3D Connexion OL-12491-01 Owner's Manual
Contents
1. CHAPTER 2 Getting Started This chapter contains the following sections e Using MRTG and RRDTool for Real Time SNMP Monitoring 2 1 e Web Server Configuration 2 2 e Using the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility 2 3 e Installing the RTMCMD Utility and the RTM Report Templates 2 4 Using MRTG and RRDTool for Real Time SNMP Monitoring Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 OL 12491 01 To produce graphics to monitor your network in real time using MRTG and RRDTool follow these general steps Install MRTG requires Perl installation and RRDTool Install Cron or any other scheduling service Install a web server Configure the web server to allow CGI script execution and directories automatic listings See Web Server Configuration on page 2 2 Create the RTM directory under the web server web documents directory tree See The RTM Directory on page 1 6 For each SCE device that you want to monitor create the necessary CFG and CGI files The CFG and CGI files reflect the service configuration applied to the monitored SCE devices Cisco Service Control provides a utility to automatically create the files necessary to produce a range of pre defined reports see Using the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility on page 2 3 and The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility on page 3 1 Install the MRTG CFG and Report CGI files on the RTM setup Configure the cron job2. California USA at 408 526 7208 or in North America by calling 800 553 NETS 6387 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Preface E Obtaining Technical Assistance Documentation Feedback If you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web you can submit technical comments electronically Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation After you complete the form click Submit to send it to Cisco You can e mail your comments to bug doc cisco com To submit your comments by mail use the response card behind the front cover of your document or write to the following address Attn Document Resource Connection Cisco Systems Inc 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose CA 95134 9883 We appreciate your comments Obtaining Technical Assistance Cisco provides Cisco com on page vi as a starting point for all technical assistance Customers and partners can obtain documentation troubleshooting tips and sample configurations from online tools For Cisco com registered users additional troubleshooting tools are available from the TAC website Cisco com Cisco com is the foundation of a suite of interactive networked services that provides immediate open access to Cisco information and resources at any time from anywhere in the world This highly integrated Internet application is a powerful easy to use tool for doing business with Cisco Cisco com provides a broad ra
3. FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILTY TO USE THIS MANUAL EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES CCSP the Cisco logo and the Cisco Square Bridge logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems Inc Changing the Way We Work Live Play and Learn is a service mark of Cisco Systems Inc and Access Registrar Aironet ASIST BPX Catalyst CCDA CCDP CCIE CCIP CCNA CCNP CCSP Cisco the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo Cisco IOS Cisco Press Cisco Systems Cisco Systems Capital the Cisco Systems logo Cisco Unity Enterprise Solver EtherChannel EtherFast EtherSwitch Fast Step Follow Me Browsing FormShare GigaDrive GigaStack HomeLink Internet Quotient IOS IP TV iQ Expertise the iQ logo iQ Net Readiness Scorecard iQuick Study LightStream Linksys MeetingPlace MGX Networking Academy Network Registrar Packet PIX ProConnect RateMUX ScriptShare SlideCast SMARTnet StackWise The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems Inc and or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company 06
4. following diagram illustrates the components of a real time SNMP monitoring system in action Figure 1 1 Components of a Real Time SNMP Monitoring System SCE PLATFORM Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 1 Overview Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports E References Refer to the following links for RTM software components documentation and download e PyCron for windows setups hitp www kalab com freeware pycron pycron htm ActivePerl for running MRTG hitp www activestate com Products ActivePerl e Apache Web Server http httpd apache org download cgi Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports MRTG and RRDTool each require configuration files containing the information necessary for creating the reports such as the OIDs of the relevant SNMP counters To simplify the process of creating and maintaining MRTG configuration files and RRDTool CGI report files Cisco SCA BB provides the following Aset of templates for creating MRTG CFG files and RRDTool CGI files that implement pre defined reports based on SCE and SCA BB MIBs These templates cannot be used as is and must first be processed to reflect the specific Service Configuration to be monitored e A software tool rtmemd that processes the templates into CFG and CGI files according to the specified SCA BB Service Configuration and SCE platform hostname or IP address The following table lists t
