Fluke Ti20 User's Manual
Contents
1. dag110f bmp 4 Press lt to move the window to the left lower or gt to move the window to the right higher 5 Press 9 DONE two times to return to the Home display MAN He 0j02 14 11 40 58 100 js 25 2 C Left heater inlet Adjust Level dag111f bmp Basic Operation Adjusting the Span Adjusting the Span The full temperature span of the Imager is 10 C to 350 C 14 F to 662 F The LCD display shows about 256 shades of color for whatever pallet you select Adjusting the temperature span allows you to see more subtle temperature gradients in a captured image For example if you are viewing an image with a temperature span from 10 C to 30 C and are using the Imager at full temperature span the image will be concentrated into only about 15 of the 256 shades that could be shown Reducing the temperature span to 10 C to 30 C allows you to view the display with the full range of about 256 shades F2 1 Press HOME one time from the Home display to access the set Mode menu 2 Press MANUAL to manually set Level and Scan mode or AUTO to have the Imager automatically set Level and Scan F3 3 Press 4 Press to close the range window or 3 lt D to open the range window The minimum temperature span setting is 5 C SPAN to access the set Span function Manually Activating the Calibration Flag When the Imager is first2. Gray Rainbow default Ironbow Gray Reverse Measurement Modes Automatic or Manual LOD Backlight n tee Bright Dim selectable Operational Adjustable Emissivity eessess 10 to 1 00 by 0 01 Liquid Crystal Display seseessssss 70 5 mm 2 78 in x 53 5 mm 2 1 in Reflected Background Temperature 50 to 905 C 58 to 1661 F Ambient Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F Relative Humidity esesesesses 10 to 90 noncondensing Storage Temperature sssesssss 25 to 70 C 13 to 158 F without batteries Storage Capacity ooocoonncccconcccccnoccccnancccnonancnnancnnn 50 images Electrical Power e Rechargeable battery pack included Battery Life Minimum 3 hours continuous use Battery Charge Time 2 hours in the Imager 1 hour in the external charger or until the green LED turns on Data Transfer om e USB interface transfer time 25 sec for 50 images Storage Device Flash Memory D 1 Ti20 Users Manual D 2 Other Welt seen 1 2 kg 2 65 Ib SHOCK ee anni Half sine 11 ms 30 g peak per MIL PRF 28800F Vibration nire rente nee Random 6G Sinusoidal MIL PRF 28800 paragraph 4 5 5 3 1 Class 2 EMG na eda eds s EN 61326 1
3. Ti20 Revisions 0 12 0 13 Serial 12345678 0001 User Name Mike Oldfield Station My little laptop Route Name Inspection Route Route Comments This inspection route goes through the wehole factory wero DR dag102f eps Figure 2 1 Imager Splash Screen 2 1 Ti20 Users Manual Understanding the Home Display The Imager returns to the Home display when you complete a menu operation escape or cancel an operation using the A soft key or the by pressing the trigger Figure 2 2 illustrates the Home display zones The Home display is divided into three zones e Header Zone The header zone displays information such as Imager status battery charge state power source and connection status e Image Zone The image zone displays live frozen and stored thermal images e Information Zone The information zone displays Imager settings status comments and selection options AUTO LI ec 0 02 14 11 33 02 10 350 Exe om os 28 3 C Left heater inlet The incoming air should be below MENU dag132f eps Figure 2 2 Imager Home Display Zones 2 2 Basic Operation Understanding the Home Display The contents of the Home display is described in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Contents of the Home Display Displayed Information Description Imager is in automatic imaging mode Imager is in manual imaging mode E Indicates the Imager is calibrating and is temporaril Calibrating 9 g P y incapa
4. in Figure 1 3 and described in Table 1 3 dag01f eps Figure 1 3 Ti20 Thermal Imager Features and Controls 1 6 Getting Started Operating the Controls Table 1 3 Features and Controls Number Description O e OO MIS Optical channel Laser aperture Wrist strap and attachment clip Trigger The trigger is used to freeze a thermal image Press the trigger one time to freeze the image for evaluation You can save the image or press and release the trigger again to delete the image USB port O0 AC adapter terminal Display The three soft keys C gi and 9 are used to navigate the menu structure of the Imager access all functions and select values for the various adjustable parameters The soft key is also used to turn the Imager On and Off Press and hold for two seconds to turn off the Imager 0 Battery compartment Threaded tripod mount Operating the Controls The following sections describe the purpose and function of the two Imager controls focus and trigger Focusing the Imager Proper focus is critically important in radiometric imaging applications The correct focus ensures that the infrared energy is being properly directed onto the pixels of the detector Without the correct focus the thermal image appears blurry and the radiometric data will be inaccurate Correct focus is necessary to accurately capture a thermal image Focus the Imager by turning the focus control in a clockwise or cou
5. or temperature surrounding the instrument Ambient Temperature Compensation TAMB Refer to Reflected Temperature Compensation ASTM ASTM is an abbreviation for American Society for Testing and Materials Atmospheric Windows The Atmospheric Windows is the infrared spectral bands in which the atmosphere best transmits radiant energy Two predominant windows are located at 2 to 5 um and at 8to 14 um Background Temperature Temperature behind and surrounding the target as viewed from the instrument A 1 Ti20 Users Manual A 2 Blackbody A perfect emitter an object that absorbs all the radiant energy incident on it at all wavelengths and reflects and transmits none A surface with emissivity of unity 1 00 Calibration A methodical measurement procedure to determine all the parameters significantly affecting an instrument s performance Calibration Source A source blackbody hot plate etc of known and traceable temperature and emissivity Usually NIST traceable in the USA with other recognized standards available for international customers Colored Body See Non Gray Body D S Distance to spot size ratio See Optical Resolution Detector A transducer which produces a voltage or current proportional to the IR energy incident upon it See also thermopile pyroelectric and Si detectors DIN Deutsches Institut f r Normung DIN is the German standard for many instrumentation products Display Res
6. the IR energy emitted from the measured object passes through the optical system of the thermometer or thermal imager and is converted to an electrical signal at the detector This signal is then displayed as a temperature reading and or thermal image There are several important factors that determine accurate measurement The most important factors are emissivity distance to spot ratio and field of view Q What is emissivity A All objects reflect transmit and emit energy Only the emitted energy indicates the temperature of the object When IR thermometers or thermal imagers measure the surface temperature they sense all three kinds of energy therefore all thermometers have to be adjusted to read emitted energy only Measuring errors are often caused by IR energy being reflected by light sources Some IR thermometers and thermal imagers allow you to change the emissivity in the unit The value of emissivity for various materials can be looked up in published emissivity tables Other units have a fixed pre set emissivity of 0 95 which is the emissivity value for most organic materials and painted or oxidized surfaces If you are using a thermometer or thermal imager with a fixed emissivity to measure the surface temperature of a shiny object you can compensate by covering the surface to be measured with masking tape or flat black paint Allow time for the tape or paint to reach the same temperature as the material underneath Measure t
