Electro-Voice TL440 User's Manual
Contents
1. 20 4 watts Sensitivity SPL at 1 meter 1 watt input anechoic environment band limited pink noise signal 100 800 Hz 98 dB 33 125 Hz 95 dB Dispersion Angle Included by 6 dB Down Points on Polar Responses Indicated One Third Octave Bands of Pink Noise see Figure 3 36 125 Hz Horizontal and Vertical 360 400 800 Hz Horizontal 105 5 400 800 Hz Vertical 110 5 Directivity Factor R Q Median over Indicated Range see Figure 4 33 125 Hz Directivity Index D Median over Indicated Range see Figure 4 33 125 Hz 0 0 dB 400 800 Hz 7 5 dB Distortion 0 1 Full Power Input see Figure 5 Second Harmonic 100 Hz 0 9 1 000 Hz 0 9 Third Harmonic 100 Hz 0 4 1 000 Hz 0 3 Distortion 0 01 Full Power Input see Figure 6 Second Harmonic 100 Hz 0 1 1 000 Hz 0 2 Third Harmonic 100 Hz 0 3 1 000 Hz 0 1 Transducer Complement One EVX 180A Net Box Volume 255 liters 9 0 ft Box Tuning Frequency Normal 35 Hz Step Down 25 Hz Impedance Nominal 8 ohms Minimum 7 0 ohms Input Connections Screw terminals 10 on barrier strip Enclosure Materials and Finish Black vinyl clad particle board with metal grille Suspension see Suspending TL440 Enclosures section Two independently certified suspension kits are available the HS6 and HS7 Dimensions Height 100 3 cm 39 5 in Width 57 2 cm 22 5 in Depth 55 9 cm 22 0 in Net Weight 49 0 kg 108 Ib2. In other installations such as a theater or auditorium the audible location of a TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System subwoofer operating at a sufficiently low crossover frequency below about 125 Hz will not be particularly evident The other system elements operating above the subwoofer range can be positioned for the desired locational cues and uniform audience coverage Floor location provides the acoustic half space environment associated with the 3 4 system effictency noted in the Specifications section Location at a floor wall junction acoustic quarter space doubles efficiency 3 dB increase sound pressure level and tends to promote the full excitation of more room modes or standing waves important in achieving maximum overall bass output in the room Corner placement acoustic eighth space doubles efficiency again and guarantees excitation of all room modes Such placement for maximum efficiency and room mode excitation is not necessary and may not be desirable or possible for a variety of reasons including esthetics and building design The TL440 can also be successfully oper ated away from any nearby acoustic bound aries particularly when multiple systems are used for increased output ability see Use in Multiples section Suspending TL440 Enclosures The HS6 and HS7 kits allow the TL440 to be hung safely in a variety of orientations The combination of the correct HS kits and TL440 enclos
3. Shipping Weight 54 4 kg 120 Ib SPEAKERS Low Frequency Systems a MARK IV company 600 Cecil Street Buchanan MI 49107 800 234 6831 616 695 6831 616 695 1304 Fax Part Number 533903 9631
4. certain installations To step down the TL440 instal the supplied port cover using the screws and pilot holes provided This lowers the box tuning from 35 Hz to 25 Hz If an appropriate low fre quency boost and cut equalization is applied the normal f of 33 Hz is reduced 24 Hz It is suggested that the Electro Voice XEQ 2 or XEQ 3 active crossover be used to pro vide the required equalization The suggested equalization is an underdamped second or der high pass filter tuned to 29 Hz with a Q of 2 This provides a boost of 6 dB at the tuning frequency and a 12 dB per octave roll off below This filter is directly avail able on the XEQ 2 or can be generated in the XEQ 3 by using the optional EB29 35 EQ module Subpassband Speaker Protection Below the enclosure tuning frequency cone excursion increases rapidly Since acoustic output is also falling rapidly there is no util ity in driving the system with signals much below the tuning frequency While such sig nals may be in the program material they are often extraneous such as from record surface irregularities strong 5 to 25 Hz components or a dropped microphone The EVX 180A very low frequency reproducer is ruggedly designed and has a high maxi mum excursion before damage 0 5 inch However high output subwoofer systems such as the TL440 should be protected by a high pass filter with a 3 dB down corner fre quency of about 0 8 the enclosure tuning fre quen
