Home

Adaptec SAS/SATA/SCSI RAID Controllers User's Manual

1. SAS Device SAS Device link Narrow Receiver e aaa _ Transmitter Narrow Port Phy Transmitter a Receiver Phy Port SAS Device Transmitter Ph aE ee Y wide Wide Phy Transmitter ee Transmitter Phy Port Receiver Port Ph reeni y Transmitter SAS Device Receiver Transmitter Phy Transmitter gt Receiver Phy Receiver Transmitter Wide Phy Transmitter Receiver Phy Wide Port Ph Receiver t Transmitter h Port y Transmitter Receiver y Receiver Transmitter Phy Transmitter Receiver Phy What s a Phy Phys are part of the physical communication connection between SAS devices Each phy contains a transceiver that sends data back and forth between SAS devices When a connection is formed between two end devices a link is established from a phy in one port to a phy in the other port As shown in the figure above a wide port can support multiple independent links simultaneously Phys are internal within SAS connectors see page 65 SAS cables physically connect one or more phys on one SAS device to one or more phys on another SAS device Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 65 What s a SAS Port Note Because the physical link between SAS devices is from phy to phy rather than port to port a
2. Managing Your Storage Space In this chapter About AA pee STORIES MANAREL sirna renee eee 56 About the Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration Utility cccc cscsiscsursecseseerssannsennenennie 56 About the Adaptec RAID Configuration Vii s sescesiscesccssscssscsietarossiesactetsasionainetsouasesenes 57 About the Adapte Hashi Ui iota 57 Wach Vilite Shod TUe iranien E E E oF Once you have installed your Adaptec RAID controller disk drives or other devices and device driver you can begin to build and manage your storage space This chapter introduces Adaptec Storage Manager and describes the other utilities included with your Adaptec RAID controller Chapter 9 Managing Your Storage Space e 56 About Adaptec Storage Manager Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use theARC utility See page 57 for more information Adaptec Storage Manager is a full featured software application that helps you build a storage space for your online data using Adaptec RAID controllers and disk drives With Adaptec Storage Manager you can group disk drives into logical drives and build in redundancy to protect your data and improve system performance From a single workstation you can use Adaptec Storage Manager to monitor and manage all the controllers and disk drives in your storage space including DAS and NAS When Adaptec Storage Manager is installed on a computer the
3. PCle connector Activity LED Phy aS 654 3 iy a n Bus compatibility 1 0 processor clock frequency Standard cache Maximum number of disk drives External Connector Internal Connector Battery backup module Audible alarm PCle x8 500 MHz 128 MB DDR2 8 or up to 100 with expanders mini SAS 4x multilane SFF 8470 2x SAS 4x multilane SFF 8484 Adaptec Battery Module 600 sold separately see page 17 Yes 1 256 MB also available Note Although this controller has an onboard speaker you can connect it to an internal speaker with these specifications 3 0 V 90 0 mA The internal speaker is not required as the onboard speaker volume is appropriate for most environments Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 21 About the Adaptec 2420SA The Adaptec 2420SA is a SATA II RAID controller with these features Activity LED connector ax SATA ports 3 A Mode O Flash connector ere cS LED connector ail Battery connector I2C connector eee mill il ig a PCI X jumper g PCI X connector o __ Mounting bracket Activity LED Phy 3 3V LED IRQ LED SUM Activity LED IT Charge LED Cam i for battery backup module Wt Cy ST iV pa eoe A Diag LEDs o Back side of Controller i Bus compatibility PCI X 3 3 V Bus width 64 bit Bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 256 MB Maximum number of disk drives 4
4. SATA specific Controller Settings In addition to the general settings listed on page 82 your Adaptec SATA controller has a SATA specific setting that can be modified if required Option Description Write Cache When enabled the controller s write cache is enabled Default is Yes enabled Caution When enabled there is a potential for data loss or corruption during a power failure Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 84 SCSI specific Controller Settings In addition to the general settings listed on page 82 your Adaptec SCSI controller has SCSI specific settings that can be modified if required To modify SCSI specific settings select SCSI Configuration from the SCSISelect main menu SCSI Device Settings You can use SCSISelect to modify some of the settings on the SCSI devices connected to your SCSI controller To modify SCSI device settings select SCSI Configuration from the SCSISelect main menu then select Additional Options Devices are listed by SCSI ID To find the SCSI ID for a specific device see Formatting and Verifying Disk Drives on page 85 For the best device performance don t change the default settings Note Default settings are shown in bold type Option Description Maximum Shows the maximum data transfer rate that the SCSI channel supports Transfer Rate Enable When enabled the SCSI device can disconnect from the SCSI channel Default is Disconnecti
5. 4 Create additional bootable MS DOS floppy disks and copy each additional firmware image to its own floppy disk 5 Power off your computer disconnect the power cord then open the cabinet following the manufacturer s instructions 6 Disconnect all cables from the controller then attach a shorting jumper to the Mode 0 flash connector To locate the Mode 0 flash connector on your Adaptec RAID controller see the figures in About Your RAID Controller on page 15 7 Reconnect the power cord power on your computer then boot to the floppy disk containing the AFU exe file see Step 3 8 Atthe prompt type a afu update c x where x is the controller number 9 Insert the other floppy disks when prompted 10 When the flash is complete power off your computer disconnect the power cord then remove the jumper 11 Close the computer cabinet reconnect the power cord then power on your computer The controller should boot correctly Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI In this appendix Terminology Used m Tms CA tet ss ccsccsaseasszacrvcanptasscnsaassacsvcosnearaintbnesssucinariannensinineneniassineses 63 MOLE 45 TAPS iesi E 63 Tow Do GAs Devices Comimiinicale e E nena 64 Fa a Pas niet ks tues andes E E EE 64 Bad sehen cee SiC gene enone er TE re er eens A rete rere S 65 Whats a DANAE cs hsv eat atoatictuet abe a a eaeubauegledints 65 WAL S GAS UTC ai a E E 65 Wihatde SAS Cables Look Like so sicsassscchsccielansctsd
6. Selecting the Best RAID Level Use this table to select the RAID levels that are most appropriate for the logical drives on your storage space based on the number of available disk drives and your requirements for performance and reliability Disk Drive Read Write Built in Hot Minimum RAID Level Redundancy Usage Performance Performance Spare Disk Drives RAID O No 100 No 2 RAID 1 Yes 50 oo oe No 2 RAID 1E Yes 50 oe oe No 3 RAID 10 Yes 50 oe oe No 4 RAID 5 Yes 67 94 No 3 RAID 5EE Yes 50 88 Yes 4 RAID 50t Yes 67 94 No 6 RAID 6 Yes 50 88 oe No 4 RAID 602 Yes 50 88 oe No 8 1 Because they support four disk drives only the Adaptec 2420SA RAID controller can t support RAID 50 or RAID 60 arrays Disk drive usage read performance and write performance depend on the number of drives in the logical drive In general the more drives the better the performance Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility In this appendix Testes totke ARG Ay arriere teirinn anna ean a EEEE E EEE EE 79 Boise te AR TAI eee aaeuandnes 79 Deme the ACU to Create and Manage Ariays acscsssscissssessseniseeacetecseanteeiaereienieniaaneys 79 Using the Select Utility to Modify Controller Settings 3 csiesacatactacnctsiacntenstermateiiventacatens 81 Formatting and veriyine Disk Lys sisiran ea 85 viewing the Event Lios R 85 The Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility is a BIOS based utility that
7. Set the boot controller see page 38 Create a bootable array see page 38 Install your operating system and the controller driver see page 42 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage see page 55 Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information Installing on an Existing Operating System 1 Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives see page 31 If your controller has an external connector you can connect external disk drives as well or instead Install the controller driver see page 49 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage see page 55 Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information Installing the Controller and Disk Drives In this chapter Petore Tou Bee Mieri E E E Dstt he Controle cesen arsariaecdaiaieramincietuacneedars Connecting Disk Drives to SAS RAID Comite tiscscsssssssscsssssesssivsscsssarseussceasenssrsanearboraeioes Connecting Disk Drives to SATA RAID Controllers sisinio Connecting Disk Drives to SCSI RAID Controletssnensnonansnensunnineninanana Connecting External DV enanar anaa RRR Monitoring Disk Drives with Adaptec Storage Manager s ssessessesssrereresessereresrsrererereseseene This cha
8. Understanding Drive Segments A drive segment is a disk drive or portion of a disk drive that is used to create an array A disk drive can include both RAID segments segments that are part of an array and available segments Each segment can be part of only one logical device at a time If a disk drive is not part of any logical device the entire disk is an available segment Nonredundant Arrays RAID 0 An array with RAID 0 includes two or more disk drives and provides data striping where data is distributed evenly across the disk drives in equal sized sections However RAID 0 arrays do not maintain redundant data so they offer no data protection Compared to an equal sized group of independent disks a RAID 0 array provides improved I O performance Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For instance an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create a RAID 0 drive segment of 250 GB for a total of 1000 GB for the volume as shown in this figure Drive Segment Size Disk D 1 ee Zs Smallest Disk Drive Disk Drive 2 Es Cc gt Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 0 Logical Drive 1000 GB Appendix B Understanding RAID e 71 RAID 1 Arrays A RAID 1 array is built from two disk drives where
9. s setting Caution When write cache is enabled there is a slight possibility of data loss or corruption during a power failure Runtime BIOS When enabled the controller BIOS allows the controller to act as a bootable device Disabling the BIOS allows another controller to act as a bootable device Automatic Failover When enabled the controller automatically rebuilds an array when a failed disk drive is replaced When disabled the array must be rebuilt manually Array Background When enabled the controller constantly verifies a redundant array Note Consistency Check that there may be a significant performance reduction Default is disabled BBS Support When enabled in systems that support BBS the RAID controller is presented as a bootable device in the BIOS Array based BBS When enabled in systems that support BBS the controller presents Support attached bootable devices up to the BIOS for boot device selection This is relevant for logical arrays Default is disabled Physical Drives Display When enabled connected disk drives are displayed during system Power During POST On Self Test POST Displaying the disk drives adds a few seconds to the overall POST time Default is disabled CD ROM Boot Support When enabled the system can be booted from a bootable CD This setting is not available on all RAID controller models Note CD s are not supported by current software Removable Media When enabled removable media dev
10. 3 3 VDC 2 4 A 5 0 VDC Adaptec 4805SAS 1 5 A 3 3 VDC 1 3 A 12 0 VDC Adaptec 2420SA 0 36 A 3 3 VDC 2 4 A 5 VDC Adaptec 2820SA 0 37 A 3 3 VDC 2 4 A 5 0 VDC Adaptec 2130SLP 2 5 A 3 3 VDC 2 A 5 0 VDC Adaptec 2230SLP 2 5 A 3 3 VDC 2 A 5 0 VDC Index A ACU arrays 38 creating arrays 38 79 creating bootable arrays 80 initializing disk drives 80 managing arrays 80 rescanning disk drives 80 secure erasing disk drives 81 stopping a secure erase 81 ACU for DOS 86 to 96 array definition block keywords 90 creating a floppy disk 87 menus 87 playback mode 88 record mode 89 sample scripts 95 script file syntax 89 scripts 88 switches 88 Adaptec customer support 3 Adaptec Flash Utility See AFU Adaptec RAID Configuration utility 57 78 to 85 Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration utility See ARCCONF Adaptec Storage Manager 56 creating arrays 40 installing 56 adapters See controllers advanced data protection 16 AFU 57 97 to 103 Alarm Control setting 82 ARCCONE 56 Array Background Consistency Check setting 82 Array Configuration Utility See ACU array definition block End keyword 91 HotspareDrives keyword 91 array migration 16 Array based BBS Support setting 82 arrays creating ACU 38 79 creating Adaptec Storage Manager 40 creating bootable arrays 80 making an array bootable 41 managing with ACU 80 non redundant 70 RAID 171 RAID 10 72 RAID 1E 71 RAID 5 73 RAID 50 75 RAID 5EE 74 RAID 6
11. Internal Connector 4x SATA connector Battery backup module Adaptec Battery Module 500 sold separately see page 17 Audible alarm Yes Note A low profile bracket is included with this controller However this controller may not fit in all low profile systems Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 22 About the Adaptec 2820SA The Adaptec 2820SA is a SATA II RAID controller with these features ATA SATA ports _ Activity LED connector Mode O Flash connector Battery connector LED connectors ml mr To ou pu mi p ee PCI X connector 12C connector Mounting bracket Activity LED 3 3V LED 2 Pny IRQ LED _ SUM Activity LED Charge LED TEL i for battery backup module Hy AIT aT pe E Diag LEDs om Back side of Controller J Bus compatibility PCI X 3 3 V Bus width 64 bit Bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 256 MB Maximum number of disk drives 8 Internal Connector 8x SATA connector Battery backup module Adaptec Battery Module 500 sold separately see page 17 Audible alarm Yes Note A low profile bracket is included with this controller However this controller may not fit in all low profile systems Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 23 About the Adaptec 2130SLP The Adaptec 2130SLP is a low profile SCSI controller with these features Mode O Flash connector s Mounting bracket
12. 5 Create a maximum size RAID 5 labeled MyData Array MyData Type RAID5 Size Maximum Use the maximum stripe size StripeSize 256 Clear the array don t build verify it Method Clear Don t wait for clear to complete Wait No Use drives 0 1 2 Drives 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 End Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 96 Sample Script for SATA Controllers This is asample ACU file that will initialize all disk drives connected to the SATA controller and create a RAID 5 array with the disk drives on ports 0 1 and 2 Controller 0 5 7 0 Controller Name Adaptec Adaptec 2820SA Subsystem ID 0x2A1 Firmware Version V5 1 0 6792 Total Ports 8 Port 0 0 0 0 Maxtor 279 479GB 279 395GB Port 1 0 1 0 Maxtor 279 479GB 279 395GB Port 2 0 2 0 Maxtor 279 479GB 279 395GB Array MyData2 Type RAID5 Size Maximum InitializeAll Yes Method Build Verify Wait No Drives 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 End Using the Adaptec Flash Utility In this appendix Sy Sheil ROUEN i EEE E 98 Terors 100 20212 a et ee mE ce ee We een ee ree ee ee 98 Runmng thie Menu iased AFU iceman amen 99 Ranging the APU trom ihe Command Lime ccinccncnunnunanauudneiwnnmenae 100 Updating the Flash Using the APU Command Line ci cccceacccscdesseecsenrsasecunesanesoavecatneaacassens 103 This chapter describes how to use the Adaptec Flash Utility AFU a text based DOS utility that you can use to update save or ver
13. 5 00 P M Pacific Time e For RAID and Fibre Channel products call 1 321 207 2000 Monday to Friday 5 00 A M to 5 00 P M Pacific Time For support via e mail submit your question at ask adaptec com You can order Adaptec products including accessories and cables by calling 1 408 957 7274 Or you can order cables online at www adaptec com buy cables Europe e Visit our Web site at www adaptec europe com e German Call 49 89 43 66 55 22 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 CET For support via e mail submit your question at ask de adaptec com e French Call 49 89 43 66 55 33 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 CET For support via e mail submit your question at ask fr adaptec com e English Call 49 89 43 66 55 44 Monday to Friday 9 00 to 17 00 GMT For support via e mail submit your question at ask adaptec com e You can order Adaptec cables online at www adaptec com buy cables Japan e Visit our Web site at www adaptec co jp e Call 81 3 3831 5190 Limited 3 Year Hardware Warranty 1 Adaptec Inc Adaptec warrants to the purchaser of this product that it will be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three 3 years from the date of purchase If the product should become defective within the warranty period Adaptec at its option will repair or replace the product or refund the purchaser s purchase price for the product provided it is delivered at the purchaser s ex
14. 76 RAID 60 76 arrays bootable 37 audible alarm 59 automatic failover 16 Automatic Failover setting 82 backplane connections 34 66 battery backup module 17 BBS Support setting 82 BBU 17 boards See controllers boot controller 38 bootable arrays 41 creating 37 80 Index e 108 c cables 28 cards See controllers CD ROM Boot Support setting 82 command line interface flash utility 100 command line utility 56 contents of controller kit 14 Controller SCSI Channel ID setting 84 Controller SCSI Channel Termination setting 84 controllers Alarm Control setting 82 Array Background Consistency Check setting 82 Array based BBS Support setting 82 array level features 16 Automatic Failover setting 82 BBS Support setting 82 cables 28 CD ROM Boot Support setting 82 connecting external devices 35 data protection 16 descriptions 15 to 24 disk drives 27 Drive s Write Cache setting 82 enhanced features 17 event log 85 figures 15 to 24 firmware 98 flashing 61 installation options 30 installing 32 keyed features 17 modifying general settings 82 modifying settings with Select utilities 81 Physical Drives Display During POST setting 82 RAID levels 26 Removable Media Devices Boot Support setting 82 resetting 61 Runtime BIOS setting 82 setting boot controller 38 specifications 105 standard features troubleshooting 59 updating firmware 98 upgrading firmware 17 copyback 16 CRC Checking setting 83 customer support 3 D dir
15. Available compatible PCI PCI X PCle slot depending on your controller model see the descriptions starting on page 15 20 MB of free disk drive space 16 bit SVGA color monitor with a resolution of at least 800 x 600 CD drive About Your RAID Controller In this chapter ech TG eRe SOL oS EE eae eMEERGE PIE Tne Adapter AoE A eie About the Adapt 242054 oaan E About the Adaptec 2020A su caress Goer a RRR R About the Adapiee 2130S LP eanna EE areuaareeteietne anaes Abon ieee 2 OLY ist A eae This chapter provides an overview of standard Adaptec RAID controller features and describes the unique features of your controller It also explains how to upgrade your controller with enhanced features Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 16 Standard RAID Controller Features Flash ROM for updates to controller firmware BIOS and the Adaptec RAID Configuration utility Disk drive hot swapping Event logging and broadcasting including email and SNMP messages Multiple options for creating and managing RAID arrays A full software application Adaptec Storage Manager a BIOS based utility a command line utility and a DOS utility See Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 for more information SAS and SATA RAID controllers only Native command queuing NCQ which lets disk drives arrange commands into the most efficient order for optimum performance SATA and SCSI RAID controllers only Support for disk drive enclosures
