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Avaya Configuring AppleTalk Services User's Manual

1. B Network 1 1 Network 2 2 1 1 m E L 3 1 _ nE 4 1 A Cc Network 5 5 Network 3 3 Network 4 4 Interface Cost Actual Hops to Hop Count Learned Network 4 4 by Interface 1 1 0 2 2 3 1 0 1 1 Example 1 Router A s preferred path to Network 4 4 3 1 Interface Cost Actual Hops to Hop Count Learned Network 4 4 by Interface 1 1 0 2 3 1 2 1 Example 2 Router A s preferred path to Network 4 4 1 1 APT0013A Figure 2 3 Assigning Circuit Costs to AppleTalk Interfaces 117366 A Rev A 2 7 Configuring AppleTalk Services Enabling AppleTalk Routing and Bridging on the Same Interface If you enable both AppleTalk routing and bridging on the same interface configure a bridge filter on the interface to drop all AppleTalk Phase 2 AARP and DDP packets If you do not configure a filter you may experience problems when you reboot the router This is because the bridge enables ahead of the AppleTalk router causing packets to be bridged before AppleTalk routing starts We suggest creating a filter that specifies a drop with no log action on all SNAP packets with Ethertype ranges of 0x809B to 0x809B and Ox80F3 to Ox80F3 The hierarchical menu for the field is as follows Data link
2. 2 2 Human Resources Filter Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources 2 2 include list Human Resources 3 3 Rule 1 Engineering E 3 1 gt Boe nee gt PERRE a 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Figure 2 11 APT0021A AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 1 Rule 2 The AppleTalk router always advertises the network information it learns on an interface out through that same interface For example if the Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 12 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 4 4 out through Interface 3 1 117366 A Rev A 2 19 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone 1 1 Finance B Zone 2 2 Human Resources Filter 31 gt E gt eile wos 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources 2 2 in Include list Human Resources 3 3 Rule 1 Engineering 4 4 Rule 2 Sales
3. 3 1 2 2 Human Resources Zone Filter Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Filtered Finance 1 1 Figure 2 5 Configuring Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Engineering Zone 3 3 l 4 4 Sales Zone APT0015A With the filter in place the RTMP and ZIP packets that Interface 3 1 generates no longer advertise the Finance zone as being reachable Any NBP Broadcast Request packets the interface receives for the Finance zone are not propagated as Forward Request packets or Lookup packets As a result the services of the Finance zone are no longer visible to end users in the Engineering zone and Sales zone 2 12 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes When you configure zone filters on an interface using the 5 X Exclude or 5 X Include options the interface no longer sends out zone information about the filtered zones e The interface sends out ZIP Reply packets that do not contain the filtered zones If all the zones for a network are filtered then the default zone of the filtering interface represents the network However if the network being queried is learned on the receiving interface of the ZIP Request packet then the ZIP Reply packet must contain the correct zone for that network e The interface sends out ZIP GetZoneList Response packets that do not contain the filtered zones e
4. Figure 2 12 APT0022A AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 2 Rule 3 The AppleTalk router advertises all network and zone information for networks that reside in the Include zone list For example if the Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 13 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone and Network 2 2 is associated with the Human Resources and Marketing zones the router would advertise all zones assigned to Network 2 2 out through Interface 3 1 2 20 117366 A Rev A e 1 1 Finance AppleTalk Implementation Notes Filter Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources Figure 2 13 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 3 2 2 in Include list Human Resources Marketing Rule 3 3 3 Rule 1 Engineering 4 4 Rule 2 Sales APT0023A Zone Filter Rules for the 5 X Exclude Option A Zone 2 2 Human Resources Marketing B Zone 3 1 gt E gt a lt oi 10 10 3 3 4 4 Marketing Engineering Sales Rule 1 The AppleTalk router always advertises its own network information For example
5. 1 6 117366 A Rev A AARP Request Hardware type 7 Protocol type 809B Hardware address length Protocol address length Function Request 1 AARP Response Hardware type TH Protocol type 809B Hardware address length Protocol address length Function Request 2 Source hardware dress Source hardware address ad Source AppleTalk Source AppleTalk address address Destination hardware address Desired AppleTalk address Desired AppleTalk address AppleTalk Address in AARP packets Network Number Node Number AARP Packets Figure 1 3 AppleTalk Overview AARP Probe Hardware type Protocol type 809B Hardware address length Protocol address length Function Request 3 Source hardware address Tentative AppleTalk address Tentative AppleTalk address Note The indicates a hexadecimal value APTO003A 117366 A Rev A 1 7 Configuring AppleTalk Services Next the router checks the validity of the address by broadcasting 10 AARP probe packets containing this address at 0 2 second intervals For WAN interfaces the frequency is five AARP packets at 1 0 second intervals AARP probe packets inquire if any other node on the network is already using this address If the router does not receive a response then it knows that the address is unique on the network and assigns the address to the interface If the router receives a response or a
6. grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Bay Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Bay Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any
7. 802 2 SNAP 802 2 SNAP Ethertype See Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization for more information about how to construct filters for the bridge Specifying AppleTalk Zone Information This section describes information specific to configuring AppleTalk zone information Adding or Removing AppleTalk Zones When a router initially learns about a new network it sends out query packets requesting the network s zone information The router uses this information to update its zone table However because routers query for this information only the first time they learn about a network any changes later made to the network s zone list do not propagate to other routers on the internet To add remove or change an AppleTalk zone from an AppleTalk interface s zone list or default zone follow this procedure 1 Disable all AppleTalk router interfaces both Bay Networks and otherwise that connect to the network for which the zone name change is being applied 2 8 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes For example in Figure 2 4 to add the new zone name Blue to the zone list for Network 1 3 disable AppleTalk Interfaces 1 1 1 2 and 1 3 2 Edit the interface s zone list See Configuring AppleTalk Zone Lists in Chapter 4 for instructions Make certain that you change the zone list for any other seed routers on the affected network as well 3 Wait approximately 10 minutes This all
8. Configuring AppleTalk Services BayRS Version 12 00 Site Manager Software Version 6 00 Part No 117366 A Rev A September 1997 Bay Networks Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright 1997 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1997 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks ACE AFN AN BCN BLN BN BNX CN FN FRE GAME LN Optivity PPX Bay Networks SynOptics SynOptics Communications Wellfleet and the Wellfleet logo are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node ANH ARN ASN BaysSIS BayStack BayStreaam BCNX BLNX EZ Install EZ Internetwork EZ LAN IP AutoLearn PathMan PhonePlus Quick2Config RouterMan SN SPEX Switch Node Bay Networks Press the Bay Networks logo and the SynOptics logo are trademarks of Ba
9. finished Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables AURP on the router Instructions Set to Disable if you want to globally disable AURP MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 8 2 Parameter Local IP Address Default None Options Any valid 32 bit IP address using dotted decimal notation for example 205 1 8 2 Function Identifies an IP interface on the router This is the IP interface used for AURP Instructions Enter the IP address of the interface on this router that AURP should use MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 8 5 Editing AURP Interface Parameters You use the AURP interface parameters to configure an AURP connection To edit an AURP connection begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt AURP gt Interfaces The AT AURP Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 9 4 22 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters Erventa bi Timetsd Comair Command Petrie hacete Rate fiat Hever From 7 orn t foo Count etici bon Figure 4 9 AT AURP Interface Configuration Window 2 Click on the interface you want to edit 3 Edit those parameters you want to change using the following parameter descriptions as a guide 4 Click on Apply to implement your changes 5 Click on Done to exit the window Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables AURP on this
10. refer to the section Using AppleTalk Zone Filters in Chapter 2 before proceeding Adding Zones to the Zone Filter List To add zones to an AppleTalk zone filter list begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 2 Click on Zone Filter The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window appears Figure 4 5 It lists the zone filters already configured for the router 117366 A Rev A 4 15 Configuring AppleTalk Services forme Filter Type Figure 4 5 AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration Window 3 Click on Add The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window displays the Zone Name field Figure 4 6 Figure 4 6 Adding a Zone Name 4 In the Zone Name field enter the name of the zone you want to filter For more information on the Zone Name parameter refer to the section Adding Zones to a Zone List earlier in this chapter 5 Click on OK 4 16 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window now lists the zone filter you added The zone filter type automatically defaults to Exclude See the next section Editing the Zone Filter Type for instructions on changing this parameter 6 Click on Done to save your changes and exit the window Editing the Zone Filter Type A zone filter can be one of two types Exclude or Include
11. Finance Zone Human Resources Zone B Zone 3 1 gt El au ee re ee ore 3 3 4 4 Engineering Zone Sales Zone Filter Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Filtered Networks not Filtered Finance 1 1 3 3 due to Rule 1 APTOO17A Figure 2 7 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 1 Rule 2 The AppleTalk router always advertises the network information it learns on an interface back out that interface The AppleTalk router advertises all zone information in response to a GetLocalZones Reply request The router applies zone filters to corresponding network information in RTMP data packets ZIP replies GetZoneList replies and NBP forward requests 117366 A Rev A 2 15 Configuring AppleTalk Services For example if the zone filter list shown in Figure 2 8 for Interface 3 1 were expanded to include the Sales zone the router would still advertise Network 4 4 because it was learned about on Interface 3 1 A Zone _ E 1 1 2 2 Finance Zone Human Resources Zone B Zone E 3 1 gt El gt au RASS lt 3 3 4 4 Engineering Zone Sales Zone Filter Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Filtered Networks not Filtered Finance Engineering 1 1 3 3 due to Rule 1
12. If the destination network s distance plus the packet s hop count exceed 15 hops the AURP router reduces the hop count value of the packet to ensure delivery of the packet For example an AppleTalk router with AURP configured receives an IP encapsulated packet with a DDP header hop count field containing a value of 7 Prior to sending the packet to its final destination the router checks the appropriate distance metric in its RTMP table and determines that the packet must travel another 10 hops to reach its final destination The AppleTalk router then resets the hop count field of the DDP header to a value of 5 allowing the packet to reach its destination within the AppleTalk router s local network When using Hop Count Reduction on a tunneling port an exterior router must represent all networks in its local internet as being only one hop away Hop count reduction allows the router to send and maintain routing information about networks beyond the 15 hop limit thus ensuring full connectivity 1 20 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview For More Information The following documents provide technical detail on AppleTalk protocol implementation Sidhu G R Andrews and A Oppenheimer Inside AppleTalk 2d ed Reading Mass Addison Wesley 1990 Apple Computer AppleTalk Update Based Routing Protocol Cupertino Calif Apple Computer 1993 Apple Computer The Design and Planning of Enterprise Wide AppleTalk Internetwo
13. To configure a Zone List you must add zones to the list as follows 1 Click on Zone List in the AppleTalk Interface Configuration window Figure 3 1 The AT Zone Configuration window appears Figure 3 2 117366 A Rev A 3 5 Configuring AppleTalk Services Figure 3 2 AT Zone Configuration Window 2 Click on Add The AppleTalk Zone Configuration window appears Figure 3 3 ip le Tat Zone Cart Figure 3 3 AppleTalk Zone Configuration Window 3 Enter a name for the zone in the Zone Name box and click on OK You return to the AT Zone Configuration window 3 6 117366 A Rev A 4 Enabling AppleTalk Services Either repeat steps 2 and 3 for each zone you want to add or click on Done to exit the window Note The default zone should not appear in the Zone List Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names Note To enter nonprintable characters in AppleTalk zone names you must access the Configuration Manager tool in local or remote mode You cannot enter nonprintable characters if you are using dynamic mode Using nonprintable characters in AppleTalk zone names requires some additional steps Enter nonprintable characters into the Default Zone field or Zone Name field as follows 1 Type xx where xx is the two hexadecimal digit representation of each nonprintable character as shown in the AppleTalk character set mapping Refer to the Character Set Mapping table in Insid
14. 21 Figure 4 9 AT AURP Interface Configuration WiINdOW 0 eee eeeeeeeeneeesneeeneeaes 4 23 x 117366 A Rev A Tables Table 4 1 Time Eguivalents in Seconds sariini cael dasa ialersgenieenatatsiabiaets 4 25 Table A 1 AppleTalk Global Parameters cciscecsccisceetscccsssersscesiseenincssccessetiedentencens A 1 Table A 2 AppleTalk Interface Parameters ssissccccticrscecccanessacecenseysdecenanrscececnarseececenses A 1 Table A 3 AURP Global Parameters ssssssssssrssssissssnniinisassnna A 2 Table A 4 AURP Interface Parameters ssissnniiissisrressnuandnneenndasnnnninnndnnrasnudnn nannan A 2 Table A 5 AURP Zone Filter List Parameters o 6cscsetscssncisscaamcssassanvesstinnriancacnes A 2 117366 A Rev A xi About This Guide If you are responsible for configuring AppleTalk you need to read this guide If you want to Go to Learn about the AppleTalk protocol Chapter 1 Learn about special aspects of the Bay Networks implementation of Chapter 2 AppleTalk Start AppleTalk on a router and get it running with default settings for Chapter 3 parameters Change default settings for AppleTalk parameters Chapter 4 View a list of the AppleTalk default settings Appendix A Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router refer to the installation manual that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and
