Home

Avaya Configuring BOOTP Services User's Manual

1. 2 21 Figure 2 8 DHCP Server Implementation esses 2 23 Figure 2 9 Identifying Routers Configured As DHCP Servers sss 2 24 Figure 2 10 Requesting and Receiving IP Information DHCP Server 2 26 Figure 4 1 Enabling BootP in a Sample Network seseeeeneee 4 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 xi Tables Table 2 1 CC OVES s MT 2 6 Table 2 2 Example of Threshold and Severity Settings ssssus 2 8 Table 2 3 IP Address Types Allocated by DHGOP 1 eterne 2 15 Table 2 4 Fieldsin S DHCP PAGE Lanassscspxeroisxdpoadis aacra Hog E Rip pp 2 19 Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks E SRRI NE aporna sondasbiaaiads 3 2 Table 3 2 Trap Types Sent by the SNMP Agent ccccccccssseceeeeesteeeeeeestteeeeseenaees 3 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00 xiii Preface This guide describes Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Bootstrap Protocol BootP BootP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP relay and DHCP server and what you need to do to start and customize them on a Nortel Networks router You can use the Bay Command Console BCC or Site Manager to configure these services on a router In this guide you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site Manager Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router
2. You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the DHCP Server IP Address To ensure that the DHCP server on the router can communicate with the NetID Server Manager you must specify a local IP address that the DHCP server can use to identify itself to the NetID Server Manager This address must correspond to the address of an actual local IP interface configured on the router This address cannot be a circuitless IP address 6 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server To specify a local IP address for the DHCP server complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Local IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 27 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the DHCP Server TCP Port Number To allow the DHCP server to communicate with the NetID Server Manager using TCP you must specify a remote TCP port number on the DHCP server This number must match the port number that you specify on the NetID Server Manager You specify the TCP port number on the NetID Server Manager when you install the NetID
3. Defining DHCP Servers You return to the Configuration Manager window If DHCP clients obtain IP addresses and other configuration information from a DHCP server on a different subnet connected through a router then you must define a DHCP preferred server by specifying the IP address of the BootP relay agent on the local router and the IP address of the target server The router can then unicast a DHCP packet through normal IP services to that server For instructions see Specifying Servers for BootP Services on page 4 14 To allow DHCP operation complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window opens Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 6 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 7 Click on Apply System responds 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP I
4. Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks continued Task BCC Site Manager Determining When to Record Threshold Events v Specifying the Maximum Number of Successive V Alarms Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables v Specifying a Threshold Object Name v Customizing SNMP Global Parameters You can enable SNMP services most easily by accepting all the default parameter values However you may want to change these values depending on your network requirements Disabling and Reenabling SNMP When you enable IP on an interface SNMP access is automatically enabled through that interface You can disable and reenable SNMP on the router Using the BCC To disable SNMP navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and enter disable For example the following command disables SNMP snmp disable To reenable SNMP navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter enable For example the following commands reenable SNMP and display its default values snmp enable snmp info lock enabled lock address 0 0 0 0 lock timeout 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services authentication traps enabled type of service reliability state enabled snmp Using Site Manager To disable or reenable SNMP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Pr
5. BootP and DHCP Parameters This section describes the parameters you use to configure BootP DHCP relay for your router BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window Parameter Enable Disable Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Specifies whether BootP is active on the network interface Instructions Select Enable to enable BootP on the network interface Select Disable to MIB Object ID disable BootP on the network interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 2 Parameter Hops Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Default 4 Options 1 to 16 Function Specifies the maximum number of hops from the client to the server A hop is the logical distance between two devices If the value in the hops field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is greater than the number that you specify for this parameter the router drops the packet Instructions Accept the default of 4 hops or specify a number from 1 through 16 MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 5 A 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter
6. Index Unique numeric value that has a one to one correspondence with the community name Community Name Community Access Name of the community Access privileges that the router grants to all members of this community as follows e SNMP Manager Information Manager Address Manager Name Trap Port Trap Type e Community Name Read All members of this community can only view configuration and performance information about this router Read Write All members of this community can both view configuration and performance information about this router and change the router s configuration IP address of this manager Name of this manager UDP port on which this manager is listening for traps Valid trap types to be sent to the manager as follows None Prohibits the agent software from transmitting traps to this manager Generic Lets the agent software transmit the well defined SNMP traps coldStart warmStart egpNeighborLoss linkUp linkDown authenticationFailure and enterpriseSpecific to the manager Specific Lets the agent software transmit all enabled log event traps to this manager All Transmits both generic and specific trap types to this manager Name of the community 308644 14 00 Rev 00 show snmp stats SNMP show Commands The show snmp stats command displays statistics about the protocol data units PDUs received and forwarded by SNMP The output includes
7. Specifies the entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception Enter the entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception For entity codes see the event database 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 3 Event Code Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Any valid event code number Specifies the code number for the event for which you want to configure an exception Enter the event code number for the event for which you want to configure an exception For event codes see the event database 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 7 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Always Never Trap Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Always Never Specifies whether the SNMP agent always sends or never sends this trap to the network management station The instructions that you specify in this field override the settings in the Trap Configuration window and affect traps sent from every slot in the router Select Always or Never 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 6 1 2 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP threshold global paramete
8. routers only e connector number is the number of a connector on the link or net module For example the following command configures an Ethernet interface on slot 1 connector 2 box ethernet slot 1 connector 2 ethernet 1 2 Step 2 Configuring an IP Interface To configure an IP interface on a physical interface navigate to the prompt for the physical interface and enter ip address lt address gt mask lt mask gt address and mask are a valid IP address and its associated subnet mask expressed in either dotted decimal notation or in bit notation For example the following command configures IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 on an Ethernet physical interface on slot 1 connector 2 ethernet 1 2 ip address 2 2 2 2 mask 255 0 0 0 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 An IP interface is now configured on the Ethernet interface with default values for all interface parameters When you configure an IP interface the BCC also configures IP globally on the router with default values for all IP global parameters You can customize IP by modifying IP global and interface parameters as described in Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services 308644 14 00 Rev 00 1 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Using Site Manager Before you can select a protocol to run on the router you must configure a circuit that the protocol can use as an interface to an attached network For information and instructions see Configuring WA
9. In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens Choose Delete BOOTP A confirmation window opens oO s om Click on OK The Configuration Manager deletes BootP from all interfaces on the router 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 19 Chapter 5 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay This chapter describes how to customize BootP DHCP relay services It assumes that you configured an IP interface and enabled BootP DHCP relay as described in Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services and that you understand the DHCP concepts in Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts Topic Page Setting Up the Routing Path from the DHCP Server to the Router 5 2 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP Interface 5 4 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay Globally 5 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 5 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Setting Up the Routing Path from the DHCP Server to the Router You must define a routing path between the DHCP server and the router configured as a BootP relay agent to ensure the transmission of packets from one end of the network to the other You define this routing path by e Specifying interfaces to receive and forward DHCP packets e Defining a DHCP server Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets BootP DHCP re
10. Note Enabling or disabling the ARP cache feature has no effect on the operation of DHCP Using Site Manager To enable ARP cache entry support complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP Services on the router Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 18 5 Setthe ARP Cache Enable parameter 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Using the Technician Interface To enable the ARP cache entry feature using the Technician Interface set the wfBootpRelayIntfArpCache MIB variable to a value of 1 For example this command sets the BootP relay agent interface ARP cache MIB variable to enabled on interface 10 10 10 1 s wfBootpRelayIntfEntry wfBootpRelayIntfArpCache 10 10 10 1 1 commit To disable ARP cache support set the wfBootpRelayIntfArpCache MIB variable to a value of 2 By default this variable is disabled To display the setting of the ARP cache entry MIB variable o
11. Using Site Manager Customizing SNMP To specify a trap type complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community 6 Choose Managers The Community menu opens The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Select the manager that you want to edit 8 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 9 Choose Edit Manager The SNMP Manager window opens Set the Trap Types parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 11 Click on OK You return to the SNMP Manager List window Deleting a Manager You can delete a manager from its associated community by deleting the manager s IP address from the list of SNMP managers Using the BCC To delete a manager navigate to the manager specific prompt for example box snmp community router1 manager router1 2 2 2 2 and enter delete 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 17 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services For example the following command deletes the manager 2 2 2 2 from the community router manager routerl 2 2 2 24 delete community routerl Using Site Manager To delete
12. xviii 308644 14 00 Rev 00 How to Get Help Preface If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone Number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 7041 308644 14 00 Rev 00 xix Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services This chapter describes how to create a basic SNMP BootP and BootP DHCP Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Servicesrelay configuration by specifying values for required parameters only and accepting default values for all other parameters of these services Topic Page Starting Configuration Tools 1 2 Configuring IP for Global Protocols 1 2 Starting SNMP Services 1 5 Starting BootP Services 1 Starting BootP DHCP Relay 1 7 Starting a DHCP Server 1 8 For background information about these protocols and how they work see Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts 308644 14 00 Rev 00 1 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and D
13. 2 9 3 39 A 15 Threshold Low Event Level parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 36 A 10 Threshold Low Value parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 35 A 10 Threshold Max Successive Alarms parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 38 A 14 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Threshold Medium Event Level parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 36 A 11 Threshold Medium Value parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 35 A 11 Threshold Units parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 36 A 13 thresholds SNMP adding 3 33 configuring 3 31 description 2 7 disabling 3 31 enabling 3 31 for a variable 3 33 level specifying 3 34 memory considerations 2 10 object name in an event message specifying 3 39 polling interval for a variable specifying 3 32 polling interval for held variables specifying 3 38 setting polling interval 3 32 severity levels 2 8 severity levels events 2 6 unit for a variable specifying 3 36 when to record events specifying 3 37 Timeout Secs parameter BootP DHCP relay agent interface 4 6 A 17 timeout ping DHCP server 6 4 Transmit Bcast Addr parameter IP configuration 1 4 Trap Port parameter SNMP manager 3 15 A 6 Trap Types parameter SNMP manager 3 17 A 6 traps SNMP authentication failure enabling disabling 3 7 configuring 3 25 configuring a manager to receive 3 14 deleting exceptions 3 30 description 2 2 2 5 disabling an entity 3 27 exceptions configuring 3 28 f
14. Gateway IP address IP address of the DHCP server to use in the next step of the client s bootstrap process The DHCP server returns this address when it sends DHCPOFFER and DHCPACK messages to the client continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 19 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Table 2 4 Fields in a DHCP Packet continued Field Octets Description Client hardware address 16 The hardware address of the client Server name 64 Optional DHCP server host name represented as a null terminated string File name 128 A boot file name Represented as a null terminated string in a DHCPDISCOVER message and a fully qualified directory path name in a DHCPOFFER message Options 312 Variable length optional parameters field The packet relay process uses these fields as follows 1 The BootP relay agent receives the packet and if it accepts the packet transmits it to DHCP servers on other networks DHCP servers on the local segment see the broadcast packet and respond with a DHCPOFFER packet that includes an available IP address and other configuration information Before offering the IP address the DHCP servers may generate an ARP or ICMP echo request on the network to determine whether the IP address is already in use by another device When a DHCP server offers an IP address that address is temporarily unavailable to other clients If the client does not accept or reje
15. Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Timeout Secs Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table 0 0 to 65535 Specifies the minimum number of seconds that the router waits before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet If the value in the seconds field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is less than the value that you specify for this parameter the router drops the packet Accept the default 0 or specify a number from 1 through 65535 equal to 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 6 Pass Through Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table BOOTP BOOTP DHCP BOOTP DHCP Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 16 Interface Priority Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table 0 0 to 16 Indicates the priority of the interface on a multinetted interface Enter an integer from 1 through 16 to indicate the priority of the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 20 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instruction
16. SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ii 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Nortel Networks NA Inc Nortel Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host I
17. every 20 seconds the agent should check variables for which you have configured thresholds You set the threshold action to Greaterthan and set the threshold levels and severity of events to the values shown in Table 2 2 Table 2 2 Example of Threshold and Severity Settings Threshold Level Low Medium High Depth of Priority 1 102 153 205 transmit queue 40 of capacity 60 of capacity 80 of capacity Severity of event INFO INFO WARNING When you add this threshold to the MIB the agent polls the variable wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold every 20 seconds and responds as follows e If its value is greater than 102 but less than or equal to 153 the manager logs an informational event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the low threshold 2 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts e If its value is greater than 153 but less than or equal to 205 the manager logs an informational event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the medium threshold e If its value is greater than 205 the manager logs a warning event indicating that the queue depth exceeded the high threshold Event Message Format By default the threshold event messages include the MIB object identifier OID of the variable that exceeded the threshold the value of the variable and the threshold level exceeded For example if the wfCctOptsCngcCfgOQpl Threshold variable has a value o
18. made You can configure up to 50 trap exceptions which specify that the SNMP agent always sends or never sends traps to the network management station regardless of the trap configuration settings and regardless of the slot that you specified You configure a trap exception by specifying the following Entity code for the event for which you want to configure an exception Code of the event for which you want to configure an exception Whether the SNMP agent always sends or never sends a trap to the network management station Site Manager only To access the event message database look on the documentation CD that comes with BayRS or look on the Web at support baynetworks com library tpubs events 3 28 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Using the BCC To specify a trap exception based on protocol entity and event code enter the following command at the SNMP prompt trap event entity lt entity_name gt event lt event_code gt entity_name is the name of the entity issuing the message For a list of all entities enter help trap event entity at the SNMP prompt event_code is the numerical value assigned to the event message For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to send to a network management station a trap for the IP protocol generating messages for interfaces that transition to the down state event code 3 snmp trap event entity ip event 3 trap event ip 3 info entity ip event 3 st
19. see the installation guide that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Nortel Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 308644 14 00 Rev 00 XV Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions angle brackets lt gt bold text braces brackets ellipsis points Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is ping ip address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions where there is more than one option You must choose only one of the options Do not type the braces when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you must enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions Do not type the bracket
20. 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 1 Use Lock Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the agent responds to multiple network management stations issuing simultaneous SNMP set commands to the router When you set this parameter to Enable the agent identifies the station from which it receives the next SNMP set command and for a time equal to the value of the Lock Time Out parameter responds only to SNMP set commands from that station If the agent receives an SNMP set command from another network management station during this time it issues an SNMP genErr GetResponse PDU which that station logs as an SNMP set error message Select Enable to prohibit the agent from responding to simultaneous SNMP commands from multiple network management stations 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Lock TimeOut Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global 2 minutes 1 to 60 minutes Specifies the maximum number of minutes that the agent allows an idle network management station to hold a lock on it During this time the agent locks out SNMP set commands from other network management stations The lock timer is reset each time the
21. 5 3 Deleting BootP DHCP Relay from an IP Interface eeeseecesceeeeeeee 5 4 Deleting BootP DHGP Relay Globally 1 eet erret m n ena inr enc PO viii 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration csscccscciccsccccnssocstsneesesecenseteonseeeesereseuetonsesentese 6 2 Configuring the NetID Server Manager IP Address ccccssccceeesssteeeeeesstteeeeessees 6 72 Specifying the DHCP Server IP Address o emt T ue rae 6 2 Specifying the DHCP Server TCP Port Number sssessescssee entren 6 3 Configuring the Number of Pings and the Ping Timeout ssesssssss 6 4 Specifying the DHCP Server Operating Mode vede T T 0 5 Specifying the Maximum Number of Pending Leases ssssseee 6 6 SOC the Dab g eel isi sided ascia kit aiaia aaa RE aai Dra 6 7 Disabling and Reenabling the DHCP Server sess 6 8 Deleting the DHCP Server from the Router Liuius i n etr a er Cr E A PER Re 6 9 Deleting DHCP Globally TIRET TET Mm 6 9 Appendix A Site Manager Parameter Descriptions SNMP Global Parameters ssiri n bes erk Era Re urba did a ve resa Ra f cad di A 3 SNMP Community PAINT ONE eiiam racc dun tetas e eU ec pice sb teak eats aarti A 5 SNMP Manager Pales acp pado ae ebd ga nU Flea aqaa pad a a gd A 6 SNMP Trap Exception Parameters
