Avaya Configuring VRRP Services User's Manual
Contents
1. Configuring VRRP Services BayRS Version 13 20 Site Manager Software Version 7 20 BCC Version 4 20 Part No 304138 B Rev 00 March 1999 NORTEL NETWORKS Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 Copyright 1999 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA March 1999 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks Bay Networks is a registered trademark and BayRS BCC and the Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc Microsoft MS MS DOS Win32 Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the R2. Site Manager management console do not add or modify a backup virtual router before you create a master virtual router Otherwise you can lose connectivity to the router when dynamically configuring virtual routers To prevent this use local or remote mode when configuring a virtual router 304138 B Rev 00 3 1 Configuring VRRP Services Disabling and Reenabling a Virtual Router When you first configure a virtual router the virtual router is enabled by default You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable or reenable a virtual router Using the BCC To disable a virtual router access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter state disabled To enable a virtual router access the virtual router and enter state enabled For example to disable a virtual router enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 state disabled vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable a virtual router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens or see the parameter description on page A 5 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight
3. When configuring a virtual router you must supply the following Primary IP address The primary IP address associates a virtual router with the IP address of the physical interface You cannot change the primary IP address after you configure a virtual router If this primary IP address matches the virtual router IP address the virtual router will have the highest priority 255 and become the master virtual router Caution You should not configure an Ethernet interface as the master virtual router on an ANH router The Ethernet interface does not go down if you remove the Ethernet cable As a result it remains in the master state Virtual router ID The virtual router ID VRID identifies the virtual router VRRP uses the virtual router ID to calculate the virtual router s virtual MAC address If the virtual router is in the primary virtual router state it responds to all Address Resolution Protocol ARP requests using the IP address of the virtual router with its virtual MAC address not its physical MAC address You cannot change the virtual router ID after you configure a virtual router Virtual router IP address The virtual router IP address identifies the IP address that the virtual router will use You can configure as many as 50 virtual routers You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure a virtual router Using the BCC To configure a virtual router using the BCC Beginning at the top level box prompt
4. PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ji 304138 B Rev 00 Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Bay Networks Inc Bay Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to co
5. a network from the irrecoverable failure of one or more IP interfaces VRRP manages a virtual router which is a software defined object that corresponds to an IP address on a LAN segment A virtual router typically exists on multiple routers running VRRP known as VRRP routers One of the VRRP routers acts as the master virtual router for an IP address while other VRRP routers act as backup virtual routers You identify each virtual router using a virtual router identifier VRID and a virtual router IP address All VRRP routers on a LAN segment must have the same VRID and IP address You can however use a VRID on more than one LAN as long as you pair it with a different virtual router IP address Each virtual router is restricted to a single LAN 304138 B Rev 00 1 1 Configuring VRRP Services Master Virtual Router The master virtual router is responsible for forwarding the traffic destined for the MAC address associated with the virtual router IP address A VRRP router with the highest priority assumes the responsibilities of the master virtual router When the master virtual router fails one of the backup virtual routers becomes the master virtual router Backup Virtual Routers If the master virtual router becomes unavailable or if it is not functioning normally VRRP dynamically switches over to one of the backup virtual routers in the order of the priority you set If more than one backup virtual router has the same priorit
6. enter ip The IP global prompt appears Note that you can configure a virtual router on an IP interface that does not exist 2 2 304138 B Rev 00 Starting VRRP Services At the IP global prompt enter the following vrrp primary ip address lt primary_ip_address gt vr id lt vr_id gt vr ip address lt vr_ip_address gt primary_ip_address is the IP address of the physical interface with which the virtual router is associated vr_idis the virtual router identifier configured in the range of 1 to 255 vr_ip_address is the IP address that the virtual router uses The primary IP address and the virtual router IP address must form a unique pair and must also be on the same subnet Note You can also configure a virtual router using the shortened command format vrrp lt primary_ip_address gt lt vr_id gt vr ip address lt vr_ip_address gt For example to configure a virtual router with a primary IP address of 192 41 31 21 a virtual router ID of 2 and a virtual router IP address of 192 41 31 22 enter the following box ip ip vrrp primary ip address 192 41 31 21 vr id 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 304138 B Rev 00 2 3 Configuring VRRP Services Using Site Manager Caution If you are configuring virtual routers on the IP interface used as the Site Manager management console do not add or modify a backup virtual router before you create a master virtual router Otherwise