5. or owner s manual mal function resulting from use or operation of the product other than as specified in the product data sheet or owner s manual d malfunction resulting from misuse or abuse of the product or malfunction occurring at any time after repairs have been made to the product by anyone other than Mark IV Audio Service or any of its authorized ser vice representatives Obtaining Warranty Service To obtain warranty service a cus tomer must deliver the product prepaid to Mark IV Audio Service or any of its autho rized service representatives together with proof of purchase of the product in the form of a bill of sale or receipted invoice A list of authorized service representatives is avail able from Mark IV Audio Service at 600 Cecil Street Buchanan MI 49107 800 234 6831 or FAX 616 695 4743 Incidental and Consequential Damages Excluded Product repair or replacement and return to the customer are the only remedies provided to the customer Electro Voice shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential damages including without limitation in jury to persons or property or loss of use Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclu sion may not apply to you Other Rights This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state Electro Voice Speakers
6. 4 Directivity vs Frequency whole space anechoic environment DIRECTIVITY INDEX D dB BEAMWIDTH IN DEGREES 6dB HORIZONTAL VERTICAL FREQUENCY IN HERTZ 8 Q 9 5 DIRECTIVITY FACTOR FREQUENCY IN HERTZ Figure 5 Harmonic Distortion 10 Feet on Axis 0 1 Rated Power Input 60 watts EEn a OI CCA PST A A HA ka U Y ela i FREQUENCY IN HERTZ Figure 6 Harmonic Distortion 10 Feet on Axis 0 01 Rated Power Input 6 watts A TE EET EE HT NH ATT VAT TTT AT AE EET A ATA Ted 2nd HARMONIC 3rd oe 120 y FREQUENCY IN HERTZ jiayeods Hu nb ij m mo7 Q A OPT 11 TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System Specifications Frequency Response measured in far field calculated to one watt at one meter on axis swept one third octave pink noise half space anechoic environment see Figure 1 33 3 200 Hz Low Frequency 3 dB Down Point Normal 33 Hz Step Down with equalization 24 Hz Half Space Reference Efficiency 3 4 Long Term Average Power Handling Capacity per ANSI EIA RS 426 A 1980 see Power Handling Capacity section 600 watts gt Maximum Long Term Average Mid 3 Band Acoustic Output ery Low Frequency Speaker System
7. ElechoVoice memm 2 275 FN 52 554 TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System The bass pumping ability of EVX 180A 18 inch woofer and 33 Hz f make an ideal subwoofer for contemporary music applications e THX approved for cinema subwoofer use e 24 f in step down ideal for very low frequency synthesized effects down tuned bass guitars or pipe organ Optional HS6 or HS7 hanging kits through the box steel tubes provide safe suspension THX is a registered trademark of Lucasfilm Ltd Description The Electro Voice TL440 is an optimally vented direct radiator speaker system for high output reproduction of very low fre quencies The low frequency limit of 33 Hz 3 dB down may be extended to 24 Hz by covering one vent and applying appropriate low frequency equalization see Step Down section TL440 s design 15 based on vented enclosure modeling technique of A N Thiele and R H Small which makes possible a combination of high efficiency low distor tion and extended low frequency performance in an enclosure of moderate size The TL440 employs an EVX 180A very low frequency reproducer in a 9 cubic foot 255 liter enclosure TheEVX 180A s high linear cone excursion ability X 0 25 inches zero to peak and 600 watt long term average power capacity contribute substan tially to the TL440 s high acoustic output abil ity
8. al characteristics were mea sured by running a set of polar response curves in EV s large anechoic chamber see Figure 2 The curves show horizontal side to side dispersion when the enclosure s long axis is vertical The vertical up and down polar responses are also shown Additional typical information is provided in Figure 3 which shows 6 dB down beamwidth versus frequency Figure 4 shows the directivity factor and directivity index versus frequency Distortion Following AES Audio Engineering Society recommended practice plots of second and third order harmonic distortion for 0 1 and 0 01 rated input power are shown in Figure 5 Power Handling Electro Voice components and systems are manufactured to exacting standards ensur ing they will hold up not only through the most rigorous of power tests but also through continued use in arduous real life conditions The eight hour EIA Loudspeaker Power Rating Full Range ANSI EIA RS THX is a registered trademark of Lucasfilm Ltd TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System 426 A 1980 uses a noise spectrum which mimics typical music and tests the thermal and mechanical capabilities of the compo nents Electro Voice will support relevant additional standards as and when they be come available Extreme in house power tests which push the performance bound aries of the woofers are also performed and passed to ens