22. 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 3 1 5 Trap Types Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Managers gt Manager gt Edit Manager Generic None Generic Specific All Specifies the type of trap that the agent sends to this manager Select None to prohibit the agent from sending traps to this manager Select Generic to configure the agent to send the well defined SNMP traps cold start warm start and authentication failure traps to the manager The cold start and warm start traps are automatically active in the SNMP agent however you must enable the Authentication Failure Traps global parameter for the agent to send such traps to this manager Select Specific to configure the agent software to send all enabled log event traps to this manager Select All to send cold start traps warm start traps and all enabled log event traps to this manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 3 1 6 A 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions SNMP Trap Exception Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP trap exception parameters in the Add Trap window Entity Code Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Trap Configuration gt Exceptions gt Add None Any valid entity code
23. DHCPACK DHCPACK or DHCPNAK or DHCPNAK E packet to BootP relay packet to client NN agent Router BootP relay agent SNM0006A Figure 2 7 Requesting and Receiving IP Information BootP Relay Agent 1 When the client has chosen a target server it broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet The DHCPREQUEST packet contains the address of the target server in the server IP address field and the lease offer that it prefers 2 The router configured as a BootP relay agent receives the packet and forwards it to all servers 3 Those servers examine the packet and if their IP addresses differ from the value in the server IP address field they reclaim the IP addresses that they supplied in the DHCPOFFER packets These addresses are now available for other clients Accepting or Declining IP Information In a network configuration in which a router is configured as a BootP DHCP relay agent the target server recognizes its IP address in the server IP address field and responds to the DHCPREQUEST packet as follows e If the target server can supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPACK packet to the client through the BootP relay agent The DHCPACK packet contains the committed IP address 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 21 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services The client examines the configuration parameters in the DHCPACK packet and records the duration of the lease period If the client detects a problem with the configuratio
24. In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 31 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Choose Global System responds The Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window opens Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Setting the Threshold Polling Interval The threshold polling interval sets the time interval at which the agent polls the variable to determine whether that variable has reached a threshold You must set a minimum polling interval of 5 seconds there is no maximum value The default polling interval is 60 seconds When setting a polling interval remember that the more often the agent polls the variable the more memory it needs to manage the thresholds for this statistic To set the threshold polling interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Gl
25. PREE ETT repre T M pies er s A 7 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters sinian aaa A 8 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters inussosds t enipar ae ei rada aaaea a dc A 9 BootP and DHCP Parameters ibid iesus iruei be aes heats ere A 16 BootP Relay Agent Interface Parameters sss A 16 BootP Address Parametels sous iode asd oon isse ccu dde tuU E Roa docu oo EH odi cU aN A 19 BootP Client Interface Address Parameters sse A 21 BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters sese A 22 DHCP Server Global Parameters Airian E PEET T edes A 24 Appendix B SNMP show Commands ae rni COM qon P TR B 2 show an Rol M B 3 Se SPUN hea IVY e B 4 show snmp trap event N AN e E T r B 5 Index 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Figures Figs Pole ct SNMP asso direi en had ebrei eae obit MOOD P dd tA REN 2 3 Figure 2 2 BootP Client and Server on the Same Physical Network 2 10 Figure 2 3 BootP Client and Server on Different Physical Networks 2 11 Figure 2 4 BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY Fields ssssssssss 2 12 Figure 2 5 BootP DHCP Relay Implementation oraina ee PAT 2 17 Figure 2 6 Identifying DHCP Servers BootP Relay Agent ceecee 2 18 Figure 2 7 Requesting and Receiving IP Information BootP Relay Agent
26. Parameters A 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services For each parameter this appendix provides the following information Parameter name Configuration Manager menu path Default setting Valid parameter options Parameter function Instructions for setting the parameter Management information base MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB see Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of your parameter values Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration A 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions SNMP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP global parameters in the Configuration Manager window Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state of the SNMP agent on all interfaces that support IP Select Enable to enable the SNMP agent select Disable to disable the SNMP agent 1
27. Relay and DHCP Server Concepts If the router accepts the packet it alters the packet by e Incrementing the hops field by 1 e Writing the IP address of the input interface to the gateway IP address field The router then determines which networks should receive this packet and broadcasts it to other networks through a forwarding route that you specify when you configure the router for BootP services If the BootP packet has to travel to a network through another router you must specify the forwarding route using one of the following methods e Configure the second router for BootP services In this case the second router inspects the packet in the same way as the first router and increments the hops field by 1 The second router will not however replace the address in the gateway IP address field because servers will reply to the first router that received the BOOTREQUEST packet e Configure the first router to forward the BOOTREQUEST packet to a specific server In this case the router will unicast the BOOTREQUEST packet to the server through normal IP services Servers on other networks receive the BOOTREQUEST packet and respond with a BOOTREPLY packet Those servers transmit the BOOTREPLY packets through normal IP services to the address of the first interface that received the BOOTREQUEST packet That address appears in the gateway IP address field in the BOOTREQUEST packet When the router that first received the BOOT
28. SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Specifying the Target Server s Host Name If you want to keep track of the names of BootP and DHCP servers specify the target server s host name The host name cannot exceed 63 ASCII characters including embedded spaces To specify the target server s host name complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window opens 6 Setthe Target Name parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling the Forwarding Route By default BootP and DHCP forwarding is enabled for the route that you configured You can disable BootP or DHCP forwarding on this route 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP To disable the forwarding route complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choos
29. Select Absolute if you want the agent to generate a threshold event when the value of the variable reaches a threshold 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 12 Threshold Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Greaterthan Greaterthan Lessthan Specifies when the agent generates a threshold event Select Greaterthan if you want to record threshold events when the value of the variable is greater than the threshold specified Select Lessthan if you want to record threshold events when the value of the variable is less than the threshold specified 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 13 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Max Successive Alarms Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 5 1 to 20 Specifies the maximum number of successive alarms that the agent generates for this variable A successive alarm represents two or more polling periods when the agent generates an alarm as a result of an exception at the same threshold level Specify the maximum number of successive alarms When the agent exceeds the maximum number of alarms it marks the threshold as held The agent generates no more alarms until the variable either cr
30. Server Manager software The default TCP port number is 24736 For information about specifying a remote port number for the NetID Server Manager see the NetID System Administrator s Guide To specify the TCP port number on the DHCP server complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 6 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the DHCP Server TCP Port Number parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring the Number of Pings and the Ping Timeout Before the DHCP server on the router assigns an IP address to a DHCP client it must ensure that the IP address is not already in use on the network To verify that the IP address is available the DHCP server sends out an ICMP echo request called a ping e If the server fails to receive a response to the request within the specified timeout period ping request timeout the DHCP server offers the IP address and grants a lease to the client e If the DH
31. The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the following parameters Number of Pings Ping Timeout Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 25 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the DHCP Server Operating Mode By default the mode in which the DHCP server operates is called safe mode When safe mode is enabled the DHCP server cannot acknowledge the DHCP client s lease request until it receives a successful lease commit acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager Typically you enable safe mode when you want to ensure that the client receives only successful committed leases from the DHCP server and the NetID Server Manager When safe mode is disabled the DHCP server immediately returns a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client in response to its lease request without waiting for a successful lease commit acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager With safe mode disabled the DHCP server can still assign IP addresses to clients even if it loses communication with the NetID Server Manager 308644 14 00 Rev 00 6 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services To enable or disable safe mode on the DHCP server complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Glob
32. addresses which you configure on the router as managers of a community Traps are always sent to specific managers For more information about traps see Events and Traps on page 2 5 Using the BCC To specify a trap entity based on slot and protocol entity enter the following command at the SNMP prompt trap entity entity entity name slot slot number entity name is the name of the entity issuing the event For a list of all entities enter help trap entity entity at the SNMP prompt slot number is the number of the slot on which the trap will be received 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 25 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to send to a network management station a trap for the IP protocol on slot 2 snmp trap entity entity ip slot 2 trap entity ip 2 By default the attribute for all severity levels is set to off To turn on logging for any severity level navigate to the trap entity specific prompt for example box snmp trap entity ip 2 and enter one or more of the following commands fault log on warning log on information log on trace log on debug log on For example to send warning and fault traps to the network management station enter the following commands trap entity ip 2 warning log on fault log on Using Site Manager To specify a trap entity complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do
33. broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet Table 2 4 describes the fields in a DHCP packet Table 2 4 Fields in a DHCP Packet Field Octets Description Operation 1 Message operation code or message type 1 BOOTREQUEST 2 BOOTREPLY Hardware type Hardware address type for example 12 10 Mb Ethernet Hardware address length Hardware address length for example 6 for 10 Mb Ethernet Hops DHCP client sets to 0 Transaction ID A random number chosen by the client The DHCP client and the DHCP server use this number to associate messages and responses exchanged between them Seconds The number of seconds that elapsed since a client started trying to boot The client fills in this number Flags If the flags field contains the value 1 the client does not know its own IP address The router broadcasts the DHCPREPLY packets to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 If the flags field contains the value 0 the client knows its own IP address which appears in the client IP address field of the DHCPREPLY packet The router sends the DHCPREPLY packet to that IP address and to the link layer address that appears in the client hardware address field Client IP address The DHCP client IP address This field is filled in only if the DHCP client is in BOUND RENEW or REBINDING state and can respond to ARP requests Your IP address DHCP client IP address
34. event log trap as a 32 bit value as follows e Octets 1 and 2 the most significant 16 bits of the specific trap ID contain values of 1 and 0 respectively to identify a Nortel Networks event log trap e Octet 3 of the specific trap ID contains a code that identifies the software entity that generated the trap e Octet 4 of the specific ID contains the event code that in conjunction with the entity code uniquely identifies the event Each 32 bit value is accompanied by three variable bindings that convey the event string that describes the trap condition the slot that hosts the entity that generated the trap and the trap severity see Table 2 1 Thresholds SNMP uses a management information base MIB to manage the router The MIB includes an extensive collection of statistics MIB variables that track the router s performance and provide early warnings of abnormal operating conditions With the Site Manager threshold feature you can configure the agent to automatically notify you when specific statistics or instances of the variable reach certain levels You can set a threshold for any integer counter gauge or time tick variable in the MIB Using the threshold parameters you e Select the polling interval which specifies how often the agent checks the statistic to see whether its value has reached the threshold e Set three threshold values high medium and low Specify the threshold action as Lessthan or G
35. forwarding both DHCP and BootP packets For information about the packet relay process see BootP Relay Agent Overview on page 2 10 Why Use DHCP Each DCHP client on the network requires its own IP address and configuration information The DHCP client s IP address is the identifier that other networked devices use to recognize the client on the network The client s configuration information includes the network domain name the address of the network servers and gateways and the subnet mask Without DHCP each time that you add a client to its network you must manually assign an IP address and configuration information to the client When clients change offices or users or leave the network altogether the configuration information changes as well DHCP facilitates network management by automating and centralizing IP address administration and by providing IP configuration information automatically to each networked device when it is needed 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts DHCP can allocate three types of IP addresses to DHCP clients static DHCP addresses dynamic DHCP addresses and static BootP addresses Table 2 3 describes these types of IP addresses Table 2 3 IP Address Types Allocated by DHCP IP Address Type Description Static DHCP address An address that the DHCP server fixes to a client by a unique key typically the MAC address Dynamic DHCP address An ad
36. if the client is granted an address with a lease time of 1 hour it asks to renew the address approximately 30 minutes after the client has started to use it 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 15 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services If the client does not receive an answer from the DHCP server perhaps because the server is down it can attempt to reacquire configuration parameters and an IP address from another server or let the lease lapse returning the IP address to a client pool The client pool is a group of one or more client IDs or MAC addresses maintained by a DHCP server DHCP Components The Nortel Networks implementation of DHCP consists of the following components e DHCP clients e DHCP server e NetID Server Manager The sections that follow describe these components DHCP Clients A DHCP client is a host that uses DHCP to obtain configuration information such as an IP address from a DHCP server DHCP Server A DHCP server is a host that provides IP addresses and configuration parameters to DHCP clients NetID Server Manager The NetID Server Manager operates as an interface for the DHCP server see Figure 2 8 The NetID Server Manager manages and maintains IP addresses and configuration information and allocates IP addresses to the DHCP server The NetID Server Manager polls the database periodically and sends configuration changes to the appropriate DHCP servers The DHCP servers send updated information to
37. no charge if it is returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Nortel Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible 308644 14 00 Rev 00 iii for the
38. snmp and enter lock disabled To reenable the lock navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter lock enabled Using Site Manager To enable or disable the SNMP lock mechanism complete the following tasks You do this Site Manager Procedure System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose SNMP The IP menu opens The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Setthe Use Lock parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 3 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Specifying a Lock Address The default lock address is 0 0 0 0 Using the BCC you can specify a different lock address by navigating to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and entering lock address address address is an IP address in dotted decimal notation For example the following command sets the lock address to 192 32 15 55 snmp lock address 192 32 15 55 snmp Specifying a Lock Timeout Value If the SNMP lock mechanism is enabled you can customize the lock timeout period The lock timeout period is the maximum number of minutes that the SNMP agent allows an idle network management station to hold a lock on it During this time the SNMP agent locks out SN
39. tell the agent to apply the threshold to a variable specify Enable To tell the agent to ignore the threshold for a variable specify Disable 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 33 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services To enable or disable thresholds for a variable complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Setthe Threshold Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level You can specify an integer value that determines the level low medium or high at which you want the agent to generate a threshold exception event for a variable To specify a value for the threshold level complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists win
40. the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Minimum Timeout Value By default the router immediately forwards BOOTREQUEST packets to the destination address in the BootP relay forwarding table You can configure the router to wait before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet out an interface If the value in the seconds field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is less than the value configured on the interface the router drops the packet The default minimum timeout value is 0 seconds You can specify a value from 1 through 65 535 seconds equivalent to 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds To specify the minimum timeout value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP Services on the router continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 5 Set the Timeout Secs parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 17 System responds 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager windo
41. this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Interfaces The Trap Configuration window opens 6 Select the slot for which you want to configure traps by clicking on the bar in the Slot box 7 Select an entity for which you want to The entity names appear in the Available configure traps If you want to configure Entities column a comprehensive list of traps for all entities running on the slot all protocols available regardless of the choose All Entities from the top of the platform or software that you are using column continued 3 26 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 8 Select the severity level at which you want to receive traps by clicking on the Events box at the bottom of the window For a description of severity levels see Severity Levels on page 2 6 9 Click on Update The entity name moves to the Current Entities column indicating that you want to receive traps for this entity at the severity level that you specified To move an entity from the column select the entity name and then click on Remove 10 Repeat steps 6 through 9 for other slots that you want to configure 11 Click on Save Y