16. Codes When the ACU detects an error it reports the error and exits immediately If a log file is specified the ACU writes the error code to the log file Otherwise it displays the error code on the screen The possible error messages returned by the ACU are listed in this table Code Description O ACU ran without changes ACU exited with no errors Success and no report is required 1 No controller found 2 Syntax or logical error in the script file The ACU encountered an invalid command or keyword in the specified script file 3 Unable to open file 4 _ Error in the command line parameters You passed an invalid command line switch to the ACU See Running the ACU Using Scripts on page 88 for a list of valid command line switches 5 Unable to read system configuration The ACU was unable to get the configuration information from the specified controller No drives detected 7 Specified drive not found in system Specified array size too small You specified an array size that is smaller than the minimum size allowed for this array 9 Specified array size too big You specified an array size that is larger than the maximum size allowed for this array 10 Number of drives do not match the array type The number of drives you selected is invalid for the type of array specified 11 Unable to initialize drive 12 Error occurred while creating array 13 Too many spare drives assigned You attempted to assign more
17. F3 At the A prompt press Enter The driver installs At the Additional Driver Option menu select Return to driver summary then press Enter At the Driver type menu select Load on Additional Driver Options After the driver loads select Continue Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing on OpenServer To install the driver on OpenServer 1 2 s Oo O A W Start your computer then insert the driver disk Begin the driver package installer pkgadd d diskettel At the installer prompt type go Select 1 for the aacraid package When the installation is complete select q to quit the installer Reboot your computer and remove the driver disk Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing on Solaris To install the driver on Solaris 1 2 Start your computer Insert and mount the driver disk volcheck Change to the driver installer directory cd floppy floppy0 DU sol_210 i86pc Tools Start the driver installer install sh i Reboot your computer then remove the driver disk Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System e 53 Installing on UnixWare To install the driver on UnixWare 1 2 nN O OA RA W Start your computer then insert the driver disk Begin the driver package installer pkgadd d diskettel At the installer prompt type go Select 1 for the aacra
18. TSID Number See Technical Support Identification Number U UnixWare driver installation 53 OS installation 47 updating firmware 98 upgrading firmware 17 utilities Adaptec RAID Controller utility 57 AFU 57 ARCCONF 56 V verifying disk drives 85 VMWare driver installation 53 OS installation 47 W Windows driver installation 51 OS installation 44 Write Cache setting 83 adaptec Adaptec Inc 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas CA 95035 USA 2006 Adaptec Inc All rights reserved Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec Inc which may be registered in some jurisdictions Part Number CDP 00185 01 A Rev A JB 10 06
19. adapter between devices User intervention required to set SCSI IDs SAS addresses self configured by SAS devices Requires bus termination Requires no bus termination Standard SCSI connectors SAS connectors see page 28 Understanding RAID In this appendix Ee aa Drive SRS anrr N AEE NT 70 Nonredundant Arrays RATO jusieus eR 70 RAID 1 AQvays ascssacisnecaieiaieeceuaeenindi ane EE 71 RAID I Bahaaeed Atti tsGcnenenuuaeneewinaied mame 71 RAID THY oa N 72 RAID SATIA scccepeticnitrslnn daca taiarnd aon ianeen emit 73 KAID OREA sae cae cau on tie aeaucegu tq ucustuas ayubtan beau edeuensamtu cas piaeciubonteupcuceuaucaniits 74 RAID SO AITAVS sssctessckcsccsscaestsaced shessdetaacceetchreadeanicasdacdierdesant canes AERE A ENIAN EEE RA 75 RAID Ge PAS access atsccsocorsactdapeaseaceices keds couarsaaveienae dessa nace poeseta micas setbanseiomaaisuenaengeeeidarsuatedaees 76 RAID GOUNE oa A R 76 Sclechng the Best RAID Level uririsniiiroieriiinrtrro nterin Nan nrinn a E EENE i When you create arrays or logical drives you can assign a RAID level to protect your data Each RAID level offers a unique combination of performance and redundancy RAID levels also vary by the number of disk drives they support This appendix describes the RAID levels supported by your Adaptec RAID controller and provides a basic overview of each to help you select the best level of protection for your data storage Appendix B Understanding RAID e 70
20. and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation However if this equipment does cause interference to radio or television equipment reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between equipment and receiver Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio television technician for help Use a shielded and properly grounded I O cable and power cable to ensure compliance of this unit to the specified limits of the rules This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Adaptec Inc Use only with the listed ITE ASR 4000SAS ASR 4800SAS ASR 4805SAS AAR 2420SA AAR 2820SA ASR 2130SLP ASR 2230SLP Tested to Comply With FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE This Information Technology Equipment has been tested and fou
21. array s WriteCache keyword to Yes might result in data loss or corruption during a power failure For example WriteCache Yes Channel Definition Block Keywords SCSI only The channel definition block is optional If used it always begins with the keyword Channel and ends with the keyword End The channel definition block keywords are listed in this table Keyword Description Channel Used to identify the channel ControllerlD Changes the SCSI ID of the controller End Indicates the end of a channel definition block Channel Keyword Channel is an optional keyword that begins a channel definition block and specifies the channel number to which the channel keywords apply Channels are numbered from zero to the maximum number of channels on the controller minus one You can include multiple channel definition blocks within a script file each beginning with a channel keyword and value For example Channel 0 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 94 ControllerID Keyword ControllerID is an optional keyword to change the SCSI ID of the controller Normally the SCSI controller is assigned SCSI ID 7 on each of its channels You can specify any ID value between 0 and 7 Caution Do not change the SCSI ID of the controller unless directed to do so by Adaptec Technical Support For example ControllerID 7 End Keyword End is a required keyword indicating the end of the block ACU Error
22. as a pool spare Once a pool spare is used by a failed disk drive however it is no longer available to protect the other arrays its assigned to This keyword does not verify that the available space on the specified hot spares is sufficient to serve as failover for the array When assigning hot spares to a multilevel array Hotspare Drives assigns all the hot spares in the list to all arrays within the multilevel array InitializeAll Keyword If you want the ACU to initialize all drives connected to the controller and delete any existing arrays before any new arrays are created even those that are not specified in any Drives keyword definition specify InitializeAll Yes Otherwise the ACU initializes only those drives specified by the Drives keyword A Caution Initializing a disk drive automatically deletes any existing arrays with that disk drive as their member Possible values e Yes Initialize all drives e No default Do not initialize all drives only those drives specified with the Drives keyword are initialized For example Type Volume Type RAID1 InitializeAll is a global keyword that you need to specify only once InitializeAll is always performed prior to array creation regardless of its position in the script If both InitializeAll Yes and InitializeAll No are specified in the same script file InitializeAll Yes is always the overriding value If an array is deleted during a Build Verify process the proc
23. contains an expander is a backplane connection that supports up to 12 SAS or SATA disk drives Some backplanes support daisy chain expansion to other backplanes For example you can daisy chain connect one to the next up to nine Adaptec S50 enclosures to a single SAS card in a host system Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 67 SAS Expander Connections A SAS expander device literally expands the number of end devices that you can connect together Expander devices typically embedded into a system backplane see page 66 support large configurations of SAS end devices including SAS cards and SAS and SATA disk drives With expander devices you can build large and complex storage topologies There are two types of SAS expanders fanout expanders and edge expanders Each performs a different role in a storage system For more information about how SAS expanders work refer to the STA Web site at www scsita org You can connect up to 128 SAS ports to an edge expander A single edge expander can therefore support up to 128 SAS addresses You can connect up to 128 edge expanders to a fanout expander You can use only one fanout expander in any single SAS domain a topology of SAS and possibly SATA end devices and expander devices A single SAS domain can therefore comprise up to 16 384 SAS ports and therefore up to 16 384 SAS addresses The next figure illustrates in very basic terms a SAS domain and sh
24. drives only You need one SATA port for each disk drive you are connecting to your SATA controller Disk Drives for SCSI Controllers Your SCSI controller supports Ultra320 SCSI disk drives It also supports Ultra2 or higher SCSI disk drives and peripherals but at performance levels less than Ultra320 Adaptec does not recommend using SCSI disk drives or peripherals older than Ultra2 Note High voltage Differential HVD disk drives are not supported and will damage your controller If you are mixing single ended SE disk drives with Low voltage Differential LVD disk drives e Ensure proper termination by using a cable like the one included in the kit with a built in multimode terminator and proper adapters e Disable termination on all the SE disk drives e Put LVD and SE disk drives on separate channels for the best performance Note If you mix SE and Ultra320 disk drives on the same channel the performance of the Ultra320 disk drives is reduced to SE levels Chapter 4 Getting Started e 28 Selecting Cables This section describes the cable options and requirements for your Adaptec controller e For SAS cables see this page e SATA cables see page 29 e SCSI cables see page 29 SAS Cables You need one SAS cable for each disk drive you are connecting to your Adaptec SAS RAID controller Depending on your requirements you can use any of these cables External cable SFF 8470 to SFF 8470 Connects to an e
25. e To update a single RAID controller AFU UPDATE C lt cont_number gt Where lt cont_number gt is the number of the RAID controller whose firmware you are updating For example to upgrade Controller 0 type AFU UPDATE C 0 e To update multiple RAID controllers AFU UPDATE C lt cont_number_a gt lt cont_number_b gt Where lt controller_number_a gt and lt controller_number_b gt are the numbers of the Adaptec RAID controllers whose firmware you are updating For example to upgrade controllers 0 2 and 3 type AFU UPDATE C 0 2 3 e To update all RAID controllers simultaneously AFU UPDATE C all Note The UFI file identifies the RAID controllers so you don t have to worry about flashing the wrong controller When prompted insert the first firmware disk into your floppy disk drive The AFU reads the first disk When prompted remove the first firmware disk and insert the second firmware disk into your floppy disk drive 8 Repeat Step 7 as required until the flash update is complete Safety Information To ensure your personal safety and the safety of your equipment e Keep your work area and the computer clean and clear of debris e Before opening the system cabinet unplug the power cord Electrostatic Discharge ESD A Caution ESD can damage electronic components when they are improperly handled and can result in total or intermittent failures Always follow ESD prevention procedures when
26. er IE rarest eH 106 Carnea PCR mE TIE a aaa LON Index About This Guide In this chapter What You Need to Know Before You Begin nisscccscsscssicessssssisaatsinsaresnnnicnenemesicancces Terminology Used in this Guide ssiru Howto Find More Iniormalioionarnanoee en nc nema This Installation and User s Guide explains how to install your Adaptec RAID controller It also describes the utilities included in your controller kit and provides a basic overview of Serial Attached SCSI SAS and Redundant Array of Independent Disk RAID technology These RAID controller models are described in this Guide Adaptec 4000 Adaptec 2420SA Adaptec 2130SLP Adaptec 4800SAS Adaptec 2820SA Adaptec 2230SLP Adaptec 4805SAS Chapter 1 About This Guide e 12 What You Need to Know Before You Begin You should be familiar with computer hardware data storage RAID technology and the input output I O technology Small Computer System Interface SCSI SAS or Serial ATA SATA used by your controller For an introduction to SAS see page 62 You should also be familiar with Direct Attached Storage DAS or Network Attached Storage NAS whichever is appropriate for your storage space and Storage Area Network SAN concepts and technology Note Because this Guide covers multiple Adaptec RAID products some of the features and functions described may not be available for your controller For more information see About You
27. ereat r 45 EE aig rat CUE E A AA A A E ST 46 Matallana WiN Sl Be E Gla cvatiiesial Maemarcaanss 46 Uris lise wilh Un WaR eser E 47 Testo nie Wes NN ES rE EE 47 mealhas wiii Tree POl Eoen S 47 This chapter explains how to install your Adaptec RAID controller driver and an operating system onto a bootable array see page 37 To install the driver on an existing operating system see page 49 Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 43 Before You Begin Install and connect your Adaptec RAID controller and internal disk drives see page 31 Create a bootable array see page 37 Create a driver disk see the following section Creating a Driver Disk Note You will need a floppy disk to complete this task To create a driver disk 1 Set your system BIOS so that your computer boots from the CD drive For instructions refer to your computer s documentation Turn on your computer then insert the RAID Installation CD included in your RAID controller kit Follow the on screen instructions to get to the Adaptec Start Menu Click Create Driver Disk s for Installing Updating your OS then select your operating system e Windows e Linux e NetWare e OpenServer e Solaris e UnixWare Note Linux only If prompted select your operating system and then the version When prompted insert a floppy disk then click OK The system creates the driver disk Remove and label the driver disk Conti
28. formatted at the factory and do not need to be low level formatted again A Caution Before you format a disk drive back up all data Formatting destroys all data on a disk drive To format or verify a disk drive 1 Start the ARC utility see page 79 2 Select the controller you want then press Enter 3 Select Disk Utilities 4 Select the disk drive you want then press Enter 5 Select Format Disk or Verify Disk Media Viewing the Event Log The BIOS based event log records all firmware events such as configuration changes array creation and boot activity Some events are not stored indefinitely the event log is cleared of any non persistent events each time you restart your computer additionally once the log is full new events overwrite old events To view the event log 1 Start the ARC utility see page 79 2 Select the controller you want then press Enter 3 When the ARC utility menu appears then press Ctrl P 4 Select Controller Log Information then press Enter The current event log opens Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS In this appendix Ree SURG a anne ee aoe 87 Workin mibe ACU i NEEDUS iiia sues aweaieee 87 Runne thie ACUTU Sr oan 88 This chapter describes the Array Configuration Utility ACU for DOS a text based utility that you can use to create configure and manage arrays A BIOS based ACU is also available See page 79 Note Adaptec recommends that only advance
29. in the online Help or the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD Adding a Battery Backup Module This table shows the battery model supported by your Adaptec RAID controller RAID Controller Battery Model Adaptec 4800SAS Adaptec 4805SAS Adaptec Battery Module 600 Adaptec 2420SA Adaptec 2820SA Adaptec Battery Module 500 Adaptec 2130SLP Adaptec 2230SLP Adaptec Battery Module 400 To purchase a battery backup module refer to the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com Upgrading the Controller Firmware To upgrade the firmware on your Adaptec RAID controller follow the instructions in Using the Adaptec Flash Utility on page 97 Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 18 About the Adaptec 4000 The Adaptec 4000 is a low profile SAS Zero Channel RAID controller with these features Mode O Flash connector LED connector B X connector N Mounting bracket Bus compatibility PCI X 3 3V Maximum bus width 64 bit Maximum bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 128 MB Maximum number of disk drives 8 Audible alarm No Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 19 About the Adaptec 4800SAS The Adaptec 4800SAS is a SAS RAID controller with these features Two 4 wide internal SAS connectors Mounting bracket 1 external SAS gt connector _ O SJ Back side
30. is required with a numeric size value If no unit keyword is specified the ACU exits with an error For example Size 2 5GB Size 300MB Size Maximum StripeSize Keyword The StripeSize keyword specifies the stripe size in MB written to each member of a striped array RAID 0 5 or 10 The possible values for StripeSize are 16 32 64 128 256 512 and 1024 KB Default is 256 For example StripeSize 256 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 93 Type Keyword Type is a required keyword indicating the array type There is no default value The possible values Volume RAIDO RAID1 RAID5 RAID10 or RAID50 Depending on the RAID levels supported by your RAID controller additional possible values are RAIDIE RAID5EE RAID6 RAID60 Wait Keyword Wait is an optional keyword that you can use to tell the ACU to allow the ACU to continue while the Build Verify or Clear completes in the background specify Wait No Otherwise the ACU waits by default If the host is powered off before the Build Verify or Clear process completes and is then restarted the process resumes without any user intervention For example Wait Yes Wait No WriteCache Keyword The WriteCache keyword indicates whether write caching is used for this array if write caching is supported for the system Possible values are as follows e Yes default Enable the write cache e No Disable the write cache Setting an
