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Avaya Configuring SNMP, BOOTP, DHCP, and RARP Services User's Manual

1. Table B 1 SNMP Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Use Lock Enable Lock Time Out 2 minutes Authentication Failure Traps Enable Table B 2 SNMP Community Parameters Parameter Default Community Name None Access Read Only 117362 C Rev 00 B 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Table B 3 SNMP Manager Parameters Parameter Default Trap Port 162 Trap Types Generic Table B 4 SNMP Trap Interface Parameters Parameter Default Entity Code None Event Code None Always Never Trap None Table B 5 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Enable Polling Interval 60 seconds Table B 6 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters Parameter Default Threshold Enable Enable Threshold Low Value 0 Threshold Low Event Level Info Threshold Medium Value 0 Threshold Medium Event Level Info continued B 2 117362 C Rev 00 Default Parameter Settings BootP and DHCP Parameters Table B 6 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters continued Parameter Default Threshold High Value 0 Threshold High Event Level Info Threshold Units Persecond Threshold Action Greaterthan Threshold Max Successive Alarms 5 Threshold HoldDown Intervals 1 Threshold Label ASN 1 OID Tables B 7 to B 10 list the Site Manager default parameter settings for Boo
2. 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window 6 2 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server Configuring the NetID Server Manager IP Address You must configure the IP address of the NetID Server Manager to allow it to communicate with the target DHCP server To configure the IP address of the NetID Server Manager complete the complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Server Manager IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Specifying the DHCP Server TCP Port Number You must specify a remote TCP port number on the DHCP server to allow the DHCP server to communicate with the NetID Server Manager using TCP This number must match the port number that you specify on the NetID Server Manager You specify the TCP port number on the NetID Server Manager when you install the NetID Server Man
3. DHCP DHCP client client Sr Fa Fe gt gt a lt lt 4 DHCP server Er 3 The ICMP echo transmits request times out DHCPOFFER indicating that packet to client request can be sent to client Router DHCP server DC0003A Identifying DHCP Servers To identify DHCP servers the DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet on its local physical subnet Table 2 4 describes the fields in the DHCP packet The packet release process uses these fields as follows 1 A DHCP server receives the packet and finds an available IP address to assign to the client 2 The DHCP server sends an ICMP echo request to the prospective IP address to determine whether the address is available If the DHCP server receives a response the address is unavailable because it is being used by another host on the network The DHCP server selects another IP address to offer and sends another ICMP echo request 3 If there is no response to the ICMP echo request the DHCP server sends a DHCPOFFER packet that includes an available IP address to the target DHCP client 117362 C Rev 00 2 25 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services 4 Ifa client does not receive a DHCPOFFER packet within a specified amount of time after broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet it sends the packet again The client may rebroadcast the packet a number of
4. Determining When to Record Threshold Events SISISISISISISISISNSISISISISISISISINSINIS continued 3 2 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks continued Specifying Maximum Successive Alarms v Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables Specifying a Threshold Object Name v S Customizing SNMP Global Parameters You can enable SNMP services most easily by accepting all the default parameter values However you may want to change these values depending on your network requirements Disabling and Reenabling SNMP When you enable IP on an interface SNMP access is automatically enabled through that interface and default values are in effect for all SNMP parameters see Appendix B for parameter defaults Using the BCC To disable SNMP navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter disable For example the following command disables SNMP snmp disable To reenable SNMP navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter enable For example the following commands reenable SNMP and display its default values snmp enable snmp info on box state enabled lock enabled lock address 0 0 0 0lock timeout 2 authentication traps enabled type of service reliability scope delimiter 0x40 gt This function is not available snmp 117362 C Rev 00 3 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using Site Manager Complete the tasks in
5. In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Interfaces The Trap Configuration window opens 6 Select the slot for which you want to configure traps by clicking on the bar in the Slot box 7 Select an entity for which you want to The entity names appear in the Available configure traps If you want to configure Entities column a comprehensive list of traps for all entities running on a slot all protocols available regardless of the choose All Entities from the top of the platform or software you are using column 8 Click on Update The entity name moves to the Current Entities column indicating that you want to receive traps for this entity at the severity level you specified To move an entity from the column select the entity name and then click on Remove 9 Repeat steps 6 through 8 for other slots you want to configure 10 Click on Save You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 20 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Specifying the Severity Level for Traps Trap messages are always associated with one of five severity levels information warning fault trace or debug The severity level defines the type of trap that the SNMP agent sends to the network management station
6. Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services BayRS Version 13 10 Site Manager Software Version 7 10 BCC Version 4 10 Part No 117362 C Rev 00 November 1998 Bay Networks Where Information Flows Bay Networks Where Information Flows 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright 1998 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA November 1998 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks ACE AFN AN BCN BLN BN BNX CN FRE LN Optivity PPX Quick2Config and Bay Networks are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node ANH ARN ASN BayRS BaySecure BayStack BayStream BCC BCNX BLNX EZ Install EZ Internetwork EZ LAN FN IP AutoLearn PathMan RouterMan SN SPEX Switch Node System 5000 and the Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Bay Networks
7. The Bay Networks Site Manager software is an example of a network management station and the Bay Networks Backbone Node BN router is an example of a network element The SNMP agent is a software entity that responds to information and action request messages SNMP Set and Get requests sent by a network management station your Site Manager workstation The messages exchanged between manager and router SNMP agents enable you to access and manage objects in an active or inactive stored management information base MIB on a router The agents also send unsolicited reports called traps back to the network management station when certain network activity occurs An example of a trap is an overload condition as defined by the packet load s crossing some threshold You use the management station to configure monitor and receive trap messages from other network devices configured as SNMP agents The management station can get and set objects in the agents and can receive traps from the agents The management station therefore has the capability to manage a number of agents SNMP Messages SNMP managers and network elements communicate with each other by sending SNMP messages Figure 2 1 The management station issues three types of SNMP messages to retrieve single or multiple object variables e GetRequest messages e GetNextRequest messages e SetRequest messages The agent acknowledges all three types of messages by pas
8. BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Client I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install over a frame relay group access PVC connection to the router Enter the IP address of the remote AN 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 1 1 1 3 DLCI Number Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Client I F gt Add None 16 to 1007 Specifies the frame relay PVC identification number whose destination is the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install The frame relay network uses the DLCI number to direct data flow Enter the DLCI number in decimal format for the group access PVC to the remote AN Use the DLCI number assigned by your frame relay service provider 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 1 1 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 A 21 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP preferred server configuration parameters Relay Agent IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that receives BOOTREQUEST packets from cli
9. Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command braces Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions where there is more than one option You must choose only one of the options Do not type the braces when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you must enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both brackets Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip interfaces alerts you can enter either show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces alerts italic text Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscore Example If the command syntax is show at lt valid_route gt valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value for it ji 117362 C Rev 00 Acronyms screen text separator gt vertical line Preface Indicates system output for example prompts and system messages Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters Shows menu paths Example Protocols gt IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu Separates choices for command keywords and arguments Enter only one of the choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If t
10. Table Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether BootP is active on the network interface Select Enable to enable BootP on the network interface Select Disable to disable BootP on the network interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 2 Hops Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table 4 hops 1 to 16 hops Specifies the maximum number of hops from the client to the server A hop is the logical distance between two devices If the value in the hops field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is greater than the number you specify for this parameter the router drops the packet Accept the default of 4 hops or specify a number from 1 to 16 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 5 A 16 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Timeout Secs Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table 0 seconds 0 to 65535 seconds Specifies the minimum number of seconds that the router waits before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet If the value in the seconds field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is less than the value you specify for this parameter the router drops the packet Accept the de
11. Table B 12 RARP Interface Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Enable Table B 13 RARP Address Parameters Parameter Default MAC Address None IP Address 0 0 0 0 117362 C Rev 00 B 5 A acronyms iii adding a manager 3 13 B BootP client interfaces table creating 4 11 configuring preferred servers 4 13 customizing 1 7 customizing relay agent parameters 4 2 to 4 5 deleting IP interface input and output address pair 4 9 disabling 4 2 enabling 4 2 enabling on router interfaces 4 5 filtering packets 4 17 overview 2 10 packet 2 10 to 2 13 relay agent 2 10 2 22 4 7 relay agent forwarding table 4 7 route forwarding 4 10 setting up routing paths between BootP server and router 4 5 specifying IP interface input output address pair 4 8 maximum number of hops 4 2 minimum seconds 4 2 relay mode 4 4 BootP parameters defaults B 3 to B 4 C communities access privileges 2 4 names 2 4 117362 C Rev 00 Index configuring SNMP thresholds 3 26 threshold polling interval 3 27 thresholds A 8 to A 15 trap exceptions 3 23 traps 3 19 to 3 26 conventions text ii customizing BootP relay agent parameters 4 2 to 4 5 DHCP parameters 1 9 1 10 5 3 global SNMP parameters 3 3 IP parameters 1 6 RARP parameters 1 12 7 2 to 7 5 D defaults for BootP and DHCP parameters B 3 to B 4 for RARP parameters B 5 for SNMP param
12. you e Select the polling interval which specifies how often the agent checks the statistic to see if its value has reached the threshold e Set three threshold values high medium and low e Specify the threshold action as Lessthan or Greaterthan For information about setting thresholds see Configuring Thresholds on page 3 26 When the statistic reaches the threshold the agent generates an event You specify the severity level at which you want the manager to log the event Table 2 1 shows the available severity levels and their suggested meanings Depending on how you configure the SNMP trap parameters see Configuring Traps on the Router on page 3 19 the agent may also send the threshold exception as an SNMP trap The Site Manager threshold feature is functionally similar to the RMON Alarm and Event facility except for some minor differences The Site Manager threshold feature provides three tiered thresholds and defines a user definable hysteresis mechanism The RMON Alarm and Event facility provides a two tiered proprietary threshold system For information on RMON RMON 2 and RMON alarms and events see Configuring RMON and RMON 2 for BayRS Routers 117362 C Rev 00 2 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Threshold Example Suppose you want SNMP to warn you if the number of high priority Priority Level 1 packets queued for transmission is approaching the maximum number supported by an in
13. 10 Specifies the debug level messaging you want to display in the log file for the DHCP server Normally only debug messages with a debug level of 0 are written to the log file Enter the debug messaging level you want Specifying a higher debug level causes additional messages to appear in the log file Because additional information can rapidly fill the log file and cause loss of other information change the debug level only to resolve critical problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 9 Local IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global 0 0 0 0 Valid IP address Specifies the IP address that the DHCP server uses to identify itself to the NetID Server Manager serving this DHCP server Enter the IP address of the DHCP server This address must correspond to the address of an actual local interface configured on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 10 117362 C Rev 00 A 27 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services RARP Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure RARP interface parameters in the RARP Interface Table window Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Interface Table Enable Enable Disable Reenable or disable the RARP interface you selected from the list of interfaces Select Enable to reenable a disabled interf
14. 10 Repeat steps 5 through 9 to add other thresholds 11 Click on Done when you have finished adding thresholds You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling and Disabling Thresholds for a Variable You can decide whether to turn the threshold for a specific variable on or off by specifying the Threshold Enable parameter To tell the agent to apply the threshold to a variable specify Enable To tell the agent to ignore the threshold for a variable specify Disable To enable or disable thresholds for a variable complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 3 29 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level You can specify an integer value that determines the level low medium or high at which you want the agent to generate a threshold exception event for a variable To specify a value for t
15. BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window to DHCP To specify interfaces to receive and relay DHCP packets and set DHCP as the mode for packet forwarding complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router continued 5 2 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair you want 7 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 8 Click on Apply 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Defining DHCP Servers If DHCP clients obtain IP addresses and other configuration information from a DHCP server on a different subnet connected through a router then you must define a DHCP preferred server by specifying the IP address of the BootP relay agent on the local router and the IP address of the target server The router can then unicas
16. Choose BOOTP 6 Click on OK 7 Choose File 8 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Packets You can specify a forwarding route for BOOTREQUEST packets by defining a relationship between an interface you want to receive BOOTREQUEST packets and another to transmit BOOTREQUEST packets When you define this type of relationship the interface pair appears in the BootP relay agent forwarding table Depending on the configuration of your network you can specify One input IP interface to forward packets to multiple output IP interfaces Multiple input interfaces to forward to multiple output interfaces Multiple input interfaces to forward to one output interface 117362 C Rev 00 4 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Creating a BootP Relay Agent Forwarding Table You must create a BootP relay agent forwarding table for every transient router passing BootP traffic between a router and the BootP server The BootP relay agent forwarding table consists of IP interfaces that you configure to receive the incoming BootP request packets and to forward the outgoing BootP request packets The BootP relay agent forwards BootP request packets based on the IP addresses of the interfaces in this table You can add multiple pairs of incoming and outgoing interfaces to support connections to multiple routers in your network For more information
17. Click on Update The entity name moves to the Current Entities column indicating that you want to receive traps for this entity at the severity level you specified To move an entity from the column select the entity name and then click on Remove 9 Repeat steps 6 through 8 for other slots you want to configure 10 Click on Save You return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling a Trap Entity You can prevent the SMNP agent from sending a specific trap entity to a network management station regardless of slot by disabling the trap entity Using the BCC Trap entities are enabled by default To prevent the SMNP agent from sending a specific trap entity to a network management station regardless of slot enter the following command at the trap entity specific prompt disable 3 22 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP For example the following command prevents the SNMP manager from sending traps for entity 2 on slot 2 trap entity 2 2 disable trap entity 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable a trap entity complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Inthe Current Entities column s
18. DHCP an client j a A 7 Fa a a Ey DHCP client 7777 d a ae l lt B lt Router DHCP server DC0004A Figure 2 6 DHCP Server Implementation Acquiring an IP Address from a Router Configured as a BootP Relay Agent The client acquires its IP address from a router configured as a BootP relay agent by e Identifying DHCP servers e Requesting and receiving IP information e Accepting or declining IP information The following sections describe each of these stages in detail 117362 C Rev 00 2 19 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Identifying DHCP Servers Figure 2 7 shows the first stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address from a router configured as a BootP relay agent DHCP 1 Client broadcasts 2 BootP relay agent server DHCP DHCP a DHCPDISCOVER transmits the client client packet DHCPDISCOVER packet to servers on other networks 5 CS E gt gt a E a lt lt 4 BootP relay EC I 3 Servers transmit agent transmits DHCPOFFER DHCPOFFER packets to BootP packets to client relay agent Router BootP relay agent SNMO005A Figure 2 7 Identifying DHCP Servers BootP Relay Agent To identify DHCP servers the DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER pac
19. Inc All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 i of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions o
20. Relay Agent IP Address 0 ceccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeceeteeeeaeeeees 4 14 Specifying the Target Server IP Address Aa P a 4 14 Specifying the Target Servers Host Name cccccccsseccssecsseseseeeseeeeeeeseeeseeees 4 15 Disabling the Forwarding ROUS sci iusrcsoaiwasisassnatsreasasioaresdsuutsed iibmsssnsndeens 4 16 Filtering BootP and DHCP Packets ceee T T oa ere 417 Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface eee eeeesccceeeeeseeceeeeeseeeeeeeees 4 18 Deleting pee TOU aiiin o Chieu Gee ERR 4 18 viii 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 5 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Setting Up the Routing Path Between the DHCP Server and a BootP Relay Agent 5 2 Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets cs sceeeeeseee D 2 Defining DHCP Servers eer ee tere ete ee ree mene a Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP iitarines E daauabievonadeany iantsaadaadentienion 5 4 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay Globally secccstasireniecncuan materia adeiieu ates onuniimerenats 5 5 Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration c cccccccceeesceeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeesaeesseeeessaeenees 6 2 Reenabling and Disabling the DHCP Server on the Fidia T EET E T aaa 6 2 Configuring the NetID Server Manager IP Address asanusssrersrerissrrnenerernerrnernnens 6 3 Specifying the DHCP Server TCP Port Number c cccceceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees
21. SAN 2 10 DHCP Overview EUNET re re PET secede etre E AT 2 14 Wy Use DHCP T orionas ai aarre e E a 2 14 Dynamis IF Address AloGatiOri wiscctacnesasscannadiuienroasitidannisindanneudannsiaciasknnianenuuieubin 2 15 DHCP Components sresisiirsriaiiretas ee re EON T ems re PAT a 216 Ba EAE A E A ay eae A E E E E aed 2 16 DACP SENEI saipa T a a te nent tt 2 16 NenD Server Managen sacccsdiccattcnteesssecenteaietnadenndsnenine EE Ar EAE 2 16 BootP DHGP Relay Implementation sccericisismionanimnaniminenn N DHCP Server Implementation PE E E T E Seer eee 2 18 Acquiring an IP Address from a Router Cuntig r d asa BootP Relay Agent 2 19 ldentiying BP Servers virece aeea naia iaaii 2 20 Requesting and Receiving IP Information PEE T mai PE PEER 2 23 Accepting or Declining IP Information sisri 2 24 How Clients Acquire IP Addresses Using a DHCP E A NTE TA 2 24 idantiiing DHCP SOrmnENS coati innta aeai a eae 2 25 Requesting and Receiving IP Information ccccesccceeessecccceseeeeceeeeseeeeeeenees 2 26 Accepting or Declining IP Information ER eer PPE Oe 2 27 Acquiring the Same IP Address AGAIN sasaki tisceccsecesncsedsosnimesovedenedrareiabieaecasumedensnunds 2 27 vi 117362 C Rev 00 Using a Router Configured as a BootP Relay Agent csseeeseeeesteeeeeees 2 28 Umg a DHCP DEVET aosa onien ieoa EN E EEEN 2 28 RARP Se sairon e E ar Ea ae 2 29 Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP Configuring SNM
22. SNMP Adding a Manager After you have added a community name on the router and assigned access privileges to it you can add specific community members called managers You can add more than one manager to a community By default the IP address 0 0 0 0 is a manager in the public community Note When you add the first IP interface Site Manager automatically creates a read write public community with a wildcard manager 0 0 0 0 For security reasons you should replace the public community and wildcard manager with a unique community specifying a limited list of managers Using the BCC To add a manager to a community navigate to the community prompt and enter manager address lt ip_address gt For example the following command line creates a manager with an IP address of 2 2 2 4 and assigns it to the community Router1 community routerl manager address 2 2 2 4 manager routerl 2 2 2 4 Using Site Manager To add a manager to a particular community complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 3 13 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP
23. Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 8 Choose Add Manager The Add SNMP Manager window opens 9 Enter the IP address of the SNMP manager you want to add 10 Click on OK Configuration Manager adds the manager to the community Configuring a Manager to Receive Traps After you add a manager to a community you can configure the manager to receive traps by specifying its UDP port number and the types of traps the agent transmits to that manager When you configure a manager to receive specific traps or all traps see Table 3 2 the router sends this manager all enabled event traps There is no MIB correspondence between a specific SNMP manager and a trap entity Rather all SNMP managers that you configure to receive specific traps receive all traps you have configured Specifying the Trap Port By default the standard port number on the managing station to which the SNMP agent transmits traps is 162 To use a different UDP port number specify a value from 1 to 9999 Do not specify a port that another application uses 3 14 117362 C Rev 00 Using the BCC Customizing SNMP To specify the port number on the managing station on which the SNMP agent transmits traps navigate to the manager specific prompt and enter trap port lt intege
24. System responds 1 Inthe Select Protocols window select IP The IP Configuration window opens Then click on OK 2 Set the following parameters IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or refer to Configuring IP Services for parameter descriptions 3 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Using the BCC To start IP on the router 1 Configure a physical interface on an available slot connector 2 Configure an IP interface on the physical interface Step 1 Configuring a Physical Interface To configure a physical interface on a slot and connector navigate to the top level box prompt and enter lt interface_type gt slot lt slot_number gt connector lt connector_number gt interface_type is the name of a link module on the router slot_number is the number of the slot on which the link module is located connector_number is the number of a connector on the link module For example the following command configures an Ethernet interface on slot 1 connector 2 box ethernet slot 1 connector 2 ethernet 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 1 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Step 2 Configuring an IP Interface To configure an IP interface on a physical interface navigate to the prompt for the physical interface and enter ip address lt address gt mask lt mask gt address and mask are a valid IP address and its
25. The client starts the interchange by broadcasting a DHCPREQUEST packet that contains its previous IP address in the client IP address field 2 The DHCP server receives the packet examines the client s configuration parameters in the options field of the DHCPREQUEST packet and forwards the client request information to the NetID Server Manager 3 The NetID Server Manager updates its database and sends a committed update message back to the DHCP server 4 The DHCP server that originally supplied the configuration parameters recognizes them and responds with a DHCPACK packet 5 When a client receives a DHCPACK packet from the DHCP server it accepts or declines the parameters as it would when receiving a new IP address 2 28 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts If a client s request is invalid for example when the client has moved to a new network servers respond with a DHCPNAK packet If a client receives only a DHCPNAK packet it must request a new IP address by broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet RARP Overview You can use a Bay Networks router as a Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP server that assigns IP addresses to its clients on the local area network When you configure a router to use RARP services it acts as a RARP server A RARP server supplies clients on the same physical or logical LAN with IP addresses Figure 2 11 RARP request What is my IP addre
26. about configuring a forwarding table see Configuring IP Services Specifying the IP Interface Input Output Address Pair You create the BootP relay agent forwarding table by specifying the IP interface addresses input and output of the pair that you want to receive and forward BOOTREQUEST packets If you enter an IP address that you have not configured on the router the notation appears before the IP address example 111 111 111 111 When you configure the IP address on the router Site Manager replaces with the appropriate address Do not specify an unnumbered interface for the input or output IP interface address parameters If you want to use an unnumbered interface to transmit BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to the servers you must set up a preferred server in the BootP Relay Agent Interface Table window see Configuring BootP Preferred Servers on page 4 13 To specify the IP interface input output address pair complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens continued 4 8 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table System responds The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table wind
27. before declaring the client address unavailable Accept the default 1 or specify a number from 1 to 9999 to determine the number of ping attempts that the DCHP server makes to the prospective DHCP client Normally a DHCP server makes only one ping attempt 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 5 Ping Timeout Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global 750 1 to 5000 Specifies the amount of time in milliseconds that the DHCP server waits for a conflict detection ping to time out Accept the default 750 milliseconds or specify a value from 1 to 5000 Typical DHCP clients retransmit a DHCPDISCOVER message after two seconds Thus if you specify a value greater than 2000 that is 2 seconds the router may transmit spurious messages The same condition applies if you set the value of the ping timeout and the number of pings so that their product timeout value times the number of pings is greater than 2000 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 6 117362 C Rev 00 A 25 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Safe Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the DHCP server must wait until the NetID Server Manager acknowledges receipt of a successful lease com
28. configuration and performance information about this router but also change the router s configuration 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 2 1 4 117362 C Rev 00 A 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services SNMP Manager Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP manager parameters in the SNMP Manager window Trap Port Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Managers gt Manager gt Add Manager Edit Manager 162 1 to 9999 Specifies the number of the port on the management station to which the agent sends traps The standard port number for trap messages is 162 however you may enter a different port number Be sure not to specify a port that another application uses 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 3 1 5 Trap Types Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Managers gt Manager gt Add Manager Edit Manager Generic None Generic Specific All Specifies the type of trap the agent sends to this manager Select None to prohibit the agent from sending traps to this manager Select Generic to configure the agent to send the well defined SNMP traps cold start warm start and authentication failure traps to the manager The cold sta
29. down state snmp trap event entity 2 event 3 trap event 2 3 info on snmp state enabled entity 2 event 3 snmp Using Site Manager To configure a trap exception complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu open 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Exceptions The Trap Exceptions List window opens 6 Click on Add The Add Trap window opens continued 3 24 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 7 Set the following parameters Entity Code Event Code Always Never Trap Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 7 8 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting Trap Exceptions You can delete a trap exception by specifying the entity number and the event code for the trap event Using the BCC To delete a trap exception navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter trap event entity lt entity_number gt event lt event_code gt entity_number is the code assigned to the entity issuing the event that uniquely identifies an event event_code is a unique code assigned to the event Together the entity numb
30. enable the authentications failure trap feature on the router you must configure an SNMP community manager to receive the trap See Configuring SNMP Community Managers on page 3 12 You can prohibit the router from generating authentication failure traps by disabling the authentication failure trap feature 117362 C Rev 00 3 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using the BCC By default SNMP sends an authentication failure trap for sets from a false manager or community To disable authentication traps navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter authentication traps disabled For example the following command line causes SNMP to send authentication failure traps from a false manager or community snmp authentication traps disabled snmp To reenable authentication failure traps navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter authentication traps enabled For example the following command line prohibits SNMP from generating authentication failure traps from a false manager or community snmp authentication traps enabled snmp Using Site Manager To enable or disable authentication failure traps complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Paramet
31. mode you must create a BootP client interface table You do not need to create this table if you configured the frame relay PVC to operate in direct access mode The BootP client interface table allows you to specify and pair the IP address of a remote AN router with the DLCI of its frame relay group access PVC The upstream router is a booting router s next hop router By default the booting router s synchronous interfaces automatically try to get IP addresses from the upstream router This is the EZ Install process If a router using EZ Install gets its address from the upstream router and the upstream router s interface to that router is a frame relay group access PVC you must connect to the upstream router and create a BootP client interface table in addition to a BootP relay agent forwarding table For information about configuring an AN to use EZ Install see Installing and Operating BayStack AN and ANH Systems For information about DLCIs and frame relay see Configuring Frame Relay Services Creating a BootP Client Interface Table You create a BootP client interface table by specifying the client IP address and the frame relay PVC DLCI number Specifying the Client IP Address You must specify the IP address of the remote AN router that will boot using EZ Install over a frame relay group access PVC connection to the router 117362 C Rev 00 4 11 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To specify a cli
32. process begins again Acquiring the Same IP Address Again A client may want to reuse an IP address that a server allocated earlier by DHCP In this case the interchange between client and server omits some of the steps described in the previous section 117362 C Rev 00 2 27 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using a Router Configured as a BootP Relay Agent The client can acquire the same IP address again using a BootP relay agent by following these steps 1 The client starts the interchange by broadcasting a DHCPREQUEST packet that contains its previous IP address in the client IP address field 2 The BootP relay agent receives the packet and forwards it to DHCP servers on other networks 3 DHCP servers examine the client s configuration parameters in the options field of the DHCPREQUEST packet 4 The server that originally supplied the configuration parameters recognizes them and responds with a DHCPACK packet 5 When a client receives a DHCPACK packet it accepts or declines the parameters as it would when receiving a new IP address If a client s request is invalid for example when the client has moved to a new network servers respond with a DHCPNAK packet If a client receives only DHCPNAK packet it must request a new IP address by broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet Using a DHCP Server The client can acquire the same IP address again using a DHCP server by following these steps 1
33. remaining parameters Enabling RARP on an Interface When you select either a link or net module connector or when you finish configuring a WAN circuit the Select Protocols window opens Note The Select Protocols window displays only those protocols that the circuit type supports To enable RARP on an interface complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Select Protocols window opens select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling RARP services 2 Choose Reverse ARP When you choose Reverse ARP you automatically choose IP 3 Click on OK The IP Configuration window opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 1 11 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Specify an IP address for this interface There is no default for the IP address You must supply an address or enter 0 0 0 0 to indicate that this is an unnumbered interface For information about unnumbered interfaces see Configuring IP Services System responds Edit or accept default values for the remaining IP interface parameters To accept the default values click on OK To edit IP interface parameters click on Details For information about editing IP interface parameters see Configuring IP Services Customizin
34. the router you must enable the DHCP server on an IP interface By default the DHCP server is disabled on an IP interface To enable the DHCP server on an IP interface complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens Set the DHCP Server Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 18 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Customizing the DHCP Server For information about modifying DHCP server parameters see Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server 117362 C Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Starting RARP Services Before you can enable RARP services you must enable IP on the router You can however enable IP and RARP services on the router simultaneously If you want to add RARP to a circuit on which you have already configured IP see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for information about adding a protocol When you enable RARP services you are required to configure only a few parameters The Configuration Manager supplies default values for the
35. times However clients operating on systems running Windows 95 broadcast 4 DHCPDISCOVER packets each two seconds apart 5 The client may receive DHCPOFFER packets from several potential servers If you configure the client to wait for multiple responses it compares configuration parameters in the DHCPOFFER packets to decide which server to target Requesting and Receiving IP Information Figure 2 10 shows the next stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address using a DHCP server 1 Client broadcasts 2 DHCP server transmits NetID a DHCPREQUEST information from Server packet the DHCPREQUEST Manager DHCP DHCP renee to NetID Server client client anager gt gt a E a lt lt i 4 DHOP server Ec 3 NetID Server Manager updates transmits DHCPACK NetID database for IP address and or DHCPNAK configuration parameters and sends packet to client H committed update message to DHCP server Router DHCP server DCO0002A Figure 2 10 Requesting and Receiving IP Information DHCP Server 1 When the client has chosen a target DHCP server it broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet to the server The DHCPREQUEST packet contains the address of the target server in the server IP address field 2 26 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts 2 The router configured
36. 5 Click on OK The Configuration Manager deletes RARP from all router interfaces and returns you to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 7 5 Appendix A SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions This appendix contains reference information about customizing the parameters for the SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay DHCP server and RARP interfaces you configure on the router Topic Page SNMP Global Parameters A 3 SNMP Community Parameters A 5 SNMP Manager Parameters A 6 SNMP Trap Interface Parameters A 7 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters A 8 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters A 9 BootP and DHCP Parameters A 16 BootP Address Parameters A 18 BootP Client Interface Address Parameters A 21 BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters A 22 DHCP Global Parameters A 24 RARP Interface Parameters A 28 RARP Address Parameters A 28 117362 C Rev 00 A 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services For each parameter this appendix provides the following information Parameter name Configuration Manager menu path Default setting Valid parameter options Parameter function Instructions for setting the parameter Management information base MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager
37. 6 3 Determining Whether an IP Address Is Available on the Network P 6 4 Changing the Ping Timeout Vea sc csisecasseccnerdaniexas asini ia 6 5 Specifying the DHCP Server Operating Mode ccc cececceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneaes 6 6 Specifying Maximum Number of Pending Leases cccccssecceceesseeeecssesueeeeesenaaes 6 7 SOC ivi he Deud eed casspsc tessa tesstelnataliasuatvaok asta anand eee ie cated 6 8 Specifying the IP Address for the DHCP Server 0 piOn nann eee 6 9 Deleting the DHCP Server ON The AGUIER cesccccccpcetecnsse pascvasietisecsutaedastaraeedscidanniedaseionmuess 6 9 Deleting Bg Si a 2 6 ene ren eee earner iaaa Cr renters Seen cere arent aa 6 10 Chapter 7 Customizing RARP USIGMNZINE RARP Parame sanina eatin ci iuaiid adnend andere 7 2 Disabling and Reenabling RARP Interfaces PEA T PEETER P roe E 7 2 Defining the RARP Mapping Tabie sssccsciccssmrccccennserattcansniecentsnseracieensmerecteaniereceteastreccaenasee 7 3 Specifying the Client s MAC Address 0 cccccscsscnseersnentacnnssaneenceteantnausscuerncante 7 3 Specifying the Clients IP Address T SETET aai aeniei Getta TT 7 4 Disab RARP GODA oasian inna AS E iG henas 7 5 Deleting RARP GRDA sssccnsevossiss crates ioauirautivapiuasulnuecibuldindteatisiantiusulteenaeiudsimyasiiaad ead 7 5 117362 C Rev 00 Appendix A SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions UPTV AUP AAI OS cn eas incc
38. 9 Configuring SNMP Community Managers 3 12 Configuring Traps on the Router 3 19 Configuring Thresholds 3 26 117362 C Rev 00 3 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Configuring SNMP Using the BCC and Site Manager Table 3 1 lists SNMP configuration tasks described in this chapter and indicates whether you can use the BCC or Site Manager to perform each task Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks Task BCC Site Manager Disabling and Reenabling SNMP v Enabling and Disabling SNMP Lock Mechanism Specifying a Lock Address Specifying a Lock Timeout Value Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Traps NEN ENS Specifying the type of service for SNMP packets Specifying an SNMP Community Name Specifying Community Access Privileges Deleting an SNMP Community Adding a Manager Configuring a Manager to Receive Traps Deleting a Manager Specifying a Trap Entity Specifying the Severity Level for Traps Disabling a Trap Entity Configuring Trap Exceptions Deleting Trap Exceptions SISISISISISISISISISISISISNSISISINIS Disabling and Reenabling Thresholds Setting the Threshold Polling Interval Adding a Threshold Enabling and Disabling Thresholds for a Variable Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages Specifying Threshold Units