42. 3 19 deleting 3 22 deleting contents 3 22 disassociating from communities 3 24 listing 3 21 listing contents 3 21 Access parameter SNMP community 3 11 A 5 access restricting on SNMP router 1 5 acronyms xvii agents BootP relay customizing 4 2 description 2 11 forwarding table specifying interfaces for 4 9 passing packets to DHCP servers 2 20 agents SNMP 2 2 Always Never Trap parameter SNMP trap exception 3 30 A 8 AN router configuring BootP for connection to frame relay PVC 4 13 ARP Cache Enable parameter BootP DHCP relay agent interface 4 3 A 18 ARP cache support 4 3 Authentication Failure Traps parameter SNMP global 3 8 A 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Index BootP AN router configuring for connection to frame relay PVC 4 13 client interface table creating 4 13 customizing BootP DHCP relay 5 1 relay agent 4 2 deleting globally 4 19 relay from an IP interface 4 18 description 2 10 disabling 4 2 enabling 4 2 4 7 forwarding table specifying interfaces for 4 9 hops specifying maximum number of 4 4 packet relay 2 12 packets filtering 4 17 preferred servers configuring 4 15 reenabling 4 2 relay mode specifying 4 6 route forwarding 4 12 routing paths between BootP server and router 4 7 servers configuring preferred 4 15 starting 1 6 timeout specifying minimum 4 4 BootP DHCP relay See DHCP Bootstrap Protocol See BootP C communities SNMP access privi
43. 44 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Determining When to Record Threshold Events You can determine when the agent generates a threshold event by setting the Threshold Action parameter By default the agent generates a threshold event when the value of the variable you specify is greater than the threshold that you specify If you want the agent to generate threshold events when the value of the variable is less than the threshold that you specify set the Threshold Action parameter to Lessthan To determine when to record threshold events complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Setthe Threshold Action parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 13 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Maximum Number of Successive Alarms Successive alarms represent two or more polling periods when the agent generates an alarm as a result of an exception at the same threshold level By default the maximum number of successive alarms is set to 5 You can specify the maximum number of successive alarms that the agent generates for a variable Wh
44. 8644 14 00 Rev 00 Ganfiguring SNMP Community Managers i corr mro emnt neret Hd finc DIR A BNR MENTRE DO 0 3 13 Configuring a Manager to Receive Traps sssssssssseeeeeenennn 3 14 speciem die Tap POI uiae nee pe ER ebd e aoa en o c RD 3 14 Specifying a Trap Type Tm Tem Nos pb 3 16 Deleng a ri 3 17 Configuring SNMP View Based Access Control sss 3 19 Configuring Listing and Deleting a View er cre TUE Te bbc iter 1a Seti js AM T 3 19 Listing All Views or the Contents of a View sse 3 21 Deleting AUI or Ite COMTEIWG t 3 22 Configuring Communities and Their View Associations esesssssss 3 22 Configuring a Community mucus aaja aitei eies iextehaale ub dE 3 23 Associating a View with a Community 2 erecto cetero rura torc te enen ennt 3 23 Listing Commodity MORTON sorrienni bed os Xo ads ad Eo I ba dE bcd 3 23 Disassociating a View from a Community ssssse T er 3 24 Goniiguring Taps Ob ihe Router Loose pr aaro i DER abe a beo ca daran ec Kao d 3 25 I Bs TOE ETN TQ Oo 3 27 Cornguimng Tap EXOPIONS ee e C hata Saaueeiartceae vie netic ANER 3 28 Deleng Wap Exe ic d m m aire een dees 3 30 Configuring Thresholds Weiner RS TOIT Epis crores T tren mere Disabling and Reenabling Thresholds 3 31 Setting the Threshold Polling Interval 2s sn due cinia cl
45. BayRS Version 14 00 Part No 308644 14 00 Rev 00 September 1999 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services NORTEL NETWORKS Copyright 1999 Nortel Networks All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1999 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks Bay Networks AN BN and NetID are registered trademarks and ANH ASN BayRS BayStack BCC and System 5000 are trademarks of Nortel Networks Microsoft MS MS DOS Win32 Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparag
46. CP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting the DHCP Server from the Router To delete the DHCP server from the router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Delete DHCP A confirmation window opens 5 Click on OK Site Manager deletes the DHCP server from the router Deleting DHCP Globally To delete DHCP globally you must delete BootP globally For instructions see Deleting BootP Globally on page 4 19 308644 14 00 Rev 00 6 9 Appendix A Site Manager Parameter Descriptions This appendix contains the Site Manager parameter descriptions for SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay and DHCP server services You can display the same information using the Help button in Site Manager This appendix contains the following information Topic Page SNMP Global Parameters A 3 SNMP Community Parameters A 5 SNMP Manager Parameters A SNMP Trap Exception Parameters A 7 SNMP Threshold Global Parameters A 8 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters A BootP and DHCP
47. CP server receives a response to the request the IP address is unavailable and therefore cannot be offered to the client By default the DHCP server pings the IP address for a prospective DHCP client only once before declaring it available By default the DHCP server waits 750 milliseconds that is 0 75 second for a conflict detection ping to time out before determining that an IP address is available to assign to a client If you want to change the length of time that the DHCP server waits specify a value from 1 through 5000 milliseconds 5 seconds Note Typically DHCP clients retransmit a DHCPDISCOVER message after 2 seconds Thus if you specify a ping timeout value greater than 2000 milliseconds 2 seconds the router may transmit spurious messages The same consideration applies if you set the values of the ping timeout and the number of pings so that their product timeout value times the number of pings is greater than 2000 6 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server To specify the number of times that the DHCP server pings the IP address of a prospective DHCP client or to specify the ping timeout value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global
48. Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Label parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 15 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 39 Chapter 4 Customizing BootP This chapter describes how to customize BootP services It assumes that you configured an IP interface and started BootP on this interface using the default BootP parameters as described in Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services and that you understand the BootP concepts in Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts Topic Page Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters 4 2 Setting Up the Routing Path from the BootP Server to the Router 4 7 Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Relay PVC 4 13 Specifying Servers for BootP Services 4 14 Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface 4 18 Deleting BootP Globally 4 19 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters After you configure IP interfaces for BootP services you can configure BootP relay agent parameters for all of these IP interfaces The BootP relay agent is responsible for transmitting BOOTREQUEST packets to servers on the network and for transmitting BOOTR
49. D for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Nortel Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Nortel N
50. DHCP Server After you create the DHCP server on the router as described in Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services you can disable or reenable it on an interface or globally If you disable DHCP for the router it is no longer available on any IP circuit To disable or reenable the DHCP server on an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens Set the DHCP Server Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 18 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window To disable or reenable the DHCP server on the router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens continued 6 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Global The DH
51. DHCP server customizing 6 1 deleting 6 9 description 2 16 disabling 6 8 enabling 1 8 host name configuring 4 16 interoperability with BootP clients 2 14 IP address specifying for communication with NetID Server Manager 6 2 NetID Server Manager description 2 16 IP address for communication with DHCP server specifying 6 2 operating mode 6 5 pending leases specifying number of 6 6 ping timeout specifying 6 4 reenabling 6 8 starting 1 8 TCP port number specifying 6 3 timeout specifying ping 6 4 DHCP Server Enable parameter BootP DHCP relay agent interface 1 9 6 8 A 18 308644 14 00 Rev 00 DHCP Server TCP Port Number parameter DHCP server 6 4 A 24 DLCI Number parameter BootP DHCP client interface address 4 14 A 21 E Enable parameter DHCP server 6 9 A 24 SNMP global 3 4 A 3 Enable Disable parameter BootP DHCP address 4 12 A 20 BootP DHCP preferred server 4 17 A 23 BootP DHCP relay agent interface 4 2 A 16 SNMP threshold global 3 32 A 8 Entity Code parameter SNMP trap exception 3 30 A 7 Event Code parameter SNMP trap exception 3 30 A 7 event messages description 2 5 format 2 9 protocol entities 2 6 severity levels 2 6 exceptions trap configuring 3 28 deleting 3 30 EZ Install configuring BootP for use with 4 13 F forwarding mode BootP setting for router 4 7 forwarding route BootP configuring 4 9 disabling 4 12 frame relay PVC conf
52. EPLY packets to clients Disabling and Reenabling BootP When you start BootP on an interface BootP is automatically enabled on that interface and default values are in effect for all BootP parameters To disable or reenable BootP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP menu opens The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP Services on the router 5 Setthe Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 16 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 4 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Enabling ARP Cache Support Customizing BootP Some boot PROM devices do not support the Address Resolution Protocol ARP Without ARP support the client PC or workstation cannot use the BootP relay agent that is the BayRS router configured as a BootP relay agent to download a file over the network To accommodate devices that do not run ARP you can configure the router to create an ARP cache entry based on the information received in the BootP reply from the server By default this feature is disabled
53. Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Authentication Failure Traps parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 4 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Specifying the Type of Service for SNMP Packets Using the BCC you can specify the type of service in which SNMP packets will be generated by setting the type of service to either reliability or normal For SNMP high reliability type of service is important By default the type of service is set to reliability To specify the type of service navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and enter type of service reliability normal For example the following command causes SNMP to generate packets with a type of service of reliability snmp type of service reliability snmp Adding SNMP Communities An SNMP community is a logical relationship between an SNMP agent and one or more SNMP managers The community has a name and all members of a community have the same access privileges either read only members can view configuration and performance information or read write members can view configuration performance information and also change the configuration This section describes how to add and delete the SNMP communities to which the SNMP agent responds or sends traps Specifying an SNMP Community Name You can add SNMP commu
54. Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Medium Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the medium threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a medium threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 7 Threshold Medium Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message that the agent generates when a variable exceeds the medium threshold Select Info if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate that an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want medium threshold exceptions to generate events that you can use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold High Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Th
55. GES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Contents Preface ines ie nsus e ET OS rear ery rere E mere rr ere erate XV N E I e stron acess Ratwesceisnnn ssa vadact seceadense cadeieGennme cadant tesa deo ip meat oat ee etmaTaReee xvi PIES uaa EE AAT A A N tannin onan eran ahaa dea RU xvii Hard Copy Technical Manuals suisidio netta rib eraat PR dean xviii as ta SE Mo cow oe oo cdeeeeay adaude a xix Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Staring Lsmig ureton TUBIS 0c se ccde cacy chpuncoeuranaruactpeuceau ano iaacmesasesGaietsavacaetpniaucactseuviadien 1 2 Gonigurna IP tor Global PUOIOBIS 2 aco ebrei at aaa aca tage 1 2 Step 1 Configuring a Physical Inferfaee iuis macie da ice 1 2 Step 2 C ntiguring an IP Mernag scierie ete 1 3 exar ANMP CENCE S araa N N 1 5 STING BOUF Seribilili sriain E E meee 1 6 wir Eont DHCP Relay serricornis E 1 7 SOLI e DACP JOBS ainiin ni aait anaia a
56. HCP Services Starting Configuration Tools Before configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP services refer to the following user guides for instructions on how to start and use the Nortel Networks configuration tool of your choice Configuration Tool User Guide Bay Command Console BCC Using the Bay Command Console BCC Site Manager Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager These guides also describe generically how to create and modify a device configuration Configuring IP for Global Protocols SNMP BootP and DHCP services all use the Internet Protocol IP for message transport Before you configure SNMP BootP and DHCP services using the BCC or Site Manager you must first start IP on the router Using the BCC To start IP on the router 1 Configure a physical interface on an available slot connector 2 Configure an IP interface on the physical interface Step 1 Configuring a Physical Interface To configure a physical interface on a slot and connector navigate to the top level box or stack prompt and enter interface type slot slot number module module number connector connector number e interface typeis the name of a link or net module on the router e slot number is the number of the slot on which the link or net module is located 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services e module number is the net module number ASN and System 5000
57. MP BootP and DHCP Services Acquiring an IP Address A client acquires its IP address from a router configured as a DHCP server as follows 1 Identify DHCP servers 2 Request and receive IP information 3 Accept or decline IP information The following sections describe each of these stages in detail Identifying DHCP Servers Figure 2 9 shows the first stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address from a DHCP server 1 Client broadcasts 2 DHCP server sends NetID a DHCPDISCOVER ICMP echo request to Server packet prospective IP address Manager DHCP client DHCP client L E P e a e CES Cg k a lt 4 4 DHOP server El 3 The ICMP echo transmits request times out DHCPOFFER E indicating that packet to client request can be sent to client Router DHCP server DC0003A Figure 2 9 Identifying Routers Configured As DHCP Servers To identify routers configured as DHCP servers the DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER packet on its local physical subnet Table 2 4 on page 2 19 describes the fields in the DHCP packet The packet release process uses these fields as follows 2 24 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts The router configured as a DHCP server receives the packet and finds an available IP add
58. MP set commands from other network management stations The lock timer is reset each time the locking manager issues an SNMP set command By default the SNMP agent allows an idle network management station to hold a lock on it for 2 minutes To change the default lock timeout period specify a value from 1 through 60 minutes Using the BCC To reset the lock timeout value navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and enter lock timeout lt nteger gt integer is the number of minutes For example the following command sets the lock timeout period to 3 minutes snmp lock timeout 3 snmp 3 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Using Site Manager To reset the lock timeout value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Setthe Lock TimeOut parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 4 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Traps The router generates an authentication failure trap when it receives an SNMP message from an SNMP manager falsely claiming to be in a particular community or specifying an unkno
59. N Line Services and Configuring Ethernet FDDI and Token Ring Services When you have successfully configured the circuit the Select Protocols window opens Proceed as follows Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Select Protocols window select IP The IP Configuration window opens Then click on OK If you plan to add BootP or DHCP services you can also select BootP 2 Set the following parameters IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or see Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services for parameter descriptions 3 Click on OK Site Manager displays a window asking whether you want to enable TFTP on the router 4 Click on Yes to enable TFTP Otherwise You return to the Configuration Manager click on No window 1 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Starting SNMP Services You can use the BCC command line interface or the Site Manager graphical user interface to start SNMP on the router accepting default values for all parameters SNMP is globally enabled on the router by default when you install BayRS software By default the Quick Start installation script install bat creates a read write SNMP community named public with a wildcard manager 0 0 0 0 that allows universal read write access You should restrict read write access to the router as soon as possible b
60. P Services Memory Considerations Polling statistics to determine whether they have reached a threshold and reporting events when variables exceed thresholds require router processing capacity When you set many thresholds and use shorter polling intervals the router performance will probably decline BootP Relay Agent Overview BootP is built on the client server model and allows a diskless client to boot remotely from a server on the same network or on a different physical network The client broadcasts a request to boot from a remote server When a suitable server receives the BOOTREQUEST packet it responds to the client by issuing a BOOTREPLY packet which includes the client s IP address the address of the gateway and the address of a server The server then transmits the boot file to the client via a transfer protocol such as Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP Figure 2 2 illustrates how BootP works when the client and the server are on the same network The client transmits a BOOTREQUEST packet to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 The server sends a BOOTREPLY packet to the client Depending on the server s implementation the server addresses the packet to either the broadcast address or the client s IP address Client broadcasts a request to boot from a remote server BOOTREQUEST Server sends acknowledgment to the client BOOTREPLY p L Client Server SNM0002A Fig
61. P server BootP Sal relay agent DHCP l client DC0005A Figure 2 5 BootP DHCP Relay Implementation 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 17 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Acquiring an IP Address A client acquires its IP address from a router configured as a BootP relay agent as follows 1 Identify DHCP servers 2 Request and receive IP information 3 Accept or decline IP information The following sections describe each of these stages in detail Identifying DHCP Servers Figure 2 6 shows the first stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address from a router configured as a BootP relay agent DHCP 1 Client broadcasts 2 BootP relay agent server DHCP DHCP a DHCPDISCOVER transmits the client client packet DHCPDISCOVER packet to servers on other networks E m m a lt i lt Figure 2 6 4 BootP relay agent transmits DHCPOFFER packets to client 3 E Router BootP relay agent Servers transmit DHCPOFFER packets to BootP relay agent Identifying DHCP Servers BootP Relay Agent SNMO0005A 2 18 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts To locate DHCP servers on the network the DHCP client
62. REQUEST packet as follows 2 26 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts If the DHCP server can supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPACK packet to the client through the DHCP server The client examines the configuration parameters in the DHCPACK packet and records the duration of the lease period If the client detects a problem with the configuration parameters it sends a DHCPDECLINE packet to the server and issues a new DHCPDISCOVER packet Otherwise the client accepts the configuration parameters If the target server cannot supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPNAK packet to the client through the DHCP server When the client receives the DHCPNAK packet it broadcasts a new DHCPDISCOVER packet and the process begins again Reacquiring the Same IP Address A client may want to reuse an IP address that a server allocated earlier using DHCP In this case the interchange between client and server omits some of the steps described in the previous sections The client can acquire the same IP address again using a DHCP server by following these steps 1 The client starts the interchange by broadcasting a DHCPREQUEST packet that contains its previous IP address in the client IP address field The DHCP server receives the packet examines the client s configuration parameters in the options field of the DHCPREQUEST packet and forwards th
63. REQUEST packet receives the BOOTREPLY packet it examines the gateway IP address field to check that the value in this field is the same as the IP destination address that the server used for the packet If the addresses differ the router discards the BOOTREPLY packet If the router accepts the packet it examines the flags field and forwards the packet to the client as follows e If the flags field contains the value 1 the client does not know its own IP address The router broadcasts the BOOTREPLY packets to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 13 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services e Ifthe flags field contains the value 0 the client knows its own IP address which appears in the client IP address field of the BOOTREPLY packet The router sends the BOOTREPLY packet to that IP address and the link layer address that appears in the client hardware address field DHCP Overview DHCP described in RFC 1541 is an extension of BootP and is built on the client server mode DHCP allows designated DHCP servers to automatically assign IP addresses and host names to dynamically configured DHCP clients for a predefined period of time The DHCP packet format is based on a BootP packet As a result DHCP uses the BootP relay agent to forward DHCP packets This scheme provides interoperability between the existing BootP clients and DHCP servers The BootP relay agent uses the same criteria and methods for