9. and Speaker Sys tems are guaranteed against malfunction due to defects in materials or workmanship for a period of five 5 years from the date of origi nal purchase The Limited Warranty does not apply to burned voice coils or malfunctions such as cone and or coil damage resulting from improperly designed enclosures Elec tro Voice active electronics associated with the speaker systems are guaranteed for three 3 years from the date of original purchase Additional details are included in the Uni form Limited Warranty statement Service and repair address for this product ELectro Voice Inc 600 Cecil Street Buchanan Michigan 49107 616 695 6831 or 800 234 6831 Specifications subject to change without notice TL440 Very Low Frequency Speaker System lt SS SO SS GE ZONTAL VERTICAL SS a Ce Se se 2 FREQUENCY HERTZ j any gt 159 SSL ul 145 42 V V 4 0 2 G 3 1 gt ben 0 gt T lt Figure 1 Axial Frequency Response anechoic environment 1 watt 1 meter Figure 2 One Third Octave Polar Responses anechoic environment Figure 3 Beamwidth vs Frequency whole space anechoic environment Figure
10. ce 8 ohms nominal 7 0 ohms minimum dispersion angles 220 horizontal x 180 vertical at 200 Hz The enclosure shall be constructed of black vinyl clad particle board and be equipped with a black painted metal grille The enclosure will contain sound ab sorbing glass wool The input panel and con nectors shall be side mounted A vent cover shall be supplied that when installed shall lower the box tuning frequency from 35 Hz to 25 Hz for increased output in the 25 to 35 Hz range The enclosure dimensions shall be 39 5 in high 22 5 in wide x 22 0 in deep 100 3 cm x 57 2 cm x 55 9 cm Net weight shall be 108 Ib 49 kg The low frequency speaker system shall be the Electro Voice TLA40 Uniform Limited Warranty Statement Electro Voice products are guaranteed against malfunction due to defects in mate rials or workmanship for a specified period as noted in the individual product line statement s below or in the individual prod uct data sheet or owner s manual beginning with the date of original purchase If such malfunction occurs during the specified pe riod the product will be repaired or replaced at our option without charge The product will be returned to the customer prepaid Exclusions and Limitations The Limited Warranty does not apply to a exterior fin ish or appearance b certain specific items described in the individual product line statement s below or in the individual prod uct data sheet
11. cy Below the corner frequency a roll off of 12 dB per octave is usually sufficient Without protection subpassband signals may bottom the EVX 180A Damage will prob ably result especially after repeated occur rences Even if bottoming does not occur the subpassband signals waste amplifier power and modulate distort the frequen cies which within the TL440 s operating range Much woofer distortion or muddy bass can be attributed to lack of subpassband protection The step down equalization described in the Step Down section provides the required protection If step down mode is not used the Electro Voice EX 24 2 and XEQ 3 electronic crossover equalizers can also provide sub passband protection The 3 dB down points are 30 Hz EX 24 and XEQ 2 and 16 Hz or 32 Hz XEQ 3 Other high pass filters are available and equalizers can also be effective at providing the required protection Use In Multiples TL440 s may be used in multiples to increase acoustic output In the following discussion it is assumed that all speaker cones oper ating in unison in phase when a common signal is applied A 6 dB increase in maxi mum acoustic output results when two speakers are located side by side For opera tion at very low frequencies the woofer acting as one speaker with cone area and power handling capacity twice that of a single speaker The doubling of c
12. one area doubles efficiency providing a 3 dB increase in sound pressure level The second 3 dB comes from the dou bling of power capacity 33 cones mutually couple Mutual coupling occurs when the frequency is such that the center to center distance be tween the two speaker cones is less than about one quarter wavelength For a given center to center distance the highest fre quency at which mutual coupling will occur can be calculated from the following for mula 3 000 D max where D 5 the distance in inches and f 15 frequency in Hz When D 15 greater than one quarter wavelength as would occur if two TL440 s were widely spaced the level increase tends to be limited to the 3 dB power handling increase More than two TL440 s can be used for in creased output In general maximum acous mh tic power output ability increases as the square of the number of mutually coupled cones For example four cones would pro vide 42 or 16 times the power output of a single cone an increase of 12 dB 10 log 16 12 dB Note that the associated in creased efficiency 3 4 x 4 13 6 ap proaches that of a fully horn loaded design but in a much smaller enclosure System Positioning Subwoofer systems such as the TL440 are often located on the floor This is both con venient and can provide a desired high acous tic impact when the speakers are for ex ample placed near the periphery of a dance floor
