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Avaya X.25 User's Manual

1. 114059 Rev A 5 7 Configuring X 25 Services Values Selection Source Connection Type SVC TCP OK Cancel Figure 5 7 Values Selection Window 7 After you select SVC or TCP click on OK The IPEX Mapping Type window reappears and displays the connection type you have selected 8 Click on OK The IPEX Mapping Parameters window appears If you selected SVC Figure 5 8 appears If you selected TCP Figure 5 9 appears 5 8 114059 Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters IPEX Mapping Parameters Cancel OK Values Help Mapping Type END_TO_END Remote IP Address Remote TCP Port Number Figure 5 8 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for SVC Cancel OK Values Help Local TCP Port Destination Connection Type SVC Mapping Type fEND_TO_END Source X 121 Address Destination X 121 Address X 25 Call User Data Figure 5 9 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for TCP 114059 Rev A 5 9 Configuring X 25 Services In the IPEX Mapping Parameters windows you define a new mapping entry by specifying source and destination X 121 addresses a mapping type local or remote port numbers and other parameters depending on whether the connection type is SVC or TCP IPEX Mapping Parameter Descriptions This section describes the IPEX mapping parameters that you must configure in the IPEX Mapping Parameters windows It also describes additional parameters that you can modify in the IPEX Mapping
2. Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Max Throughput Class 19200 75 150 3001 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 192001 48 K 64 K Specifies the maximum throughput rate amount of data in bits per second that this VC can send across the X 25 network If the Throughput Class Negotiation parameter is set to ON the default value 19200 is the maximum value allowed by this parameter Accept the default 19200 or select one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 13 Network User Identification OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this interface supports the Network User Identification NUD service facility When you enable this parameter the router can provide administrative and management information to the DCE on a per call basis To enable NUI support set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 16 Incoming Calls Accept ON ON OFF Specifies whether this interface accepts incoming calls When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming call requests on this interface To disable incoming calls set this parameter to OFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 17 114059 Rev A 4 17 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Outgoing Calls Accept Default ON Options ON OFF Function Specifies whether this interface generates outgoing call requests When you enable
3. Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Tx Rx Throughput Class THRCLASS 19200 THRCLASS75 1501 300 6001 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 48000 Specifies the default data throughput rate amount of data in bits per second for packets transmitted and received on this X 25 interface This is the throughput value that the router first uses when bringing up the line If the router receives an incoming call requesting to negotiate a throughput rate different from this value the router checks the Max Throughput Class parameter value to determine whether it can support the requested rate To specify a nonstandard default data throughput rate select one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 44 Throughput Class Negotiation OFF ON OFF Permits the negotiation of throughput classes allowing you to determine the amount of throughput you want to go through the switch When you enable this parameter the router can negotiate the throughput rate for virtual circuits on this interface on a per call basis The receiving DTE may accept the proposed rate or reply with a counterproposal If you want the router to accept calls with throughput negotiation set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 15 4 16 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options
4. Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Connection ID 1 1 through 255 Identifies each circuit to its remote destination You can have multiple Point to Point circuits configured to the same X 121 destination Each of them requires a unique Connection ID Assign the same connection ID to both the local and remote configurations for each circuit You use the Type parameter with PTOP service only Assign a unique connection ID for each X 121 connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 11 Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies a destination IP address that is reachable over this X 25 interface This parameter is not used with Point to Point service You must specify a remote IP address if you plan to enable IP on this interface For DDN services the router translates the remote IP address you specify into an X 121 address so that it can route IP traffic over the network For PDN services the router uses the remote IP address you specify to define an adjacent host for the IP interface Enter a 32 bit destination IP address in dotted decimal notation If you run OSI over DDN you must also enter this IP address in the SNPA field of the OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration window To enter this value in the SNPA field you must convert the IP address into X 121 format Refer to Configuring OSI Services for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 13 4 28 11405
5. local distant X 25 IPEX IPEX X 25 Termina router router Terminal X 25 TCP Connection Call Pending Request l Step 2 u X 25 Call Request n Step 3 u X 25 Call Accepted co Step 4 u TCP X 25 Connection Established Connection Established E Step 5 Z X 25 Call Accepted l Step 6 X250012A Figure 1 11 How IPEX Establishes Connections 1 16 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview IPEX Mapping For each established SVC connection that contains a specified X 25 called address X 121 address IPEX establishes a TCP connection from IPEX to a TCP IP server This connection consists of the IP address and the TCP port number of a remote TCP IP peer that correspond to the X 25 called address To enable X 25 to TCP conversion you must configure the following information e The point of attachment that is the circuit interface on the IPEX system at which the SVC establishes the connection The SVC LCN range at the packet level The X 25 called address of the incoming call request from the X 25 DTE DCE to IPEX e The associated remote TCP socket IP address and TCP port number that identifies the destination of the TCP connection This mapping sets a path for forwarding data received on an X 25 virtual circuit to a specific remote TCP IP peer Mapping Types To configure IPEX you must select either local or end to end mapping which det
6. Configuring X 25 Services Router Software Version 11 0 Site Manager Software Version 5 0 Part No 114059 Rev A August 1996 Bay Networks ES Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright 1988 1996 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA August 1996 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notice for All Other Executive Agencies Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction an
7. esed cuta Decoder be a rco dnd casada 1 15 IPEX MBO GING me 1 17 Eorna DISE TEE 1 17 PEX Connection Sumay sariei A eines 1 17 IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages M bit ccccceceeeeseceeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeseaeeteneees 1 18 How X 25 Handles Large Data Messages ccscceeeeceeeeeeeeeteeseeeeeaeeteseeeeeeteneees 1 19 How TCP Handles Large Data Messages sese 1 19 oa dec eres MEME TOT 1 19 Chapter 2 Implementation Notes paul Dala COMPOS SION T TT LU 2 1 Beste ear re RR TOTO EE ETE EUN 2 2 Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back to Back sees 2 2 Packet level Parameters Max Window Size and Max Packet Length RT T T E PAET 2 2 Fow Control ROO SEL 122 cc oct aoa Creta itr EHE REC AAN 2 3 Configuring LAPB Tor an AM Gr ASN usus eet d ctnan tta n id dxb dab d Up cath naian Rad ane 2 4 Configu ng Synchronous Lines with A259 eau ue espe tedeo disce a 2 4 DON Detault Servio POCO satia icd i id p E ee P dr dei nO 2 5 RFC 1356 Multiplexing o T 2 5 EE i i ro 0 iio M 2 6 Chapter 3 Enabling X 25 Service Enabling X 25 ndn IP BOR iios adicere lace Ee olusesan Erb i cta ted iS 3 1 SHRI COCR MAP T i a a a 3 2 Configuring X 25 Packet level Parameters E 3 4 vi 114059 Rev A X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions eese 3 5 Adding X 25 Network Servic
8. 987 sends the called address 123 to the first IPEX router establishing an SVC source connection with a TCP destination connection The call is tunneled through the TCP IP network to the second IPEX router which establishes a source TCP connection with an SVC destination connection to the X 25 terminal on the right Figures A 2 through A 5 show the parameter settings for full duplex calls for this configuration Figures A 2 and A 5 show the settings for 987 calling 123 and Figures A 4 and A 3 show the settings for 123 calling 987 114059 Rev A A 1 Configuring X 25 Services Cancel OK Values Help X 121 Called Address 123 Mapping Type END_TO_END Remote IP Address 192 168 134 111 Figure A 2 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type 0K Values Help Destination Connection Type SYC Mapping Type END_TO_END Source X 121 Address Destination X 121 Address X 25 Call User Data Figure A 3 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type A 2 114059 Rev A Sample IPEX Configuration Cancel OK Values Help X 121 Called Address 987 Mapping Type END_TO_END Remote IP Address 192 168 134 222 Figure A 4 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type pping Parameters Cancel 0K Values Help Destination Connection Type SVC Mapping Type END_TO_END Source X 121 Address Destination X 121 Address X 25 Call User Data Fig
9. NUT Description Connectors SS com RS 0v 5280 Quad Sync oM COM2 COM3 5430 Dual Sync Dual Ethernet COM2 COM1 XCVR2 o Empy5lot o o System Resource Module lll 22 1 Figure 5 1 Configuration Manager Window Showing IPEX Protocols Menu 1 From the Protocols menu in the Configuration Manager window select IPEX Global The Edit IPEX Global Parameters window appears Figure 5 2 Cancel OK Values Help Enable ENABLE Max Message Size 1600 Figure 5 2 Edit IPEX Global Parameters Window 5 2 114059 Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters 2 In the Edit IPEX Global Parameters window accept or change the default values and click on OK to return to the Configuration Manager main window IPEX Global Parameter Descriptions This section describes the IPEX global parameters you can modify from the Edit IPEX Global Parameters window Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Globally enables or disables IPEX Instructions Select Enable the default to activate IPEX on all interfaces MIB Object ID Select Disable to deactivate IPEX on all interfaces Selecting this option when the Configuration Manager is in dynamic mode terminates all active IPEX sessions 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 1 2 Note When you create X 25 interfaces that use IPEX service the service is globa
10. m LAN X 25 LAN Port S21 WAN Protocol X25 Bi directional VC 16 LCN Start 1 PDN Service Record 1 Remote X 121 1010002 Protocols IP IPX DEC Enable 1356 Multiplexing Enable X250015A Figure 2 1 RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation 1010001 A LON 1 IP 1010002 LCN 2 IPX X 25 LCN 3 DEC Er DEES LAN Port S21 WAN Protocol X25 Bi directional VC 16 LCN Start 1 PDN Service Record 1 Remote X 121 1010002 Protocols IP IPX DEC Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable X250016A Figure 2 2 RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation PTOP Encapsulation Bay Networks also has Point to Point Service PTOP a proprietary encapsulation method for LAN protocols PTOP requires a Bay Networks router at both ends of a connection You must use PTOP to encapsulate AppleTalk Banyan VINES and Bridge traffic 2 6 114059 Rev A Chapter 3 Enabling X 25 Service This chapter describes how to enable X 25 service It assumes you have read Configuring Routers and 1 Opened a configuration file 2 Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file When you enable X 25 service you must configure a subset of X 25 parameters The Configuration Manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters If you want to edit these default values refer to Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters Enabling X 25 on an Interface To enable X 25 se
11. 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 36 Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 1 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that accept incoming call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for PVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 37 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that both accept incoming calls and transmit outgoing calls Enter the number of logical channels that you assign to both accept and transmit calls on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 38 4 10 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 1 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to bidirectional logical channels Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for Incoming SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 39 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that transmit outgoing calls only Enter the number of channels
12. 3 3 Configuring X 25 Services X25 Packet Config Cancel OK Details Values Help Network Address Type PDN_NETWORK PDN X 121 Address DDN IP Address Number of Incoming SVC Channels Incoming SVC LCN Start Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 0 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start Number of Outgoing SVC Channels Outgoing SVC LCN Start Figure 3 3 X 25 Packet Config Window Configuring X 25 Packet level Parameters 1 Configure the packet level parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide When you are done click on OK to display the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 3 4 3 4 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service You add X 25 service records from this window Refer to Adding X 25 Network Service Records later in this chapter for instructions Note After you enable X 25 service on the router you can edit the default settings for the rest of the X 25 parameters See Chapter 4 for instructions X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you set parameters in the X 25 Packet Config window At any time you can get help or obtain a list of acceptable values for a parameter by clicking on the appropriate button on the upper right side of each window To enter a value you can either Type directly into the parameter field Click on Values and then select a value from the list displayed the default sele
13. 4 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Flow Control Negotiation OFF ON OFF Enables the flow control negotiation facility on this interface When you enable flow control negotiation the router can negotiate the maximum window size and packet length for virtual circuits on this interface on a per call basis It uses the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameter settings as a boundary check during negotiations The receiving DTE may accept these values or reply with a counterproposal When you disable flow control negotiation the router uses the values specified by these parameters Default Tx Rx Window Size Default Tx Rx Pkt Length Configure the remote peer router to match these default values To enable flow control negotiation set this parameter to ON Then be sure to set the following parameters as shown in Table 4 1 or flow control negotiation will not work 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 14 Table 4 1 Parameter Settings for Flow Control Negotiation Parameter Value X 25 Packet Level parameters Max Window Size Max Packet Length See parameter descriptions Acceptance Format DEFEXT Release Format DEFEXT X 25 Service Record parameters Flow Facility Negot Window Size Packet Size See parameter descriptions 4 14 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructio
14. Code ERC 290 when prompted 508 436 8880 direct Europe 33 92 968 300 33 92 968 301 Asia Pacific Region 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Latin America 407 997 1713 407 997 1714 In addition you can receive information on support programs from your local Bay Networks field sales office or purchase Bay Networks support directly from your authorized partner xvi 114059 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services Bay Networks Information Services Bay Networks Information Services provide up to date support information as a first line resource for network administration expansion and maintenance This information is available from a variety of sources World Wide Web The Bay Networks Customer Support Web Server offers a diverse library of technical documents software agents and other important technical information to Bay Networks customers and partners A special benefit for contracted customers and resellers is the ability to access the Web Server to perform Case Management This feature enables your support staff to interact directly with the network experts in our worldwide Technical Response Centers A registered contact with a valid Site ID can e View a listing of support cases and determine the current status of any open case Case history data includes severity designation and telephone e mail or other logs associated with the case e Customize the listing of cases according to a variety o
15. DEFAULT Window Size 2 Figure 4 5 Default DDN Service Window 7 Click on Apply to implement your changes The values that you have selected are the new default DDN service record parameter values They apply to all DDN circuits except those that you configure individually following Steps 1 through 5 of this procedure 8 Click on Done 4 26 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions This section provides information on how to set all network service record parameters in the X 25 Service Configuration window refer to Figure 4 4 Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables the network service record Instructions Set this parameter to Disable only if you want to disable this service MIB Object ID record 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 2 Parameter Type Default None Option PDN DDN PTOP IPEX Function Specifies the type of X 25 service that this interface supplies Instructions Select PDN for Public Data Network service DDN for Defense Data MIB Object ID Network service PTOP for Point to Point network service or IPEX for TCP IP Tunneling over X 25 If you specify IPEX you must configure several IPEX specific parameters refer to Chapter 5 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 9 114059 Rev A 4 27 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID
16. Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for any of the other protocols opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol Bay Networks advises multiplexing only when you configure multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service Select Enable if you want to multiplex traffic over a single virtual circuit Otherwise select Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 34 3 14 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service Adding X 25 Network Service Records to a Previously Configured Interface To add a new network service record to an existing X 25 interface begin at the Configuration Manager window and 1 2 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits to display the Circuit List window Select the X 25 interface to which you want to add network service records Click on Edit to display the Circuit Definition window Select X25 Protocol gt Service The X 25 Service Configuration window appears refer to Figure 3 4 It lists all network service records currently defined for the interface Follow the instructions in the section Adding X 25 Network Service Records Enabling Bridging and Routing Services on an X 25 Circuit After you have added at least one network service record you can enable bridging and routing protocols on an X 25 PTOP circuit and routing protocols only on X 25 PDN and DDN circuits Note If you configure multiple DDN or PDN network
17. Object ID Local TCP Port None The local TCP port number a value between 12304 and 16399 Specifies the TCP port in the local IPEX connection This port accepts inbound TCP connections from the remote TCP port You configure this parameter when the Source Connection Type is TCP Enter the TCP port number 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 5 5 12 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions Editing IPEX Parameters Destination Connection Type SVC if the source connection type is TCP TCP if the source connection type is SVC SVC TCP Destination connection type TCP receives data from source connection type SVC Destination connection type SVC receives data from source connection type TCP SVC specifies an X 25 Level 3 connection TCP is a Transmission Control Protocol connection Site Manager configures this parameter automatically after you configure the Source Connection Type parameter You cannot change the value of this parameter If you want to make a change delete the entry and create a new one 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 8 Note Either the source or the destination connection type but not both must be TCP Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Mapping Type End_to_End Local End_to_End Specifies whether facilities call user data M bit and Q bit support terminate locally or are passed end to end X 25 parameters that you confi
18. Table B 5 IPEX Mapping Parameters Parameters for SVC Connections Default X 121 Called Address None Mapping Type End to End Remote IP Address None Remote TCP Port Number None Parameters for TCP Connections Default Local TCP Port None Destination Connection Type SVC if the source connection type is TCP TCP if the source connection type is SVC Mapping Type End to End Source X 121 Address None Destination X 121 Address None X 25 Call User Data None Additional Mapping Parameters Default Enable Enable Source Connection Type None Destination Circuit Name TCP Circuit if the source connection type is SVC The serial port configured for IPEX if the source connection type is TCP Client Queue Size Set to the larger of TCP Max Window Size or IPEX Max Message Size usually 4096 Idle Session Timer 120 seconds Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 3 seconds Keep Alive Retransmit Count 5 114059 Rev A B 5 A Acceptance Format parameter 2 3 4 22 adding network service records 3 10 AN ASN routers configuring LAPB 2 4 defaults for synchronous line parameters 2 4 AN ASN routers configuring LAPB 1 4 Bay Networks CompuServe forum xx Customer Service FTP xix home page on World Wide Web xix InfoFACTS service xxi publications ordering xvi support programs xviii Support Source CD xx Technical Response Center xvii xxi technical support xvii Bidirection
19. Table Configuration window The order of the parameter descriptions is Mapping parameters for SVC connections e Mapping parameters for TCP connections Additional mapping parameters To set parameters enter a value in the parameter field or select a value from the Values list Parameters for SVC Connections Parameter X 121 Called Address Default None Options Any valid X 121 address Function Specifies the inbound X 121 called address that you map to the TCP connection The port monitors the X 25 calls for this X 121 called address to initiate the connection Instructions Enter the called X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The destination address depends on the network device to which this circuit is connected Consult your network administrator for the correct value MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 6 5 10 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing IPEX Parameters Mapping Type End_to_End Local End_to_End Specifies whether facilities call user data M bit and Q bit support terminate locally or are passed end to end X 25 parameters that you configure at the packet and service record level determine which facilities are supported If you set this parameter to Local IPEX ports can support different packet sizes at each end You must also configure t
20. Timer and T4 Timer values Reset these parameters with caution 4 12 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters T2 Timer 180 seconds 1 through 999 Specifies the call confirmation timeout value in seconds The value for this timer is the amount of time the router has to respond to a call confirmation condition This timer represents the ITU T formerly CCITT T11 timer for the DCE and the T21 timer for the DTE We recommend that you accept the default value 180 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 33 T3 Timer 200 milliseconds 200 through 2000 Specifies the congestion or busy condition watchdog timeout value in milliseconds The value for this timer is the length of time the router has to respond to a congestion or busy condition We recommend that you accept the default value 200 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 34 T4 Timer 200 milliseconds 200 through 2000 Specifies the data packet transmission watchdog timeout value in milliseconds The value for this timer is the length of time that the router has to respond to an acknowledgment frame This is a Bay Networks proprietary internal timer We recommend that you accept the default value 200 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 35 114059 Rev A
21. and Online Services Bay Nebworks Custome SOlVIDB fen ict tute tr D qe a i oeste dra pde xviii Bay Networks Information SerViDBB arriaren iiaa ik deans uni ned eines xix Word Wide WED c xix ASTOR VOR Sonico e xix SUPPO Oou per re ea rrert orreece er ear eer ree eet XX Meier mm Xx MORAS E vusenicxmidscd de x Mcd MM ILLNM A S xxi How to Get Help Vica dated E ORIS A ONE maaan c xxi Chapter 1 X 25 Overview REC ager rm 1 1 Kan and TNS GN e snes ces cc alee eidi Gelade 1 2 PSGE O Lied occi eter Heer renner re enn cere nn dE nents nner cee try cet mre se tr 1 3 Paa MME AVON ONERE EU TT 1 3 Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol c ccccsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteaeeneneees 1 4 LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers ssssseee 1 4 Line 45 recassa 1 5 A Ro MORUGECTVEBS otros porn dd ep ua at din epe ON Motu ot atest 1 5 How X 25 Services Work n P 1 6 Delienn he X121 Destnahoii P 1 7 114059 Rev A V crew a Vru GRIND Pc 1 8 EL ree RET E PNE DEED 1 10 la PT 1 12 How IPEK WOKS incisis etu atit iba ad red ap a Rn ere teen putes 1 12 Levels of Tunneling TE 1 13 IPEX Newark MenatES e 1 13 KeS PEPR WW UG asrini inaani a i ia e A erai 1 14 TOF ide naa TT 1 14 PER Pob OPO oa eed edad anie i e dade dd db eon say dU dS 1 15 sequence of Connections Witt IPEX 2
22. endstation 3 1 1 2 until the call is cleared The call request and call accept packets specify the logical channel numbers LCNs assigned to the virtual connections between each router and its corresponding DCE As a result subsequent X 25 data packets contain only the logical channel numbers rather than the complete X 121 destination addresses X 25 PDN 20000 2 1 1 1 lt gt 2 1 1 2 1111 DCE DCE Router A Router B 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 IP Network 1 1 1 3 IP Network X250009A Figure 1 8 Routing IP Traffic across the X 25 Network 114059 Rev A 1 14 Configuring X 25 Services IPEX Bay Networks X 25 services include tunneling over TCP IP Internet IPEX IPEX lets you send and receive messages between two X 25 systems via a TCP IP network The tunneling maps TCP sockets to X 25 virtual circuits IPEX works with X 25 switched virtual circuits SVCs as well as with TCP IP protocols over all interface types that Bay Networks routers support router when configured to provide X 25 tunneling service and to the software that implements the tunneling depending on the context Note In this document the acronym IPEX refers to both the Bay Networks gt IPEX supports e TCP IP over FDDI Ethe
23. for editing those parameters Chapter 5 A sample IPEX configuration Appendix A Default parameter settings Appendix B Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router Install the router refer to the installation manual that came with your router Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file refer to Quick Starting Routers and BNX Platforms Connecting Bay Stack AN and ANH Systems to a Network or Connecting ASN Routers and BNX Platforms to a Network 114059 Rev A xiii Configuring X 25 Services Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager and router software For instructions refer to Upgrading Routers from Version 7 10 xx to Version 11 0 Conventions angle brackets gt bold text italic text quotation marks Screen text separator gt vertical line I Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example if command syntax is ping ip address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 Indicates text that you need to enter command names and buttons in menu paths Example Enter wfsm amp Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and book titles Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Indicates da
24. messages that the router retransmits before the TCP session terminates If you set this parameter to 0 the router will send only one keepalive message Accept the default or adjust to meet requirements for the total time the router needs to detect that the peer connection has terminated The total time is the sum of the Idle Session Timer and the Keep Alive Retransmit Timer times the Keep Alive Retransmit Count 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 20 Editing IPEX Mapping Table Entries To change an IPEX mapping table entry 1 In the Configuration Manager window select Protocols gt IPEX gt IPEX Mapping Table The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears refer to Figure 5 5 In the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window select the circuit for which you want to edit parameter values Edit the parameter values Refer to IPEX Mapping Parameter Descriptions earlier in this chapter Click on Apply to save the new configuration Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Editing LAPB Parameters For a synchronous circuit LAPB functions are implemented in hardware and firmware To edit the LAPB parameters of a synchronous circuit refer to the procedures for editing line parameters in Configuring Line Services 5 18 114059 Rev A Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Entries Editing IPEX Parameters To delete an entry from the IPEX Mapping Table 1 In the Configuration Manager window s
25. protocols enabling 3 15 RPOA Selection parameter 4 21 S sending data across X 25 WAN 1 10 Sequence Size parameter 4 8 Service parameter default setting 2 4 socket 1 14 1 17 Source Connection Type parameter 5 7 Source X 121 Address parameter 5 14 Statistics Computation parameter 4 24 stream protocol TCP 1 18 Subnet Mask parameter 3 20 Support Source CD xx switched virtual circuit SVC 1 12 Sync Polling parameter default setting 2 4 synchronous line parameters default settings 2 4 T T1 Timer parameter 4 12 T2 Timer parameter 4 13 T3 Timer parameter 4 13 T4 Timer parameter 4 13 TCP interface 1 14 large data messages 1 19 port number 1 14 5 12 protocol stack 1 18 socket 1 17 unstructured stream protocol 1 18 Technician Interface 4 1 5 1 Throughput Class Negotiation parameter 4 16 Token Ring 1 12 transfer unit maximum 1 19 Transit Delay parameter 4 21 Transmission Control Protocol TCP 1 14 See also TCP Transmit Bcast Addr parameter 3 20 Transmit Window parameter default setting 2 4 transmitting data across X 25 network 1 10 tunneling IPEX 1 13 Tx Rx Throughput Class parameter 4 16 Type parameter 3 12 4 27 U User Facility hex parameter 4 35 V Values list window 5 10 virtual circuit switched 1 12 Index 6 114059 Rev A W WAN Protocol parameter default setting 2 4 window Add Circuit 3 2 Enter Adjacent Host 3 21 IP Con
26. record begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 4 1 and 1 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits The Circuit List window appears Select an X 25 interface then click on Edit The Circuit Definition window appears Select X25 Protocol gt Service The X 25 Service Configuration window appears Figure 4 4 It lists all currently defined network service records 4 24 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters X25 Service Configuration X 25 DDN Slot 4 COM2 Cct 6 No 1 n Default DDN Add Delete Apply Values Help faf memm Enable ENABLE j Type DDN Connection ID Remote IP Address 123 123 123 128 Remote X 121 Address Enable 1356 Multiplexing Figure 4 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a DDN Network 4 Select the network service record you want to edit 5 Edit the network service parameters that you want to change using the parameter descriptions that follow as guidelines 6 If you are configuring DDN Service Records and you want to change the default values for service record parameters click on Default DDN and edit service record parameters in the Default DDN Service window Figure 4 5 114059 Rev A 4 25 Configuring X 25 Services Default DDN Service Cct 2 X 25 DDN Slot 5 COM1 Cct 2 No O Done Apply Values Help pi aaa Max Connections 3 Precedence DEFAULT Max Idle mins 2 Call Retry 60 Flow Facility
27. request facility on this interface When you enable this parameter call request packets the router generates and transmits on this interface can contain up to 128 bytes of user data To enable the fast select request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 21 Reverse Charging OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility on this interface Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call request packet When you enable this parameter these packet network charges are charged to the receiving DTE To enable the reverse charge request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 22 CUG Selection Null Null Basic 16 Extended 32 Specifies the type of closed user group CUG facility that the interface supports If you accept the default value Null no closed user groups are supported if you set this parameter to Basic the Basic facility is supported if you set this parameter to Extended the Extended facility is supported Ensure that the value of this parameter matches the value of the network service record parameter CUG Facility Format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 23 114059 Rev A 4 19 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CUG Outgoing Access Null Null CUGOA S
28. service records on the X 25 circuit you need to enable routing protocols on that circuit only once However if you configure multiple PTOP network service records on the X 25 circuit you must enable bridging routing protocols for each PTOP network service record This is because the router uses a different internal circuit for each PTOP record configured on the circuit To enable bridging and routing services 1 Select a network service record in the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 3 6 Select Protocols gt Add Delete Figure 3 6 The Select Protocols window appears Figure 3 7 Select the bridging routing protocols you want to enable on the circuit then click on OK 114059 Rev A 3 15 Configuring X 25 Services After you have selected the protocols refer to the appropriate configuration guide for instructions on how to configure the parameters associated with these protocols When you have specified the protocol specific parameters in all windows the Configuration Manager redisplays the X 25 Service Configuration window 4 Enable additional bridging routing protocols on the circuit by repeating Steps 1 through 3 or click on Done to exit the window Configuring IP Interfaces over X 25 Circuits The Configuration Manager allows you to configure multiple IP interfaces on a single X 25 PDN circuit This means that a single X 25 circuit can respond to multiple IP addresses each on a different subn
29. techpubs sdb X25tst Model Backbone Link Node BLN MIB Version x9 00 Uere Used EINES Description Connectors eC NEN con Eee emai coM2 XCVR1 5420 Dual Sync Single Ethern XCVR1 a com MES COM3 COM4 System Resource Module EPI Figure 4 1 Configuration Manager Window Editing the X 25 Global Parameter The X 25 global parameter enables X 25 services for the entire router To edit the X 25 global parameter begin at the Configuration Manager window shown in Figure 4 1 and 1 Select Protocols X25 Global The Edit X 25 Global Parameters window appears Figure 4 2 4 2 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Edit X25 Global Parameters Cancel Enable ENABLE i Figure 4 2 Edit X 25 Global Parameters Window 2 Enableor disable X 25 services using the Enable parameter as described in the following parameter description 3 Click on OK to save your changes X 25 Global Parameter Description Use the following parameter description to edit the X 25 global parameter Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Globally enables or disables X 25 services Instructions Set to Disable if you want to disable X 25 services MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 1 2 114059 Rev A 4 3 Configuring X 25 Services Editing X 25 Packet level Parameters The X 25 packet level parameters are specific to individual X 25 interfaces To edit packet level pa
30. that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ii 114059 Rev A Bay Networks Software License Note This is Bay Networks basic license document In the absence of a software license agreement specifying varying terms this license or the license included with the particular product shall govern licensee s use of Bay Networks software This Software License shall govern the licensing of all software provided to licensee by Bay Networks Software Bay Networks will provide licensee with Software in machine readable form and related documentation Documentation The Software provided under this license is proprietary to Bay Networks and to third parties from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights Bay Networks will not grant any Software license whatsoever e