39. For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB see Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of your parameter values Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration A 2 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions SNMP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP global parameters in the Configuration Manager window Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state of the SNMP agent on all interfaces that support IP Select Enable to enable the SNMP agent select Disable to disable the SNMP agent 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 1 Use Lock Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the agent responds to multiple network management stations issuing simultaneous SNMP set commands to the router When you set this parameter to Enable the agent identifies the station from which it receives the next SNMP set command and for a time equal to the value of the Lock Time Out parameter responds only to SNMP set commands from that station If the agent receives an SNMP set command from a
40. IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of 117362 C Rev 00 iii its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability INNO EVENT WILL BAY NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF BAY NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF BAY NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO BAY NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Soft
41. Info if you want high threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want high threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want high threshold exceptions to generate events you use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 10 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Units Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Persecond Persecond Absolute Specifies the units used to determine whether a variable has exceeded a threshold Select Persecond if you want the agent to generate a threshold event when the variable s rate of change per second reaches one of the thresholds Select Absolute if you want the agent to generate a threshold event when the value of the variable reaches one of the thresholds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 12 Threshold Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Greaterthan Greaterthan Lessthan Specifies when the agent generates a threshold event Select Greaterthan if you want to record threshold events when the value of the variable is greater than the threshold spe
42. NMP Community List window opens 5 Select the community from which you want to delete the manager 6 Choose Community 7 Choose Managers The Community menu opens The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 8 Select the manager you want to delete 9 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 10 Choose Delete Manager The Delete SNMP Manager window opens 11 Make sure that the correct manager IP address appears 12 Click on Delete Configuration Manager removes the manager from the community 3 18 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Configuring Traps on the Router A trap is an event that the router transmits to some external network device such as a network management station You can specify which log events the SNMP agent sends to the network management station as traps based on the following e Slot number the number of the slot on which the trap will be received e Entity number the code assigned to the entity issuing the event that uniquely identifies a router event e Severity level indicates whether the trap is a fault warning information trace or debug message A router never broadcasts traps on the network Rather it sends traps to specific IP addresses which you configure on the router as managers of a community Traps are always sent to specific managers Specifying a Trap Entity A trap entity is associated with a log even
43. Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Bay Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Ag
44. OOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add None Any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces Specifies the target server s host name If you want to keep track of the names of BootP or DHCP servers enter the target server s host name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 5 Pass Through Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add BOOTP BOOTP DHCP BOOTP and DHCP Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 6 117362 C Rev 00 A 23 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services DHCP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure DHCP server global interface parameters in the DHCP Global Parameters window Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global Disable Disable Enable Specifies whether the DHCP server is enabled or disabled on the router Select Enable to enabl
45. P Using the BCC and Site Manager P E E E T 3 2 Gustomizing SNMP Global Parameters rrnvncacseninanana aa Disabling and Reenabling SNMP saisiisssissis raais cases sscaaecesenenaesctaeiniaetacen nannies 3 3 Enabling and Disabling SNMP Lock Mechanism ccceecceceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 3 4 Se ITI a LOk PRS drita E aaiienla lina acianacahiRads 3 6 Specifying a Lock Timeout Value n se ET esini T 3 6 Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Taps jason AAA a O ESE 3 7 Specifying the Type of Service for the SNMP Packet ccccseeeseseeeeeteeeeneeeees 3 9 Adding SNMP Communities seese nR AT T PE arua S a Specifying an SNMP Community Niine EIE NA EE EE E E E E E eet Specifying Community Access Privileges cccccceceeeeeeeeseseceeeeeeseeeseeeeseeeeeeeaes 3 10 Deleting an SNMP INN aeciaii anaE Ea AAE 3 12 Configuring SNMP Community Managers ccccceesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeseaeeseeaseesseeeteeeee DODD AGING a IWANAQEN ssscisacisecrcssecasqtaniiadaresicnaegneesinrs arean T ee T eee a313 Configuring a Manager to Receive Trape E E E T A 3 14 Specifying the Tap Pori nesciant 3 14 Specifying a Trap Type P PEE E E eepetiats PEETA 3 16 poletno a MSS sara neat eeeienaaenaends 3 17 COUN kaps oiha ROUET soriskssuerianna aana ia aa a 3 19 peci ino a Map EMMY cee Be cccscecesccete ddan vane aiaa Ea a od E S E 3 19 Specifying the Severity Level for Traps ccccccsseceseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeea
46. P menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on the interface from which you want to delete BootP 6 Click on Delete The Configuration Manager deletes the BootP relay agent and all forwarding table entries that you specified from the selected interface 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window To globally delete BootP from all interfaces on a router complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens Choose Delete The Delete menu opens TAJIN Click on Delete Configuration Manager deletes BootP from all interfaces on the router 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 5 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay This chapter describes how to customize BootP DHCP relay services It assumes you have configured an IP interface using the default parameters and enabled BootP DHCP relay as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the DHCP concepts in Chapter 2 When you enable BootP DHCP relay all default parameter values are automatically enabled on that interface refer to Appendix B for default parameters You may want to change these default values depending on your network requirements T
47. RARP Parameter Descriptions Polling Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Global 60 seconds 5 seconds minimum no maximum value Sets the time interval at which the agent polls the variable to determine whether that variable has reached the threshold Specify the number of seconds for the polling interval Remember that the more often the agent polls the variable the more memory it needs to manage the thresholds for this statistic 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 1 2 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP threshold interface parameters in the Thresholds Interface Lists window Threshold Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Enable Enable Disable Turns the threshold for this variable on and off Select Enable if you want the agent to apply the threshold to this variable Select Disable if you want the agent to ignore the threshold for this variable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 A 9 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Low Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Globa
48. SNMP Events and Traps An event is a change in the operating status of a router The router stores the event as a single entry in a memory resident log 2 4 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts An event log message provides a brief description of an event along with the event code associated with that event A trap is an event that the router transmits to the network management station SNMP allows you to configure which event log messages the agent sends to the network management station as traps You select these traps based on slot protocol entity and severity level You can also specify up to 50 exceptions which are traps that the agent always sends or never sends regardless of slot and regardless of how you configure the trap parameters For information about how to specify which traps the agent sends see Configuring Traps on the Router on page 3 19 Protocol Entities Events are always associated with a particular protocol entity An entity is the software that generates a message Entities include Bay Networks software dedicated to the operation of a software service such as Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP and IP and the GAME operating system Both events and entities are assigned entity codes Together this pair uniquely identifies a Bay Networks router platform event For a complete list of entities both their abbreviations and full names and associated ent
49. Same Physical Network 0 2 10 Figure 2 3 BootP Client and Server on Different Physical Networks 008 2 11 Figure 2 4 _BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY Fields cccceecceeeeeeseeeeteeees 2 12 Figure 2 5 BootP DHCP Relay Implementation 0 ET gictents A AN 2 18 Figure 2 6 DHCP Server Implementation siirinsesi 2 19 Figure 2 7 Identifying DHCP Servers BootP Relay Agent ccssceseeeeeeees 2 20 Figure 2 8 Requesting and Receiving IP Information BootP Relay Agent 2 23 Figure 2 9 Identifying DAGP Servers csssscrssecsscadessieiaceiiniartecsstasannieinaanracsinntinerdes 2 25 Figure 2 10 Requesting and Receiving IP Information DHCP Server assesses 2 26 Figure 2 11 RARP Server Supplying an IP Address 000 0 ecscceceeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeaeeeeenees 2 29 Figure 4 1 Enabling BootP in a Sample Network cccscceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 4 6 117362 C Rev 00 xi Tables Table 2 1 NPE ES astern chicane ies spade a N tania seagate 2 5 Table 2 2 Example of Threshold and Severity Settings ccccssceesseeeesteeeeeeees 2 8 Table 2 3 IP Address Types Allocated by DHCP eeesceceseeecesteceseeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeees 2 15 Table 2 4 Fields in a DHCP Packet iniiccnmiantniienmhieemiiaaniniien idee 2 21 Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks ere ne Sanne aderai E ee 3 2 Table 3 2 Trap Types Transmitted by the SNMP Agent cccccecce
50. a packet can take between the source and destination devices If the packet has traversed more hops than the value of the hops parameter you specified for that interface the router drops the packet 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts If the router accepts the packet it alters the packet by e Incrementing the hops field by 1 e Writing the IP address of the input interface to the gateway IP address field The router then determines which networks should receive this packet and broadcasts it to other networks through a forwarding route that you specify when you configure the router for BootP services If the BootP packet has to travel to a network through another router you must specify the forwarding route using one of the following methods e Configure the second router for BootP services In this case the second router inspects the packet in the same way as the first router and increments the hops field by 1 The second router will not however replace the address in the gateway IP address field because servers will reply to the first router that received the BOOTREQUEST packet e Configure the first router to forward the BOOTREQUEST packet to a specific server In this case the router will unicast the BOOTREQUEST packet to the server through normal IP services Servers on other networks receive the BOOTREQUEST packet and respond with a BOOTREPLY packet Those servers transmi
51. ace Select Disable to disable an interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 3 1 2 RARP Address Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure RARP address parameters in the RARP Addresses window MAC Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Map Table gt Add None Any valid MAC address Specifies the MAC address of a client that will use the RARP services of this router Enter the MAC address of a client 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 2 1 2 A 28 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Map Table gt Add 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies the corresponding IP address for the client with the MAC address you specified using the MAC Address parameter When the router receives a RARP request from the client the router assigns this IP address to the client and includes it in a response packet Enter the IP address corresponding to the value of the MAC Address parameter Do not accept the default value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 2 1 3 117362 C Rev 00 A 29 Appendix B Default Parameter Settings SNMP Parameters Table B 1 to Table B 6 list the Site Manager default parameter settings for SNMP
52. aceceicccenceeeatsdoncesdiccaude rT A 3 SNMP Community Parameters sesiis kadan anaa E AA A 5 SNMP Manager Parameters T PE ete re A T ON T a AG SNMP Tap liniernace Paranieiere vanin A TA A 7 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters ccccccccccssssececcsssseceecesesaececesssaeeeeeesesaeeeeeneaaees A 8 SNMP Threshold Interlace Parameters saicciciscassectisccsseisicdativesccainsiaicansieudaneieacaasivd A 9 BoeiP and DHCP Parameters sarnsnesiideisasiirriir nk NRN EN EENE E aR A 16 BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters eee eter icine irena rean A 16 Bat Address Parameters cece secs ctceces de ccoptyceedaneptunsde gee tactcien aa e aE A 18 BootP Client Interface Address Parameters cccccceccscccsteseecssesesneeeeeeeseeeeens A 21 BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters cccccccssseseeeeeseceeeeeneeeees A 22 DHCP Global PAPI annnsirsiis thaonstes areas Ea E aE Rai A 24 RARP Intenace PaCS vorisini a aa Aa ANAN ih A 28 RARP Address Parsi S cccreeacctecteunidsasircncvenieetasde sine s AE a i eiai A 28 Appendix B Default Parameter Settings SNMP Parametrs cccsiccscosssdsdocesscuracceviedvaaseeoicdies eben ssa ee EEPE REE EAE T gaan B 1 BooiP arid DHCP Parameters ssis sdesesh vaassedeesiaareaes ieedasosees B 3 PA E a e E E N ahaa dean te EA a Oi B 5 Index x 117362 C Rev 00 Figures Poeci Pole ar SWAP an ccsactiiiete eaienaiahien A niaanentis 2 3 Figure 2 2 BootP Client and Server on the
53. aeeeeeeeeens 3 21 Disabling a Trap Entity toe ees ere paiva jepni Sinica Rabai enpensa mee Conngunig Tah ENS BINS ecseri ai eiL 3 23 Deleting Tap ExXCSpionS sd satvaicncsaccisussesskwaasresscdvadssedsnclsesdlexansusddsscndusspeecdeedsandiuiias 3 25 Configuring Thresholds ssessenriceciiinirenianeas ere PET T aunn A P A 3 26 Disabling and Reenabling Thiashords PONT ATCT TTT TT errr TT Tr ey Tr 3 27 Setting the Threshold Polling Interval 0 cccccecesseeesseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeesesaeeeeeeaeens 3 27 Addmg a Threshold secccatsseecccteoniniatetenseradicesaeetcantanseeacuaniniy souesaienaadeanmpranceaninnadeteamee 3 28 Enabling and Disabling Thresholds for a Variable c ccccececeeeeseeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeees 3 29 Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level PTA T PART N aini 3 30 117362 C Rev 00 vii Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages cccceceeeeteeeeereeteeeeeeeaeees OOO Specifying Threshold Units iui eoan PET kea T ore Determining When to Record Threshold Events E A E E E TA 3 32 Specifying Maximum Successive Alarms cc cccesceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeees 3 33 Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables T eer g ERTE 3 34 Specifying a Threshold Object Name sesssccseransecsestsseriectssserriestden mide naaa 3 35 Chapter 4 Customizing BootP Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters ccscecsseeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeneeeeaeee
54. ager software application The default TCP port number is 24736 For information about specifying a remote port number for the NetID Server Manager see the NetID Server Products Guide 117362 C Rev 00 6 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To specify the TCP port number on the DHCP server complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the DHCP Server TCP Port Number parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Determining Whether an IP Address Is Available on the Network Before the DHCP server assigns an IP address to a DHCP client it must ensure that the IP address is not already in use on the network To verify that the IP address is available the DHCP server sends out an ICMP Echo request called a ping If the server fails to receive a response to the request within the specified timeout period ping request timeout the DHCP server offers the IP address and grants a lease to the client If the DHCP server receives a response to the request the IP address is unavailable and therefore ca
55. as a DHCP server examines the packet and if its IP address differs from the value in the server IP address field it reclaims the IP addresses it supplied in the DHCPOFFER packets This address is now available for other clients 3 Ifthe DHCPREQUEST packet is valid the DHCP server forwards the request information to the NetID Server Manager 4 After the NetID Server Manager updates the NetID database with the new request information the NetID Server Manager sends a committed update message back to the DHCP server Accepting or Declining IP Information In a network configuration in which the router is configured as a DHCP server the target server recognizes its IP address in the server IP address field and responds to the DHCPREQUEST packet as follows e If the DHCP server can supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPACK packet to the client through the DHCP server The client examines the configuration parameters in the DHCPACK packet and records the duration of the lease period If the client detects a problem with the configuration parameters it sends a DHCPDECLINE packet to the server and issues a new DHCPDISCOVER packet Otherwise the client accepts the configuration parameters e Ifthe target server cannot supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPNAK packet to the client through DHCP server When the client receives the DHCPNAK packet it broadcasts a new DHCPDISCOVER packet and the
56. assign each community a unique name within the agent and all members of a community have the same access privileges either read only or read write e Read only members can view configuration and performance information e Read write members can view configuration and performance information and also change the configuration By defining a community an agent limits access to its MIB to a selected set of management stations By using more than one community the agent can provide different levels of MIB access to different management stations All SNMP message exchanges consist of a community name and a data field which contains the SNMP operation and its associated operands You can configure the SNMP agent to receive requests and send responses only from managers that are members of a known community If the agent knows the community name in the SNMP message and knows that the manager generating the request is a member of that community it considers the message to be authentic and gives it the access allowed for members of that community In this way the SNMP community prevents unauthorized managers from viewing or changing the configuration of a router SNMP Implementation Notes This section contains information about features specific to the Bay Networks implementation of SNMP Internet Protocol SNMP uses the User Datagram Protocol UDP to transport its messages You must enable the Internet Protocol IP to use UDP and
57. associated mask expressed in either dotted decimal notation or in bit notation For example the following command configures IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 on an Ethernet physical interface on slot 1 connector 2 ethernet 1 2 ip address 2 2 2 2 mask 255 0 0 0 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 An IP interface is now configured on the Ethernet interface with default values for all interface parameters When you configure an IP interface the BCC also configures IP globally on the router with default values for all IP global parameters You can customize IP by modifying IP global and interface parameters as described in Configuring IP Services Starting SNMP Services You can use the BCC command line interface or the Site Manager graphical user interface to start SNMP on the router using default values for all parameters Before you begin verify that you have configured IP on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 Using the BCC To configure SNMP on the router with default settings begin in configuration mode at the box level prompt 1 Configure SNMP box Snmp 1 4 117362 C Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services 2 Display SNMP default settings snmp info on box state enabled lock enabled lock address 0 0 0 0 lock timeout 2 authentication traps enabled type of service reliability scope delimiter 0x40 Using Site Manager You can easily start SNMP servic