7. for the virtual router ID MAC address that is configured on an IP interface over token ring Specify a unique functional token ring address You must specify a token ring functional address for virtual routers on an IP interface over token ring otherwise VRRP will not function 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 53 25 1 1 13 A 8 304138 B Rev 00 Appendix B Monitoring VRRP Using the BCC show Commands This appendix describes how to use the BCC show command to obtain VRRP statistical data from the management information base MIB The type and amount of data displayed depend on the specific settings you want to view This appendix includes descriptions of the following show commands Command Page show vrrp critical ip addresses B 2 show vrrp mac addresses B 2 show vrrp summary B 3 Online Help for show Commands To display a list of command options enter show vrrp at any BCC prompt To learn more about any show vrrp command option and its syntax use the question mark command as follows Example bec gt show vrrp ceritical ip addresses mac addresses summary bcc gt show vrrp critical ip addresses show vrrp critical ip addresses vrid lt arg gt primary ip address lt arg gt bec gt 304138 B Rev 00 B 1 Configuring VRRP Services show vrrp critical ip addresses The show vrrp critical ip addresses command displays the local IP interface critical IP address associated with a specif
8. the date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Bay Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of 304138 B Rev 00 iii its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Softwa
9. the master uses priority 0 to indicate that it is releasing responsibility for the virtual router For example to change the priority to 254 enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 priority 254 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 3 4 304138 B Rev 00 Using Site Manager Customizing VRRP To set a virtual router s priority complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted virtual router appears 5 Set the Priority parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 304138 B Rev 00 3 5 Configuring VRRP Services Setting the Advertisement Interval The advertisement interval is the number of seconds between transmissions of VRRP advertisements from the master virtual router notifying all backup routers that it is currently the master virtual router and is forwarding all traffic You must set the same advertisement interval for all VRRP routers having the same VRID on the same LAN The default advertis
10. transmission of VRRP advertisements from the primary virtual router Enter a value from 1 to 255 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 53 25 1 1 9 A 6 304138 B Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Critical IP Interface Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP 0 0 0 0 none Any valid IP address in dotted decimal notation Identifies an IP address that determines whether the virtual router assumes the role of the master virtual router and is responsible for forwarding traffic If the critical IP address is operating then the virtual router forwards traffic If the critical IP address is down then a backup virtual router assumes the responsibilities of the master virtual router and forwards traffic The critical IP address must be on the same router as the primary IP address Specify an IP address on the same router where the primary IP address resides 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 53 25 1 1 10 IPX Backup Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables IPX backup when IPX is configured on the same physical interface as VRRP When enabled this feature provides IPX backup when the virtual router is in the master state In this case IPX configured on the physical interface uses the VRRP MAC address instead of the p
11. you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site Manager Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router see the installation guide that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 304138 B Rev 00 ix Configuring VRRP Services Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions bold text brackets italic text separator gt vertical line Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip interfaces alerts you can enter either show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces alerts Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscore Example If the command synta