15. 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 2 Set the Enable parameter to Disable 3 Click on Apply This disables the AppleTalk interface so that you can change the default zone Click on an AppleTalk interface to select it Specify a new Default Zone at the Default Zone parameter Click on Apply Click on Done to exit the window Coot oy ue ES If you are configuring the AppleTalk router in dynamic mode wait 10 minutes to allow all routers on the network to time out the network and zone information from their zone information tables 9 Set the Enable parameter to Enable 10 Click on Apply 4 14 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters This reenables the AppleTalk interface and implements your changes to the zone list 11 Click on Done to exit the AT Interface Configuration window Configuring AppleTalk Zone Filters This section describes how to add or delete zone filters from an interface s zone filter list Note Any changes you make to the zone filter list may not be immediately apparent to other AppleTalk routers on the network For example if you add a new filter it may take time for other routers to learn about the new network information or to time out the network information that is no longer being advertised because of the new filter Because the way you configure zone filters may affect your network performance
16. 4 28 accessing from Site Manager 4 2 AURP 4 21 to 4 28 AppleTalk Control Protocol 2 2 AppleTalk Echo Protocol 1 14 AppleTalk Phase 1 1 5 2 31 AppleTalk Phase 2 1 14 2 31 117366 A Rev A Index AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP avoiding network loops 2 34 configuring 3 8 connection 2 31 dial on demand 2 32 global parameters for 4 21 implementation notes 1 14 2 31 to 2 36 interface parameters for 4 22 to 4 26 editing 4 22 packet 1 19 Routing Information packets 2 33 See also tunnel specification 1 21 Tickle request 2 33 2 36 ATCP 2 2 AURP See AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP bandwidth 1 14 Bay Networks Press xv buffering updates 1 20 C Checksum Enable parameter 4 9 Chooser 1 13 1 16 2 10 2 32 to 2 33 circuit costs 2 7 Command Retries parameter AURP 2 34 4 24 Command Timeout parameter AURP 2 34 Configuration Manager 4 2 Index 1 configuring AURP 2 31 to 2 35 dial on demand 2 35 to 2 36 Frame Relay topology 2 29 seed routers 4 5 to 4 7 source routing over Token Ring 2 27 2 28 zone filters 4 15 converging 2 32 customer support programs xvi Technical Solutions Centers xvi D Datagram Delivery Protocol DDP 1 8 4 9 datagram format 1 1 DDP Header 1 20 DDP See Datagram Delivery Protocol default zone 1 4 1 12 configuring for AppleTalk 3 5 Default Zone parameter AppleTalk 3 5 4 7 4 14 defaults for Apple
17. Advertised Zones Advertised Finance Engineering Sales 2 2 Human Resources not in 5 X Exclude list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 4 4 Sales Rule 2 1 1 Engineering Default Zone of Interface 3 1 Rule 3 APT0026A Figure 2 16 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 3 Zone Filter Rules for the 5 X Include Option Rule 1 The AppleTalk router always advertises its own network information For example if the 5 X Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 17 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 3 3 out through Interface 3 1 2 24 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes A Zone m 2 2 Human Resources Finance B Zone E 3 1 gt E Z g 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Filter 5 X Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources 2 2 Human Resources in 5 X Include list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 APT0027A Figure 2 17 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 1 Rule 2 The AppleTalk router always advertises the network information it learns on an interface out through that same interface For example i
18. PPP eccsccssceeeeneeeeeeeererees 2 5 Assigning Circuit Costs to AppleTalk Interfaces ssceeeeeeeeseeeeeeees 2 7 Updating an AppleTalk Routers Zone List 0000 Aisa 2 9 Configuring Zone Filters with the Exclude Option ccccseseeeeeeeees 2 12 Configuring Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option cseeeee 2 14 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 10 eeee 2 15 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 2 eese 2 16 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 3 ere 2 17 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 4 sanese 2 18 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 1 eseese 2 19 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 2 sses 2 20 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Include Option Rule 3 seses 2 21 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 1 2 22 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 2 2 23 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 3 2 24 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 1 05 2 25 Figure 2 18 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 2 2 26 Figure 2 19 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 3 2 27 Figure 2 20 AppleTalk Routers Source Routing across a Token Ring Network 2 28 Figur
19. This parameter s setting determines whether this interface functions as a seed or nonseed router To configure this interface as a nonseed router accept the default 0 To configure this interface as a seed router specify the Network Start parameter as follows If this is the only seed router on the network determine the network range for this interface and enter the lower boundary network number here Ifthere are already seed routers on the network enter the same Network Start value that is configured on all other seed routers 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 13 Note If you specify a Network Start other than the default 0 then 1 the router becomes a seed router automatically and 2 you must also specify values for the Network End and Default Zone parameters 117366 A Rev A 4 5 Configuring AppleTalk Services Parameter Network End Default 0 Options 0 to 65279 Function Specifies the upper boundary maximum of the range of network numbers that are available for nodes to use on the network to which this interface connects This parameter is used with the Network Start parameter to help define a seed router If you have not specified a Network Start this parameter is ignored Instructions To configure this interface as a nonseed router accept the default 0 To configure this interface as a seed router specify the Network End parameter as follows If this is the only seed router on
20. You can configure a zone filter list to partially deny or allow zones using the 5 X Exclude and 5 X Include options Note By default the zone filter type is set to Exclude When you configure an exclude zone filter list the interface advertises that it can reach all zones except those specified on the list This type of filter is useful if you want to filter out only a few of the zones that the router knows about When you configure an include zone filter list the interface advertises that it can reach only those zones specified on the list This type of filter list is useful if you want to filter out most of the zones that the router knows about When you configure a zone filter list using the 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude options the interface advertises that it can reach only those zones you allow on the list The interface will always advertise the networks associated with the zones in the zone filter list For more information about zone filters see Chapter 2 To change the zone filter type begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 2 Click on Zone Filter The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window appears Figure 4 5 It lists the zone filters already configured for the router 117366 A Rev A 4 17 Configuring AppleTalk Services 3 Set the Zone Filter Type parameter to Exclude In
21. addresses The router saves this information in its address mapping table AMT which lists all known AppleTalk addresses corresponding hardware addresses and the circuit port where the address resolution is in effect The router updates and maintains its AMT by broadcasting and receiving AARP packets Figure 1 3 When the router needs to send a packet to a given AppleTalk address it scans its AMT to find the address If the address is not found the router broadcasts a single Request packet to find out which node is using the address If the address exists the node whose address matches that specified in the Request packet sends back a Response which identifies the hardware address that maps to the AppleTalk address The router then updates its AMT with this new information The router waits 2 seconds for a response AARP is also responsible for generating a unique AppleTalk address for each of the router s AppleTalk interfaces that have not been explicitly assigned This process is called probing The Bay Networks AppleTalk router implements this by first generating a tentative AppleTalk address for the interface in the format lt start_network_number gt lt start_node_number gt where e lt start_network_number gt is the lowest end of the network number range assigned to the network to which this interface connects e lt start_node_number gt is a randomly selected node number that could be assigned to this interface
22. copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Bay Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall not sublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Bay Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Bay Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Bay Networks and properly installed and operated on Bay Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Bay Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Bay Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be
23. create a pilot configuration file refer to Quick Starting Routers Connecting AN and ANH Systems to a Network or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager and router software For instructions refer to Upgrading Routers from Version 7 11 xx to Version 12 00 117366 A Rev A xiii Configuring AppleTalk Services Conventions angle brackets lt gt brackets ellipsis points italic text quotation marks separator gt Acronyms AARP AEP AMT ATCP AURP DDP DI DLCI ELAP FDDI IP Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example if command syntax is lt start_network_number gt lt start_node_number gt you enter 25 36 Indicate optional elements You can choose none one or all of the options Horizontal and vertical ellipsis points indicate omitted information Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and book titles Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Separates menu and option names in instructions Example Protocols gt AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AppleTalk Echo Protocol address mapping table AppleTalk Control Protocol AppleTal
24. day For more information on configuring dial on demand services see Configuring Dial Services 2 36 117366 A Rev A Chapter 3 Enabling AppleTalk Services This chapter describes how to enable AppleTalk services It assumes you have read Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager and that you have 1 Opened a configuration file 2 Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file 3 Selected the link or net module connector on which you are enabling AppleTalk or configured a WAN circuit if this connector requires one When you enable AppleTalk services you must configure a subset of all AppleTalk parameters The Configuration manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters If you want to edit these default values refer to Chapter 4 For each AppleTalk parameter this manual provides information about default settings valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the Management Information Base MIB object ID The Technician Interface lets you modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands that specify the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify that the value you enter for a parameter is valid Entering an invalid
25. free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Bay Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Bay Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Bay Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXP
26. if the 5 X Exclude zone filter list shown in Figure 2 14 for Interface 3 1 includes the Finance and Engineering zones the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 3 3 out through Interface 3 1 117366 A Rev A 2 21 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone 2 2 Human Resources B Zone Finance Engineering Filter 4 4 Sales 5 X Exclude Zone Filter List Finance Engineering Networks Advertised 2 2 Zones Advertised Human Resources not in 5 X Exclude list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 APTO0024A Figure 2 14 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 1 Rule 2 The AppleTalk router always advertises the network information it learns on an interface out through that same interface For example if the 5 X Exclude zone filter list shown in Figure 2 15 for Interface 3 1 includes the Finance Engineering and Sales zones the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 4 4 out through Interface 3 1 2 22 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes A Zone a 2 2 Hum
27. interface receives for the filtered zones are not propagated as Forward Request packets or Lookup packets by the interface e NBP Response packets are not routed if the source network number is from a network with a zone that is to be filtered When you are using the Exclude or Include options be aware that if part of a network s zone list is filtered on a port then the entire network is filtered on that port Within an AppleTalk network a router must communicate all zone information about a network if it knows the network s associated zone list Note Communicating a partial zone list for a given network violates the AppleTalk specification and can result in ZIP storms ZIP storms occur when a router receiving conflicting ZIP information from different sources continuously broadcasts ZIP requests onto locally attached network segments For example the network administrator for the network shown in Figure 2 5 wants to impose a security filter that restricts all AppleTalk users except those in the Human Resources zone from accessing the Finance zone To accomplish this the administrator adds the Finance zone to the exclude zone filter list for Interface 3 1 117366 A Rev A 2 11 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone 1 1 Finance Zone B Zone
28. probe for the same address it knows the address is already in use So the router increments the node number by 1 then sends out 10 more probes It repeats this process until it does not receive a response or runs out of all possible node numbers If the router runs out of possible node numbers it increments the start_network_number by 1 and repeats the entire probe process Finally if the router is still unable to generate a unique address it logs the error and shuts down the interface Note If you statically configure the AppleTalk interface s address setting the network ID and node ID to a nonzero value and another AppleTalk device has already acquired this address the router logs a message indicating that the address is already in use The router cannot bring up such an interface Datagram Delivery Protocol DDP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router uses the Datagram Delivery Protocol DDP to transmit packets between nodes on the network The Datagram Delivery Protocol is an unreliable network layer protocol An AppleTalk datagram consists of the DDP header immediately followed by the data The Bay Networks router encapsulates all packets in an extended 13 byte DDP header Figure 1 4 The source node sets the hop count field to zero before sending a packet out onto the network Each router that receives the packet increments the hop count by one until it either reaches the destination end node or reaches the maximum hop c