58. ays only those protocols that the circuit type supports To enable BootP DHCP relay on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this For instructions see 1 Enable BootP on the interface Enabling BootP on an Interface on page 1 6 2 Access the BootP Relay Agent Interface Customizing BootP Relay Agent Table window Parameters on page 4 2 3 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter to Specifying the Relay Mode for Packet DHCP or to BootP and DHCP This action Forwarding on page 4 4 allows you to select either DHCP or BootP and DHCP for the Pass Through Mode parameter in other windows continued 117362 C Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued 4 Click on Apply You do this For instructions see 5 Edit the other parameters in this window Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters on page 4 2 Customizing DHCP For information about modifying BootP DHCP parameters see Chapter 5 Customizing DHCP Starting a DHCP Server You must use Site Manager to start a DHCP server The BCC is not supported Before you begin you must do the following 1 Verify that you have configured IP on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 Configure TCP on a router For instructions on how to configure TCP o
59. bout unnumbered interfaces see Configuring IP Services Edit or accept default values for the remaining IP interface parameters To accept the default values click on OK To edit IP interface parameters click on Details For information about editing IP interface parameters see Configuring IP Services Customizing BootP For information about customizing BootP parameters see Chapter 4 Customizing BootP 117362 C Rev 00 1 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Starting BootP DHCP Relay You must use Site Manager to start BootP DHCP relay The BCC is not supported You can easily start BootP DHCP relay using default values for all parameters If you decide to change some or all of the default values refer to the instructions in Chapter 5 Before you begin you must verify that you have configured IP on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 You can however enable IP BootP and BootP DHCP on the router simultaneously If you want to add BootP and BootP DHCP relay to a circuit on which you have already configured IP see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for information about adding a protocol Enabling BootP DHCP on an Interface When you select either a link or net module connector or when you finish configuring a WAN circuit the Select Protocols window opens Note The Select Protocols window displ
60. ce Table window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 4 Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this forwarding route is active Select Enable to allow BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route Select Disable to prevent BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Pass Through Mode Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add Default BOOTP Options BOOTP DHCP BOOTP and DHCP Function Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests Instructions Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 5 A 20 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions BootP Client Interface Address Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Client Interface window IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt
61. cified Select Lessthan if you want to record threshold events when the value of the variable is less than the threshold specified 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 13 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Max Successive Alarms Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 5 Any integer value Specifies the maximum number of successive alarms that the agent generates for this variable A successive alarm represents two or more polling periods when the agent generates an alarm as a result of an exception at the same threshold level Specify the maximum number of successive alarms When the agent exceeds the maximum number of alarms it marks the threshold as held The agent generates no more alarms until the variable either crosses the threshold at a different level or crosses no threshold for the number of polling intervals equal to the value of the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 14 Threshold HoldDown Intervals Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 1 Any integer value Specifies the number of exception free polling intervals through which a variable in a held state must pass before the var
62. cribes these types of IP addresses Table 2 3 IP Address Types Allocated by DHCP IP Address Type Description Static DHCP address An address that the DHCP server fixes to a client by a unique key which is typically the MAC address Dynamic DHCP address An address that the DHCP server allocates to a client for fixed periods of time called lease times The client can extend the lease so that it continues to use the same dynamic address When the client leaves the network the client typically releases the address and the DHCP server can assign it to another client Static BootP address An address that a DHCP server allocates dynamically with no fixed time period Unlike a dynamic DHCP address a static BootP address has an infinite lease time When the client leaves the network it must send a message to the DHCP server to release the address The address is then available for the DHCP server to reassign Dynamic IP Address Allocation There are only a limited number of IP addresses in a TCP IP network DHCP enables you to efficiently use and reuse IP addresses by implementing a concept called IP address leasing A DHCP client can lease an IP address from a DHCP server for a fixed configurable period of time The lease period can range from 1 minute to 99 years If you have more clients than IP addresses using shorter leases can prevent you from running out of addresses If you have more addresses than clients you can u
63. describes the SNMP trap format The router platform transmits a Bay Networks event log trap as a 32 bit value as follows e Octets 1 and 2 the most significant 16 bits of the specific trap ID contain values of 1 and 0 respectively to identify a Bay Networks event log trap e Octet 3 of the specific trap ID contains a code that identifies the software entity that generated the trap e Octet 4 of the specific ID contains the event code that in conjunction with the entity code uniquely identifies the event Each 32 bit value is accompanied by three variable bindings that convey the event string that describes the trap condition the slot that hosts the entity that generated the trap and the trap severity see Table 2 1 For detailed information about the SNMP trap format see Event Messages for Routers 2 6 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Thresholds SNMP uses a management information base MIB to manage the router The MIB includes an extensive collection of statistics MIB variables that track the router s performance and provide early warnings of abnormal operating conditions With the Site Manager threshold feature you can configure the agent to automatically notify you when specific statistics or instances of the variable reach certain levels You can set a threshold for any integer counter gauge or time tick variable in the MIB Using the threshold parameters
64. e Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Label parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 15 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 3 35 Chapter 4 Customizing BootP This chapter describes how to customize BootP services It assumes you have configured an IP interface and enabled BootP on this interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the BootP concepts in Chapter 2 You can enable BootP services most easily by accepting all the default configuration parameter values However you may want to change these values depending on your network requirements This chapter describes choices you can make to use BootP most effectively on your network Topic Page Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters 4 2 Setting Up the Routing Path Between the BootP Server and the Routers 4 5 Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Packets 4 7 Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Relay PVC 4 11 Specifying Servers for BootP Services 4 13 Deleting the BootP Relay Agen
65. e BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Client I F The BOOTP Client Interface window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Client Interface Address window opens 7 Set the DLCI Number parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 21 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Servers for BootP Services You can specify a forwarding route for BOOTREQUEST packets by defining a relationship between an input interface and a BootP server By defining such a relationship you can e Improve the efficiency of BOOTREQUEST packet relay e Transmit BOOTREQUEST packets through unnumbered output interfaces Configuring BootP Preferred Servers You can configure a BootP preferred server by specifying the IP address of the relay agent on the router and the IP address of the target server The router can then unicast a BOOTREQUEST packet through normal IP services to that server 117362 C Rev 00 4 13 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Specifying the Relay Agent IP Address You must specify the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients You can then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter To specify the relay agent IP address c
66. e default values refer to the instructions in Chapter 4 Before you begin verify that you have configured IP on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 You can however enable IP and BootP on an interface simultaneously If you want to add BootP to a circuit on which you have already configured IP refer to Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for more information about adding a protocol Enabling BootP on an Interface When you select either a link or net module connector or when you finish configuring a WAN circuit the Select Protocols window opens Note The Select Protocols window displays only those protocols that the circuit type supports 1 6 117362 C Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To enable BootP on an interface complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling BootP services The Select Protocols window opens Choose BOOTP When you choose BOOTP you automatically choose IP The BOOTP menu opens 3 Click on OK The IP Configuration window opens Specify an IP address for this interface There is no default for the IP address You must supply an address or enter 0 0 0 0 to indicate that this is an unnumbered interface For information a
67. e more likely the agent is to generate repetitive event messages for a variable that is intermittently exceeding thresholds To specify the number of exception free polling intervals through which a variable in a held state must pass before the variable is no longer considered held complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens continued 3 34 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 14 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Threshold Object Name By default the ASN 1 object identifier is the object name that appears in the Threshold Label parameter field You can replace the ASN 1 object identifier by specifying a name for the object in string format The string you enter appears in the log file making it easier to identify the object that is the subject of the trap To specify a threshold object name complete the tasks in the following tabl
68. e parameter The default setting is BootP which allows the interface to transmit only BootP packets Be sure to change the setting if you want to transmit DHCP packets To set the relay mode on a BootP interface complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens continued 4 4 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 17 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Setting Up the Routing Path Between the BootP Server and the Routers You must define the routing path between the BootP server and the routers to ensure the successful transmission of BOOTREQUEST packets from one end of the network to the other You define this routing path by e Enabling BootP forwarding on upstream routers e Specifying interfaces to receive and relay BOOTREQUEST packets e Creating a B
69. e router complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Delete DHCP 117362 C Rev 00 6 9 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Deleting DHCP Globally To delete DHCP globally you must delete BootP globally For instructions see Deleting BootP Globally on page 4 18 6 10 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 7 Customizing RARP This chapter describes how to customize RARP services It assumes you have configured an IP interface using the default parameters and enabled RARP services as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the RARP concepts in Chapter 2 You can enable RARP services most easily by accepting all the default parameter values However you may want to change these values depending on your network requirements This chapter describes the choices you can make to use RARP most effectively on your network Topic Page Customizing RARP Parameters 7 2 Disabling and Reenabling RARP Interfaces 7 2 Defining the RARP Mapping Table 7 3 Disabling RARP Globally 7 5 Deleting RARP Globally 7 5 117362 C Rev 00 7 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Customizing RARP Paramete
70. e the DHCP server on the router Select Disable to disable the DHCP server on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 2 Server Manager IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the NetID Server Manager that provides and manages DHCP lease information for this DHCP server Enter the IP address of the NetID DCHP Server Manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 3 DHCP Server TCP Port Number Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global None A valid port number Specifies the remote port number over which the DHCP server communicates with the NetID Server Manager Enter a remote port number on the DHCP server that matches the port number for the NetID Server Manager For information about specifying a remote port number for the NetID Server Manager see the NetID System Administrator s Guide 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 4 A 24 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Number of Pings Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global 1 1 to 9999 The number of ping attempts that the DHCP server makes to the IP address of the prospective DHCP client to detect possible conflicts
71. e the RARP services of this router The client will include the MAC address you specify here in RARP broadcasts to the router To specify the client s MAC address complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens Choose Map Table The RARP Map Table window opens Click on Add The RARP Addresses window opens DIN PR h Set the MAC Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 28 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 7 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Specifying the Client s IP Address You must specify the IP address corresponding to the value of the MAC Address parameter you specify Do not accept the default value When the router receives a RARP request from the client it assigns this IP address to the client and includes it in a response packet To specify the client s IP address complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Rever
72. ecords the duration of the lease period If the client detects a problem with the configuration parameters it sends a DHCPDECLINE packet to the server and issues a new DHCPDISCOVER packet Otherwise the client accepts the configuration parameters e If the target server cannot supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPNAK packet to the client through the BootP relay agent When the client receives the DHCPNAK packet it broadcasts a new DHCPDISCOVER packet and the process begins again A client may choose to relinquish its IP address before the lease period expires by sending a DHCPRELEASE packet to the server This packet contains the relinquished IP address in the client IP address field and the client s MAC address in the client hardware address field How Clients Acquire IP Addresses Using a DHCP Server A client acquires its IP address from a DHCP server by e Identifying DHCP servers e Requesting and receiving IP information e Accepting or declining IP information The following sections describe each of these stages in detail 2 24 117362 C Rev 00 Figure 2 9 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Identifying DHCP Servers Figure 2 9 shows the first stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address from a DHCP server 1 Client broadcasts 2 DHCP server sends NetID a DHCPDISCOVER ICMP echo request to Server packet prospective IP address Manager
73. ed a DHCP server on the interface as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the DHCP server concepts in Chapter 2 After you start the DHCP server default parameter values are in effect for all parameters refer to Appendix B for default parameters You customize the DHCP server by modifying these parameters as described in the following sections Topic Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration 6 2 Deleting the DHCP Server on the Router 6 Deleting DHCP Globally 10 117362 C Rev 00 6 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration You can determine how a DHCP server functions on the router by modifying its configuration Use the remaining sections in this chapter as a guide Reenabling and Disabling the DHCP Server on the Router After you configure IP on an interface and create and enable the DHCP server as described in Chapter 1 all DHCP server global default parameter values are automatically enabled on the interface If you disable DHCP it is no longer available on all IP circuits To disable and reenable the DHCP server on the router complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens
74. edium Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message the agent generates when a variable exceeds the medium threshold Select Info if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate events you use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 8 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold High Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the high threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a high threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 9 Threshold High Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message the agent generates when a variable exceeds the high threshold Select
75. eives the BOOTREQUEST packet at an interface that you configured to receive BOOTREQUEST packets an input interface If the BOOTREQUEST packet has an address other than 255 255 255 255 the router drops the packet Figure 2 4 shows the fields in the BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY packets 117362 C Rev 00 2 11 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Hardware address Operation 1 Hardware type 1 length 1 Hops 1 Transaction ID 4 Seconds 2 Flags 2 Client IP address 4 Your IP address 4 Server IP address 4 Gateway IP address 16 Client hardware address 16 Server name 64 File name 128 Vendor specific area 64 The number in parentheses indicates the number of octets in each field SNMOOO1LA Figure 2 4 BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY Fields The packet relay process uses these fields as follows 1 When a router interface receives a BOOTREQUEST packet the router examines the seconds and hops fields in the packet and compares these values to BootP parameters you configured on that interface The seconds field contains the minimum number of seconds that the router waits before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet If the value in the seconds field of the packet is less than the value of the Timeout Secs parameter you configured on the interface the router drops the packet The hops field contains the maximum number of hops that
76. elect the The entity name that you selected is entity name that you want to delete highlighted 6 Click on Remove The entity name is removed from the Current Entities column 7 Click on Save Site Manager saves the changes that you made Configuring Trap Exceptions You can configure up to 50 trap exceptions which specify that the SNMP agent always sends or never sends traps to the network management station regardless of the trap configuration settings and regardless of the slot you specified You configure a trap exception by specifying the following Entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception Code number of the event for which you want to configure an exception Whether the SNMP agent always sends or never sends a trap to the network management station For entity codes see Event Messages for Routers 117362 C Rev 00 3 23 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using the BCC To specify a trap exception based on protocol entity and entity code enter the following command at the SNMP prompt trap event entity lt entity_number gt event lt entity_code gt entity_number is the value assigned to the entity issuing the message entity_code is a numerical value assigned to the message For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to send a network management station a trap for IP protocol entity 2 generating messages for interfaces that transition to the
77. ent IP address complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Client I F The BOOTP Client Interface window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Client Interface Address window opens 7 Set the IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 21 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the DLC Number You must specify in decimal format the frame relay PVC identification number whose destination is the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install Use the DLCI number assigned by your frame relay service provider The frame relay network uses the DLCI number to direct data flow 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP To specify the DLCI number complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table Th
78. ents Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients and then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 3 Target Server IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the address of a server that should receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets Enter the IP address of the server that should receive the BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 4 A 22 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the forwarding route is active Select Enable to allow BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route Select Disable to prevent BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 2 Target Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt B