31. one disk drive is a mirror of the other the same data is stored on each disk drive Compared to independent disk drives RAID 1 arrays provide improved performance with twice the read rate and an equal write rate of single disks However capacity is only 50 percent of independent disk drives Ifthe RAID 1 array is built from different sized disk drives the free space drive segment size is the size of the smaller disk drive as shown in this figure Drive Segment Size Smallest Disk Drive Disk Drive 1 250 GB l Disk Drive 1 O Disk Drive 2 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Zs Cane Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 1 Logical Drive 250 GB RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays A RAID 1 Enhanced RAID 1E array also known as a striped mirror is similar to a RAID 1 array except that data is both mirrored and striped and more disk drives can be included A RAID 1E array can be built from three or more disk drives In this example the large bold numbers represent the striped data and the smaller non bold numbers represent the mirrored data stripes Disk Drive 1 400 GB Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 2 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 3 Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 1E Logical Drive 600 GB Appendix B Understanding RAID e 72 RAID 10 Arrays A RAID 10 array is built from two or more equal sized RAID 1 arrays Data in a RAID 10 array is both striped and mirrored Mirroring pr
32. port is more of a virtual concept different from what is normally considered a port on other types of RAID controllers and storage devices A port is one or more phys A narrow port contains one phy A wide port typically contains four phys Each port has its own unique SAS address see page 66 and all the phys in a port share that same SAS address SAS card port options vary A SAS card with four phys could be configured with one wide port with two wide ports that comprise two phys or with four narrow ports each containing one phy A wide port with four phys is referred to as a 4 wide or 4x port What s a SAS Address Each SAS port is identified with a unique SAS address which is shared by all phys on that port For example a SAS disk drive might have two narrow ports Each port has one unique SAS address The single phy in each port uses its port s SAS address In another example a SAS device might have one 4 wide port That port has one SAS address which is shared by all four phys in the port Unlike SCSI devices and SCSI IDs SAS devices self configure their SAS addresses User intervention is not required to set SAS addresses and SAS addresses cannot be modified What s a SAS Connector A SAS or mini SAS connector is the physical plug or receptacle that you see on a SAS device It s what you plug a SAS cable into or the end of the SAS cable that s being plugged in See SAS Cables on page 28 A connect
33. the ARC utility see page 79 select the Select utility then press Enter Follow the on screen instructions to modify the settings of your controller and connected disk drives as required Applying Changes and Exiting 1 To exit a Select utility press Esc until you are prompted to exit If you modified any settings you are prompted to save the changes before you exit 2 Select Yes to exit then press any key to restart your computer Any changes you made take effect after the computer restarts Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 82 Modifying Your Controller s Configuration Note Default controller settings are suitable for most computers Adaptec recommends that you do not change the default setting To modify your controller s settings select Controller Configuration from the main Select utility menu The following table lists controller configuration options Some options may not be available for your controller Additional controller specific options are also available e For SAS controller specific settings see page 83 e For SATA controller specific settings see page 83 e For SCSI controller specific settings see page 84 General Controller Settings Note Default settings are shown in bold type Option Description Drive s Write Cache When enabled write cache is enabled on the disk drive When disabled write cache is not used on the disk drive Default is the disk drive
34. users Disclaimer IF THIS PRODUCT DIRECTS YOU TO COPY MATERIALS YOU MUST HAVE PERMISSION FROM THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OF THE MATERIALS TO AVOID VIOLATING THE LAW WHICH COULD RESULT IN DAMAGES OR OTHER REMEDIES e3 Adaptec Customer Support If you have questions about installing or using your Adaptec product check this document first you will find answers to most of your questions If you need further assistance use the support options listed below To expedite your service have your computer in front of you Technical Support Identification TSID Number e Before contacting Technical Support you need your unique 12 digit TSID number The TSID number identifies your product and support status e The TSID number is included on a white bar coded label like this example TSID PTNNNNNNYYWW Ones ae 1P PRODUCT P N PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP CONTACTING TECENICR ii ai SUPPORT PRODUCT S N XXXXXXXXXXXXXX AN NT e Affix a copy of the TSID label to the CD jacket so that you don t lose it North America e Visit our Web site at www adaptec com e Search the Adaptec Support Knowledgebase ASK at ask adaptec com for articles troubleshooting tips and frequently asked questions for your product e For information about Adaptec s support options call 1 408 957 2550 24 hours per day 7 days per week To speak with a Technical Support Specialist e For Hardware products call 1 408 934 7274 Monday to Friday 5 00 A M to
35. 79 Using the ACU to Create and Manage pe EE A E EA ee Creating a New Array eer eee eT Neen A Tne amp Man aging Existing Ara s E E P E l Initial sich Disk EE E EA EE E 80 Secure Erasing Disk Witte i E He a Wales vets to alae Conitroller s iog P EEE g tun ie Exiting EEEE peated EEE ing Your Controller s Continues Ener ere ey ren mmr T SCSI pi e Settings Formatting and Verifying Disk bie E E es Viewing the Event P E E N 85 Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS Getting Started Working in the ACU Using EAEE E AE T ER Running the ACU Using ee P EE About Playback Mode ere ae ee Te eer About Record Mode AAA E E te Creating the Script Fil Manually eecececccoooooeooooooecoooooeeoo AC U Error Codes ei hina sina E ee Sample SEIS sass aaaasavasasaaaiasaiasasacasasdtaanaasdaaasagshaiapeivinababibialanninieiaieene oO Contents e 10 Using the Adaptec Flash Utility Pry SUN RS RE annsan Poore Tou DEn asna R a hen aninanunilaninhieoate Obtaining the Pinas Aieiaia ididiin O Creating the Firmware eor Di SARRRRRRRRRA per 4 Running the Menu based AFU Running the AFU from the Command Lise g APU ORAS isnsonsssnpia aaa 100 Updating the Flash Using the AFU Command Line Safety Information Electostatie Discharge 250 adininsnndiiiinieninn LO Technical Specifications Environmental Rt NR esta iainisnreshaninialinaaniaaiameda AO DPU Paneer
36. 9 connecting disk drives 35 disk drives 27 modifying with Select utilities 83 Write Cache setting 83 SATASelect 81 scripts in ACU for DOS 95 SCSI cables 29 comparison to SAS 68 disk drives 27 SCSI controllers cables 29 connecting disk drives 35 Controller SCSI Channel ID setting 84 Controller SCSI Channel Termination setting 84 disk drives 27 Enable Disconnection setting 84 Initiate Wide Negotiation setting 84 Maximum Transfer Rate setting 84 modifying with Select utilities 84 Packetized setting 84 QAS setting 84 SCSI Parity Checking setting 84 SCSI Parity Checking setting 84 Index e 111 SCSISelect 81 secure erasing disk drives 81 stopping a secure erase 81 Select utilities 81 applying changes 81 exiting 81 modifying controller settings 82 opening 81 Serial ATA See SATA Serial Attached SCSI See SAS SerialSelect 81 Small Computer System Interface See SCSI snapshot 17 software 56 Solaris driver installation 52 specifications 105 storage management Adaptec RAID Configuration utility 57 Adaptec Storage Manager 56 AFU 57 ARCCONE 56 storage space 12 support customer 3 SUSE driver installation 51 SUSE installation 45 switches in ACU for DOS 88 system requirements 14 T technical specifications 105 technical support 3 Technical Support Identification TSID number 3 terminology 12 SAS 63 tools Adaptec RAID Configuration utility 57 Adaptec Storage Manager 56 AFU 57 ARCCONF 56 troubleshooting tips 58
37. Adaptec Storage Manager agent is also installed automatically The agent is like a service that keeps your storage space running It s designed to run in the background without user intervention and its job is to monitor and manage system health event notifications task schedules and other on going processes on that system It sends notices when tasks are completed successfully and sounds an alarm when errors or failures occur on that system The agent uses less memory than the full application If your storage space includes systems that won t be connected to monitors and therefore won t require the user interface you can choose to run the agent only on those systems instead of the full application For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager online Help or to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD Installing Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager is included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD For installation instructions refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage also included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD About the Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration Utility The Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration ARCCONF is a command line utility that you can use to perform some basic array and configuration management functions With ARCCONE you can e Create and dele
38. Flash Utility AFU is a text based DOS utility that you can use to update save or verify your RAID controller s firmware BIOS and Non Volatile Random Access Memory NVRAM A Caution Although the AFU contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging your RAID controller s flash contents it is still important to use the AFU carefully and correctly to avoid rendering your RAID controller inoperable Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in DOS use the AFU Which Utility Should Use To create a bootable array Adaptec recommends that you use the BIOS based ACU See Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility on page 78 For all subsequent storage management tasks Adaptec recommends that you install and use Adaptec Storage Manager see page 56 As a full featured software application with a graphical user interface it is the easiest to use and offers the widest range of management functions Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use theARC utility See Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility on page 78 for more information Solving Problems In this chapter Troubleshooting Checklist it ian icons ile Sanaa A OE E O T TT 59 olemine tbe Alr e E 39 Recoverins kom a Disk Deine Falliti psrsnnnoneniaink nnana 59 Reciting he 1 roller acco asec senate E A 61 This chapter provides basic troubleshooting information an
39. ID 50 Arrays A RAID 50 array is built from six to forty eight disk drives configured as two or more RAID 5 arrays and stripes stored data and parity data across all disk drives in both RAID 5 arrays For more information see RAID 5 Arrays on page 73 Note Because they support four disk drives only the Adaptec 2420SA RAID controller can t support RAID 50 arrays The parity data provides data protection and striping improves performance RAID 50 arrays also provide high data transfer speeds Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For example three 250 GB disk drives and three 400 GB disk drives comprise two equal sized RAID 5 arrays with 500 GB of stored data and 250 GB of parity data The RAID 50 array can therefore contain 1000 GB 2 x 500 GB of stored data and 500 GB of parity data In this figure P represents the distributed parity data RAID 50 Logical Drive 1000 GB plus Parity sae 5 Each RAID 5 Logical Drive has m 5 500 GB Data Storage 250 GB Parity Data Jat E Total Unused Ca Bat 150 GB Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 3 250 GB 250 GB 250 GB Drive 4 Drive 5 Drive 6 400 GB 400 GB 400 GB Appendix B Understanding RAID e 76 RAID 6 Arrays A RAID 6 array also known as dual drive failure protection is similar to a RAID 5 array because it uses data striping and parity data to provide redundancy However RAID 6 arrays include two independent sets of parity dat
40. ID controller s to be flashed To update multiple RAID controllers in the same system update the boot controller s flash first restart the computer then update the flash for the remaining controllers 4 Select Select an Operation 5 Choose the operation you want then follow the on screen instructions to complete the task e Update Updates all the flash components on a RAID controller with the flash image data from the UFI file e Save Reads the contents of a RAID controller s flash components and saves the data to a UFI file which you can use to restore a RAID controller s flash if required e Verify Reads the contents of a RAID controller s flash components and compares it to the contents of the specified UFI file e Version Displays version information about a RAID controller s flash components e List Lists all supported RAID controllers detected on your system Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 100 6 Complete the flash operation and restart your computer before trying to use the RAID controller again You can not use your RAID controller while you are updating its flash Running the AFU from the Command Line Note You can also run a menu based AFU see page 99 To run the AFU from the command line 1 Power off your computer insert the first AFU floppy disk then power on your computer If your computer isn t set up to boot from the bootable floppy disk enter the system setup u
41. Modify logical devices 8 Click Apply then click Yes when prompted to confirm applying your new configuration Adaptec Storage Manager builds the logical drive The configuration is saved on the Adaptec controller as an array see page 12 and on the physical disk drives 9 Partition and format your logical drive The logical drive you created appears as a physical disk drive on your operating system You must partition and format these logical drives before you can use them to store data 10 Close all windows then click Reboot to restart your system 11 Remove the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD For information on installing and using Adaptec Storage Manager as a full software application refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage or online Help 12 Continue with the following section Making Your Array Bootable Use the ACU to make the array bootable see Creating Bootable Arrays on page 80 Then continue with Installing the Driver and an Operating System on page 42 Installing the Driver and an Operating System In this chapter Berore YOU PE pan amie ieee 43 Creating a Dirk E A A E E E 43 Tistalhns wii WS aE ANER 44 Tnstalline viih Red Hat TINO aes so cct aca cecncces eee cacaeeveeaceeaene aioe aecaaeravs 44 Deere iar ke alone Wy SAP yh gener tre a vere ene per ence veer aves er deeem nr tt iron ree m rrr nse tem 45 Mires te Ua wi NENE iano scene caer ude sensu
42. N PBP Insert the first Red Hat Installation CD Restart your computer When the Red Hat Welcome screen appears type linux dd at the Boot prompt When prompted insert the driver disk then select OK Follow the prompts to set up the environment you want If you are installing other third party devices install them now Otherwise select Done Complete the Linux installation following the instructions included with your operating system Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 45 Installing with SUSE Linux To install the Adaptec RAID controller driver while installing SUSE Linux 1 2 vn O O Ff 8 Insert the first SUSE Installation CD Restart your computer When the SUSE installation selection screen appears choose the type of installation you want then press the F6 key to indicate the use of a driver disk If F6 is not shown on the screen you may have an older version of SUSE press the Alt key instead When prompted insert the driver disk then press any key to continue Follow the prompts to set up the environment you want If you are installing other third party devices install them now Otherwise select Back Complete the Linux installation following the instructions included with your operating system Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing with NetWare Note You will need your NetWare Insta
43. ND C TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW BE EXCLUDED IN THE EVENT THIS PRODUCT BECOMES DEFECTIVE DURING THE WARRANTY PERIOD THE PURCHASER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR REPLACEMENT OR REFUND AS PROVIDED ABOVE INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOSS OF DATA ARISING FROM BREACH OF ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY ARE NOT THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ADAPTEC AND TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED BOTH FOR PROPERTY DAMAGE AND TO THE EXTENT NOT UNCONSCIONABLE FOR PERSONAL INJURY DAMAGE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state Regulatory Compliance Statements Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement WARNING Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses
44. OS e 90 Array Definition Block Keywords The array definition block always begins with the keyword Array and ends with the keyword End The other required array definition keywords are Drives and Type Array definition keywords and descriptions are listed in this table Keyword Required Description Array Yes Indicates the start of an array definition block No default See page 90 Drives Yes Specifies the disk drives used in creating the array No default See page 90 End Yes Indicates the end of an array definition block No default See page 91 HotspareDrives No Specifies hot spares to assign to the array No default See page 91 InitializeAll No Indicates whether to initialize all the drives connected to the controller Default is No See page 91 Method Yes Indicates the method Build Verify Clear or Quick Init to use when creating a redundant array Default is Build See page 92 ReadCache No Indicates whether read caching is enabled for this array Default is Yes See page 92 Size No Specifies the size of the array Default is Maximum See page 92 StripeSize No Specifies size of contiguous 1 0 in bytes Default is 256 See page 92 Type Yes Indicates the type of array to create No default See page 93 Wait No Indicates whether the ACU should wait for the new array s Build Verify or Clear to complete before continuing Default is Yes See page 93 WriteCache No Indicates whether write caching is enabled for th