7. the Ti20 requires you to press and hold to turn on the laser and keep it on When you release the laser turns off Capturing Images Recording images is a simple process but before starting you should note the current image location number If you have not stored any images the location number should be set at 1 default and the location descriptor will be blank Each captured image is numbered so you may refer to images by number The Imager can store up to 50 images 1 With the Imager turned on point the Imager at the target you want to record Squeeze the trigger once to capture the image If the captured image is not satisfactory press and release the trigger to discard the frozen image Use the cross hairs to align the Imager at a point on the target AUTO LH lt gt 0 02 14 11 36 31 100 225 25 4 C Left heater inlet Image Captured CANCEL COMPARE dag106f bmp 2 The confirmation message Image Captured appears at the bottom of the display 3 Inspect the image and if the result is satisfactory press STORE to store the image If an image is already stored in the memory location a prompt will ask you to confirm saving the image at that location Press YES CANCEL or COMPARE A YES returns the Imager to live viewing 4 Squeeze the trigger or press YES again to return to live viewing Comparing Frozen Images to Stored Images Use the Compare funct
8. those objects RTC has no effect ifthe emissivity is 1 0 Relative Humidity The ratio expressed as a percent of the amount of water vapor actually present in a sample of air to the greatest amount of water vapor possible at the same temperature Repeatability The degree to which a single instrument gives the same reading on the same object over successive measures under the same ambient and target conditions per the ASTM standard test method E 1256 88 Resolution See Temperature Resolution or Optical Resolution Response Time A measure of an instrument s change of out put corresponding to an instantaneous change in target temperature generally expressed in milli seconds for 95 percent of full scale temperature indication per the ASTM standard test method E 1256 88 The specification for Fluke instruments also includes the average time required for software computations Scatter Size of Source Effect An undesirable increase in temperature reading caused by IR energy outside the spot reaching the detector The effect is most pronounced when the target is much larger than the field of view Span The full temperature span of the Imager is 10 C to 350 C 14 F to 662 F The LCD display shows about 256 shades of color for whatever pallet you select Adjusting the temperature span allows you to see more subtle temperature gradients in a captured image Spectral Response The wavelength region in which the IR The
9. 0 3 0 4 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 Electropolished 0 2 0 5 0 25 0 15 Iron Oxidized 0 4 0 8 0 5 0 9 0 5 0 9 Unoxidized 0 35 0 1 0 3 n r Rusted n r 0 6 0 9 0 5 0 7 Molten 0 35 0 4 0 6 n r C 2 Table C 1 Emissivity Values for Metals cont Appendices Typical Emissivity Values Emissivity Materiel 1 0 um 1 6 um 8 to14 um Iron Cast Oxidized 0 7 0 9 0 7 0 9 0 6 0 95 Unoxidized 0 35 0 3 0 2 Molten 0 35 0 3 0 4 0 2 0 3 Iron Wrought Dull 0 9 0 9 0 9 Lead Polished 0 35 0 05 0 2 n r Rough 0 65 0 6 0 4 Oxidized n r 0 3 0 7 0 2 0 6 Magnesium 0 3 0 8 0 05 0 3 n r Mercury n r 0 05 0 15 n r Molybdenum Oxidized 0 5 0 9 0 4 0 9 0 2 0 6 Unoxidized 0 25 0 35 0 1 0 35 0 1 Monel Ni Cu 0 3 0 2 0 6 0 1 0 14 Nickel Oxidized 0 8 0 9 0 4 0 7 0 2 0 5 Electrolytic 0 2 0 4 0 1 0 3 n r Platinum Black n r 0 95 0 9 Silver n r 0 02 n r Steel Cold Rolled 0 8 0 9 0 8 0 9 0 7 0 9 Ground Sheet n r nir 0 4 0 6 Polished Sheet 0 35 0 25 0 1 Molten 0 35 0 25 0 4 n r Oxidized 0 8 0 9 0 8 0 9 0 7 0 9 Stainless 0 35 0 2 0 9 0 1 0 8 C C 3 Ti20 Users Manual Table C 1 Emissivity Values for Metals cont Emissivity Materia 1 0 um 1 6 um 81014 um Tin Unoxidized 0 25 0 1 0 3 n r Titaniu
10. FLUKE Ti20 Thermal Imager Users Manual January 2006 2006 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved All product names are trademarks of their respective companies LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of shipment Parts product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller and does not apply to fuses disposable batteries or to any product which in Fluke s opinion has been misused altered neglected contaminated or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non defective media Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair
11. MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision maker of competent jurisdiction such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B V P O Box 9090 P O Box 1186 Everett WA 98206 9090 5602 BD Eindhoven U S A The Netherlands 11 99 Table of Contents Chapter Title 1 Getting Started ana A Contacting Fl ke u a an RR Safety Information eeeeessseesseenseenneenneennennnennnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnsennsennneensennsennnnnen Laser Warning Labels eise dina inciso gina Unpacking the lmagor niinniin enia a e NE ESEE aR s Features and Controls reete BER ES E Operating the Controls nono nono n a enne Focusing the Imaget A TO Understanding the Trigger nennen Using the AC Power Adapter essen eene Charging and Replacing the Batteries sess Using the Battery Charger esssssssseeeeeeeeeneeneen ad ia Installing or Replacing t
12. alues The following tables provide references for estimating emissivity and can be used when the user does not have the means or the time to determine the emissivity value experimentally Emissivity values shown in the tables are only approximate Any or all of the following parameters can affect the emissivity of an object Temperature Angle of measurement Geometry plane concave convex etc Thickness Surface quality polished rough oxidized sandblasted Spectral region of measurement Transmissivity 1 e thin film plastics Note These following tables are to be used as a guide only as emissivity changes with temperature viewing angle wavelength target geometry and surface finish C 1 Ti20 Users Manual Table C 1 Emissivity Values for Metals Emissivity aan 1 0 um 1 6 um 8 to 14 um Aluminum Unoxidized 0 1 0 2 0 02 0 2 n r Oxidized 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 4 Alloy A3003 Oxidized n r 0 4 0 3 Roughened 0 2 0 8 0 2 0 6 0 1 0 3 Polished 0 1 0 2 0 02 0 1 n r Brass Polished 0 8 0 95 0 01 0 05 n r Burnished n r n r 0 3 Oxidized 0 6 0 6 0 5 Chromium 0 4 0 4 n r Copper Polished n r 0 03 n r Roughened n r 0 05 0 2 n r Oxidized 0 2 0 8 2 0 9 0 4 0 8 Electrical Terminal Blocks n r n r 0 6 Gold 0 3 0 01 0 1 n r Haynes Alloy 0 5 0 9 0 6 0 9 0 3 0 8 Inconel Oxidized 0 4 0 9 0 6 0 9 0 7 0 95 Sandblasted
13. ault description is the number of the current Information memory location You can create a text description Memory Location Description using InsidelR and upload that location description and image into the Imager Memory location description is limited to 30 characters Notes about the memory location created using InsidelR There is no limit to the number of characters you can enter with the software but the Imager will only display the first 30 characters This varies by screen and operation Examples include Status Comments Overwrite memory location 25 or Selection Delete image Options Delete ALL images ON or OFF for backlight adjustment C or F for temperature scale Aiming and Activating the Laser The laser is a sighting aid and is not required to take measurements The laser is not coaxial with the infrared channel and the laser dot is offset from the center of the thermal image the crosshatch at the center of the display The laser dot is not visible in the thermal image A Warning A To avoid eye damage do not point laser at eye directly or indirectly off reflective surfaces 1 Press for j 2 seconds to turn on the Imager The date appears in the upper right hand portion of the display 2 Press to turn the laser on and off The laser warning symbol EW appears in the Header zone of the display when the laser is turned on Basic Operation 2 Capturing Images Note The Japanese model of