79. er 3 26 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Disabling and Reenabling Thresholds By default the thresholds feature is enabled on all interfaces on which IP is configured To disable and reenable thresholds complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Setting the Threshold Polling Interval The threshold polling interval sets the time interval at which the agent polls the variable to determine whether that variable has reached a threshold You must set a minimum polling interval of 5 seconds there is no maximum value The default polling interval is 60 seconds When setting a polling interval remember that the more often the agent polls the variable the more memory it needs to manage the thresholds for this statistic 117362 C Rev 00 3 27 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To set the threshold polling interval complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this Sy
80. er A hop is the logical distance between a source device and a destination device Source device combinations can include a BootP relay agent and a BootP server a client and a BootP relay agent or two BootP relay agents 4 2 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP By default the maximum number of hops a packet can take from the source device to the destination device client to server is four If the value in the hops field of aBOOTREQUEST packet is greater than the value specified for the max hops parameter the router drops the packet To specify the maximum number of hops from client to server complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Set the Hops parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 16 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Minimum Timeout Value By default the router immediately forwards BOOTREQUEST packets to the destination address in the BootP relay forwarding table You can determine the a
81. er and event code uniquely identify a router event For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to delete a trap for IP protocol entity 2 whose event code is 3 snmp trap event entity 2 event 3 trap event 2 3 117362 C Rev 00 3 25 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using Site Manager To delete a trap exception complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Exceptions The Trap Exceptions List window opens 6 Select the trap for which you want to delete the exception 7 Click on Delete You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring Thresholds You cannot configure thresholds using the BCC You can configure thresholds for any integer counter gauge or time tick variable in the MIB For more information about when to use thresholds see Chapter 2 To configure a threshold you must have a good understanding of the MIB and be able to identify the instances of MIB objects to which you want to apply a threshold For complete information about identifying a MIB object or an instance identifier see the statistics section of Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manag
82. er the event code number for the event for which you want to configure an exception See Event Messages for Routers for event code numbers 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 4 117362 C Rev 00 A 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Always Never Trap Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Always Never Specifies whether the SNMP agent always sends or never sends this trap to the network management station The instructions you specify in this field override the settings in the Trap Configuration window and affect traps sent from every slot in the router Select Always or Never 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 2 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP threshold global parameters in the Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Global Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables the threshold feature on a router Select Enable to enable thresholds Select Disable to disable thresholds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 1 1 A 8 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and
83. erent level If the statistic does not exceed any threshold for a specified number of polling periods the agent no longer considers the threshold held Memory Considerations Polling statistics to determine whether they have reached a threshold and reporting events when variables exceed thresholds require router processing capacity When you set many thresholds and use shorter polling intervals the router performance will probably decline 117362 C Rev 00 2 9 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services BootP Relay Agent Overview BootP is built on the client server model and allows a diskless client to boot remotely from a server on the same network or on a different physical network The client broadcasts a request to boot from a remote server When a suitable server receives the BOOTREQUEST packet it responds to the client by issuing a BOOTREPLY packet which includes the client s IP address the address of the gateway and the address of a server The server then transmits the boot file to the client via a transfer protocol such as Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP Figure 2 4 illustrates how BootP works when the client and the server are on the same network The client transmits a BOOTREQUEST packet to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 The server sends a BOOTREPLY packet to the client Depending on the server s implementation the server addresses the packet to either the broadcast or the client s IP addres
84. ers window opens 5 Set the Authentication Failure Traps parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 4 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 8 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Specifying the Type of Service for the SNMP Packet Site Manager does not support this function You can specify the type of service in which SNMP packets will be generated by setting the type of service to either reliability or normal For SNMP high reliability type of services is important By default the type of services is set to reliability To specify the type of service navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter type of service lt reliability normal gt For example the following command line causes SNMP to generate packets with a type of service of reliability snmp type of service reliability snmp Adding SNMP Communities An SNMP community is a logical relationship between an SNMP agent and one or more SNMP managers The community has a name and all members of a community have the same access privileges either read only members can view configuration and performance information or read write members can view configuration performance information and also change the configuration This section describes how to add and delete the SNMP communities to which the SNMP agent responds or sends traps Specifying an SNMP Community Name You can add SNMP commu
85. es using default values for all parameters If you decide to change some or all of the default values refer to the instructions in Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP For a list of SNMP parameters see Appendix B Default Parameter Settings Before you can start SNMP services you must verify that you have configured IP on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 To start SNMP perform the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 From the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Protocols Parameter window opens 5 Accept all default parameter values and You return to the Configuration Manager click on OK window SNMP is now fully operational 117362 C Rev 00 1 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Customizing SNMP Services The instructions in this chapter show you how to start SNMP using the default values and settings For information about modifying SNMP default settings refer to Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP Starting BootP Services You must use Site Manager to start BootP The BCC is not supported You can easily start BootP using default values for all parameters If you decide to change some or all of th
86. eshold polling interval 3 27 Threshold Units parameter A 13 thresholds adding 3 28 Index 3 configuring A 8 to A 15 defining state of 2 9 definition 2 7 disabling 3 27 enabling 3 27 memory considerations 2 9 severity levels 2 8 Transmit Beast Addr parameter IP configuration 1 3 trap messages 2 5 format 2 6 severity levels 2 5 traps 2 2 configuring 3 19 to 3 26 exceptions 3 23 U UnNumbered Assoc Address parameter IP configuration 1 3 unnumbered interfaces using for BootP and DHCP services 4 13 Index 4 117362 C Rev 00
87. eters B 1 deleting DHCP globally 5 5 6 10 exceptions 3 26 RARP services 7 5 SNMP managers 3 17 DHCP customizing 1 9 1 10 deleting from an IP interface 5 4 deleting globally 5 5 6 10 enabling on an interface 1 8 packet 2 20 2 25 to 2 27 specifying maximum number of hops 4 2 minimum seconds 4 2 relay mode 4 4 servers for 5 3 starting 1 8 Index 1 DHCP parameters defaults B 3 to B 4 disabling globally RARP 7 5 E editing RARP parameters 7 2 to 7 5 educational services iv event messages 2 4 format 2 9 protocol entities 2 5 severity levels 2 5 exceptions deleting 3 26 implementation notes for SNMP 2 4 to 2 9 IP address acquiring through DHCP services 2 14 to 2 29 acquiring through RARP services 2 29 customizing 1 6 starting 1 2 IP Address parameter IP configuration 1 3 managers for SNMP deleting 3 17 memory use for configuring thresholds 2 9 P packet BootP 2 10 to 2 13 DHCP 2 20 2 25 to 2 27 parameters See BOOTP parameters See RARP parameters See SNMP parameters Index 2 product support iv publications Bay Networks iv R RARP customizing 1 12 customizing parameters 7 2 to 7 4 defining the mapping table for 7 3 deleting globally 7 5 disabling globally 7 5 disabling interfaces 7 2 enabling on an interface 1 11 enabling on an IP interface 1 11 overview 2 29 reenabling interfaces 7 2 RARP parameters defaults B 5 RARP services sta
88. f the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ii 117362 C Rev 00 Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Bay Networks Inc Bay Networks gran
89. fault 0 or specify a number from 1 to 65535 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 6 Pass Through Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table BOOTP BOOTP DHCP BOOTP and DHCP Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 16 Interface Priority Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table 0 0 to 16 Indicates priority of the interface on a multinetted interface Enter a integer from 1 to 16 to indicate the priority of the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 20 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DHCP Server Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the DHCP server is enabled or disabled on this network interface Select Enable to enable the DHCP server on the network interface Select Disable to disable the DHCP server on the network interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 21 BootP Address Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines t
90. for the slot number and entity type you specified For a description of the severity levels see Event Messages for Routers Using the BCC By default the attribute for all levels is set to off To turn on fault level messages enter fault log on To turn on warning level messages enter warning log on To turn on information level messages enter information log on To turn on trace level messages enter trace log on To turn on debug level messages enter debug log on Using Site Manager To specify a trap entity and the severity level at which you want to receive the trap complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 3 21 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Interfaces The Trap Configuration window opens 6 Select the slot for which you want to configure traps by clicking on the bar in the slot box 7 Select the severity level at which you want to receive traps by clicking on the Events box at the bottom of the window For a description of severity levels see Chapter 2 8
91. g RARP For information about modifying RARP parameters refer to Chapter 7 Customizing RARP 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts This chapter describes the concepts behind SNMP BootP BootP DHCP DHCP server and RARP services and how Bay Networks routers implement them You can use this information to decide how to customize SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay DHCP server and RARP parameters for your system Topic Page SNMP Overview 2 1 SNMP Implementation Notes 2 4 BootP Relay Agent Overview 2 10 DHCP Overview 2 14 RARP Overview 2 29 SNMP Overview SNMP is a simple request response protocol that communicates management information between two types of SNMP software entities SNMP applications also called SNMP managers and SNMP agents SNMP applications contain manager software that runs on a network management station also known as an SNMP client such as a PC or a workstation The manager software implements the protocols used to exchange data with SNMP agents SNMP applications issue queries to gather information about the status configuration and performance of external network devices called network elements in SNMP terminology Network elements contain an agent and perform the network management function that the network management stations request 117362 C Rev 00 2 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services
92. gt a E lt 4 lt 4 BootP relay agent E L 3 Target server transmits transmits DHCPACK DHCPACK or DHCPNAK or DHCPNAK packet to BootP relay packet to client agent Router BootP relay agent SNMO0006A Figure 2 8 Requesting and Receiving IP Information BootP Relay Agent 1 When the client has chosen a target server it broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet The DHCPREQUEST packet contains the address of the target server in the server IP address field and the lease offer that it prefers 2 The router configured as a BootP relay agent receives the packet and forwards it to all servers 3 Those servers examine the packet and if their IP addresses differ from the value in the server IP address field they reclaim the IP addresses they supplied in the DHCPOFFER packets These addresses are now available for other clients 117362 C Rev 00 2 23 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Accepting or Declining IP Information In a network configuration in which a router is configured as a BootP DHCP relay agent the target server recognizes its IP address in the server IP address field and responds to the DHCPREQUEST packet as follows e Ifthe target server can supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPACK packet to the client through the BootP relay agent The DHCPACK packet contains the committed IP address The client examines the configuration parameters in the DHCPACK packet and r
93. he BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Preferred Server Configuration window opens 7 Set the Target Server IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 22 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Target Server s Host Name If you want to keep track of the names of BootP and DHCP servers specify the target server s host name The host name cannot exceed 63 ASCII characters including embedded spaces To specify the target server s host name complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 4 15 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table System responds The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv 6 Set the Target Name parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager
94. he command syntax is show ip alerts routes you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both This guide uses the following acronyms ASN 1 BCC BootP DHCP IP MAC MIB RARP RMON PPP SNMP TFTP UDP WAN abstract syntax notation Bay Command Console Bootstrap Protocol Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Internet Protocol media access control management information base Reverse Address Resolution Protocol remote monitoring Point to Point Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol Trivial File Transfer Protocol User Datagram Protocol wide area network 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Bay Networks Technical Publications You can now print Bay Networks technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the Bay Networks product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com You can purchase Bay Networks documentation sets CDs and selected technical publications through the Bay Networks Collateral Catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog
95. he threshold level complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the following parameters Threshold Low Value Threshold Medium Value Threshold High Value Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 10 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages You can specify the severity level of the event message that the agent generates when a variable exceeds either a low medium or high threshold level You can specify one of these severity levels e Information allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action e Warning allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate an unexpected situation occurred e Debug allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate events you use to solve network problems 3 30 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP To specify the severity level for event messages complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedu
96. his chapter describes choices you can make to use BootP DHCP relay most effectively on your network Topic Setting Up the Routing Path Between the DHCP Server and a BootP Relay 5 2 Agent Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP Interface 5 4 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay Globally 5 5 117362 C Rev 00 5 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Setting Up the Routing Path Between the DHCP Server and a BootP Relay Agent You must define a routing path between the DHCP server and the router configured as a BootP relay agent to ensure the successful transmission of packets from one end of the network to the other You define this routing path by e Specifying interfaces to receive and forward DHCP packets e Defining a DHCP server Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets BootP DHCP relay uses the BootP relay agent to forward packets to and receive packets from DHCP servers You must define a forwarding route for DHCP packets by defining a relationship between an interface you configure to receive DHCP packets from servers and an interface you want to send DHCP packets to servers When you define this type of relationship the interface pair appears in the BootP relay agent forwarding table For instructions see Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Packets on page 4 7 To allow the BootP relay agent to forward DHCP packets set the Pass Through Mode parameter in the
97. html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically e The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets Make a note of the part numbers and prices of the items that you want to order Use the Marketing Collateral Catalog description link to place an order and to print the order form How to Get Help For product assistance support contracts information about educational services and the telephone numbers of our global support offices go to the following URL http www baynetworks com corporate contacts In the United States and Canada you can dial 800 2LANWAN for assistance iv 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services This chapter describes how to create a basic SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay and RARP configuration by specifying values for required parameters only and accepting default values for all other parameters of these services Topic Page Starting Configuration Tools 1 2 Configuring IP for Global Protocols 1 2 Starting SNMP Services 1 4 Starting BootP Services 1 6 Starting BootP DHCP Relay 1 8 Starting a DHCP Server 1 9 Starting RARP Services 1 11 For background information about these protocols see Chapter 2 For information on how to customize these protocols by changing thei
98. iable is no longer considered held Specify the number of exception free polling intervals The lower the number you select the more likely the agent is to generate repetitive event messages for a variable that is intermittently exceeding thresholds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 15 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Threshold Label Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds ASN 1 OID ASN 1 OID String identifier Specifies a name for the MIB object in string format to replace the ASN 1 object identifier The string you enter appears in the log file making it easier to identify the object that is the subject of the trap Type a name for the MIB object or leave this field empty to use the ASN 1 object identifier 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 22 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services BootP and DHCP Parameters Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface
99. ication failure traps If you select Enable you must configure an SNMP manager to receive the trap You configure a trap in the Trap Configuration window Select Disable to prohibit the router from generating authentication failure traps 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 3 5 A 4 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions SNMP Community Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP community parameters in the SNMP Community window Community Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Add Community Edit Community None Any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces Specifies the name of the SNMP community Enter the SNMP community name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 2 1 3 Access Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Add Community Edit Community Read Only Read Only Read Write Specifies the access privileges that the router grants to all members of this SNMP community Select Read Only to allow members of this community to only view configuration and performance information about this router Select Read Write to allow members of this community to not only view