64. Services Configuring SNMP Using the BCC and Site Manager Table 3 1 lists the SNMP configuration tasks described in this chapter and indicates whether you can use the BCC or Site Manager to perform each task Table 3 1 SNMP Configuration Tasks Task BCC Site Manager Disabling and Reenabling SNMP v v Enabling and Disabling the SNMP Lock Mechanism v v Specifying a Lock Address v Specifying a Lock Timeout Value v V Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Traps v v Specifying the Type of Service for SNMP Packets 4 Specifying an SNMP Community Name V V Specifying Community Access Privileges v v Deleting an SNMP Community v v Adding a Manager v v Configuring a Manager to Receive Traps v v Deleting a Manager v v Configuring Listing and Deleting a View v Configuring Communities and Their View Associations Configuring Traps on the Router V V Disabling a Trap Entity 4 v Configuring Trap Exceptions V v Deleting Trap Exceptions V V Disabling and Reenabling Thresholds v Setting the Threshold Polling Interval v Adding a Threshold y Enabling and Disabling Thresholds for a Variable v Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level 4 Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages v Specifying Threshold Units v continued 3 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP
65. a community enter snmpserver community community name view view name delete e community name is the name of the community from which you want to disassociate a view e view name is the name of the view that you want to disassociate from the community If you do not specify view name then the command deletes the specified community entirely 3 24 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP delete disassociates a view from a community or deletes the community depending on whether you specify view_name For example to disassociate the view named block from the community pubnet enter snmpserver community pubnet view block delete To delete the community named pubnet and thereby the view association with pubnet enter snmpserver community pubnet delete Configuring Traps on the Router A trap is an event that the router sends to some external network device such as a network management station You can specify which log events the SNMP agent sends to the network management station as traps based on the following e Slot number the number of the slot on which the trap will be received e Entity number the code assigned to the entity issuing the event that uniquely identifies a router event e Severity level indicates whether the trap is a fault warning information trace or debug message A router never broadcasts traps on the network Rather it sends traps to specific IP
66. a iaaa s mo ANa 1 8 Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts SNMP ver ee caucana Vd Lb VIEN abn EE ER A GA V VI da RM te 2 2 i laico c TT osasteniadcach teveecoie mentees Aone 2 2 leptin Tni ett Pr 2 4 SNMP Comimubite PURI ee isaisa aaea asta seda eu mon 2 4 SNMP View Based Access Control E rer PT T m 2 5 SNMP Implemenmaton NOES d Dare da E bert Len ee ears a e cd Rad ER Ra Po eR ge dad 2 5 Totes t POCO 2 sce qa vb VE Eon USE tren Tener A VI SA RO CERNI AR INE XE FUE VA 2 5 Evens and Tap c 2 5 Proibito ENUDE Suaia a hun a cO a 2 6 Severity Levels enia oaei EE specus EAT EP 2 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 V SNMP TAn FONTA garira anneal aa aA 2 7 Thresholds T T T UNT Bebe Aan ET oraa Ana nin T 2 7 Threshold Example corsini lacreSinetccniniant teaeeiaiyanse PC case Morea din paR 2 8 Event Message FOIBBED ouo dodi dine Eos quiste EEA 2 9 State of a Threshold mm es eR 2 9 Memory Cansigel ellbIIB ossia a exei aab Rn debo s tu bh dean t ecc a 2 10 Boo Relay Agoni VOIE cence stcks oxic cass Suara Da naa eit ud arci AUNE amd dea wa 2 10 glue Ew ur Me dy accel cis dias peen a 2 14 Ty ss DROP I Lasadadeaaia ind EN 2 14 Dynamic IP Address Allocation EE Reed sete bre dese Eb E E ene te 215 DHCF COIS INS qe 2 16 ORGE EMG y EM NT E 2 16 DHCP Server rere PIAT TE meals seule TEST ET ele soun
67. a manager complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens Choose Communities Select the community from which you want to delete the manager The SNMP Community List window opens 6 Choose Community The Community menu opens 7 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens Select the manager that you want to delete Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 10 Choose Delete Manager The Delete SNMP Manager window opens 11 Make sure that the correct manager IP address appears 12 Click on Delete The Configuration Manager removes the manager from the community 3 18 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Configuring SNMP View Based Access Control The SNMP view based access control feature allows you to modify what can or cannot be seen of a router s MIB tree You can include or exclude from a view any MIB object attribute or instance in the router s MIB You can also include or exclude access to a MIB subtree for traps and to the SNMP operations get get next and set Note Because of the way that SNMP works the SNMP get next function does not allow you to exclude an attribute and include
68. a variable in a held state must pass before the variable is no longer considered held complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens continued 3 38 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 14 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Threshold Object Name By default the ASN 1 object identifier is the object name that appears in the threshold event message You can replace the ASN 1 object identifier by specifying a name for the object in string format The string that you enter appears in the log file making it easier to identify the object that is the subject of the trap To specify a threshold object name complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3
69. air knee 3 32 Adding a Threshold sicut DREAMS besides dida ined RRi T 3 33 Enabling and Disabling Thveshokts koi a Varlable EET 3 33 Specifying a Value for the Threshold Level sssssssssseeee 3 34 Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages sssssseee 3 35 SOC I Viti Tes Ro UNIS user ttd ae t daas prota ibo ect aao a bo ERE 3 36 Determining When to Record Threshold Events TT m reer Te cri Specifying the Maximum Number of Successive Alarms ssssesssssss 3 37 Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables c cccscceseeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 3 38 Specifying a Threshold Object Name TET E bes nono 308644 14 00 Rev 00 vii Chapter 4 Customizing BootP Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters ccccceceseceeseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeaeeeteneees 4 2 Disabling and Reenabling BOOP ssc sericis er tii erc a e nr gna ROG AR Tem Enabling ARP Cache Support EHE errr terre rer eres hese arenai en 4B Specifying the Maximum Number of Hops inii Client to i Sur Lbs Apad ioco 4 4 Specifying a Minimum Timeout Value sse 4 5 Specifying the Relay Mode for Packet Forwarding cccssscecseeeeeeeeeeseteeeeeeeeeeees 4 6 Setting Up the Routing Path from the BootP Server to the Router ssussss 4 7 Enabling BootP on Router Interfaces user diete tread er eo arte ei
70. al Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Safe Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 26 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Maximum Number of Pending Leases By default the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager is 2 You can increase the maximum number of pending leases by specifying a value from 1 through 255 When the number of lease requests sent to the NetID Server Manager and pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager reaches the configured value the DHCP server holds all subsequent lease requests When the number of pending requests decreases to half this value the DHCP server begins forwarding requests to the NetID Server Manager again To specify the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens continued 6 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing the DHCP Server Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 3 Choose DHCP System responds The DHCP menu o
71. anager Procedure continued You do this System responds 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 8 Choose Add Manager The Add SNMP Manager window opens Enter the IP address of the SNMP manager that you want to add 10 Click on OK The Configuration Manager adds the manager to the community Configuring a Manager to Receive Traps After you add a manager to a community you can configure the manager to receive traps by specifying its UDP port number and the types of traps that the agent sends to that manager When you configure a manager to receive specific traps or all traps see Table 3 2 on page 3 16 the router sends this manager all enabled event traps There is no MIB correspondence between a specific SNMP manager and a trap entity Rather all SNMP managers that you configure to receive specific traps receive all traps that you configure Specifying the Trap Port By default the standard port number on the managing station to which the SNMP agent transmits traps is 162 To use a different UDP port number specify a value from 1 through 9999 Do not specify a port that another application uses 3 14 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Using the BCC Customizing SNMP To s
72. arameter DHCP server 6 5 A 25 O operating mode configuring for DHCP server 6 5 Output IP Address parameter BootP DHCP address 4 11 A 19 P packets BootP 2 10 DHCP 2 19 parameters Site Manager A 1 Pass Through Mode parameter BootP DHCP forwarding interface 5 3 A 20 BootP DHCP preferred server 4 18 5 3 A 23 BootP DHCP relay agent interface 4 6 5 4 A 17 Ping Timeout parameter DHCP server 6 5 A 25 ping timeout value specifying for DHCP server 6 4 Polling Interval parameter SNMP threshold global 3 32 A 9 preferred server configuring BootP 4 15 DHCP 5 3 product support xix publications hard copy xviii R read write access restricting on SNMP router 1 5 Relay Agent IP Address parameter BootP DHCP preferred server 4 15 A 22 relay agent BootP customizing 4 2 description 2 11 Index 4 forwarding table specifying interfaces for 4 9 passing packets to DHCP servers 2 20 route forwarding BootP configuring 4 9 disabling 4 12 S Safe Mode parameter DHCP server 6 6 A 26 Server Manager IP Address parameter DHCP server 6 2 A 24 severity levels events 2 6 show snmp commands B 1 Simple Network Management Protocol See SNMP Site Manager paramaters A 1 SNMP agents 2 2 applications 2 2 authentication failure traps enabling disabling 3 7 communities See communities SNMP customizing 3 1 description 2 2 disabling 3 3 enabling 1 5 3 3 e
73. ass Through Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv BOOTP BOOTP DHCP BOOTP DHCP Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests to the target server Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 23 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services DHCP Server Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure DHCP server global parameters in the DHCP Global Parameters window Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global Enable Disable Enable Specifies whether the DHCP server is enabled or disabled on the router Select Enable to enable the DHCP server on the router Select Disable to disable the DHCP server on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 2 Server Manager IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the NetID Server Manager that provides and manages DHCP lease i
74. ate enabled snmp Using Site Manager To configure a trap exception complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu open 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Exceptions The Trap Exceptions List window opens 6 Click on Add The Add Trap window opens continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 29 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this Entity Code Event Code 7 Setthe following parameters Always Never Trap Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 7 System responds 8 Click on OK You return to the Trap Exceptions List window Deleting Trap Exceptions You can delete a trap exception by specifying the entity name and the event code for the trap event Using the BCC To delete a trap exception navigate to the trap exception prompt for example box snmp trap event ip 3 and enter delete For example the following command deletes the trap exception for IP protocol event code 3 trap event ip 3 delete snmp Using Site Manager To delete a trap exception complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System re
75. ation as the one that contains the NetID database Because the DHCP server uses the information in the NetID database to assign IP addresses and host configuration information you need to set up your network configuration using the NetID Management Console before the DHCP server can operate correctly Using the NetID Management Console you configure a DHCP server and make IP addresses available for dynamic allocation For more information about installing the NetID Server Manager and setting your network configuration using the NetID Management Console see the NetID System Administrator s Guide To create and enable the DHCP server on the router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Create DHCP 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services After you create and enable the DHCP server on the router you must enable the DHCP server on an IP interface By default the DHCP server is disabled on an IP interface To enable the DHCP server on an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Ch
76. complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System repsonds 1 Enable BootP on the interface For instructions see Starting BootP Services on page 1 6 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens OUR V N Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BootP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens Set the Pass Through Mode parameter to DHCP or to BootP DHCP 7 Click on Apply Edit the parameters in this window For instructions see Customizing BootP Relay Agent Parameters on page 4 2 You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Starting a DHCP Server You must use Site Manager to start a DHCP server Before you begin you must do the following 1 Verify that IP is configured on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 Configure TCP on the router For instructions on how to configure TCP on a router see Configuring IP Utilities Configure the NetID Server Manager to communicate with the DHCP server For the DHCP server to operate you must first install the NetID Server Manager on a Windows NT or UNIX workstation and configure it to communicate with the DHCP server Typically you install the NetID Server Manager on the same workst
77. ct the address within a certain period of time the server reclaims it The address is then available for other clients The BootP relay agent receives the DHCPOFFER packet and examines the packet If the BootP relay agent accepts the packet it forwards it to the client If a client does not receive a DHCPOFFER packet within a specified amount of time after broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet it sends the packet again The client may rebroadcast the packet a number of times However clients operating on systems running Windows 95 broadcast four DHCPDISCOVER packets each 2 seconds apart The client may receive DHCPOFFER packets from several potential servers If you configure the client to wait for multiple responses it compares configuration parameters in the DHCPOFFER packets to decide which server to target 2 20 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts Requesting and Receiving IP Information Figure 2 7 shows the next stage of the process for acquiring a new IP address from a router configured as a BootP relay agent DHCP Client broadcasts 2 BootP relay agent server DHCP a DHCPREQUEST transmits DHCPREQUEST client packet packet to all servers that supplied a E DHCPOFFER packet E gt gt E a E lt 4 lt BootP relay agent E 3 Target server transmits transmits
78. d 2 16 NetID Server MSIE coda totas ood Dade tu qr ra aaa a pbi da ied 2 16 BootP DHCP Relay Implementation 1 iiec ream iniaa 2 17 Acaduiring an IP eo e 2 18 Reacquiring the Same IP Address sen eter emnt am em oos 2 22 DHCP Server Implementation PA R TIT eee I aD d 2 23 PCCM an IP Fc 2 24 Reacquiring the Same IP Address cccceeececeeeeeeeeeneeeceaaeeeeaaeeseeeeeteaeeesanes 2 27 Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP Configuring SNMP Using the BCC and Site Manager ceccsscceeeesseeesessteeeessneeees OTZ Customizing SNMP Global Parameters T ooreis m TT bends eraen E E Disabling and Resnabling SNMP iauiduiiocus di reete eo Cu deo pericandu ie i 3 3 Enabling and Disabling the SNMP Lock Mechanism seseeseeeeeeeree 3 4 Spenge Los Address qun orardsa taria te n dade teber tud vun ilsate tav ene o bci mon pope URS 3 6 speciving a Lock TITIO MSIE ssiri rar ah ban aga d Fc euo 3 6 Enabling and Disabling Authentication Failure Traps eeeseeeeeeeee 3 7 Specifying the Type of Service for SNMP Packets ssssesseeeee 3 9 Adding SNMP COMMUNES 12 re e ROG D Fa bd ten La pce n RH PCR ES RR 3 9 Specifying an SNMP Community Name LL eene teretin ee rnit tn kan enean e reiini 3 9 Specifying Community Access Privileges emen science etae nnn attt crine pa 3 10 Delsing a SNMP COMIN ws scars ss cies andis kde iaaa auf bua En 3 12 vi 30
79. d I F Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this forwarding route is active Select Enable to allow BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route Select Disable to prevent BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 2 Pass Through Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F BOOTP BOOTP DHCP BOOTP DHCP Specifies whether the interface relays BootP DHCP or both BootP and DHCP requests Select BOOTP to relay BootP requests Select DHCP to relay DHCP requests Select BOOTP and DHCP to relay both kinds of requests 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 5 A 20 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions BootP Client Interface Address Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Client Interface window IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Client I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install over a frame relay group access PVC connection to the router Enter the IP address of the remote AN 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 1 1 1 3 DLCI Number Configuration Ma
80. d TT m rd Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQU EST Fas R ede 4 9 Creating a BootP Relay Agent Forwarding Table ccccccscesseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 4 10 Specifying the IP Interface Input Output Address Pair T c 4 10 Deleting an IP Interface Input Output Address Pair ssssssss 4 11 Disabling Booth Route Forwarding ccsuicctsssssssurtesssudusreadduuai se s esi manui sacer 4 12 Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Relay PVC usses 4 13 Creating a BootP Client Interface Table cececeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeaaeenes 4 13 Specifying Servers for BootP Services GI were e T T peeps 4 14 Configuring BOOP Prefered SORES ssccicssinntssccacney inccdacesdctessmredicnesmededauadatepionctante 4 15 Specifying the Target Server s Host Name sss 4 16 Disabling the Forwarding Route rrr D bier merece T m beri 4 16 Filtering BoeolP and DHCP PAKES 1 perte ei D ar oa LO Re Ex bad 4 17 Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface sss 4 18 Rudern 4 19 Chapter 5 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Setting Up the Routing Path from the DHCP Server to the Router aiei Pree eee Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets 5 2 Defining DACP SOVGIS iuiicecusorcec tide grain nce Nain can Cano edis cas Rd UK aad adie
81. d slot number Attribute that controls the entity s info messages On The router generates this trap whenever an info event occurs for this entity and slot number Off The router does not generate this trap whenever an info event occurs for this entity and slot number Attribute that controls the entity s trace messages On The router generates this trap whenever a trace event occurs for this entity and slot number Off The router does not generate this trap whenever a trace event occurs for this entity and slot number Attribute that controls the entity s debug messages On The router generates this trap whenever a debug event occurs for this entity and slot number Off The router does not generate this trap whenever a debug event occurs for this entity and slot number 308644 14 00 Rev 00 show snmp trap event SNMP show Commands The show snmp trap event command displays the events configured as SNMP traps The output includes the following information Event Name Event Entity Event Number State Name of the software module reporting the event Number of the software module reporting the event Number of the slot on which the event occurred Configured state of the trap enabled or disabled 308644 14 00 Rev 00 B 5 A access control SNMP view based communities configuring 3 23 deleting 3 24 listing information for 3 23 views associating with a community 3 23 configuring
82. dow opens continued 3 34 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the following parameters Threshold Low Value Threshold Medium Value Threshold High Value Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 10 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Severity Level for Event Messages You can specify the severity level of the event message that the agent generates when a variable exceeds a low medium or high threshold level You can specify one of these severity levels e Information allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Warning allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate that an unexpected situation occurred e Debug allows low medium or high threshold exceptions to generate events that you can use to solve network problems To specify the severity level for event messages complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens c
83. dress that the DHCP server allocates to a client for fixed periods of time called lease times The client can extend the lease so that it continues to use the same dynamic address When the client leaves the network the client typically releases the address and the DHCP server can assign it to another client Static BootP address An address that a DHCP server allocates dynamically with no fixed time period Unlike a dynamic DHCP address a static BootP address has an infinite lease time When the client leaves the network it must send a message to the DHCP server to release the address The address is then available for the DHCP server to reassign Dynamic IP Address Allocation If you have only a limited number of IP addresses in a TCP IP network DHCP enables you to efficiently use and reuse IP addresses by implementing a concept called IP address leasing A DHCP client can lease an IP address from a DHCP server for a fixed configurable period of time The lease period can range from 1 minute to 99 years If you have more clients than IP addresses using shorter leases can prevent you from running out of addresses If you have more addresses than clients you can use permanent addresses or you can assign fixed addresses to specific clients When a lease expires the DHCP client can contact the DHCP server to renew the lease Typically the client attempts to renew the lease halfway through the lease period For example