14. ble of measuring Tri i ll nd a thermal image is frozen on the Capture rigger is pulled a g display Imager is in review stored images mode a or uS Deleting stored images Header Dat dTi Date is in DD MM YY format and time is in 24 hour ate and me format HH MM Battery charge state A fully charged battery is indicated with four bars and a discharged battery is indicated by one bar Indicates the Imager is connected to an AC power source The Imager has established a USB connection with the PC The live video output symbol indicates that images are being copied from the Imager to the connected PC Thermal Image i 4 Displays live frozen and stored thermal images 2 Ti20 Users Manual Table 2 1 Contents of the Home Display cont Displayed Number Zone Information Description Displays the target temperature lower alarm limit blue Temperature upside triangle high alarm limit red upside down Scale triangle temperature range bar and temperature color bar Emissivity Display setting preceded by a 1 or O and followed by Setting two places after the decimal point RTC Setting Reflected temperature compensation setting if RTC is turned on No decimal places Displays current memory location and total memory locations available For example if the display shows Memory Location Memory 16 32 this indicates that you are at memory location 16 and there are 32 memory locations with stored images The def
15. ce from the instrument where the optical resolution is greatest Full Scale The maximum of the temperature range or output signal Full Scale Accuracy A convention for expressing the accuracy as percentage of an instrument s highest full scale temperature Gray Body A radiating object whose emissivity is in constant ratio not unity at all wavelengths to that of a blackbody at the same temperature and does not transmit infrared energy HAL High Alarm Units with this feature can sound an alarm when they sense that a user defined high temperature has been reached Hertz Hz Units in which frequency is expressed Synonymous with cycles per second Infrared IR The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum extending from the far red visible at approximately 0 75 um out to 1000 um However because of instrument design considerations and the atmospheric windows most infrared measurements are made between 0 75 um and 20 um Infrared Thermometer An instrument that converts incoming IR radiation from a spot on a target surface to a measurement value that can be related to the temperature of that spot LAL Low Alarm Units with this feature can sound an alarm when they sense that a user defined low temperature has been reached Laser Single or dual lasers are used in some units for aiming and or locating the optimum temperature measurement point A 3 Ti20 Users Manual A 4 Level Level is the median poi
16. ching the object The temperature is shown on the LCD display Lightweight compact and easy to use IR thermometers and thermal imagers can safely measure hot hazardous or hard to reach surfaces without contaminating or damaging the object Also infrared thermometers can provide several readings per second as compared to contact methods where each measurement can take several minutes Q How does IR work A IR thermometers capture the invisible infrared energy naturally emitted from all objects Infrared radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum which includes radio waves microwaves visible light ultraviolet gamma and X rays Infrared falls between the visible light of the spectrum and radio waves Infrared wavelengths are usually expressed in microns with the infrared spectrum extending from 0 7 microns to 1000 microns In practice the 0 7 to 14 micron band is used for IR temperature measurement Figure B 1 illustrates the infrared measurement region B 1 Ti20 Users Manual Visible Gamma i io Rays X Rays Ultraviolet SHF HF MF LF VLF 0 1A 1A 1UA 100A Oty i cm 10cm im 10m 100m ikm 10km 100km Wavelength Wavelength um dag011f eps Figure B 1 Infrared Measurement Region Q How to assure accurate temperature measurement A A solid understanding of infrared technology and its principles lies behind accurate temperature measurement When the temperature is measured by a non contact device
17. cified in this manual or the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Table 1 1 Symbols Conforms to requirements of European Warning Laser Union and European Free Trade Association Do not mix with solid waste stream Dispose using a qualified recycler or Important information see manual hazardous material handler 1 2 Laser Warning Labels Euro US Japanese CAUTION A Figure 1 1 Laser Warning Labels Chinese Getting Started Laser Warning Labels dag133f eps 1 3 Ti20 Users Manual Unpacking the Imager Begin by opening the shipping box Be sure to save the box and shipping materials in case you need to ship the Imager Inside the shipping box you will find a hard carrying case containing the standard accessories shown in Figure 1 2 and described in Table 1 2 dag134f eps Figure 1 2 Standard Accessories Getting Started Unpacking the Imager Table 1 2 Standard Accessories PN 1671807 USB Cable PN 2444076 International AC Adapter PN 2507729 External Charger for 4 PN 2518704 Hard Case Rechargeable Battery Pack PN 2455818 Soft Case with Shoulder Strap PN 2443380 Wrist Strap PN 2446641 Rechargeable Battery Pack 2 PN 2455807 AA Battery Tray PN 2492146 CD ROM with InsidelR 40 PN 2492168 Getting Started Guide software and Users Manual and PN 2492154 Ti20 Training Material 1 5 Ti20 Users Manual Features and Controls Imager features and controls are shown
18. e Do not take temperature measurement through glass Glass has very distinctive reflection and transmission properties that do not allow accurate infrared temperature reading Infrared thermometers are not recommended for use in measuring shiny or polished metal surfaces stainless steel aluminum etc See Emissivity e Watch for environmental conditions Steam dust smoke etc can prevent accurate measurement by obstructing the unit s optics e Watch for ambient temperatures If the thermometer is exposed to abrupt ambient temperature differences of 10 degrees or more allow it to adjust to the new ambient temperature for at least twenty minutes Q What are some uses for non contact thermometers A The most popular uses include e Predictive and Preventive Industrial Maintenance check transformers electrical panels connectors switchgear rotating equipment furnaces and much more e Automotive Diagnose cylinder heads and heating cooling systems e HVAC R Monitor air stratification supply return registers and furnace performance e Food Service amp Safety Scan holding serving and storage temperatures e Process Control amp Monitoring check process temperature of steel glass plastics cement paper food amp beverage For additional information on applications for non contact IR thermometers visit our website at www fluke com thermography Ti20 Users Manual B 4 Appendix C Typical Emissivity V