100. ing BootP rere PET honena Sovenir T aoei meres ele Skaina Boot DHGP Relay saiioiiniituwua aaa asta eis aes 1 8 Enabling BootPOHGP on An MECS siciciscii cscs ecsnivip iia cutest 1 8 Dustomizma DHE sianida o e Ea AEE r EEEa 1 9 Sano S DHCP SOVET srini a EA S LA AA SA 1 9 Customizing the DHCP Server 006 s E E eet ees Ao 1 10 Staring RARP GOCER sohiri ie ia aE a aa a 1 11 Enabling RARP on an Interlace otsec csc sct oust ccteess cect atin ss area seetutiwesd aE 1 11 RAUSTONUZIIC RARE dreien e a 1 12 117362 C Rev 00 v Chapter 2 SNMP BooiP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepis SNMP OVEIION ccsaiscconuce sacs innesadantandetase stam aa aoa aai EA EACEA 2 1 SNMP NESSES piira RE AN E 2 2 SNMP Communities ree ere ere peices gees ee ET reio inibi 2 3 SNMP Implementation NOS scossa i Aa 2 4 kemet FoG unaceaa cs cadbtin iacehatiwtuaden sulted cn cunte coeur segixiuda a 2 4 VERS and Taps scrissero iacenenantssomndantsocetantriecesemmvandueninsleutmesccasenmives 2 4 Porco ENOS ri E 2 5 Severity Levels 00 scien T acora Siiani T ices mittens TE 2 5 SNMP Tan FORTEAN siririn a S 2 6 TEO T N treme er een ee nee tr tren rere ar eer metry Tete et 2 7 Threshold Example a ceisiscccscisccnvesass EET ere merous PEE OS 2 8 Event Message Formal sena Guerin ear edin ened 2 8 eea Gh e k e A EN T E AN TE 2 9 Memory ConsideralonS sorsra anaa aA SE 2 9 BogiP Relay Agen Overview iiiresiriisnaria nia nE
101. ity codes see Event Messages for Routers Severity Levels Event and trap messages are always associated with a severity level Table 2 1 describes the severity levels and gives the code that corresponds to each one This guide does not cover Debug messages because they are for Bay Networks internal use only Table 2 1 Severity Levels Severity Description Code Information Indicates routine events that usually require no action 2 Warning Indicates that a service acted in an unexpected manner 4 Fault Indicates a major service disruption usually caused by a 8 configuration network or hardware problem The entities involved keep restarting until the problem is resolved continued 117362 C Rev 00 2 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Table 2 1 Severity Levels continued Severity Description Code Trace Indicates information about each packet that traversed the 10 network Bay Networks recommends viewing this type of trap message only when diagnosing network problems Debug Indicates information that Bay Networks Customer Support 1 uses These messages are not documented For detailed information about entities and severity levels see Event Messages for Routers SNMP Trap Format Some third party network management applications such as NetExpert OpenView and SunNet let you trigger an operation when a specific SNMP trap is received This section
102. ket which is used to locate available DHCP servers on the network Table 2 4 describes the fields in a DHCP packet 2 20 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Table 2 4 Fields in a DHCP Packet Field Octets Description Operation 1 Message operation code or message type 1 BOOTREQUEST 2 BOOTREPLY Hardware type Hardware address type For example 1 10mb Ethernet Hardware address length Hardware address length For example 6 for 10mb Ethernet Hops DHOP client sets to zero Transaction ID A random number chosen by the client The DHCP client and the DHCP server use this number to associate messages and responses exchanged between them Seconds The number of seconds that elapsed since a client started trying to boot The client fills in this number Flags If the flags field contains the value 1 the client does not know its own IP address The router broadcasts the DHCPREPLY packets to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 If the flags field contains the value 0 the client knows its own IP address which appears in the client IP address field of the DHCPREPLY packet The router sends the DHCPREPLY packet to that IP address and the link layer address that appears in the client hardware address field Client IP address The DHCP client IP address This field is filled in only if the DHCP client is i
103. l Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the low threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a low threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 5 Threshold Low Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message the agent generates when a variable exceeds the low threshold Select Info if you want low threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want low threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want low threshold exceptions to generate events you use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 6 A 10 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Threshold Medium Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the medium threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a medium threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 7 Threshold M
104. le that exceeded the threshold the value of the variable and the threshold level exceeded 2 8 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts For example if the wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold variable has a value of 120 the agent generates an event message similar to the following 1 08 27 96 10 53 20 802 INFO SLOT 2 STA CODE 6 Object 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 4 10 1 24 with value 120 units hour is gt low threshold You can however identify objects more easily by configuring the software to report the object name rather than the OID in the event message To configure the software to report the object name in the event message use the Threshold Label parameter see page A 15 For example if you set the Threshold Label parameter to wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1 Threshold the agent generates an event message similar to the following 1 08 27 96 10 53 20 802 INFO SLOT 2 STA CODE 6 Object wfCctOptsCngcCfgQplThreshold with value 120 units hour is gt low threshold State of a Threshold If the collision rate stays above a threshold for an extended period of time the agent continues to generate a new event every 5 seconds You can specify the maximum number of event messages you want the agent to generate before it changes the threshold s state to held When the threshold is in a held state the agent does not generate new events unless the statistic exceeds the threshold at a diff
105. leges to all members of the community You can specify one of two types of access privileges to each community that you define read only or read write 3 10 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP By default the router grants read only access privileges to all members of an SNMP community Read only access allows members of a community to view configuration and performance information Set this parameter to read write to allow members of a community to view configuration and performance information and also change the configuration of a router Using the BCC By default the community has read only access To obtain read write access navigate to the community specific prompt and enter access readwrite For example the following command line allows read write access to the community Router1 community routerl access read write community routerl Using Site Manager To specify the access privilege for a community complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Add Community The SNMP Community window opens 7 Set the Access parameter Click on Help or see the parameter descri
106. longer displays the address pair 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling BootP Route Forwarding By default the route interface through which the router forwards BootP or DHCP packets to servers on the network is enabled You can disable BootP or DHCP packet forwarding through this route by setting the Enable Disable parameter to Disable To disable BootP router forwarding complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP System responds The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair you want 7 Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 19 8 Click on Apply 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Relay PVC If you intend to configure an AN router to use EZ Install over a frame relay PVC in group access
107. mitment before sending a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client Select Enable if you want the DHCP server to wait for the NetID Server Manager to confirm receipt of the successful lease commitment Select Disable if you want the DHCP server to immediately send back a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client without waiting for a commit succeeded acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 7 Max No Pending Leases Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global 2 1 to 255 Specifies the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager When the number of lease requests sent to the NetID Server Manager and pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager reaches this value the DHCP server holds all subsequent lease requests until the number of requests pending decreases to half this value Then the DHCP server begins transmitting requests to the NetID Server Manager again Accept the default 2 or specify a number from 1 to 255 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 8 A 26 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Debug Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP Global 0 1 to
108. mount of time in seconds that the router waits before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet out an interface by assigning a value to the Timeout Secs parameter If the value in the seconds field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is less than the value you specified for the Timeout Secs parameter you configured on the interface the router drops the packet The default value is 0 seconds To change the default specify a value from 1 to 65535 seconds 117362 C Rev 00 4 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To specify a minimum timeout value complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Set the Timeout Secs parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 17 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Relay Mode for Packet Forwarding BootP and DHCP use the BootP relay agent to forward packets You can allow the BootP relay agent to forward BootP DHCP packets or both by specifying the Pass Through Mod
109. n BOUND RENEW or REBINDING state and can respond to ARP requests Your IP address Your DHCP client IP address Gateway IP address IP address of the DHCP server to use in the next step of the client s bootstrap process The DHCP server returns this address when it sends DHCPOFFER and DHCPACK messages to the client Client hardware address The hardware address of the client continued 117362 C Rev 00 2 21 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Field Octets Description Server name 64 Optional DHCP server host name represented as a null terminated string File name 128 A boot file name Represented as a null terminated string ina DHCPDISCOVER message and a fully qualified directory path name ina DHCPOFFER message Options 312 Variable length optional parameters field The packet relay process uses these fields as follows 1 The BootP relay agent receives the packet and if it accepts the packet transmits it to DHCP servers on other networks DHCP servers on the local segment see the broadcast packet and respond with a DHCPOFFER packet that includes an available IP address and other configuration information Before offering the IP address the DHCP servers may generate an ARP or ICMP echo request on the network to determine whether the IP address is already in use by another device When a DHCP server offers an IP address tha
110. n a router see Configuring IP Utilities Configure the NetID Server Manager to communicate with the DHCP server For the DHCP server to operate you must first install the NetID Server Manager on a Unix or NT workstation and configure it to communicate with the DHCP server Typically you install the NetID Server Manager on the same workstation as the one that contains the NetID database Because the DHCP server uses the information in the NetID database to assign IP addresses and host configuration information you need to set up your network configuration using the NetID Management Console before the DHCP server can operate correctly Using the NetID Management Console you configure a DHCP server and make IP addresses available for dynamic allocation For more information about installing the NetID Server Manager and setting your network configuration using the NetID Management Console see the NetID System Administrator s Guide 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To create and enable the DHCP server on the router complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Create DHCP After you create and enable the DHCP server on
111. n the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP menu opens The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair you want 7 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 8 Click on Apply 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 5 4 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay To delete both BootP DHCP relay and BootP from an IP interface delete the BootP relay agent on that interface For instructions see Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface on page 4 18 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay Globally To delete BootP DHCP globally you must delete BootP globally For instructions see Deleting BootP Globally on page 4 18 117362 C Rev 00 5 5 Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server This chapter describes how to customize the DHCP server configuration on the router It assumes you have configured an IP interface using the default parameters and enabl
112. n whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Bay Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall not sublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Bay Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Bay Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Bay Networks and properly installed and operated on Bay Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Bay Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Bay Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free fr
113. nets and forwards DHCPREPLY packets back to DHCP clients You must enable the BootP relay agent on the interface to the subnet to be served and configure it with the IP address of the DHCP server For more information about configuring a BootP relay agent see Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets on page 5 2 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Figure 2 5 illustrates a BootP DHCP relay implementation DHCP client Kouter DHCP server Boot P al relay agent gt EO Sy l DHCP l client DC0005A Figure 2 5 BootP DHCP Relay Implementation DHCP Server Implementation The DHCP server implementation allows you configure a router to act as a DHCP server In this scenario the DHCP server acting in proxy fashion uses the NetID Server Manager to manage and maintain IP addresses and configuration information stored in its database see Figure 2 6 The DHCP server uses the information in the database to assign IP addresses and host configuration information to DHCP clients For more information about configuring a DHCP server see Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration on page 6 2 2 18 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Figure 2 6 illustrates a DHCP server implementation NetID Server Manager
114. nities by specifying the name of the community The community name can consist of up to 63 characters including embedded spaces Using the BCC To create a community name navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter community lt name gt name is any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces 117362 C Rev 00 3 9 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services For example the following commands create a community named Router1 and display its default values snmp community Router1 community Router1 info on snmp label routerl access read only scope type gt This function is not available Using Site Manager To specify the name of a community complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Add Community The SNMP Community window opens 7 Set the Community Name parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 8 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Community Access Privileges After you specify the name of the community you must assign access privi
115. nnot be offered to the client By default the DHCP server pings the IP address of a prospective DHCP client only once before declaring it available 6 4 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server To specify the number of times the DHCP server pings a prospective DHCP client complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols Choose Global Protocols The Protocols menu opens The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens Set the Number of Pings parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Changing the Ping Timeout Value The DHCP client typically waits three quarters of a second for a conflict detection ping to time out before determining that a DHCP server is unavailable to respond to its DHCPDISCOVER request If you want to change the length of time in milliseconds that the DHCP server waits specify a value between 1 and 5000 5 seconds To change the ping timeout value for the DHCP server complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols men
116. nother network management station during this time it issues an SNMP genErr GetResponse PDU which that station logs as an SNMP set error message Select Enable to prohibit the agent from responding to simultaneous SNMP commands from multiple network management stations 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 A 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Lock Time Out Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global 2 minutes 1 to 60 minutes Specifies the maximum number of minutes the agent allows an idle network management station to hold a lock on it During this time the agent locks out SNMP set commands from other network management stations The lock timer is reset each time the locking manager issues an SNMP set command Enter the number of minutes only if you set the Use Lock parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 4 Authentication Failure Traps Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the router attempts to generate an authentication failure trap when it receives an SNMP message from an SNMP manager falsely claiming to be in a particular community or specifying an unknown community Select Enable to enable the router to generate authent
117. ns 5 Set the Threshold Units parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 13 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Determining When to Record Threshold Events You can determine when the agent generates a threshold event by setting the Threshold Action parameter By default the agent generates a threshold event when the value of the variable you specify is greater than the threshold you specify If you want the agent to generate threshold events when the value of the variable is less than the threshold you specify set the Threshold Action parameter to Lessthan 3 32 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP To determine when to record threshold events complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Action parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 13 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Maximum Successive Alarms A maximum successive alarm represents two or more polling periods when the agent generates an alarm as a result of an excep
118. o configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Addresses window Input IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that receives BOOTREQUEST packets from clients Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 3 A 18 117362 C Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions Output IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that forwards BOOTREQUEST packets to an external network Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to send BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to servers and then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter If you want to use an unnumbered interface to send BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to servers you must set up a preferred server from the BOOTP Relay Agent Interfa
119. om defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Bay Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Bay Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Bay Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR
120. omplete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose BOOTP The IP menu opens The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Preferred Server Configuration window opens 7 Set the Relay Agent IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 22 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Target Server IP Address After you specify the relay agent IP address you must specify the IP address of the server that should receive the BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packet from the relay agent 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP To specify the target server IP address complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv T
121. ond to simultaneous SNMP set commands from multiple network management stations set the SNMP locking mechanism to Disable Using the BCC To disable the mechanism navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter lock disabled To reenable the lock mechanism navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter lock enabled Using Site Manager To enable and disable the SNMP lock mechanism complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Use Lock parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 3 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 3 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Specifying a Lock Address The default lock address is 0 0 0 0 To specify a lock address navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter lock address lt address gt address is an IP address in dotted decimal notation Note There is no Site Manager command for specifying a lock address Specifying a Lock Timeout Value If the SNMP locking mechanism is enabled you can customize the lock timeout period The lock timeout period is the maximum number of minutes the SNMP agent allo