29. router s zone list begin at the Configuration Manager window shown in Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 Set the Enable parameter to Disable Click on Apply This disables the AppleTalk interface so that you can edit its zone list Click on Zone List The AT Zone Configuration window appears Figure 4 4 Click on the zone you want to delete Click on Delete The AT Zone Configuration window no longer lists the zone you deleted Click on Done to exit the AT Zone Configuration window 117366 A Rev A 4 13 Configuring AppleTalk Services 8 If you are configuring the AppleTalk router in dynamic mode wait 10 minutes to allow all routers on the network to time out the network and zone information from their zone information tables 9 Set the Enable parameter to Enable 10 Click on Apply This reenables the AppleTalk interface and implements your changes to the zone list 11 Click on Done to exit the AT Interface Configuration window Changing the AppleTalk Default Zone When you initially configure an AppleTalk interface you specify a Default Zone for the interface only if you want it to function as a seed router If the interface functions as a nonseed router then you leave the Default Zone parameter field blank To change the Default Zone for a seed router interface begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure
30. send the packet out onto the network Figure 2 20 CSi Token Token Token Router 1 Ring Ring Ring Router 2 Se Bridge A Bridge B End Station 2 WF2 WF1 SNAP AppleTalk DATA Packet sent from End Station 1 Source Route RIF WF2 WF1 0830 001A002B 0030 SNAP AppleTalk DATA Packet sent from Router 1 WF2 WF1 SNAP AppleTalk DATA Packet sent from Router 2 Figure 2 20 APTO0030A AppleTalk Routers Source Routing across a Token Ring Network 2 28 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes With end node support enabled whenever a Bay Networks AppleTalk router receives a packet and determines that the packet s next hop is located across a Source Routing network the router does the following e Adds the necessary RIF information to the packet s MAC header e Sends the packet out onto the network where it is source routed toward the next hop Upon receiving the packet from the Token Ring network the peer router strips off the RIF field and continues to route the packet toward the destination network address You configure source route end node support for each individual routing protocol on a per circuit basis See Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 for instructions Configuring the AppleTalk Router in a Non Fully Meshed Frame Relay Topo
31. the network determine the network range for this interface and enter the upper boundary network number here If there are already seed routers on the network enter the same Network End value that is configured on all other seed routers MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 14 4 6 117366 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing AppleTalk Parameters Default Zone None Any valid zone name Specifies the name of the Default Zone where all new nodes are assigned when they first start on this network This parameter is used with the Network Start and Network End parameters to help define a seed router If you have not specified a Network Start this parameter is ignored To configure this interface as a nonseed router leave this field blank To configure this interface as a seed router specify the Default Zone as follows If this is the only seed router on the network enter any valid Default Zone name If there are already seed routers on the network enter the same Default Zone name configured on all other seed routers A valid zone name can consist of up to 32 characters and can include any character except an asterisk For more information refer to Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names in Chapter 3 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 15 Network ID
32. the tunnel Also new network information does not become accessible until the update occurs This could prove frustrating for some users For information on editing the Update Rate parameter refer to Editing AURP Parameters in Chapter 4 AURP uses the following packets to update its AppleTalk routing information e Routing Information Update RI Upd e Routing Information Request RI Req e Routing Information Response RI Rsp e Routing Information Acknowledgment RI Ack e Zone Information Request ZI Req e Zone Information Response ZI Rsp Setting the Last Heard From Timeout The AppleTalk router uses the Last Heard From Timeout parameter to periodically check that the other end of the connection is up If the router does not receive an RI Upd RI Rsp or ZI Rsp packet within the Last Heard From Timeout period it sends a Tickle Request and expects a Tickle Acknowledgment If the router does not receive the acknowledgment within the Command Timeout period the router repeats its Tickle Request up to the Command Retries amount If the router does not receive an acknowledgment the connection is closed A large Last Heard From Timeout value may postpone the discovery of a failed connection by an exterior router If you are using AURP to create an AppleTalk wide area network you may want to increase the value to an hour 3600 seconds if the WAN is relatively stable However if you know a network may be unstable you may w
33. tunnel Note Within its local AppleTalk internet an exterior router uses Routing Table Maintenance Protocol RTMP to maintain current routing information 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services When two exterior routers establish a connection via an AURP tunnel they exchange complete routing information Once the initial routing exchange takes place there are no more complete routing table exchanges Instead an exterior router only generates routing updates when an event occurs that changes its routing information thus reducing the amount of routing protocol traffic on the network Events that change routing information include network additions or deletions metric changes and next hop changes In addition the exterior router buffers updates until the next update interval occurs for the AURP connection Hop Count Reduction When two AppleTalk networks communicate via a tunnel the distance one of their packets must go to reach its destination can easily exceed the AppleTalk 15 hop limit To ensure full access to resources beyond 15 hops AURP provides a way to reduce the hop count within the DDP header of an AppleTalk packet With Hop Count Reduction enabled all nodes across the network appear reachable within the AppleTalk 15 hop limit Upon receiving an AppleTalk packet through a tunnel configured with Hop Count Reduction AURP routers examine the routing table entry for that packet s destination network
34. 0 0 to 65279 Identifies the network number of the network to which this interface connects We recommend accepting the default 0 in which case the router dynamically acquires a Network ID and Node ID for the interface during startup thus ensuring that the AppleTalk address for this interface is unique within the network If you change the default value make certain that the number you specify is within the correct network range The router then uses the Network ID that you specify 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 12 117366 A Rev A 4 7 Configuring AppleTalk Services Note If the AppleTalk address Network ID Node ID matches that of any other node on the internet the interface is automatically disabled Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Node ID 0 0 to 253 Identifies the node number assigned to this interface We recommend accepting the default 0 in which case the router dynamically acquires a Network and Node ID for the interface during startup thus ensuring that the AppleTalk address for this interface is unique within the network If you change the default value the router uses the Node ID you specify 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 11 Interface Cost 0 0 to 15 Specifies the additional number of hops cost added to routes that this interface learns via RTMP data packets If you
35. AppleTalk Network 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services AppleTalk Zones Each AppleTalk network is logically divided into zones Zones help you identify the location of a network entity or service Similar network services are usually assigned to the same zone A network s zone list contains all the zones assigned to the network A nonextended network consists of only a single zone You can divide an extended network into 255 zones with one zone designated as the default zone The same zone can be part of many different networks When a new node first starts on the network it is assigned to the default zone Later you can reassign it to any valid zone on the zone list Seed Routers and Nonseed Routers Each AppleTalk network must have at least one designated seed router which is a router configured with the following network information e Network number start range e Network number end range e Default zone name e Zone list for the network Seed routers share this network information with all other nonseed routers on the network Multiple seed routers can reside on the same network but their network ranges default zone name and zone list must be identical 1 4 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview How the Bay Networks AppleTalk Router Works This section describes the following AppleTalk protocols and notes any Bay Networks divergences from these standards e TokenTalk Link Access Protocol TLAP e Eth
36. C sees A and B APT0010A Figure 1 10 Fully Connected Tunnel In a partially connected tunnel two or more exterior routers do not have a connection In such a tunnel routers without an explicit connection cannot see each other s networks This lets network administrators control the view and access that users have to the resources on various protected networks An exterior router in a partially connected tunnel advertises only its local internet It does not advertise network information learned through a different connection on the tunnel Figure 1 11 1 16 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview m m AppleTalk AppleTalk AppleTalk internet internet internet E A sees B not C B sees A and C C sees B not A APTOOLIA Figure 1 11 Partially Connected Tunnel Tickle Request and Tickle Acknowledgment packets maintain the connection between two exterior routers When an exterior router receives an AppleTalk data packet destined for an end system located across the IP internet the router encapsulates the packet with the following headers before forwarding the packet onto the IP internet e Data Link Header which specifies the data link frame information e IP Header which specifies the source and destination IP addr
37. Editing AURP Parameters in Chapter 4 2 34 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes Setting Zone Filters See the section Specifying AppleTalk Zone Information in this chapter AURP zone filters work the same way as AppleTalk zone filters Setting the Interface Cost See the section Specifying Interface Costs in this chapter The AURP interface cost parameter works the same way as the AppleTalk Interface Cost parameter AppleTalk Dial on Demand Routing In addition to supporting standard AURP functionality Bay Networks software enables users to combine AURP and IP dial on demand routing to provide dial on demand routing for AppleTalk networks This service allows the Bay Networks router to activate the physical connection for a circuit only when retransmitting data over the line thus significantly reducing your line costs The dial on demand service enables more efficient use of modems Because modems usually require between 30 and 60 seconds to make a connection you must increase AURP s default timeout and retry values if you intend to use a modem To enable AppleTalk dial on demand routing with Bay Networks software use Site Manager to modify the following configuration parameters 1 Configure all the necessary parameters for IP dial on demand routing on the WAN interface being used for AppleTalk dial on demand routing 2 Configure the AURP connection s for traffic using the WAN interface configur
38. IP tunnel Instructions Set to Enable or Disable to configure AURP for this connection MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 2 117366 A Rev A 4 23 Configuring AppleTalk Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Timeout Command 3 seconds 1 to 1000 s Specifies the number of seconds to wait for an acknowledgment before retrying an AURP command Specify a value in seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 6 Command Retries 3 1 to 100 Specifies the number of attempts at sending an AURP command Specify a value for the number of retries 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 7 Update Rate 30s 10 to 604800 s 1 week Specifies the rate in seconds at which routing table updates are sent out on this connection Specify a value that is a multiple of 10 Refer to Table 4 1 for a list of popular values in seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 8 4 24 117366 A Rev A Table 4 1 Time Equivalents in Seconds Length of Time Seconds 5 min 300 30 min 1 800 1 hr 3 600 8 hr 28 800 1 day 86 400 1 wk 604 800 1 mo 2 419 200 Editing AppleTalk Parameters Not valid for Update Rate Use only for Last Heard From Timeout parameter Parameter Default Options Function Instructi
39. Interface 3 1 Figure 2 6 APT0016A Configuring Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option With the filter in place the ZIP packets that Interface 3 1 generates no longer advertise the Finance zone as being reachable Any NBP Broadcast Request packets that the interface receives for the Finance zone are not propagated as Forward Request packets or Lookup packets As a result the services of the Finance zone are no longer visible to end users in the Engineering zone and Sales zone Zone Filter Rules AppleTalk has several basic filtering rules or conditions that govern how zone filtering works depending on whether you use the Exclude Include 5 X Exclude or 5 X Include options as explained in the following sections 2 14 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes Zone Filter Rules for the Exclude Option Rule 1 The AppleTalk router always advertises its own network information For example if the zone filter list shown in Figure 2 7 for Interface 3 1 were expanded to include the Engineering zone the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 3 3 through Interface 3 1 in response to a GetZoneList or GetLocalZones command A Zone a ooo l o ee 1 1 2 2
40. Interface Configuration window for an extended configuration Note that in the figure the Network Start and Network End are equal Note If two routers are running Bay Networks Version 7 70 router software or later and you want to configure an interface for AppleTalk over PPP on each router both interfaces must be configured the same way for an extended or nonextended network 2 4 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes fea Teh Govier Frcs Corfistion as Die Liebe Papa Lip Figure 2 2 AppleTalk Extended Configuration over PPP Configuring Seed Router Interfaces If you specify a value for the Network Start parameter when enabling an AppleTalk interface then the interface functions as a seed router If you do not set the Network Start parameter then the interface is nonseed by default In addition a seed router interface requires you to e Specify the Network End parameter e Specify the Default Zone parameter e Define a zone list If there are multiple seed routers on the network all must be configured with the same values 117366 A Rev A 2 5 Configuring AppleTalk Services You must configure the interface as a seed router interface if it is the only AppleTalk router on the network If a seed router already is configured on this network you can configure this interface to be a nonseed router Chapter 3 describes how to initially configure a seed router interface To edi