45. a instead of one Both sets of parity data are striped separately across all disk drives in the array RAID 6 arrays provide extra protection for your data because they can recover from two simultaneous disk drive failures However the extra parity calculation slows performance compared to RAID 5 arrays RAID 6 arrays must be built from at least four disk drives Maximum stripe size depends on the number of disk drives in the array A Drive Segment Size DiskDrive 1 220 GB Smallest Disk Drive Disk Drive 2 250 GB Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 2 2 P2 449 P2 4 500 Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 Unused Space 150 GB GaN Disk Drives in Logical Drive Based on the drive segment sizes used RAID 6 Logical Drive 500 GB plus parity P1 amp P2 RAID 60 Arrays Similar to a RAID 50 array see page 75 a RAID 60 array also known as dual drive failure protection is built from eight disk drives configured as two or more RAID 6 arrays and stripes stored data and two sets of parity data across all disk drives in both RAID 6 arrays Note Because they support four disk drives only the Adaptec 2420SA RAID controller can t support RAID 60 arrays Two sets of parity data provide enhanced data protection and striping improves performance RAID 60 arrays also provide high data transfer speeds Appendix B Understanding RAID e T7
46. adapfec O _ A and SCSI RAID Controllers Installation and User s Guide e2 Copyright 2006 Adaptec Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written consent of Adaptec Inc 691 South Milpitas Blvd Milpitas CA 95035 Trademarks Adaptec Adaptec Storage Manager SCSISelect SATASelect SerialSelect and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec Inc which may be registered in some jurisdictions Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the US and other countries used under license Red Hat is a trademark of Red Hat Inc in the US and other countries used under license Novell and NetWare are trademarks of Novell Inc in the US and other countries used under license All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Changes The material in this document is for information only and is subject to change without notice While reasonable efforts have been made in the preparation of this document to assure its accuracy Adaptec Inc assumes no liability resulting from errors or omissions in this document or from the use of the information contained herein Adaptec reserves the right to make changes in the product design without reservation and without notification to its
47. arm the alarm will sound when an error occurs To silence the alarm use Adaptec Storage Manager see Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 OR one of the Select Utilities see Modifying Your Controller s Configuration on page 82 Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure This section explains how to recover when a disk drive fails If the array was protected by a hot spare see page 60 If the array was not protected by a hot spare see page 60 If there is a disk drive failure in more than one array simultaneously see page 60 If it is a RAID 0 array see page 60 If multiple disk drives fail within the same array see page 61 Note In DAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager uses the term logical drives when referring to arrays see page 12 Chapter 10 Solving Problems e 60 Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare When an array is protected by a hot spare if a disk drive in that array fails the hot spare is automatically incorporated into the array and takes over for the failed drive To recover from the failure 1 Remove and replace the failed disk drive following manufacturer s instructions 2 If copyback is not enabled In Adaptec Storage Manager remove the hot spare designation from the original hot spare the disk drive that was built into the array Then designate a new hot spare to protect the arrays on that controller If copyback is enabled Data is automatically moved back to its ori
48. ation about the flash components on a RAID controller After using the VERSION command restart your computer The command syntax for the VERSION command is AFU VERSION C lt Controller ID gt You can also use the C switch See Save on page 100 for more information This example displays version information about all supported RAID controllers A gt AFU VERSION C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V4 0 0 B5749 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Version Information for Controller 0 Adaptec Adaptec 2820SA ROM Build 5748 VALID Fri Sep 27 13 28 40 EDT 2005 A gt AFU VERSION C ALL Help Displays a summary of AFU functions and command switches For example A gt AFU HELP A gt AFU Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 103 Updating the Flash Using the AFU Command Line 1 2 Create the firmware floppy disks see page 99 Power off your computer insert the first AFU floppy disk then power on your computer If your computer isn t set up to boot from the bootable floppy disk enter the system setup utility to change the setting At the DOS command if you have multiple controllers and you don t know the number of the controller you want to update type AFU LIST then press Enter Otherwise skip to the next step At the DOS command type AFU followed by a command see page 100 and any switches you want Update the flash using the instructions suitable for your requirements
49. cascaiedon a e EEE Ea RRR 65 Howare Disk Drives Tei hat OAS errana a TA 66 Whatarethe SAS Connection ION npsrripiiiike ivenrini isorinis et nieo Sin A 66 How i SAS Dillerent mon Parallel SOal cannes aie Eh 68 This section provides a basic overview of the main features of Serial Attached SCSI SAS introduces some common SAS terms and explains how SAS differs from parallel SCSI Note For technical articles and tutorials about SAS refer to the SCSI Trade Association STA Web site at www scsita org Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 63 Terminology Used in This Chapter For convenience SAS HBAs and SAS RAID controllers are referred to generically in this chapter as SAS cards HBAs RAID controllers disk drives and external disk drive enclosures are referred to as end devices and expanders are referred to as expander devices For convenience this chapter refers to end devices and expander devices collectively as SAS devices What is SAS Legacy parallel SCSI is an interface that lets devices such as computers and disk drives communicate with each other Parallel SCSI moves multiple bits of data in parallel at the same time using the SCSI command set SAS is an evolution of parallel SCSI to a point to point serial interface SAS also uses the SCSI command set but moves multiple bits of data one at a time SAS links end devices through direct attach connections or through expander devices SAS cards can t
50. cated on the RAID Installation CD e Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage Describes how to install and use the Adaptec Storage Manager software see page 56 located on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD e Adaptec Storage Manager online Help Describes how to use the Adaptec Storage Manager software accessible from the main window of Adaptec Storage Manager o Command Line Utility for Internal RAID Storage User s Guide Describes how to use the Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration ARCCONF command line utility see page 56 to perform basic array and configuration management functions located on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD Kit Contents and System Requirements In this chapter US RL hi ee ee EEE A ere eno Re EIE A ee ee N E EE RTO er eee RR 14 oS ohsin Feuer E E E Ea Aeoes 14 This chapter lists the contents of your Adaptec RAID controller kit and the system requirements that must be met for you to successfully install and use your controller Chapter 2 Kit Contents and System Requirements e 14 Kit Contents Adaptec RAID controller RAID Installation CD bootable including controller drivers and this Guide Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD not bootable including user guides for Adaptec Storage Manager and the ARCCONF command line utility Cables type and quantity vary for cable information about your controller visit the Adaptec Web site a
51. controllers 61 floppy disks for firmware update 99 formatting disk drives 85 FreeBSD driver installation 53 OS installation 47 H hard disk hard disk drive hard drive See disk drive hot spares 16 HotspareDrives keyword array definition block 91 initializing disk drives 80 Initiate Wide Negotiation setting 84 installation controllers 32 creating a driver disk 43 disk drives SAS 33 disk drives SATA 35 disk drives SCSI 35 driver 49 to 53 to 54 driver and FreeBSD 47 driver and Linux 44 45 driver and NetWare 45 driver and OpenServer 46 driver and operating system 30 42 48 driver and UnixWare 47 driver and VMWare 47 driver and Windows 44 existing operating system 30 external devices 35 installation options 30 SAS backplane 34 SAS direct attach 33 with operating system 30 K keyed features 17 kit contents 14 L links SAS 64 Linux driver installation 51 OS installation 45 Linux installation 44 locked features 17 Managing 80 Maximum Transfer Rate setting 84 mini SAS direct connection 34 enclosure cable 28 internal cable 28 overview 65 SAS to SATA cable 29 mirroring 26 N NCQ 16 NetWare driver installation 51 OS installation 45 non redundant arrays 70 O online expansion 16 OpenServer driver installation 52 OS installation 46 operating system installation 30 42 48 operating systems 14 P Packetized setting 84 parity 26 Phy Rate setting 83 phys 64 Physical Driv
52. d solutions for solving controller problems Chapter 10 Solving Problems e 59 Troubleshooting Checklist If you encounter difficulties installing or using your Adaptec RAID controller check these items first With your computer powered off check the connections to each disk drive power supply LED connector and so on Try disconnecting and reconnecting disk drives from the Adaptec RAID controller Check that your Adaptec RAID controller is installed in a compatible expansion slot PCI PCI X or PCIe To double check the bus compatibility of your controller see About Your RAID Controller on page 15 Ensure that your Adaptec RAID controller is firmly seated and secured in the PCI PCI X PCIe expansion slot If your Adaptec RAID controller is not detected during system boot try installing it in a different compatible expansion slot See page 32 for instructions SCSI RAID controllers only Ensure that each SCSI disk drive or other device on each SCSI bus is assigned a unique SCSI ID Check that termination is set correctly on each SCSI bus Did the driver install correctly If you have external disk drives or other devices are they powered on If you are still unable to resolve a problem you can find additional troubleshooting information and direction on the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec comor the Support Knowledgebase at ask adaptec com Silencing the Alarm If your Adaptec RAID controller includes an al
53. d users familiar with working in DOS use the ACU for DOS utility For more information see Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 87 Getting Started Note You need a bootable floppy disk to complete this task The ACU for DOS runs from a floppy disk which you can create using the RAID Installation CD that came in your Adaptec RAID controller kit To create the ACU floppy disk 1 Insert your RAID Installation CD into the CD drive then browse to this file packages firmware controllermodel acu exe Where controllermodel is the model number of your Adaptec RAID controller 2 Inserta bootable floppy disk and copy the acu exe file to it 3 Continue in one of two ways e Workin the ACU using menus see the following section e Run the ACU using scripts see page 88 Working in the ACU Using Menus To work in the ACU using menus 1 Insert the ACU floppy disk see Getting Started above then start or restart your computer The computer boots to the DOS command line 2 Type acu on the command line then press Enter The ACU is menu based and instructions for completing tasks appear on screen Menus can be navigated using the arrow Enter Esc and other keys on your keyboard For more information about completing tasks see Using the ACU to Create and Manage Arrays on page 79 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 88 Running the ACU Using Scri
54. ect attach connections 33 66 disk drives 27 cables 28 connecting to SAS controllers 33 connecting to SATA controllers 35 connecting to SCSI controllers 35 external 35 failure recovery multiple arrays 60 multiple disk drives 61 RAID 0 arrays 60 with hot spare 60 without hot spare 60 formatting 85 HVD 27 initializing 80 LVD 27 recovering from failure 59 rescanning 80 SAS identifiers 66 SE 27 secure erasing 81 stopping a secure erase 81 verifying 85 drive requirements 27 Drive s Write Cache setting 82 driver and operating system installation 30 42 48 driver disk 43 driver installation 49 to 53 to 54 drivers installing on FreeBSD 53 installing on Linux 51 installing on NetWare 51 installing on OpenServer 52 installing on Solaris 52 installing on UnixWare 53 installing on VMWare 53 installing on Windows 51 installing with FreeBSD 47 installing with Linux 44 45 installing with NetWare 45 installing with OpenServer 46 installing with UnixWare 47 installing with VMWare 47 installing with Windows 44 E electrostatic discharge 104 Enable Disconnection setting 84 end devices 63 End property 91 enhanced features 17 Index e 109 event log 85 expander connections 67 expander devices 63 external devices 35 F failed disk drives 59 multiple arrays 60 multiple disk drives 61 RAID 0 arrays 60 without hot spare 60 feature keys 17 firmware 98 creating floppy disks 99 firmware upgrades 17 flashing
55. ecting Ca Mess sssssssavcasssssiss T nT ORI NTT SAE RTE ERED ETO A TEETET 28 ation Dolana Basic Installatic Installing on an Existing Operating Syste M cccossmunnsusnsusnsssa d Installing the Controller and Disk Drives Peloge You BEN onncninnmmnioiucnmemcannenmae Tostalling the Controller sersut gine Connecting Disk Drives to SAS RAID Controllers ccccsississssssssssossssisisscecitaen 33 Connecting Directly to the Controller cscsseeeeeees E Connecting to a System Backplane se 34 Connecting Disk Drives 16 SATA RAID Controller Serivces A Connecting Disk Drives to SCSI RAID Controllers s sssssssssssseesseessresseesseee 3D Connecting External Devices 2 NET EP a piain Monitoring Disk Drives with Adaptas Storage Managefenrinnieainunan ae Creating a Bootable Array Setting the an ie SA pees an pene with mpra Storage Manager Makine Tour Array POU nim jaoi m Bare and an Operating System Installing with VS ERE EE AEA AAN A aren E sy with Red Hat Liia E EEATT AEE T Inst ling with Unie PEE AA E E E t Tastalline with V eit cis ascdececaccnasnieagandactelanesianaranlinedenbierminen Installing with FreeBSD Contents e 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System Deors Tov a eetecetetrttieerteteenraitneioneerreaaiauaanamiare ane a Driver Disk aoe i nan j a on O raae Installing on Solar anemia Installing on UnixWare eee E E nT err J miscar
56. ed metal object before handling the RAID controller As shown at right insert the RAID controller into the PCI 4 expansion slot and press down gently but firmly until it clicks i into place When installed properly the RAID controller should pm appear level with the expansion slot Sad Secure the bracket in the PCI PCle PCI X slot using the retention device for instance a screw or lever supplied with your computer Connect your computer s disk activity LED cable to the LED connector on the controller marked on the figures in About Your RAID Controller on page 15 Ensure that the positive lead of the LED cable usually a red wire or a wire marked with a red stripe is attached to pin 1 Note Adaptec 4000 only Controller installation is complete If you are installing the controller driver and an operating system on a bootable array continue with Creating a Bootable Array on page 37 If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system continue with Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 49 Chapter 5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives e 33 6 Optional Connect your RAID controller s 12C connector not available on all models to an I2C connector on an internal backplane or enclosure using an I2C cable 7 Prepare and install your internal disk drives following the instructions for your type of controller e For SAS RAID controllers see page 33 e F
57. ef 2 1 external VHDCI SCSI connector 1 internal HD SCSI connector PCI PCI X connector Bus compatibility Maximum bus width Maximum bus speed Standard cache Number of channels Maximum number of disk drives Battery backup module Audible alarm PCI PCLX 3 3 V 64 bit 133 MHz 256 MB 1 15 Adaptec Battery Module 400 sold separately see page 17 Yes Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 24 About the Adaptec 2230SLP The Adaptec 2230SLP is a low profile SCSI controller with these features Mode O Flash connector C lt 2 external VHDCI SCSI connectors Battery connecto Activity LED 2 internal HD SCSI connectors o R v g GP pp PCI PCI X connector Mounting bracket Bus compatibility Maximum bus width Maximum bus speed Standard cache Number of channels Maximum number of disk drives SCSI cables included Battery backup module Audible alarm PCI PCI X 3 3 V 64 bit 133 MHz 128 MB or 256 MB depending on your controller configuration 2 30 15 per channel 1 internal Adaptec Battery Module 400 sold separately see page 17 Yes Getting Started In this chapter Lees FAI Lere Naon nn NEE E 26 Telecine Pisk Dr NO arua patticaanpaduvcauiabavraatadasraaaadaauna aaaianuct ali pmunnueNenIERS 27 De Memes CDSS E E E E E Mawnan E E aeeeeeied 28 astalhton OPOS sosa i
58. es Display During POST setting 82 playback mode 88 Index e 110 Q QAS setting 84 R RAID 16 17 non redundant arrays 70 RAID 0 70 RAID 171 RAID 10 72 RAID 1E 16 71 RAID 5 73 RAID 50 75 RAID 5EE 16 74 RAID 6 16 76 RAID 60 17 76 RAID controllers See controllers RAID levels 26 record mode 89 recovering from disk drive failure 59 Red Hat driver installation 51 OS installation 44 Redundant Array of Independent Disks See RAID Removable Media Devices Boot Support setting 82 replacing failed disk drives 59 requirements 14 drive 27 rescanning disk drives 80 resetting controllers 61 Runtime BIOS setting 82 S safety information 104 SAS 4 wide ports 65 backplane connections 34 66 cables 28 comparison to parallel SCSI 68 connectors 65 description 63 direct attach connections 33 66 disk drive identifiers 66 disk drives 27 edge expanders 67 end devices 63 expander connections 67 expander devices 63 fanout expanders 67 link speed 63 links 64 narrow connectors 65 narrow ports 65 phys 64 ports 64 65 SAS address 65 SAS cards 63 SAS devices 63 SAS domain 67 terminology 63 transceivers 64 wide connectors 65 wide ports 65 SAS Address setting 83 SAS controllers cables 28 connecting disk drives 33 CRC Checking setting 83 disk drives 27 modifying with Select utilities 83 Phy Rate setting 83 SAS Address setting 83 SAS devices 63 SATA cables 29 disk drives 27 SATA controllers cables 2
59. ess is automatically terminated Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 92 Method Keyword Method is an optional keyword indicating which method to use when creating a redundant RAID 1 5 and 10 array Possible values e Build the default Perform a Build Verify process on the array Takes longer than Clear but allows you to begin using the array immediately e Clear Clear the array Faster than a Build Verify process but you have to wait for the operation to be completed before you can begin using the array e Quick Init Makes the array available immediately but does not accomplish a Build Verify Parity and mirror information is created as data is written to the disk drive called full stripe write mode which reduces overall array performance Maximum performance is achieved by starting and completing a Build Verify For example Method Build ReadCache Keyword ReadCache indicates whether the array uses read caching Possible values e Yes default Enable read caching e No Disable read caching For example ReadCache Yes Size Keyword The Size keyword specifies the size of the array Specify Maximum the default to create an array using the maximum available space based on the array type and drives selected Otherwise specify the size as an integer or a decimal number followed by the unit keyword MB megabytes GB gigabytes or TB terabytes Note A unit keyword