13. see Power Handling Capacity section The enclosure is constructed of black vinyl clad particle board of 3 4 inch thickness internally braced Applications The TL440 is ideal for a wide variety of high output subwoofer applications in perma nently installed sound reinforcement and music playback systems Typical venues in clude cinemas auditoriums theaters per forming arts centers night clubs and con cert halls The TL440 system is THX ap proved for cinema subwoofer use Nor mally the TL440 would be used in the subwoofer frequency range below say 125 Hz However its frequency response and dis persion make single units appropriate for crossover frequencies as high as about 800 Hz This means that the TL440 can also be used as a system s primary low frequency re producer The Electro Voice XEQ 2 active crossover equalizer 15 a useful companion to the TL440 The XEQ 2 provides appropriate crossover frequencies by plug in module modules other than the supplied 500 and 800 must be purchased separately 125 module is available The XEQ 2 also pro vides equalization for step down operation and protection from subpassband input sig nals see Step Down and Subpassband Speaker Protection sections Frequency Response TL440 frequency response was measured environment in the far field with swept one third octave pink noise see Figure 1 Directivity TL440 direction
14. ure has been certified by an in dependent structural engineer to be safe and secure Each HS kit consists of a steel tube two brackets two eyebolts and the neces sary fasteners The installer must assemble the HS kit by first drilling two holes into the TL440 enclosure in predefined positions and then screwing the brackets onto the steel tube which passes through the enclosure An eyebolt is inserted in the T nut in the rear panel of the enclosure to provide pull up to aim the enclosure Full instructions and hole locations are included with each cabi net and HS kit A TL440 requires a single HS6 to suspend it horizontally or a single HS7 to suspend it vertically Electro Voice recommends that only one TL440 be sus pended at one time in this manner Vertical is defined as having the long side vertical Full attention must be given to the instruc tions and limitations in the HS kit instruc tion sheet Arctitects and Engineers Specifications The loudspeaker system shall be a low frequency bass reflex design One 18 inch woofer shall be front mounted in a 9 0 ft enclosure The system shall be THX ap proved for cinema subwoofer use The sys tem shall meet the following criteria power handling 600 watts of pink noise with a 6 dB crest factor frequency response smooth and uniform usable at high output levels from 24 to 2 000 Hz sensitivity 98 dB at one watt one meter 100 to 800 Hz on axis imped an
15. ure years of trouble free ser lt O Specifically the TL440 passes ANSI EIA RS 426 A 1980 with the following values Rr 5 9 ohms 1 15 x R 600 watts E MAX Test voltage 59 5 volts rms 119 0 volts peak The peak power handling capacity of a woofer is determined by the peak test volt age amount For the TL440 a 59 5 volt peak test voltage translates into 2 400 watts short term peak power handling capacity This is the equivalent of four times the average power handling capacity and is a peak that can be sustained for only a few milliseconds However this sort of short duration peak is very typical in speech and music Provided the amplifier can reproduce the signal accu rately without clipping the woofer will also perform accurately and reliably even at these levels Step Down Step down is a good way to extend system low frequency response by increasing am plifier power at low frequencies instead of enclosure size In step down the enclosure is tuned to a lower than normal frequency This increases system output at the new tun ing frequency and reduces output slightly in the region of original tuning The smoothly falling frequency response which results can be equalized to provide a new system 3 dB down point f about 0 7 that of the origi nal To achieve a similar response extension without equalization would require an enclo sure at least twice the size not practical in
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