31. to provide live around the clock support 365 days a year Bay Networks Information Services complement the Bay Networks Service program portfolio by giving customers and partners access to the most current technical and support information through a choice of access retrieval means These include the World Wide Web CompuServe Support Source CD Customer Support FTP and InfoFACTS document fax service 114059 Rev A XV Configuring X 25 Services Bay Networks Customer Service If you purchased your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact that distributor s or reseller s technical support staff for assistance with installation configuration troubleshooting or integration issues Customers can also purchase direct support from Bay Networks through a variety of service programs As part of our PhonePlus program Bay Networks Service sets the industry standard with 24 hour 7 days a week telephone support available worldwide at no extra cost Our complete range of contract and noncontract services also includes equipment staging and integration installation support on site services and replacement parts delivery within approximately 4 hours To purchase any of the Bay Networks support programs or if you have questions on program features use the following numbers Region Telephone Number Fax Number United States and 1 800 2LANWAN enter Express Routing 508 670 8766 Canada
32. when you configure the parameters in the X 25 Service window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Type None PDN DDN PTOP IPEX Specifies the type of X 25 service that this interface supplies Select PDN for Public Data Network service DDN for Department of Defense Network service PTOP for Point to Point network service or IPEX for IP Encapsulation of X 25 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 9 Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies a destination IP address that is reachable over this X 25 interface This parameter is not used with Point to Point service You must specify a remote IP address if you plan to enable IP on this interface For DDN services the router translates the remote IP address you specify into an X 121 address so that it can route IP traffic over the network For PDN services the router uses the remote IP address you specify to define an adjacent host for the IP interface Enter a 32 bit destination IP address in dotted decimal notation If you run OSI over DDN you must also enter this IP address in the Subnetwork Point of Attachment SNPA field of the OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration window To enter this value in the SNPA field you must convert the IP address into X 121 format Refer to Configuring OSI Services for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5
33. 21 X 21bis RS232C RS449 422 and V 35 Data Link Layer The data link layer defines the link access procedures for transferring frames of data accurately and reliably across the access lines between the DTE and the DCE 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol X 25 uses the Link Access Procedure Balanced LAPB protocol at the data link layer to e Initialize the link between the DTE and the local DCE device e Frame X 25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE LAPB is a version of high level data link control HDLC which is an OSI standard Figure 1 3 shows a LAPB frame The LAPB Information field contains the X 25 data packet When an X 25 packet reaches the destination router the LAPB protocol strips away the LAPB frame and delivers the packet to the network layer for further processing X 25Packet l Ll l Em Frame Flag Control Address Information Check Flag Sequence X250004A Figure 1 3 LAPB Frame LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers The implementation of the LAPB protocol on the AN and ASN routers and on BN and LN routers with Octal Sync differs from that on other Bay Networks routers On the AN and ASN routers and BN and LN routers with Octal Sync LAPB is implemented in software in routers that use the QUICC 68360 driver On the other routers LAPB is implemented in the hardware using the MK5025 chip Note The different L
34. 29 Enable Compression 4 30 Fast Select Accept 4 33 Fast Select Request 4 33 Flow Facility 2 3 4 32 Max Connections 2 2 4 30 Max Idle Mins 4 31 Packet Size 2 3 4 33 Precedence 4 31 Remote IP Address 3 12 4 28 Remote X 121 Address 3 13 4 29 Reverse Charge Accept 4 34 Reverse Charge Request 4 34 Type 3 12 4 27 User Facility hex 4 35 Window Size 2 3 4 32 packet level Acceptance Format 2 3 4 22 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 3 8 4 11 CCITT Conformance 4 23 Charging Information 4 21 Client Response Timer 4 24 CUG Bilateral Selection 4 20 CUG Outgoing Access 4 20 CUG Selection 4 19 DDN IP Address 3 7 4 8 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 4 9 Default Tx Rx Window Size 4 9 Enable 4 6 Fast Select 4 19 Fast Select Accept 4 18 Flow Control Negotiation 2 3 4 14 Full Addressing 4 22 Incoming Calls Accept 4 17 Incoming SVC LCN Start 3 8 4 10 Link Address Type 3 5 Max Packet Length 2 2 2 3 4 15 Max Throughput Class 4 17 Max Window Size 2 2 2 3 4 15 Network Address Type 3 6 4 7 Network Standard 4 23 Network User Identification 4 17 Index Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 3 8 4 10 Number of Incoming SVC Channels 3 7 4 10 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 3 9 4 11 Outgoing Calls Accept 4 18 Outgoing SVC LCN Start 3 9 4 11 PDN X 121 Address 3 6 4 7 Release Format 2 3 4 22 Restart Procedure Type 4 8 Reverse Charge Accept 4 18
35. 9 4 2 1 13 3 12 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service Remote X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies a destination X 121 address You must specify a destination X 121 address if you are configuring PDN or Point to Point services If you are configuring DDN services the router derives this address from the remote IP address Enter a destination X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits that is reachable over this X 25 interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 12 Connection ID 1 1 through 255 Identifies each circuit to its remote destination You can have multiple Point to Point circuits configured to the same X 121 destination Each of them requires a unique connection ID Assign the same connection ID to both the local and remote configurations for each circuit You use the Connection ID parameter with PTOP service only Assign a unique connection ID for each X 121 connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 11 114059 Rev A 3 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Disable If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to
36. 9 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Remote X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies a destination X 121 address You must specify a destination X 121 address if you are configuring PDN or Point to Point services If you are configuring DDN services the router derives this address from the remote IP address Enter a destination X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits that is reachable over this X 25 interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 12 Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Disable If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for any of the other protocols opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol Bay Networks advises multiplexing only when you configure multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service Select Enable if you want to multiplex traffic over a single virtual circuit Otherwise select Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 34 114059 Rev A 4 29 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Ins
37. APB implementations result in two different LAPB management information bases MIBs This means that if you copy an existing configuration from a Bay Networks router that uses the MK5025 chip to the AN or ASN or the BN or LN with octal sync the configuration may not work because the location of the LAPB MIB is different 1 4 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview Although detailed discussion of the LAPB MIB is beyond the scope of this guide when you configure X 25 you automatically set up LAPB for all routers Network Layer The network or packet layer establishes the virtual circuit and provides procedures for call establishment data transfer flow control error recovery and call clearing The router uses the network layer to determine destination X 121 addresses and to specify which user configurable X 25 facilities the network layer supports See Determining the X 121 Destination later in this chapter for more information about X 121 addresses The X 25 Protocol defines how the DTE and its respective DCE communicate and exchange data The X 25 network transmits data over virtual circuits VCs between each source and destination on the network Because as many as 128 VCs can exist on the same physical link at the same time multiple devices can share the bandwidth of the transmission line sending data in multiple packets from the source to the destination X 25 Network Types The Bay Networks router transmits data a
38. DN Connection ID Remote IP Address 123 123 123 126 Remote X 121 Address 7654321 Enable 1356 Multiplexing DISABLE Figure 3 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a PDN Network 1 Click on Add to display the X 25 Service window Figure 3 5 3 10 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service X25 SERVICE Cancel OK Type Remote IP Address Remote X 121 Address Connection ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing Figure 3 5 X 25 Service Window 2 Configure the X 25 network service parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide 3 When you are done click on OK The X 25 Service Configuration window appears It now displays the record you just added At this point you can e Add another network service record by repeating Steps 1 through 3 e Enable bridging and routing services on the X 25 circuit by following the instructions in the next section Enabling Bridging and Routing Services on an X 25 Circuit Edit the remaining X 25 network service parameters for which the default values are currently in effect refer to Chapter 4 Note If you selected IPEX in the Type parameter the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears when you click on OK in Step 3 above See Chapter 5 for instructions on configuring IPEX Mapping parameters 114059 Rev A 3 11 Configuring X 25 Services X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines
39. For example if you configure an interface for DDN services you cannot configure any other type of service You can however configure an interface to run PDN and Point to Point services together How X 25 Services Work End users on a LAN use the services of the Bay Networks router to access X 25 networks The router acts as a DTE device it encapsulates user data in X 25 format and transmits it across the network To demonstrate how Bay Networks X 25 services work the following sections explain how Router A which is configured for X 25 PDN services routes data from IP endstation 1 1 1 2 over the X 25 network to IP endstation 3 1 1 2 Refer to Figure 1 4 as you read the next sections 1 6 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview 10000 X 25 PDN 20000 1 1 1 1 El 2 1 1 1 gt 2 1 1 2 El J DCE m DCE Router A Router B 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 IP Network IP Network Key DCE Data Circuit terminating Equipment 10000 20000 X 121 Addresses X250005A Figure 1 4 Sample X 25 Configuration Determining the X 121 Destination Each interface connecting to the X 25 network has an X 121 address which consists of 1 to 15 decimal digits For example in Figure 1 4 the X 121 network addresses for Routers A and B are 10000 and 20000 respectively Router A c
40. P Configuration window click on OK The Enter Adjacent Host window appears refer to Figure 3 9 11 Specify the IP address for the remote host as previously described If you need to specify additional IP interfaces on the X 25 circuit click on Add in the IP Interfaces window refer to Figure 3 10 and continue adding IP interfaces until you are finished 3 24 114059 Rev A Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters After you enable X 25 you can edit all X 25 parameters from the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 Refer to Configuring Routers for instructions on using Site Manager to access this window For each X 25 parameter this chapter gives the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the value you enter for a parameter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration 114059 Rev A 4 1 Configuring X 25 Services B migration Wamagr 1 M D Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE File Name tmp mnt usr21
41. PEX When communicating with an X 25 DTE the Bay Networks IPEX router acts as an X 25 DCE Conversely when communicating with an X 25 DCE the Bay Networks IPEX router acts as an X 25 DTE The IPEX router provides X 25 SVC support You define the connection between two X 25 systems during configuration When either a DCE or DTE initiates a call the router establishes a TCP connection SVCs must have an X 121 address for the router to make the TCP connection IPEX Network Interfaces Bay Networks routers that support IPEX services use the following protocols e X25 Packet Layer Protocol PLP e Transmission Control Protocol TCP e Internet Protocol IP 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services X 25 PLP Interface The X 25 PLP interface corresponds to OSI Layer 3 On an X 25 PLP interface you can create and configure multiple SVCs On an X 25 interface you can configure IPEX service and another type of X 25 service PDN Point to Point or DDN IPEX uses the X 25 flow control mechanisms to detect any congestion in the X 25 connection IPEX uses the X 25 PLP client interface to e Open and close X 25 connections e Send data to the X 25 module for transmission Process received data delivered from the X 25 module e Control the flow of data across the client interface e Ensure data integrity TCP Interface IPEX appears to TCP as a client As such IPEX specifies the socket for the local TCP interface consisting of it
42. Parameter Default Options Function Instructions Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Destination Circuit Name TCP Circuit if the source connection type is SVC The serial port configured for IPEX if the source connection type is TCP TCP Circuit The serial port configured for IPEX Specifies the circuit that sends the tunneled message to the destination Site Manager configures this parameter automatically after you configure the Source Connection Type parameter If the source connection type is SVC the Destination Circuit Name is TCP Circuit and IP routing determines the appropriate circuit on the router If the source connection type is TCP the Destination Circuit Name is the serial port configured for IPEX You cannot change the value of this parameter If you want to make a change delete the entry and create a new one Client Queue Size The larger of TCP Max Window Size or IPEX Max Message Size usually 4096 16 through 8192 bytes Specifies the size in bytes of the IPEX queues used for buffering data between TCP and X 25 The value of this parameter must be at least as large as that of the Maximum Message Size parameter and the software prevents you from assigning a lower value Accept the default or select a client queue size at least as large as the maximum message size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 14 5 16 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Opti
43. Reverse Charging 4 19 RPOA Selection 4 21 Sequence Size 4 8 Statistics Computation 4 24 T1 Timer 4 12 T2 Timer 4 13 T3 Timer 4 13 T4 Timer 4 13 Throughput Class Negotiation 4 16 Transit Delay 4 21 Tx Rx Throughput Class 4 16 synchronous line 2 4 PDN X 121 Address parameter 3 6 4 7 PLP Packet Layer Protocol 1 13 Point to Point Service PTOP 2 6 Point to Point X 25 service Bay Networks proprietary 1 6 specifying as X 25 service type 3 12 4 27 port TCP 1 14 5 12 Precedence parameter 4 31 processing a call 1 7 determining X 121 destination 1 7 to 1 8 generating call requests 1 8 transmitting data 1 10 to 1 11 Promiscuous parameter default setting 2 4 protocol Internet 1 13 message based X 25 1 18 TCP stack 1 18 unstructured stream TCP 1 18 114059 Rev A Index 5 Configuring X 25 Services X 25 Layer 3 1 13 X 25 stack 1 18 Public Data Network PDN 1 5 enabling 3 6 4 7 specifying as X 25 service type 3 12 4 27 Q Qualified Data bit Q bit 1 19 R Release Format parameter 2 3 4 22 Remote Addr parameter default setting 2 4 Remote IP Address parameter 3 12 4 28 5 11 Remote TCP Port Number parameter 5 12 Remote X 121 Address parameter 3 13 4 29 Restart Procedure Type parameter 4 8 Reverse Charge Accept parameter 4 18 4 34 Reverse Charge Request parameter 4 34 Reverse Charging parameter 4 19 RFC 1356 multiplexing 2 5 3 14 routing
44. Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers The logical channel consists of a 4 bit logical channel group number concatenated with an 8 bit logical channel number The logical channel number identifies this circuit as the one that will carry all data transmitted between the router and the destination DTE once the connection to the destination X 121 address is established Establishing a Virtual Circuit After Router A determines the destination X 121 address the two routers establish a virtual circuit as follows 1 Router A uses the services of the packet layer protocol to generate a call request packet that it sends to Router B 1 8 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview Along with various optional X 25 facilities the call request packet specifies the outgoing logical channel number Router A s X 121 address and Router B s X 121 address Figure 1 6 Logical Channel Number 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 4 Call Request Source Destination X 121 Length X 121 Length Destination X 121 Address Source X 121 Address Facilities Length Facilities Data X250007A Figure 1 6 X 25 Call Request Packet Format 2 When the local DCE receives Router A s call request the DCE forwards it across the X 25 network where it is eventually routed to Router B 3 Router B checks the called address for a match to its configured X 121 address It also checks the calling address for a match to the remot