60. g script You can only record one RAID controller at a time with Record Mode Record multiple RAID controllers separately using separate script files The syntax is ACU R lt file gt where file is the name of the script file The file parameter can include a drive directory filename and extension but only the filename and extension are required If no drive or directory is specified the file is placed in the same location as the ACU executable The ACU supports only a subset of available array types If it encounters an array it can t create a warning displays or is recorded in the log file if the L switch is used no keywords for that array are recorded in its script file When recording an array the ACU always uses the default Wait setting equivalent to Wait Yes unless you edit the script file and include Wait No in the array s definition block For more information see Wait Keyword on page 93 Creating the Script File Manually Script files contain blocks e Array definition block keywords see page 90 e Optional ACU error codes see page 94 The syntax rules are e Each keyword must start its own line e Syntax is not case sensitive Entering Comments in the Script File To enter a comment in the script file start with a pound character You can start anywhere on a line For a sample script that includes comments see Sample Scripts on page 95 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for D
61. gh the configuration of your controller There are 27 physical drives available for configuration Click Express or Custom then click Next Configuration paths S Select a path through the configuration wizard Express configuration for controller 1 Click this choice to configure your Adaptec 2230SLP controller automatically Custom configuration for controller 1 Click this choice to configure your Adaptec 2230SLP controller manually Back Next gt cancel Help 6 Select Express configuration then click Next Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array e 41 7 Review the information that is displayed Note In DAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager uses the term logical drives when referring to arrays see page 12 In this example Adaptec Storage Manager has used thirteen equal sized disk drives to automatically create one logical drive with RAID 5 and a hot spare Configuration summary Below is the configuration summary for the controller To accept and save this configuration click Apply To make changes click the Modify button Configuration summary gt Click Apply to save your configuration changes Logical device Size Initialization Hot spare RAID 5 106 52 GB Build Yes Modify logical devices To exclude specific disk drives from the logical drive specify a size for the logical drive or to make other changes to the configuration click
62. ginal location once the controller detects that the failed drive has been replaced No action is required Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare When a array is not protected by a hot spare if a disk drive in that array fails remove and replace the failed disk drive The controller detects the new disk drive and begins to rebuild the array If the controller fails to rebuild the array check that the cables disk drives and controllers are properly installed and connected Then if necessary use Adaptec Storage Manager to rebuild the array For instructions refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage or online Help Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously If there s a disk drive failure in more than one array at the same time one failure per array and the arrays have hot spares protecting them the controller rebuilds the arrays with these limitations e A hot spare must be of equal or greater size than the failed disk drive it s replacing e Failed disk drives are replaced with hot spares in the order in which they failed The array that includes the disk drive that failed first is rebuilt first assuming an appropriate hot spare is available see bullet above If there are more disk drive failures than hot spares see Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare on page 60 If copyback is enabled data is moved back to its original location once the controller detects that t
63. he failed drive has been replaced Disk Drive Failure in a RAID O Array Because RAID 0 volumes do not include redundancy if a disk drive fails in a RAID 0 array the data can t be recovered Correct the cause of the failure or replace the failed disk drives Then restore your data if available Chapter 10 Solving Problems e 61 Multiple Failures in the Same Array Except in RAID 6 and RAID 60 arrays see page 69 if more than one disk drive fails at the same time in the same array the data can t be recovered Correct the cause of the failure or replace the failed disk drives Then restore your data if available Note In some instances RAID 10 and RAID 50 arrays may survive multiple disk drive failures depending on which disk drives fail For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage or online Help Resetting the Controller This section explains how to reset or flash your Adaptec RAID controller You may want to do this if the controller becomes inoperable or if a firmware upgrade is unsuccessful To reset your Adaptec RAID controller 1 Download the firmware version currently installed on your controller from www adaptec com 2 Extract the downloaded files to a folder on your local hard drive for example C Download Drivers 3 Create a bootable MS DOS floppy disk and copy the AFU exe file to it Copy the first firmware image to the same floppy disk
64. ices such as CD drives are Devices Boot Support supported This setting is not available on all RAID controller models Alarm Control When enabled the alarm sounds Default is enabled Note When the alarm is turned off disabled it will automatically turn back on after a reboot Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 83 SAS specific Controller Settings In addition to the general settings listed on page 82 your Adaptec SAS controller has SAS specific settings that can be modified if required For more information about SAS see page 62 To modify SAS specific settings select PHY Configuration from the SerialSelect main menu Note Default settings are shown in bold type Option Description PHY Rate The data transfer rate between the controller and devices The default setting is Auto which allows the SAS card to adjust the data transfer rate as required CRC Checking When enabled determines whether the controller verifies the accuracy of data transfer on the serial bus Default setting is Yes enabled Set to No disabled only if the controller is connected to a device that does not support CRC Checking SAS Address In a situation where you want each phy on a controller to be in a different SAS domain this setting specifies a unique world wide name for each phy Default is 0 Note This setting is for SAS address conflict resolution only and should otherwise remain at its default value
65. id package When the installation is complete select q to quit the installer Reboot your computer and remove the driver disk Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing on VMWare Note The embedded driver provided by VMWare should be suitable for most applications If an updated driver is needed use the following procedure To install the driver on VMWare 1 2 4 Start your computer then insert the driver disk At the console screen of the VMware server mount the Adaptec CD mount r dev cdrom mnt cdrom Install the module RPM rpm ivh mnt cdrom xxx yyy rpm where xxx is the driver path and yyy rpmis the rpm file Reboot your computer and remove the driver disk Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on VMWare To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information Installing on FreeBSD To install the driver on FreeBSD 1 2 Start your computer Insert and mount the driver disk mount t msdos dev fd0 mnt Copy the driver package to the tmp directory cp mnt aac 02 00 00 x tgz tmp Install the driver package pkg_add tmp aac 02 00 00 x tgz Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System e 54 5 Reboot your computer then remove the driver disk Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information
66. ify the RAID controller s firmware BIOS and NVRAM A Caution Although the AFU contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging your RAID controller s flash contents it is still important to use the AFU carefully and correctly to avoid rendering your RAID controller inoperable Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in DOS use the AFU For more information see Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 98 System Requirements MS DOS version 5 0 or later Note You can t run the AFU from a DOS command prompt window under any version of Windows At least 8 MB of extended memory Compatibility Notes Supports HIMEM SYS compatible with other DOS drivers running under HIMEM SYS for example SMARTDRV SYS and SETVER SYS Does not support DOS extenders installed in memory such as EMM386 SYS and DOS4GW Before You Begin 1 2 Obtain the firmware see the following section Create a firmware kit on floppy disks see page 99 There are two ways to run the AFU 1 2 Using the AFU menus see page 99 From the command line see page 100 Obtaining the Firmware To obtain RAID controller firmware go to The RAID Installation CD Includes the AFU executable AFU exe and a separate flash image The flash image may comprise multiple User Flash Image UFI files The Adaptec Web site Download a new firmware file to get the m
67. ions refer to your computer s documentation Caution To avoid causing unstable operation do not attach a cable to the controller unless the other end of the cable is attached to a least one disk drive Alternatively install your disk drives then connect them to the controller 4 When all internal disk drives have been installed and connected close your computer cabinet reattach the power cord then continue with the following section Connecting External Devices Note If you are not connecting any external devices see the following section Next Steps 1 SCSI controllers only Ensure that SCSI IDs and termination are set before completing the connections to external disk drives or devices See page 35 2 Use high quality cables to connect your controller to your external device s such as disk drives or disk drive enclosures Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec cables For more information or to purchase cables visit the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com Chapter 5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives e 36 Next Steps If you are installing the controller driver and an operating system onto a bootable array continue with Creating a Bootable Array on page 37 If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system continue with Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 49 Monitoring Disk Drives with Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager allows yo
68. is array Default is Yes See page 93 Array Keyword Array is a required keyword indicating the start of an array definition block The syntax is Array lt labe1 gt where label is an optional alphanumeric string For example Array MyData Drives Keyword Drives is a required keyword specifying the devices to use in creating the array There is no default value A disk drive is identified by its channel number ID target and LUN separated by colons for example 0 0 0 or 0 1 0 Separate multiple disk drive identifiers with commas Prior to creating any new arrays the ACU initializes any drives specified by the Drives keyword If a disk drive is specified in more than one array definition block in a script it is initialized only once Caution Any disk drive specified within the script file is initialized which destroys any data on that disk drive For example Drives 0 0 0 Drives 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 91 End Keyword End is a required keyword indicating the end of the block HotspareDrives Keyword Hotspare Drives is an optional keyword specifying the hot spares to assign to the array The syntax for listing hot spares is the same as the Drives Keyword on page 90 If Hotspare Drives is not specified no hot spares are assigned to the array For example HotspareDrives 0 0 0 0 1 0 The same disk drive can be assigned to protect multiple arrays
69. ivers have loaded select No 6 Complete the UnixWare installation following the instructions included with your operating system 7 Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing with VMWare Note You will need your VMWare Installation CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing VMWare 1 Insert the VMWare Installation CD 2 Restart your computer 3 Follow the on screen instructions to begin the VMWare installation Note The VMWare embedded driver will see the device and install 4 Complete the VMWare installation following the instructions included with your operating system Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on VMWare To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information Installing with FreeBSD Note You will need your FreeBSD Installation CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing FreeBSD Insert the FreeBSD Installation CD Restart your computer When the FreeBSD start screen opens select 6 to escape to loader prompt Type load kernel Insert the driver floppy disk oOo oo A W N PB Type load disk0 aacu ko Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 48 If the driver fails to load run Isdev and check for the floppy disk drive Then try again with the appropriate device 7 Type boot 8 Complete the FreeBSD installation following the instructions included with your operating sy
70. ke an array bootable see Creating Bootable Arrays on page 80 e Assign or remove hot spares e Delete an array A Caution Before deleting an array back up the data to avoid permanently losing it Creating Bootable Arrays Note You may need to change the system BIOS to modify the boot order For more information refer to your computer s documentation The controller always uses the lowest numbered array as its bootable array To make an array bootable 1 Select Manage Arrays from the main ACU menu 2 Select the array that you want to make bootable then press Ctrl B Note You cannot make an array bootable while it s building verifying or rebuilding The array s number changes to Array 00 which makes this array the controller s boot array 3 Restart your computer Initializing Disk Drives If a disk drive appears grayed out unavailable for use in a new array it may need to be initialized To begin initializing a disk drive select Initialize Drives from the main ACU menu A Caution Do not initialize a disk drive that is part of an array Initializing a disk drive that s part of an array may make the array unusable Back up all data from your disk drive before you initialize it Rescanning Disk Drives To begin rescanning a disk drive select Rescan Drives from the main ACU menu Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 81 Secure Erasing Disk Drives When you perform a secure erase
71. llation CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing NetWare 1 Restart your computer then install NetWare For instructions refer to your NetWare documentation To be able to load additional drivers later select Manual install mode during the first part of the installation To load additional drivers a Select Modify when the storage adapters are displayed b Select Storage adapters then press the Insert key to add an unlisted driver from the floppy disk When the Device Types screen appears check the Storage adapters list and select Modify to add another driver Select Storage adapters then press Enter All recognized controllers are displayed If AACRAID is detected delete it Press Insert to add another driver The available drivers are displayed Insert the driver floppy disk Press the Insert key to scan the floppy disk drive Once the driver is selected the Parameter screen is displayed Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 46 8 9 From the lower window menu select Continue then press Enter If the driver installation process fails the server console is displayed so you can see the cause of the failure To modify disk partitions apply hot fixes or perform volume maintenance refer to your NetWare documentation Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing with OpenServer Note You will need your OpenServer Installatio
72. ller 1 Enter the system setup 2 Navigate to the drive boot sequence 3 Move the boot controller to the top of the list For more information refer to your computer s documentation Creating an Array This section explains how to create an array A RAID 5 array is created in the examples shown in this section because RAID 5 provides the most security and best performance with a minimum of three disk drives However you can choose to create an array with a different RAID level you can also change array level later after the operating system is installed You can create an array using either of these tools e Array Configuration Utility ACU BIOS based menus and keyboard navigation see the following section e Adaptec Storage Manager Graphical software application running from a bootable RAID installation CD that you can navigate with your mouse see page 56 You can use either tool but the ARC Adaptec RAID Configuration utility is the quicker and easier tool for this task Note Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array Adaptec Storage Manager generates a warning if you try to create a logical drive using a combination of SAS and SATA disk drives See page 63 for more information Creating an Array with the ACU The ACU is menu based and instructions for completing tasks appear on screen Menus can be navigated using the arrows Enter Esc and other keys on your keyboa
73. m a minimum of four disk drives Dual Drive Failure Protection RAID 6 A RAID 6 array is similar to a RAID 5 array except that it includes two independent sets of parity data instead of one 1The Adaptec 2420SA RAID controller supports RAID O 1 10 5 50 simple and spanned volumes Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 17 e Dual Drive Failure Protection RAID 60 A RAID 60 array is similar to a RAID 50 array except that it includes four independent sets of parity data instead of two Adding Enhanced Features As your storage needs change you can enhance data protection and improve performance by upgrading your Adaptec controller with extra features Currently Adaptec offers the snapshot function as an upgrade feature which can be activated with a feature key sold separately A snapshot is a frozen image of a logical drive at a particular point in time You can use this feature to back up your data to tape clone a disk drive or copy the data to multiple servers Note Snapshots are supported by Windows and Linux operating systems only To purchase a feature key contact your Adaptec Reseller or refer to the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com To unlock the enhanced features with a feature key see the following section Using a Feature Key to Unlock Enhanced Features When you receive a feature key use Adaptec Storage Manager to unlock the new features For step by step instructions follow the instructions