19. e size is defined by the diameter of the IR energy spot at the focus typically at the 90 IR energy spot diameter Optical resolution may also be specified for the far field by using values of far field distance and spot size Pyroelectric Detector Infrared detector that behaves as a current source with an output proportional to the rate of change of the incident IR energy Radiation Thermometer A device that calculates an object s temperature given a known emissivity from measurement of either visible or infrared radiation from that object Reflectance The ratio of the radiant energy reflected off a surface to that incident on the surface for a gray body this is equal to unity minus emittance for a perfect mirror this approaches unity and for a blackbody the reflectance is zero Appendices A Glossary Reflected Temperature Compensation Correction feature used to achieve greater accuracy when due to a high uniform background temperature infrared energy is reflected off the target into the instrument If the background temperature is known the instrument reading can be corrected by using this feature Targets that have low emissivities will reflect energy from nearby objects which may result is inaccurate readings Sometimes objects near the target machines furnaces or other heat sources have a temperature much higher than that of the target In these situations it is necessary to compensate for the reflected energy from
20. ess SLEEP to access the Sleep Mode Adjust display 3 Press lt to move the choice box left or to move the choice box right Options are 5 15 30 60 minutes or OFF AUTO e en 0 03 14 12 00 17 g 1 225 28 2 C krr Sleep Mode Adjust Smin 15min 30min 60min DONE dag127f bmp 4 Press 9 DONE to return to the Home display 3 3 9 Ti20 Users Manual 3 10 Appendices Appendix Contents Page nn Basics of Infrared Measurement c ccce sess Typical Emissivity Values lt lt a a C 1 SPS GEM NING a cae se n Appendix A Glossary Absolute Zero The temperature 0 degrees Kelvin of an object defined by the theoretical condition where the object has zero energy Accuracy Maximum deviation expressed in temperature units or as a percentage of the temperature reading or as a percentage of the full scale temperature value or as a percentage of the target temperature indicating the difference between a temperature reading given by an instrument under ideal operating conditions and the temperature of a calibration source per the ASTM standard test method E 1256 88 Ambient Derating Refer to Temperature Coefficient Ambient Operating Range Range of the ambient temperature conditions over which the thermometer is designed to operate Ambient Temperature Ambient temperature is the room temperature
21. he AC Power Adapter Getting Started Using the AC Power Adapter dag007f eps Ti20 Users Manual Charging and Replacing the Batteries With the Ti20 you have the option of using six AA batteries or a rechargeable NiMH pack The use of both options is described in the following pages Battery charger use is shown is Figure 1 6 and battery placement in Figure 1 7 Using the Battery Charger dag008f eps Figure 1 6 Using the Battery Charger Getting Started Charging and Replacing the Batteries Installing or Replacing the Batteries Replace the batteries with six AA batteries NEDA 15A or IEC LR6 Install or Replace the AA battery cartridge as described below and shown in Figure 1 7 1 Unlock the battery compartment by using a standard screwdriver to turn the battery door screw one quarter turn counterclockwise Slide the battery compartment door off the grip Uncouple the battery connector and remove the rechargeable battery or battery pack Change the rechargeable battery or battery pack with fresh batteries Replace and reconnect the rechargeable battery or battery pack Replace the battery door Secure the door by turning the screw one quarter turn clockwise e Closed dag03f eps Figure 1 7 Replacing the Battery Pack Ti20 Users Manual Attaching the Wrist Strap A wrist strap is included with your Imager You can attach the wrist strap by clipping the strap to the attachment clip o
22. he Batteries uneenserseersnensnenennnsnnsnennneenne nennen Attaching the Wrist Strap sse enne ener enne Inputs and Connections une is rede ee rr ei ep rea iive ee erasa ehe en baa ge Connecting the USB Cable unsnsenseenneensnennennnnnnnnneene nennen Mounting the Imager on a Tripod sss Gc Mm Cleaning the Case ron PEE Cleaning the Lens ceci sas 2 Basic Dberaloli uo cpi cnini Hi M MM LE Turning the Imager On and Off sse Understanding the Home Display essen Aiming and Activating the Laser sss C pt ring Images nn aan Comparing Frozen Images to Stored Images Adjusting the Backlight cocida Setting the Temperature Scale sess visant ELT Adjusting the Span ica o ee etae Rae rannte Manually Activating the Calibration Flag sese Using Distance to Spot Size Ratio D S sess Ti20 Users Manual Environmental Conditions essent rennen Ambient Temperature Derating and Thermal Shock sss O paersei ni suudeadtens4 cage tv ante seevedeiae EEE EREE E S Reflected Temperature Compensation esee 3 Advanced Imager Operation eere Data Management and Storage uuneneeessennsennsennneenneennnnennenneennennne nennen Viewing Stored rmiages oce een tke qv UR eT de Deleting Mit RM Select
23. he temperature of the taped or painted surface That is the true temperature Appendices B Basics of Infrared Measurement Q What is the distance to spot ratio A The optical system of an infrared thermometer collects the infrared energy from a circular measurement spot and focuses it on the detector Optical resolution is defined by the ratio of the distance from instrument to the object compared to the size of the spot being measured D S ratio The larger the ratio number the better the instrument s resolution and the smaller the spot size that can be measured The laser sighting included in some instruments only helps to aim at the measured spot A recent innovation in infrared optics is the addition of a Close Focus feature which provides accurate measurement of small target areas without including unwanted background temperatures Make sure that the target is larger than the spot size the unit is measuring The smaller the target the closer you should be to it When accuracy is critical make sure that the target is at least twice as large as the spot size Q How to take temperature measurement A To take a temperature measurement just point the unit at the object you wish to measure Be sure to consider distance to spot size ratio and field of view There are important things to keep in mind while using infrared thermometers e Measure surface temperature only The IR thermometer cannot measure internal temperatures
24. ing Palencia diia ii INN eene Adjusting Reflected Temperature Compensation Values ussus Setting Alarm Limits saves cosssacesecacosecasaceseedesteaseeesecevscotaccestsed nn havcaeeusessessevaecsess Adjusting Sleep Mode 3 2 acia Appendices A GOSSAIY cenean asa cts D LEM B Basics of Infrared Measurement C Typical Emissivity Values D Specifications scere i ninas List of Tables Title Page unb cm FEX Standard Accessories using ENa E aN E NNE SENNA ONNE ENAN 1 5 Features and Controls erae adidas 1 7 Contents of the Home Display unsnseesensenseennnennnennnennnnennnnnnnne cnn enee nenne 12 3 Emissivity Values for Metals oooconoccnoconococonnnonnnonnnnonnnon cono nono nono ons ennnnennnn essen C 2 Emissivity Values for Non Metals ccccesccesscesseeeeeeeeeeeesceeeeeaecsseeeeeneeeaeenes C 4 iii Ti20 Users Manual List of Figures Figure Title 1 1 Laser Warning Labels 5 sen Raten an a 1 2 Standard ACCeSSOFIeS aee cei de e Iib ke ERAI EE e DR kennen dans 1 3 Ti20 Thermal Imager Features and Controls seen 1 4 IE AAA seem 1 5 Using the AC Power Adapter ennt nennen nennen 1 6 Using the Battery Charger nennen ener 1 7 Replacing the Battery PackK ooonnocnnccninonocnnonnconnconnnnonononnon nono nocn noc nnc enne nenne 1 8 Attaching the Wrist Strap enne nnne 1 9 Connecting Using the USB Cable sss eene 1 10 Mou