84. e Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window opens 6 Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Filtering BootP and DHCP Packets You can control whether an interface transmits BootP packets DHCP packets or both to a server by configuring filters for these specific packets The default setting is BootP and allows the interface to transmit only BootP packets Change the setting if you want to transmit DHCP messages To filter BootP and DHCP packets complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 17 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this Choose BOOTP System responds The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interfac
85. e Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Pref Serv The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window opens 6 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 7 Click on Apply 8 Click on Done You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface To delete a BootP relay agent from an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on the interface from which you want to delete BootP 6 Click on Delete The Configuration Manager deletes the BootP relay agent and all forwarding table entries that you specified from the selected interface 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Deleting BootP Globally Customizing BootP To globally delete BootP and thereby DHCP from all interfaces on a router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1
86. e access allowed for members of that community In this way the SNMP community prevents unauthorized managers from viewing or changing the configuration of a router For information about configuring SNMP managers see Configuring SNMP Community Managers on page 3 13 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts SNMP View Based Access Control SNMP view based access control allows you to filter the information from an SNMP agent thereby letting you control the view of the network For example a service provider can create a unique view for two different customers so that each customer sees only the statistics and configuration information that the service provider wants each to see The customer can view these statistics remotely using Site Manager To configure view based access control you must use either the BCC or the Technician Interface You enable an SNMP agent view by associating a view with a community A community can have only one agent view associated with it however the view itself can contain many different MIB subtree inclusions and exclusions For information about how to configure list or delete a view or its contents see Configuring SNMP View Based Access Control on page 3 19 SNMP Implementation Notes This section contains information about features specific to the Nortel Networks implementation of SNMP Internet Protocol SNMP uses the User Datagram Protocol UDP to
87. e client request information to the NetID Server Manager The NetID Server Manager updates its database and sends a committed update message back to the DHCP server The DHCP server that originally supplied the configuration parameters recognizes them and responds with a DHCPACK packet When a client receives a DHCPACK packet from the DHCP server it accepts or declines the parameters as it would when receiving a new IP address If a client s request is invalid for example if the client has moved to a new network servers respond with a DHCPNAK packet If a client receives only DHCPNAK packets it must request a new IP address by broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 27 Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP This chapter describes how to customize SNMP services It assumes that you configured an IP interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services and that you understand the SNMP concepts in Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts Topic Page Configuring SNMP Using the BCC and Site Manager 3 2 Customizing SNMP Global Parameters 3 3 Adding SNMP Communities 3 9 Configuring SNMP Community Managers 1 Configuring SNMP View Based Access Control 3 19 Configuring Traps on the Router 3 25 Configuring Thresholds 31 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP
88. ecifying a Trap Type You can specify one of four types of traps that the SNMP agent can send to the manager generic specific all or none Table 3 2 describes these trap options Table 3 2 Trap Types Sent by the SNMP Agent Trap Type Description Generic This is the default trap type It sends the well defined SNMP traps cold start warm start and authentication failure traps to the manager The cold start and warm start traps are automatically active in the SNMP agent however you must enable the Authentication Failure Traps global parameter for the agent to send such traps to a specified manager Specific Allows you to configure the agent software to send all enabled log event traps to a specified manager All Allows you to send cold start and warm start traps and all enabled log event traps to a specified manager None Prohibits the SNMP agent from sending traps to a specified manager Using the BCC By default the SNMP agent sends generic traps to the manager To specify a different type of trap navigate to the manager specific prompt for example box snmp community router1 manager router1 2 2 2 2 and enter traps lt trap_type gt trap_type is one of the following generic specific all none For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to send specific traps to manager 2 2 2 2 manager routerl 2 2 2 2 traps specific manager routerl 2 2 2 2f 3 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00
89. en the agent exceeds the maximum number of alarms it marks the threshold as held The agent generates no more alarms until the variable either crosses the threshold at a different level or crosses no threshold for the number of polling intervals equal to the value of the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 37 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services To specify the maximum number of successive alarms complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Set the Threshold Max Successive Alarms parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 14 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Polling Intervals for Held Variables You can specify the number of exception free polling intervals through which a variable in a held state must pass before the variable is no longer considered held The lower the number that you specify the more likely the agent is to generate repetitive event messages for a variable that is intermittently exceeding thresholds To specify the number of exception free polling intervals through which
90. eters recognizes them and responds with a DHCPACK packet 5 Whenaclient receives a DHCPACK packet it accepts or declines the parameters as it would when receiving a new IP address If a client s request is invalid for example if the client has moved to a new network servers respond with a DHCPNAK packet If a client receives only DHCPNAK packets it must request a new IP address by broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet 2 22 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts DHCP Server Implementation The DHCP server implementation allows you to configure a router to act as a DHCP server In this scenario the DHCP server acting in proxy fashion uses the NetID Server Manager to manage and maintain IP addresses and configuration information stored in its database Figure 2 8 The DHCP server uses the information in the database to assign IP addresses and host configuration information to DHCP clients For more information about configuring a DHCP server see Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration on page 6 2 Figure 2 8 illustrates a DHCP server implementation NetID Server Manager DHCP E client g TA L 7 2 E DHCP cS ue ciet gt ae l lt 5 lt 2 Router DHCP server DC0004A Figure 2 8 DHCP Server Implementation 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 23 Configuring SN
91. etworks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall not sublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Nortel Networks will replace defective media at
92. evel causes additional messages to appear in the log file Because additional information can rapidly fill the log file and cause loss of other information change the debug level only to resolve critical problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 9 Local IP Address Configuration Manager Protocols Global Protocols DHCP Global 0 0 0 0 Valid IP address Specifies the IP address that the DHCP server uses to identify itself to the NetID Server Manager serving this DHCP server Enter the IP address of the DHCP server This address must correspond to the address of an actual local interface configured on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 27 Appendix B SNMP show Commands To display configuration and statistical information about SNMP from the management information base MIB use the BCC show snmp command This appendix includes descriptions of the following show commands Command Page show snmp community B 2 show snmp stats B show snmp trap entity B 4 show snmp trap event B 5 308644 14 00 Rev 00 B 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services show snmp community The show snmp community command displays information about SNMP communities configured on the router An SNMP community is a logical relationship between the SNMP agent on the router and one or more SNMP managers The output includes the following information SNMP Management Communities
93. f agents SNMP Messages SNMP managers and network elements communicate with each other by sending SNMP messages Figure 2 1 2 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts The management station issues three types of SNMP messages to retrieve single or multiple object variables e GetRequest messages e GetNextRequest messages e SetRequest messages The agent acknowledges all three types of messages by passing a GetResponse message to the management application In addition an agent may issue a trap to the network management station to identify a condition such as a threshold that exceeds a predefined value SNMP management station SNMP agent Managed resources Management application 433320 E See eS tee t SNMP managed objects Application 5 manages objects 5 D o D o 9 5l g 9 g 2s o o 3 o o Oo 3 o o ac o Qo Q o ao o Q Q c xyle s g c x s8ig D o c D oO o E o 295 8 2 3s o 9 o e SNMP manager Wem SNMP agent SNMP messages UDP UDP IP IP Network dependent protocols Network dependent protocols Network or internetwork SNM00012A Figure 2 1 Role of SNMP 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services SNMP Communities For security reasons the SNMP agent validates each request from an SNMP manager before responding to the request by
94. f 120 the agent generates an event message similar to the following 1 08 27 99 10 53 20 802 INFO SLOT 2 STA CODE 6 Object 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 4 10 1 24 with value 120 units hour is low threshold You can however identify objects more easily by configuring the software to report the object name rather than the OID in the event message To configure the software to report the object name in the event message use the Threshold Label parameter see Specifying a Threshold Object Name on page 3 39 For example if you set the Threshold Label parameter to wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1 Threshold the agent generates an event message similar to the following 1 08 27 99 10 53 20 802 INFO SLOT 2 STA CODE 6 Object wfCctOptsCngcCfgOplThreshold with value 120 units hour is gt low threshold State of a Threshold If the collision rate stays above a threshold for an extended period of time the agent continues to generate a new event every 5 seconds You can specify the maximum number of event messages that you want the agent to generate before it changes the threshold s state to held When the threshold is in a held state the agent does not generate new events unless the statistic exceeds the threshold at a different level If the statistic does not exceed any threshold for a specified number of polling periods the agent no longer considers the threshold held 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 9 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHC
95. f the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Nortel Networks 4401 Great America Parkway PO Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLED
96. ge database look on the documentation CD that comes with BayRS or look on the Web at support baynetworks com library tpubs events Severity Levels Event and trap messages are always associated with a severity level Table 2 1 describes the severity levels and gives the code that corresponds to each one This guide does not cover Debug messages because they are for Nortel Networks internal use only Table 2 1 Severity Levels Severity Description Code Information Indicates routine events that usually require no action 2 Warning Indicates that a service acted in an unexpected manner 4 Fault Indicates a major service disruption usually caused by a 8 configuration network or hardware problem The entities involved keep restarting until the problem is resolved Trace Indicates information about each packet that traversed the 10 network Nortel Networks recommends viewing this type of trap message only when diagnosing network problems Debug Indicates information that Nortel Networks Customer Support uses These messages are not documented 2 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts SNMP Trap Format Some third party network management applications such as NetExpert OpenView and SunNet let you trigger an operation when a specific SNMP trap is received This section describes the SNMP trap format The router platform transmits a Nortel Networks
97. h an error status designated as noSuchName Total number of PDUs delivered with an error status designated as badValue continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 B 3 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services show snmp trap entity Generated PDUs with readOnly Error Generated PDUs with genErr Error Total number of PDUs delivered with an error status designated as readOnly Total number of PDUs delivered with an error status designated as genErr The show snmp trap entity command displays information about traps generated on the router The output includes the following information Entity Name Entity Number Slot Number State Fault Message Warning Message Info Message Trace Message Debug Message Name of this entity on the router Number of this entity on the router Number of the slot where this entity is configured Operating state of this entity enabled or disabled Attribute that controls the entity s fault messages On The router generates this trap whenever a fault event occurs for this entity and slot number Off The router does not generate this trap whenever a fault event occurs for this entity and slot number Attribute that controls the entity s warning messages On The router generates this trap whenever a warning event occurs for this entity and slot number Off The router does not generate this trap whenever a warning event occurs for this entity an
98. iguring BootP for AN router 4 13 H Hops parameter BootP DHCP relay agent interface 4 5 A 16 host name of target BootP DHCP server configuring 4 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00 implementation notes SNMP 2 5 Input IP Address parameter BootP DHCP address 4 11 A 19 Interface Priority parameter BootP DHCP relay agent interface A 17 IP address acquiring through BootP 2 18 acquiring through DHCP 2 14 2 18 DHCP client checking availability of address for 6 4 DHCP server specifying for 6 2 NetID Server Manager specifying for 6 2 relay agent BootP or DHCP specifying for 4 15 target server specifying for 4 15 IP Address parameter BootP DHCP client interface address 4 14 A 21 IP configuration 1 4 IP starting 1 2 L lease requests DHCP specifying maximum number of pending 6 6 Local IP Address parameter DHCP server 6 3 A 27 lock mechanism SNMP 3 4 Lock TimeOut parameter SNMP global 3 7 A 4 managers SNMP adding 3 13 deleting 3 17 description 2 2 traps configuring to receive 3 14 Max No Pending Leases parameter DHCP server 6 7 A 26 memory use for configuring thresholds 2 10 N NetID Management Console 1 8 Index 3 NetID Server Manager description 2 16 DHCP server port number specifying 6 3 IP address for communication with DHCP server specifying 6 2 port number specifying for DHCP server 6 3 requirement for DHCP server 1 8 Number of Pings p
99. in the BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY packets 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 11 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Hardware address Operation 1 Hardware type 1 length 1 Hops 1 Transaction ID 4 Seconds 2 Flags 2 Client IP address 4 Your IP address 4 Server IP address 4 Gateway IP address 16 Client hardware address 16 Server name 64 File name 128 Vendor specific area 64 The number in parentheses indicates the number of octets in each field SNMO0001A Figure 2 4 BOOTREQUEST and BOOTREPLY Fields The packet relay process uses these fields as follows 1 When a router interface receives a BOOTREQUEST packet the router examines the seconds and hops fields in the packet and compares these values to BootP parameters that you configured on that interface The seconds field contains the minimum number of seconds that the router waits before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet If the value in the seconds field of the packet is less than the value of the Timeout Secs parameter configured on the interface the router drops the packet The hops field contains the maximum number of hops that a packet can take between the source and destination devices If the packet has traversed more hops than the value of the hops parameter specified for that interface the router drops the packet 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP
100. iple pairs of incoming and outgoing interfaces to support connections to multiple routers in your network For more information about configuring a forwarding table see Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Specifying the IP Interface Input Output Address Pair You create the BootP relay agent forwarding table by specifying the IP interface addresses input and output of the pair that you want to receive and forward BOOTREQUEST packets If you enter an IP address that is not configured on the router the notation appears before the IP address example 111 111 111 111 After you configure the IP address on the router Site Manager replaces with the appropriate address Do not specify an unnumbered interface for the input or output IP interface address parameters If you want to use an unnumbered interface to transmit BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to the servers you must set up a preferred server see Configuring BootP Preferred Servers on page 4 15 To specify the IP interface input output address pair complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens continued 4 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Ch
101. ity Managers This section describes how to add and delete SNMP community members managers It also describes how to configure managers to receive traps from the SNMP agent Adding a Manager After you add a community name on the router and assign access privileges to it you can add one or more community members called managers By default the IP address 0 0 0 0 is a manager in the public community Note When you add the first IP interface Site Manager automatically creates a read write public community with a wildcard manager 0 0 0 0 For security reasons you should replace the public community and wildcard manager with a unique community specifying a limited list of managers Using the BCC To add a manager to a community navigate to the community prompt for example box snmp community router1 and enter manager address ip address For example the following command creates a manager with an IP address of 2 2 2 2 and assigns it to the community routerl community router14 manager address 2 2 2 2 manager routerl 2 2 2 24 Using Site Manager To add a manager to a particular community complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 13 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site M
102. lay uses the BootP relay agent to forward packets to and receive packets from DHCP servers You must define a forwarding route for DHCP packets by defining a relationship between an interface that receives DHCP packets from clients and an interface that sends DHCP packets to servers When you define this type of relationship the interface pair appears in the BootP relay agent forwarding table For instructions see Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Packets on page 4 9 To allow the BootP relay agent to forward DHCP packets complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP services on the router 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens continued 5 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 6 Select the address pair that you want to configure System responds 7 Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 20 8 Click on Apply 9 Click on Done
103. leges description 2 4 specifying 3 10 adding 3 9 3 22 Index 1 communities SNMP continued agent views 2 5 deleting 3 12 description 2 4 managers configuring 3 13 name specifying 3 9 Community Name parameter SNMP community 3 10 A 5 configuring BootP preferred servers 4 15 relay agent 4 2 routing path between BootP server and router 4 7 DHCP server 6 2 IP for global protocols 1 2 SNMP community managers 3 13 global parameters 3 3 thresholds 3 31 trap exceptions 3 28 traps 3 25 view based access control 3 19 conventions text xvi customer support xix customizing BootP 4 1 BootP DHCP relay 5 1 DHCP server 6 1 SNMP 3 1 D Debug Level parameter DHCP server 6 7 A 27 deleting BootP globally 4 19 relay from IP interface 4 18 BootP DHCP globally 5 5 relay from an IP interface 5 4 DHCP globally 4 19 6 9 server from the router 6 9 Index 2 SNMP communities 3 12 managers 3 17 trap exceptions 3 30 view contents 3 22 views 3 22 DHCP client description 2 16 customizing BootP DHCP relay 5 1 deleting globally 4 19 6 9 relay from an IP interface 5 4 description 2 14 enabling on an interface 1 7 hops specifying maximum number of 4 4 interoperability with BootP 2 14 packet description 2 19 preferred servers specifying 5 3 relay mode specifying 4 6 servers specifying preferred 5 3 timeout specifying minimum 4 4 See also BootP