5. 09R Printed in the USA on recycled paper containing 10 postconsumer waste Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Copyright 2002 2006 Cisco Systems Inc All rights reserved Preface iii Document Revision History iii Audience iii Organization iii Related Documentation iv Conventions iv Obtaining Documentation v World Wide Web v Documentation CD ROM v Ordering Documentation v Documentation Feedback vi Obtaining Technical Assistance vi Cisco com vi Technical Assistance Center vi Overview 1 1 What are MRTG and RRDTool 1 1 References 1 1 Components of SNMP RTM with MRTG and RRDTool 1 2 References 1 3 Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports 1 3 Reports 1 4 SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup 1 5 The RTM Directory 1 6 Getting Started 2 1 Using MRTG and RRDTool for Real Time SNMP Monitoring 2 1 Web Server Configuration 2 2 Apache Web Server Configuration 2 2 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 is Contents Using the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility 2 3 Installing the RTMCMD Utility and the RTM Report Templates 2 4 Installing the Java Runtime Environment 2 4 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility 3 1 The rtmcemd Utility 3 2 rtmcmd Utility Examples 3 3 The User Configuration File 3 3 rtmcmd User Configuration File Example 3 4 User Configuration File Format 3 4 Files and Directories 3 4 Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by
6. 11 106 12 file servicecfg pqb source dir rtm templates dest dir rtm output c rtmemd cfg Create report and configuration files for the specified SCE platforms Retrieve a Service Configuration file from the specified SCE rtmemd S 63 111 106 7 63 111 106 12 U user123 P pqb sce 63 111 106 7 source dir rtm templates dest dir rtm output c rtmemd cfg The User Configuration File The user configuration file contains user specific information required by the rtmemd utility The SCA BB utilities distribution package contains a sample configuration file named rtmcemd cfg You should edit this file according to the details of your setup The following table lists the configuration parameters that should be present in the user configuration file Table 3 3 User Configuration File Parameters Parameter Description Default Value Required Optional rrdtool_bin_dir An absolute path to the directory where rrdtool and Required rrdcgi binary files are installed rtm_dir An absolute path to the directory where RRD Required archives and CGI files are stored This is under the web server web directory mrtg_bin_dir An absolute path to the directory where MRTG Required binary files are installed This location will be used to create MRTG invocation commands in the crontab sample file snmpCommunityString The SNMP community string to use when accessing Public Required the SCE platforms Cisco SCA BB SNMP
7. 2 Mbps 42 42 Mbps E p2p 36 10 Mbps 17 62 Mbps 13 52 Mbps B sip 1 26 Mbps 0 50 Mbps 0 91 Mbps 8323 0 75 Mbps 0 09 Mbps 0 05 Mbps E Streaming 42 17 Mbps 19 36 Mbps 17 12 Mbps E Skinny 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps DingoTel 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps E eDonkey eMule 2 26 Mbps 5 54 Mbps 6 09 Mbps B kazaa 2 60 Mbps 0 24 Mbps 0 20 Mbps E Bittorrent 93 51 Mbps 71 07 Mbps 59 91 Mbps E Commercial File Sharing 12 47 Mbps 1 24 Mbps 0 74 Mbps E inny 0 02 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps Gnutella 62 06 Mbps 36 37 Mbps 24 20 Mbps D WinMx 1 22 Mbps 0 72 Mbps 0 27 Mbps E Vonage 0 05 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps E Skype 4 05 Mbps 1 72 Mbps 1 12 Mbps Instant Messaging 5 42 Mbps 1 93 Mbps 2 13 Mbps E Gaming 15 41 Mbps 2 97 Mbps 1 20 Mbps Net Admin 0 36 Mbps 0 20 Mbps 0 23 Mbps WM voip 19 04 Mbps 2 09 Mbps 11 70 Mbps E Tunneling 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps E Yahoo Messenger VoIP 0 03 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps E Generic Upload Download 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps 0 00 Mbps SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup An RTM setup requires the installation of the components described in Components of SNMP RTM with MRTG and RRDTool on page 1 2 and can be set up on either Windows or Unix Linux servers The Getting Started on page 2 1 section provides a step by step description how to set up a SCA BB RTM system SCA BB RTM system requires MRTG version 2 14 and RRDTool version 1 2 Consult the MRTG web site for the exact required Perl version Cisco has tested SCA BB
8. B SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Chapter1 Overview B Components of SNMP RTM with MRTG and RRDTool Components of SNMP RTM with MRTG and RRDTool Following are the components of an MRTG RRDTool monitoring system MRTG is a script that collects SNMP data from monitored devices It monitors SNMP network devices and stores the retrieved data in a database It is written in Perl and works on Unix Linux and Windows MRTG is free software licensed under the Gnu GPL It requires the following e Perl e RRDTool to persist data and to generate high quality graphs The MRTG CFG file lists the SNMP OIDs of the SNMP counters that MRTG should poll e RRDTool stores data and generates charts RRDTool uses Round Robin Database to store time series data and generates charts using this data RRDTool is a free software licensed under the Gnu GPL It requires the following e A web server to delegate user requests to the RRDTool s CGI interpreter RRDTool CGI files implement the report web pages These files are executable scripts residing on the web server When you request a report web page RRDTool executes the script and dynamically creates the updated chart e Cron or any other scheduling service periodically invokes MRTG to poll SNMP counters from monitored devices Apache or any other web server serves the charts to the user web browser e Cisco Service Control platforms support MIBs counters that are monitored by MRTG The