41. OR a OOOO Lance th W Ler i ESSER Figure 3 6 AppleTalk AURP Configuration Window 3 10 117366 A Rev A 5 Enabling AppleTalk Services Enter the appropriate IP address in the Remote AURP IP Address field and click on OK The AT AURP Interface Configuration window reappears Repeat steps 2 and 3 to add additional remote peers to the AURP connection Click on Done to exit the window For information on customizing AURP service or configuring AURP zone filter lists refer to Chapter 4 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Remote AURP IP Address None Any valid 32 bit IP address Identifies the peer s IP address for the AURP connection Enter an IP address using dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 14 117366 A Rev A Chapter 4 Editing AppleTalk Parameters Once you have enabled an AppleTalk interface you can use Site Manager to edit AppleTalk parameters and customize AppleTalk services Use Site Manager to e Edit AppleTalk global parameters e Edit AppleTalk interface parameters e Configure AppleTalk zone lists e Change the AppleTalk Default Zone e Configure AppleTalk zone filters e Select the Name Binding Protocol interface e Globally delete AppleTalk e Edit AURP global parameters e Edit AURP interface parameters e Edit the AURP zone filter list 117366 A Rev A 4 1 Configuring AppleTalk Services Accessing AppleTalk Param
42. RESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of 117366 A Rev A ili its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability IN NO EVENT WILL BAY NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF BAY NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF BAY NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO BAY NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Comp
43. Sales 4 4 due to Rule 2 APTOOI8A Figure 2 8 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 2 Rule 3 The AppleTalk router filters out all networks that reside in the filtered zones For example Networks 10 10 and 20 20 shown in Figure 2 9 are both assigned to the Marketing zone If you add the Marketing zone to the zone filter list for Interface 3 1 then both Network 10 10 and Network 20 20 are filtered out 2 16 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes A Zone z E 1 1 2 2 20 20 Finance Human Resources Marketing B Zone E 3 1 E u 10 10 3 3 4 4 Marketing Engineering Sales Filter Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Filtered Marketing 10 10 20 20 APT0019A Figure 2 9 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 3 Rule 4 Depending on the network configuration Rule 3 can be amended by Rule 2 For example suppose that the network configuration is like the one shown in Figure 2 10 If you add the Marketing zone to the zone filter list for Interface 3 1 the filter behaves differently than in the previous example That is the interface still filters out Network 10 10 because it belongs t
44. Talk gt Interfaces The AppleTalk Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 2 Click on Zone Filter The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window appears Figure 4 5 It lists the zone filters already configured for the router 3 Click on the zone you want to delete 4 Click on Delete The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window no longer lists the zone 5 Click on Done to exit the AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window 6 Click on Done to exit the AppleTalk Interface Configuration window Selecting the Name Binding Protocol Interface When you enable AppleTalk routing services NBP uses the first AppleTalk interface you configure to advertise the router s name on the network To specify a different AppleTalk NBP interface begin at the Configuration Manager window and proceed as follows 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Select NBP Port The AT Interfaces window appears Figure 4 7 117366 A Rev A 4 19 Configuring AppleTalk Services Figure 4 7 AT Interfaces Window Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Click on the AppleTalk interface you want NBP to use to advertise the router s name on the network Click on Select The interface you selected appears in the NBP port field For more information about this field see the parameter description that follows Click on Done to save your changes and exit the window NBP Port The first AppleT
45. Talk parameters A 1 for AURP parameters A 2 deleting AppleTalk globally 4 21 zone filters 4 15 4 19 zones from zone lists 4 13 dial on demand 2 32 2 35 to 2 36 diameter of network 2 34 Domain Header 1 17 to 1 18 1 19 domain identifier 1 15 E Enable parameter for AppleTalk 4 3 for AURP 3 9 4 22 4 23 Enable Split Horizon parameter 2 29 4 11 Index 2 endstations 2 28 entity 1 14 EtherTalk 1 5 exterior routers 1 15 F Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDDI 1 5 Frame Relay 2 2 2 29 G globally deleting AppleTalk 4 21 H hierarchy of network 2 30 Hop Count Reduction parameter AURP 1 20 2 34 4 26 hop limit 1 14 1 20 2 31 l Inside AppleTalk 1 21 Interface Cost parameter AURP 2 35 for AppleTalk 2 6 4 8 for AURP 2 35 4 26 interface parameters for AppleTalk 4 3 to 4 11 for AURP 4 22 to 4 26 Internet Protocol 1 14 L laser printer 1 14 Last Heard from Timeout parameter AURP 2 33 4 25 Link Access protocols 1 5 Local IP Address parameter AURP 3 9 4 22 LocalTalk 1 5 117366 A Rev A loop network 2 34 M MAC header 2 29 Name Binding Protocol 1 14 4 19 to 4 20 packets 1 13 NBP Port parameter 4 20 NBP See Name Binding Protocol network diagram of 1 3 division of 2 30 extended 1 2 to 1 3 2 4 fully meshed 2 29 nonextended 1 2 2 2 topology of 2 27 to 2 30 transition 2 31 Network End parameter 3 4 4 6 Network ID parame
46. The interface does not propagate NBP Broadcast Request packets for the filtered zones as Forward Request packets or Lookup packets Note When you are using the 5 X Exclude or 5 X Include option the interface advertises all networks The interface may not advertise the network with the complete zone list because some of the zones are filtered To avoid different sources advertising conflicting ZIP information the 5 X Exclude and 5 X Include options do not support loop topologies For example the network administrator for the network shown in Figure 2 6 wants to impose a security filter that restricts all AppleTalk users except those in the Human Resources zone from accessing the Finance zone To accomplish this the administrator adds the Finance zone to the 5 X Exclude zone filter list for Interface 3 1 117366 A Rev A 2 13 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone 1 1 2 2 Finance Zone Human Resources Zone B Zone a 3 3 4 4 Engineering Zone Sales Zone Filter 5 X Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Associated with Zones Advertised for Zones in the Zone Filter List the Network for ZIP Reply Finance 1 1 Engineering Default Zone of
47. You can add or delete zones from this window Note Do not add the Default Zone to the interface s zone list Apli Wal inte ol aa Figure 4 4 AT Zone Configuration Window Click on Add Specify the zone name at the Zone Name parameter using the following parameter description as a guide Click on OK The AT Zone Configuration window now lists the zone you added Click on Done to exit the AT Zone Configuration window If you are configuring the AppleTalk router in dynamic mode wait 10 minutes to allow all routers on the network to time out the network and zone information from their zone information tables 10 Set the Enable parameter to Enable 11 Click on Apply 4 12 117366 A Rev A 12 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing AppleTalk Parameters This reenables the AppleTalk interface and implements your changes to the zone list Click on Done to exit the AT Interface Configuration window Zone Name None Any valid zone name A valid zone name contains from 1 to 32 characters and can include any character except an asterisk For more information refer to Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names in Chapter 3 Identifies the other zones besides the Default Zone specified for this network Enter a zone name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 4 1 4 Deleting Zones from the Zone List To delete a zone from the AppleTalk
48. You configure zone filters by constructing an Include Exclude 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude zone filter list for an interface e When you configure an Include zone filter list the interface advertises that it can reach only those zones specified on the list This type of filter is useful if you want to filter out most of the zones that the router knows about e When you configure an Exclude zone filter list the interface advertises that it can reach all zones except those specified on the list This type of filter is useful if you want to filter out only a few of the zones that the router knows about e When you configure a 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude zone filter list the interface advertises that it can reach only those zones allowed or denied on the list However the interface will advertise all networks regardless of the zones in its zone filter list For instructions on configuring zone filters see Configuring AppleTalk Zone Filters in Chapter 4 2 10 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes How Zone Filters Work When you configure zone filters on an interface using the Exclude or Include options the interface no longer sends out zone or network information about the filtered zones e RTMP packets the interface generates do not contain the networks mapped to the filtered zones e ZIP GetZoneList response packets the interface sends out do not contain the filtered zones e NBP Broadcast Request packets the
49. ae caddis ends aniani 2 5 Gpeciiymg meriate COCKS seica a naaa OA EASA 2 6 Enabling AppleTalk Routing and Bridging on the Same Interface ssesseeseeeeeeeseeene 2 8 Specifying AppleTalk Zone Information eee rere eke nais 2 8 Adding or Removing AppleTalk Zones sissisiisiisrseiinii iiaa 2 8 Using AppleTalk Zone Fites sarrias 2 10 How Zone Filters Work esscr PE RE E E EE tre 2 11 ORS FET RUO ee A 2 14 AppleTalk Network Topology INIOrmatiOr 21 cc ccccccccesseneeces snes snenascceeseasaneancceeesnnnnanen 2 27 Configuring the AppleTalk Router to Source Route over Token Ring Networks 2 27 Configuring the AppleTalk Router in a Non Fully Meshed Rame Roy WMC ornoa mine intina 2 29 Reducing Excess Routing Traffic on a Lam AppleTalk Network eer te ee 2 30 Adding a Bay Networks AppleTalk Router to a Transitional Network 008 2 31 PURE MONTANO sincsen rana O EEE 2 31 Dering Wheto Wee AURP parsoni anaemia 2 31 Setting the Update Rate EE NoNe KS E re ET aoe 2 32 Setting the Last Heard From Timeout E E tee 2 33 Settng the Hop Count Reductio wits ossscicecc csiacestletnaino ie deeeadusisnpanlaioiatouda 2 34 Setting the Command Timeout and Command Retries 0 PEE TT 2 34 SEW Zone FN a o A EN 2 35 Seting he MCU TCE COST enriisasiu nania inaa EAAS sttus iuisispdanmunaas EAI RE 2 35 AppleTalk Dial on Denrand OUTING sisciicsisete nce rosins i 2 35 Chapter 3 Enabling AppleTalk Services Enabling Appl
50. alk Link Access Protocols TLAP and ELAP cccccessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeetes 1 5 AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AARP cccesseceeseceeeeseseeseeeeeeeeeeeenaees 1 6 Datagram Delivery Protocol DDP Tna TE ihe 1 8 Routing Table Maintenance Protocol RTMP ccceesseseeeeeesecceeeeeeseneeeeeeeeeees 1 10 Zone IMOT TAO ROR CON ZW Ps sverti ssn ca rcertl ae sud diana clan thncaiiuntnce wii itdanaulamnanaedats 1 11 Name Bitang Protocol NBP ssc siccrestscsceccaxiedessconshegicivodaegiciscmnieaastecbaade Eae 1 13 AppleTalk Echo Premed IABP osn tiea 1 14 AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP E E Ann 1 14 AURP TUS WY doirani a aa NA 1 14 Update based Routing Table Maintenance cccceccsccesseseecseeeesteeeseeeeeees 1 19 Hop Coir Reducion lt cissazdeeusceuiccdeannace edasu seiuigaetbeedaudactpapidearee acaiditermmeotansneulges 1 20 For Moie IG aN EW ei passers oN NEES 1 21 117366 A Rev A v Chapter 2 AppleTalk Implementation Notes Configuring AppleTalk Interfaces over WAN Media cccceccceeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeaeeteeeeees 2 2 AppleTalk Running on Frame Relay or SMDS o eeeececceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeneeneees 2 2 AppleTalk as a Nonextended Network over PPP onon ir Ea 2 2 AppleTalk as an Extended Network over PPP aaessesssssssesssrrreesssnnssesennesernnnenseennneenna 2 4 Comiguring Seed Router Interfaces i i cc5 ec asssineiecnnitiaioe e
51. alk interface you configured Other configured AppleTalk interfaces Indicates the AppleTalk interface you want NBP to use to advertise the router s name on the network Accept the default or select a different AppleTalk interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 1 6 4 20 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters Globally Deleting AppleTalk To delete the AppleTalk routing protocol from all Bay Networks router circuits on which it is currently enabled begin from the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Delete AppleTalk A window opens and prompts Do you REALLY want to delete AppleTalk 2 Click on OK The Configuration Manager window appears AppleTalk is no longer configured on the Bay Networks router Editing AURP Global Parameters To edit AURP global parameters begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt AURP gt Global The Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters window appears Figure 4 8 Enable Lance Loe IP Arhkirenn Figure 4 8 Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters Window 2 Set the Enable parameter to Disable or Enable using the following parameter descriptions as a guide 3 Enter the appropriate IP address using dotted decimal notation in the Local IP Address field 117366 A Rev A 4 21 Configuring AppleTalk Services 4 Click on OK to exit the window and save your changes when you are
52. an Resources Finance B Zone 3 1 gt gt ___ _ lt 7 lt 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Filter 5 X Exclude Zone Filter List Finance Engineering Sales Networks Advertised Zones Advertised 2 2 Human Resources not in 5 X Exclude list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 4 4 Sales Rule 2 APTO025A Figure 2 15 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Exclude Option Rule 2 Rule 3 The AppleTalk router advertises all networks If the 5 X Exclude zone filter list specifies all of the zones associated with a network the router would advertise that network with the default zone of the filtering interface For example if the 5 X Exclude zone filter list shown in Figure 2 16 for Interface 3 1 includes the Finance Engineering and Sales zones the router would still advertise Network 1 1 out through Interface 3 1 except that the router would advertise the default zone of Interface 3 1 Engineering with Network 1 1 117366 A Rev A 2 23 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone E E 1 1 2 2 Finance Human Resources B Zone 3 1 gt E 5 qg lt a 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Filter 5 X Exclude Zone Filter List Networks
53. ant to decrease this value to as little as 30 seconds to ensure that you are aware of any disruptions in service For information on editing the Last Heard From Timeout parameter refer to Editing AURP Parameters in Chapter 4 117366 A Rev A 2 33 Configuring AppleTalk Services Setting the Hop Count Reduction Enable hop count reduction only when the diameter of your network is greater than 15 hops If you use hop count reduction make sure you do not create a network loop like the one shown in Figure 2 22 Hop count reduction can only take place across two AppleTalk networks that are linked by an AURP tunnel Tunnel gt APT0032A Figure 2 22 Network Loop For information on editing the Hop Count Reduction parameter refer to Editing AURP Parameters in Chapter 4 Setting the Command Timeout and Command Retries The Command Timeout specifies the amount of time to wait for an acknowledgment before retrying the command The Command Retries parameter specifies how many attempts are made before the connection is considered closed For a typical network that is a network that is relatively stable the recommended Command Timeout value is 3 seconds If a network is busy or requires long distance travel larger values may be required For information on editing the Command Timeout and Command Retries parameters refer to
54. ap Lael BP Arkin Figure 3 4 Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters Window 2 Set the Enable parameter to Enable 3 8 117366 A Rev A Enabling AppleTalk Services 3 Enter the appropriate IP address using dotted decimal notation in the Local IP Address field 4 Click on OK to exit the window and save your changes when you are finished Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables AURP on the router Instructions Set to Enable to globally enable AURP MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 8 2 Parameter Local IP Address Default None Options Any valid 32 bit IP address in dotted decimal notation Function Identifies an IP interface on the router This is the IP interface used for AURP Instructions Enter the IP address of the interface on this router that AURP should use MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 8 5 To configure the AURP connection enter the IP address for the remote peer To do this begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt AURP gt Interfaces The AT AURP Interface Configuration window appears Figure 3 5 117366 A Rev A 3 9 Configuring AppleTalk Services Ensila Timmi Comair Commer Petrie Upate Pate Leet Heard Erom Timernii lop Count edict ion Figure 3 5 AT AURP Interface Configuration Window 2 Click on Add The AppleTalk AURP Configuration window appears Figure 3 6 Loo O O
55. arameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID WAN MAC Address None Any valid MAC address Specifies the SMDS individual MAC address or the Frame Relay MAC address for this interface If this interface is of circuit type SMDS or for specific Frame Relay networks enter the MAC address Note that the length of the address you specify must be correct for the circuit type For example for a Frame Relay circuit with 2 byte DLCIs specify a 2 byte WAN broadcast address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 10 WAN Broadcast Address None Any valid broadcast address Specifies the Frame Relay or SMDS group broadcast address for this interface If this interface is of circuit type Frame Relay or SMDS enter its broadcast address Note that the length of the address you specify must be correct for the circuit type For example for a Frame Relay circuit with 2 byte DLCIs specify a 2 byte WAN broadcast address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 80 4 10 117366 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configuring You Editing AppleTalk Parameters Enable Split Horizon Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether AppleTalk Split Horizon is enabled or disabled for Frame Relay interfaces Accept the default Enable unless this AppleTalk interface connects to a non fully meshed Frame Rela
56. clude 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude as appropriate The Zone Filter Type parameter is described following these instructions 4 Click on Apply to implement your changes 5 Click on Done to exit the AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window Parameter Zone Filter Type Default Exclude Options Include Exclude 5 X Include 5 X Exclude Function Specifies the filter action If you set this parameter to Exclude then the router excludes the zones on the zone filter list from its zone information table If you set this parameter to Include then the router includes only the zones on the zone filter lists in its zone information table If you set this parameter to 5 X Include then the router includes only those specified zones in its zone information table The networks associated with these zones will always be advertised If you set this parameter to 5 X Exclude then the router excludes only those specified zones from its zone information table The networks associated with these zones will always be advertised Instructions Specify Include Exclude 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude depending on the filter action you want MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 82 4 18 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters Deleting Zones from the Zone Filter List To delete AppleTalk zones from an AppleTalk interface s zone filter list begin at the Configuration Manager window shown in Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt Apple
57. d Node ID for Interfaces 1 1 1 2 and 1 3 See Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 for instructions on how to set the Enable Split Horizon Network ID and Node ID parameters Reducing Excess Routing Traffic on a Large AppleTalk Network If you are adding Bay Networks AppleTalk routers to a large internet such as one that has more than 200 routers and networks consider the following network configuration tips to reduce the amount of routing traffic on your network e Keep the physical network topology as hierarchical as possible Using a functional organizational hierarchy isolates groups on the network and reduces the amount of excess broadcast traffic e Reduce the number of devices on a single physical network or bridged network by dividing the internet into a greater number of networks This also helps to reduce the amount of traffic that is broadcast to all nodes on the network e Limit the amount of Name Binding Protocol traffic on the network avoid configuring the same zone on multiple networks Instead keep the ratio of zones to networks as close to 1 1 as possible 2 30 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes Adding a Bay Networks AppleTalk Router to a Transitional Network You can add the Bay Networks AppleTalk router to a transitional network one that generates both AppleTalk Phase 1 and AppleTalk Phase 2 traffic For performance reasons however we do not recommend it If y
58. d WAN Broadcast Address parameters See the section Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 for instructions If you do not specify these values then e For Frame Relay circuits the router broadcasts to all DLCIs e For SMDS circuits the router uses the addresses specified at the SMDS circuit level AppleTalk as a Nonextended Network over PPP To make the Bay Networks AppleTalk software work with router software that uses nonextended network configurations over PPP RFC 1378 compliant you must configure the AppleTalk interface as a seed router for a nonextended network For more information about seed routers see Configuring Seed Router Interfaces later in this chapter Chapter 3 describes how to initially configure an AppleTalk interface on a PPP circuit To edit an AppleTalk interface you have already configured see Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 2 2 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes Make sure you configure the AppleTalk parameters as follows e Set the Network Start parameter to the desired value e Set the Network End parameter to 0 which indicates that the network is nonextended e Set the Default Zone parameter for the interface The network can have only one zone the Default Zone e Set the Network ID and the Node ID for the interface Figure 2 1 shows a sample AppleTalk Interface Configuration window for a nonextended configuration Note that
59. e 2 21 AppleTalk Routers in a Non Fully Meshed Frame Relay Topology 2 30 Figure 2 22 Network LOOD s ccciscccnescaineuinances P E E 2 34 Figure 3 1 AppleTalk Interface Configuration Window eee cece eereeereeeeeeeeneeenaees 3 2 Figure 3 2 AT Zone Configuration WINGOW occccccccccceeccsteeecaseccsetndersaecseueencusanees 3 6 Figure 3 3 AppleTalk Zone Configuration Window 0 cceeeee eis Ba ieee Figure 3 4 Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters Window cccccseeseteeeeeteeeeees 3 8 Figure 3 5 AT AURP Interface Configuration WiINdOW ccceseeereeeteeeeteeeeneeaees 3 10 Figure 3 6 AppleTalk AURP Configuration Window 0 cccccecesteeeeeeeeeseeeeteneees 3 10 Figure 4 1 Configuration Manager Window ccccccecseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteaeeseeneeeeees 4 2 Figure 4 2 Edit AppleTalk Global Parameters Window 00200 Saeeaieues 4B Figure 4 3 AT Interface Configuration WindOW ceeceeccceeneeeereeteeeeeeetneeereeeeeeners 4 4 Figure 4 4 AT Zone Configuration Window cccsceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeceeceaeeseeeetaes 4 12 Figure 4 5 AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration Window 0 scereaniavoneeapncadk 4 16 Figure 46 Adding 2 Zone Name siaccinisatinnsaiiniss cpa a 4 16 Fie 4 7 TUT WIMIOW sciences ccatnsdirreinanedinedanunsuteucer end iaceanmnnsaunaioersaniandas 4 20 Figure 4 8 Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters Window c ceeseeeteeeereees 4
60. e AppleTalk 2d ed Cupertino Calif Apple Computer 1990 The router counts the xx as a single character Type two backslashes to indicate a literal backslash The router counts as a single character Click on Apply Save the configuration Transfer the configuration file to the router using the Router Files Manager tool if the Configuration Manager is in local configuration mode Reboot the router with the new configuration file 117366 A Rev A 3 7 Configuring AppleTalk Services Caution Nonprintable characters in these parameters appear as different characters when you transfer the file to the router and reopen it using the Configuration Manager SNMP translates the characters when transferring the configuration to Site Manager To edit Default Zone or Zone List parameters where you previously saved nonprintable characters overtype the zone name and retype the nonprintable characters following the steps in this section Configuring AURP Before configuring AURP on a router you must configure AppleTalk on at least one of the router s circuits Once you have configured an AppleTalk interface you can use AURP to create a wide area link between two or more AppleTalk networks To configure AURP global parameters begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt AURP gt Global The Edit Apple AURP Global Parameters window appears Figure 3 4 Emits l
61. eTalk on an Interface cma Ee re rer etter E eeret terre rer eer terre 3 2 IVAN TS IGE siaa RAA T 3 5 Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names n se 3 7 Contouring AURP ascceccvead cena eam tladtiieeeaea ada itdaieted ee ea iste neds 3 8 vi 117366 A Rev A Chapter 4 Editing AppleTalk Parameters Accessing Appie Talk PAGES cases isccccsscscinismsscasceacnaetdcscatbaeyacermsiedesaancansaiciuctiaesaaconies 4 2 Editing the AppleTalk Global Parameter cccccccseeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeaeessaeenaeeeaes 4 2 Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters re Sie enter errr reer ET 4 3 Gonmigurng AppleTalk zone Lists singrioniriairi s niania A AN 4 11 Adding Zones 10S Zone LST emosian a a ea EE 4 11 Deleting zones irom the Zone List csicsas srie onnie oaee nnan 4 13 Ghanging the AppleTalk Default Zone ojesisscssecesseasacesiveereee n 4 14 Configuring AppleTalk Zone Filters 0 a R AE TEE E ae 4 15 Adding Zones to the Zone Filler Lisi ssirrsrcraiiiean iniaa 4 15 Editing the zone Filter TYPE csuroirosaivineignneai kiaia ieai iaia 4 17 Deleting Zones from the Zone Filter List ccccsccccunssccscsvsccoesanoesiceceanccnedensesainonnnnnanase 4 19 Selecting the Name Binding Protocol Interface eeccceeeseeeeeee cece eeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeees 4 19 Globally Deleting Apple TaK risici iaaa dann dies Cada bee 4 21 Editing AURP Global Pare ieee saniisiisiinanm nan 4 21 Editing AURP Intetia
62. ed for dial on demand routing with the following parameters defined a Modify the AppleTalk timeout and retry intervals the default is three tries with a 3 second interval to slightly exceed the connect delay characteristics of the modem being used for dial on demand routing For example if the modem takes 45 seconds to connect set the timeout and retry parameters so that the AURP connection does not time out before the modem connects for example eight tries with an 8 second interval between tries a total of 64 seconds which exceeds the 45 second modem timeout 117366 A Rev A 2 35 Configuring AppleTalk Services b Set the AURP Update Rate timer to a large value to prevent topology change information from initiating a dial on demand session A small value for example 5 minutes could potentially result in a call every 5 minutes depending on the stability of the network A larger value for example 24 hours results in fewer calls due to routing updates but also greatly increases the amount of time before the peer router and other routers in its local internet learns about network changes over the tunnel c Increase the AURP Last Heard From Timeout interval to a high value to prevent Tickle packets from initiating a dial on demand connection The AURP connection attempts to send a Tickle if it has not heard from the peer within this interval A Last Heard From Timeout of 24 hours results in at least one call per
63. eld sales office or one of the following numbers Region Telephone number Fax number United States and Canada 800 2LANWAN then enter Express Routing Code ERC 290 when prompted to purchase or renew a service contract 508 916 8880 direct 508 916 3514 Europe 33 4 92 96 69 66 33 4 92 96 69 96 Asia Pacific 61 2 9927 8888 61 2 9927 8899 Latin America 561 988 7661 561 988 7550 Information about customer service is also available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Bay Networks service program call one of the following Bay Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone number Fax number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 508 916 3514 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 408 495 1188 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 33 4 92 96 69 98 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 61 2 9927 881 1 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0180 81 3 5402 0173 xvi 117366 A Rev A Chapter 1 AppleTalk Overview Configuring AppleTalk services on your router involves e AppleTalk network organization addresses and zones e Seed routers and nonseed routers e The Bay N
64. erTalk Link Access Protocol ELAP e AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AARP e Datagram Delivery Protocol DDP e Routing Table Maintenance Protocol RTMP e Zone Information Protocol ZIP e Name Binding Protocol NBP e AppleTalk Echo Protocol AEP e AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP This section also describes how a Bay Networks AppleTalk interface initializes on the network AppleTalk Link Access Protocols TLAP and ELAP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router uses AppleTalk Link Access protocols to transmit packets between nodes on the same physical network TokenTalk controls data transmission on Token Ring networks EtherTalk controls data transmission on Ethernet networks The router also supports Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDDI and Bay Networks proprietary synchronous encapsulation Note The Bay Networks AppleTalk router does not support LocalTalk or AppleTalk Phase 1 routing and therefore cannot directly attach to nonextended networks 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AARP For a Bay Networks AppleTalk router to forward a packet to a directly connected AppleTalk node the router needs to know the e Packet s AppleTalk address e Corresponding hardware address of the node where the AppleTalk address resides The router uses the AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol AARP to map AppleTalk addresses to their equivalent hardware