104. locking manager issues an SNMP set command Enter the number of minutes only if you set the Use Lock parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 4 Authentication Failure Traps Configuration Manager Protocols IP SNMP Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the router attempts to generate an authentication failure trap when it receives an SNMP message from an SNMP manager falsely claiming to be in a particular community or specifying an unknown community Select Enable to enable the router to generate authentication failure traps If you select Enable you must configure an SNMP manager to receive the trap You configure a trap in the Trap Configuration window Select Disable to prohibit the router from generating authentication failure traps 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 1 3 5 A 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions SNMP Community Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP community parameters in the SNMP Community window Community Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Add Community Edit Community None Any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces Specifies the name of the SNMP c
105. lowing e IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter e IP address of the server that should receive the BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packet from the relay agent The router can then unicast a BOOTREQUEST packet through normal IP services to that server To specify the relay agent IP address and the preferred BootP server complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 5 Click on Pref Serv 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens The BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Preferred Server Configuration window opens 7 Setthe following parameters Relay Agent IP Address Target Server IP Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 22 8 Click on OK You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Preferred Server Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the BootP Relay Agent Interface Table window 10 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 15 Configuring
106. m the upstream router This process is called EZ Install If you plan to configure an AN router to use EZ Install over a frame relay PVC in group access mode you must create a BootP client interface table You do not need to create this table if you configured the frame relay PVC to operate in direct access mode The BootP client interface table allows you to associate the IP address of a remote AN router with the DLCI of its frame relay group access PVC If the upstream router s interface to the booting router is a frame relay group access PVC you must connect to the upstream router and create a BootP client interface table in addition to a BootP relay agent forwarding table For information about configuring an AN to use EZ Install see Installing and Operating BayStack AN and ANH Routers For information about DLCIs and frame relay see Configuring Frame Relay Services Creating a BootP Client Interface Table You create a BootP client interface table by specifying the following e P address of the remote AN router that will boot using EZ Install over a frame relay group access PVC connection to the router e Frame relay PVC identification number whose destination is the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install Enter in decimal format the DLCI number assigned by your frame relay service provider The frame relay network uses the DLCI number to direct data flow 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 13 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Ser
107. mmediately send back a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client without waiting for a commit succeeded acknowledgment from the NetID Server Manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 7 Max No Pending Leases Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global 2 1 to 255 Specifies the maximum number of lease requests sent to the DHCP server that are pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager When the number of lease requests sent to the NetID Server Manager and pending commitment by the NetID Server Manager reaches this value the DHCP server holds all subsequent lease requests until the number of requests pending decreases to half this value Then the DHCP server begins transmitting requests to the NetID Server Manager again Accept the default 2 or specify a number from 1 through 255 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 8 A 26 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Debug Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global 0 1 to 10 Specifies the debug level messaging that you want to display in the log file for the DHCP server Normally only debug messages with a debug level of 0 are written to the log file Specify the debug messaging level Specifying a higher debug l
108. n all interfaces enter the following command g wftBootpRelayIntfEntry wfBootpRelayIntfArpCache Specifying the Maximum Number of Hops from Client to Server A hop is the logical distance between a source device and a destination device Source device combinations can include a BootP relay agent and a BootP server a client and a BootP relay agent or two BootP relay agents By default the maximum number of hops that a packet can take from the source device to the destination device client to server is four If the value in the hops field of a BOOTREQUEST packet is greater than the configured maximum value the router drops the packet To specify the maximum number of hops from client to server complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens continued 4 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP services on the router 5 Set the Hops parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 16 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to
109. n parameters it sends a DHCPDECLINE packet to the server and issues a new DHCPDISCOVER packet Otherwise the client accepts the configuration parameters e If the target server cannot supply the requested configuration parameters it sends a DHCPNAK packet to the client through the BootP relay agent When the client receives the DHCPNAK packet it broadcasts a new DHCPDISCOVER packet and the process begins again A client may choose to relinquish its IP address before the lease period expires by sending a DHCPRELEASE packet to the server This packet contains the relinquished IP address in the client IP address field and the client s MAC address in the client hardware address field Reacquiring the Same IP Address A client may want to reuse an IP address that a server allocated earlier using a BootP relay agent In this case the interchange between client and server omits some of the steps described in the previous sections The client can acquire the same IP address again using a BootP relay agent by following these steps 1 The client starts the interchange by broadcasting a DHCPREQUEST packet that contains its previous IP address in the client IP address field 2 The BootP relay agent receives the packet and forwards it to DHCP servers on other networks 3 DHCP servers examine the client s configuration parameters in the options field of the DHCPREQUEST packet 4 The server that originally supplied the configuration param
110. nager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Client I F Add None 16 to 1007 Specifies the frame relay PVC identification number whose destination is the remote AN that will boot using EZ Install The frame relay network uses the DLCI number to direct data flow Enter the DLCI number in decimal format for the group access PVC to the remote AN Use the DLCI number assigned by your frame relay service provider 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 1 1 1 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 21 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services BootP Preferred Server Configuration Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP preferred server configuration parameters Relay Agent IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that receives BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients and then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 3 Target Server IP Address C
111. nager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that receives BOOTREQUEST packets from clients Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets from clients then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 3 Output IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forward I F gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP interface that forwards BOOTREQUEST packets to an external network Enter the IP address of a numbered network interface that you want to send BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to servers and then configure this IP address on the router if you have not already done so Do not specify an unnumbered interface for this parameter If you want to use an unnumbered interface to send BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets to servers you must set up a preferred server 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 2 1 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Forwar
112. nformation for this DHCP server Enter the IP address of the NetID DHCP Server Manager 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 3 DHCP Server TCP Port Number Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global None A valid TCP port number Specifies the remote port number over which the DHCP server on the router communicates with the NetID Server Manager Enter a remote port number on the DHCP server that matches the port number for the NetID Server Manager For information about specifying a remote port number for the NetID Server Manager see the NetID System Administrator s Guide 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 4 A 24 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Number of Pings Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global 1 1 to 9999 Specifies the number of ping attempts that the DHCP server makes to the IP address of the prospective DHCP client to detect possible conflicts before declaring the client address available Accept the default 1 or specify a number from 1 through 9999 to determine the number of ping attempts that the DCHP server makes to the prospective DHCP client IP address Normally a DHCP server makes only one ping attempt 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 5 Ping Time
113. nities by specifying the name of the community The community name can consist of up to 63 characters including embedded spaces Using the BCC To create a community name navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and enter community lt name gt name is any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 9 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services For example the following commands create a community named router1 and display its default values snmp community router1 community router1 info label routerl access read only scope type Using Site Manager To specify the name of a community complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Add Community The Add SNMP Community window opens 7 Setthe Community Name parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 8 Click on OK You return to the SNMP Community List window Specifying Community Access Privileges After you specify the name of the community you must assign access privileges to all members of
114. nmpserver community pubnet view block Listing Community Information To list information index name associated view and access rights for a specific community or for all configured communities enter snmpserver community community name list e community name is the name of the community for which you want to display this information If you do not specify the community name argument the command displays information for all configured communities 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 23 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services e list displays information for a particular community or for all communities depending on whether you specify the community name argument For example to list information for a community named pubnet enter snmpserver community pubnet list The command displays the following Community Community Associated Index Name View Access 2 pubnet block read write To see a complete list of all configured communities enter the following command Note that a community named public is always configured by default snmpserver community list The command displays the following Community Community Index Name Associated View Access 1 public none read write 2 pubnet block read write 3 private secret read only Disassociating a View from a Community You can disassociate a view from a community or delete a community record which automatically removes the view association To disassociate a view from
115. nterface To delete BootP DHCP relay from an IP interface while maintaining BootP on that interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table Click on Forward I F The BOOTP menu opens The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens Select the address pair from which you want to delete BootP DHCP forwarding Set the Pass Through Mode parameter to BOOTP Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 23 8 Click on Apply 9 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window To delete both BootP DHCP relay and BootP from an IP interface delete the BootP relay agent on that interface For instructions see Deleting the BootP Relay Agent from an IP Interface on page 4 18 5 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Deleting BootP DHCP Relay Globally To delete BootP DHCP globally you must delete BootP globally For instructions see Deleting BootP Globally on page 4 19 308644 14 00 Rev 00 5 5 Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server This chapter describes how to customize the DHCP server configuration on the router It assumes that yo
116. obal The Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Polling Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 32 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Adding a Threshold Customizing SNMP To add a threshold complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens thresholds 5 Click on Add The Threshold Configuration window opens displaying a list of all MIB objects that the agent supports 6 Select the object to which you want to The object appears in the Object field apply a threshold 7 Enterthe instance identifier in the Instance field 8 Click on Save You return to the Threshold Interface Lists window 9 Click on Apply 10 Repeat steps 5 through 9 to add other Click on Done when you have finished adding thresholds You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling and Disabling Thresholds for a Variable You can decide whether to turn the threshold for a specific variable on or off by setting the Threshold Enable parameter To
117. ommunity Enter the SNMP community name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 2 1 3 Access Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Add Community Edit Community Read Only Read Only Read Write Specifies the access privileges that the router grants to all members of this SNMP community Select Read Only to allow members of this community to view configuration and performance information about this router Select Read Write to allow members of this community to not only view configuration and performance information about this router but also to change the router s configuration 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 5 2 1 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services SNMP Manager Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP manager parameters in the SNMP Manager window Trap Port Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt SNMP gt Communities gt Community gt Managers gt Manager gt Edit Manager 162 1 to 9999 Specifies the number of the UDP port on the management station to which the agent sends traps The standard port number for trap messages is 162 however you can enter a different port number Be sure not to specify a port that another application uses 1 3
118. on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 8 Click on OK You return to the SNMP Community List window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 11 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Deleting an SNMP Community You can delete an SNMP community to which the agent responds or sends traps Using the BCC To delete an SNMP community navigate to the community specific prompt for example box snmp community router1 and enter delete For example the following command deletes the community router1 community router1 delete snmp Using Site Manager To delete an SNMP community complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens Choose Communities Select the community that you want to delete The SNMP Community List window opens 6 Choose Community The Community menu opens 7 Choose Delete Community The Delete SNMP Community window opens Verify that the correct community name appears in the window Click on Cancel if you do not want to delete the selected community Click on Delete The Configuration Manager removes the community from the list 3 12 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Configuring SNMP Commun
119. onds address pair The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window no longer displays the 8 Click on Done You return to the BootP Relay Agent Interface Table window Disabling BootP Route Forwarding By default the route interface through which the router forwards BootP or DHCP packets to servers on the network is enabled You can disable BootP or DHCP packet forwarding through this route To disable BootP route forwarding complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair that you want to enable or disable 7 Setthe Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 20 8 Click on Apply Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP Configuring an AN to Use EZ Install over a Frame Relay PVC The upstream router is a booting router s next hop router By default when an AN router boots the router s synchronous interfaces try to get IP addresses fro
120. onfiguration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the address of a server that should receive BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets Enter the IP address of the server that should receive the BOOTREQUEST or DHCP packets 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 4 A 22 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the forwarding route is active Select Enable to allow BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route Select Disable to prevent BootP or DHCP forwarding through this route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 2 Target Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table gt Pref Serv None Any string of printable ASCII characters up to 63 characters in length including embedded spaces Specifies the target server s host name If you want to keep track of the names of BootP or DHCP servers enter the target server s host name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 3 1 5 P
121. ontinued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 35 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 5 Set the following parameters Threshold Low Event Level Threshold Medium Event Level Threshold High Event Level Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 10 System responds 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Threshold Units You can specify the units used to determine whether a variable has exceeded a threshold e To generate a threshold event when the variable s rate of change per second reaches a threshold set the Threshold Units parameter to Persecond e To generate a threshold event when the value of the variable reaches a threshold set the Threshold Units parameter to Absolute To specify threshold units complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds menu opens 4 Choose Thresholds The Thresholds Interface Lists window opens 5 Setthe Threshold Units parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 13 6 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 36 3086
122. oose IP 3 Choose BOOTP The IP menu opens The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Setthe DHCP Server Enable parameter to Enable Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 18 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window For information about modifying DHCP server parameters see Chapter 6 Customizing the DHCP Server 308644 14 00 Rev 00 1 9 Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts This chapter describes the concepts behind SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay and DHCP server services and how Nortel Networks routers implement them You can use this information to decide how to customize SNMP BootP BootP DHCP relay and DHCP server parameters for your system Topic Page SNMP Overview aa SNMP Implementation Notes 2 5 BootP Relay Agent Overview 2 1 DHCP Overview 2 14 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services SNMP Overview SNMP is a simple request response protocol that communicates management information between two types of SNMP software entities SNMP applications also called SNMP managers and SNMP agents SNMP applications contain manager software that runs on a network management station also known as an SNMP client such as a PC or a workstation The manager sof
123. oose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP services on the router 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Addresses window opens 7 Set the following parameters Input IP Address Output IP Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 19 8 Click on OK You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window Deleting an IP Interface Input Output Address Pair To delete an input output address pair from the BootP relay agent forwarding table complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Forward I F The BOOTP Relay Agent Forwarding Table window opens 6 Select the address pair that you want to delete continued 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 11 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 7 Click on Delete System resp
124. ore you begin verify that IP is configured on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 You can also enable IP and BootP on an interface simultaneously To enable BootP on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window click on the link or net module connector The Edit Connector window opens Choose Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens ay oe N Choose BOOTP and click on OK continued 1 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Choose File The File menu opens 7 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window Starting BootP DHCP Relay Using Site Manager you can start BootP DHCP relay using default values for all parameters If you decide to change some or all of the default values see Chapter 5 Customizing BootP DHCP Relay Before you begin you must verify that IP is configured on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 You can also enable IP BootP and BootP DHCP on the router simultaneously To enable BootP DHCP relay on an interface
125. ormat 2 7 severity level specifying 3 26 type specifying 3 16 Index 5 U UDP port number 3 14 UnNumbered Assoc Address parameter IP configuration 1 4 unnumbered interfaces for BootP and DHCP services 4 15 Use Lock parameter SNMP global 3 5 A 3 User Datagram Protocol UDP 2 5 3 14 V views SNMP access control See access control SNMP view based Ww wildcards using to configure SNMP views 3 20 Index 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00
126. osses the threshold at a different level or crosses no threshold for the number of polling intervals equal to the value of the Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 14 Threshold HoldDown Intervals Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 1 1 to 20 Specifies the number of exception free polling intervals through which a variable in a held state must pass before the variable is no longer considered held Specify the number of exception free polling intervals The lower the number that you select the more likely the agent is to generate repetitive event messages for a variable that is intermittently exceeding thresholds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 15 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Label Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds ASN 1 OID ASN 1 OID String identifier Specifies a name for the MIB object in string format to replace the ASN 1 object identifier The string that you enter appears in the log file making it easier to identify the object that is the subject of the trap Type a name for the MIB object or leave this field empty to use the ASN 1 object identifier 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 22 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 15 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services
127. otocols The Protocols menu opens 4 Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens 5 Select BOOTP and click on OK 6 Choose File The File menu opens 7 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Relay BOOTREQUEST Packets You specify a forwarding route for BOOTREQUEST packets by defining a relationship between an interface that you want to receive BOOTREQUEST packets and another to transmit BOOTREQUEST packets When you define this type of relationship the interface pair appears in the BootP relay agent forwarding table Depending on the configuration of your network you can specify One input IP interface to forward packets to multiple output IP interfaces Multiple input interfaces to forward packets to multiple output interfaces Multiple input interfaces to forward packets to one output interface 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 9 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Creating a BootP Relay Agent Forwarding Table You must create a BootP relay agent forwarding table for every router passing BootP traffic between a router and the BootP server The BootP relay agent forwarding table consists of IP interfaces that you configure to receive the incoming BootP request packets and to forward the outgoing BootP request packets The BootP relay agent forwards BootP request packets based on the IP addresses of the interfaces in this table You can add mult
128. otocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 3 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Caution When you disable the SNMP agent in dynamic mode you immediately prohibit Site Manager from communicating with the router and disconnect your Site Manager session Enabling and Disabling the SNMP Lock Mechanism The SNMP lock mechanism prohibits the SNMP agent from responding to multiple network management stations issuing simultaneous SNMP set commands to the router The SNMP lock mechanism is enabled by default If this lock is enabled the SNMP agent identifies the station from which it receives the next SNMP set command and for a specified time responds only to SNMP set commands from that station If the agent receives an SNMP set command from another network management station during this time it issues an SNMP genErr GetResponse PDU which that station logs as an SNMP Set Error message 3 4 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP To allow the SNMP agent to respond to simultaneous SNMP set commands from multiple network management stations disable the SNMP lock mechanism Using the BCC To disable the lock mechanism navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box
129. ou return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling a Trap Entity You can prevent the SMNP agent from sending a specific trap entity to a network management station regardless of slot by disabling the trap entity Using the BCC Trap entities are enabled by default To prevent the SMNP agent from sending a specific trap entity to a network management station regardless of slot navigate to the trap entity specific prompt for example box snmp trap_entity ip 2 and enter the following command disable For example the following command prevents the SNMP manager from sending traps for the IP entity on slot 2 trap entity ip 2 disable trap entity ip 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 27 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Using Site Manager To disable a trap entity complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Inthe Current Entities column select the The entity name that you selected is entity name that you want to delete highlighted 6 Click on Remove The entity name is removed from the Current Entities column 7 Click on Save Site Manager saves the changes that you Configuring Trap Exceptions
130. out Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global 750 1 to 5000 Specifies the amount of time in milliseconds that the DHCP server waits for a conflict detection ping to time out Accept the default 750 milliseconds 0 75 second or specify a value from 1 through 5000 Typically DHCP clients retransmit a DHCPDISCOVER message after 2 seconds Thus if you specify a ping timeout value greater than 2000 milliseconds 2 seconds the router may transmit spurious messages The same consideration applies if you set the values of the ping timeout and the number of pings so that their product timeout value times the number of pings is greater than 2000 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 24 1 1 6 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 25 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Safe Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt DHCP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the DHCP server waits until the NetID Server Manager acknowledges receipt of a successful lease commitment before sending a lease granted acknowledgment to the DHCP client Select Enable if you want the DHCP server to wait for the NetID Server Manager to confirm receipt of the successful lease commitment Select Disable if you want the DHCP server to i
131. pecify the UDP port number on the managing station to which the SNMP agent sends traps navigate to the manager specific prompt for example box snmp community router1 manager router1 2 2 2 2 and enter trap port integer integer is a number from 1 through 9999 For example the following command causes the SNMP agent to send traps to manager 2 2 2 2 on port number 150 manager routerl 2 2 2 2 trap port 150 manager routerl 2 2 2 2f Using Site Manager To specify the UDP port number on the managing station to which the SNMP agent sends traps complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose SNMP The IP menu opens The SNMP menu opens Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Managers The SNMP Manager List window for that community opens 7 Select the manager that you want to edit 8 Choose Manager The Manager menu opens 9 Choose Edit Manager The SNMP Manager window opens Set the Trap Port parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 11 Click on OK You return to the SNMP Manager List window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 15 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Sp
132. pens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Max No Pending Leases parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 26 6 Click on OK Specifying the Debug Level You return to the Configuration Manager window By default only debug messages with a debug level of 0 are written to the log file for the DHCP server You can change the debug messaging level for the DHCP server by entering a value from 1 through 10 Specifying a higher debug level causes additional messages to appear in the log file Because additional information can rapidly fill the log file and cause loss of other information change the debug level only to resolve critical problems To specify the debug messaging level for the DHCP server complete the following tasks You do this Site Manager Procedure System responds choose Protocols 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global The DHCP Global Parameters window opens page A 27 5 Set the Debug Level parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 6 7 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Disabling and Reenabling the
133. ply the threshold to this variable Select Disable if you want the agent to ignore the threshold for this variable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 2 308644 14 00 Rev 00 A 9 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Low Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the low threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a low threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 5 Threshold Low Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message that the agent generates when a variable exceeds the low threshold Select Info if you want low threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want low threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate that an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want low threshold exceptions to generate events that you can use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 6 A 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Parameter Path Default Options
134. portions of the MIB that you want to include or exclude e included specifies that oid tree is to be included in this view e excluded specifies that oid tree is to be excluded from this view If you specify the oid tree argument in the snmpserver view command you can use wildcards You can use one wildcard with any portion of the oid tree and a second wildcard at the end of the o d tree The first wildcard affects the attribute portion of the subtree and the second wildcard affects the instance portion of the subtree A match on an incoming SNMP OID is made on the longest matching MIB subtree The following examples illustrate the use of wildcards Entering this Value for oid tree Includes or Excludes in the View wflpintfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 All attributes of wflpIntfCfgEntry wflpintfCfgEntry All instances of wflpIntfCfgEntry Or wflpintfCfgEntry wflpintfCfgEntry 1 All instances of wflpIntfCfgEntry with an attribute ID of 1 wflpintfCfgEntry 1 192 32 All instances of wflpIntfCfgEntry with an attribute of 1 that have an instance ID that begins with 192 32 wflpintfCfgEntry 192 32 All attributes of wflpIntfCfgEntry that have an instance ID that begins with 192 32 For example the following command creates a view named block which will exclude any attributes of wflpIntfCfgEntry for the IP address 192 32 140 1 1 snmpserver view block wflpIntfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 excluded When multiple view subtrees a
135. raph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Nortel Networks NA Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Nortel Networks NA Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission
136. re configured within a view an incoming SNMP OID will match on the longest matching subtree in the view For example in looking for a match against the oid tree value wfIpIntfCfgEntry 1 192 32 140 1 1 SNMP will bypass the subtree that is excluded and then match on all values in the included oid tree for subtree 2 3 20 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP oid_tree value for subtree 1 wflPIntfCfgEntry excluded oid tree value for subtree 2 wflPIntfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 included Listing All Views or the Contents of a View To list all configured views or the contents MIB subtrees of a particular view enter snmpserver view lt view_name gt list e view_name is the name of the view for which you want to display MIB subtrees If you do not specify the argument view_name the command displays the names of all configured views e list displays all MIB subtrees that belong to a view or the names of all configured views depending on whether you specify view_name For example to display all subtrees that belong to a view named block enter snmpserver view block list This command displays the following subtree information for that view View Subtree View Type Subtree Index wflpIntfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 Excluded 1 To display the names of all configured views enter snmpserver view list The command displays the following View Index View Name 1 block 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 21 Config
137. reaterthan For information about setting thresholds see Configuring Thresholds on page 3 31 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 7 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services When the statistic reaches the threshold the agent generates an event You specify the severity level at which you want the manager to log the event Table 2 1 shows the available severity levels and their suggested meanings Depending on how you configure the SNMP trap parameters see Configuring Traps on the Router on page 3 25 the agent may also send the threshold exception as an SNMP trap The Site Manager threshold feature is functionally similar to the remote monitoring RMON Alarm and Event facility with some minor differences The Site Manager threshold feature provides three tiered thresholds and defines a user definable hysteresis mechanism The RMON Alarm and Event facility provides a two tiered proprietary threshold system For information about RMON RMON 2 and RMON alarms and events see Configuring RMON and RMON2 Threshold Example Suppose you want SNMP to warn you if the number of high priority Priority Level 1 packets queued for transmission is approaching the maximum number supported by an interface This maximum value is specified by the wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold MIB object Using the threshold parameters you set a threshold for wfCctOptsCngcCfgQp1Threshold equal to 205 You also set the polling interval to 20 seconds to indicate that
138. receive and relay BOOTREQUEST packets e Creating a BootP relay agent forwarding table for each router in the path Enabling BootP on Router Interfaces Before you enable BootP on router interfaces make sure that the router is in forwarding mode Setting the router to forwarding mode allows the BootP relay agent to route forward all BOOTREQUEST packets and to process both broadcast packets and all packets explicitly addressed to it For instructions on configuring the router in forwarding mode see Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services You must enable BootP also called BootP pass through or gateway on all interfaces in the paths between the routers and the BootP server For example you would enable BootP on the interfaces indicated in Figure 4 1 308644 14 00 Rev 00 4 7 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Booting routers Enable BootP on these interfaces BootP server 1 Corporate backbone C mi NPA0007A Figure 4 1 Enabling BootP in a Sample Network 4 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP To enable BootP on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window click on the link or net module connector The Edit Connector window opens 2 Choose Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Pr
139. resholds 0 Any integer value Sets the value of the high threshold for this variable Specify the level at which you want the agent to generate a high threshold exception event 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 9 Threshold High Event Level Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Info Info Warning Debug Specifies the severity level of the event message that the agent generates when a variable exceeds the high threshold Select Info if you want high threshold exceptions to generate routine events that require no action Select Warning if you want high threshold exceptions to generate events that indicate that an unexpected situation occurred Select Debug if you want high threshold exceptions to generate events that you can use to solve network problems 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 2 1 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Threshold Units Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Persecond Persecond Absolute Specifies the units used to determine whether a variable has exceeded a threshold Select Persecond if you want the agent to generate a threshold event when the variable s rate of change per second reaches a threshold
140. ress to assign to the client The DHCP server sends an ICMP echo request to the prospective IP address to determine whether the address is available If the DHCP server receives a response the address is unavailable because it is being used by another host on the network The DHCP server selects another IP address to offer and sends another ICMP echo request If there is no response to the ICMP echo request the DHCP server sends a DHCPOFFER packet that includes an available IP address to the target DHCP client If a client does not receive a DHCPOFFER packet within a specified amount of time after broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER packet it sends the packet again The client may rebroadcast the packet a number of times However clients operating on systems running Windows 95 broadcast four DHCPDISCOVER packets each 2 seconds apart The client may receive DHCPOFFER packets from several potential servers If you configure the client to wait for multiple responses it compares configuration parameters in the DHCPOFFER packets to decide which server to target Requesting and Receiving IP Information Figure 2 10 shows the next stage of the process of acquiring a new IP address from a DHCP server 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 25 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services 1 Client broadcasts 2 DHCP server transmi
141. rs in the Edit Thresholds Global Parameters window Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Global Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables the threshold feature on a router Select Enable to enable thresholds Select Disable to disable thresholds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 1 1 A 8 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameter Descriptions Polling Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Global 60 seconds 5 seconds minimum no maximum value Sets the time interval at which the agent polls the variable to determine whether that variable has reached a threshold Specify the number of seconds for the polling interval Remember that the more often the agent polls the variable the more memory it needs to manage the thresholds for this statistic 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 3 2 6 1 2 SNMP Threshold Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure SNMP threshold interface parameters in the Thresholds Interface Lists window Threshold Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Thresholds gt Thresholds Enable Enable Disable Turns the threshold for this variable on and off Select Enable if you want the agent to ap
142. s MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DHCP Server Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the DHCP server is enabled or disabled on this network interface Select Enable to enable the DHCP server on the network interface Select Disable to disable the DHCP server on the network interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 21 ARP Cache Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt BOOTP gt Relay Agent Interface Table Disable Enable Disable Enables and disables the BootP ARP cache entry feature This feature allows devices that do not run ARP to use the BootP relay agent on the router This parameter has no effect on the operation of DHCP If you want the BootP relay agent to add or update an ARP entry for a client based on the information provided in a BootP reply message choose Enable Otherwise choose Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 8 3 1 1 23 A 18 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameter Descriptions BootP Address Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure BootP and DHCP parameters in the BOOTP Addresses window Input IP Address Configuration Ma
143. s when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip interfaces alerts you can enter either show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces alerts Indicate that you repeat the last element of the command as needed Example If the command syntax is ethernet 2 1 parameter value you enter ethernet 2 1 and as many parameter value pairs as needed xvi 308644 14 00 Rev 00 italic text screen text separator gt vertical line Acronyms Preface Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscore Example If the command syntax is show at lt valid_route gt valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value for it Indicates system output for example prompts and system messages Example Set Trap Monitor Filters Shows menu paths Example Protocols IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu Separates choices for command keywords and arguments Enter only one of the choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both This guide uses the following acronyms ARP ASN 1 BootP DHCP ICMP IP MAC Address Resolution Protocol abstract syntax notation Bootstrap Pro
144. security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability IN NO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Righ
145. server community commands also work with any communities that you may have already created An SNMP community is a logical relationship between an SNMP agent and one or more SNMP community managers The agent establishes one community for each combination of authentication and access control characteristics that you choose 3 22 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Configuring a Community To configure a community enter the following command snmpserver community community name RO RW e community name is the name that you give to this community e RO specifies read only access to the viewable MIBs for this community e RW specifies read write access to the viewable MIBs for this community For example to create a community named pubnet that is configured to allow read write access enter snmpserver community pubnet RW Associating a View with a Community Although a view can be associated with multiple communities each community can be associated with only one view To associate a view with a community enter the following command snmpserver community community name view view name e community name is the name of the community with which you want to associate the view e view name is the name of the view that you are associating with the community For example to associate the view named block with the community name pubnet allowing read write community access enter s