25. ion technology to provide a clear thermal image with accurate temperature measurements up to 350 C 662 F e Is protected against dust and moisture IP54 rated for use in harsh industrial environments e Provides a minimum of 3 hours of continuous battery life Contacting Fluke To contact Fluke call 1 888 993 5853 in USA 1 800 363 5853 in Canada 31 402 675 200 in Europe 81 3 3434 0181 in Japan 65 738 5655 in Singapore 1 425 446 5500 from anywhere in the world Or visit Fluke s Web site at www fluke com To register your product visit register fluke com 1 1 Ti20 Users Manual Safety Information Use the Imager only as specified in this manual See Table 1 for a list of symbols used on the Imager and in this manual A A Warning identifies hazardous conditions and actions that could cause bodily harm or death A A Caution identifies conditions and actions that could damage the Imager or cause permanent loss of data A Warning e A To avoid eye damage do not point laser directly at eye or indirectly off reflective surfaces e Use of controls or adjustments or performance or procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous laser radiation exposure e To avoid a burn hazard remember that highly reflective objects will result in lower than actual temperature measurements See Emissivity information later in this manual for more information e Do not use in a manner not spe
26. ion to confirm that you have capture an image of the target from the correct position and to do a quick check of any thermal readings between the saved imaged and the captured image 1 With the captured image on the display press COMPARE to compare the captured image to a stored image 2 Press A to retrieve the next stored image or gl Y brings up the previous stored image Stored images appear on the right side of the display and the captured image appears on the left side of the display 2 5 Ti20 Users Manual AUTO LH e 0 02 14 11 37 43 IMAGE New IMAGE 2 25 12 02 05 12 02 04 11 36 26 09 09 16 25 7 C SORE 100 100 RTC OFF RTC OFF Left heater inlet The incoming air should be below 50 C otherwise it s overheating de DONE Y dag108f bmp Note If no image is stored at the current memory location the right side of the display is black 3 Press gj DONE to save the captured image This will overwrite the current image location Adjusting the Backlight Backlight ON is recommended for indoor use set the backlight OFF for outdoor applications and to save battery life The default backlight setting is ON 1 From the Home display press g MENU five times to access the backlight function 2 Press BACKLIGHT to toggle the backlight ON and OFF 2 6 Basic Operation 2 Setting the Temperature Scale Setting the Temperature Scale The Imager displays temperatures using ei
27. ivity values for the most common materials There are two methods that help you to find the emissivity value of materials Tape method The tape method requires the usage of the Scotch brand PVC tape emissivity value 0 97 or equivalent Cover the surface you want to measure with tape Wait some seconds for the temperature to stabilize Set the emissivity of the Imager at 0 97 and measure the temperature Make a note of the temperature value Then remove the tape and measure the new temperature value Adjust the emissivity accordingly until the temperature value found previously is displayed on the Imager This emissivity value is the one of the material being measured This method is good for objects that are at low temperatures under 100 C 212 F not electrically energized and not in motion Contact thermometer method The contact thermometer method uses a contact probe and good quality temperature meter Initially use the contact probe temperature meter to measure the temperature of the object you want to know the emissivity value allowing time for the contact probe to stabilize this may take up to a minute Note the temperature value and adjust the emissivity on the Imager accordingly until the temperature value found previously with contact probe temperature meter is displayed on the imager display This emissivity value is the one of the material being measured This method is good for objects that are at moderately high tempera
28. m Polished 0 5 0 75 0 3 0 5 n r Oxidized n r 0 6 0 8 0 5 0 6 Tungsten n r 0 1 0 6 n r Polished 0 35 0 4 0 1 0 3 n r Zinc Oxidized 0 6 0 15 0 1 Polished 0 5 0 05 n r Table C 2 Emissivity Values for Non Metals Material Emissivity 1 0 um 1 6 um 8 to 14 um Asbestos 0 9 0 9 0 95 Asphalt n r 0 95 0 95 Basalt n r 0 7 0 7 Carbon Unoxidized 0 8 0 95 0 8 0 9 0 8 0 9 Graphite 0 8 0 9 0 7 0 9 0 7 0 8 Carborundum n r 0 9 0 9 Ceramic 0 4 0 85 0 95 0 95 Clay n r 0 85 0 95 0 95 Concrete 0 65 0 9 0 95 Cloth n r 0 95 0 95 Glass Plate n r 0 98 0 85 Gob n r 0 9 n r Gravel n r 0 95 0 95 Gypsum n r 0 4 0 97 0 8 0 95 Ice n r 0 98 C 4 Appendices e Typical Emissivity Values Table C 2 Emissivity Values for Non Metals cont Material Emissivity 1 0 um 1 6 um 8 to 14 um Limestone n r 0 4 0 98 Paint non Al 0 9 0 95 0 9 0 95 Paper any color n r 0 95 0 95 Plastic opaque over 20 mils n r 0 95 0 95 Rubber n r 0 9 0 95 Sand n r 0 9 0 9 Snow n r 0 9 Soil n r 0 9 0 98 Water n r 0 93 Wood Natural n r 0 9 0 95 To optimize surface temperature measurement accuracy consider the following e Determine the object emissivity for the spectral range of the instrument to be used for the measurement e Avoid reflections by shielding object from surrounding high temperature sources e For higher temperature objects use shorter wavelength instru
29. mage will blink and alarm value turns bold blue or bold red depending on which limit has been exceeded The default low alarm limit is 10 C 14 F and the default high alarm limit is 350 C 662 F 1 From the Home display press g MENU four times to navigate to the Adjust Alarm and Sleep Mode display 3 7 Ti20 Users Manual 2 Press ALARM to access the Adjust Alarms display Press LOW to adjust the low alarm limit or HIGH to adjust the high alarm limit AUTO e en 0 03 14 12 00 36 100 2 25 27 3 C RTC 25 Left heater inlet Adjust Alarm Limits LOW DONE dag124f bmp 4 Press A to increase the alarm limit or Y to decrease the alarm limit 0 03 14 12 00 51 0 03 14 12 01 12 1 amp 2 25 27 3 C RTC 2 25 26 8C RTC 25 Adjust Low Alarm Adjust High Alarm 20 C Sire DONE dag125f bmp dag126f bmp 5 Press 9 DONE two times to return to the Home display Advanced Imager Operation Adjusting Sleep Mode Adjusting Sleep Mode Sleep mode is used to conserve battery life if the Imager is turned on but not being used If you turn Sleep mode OFF the Imager will run until the battery is depleted If Sleep mode is enabled the Imager will automatically power down after the specified time period The default Sleep mode time period is 15 minutes 1 From the Home display press MENU four times to navigate to the Adjust Alarm and Sleep Mode display 2 Pr
30. ments whenever possible e For semi transparent materials such as plastic film and glass assure that the background is uniform and lower in temperature than the object e Hold instrument perpendicular to surface whenever emissivity is less than 0 9 In all cases do not exceed angles more than 30 degrees from incidence C 5 Ti20 Users Manual C 6 Appendix D Specifications Thermal Temperature Range 10 to 350 C 14 to 662 F Detector Type ae 80 x 60 thermal element focal plane array FPA ecl ea 2 C or 2 whichever is greater Repeatability 196 or 1 C 2 F whichever is greater NETD Thermal Sensitivity 200 mK Temperature Indication en 0 1 C or 0 2 F Optical Field of View FOV Rectangular 20 Horizontal x 15 Vertical Minimum Diameter eeenennn 8 1 mm 0 32 in at 61 cm 24 in Optical Resolution D S 75 1 or better Spectral Rahge cene 7 5 to 14 microns Target SightiN9 ooooconncccnnnnccnnocccinonccccnanccnnnano Single Laser IEC 825 93 Class Il FDA LFR 1040 10 Class II Instantaneous Field of View 4 4 mrad Controls FOCUS Ha ud e cedit 61 cm 24 in to infinity Temperature Scale ssssssssssss C or F selectable Palettes 95 Jis Usa Dit d Ma EHE Original