74. n CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing OpenServer 1 2 3 4 ol Insert the OpenServer Installation CD Restart your computer Follow the on screen instructions to begin the OpenServer installation When prompted to load more HBA drivers insert the driver disk then select Yes To load more HBA drivers repeat this step When all drivers have loaded select No Complete the OpenServer installation following the instructions included with your operating system Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing with Solaris Note You will need a floppy disk to complete this task To create a driver disk 1 2 Start your computer Interrupt the autoboot press the ESC key The Device Configuration Assistant DCA Utility will open Select F4_Add Driver Insert a floppy disk Complete the Solaris installation following the instructions included with your operating system Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 47 Installing with UnixWare Note You will need your UnixWare Installation CD to complete this task To install the driver when installing UnixWare 1 Insert the UnixWare Installation CD 2 Restart your computer 3 Follow the on screen instructions to begin the UnixWare installation 4 When prompted to load more HBA drivers insert the driver disk then select Yes To load more HBA drivers repeat this step ol When all dr
75. n which to perform the specified command The default is 0 if the computer has multiple RAID controllers the AFU defaults to controller 0 unless you specify otherwise For example To specify a single RAID controller ID c 0 To specify multiple IDs separated by commas c 0 2 To indicate all RAID controllers ALL If you are using multiple RAID controllers you must specify the controller you want by using the C switch otherwise the AFU displays an error message and exits D lt UFI File Path gt Specifies the path where the UFI files are located If you do not specify the D switch the AFU looks for or creates its UFI files in the default location You cannot specify the name of a UFI file only its path UFI filenames are predefined based on the RAID controller type In this example the AFU saves flash contents from RAID controller 0 to a UFI file in the current default drive and directory A gt AFU SAVE C 0 In this example the AFU saves flash contents from Controller 1 to a UFI file in C UFL_FILES A gt AFU SAVE C 1 D C UFI_FILES Update Updates the flash components of one or more RAID controllers on your computer from the flash image data in a UFI file You must restart the computer following an UPDATE command The command syntax for the UPDATE command is AFU UPDATE C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt You can also use the C and D switches see Save on page 100 This exam
76. nann an aR ARA 30 Basie hatallation SEa eean AE E E RE 30 This chapter provides the basic information you need to set up your disk drives and arrays the way you want them It also describes the options you have for installing your Adaptec controller and disk drives and creating arrays for data storage Note Before you begin familiarize yourself with your Adaptec controller s physical features and the RAID levels that it supports see About Your RAID Controller on page 15 Chapter 4 Getting Started e 26 Choosing a RAID Level This section provides a brief overview of the RAID levels supported by your Adaptec RAID controller including the minimum and maximum number of disk drives required by each RAID 0 Non redundant Array Stripes data across multiple disk drives Improved performance but no redundancy see page 70 RAID 1 Array Created from two disk drives where one disk drive is a mirror of the other the same data is stored on each disk drive Redundancy but reduced capacity see page 71 RAID 1E Array Similar to a RAID 1 array except that data is mirrored and striped and more disk drives can be included see page 71 RAID 5 Array Stripes data for improved performance and uses parity data to provide redundancy see page 73 RAID 5EE Array Similar to a RAID 5 array but includes a distributed spare and must include a minimum of four disk drives see page 74 RAID 10 Array Built from two or more equal
77. nd to comply with EMC Directive 89 336 EEC as amended by 92 31 EEC and 93 68 EEC in accordance with e EN55022 1998 A1 2000 A2 2003 Emissions e EN55024 1998 A1 2001 A2 2003 Immunity EN61000 4 2 1995 Electrostatic discharge 4 kV contact 8 kV air EN61000 4 3 1996 Radiated immunity EN61000 4 4 1995 Electrical fast transients burst 1 kV AC 0 5 kV I O EN61000 4 5 1995 Surges 1 kV differential mode 2 kV common mode EN61000 4 6 1996 Conducted immunity 3 V EN61000 4 11 1994 Supply dips and variation 30 and 100 In addition all equipment requiring U L listing has been found to comply with EMC Directive 73 23 EEC as amended by 93 68 EEC in accordance with EN60950 with amendments A1 A2 A3 A4 A11 C European Union Compliance Statement Australian New Zealand Compliance Statement This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to the Australian New Zealand standard AS NZS 3548 set out by the Spectrum Management Agency ej Canadian Compliance Statement This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du R glement sur le mat riel brouilleur du Canada Japanese Compliance Voluntary Control Council Initiative This equipment complies to class B Information Technology equipment based on VCCI Voluntary C
78. nstalling the Controller and Disk Drives e 34 2 Use internal SAS or mini SAS cables to attach the disk drives to the controller SAS SATA disk drives External SAS connector FN Single port connector 3 External SAS cable ly 3 When all internal disk drives have been installed and attached to the controller close your computer cabinet reattach the power cord then continue with Connecting External Devices on page 35 Connecting to a System Backplane In a backplane connection disk drives and SAS cards are attached to and communicate with each other through a system backplane The number of disk drives is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane Some backplanes have embedded SAS expanders and can support up to 128 end devices For more information about backplane and expander connections see page 66 1 Connect one or more internal SAS or SATA disk drives to the backplane Refer to your system s documentation for more information 2 Usean internal SAS cable to connect the controller to the backplane Controller connected to backplane with fan out cable Disk drives on backplane 3 When all internal disk drives have been installed and connected close your computer cabinet reattach the power cord then continue with Connecting External Devices on page 35 Chapter 5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives e 35 Connecting Disk Drives to SATA RAID Controllers 1 Install you
79. nue with the instructions for your operating system e For Windows see page 44 e For Red Hat Linux see page 44 e For SUSE Linux see page 45 e For NetWare see page 45 e For OpenServer see page 46 e For Solaris see page 46 e For UnixWare see page 47 e For VMWare see page 47 e For FreeBSD see page 47 Chapter 7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System e 44 Installing with Windows Note You will need your Windows Installation CD to complete this task To install the Adaptec RAID controller driver while installing Windows 1 2 3 7 8 Insert your Windows CD then restart the computer Follow the on screen instructions to begin the Windows installation When prompted to install a third party driver press F6 Note When F6 is active a prompt appears at the bottom of the screen for only 5 seconds If you miss your chance to press F6 restart your computer Insert the driver disk then wait until you are prompted to install a driver Press S to specify that the driver is on a floppy disk then press Enter The computer reads the disk When the Adaptec driver is found press Enter Follow the on screen instructions to complete the installation Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing with Red Hat Linux Note You will need your Red Hat Installation CD to complete this task To install the Adaptec RAID controller driver while installing Red Hat Linux s Oo O A W
80. of Controller Charge LED for battery backup module Alarm connector ode O Flash connector Activity LED connector top 2 left right pins Battery connector Las as Bus compatibility Maximum bus width Maximum bus speed 1 0 processor clock frequency Standard cache Maximum number of disk drives External Connector Internal Connector Battery backup module Audible alarm PCI X 3 3V 64 bit 133 MHz 500 MHz 128 MB DDR2 8 or up to 100 with expanders mini SAS 4x multilane SFF 8470 2x SAS 4x multilane SFF 8484 Adaptec Battery Module 600 sold separately see page 17 Yes 1 256 MB also available Note Although this controller has an onboard speaker you can connect it to an internal speaker with these specifications 3 0 V 90 0 mA The internal speaker is not required as the onboard speaker volume is appropriate for most environments Chapter 3 About Your RAID Controller e 20 About the Adaptec 4805SAS The Adaptec 4805SAS is a SAS RAID controller with these features Two 4 wide internal SAS connectors Mounting bracket 1 external SAS 2 connector 0m Diag LED Activity LED Power LED Back side of Controller eee Charge LED for battery backup module Alarm connector Mode O Flash connector Activity LED connector top 2 left right pins Battery connector
81. on Yes enabled Initiate Wide When enabled the SCSI channel attempts 16 bit data transfer instead of 8 bit Negotiation data transfer Default is Yes enabled QAS When enabled QAS Quick Arbitration and Selection is used to eliminate overhead and speed up data transfers on the SCSI bus Default is No disabled Note Adaptec recommends that you do not enable QAS if you are using an enclosure that supports Ultra320 expanders Packetized When enabled SCSI packetization encapsulation is used to reduce overhead and speed data transfer Default is Yes enabled SCSI Channel Interface Settings Note Default settings are shown in bold type Option Description Controller SCSI Sets the controller s SCSI ID Adaptec recommends that you leave the controller Channel ID set to the default 7 which gives it the highest priority on the SCSI channel SCSI Parity When enabled the controller verifies the accuracy of data transfer on the SCSI Checking channel Disable only if the controller is connected to any SCSI device that does not support SCSI parity Default is enabled Controller SCSI Sets termination on the controller Adaptec recommends that you retain the Channel default setting auto mode Termination Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 85 Formatting and Verifying Disk Drives You can use the disk utilities to low level format or verify your disk drives New disk drives are low level
82. on a disk drive all data on that disk drive is completely and irretrievably eradicated Secure erase performs three distinct writing passes to the disk drive being erased it does not just write zeros Performing a secure erase takes up to six times longer than clearing or zeroing a disk drive You may want to perform a secure erase only on disk drives that contain confidential or classified information Note To erase or zero a disk drive with non classified information you may choose to format it see page 85 instead or clear it using Adaptec Storage Manager both options take much less time than the secure erase option To begin a secure erase select Secure Erase from the main ACU menu then select Y yes To return to the main ACU menu once the secure erase has begun press Esc The selected disk drive s cannot be used until the erase is complete Stopping a Secure Erase To stop a secure erase in progress 1 Inthe main ACU window select Secure Erase 2 Select the disk drive being secure erased then press Ctrl Q The secure erase stops and the ACU returns to its main window Using the Select Utility to Modify Controller Settings Included in the ARC utility is a tool for modifying the settings of your controller and the disk drives connected to it This utility is called SerialSelect SATA Select or SCSISelect depending on what type of controller you have Opening a Select Utility To open a Select utility start
83. ontrol Council for Interface This equipment is designed for home use but it may causes radio frequency interference problem if used too near to a television or radio Please handle it correctly per this documentation CAUTION Risk of explosion if the battery is replaced by an incorrect type Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions Contents About This Guide Terminology Used im this Guide nnunnninannnmnnnnumiss How to Find More Information cscsssssssssssessessssseesessseeees Kit Contents and System Requirements TEA CIS AT ETE P EEA S e E A E e E A A E About Your RAID Controller Standard p ee Features ccciscssscasssavesussaneavessnanvessnsavasansnvseasnvaranasuasa Adding a Battery Backup Module Upgrading the i Piia About the About the Adaptec 4800SAS eet ee ever tne rier cer reyes About the Adaptec 4805SAG About the Adaptec 2420SA About the Adaptec 2820SA About the Adaptec 2130SLP About ihe Adaptec 22508 Parmin Getting Started Choosing a RAID Level Selecting Disk Drives 7 Disk Drives for SAS oino Mie Disk Drives for SATA Co REEE I IPEA ee E E EA CD eee What You Need t Know Before You Begin uiiiscscsiinssiisiiinesisass l Jsing a eaii Key to nloc Enhanced FeattreS sssiisiisissisisis l PRAE 14 27 Contents e 7 Disk Drives for SCSI Controllers vi ccccccsoctccctisctcectcectcactleckcectivstcactincbiavtietns 27 Sel
84. or SATA RAID controllers see page 35 e For SCSI RAID controllers see page 35 If you are not installing internal disk drives close your computer cabinet reattach the power cord then continue with Connecting External Devices on page 35 Connecting Disk Drives to SAS RAID Controllers You can connect SAS disk drives SATA disk drives or a combination of both to your SAS RAID controller There are no jumpers or switches to set before installation If you plan to build a bootable array using internal disk drives ensure you install at least the minimum number disk drives required to support the RAID level you want See page 26 for more information Note Although you can connect both SAS and SATA disk drives to your SAS controller Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array or logical drive See page 63 for more information You have two connection options e To connect directly to the controller see the following section e To connect to a backplane see page 34 Connecting Directly to the Controller In a direct attach connection SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS card with SAS cables The number of direct attached disk drives is limited to four per internal SAS connector For more information about direct attach connections see page 66 1 Install your internal SAS or SATA disk drives following the instructions in your system s documentation Chapter 5 I
85. or SUSE Linux To install the module on Red Hat or SUSE Linux 1 4 5 Insert and mount the RAID Installation CD Red Hat mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom SUSE mount dev cdrom media cdrom Install the module RPM rpm Uvh mount point xxx yyy rpm where mount point is the specific mount point on the Linux system xxx is the driver path and yyy rpmis the rpm file Reboot your computer to ensure the driver loaded correctly Run fdisk mkfs and create mount points for any new disk drives Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing on NetWare Note Before you begin ensure that your NetWare operating system has been upgraded to the minimum patch level specified by Novell Refer to the Novell Web site for more information To install the driver on NetWare 1 2 Nn Oo O RA W Start your computer At the NetWare server console prompt type load hdetect then press Enter if it has not be loaded automatically At the Device types menu select Continue then press Enter At the Device type option select Modify then press Enter Select Storage Adapters then press Enter At the Additional Driver Options menu select Modify then press Enter If aacraid ham has already been detected delete it Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System e 52 10 14 12 13 14 At the Driver Name menu press the Insert key Insert the driver disk press the Insert key then press
86. or is what forms physical links between phys Some SAS connectors can support multiple links The number of links a SAS connector can support is referred to as its width Narrow connectors support a single link wide connectors support up to four links A single SAS device may have one or more connectors A single SAS connector may help form links between more than two SAS devices For instance as shown in the figure on page 34 the 4 wide internal SAS connector forms links with four independent disk drives What do SAS Cables Look Like Internal standard SAS cables are narrower than internal parallel SCSI cables The connectors vary in size depending on the number of links they support from single link connectors to 4 wide or larger connectors Internal fan out cables let you attach four disk drives to a single 4 wide connector Mini SAS connectors support both internal and external SAS connections The mini SAS connectors are smaller than the standard SAS internal and external connectors Mini SAS connectors support single and multilinks with the ability to scale to future speed needs For examples of some internal SAS mini SAS cables and an external SAS mini SAS cables see SAS Cables on page 28 Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 66 How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS In the BIOS and in the management utilities see page 55 disk drives are identified with numbers in this format XX YY ZZ where XX i
87. ore than one controller this switch specifies which controller to change where number is the controller number The default controller number is 0 Note The number assigned to a particular controller depends on the controller s physical PCI slot and the order in which your system scans its PCI slots About Playback Mode In this mode the ACU reads the contents of the specified script file and creates arrays based on the keywords specified in the script The syntax is ACU P lt file gt where file is the name of the script file The file parameter can include a drive directory filename and extension If no drive or directory is specified the file is placed in the same location as the ACU executable Note The script file syntax allows only one hot spare to be assigned to an array Therefore when recording a RAID 10 the ACU can t map hot spares assigned to the individual mirror sets in the resulting script file Instead the ACU creates a single list for all hot spares assigned to the RAID 10 For more information see Method Keyword on page 92 Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 89 About Record Mode Note You can also create a script file manually see the following section In Record Mode the ACU writes a RAID controller s existing array configuration to a specified script file which lets you create the same configuration by running the ACU in Playback Mode P switch with the resultin
88. ost recent version of AFU See www adaptec com for more information Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 99 Creating the Firmware Floppy Disks Note You will need at least two bootable MS DOS floppy disks to complete this task You can t create a bootable floppy disk using Windows 2000 To create the firmware floppy disks 1 Create a bootable MS DOS floppy disk and copy these files to it e AFU exe e Axxxx01 ufi where xxx is the model number of your controller Note Most controller model numbers have a suffix for example Adaptec 4800SAS Check that the ufi file is the correct file for your controller before copying 2 Create additional bootable MS DOS floppy disks and copy each additional Axxxx0x ufi file to a separate floppy disk Some RAID controllers have two UFI files some have four Each goes onto its own floppy disk 3 To use a menu based AFU see the following section To run the AFU from the command line see page 100 Running the Menu based AFU Note You can also run the AFU from the command line see page 100 To run the menu based AFU 1 Shut down your operating system and reboot to DOS from a bootable MS DOS floppy disk or from a DOS partition on a bootable drive You can use a disk drive connected to the controller you are updating 2 At the DOS command prompt type AFU with no arguments The AFU s main menu is displayed 3 Select Select Controllers then select the Adaptec RA