122. ootP relay agent forwarding table for each router in the path Enabling BootP on Router Interfaces Before you enable BootP on router interfaces make sure that the router is in forwarding mode Setting the router to forwarding mode allows the BootP relay agent to route forward all BOOTREQUEST packets and to process both broadcast packets and all packets explicitly addressed to it For instructions on configuring the router in forwarding mode see Configuring IP Services You must enable BootP also called BootP pass through or gateway on all interfaces in the paths between the routers and the BootP server For example you would enable BootP on the interfaces indicated in Figure 4 1 117362 C Rev 00 4 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Booting routers Enable BOOTP on these interfaces BOOTP server fr Corporate backbone C inn NPAOO07A Figure 4 1 Enabling BootP in a Sample Network 4 6 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP To enable BootP on an interface complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window click on the connector The Edit Connector window opens 2 Choose Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 4 Choose Add The Select Protocols window opens 5
123. ow opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Addresses window opens 7 Set the following parameters Input IP Address Output IP Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 19 8 Click on OK The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table opens 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting an IP Interface Input Output Address Pair To delete an input output address pair from the BootP relay agent forwarding table complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair you want to delete continued 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 7 Click on Delete System responds The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window no
124. p Types Transmitted by the SNMP Agent Trap Type Description Generic This is the default trap type It transmits the well defined SNMP traps cold start warm start and authentication failure traps to the manager The cold start and warm start traps are automatically active in the SNMP agent however you must enable the Authentication Failure Traps attribute for the agent to transmit such traps to a specified manager Specific Allows you to configure the agent software to transmit all enabled log event traps to a specified manager All Allows you to transmit cold start and warm start traps and all enabled log event traps to a specified manager None Prohibits the SNMP agent from transmitting traps to a specified manager Using the BCC By default the SNMP agent transmits Generic traps to the manager To specify a different type of trap navigate to the manager specific prompt and enter traps lt trap_type gt trap_type is Generic Specific All or None For example the following command sequence causes the SNMP agent to transmit Specific traps to manager 2 2 2 2 manager routerl 2 2 2 2 traps specific manager routerl 2 2 2 2 3 16 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Using Site Manager To specify a trap type complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choo
125. ption on page A 5 8 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 3 11 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Deleting an SNMP Community You can delete an SNMP community to which the agent responds or sends traps Using the BCC To delete an SNMP community navigate to the community specific prompt and enter delete For example the following command line deletes the community Router community routerl delete snmp Using Site Manager To delete an SNMP community complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 5 Select the community you want to delete 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens The Delete Community window opens 6 Verify that the correct community name appears on the window Click on Cancel if you do not want to delete the selected community Click on Delete Configuration Manager removes the community from the list Configuring SNMP Community Managers This section describes how to add and delete SNMP community members managers It also describes how to configure managers to receive traps from the SNMP agent 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing
126. r Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 6 7 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 5 Set the Max No Pending Leases parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 System responds Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Specifying the Debug Level You can determine the debug messaging level you want to display in the log file for the DHCP server by entering a number from 1 to 10 Normally only debug messages with a debug level of 0 are written to the log file Specifying a higher debug level causes additional messages to appear in the log file Because additional information can rapidly fill the log file and cause loss of other information change the debug level only to resolve critical problems To specify the debug messaging level you want complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Pro
127. r default values see Chapters 3 to 7 For information about changing the default settings see Appendix A 117362 C Rev 00 1 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Starting Configuration Tools Before configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP services refer to the following user guides for instructions on how to start and use the Bay Networks configuration tool of your choice Configuration Tool User Guide Bay Command Console BCC Using the Bay Command Console AN BN Routers Site Manager Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager These guides also describe generically how to create or modify a device configuration Configuring IP for Global Protocols SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP services all use the Internet Protocol IP for message transport Before you configure SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP services using the BCC or Site Manager you must first start IP on the router Using Site Manager Before you can select a protocol to run on the router you must configure a circuit that the protocol can use as an interface to an attached network For information and instructions see Configuring WAN Line Services and Configuring Ethernet FDDI and Token Ring Services 1 2 117362 C Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services When you have successfully configured the circuit the Select Protocols window opens Proceed as follows Site Manager Procedure You do this
128. r gt integer is a number from 1 to 9999 For example the following command line causes the SNMP agent to transmit traps to manager 2 2 2 2 on port number 150 manager routerl 2 2 2 2 trap port 150 manager routerl 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the port number on the managing station on which the SNMP agent transmits traps complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities 5 Choose Community The SNMP Community List window opens The Community menu opens 6 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Select the manager you want to edit 8 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 9 Choose Edit Manager The SNMP Manager window opens 10 Set the Trap Port parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 11 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 3 15 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Specifying a Trap Type You can specify one of four types of traps that the SNMP agent can transmit to the manager Generic Specific All or None Table 3 2 describes these trap options Table 3 2 Tra
129. re You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the following parameters Threshold Low Event Level Threshold Medium Event Level Threshold High Event Level Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 10 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Threshold Units You can specify the units used to determine whether a variable has exceeded a threshold To generate a threshold event when the variable s rate of change per second reaches one of the thresholds set the Threshold Units parameter to Persecond To generate a threshold event when the value of the variable reaches one of the three thresholds set the Threshold Units parameter to Absolute 117362 C Rev 00 3 31 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To specify threshold units complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window ope
130. reement contact Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway PO Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 117362 C Rev 00 Contents Preface ei ie lems 0 125 E E E T eer etree A Toten nt TE E A tere cnr Tree i TT Caen oNE smaram A tet trrrres tern tte rerr tre errr ii PO NTI a santiss tea pee ae ue adeTNNS iii Bay Networks Technical Publication sssini tunini annan aa iv Fow to Get HEI gronna a dace iv Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Staring Coniguralon TODS sissanta O e Na 1 2 Goniiguring IP for Global Fralocole srurasinsn a iE 1 2 Step 1 Configuring a Physical InterfatE sisrnseisinsn naninira ienna 1 3 Step 2 Configuring an IP Merat seisein aa 1 4 Srina ANMP SG vrari NN N 1 4 G stomizng SNMP SEICE suoria Wiaaetreuacontl statements 1 6 Staring Eoul SENVIGOS raiione aeaa E EEEa 1 6 Enabling BootF on an ternate sasien a 1 6 Customiz
131. rs After you have enabled RARP services on your router see Chapter 1 you can customize the router software for your specific requirements Use the remaining sections in this chapter as a guide Disabling and Reenabling RARP Interfaces You can disable or reenable individual RARP interfaces by selecting them from a list of interfaces in the RARP Interface Table To disable and reenable RARP interfaces complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens ay eo hy Choose Interface Table Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 28 The RARP Interface Table window opens 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 7 2 117362 C Rev 00 Defining the RARP Mapping Table Customizing RARP The RARP mapping table lists the clients on the network that use the router s RARP services You define the router s MAC address to IP address RARP mapping table by specifying the MAC addresses of clients and the corresponding IP addresses that the RARP server assigns to those clients Specifying the Client s MAC Address You must specify the MAC address of each client that will us
132. rt and warm start traps are automatically active in the SNMP agent however you must enable the Authentication Failure Traps global parameter for the agent to send such traps to this manager Select Specific to configure the agent software to send all enabled log event traps to this manager Select All to send cold start traps warm start traps and all enabled log event traps to this manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 3 1 6 A 6 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Parameter Descriptions SNMP Trap Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP trap interface parameters in the Add Trap window Entity Code Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Any valid entity code Specifies the entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception Enter the entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception See Event Messages for Routers for entity codes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 3 Event Code Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Any valid event code number Specifies the code number for the event for which you want to configure an exception Ent
133. rting 1 11 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol See RARP S Simple Network Management Protocol See SNMP SNMP adding a community 3 9 adding a manager using Site Manager 3 13 using the BCC 3 13 adding a threshold 3 28 agents 2 1 applications 2 1 community 2 4 community managers 3 12 configuring a manager to receive traps using Site Manager 3 15 using the BCC 3 15 configuring trap exceptions 3 23 deleting a community using Site Manager 3 12 using the BCC 3 12 deleting a manager using Site Manager 3 18 deleting trap exceptions 3 26 117362 C Rev 00 determining when to record threshold events 3 32 disabling a trap entity 3 22 disabling and reenabling using Site Manager 3 3 using the BCC 3 3 disabling thresholds 3 27 enabling authentication failure traps using Site Manager 3 8 using the BCC 3 7 enabling SNMP lock mechanism using Site Manager 3 4 using the BCC 3 4 enabling thresholds for a variable 3 29 global parameters customizing 3 3 implementation notes 2 4 to 2 9 messages GetNextRequest 2 2 GetRequest 2 2 network elements 2 1 network management station 2 1 overview 2 1 security 2 3 setting the threshold polling level 3 27 specifying a lock address 3 6 specifying a lock timeout value using Site Manager 3 7 using the BCC 3 6 specifying a threshold object name 3 35 specifying a trap entity using the BCC 3 19 specifying a trap type using Site Manager 3 17 using
134. rver Manager manages and maintains IP addresses and configuration information and allocates IP addresses to the DHCP server The NetID Server Manager polls the database periodically and sends configuration changes to the appropriate DHCP servers The DHCP servers send updated information to the NetID Server Manager and the Server Manager puts this information into the database 2 16 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts For example when the DHCP server starts up it connects to the NetID Server Manager and requests its configuration The DHCP server assigns IP addresses to clients that request an address using the DHCP protocol When the DHCP server assigns an IP address to a client it sends the client s host name and IP address to the NetID Server Manager The NetID Server Manager then sends this information to the database The primary benefit of the NetID Server Manager is that it reduces the load on the database because every DHCP server is not polling for configuration changes and does not require an active resource consuming connection to the database It also reduces the load on the network because it is the only component that polls the database for configuration changes BootP DHCP Relay Implementation The BootP DHCP relay implementation allows you to configure a router to act as a BootP relay agent The BootP relay agent forwards DHCPREQUEST packets to DHCP servers on other sub
135. s Client broadcasts a request to boot from a remote server BOOTREQUEST lt q _ Server sends acknowledgment to the client BOOTREPLY Client Server SNM0002A Figure 2 2 BootP Client and Server on the Same Physical Network If however the client and the server are on different physical networks a BootP relay agent also known as a BootP gateway must forward BootP packets to their correct destinations When you configure a Bay Networks router for BootP services the router acts as a BootP relay agent Figure 2 3 illustrates how BootP works when the client and the server are on different physical networks 2 10 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Server 1 Client broadcasts 2 BOOTP relay E a request to boot from a agent transmits remote server BOOTREQUEST A Client BOOTREQUEST packet to servers Word on other networks gt gt E z lt s lt 4 BOOTP relay 3 Server transmits il agent transmits BOOTREPLY BOOTREPLY packet to BOOTP k lient ee Router BOOTP relay agent relay agent Figure 2 3 BootP Client and Server on Different Physical Networks The client transmits a BOOTREQUEST packet to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 The router rec
136. se ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens 4 Choose Map Table The RARP Map Table window opens 5 Click on Add The RARP Addresses window opens 6 Set the IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 29 7 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 7 4 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing RARP Disabling RARP Globally To globally disable RARP from all router interfaces on which it is configured complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens 4 Choose Globals The Edit RARP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Enable Disable parameter to Disable 6 Click on OK The Configuration Manager disables RARP on all router interfaces and returns you to the Configuration Manager window Deleting RARP Globally To globally delete RARP from all router interfaces on which it is configured complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens 4 Choose Delete RARP A confirmation window opens
137. se Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Select the manager you want to edit 8 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 9 Choose Edit Manager The SNMP Manager window opens 10 Set the Trap Types parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 11 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting a Manager You can delete a manager from its associated community by deleting the manager s IP address from the list of SNMP managers 117362 C Rev 00 3 17 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Using the BCC To delete a manager navigate to the manager specific prompt and enter delete For example the following command line causes the SNMP agent to delete the manager 2 2 2 2 from the community router manager routerl 2 2 2 2 delete community routerl Using Site Manager To delete a manager complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The S
138. se permanent addresses or you can assign fixed addresses to specific clients When a lease expires the DHCP client can contact the DHCP server to renew the lease Typically the client attempts to renew the lease halfway through the lease period For example if the client is granted an address with a lease time of one hour it asks to renew the address approximately half an hour after the client has started to use it 117362 C Rev 00 2 15 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services If the client does not receive an answer from the DHCP server perhaps because the server is down at the renewal time it can attempt to reacquire configuration parameters and an IP address from another server or let the lease lapse returning the IP address to a client pool The client pool is a group of one or more client IDs or MAC addresses maintained by a DHCP server DHCP Components The Bay Networks implementation of DHCP consists of the following components e DHCP clients e DHCP server e NetID Server Manager The sections that follow describe these components in detail DHCP Clients A DHCP client is a host that uses DHCP to obtain configuration information such as an IP address from a DHCP server DHCP Server A DHCP server is a host that provides IP addresses and configuration parameters to DHCP clients NetID Server Manager The Server Manager operates as an interface between the DHCP server see Figure 2 6 The NetID Se
139. seneees 4 2 Disabling and Reenabling BootP n icciscsssieiassqcestianeieatsioediin ieaeisteasassieseesienie 4 2 Specifying Maximum Number of Hops from Client to Server re R 4 2 Specifying a Minimum Timeout Yale sessist 4 3 Specifying the Relay Mode for Packet Forwarding cccccccsccccssseesseeecssseeseseeeeens 4 4 Setting Up the Routing Path Between Me BootF ay and Me PIS waranian biniien a kandaki Reka 4 5 Enabling BootP on Router Interfaces sssssrarsnssrsrsnsenrrissnusrsenrniiannnssias T an 4D Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Panat E E 4 7 Creating a BootP Relay Agent Forwarding Table cccccesceeeeeeeeseeeeteeeeeessaeeseaes 4 8 Specifying the IP Interface Input Output Address Pair csceeeseeeesteeeeeees 4 8 Deleting an IP Interface Input Output Address Pair cccceceeseseeeeeteeeeeneeeees 4 9 Disabling BootP Route Forwarding daina oa ere PAT eae 4 10 Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Fielay PVC E T 4 11 Creating a BootP Client Interface Table cccccecceeecceeececeeeeeeseeeeeeetaeeeeeeeseeeees 4 11 Specifying the Client IP Address Cer ere reer crn ric ter meee 4 11 Speciying ihe DLT NUMDEF oriin damit 4 12 Specifying Servers for BootP Services ccccsecsscesncenssecneaensenneseecsnsesneansaeesneneneeee 4 13 Configuring Booth Preferred Serveis sccsscancesccccrsciesclentiedartibertesae annia ainiaan 4 13 Specifying the
140. server complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens continued 6 6 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Safe Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Specifying Maximum Number of Pending Leases By default the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager is 2 You can increase the maximum number of pending leases by specifying a number from 1 to 255 When the number of lease requests sent to the NetID Server Manager and pending commitment by the Server Manager reaches this value the DHCP server holds all subsequent lease requests When the number of pending request decreases to half this value the DHCP server begins forwarding requests to the NetID Server Manager again To specify the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment complete the tasks in the following table Site Manage
141. sing a Get Response message to the management application In addition an agent may issue a trap to the network management station to identify a condition such as a threshold that exceeds a predefined value 2 2 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts SNMP management station Network or SNMP agent Managed resources SNMP managed objects 8 es TA v 5log fon oO O D ao O Q Q r 8 S e 2i a c ir oO T 29 D O 0 SNMP agent UDP IP Management application lt Application D manages objects D D O fe n 2 5 ag o Z a oO O D X O Q a clix P 3s s D oO o e 9 Z a 5 0 SNMP manager alae i ei gt SNMP messages UDP IP Network dependent protocols Network dependent protocols internetwork Figure 2 1 Role of SNMP SNMP Communities SNM00012A For security reasons the SNMP agent validates each request from an SNMP manager before responding to the request by verifying that the manager belongs to a valid SNMP community 117362 C Rev 00 2 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services An SNMP community is a logical relationship between an SNMP agent and one or more SNMP managers You define communities locally at the agent The agent establishes one community for each desired combination of authentication and access control characteristics You
142. ss gt e j lt RARP response 192 32 2 23 m LILLI ae Router RARP server Server SNMO0007A Figure 2 11 RARP Server Supplying an IP Address 117362 C Rev 00 2 29 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To use RARP services you must set up a MAC address to IP address mapping table This table lists the MAC addresses of clients and the corresponding IP addresses that the RARP server assigns to those clients When a client needs to acquire an IP address the following interchange takes place 1 The client broadcasts a RARP request specifying its MAC address 2 Upon receiving a RARP request the router refers to its MAC address to IP address mapping table then sends the client a response packet containing the corresponding IP address 3 The client examines the response packet to learn its IP address You can configure RARP support on Ethernet and token ring interfaces and on the Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDDI 2 30 117362 C Rev 00 Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP This chapter describes how to customize SNMP services It assumes you have configured an IP interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the SNMP concepts in Chapter 2 Topic Page Configuring SNMP Using the BCC and Site Manager 3 2 Customizing SNMP Global Parameters 3 3 Adding SNMP Communities 3
143. ssessteeeeseneees 3 16 Table B 1 SNMP Global PAPAMGIGIS sicseciiivesrcetivessiiasixiesicamioesrtiarives iiaii B 1 Table B 2 SNMP Community Parameters sa sescdescscsss snevidocetassiseascocevdeeenwearaxcscnmamneains B 1 Table B 3 SNMP Manager Parain ters oneik B 2 Table B 4 SNMP Trap Interface Parameters sesisuriisesorinnsssnrnisannaisicsinnositasiiaiinna B 2 Table B 5 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters ccccccccessseeeeesssseeeeeessteeeeeeeees B 2 Table B 6 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters ccccccsssceceesesseeeeseseseeeeeseaes B 2 Table B 7 BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters cccccescceeeeestseeeeeeneneees B 3 Table B 8 Booi Andress PArAiniGl ere cccsscassacs saxacnsensciatosnndcieacsunteaseanerdeinccqnaesuecameet B 3 Table B 9 BootP Client Interface Address Parameters c cccccccssseeeeseetteeeeeenees B 4 Table B 10 BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters ere secede B 4 Table B 11 DHCP Global Parameters sisssaisesiidsasssieitsassestascasesdiisavavennlaaasbeniaaasventenn B 4 Table B 12 RARP Interface Parameters s ccccsssccsnscissin lt eniivuisiesiniietsaerinivtonuberioodyndaneys B 5 Table B 13 RARP Address Parameteis neeroocnionsmvisieiseraci niasa B 5 117362 C Rev 00 xiii Preface This guide describes Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Bootstrap Protocol BootP BootP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Relay DHCP server and Reverse Address Resol
144. stem responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Polling Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Adding a Threshold To add a threshold complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens field 4 Choose Global The Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window opens 5 Click on Add The Threshold Configuration window opens displaying a list of all MIB objects the agent supports 6 Select the object to which you want to The object appears in the Object field apply a threshold 7 Enter the instance identifier in the Instance continued 3 28 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 8 Click on Save System responds The Threshold Interface Lists window opens again 9 Click on Apply
145. t An entity is the software that generates a message Entities include Bay Networks software dedicated to the operation of a software service such as TFTP and IP Each entity contains a specific code that corresponds to the event you want to configure The entity code together with the event code uniquely identifies the event you want to configure as a trap For a complete list of entities both their abbreviations and full names and associated entity codes refer to Event Messages for Routers After you specify the number of the slot on which the trap will be received you specify the entity name for which you want to configure traps Using the BCC To specify a trap entity based on slot and protocol entity enter the following command at the SNMP prompt trap entity entity lt entity_number gt slot lt s ot_number gt entity_number is the code assigned to the entity issuing the event that uniquely identifies an event sfot_number is the number of the slot on which the trap will be received 117362 C Rev 00 3 19 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services For example the following command line causes the SNMP agent to send to a network management station a trap for the IP protocol entity 2 on slot 2 snmp trap entity entity 2 slot 2 trap entity 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a trap entity complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1
146. t a BOOTREQUEST packet through normal IP services to that server For instructions see Specifying Servers for BootP Services on page 4 13 To allow DHCP operation be sure to set the Pass Through Mode parameter in the BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window to DHCP To define a preferred DHCP server complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 5 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 6 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 System responds 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP Interface To delete BootP DHCP relay from an IP interface while maintaining BootP on that interface set the Pass Through Mode parameter in the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window to BOOTP To delete BootP DHCP relay from an IP interface complete the tasks i
147. t address is temporarily unavailable to other clients If the client does not accept or reject the address within a certain period of time the server reclaims it The address is then available for other clients The BootP relay agent receives the DHCPOFFER packet and examines the packet If the BootP relay agent accepts the packet it forwards it to the client If a client does not receive a DHCPOFFER packet within a specified amount of time after broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet it sends the packet again The client may rebroadcast the packet a number of times However clients operating on systems running Windows 95 broadcast 4 DHCPDISCOVER packets each two seconds apart The client may receive DHCPOFFER packets from several potential servers If you configure the client to wait for multiple responses it compares configuration parameters in the DHCPOFFER packets to decide which server to target 2 22 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts Requesting and Receiving IP Information Figure 2 8 shows the next stage of the process for requesting and receiving IP information using a BootP relay agent DHCP 1 Client broadcasts 2 BootP relay agent server DHCP a DHCPREQUEST transmits DHCPREQUEST client packet packet to all servers that supplied a boy DHCPOFFER packet E gt
148. t format is based on a BootP packet As a result DHCP uses the BootP relay agent to forward DHCP packets This scheme provides interoperability between the existing BootP clients and DHCP servers The BootP relay agent uses the same criteria and methods for forwarding both DHCP and BootP packets For information about the packet relay process see BootP Relay Agent Overview on page 2 10 Why Use DHCP Each DCHP client on the network requires its own IP address and configuration information The DHCP client s IP address is the identifier that other networked devices use to recognize the client on the network The client s configuration information includes the network domain name the address of the network servers and gateways and the subnet mask Without DHCP each time you add a client to its network you must manually assign an IP address and configuration information to the client When clients change offices or users or leave the network altogether the configuration information changes as well DHCP facilitates network management by automating and centralizing IP address administration and by providing IP configuration information automatically to each networked device when it is needed 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay DHCP Server and RARP Concepts DHCP can allocate three types of IP addresses to DHCP clients static DHCP addresses dynamic DHCP addresses and static BootP addressess Table 2 3 des
149. t from an IP Interface 4 18 Deleting BootP Globally 4 18 117362 C Rev 00 4 1 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters After you have configured all the IP interfaces for BootP services you can configure BootP relay agent parameters for all of these IP interfaces The BootP relay agent is responsible for transmitting BOOTREQUEST packets to servers on the network and for transmitting BOOTREPLY packets to clients Disabling and Reenabling BootP When you enable IP on an interface BootP is automatically enabled on that interface and default values are in effect for all BootP parameters see Appendix B for parameter defaults To disable or reenable BootP complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you have configured for BOOTP services on the router 5 Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 16 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Maximum Number of Hops from Client to Serv
150. t the BOOTREPLY packets through normal IP services to the address of the first interface that received the BOOTREQUEST packet That address appears in the gateway IP address field in the BOOTREQUEST packet When the router that first received the BOOTREQUEST packet receives the BOOTREPLY packet it examines the gateway IP address field to check that the value in this field is the same as the IP destination address that the server used for the packet If the addresses differ the router discards the BOOTREPLY packet If the router accepts the packet it examines the flags field and forwards the packet to the client as follows e If the flags field contains the value 1 the client does not know its own IP address The router broadcasts the BOOTREPLY packets to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 117362 C Rev 00 2 13 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services e If the flags field contains the value 0 the client knows its own IP address which appears in the client IP address field of the BOOTREPLY packet The router sends the BOOTREPLY packet to that IP address and the link layer address that appears in the client hardware address field DHCP Overview DHCP described in RFC 1541 is an extension of BootP and is built on the client server mode DHCP allows designated DHCP servers to automatically assign IP addresses and host names to dynamically configured DHCP clients for a pre defined period of time The DHCP packe
151. tP and DHCP Table B 7 BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Enable Hops 4 Timeout Secs 0 seconds Pass Through Mode BOOTP Interface Priority 0 DHCP Server Enable Disable 117362 C Rev 00 Table B 8 BootP Address Parameters Parameter Default Input IP Address None Output IP Address None continued B 3 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Table B 8 BootP Address Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Enable Pass Through Mode BOOTP Table B 9 BootP Client Interface Address Parameters Parameter Default IP Address None DLCI Number None Table B 10 BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters Parameter Default Relay Agent IP Address None Target Server IP Address None Enable Disable Enable Target Name None Pass Through Mode BOOTP Table B 11 DHCP Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Server Manager IP Address 0 0 0 0 DHCP Server TCP Port Number 0 Number of Pings 1 Ping Timeout 750 Safe Mode Enable B 4 117362 C Rev 00 Default Parameter Settings Table B 11 DHCP Global Parameters Parameter Default Max No Pending Leases 2 Debug Level 0 Local IP Address 0 0 0 0 RARP Parameters Tables B 12 and B 13 list the Site Manager default parameter settings for RARP
152. terface This maximum value is specified by the wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold MIB object Using the threshold parameters you set a threshold for wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold equal to 205 You also set the polling interval to 20 seconds to indicate that every 20 seconds the agent should check variables for which you have configured thresholds You set the threshold action to Greaterthan and set the threshold levels and severity of events to the values shown in Table 2 2 Table 2 2 Example of Threshold and Severity Settings Threshold Level Low Medium High Depth of Priority 102 153 205 1 transmit 40 of capacity 60 of capacity 80 of capacity queue Severity of event INFO INFO WARNING When you add this threshold to the MIB the agent polls the variable wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold every 20 seconds and responds as follows e If its value is greater than 102 but less than or equal to 153 the manager logs an informational event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the low threshold e If its value is greater than 153 but less than or equal to 205 the manager logs an informational event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the medium threshold e If its value is greater than 205 the manager logs a warning event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the high threshold Event Message Format By default the threshold event messages include the MIB object identifier OID of the variab
153. the BCC 3 16 specifying a value for the threshold level 3 30 specifying an SNMP community name using Site Manager 3 9 using the BCC 3 9 specifying community access privileges using Site Manager 3 11 using the BCC 3 11 specifying polling intervals for help variables 3 34 specifying the severity level using Site Manager 3 21 using the BCC 3 21 specifying the severity level for event messages 3 30 specifying threshold units 3 31 traps 2 2 2 5 117362 C Rev 00 SNMP messages SetRequest 2 2 SNMP parameters defaults B 1 threshold interface Threshold Action A 13 Threshold High Event Level A 12 Threshold High Value A 12 Threshold Label A 15 Threshold Low Event Level A 10 Threshold Low Value A 10 Threshold Max Successive Alarms A 14 Threshold Medium Event Level A 11 Threshold Medium Value A 11 Threshold Units A 13 SNMP thresholds configuring 3 26 starting DHCP 1 8 IP 1 2 RARP services 1 11 Subnet Mask parameter IP configuration 1 3 support Bay Networks iv T technical publications iv technical support iv text conventions ii Threshold Action parameter A 13 Threshold High Event Level parameter A 12 Threshold High Value parameter A 12 Threshold Label parameter 2 9 A 15 Threshold Low Event Level parameter A 10 Threshold Low Value parameter A 10 Threshold Max Successive Alarms parameter A 14 Threshold Medium Event Level parameter A 11 Threshold Medium Value parameter A 11 thr
154. the following table to disable and reenable SNMP Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 3 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Caution When you disable the SNMP agent in dynamic mode you immediately prohibit Site Manager from communicating with the router and will disconnect your Site Manager session Enabling and Disabling SNMP Lock Mechanism The SNMP locking mechanism prohibits the SNMP agent from responding to multiple network management stations issuing simultaneous SNMP set commands to the router The SNMP locking mechanism is enabled by default This means that the SNMP agent identifies the station from which it receives the next SNMP set command and for a time equal to the value of the Lock TimeOut parameter responds only to SNMP set commands from that station If the agent receives an SNMP set command from another network management station during this time it issues an SNMP genErr GetResponse PDU which that station logs as an SNMP Set Error message 3 4 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP To allow the SNMP agent to resp
155. tion at the same threshold level You can specify an integer to determine the maximum number of successive alarms that the agent generates for a variable When the agent exceeds the maximum number of alarms it marks the threshold as held The agent generates no more alarms until the variable either crosses the threshold at a different level or crosses no threshold for the number of polling intervals equal to the value of the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter 117362 C Rev 00 3 33 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services To specify the maximum number of successive alarms complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Max Successive Alarms parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 14 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables You can specify an integer value to determine the number of exception free polling intervals through which a variable in a held state must pass before the variable is no longer considered held The lower the number you specify th
156. to a server by configuring filters for these specific packets You configure this type of filter by setting the Pass Through Mode parameter in Site Manager The default setting is BootP and allows the interface to transmit only BootP packets Be sure to change the setting if you want to transmit DHCP messages To filter BootP and DHCP packets complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens 6 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface To delete a BootP relay agent from an IP interface complete the tasks in the following table Deleting BootP Globally Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOT
157. tocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens Set the Debug Level parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window 6 8 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server Specifying the IP Address for the DHCP Server To ensure that the DHCP server can communicate with the NetID Server Manager you must specify a local IP address that the DHCP server can use to identify itself to the NetID Server Manager This address must correspond to the address of an actual local IP interface configured on the router This address cannot be a circuitless IP address To specify a local IP address for the DHCP server complete the tasks in the following table You do this Site Manager Procedure System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Local IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Deleting the DHCP Server on the Router To delete the DHCP server on th
158. ts the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Bay Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Bay Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy i
159. u opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens continued 117362 C Rev 00 6 5 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Ping Timeout parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK Site Manager saves your changes and exits the window Specifying the DHCP Server Operating Mode By default the mode in which the DHCP server operates is called Safe Mode When Safe Mode is enabled the DHCP server cannot acknowledge the DHCP client s lease request until it receives a successful lease commit acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager Typically you can enable Safe Mode when you want to ensure that the client receives only successful committed leases from the DHCP server and the NetID Server Manager When Safe Mode is disabled the DHCP server immediately returns a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client in response to its lease request without having to wait for a successful commit acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager With Safe Mode disabled the DHCP server still can assign IP addresses to clients even if it has temporarily lost communication with the NetID Server Manager To enable or disable Safe Mode on the DHCP
160. ution Protocol RARP services and what you need to do to start and customize them on a Bay Networks router You can use the Bay Command Console BCC or Site Manager to configure SNMP services on a router on a router you must use Site Manager to configure BootP DHCP relay DHCP server and RARP services In this guide you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site Manager Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router see the installation guide that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 117362 C Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP DHCP and RARP Services Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions angle brackets lt gt Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is ping lt p_address gt you enter ping 192 32 10 12 bold text Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example
161. ware Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Bay Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Bay Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Bay
162. window After you specify the IP address and host name of the target server the BootP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window shows the address pair you added and default values for the Enable Disable and Pass Through Mode parameters Disabling the Forwarding Route By default BootP and DHCP forwarding is enabled for the route that you configured You can disable BootP or DHCP forwarding on this route if you choose by setting the Enable Disable parameter to Disable To disable the forwarding router complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table opens continued 4 16 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing BootP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 6 Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 System responds 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Filtering BootP and DHCP Packets You can control whether an interface transmits BootP packets DHCP packets or both
163. ws an idle network management station to hold a lock on it During this time the SNMP agent locks out SNMP set commands from other network management stations The lock timer is reset each time the locking manager issues an SNMP set command By default the SNMP agent allows an idle network management station to hold a lock on it for 2 minutes To change the default lock timeout period specify a value from 1 to 60 minutes Using the BCC To specify the number of seconds navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter lock timeout lt nteger gt integer is the number of seconds 3 6 117362 C Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Using Site Manager To specify a lock timeout value complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Lock Time Out parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 4 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Traps The router generates an authentication failure trap when it receives an SNMP message from an SNMP manager falsely claiming to be in a particular community or specifying an unknown community When you

Avaya Configuring SNMP, BOOTP, DHCP, and RARP Services User's Manual

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