45. X 25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX The TCP and X 25 communication stacks share the responsibility for maintaining areliable and efficient data flow That is if data loss occurs because of a lack of software resources or intermittent transmission errors the communication stack on that side must retransmit the lost data In addition both sides must independently maintain protocol flow control Data loss may also occur due to hardware or other catastrophic failures You must implement redundancy in the network topology design and provide manual or automated intervention to handle these types of data communication failures IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages M bit X 25 is a message based protocol and TCP is an unstructured stream protocol They differ in the way they send outgoing traffic from their clients and deliver incoming traffic to their clients 1 18 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview How X 25 Handles Large Data Messages When the X 25 client submits an X 25 message that is larger than an X 25 packet size the X 25 protocol fragments the message X 25 then transmits the sequence of packets containing these fragments Within each packet X 25 includes a flag M bit that indicates the fragmentation and helps the receiver reassemble the message How TCP Handles Large Data Messages TCP on the other hand does not have a flag to mark fragmentation of messages that are bigger than the TCP maximum transmission unit MTU size Th
46. ai e tei Pop ER rhe ta pen tere 4 5 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a DDN Network 4 25 Figure 4 5 Default DDN Service Window cccceceeceeeeeeeeeceteeeeeeaeeseeeeeeenaeeteaes 4 26 Figure 5 1 Configuration Manager Window Showing IPEX Protocols Menu 5 2 Figure 5 2 Edit IPEX Global Parameters Window cerent tente 5 2 Figure 3 3 A25 Service WINGO ci assists sneer hate bnc E C e Edi dad dat d dn 5 4 Figure 5 4 Values Selection Window Hus icis E ox ruben end ie Tae 55 Figure 5 5 IPEX Mapping Table Configuration Window esses 5 6 Figure 5 6 IPEX Mapping Type WInqdQW iiiuuusui eec hath an txk th danda kt nn ent dn 5 7 Figure S7 Values Selecion VIIHOOW usos crtex t e 5 8 Figure 5 8 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for SVC sssssssssss 5 9 Figure 5 9 IPEX Mapping Parameters Window for TCP c cesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeaes 5 9 Figure A 1 Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters sssssss A 1 Figure A 2 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type A 2 Figure A 3 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type A 2 Figure A 4 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type A 3 Figure A 5 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type A 3 X 114059 Rev A Tables Table 2 1 X25 Pac
47. al SVC LCN Start parameter 3 8 4 11 Blacker Front End BFE Network 1 5 enabling 3 6 4 7 4 34 BN routers with Octal Sync configuring LAPB 1 4 BN VME routers defaults for synchronous line parameters 2 4 BOFL parameter default setting 2 4 boundary message 1 19 bridging protocols enabling 3 15 Broadcast parameter 4 30 Index C call request packet format 1 9 call requests for X 25 1 8 Call Retry parameter 4 31 CCITT Conformance parameter 4 23 Charging Information parameter 4 21 Client Queue Size parameter 5 16 Client Response Timer parameter 4 24 clocking sources for X 25 2 2 compression See data compression CompuServe Bay Networks forum on xx Configure OSPF parameter 3 24 Configure RIP parameter 3 23 configuring IPEX mapping 5 4 configuring multiple IP addresses 3 16 congestion 1 14 Connection ID parameter 3 13 4 28 CUG Bilateral Selection parameter 4 20 CUG Facility Format parameter 4 36 CUG Facility Type parameter 4 36 CUG Number parameter 4 37 CUG Outgoing Access parameter 4 20 CUG Selection parameter 4 19 Customer Service FTP xix customer support See getting help 114059 Rev A Index 1 Configuring X 25 Services D data circuit terminating equipment DCE defined 1 1 data compression 2 1 enabling 2 1 4 30 X 25 service record 2 1 data terminal equipment DTE defined 1 1 data transmission X 25 1 10 DDN BFE parameter 4 34 DDN IP Address para
48. al to enable routing between CUGs Select OA to allow communication between CUGs with outgoing access If you select OA make sure that you set the packet level parameter CUG Outgoing Access to CUGOA Select Bilateral to allow communication between bilateral CUGs If you select this option make sure that you set the packet level parameter CUG Bilateral Selection to Bilateral 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 27 4 36 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter CUG Number Default 0 Range 0 through 9999 Function Identifies each CUG with a number so that information is routed to the correct CUG Instructions Enter a number for the closed user group MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 28 Deleting X 25 Network Service Records To delete a network service record begin at the X 25 Service Configuration window refer to Figure 4 4 and 1 Select the network service record that you want to delete 2 Click on Delete The X 25 Service Configuration window no longer lists the network service record you deleted 3 Click on Done to save your changes and exit the window Deleting X 25 from the Router To delete X 25 from the router globally begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 4 1 and 1 Select Protocols X25 Delete X 25 A window pops up and prompts Do you REALLY want to delete X 25 2 Click on OK Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window X 25 is no longe
49. ameter to a value greater than you specify for the packet level parameter Max Packet Length Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Fast Select Request OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select request facility on each virtual circuit When you enable this parameter call request packets this router generates and sends to the remote X 121 address in this service record contain the fast select request facility To enable the fast select request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 22 Fast Select Accept OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select accept facility When you enable the fast select accept facility the router can accept incoming fast select call requests from the remote X 121 address in this service record To enable the fast select accept facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 23 114059 Rev A 4 33 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Reverse Charge Request OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call reques
50. as shown Table 2 1 X 25 Packet level Parameters Parameter Value Flow Control Negotiation On Max Window Size See the parameter descriptions for options Max Packet Length See the parameter descriptions for options Acceptance Format DEFEXT specifies default Basic format Release Format DEFEXT specifies default Basic format Table 2 2 X 25 Service Record Parameters Parameter Value Flow Facility Negot negotiate flow facility Window Size See the parameter descriptions for options Packet Size See the parameter descriptions for options 114059 Rev A 2 3 Configuring X 25 Services Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN When you create a new X 25 line on a Bay Networks AN or ASN router Site Manager automatically uses default values to configure LAPB If you want to edit the LAPB parameters you can access them through the Edit Line Parameters window after you have created the new X 25 line For further information refer to Configuring Line Services Configuring Synchronous Lines with X 25 Table 2 3 shows the default synchronous line configurations for an AN ASN and a BN VME router Table 2 3 Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X 25 Synchronous Line Parameter AN ASN X 25 BN VME X 25 BOFL Disable Disable MTU 512 1600 Service Transparent LAPB Transmit Window Size 1 7 Min Frame Spacing 1 1 Local Addr 7 1t Promiscuous Enable Disable Remote A
51. ask Reply Figure 3 10 IP Interfaces Window Note For information on the parameters in the IP Interfaces window refer to Configuring IP Services 8 Click on Add to configure additional IP interfaces on the X 25 circuit The IP Configuration window appears Figure 3 11 3 22 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service IP CONFIGURATION IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Bcast Configure RIP Configure OSPF Cancel Addr UnNumbered Assoc Addr Figure 3 11 Adding an IP Interface to an X 25 Circuit 9 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configure the parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide See Step 3 for descriptions of the IP Address Subnet Mask and Transmit Bcast Addr parameters Note that you do not need to set the Unnumbered Assoc Addr parameter Configure RIP None YES NO Specifies whether the Routing Information Protocol RIP is configured on this interface Click on Values and select YES or NO None 114059 Rev A 3 23 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Configure OSPF Default None Options YES NO Function Specifies whether the Open Shortest Path First OSPF protocol is configured on this interface Instructions Click on Values and select YES or NO MIB Object ID None For detailed information on RIP and OSPF refer to Configuring IP Services 10 After you have specified the parameters in the I
52. called X 121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X 25 call packet You configure this parameter only with source connections of type TCP and only when you set the Mapping Type parameter to Local Enter the called X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The destination address depends on the network device to which this circuit is connected Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 10 X 25 Call User Data None Any valid call user data up to 128 bytes Specifies the X 25 call user data field content inserted in the X 25 Call Request packet You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is TCP and the mapping type is Local Enter the appropriate data in ASCII format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 10 5 14 114059 Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Additional Mapping Parameters You can access the following parameters in the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables a particular IPEX mapping entry on this interface Select Enable the default to activate this IPEX mapping entry Select Disable only if you want to deactivate this mapping entry When you select Disable you eliminate all active IPEX sessions established with this mapping entry 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 2 114059 Rev A 5 15 Configuring X 25 Services
53. cross four types of X 25 network services e Public Data Network PDN The X 25 PDN service provides end to end connectivity between the router and a remote DTE that supports Internet RFC 1356 X 25 services The Bay Networks router supports Internet RFC 1356 for IP OSI DECnet IPX and XNS e Defense Data Network DDN The X 25 DDN service provides end to end connectivity between a router and a remote DTE that supports X 25 DDN Standard Service IP uses DDN service to transmit IP datagrams OSI uses DDN service to send OSI protocol data units PDUs over the X 25 network No other protocols use DDN services You can implement an X 25 DDN network as a Blacker front end encryption BFE network BFE is an external standalone encryption device that you connect to your router to establish X 25 DDN networks 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services e Point to Point Service Point to Point service is proprietary to Bay Networks so Bay Networks routers must be at both ends of the connection AppleTalk transparent and spanning tree bridging DECnet IP VINES XNS IPX and OSI can use Point to Point X 25 service to transmit datagrams over the X 25 network e IP Encapsulation of X 25 IPEX IPEX allows two X 25 systems to exchange messages by tunneling over a TCP IP network The type of datagram traffic that the router forwards depends upon the type of network layer service enabled on each of the router s network interfaces
54. ction is highlighted Parameter Link Address Type Default DCE Options DCE DTE Function Specifies whether this interface provides logical DCE or DTE services Instructions Specify the service type as DCE or DTE You must set one end of the link as a DCE and the other end as a DTE 114059 Rev A 3 5 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Network Address Type PDN_Network PDN_Network DDN_Network BFE_Network Specifies the type of X 25 network to which the interface connects The value of this parameter determines the format of the local X 121 address Specify PDN_Network for a Public Data Network or a Point to Point connection Specify DDN_Network for a Defense Data Network Specify BFE_Network for a DDN that uses BFE encryption If you specify PDN_Network you must enter the local address in X 121 address format that is you must specify a value for the PDN X 121 Address parameter If you specify DDN_Network or BFE_Network you must enter the local address in IP address format that is you must specify a value for the DDN IP Address parameter The router will translate the address into X 121 format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 50 PDN X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the X 121 address assigned to this interface The X 25 network service provider
55. d disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Trademarks of Bay Networks Inc ACE AFN AN BCN BLN BN BNX CN FN FRE GAME LN Optivity PPX SynOptics SynOptics Communications Wellfleet and the Wellfleet logo are registered trademarks and ANH ASN BayeSIS BCNX BLNX EZ Install EZ Internetwork EZ LAN PathMan PhonePlus Quick2Config RouterMan SPEX Bay Networks Bay Networks Press the Bay Networks logo and the SynOptics logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc Third Party Trademarks All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge
56. ddr 7 3t WAN Protocol LAPB X 25 Sync Polling Enable Disable Setthis parameter to the same value on both sides of the X 25 connection The default is calculated to be 2 times the packet size times the window size For nonsegmenting protocols AppleTalk DECnet you may need to increase the MTU to a larger value T The addresses are those of the BN VME router configured as a DCE they are reversed if the router is configured as a DTE Set this parameter to Disable if the physical interface is not V 35 If you want to edit the synchronous line parameters you can access them through the Edit Line Parameters window after you have created the new X 25 line For more information on these parameters refer to Configuring Line Services 2 4 114059 Rev A Implementation Notes DDN Default Service Record When you configure the Service Type as DDN you can automatically configure service records that use default parameter values for every DDN SVC on your network This means that you do not have to individually configure DDN service records To use the default DDN service record feature set the Use Default Service Configuration packet level parameter to ON You can also change the default values that apply when you set the Use Default Service Configuration parameter to ON Refer to Chapter 4 for instructions If you want to configure specific DDN SVCs with nondefault values you can configure them individually If you set
57. e facilities a default Basic call accept packet format is used Select the appropriate call accept packet format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 30 Release Format Basic 2 Basic 2 Allext 255 Defext 128 Specifies the format of the call clear packet as follows Basic is Basic call clear packet format ALLEXT is Extended call clear packet format DEFEXT specifies that when an incoming call does not include facilities a default Basic call clear packet format is used Select the appropriate call clear packet format 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 31 4 22 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters CCITT Conformance DXE1988 DXE1980 DXE1984 DXE1988 FDSEL1980 FDSEL1984 FDSEL1988 Specifies the CCITT now ITU T specification to which the router s operation conforms Select a CCITT conformance year that matches your network requirements For example if you are connecting to a DXE1980 compliant network select DXE1980 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 46 Network Standard None None ISO DOD Specifies the network standard with which your router complies The value of this parameter is in addition to the ITU T formerly CCITT specification with which your network conforms Select the appropriate network standard Choose None if you want t
58. e Regord usadas eise e did iat Agra FA a Ra AR didt 3 10 X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions sssssse 3 12 Adding X 25 Network Service Records to a Previously Canfigured Mendog ds esos ERR Rui etu E te pisei S 3 15 Enabling Bridging and Routing Services on an X 25 Circuit susss 3515 Configuring IP Interfaces over X 25 CUCUIG nuucucun eec dace aaa Ra RR at 3 16 Chapter 4 Editing X 25 Parameters Ediingahe 625 Global PaPIIGUBE aunendsasdened tis andada niii ana eiia Praec tadui c ere ues 4 2 A 2b Global Parameter DSeerptlioll 222 2 cb rr tel Soo scio bd di 4 3 Editing X 25 Packetlevel Paramelors c dei e EPA pU HEAR VERE Ur PA I orbe aoe 4 4 X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions AE E SuSE MAD E basto sd 4 5 Editing X25 Network Service Records siiasamasse aE 4 24 X 25 Network Service Record Parameter Descriptions essssssse 4 27 Deleting X 25TNelwork Serice Recorda 121 piece Roto pias t herr niee dapi rhe R dS 4 37 Delsing X26 reme ROUE sac Gi e RR Der oa bcd a leto bt ad nd 4 37 Chapter 5 Editing IPEX Parameters Accessing IPEX Global ParamiBIBE S 35er tante Y RI ere RR Ece E RR e ER En Prado eds 5 1 IPEX Global Parameter Besellplig hie uisu isisi saiast duca le Duck aid lac 5 3 Contigutnmg IPEX Mapping ENNES assi Cb ede Ne ER adio edu i aii 5 4 Adding an IPEX Mapping Table EY 15 erre EU YE ReE EO ER EO REOR arcos 5 4 IPEX Mapping Parame
59. e X 121 address configured in the service record 4 If it finds both matches it accepts the call and responds with a call accept packet that establishes the virtual connection between the two routers When the virtual circuit is established the router can transmit and receive data Figure 1 7 114059 Rev A 1 9 Configuring X 25 Services 1 Send Request X 25 PDN Cd Call Request DCE DCE Incoming Call e Router A Router B 2 Establish Connection X 25 PDN Call Confirm DCE DCE Call Accept Router A Router B 3 Encapsulate and Transmit Data X 25 PDN User Data DCE DCE User Data gt _ Router A Router B X250008A Figure 1 7 Setting Up an X 25 Call Connection Transmitting Data After Router B establishes the circuit data travels between endstations 1 1 1 2 and 3 1 1 2 as follows 1 Router A begins processing the packets it receives from IP endstation 1 1 1 2 across the X 25 network to Router B 2 Router B removes the X 25 packet headers and trailers and forwards only the IP data to IP endstation 3 1 1 2 Figure 1 8 1 10 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview 3 IP endstation 3 1 1 2 transmits data to endstation 1 1 1 2 Note that other IP endstations for example 1 1 1 3 can use the virtual circuit to transmit data in the direction of
60. e portion of a message that does not fit into one TCP data segment is sent in a subsequent data segment Without a flag or any indication of the size of the message the TCP client has no way of determining the boundary of a message that is whether the complete message is contained within one or in several data segments Hence once IPEX receives the X 25 user data and translates it to a TCP data segment the message boundary is lost To minimize changes in the existing host applications IPEX maintains the X 25 message boundary IPEX structures the application information into message blocks before encapsulating it in TCP data segments Q bit Support IPEX service includes support for the Qualified Data bit Q bit which is transported generically through the network A Q bit value of 1 indicates that the frame is a control frame and a value of 0 indicates that it is a data frame 114059 Rev A 1 19 Chapter 2 Implementation Notes This chapter describes special features of the Bay Networks X 25 implementation including Data compression Load sharing Clocking sources for routers set back to back Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters Flow control negotiation Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN Configuring synchronous lines DDN default service record RFC 1356 PTOP encapsulation X 25 Data Compression Bay Networks data compression software enables you to reduce line costs and improve response times over X 25 n
61. eb links feature enables you to go directly from the CD to various Bay Networks Web pages CompuServe For assistance with noncritical network support issues Bay Networks Information Services maintain an active forum on CompuServe a global bulletin board system This forum provides file services technology conferences and a message section to get assistance from other users The message section is monitored by Bay Networks engineers who provide assistance wherever possible Customers and resellers holding Bay Networks service contracts also have access to special libraries for advanced levels of support documentation and software To take advantage of CompuServe s recently enhanced menu options the Bay Networks Forum has been re engineered to allow links to our Web sites and FTP sites We recommend the use of CompuServe Information Manager software to access these Bay Networks Information Services resources To open an account and receive a local dial up number in the United States call CompuServe at 1 800 524 3388 Outside of the United States call 1 614 529 1349 or your nearest CompuServe office Ask for Representative No 591 When you re on line with your CompuServe account you can reach us with the command GO BAYNET xviii 114059 Rev A InfoFACTS Technical Support and Online Services InfoFACTS is the Bay Networks free 24 hour fax on demand service This automated system has libraries of technical and product docu
62. elect Protocols gt IPEX gt IPEX Mapping Table The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears refer to Figure 5 5 2 Select the entry that you want to delete 3 Click on Delete The system software deletes the entry you selected and the entry disappears from the list of IPEX Mapping Table entries in the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window Deleting IPEX from the Router T o delete IPEX globally begin at the Configuration Manager window and 1 Select IPEX gt Global gt Delete IPEX A window prompts Do you REALLY want to delete IPI 2 Click on OK EX Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window IPEX is no longer configured on the router 114059 Rev A 5 19 Appendix A Sample IPEX Configuration IPEX Mapping Example This sample configuration for IPEX mapping parameters Figure A 1 illustrates two X 25 terminals that use X 25 TCP IP Tunneling TCP X 25 Level 3 TCP connections TCP X 25 Level 3 connections port 15000 port 15000 connections Z TCP IP local remote E X 25 DTE IPEX IPEX X 25 DCE X 121 address is 987 router router X 121 address is 123 IP address IP address 192 168 134 222 192 168 134 111 X250014A Figure A 1 Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters In this example the calling X 25 terminal on the left
63. ermines whether facilities call user data M bit and Q bit support terminate locally or are passed across the TCP IP connection If you set the mapping type to local IPEX ports can support different packet sizes at each end but message size can be no longer than 4 KB If you configure end to end mapping all IPEX ports must have the same packet and window size or the M bit support will not function properly End to end mapping allows unlimited message size IPEX Connection Summary To set up a reliable tunneling session each side must successfully establish a connection When one side receives a call request the other side attempts to connect If the connection attempt fails on the remote side the local side will reject the call request it received because the tunneling session cannot be set up 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Figure 1 12 shows how IPEX mediates the interaction between the two protocol stacks as the data flows between the X 25 client terminals and the TCP based hosts Information Information from to other from to other X 25 terminals IPEX routers EL o LJ IPEX Module TCP IP e oN ojl 9 gt gt 2 ite rre A N x x lt IEEE 802 2 X 25 Level 3 X 25 Level 2 IEEE 802 2 IEEE 802 3 MCT1 E1 IEEE 802 5 IEEE 802 3 V 35 X250013A Figure 1 12 Role of the
64. et at the same time This section leads you through the Configuration Manager windows that appear when you configure IP interfaces on a single X 25 circuit To configure multiple IP addresses over X 25 1 From the X 25 Service Configuration window Figure 3 6 select Protocols gt Add Delete 3 16 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service x 25 PDN Slot 2 COM2 Cct 15 No 1 Enable ENABLE Type Connection ID Remote IP Address Remote X 121 Address Enable Compression Figure 3 6 Selecting Protocols Add Delete The Select Protocols window appears Figure 3 7 114059 Rev A 3 17 Configuring X 25 Services Select Protocols c OSPF BOOTP IGMP DVMRP Decnet IV EGP BGP IPX Figure 3 7 Select Protocols Windows 2 From the Select Protocols window select IP and click on OK to display the IP Configuration window Figure 3 8 3 18 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service IP CONFIGURATION Cancel 0K Values Details Help Subnet Mask Transmit Bcast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Addr Figure 3 8 IP Configuration Window 3 Configure the parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide Note that you do not need to set the Unnumbered Assoc Addr parameter Parameter IP Address Default None Options Any valid IP address Function Assigns a 32 bit IP address to the interface Instructions Enter the IP address of the interface in dotted dec
65. eter you configure in the Service window 4 Click on OK The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration window appears Figure 5 5 114059 Rev A 5 5 Configuring X 25 Services Done Add Delete Apply Values Help Enable Destination Circuit Name Destination Connection Type Mapping Type Source X 121 Address Destination X 121 Address Figure 5 5 IPEX Mapping Table Configuration Window 5 Click on Add The IPEX Mapping Type window appears Figure 5 6 5 6 114059 Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Cancel Source Connection Type Figure 5 6 IPEX Mapping Type Window 6 Click on the Values button and select a source connection type from the menu that appears Figure 5 7 using the parameter description that follows as a guide Parameter Source Connection Type Default None Option SVC TCP Function Specifies the type of connection at the sending end of the original message SVC specifies an X 25 Level 3 connection TCP is a Transmission Control Protocol connection Source connection type SVC sends to destination connection type TCP Source connection type TCP sends to destination connection type SVC Instructions Select SVC to specify an X 25 connection to a switched virtual circuit Select TCP to specify a Transmission Control Protocol connection MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 18 3 5 15 2 1 4 Note Either the source or the destination connection type but not both must be TCP
66. etworks Our data compression eliminates redundancies in data streams When you use compression on your network bandwidth efficiency improves enabling you to transmit more data over a given amount of network bandwidth To use data compression with X 25 you must set the X 25 service record parameter Enable Compression to Enable See Chapter 4 for information about how to access this parameter 114059 Rev A 2 1 Configuring X 25 Services For a complete discussion of data compression descriptions of compression parameters and instructions for configuring compression for an X 25 interface see Configuring Data Compression Services Load Sharing The Bay Networks implementation of X 25 on PDN networks includes load sharing across as many as four VCs using a round robin algorithm to distribute traffic This feature improves performance by increasing the effective window size that is the number of packets that a DTE can transmit before it receives an acknowledgment To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them you must set the Max Connections network service record parameter to a value greater than 1 refer to Chapter 4 Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back to Back If two Bay Networks routers are operating back to back without a clocking source you must configure internal clocking on both routers Use a crossover cable to connect the ports The default clocking source for X 25 is exte
67. f criteria including date severity status and case ID e Log notes to existing open cases e Create new cases for rapid efficient handling of noncritical network situations Communicate directly via e mail with the specific technical resources assigned to your case The Bay Networks URL is Attp www baynetworks com Customer Service is a menu item on that home page Customer Service FTP Accessible via URL ftp support baynetworks com 134 177 3 26 this site combines and organizes support files and documentation from across the Bay Networks product suite including switching products from our Centillion and Xylogics business units Central management and sponsorship of this FTP site lets you quickly locate information on any of your Bay Networks products 114059 Rev A xvii Configuring X 25 Services Support Source CD This CD ROM sent quarterly to all contracted customers is a complete Bay Networks Service troubleshooting knowledge database with an intelligent text search engine The Support Source CD contains extracts from our problem tracking database information from the Bay Networks Forum on CompuServe comprehensive technical documentation such as Customer Support Bulletins Release Notes software patches and fixes and complete information on all Bay Networks Service programs You can run a single version on Macintosh Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows NT DOS or UNIX computing platforms A W
68. figuration 3 19 IPEX Mapping Parameters 5 9 Select Protocols 3 18 Values list 5 10 WAN Protocols 3 3 X 25 Packet Config 3 4 X 25 Service 3 11 X 25 Service Configuration 3 10 3 17 Window Size parameter 2 3 4 32 changing default setting 4 6 World Wide Web Bay Networks home page on XIX X X 121 destination addresses 1 7 1 8 X 25 data compression 2 1 default parameter settings B 1 to B 5 enabling 3 1 implementation notes 2 1 to 2 4 large data messages 1 19 Layer 3 PLP interface 1 13 load sharing 2 2 message based protocol 1 18 overview 1 1 to 1 6 protocol stack 1 18 switched virtual circuit 1 12 X 25 Call User Data parameter 5 14 Index 114059 Rev A Index 7
69. gure at the packet and service record level determine which facilities are supported If you set this parameter to Local IPEX ports can support different packet sizes at each end You must also configure the Source X 121 Address parameter for an SVC source connection type and both Source and Destination X 121 Address parameters for a TCP source connection type If you configure End to End mapping all IPEX ports must have the same packet and window size because if you allow different packet sizes the M bit support does not function correctly Select Local or End_to_End 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 16 114059 Rev A 5 13 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Source X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the calling X 121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X 25 call packet You configure this parameter only with source connections of type TCP and only when you set the Mapping Type parameter to Local Enter the calling X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits The source address is based on where the call originated Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 9 Destination X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the
70. he Source X 121 Address parameter for an SVC source connection type and both Source and Destination X 121 Address parameters for a TCP source connection type If you configure End to End mapping all IPEX ports must have the same packet and window size because if you allow different packet sizes the M bit support does not function correctly Select Local or End_to_End 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 16 Remote IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the remote IP address used to establish a TCP connection to the destination You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is SVC Enter the IP address of the remote connection Use dotted decimal notation for example 1 1 1 1 Consult your network administrator for the correct value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 12 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Remote TCP Port Number None The TCP port number at the remote connection a value between 12304 and 16399 Specifies the remote TCP port number used to establish a TCP connection to the destination The remote TCP port originates connections to the local TCP port You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is SVC Enter the TCP port number for the remote connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 13 Parameters for TCP Connections Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB
71. he X 25 client interface as well as the optimal receive and transmit windows at the TCP client interface Flow Control Parameter Negotiation The IPEX router can support the largest packet size defined in the X 25 standard Therefore it always accepts the proposed window and packet size parameters in the X 25 call packet from the client terminal after they are validated without negotiating a smaller window or packet size Sequence of Connections with IPEX Figure 1 11 illustrates the sequence of calls and connections in X 25 TCP IP tunneling 1 When the local IPEX router receives an incoming X 25 call request from a client X 25 terminal the local IPEX router sends a TCP connection request to the IPEX router serving the remote X 25 terminal 2 Theremote IPEX router then sends a call request to the remote X 25 terminal That terminal then responds with an X 25 call accepted packet 3 The remote IPEX router accepts the TCP connection 4 Thelocal IPEX router accepts the local X 25 connection 114059 Rev A 145 Configuring X 25 Services X 25 Call Request lg C
72. imal notation MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 4 114059 Rev A 3 19 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Subnet Mask Default 0 0 0 0 Options The Configuration Manager automatically calculates an appropriate subnet mask depending on the class of the network to which the interface connects However you can change the subnet mask with this parameter Function Specifies the network and subnetwork portion of the 32 bit IP address Instructions Accept the assigned subnet mask or enter another subnet mask in dotted decimal notation MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 6 Parameter Transmit Bcast Addr Default 0 0 0 0 Options 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP broadcast address Function Specifies the broadcast address that this IP subnet uses to broadcast packets Accepting 0 0 0 0 for this parameter specifies that the IP router will use a broadcast address with a host portion of all 1s Accepting 0 0 0 0 does not configure the router to use the address 0 0 0 0 to broadcast packets For example if you have IP address 123 1 1 1 and a subnet mask of 255 255 255 0 accepting the default value 0 0 0 0 configures the IP router to use the address 123 1 1 255 to broadcast packets To set an explicit broadcast address of all 1s enter 255 255 255 255 for this parameter Instructions Accept the default 0 0 0 0 unless the calculated broadcast address host portion of all 1s is not adequate In that case en
73. ing X 25 Parameters Precedence OFF ON OFF Specifies the priority of IP packets that this X 25 interface transmits and that traverse the X 25 network This parameter has meaning only for DDN services To enable IP packet prioritization set Precedence to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 16 Max Idle Mins 2 0 through 999 Specifies the maximum number of minutes that a virtual circuit can remain idle Once the Max Idle timer expires X 25 clears the circuit Point to Point connections do not use this parameter Use this parameter to minimize CPU and network overhead during periods of low datagram traffic Accept the default value 2 or enter a timeout value within the specified range To disable this parameter enter a value of 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 17 Call Retry 60 10 through 999 Specifies the interval in seconds between call request packets the router sends to a specific destination If a call attempt fails the router waits the number of seconds this parameter specifies before sending another call request packet to the destination If the router receives any IP datagrams for this destination it drops them during this period Accept the default 60 or enter a call retry interval within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 18 114059 Rev A 4 81 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Func
74. ither explicitly or implicitly except by acceptance of an order for either Software or for a Bay Networks product Equipment that is packaged with Software Each such license is subject to the following restrictions 1 Upon delivery of the Software Bay Networks grants to licensee a personal nontransferable nonexclusive license to use the Software with the Equipment with which or for which it was originally acquired including use at any of licensee s facilities to which the Equipment may be transferred for the useful life of the Equipment unless earlier terminated by default or cancellation Use of the Software shall be limited to such Equipment and to such facility Software which is licensed for use on hardware not offered by Bay Networks is not subject to restricted use on any Equipment however unless otherwise specified on the Documentation each licensed copy of such Software may only be installed on one hardware item at any time Licensee may use the Software with backup Equipment only if the Equipment with which or for which it was acquired is inoperative Licensee may make a single copy of the Software but not firmware for safekeeping archives or backup purposes Licensee may modify Software but not firmware or combine it with other software subject to the provision that those portions of the resulting software which incorporate Software are subject to the restrictions of this license Licensee shall not make the resul
75. keblevel PAramelers scceccisid cdessecscseasvsasecctissebsdedadidaccdeeessadeseens 2 3 Table 2 2 X 25 Service Record Parameters ssssssssseseeeererennnne 2 3 Table 2 3 Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X 25 sssssssssss 2 4 Table 4 1 Parameter Settings for Flow Control Negotiation ssss 4 14 Table 4 2 User Facilities ani COUBS uiuis opis oe aera less tis pU Rr eti aad A DUE 4 35 Table B 1 25 CI Paame e cente iore eee eccl eaa esu uadis B 1 Table B 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters ccccccccccceessessecssceeeeeeeesceeseseesteaaeeeeeeeess B 1 Table B 3 X 25 Network Service Record Parameters ccccccccccceccecsesssstecteeeeeeeees B 4 Table B 4 IPEX Global Paral llBEB 45 ttr Here D Lett ERO e E rae T Mieter han dci B 5 Table B 5 IPEX Mapping ParamelBle uisi parece d d lake reda Do dk add deb buie B 5 114059 Rev A xi About This Guide If you are responsible for configuring and managing Bay Networks routers read this guide to learn how to customize Bay Networks router software for X 25 services Configuring X 25 Services offers An overview of Bay Networks X 25 services Chapter 1 Implementation notes that may affect how you configure X 25 services Chapter 2 Directions for enabling X 25 Chapter 3 Descriptions of X 25 parameters and instructions for editing those parameters Chapter 4 Descriptions of IPEX parameters and instructions
76. le B 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters continued Parameter Default Network User Identification Off Incoming Calls Accept On Outgoing Calls Accept On Fast Select Accept Off Reverse Charge Accept Off Fast Select Off Reverse Charging Off CUG Selection Null CUG Outgoing Access Null CUG Bilateral Selection Null RPOA Selection Off Charging Information Off Transit Delay Off Full Addressing On Acceptance Format Basic 2 Release Format Basic 2 CCITT Conformance DXE1988 Network Standard None Statistics Computation Disable Client Response Timer 120 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Table B 3 X 25 Network Service Record Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Type None Connection ID 1 Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 Remote X 121 Address None Enable 1356 Multiplexing Disable Enable Compression Disable Broadcast Off Max Connections 2 Precedence Off Max Idle Mins 2 Call Retry 60 Flow Facility Default Window Size 2 Packet Size 128 Fast Select Request Off Fast Select Accept Off Reverse Charge Request Off Reverse Charge Accept Off DDN BFE Disable User Facility hex None CUG Facility Format None CUG Facility Type Normal CUG Number 0 114059 Rev A X 25 Default Parameter Settings Table B 4 IPEX Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Max Message Size 1600
77. lly enabled automatically Parameter Max Message Size Default 1600 Options 16 through 4096 bytes Function The maximum client message size that IPEX transports The value for this parameter cannot be larger than that for the Client Queue Size parameter and the software prevents you from assigning a value that is too large Instructions Accept the default or assign a value equal or less than that for the client MIB Object ID queue size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 1 4 114059 Rev A 5 3 Configuring X 25 Services Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries To set up the mapping between the X 25 and TCP interfaces 1 Add an entry to the IPEX Mapping Table 2 Configure the IPEX Mapping Parameters Adding an IPEX Mapping Table Entry To add an entry to the IPEX Mapping Table 1 Inthe X25 Service Configuration window refer to Figure 4 4 click on Add The X 25 Service window appears Figure 5 3 X25 SERVICE Cancel OK Type Remote IP Address Remote X 121 Address Connection ID Enable 1356 Multiplexing Figure 5 3 X 25 Service Window 2 Position your cursor in the Type parameter bar click on the Values button and select IPEX as the service type Figure 5 4 5 4 114059 Rev A Editing IPEX Parameters Values Selection Figure 5 4 Values Selection Window 3 Click on OK You return to the X 25 Service window which now lists IPEX as the Type parameter entry This is the only param
78. ments designed to help you manage and troubleshoot your Bay Networks products The system responds to a fax from the caller or to a third party within minutes of being accessed To use InfoFACTS in the United States or Canada call toll free 1 800 786 3228 Outside of North America toll calls can be made to 1 408 764 1002 In Europe toll free numbers are also available for contacting both InfoFACTS and CompuServe Please check our Web page for the listing in your country How to Get Help Use the following numbers to reach your Bay Networks Technical Response Center Technical Response Center Telephone Number Fax Number Billerica MA 1 800 2LANWAN 508 670 8765 Santa Clara CA 1 800 2LANWAN 408 764 1188 Valbonne France 33 92 968 968 Sydney Australia 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0180 33 92 966 998 81 3 5402 0173 114059 Rev A xix Chapter 1 X 25 Overview The X 25 Protocol transports LAN traffic to packet switching networks PSNs X 25 allows many different kinds of equipment to communicate across networks at a relatively low cost Common carriers mainly the telephone companies designed X 25 An agency of the United Nations the International Telecommunications Union Telecommunications sector ITU T formerly CCITT administers the X 25 Protocol X 25 is a global standard and is the dominant communication
79. meter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Charging Information OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with charging information however the packet layer does not collect any charging information To enable the charging information facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 27 Transit Delay OFF ON OFF Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with transit delay Note that the router does not send outgoing calls with transit delay To enable transit delay set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 28 114059 Rev A 4 21 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Full Addressing ON ON OFF Specifies whether the router includes a full local DTE address in all outgoing call requests transmitted on this interface To enable full addressing set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 29 Acceptance Format Basic 2 Basic 2 Allext 255 Defext 128 Specifies the call accept packet format as follows Basic is Basic call accept packet format ALLEXT is Extended call accept packet format DEFEXT specifies that when an incoming call does not includ
80. meter 3 7 4 8 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length parameter 4 9 Default Tx Rx Window Size parameter 4 9 defaults IPEX parameters B 5 X 25 global parameter B 1 X 25 network service record parameters B 4 X 25 packet level parameters B 1 to B 3 Defense Data Network DDN 1 5 Blacker Front End 1 5 enabling 4 34 enabling 3 6 4 7 specifying as X 25 service type 3 12 4 27 deleting IPEX 5 19 IPEX mapping table parameters 5 19 network service records 4 37 X 25 from the router 4 37 Destination Circuit Name parameter 5 16 Destination Connection Type parameter 5 13 Destination X 121 Address parameter 5 14 E editing global parameter 4 2 IPEX parameters 5 1 to 5 19 LAPB parameters 5 18 mapping table entries 5 18 network service parameters 4 24 to 4 37 packet level parameters 4 4 to 4 24 Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter 3 14 4 29 Enable Compression parameter 4 30 Enable parameter global 4 3 IPEX global 5 3 IPEX mapping 5 15 packet level 4 6 service record 4 27 enabling bridging routing protocols on a circuit 3 15 data compression 2 1 4 30 X 25 on a circuit 3 1 Ethernet 1 12 F Fast Select Accept parameter 4 18 4 33 Fast Select parameter 4 19 Fast Select Request parameter 4 33 FDDI 1 12 flow control 1 14 2 3 enabling 4 14 4 32 Flow Control Negotiation parameter 2 3 4 14 Flow Facility parameter 2 3 4 32 Full Addressing parameter 4 22 G getting help from a Ba
81. mia uidi rece Mea aioe 1 9 Seting Upan 4 25 Call CONnMSCHON 22 5 uccide bee dub untd auro Cura 1 10 Routing IP Traffic across the X 25 Network ssesssesees 1 11 Sample Network Topology with TCP IP Tunneling and IPEX 1 12 Leste of Innolihg Wih IPEX Liu uc sinaniban diia eroe 1 13 How IPEX Establishes Connection 2nd entire rr ba re cR edt pasdtis 1 16 Role of the X 25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX 1 18 RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation AEE A A E beni ccce teas 2 6 RFG 1396 Nimal EncangulathOri ididiin ananasi 2 6 Ad Grou INAO scce5 ceni dos adebtdedec dea eaa aaa ani saa a dads 3 2 WAN ect WINON T o o 0 T 3 3 X25 Packer Conio VVIDODUE 5d rccte do tad pc pep e oed ra qete deed 3 4 X 25 Service Configuration Window for a PDN Network 3 10 ABS SENCE WINGOW e m 3 11 Selecting Protocols gt Add Delete sssssseseeese 3 17 oelect Protocols VVIRODUIS iusispisinbestie okai n E stet UMS beads 3 18 IP Connotation WNION eR c eps iedeav inane eati ees clad 3 19 Enter Adjacent Host Window a cciccscsceicandsacwancnardnaaieda Fe se TRAE oie 3 21 IP Interfaces Window scssi ee 3 22 Adding an IP Interface to an X 25 Circuit esses 3 23 Configuration Manager Window sse 4 2 Edit 4 25 Global Parameters WindOw 1er tecto retce exe a taies 4 3 Aes Packat Level Edit VIDODW o
82. n writing of any such intended examination of the Software and Bay Networks may provide review and assistance Notwithstanding any foregoing terms to the contrary if licensee licenses the Bay Networks product Site Manager licensee may duplicate and install the Site Manager product as specified in the Documentation This right is granted solely as necessary for use of Site Manager on hardware installed with licensee s network This license will automatically terminate upon improper handling of Software such as by disclosure or Bay Networks may terminate this license by written notice to licensee if licensee fails to comply with any of the material provisions of this license and fails to cure such failure within thirty 30 days after the receipt of written notice from Bay Networks Upon termination of this license licensee shall discontinue all use of the Software and return the Software and Documentation including all copies to Bay Networks Licensee s obligations under this license shall survive expiration or termination of this license 114059 Rev A Contents Configuring X 25 Services About This Guide Boore To BOO derari A nadaaadices Vic taslethalsatuiivasian sciences frase ease podes xiii opti C PM ay pause catacate eraadaaeevcccuace S xiv POW US WE caasa aot bc a dh dy saa uc eben Led eb ad d dde Uv Pau aee acabe ERA XV Ordering Bay Networks Publications M E xvi Technical Support
83. ns Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service Number of Outgoing SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that transmit outgoing calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to outgoing calls only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 40 Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 0 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that transmit outgoing call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for bidirectional SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 41 Use Default Service Configuration OFF ON OFF Creates default DDN service records for every DDN SVC on your network Select ON if you want to use default values for your DDN SVCs Refer to configuration instructions in Chapter 4 if you want to set this parameter to ON and still individually configure some of your DDN SVCs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 54 114059 Rev A 3 9 Configuring X 25 Services Adding X 25 Network Service Records After you click on OK in the X 25 Packet Config window the X 25 Service Configuration window appears Figure 3 4 Complete the following steps to add X 25 network service records X 25 PDN Slot 4 COM1 Cct 4 No 1 x 25 PDN Slot 4 COM1 Cct 4 No 2 Add Delete Apply Values Help Enable ENABLE Type P
84. ns MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Max Window Size 2 1 through 7 for MOD8 or 1 through 127 for MOD128 Specifies the maximum window size allowed in the facilities field of outgoing and incoming call request packets generated by the router and transmitted on this interface If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MODS accept the default 2 or enter a value between 1 and 7 If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MOD128 enter a value between 1 and 127 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 11 Max Packet Length 128 16 32 64 12812561 5121 1024 2048 4096 Specifies the maximum length in bytes of the information field of outgoing X 25 packets generated by the router and transmitted on this interface Accept the default 128 or set to one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 12 the X 25 network Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length Caution Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets Also note that on peer routers the values of the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters must be the same For example if you set the Max Window Size for Router A to 7 then set the Max Window Size for peer Router B to 7 114059 Rev A 4 15 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function
85. o use only the CCITT Conformance value Select ISO if you are connecting to a network that complies with the International Organization for Standardization Select DOD if you are connecting to a network that complies with Department of Defense specifications DDN networks 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 47 114059 Rev A 4 23 Configuring X 25 Se Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 rvices Statistics Computation Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the router computes statistics for the packet level and all the virtual circuits associated with this line instance If you set this parameter to Disable the router computes no statistics which maximizes data throughput If you set this parameter to Enable the router computes statistics Set this parameter to Enable or Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 49 Client Response Timer 120 seconds 1 through 999 Specifies the client application response timeout period in seconds to allow for extended delays that can occur negotiating with remote clients This timer must have a value greater than that for the T3 Timer parameter and less than the value for the T2 Timer parameter We recommend that you accept the default value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 57 Network Service Records To edit the parameters for an existing X 25 network service
86. ommunicates with Router B over the X 25 network by setting up virtual circuits that connect the two X 25 interfaces Data transmission begins when 1 Router A receives an IP datagram from IP endstation 1 1 1 2 that is destined for endstation 3 1 1 2 2 Router A checks its IP routing table to determine the next hop on the datagram s path in this example IP address 2 1 1 2 114059 Rev A 1 7 Configuring X 25 Services 3 When Router A determines that the next hop is located across the X 25 network it checks to see which destination X 121 address maps to the next hop s IP address via the IP adjacent host table in this example X 121 address 20000 4 To transmit the datagram across the network the router now establishes a virtual connection between itself and destination X 121 address 20000 Router A begins by selecting an unused virtual circuit The router assigns the circuit a 12 bit virtual circuit number Figure 1 5 which it chooses from a user specified range of virtual circuit numbers The virtual circuit number identifies the logical channel portion of the circuit that connects the router and its DCE Virtual circuit number 000000000001 4 Logical Channel 10000 X 25 PDN 20000 EI Le lt zl DCE DCE Router A Router B X250006A Figure 1 5
87. ons Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing IPEX Parameters Idle Session Timer 120 0 through 86 400 seconds Specifies the timeout period in seconds that an established TCP connection can be inactive before the router sends messages to the peer to verify that the peer is alive If you set this parameter to zero you disable the keepalive feature Accept the default or adjust the timer if your network requires a shorter or longer idle time 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 18 Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 3 seconds 0 through 600 Specifies the interval in seconds at which the router will retransmit unacknowledged keepalive messages If you set the Idle Session Timer to 0 this timer s value has no impact If you set the Idle Session Timer to a value other than 0 and this timer is 0 the router does not send keepalive messages and the TCP session terminates when the idle session timer expires The time you set should be larger than the round trip network delay or retransmits will occur unnecessarily Accept the default or adjust to be longer than the round trip network delay 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 15 2 1 19 114059 Rev A 5 17 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Keep Alive Retransmit Count 5 0 through 99 Specifies the number of unacknowledged keepalive
88. or which the Configuration Manager supplies default values 114059 Rev A 4 5 Configuring X 25 Services Caution Line speed packet size and window size all affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting any of these variables too low can cause the router to drop packets Therefore use caution when changing the default settings for the following X 25 parameters Max Window Size Max Packet Length Window Size Packet Size Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables packet level services for the interface Set to Disable to disable packet level services 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 2 4 6 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Network Address Type PDN_Network PDN_Network DDN_Network BFE_Network IPEX Specifies the type of X 25 network to which the interface connects The value of this parameter determines the format of the local X 121 address Do not set this parameter if you have a Point to Point connection Specify PDN_Network for a Public Data Network Specify DDN_Network for a Defense Data Network Specify BFE_Network for a DDN network that uses BFE encryption Specify IPEX for IP Encapsulation of X 25 If you specify PDN_Network you mus
89. pecifies whether or not this interface supports a closed user group CUG with outgoing access To enable CUG with outgoing access set this parameter to CUGOA If you enable this option set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended In addition set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to OA 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 24 CUG Bilateral Selection Null Null Bilateral Specifies whether or not this interface supports a bilateral closed user group CUG To enable CUG with bilateral facility support set this parameter to Bilateral If you enable this option set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended In addition set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to Bilateral 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 25 4 20 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters RPOA Selection OFF ON OFF Enables the recognized private operating agencies RPOA selection facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming calls with this facility the router accepts both RPOA Basic format and Extended format To enable the RPOA facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 26 Note When this parameter is set to ON the router accepts calls with the RPOA facility but it does not validate them Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Para
90. r configured on the router 114059 Rev A 4 37 Chapter 5 Editing IPEX Parameters This chapter describes how to configure e IPEX global parameters which seldom require attention Check these parameters to make sure that IPEX is installed e IPEX mapping parameters which you use to configure tunneling For each IPEX parameter this chapter gives the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the parameter values you enter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Accessing IPEX Global Parameters After you have configured a network interface circuit for X 25 you can edit the configuration record to enable IPEX service on it Access the IPEX global parameters from the Protocols menu in the Configuration Manager window Figure 5 1 114059 Rev A 5 1 Configuring X 25 Services oT Cmfigatim Waagr E E JSS Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE File Name tmp_mnt usr21 Model Backbone Link MIB Version x10 00
91. rameters for an existing interface begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 4 1 and 1 2 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits to display the Circuit List window Select the X 25 interface that you want to edit then click on Edit The Circuit Definition window appears Select X25 Protocol gt Packet The X 25 Packet Level Edit window appears Figure 4 3 Edit the packet level parameters that you want to change using the parameter descriptions that follow as a guide Click on OK to exit the window Note When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic configuration mode X 25 packet level and LAPB service restart on that interface 4 4 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters X25 Packet Level Edit Cancel OK Values Help Enable TENABLE Network Address Type PDN_NETWORK PDN X 121 Address 23456 DDN IP Address Sequence Size MODS Restart Procedure Type DCE_RESTART Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length Number of Incoming SVC Channels Incoming SVC LCN Start Figure 4 3 X 25 Packet Level Edit Window X 25 Packet level Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit the parameters in the X 25 Packet Level Edit window refer to Figure 4 3 Because you may want to edit the parameters you set previously to enable X 25 services this chapter repeats descriptions for those parameters and adds descriptions for the parameters f
92. ransit Delay 49 Instructions Specify a facility in hexadecimal form MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 29 Note If you need to set this parameter back to nil after you have configured it you must 1 Select User Facility from the appropriate network service record refer to Editing X 25 Network Service Records earlier in this chapter 2 Overwrite the erroneous value by typing all spaces where you previously entered a hexadecimal value 3 Click on Apply to implement your changes 4 Click on Done to exit the X 25 Service Configuration window 114059 Rev A 4 35 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CUG Facility Format None None Basic Extended Specifies the closed user group CUG facility format that the interface can accept The value of this parameter should match that of the X 25 packet level parameter CUG Selection If you are not configuring a CUG for this interface select None To configure the Basic format select Basic To configure the extended format select Extended 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 26 CUG Facility Type Normal Normal OA Bilateral Defines the type of CUG facility that the interface will accept This parameter works with the X 25 packet level parameters CUG Outgoing Access and CUG Bilateral Selection Select Norm
93. ress Type parameter 3 5 LN routers with Octal Sync configuring LAPB 1 4 load sharing 2 2 Local Addr parameter default setting 2 4 Local TCP Port parameter 5 12 logical channel numbers LCNs 1 11 M mapping 1 17 configuring 5 4 mapping parameters 5 4 5 10 deleting 5 19 mapping table 5 4 adding an entry 5 4 editing entries 5 18 Mapping Type parameter 5 11 5 13 mapping types end to end 1 17 local 1 17 Max Connections parameter 2 2 4 30 Max Idle Mins parameter 4 31 Max Message Size parameter global IPEX 5 3 Max Packet Length parameter 2 2 2 3 4 15 changing default setting 4 6 Max Throughput Class parameter 4 17 Max Window Size parameter 2 2 2 3 4 15 changing default setting 4 6 114059 Rev A Index 3 Configuring X 25 Services Maximum Transfer Unit MTU 1 19 M bit support 1 19 message boundary 1 19 message based protocol 1 18 Min Frame Spacing parameter default setting 2 4 MTU Maximum Transfer Unit 1 19 MTU parameter default setting 2 4 multiplexing RFC 1356 2 5 3 14 N Network Address Type parameter 3 6 4 7 network layer protocols 1 5 network service records adding 3 10 deleting 4 37 editing 4 24 to 4 37 network services 1 5 Blacker Front End 1 5 Defense Data Network DDN 1 5 IP Encapsulation of X 25 IPEX 1 6 Point to Point 1 6 Public Data Network PDN 1 5 Network Standard parameter 4 23 network topology for IPEX 1 12 Ne
94. rnal When you configure X 25 and LAPB on an existing network external clocking can cause unpredictable results on any internally clocked line Clocking sources must be the same for each device within the network Packet level Parameters Max Window Size and Max Packet Length When you configure X 25 packet level parameters make certain to set the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters for peer routers to the same value If you do not the routers cannot perform network service level negotiations For example if you set the Max Window Size for Router A to 7 set the Max Window Size for peer Router B to 7 Similarly if you set the Max Packet Length for Router A to 512 set the Max Packet Length for peer Router B to 512 2 2 114059 Rev A Implementation Notes Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets You may want to configure these parameters at higher values than the default settings Refer to Chapter 4 for information about how to access these parameters Flow Control Negotiation The Bay Networks implementation of X 25 enables the router to negotiate flow control which regulates the rate of data transfer among elements of a network to prevent congestion and overload For flow control negotiation to work properly you must set the parameters in Tables 2 1 and 2 2
95. rnet and Token Ring LAN media e X 25 over synchronous interfaces 6 MB s maximum How IPEX Works Tunneling support attaches an X 25 DTE or DCE to the IPEX router which converts X 25 data to TCP and uses TCP IP to carry the X 25 data to another remote IPEX router which converts it back to X 25 Figure 1 9 illustrates this conversion TCP X 25 Level 3 connnections X 25 Level 3 connections TCP TCP connections ELL oa Z 4 TCP IP local local X 25 IPEX IPEX X 25 DTEs or DCEs router router DTEs or DCEs X250010A Figure 1 9 Sample Network Topology with TCP IP Tunneling and IPEX 1 12 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview The sample configuration shows X 25 DTEs or DCEs connected to Bay Networks routers by standard X 25 lines interfaces and software and a network of routers interconnected by standard TCP IP lines and interfaces You can connect the DTEs or DCEs to the router using any synchronous or Multichannel T1 MCT1 port type Levels of Tunneling Figure 1 10 shows the levels of tunneling within the IPEX router C 8 tO 8 o Lo Q IL o O O o amp N oO oO N amp X 25 X 5 5 S X 25 E I i a a a n Eu N N ARTE PU e IPEX IPEX Router Router X250011A Figure 1 10 Levels of Tunneling with I
96. rvice 1 Select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling X 25 2 Select the X 25 Protocol 3 Configure packet level parameters 4 Add X 25 service records 5 Enable bridging and routing protocols 6 Configure routing protocols over X 25 circuits The following sections describe how to perform each of these steps 114059 Rev A 3 1 Configuring X 25 Services Selecting a Connector 1 In the main Configuration Manager window click on the circuit connector you want to configure For example if you selected the module 5300 Quad Sync click on the connector COMI to configure the first synchronous circuit The Configuration Manager displays the Add Circuit window Figure 3 1 with the selected circuit highlighted Add Circuit Configuration Mode SNMP Agent Circuit Name 551 Color Key Available Select lines from available connectors Selected Slot Connectors COM2 D COM1 I XCVR2 M XCVR1 COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 COM2 COM1 XCVR2 IP insi I CONSOLE Cancel Figure 3 1 Add Circuit Window 2 Click on OK to accept the values shown The WAN Protocols window appears Figure 3 2 3 2 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service WAN Protocols Standard PassThru Frame Relay X25 ATM DXI SMDS SDLC Iv 5 n m Figure 3 2 WAN Protocols Window 3 Select X 25 from the WAN Protocols menu to display the X 25 Packet Config window Figure 3 3 114059 Rev A
97. s IP address and TCP port number and another socket for the remote TCP interface to establish a connection For SVCs using IPEX when the local X 25 DCE or DTE requests an X 25 end to end switched connection the local router contacts the remote IPEX router to establish a unique TCP connection for that X 25 connection Because a large number of TCP connections may be active concurrently to support many tunneling sessions IPEX service uses a large range of TCP port numbers to create separate sockets for the individual tunneling sessions However IPEX service does not use any port numbers that are reserved for the standard TCP IP protocols UNIX system services or other TCP client services provided in the software The port numbers reserved for IPEX service range from 12 304 through 16 399 IPEX uses the TCP client interface to e Open close and check the status of TCP connections e Send data to the TCP module for transmission Process received data delivered from the TCP module e Control the flow of data across the client interface e Ensure data integrity across the IP network 114059 Rev A X 25 Overview IPEX Facility Support IPEX handles only the following X 25 PLP facilities e Default Packet Size and Default Window Size The IPEX router examines the packet and window size in the X 25 call from the client terminal When the router has validated and accepted these parameters it sets up the optimal flow control queues at t
98. s protocol in use around the world today X 25 Interface X 25 defines the interaction across PSNs between data terminal equipment DTE and data circuit terminating equipment DCE DTEs include devices such as terminals hosts and routers DCEs include devices such as modems packet switches and other ports Figure 1 1 shows an X 25 network A DTE in this case Router A connects to a DCE in the PSN The PSN connects to another DCE and finally to another DTE Router B 114059 Rev A 14 Configuring X 25 Services CINE LJ m C Virtual Circuit Router A DTE Router B DTE X250001A Figure 1 1 X 25 Network To begin communication one DTE device for example a router calls another DTE to request a data exchange session The called DTE can accept or refuse the connection If the called DTE accepts the connection the two systems begin full duplex data transfer Either side can terminate the connection at any time Because public data networks PDNs the most commonly used type of PSN typically use error prone analog lines the X 25 Protocol provides extensive error checking recovery and packet sequencing A DTE can be a device that does not itself implement X 25 In
99. ss 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 51 Sequence Size MOD8 MODS MOD 128 Specifies the modulo of sequence numbering Set to the appropriate sequence size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 10 Restart Procedure Type DTE_Restart for DTE or DCE_Restart for DCE DTE_Restart DTE_Norestart DTE_DXE DCE_Restart For each X 25 interface this parameter specifies the device type DTE or DCE at the X 25 packet level It also enables you to turn on restart procedures which clear all virtual circuits and let you initialize a link You can also use the restart procedures to recover from a network failure Select the value that matches your device type and determine whether you want to enable restart procedures Select DTE_Restart if your interface is a DTE Select DCE_Restart if your interface is a DCE Select DTE_Norestart if you have a DTE interface but do not want to enable restart procedures DTE_DXE is for a DTE DTE environment and it leaves the DTE unassigned while still providing restart procedures 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 45 4 8 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 1 through 7 for MOD8 or 1 through 127 for MOD128 Specifies a default window size for this packet layer The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Nego
100. supplies the X 121 address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to PDN_Network Enter the appropriate X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 52 3 6 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling X 25 Service DDN IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address assigned to this interface The router translates the address into X 121 format and uses it as the local address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to DDN_Network or BFE_Network Enter the appropriate IP address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 51 Note The following parameters require you to specify logical channel number LCN value ranges for SVCs Each SVC channel you configure on the router must have a unique LCN There are three types of SVC channels incoming bidirectional and outgoing You must configure at least one SVC channel for X 25 to establish calls The total number of channels you configure cannot exceed 512 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Number of Incoming SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that accept incoming calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to incoming calls only on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 36 114059 Rev A 3 7 Configuring X 25 Ser
101. t enter the local address in X 121 address format that is you must specify a value for the PDN X 121 Address parameter If you specify DDN_Network or BFE_Network you must enter the local address in IP address format that is you must specify a value for the DDN IP Address parameter The router will translate the address into X 121 format If you specify IPEX you must configure several parameters specific to IPEX after you configure X 25 Refer to Chapter 5 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 50 PDN X 121 Address None Any valid X 121 address Specifies the X 121 address assigned to this interface The X 25 network service provider supplies the X 121 address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to PDN_Network Enter the appropriate X 121 address up to 15 decimal digits 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 52 114059 Rev A 4 7 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DDN IP Address None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address assigned to this interface The router translates the address into X 121 format and uses it as the local address Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to DDN_Network or BFE_Network Enter the appropriate IP addre
102. t packet When you enable Reverse Charge Request these packet network charges accrue to the receiving DTE To enable the reverse charge request facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 24 Reverse Charge Accept OFF ON OFF Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility When you enable this parameter the router accepts network packet charges from incoming call request packets To enable the reverse charge accept facility set this parameter to ON 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 25 DDN BFE Disable Disable Enable Enables or disables DDN Blacker front end encryption BFE support To enable DDN BFE support set this parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 31 4 34 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter User Facility hex Default None Options Any facility that needs to be included in the call request packet Function Allows you to add support for a facility Bay Networks does not transmit To generate a call with such a facility you must enter the appropriate facility code in this parameter You must also set the associated parameter at the packet level to ON Table 4 2 names the facilities which are also the names of the packet level parameters and gives the corresponding facility codes Table 4 2 User Facilities and Codes Facility Packet Level Parameter Code Throughput Class Negotiation 02 Network User Identification C6 RPOA Selection 44 T
103. ta that appears on the screen Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters Separates menu and option names in instructions and internal pin to pin wire connections Example Protocols AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu Example Pin 7 19 20 Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the command The vertical line separates choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show at routes nets you enter either show at routes or show at nets but not both Xiv 114059 Rev A Acronyms BFE BOFL CPU CUG CUGOA DCE DDN DOD DTE HDLC IP IPEX ISO ITU T LAN LAP LAPB LCN MCTI MIB MTU NUI OSI OSPF PAD PDN PDU PLP PPP PSN RIP RPOA About This Guide Blacker front end encryption Breath of Life message central processing unit closed user group closed user group with outgoing access data circuit terminating equipment Defense Data Network Department of Defense data terminal equipment high level data link control Internet Protocol IP Encapsulation of X 25 International Organization for Standardization International Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector formerly CCITT local area network Link Access Procedure Link Access Procedure Balanced logical channel number Multichannel T1 Management Information Base maximum transmission unit Network User Identifica
104. ter Descriptions TUE cba tabes SeBidos te Men E 5 10 Parmimelue for SVG CODIGOS sci iosiecsc coena els roes aes eS ee Suet ee lbt m Russi x RD iU bad 5 10 Parameters Tor TOP Comme enn uldasduidusszit iud prandia da denina ELK Edda a UR fada 5 12 Agditiagsl Mappa PRIOBINBEOEE 2 5 2 1 D rbU rre ca siad b Fu ea bene bid eno d edi bed dn 5 15 Editing IPEA Mapping Table BIIFIBE 1 sui oi e e epe ER t aa 5 18 Edungd LAPE a orc Fold 2 2 uiro dado urne a uM bra LA Mer LL E SUME 5 18 Deleting IFEX Mapping Table Enies iiic ei icon Eod cose utram qp aannaaien 5 19 Delsing IPEX TOM the BOUEBE soe ierra ot M YR Ee eren ee GU eC ERR bob E Ped 5 19 Appendix A Sample IPEX Configuration PEX Mappina ae del cg ae ouest QR Da et t Er REOR TEE QU PP be iiti A 1 114059 Rev A vii Index Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 1 4 Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 Figure 1 7 Figure 1 8 Figure 1 9 Figure 1 10 Figure 1 11 Figure 1 12 Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 Figure 3 9 Figure 3 10 Figure 3 11 Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 114059 Rev A Figures Z8 MODE acuerda pU M ue tico se URN 1 2 COSA 2 ONS evijaciye Mer 1 3 LAPB PRG met 1 4 Sample 4 25 Gon gu allild arena i 1 7 Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers sss 1 8 X25 Call Megdost Packet For
105. ter the appropriate IP broadcast address in dotted decimal notation MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 8 4 When you are finished configuring the parameters in the IP Configuration window click on OK to display the Enter Adjacent Host window Figure 3 9 3 20 114059 Rev A Enabling X 25 Service ENTER ADJACENT HOST Cancel OK Values Help IP Address 192 32 4 136 N UnNumbered Assoc Addr Figure 3 9 Enter Adjacent Host Window 5 Enter the IP address of the adjacent host You do not need to enter a value for the Unnumbered Assoc Addr parameter Parameter IP Address Default None Options The IP address of the remote X 25 interface which the X 25 call will terminate This address must be on the same IP network as the local X25 interface Function Assigns a 32 bit IP address to the interface Instructions Enter the IP address of the interface in dotted decimal notation MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 4 6 Click on OK to return to the X 25 Service Configuration window refer to Figure 3 6 7 Select Protocols gt Edit IP gt Interfaces to display the IP Interfaces window Figure 3 10 114059 Rev A 3 21 Configuring X 25 Services E IP Interfaces 192 32 4 133 X 25 PDN Slot 2 COM1 Cct 13 Done Add Delete Apply Values Change Help Enable ENABLE Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Broadcast Address 0 0 0 0 Interface Cost 1 MTU Discovery Addr M
106. that you assign to outgoing calls only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 40 Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 1 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that transmit outgoing call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for bidirectional SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 41 114059 Rev A Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use Default Service Configuration OFF ON OFF Creates default DDN service records for every DDN SVC on your network Select ON if you want to use default values for your DDN SVCs Refer to configuration instructions in Chapter 4 if you want to set this parameter to ON and still individually configure some of your DDN SVCs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 54 T1 Timer 60 seconds 1 through 999 Specifies how long the router waits to receive an acknowledgment of a transmitted command frame Specifically the T1 timer sets in seconds the timeout values for Restart Reset and Clear commands The router uses this timer to set up data links We recommend that you accept the default value 60 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 32 Caution We recommend that you accept the default T1 Timer T2 Timer T3
107. the Default DDN parameter to ON the default values apply to all SVCs but if you then edit an individual SVC values that you assign to that SVC apply RFC 1356 Multiplexing Bay Networks supports RFC 1356 multiplexing RFC 1356 defines a standard for multiprotocol encapsulation over X 25 networks Bay Networks implements RFC 1356 for IP OSI IPX DECnet and XNS This means you can use Bay Networks routers at one end of a connection and equipment from another vendor that also supports RFC 1356 for these protocols at the other end of the connection Multiplexing enables you to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit Bay Networks advises multiplexing when you configure multiple routing protocols on a PDN type of service You enable multiplexing by setting the Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter If you set this parameter to Enable the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit If you set the value to Disable the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for IPX DECnet and XNS opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol The default setting is Disable See Figures 2 1 and 2 2 for illustrations of Null and Normal Encapsulation 114059 Rev A 2 5 Configuring X 25 Services 1010001 LCN 1 1010002 s IP IPX DECnet NEC 3 gt
108. this case the DTE connects to a DCE through a packet assembler disassembler PAD which is a device that translates data into packet form X 25 and the OSI Model The Open Systems Interconnection OSI Basic Reference Model combines a nonproprietary structured computer system architecture with a set of common communication protocols It comprises seven layers Each layer provides specific functions or services and follows the corresponding OSI communications protocols to perform those services The X 25 Protocol focuses on three of the seven layers in the OSI model the physical layer the data link layer and the network or packet layer As you read the following sections refer to Figure 1 2 which illustrates the correspondence between X 25 and the OSI model Figure 1 2 conforms to the typical rendering of the OSI model which depicts the physical layer at the bottom of the protocol stack and refers to succeeding layers as representing higher level protocols 1 2 114059 Rev A OSI Model X 25 Protocol X 25 Overview Network Layer X 25 Packet Layer Data Link Layer LAPB Physical Layer X 21 X 21bis RS232C RS449 422 and V 35 Figure 1 2 OSI X 25 Correspondence Physical Layer X250003A The physical layer transmits bits across the physical connection or modem interface Bay Networks supports all of the standard media for X 25 transmission X
109. this parameter the router can initiate outgoing call requests on this interface Instructions To disable outgoing calls set this parameter to OFF MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 18 Parameter Fast Select Accept Default OFF Options ON OFF Function Enables the fast select accept facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept incoming call requests with fast select facility on this interface Instructions To enable the fast select accept facility set this parameter to ON MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 19 Parameter Reverse Charge Accept Default OFF Options ON OFF Function Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility on this interface When you enable this parameter the router can accept calls with the reverse charge facility Instructions To enable the reverse charge accept facility set this parameter to ON MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 20 Note When this parameter is set to ON the router accepts calls with the reverse charge facility but it does not maintain a record of the charges 4 18 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing X 25 Parameters Fast Select OFF ON OFF Enables the fast select
110. tiation parameter is set to OFF in both the packet level and service record parameters To specify a window size other than 2 enter a value within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 42 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 128 16 32 64 128125615121 1024 2048 4096 Specifies a default packet size for this packet layer The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Negotiation parameter is set to OFF To specify a nonstandard default packet size set to one of the available options 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 43 Note The following parameters require you to specify logical channel number LCN value ranges for SVCs Each SVC channel you configure on the router must have a unique LCN There are three types of SVC channels incoming bidirectional and outgoing You must configure at least one SVC channel for X 25 to establish calls The total number of channels you configure cannot exceed 512 114059 Rev A 4 9 Configuring X 25 Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Number of Incoming SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that accept incoming calls only Enter the number of channels that you assign to incoming calls only on this interface 1 3 6
111. ting software available for use by any third party Neither title nor ownership to Software passes to licensee Licensee shall not provide or otherwise make available any Software in whole or in part in any form to any third party Third parties do not include consultants subcontractors or agents of licensee who have licensee s permission to use the Software at licensee s facility and who have agreed in writing to use the Software only in accordance with the restrictions of this license Third party owners from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights to software that is incorporated into Bay Networks products shall have the right to enforce the provisions of this license against licensee Licensee shall not remove or obscure any copyright patent trademark trade secret or similar intellectual property or restricted rights notice within or affixed to any Software and shall reproduce and affix such notice on any backup copy of Software or copies of software resulting from modification or combination performed by licensee as permitted by this license 114059 Rev A iii Bay Networks Software License continued 10 11 12 Licensee shall not reverse assemble reverse compile or in any way reverse engineer the Software Note For licensees in the European Community the Software Directive dated 14 May 1991 as may be amended from time to time shall apply for interoperability purposes Licensee must notify Bay Networks i
112. tion Instructions MIB Object ID Flow Facility Default Negot Default Enables or disables the X 25 flow control facility on each virtual circuit If you enable this parameter calls the router transmits to the remote X 121 address in this service record will contain flow control You must also enable the flow control facility at the packet layer To enable flow control facility negotiations set this parameter to Negot 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 19 Window Size 2 1 through 7 for MOD8 or 1 through 127 for MOD128 Specifies the window size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the X 121 address in this service record Accept the default 2 or enter a window size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 20 Note Window size and packet size can affect packet throughput across the X 25 network Setting the Window Size or Packet Size parameter too low could cause the router to drop packets 4 32 114059 Rev A Editing X 25 Parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Packet Size 128 16 32 64 128 256 512 10241 2048 4096 Specifies the packet size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call request packets to the remote X 121 address in this service record Accept the default 128 or enter a packet size within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 21 Note Do not set this par
113. tion Open Systems Interconnection Open Shortest Path First packet assembler disassembler Public Data Network protocol data unit Packet Level Procedure Point to Point Protocol packet switching network Routing Information Protocol recognized private operating agencies 114059 Rev A XV Configuring X 25 Services SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol SNPA Subnetwork Point of Attachment SVC switched virtual circuit TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol VC virtual circuit Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from the Bay Networks Press at the following telephone or fax numbers Telephone U S Canada 1 888 4BAYPRESS Telephone International 1 510 490 4752 Fax 1 510 498 2609 You can also use these numbers to request a free catalog of Bay Networks Press product publications xvi 114059 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services To ensure comprehensive network support to our customers and partners worldwide Bay Networks Customer Service has Technical Response Centers in key locations around the globe e Billerica Massachusetts e Santa Clara California e Sydney Australia e Tokyo Japan e Valbonne France The Technical Response Centers are connected via a redundant Frame Relay Network to a Common Problem Resolution system enabling them to transmit and share information and
114. tructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Compression Disable Enable Disable Enables data compression Set this parameter to Enable if you want the X 25 service to use compression for this connection Otherwise accept the default Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 33 Broadcast OFF ON OFF Indicates whether you want the X 25 service to send IP broadcast messages to the remote IP address Set this parameter to ON if you want the X 25 service to send broadcast messages to the IP address Otherwise accept the default OFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 14 Max Connections 2 through 4 Specifies the maximum number of virtual circuits that the router can establish with the remote device specified in this record Increasing the number of connections to the same destination may improve the rate of data throughput To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them set this parameter to a value greater than 1 This parameter has meaning only for PDN services Accept the default 2 or enter a value within the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 2 1 15 4 30 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Edit
115. twork User Identification parameter 4 17 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels parameter 3 8 4 10 Number of Incoming SVC Channels parameter 3 7 4 10 Number of Outgoing SVC Channels parameter 3 9 4 11 O Open Systems Interconnection OSD Basic Reference Model 1 2 Outgoing Calls Accept parameter 4 18 Outgoing SVC LCN Start parameter 3 9 4 11 P packet assembler disassembler PAD defined 1 2 Packet Layer Protocol PLP 1 13 Packet Size parameter 2 3 4 33 changing default setting 4 6 packet level parameters editing 4 4 to 4 24 parameters editing 4 1 to 4 37 global Enable 4 3 IP Configure OSPF 3 24 Configure RIP 3 23 IP Address 3 19 3 21 Subnet Mask 3 20 Transmit Bcast Addr 3 20 IPEX Client Queue Size 5 16 Destination Circuit Name 5 16 Destination Connection Type 5 13 Destination X 121 Address 5 14 Enable global 5 3 Enable mapping 5 15 Idle Session Timer 5 17 Keep Alive Retransmit Count 5 18 Keep Alive Retransmit Timer 5 17 Local TCP Port 5 12 Mapping Type 5 11 5 13 Max Message Size global 5 3 Remote IP Address 5 11 Remote TCP Port Number 5 12 Source Connection Type 5 7 Source X 121 Address 5 14 X 25 Call User Data 5 14 network service record Broadcast 4 30 Call Retry 4 31 Connection ID 3 13 4 28 CUG Facility Format 4 36 CUG Facility Type 4 36 CUG Number 4 37 DDN BFE 4 34 Index 4 114059 Rev A Enable 4 27 Enable 1356 Multiplexing 4
116. ure A 5 IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type 114059 Rev A A 3 Appendix B X 25 Default Parameter Settings Tables B 1 through B 5 list X 25 and IPEX parameters and their default values Table B 1 X 25 Global Parameter Parameter Default Enable Enable Table B 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Link Address Type DCE Network Address Type PDN_Network PDN X 121 Address None DDN IP Address None Sequence Size MOD8 Restart Procedure Type DTE_Restart for DTE DCE_Restart for DCE continued 114059 Rev A B 1 Configuring X 25 Services Table B 2 X 25 Packet level Parameters continued Parameter Default Default Tx Rx Window Size 2 Default Tx Rx Pkt Length 128 Number of Incoming SVC 0 Channels Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 Number of Bidirectional SVC 0 Channels Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 Number of Outgoing SVC 0 Channels Outgoing SVC LCN Start 0 Use Default Service Configuration OFF T1 Timer 60s T2 Timer 180s T3 Timer 200 ms T4 Timer 200 ms Flow Control Negotiation Off Max Window Size 2 Max Packet Length 128 Tx Rx Throughput Class THRCLASS19200 Throughput Class Negotiation Off Max Throughput Class 19200 continued 114059 Rev A X 25 Default Parameter Settings Tab
117. vices Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Incoming SVC LCN Start 0 0 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical channels that accept incoming call requests only Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for PVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 37 Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels 0 0 through 512 Specifies the number of logical channels that both accept incoming calls and transmit outgoing calls Enter the number of logical channels that you assign to both accept and transmit calls on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 38 Bidirectional SVC LCN Start 0 0 through 4095 Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to bidirectional logical channels Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for incoming SVC channels but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 4 5 1 39 3 8 114059 Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Optio
118. y Networks Technical Response Center xxi from the Support Source CD xx through CompuServe xx through Customer Service FTP xix through InfoFACTS service xxi through World Wide Web xix global parameter editing 4 2 globally deleting IPEX 5 19 Index 2 114059 Rev A H High level Data Link Control HDLC 1 4 Idle Session Timer parameter 5 17 implementation notes 2 1 to 2 4 Incoming Calls Accept parameter 4 17 Incoming SVC LCN Start parameter 3 8 4 10 InfoFACTS service xxi interface TCP 1 14 Internet Protocol IP 1 13 IP address 1 14 IP Address parameter 3 19 3 21 IP parameters Configure OSPF 3 24 Configure RIP 3 23 IP Address 3 19 3 21 Subnet Mask 3 20 Transmit Beast Addr 3 20 IPEX connection summary 1 17 global parameters 5 3 levels of tunneling 1 13 mapping 1 17 mapping parameters 5 4 5 10 mapping table 5 4 network interfaces 1 13 overview 1 12 to 1 19 roles of X 25 and TCP protocol stacks 1 18 sample configuration session A 1 to sample network topology 1 12 specifying as X 25 service type 3 12 IPEX global parameters Enable 5 3 Max Message Size 5 3 IPEX Mapping Parameters window 5 9 IPEX parameters editing 5 1 to 5 19 Index K Keep Alive Retransmit Count parameter 5 18 Keep Alive Retransmit Timer parameter 5 17 L LAN media 1 12 LAPB parameters editing 5 18 Link Access Procedure Balanced LAPB 1 4 for AN or ASN routers 2 4 Link Add

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