9. Cisco SYSTEMS Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Release 3 0 5 OL 12491 01 Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems Inc 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose CA 95134 1706 USA http www cisco com Tel 408 526 4000 800 553 NETS 6387 Fax 408 526 4100 Customer Order Number DOC OL 12491 01 Text Part Number OL 12491 01 THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE ALL STATEMENTS INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS OR IMPLIED USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY The following information is for FCC compliance of Class A devices This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the i
10. E environment variable to point to the JRE 1 4 installation directory For example JAVA_HOME C Program Files Java j2re1 4 2_08 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 OL 12491 01 CHAPTER 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility This chapter contains the following sections e The rtmcmd Utility 3 2 e The User Configuration File 3 3 e User Configuration File Format 3 4 e Files and Directories 3 4 e Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRDTool The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility ctmemd is a Cisco Service Control software tool for processing the SCA BB report templates into the appropriate CFG and CGI files rtmemd is e A Java command line utility Based on the SCA BB Service Configuration Java API e Can be used on both Windows and Linux platforms provided with appropriate shell scripts e Compatible with SCA BB release 3 0 5 and above The resulting CFG files are compatible with the SCA BB and SCE MIBs of releases 3 0 5 and above The utility expects the following arguments e The current Service Configuration from either of these sources e A specified PQB file A specified SCE platform from which to retrieve the Service Configuration Using this option requires you to specify a username and password e The IP address or host name of the SCE platform from which SNMP data is collected The directory location of the report templates The target dir
11. Error Message when Viewing a Report Problem Apparent Error Message viewing a report returns with an error message Error opening lt RRD archive name gt rrd No such file or directory Cause and Solution MRTG did not create RRD DB files Verify that your lt RTM Folder gt sce_ lt SCE IP gt does not contain rrd files There are two possible reasons that MRTG did not create the RRD DB files 1 MRTG execution failed and you should check the following settings are correct a Verify the SCE is accessible e g ping b Verify the SCE SNMP agent is enabled c Verify the SCE community string is configured correctly in the RTM user configuration file d Verify the RTM directory is configured correctly in the user configuration file The path cannot contain white space Note Use slash or as the path delimiter e Verify the RRDTool bin directory is configured correctly in the user configuration file Note Use slash or as the path delimiter f Run MRTG from a command prompt and verify that it completes with no errors perl lt MRTG bin folder gt mrtg lt RTM folder gt mrtg cfg lt SCE address gt _scabb_mrtg cfg Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting A Error Message when Viewing a Report 2 Cron did not invoke MRTG a Verify Cron is configured correctly Check the MRTG invocation command for the specific SCE platform is correct b If u
12. MRTG and RRDTool 3 5 First Installation 3 5 Files Update 3 6 Troubleshooting 4 1 Error Message when Viewing a Report 4 1 Reports Missing Data 4 3 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Preface This preface describes who should read the Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide how it is organized and its document conventions Document Revision History Cisco Service Center Release Publication Date Release 3 0 5 OL 12491 01 November 2006 DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES Created the Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Audience This guide is for experienced network administrators who are using Cisco Service Control and the SCA BB application to monitor and control their network Organization The major sections of this guide are as follows Chapter Description Chapter 1 Overview on page l 1 Provides an overview of MRTG and RRDTool and how they are used to monitor a Cisco Service Control network Chapter 2 Getting Started on page 2 1 Explains the general procedure for real time SNMP monitoring and also the general procedure for using the Cisco SCA BB real time monitoring configuration utility Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Explains specific procedures for using the Cisco SCA Configuration Utility on page BB real time monitoring configuration utility 3 1 rtmemd Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Preface ine Relate
13. RTM systems on the following setups e Windows 2000 XP using Apache v2 2 and PyCron v0 5 e Linux Red Hat 3 and Red Hat 4 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter1 Overview E SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup The RTM Directory To view a report RTM users browse to a URL mapped to a designated directory on their web server This designated directory is referred to as the RTM directory Users are required to create the RTM directory under the web server web documents directory tree for example when using an Apache web server on a Windows system the RTM directory might be located at C PROGRA 1 APACHE 1 Apache2 2 htdocs rtm Upon completion of an RTM setup installation see Getting Started on page 2 1 the SCA BB RTM directory contains the following sub directories and files e An mrtg cfg folder containing an MRTG CFG file for each monitored SCE platform The CFG file names have the following pattern lt SCE IP Host name gt _scabb_mrtg cfg e A directory for each SCE named sce_ lt SCE IP Host name gt These directories contain the Report CGI files and the RRDTool archives after the first invocation of MRTG Astatic folder containing common invariant files such as CSS and image files A htaccegs file Apache web server only This file is used to exclude files or folders from the automatic listings of the RTM directory Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01
14. Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility E User Configuration File Format rimcmd User Configuration File Example The following is an example rtmemd user configuration file The absolute path to the RRD tool s execution files folder Use or as path separator rrdtool_bin_dir C rrdtool 1 2 15 rrdtool Release The absolute path where RIM files will be placed This path will be used by MRTG to create and update the RRD files Note path must not contain white spaces rtm_dir C PROGRA 1 APACHE 1 Apache2 2 htdocs The absolute path to the MRTG bin folder This path will be used to create file crontab txt mrtg_bin_dir C mrtg 2 14 5 bin he SCE s community string snmpCommunityString public User Configuration File Format The configuration text file is a listing of key value pairs where the key is one of the parameters listed in the User Configuration File on page 3 3 section in the following format e Each key value pair is on a separate line e A key value pair may be extended across several adjacent lines by putting a backslash character at the end of each line e To use an actual backslash in the value as in directory names on Windows the backslash should be escaped with another backslash like this or a slash can be used instead To comment a line add or at the beginning of the line For exampl
15. a line of code indicates a comment line x Note Means reader take note Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not covered in this manual Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Preface Obtaining Documentation E Obtaining Documentation The following sections provide sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems World Wide Web You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at the following Sites hAttp www cisco com hAttp www china cisco com hAttp www europe cisco com Documentation CD ROM Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a CD ROM package that ships with your product The Documentation CD ROM is updated monthly and may be more current than printed documentation The CD ROM package is available as a single unit or as an annual subscription Ordering Documentation Cisco documentation is available in the following ways e Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco Product documentation from the networking Products MarketPlace http www cisco com cgi bin order order_root pl e Registered Cisco com users can order the Documentation CD ROM through the online Subscription Store http www cisco com pc gi bin marketplace welcome pl Nonregistered Cisco com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco corporate headquarters
16. al time monitoring solution which is implemented using MRTG and a Round Robin Database RRDTool The SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility rtmemd is a command line utility CLU for automating the production of the files required by the MRTG tool This chapter contains the following sections e What are MRTG and RRDTool 1 1 e Components of SNMP RTM with MRTG and RRDTool 1 2 e Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports 1 3 e SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup 1 5 Whatare MRTG and RRDTool References OL 12491 01 The Multi Router Traffic Grapher MRTG is a tool that monitors the traffic load on network links by monitoring specified SNMP counters It generates HTML pages containing images that provide real time visual representation of this traffic allowing the user to see traffic load on a network over time in graphical form The SCE platform running the SCA BB application provides numerous SNMP counters that can be used to produce reports Round Robin Database Tool RRDTool stores and displays time series data The data is stored in a round robin database so that the system storage footprint remains constant over time This tool is used in conjunction with MRTG to produce higher quality graphics Refer to the following links for MRTG and RRDTool documentation and download MRTG web page http www mrtg org http www mrtg org e RRDTool web page hitp www rrdtool org http www rrdtool org Cisco SCA B
17. cified Hostname or IP addresses of the SCE platform from which the Service Configuration should be retrieved pqb sce lt SCE address gt username lt username gt Required if an SCE to retrieve from is specified Username for connecting to the SCE platform to retrieve the Service Configuration Required if username is specified Password for connecting to the SCE platform to retrieve the Service Configuration password lt password gt source dir lt dir gt Required Template files location dest dir lt dir gt Required Target directory where the processed templates should be stored O i 1 1 1 Required The user configuration file see The User Configuration File on page 3 3 config file lt file gt Additional operations can be invoked to display information about the Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility using the following syntax rtmemd lt operation gt Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility The User Configuration File E The following table lists these additional rtmemd operations Table 3 2 rtmcmd Operations Operation Description version Display RTMCMD version help Display RTMCMD help rimcmd Utility Examples Create report and configuration files for the specified SCE platforms Load the Service Configuration file from a local file rtmcemd sce 63 111 106 7 63 1
18. d Documentation Chapter 4 Penbtenereg on paged oe error messages and possible causes of the Related Documentation The following publications are available for the Cisco Service Control Application for Broadband Cisco Service Control Application for Broadband User Guide Cisco Service Control Application for Broadband Reference Guide Cisco Service Control Application for Broadband Service Configuration API Programmer Guide Conventions This document uses the following conventions Convention Description boldface font Commands and keywords are in boldface italic font Arguments for which you supply values are in italics Elements in square brackets are optional xlylz Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars xlylz Optional alternative keywords are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars string A nonquoted set of characters Do not use quotation marks around the string or the string will include the quotation marks screen font Terminal sessions and information that the system displays are in screen font boldface screen font Information you must enter is in boldface screen font italic screen font Arguments for which you supply values are in italic screen font lt gt Nonprinting characters such as passwords are in angle brackets Default responses to system prompts are in square brackets 1 An exclamation point or a pound sign at the beginning of
19. e This is a comment line Directory names should uses escape backslashes rtm_dir D PROGRA 1 APACHE 1 Apache2 2 htdocs Files and Directories The real time monitoring process requires that you specify a number of files and directories Following is a brief summary of all relevant files and directories and where you must specify them User configuration file e rrdtool_bin_dir Directory where MRTG and the web server will find the RRDTool binary files Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRDTool E e rtm_dir The RTM directory is where MRTG will create and update the RRDTool archive files It is recommended that the target directory provided to the rtmemd will be different to the RTM directory After rtmcmd completes the templates processing you will be required to copy the CFG and CGI files to the RTM directory see nstalling the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRD on page 3 5 See also SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup on page 1 5 mrtg_bin_dir The location where MRTG binary files are installed This location is used to create the MRTG invocation commands written to the crontab sample file e xrtmemd e source directory The location where rtmemd will find the report templates destination directory The location where rtmcmd will save the CFG a
20. ectory where the resulting CFG and CGI files should be saved This is a temporary target location The location of the user configuration file containing the information required for processing the report templates Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility E The rtmemd Utility The utility compiles the templates and the PQB file into the actual CFG and CGI files required by MRTG and RRDTool and stores the results in the specified target directory The rimcmd Utility The command line syntax of the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility is rtmemd sce lt SCE addresses gt file lt PQB filename gt pqb sce lt SCE address gt username lt username gt password lt password gt source dir lt dir gt dest dir lt dir gt config file lt file gt The following table lists the rtmcmd options Table 3 1 rtmcmd Options Option Abbreviation Description if applicable sce lt SCE IP addresses gt Required IP addresses of one or more SCE platforms from which SNMP data is collected Each IP address must be a valid SCE platform IP address or SCE hostname Enclose multiple addresses in quotation marks separated by a semicolon For example sce 10 1 2 3 10 1 2 4 10 1 2 5 file lt PQB filename gt Required if an SCE to retrieve from is not specified The PQB file to use Required if a PQB file is not spe
21. evices If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures e Turn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops e Move the equipment to one side or the other of the television or radio e Move the equipment farther away from the television or radio e Plug the equipment into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio That is make certain the equipment and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by different circuit breakers or fuses Modifications to this product not authorized by Cisco Systems Inc could void the FCC approval and negate your authority to operate the product The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California Berkeley UCB as part of UCB s public domain version of the UNIX operating system All rights reserved Copyright 1981 Regents of the University of California NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS CISCO AND THE ABOVE NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE
22. he available Cisco Service Control pre defined SNMP based reports Table 1 1 Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports Report Title SCA BB Reports 1 Link 1 Global Downstream BW per Service Link 1 Global Upstream BW per Service Link 2 Global Downstream BW per Service Link 2 Global Upstream BW per Service Total Global Downstream BW per Service 2 3 4 5 6 Total Global Upstream BW per Service 7 Global Active Subscribers per Service 8 Global Concurrent Sessions per Service 9 Global Concurrent Voice Calls SCE Operational Reports 10 Log Counters 11 Active Flows per Traffic Processor 12 Traffic Processors Average Utilization 13 Flow Open Rate per Traffic Processor 14 Packets Rate per Traffic Processor Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter1 Overview E Pre defined SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Reports Reports 15 Subscriber Counters 16 RDR Counters 17 Downstream Bandwidth per TX Queue 18 Upstream Bandwidth per TX Queue Note the following general information regarding charts e Each report is actually made of the following four charts representing different time scales These charts are based on the round robin archives for each SNMP counter the archives are created by MRTG e Daily 5 minute average e Weekly 30 minute average e Monthly 2 hour average e Yearly 1 day average The legend items for each graph item including the total item include t
23. he following information for each item e Average value Maximum value Current value e The data in each chart is a series of average values a series of 5 minute average values for the daily chart 30 minute average for the weekly chart and so on e Maximum value items do not show the actual highest value of the monitored counter in each period but rather the highest average value in the series which is likely to be lower than the actual maximum value e The colors of the chart items are taken from a pre defined non configurable set of colors Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 1 Overview SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Setup E The following diagram shows a report example Figure 1 2 Sample Graph SCE 10 10 10 10 Total Global Downstream BW per Service Created Mon Nov 06 17 59 33 2006 Refreshed every 5 minutes Daily Graph 5 Minute Average H G u soon n H a 400m n d 20u a o 06 00 12 00 18 00 00 00 06 00 Maximum Average Current E Total 632 56 Mbps 400 99 Mbps 352 54 Mbps Default Service 2 26 Mbps 1 44 Mbps 1 31 Mbps FTP 15 52 Mbps 4 52 Mbps 7 19 Mbps Browsing 243 42 Mbps 130 50 Mbps 102 49 Mbps E Mail 7 20 Mbps 2 12 Mbps 2 29 Mbps E mccp 13 26 Mbps 5 19 Mbps 7 27 Mbps E Generic TCP 22 32 Mbps 54 50 Mbps 43 52 Mbps Generic UDP 16 75 Mbps 2 21 Mbps 2 41 Mbps E Generic IP 2 41 Mbps 0 33 Mbps 1 22 Mbps Newsgroups 69 29 Mbps 25 1
24. ility is used to create an updated set of MRTG configuration files and report CGI files when Adding a new SCE device to the RTM setup Achange in the Service Configuration applied to some SCE devices should be reflected in the reports To update your RTM directory perform the following steps Copy the newly created MRTG CFG files from the mrtg cfg directory in the rtmcmd target directory to the mrtg cfg directory within the RTM directory The RTM directory is the same location as specified by the rtm_dir property in the user configuration file Add a Cron task that invokes MRTG periodically every 5 minutes on these CFG files by adding a task line to the crontab file This operation is described in detail in Step 2 of the First Installation on page 3 5 section Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 i Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRDTool E Step 3 Update the report CGI files Copy the updated CGI files from the SCE folder created in the rtmcmd target directory to the appropriate directory in the RTM directory You can copy the entire SCE folder if this SCE device has not been monitored before Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 CHAPTER 4 Troubleshooting This chapter contains the following sections e Error Message when Viewing a Report 4 1 e Reports Missing Data 4 3
25. indows lt user folder gt p cube servconf log Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter 2 Getting Started E Installing the RTMCMD Utility and the RTM Report Templates Step 5 Install these CFG and CGI files into your RTM setup see nstalling the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRD on page 3 5 Installing the RTMCMD Utlity and the RTM Report Templates To install the SCA BB rtmcmd utility and RTM report templates complete the following steps Step 1 Locate the file scas_bb util tgz located in the SCA BB distribution zip file and copy it to a Windows or Linux workstation Step 2 Unpack the file to a new folder The SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility rtmemd is located under the bin folder Step 3 Locate the file scasbb_rtm_templates zip located in the SCA BB distribution zip file and copy it to a Windows or Linux workstation Step 4 Unpack the file to a new folder Installing the J ava Runtime Environment rtmemd requires Java Runtime Environment JRE version 1 4 or 1 5 The JRE can be downloaded from the Sun website at http java sun com j2se 1 4 2 download html To verify that the JRE is installed run java version from the command prompt the Java version should start with 1 4 or 1 5 If a different version of JRE is also installed on the workstation you may need to tell servconf where to find the appropriate JRE by setting the JAVA_HOM
26. ired but most business operations continue e P4 You need information or assistance on Cisco product capabilities product installation or basic product configuration In each of the above cases use the Cisco TAC website to quickly find answers to your questions To register for Cisco com on page vi go to http tools cisco con RPF register register do If you cannot resolve your technical issue by using the TAC online resources Cisco com registered users can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at http www cisco com tac caseopen Contacting TAC by Telephone If you have a priority level 1 P1 or priority level 2 P2 problem contact TAC by telephone and immediately open a case To obtain a directory of toll free numbers for your country go to http www cisco com warp public 687 Directory DirTAC shtml P1 and P2 level problems are defined as follows e Pl Your production network is down causing a critical impact to business operations if service is not restored quickly No workaround is available e P2 Your production network is severely degraded affecting significant aspects of your business operations No workaround is available Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 CHAPTER 1 Overview SNMP based monitoring tools such as MRTG allow network administrators to monitor the activity and health of network devices in real time Cisco SCA BB includes an SNMP based re
27. n directory gt wperl exe lt Full path to the MRTG bin directory gt mrtg lt RTM directory gt mrtg cfg lt SCE address gt _scabb_mrtg cfg The exact details of working with Cron are outside the scope of this document rtmemd creates two crontab txt sample files for Windows and for Linux Unix setups in the destination directory Use these files to configure Cron Note that for Unix Linux systems the periodic MRTG invocation command must be followed by an update permission command chmod for RRD files providing reading permissions to the web server For the command details see the crontab sample file created by the rtmemd utility When using SELinux which is a standard feature of Redhat Enterprise 4 several extra steps might be needed to ensure correct operation of the Apache server A full discussion of this issue is beyond the scope of this document but note the following command which would be useful in case SELinux is activated and the system log indicates that httpd encounters permission problems chcon R h t httpd_sys_content_t lt RIM directory gt Note that the polling done by MRTG creates a CPU load on both the workstation where MRTG is running and on the SCE platform Therefore the following is recommend e Polling period of once every 5 minutes e Maximum number of SCE platforms polled by a single workstation assuming a Win2K machine with Pentium 4 3 2GHz CPU and 1GB memory is 10 SCE platforms The rtmemd ut
28. nd CGI files that it creates After you run rtmemd you must move the generated files from this location to the appropriate MRTG and RRDTool directories config file The location and filename of the user configuration file referred to above Service Configuration The location and name of the PQB file The Service Configuration may alternatively be retrieved from a specified SCE platform Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRDTool After the CFG and CGI files have been created by the rtmemd utility you must install them into your RTM setup First Installation If this is a fresh installation of an RTM setup complete the following steps Step 1 Copy the entire contents of the target directory created by rtmemd including all sub directories to the RTM directory The RTM directory is specified by the rtm_dir property in the rtmcmd user configuration file The two crontab txt sample files should be excluded from the copy operation Step 2 Add a Cron task that invokes MRTG periodically every 5 minutes on these CFG files by adding a task line to the crontab file On Windows workstations the line should look something like this Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 Chapter 3 The Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility E Installing the CFG and CGI Files for Use by MRTG and RRDTool a Note Files Update Step 1 Step 2 5 lt Full path to the Perl bi
29. nge of features and services to help customers and partners streamline business processes and improve productivity Through Cisco com you can find information about Cisco and our networking solutions services and programs In addition you can resolve technical issues with online technical support download and test software packages and order Cisco learning materials and merchandise Valuable online skill assessment training and certification programs are also available Customers and partners can self register on Cisco com to obtain additional personalized information and services Registered users can order products check on the status of an order access technical support and view benefits specific to their relationships with Cisco To access Cisco com go to http www cisco com Technical Assistance Center The Cisco Technical Assistance Center TAC website is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product or technology that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Preface Obtaining Technical Assistance E Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website If you have a priority level 3 P3 or priority level 4 P4 problem contact TAC by going to the TAC website Attp www cisco com tac P3 and P4 level problems are defined as follows e P3 Your network is degraded Network functionality is noticeably impa
30. nstruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense The following information is for FCC compliance of Class B devices The equipment described in this manual generates and may radiate radio frequency energy If it is not installed in accordance with Cisco s installation instructions it may cause interference with radio and television reception This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in part 15 of the FCC rules These specifications are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation Modifying the equipment without Cisco s written authorization may result in the equipment no longer complying with FCC requirements for Class A or Class B digital devices In that event your right to use the equipment may be limited by FCC regulations and you may be required to correct any interference to radio or television communications at your own expense You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it off If the interference stops it was probably caused by the Cisco equipment or one of its peripheral d
31. red SCE The permissions change command follows the MRTG invocation Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Reports Missing Data E Reports Missing Data Problem Reports missing data There is a sheer drop in reported traffic Cause and Solution Cron has stopped invoking MRTG 1 Verify the rrd files in the folder sce_ lt SCE IP gt haven t been modified during the past 5 minutes 2 Verify Cron is configured as a service and that the service active 3 Run MRTG from a command line and verify that it completes with no errors perl lt MRTG bin folder gt mrtg lt RTM folder gt mrtg cfg lt SCE address gt _scabb_mrtg cfg 4 Check that Cron settings are correct see Error Message when Viewing a Report on page 4 1 Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01
32. sing PyCron try running MRTG from PyCron GUI and verify it completes with return code 0 Problem Apparent Error Message viewing a report returns with an error message The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request Cause This error message appears on Unix Linux systems if the web server user does not have execution permissions on the SCE platform s report CGI files Solution Add execution permissions to all users to all cgi files Problem Apparent Error Message viewing a report returns with an error message ERROR Opening lt report image filename gt png for write Permission denied Cause This error message appears on Unix Linux systems if the web server user does not have writing permissions on the SCE platform s directory in the RTM directory Solution Add write permissions to all users to all SCE directories in the RTM directory Problem Apparent Error Message viewing a report returns with an error message ERROR opening lt RRD archive name gt rrd Permission denied Cause This error message appears on Unix Linux systems if the web server user does not have reading permissions on RRD archive files in the SCE platform s directory Solution Add read permissions to all users to all RRD archive files Note that the example crontab txt file created by the rtmcemd for Unix Linux systems contains a permissions change command for each monito
33. to periodically invoke MRTG on the MRTG CFG files created for each SCE device Monitor the reports using a web browser a Browse to the root of the RTM directory and select an SCE device Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide Chapter 2 Getting Started ise Web Server Configuration b Select a report from the available reports listed on the left The following figure is a screenshot taken after selecting an SCE device SCE 10 10 10 10 ane SCE 10 10 10 10 Total Global Downstream BW cisco per Service Created Mon Nov O 17 59 33 2006 Refreshed every 5 minutes Daily Graph 5 Minute Average own t This guide focuses on Step 5 creating the CFG and CGI files for MRTG and RRDTool The SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration utility creates the necessary files from the specified PQB file or Service Configuration The other steps in this process are explained in detail in the relevant MRTG and RRDTool documentation see References on page 1 1 Web Server Configuration The web server configuration should be such that it enables the following two common web server features e Execution of CGI scripts Reports are created on demand by browsing to a CGI script file that dynamically creates the report HTML page Enable automatic listings of directories when there is no directory index e g index html Enabling this feature enables listing of the SCE platforms for
34. which MRTG CFG file and report CGI files have been prepared Note that these features can be selectively enabled for the RTM directory only Apache Web Server Configuration The following configuration instructions for the Apache Web Server reflect the general guidelines provided in the Web Server Configuration on page 2 2 section Add a directory section for the RTM directory to the Apache configuration file httpd conf Use the following example as a template for the newly created section Cisco SCA BB SNMP Real Time Monitoring User Guide OL 12491 01 l Chapter 2 Getting Started Using the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility E lt Directory lt Apache installation directory gt htdocs lt rtm directory gt gt Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI AllowOverride Indexes Order allow deny Allow from all lt Directory gt e Restart the Apache Web Server Using the SCA BB Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility To use rtmcmd to produce the files for MRTG and RRDTood follow this procedure Step 1 If using rtmcemd for the first time do the following a Install it see Installing the Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility on page 2 4 b Extract the templates distribution to a directory see nstalling the Real Time Monitoring Configuration Utility on page 2 4 Step 2 Prepare a destination directory where the utility will save the CFG and CGI files It is recommended that this directory
35. will be different to the RTM folder where the CFG and CGI files will be installed Step 3 Edit the user configuration file according to your setup see The User Configuration File on page 3 3 A sample configuration file rtmcmf cfg is located in the bin directory under the utility installation directory This step may not be required each time you run the utility if the directory locations have not been changed Step 4 Run rtmemd using the appropriate options and point it to the directories and configuration file you have prepared see The rimcmd Utility on page 3 2 rtmcmd writes the files to the specified destination directory The destination directory contains A sub directory for each SCE platform containing CGI report files the index HTML file and the reports index HTML file A sub directory for MRTG CFG files containing an MRTG CFG file for each SCE device e Sample files for the configuration of the Cron application There is one sample file for Windows and one sample file for Unix Linux e A static directory containing CSS and image files A htaccess file When using the Apache web server this file is used to exclude files or folders from the automatic listings of a directory The resulting CFG files are compatible with the SCA BB and SCE MIBs of releases 3 0 5 and above If rtmemd fails an error log is available at the following locations e Linux lt USERPROFILE gt p cube servconf log W
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