31. n the Imager housing dag131f eps Figure 1 8 Attaching the Wrist Strap Getting Started Inputs and Connections Inputs and Connections Connecting the USB Cable The included USB cable can be used to either download or upload data from a PC to the Imager To connect the USB cable insert the smaller USB connector into the Imager port and the larger connector into the PC USB port as shown in Figure 1 9 Communications begin automatically and a USB symbol ee appears in the header area of the Imager display when communications are established dag009f eps Figure 1 9 Connecting Using the USB Cable Ti20 Users Manual Mounting the Imager on a Tripod A tripod mount is provided on the bottom side of the Imager Rotate or screw the Imager onto a tripod using the tripod mount as shown in Figure 1 10 Threaded Tripod o o Figure 1 10 Mounting the Imager on a Tripod dag010f eps Cleaning This section describes how to clean the Imager case and lens Cleaning the Case Periodically wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent Do not use abrasives or solvents Getting Started Cleaning Cleaning the Lens Although the lens is coated with a durable erosion resistant coating according to MIL standards cleaning dust sand and other particles might scratch the coating and impair the performance of the lens A Caution To avoid damage do not use to
32. nt of a given temperature scale For example if the unit is currently in Automatic mode and there is a given thermal scene with MIN and MAX temperature limits the moment you switch the unit to Manual mode the Level value is set by the unit according to the following formula Max Span Min Span 2 Level dagt29t eps Micron or um 10 meters m or 0 000001 m Minimum spot size The smallest spot an instrument can accurately measure NETD Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference Peak to peak system electrical noise normally measured at the output display or analog expressed in F or C NIST Traceability Calibration in accordance with and against standards traceable to NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology USA Traceability to NIST is a means of ensuring that reference standards remain valid and their calibration remains current Non Gray Body A radiating object that is partly transparent to infrared transmits infrared energy at certain wavelengths also called Colored Bodies Glass and plastic films are examples of non gray bodies Optical Pyrometer A system that by comparing a source whose temperature is to be measured to a standardized source of illumination usually com pared to the human eye determines the temperature of the former source Optical Resolution The distance to size ratio D S of the IR measurement spot where the distance is usually defined at the focus distance and th
33. nterclockwise direction similar to the operation of a single lens reflex 35 mm photographic camera The Imager is designed to focus at a minimum distance of 61 cm 24 in or less rotated fully clockwise as viewed from the rear of the instrument and to a maximum of infinity rotated fully counterclockwise As you turn the focus control you will see a changing live thermal image on the display When your target comes into focus it will appear sharper When the target moves out of focus 1t becomes blurry One way to verify proper focus is to find what focus adjustment produces the highest temperature indication on the display keeping emissivity and Reflected Temperature Compensation RTC values constant preferably with emissivity set at 1 0 and RTC disabled See Figure 1 4 for an illustration of focusing the Imager 1 7 Ti20 Users Manual Focus Ring Optical Channel dag02f eps Figure 1 4 Focusing the Imager Understanding the Trigger The trigger is located in the standard trigger position for a pistol grip device The primary function of the trigger is to freeze a thermal image for possible storage to memory by the user The trigger freezes an image in the following modes e In automatic temperature level and span adjustment mode e In manual temperature level and span adjustment mode e When scrolling through the menu levels without entering a menu selection 1 8 Using the AC Power Adapter Figure 1 5 Using t
34. nting the Imager on a Tripod ene 2 1 Imager Splash Screen essen ener enne 2 2 Imager home Display Zones cooocoocnoocnocononnnoonnnnnnnnn nono nono nono nonn nono nono enne enne nnns 2 3 Relationship Between FOV and Measurement Spot and Reticle 2 4 Correct Field of Vi Wait oia 2 5 Reflected Temperature Compensation sss nennen B 1 Infrared Measurement Region essssssseseeeee enne Ti20 Users Manual vi Chapter 1 Getting Started Introduction The Fluke Ti20 Imager hereafter the Imager is a state of the art lightweight pistol grip style thermal imaging unit Using the Imager you can obtain instant and accurate thermal images and radiometric readings from distant targets The Imager is ergonomically designed for right hand or left hand use and captures thermal images and data with a simple trigger press The Imager can store up to 50 images that can be downloaded to your personal computer for storage analysis and report preparation The InsideIR companion software application lets you display examine and analyze your images and data to determine qualitative and quantitative trends associated with the target equipment You can also use InsideIR to define maintenance databases based on your equipment conditions monitoring and asset management needs The Imager provides high performance thermal imaging and is designed for industrial use The Ti20 e Uses new detect
35. ols or sharp objects when cleaning the lens e Ina clean room use compressed nitrogen to blow off dust and other particles e Ina field environment use a wet cloth to remove sand salt and other contaminants do not apply pressure e Wipe the lens using a soft tissue paper or lens tissue Y ou can also use solvents to remove grease and other contaminants e Acetone use to remove grease e Ethanol use to remove fingerprints and other contaminants e Alcohol use for final cleaning before use To clean the lens with a solvent 1 Weta tissue paper with acetone ethanol or alcohol 2 Carefully wipe the lens in an S motion so that each area of the lens will not be wiped more than once 3 Repeat step 2 until the lens is clean Use a new tissue each time Ti20 Users Manual Chapter 2 Basic Operation Turning the Imager On and Off Use the key to turn the Imager on and off To turn on the Imager press and hold the for approximately 2 seconds until the date and time appear in the upper right hand corner of the display The Imager splash screen appears until the Imager can reliably show an accurate thermal image After approximately 5 seconds the Imager loads the Home display The Imager splash screen is shown in Figure 2 1 and displays the following information Date and Time Fluke and MicroIR logos Model Number Serial Number Firmware Version Route Name if uploaded to Imager 0 02 14 11 52 24 Fluke
36. olution The level of precision to which a temperature value can be displayed usually expressed in degrees or tenths of degrees Drift The change in instrument indication over a long period of time not caused by external influences on the device per the ASTM standard test method E 1256 88 EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility is the resistance to electrical signal disturbances within IR thermometers Emissivity Emissivity is the ratio of infrared energy radiated by an object at a given temperature and spectral band to the energy emitted by a perfect radiator blackbody at the same temperature and spectral band The emissivity of a perfect blackbody is unity 1 00 EMI RFI Noise Electro Magnetic Interference Radio Frequency Interference EMI and RFI may cause disturbances to electrical signals within IR thermometers EMI and RFI noise is most commonly caused by devices by switching motors air conditioners power tools refrigeration systems etc Far Field A measured distance substantially greater than the focus distance of the instrument typically greater than 10 times the focus distance Appendices A Glossary Field of View FOV The region at the target measured by the IR thermometer Typically presented by giving the spot diameter as a function of distance from the instrument Also presented as the angular size of the spot at the focus point See Optical Resolution Focus Point or Distance The distan
37. perature Compensation Values As the RTC value changes the live thermal image will also change as the displayed temperature changes The default RTC setting is 100 C 212 F and the adjustment range is from 50 C to 600 C 58 F to 1112 F RTC is OFF in the factory default state 1 From the Home Display press MENU three times to navigate to the Adjust Emissivity and RTC display 2 Press RTC to access the Adjust RTC display 3 Press RTC to toggle RTC OFF ON or press ADJUST to access the Adjust RTC display AUTO CT ec 0 02 14 11 56 11 E LUJ 2 25 27 6 C R OF Adjust RTC ON ADIUST dag121f bmp 3 6 Advanced Imager Operation 3 Setting Alarm Limits 4 Inthe Adjust RTC function Press A to increase the RTC value or V7 to decrease the RTC value MAN He 0 02 14 11 57 26 Left heater inlet Adjust RTC dag122f bmp 5 Press DONE to return to the Home display Setting Alarm Limits When you adjust alarm limits the lower alarm limit appears in blue text in the information zone and upper alarm limit appears in red text in the information zone The low alarm indicator W and high alarm indicator P also move on the temperature scale When you scan a target that registers a temperature exceeding one of the alarm limits e A blinking alarm indicator appears on the Imager display e Ifthe center pixel target temperature exceeds the alarm limit the center i
38. replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country Fluke s warranty obligation is limited at Fluke s option to refund of the purchase price free of charge repair or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return authorization information then send the product to that service center with a description of the difficulty postage and insurance prepaid FOB Destination Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit Following warranty repair the product will be returned to Buyer transportation prepaid FOB Destination If Fluke determines that failure was caused by neglect misuse contamination alteration accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling including overvoltage failures caused by use outside the product s specified rating or normal wear and tear of mechanical components Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work Following repair the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges FOB Shipping Point THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
39. rmometer is sensitive Spot The diameter of the area on the target where the temperature determination is made The spot is defined by the circular aperture at the target that allows typically 90 of the IR energy to be collected by the instrument as compared with the 100 spot diameter which is defined by the IR energy collected from a very large target The actual size and distance to the target for the 100 spot diameter is specified in the calibration procedure for each instrument A 5 Ti20 Users Manual Stare A saturation effect caused by aiming a sensor at a hot target for an extended period of time and then quickly aiming at a target at a lower temperature The increase in time beyond the normal system response for the sensor to return to within 5 of the lower temperature is defined as the stare time Storage Temperature Range Ambient temperature range that the thermometer can safely withstand in a non operating mode and subsequently operate with in published performance specifications Target The object upon which the temperature determination is being made Temperature A degree of hotness or coldness of an object measurable by a specific scale where heat is defined as thermal energy in transit and flows from objects of higher temperature to objects of lower temperature Temperature Coefficient or Ambient Derating An indication of the instruments ability to maintain accuracy when the ambient conditions are s
40. roperly focused on a target 100 inches away the diameter of the measurement spot on the object will be 100 inches 75 1 33 inches If the Imager is focused on a target 24 inches away the diameter of the measurement spot on the object will be 24 inches 75 0 32 inches To achieve the smallest measurement spot D S 75 1 the imager must be properly focused on the object being measured 2 2 9 Ti20 Users Manual Measurement Spot S Diameter of the Spot FOV 2 10 Figure 2 3 Relationship Between FOV and Measurement Spot and Reticle dag135f eps Basic Operation 2 Environmental Conditions Incorrect Good dag005f eps Figure 2 4 Correct Field of View Environmental Conditions Watch for environmental conditions in the working area steam dust smoke etc can prevent accurate measurement by obstructing the path between the target and the Imager optics Noise electromagnetic fields or vibration are other conditions that can interfere with temperature measurements and should be considered before starting temperature measurements Ambient Temperature Derating and Thermal Shock The Imager s operating temperature range is 0 C to 50 C 32 F to 122 F As ambient temperature slowly deviates from 25 C 77 F there is a derating or the Imager s accuracy specification by 0 2 C C or 0 2 C whichever is greater For example if the Imager was operating in an ambient
41. temperature of 35 C the accuracy specification would be 2 35 25 x 0 2 4 C for temperatures less than 100 C or 0 02 35 25 x 0 002 x T temperature being measured for temperatures greater than 100 C The Imager will work accurately even when subjected to sudden ambient temperature change as large as 25 C 45 F of more going from a room at 25 C to a freezer room at 0 C For the most accurate readings you should e Wait 2 minutes after a large ambient shock greater than 10 C before making any readings e Turn the Imager on and then wait 3 seconds e For smaller ambient shocks 10 C change or less no special precautions are necessary Ti20 Users Manual 2 12 Emissivity Emissivity is the measure of an object s ability to emit infrared energy The hotter an object the more infrared energy it will emit Emissivity can have a value from 0 shiny mirror perfect reflector to 1 0 blackbody perfect emitter Most organic painted or oxidized surfaces have emissivity values close to 0 95 If you are performing qualitative inspections with your imager leave the emissivity set at 1 0 If you need to measure actual temperature values set the emissivity value according to the emissivity of the material the object you are measuring is made of Again if you need accuracy you will need to find the emissivity value of the material before taking the measurement See Appendix C for the emiss