89. ovides data protection and striping improves performance Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For instance an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create two mirrored drive segments of 250 GB for a total of 500 GB for the array as shown in this figure s Drive Segment Size Disk D 1 isk Drive E Smallest Disk Drive Disk Drive 2 EE Disk Drive 1 13 e Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 2 24 a Disk Drive 3 re age Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 2 800 nae Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 10 Logical Drive 500 GB Appendix B Understanding RAID e 73 RAID 5 Arrays A RAID 5 array is built from a minimum of three disk drives and uses data striping and parity data to provide redundancy Parity data provides data protection and striping improves performance Parity data is an error correcting redundancy that s used to re create data if a disk drive fails In RAID 5 arrays parity data represented by Ps in the next figure is striped evenly across the disk drives with the stored data Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array For instance an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can contain 750 GB of stored data and 250 GB of parity data as shown in this figure Drive Segment Size Disk D 1 pe eee Eo Smallest Disk Dri
90. ows how SAS cards SAS and SATA disk drives and expander devices can fit together in a large data storage topology SAS Domain Disk Drives Edge Expander SAS Card Expander Disk Drives Disk Drives Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 68 How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI In summary although SAS and parallel SCSI both use the SCSI command set how they move data from one place to another is very different To support point to point serial data transport SAS introduces new types of connectors cables connection options and terminology Generally speaking SAS is faster and more flexible than parallel SCSI and provides more options for building your storage space SAS lets you mix SAS and SATA disk drives together and lets you connect many many more devices This table describes many of the main differences between the two interfaces Parallel SCSI Serial Attached SCSI Parallel interface Serial interface Maximum speed 320 MB sec shared by all Maximum speed 600 MB sec per phy when in full devices on the bus duplex mode Supports SCSI devices only Supports SATA and SAS disk drives simultaneously Up to 16 devices per SCSI channel More than 128 disk drives per SAS card using an expander see page 67 Supports single port devices only Supports single and dual port devices Uses SCSI IDs to differentiate between Uses unique SAS addresses to differentiate devices connected to the same
91. pense to an authorized Adaptec service facility or to Adaptec Repair or replacement parts or products will be furnished on an exchange basis and will either be new or reconditioned All replaced parts or products shall become the property of Adaptec This warranty shall not apply if the product has been damaged by accident misuse abuse or as a result of unauthorized service or parts Warranty service is available to the purchaser by delivering the product during the warranty period to an authorized Adaptec service facility or to Adaptec and providing proof of purchase price and date The purchaser shall bear all shipping packing and insurance costs and all other costs excluding labor and parts necessary to effectuate repair replacement or refund under this warranty For more information on how to obtain warranty service write or telephone Adaptec at 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas CA 95035 800 959 7274 THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCT WHICH HAS BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE OR AS A RESULT OF UNAUTHORIZED SERVICE OR PARTS THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTIES WHICH NOW OR HEREAFTER MIGHT OTHERWISE ARISE RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON INFRINGEMENT SHALL A HAVE NO GREATER DURATION THAN 3 YEARS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE B TERMINATE AUTOMATICALLY AT THE EXPIRATION OF SUCH PERIOD A
92. ple shows a typical system response after an update A gt AFU UPDATE C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V4 0 0 B5749 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Updating Controller 0 Adaptec 2820 Reading flash image file Build 5749 AFU is about to update firmware on controllers Adaptec Adaptec 2230SLP PLEASE DO NOT REBOOT THE SYSTEM DURING THE UPDATE This might take a few minutes Writing Adaptec Adaptec 2230SLP 4MB Flash Image to controller 0 OK Verifying OK Please restart the computer to allow firmware changes to take effect Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 102 Verify Compares the contents of each of the flash components on a RAID controller to the corresponding image in a UFI file and indicates whether they match After using the VERIFY command you must restart the computer The command syntax for the VERIFY command is as follows AFU VERIFY C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt You can also use the C and D switches See Save on page 100 for more information This example shows a typical system response after a VERIFY command A gt AFU VERIFY C Adaptec Flash Utili c Adaptec Inc 199 Reading flash image Controller 0 Adap 0 ty V4 0 0 B5749 9 2005 All Rights Reserved file Build 5748 tec Adaptec 2820SA ROM Checksum 797B VALID Build 5748 File Checksum 797B VALID Build 5748 Image Compares Correctly Version Displays version inform
93. pter explains how to install your Adaptec RAID controller and how to install and connect internal and external disk drives Chapter 5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives e 32 Before You Begin Read Safety Information on page 104 Familiarize yourself with your Adaptec RAID controller s physical features and the RAID levels that it supports see page 15 Ensure you have the right quantity of disk drives for the RAID level you want to use for your arrays see page 27 Ensure that you have the proper cables for your controller and disk drives see page 28 If you are installing a low profile RAID controller into a low profile computer cabinet replace the original full height bracket with the low profile bracket included in the kit A Caution Handle the controller by its bracket or edges only Installing the Controller This section describes how to install your Adaptec RAID controller into your computer cabinet 1 Turn off your computer and disconnect the power cord Open 4 the cabinet following the manufacturer s instructions Select an available PCI PCle PCI X expansion slot that s compatible with your RAID controller and remove the slot cover as shown at right PCI bus compatibility is marked on the controller figures in About Your RAID Controller on page 15 For the best performance use the fastest available PCI slot that s compatible with your RAID controller A Caution Touch a ground
94. pts To work in the ACU using scripts 1 Insert the ACU floppy disk see page 87 then start or restart your computer The computer boots to the DOS command line 2 Type acu on the command line specify a script file and specify either the P or R switches listed in the following table Don t specify both You may also add one or both of the optional switches Note Command line syntax is not case sensitive Switch Description P lt file gt Playback Mode The ACU reads the contents of the specified script file and creates arrays and configures channel settings based on the keywords defined in the script See page 88 R lt file gt Record Mode The ACU writes a RAID controller s existing array configuration to a specified script file which lets you create the same configuration by running the ACU in playback mode P switch with the resulting script See page 89 L lt file gt Optional Log Filename Switch lIf you include this switch the ACU records its activity and any errors it encounters in the log file If you do not include this switch the ACU displays activity and errors on the screen The file is a standard MS DOS file which can include a drive directory filename and extension Only the filename and extension log are required If no drive or directory is specified the file is placed in the same location as the ACU executable C lt number gt Optional Controller Number Switch In systems with m
95. r RAID Controller on page 15 Terminology Used in this Guide Because you can use your Adaptec RAID controller to manage data storage in a variety of configurations from DAS to NAS to SAN the generic term storage space is used to refer to controller s and disk drives being managed with Adaptec Storage Manager or the other utilities described in this Guide Many of the terms and concepts referred to in this Guide are known to computer users by multiple names This Guide uses these terms e Controller also known as adapter board or card e Disk drive also known as hard disk hard drive or hard disk drive e Enclosure also known as a RAID enclosure storage enclosure or JBOD enclosure e Array also known as a container or logical drive Note In DAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager refers to arrays as logical drives Why Your RAID controller creates arrays which your operating system and Adaptec Storage Manager recognizes as logical drives In NAS environments Adaptec Storage Manager displays both arrays and logical drives For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD How to Find More Information You can find more information about your Adaptec RAID controller and the software and utilities included with it by referring to these documents e Readme txt Includes updated product information and known issues lo
96. r SATA disk drives following the instructions in your systems documentation There are no jumpers or switches to set on the SATA controller or disk drives 2 Connect each disk drive to a SATA port on the controller using a recommended SATA cable For cable information see About Your RAID Controller on page 15 3 When all internal disk drives have been installed and connected close your computer cabinet and reattach the power cord Continue by either setting the boot controller see page 37 or by installing the controller driver on an existing operating system see page 49 depending on the type of installation you are completing Connecting Disk Drives to SCSI RAID Controllers 1 For each controller channel set the SCSI ID of each disk drive to a unique number between 0 and 15 The controller is set to ID 7 by default Although not recommended you can change the controller ID by using the ARC utility see page 78 Note Do not change the controller ID unless absolutely necessary 2 Install a terminator or enable termination on the disk drive at the end of each cable or the end of the cable itself Remove any terminators or disable termination on disk drives between the ends of each cable Install your SCSI disk drives following the instructions in your system s documentation 3 Ifspace inside your computer cabinet is limited connect your disk drives to the SCSI cable before installing them For installation instruct
97. rd To create a RAID 5 array 1 Power on your computer When prompted press Ctrl A to enter the ARC utility Note During boot up if your system has insufficient memory the following message will display Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility will load after system initialization Please wait Or press lt Enter gt Key to attempt loading the utility forcibly Generally not recommended 2 Ifyou have more than one controller of the same model or family in your computer select your controller then press Enter 3 Select Array Configuration Utility then press Enter 4 Select Initialize Drives then press Enter Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array e 39 10 11 12 13 14 Select at least three disk drives for the array press Insert for each selected disk drive then press Enter Caution During initialization all data is deleted from the disk Before continuing back up any data you want to keep Press Y then press Enter The selected disk drives are initialized then the ACU screen appears Select Create Array then press Enter Select the disk drives that were just initialized press Insert for each selected disk drive then press Enter When the Array Properties screen opens follow the instructions in the following table Array Type Select RAID 5 then press Enter Array Label Type a name then press Enter Array Size Press Enter then press Enter again to use the default granularity of GB Stripe Si
98. removing and replacing components To prevent ESD damage e Use an ESD wrist or ankle strap and ensure that it makes skin contact Connect the equipment end of the strap to an unpainted metal surface on the chassis If a wrist strap is not available ground yourself by touching the metal chassis before handling the controller or any other part of the computer e Avoid touching the controller against your clothing The wrist strap protects components from ESD on the body only e Handle the controller by its bracket or edges only Avoid touching the printed circuit board or the connectors e Put the controller down only on an antistatic surface such as the bag supplied in your kit e Ifyou are returning the controller to Adaptec put it back in its antistatic bag immediately Technical Specifications In this appendix Emoronmenmal SOAS oerien Eorna E EA E DG Power Regum eigena aia RE C rrent Reguternme NE ea eE a Appendix G Technical Specifications e 106 Environmental Specifications Ambient temperature without O C to 50 C battery backup module Relative humidity 10 to 90 noncondensing Altitude Up to 3 000 meters Note Forced airflow is recommended but not required DC Power Requirements Ripple and noise 50 mV peak to peak max DC Voltage 5V 5 3 3 V 4 10 Current Requirements Adaptec Model Maximum Current A Adaptec 4000 1 5 A 3 3 VDC 0 75 A 5 0 VDC Adaptec 4800SAS 1 4 A
99. ried VMW BRS ssi enieanieoia iaia a ieai Installing on FreeBSD iciriiriinirrsaineanndnitiaeesnioialvinlelennivieeaendiainwiin te Managing Your Storage Space About Adaptec Storage Manager Installing Adaptec Storage MERDE x n About the Adaptec RAID Controller Coala on Ualio About the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility About the Adaptec Flash Oiility aissis Linear mek Ce er annie bmnRununnnunhe ot Solving Problems Troubleshootine Checklist sn acdanknadnauddvainudimanen ane at SEE A ihc e E A r nae Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure csssesssessssseseeseesees uD Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare svisssssnssusisucnsnsssnsintaratoncsunesues 60 Pi Disk T a Proteaed id a Hot ai m i A AID 0 pee 60 ailisi in y SNUG ARS E eccisssnrsnerrexeeremsersiecinaninsnbenneneniorsinn Resetting the Cree orisirisi Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI beara Used in This Chapter EERE PE fe the SAS Domoa Options sine ileal E E tO D ach Connectigii sssrinin Backplane REIGNS pontine OO SAS Expander Cuniecions E E T How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI eee ee mmm Contents e 9 Understanding RAID Baa ING A N A A T RAID 1 1 Ar aai Sin RAID 1 Eahanced Arrays i RAID ay PI yaaa RARA Sline iel Best RA Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility Tare eG the ARC Vili ceannann S Running the ARC Utility P Navigating the ARC Utili e EEEE AER
100. ructions refer to your computer s documentation Turn on your computer then insert the RAID Installation CD included in your RAID controller kit Follow the on screen instructions to get to the Adaptec Start Menu Click Create Driver Disk s for Installing Updating your OS then select your operating system e Windows e Linux e NetWare e OpenServer e Solaris e UnixWare Note Linux only lf prompted select your operating system and then the version 5 When prompted insert a floppy disk then click OK The system creates the driver disk Remove and label the driver disk Continue with the instructions for your operating system e For Windows see page 51 e For Red Hat or SUSE Linux see page 51 e For NetWare see page 51 e For OpenServer see page 52 e For Solaris see page 52 e For UnixWare see page 53 e For VMWare see page 53 e For FreeBSD see page 53 Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System e 51 Installing on Windows To install the driver on Windows 1 oOo oo fF W N Start or restart Windows The Found New Hardware Wizard opens and searches for the driver Insert the driver disk select Floppy drive then click Next Click Next then click Next again Follow the on screen instructions to complete the driver installation Remove the driver disk and restart your computer Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Installing on Red Hat
101. s the disk drive count number YY is the enclosure number and ZZ is the slot number within the enclosure If the disk drive is not installed in an enclosure a double dashes appear instead of YY and ZZ for instance 01 In parallel SCSI XX is the disk drive s channel number YY is the target number and ZZ is the logical unit number LUN What are the SAS Connection Options You can connect end devices to each other through direct cable connections and through backplane connections When you use one or more expander devices see page 67 you can create large configurations Direct attach Connections In a direct attach connection SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS card with SAS or mini SAS cables One disk drive is attached to one SAS mini SAS connector with one SAS mini SAS cable or multiple disk drives are attached to one SAS mini SAS connector with one fan out cable The figure on page 34 shows an example of direct attach connections The number of direct attached disk drives is limited to the number of phys supported by the SAS card Note that there may be multiple phys within a single connector See page 67 Backplane Connections In a backplane connection disk drives and SAS cards are attached to and communicate with each other through a system backplane The number of end devices is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane For example the Adaptec S50 enclosure which
102. sized RAID 1 arrays stripes and mirrors data across multiple disk drives Redundancy and improved performance see page 72 RAID 50 Array Built from multiple disk drives configured as two or more RAID 5 arrays stripes stored data and parity data across all disk drives see page 75 RAID 6 Array Similar to a RAID 5 array except that it includes two independent sets of parity data instead of one see page 76 RAID 60 Array Similar to a RAID 50 array except that it includes four independent sets of parity data instead of two see page 76 Use the table on page 77 to see how many disk drives you must connect to your RAID controller to support the RAID level you want 1The Adaptec 2420SA RAID controller can support RAID 50 or RAID 60 only when expanders are used to connect more than four disk drives Chapter 4 Getting Started e 27 Selecting Disk Drives When selecting disk drives for your RAID array ensure that all the disk drives have the same performance level You can use different sized disk drives in the array but the array will be limited to the capacity of the smallest and slowest disk drive For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage or online Help Disk Drives for SAS Controllers Your SAS controller supports both SAS and SATA disk drives For cable information see page 28 Disk Drives for SATA Controllers Your SATA controller supports SATA disk
103. stem 9 Reboot your computer then remove the driver disk 10 Repeat Steps 3 through 7 the first time you boot the operating system to load the drivers again for the initial bootup Note Currently Adaptec Storage Manager is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use the ARC utility See page 57 for more information Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System In this chapter Beers 200 Ber saccade scene E A E eet ae reaine 2 Drier Disk octane ee ee Tastallins on NG is scat aclu RERE Gripte linn on Red Haror SUSER Daas ccarr e n av eats R EE E oh ee cr E Mita nn on XenServer sicitpaticactasuucaustgatat Tasal zon UG enai Tastallins on Une Vo aiaia a a a Ea maaline on Y MWA eraren anini R ee eeeaaeer aaa EEE A E E e E A N E E A This chapter explains how to install your Adaptec RAID controller driver Note To install the driver while you re installing an operating system see page 42 Chapter 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System e 50 Before You Begin Before you begin install and connect your Adaptec RAID controller and internal disk drives see page 31 You must also create a driver disk see page 43 before you begin installing the controller driver Creating a Driver Disk Note You will need a floppy disk to complete this task To create a driver disk 1 Set your system BIOS so that your computer boots from the CD drive For inst
104. t www adaptec com Selected models only Low profile bracket Adaptec SAS SATA and SCSI RAID Controllers Quick Start Guide System Requirements PC compatible computer with Intel Pentium or equivalent processor Motherboard with these features e Compliant with PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 2 or later e Support for multifunction devices where one of the devices is a PCI bridge e Large memory mapped address ranges Refer to the Readme file on the RAID installation CD for additional motherboard compatibility information One of these operating systems e Microsoft Windows 2000 Windows Server 2003 Windows XP e Red Hat Linux 3 0 4 0 e SUSE Linux ES 9 0 10 0 Note For the latest on Adaptec s support of Linux or to download driver sources visit the Support area of the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com e Novell NetWare 6 5 e sco OpenServer 6 0 e UnixWare 7 1 4 e Sun Solaris 10 e VMware ESX Server 3 0 driver support only storage management must be done through the ARC utility see page 78 e FreeBSD 5 4 6 0 driver support only storage management must be done through the ARC utility see page 78 Note For up to date operating system version support visit the Adaptec Web Site at www adaptec com From the main menu select Support gt Knowledgebase gt Find Answers Select your controller type and OS support to generate a list of supported operating systems 128 MB or more of RAM
105. te logical drives e Modify and copy configuration settings e Recover from disk drive failures and troubleshoot ARCCONE and the Command Line Interface CLI for Internal RAID Storage User s Reference which describes how to use ARCCONE are included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD Note Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with command line interfaces use ARCCONF Currently ARCCONF is not supported on FreeBSD To create and manage arrays use theARC utility See page 57 for more information Chapter 9 Managing Your Storage Space e 57 About the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility The Adaptec RAID Configuration ARC utility is a BIOS based utility that you can use to create and manage controllers disk drives and other devices and arrays The ARC utility comprises these tools e Array Configuration Utility ACU For creating and managing arrays and initializing and rescanning disk drives ACU for DOS is also available See page 86 e A Select utility SerialSelect SATASelect or SCSISelect for modifying your controller and disk drive settings e Disk Utilities For formatting or verifying disk drives TheARC utility is included in your controller s BIOS For more information see Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility on page 78 Note The ARC utility is primarily intended for preoperating system installation configuration About the Adaptec Flash Utility The Adaptec
106. tem s configuration This is normal Navigating the ARC Utility All the tools within the ARC utility are menu based and instructions for completing tasks appear on screen Menus can be navigated using the arrows Enter Esc and other keys on your keyboard Using the ACU to Create and Manage Arrays To open the ACU start the ARC utility see page 79 If you have more than one controller select your controller then press Enter Select Array Configuration Utility then press Enter Follow the on screen instructions to create and manage arrays and initialize rescan and erase disk drives Creating a New Array To begin creating an array select Create Arrays from the main ACU menu Only disk drives that can be used in a new array are available for selection Disk drives must be initialized before they can be used in an array See Initializing Disk Drives on page 80 for more information Use the Array Properties menu to modify the array s RAID level size name stripe size and caching settings Note For more information about RAID levels and using disk drives to create arrays see Choosing a RAID Level on page 26 Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 80 Managing Existing Arrays To view or modify existing arrays select Manage Arrays from the main ACU menu From the Manage Arrays menu you can e View the properties of an array Note Failed drives are displayed in a different text color e Ma
107. ternal SCSI cable Ensure that you have cables with the proper connectors for your RAID controller One internal SCSI cable is included in the kit Internal SCSI cable Connects to up to seven internal SCSI disk drives and devices a External SCSI cable Connects to an external SCSI disk drive or device Adaptec recommends using only high quality Ultra320 rated cables with multimode terminators for all disk drives that share a channel with Ultra320 disk drives Avoid poor quality cables as they may degrade reliability Do not use cables not rated for Ultra320 operation Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SCSI cables For more information or to purchase cables visit the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com Chapter 4 Getting Started e 30 Installation Options When you install your Adaptec controller you can choose to create a bootable array and then install your operating system and the controller driver on that array Alternatively you can complete a standard installation where the controller driver is installed on an existing operating system Basic Installation Steps This section describes the installation process Follow the steps for the installation option you ve chosen Installing with an Operating System 1 ao A W N Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives see page 31 If your controller has an external connector you can connect external disk drives as well or instead
108. than the maximum number of hot spares allowed for the specified array 14 Insufficient memory to run the application 15 Incorrect controller number 16 Controller not responding 17 Build Verify Clear failed 100 You ran ACU and made changes The ACU exited with no errors Success and you must restart the computer Appendix D Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS e 95 Sample Scripts This MS DOS command invokes the ACU and creates arrays on controller 1 based on the array keywords defined in the script file A RAID ACU It also configures Channel 0 and saves a log of the operation in the log file C RAID LOG A gt ACU P A RAID ACU L C RAID LOG C1 Sample Scripts for SCSI and SAS Controllers Note For a sample script for a SATA controller see page 96 This sample script file is a sample RAID ACU script as referred to in the ACU command above This script creates these arrays a 500 MB single disk volume and a 2 GB two disk drive RAID 1 with a hot spare Script to create volume mirror and RAID 5 arrays Create a 500MB volume labeled MySystem Array MySystem Type Volume Size 500MB Drives 0 0 0 End Create a 2GB mirror labeled MyMirror Array MyMirror Type RAID1 Size 2GB Use drives 1 and 2 Drives 0 1 0 0 2 0 Disable write cache WriteCache No Assign 1 spare drive Hot spareDrives 0 3 0 End This sample script file creates a maximum size three disk drive RAID
109. tility to change the setting 2 Atthe DOS command type AFU followed by a command see page 100 and any switches you want Note To find a controller number type AFU LIST then press Enter The AFU processes the command prompts you to insert additional floppy disks as needed exits and reports either success or an error message code To update a RAID controller s flash using the command line see page 103 AFU Commands This section lists the available AFU commands List Displays the AFU supported RAID controllers installed on your computer Also displays the ID numbers assigned to each controller You don t have to restart the computer after completing this command This example shows a typical system response to a LIST command A gt AFU LIST Adaptec Flash Utility V4 0 0 B5749 c Adaptec Inc 1999 2005 All Rights Reserved Controllers Detected and Recognized Controller 0 03 05 00 Adaptec Adaptec 2230SLP Save Saves the contents of a RAID controller s flash in a UFI file The name of the UFI file is based on the controller type and can t be changed You must restart the computer following a SAVE command The command syntax for the SAVE command is AFU SAVE C lt Controller ID gt D lt UFI File Path gt Appendix E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility e 101 These switches are available C lt Controller ID gt One or more RAID controller IDs representing the set of RAID controllers o
110. u to monitor the status of your SAS SATA or SCSI disk drives Within Adaptec Storage Manager you can select a disk drive object and a command will be sent to the backplane for internal disk drives or enclosure for external disk drives The LED associated with that disk drive will flash The following table describes the LED flash states For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager Help Controller Device State Slot State LED Flash State Failed Device is faulty On Rebuilding Device is rebuilding Slow flash Blink Identify the device Fast flash Other No error Off Creating a Bootable Array In this chapter Dea Ne Boor ett let asics cncesaseresetronenne E 38 ROARS aT Arra rain a N A R EAE 38 Making Tour Array Bogie anana Rn RARR 41 This chapter explains how to set your Adaptec controller to be the boot controller and how to create a bootable array Note If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system you don t have to complete this task Skip to Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 49 Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array e 38 Setting the Boot Controller Note If your system won t contain more than one bootable controller skip to the next section Creating an Array Your Adaptec RAID controller supports bootable disk drives and bootable arrays To enable your system to boot from either a disk drive or an array connected to your contro
111. ve Disk Drive 2 Eo i Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive RAID 5 Logical Drive 750 GB plus Parity Appendix B Understanding RAID e 74 RAID 5EE Arrays A RAID 5EE array also known as a hot space is similar to a RAID 5 array except that it includes a distributed spare drive and must be built from a minimum of four disk drives Unlike a hot spare a distributed spare is striped evenly across the disk drives with the stored data and parity data and can t be shared with other logical disk drives A distributed spare improves the speed at which the array is rebuilt following a disk drive failure A RAID 5EE array protects your data and increases read and write speeds However capacity is reduced by two disk drives worth of space which is for parity data and spare data In this figure S represents the distributed spare P represents the distributed parity data Drive Segment Size Disk Drive 1 E Smallest Disk Drive Disk Drive 2 we C gt Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drive 4 400 GB Disk Drive 4 Unused Space 150 GB Disk Drives in Logical Drive Based on the drive segment sizes used RAID 5EE Logical Drive 500 GB plus parity and hot spare Appendix B Understanding RAID e 75 RA
112. with SAF TE enclosure management hardware SAS RAID controllers only Support for disk drive enclosures with SES2 enclosure management hardware Some RAID controllers support adding a battery backup module see page 17 Array level Features Note For more information refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User s Guide for Internal RAID Storage or online Help Support for RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 5 RAID 10 RAID 501 simple volumes and spanned volumes Support for hot spares global and dedicated Support for automatic failover so arrays are automatically rebuilt when a failed disk drive is replaced applies to redundant arrays in SES2 or SAF TE enabled disk drive enclosures only Optimized disk utilization which ensures that the full capacity of all disk drives can be used even if the disk drives vary in size Online capacity expansion so you can increase the capacity of an array without recreating it Support for array migration from one RAID level to another Advanced Data Protection Suite Copyback Hot Spare You can use this feature to move data from a hot spare back to its original location after a failed disk drive is replaced Striped Mirror RAID 1E A RAID 1 Enhanced array is similar to a RAID 1 array except that data is both mirrored and striped and more disk drives can be included Hot Space RAID 5EE A RAID 5EE array is similar to a RAID 5 array except that it includes a distributed spare and must be built fro
113. xternal SAS enclosure 1 di External mini SAS SFF 8088 to SFF 8470 Connects lt SS B to an external SAS enclosure OF J Internal cable SFF 8484 Connects to a backplane Internal fan out cable SFF 8484 to 4x SATA Connects to four internal SATA disk drives SAS to SAS fan out cables not shown are also available Internal mini SAS with power SFF 8087 to SFF 8482 Connects to four SAS or SATA disk drives Chapter 4 Getting Started e 29 Internal mini SAS to SATA fan out SFF 8087 to 4x SATA Connects to four SATA disk drives Cable connectors are keyed so that you can t insert them incorrectly Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SAS cables For more information or to purchase cables visit the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com SATA Cables You need one straight connector to straight connector SATA cable for each disk drive you are connecting to your Adaptec SATA RAID controller SATA cables are included in the kit All SATA straight connector to straight connector cables have the same connectors as shown in the following figure and the connectors are keyed so that you can t insert them incorrectly eK N Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SATA cables For more information or to purchase cables visit the Adaptec Web site at www adaptec com SCSI Cables Depending on your requirements you may need one or two internal cables You may also need one ex
114. you can use to create and manage controllers disk drives and other devices and arrays Note Adaptec recommends that only advanced users familiar with working in a computer BIOS use the ARC utility tools For more information see Managing Your Storage Space on page 55 Appendix C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility e 79 Introduction to the ARC Utility The ARC utility comprises these tools e The Array Configuration Utility ACU For creating and managing arrays and initializing and rescanning disk drives see page 79 Note Also available ACU for DOS See page 86 e A Select Utility SerialSelect SATASelect or SCSISelect for modifying your controller and disk drive settings see page 81 e Disk Utilities For formatting or verifying disk drives see page 85 Running the ARC Utility If your Adaptec controller is connected to a RAID enclosure power on your enclosure or enclosures before you power on your computer Start or restart your computer When prompted press Ctrl A During boot up if your system has insufficient memory the following message will display Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility will load after system initialization Please wait Or press lt Enter gt Key to attempt loading the utility forcibly Generally not recommended Note The first time you power on your computer after you install a new controller the BIOS may display a configuration that doesn t match your sys
115. ypically support up to 128 end devices and can communicate with both SAS and SATA devices You can add 128 end devices or even more with the use of SAS expanders See page 67 Note Although you can use both SAS and SATA disk drives in the same SAS domain see page 67 Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same array or logical drive The difference in performance between the two types of disk drives may adversely affect the performance of the array Data can move in both directions simultaneously across a SAS connection called a link see page 64 Link speed is 600 MB sec in full duplex mode A SAS card with eight links has a maximum bandwidth of 4800 MB sec in full duplex mode Although they share the SCSI command set SAS is conceptually different from parallel SCSI physically and has its own types of connectors cables connection options and terminology as described in the rest of this chapter To compare SAS to parallel SCSI see How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI on page 68 Appendix A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI e 64 How Do SAS Devices Communicate SAS devices communicate with each other through links A link is a physical connection between two phys As shown in the following figure SAS devices contain ports see page 65 ports contain phys and each phy contains one transmitter and one receiver one transceiver A phy can belong to one port only
116. ze Press Enter to use the default 256 KB Read Caching Press Enter to use the default Yes Write Caching Press Enter to use the default Enable always Create RAID via Press Enter to use the default Build Verify Done Press Enter When a cache warning message displays type Y Once the array is created a message displays telling you that the array can now be used Press any key to return to the ACU Menu You can start using the array immediately However performance is reduced until the build process is complete Press Esc until the Exit utility window appears Select Yes then press Enter The computer restarts Continue with Making Your Array Bootable on page 41 Chapter 6 Creating a Bootable Array e 40 Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager This section describes how to use the Adaptec Storage Manager configuration wizard to builda RAID 5 array Note You will need the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD to complete this task To create a RAID 5 array 1 Insert the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD into your CD drive then restart your computer 2 When prompted select the language you want then press Enter 3 Review the license information then press Enter The main menu opens 4 Click Launch Configuration Utility Adaptec Storage Manager opens 5 Click Create File View Remote Actions Help The Configuration wizard opens The Configuration wizard guides you throu

Adaptec SAS/SATA/SCSI RAID Controllers User's Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents