCSI 25m 1 Ultra2SCSI 12m 7 Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 25m 1 Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 12m 15 SCSI Bus Widths and Maximum Throughput SCSI Standard __SCSI Bus Width_ __SCSI Throughput SCSI I 8 bits 5 MB s Fast SCSI 8 bits 10 MB s Fast Wide SCSI 16 bits 20 MB s Ultra SCSI 8 bits 20 MB s Wide Ultra SCSI 16 bits 40 MB s Ultra 2 SCSI 8 bits 40 MB s Wide Ultra 2 SCSI 16 bits 80 MB s 2 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Documentation The ADAC Ultra2 S466 documentation set includes Using ADAC Ultra2 S466 Manuals This manual contains the RAID overview RAID planning and RAID system configuration information you will need first Read the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide first ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide This manual describes the software configuration utilities that configure and modify RAID systems ADAC Ultra2 S466 Operating System Drivers Guide This manual provides detailed information about installing the ADAC Ultra2 S466 operating system drivers Chapter 1 Overview ADAC Ultra2 S466 Block Diagram SCSI Controller LVD SE J aZ 4 Local PCI Bus Up to esi MB NVRAM Flash Ea i960RP I ne I JI s Local ROM DRAM Bus Host PCI Bus y
54. n 29 Connecting Internal and External Wide Devices 87 Consistency check 8 Index Converting from Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 3 90 Converting Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide 88 Converting Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 30 89 CPU 35 D Data redundancy Using mirroring 11 Dedicated Parity 12 Degraded 16 Devices per SCSI Channel 34 Disconnect Reconnect 37 Disk Activity LED 58 Disk Array Types 17 Disk Mirroring 11 Disk Rebuild 14 Disk Spanning 10 Disk Striping 9 Distributed Parity 12 DOS ASPI driver 70 DOS CD ROM Driver 70 Drive roaming 29 Drive States 16 Drivers 70 E Enclosure Management 17 Error Failure codes 78 Error Messages ASPI Driver 78 F Fail 16 Failed 16 FAST and WIDE SCSI 29 Fault Tolerance 39 Features 29 Firmware 34 FTP Site vi 95 G GWC 90 H Hardware Installation 53 Hardware Requirements 30 High Density 68 Pin SCSI Connector and P Cable Single Ended Cable Pinouts 91 93 High Density Connector 92 Host Based RAID Solution 7 Hot Spare 13 16 Using during disk rebuild 14 Hot Swap 15 39 Improved I O 5 Increased Reliability 5 Install Drivers 70 Installation Custom 54 J J 4 Channel 1 WIDE 16 bit SCSI connector 58 J1 Termination Enable 59 J2 66 J3 I2C Interface Connector 59 J4 Serial Port 59 J5 Disk Activity LED Connector 59 J6 66 J7 SIMM socket 57 J8 J9 JIO 60 J11 J
55. n the ADAC See page 57 for the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller Ultra2 S466 jumper settings 6 Set SCSI termination 7 Install the ADAC Ultra2 466 card 8 Connect the SCSI cables to SCSI devices 9 Setthe target IDs for the SCSI devices 10 Replace the computer cover and turn the Be sure the SCSI devices power on are powered up before or at the same time as the host computer 11 Run ADAC BIOS Setup Optional 12 Install software drivers for the desired operating systems Each step is described in detail below Cont d 54 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 1 Unpack Unpack and install the hardware in a static free environment The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller card is packed inside an anti static bag between two sponge sheets Remove the controller card and inspect it for damage If the card appears damaged or if any item listed below is missing contact your OEM support representative The ADAC Ultra2 466 Controller is also shipped with e the ADAC Ultra2 466 Configuration Software Guide e the ADAC Ultra2 466 Operating System Drivers Guide e the ADAC Ultra2 466 Hardware Guide e the software license agreement e the ADAC Ultra2 466 Configuration Utilities diskette for DOS and e the warranty registration card Step 2 Power Down Turn off the computer and remove the cover Make sure the computer is turned off and disconnected from any networks before installing the
56. nclude Specification Feature Host data transfer rate 132 MB s Drive data transfer rate 80 MB s Maximum Scatter Gathers Maximum size of I O requests Maximum Queue Tags per drive Stripe Sizes Maximum number of concurrent commands Chapter 4 Features 26 elements 6 4 MB in 64 KB stripes 211 2 KB 4 KB 8 KB 16 KB 32 KB 64 KB or 128 KB 255 31 RAID Management Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID management features include Specification Feature Support for SNMP Yes Performance Monitor provided Yes Remote control and monitoring Yes Event broadcast and event alert Yes Hardware connector RS232C Drive roaming Yes Support for concurrent multiple stripe Yes sizes Web based management tools Not released yet Windows NT and NetWare server Yes support via GUI client utility SCO Unix OS 2 and UnixWare Yes server support via GUI client utility DMI support Yes Management through an industry Not released yet standard browser Fault Tolerance Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 fault tolerance features include Specification Support for SMART Enclosure management Drive failure detection 32 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Drive rebuild using hot spares Parity Generation and checking Feature Yes SAF TE compliant Automatic Automatic Software Software Utilities The ADAC Ultra2 S466 software utility features include Graphical