42. ther the Celsius or Fahrenheit temperature scales The default temperature scale is Celsius 1 Press 8 MENU five times from the Home display to access the temperature scale function 2 Press TEMPSCALE to toggle the temperature scale between Fahrenheit and Celsius Setting the Level In Manual mode you can define Level and Span values manually Manual mode allows you to bring both MIN and MAX values to the desired cut off levels and to adjust the temperature interval to a minimum to maximizing color resolution Manual mode provides the best possible image definition as to the specific inspection situation at hand both from a thermal resolution and temperature level standpoint Level is the median point of a given temperature scale For example if the unit is currently in Automatic mode and there is a given thermal scene with MIN and MAX temperature limits the moment you switch the unit to Manual mode the Level value is set by the Imager according to the following formula Max Span Min Span Level 2 dag129f eps F2 1 Press ty MENU one time from the Home display to access the set Mode menu 2 Press MANUAL to manually set Level and Span mode or AUTO to have the Imager automatically set Level and Span dag109f bmp 2 7 Ti20 Users Manual 3 Press LEVEL to access the set Level function 100 as 29 9 C Left heater inlet The incoming air should be below
43. to choose a palette 3 3 Ti20 Users Manual 3 Press lt to move the selection to the left or 9 gt to move the selection to the right AUTO LH e 0 02 14 11 46 11 Gray Rainbow Hot Metal Select Palette DONE dag118f eps 4 Press gi DONE to make your selection and return to the Home display Adjusting Emissivity The amount of infrared energy radiated by an object depends on emissivity and temperature The emissivity depends on the material and its surface characteristics For more accurate readings adjust the emissivity value for the type of material you are measuring See Appendix C for typical emissivity values of various metallic and non metallic sources As emissivity changes the live thermal image will also change as the displayed temperature changes The default emissivity setting is 0 95 and the adjustmentment range is from 0 01 to 1 00 1 From the Home display press MENU three times to navigate to the Adjust Emissivity and RTC display 3 4 Advanced Imager Operation Adjusting Emissivity 2 Press to access the Adjust Emissivity display dag119f bmp 3 Press A to increase the emissivity value or V7 to decrease the emissivity value MAN C ec 0 02 14 11 57 50 00 1 2 25 26 1 C RTC 25 Left heater inlet Adjust Emissivity DONE dag120f bmp 4 Press DONE to return to the Home display 3 3 5 Ti20 Users Manual Adjusting Reflected Tem
44. tures under 250 C 482 F not electrically energized and not in motion Basic Operation 2 Reflected Temperature Compensation Reflected Temperature Compensation Targets that have low emissivities will reflect energy from nearby objects This additional reflected energy is added to target s own emitted energy and may result in inaccurate readings In some situations objects near the target machines furnaces or other heat sources have a temperature much higher than that of the target In these situations it is necessary to compensate for the reflected energy from those objects The concept of reflected temperature compensation is illustrated in Figure 2 5 Note The Reflected Temperature Compensation RTC feature is disabled when the emissivity is set to 1 00 dag006f eps Figure 2 5 Reflected Temperature Compensation 2 13 Ti20 Users Manual 2 14 Chapter 3 Advanced Imager Operation Data Management and Storage Viewing Stored Images 1 From the Home display press MENU two times 2 Press REVIEW for Review mode 100 o 26 2 C Left heater inlet The incoming air should be below dag114f bmp 3 Press A to view the next image or F3 V to view the previous image 4 Press 9 DONE to return to the Home display 3 1 Ti20 Users Manual Deleting Images Deleting an image deletes the image in the active memory location but retains location description any notes emissivi
45. turned on the image freezes briefly from time to time and an hourglass icon appears briefly on the display This is a normal process that happens when the unit momentarily shuts down the optical channel to eliminate offset errors This is a recalibration sequence that begins immediately after the unit is turned on Recalibration intervals occurs at 15 30 45 and 60 seconds and continues every 60 seconds unless a change in ambient temperature occurs A change in the internal temperature of 0 2 C 0 4 F forces the Imager to recalibrate before the 60 seconds are up and the new calibration cycle starts at that time To manually activate the calibration flag press FLAG from the Main or Home menu to start the recalibration sequence Using Distance to Spot Size Ratio D S The Ti20 imager views a portion of the scene that is 15 high by 20 wide the Field Of View FOV of the Imager as shown in Figure 2 3 This scene is displayed on the LCD on the back of the Imager The single temperature displayed numerically at the lower edge of the display however corresponds to a measurement of a much smaller part of the scene In particular it corresponds to the average temperatures of the area seen through the hole in the center of the reticle on the LCD display see Figure 2 3 The actual diameter of the measurement spot at the object is calculated by dividing the distance to the object by 75 the D S for the Imager If the Imager is p
46. ty and RTC setting A Caution The delete all selection completely erases the Imager flash memory including all images notes emissivity values and RTC settings Flash memory returns to the factory default state 1 From the Home display press MENU two times 2 Press MEMORY to access the Delete function 100 225 26 2 C Left heater inlet The incoming air should be below dag114f bmp 3 Press 3 for the Delete mode display 4 Press YES to delete the image you are viewing or DELETE ALL to delete all stored images deletes the displayed images but retains the memory location and information location description notes emissivity and RTC You can also press gj CANCEL to return to the Review mode display 3 2 Advanced Imager Operation 3 Selecting a Palette 5 The Delete ALL Images display show you a representation of the stored images Press YES to delete all the stored images or g CANCEL to return to the Home display Delete ALL Images dag117f bmp 6 After deleting all images you will return to the Home display Selecting a Palette Palettes are used to change the color of live thermal images or the palette of the temperature color bar Palette options are e Gray e Rainbow default palette e Ironbow e Reverse Grayscale 1 From the Home display press g MENU two times to navigate to the Palette Selection display 2 Press PALETTE
47. ubject to a slow change or drift The temperature coefficient is usually expressed as the percent change in accuracy per degree change in ambient temperature For a rapid change in ambient conditions refer to Thermal Shock Temperature Resolution The minimum simulated or actual change in target temperature that gives a usable change in output and or indication per the ASTM standard test method E 1256 88 Thermal Shock A short term error in accuracy caused by a transient ambient temperature change The instrument recovers from its accuracy error when it comes back into equilibrium with the new ambient conditions Time Constant The time it takes for a sensing element to respond to 63 2 of a step change at the target Transfer Standard A precision radiometric measurement instrument with NIST traceable calibration in the USA with other recognized standards available for international customers used to calibrate radiation reference sources Transmittance The ratio of IR radiant energy transmitted through an object to the total IR energy received by the object for any given spectral range the sum of emittance reflectance and transmittance is unity Appendix B Basics of Infrared Measurement Q Why use non contact infrared thermometers Non contact infrared IR thermometers use infrared technology to quickly and conveniently measure the surface temperature of objects They provide fast temperature readings without physically tou
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