65. ess e UDP Header which specifies the destination User Datagram Protocol UDP port e Domain Header which specifies the source and destination AppleTalk domain identifiers DIs for AURP tunneling DIs are derived from IP addresses 117366 A Rev A 1 17 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Domain Header consists of the following fields e Destination DI which contains the DI of the exterior router to which a packet is forwarded e Source DI which contains the DI of the exterior router that is forwarding a packet e Version Number which contains the value 0001 e Reserved which is reserved for future use and contains the value 0000 e Packet Type which contains the value 0002 to identify the data that follows as AppleTalk data distinguishing it from other data such as routing data value 0003 The receiving exterior router decapsulates the datagram then forwards it to the destination AppleTalk end system Figure 1 12 shows the format of an AppleTalk data packet forwarded across an AURP tunnel 1 18 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview Data Link Header IP Header UDP Header Dest DI 0001 0000 0002 DDP Header 13 b ytes AppleT alk Data 0 to 586 bytes APTO0012A Figure 1 12 AppleTalk Data Packet Forwarded across an AURP Tunnel Update based Routing Table Maintenance Exterior routers connected to a tunnel use AURP to exchange routing information with other exterior routers connected to the same
66. eters You can access and edit the AppleTalk parameters for all AppleTalk interfaces configured on the router least one AppleTalk interface To configure an AppleTalk interface or to add additional interfaces refer to Chapter 3 Note Before you can edit the parameters you must have already configured at gt You access all AppleTalk parameters from the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 Refer to Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for instructions on accessing this window le Configuration Gear Local TH L Lee FILE Pile fase Sexctrafemgr nT cig siel Lind hasi LHP KID Wersian 29 00 Berizin WE Gmi y al SP Miaj Whereas Empty Shot Tea ala tp bean E Figure 4 1 Configuration Manager Window Editing the AppleTalk Global Parameter To edit the AppleTalk global parameter begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Global The Edit AppleTalk Global Parameters window appears Figure 4 2 4 2 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters Figure 4 2 Edit AppleTalk Global Parameters Window 2 Set the Enable parameter to Disable or Enable using the following parameter description as a guide 3 Click on OK to exit the window and save your changes when you are finished Parameter Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables AppleTalk on the entire Bay Networks router Instructions Set
67. etworks implementation of AppleTalk routing protocols e Initialization of Bay Networks AppleTalk interfaces e The Bay Networks implementation of AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP e More information about AppleTalk AppleTalk Networking The AppleTalk network system developed by Apple Computer Inc lets you communicate and share resources such as printers or file servers with other Apple and non Apple users AppleTalk s dynamic addressing scheme lets you plug into an AppleTalk network to gain immediate access without complicated configuration procedures An AppleTalk internet unites physically distinct networks composed of AppleTalk end nodes connected by routers The end nodes send and receive messages the routers like the Bay Networks AppleTalk router send and receive messages and also route messages in datagram format throughout the AppleTalk network 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services AppleTalk Addresses There are two types of AppleTalk networks extended and nonextended An extended network theoretically supports up to 16 million nodes and has the following characteristics e The network is assigned a range of 16 bit network numbers e Each node within the network is dynamically assigned a 24 bit AppleTalk address Figure 1 1 that consists of a 16 bit network number chosen from within the range assigned combined with an 8 bit node number The values 0 FF and FE are reserved for f
68. f the 5 X Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 18 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone the router would still advertise zone and network information about Network 4 4 out Interface 3 1 117366 A Rev A 2 25 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone B Zone Filter 2 2 Human Resources Finance 3 1 gt E gt lt fai 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales 5 X Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources 2 2 Human Resources in 5 X Include list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 4 4 Sales Rule 2 Figure 2 18 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 2 APTO028A Rule 3 The AppleTalk router advertises all networks If the 5 X Include zone list specifies none of the zones associated with a network the default zone of the filtering interface is advertised with that network For example if the 5 X Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 19 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone the router would still advertise Network 1 1 out through Interface 3 1 except that the router would advertise the default zone of Interface 3 1 Engineering with Network 1 1 2 26 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Imp
69. fo request response and ack e Zone Information request and response e Router down notification e Tickle and Tickle ack based on configurable timer AURP does not support the following AppleTalk commands over the IP connecting network e GetDomainZoneList request and response e GetZonesNet request and response In addition the following features are not available in the Bay Networks implementation of AURP e Loop detection e Network number remapping e Configured alternative backup paths e Network hiding The following sections provide general guidelines for understanding and using some of the most important AURP parameters Setting the Update Rate You should carefully consider how often you want to update your AppleTalk network A smaller update rate for example 10 seconds causes routers to converge more quickly on a network making most changes to the network appear quickly in the Chooser application Though a smaller update rate provides users with quick access to any zones added to a network it may also prove to be expensive for example in a dial on demand configuration or over Frame Relay 2 32 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes A larger update rate for example 1 hour causes routers to converge less quickly making changes to the network appear less quickly in the Chooser application Zones may still appear in the Chooser even though their associated networks are no longer reachable across
70. g this Agreement contact Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway P O Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 117366 A Rev A Contents About This Guide Bore OE E ntcnctcuntate salen a teapanatttes xiii Conventions 0 sip E E E A E E E T xiv PTO aa a E xiv Ordering Bay Netwoiks PUDIICANONS sesirirsrssiciivssnananvani ianiai aana aaka XV Bay Nefworks Customer BENIDE cciscticceste tein cei ie a aie eens Xvi PIO a Ger HE a a enc arta eA teh Ara healed phat waets xvi Chapter 1 AppleTalk Overview PDE TENOOR ona aan Geman an eA 1 1 PRINS TAU PRI A A E E T A A E 1 2 PONG TANK LONGS rinrincnnenni n raneicer ema Thad ehaetebavramis 1 4 Seed Routers and Nonseed ROUTES c cccccistesececcssciseeetcseeseesdeanrsdenesseaieeetstonaneees 1 4 How the Bay Networks AppleTalk Router Works ccceessscceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeneeeeeneees 1 5 AppleT
71. here e Name is the name assigned to the device that identifies it on the network e Type specifies the device type for example the type specified for a laser printer is identified by the type LaserWriter e Zone name specifies the AppleTalk zone in which the device resides AppleTalk Echo Protocol AEP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router supports the AppleTalk Echo Protocol AEP which allows the router to respond to echo packets it receives from other nodes on the network AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router supports the AppleTalk Update based Routing Protocol AURP which provides an optional set of features that you can use with an AppleTalk Phase 2 network AURP provides more efficient use of network bandwidth increased network security and enables AppleTalk networks to exchange data through a tunnel Bay Networks supports three major AURP features e AURP tunneling to allow AppleTalk communications over existing wide area Internet Protocol IP backbones e Update based routing table maintenance to reduce bandwidth use over a tunnel e Hop count reduction to extend the current AppleTalk 15 hop limit The following sections provide a brief overview of the AURP features that Bay Networks router software supports AURP Tunneling AURP tunneling lets you connect two or more previously unconnected AppleTalk internets over an IP internet Figure 1 9 The sending router encapsulate
72. his parameter to 5 X Exclude then the router excludes only those specified zones from its zone information table The networks associated with these zones will always be advertised MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 5 Note If you delete all the zones listed in the Zone Filter window and then leave the Zone Filter Type value set to Include AURP no longer advertises any zones You must set the value back to the default Exclude 117366 A Rev A 4 27 Configuring AppleTalk Services Parameter Zone Name Default None Options Any valid zone name Function Identifies the zone name that should be excluded or included depending on what you specified for the Zone Filter Type parameter Instructions Enter an appropriate zone name A valid zone name contains from 1 to 32 characters and can include any character except for the asterisk For more information refer to Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names in Chapter 3 MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 7 1 6 4 28 117366 A Rev A Appendix A AppleTalk Default Settings Tables A 1 to A 5 show the default settings for the AppleTalk and AURP parameters in Site Manager Use the Configuration Manager and refer to Chapter 4 to edit any of the default settings shown here Table A 1 AppleTalk Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Table A 2 AppleTalk Interface Parameters Parame
73. in the figure the Network End equals 0 Note If two routers are running Bay Networks Version 7 70 router software or higher and you want to configure an interface for AppleTalk over PPP on each router both interfaces must be configured the same way for an extended or nonextended network Lore De Liebe Pal iy Dow Liat Figure 2 1 AppleTalk Nonextended Configuration over PPP 117366 A Rev A 2 3 Configuring AppleTalk Services AppleTalk as an Extended Network over PPP If you want to configure AppleTalk over PPP for an interface that is connected to a router running Bay Networks Version 5 70 or higher router software or Bay Networks Version 7 60 or higher router software you must configure the AppleTalk interface as a seed router for an extended network For more information about seed routers see Configuring Seed Router Interfaces later in this chapter Chapter 3 describes how to initially configure an AppleTalk interface on a PPP circuit To edit an AppleTalk interface you have already configured see Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 Make sure you configure the AppleTalk parameters as follows e Set the Network Start and Network End parameters The network must have a range of one for example 4 4 or 10 10 e Set the Default Zone The network can have only one zone the Default Zone e Set the Network ID and Node ID for the interface Figure 2 2 shows a sample AppleTalk
74. ing 4 7 removing 2 8 117366 A Rev A
75. k Update Routing Protocol Datagram Delivery Protocol domain identifier data link connection identifier EtherTalk Link Access Protocol Fiber Distributed Data Interface Internet Protocol xiv 117366 A Rev A About This Guide LAN local area network NBP Name Binding Protocol PPP Point to Point Protocol RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Services SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol TLAP TokenTalk Link Access Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol WAN wide area network ZIP Zone Information Protocol Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from Bay Networks Press at the following numbers e Phone U S Canada 888 422 9773 e Phone International 510 490 4752 e FAX U S Canada and International 510 498 2609 The Bay Networks Press catalog is available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library GenMisc Bay Networks publications are available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library tpubs 117366 A Rev A XV Configuring AppleTalk Services Bay Networks Customer Service You can purchase a support contract from your Bay Networks distributor or authorized reseller or directly from Bay Networks Services For information about or to purchase a Bay Networks service contract either call your local Bay Networks fi
76. lementation Notes A Zone n z 1 1 2 2 Finance Human Resources B Zone E 3 1 gt E au lt Te 3 3 4 4 Engineering Sales Filter 5 X Include Zone Filter List Networks Advertised Zones Advertised Human Resources 2 2 Human Resources in 5 X Include list 3 3 Engineering Rule 1 4 4 Sales Rule 2 1 1 Engineering Default Zone of Interface 3 1 Rule 3 APT0029A Figure 2 19 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the 5 X Include Option Rule 3 AppleTalk Network Topology Information This section describes information specific to AppleTalk network topologies Configuring the AppleTalk Router to Source Route over Token Ring Networks The Bay Networks AppleTalk router supports routing over Token Ring networks that contain one or more source routing bridges 117366 A Rev A 2 27 Configuring AppleTalk Services End Station 1 In a Source Routing network every endstation that sends out a frame supplies the frame with the necessary route descriptors so that it can be source routed across the network Thus for routers to route packets across a Source Routing network they must act like endstations supplying route descriptors for each packet before they
77. logy If an AppleTalk interface connects to a non fully meshed Frame Relay topology and you want all of the routers connecting to the Frame Relay network to learn about each other then you must e Set the Enable Split Horizon parameter for this interface to Disable e Statically configure the Network ID and Node ID for each AppleTalk interface connecting to the Frame Relay network A non fully meshed network is a WAN in which one or more routers do not have logically direct connections to all other routers Figure 2 21 shows a sample non fully meshed network with Split Horizon disabled A fully meshed network is a WAN in which all routers have a logically direct connection to each other 117366 A Rev A 2 29 Configuring AppleTalk Services Disable split horizon Router B _ Router A El L 1 1 Frame Relay Network 1 1 Router C APT0031A Figure 2 21 AppleTalk Routers in a Non Fully Meshed Frame Relay Topology For example if you enable Split Horizon on Interface 1 1 then Router A learns about Router B and Router C however Router B does not learn about Router C and vice versa For all routers to learn about each other you must disable Split Horizon for Interface 1 1 and you must statically configure Network ID an
78. n to Bay Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Bay Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concernin
79. nd as follows If this is the only seed router on the network determine the network range for this interface and enter the upper boundary network number If there are already seed routers on the network enter the same Network End value that is configured on all other seed routers MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 14 3 4 117366 A Rev A Enabling AppleTalk Services Parameter Default Zone Default None Options Any valid zone name Function Specifies the name of the default zone to which all new nodes are assigned when they first start up on this network This parameter is used in conjunction with the Network Start and Network End parameters to help define a seed router If you have not specified a Network Start for this interface this parameter is ignored Instructions To configure this interface as a nonseed router leave this field blank To configure this interface as a seed router specify the Default Zone as follows If this is the only seed router on the network enter any valid Default Zone name If there are already seed routers on the network enter the same Default Zone name as is configured on all other seed routers A valid zone name can consist of a maximum of 32 characters and can include any character except an asterisk See Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names in this chapter MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 15 Configuring the Zone List
80. ne Length Default Zone APTO0007A ZIP GetNetinfo Packets 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview Name Binding Protocol NBP Macintosh users on an AppleTalk network refer to services by name rather than by physical location For example if you want to locate a printer select the Chooser and then pick the printer by name rather than by its AppleTalk address The Bay Networks AppleTalk router uses the Name Binding Protocol NBP and the Zone Information Protocol to map names of services to AppleTalk addresses When the router receives an NBP Broadcast Request packet for a named entity from an AppleTalk node it refers to its zone list to see in which network the requested entity s zone is located If the zone is on the local network it broadcasts an NBP Lookup Request packet If the zone is located on a different network it sends out an NBP Forward Request packet toward the router connected to the network with the destination zone Upon receiving a forward request that router then broadcasts an NBP Lookup Request Figure 1 8 NBP Broadcast Request NBP LookUp REPY NBP Lookup Request and Tuple Count NBP Forward Reply NBP ID NBP ID NBP Tuple 1 NBP Tuple NBP Tuple 2 Function 1 BrRq NBP Tuple 3 Function 2 LkKUpRq Function 3 FwdRq APTO008A Figure 1 8 NBP Packets 117366 A Rev A 1 13 Configuring AppleTalk Services An NBP named entity consists of the name type and zone name w
81. o the Marketing zone However even though Network 20 20 also belongs to the Marketing zone it is not filtered out because it was learned about on this same interface conforming to Rule 2 117366 A Rev A 2 17 Configuring AppleTalk Services A Zone E z 1 1 2 2 Finance Human Resources B Zone 3 4 gt 5 E ag lt lt 10 10 3 3 20 20 Marketing Engineering Marketing Filter Exclude Zone Filter List Networks Filtered Networks not Filtered Marketing 10 10 20 20 due to Rule 2 APTO020A Figure 2 10 AppleTalk Zone Filters with the Exclude Option Rule 4 Zone Filter Rules for the Include Option Rule 1 The AppleTalk router always advertises its own network information For example if the Include zone filter list shown in Figure 2 11 for Interface 3 1 includes the Human Resources zone the router would still advertise zones and network information about Network 3 3 out through Interface 3 1 2 18 117366 A Rev A A Zone _ 1 1 Finance AppleTalk Implementation Notes B Zone
82. ons MIB Object ID Last Heard From Timeout 90 30 to 31536000 s 1 yr Specifies the number of seconds to wait for an RI Rsp RI Upd or ZI Rsp before sending a Tickle request Specify a value that is a multiple of 10 Refer to Table 4 1 for a list of popular values in seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 9 117366 A Rev A 4 25 Configuring AppleTalk Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Hop Count Reduction Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables hop count reduction Set to Enable to enable hop count reduction Set to Disable to disable hop count reduction Do not use hop count reduction in a topology that has loops AURP or RTMP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 10 Interface Cost 0 hops 0 to 15 hops Specifies the additional number of hops cost added to routes that this interface learns via RTMP data packets If you want to limit the use of an interface assign a high cost If you do not want to limit the use of an interface assign a low cost See Specifying Interface Costs in Chapter 2 for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 11 Zone Filter Default Zone None Any valid zone name Specifies the name of the Default Zone used for the 5 X Include or 5 X Exclude options Enter an ap
83. ortions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ji 117366 A Rev A Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Bay Networks Inc Bay Networks
84. ou choose to add the Bay Networks AppleTalk router to a transitional network you must consider the following configuration requirements e AnAppleTalk Phase 1 to Phase 2 transitional router must reside on the internet e All defined network ranges must consist of a single number for example 1 1 is a valid network range while 1 5 is invalid e You can only specify a single zone name for each network AURP Information Before configuring AURP on a router you must configure AppleTalk on at least one of the router s circuits Then you can use AURP to create a wide area link between two or more AppleTalk networks Unlike other AppleTalk protocols AURP does not require you to configure any circuits for AURP services Use AURP to configure the router s interface to another router that is set up for AURP services known as the peer IP address Deciding When to Use AURP You may find AURP desirable when faced with one of the following scenarios e You want to link two or more AppleTalk networks across an existing IP internet e You want to reduce the amount of RTMP traffic on an AppleTalk network e You have a large AppleTalk network that is approaching the 15 hop AppleTalk limit If possible use AURP without RTMP in a nonloop topology 117366 A Rev A 2 31 Configuring AppleTalk Services Note that AURP supports the following AppleTalk commands over the IP connecting network e Open request and response e Routing In
85. ount 15 in which case it is discarded 1 8 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview DDP Header Sockets 0 Invalid H op Count 1 RTMP Datagram Length 2 NIS 4 AEP 6 ZIS DDP Checksum 3 5 07 3F reserved 40 7F experimental 80 FE dynamic Destination Network Number DDP Types Source Network 0 In valid Number 1 R TMP 2 NBP Destination Node ID 3 ATP 4 AEP Source Node ID 5 R TMP Req 6 ZIP Destination Socket No 7 ADSP 08 0F reserved Source Socket No DDP Type Special Addresses 0000 FF network wide broadcast Datagram Data nnnn FF broadcast to net nnnn 0 to 586 bytes nnnn 00 any router on net nnnn nnnn FE reserved net FF00 FFFE startup range APT004A Figure 1 4 DDP Packet When the Bay Networks AppleTalk router receives a packet it checks to see if the packet s destination network number is the local network If it is the router passes it down to the data link layer that forwards the packet toward the destination node If the destination network number is a different network the router refers to its routing tables to determine the next hop on the shortest path to the destination Finally the router increments the hop count by one and forwards the packet toward the next hop The router s routing tables are maintained using the Routing Table Maintenance Protocol 117366 A Rev A 1 9 Configuring AppleTalk Services Routing Table Maintenance Pro
86. ows all routers on the AppleTalk internet to time out the network and zone information for the network from their zone lists Note To expedite network timeout in an internet containing AURP tunnels you may need to manually reset AURP connections that have large update intervals 4 Reenable the router interfaces that connect to the network L J lily 1 1 1 2 1 3 Network 1 3 Red Zone White Zone New Zone Blue Old Zone List Red White New Zone List Red White Blue APTO014A Figure 2 4 Updating an AppleTalk Router s Zone List 117366 A Rev A 2 9 Configuring AppleTalk Services Using AppleTalk Zone Filters Bay Networks AppleTalk zone filters let network administrators control the zone information that Bay Networks routers distribute providing a level of security unavailable through the standard AppleTalk protocol The Bay Networks AppleTalk implementation lets you configure zone filters on a per interface basis Use zone filters to e Impose network security Zone filters can impose security measures by controlling which AppleTalk zones and networks are accessible to endstations on the network e Simplify a user s network access Zone filters can screen out unwanted zones and reduce the number of zones on a user s Chooser
87. propriate zone name A valid zone name contains from 1 to 32 characters and can include any character except for the asterisk For more information refer to Using Nonprintable Characters in AppleTalk Zone Names in Chapter 3 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 9 1 80 4 26 117366 A Rev A Editing AppleTalk Parameters Editing the AURP Zone Filter List To edit the AURP zone filter list begin at the AT AURP Interface Configuration window Figure 4 9 and click on Zone Filter The AppleTalk Zone Filter Configuration window appears Figure 4 5 AURP zone filter lists work the same way as regular AppleTalk zone filter lists For information on how to configure zone filter lists see the section Configuring AppleTalk Zone Filters in this chapter Refer to the following AURP specific zone parameters Parameter Zone Filter Type Default Exclude Options Exclude Include 5 X Exclude 5 X Include Function Controls zone filtering on this AURP connection Instructions If you set this parameter to Exclude then the router excludes the zones on the zone filter list from its zone information table If you set this parameter to Include then the router includes only the zones on the zone filter lists in its zone information table If you set this parameter to 5 X Include then the router includes only those specified zones in its zone information table The networks associated with these zones will always be advertised If you set t
88. rk numbers available for use by nodes on the network to which this interface connects This parameter s setting determines whether this interface functions as a seed or nonseed router To configure this interface as a nonseed router accept the default 0 To configure this interface as a seed router specify this parameter as follows If this is the only seed router on the network determine the network range for this interface and enter the lower boundary network number Ifthere are already seed routers on the network enter the same Network Start value that is configured on all other seed routers 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 13 Note If you specify a Network Start other than the default 0 the router automatically becomes a seed router and you must also specify values for the Network End and Default Zone parameters 117366 A Rev A 3 3 Configuring AppleTalk Services Parameter Network End Default 0 Options 0 to 65279 Function Specifies the upper boundary maximum of the range of network numbers available for use by nodes on the network to which this interface connects You use this parameter with the Network Start parameter to help define a seed router If you have not specified a Network Start for this interface this parameter is ignored Instructions To configure this interface as a nonseed router accept the default 0 To configure this interface as a seed router specify the Network E
89. rks San Francisco AppleTalk Networking Forum 1993 117366 A Rev A 1 21 Chapter 2 AppleTalk Implementation Notes This chapter contains implementation notes for Configuring AppleTalk interfaces on WAN media Configuring seed router interfaces Specifying interface costs Enabling both AppleTalk routing and bridging on the same interface Specifying zone information for interfaces add or remove zones edit network and zone list information configure zone filters Configuring AppleTalk interfaces in a Token Ring network Configuring AppleTalk interfaces in a non fully meshed Frame Relay topology Reducing excess routing traffic on a large AppleTalk network Adding AppleTalk routers to a transitional network Configuring AURP connections 117366 A Rev A 2 1 Configuring AppleTalk Services Configuring AppleTalk Interfaces over WAN Media The Bay Networks AppleTalk implementation includes Frame Relay Switched Multimegabit Data Services SMDS and Point to Point Protocol PPP support that conforms to the following e RFC 1294 Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay e Oppenheimer Alan SMDSTalk AppleTalk over SMDS Apple Computer August 17 1992 e RFC 1378 The PPP AppleTalk Control Protocol ATCP AppleTalk Running on Frame Relay or SMDS When you enable AppleTalk on a Frame Relay or SMDS circuit you must specify a MAC address and a broadcast address for the circuit using the WAN MAC Address an
90. s each AppleTalk data packet in IP and delivers it to the router on the other side of the tunnel The router receiving the encapsulated packet removes the IP header and forwards the packet to the appropriate destination using standard AppleTalk delivery mechanisms 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview AppleTalk routers that connect to an AURP tunnel are exterior routers Exterior routers function as AppleTalk routers within the AppleTalk internet and as end nodes within the IP internet Exterior routers assign unique domain identifiers DI to AppleTalk internets to distinguish between multiple AppleTalk internets connected to the same tunnel IP internet lt Tunnel _ gt Exterior router EC JL e z AppleTalk AppleTalk internet internet w a i a APTO009A Figure 1 9 AURP Tunneling across an IP Internet A Bay Networks AppleTalk router supports one fully connected or partially connected tunnel with multiple connections In a fully connected tunnel all exterior routers have connections to all other exterior routers in the tunnel and as a result have full access to all resources these routers provide Figure 1 10 117366 A Rev A 1 15 Configuring AppleTalk Services AppleTalk AppleTalk AppleTalk internet internet internet A sees B and C B sees A and C
91. sulation 1 5 T Technical Solutions Centers xvi Tickle request 2 33 2 36 4 25 Timeout Command parameter AURP 4 24 timing out network 4 11 4 15 Token Ring 2 27 4 9 TokenTalk 1 5 TR End Station parameter 4 9 traffic routing 2 30 tunnel connected fully 1 15 to 1 16 connected partially 1 15 to 1 16 packet forwarded across 1 17 to 1 19 U UDP See User Datagram Protocol Update Rate parameter AURP 1 19 2 32 4 24 Update based Routing Table Maintenance 1 19 User Datagram Protocol 1 17 WwW WAN Broadcast Address parameter 4 10 WAN MAC Address parameter 4 10 WAN media 2 2 windows AppleTalk Global Parameters 4 3 AppleTalk Interface Configuration 2 3 2 5 4 4 AT Zone Configuration 4 12 AURP Global Parameters 4 21 AURP Interface Configuration 4 21 Configuration Manager 4 2 Index 4 Interfaces 4 20 Zone Configuration 4 12 Zone Filter Configuration 4 16 Z ZIP See Zone Information Protocol Zone Filter Default Zone parameter 4 26 zone filter list Exclude 4 17 to 4 18 Include 4 17 to 4 18 Zone Filter Type parameter for AppleTalk 4 18 for AURP 4 27 zone filters 2 35 adding 4 15 4 19 configuring 4 15 deleting 4 15 4 19 description of 2 11 rules for 2 14 Zone Information Protocol 1 11 to 1 12 storm 2 11 zone list configuring for AppleTalk 3 5 Zone Name parameter for AppleTalk 4 13 for AURP 4 28 zones adding 2 8 default 1 4 4 14 lists for 1 4 1 11 nam
92. t an AppleTalk interface you have already configured see Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 Specifying Interface Costs You can assign a relative cost value to AppleTalk interfaces When you specify a cost the router adds it to the routes that the interface learns via RTMP data packets Since the AppleTalk router always chooses the least cost most direct path to a destination you can limit the use of an interface by assigning it a high cost Figure 2 3 demonstrates how interface cost affects the router s decision making process In Example 1 when no cost values are assigned to any of the AppleTalk interfaces Router A always reaches Network 4 4 directly through Router C because it advertises the least costly route As shown in Example 2 if an interface cost of 2 is assigned to Interface 3 1 which increases the advertised hop count by 2 Router A now reaches Network 4 4 through Router B because it advertises a lower cost route Note The AppleTalk router does not route to networks that are more than 15 network hops away Thus when you assign an interface cost make certain that the actual hop count plus the interface cost you assign does not exceed the 15 hop restriction For instructions on how to set the Cost parameter for an interface see the section Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters in Chapter 4 2 6 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Implementation Notes l
93. te Parameters sosrsinisinanrns riain ansdEi nn aN Gea 4 22 Editing the AURP Zone Filter List seleneiane ArenA PET PAR R 4 27 Appendix A AppleTalk Default Settings 117366 A Rev A vii Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 1 4 Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 Figure 1 7 Figure 1 8 Figure 1 9 Figure 1 10 Figure 1 11 Figure 1 12 Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 2 5 Figure 2 6 Figure 2 7 Figure 2 8 Figure 2 9 Figure 2 10 Figure 2 11 Figure 2 12 Figure 2 13 Figure 2 14 Figure 2 15 Figure 2 16 Figure 2 17 117366 A Rev A Figures Apple Talk Address with 24 Bite iisisssasssssssssvesntaivsssnsissascen tiaasensisnesands 1 2 Extended and Nonextended AppleTalk Network ccceeeeeeeseeeeeeeees 1 3 RARP PONS se scc coaacerciciaeht apoa a A AECA 1 7 DOP P ea 1 9 RIMP Dala PACKET orenean a eer 1 10 ZIP MES OONSE FACKEN cctiikehaccnetadshg tate a eee tintaie 1 11 AP RTT IN PAKES aisis concer ssatncantd inibaccalantr ta uiuliuen ae damincnidluninaenialite 1 12 NBP FoCKOIS 05 vp decsexenpaidenensenide Ce E re rrr etree er EE re 1 13 AURP Tunneling across an IP Internet assssesrrreessrrrnsererresrrrrnsssens 1 15 Fully Connected Tunnel asiosio 1 16 Partially Connected TUNNET siiiisosireniaiiii 1 17 AppleTalk Data Packet Forwarded across an AURP Tunnel esn 1 19 AppleTalk Nonextended Configuration over PPP E T 2 3 AppleTalk Extended Configuration over
94. ter 1 8 2 29 4 7 Network Start parameter 3 3 4 5 Node ID parameter 1 8 2 29 4 8 noise on circuit 4 9 nonseed router and Network Start parameter 2 5 4 5 configuring 3 2 definition of 1 4 P packets AURP 1 19 DDP 1 9 NBP 1 13 Routing Information 2 33 RTMP 1 10 ZIP 1 11 to 1 12 Point to Point Protocol 2 2 to 2 4 probing 1 6 117366 A Rev A protocols AppleTalk Address Resolution 1 6 AppleTalk Control 2 2 AppleTalk Echo 1 14 AppleTalk Updated based Routing 1 14 Datagram Delivery DDP 1 8 1 9 Internet 1 14 Link Access 1 5 Name Binding 1 14 Point to Point 2 2 to 2 4 Routing Table Maintenance 1 10 Switched Multimegabit Data Services 2 2 User Datagram 1 17 WAN Broadcast Address 2 2 WAN MAC Address 2 2 Zone Information 1 12 publications ordering xv R Remote AURP IP Address parameter 3 11 Routing Table Maintenance Protocol 1 10 1 19 routing tables 1 9 1 10 1 19 RTMP See Routing Table Maintenance Protocol S security 1 14 1 16 2 10 seed router and Network Start parameter 2 5 4 5 changing the zone list for 2 9 configuring 3 2 Default Zone for 4 14 definition of 1 4 in extended networks 2 4 in nonextended networks 2 2 Site Manager accessing AppleTalk parameters from 4 2 See also windows SMDS 2 2 SMDSTalk 2 2 sockets 1 9 Index 3 source routing 2 27 4 9 static configuration 1 8 Switched Multimegabit Data Services 2 2 synchronous encap
95. ter Default Enable Enable Network Start 0 Network End 0 Default Zone None Network ID 0 Node ID 0 Interface Cost 0 hops Checksum Enable Disable TR End Station Disable WAN MAC Address None 117366 A Rev A A 1 Configuring AppleTalk Services Table A 2 AppleTalk Interface Parameters continued Parameter Default WAN Broadcast Address Enable Split Horizon Enable Table A 3 AURP Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Local IP Address None Table A 4 AURP Interface Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Timeout Command 3s Command Retries 3 Update Rate 30s Last Heard from Timeout 90s Hop Count Reduction Disable Interface Cost 0 hops Zone Filter Default Zone None Table A 5 AURP Zone Filter List Parameters Parameter Default Zone Filter Type Exclude Zone Name None 117366 A Rev A A adding zone filters 4 15 4 19 zones 4 11 address broadcast 4 10 dynamic 1 1 format of 1 2 4 8 hardware 1 6 MAC 2 2 mapping 1 6 1 13 peer IP 2 31 protocol 1 6 special 1 9 structure of 1 2 AEP See AppleTalk Echo Protocol aging network 2 9 AppleTalk commands AURP supports 2 32 configuring AURP 3 8 default zone for 3 5 nonseed router for 3 2 seed router for 3 2 zone list 3 5 defaults for A 1 enabling on a circuit 3 2 parameters 4 2 to
96. to Disable if you want to disable AppleTalk globally MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 1 2 Editing AppleTalk Interface Parameters To edit an AppleTalk interface begin at the Configuration Manager window 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 117366 A Rev A 4 3 Configuring AppleTalk Services Horse te Lete Pal iy Figure 4 3 AT Interface Configuration Window 2 Click on the interface you want to edit 3 Edit those parameters you want to change using the following parameter descriptions as a guide 4 Click on Apply to implement your changes 5 Click on Done to exit the window Note When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic configuration mode AppleTalk restarts on that interface 4 4 117366 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing AppleTalk Parameters Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables AppleTalk on this interface Set to Disable only if you want AppleTalk disabled on this interface for example if you are editing the interface s zone list 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 2 Network Start 0 0 to 65279 Specifies the lower boundary minimum of the range of network numbers that are available for use by nodes on the network to which this interface connects
97. tocol RTMP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router uses the Routing Table Maintenance Protocol RTMP to create and maintain the routing information DDP uses to transmit packets across an internet Routing information is contained in the AppleTalk r outing table Each table entry includes the following Destination network range AppleTalk protocol address network number and node number through which the destination is reached Number of router hops to the destination Route status Routers create and update their routing tables by periodically constructing and broadcasting RTMP data packets to all other routers on directly connected links An RTMP data packet contains the source address and the information stored in the originating router s routing table All routers receiving the data packet use this information to update their own routing tables Figure 1 5 RTMP Data Router s Network Number Node ID Length Router s Node ID First Tuple Network Range Distance and Version Second Tuple APTOOOSA Figure 1 5 RTMP Data Packet 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview Zone Information Protocol ZIP The Bay Networks AppleTalk router uses the Zone Information Protocol ZIP to map networks to zone names on the internet The router stores this information in its zone information table also called a zone list The zone information table contains one entry for each network on the internet The entr
98. uter Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Bay Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Bay Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or retur
99. uture use 16 bits 8 bits lt gt lt gt Network Number Node Number APTOOOLA Figure 1 1 AppleTalk Address with 24 Bits For example in Figure 1 2 Networks 2 3 4 4 5 7 and 8 11 are extended networks A nonextended network supports up to 254 nodes and has the following characteristics e The entire network is assigned a single 16 bit network number e Each node within the network is dynamically assigned a 24 bit AppleTalk address that consists of the assigned network number combined with a unique 8 bit node number For example in Figure 1 2 Network 1 is a nonextended network 1 2 117366 A Rev A AppleTalk Overview F 7 Network 5 7 Network 1 Accounting 6 1 6 2 8 2 default Administrative default y Finance ame Network 2 3 Network 4 4 Marketing Marketing default default Network 8 11 a Marketing Manufacturing Engineering default Network NumberRange Network Type Default Zone Zone List 1 Nonextended Administrative Adminstrative 2 3 Extended Marketing Marketing 4 4 Extended Marketing Marketing 5 7 Extended Accounting Finance Accounting 8 11 Extended Marketing Marketing Manufacturing Engineering Figure 1 2 Extended and Nonextended
100. value can corrupt your configuration 117366 A Rev A 3 1 Configuring AppleTalk Services Enabling AppleTalk on an Interface If you enable AppleTalk routing services on an interface the AppleTalk Interface Configuration window appears Figure 3 1 Lore De Liebe Pal iy Figure 3 1 AppleTalk Interface Configuration Window Specify whether this interface functions as a seed or nonseed router A seed router supplies the Network Start Network End Default Zone and Zone List information for all other nonseed routers on this network Each network must contain at least one seed router To configure a seed router interface specify the Network Start Network End and Default Zone and Zone List if multiple zones are to be configured on this interface Then click on Apply followed by Done See the parameter descriptions that follow A nonseed router acquires its Network Start Network End Default Zone and Zone List information from the other seed routers on the network To configure a nonseed router interface simply accept all of the default parameters and click on Done 3 2 117366 A Rev A Enabling AppleTalk Services For information on editing all of the parameters in the AppleTalk Interface Configuration window refer to Chapter 4 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Network Start 0 0 to 65279 Specifies the lower boundary minimum of the range of netwo
101. want to limit the use of an interface assign a high cost If you do not want to limit the use of an interface assign a low cost 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 79 4 8 117366 A Rev A Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing AppleTalk Parameters Checksum Enable Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the calculation of the DDP checksum for packets that the AppleTalk router originates on this interface With checksumming enabled the AppleTalk router calculates and includes a 16 bit checksum in the headers of DDP datagrams that it originates With checksumming disabled the router inserts a value of 0 into DDP datagrams that it originates This parameter has no effect on incoming packets If the router receives a packet containing a checksum it verifies the checksum value We recommend accepting the default value Disable If this circuit contains excess noise you can enable checksumming to ensure packet integrity 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 6 TR End Station Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether this interface is enabled for source routing endstation support Set to Enable if 1 this interface is a Token Ring circuit and 2 if source routing is enabled on the AppleTalk routers in this ring 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 7 117366 A Rev A 4 9 Configuring AppleTalk Services P
102. y Networks Inc All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such p
103. y is in the format lt network_start zone list gt The zone list field consists of a number of text strings that identify the zone names that are specified for that network The router maintains and updates the zone list by broadcasting ZIP Query packets for zone list information to all other routers in the network Other routers respond with ZIP response packets that have the zone lists Figure 1 6 ZIP Query ZIP Reply ee Function mann Network Count Network Count Network 1 Z Network 1 Length of Zone Name 1 Network 2 Network 2 Length of Zone Name 2 APT0006A Figure 1 6 ZIP Response Packets 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services When an AppleTalk node starts on the network it requests zone and network information from all routers on the circuit by broadcasting ZIP GetNetInfo request packets Figure 1 7 Upon receiving a GetNetInfo request the router replies with a GetNetInfo response packet that confirms or denies the validity of the zone name and supplies the correct network range If the stored zone name is invalid the node uses the default zone name that is configured for the network instead ZIP GetNetInfo Request Zone Name Length Zone Name Only one zone oneUse broadcast Zone invalid Figure 1 7 ZIP GetNetlnfo Reply Command 6 Network Number Range Start Network Number Range End Zone Name Length Multicast Address Length Multicast Address Default Zo
104. y topology If this interface does connect to a non fully meshed Frame Relay topology reset to Disable so that the network does not split at the partial mesh See the section Configuring the AppleTalk Router in a Non Fully Meshed Frame Relay Topology in Chapter 2 for more information 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 4 3 1 81 AppleTalk Zone Lists can add or delete zones from an AppleTalk interface zone list When you edit an AppleTalk configuration in dynamic mode you must wait at least 10 minutes between editing a zone list and reenabling the interface This waiting period allows other routers on the network to update their zone info rmation tables See the following instructions Note Because editing an AppleTalk zone list can affect your network s performance refer to the section Adding or Removing AppleTalk Zones in Chapter 2 before proceeding Adding Zones to a Zone List To add a zone to the AppleTalk router s zone list begin at the Configuration Manager window Figure 4 1 1 Select Protocols gt AppleTalk gt Interfaces The AT Interface Configuration window appears Figure 4 3 Set the Enable parameter to Disable Click on Apply This disables the AppleTalk interface so that you can edit its zone list 117366 A Rev A Configuring AppleTalk Services 4 Click on Zone List The AT Zone Configuration window appears Figure 4 4 It lists the zones already configured for the router

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