57. nd hardware based exclusive or assist make RAID 5 performance exceptional in many different environments Uses RAID 5 provides high data throughput especially for large files Use RAID 5 for transaction processing applications because each drive can read and write independently If a drive fails ADAC Ultra2 466 uses the parity drive to recreate all missing information Use also for office automation and online customer service that requires fault tolerance Use for any application that has high read request rates but low write request rates Strong Points Provides data redundancy and good performance in most environments Weak Points Disk drive performance will be reduced if a drive is being rebuilt Environments with few processes do not perform as well because the RAID overhead is not offset by the performance gains in handling simultaneous processes Drives Three to eight g Seg 3 Seg 4 l Seg 5 f Seg 7 Seg 9 Seg 10 Seg 11 Seg 12 Parity 9 12 Parity 5 8 Le Parity 1 4 d J A Parity is distributed across all drives in array Chapter 3 RAID Levels 25 RAID 10 Uses Strong Points Weak Points Drives RAID 10 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1 RAID 10 has mirrored drives RAID 10 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then stripes the blocks of data to each RAID 1 raid set Each RAID 1 raid set then duplicates its data to its other drive The size of each block
58. nector 68 pin connector J6 External SCSI 2 Wide 16 bit 68 pin connector connector J5 Disk Activity LED four pin connector Jl Termination Enable Control 3 pin header J7 Cache memory SIMM socket 72 pin connector J3 I2C connector 4 pin header J4 Serial port connector 9 pin connector J8 Short Pins 1 2 3 pin header J9 J10 Short Pins 1 2 3 pin header Jil i960RP configuration 2 pin header J12 i960RP configuration 2 pin header ADAC Ultra2 S466 Card Layout si By J11 BB s12 Cont d 58 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 5 Set Jumpers Continued J1 Termination Enable J1 is a three pin header that specifies hardware or software control of SCSI termination Type of SCSI Termination J1 Setting Software control of SCSI termination via drive Short Pins 1 2 detection Permanently disable all onboard SCSI termination Short Pins 2 3 Permanently enable all onboard SCSI termination OPEN J3 I2C Interface Connector J3 is a four pin header that allows the 1960JX core processor to serve as a master and slave device that resided on the I2C bus when used with the I2C Bus Interface Unit Attach a four wire cable from J3 to the I2C Bus Interface Unit J4 Serial Port J4 is a 9 pin berg that attaches to a serial cable The pinout Pin __ Signal Description _ Signal Description 7 Pin Signa
59. o 8M x 36 32 MB Total Memory EDO SV 50ns EDO 5V 50ns es Single sided No 16M x 36 64 MB EDO 5V 50ns Yes Double sided No 32M x36 128 MB Important If the SIMM DRAM is not installed when you receive your ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID controller you must call the manufacturer for a list of approved SIMM vendors You must only use an approved SIMM Cont d 56 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Step 4 Instal I Cache Memory Continued Supported Cache Memory Configurations Cache Bank0 Even 4MB Single sided 1 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 8MB Double sided 1 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 16MB __ Single sided 4 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 32MB Double sided 4 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 64MB Single sided 16 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 128MB Double sided 32 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode Install cache memory on the ADAC Ultra2 466 card in the SIMM socket This socket accepts a 72 pin x 36 Fast Page Mode or EDO SIMM as specified on the previous page Lay the controller card component side up on a clean static free surface and install the SIMM The SIMM clicks into place indicating proper seating in the socket as shown below LA Chapter 6 Hardware Installation 57 Step 5 Set Jumpers Make sure the jumper settings on the ADAC Ultra2 S466 card are correct The jumpers and connectors are Connector Description J2 Internal SCSI Wide 16 bit con
60. ot require fault tolerance Strong Points Provides increased data throughput for large files No capacity loss penalty for parity Weak Points Does not provide fault tolerance All data lost if any drive fails Drives One to 32 Segment 1 stripe Segment 1 stripe Segment 2 stripe Segment 2 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 4 stripe Segment 4 stripe etc etc Chapter 3 RAID Levels 21 RAID 1 Uses Strong Points Weak Points Drives In RAID 1 ADAC Ultra2 S466 duplicates all data from one drive to a second drive RAID 1 provides complete data redundancy but at the cost of doubling the required data storage capacity Use RAID 1 for small databases or any other environment that requires fault tolerance but small capacity RAID 1 provides complete data redundancy RAID 1 is ideal for any application that requires fault tolerance and minimal capacity RAID 1 requires twice as many disk drives Performance is impaired during drive rebuilds 2 4 6 or 8 drives mint i amin Segment 4 duplicate Segment 1 Segment 1 duplicate Segment 2 duplicate Segment 2 Segment 2 duplicate Segment 3 duplicate Segment 3 Segment 3 duplicate Segment 4 duplicate Segment 4 Segment 4 duplicate sie ete ete 22 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide RAID 3 Uses Strong Points Weak Points Drives RAID 3 provides disk striping and complete data redundancy though a dedicated parity drive Th
61. possible to the terminators The characteristic impedance of the cable should be 90 6 ohms for the REQ and ACK signals and 90 10 ohms for all other signals The stub length the distance from the controller s external connector to the mainline SCSI bus shall not exceed 1m approximately 4 inches The spacing of devices on the mainline SCSI bus should be at least three times the stub length All signal lines shall be terminated once at both ends of the bus powered by the TERMPWR line 80 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Topic Windows NT Installation Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Information When Windows NT is installed via a bootable CD the devices on the ADAC Ultra2 466 will not be recognized until after the initial reboot The Microsoft documented workaround is in SETUP TXT SETUP TXT is on diskette 2 or the CD To install drivers when Setup recognizes one of the supported SCSI host adapters without making the devices attached to it available for use Restart Windows NT Setup When Windows NT Setup displays Setup is inspecting your computer s hardware configuration press lt F6 gt to prevents Windows NT Setup from performing disk controller detection This allows you to install the driver from the Drivers disk you created All SCSI adapters must be installed manually When Windows NT Setup displays Setup could not determine the type of one or more mass storage devices install
62. quirements Each type of data stored in the disk subsystem has a different frequency of read and write activity If you know the data access requirements you can more successfully determine a strategy for optimizing the disk subsystem capacity availability and performance Servers that support Video on Demand typically read the data often but write data infrequently Both the read and write operations tend to be long Data stored on a general purpose file server involves relatively short read and write operations with relatively small files Array Functions You must first define the major purpose of the disk array Will this disk array increase the system storage capacity for general purpose file and print servers Does this disk array support any software system that must be available 24 hours per day Will the information stored in this disk array contains large audio or video files that must be available on demand Will this disk array contain data from an imaging system You must identify the purpose of the data to be stored in the disk subsystem before you can confidently choose a RAID level and a RAID configuration Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 49 Planning the Array Configuration Answer the following questions about this array Question Answer Number of physical disk drives in the array Purpose of this array Rank the following factors Maximize drive capacity Maximize the safety of the data fault tole
63. rance Maximize hard drive performance and throughput How many hot spares Amount of cache memory installed on ADAC Ultra2 466 _Are all of the disk drives and the server protected by a UPS Using the Array Configuration Planner The following table lists the possible RAID levels fault tolerance and effective capacity for all possible drive configurations for an array consisting of one to eight drives This table does not take into account any hot spare standby drives You should always have a hot spare drive in case of drive failure RAID 1 and RAID 10 require 2 4 6 or 8 drives RAID 30 and RAID 50 require at least 6 drives 50 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Array Configuration Planner Number of Possible Relative Fault Effective Drives RAID Levels Performance Tolerance Capacit 1 None Excellent No 100 1 RAIDO Excellent No 100 2 None Excellent No 100 2 RAIDO Excellent No 100 2 RAIDI Good Yes 50 3 None Excellent No 100 3 RAID 0 Excellent No 100 3 RAID3 Good Yes 67 3 RAID5 Good Yes 67 4 None Excellent No 100 4 RAIDO Excellent No 100 4 RAIDI Good Yes 50 4 RAID3 Good Yes 15 4 RAIDS Good Yes 15 4 RAID10 Good Yes 50 5 None Excellent No 100 5 RAID 0 Excellent No 100 5 RAID3 Good Yes 80 5 RAIDS Goo
64. rates If a hot spare is available the rebuild starts automatically when a drive fails ADAC Ultra2 S466 automatically restarts the system and the rebuild if the system goes down during a rebuild The rebuild rate is the fraction of the compute cycles dedicated to rebuilding failed drives A rebuild rate of 100 percent means the system is totally dedicated to rebuilding the failed drive The ADAC Ultra2 S466 rebuild rate can be configured between 0 and 100 At 0 the rebuild is only done if the system is not doing anything else At 100 the rebuild has a higher priority than any other system activity A RAID array is a collection of physical disk drives governed by the RAID management software A RAID array appears to the host computer as one or more logical drives 14 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Logical Drive A logical drive is a partition in a physical array of disks that is made up of contiguous data segments on the physical disks A logical drive can consist of any of the following e an entire physical array e more than one entire physical array e apart of an array e parts of more than one array or a combination of any two of the above conditions Hot Swap A hot swap is the manual replacement of a defective physical disk unit while the computer is still running When a new drive has been installed you must issue a command to rebuild the drive Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 15 SCSI D
65. rays formats disk drives and manages the RAID system It is independent of any operating system See the ADAC Ultra2 466 Configuration Software Guide for additional information Power Console Plus Power Console Plus runs in Windows NT It configures monitors and maintains multiple RAID servers from any network node or a remote location See the ADAC Ultra2 466 Configuration Software Guide for additional information ADAC Configuration Manager This is a character based utility that works in DOS SCO Unix SVR3 2 R4 2 SCO UnixWare OS 2 2 x OS 2 Warp and Novell NetWare 3 x and 4 x See the ADAC Ultra2 466 Configuration Software Guide for additional information 38 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Fault Tolerance Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 fault tolerance features are automatic failed drive detection automatic failed drive rebuild with no user intervention required hot swap manual replacement without bringing the system down and SAF TE compliant enclosure management Detect Failed Drive The ADAC Ultra2 S466 firmware automatically detects and rebuilds failed drives This can be done transparently with hot spares Hot Swap Chapter 4 Features ADAC Ultra2 466 supports the manual replacement of a disk unit in the RAID subsystem without system shutdown 39 Compatibility ADAC Ultra2 S466 compatibility issues include e server management e SCSI device compatibility and e software compatibi
66. ripe Segment 2 stripe Segment 2 siripe Segment 2 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 3 stripe Segment 4 stripe Segment 4 stripe Segment 4 sitipe Segment 4 stripe ste eie ete ete RAID 5 vs RAID 3 You may find that RAID 5 is preferable to RAID 3 even for applications characterized by sequential reads and writes because ADAC Ultra2 S466 has very robust caching algorithms The benefits of RAID 3 disappear if there are many small T O operations scattered randomly and widely across the disks in the logical drive The RAID 3 fixed parity disk becomes a bottleneck in such applications For example The host attempts to make two small writes and the writes are widely scattered involving two different stripes and different disk drives Ideally both writes should take place at the same time But this is not possible in RAID 3 since the writes must take turns accessing the fixed parity drive For this reason RAID 5 is the clear choice in this scenario 24 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide RAID 5 RAID 5 includes disk striping at the byte level and parity In RAID 5 the parity information is written to several drives RAID 5 is best suited for networks that perform a lot of small I O transactions simultaneously RAID 5 addresses the bottleneck issue for random I O operations Since each drive contains both data and parity numerous writes can take place concurrently In addition robust caching algorithms a
67. rive States A SCSI disk drive can be in one of these states Description Online The drive is functioning normally and is a part of a configured ONLIN logical drive Ready The drive is functioning normally but is not part of a configured READY logical drive and is not designated as a hot spare Hot Spare The drive is powered up and ready for use as a spare in case an HOTSP online drive fails Fail A fault has occurred in the drive placing it out of service FAIL Rebuild The drive is being rebuilt with data from a failed drive REB Logical Drive States State Description Optimal The drive operating condition is good All configured drives are online Degraded The drive operating condition is not optimal One of the configured drives has failed or is offline Failed The drive has failed Offline The drive is not available to ADAC Ultra2 S466 16 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Disk Array Types The RAID disk array types are Type Description Software The array is managed by software running in a host computer using Based the host CPU bandwidth The disadvantages associated with this method are the load on the host CPU and the need for different software for each operating system SCSI to SCSI The array controller resides outside of the host computer and communicates with the host through a SCSI adapter in the host The array management software
68. rive that may be replaced by the hot spare and when replacing a failed drive make sure that the replacement drive has a capacity that is at least as large as the drive being replaced Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 41 Current Configuration SCSI ID Device Description SCSI Channel 1 Termination Cl NA MI BR WL Nl oO O N w E P an nN Logical Drive Configuration Logical Drive LDI RAID Level Stripe Size Logical Drive Cache Size Policy Read Policy Write Policy of Physical Drives LD2 LD3 LD4 LDS LD6 LD7 LD8 42 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Cont d Physical Device Layout nr di Target ID Channel 1 Device Type Manufacturer Model Number Logical Drive Number Drive Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Dr
69. rmance You cannot configure a logical drive that optimizes all three factors but it is easy to choose a logical drive configuration that maximizes one factor at the expense of the other two factors although needs are seldom that simple Maximize Capacity RAID 0 achieves maximum drive capacity but does not provide data redundancy Maximum drive capacity for each RAID level is shown below OEM level firmware that can span up to 4 logical drives is assumed RAID Description Drives Capacity Level __ Required Striping 1 32 Number of disks X capacity of without parity smallest disk Striping with 3 8 Number of disks X capacity of fixed parity smallest disk capacity of 1 disk drive Striping with 3 8 Number of disks X capacity of floating parity smallest disk capacity of 1 disk drive Mirroring and 4 8 Must Number of disks X capacity of Striping be a multiple smallest disk 2 of 2 RAID 3 and 6 32 Must Number of disks X capacity of Striping be a multiple smallest disk capacity of 1 disk X of arrays number of Arrays RAID 5 and 6 32 Must Number of disks X capacity of Striping be a multiple smallest disk capacity of 1 disk X of arrays number of Arrays Cont d 46 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Configuration Strategies Continued Maximizing Drive Availability You can maximize the availability of data on the physical disk drive in the logical array by maxim
70. rmined by the stripe size parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID set RAID 50 can sustain one to four drive failures while maintaining data integrity if each failed disk is in a different RAID 5 array Uses RAID 50 works best when used with data that requires high reliability high request rates and high data transfer and medium to large capacity Strong Points RAID 50 provides high data throughput data redundancy and very good performance Weak Points Requires 2 to 4 times as many parity drives as RAID 5 Drives Six to 32 Seg 1 Seg 2 P 1 2 seg3 Seg 4 PBa Seg 6 P 5 6 Seg 5 Seg 8 P 7 8 Seg 7 P 10 Seg 9 Seg 10 Pitta seg tt Seg 12 RAID 5 RAID 5 28 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 4 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Features In This Chapter ADAC Ultra2 466 is a family of high performance intelligent PCI to SCSI host adapters with RAID control capabilities ADAC Ultra2 S466 has a SCSI channel that supports Ultra and Wide SCSI at data transfer rates up to 80 MB s The SCSI channel supports up to 15 Wide devices and up to seven non Wide devices Topics described in this chapter include new features configuration features hardware architecture features array performance features RAID management features fault tolerance features utility programs and software drivers SMART Technology The ADAC Ultra2 S466 Self Monitoring Analysis
71. rs e the sustained data transfer rate on the motherboard PCI bus e the sustained data transfer rate on the 1960RP PCI to PCI bridge the sustained data transfer rate of the SCSI controller the sustained data transfer rate of the SCSI devices the number of SCSI channels and the number of SCSI disk drives Host based solutions must provide operating system specific drivers A SCSI to SCSI RAID product puts the RAID intelligence inside the RAID chassis and uses a plain SCSI Host Adapter installed in the network server The data transfer rate is limited to the bandwidth of the SCSI channel A SCSI to SCSI RAID product that has two wide SCSI channels that operate at speeds up to 80 MB s must squeeze the data into a single wide SCSI 40 MB s channel back to the host computer In SCSI to SCSI RAID products the hard drive subsystem uses only a single SCSI ID which allows you to connect multiple drive subsystems to a single SCSI controller Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 7 RAID Overview RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks is a collection of specifications that describe a system for ensuring the reliability and stability of data stored on large disk subsystems A RAID system can be implemented in a number of different versions or RAID Levels The standard RAID levels are 0 1 3 and 5 ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports all standard RAID levels and RAID levels 10 30 and 50 special RAID versions supported by ADAC U
72. runs in the controller It is transparent to the host and independent of the host operating system The disadvantage is the limited data transfer rate of the _SCSI channel between the SCSI adapter and the array controller Bus Based The array controller resides on the bus for example a PCI or EISA bus in the host computer and has its own CPU to generate the parity and handle other RAID functions A bus based controller can transfer data at the speed of the host bus PCI ISA EISA VL Bus but is limited to the bus it is designed for ADAC Ultra2 S466 resides on a PCI bus which can handle data transfer at up to 132 MB s With ADAC Ultra2 S466 the channel can handle data transfer rates up to 80 MB s per SCSI channel Enclosure Management Enclosure management is the intelligent monitoring of the disk subsystem by software and or hardware The disk subsystem can be part of the host computer or separate from it Enclosure management helps you stay informed of events in the disk subsystem such as a drive or power supply failure Enclosure management increases the fault tolerance of the disk subsystem Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 17 18 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 3 RAID Levels There are six official RAID levels RAID 0 through RAID 5 ADAC Ultra2 466 supports RAID levels 0 1 3 and 5 Gateway has designed three additional RAID levels 10 30 and 50 that provide additional benefits The RAID l
73. s on each channel to make sure each device has a different ID Check the termination The device at the end of the channel must be terminated Replace the drive cable Set the drives to spin on command This will allow ADAC Ultra2 S466 to spin two devices simultaneously These utilities require a color monitor For proper cache memory operation you should install at least 4 MB of memory in ADAC Ultra2 S466 You may need a new EEPROM 73 Problem Suggested Solution E EFMWeresIhLEtalAzingoni Make sure that TERMPWR is being properly provided to each peripheral device populated appears and remains on the screen channel Make sure that each end of the channel chain is properly terminated using the recommended terminator type for the peripheral device The channel is automatically terminated at the ADAC Ultra2 S466 card if only one cable is connected to a channel Make sure on a channel basis only two type of cables are connected at any one time If using an FPM SIMM make sure the RAS Access Time parameter is 70 ns Make sure that the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller is properly seated in the PCI slot What SCSI IDs can a non hard disk Non hard disk devices can only accommodate device have and what is maximum SCSI IDs 1 2 3 4 5 or 6 regardless of the number allowed per adapter channel used A maximum of six non hard disk devices are supported per ADAC Ultra2 466 adapter Why does a failed logical array still
74. splayed next error code Oxab codes are 0x40 No ADAC adapters found 0x80 Timed out waiting for interrupt to be posted 0x81 Timed out waiting for Response command 0x82 Invalid command completion count 0x83 Invalid completion status received 0x84 Invalid command ID received 0x85 No adapters found or no PCI BIOS support 0x90 Unknown Setup completion error No non disk devices were The driver did not find any non hard drive devices located during scanning A SCSI device that is not a hard disk drive such as a tape drive or CD ROM drive must be attached to this SCSI channel The SCSI ID must be unique for each adapter and cannot be SCSI ID 0 The supported SCSI IDs are 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 Controller setup FAILED Correct the condition that caused the failure The failure ERROR VDS support is The h option is appended to driver in INACTIVE for logical CONFIG SYS or this driver is used with a BIOS that is drives earlier than v1 10 or no logical drives are configured 78 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Other Potential Problems Topic DOS ASPI I o formation id ADACASPI SYS the DOS ASPI manager uses 6 KB eee system memory once it is loaded CD ROM drives under DOS At this time copied CDs are not accessible from DOS even after loading ADACASPI SYS and ADACDROM SYS Physical Drive Errors To display the ADAC Configuration Manager Media Error and Other Error options press
75. t data sets The redundancy data can be used to reconstruct one of the parent data sets Parity data does not fully duplicate the parent data sets In RAID this method is applied to entire drives or stripes across all disk drives in an array The types of parity are Type Description Dedicated Parity The parity of the data on two or more disk drives is stored on an additional disk Distributed The parity data is distributed across all drives in the Parity system If a single disk drive fails it can be rebuilt from the parity and the data on the remaining drives RAID level 3 combines dedicated parity with disk striping The parity disk in RAID 3 is the last logical drive in a RAID set RAID level 5 combines distributed parity with disk striping Parity provides redundancy for one drive failure without duplicating the contents of entire disk drives but parity generation can slow the write process A dedicated parity scheme during normal read write operations is shown below ct ef intel 1960 12 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Hot Spares Hot spares are only employed in arrays with redundancy for example RAID levels 1 3 5 10 30 and 50 A hot spare connected to a specific ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller can only be used to rebuild a drive that is A hot spare is an extra unused disk drive that is part of the disk subsystem It is usually in standby mode ready for service if a dri
76. to disk 2 and so on Disk striping enhances performance because multiple drives are accessed simultaneously but disk striping does not provide data redundancy AE o i Sia Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 6 Segment 7 Segment i Segment 18 Segment 14 _ Segment 1 2 Stripe width is the number of disks involved in an array where striping is implemented For example a four disk array with disk striping has a stripe width of four The stripe size is the length of the interleaved data segments that ADAC Ultra2 466 writes across multiple drives ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports stripe sizes of 2 KB 4 KB 8 KB 16 KB 32 KB 64 KB or 128 KB Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 9 Disk Spanning Disk spanning allows multiple disk drives to function like one big drive Spanning overcomes lack of disk space and simplifies storage management by combining existing resources or adding relatively inexpensive resources For example four 400 MB disk drives can be combined to appear to the operating system as one single 1600 MB drive Spanning alone does not provide reliability or performance enhancements Spanned logical drives must have the same stripe size and must be contiguous In the following graphic RAID 1 array is turned into a RAID 10 array i as one 4 GB drive Spanning for RAID 10 RAID 30 or RAID 50 Level Description 10 Configure RAID 10 by spanning two contiguous RAID 1 logical dri
77. ty State Serial Number C email address Cache Memory Phone Firmware Version Fax BIOS Version ountr Yy l System Information Motherboard l BIOS manufacturer Operating System l BIOS Date Op Sys Ver l Video Adapter ADAC Ultra2 466 CPU Type Speed Driver Ver Network Card l System Memory Other disk controllers Other adapter cards installed installed Description of problem Steps necessary to re create problem Logical Drive Configuration Cache Read Write of Physical Policy _ _Policy Policy Drives RAID Level Logical Drive Size Stripe Size Logical Drive Preface ix Physical Device Layout x eed Target ID Channel 1 Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware l
78. ty data created during the exclusive or is then written to the last drive in each RAID 3 array The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID set RAID 30 can sustain one to four drive failures while maintaining data integrity if each failed disk is in a different RAID 3 array Uses Use RAID 30 for sequentially written and read data pre press and video on demand that requires a higher degree of fault tolerance and medium to large capacity Strong Points Provides data reliability and high data transfer rates Weak Points Requires 2 4 times as many parity drives as RAID 3 Drives Six to 32 fa Seg 1 Seg 2 Parity1 2 Parity 3 4 Seg 5 Seg 6 Parity 5 6 Parity 7 8 amp Seg 9 L Seg 10 d Parity 9 10 Seg 11 S Seg 12 p Parity 11 12 RAID Chapter 3 RAID Levels 27 RAID 50 RAID 50 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID 5 RAID 50 includes both parity and disk striping across multiple drives RAID 50 is best implemented on two RAID 5 disk arrays with data striped across both disk arrays RAID 50 breaks up data into smaller blocks and then stripes the blocks of data to each RAID 5 raid set RAID 5 breaks up data into smaller blocks calculates parity by performing an exclusive or on the blocks and then writes the blocks of data and parity to each drive in the array The size of each block is dete
79. udible Warnings ecceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeneeees 93 Index iaia 95 Contents Preface The ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller supports all single ended and low voltage differential LVD SCSI devices on an Ultra and Wide SCSI channel with data transfer rates up to 80 MB s Megabytes per second This manual describes ADAC Ultra2 S466 Limited Warranty The buyer agrees if this product proves to be defective that Gateway is only obligated to repair or replace this product at Gateway s discretion according to the terms and conditions of the warranty registration card that accompanies this product Gateway shall not be liable in tort or contract for any loss or damage direct incidental or consequential resulting from the use of this product Please see the Warranty Registration Card shipped with this product for full warranty details Limitations of Liability Gateway Inc shall in no event be held liable for any loss expenses or damages of any kind whatsoever whether direct indirect incidental or consequential whether arising from the design or use of this product or the support materials provided with the product No action or proceeding against Gateway may be commenced more than two years after the delivery of product to Licensee of Licensed Software Licensee agrees to defend and indemnify Gateway from any and all claims suits and liabilities including attorney s fees arising out of or resulting from an
80. user interface Management utility Bootup configuration via ADAC Configuration Manager Yes Online Read Write and cache policy switching Internet and intranet support through TCP IP Operating System Software Drivers Operating System Drivers ADAC Ultra2 S466 includes a DOS software configuration utility and drivers for Windows NT V4 0 Novell NetWare 4 x 05 2 SCO UnixWare 2 1x and SCO Open Server R5 0x The DOS drivers for ADAC Ultra2 S466 are contained in the firmware on ADAC Ultra2 S466 except the DOS ASPI and CD ROM drivers Call your Gateway OEM support representative for information about drivers for other operating systems Chapter 4 Features 33 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Specifications Parameter Specification Card Size 7 375 x 4 2 half length PCI Processor Intel i960RP 32 bit RISC processor 33 MHz Bus Type PCI 2 1 PCI Controller Intel i960RP Bus Data Transfer Rate Up to 132 MB s BIOS AMIBIOS ADAC Ultra2 466 BIOS Cache Configuration 4 8 16 32 64 or 128 MB through a 60 ns x 36 Fast Page Mode or EDO 72 pin SIMM Firmware 1 MB x 8 flash ROM Nonvolatile RAM 32 KB x 8 for storing RAID configuration Operating Voltage 5 00 V 0 25 V SCSI Controller One SCSI controller for Ultra and Wide support SCSI Data Transfer Up to 80 MB s Rate SCSI Bus LVD or single ended SCSI Termination Active Termination Disable Autom
81. ve fails Hot spares permit you to replace failed drives without system shutdown or user intervention ADAC Ultra2 S466 implements automatic and transparent rebuilds using hot spare drives providing a high degree of fault tolerance and zero downtime The ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID Management software allows you to specify physical drives as hot spares When a hot spare is needed the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller assigns the hot spare that has a capacity closest to and at least as great as that of the failed drive to take the place of the failed drive Important connected to the same controller Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 13 Disk Rebuild Rebuild Rate Physical Array You rebuild a disk drive by recreating the data that had been stored on the drive before the drive failed Rebuilding can be done only in arrays with data redundancy such as RAID level 1 3 5 10 30 and 50 Standby warm spare rebuild is employed in a mirrored RAID 1 system If a disk drive fails an identical drive is immediately available The primary data source disk drive is the original disk drive A hot spare can be used to rebuild disk drives in RAID 1 3 5 10 30 or 50 systems If a hot spare is not available the failed disk drive must be replaced with a new disk drive so that the data on the failed drive can be rebuilt The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller automatically and transparently rebuilds failed drives with user definable rebuild
82. ves The RAID 1 logical drives must have the same stripe size 30 Configure RAID 30 by spanning two contiguous RAID 3 logical drives The RAID 3 logical drives must have the same stripe size 50 Configure RAID 50 by spanning two contiguous RAID 5 logical drives The RAID 5 logical drives must have the same stripe size Note Spanning two contiguous RAID 0 logical drives does not produce a new RAID level or add fault tolerance It does increase the size of the logical volume and improves performance by doubling the number of spindles 10 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide Disk Mirroring With mirroring used in RAID 1 data written to one disk drive is simultaneously written to another disk drive If one disk drive fails the contents of the other disk drive can be used to run the system and reconstruct the failed drive The primary advantage of disk mirroring is that it provides 100 data redundancy Since the contents of the disk drive are completely written to a second drive it does not matter if one of the drives fails Both drives contain the same data at all times Either drive can act as the operational drive Disk mirroring provides 100 redundancy but is expensive because each drive in the system must be duplicated Segment 1 Duplicate Segment 2 Duplicate Segment 3 Duplicate Segment 4 Duplicate Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID 11 Parity Parity generates a set of redundancy data from two or more paren
83. wide SCSI devices cable assembly for converting from internal wide SCSI connectors to internal non wide Type 2 connectors cable assembly for converting from internal wide to internal non wide SCSI connectors Type 30 and cable assembly for converting from internal wide to internal non wide SCSI connectors Cont d Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors 83 68 Pin High Density Connectors Continued Cable Assembly for Internal Wide SCSI Devices The cable assembly for connecting internal wide SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 0000000000000000000000000000000000 O000000000000000000000000000000000 pin 1 pin 1 e O0D00000000000000000000000000000000 FEET RT Connectors 68 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Cable Flat Ribbon or Twisted Pair Flat Cable 68 Conductor 0 025 Centerline 30 AWG Cont d 84 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 68 Pin High Density Connectors Continued Connecting Internal and External Wide Devices The cable assembly for connecting internal wide and external wide SCSI devices is shown below sunsnaanazeziazaazanianazeazezana A pin 1 pin 1
84. y actual or alleged act or omission on the part of Licensee its authorized third parties employees or agents in connection with the distribution of Licensed Software to end users including without limitation claims suits and liability for bodily or other injuries to end users resulting from use of Licensee s product not caused solely by faults in Licensed Software as provided by Gateway to Licensee Cont d Preface vii Preface Continued Package Contents You should have received a ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller a ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide a ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide a ADAC Ultra2 S466 Operating System Drivers Guide e software license agreement e diskette s with the ADAC Ultra2 S466 software and e a warranty registration card Technical Support If you need help installing configuring or running the ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller call your Gateway OEM Technical Support representative For the current number refer to the Assistance Resources Brochure that was included with your system Before you call please complete the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Problem Report form on the next page Web Site We invite you to access the Gateway world wide web site at http www gateway com viii ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide ADAC Ultra2 S466 Problem Report Form ADAC Ultra2 466 Information Nam Today s Date mai Date of Purchase Address Invoice Number Ci

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