12. Ds and selected technical publications through the Bay Networks Collateral Catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically e The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets 304138 B Rev 00 xi Configuring VRRP Services Make a note of the part numbers and prices of the items that you want to order Use the Marketing Collateral Catalog description link to place an order and to print the order form How to Get Help For product assistance support contracts information about educational services and the telephone numbers of our global support offices go to the following URL http www baynetworks com corporate contacts In the United States and Canada you can dial 800 2LANWAN for assistance xii 304138 B Rev 00 Chapter 1 VRRP Concepts This chapter describes VRRP concepts you need to know before you begin configuring a VRRP router Topic Page About VRRP 1 1 Master Virtual Router 1 2 Backup Virtual Routers 1 2 Critical IP Interfaces 1 2 VRRP Messaging 1 2 Planning Your Network es 7 About VRRP The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VRRP which runs over IP enables you to configure router redundancy to protect
13. EES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 304138 B Rev 00 Contents Preface BEISIE TR e E E E T E A T AE A ee ix BIS rare X PER ee ee xi Bay Networks Technical Publications essen ae ee el xi Fow to Get HEI ee ee xii Chapter 1 VRRP Concepts ADDU VRRP sarrin a N E en 1 1 bastor WIR ROUN aarin iatmenit aasbian Uaarnianaa meme 1 2 Bacup SIE ROOS een 1 2 ee a e E seine een 1 2 RRF KSS I E 1 2 Panino VUE NEO een 1 3 Sample taln je 2 11 1 1 misiriosa aae eae dea a Eae 1 3 Chapter 2 Starting VRRP Services Gtaring Conigtiraion TOBIE soiien a a a aad 2 1 Gomourng a Vinul ROTET aaa 2 2 Using ihe BOG genen ere siete een ER 2 2 Using Site WAIN ss 2 4 Chapter 3 Customizing VRRP Disabling and Reenabling a Virtual Router aan an ea 3 2 Changing the IP Address Backed Up by a Virtual Router 22 22240ursssennnnnnennnnnnnnnn 3 3 Setting the Priority of the Virtual Router E oe ee nz 3 4 Setting the Adverisement WMS una na 3 6 304138 B Rev 00 V Setting the Critical IP Interface Address urs240004200nnannn
14. abling or Disabling IPX Backup When the Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX protocol is configured on the same physical interface as VRRP you can enable IPX backup When enabled this feature provides IPX backup when the virtual router is in the master state In this case IPX configured on the physical interface uses the VRRP MAC address instead of the physical MAC address If the virtual router is in the backup state IPX is disabled You can enable or disable IPX backup By default IPX backup is disabled You can enable IPX Backup for one virtual router per interface Using the BCC To enable IPX backup access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter ipx backup enabled To disable IPX backup access the virtual router and enter ipx backup disabled For example to enable IPX backup enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 ipx backup enabled vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 304138 B Rev 00 3 9 Configuring VRRP Services Using Site Manager Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted router appear
15. commands online Help for B 1 show vrrp critical ip addresses command B 2 show vrrp mac addresses command B 2 show vrrp summary command B 3 support Bay Networks xii T technical publications xi technical support xii text conventions X Token Ring Address parameter A 8 token ring address setting 3 13 token ring functional address 3 13 V virtual router configuring 2 1 disabling 3 2 enabling 3 2 virtual router ID VRID assigning 2 2 Virtual Router ID parameter A 3 Virtual Router IP Address parameter A 3 A 5 virtual router IP address assigning 2 2 VRRP advertisements 3 6 Index 2 304138 B Rev 00
16. d Balancing 1 4 304138 B Rev 00 VRRP Concepts The configuration in Figure 1 3 shows that IP address 1 1 1 1 connects to external networks If that connection fails and the virtual router 1 on router B continues to forward traffic you still lose connectivity to external networks However if you designate IP address 1 1 1 1 as the critical IP address for virtual router 1 on router B and IP address 1 1 1 1 fails then virtual router 1 on router A becomes the master virtual router and begins forwarding traffic 200 200 200 2 Router C 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 0 4 Router A 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 X Router B Wirtualrouter1 00 Virtualrouteri Op VRIP 132 128 128 30 VRIP 132 128 128 30 IVRID 1 VRID 1 IPriority 100 Priority 255 t 132 128 128 10 255 255 2555 0 VRIP 255 255 255 0 CRIP 255 255 255 0 Continuous ping 200 200 200 2 DG 132 128 128 128 30 Key DG Default gateway CRIP Critical IP interface address VRIP Virtual router IP address VRID Virtual router ID VR0003A Figure 1 3 Using VRRP with a Critical IP Interface 304138 B Rev 00 1 5 Configuring VRRP Services Figure 1 4 shows an invalid VRRP configuration that is the virtual router with primary IP address 1 1 1 1 is not configured on a VRRP router that has a physical interface with IP address 1 1 1 1 You must always configure a virtual router whose IP address physically exists on the LAN For example you must configure
17. e or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Bay Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Bay Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Bay Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Bay Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or r
18. elated technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway PO Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGR
19. ement interval is 1 second however you can change the interval to a value from 1 through 255 Using the BCC To change a virtual router s advertisement interval access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter advertisement interval lt integer gt integer is the interval in seconds from 1 to 255 For example to change the advertisement interval to 60 enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 advertisement interval 60 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 3 6 304138 B Rev 00 Using Site Manager Customizing VRRP To set the advertisement interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted router appears 5 Set the Advertisement Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 304138 B Rev 00 3 7 Configuring VRRP Services Setting the Critical IP Interface Address The critical IP interface resides on the same rou
20. function e Instructions for setting the parameter e Management information base MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB see Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of your parameter values Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration 304138 B Rev 00 A 1 Configuring VRRP Services Add Virtual Router Parameters The VRRP parameters in the Add Virtual Router window Figure A 1 let you establish a virtual router on an IP interface Primary IP Ackresa Virtual Fouter ID Virtunl Bouter IP Aeldress ERAR Figure A 1 Add Virtual Router Window To access the Add Virtual Router window complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on Add The Add Virtual Router window opens The parameter descriptions follow A 2 304138 B Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Option
21. hysical MAC address If the virtual router is in the backup state IPX is disabled Select Enable to enable IPX backup on the virtual router Select Disable to disable IPX backup on the virtual router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 53 25 1 1 11 304138 B Rev 00 A 7 Configuring VRRP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID IGMP Backup Configuration Manager gt Select Protocols gt IP gt VRRP Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables IGMP backup when IGMP is configured on the same physical interface as VRRP When enabled this feature provides IGMP backup when the virtual router is in the master state In this case IGMP configured on the physical interface is enabled If the virtual router is in the backup state IGMP is disabled Select Enable to enable IGMP backup on the virtual router Select Disable to disable IGMP backup on the virtual router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 53 25 1 1 12 Token Ring Address Configuration Manager gt Select Protocols gt IP gt VRRP None Use one of the following unused token ring functional addresses 03 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 04 00 00 00 03 00 08 00 00 00 03 00 10 00 00 00 03 00 20 00 00 00 03 00 40 00 00 00 03 00 80 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 00 00 03 00 00 02 00 00 03 00 00 04 00 00 03 00 00 08 00 00 Identifies the token ring functional address
22. ic VRRP virtual router or all VRRP virtual routers This command allows for the following command filters flags and filter arguments primary ip address lt primary_ip_address gt vrid lt vrid gt Displays information about the virtual router associated with the IP address of the physical interface Displays information about the virtual router associated with the specified virtual router identifier The output includes the following information Primary IP Address VRID Virtual IP Address Critical IP Address IP address of the physical interface with which the virtual router is associated Virtual router identifier configured in the range of 1 to 255 IP address that the virtual router backs up IP address that determines whether the virtual router assumes the role of the master virtual router and is responsible for forwarding traffic If the critical IP address is operating then the virtual router forwards traffic If the critical IP address is down then a backup virtual router assumes the responsibilities of the master virtual router and forwards traffic show vrrp mac addresses The show vrrp mac addresses command displays the virtual media access control MAC address and token ring address associated with a specific VRRP virtual router or all VRRP virtual routers This command allows for the following command filters flags and filter arguments primary ip address lt primary_ip_ address gt vrid lt
23. ights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE
24. ing data packets received at the MAC address associated with its virtual router and also answers ARP requests for its IP address A router may be the master virtual router or the backup virtual router for many virtual routers The real IP interface address used as the source IP address for the IP packets carrying advertisements The value that determines whether a virtual router serves as the master or backup virtual router The VRRP router with the highest priority becomes the master virtual router The value 255 is reserved for the router that owns the IP address associated with the virtual router The value 0 is reserved for the master virtual router to indicate that it is releasing responsibility for the virtual router The values through 254 are available for VRRP routers backing up the virtual router The default priority is 100 A unicast MAC address associated with each virtual router and used as the source MAC address for VRRP advertisements The master virtual router uses this address instead of its physical MAC address in all communication 304138 B Rev 00 Glossary 1 Configuring VRRP Services virtual router A software defined object managed by VRRP that corresponds to an IP address on aLAN segment A virtual router typically exists on multiple VRRP routers One VRRP router acts as the master virtual router for this IP address and the others act as backup virtual routers VRID The virtual router identifier configured in
25. ion Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP None Any valid IP address in dotted decimal notation Identifies the IP address of the interface that the virtual router backs up Enter the IP address that you want the virtual router to back up Ensure that the primary IP address and the virtual router IP address are on the same subnet If the virtual router IP address is the same as the primary IP address Site Manager automatically sets the priority to 255 so that this VRRP router will always be the master virtual router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 6 304138 B Rev 00 A 5 Configuring VRRP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Priority Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP 100 1 to 255 Specifies the priority of the virtual router with respect to all virtual routers on the IP interface Enter a priority from 1 to 254 The higher the value you specify the higher the priority of the virtual router Site Manager automatically supplies a priority of 100 for all backup virtual routers If you set the primary IP address to the IP address of the physical interface Site Manager sets the priority to 255 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 8 Advertisement Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP 1 s 1 to 255 Specifies the interval in seconds between the
26. it in the list of virtual routers highlighted virtual router appears 5 Setthe Enable parameter Click on Help 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 304138 B Rev 00 Customizing VRRP Changing the IP Address Backed Up by a Virtual Router When you first configure a virtual router you must supply an IP address that the virtual router backs up This IP address must be on the same subnet as the primary IP address You can change the IP address to be backed up by a virtual router Using the BCC To change the IP address to be backed up by a virtual router access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter vr ip address lt vr_ip_address gt For example to change the IP address enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 25 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 Using Site Manager To change the IP address to be backed up by a virtual router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pe
27. nnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnen 3 8 Enabling or Disabling IPX Backup chains a ioa T T ian O ne Enabling or Disabling IOMP BackUp ae ce eeacdnrntip neea eects 3 11 Setting the Token Ping Address u ana 3 13 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters Add Virtual Router Parameters asien ein nann A 2 VRRP Configuration Parameters ee rere ae aN iang PET ee u A 4 Appendix B Monitoring VRRP Using the BCC show Commands Online Help for show Commands susanne Gadi a ra a atii B 1 show yp SINE SEES ee een B 2 SHOW FTD MASSE rennen a B 2 show vrrp summary nenn re seine oitis areni E re ee B 3 Glossary Index vi 304138 B Rev 00 Figures Figure 1 1 Using VRRP with One Master and One Backup Virtual Router 1 3 Figure 1 2 Using VRRP and Perfoming Load Balancing eenen 1 4 Figure 1 3 Using VRRP witha Critical IPInterate anna 1 5 Figure 1 4 Sample Invalid Virtual Router Configuration 240s4s200nn nn 1 6 Figure A 1 Add Virtual Router Window Biere senate Shenae ee ng u A 2 Figure A 2 IP VRRP Configuration Parameters Window cseeeeeeeeetteeeeeeeees A 4 304138 B Rev 00 vii Preface This guide describes the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VRRP and what you do to start and customize VRRP services on a Bay Networks router You can use the Bay Command Console BCC or Site Manager to configure VRRP services on a router In this guide
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31. router for virtual router 1 Router A Router B running VRRP running VRRP LS aan Se a aan el 2 2 2 a Virtual router 1 Backup virtual router for 1 1 1 1 Virtual router 1 Master virtual router for 1 1 1 1 2 iE ee EEE ee lt b IP address IP address 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 DG 1 1 1 1 DG 1 1 1 1 DG 1 1 1 1 DG 1 1 1 1 Host Host Host Host 1 2 3 4 Key DG Default gateway VROOOLA Figure 1 1 Using VRRP with One Master and One Backup Virtual Router 304138 B Rev 00 1 3 Configuring VRRP Services The configuration in Figure 1 2 shows that half of the hosts install a default route to VRRP router A s IP address 1 1 1 1 and the other half install a default route to VRRP router B s IP address 1 1 1 2 Using two different default routes balances the load foroutgoing traffic and also provides full redundancy Router A Router B running VRRP running VRRP Pa Se Se ee eel a ea va ed 1 N Virtual router 1 Master virtual _ router for 1 1 1 1 Virtual router 1 5 Backup virtual 1 router for 1 1 1 1 ae Virtual router 2 Virtual Router 2 Backup virtual Master virtual router for 2 2 2 2 router for 2 2 2 2 hee ae a ee er sey cae May er ue ae ghey ee de a M 2 ri IP address IP address 14 41 1 4 1 2 DG 1 1 1 1 DG 1 1 1 1 DG 1 1 1 2 DG 1 1 1 2 Host Host Host Host 1 2 3 4 Key DG Default gateway VRO002A Figure 1 2 Using VRRP and Perfoming Loa
32. rtains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted virtual router appears 5 Setthe Virtual Router IP Address 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 304138 B Rev 00 3 3 Configuring VRRP Services Setting the Priority of the Virtual Router You can set the priority of the virtual router in relation to all virtual routers that have the same virtual router ID and are on the same subnet The higher you set the value the higher the priority of the virtual router and the more likely it will become primary ifthe master fails When you initially configure a virtual router if the primary IP address is the same as the virtual router IP address the priority is automatically set to the highest priority 255 and the virtual router becomes the master virtual router as soon as it comes up The default priority for all backup virtual routers is 100 You can set the priority for backup virtual routers from 1 to 254 If you assign more than one backup virtual router the same priority the VRRP router with the greater primary IP address takes precedence Using the BCC To change a virtual router s priority access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter priority lt integer gt integer is the priority from 1 to 255 The priority values 0 and 255 are reserved for the master virtual router
33. rval Priority IP address of the physical interface with which the virtual router is associated Virtual router identifier configured in the range of 1 to 255 IP address that the virtual router backs up Current state of the virtual router initialize master or backup The interval in seconds between the transmission of VRRP advertisements from the primary virtual router The priority from 1 to 255 of the virtual router with respect to all virtual routers on the IP interface 304138 B Rev 00 advertisement backup virtual router critical IP interface master virtual router primary IP address priority virtual MAC address Glossary An IP packet periodically broadcast by the master virtual router to prevent a backup virtual router from becoming the master virtual router One of a set of VRRP routers available to become the master virtual router A router may be either the master virtual router or the backup virtual router for many virtual routers A local IP interface associated with a virtual router When the state of this interface changes the virtual router switches roles For example if you designate IP address 1 1 1 1 as the critical IP address for virtual router 1 on router B and IP address 1 1 1 1 fails then virtual router 1 on router B is no longer the master virtual router and a backup virtual router becomes the master virtual router The VRRP router that both assumes responsibility for forward
34. s The VRRP configuration parameters let you customize a virtual router You access these parameters from the IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window Figure A 2 Adveriti imari Inter al IF Interfaca Figure A 2 IP VRRP Configuration Parameters Window To access the IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens A 4 304138 B Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to highlight it in the list of virtual routers The configuration that pertains to the highlighted virtual router appears The parameter descriptions follow Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables a virtual router on an interface Select Enable to enable a virtual router on an interface Select Disable to disable a virtual router on an interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 2 Virtual Router IP Address Configurat
35. s 5 Set the IPX Backup parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 7 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 10 304138 B Rev 00 Customizing VRRP Enabling or Disabling IGMP Backup When the Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP is configured on the same physical interface as VRRP you can enable IGMP backup When enabled this feature provides IGMP backup when the virtual router is in the master state In this case IGMP configured on the physical interface is enabled If the virtual router is in the backup state IGMP is disabled By default IGMP backup is disabled You can enable IGMP Backup for one virtual router per interface Using the BCC To enable IGMP backup access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter igmp backup enabled To disable IGMP backup access the virtual router and enter igmp backup disabled For example to enable IGMP backup enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 igmp backup enabled vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 304138 B Rev 00 Configuring VRRP Services Using Site Manager Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parame
36. s Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Primary IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP gt Add None Any valid IP address in dotted decimal notation Identifies the IP address of the physical interface The router lists this IP address as the source in VRRP advertisements sent by the virtual router Ensure that the primary IP address and the virtual router IP address are on the same subnet 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 4 Virtual Router ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP gt Add None 1 to 255 Identifies the virtual router s ID VRID The router uses this number to calculate the MAC address The VRID must be unique on the LAN segment Enter the ID of the virtual router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 5 Virtual Router IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt VRRP gt Add None Any valid IP address in dotted decimal notation Identifies the IP address that the virtual router backs up Ensure that the primary IP address and the virtual router IP address are on the same subnet If the virtual router IP address is the same as the primary IP address then this VRRP router when operating will always be the master virtual router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 25 1 1 6 304138 B Rev 00 A 3 Configuring VRRP Services VRRP Configuration Parameter
37. set the token ring address enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 token ring address 03 00 80 00 00 00 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 304138 B Rev 00 3 13 Configuring VRRP Services Using Site Manager To set the token ring address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted router appears 5 Set the Token Ring Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 14 304138 B Rev 00 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters This appendix contains the Site Manager parameter descriptions for VRRP services You can display the same information using Site Manager online Help For information about the IP parameters you must set so that you can configure VRRP see Configuring IP ARP RIP and OSPF Services For each parameter this appendix provides the following information e Parameter name e Configuration Manager menu path e Default setting e Valid parameter options e Parameter
38. ter as a physical interface The state of the critical IP interface determines the state of the virtual router If the critical interface fails the virtual router fails and the VRRP router with the next highest priority becomes the master virtual router and begins routing traffic to its destination Using the BCC To specify a critical IP interface address access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter critical ip interface lt critical_ip_address gt For example to set the critical IP interface address enter the following command vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 critical ip interface 192 41 31 76 vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 Using Site Manager To specify the critical IP interface address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose VRRP The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted router appears 5 Setthe Critical IP Interface parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 7 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 8 304138 B Rev 00 Customizing VRRP En
39. ters window opens 4 Click on a virtual router instance ID to The configuration that pertains to the highlight it in the list of virtual routers highlighted router appears 5 Set the IGMP Backup parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 12 304138 B Rev 00 Customizing VRRP Setting the Token Ring Address If you are running VRRP on a token ring network VRRP uses the token ring functional address you provide instead of a virtual router MAC address The token ring address setting identifies the token ring functional address for the virtual router MAC address that is configured on an IP interface over token ring Caution For all virtual routers running over token ring you must supply token ring functional addresses for virtual router MAC addresses or VRRP will fail Using the BCC To set the token ring address access the virtual router for example box ip vrrp 192 41 31 21 2 vr ip address 192 41 31 22 and enter token ring address lt address gt address is one of the following unused token ring functional addresses e 03 00 02 00 00 00 e 03 00 04 00 00 00 e 03 00 08 00 00 00 e 03 00 10 00 00 00 e 03 00 20 00 00 00 e 03 00 40 00 00 00 e 03 00 80 00 00 00 e 03 00 00 01 00 00 e 03 00 00 02 00 00 e 03 00 00 04 00 00 e 03 00 00 08 00 00 For example to
40. the range of 1 through 255 The VRID must be unique within the subnet VRRP router A router running the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol A VRRP router may participate in one or more virtual routers Glossary 2 304138 B Rev 00 A acronyms Xi adding a virtual router 3 3 Advertisement Interval parameter A 6 advertisement interval setting 3 6 backup virtual router defined 1 2 BCC show commands B 1 starting VRRP services 2 2 C configuring a virtual router 2 1 conventions text X Critical IP Interface parameter A 7 critical IP interface specifying 3 8 D disabling a virtual router 3 2 IGMP backup 3 11 IPX backup 3 9 E educational services xii Enable parameter A 5 enabling a virtual router 3 2 IGMP backup 3 11 IPX backup 3 9 304138 B Rev 00 Index IGMP Backup parameter A 8 IGMP backup enabling or disabling 3 11 IP address to be backed up assigning 3 3 IP multicast datagrams 1 2 IPX Backup parameter A 7 IPX backup enabling or disabling 3 9 MAC address 1 2 2 2 master virtual router defined 1 2 messaging 1 2 P primary IP address 2 2 Primary IP Address parameter A 3 priority of virtual routers defined 1 2 Priority parameter A 6 priority setting 3 4 product support xii protocol messaging defined 1 2 publications Bay Networks xi R redundancy services planning 1 3 router redundancy characteristics 1 3 Index 1 S show
41. virtual router 1 on router A because the IP address of virtual router 1 is the same as the physical address of router A Router A Router B Router C I m m mia nn wei a a nn an ol M Virtual router 1 Virtual Router 1 VRIP 1 1 1 1 VRIP 1 1 1 1 i VRID 1 VRID 1 j Priority 100 Priority 50 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 4 DG 1 1 1 1 Host Key DG Default gateway VRIP Virtual router IP address VRID Virtual router ID VRO004A Figure 1 4 Sample Invalid Virtual Router Configuration 1 6 304138 B Rev 00 Chapter 2 Starting VRRP Services You must configure IP services on a router before you can configure VRRP See Configuring IP ARP RIP and OSPF Services for information about how to configure IP You can create a basic virtual router configuration by supplying only the required configuration information and accepting the default values for all other parameters Starting Configuration Tools Before configuring VRRP refer to the following user guides for instructions on how to start and use the Bay Networks configuration tool of your choice Configuration Tool User Guide Bay Command Console BCC Using the Bay Command Console BCC Site Manager Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager These guides also describe generically how to create and modify a device configuration 304138 B Rev 00 2 1 Configuring VRRP Services Configuring a Virtual Router
42. vrid gt Displays information about the virtual router associated with the IP address of the physical interface Displays information about the virtual router that corresponds to the specified virtual router identifier 304138 B Rev 00 Monitoring VRRP Using the BCC show Commands The output includes the following information Primary IP Address VRID Virtual IP Address VRRP Virtual MAC Address Token Ring Func Address show vrrp summary IP address of the physical interface with which the virtual router is associated Virtual router identifier configured in the range of 1 to 255 IP address that the virtual router backs up Virtual router MAC address that is configured on an IP interface over token ring Token ring functional address for the VRRP virtual MAC address The show vrrp summary command displays the state advertisement interval and priority for a specific VRRP virtual router or all VRRP virtual routers This command allows for the following command filters flags and filter arguments primary ip address lt primary_ip address gt vrid lt vrid gt Displays information about the virtual router associated with the IP address of the physical interface Displays information about the virtual router that corresponds to the specified virtual router identifier The output includes the following information Primary IP Address VRID Virtual IP Address VRRP Operational State Advertisement Inte
43. x is show at lt valid_route gt valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value for it Shows menu paths Example Protocols gt IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu Separates choices for command keywords and arguments Enter only one of the choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both 304138 B Rev 00 Preface Acronyms This guide uses the following acronyms ARP Address Resolution Protocol IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IP Internet Protocol IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange LAN local area network MAC media access control MIB management information base VRID virtual router ID VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Bay Networks Technical Publications You can now print Bay Networks technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the Bay Networks product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com You can purchase Bay Networks documentation sets C
44. y the VRRP router with the greater primary IP address becomes the new master virtual router Critical IP Interfaces You can establish a critical IP address which is a physical IP interface on a local router that is not running VRRP If that critical IP interface fails then VRRP switches to another VRRP router Refer to Figure 1 3 on page 1 5 for a sample VRRP configuration using a critical IP interface VRRP Messaging VRRP generates VRRP advertisement messages as IP multicast datagrams enabling VRRP to operate over a variety of multiaccess LAN technologies that support IP multicasting Only the master virtual router transmits VRRP advertisements 1 2 304138 B Rev 00 VRRP Concepts Planning Your Network You can use VRRP to target stub networks with hosts having default gateway addresses to provide redundancy for IP addresses To avoid a single point of failure you should configure the default gateway IP address as the virtual router IP address on multiple IP interfaces on different physical routers Refer to the following sample configurations when determining how to configure VRRP in your network Sample Configurations The configuration in Figure 1 1 shows a simple VRRP scenario in which both router A and router B are running VRRP The end hosts install a default route to the IP address of router A which serves as the master virtual router for virtual router 1 If router A fails then router B becomes the master virtual
45. you can lose connectivity to the router when dynamically configuring virtual routers To prevent this use local or remote mode when configuring a virtual router To configure a virtual router using Site Manager complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose VRRP The IP menu opens The IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window opens 4 Click on Add The Add Virtual Router window opens 5 Set the following parameters Primary IP Address Virtual Router ID Virtual Router IP Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions starting on page A 3 6 Click on OK You return to the IP VRRP Configuration Parameters window 304138 B Rev 00 Chapter 3 Customizing VRRP To customize VRRP use the information in the following sections Topic Page Disabling and Reenabling a Virtual Router 3 2 Changing the IP Address Backed Up by a Virtual Router 3 3 Setting the Priority of the Virtual Router 3 4 Setting the Advertisement Interval 3 6 Setting the Critical IP Interface Address 3 8 Enabling or Disabling IPX Backup 3 9 Enabling or Disabling IGMP Backup 311 Setting the Token Ring Address 3 13 Caution If you are configuring virtual routers on the IP interface used as the
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