146. sponds choose Protocols 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens continued 3 30 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Trap Configuration The Trap Configuration menu opens 5 Choose Exceptions The Trap Exceptions List window opens 6 Select the trap exception that you want to delete 7 Click on Delete 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring Thresholds Using Site Manager you can configure thresholds for any integer counter gauge or time tick variable in the MIB For more information about using thresholds see Thresholds on page 2 7 To configure a threshold you must have a good understanding of the MIB and be able to identify the instances of MIB objects to which you want to apply a threshold For complete information about identifying a MIB object or an instance identifier see the statistics chapter of Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager Disabling and Reenabling Thresholds By default the thresholds feature is enabled on all interfaces on which IP is configured To disable and reenable thresholds complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1
147. subsequent attributes When you exclude an attribute all subsequent attributes are also excluded For example if you have six attributes and you exclude the second attribute you are really excluding attributes 2 through 6 you will not be able to view attributes 2 through 6 When you configure a view you specify view subtrees that is instructions for what MIB information the agent will allow to be seen and not seen by managers in the specified community This feature also lets you manage overlapping private address spaces For example if two routers use the same IP address you can create a view that excludes the MIB of one address Then when the management station queries the MIB for information it receives information only from the router whose view you did not exclude You can configure SNMP view based access control using the BCC or the Technican Interface Configuring Listing and Deleting a View To configure list or delete a view and its contents use the snmpserver view command You can enter this command at the BCC or Technician Interface prompt Configuring a View When you configure a view you control access to a MIB subtree To configure a view enter the following command 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 19 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services snmpserver view view name oid tree included excluded e view name is the name that you assign to this particular view e oid_tree specifies the
148. the NetID Server Manager and the Server Manager stores this information in its database 2 16 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts For example when the DHCP server starts up it connects to the NetID Server Manager and requests its configuration When the DHCP server assigns an IP address to a client it sends the client s host name and IP address to the NetID Server Manager The NetID Server Manager then sends this information to the database The NetID Server Manager reduces the load on the database because each DHCP server is not polling for configuration changes and does not require an active resource consuming connection to the database It also reduces the load on the network because it is the only component that polls the database for configuration changes BootP DHCP Relay Implementation The BootP DHCP relay implementation allows you to configure a router to act as a BootP relay agent The BootP relay agent forwards DHCPREQUEST packets to DHCP servers on other subnets and forwards DHCPREPLY packets back to DHCP clients You must enable the BootP relay agent on the interface to the subnet to be served and configure it with the IP address of the DHCP server For more information about configuring a BootP relay agent see Specifying Interfaces to Receive and Forward DHCP Packets on page 5 2 Figure 2 5 illustrates a BootP DHCP relay implementation DHCP client Router DHO
149. the community You can specify one of two types of access privileges to each community that you define read only or read write 3 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing SNMP By default the router grants read only access privileges to all members of an SNMP community Read only access allows members of a community to view configuration and performance information Set this parameter to read write to allow members of a community to view configuration and performance information and also to change the configuration of a router Using the BCC By default the community has read only access To specify the type of access navigate to the community specific prompt for example box snmp community router1 and enter access read write read only For example the following command allows read write access to the community router1 community routerl access read write community routerl Using Site Manager To specify the access privilege for a community complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Communities The SNMP Community List window opens 5 Choose Community The Community menu opens 6 Choose Edit Community The Edit SNMP Community window opens 7 Setthe Access parameter Click
150. the following information Authentication Type Received PDUs Transmitted PDUs MIB Objects Retrieved MIB Objects Set Get Request PDUs Accepted and Processed Get Next Request PDUs Accepted and Processed Get Response PDUs Generated Set Request PDUs Accepted and Processed Trap PDUs Generated Decoding ASN 1 Parsing Errors Received Bad Community Name PDUs Received Unsupported Operation PDUs Generated PDUs with tooBig Error Generated PDUs with noSuchName Error Generated PDUs with badValue Error Authentication type for the area None or Simple Password Total number of PDUs received by SNMP from the transport entity Total number of PDUs sent by SNMP to the transport entity Total number of MIB objects retrieved successfully by the agent Total number of MIB objects that have been set successfully Total number of Get Request PDUs accepted and processed Total number of GetNext Request PDUs accepted and processed Total number of GetResponse PDUs accepted and processed Total number of Set Request PDUs accepted and processed Total number of Trap PDUs accepted and processed Total number of ASN 1 parsing errors during decoding Total number of PDUs that had an invalid community string Total number of PDUs requesting an operation unsupported by the community Total number of PDUs delivered with an error status designated as tooBig Total number of PDUs delivered wit
151. tocol Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Protocol media access control 308644 14 00 Rev 00 xvii Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services MIB management information base PDU protocol data unit PPP Point to Point Protocol RMON remote monitoring SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol TCP Transmission Control Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol WAN wide area network Hard Copy Technical Manuals You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com You can purchase selected documentation sets CDs and technical publications through the collateral catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically e The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets
152. transport its messages You must enable the Internet Protocol IP to use UDP and SNMP Events and Traps An event is a change in the operating status of a router The router stores the event as a single entry in a memory resident log An event log message provides a brief description of an event along with the event code associated with that event A trap is an event that the router transmits to the network management station 308644 14 00 Rev 00 2 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services SNMP allows you to configure which event log messages are sent to the network management station as traps You select these traps based on slot protocol entity and severity level You can also specify up to 50 exceptions which are traps that the agent always sends or never sends regardless of slot and regardless of how you configure the trap parameters For information about how to specify which traps the agent sends see Configuring Traps on the Router on page 3 25 Protocol Entities Events are always associated with a particular protocol entity An entity is the software that generates a message Entities include Nortel Networks software dedicated to the operation of a software service such as Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP and IP and the GAME operating system Both events and entities are assigned numeric codes Together this pair uniquely identifies a Nortel Networks router platform event To access the event messa
153. ts NetID a DHCPREQUEST information from Server packet the DHCPREQUEST Manager DHCP DHCP packet to NetID Server client client Manager LA Z EJ a a amp 4 M 4 DHCP server 3 NetID Server Manager updates transmits DHCPACK NetID database for IP address and or DHCPNAK configuration parameters and sends packet to client ELd committed update message to DHCP server Router DHCP server DC0002A Figure 2 10 Requesting and Receiving IP Information DHCP Server When the client has chosen a target DHCP server it broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet to the server The DHCPREQUEST packet contains the address of the target server in the server IP address field The router configured as a DHCP server examines the packet and if its IP address differs from the value in the server IP address field it reclaims the IP address it supplied in the DHCPOFFER packet This address is now available for other clients If the DHCPREQUEST packet is valid the DHCP server forwards the request information to the NetID Server Manager After the NetID Server Manager updates the NetID database with the new request information the NetID Server Manager sends a committed update message back to the DHCP server Accepting or Declining IP Information In a network configuration in which the router is configured as a DHCP server the target server recognizes its IP address in the server IP address field and responds to the DHCP
154. ts in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Nortel Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason o
155. tware implements the protocols used to exchange data with SNMP agents SNMP applications issue queries to gather information about the status configuration and performance of external network devices called network elements in SNMP terminology Network elements contain an agent and perform the network management function that the network management stations request The Nortel Networks Site Manager software is an example of a network management station and the Nortel Networks Backbone Node BN router is an example of a network element The SNMP agent is a software entity that responds to information and action request messages SNMP get and set requests sent by a network management station your Site Manager workstation The messages exchanged between manager and router SNMP agents enable you to access and manage objects in an active or inactive stored management information base MIB on a router The agents also send unsolicited reports called traps back to the network management station when certain network activity occurs An example of a trap is an overload condition as defined by the packet load s crossing some threshold You use the management station to configure monitor and receive trap messages from other network devices configured as SNMP agents The management station can get and set objects in the agents and can receive traps from the agents The management station therefore has the capability to manage a number o
156. u configured an IP interface and enabled a DHCP server on the interface as described in Chapter 1 Starting SNMP BootP and DHCP Services and that you understand the DHCP server concepts in Chapter 2 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts Topic Page Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration 6 2 Disabling and Reenabling the DHCP Server 6 8 Deleting the DHCP Server from the Router 6 9 Deleting DHCP Globally 308644 14 00 Rev 00 6 1 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Modifying the DHCP Server Configuration You can determine how a DHCP server functions on the router by modifying its configuration Use the sections in this chapter as a guide Configuring the NetID Server Manager IP Address You must configure the IP address of the NetID Server Manager to allow it to communicate with the target DHCP server on the router To configure the IP address of the NetID Server Manager complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose Global Protocols The Global Protocols menu opens 3 Choose DHCP The DHCP menu opens 4 Choose Global 5 Set the Server Manager IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 The DHCP Global Parameters window opens 6 Click on OK
157. ure 2 2 BootP Client and Server on the Same Physical Network 2 10 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP BootP BootP DHCP Relay and DHCP Server Concepts If however the client and the server are on different physical networks a BootP relay agent also known as a BootP gateway must forward BootP packets to their correct destinations When you configure a Nortel Networks router for BootP services the router acts as a BootP relay agent Figure 2 3 illustrates how BootP works when the client and the server are on different physical networks Server 1 Client broadcasts 2 BootP relay T a request to boot from a agent transmits remote server BOOTREQUEST Paris Client BOOTREQUEST packet to servers LUEEI e on other networks gt gt m sS w i lt 4 4 BootP relay JL_ 3 Server transmits agent transmits BOOTREPLY BOOTREPLY packet to BootP packet to client Router relay agent BootP relay agent SNM0003A Figure 2 3 BootP Client and Server on Different Physical Networks The client transmits a BOOTREQUEST packet to the IP broadcast address 255 255 255 255 The router receives the BOOTREQUEST packet at an interface that you configured to receive BOOTREQUEST packets an input interface If the BOOTREQUEST packet has an address other than 255 255 255 255 the router drops the packet Figure 2 4 shows the fields
158. uring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Deleting a View or Its Contents To delete a view or the contents MIB subtrees belonging to a particular view enter snmpserver view view name lt oid_tree gt delete view nameis the name of the view that you want to delete or from which you want to delete MIB subtrees e oid tree specifies the MIB subtree that you want to delete from view name If you do not specify oid tree then this command will delete the view itself including all subtree associations delete deletes a view or deletes a MIB subtree from a view depending on whether you specify oid tree For example to delete the entire view named block enter snmpserver view block delete By specifying oid tree to delete a particular MIB subtree from a view you also delete the include or exclude action associated with the subtree that you specified when you configured the view For example to delete the oid tree identified by wflpIntfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 and its associated include or exclude action from the view named block enter snmpserver view block wflpIntfCfgEntry 192 32 140 1 1 delete Configuring Communities and Their View Associations To configure a community associate and disassociate a view with the community list community information or to delete a community you use the snmpserver community command You can enter this command at the BCC or Technician Interface prompt The snmp
159. vent messages specifying severity level for 3 35 exceptions trap configuring 3 28 deleting 3 30 lock mechanism disabling 3 4 enabling 3 4 specifying address 3 6 specifying timeout value 3 6 managers adding 3 13 configuring to receive traps 3 14 deleting 3 17 description 2 2 messages 2 2 Nortel Network specific implementation 2 5 proprietary implementation 2 5 reenabling 3 3 show commands B 1 starting 1 5 thresholds See thresholds SNMP traps See traps SNMP 308644 14 00 Rev 00 SNMP continued type of service for packets specifying 3 9 view based access control See access control SNMP view based starting BootP 1 6 BootP DHCP relay 1 7 DHCP server 1 8 IP 1 2 SNMP 1 5 Subnet Mask parameter IP configuration 1 4 support Nortel Networks xix T Target Name parameter BootP DHCP preferred server 4 16 A 23 Target Server IP Address parameter BootP DHCP preferred server 4 15 A 22 technical publications xviii technical support xix text conventions xvi The B 2 Threshold Action parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 37 A 13 Threshold Enable parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 34 A 9 Threshold High Event Level parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 36 A 12 Threshold High Value parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 35 A 12 Threshold HoldDown Intervals parameter SNMP threshold interface 3 39 A 14 Threshold Label parameter SNMP threshold interface
160. verifying that the manager belongs to a valid SNMP community An SNMP community is a logical relationship between an SNMP agent and one or more SNMP managers the manager software implements the protocols used to exchange data with SNMP agents You define communities locally at the agent The agent establishes one community for each combination of authentication and access control characteristics that you choose You assign each community a unique name within the agent and all members of a community have the same access privileges either read only or read write e Read only members can view configuration and performance information e Read write members can view configuration and performance information and also change the configuration By defining a community an agent limits access to its MIB to a selected set of management stations By using more than one community the agent can provide different levels of MIB access to different management stations SNMP Community Managers All SNMP message exchanges consist of a community name and a data field which contains the SNMP operation and its associated operands You can configure the SNMP agent to receive requests and send responses only from managers that are members of a known community If the agent knows the community name in the SNMP message and knows that the manager generating the request is a member of that community it considers the message to be authentic and gives it th
161. vices To specify a client IP address and its associated DLCI complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose BOOTP The IP menu opens The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens 5 Click on Client I F The BOOTP Client Interface Table window opens 6 Click on Add The BOOTP Client Interface Address window opens 7 Set the following parameters IP Address DLCI Number Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 21 8 Click on OK You return to the BOOTP Client Interface Table window 9 Click on Done You return to the BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window 10 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Servers for BootP Services You can specify a forwarding route for BOOTREQUEST packets by defining a relationship between an input interface and a BootP server By defining such a relationship you can Improve the efficiency of BOOTREQUEST packet relay e Transmit BOOTREQUEST packets through unnumbered output interfaces 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring BootP Preferred Servers Customizing BootP You configure a BootP preferred server by specifying the fol
162. w Specifying the Relay Mode for Packet Forwarding BootP and DHCP use the BootP relay agent to forward packets You can configure the BootP relay agent to forward BootP packets DHCP packets or both The default setting is BootP which allows the interface to transmit only BootP packets Change the setting if you want to transmit DHCP packets To set the relay mode on a BootP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose BOOTP The BOOTP menu opens 4 Choose Relay Agent Interface Table The BOOTP Relay Agent Interface Table window opens This window lists all the IP interfaces that you configured for BootP Services on the router Set the Pass Through Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 17 6 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308644 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing BootP Setting Up the Routing Path from the BootP Server to the Router You must define the routing path from the BootP server to the router to ensure the transmission of BOOTREQUEST packets from one end of the network to the other You define this routing path by e Enabling BootP forwarding on upstream routers e Specifying interfaces to
163. wn community When you enable the authentication failure traps feature on the router you must configure an SNMP community manager to receive the trap see Configuring SNMP Community Managers on page 3 13 You can prohibit the router from generating authentication failure traps by disabling the authentication failure trap feature Using the BCC By default SNMP sends an authentication failure trap for sets from a false manager or community To disable authentication traps navigate to the SNMP prompt for example box snmp and enter authentication traps disabled 308644 14 00 Rev 00 3 7 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services For example the following command prohibits SNMP from sending authentication failure traps from a false manager or community snmp authentication traps disabled snmp To reenable authentication failure traps navigate to the SNMP prompt and enter authentication traps enabled For example the following command causes SNMP to generate authentication failure traps from a false manager or community snmp authentication traps enabled snmp Using Site Manager To enable or disable authentication failure traps complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The
164. y reconfiguring the security of this SNMP community When you add SNMP with the BCC access is defined by default as read only If you decide to change some or all of the default values refer to the instructions in Chapter 3 Customizing SNMP Before you begin verify that IP is configured on an interface as described in Configuring IP for Global Protocols on page 1 2 Using the BCC To configure SNMP on the router with default settings begin in configuration mode at the box or stack prompt 1 Configure SNMP box Snmp 2 Display SNMP default settings snmp info lock enabled lock address 0 0 0 0 lock timeout 2 authentication traps enabled type of service reliability state enabled 308644 14 00 Rev 00 1 5 Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services Using Site Manager To start SNMP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose SNMP The SNMP menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit SNMP Global Parameters window opens 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Starting BootP Services Using Site Manager you can start BootP using default values for all parameters If you decide to change some or all of the default values see Chapter 4 Customizing BootP Bef

Avaya Configuring BOOTP Services User's Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents