Wiley Mac OS X Lion Server For Dummies
Contents
1. With centralized management of client computers you can set users passwords and settings for network access and install software on the client computers from the server A server doesn t eliminate messing with individual clients but can cut it down quite a bit 9 Users keep running out of hard drive space Instead of replacing or adding hard drives on multiple users computers put one or more hulk ing huge hard drives in a server that everyone can use 8 Users need special software that everyone can access Database soft ware accounting software or software specific to your line of business needs a central location 7 You have critical data that would cause big problems if you lost it Storing mission critical files in one central location makes them easier to back up than when the files sit on user machines 6 Your Mac slows when other users are trying to get files off it Your Mac or PC should work for you not for other users A server frees up your computer for your work Servers can also handle multiple users faster than a client computer Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 5 People keep changing settings on Macs messing things up With a server school computer labs and even user machines can be managed to keep or restore needed settings 4 People in your group need to connect to your network from home or while traveling Your server can provide secure encrypted access to your organization s network even2. 24 Part l Getting Lion Server Up and Running Dn Figure 1 8 The Server Status Dashboard widget lets you keep an eye on sev eral server parameters Workgroup Manager Workgroup Manager is a more advanced tool for setting and managing user accounts than the Server app You can use Workgroup Manager to control aspects of users computers For example you can require users to change pass words at regular intervals create standardized preference settings for client Macs or allow only certain applications to run You can also use Workgroup Manager to configure certain security measures such as blocking computers from seeing external hard drives or from burning CDs and DVDs And you can create groups to manage settings for multiple sets of computers at once For more on Workgroup Manager see Chapter 16 The rest of the management team There are some other tools that you ll use less frequently than the Server app Server Admin and Workgroup Manager You may never need to use them at all In case you do here s a rundown of what they do Server Status Dashboard widget If you re a Mac user you re familiar with Dashboard widgets On most Macs hit the F4 key and up pops a calculator the weather and other small applets They disappear when you click something else Mac OS X Server has a Server Status Dashboard widget shown in Figure 1 8 that you can use on the server or on any Mac on the network macwindows
3. Server to integrate devices into your network direc tory as well as to define management policies for iOS devices as you can for computers users and groups Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 13 Lion Server can push configuration changes out to the devices using Apple Push Notification services which you can also use to push calendar invitations and events And the Server also optimizes wikis and blogs for viewing on iOS devices The Servers in Lion Server za Figure 1 1 Lion Server is actually a set of servers Ea Lion Server isn t one server but more than two dozen servers and tools for managing the Mac clients Figure 1 1 lists the services available to you as you see them in the Server Admin and the Server utilities You turn many of them on and off with a few mouse clicks Here s a quick look at what services you get and what you can do with them SERVICES Address Book 5 File Sharing ical O iChat E Mail Podcast E Profile Manager Time Machine ven web B wii File server The bread and butter of a server the file server may be all that some people need from Lion Server File servers provide folders that everyone on the net work can see You can also limit access so that some people can t get into certain folders Mac OS X Server provides file sharing via the Mac native Apple Filing Protocol AFP which is Mac only and Microsoft s Server Message Block SMB whic
4. com Network File Sharing iCal iChat Mail Lion displays Dashboard widgets differently from previous versions of Mac OS X Instead of overlaying the widgets on the screen it switches to a differ ent space hiding all the current open applications You can however set Dashboard to use the previous method of displaying widgets as an overlay To do this open System Preferences from the Dock or from the Apple menu Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 25 and click Expos amp Spaces Now uncheck Show Dashboard as a Space at the bottom of the screen Podcast Composer y You can use Podcast Composer to create and edit podcast workflows It ig guides you through the required steps where you can choose titles videos and effects for a podcast See Chapter 15 for more about creating podcasts and workflows with Lion Server Server Monitor A Server Monitor lets you keep tabs on Apple s Xserve server hardware Apple dis continued Xserve in early 2011 but you can still run Lion Server on it Server Monitor can display a graph of the internal temperature of one or more Xserve s list warnings and failures display the power usage and show how much hard drive space and memory are in the Xserves on your network You can set Server Monitor to send you an e mail message if it detects a hardware problem in an Xserve box You can read more about Xserves and Lion in Chapter 3 Vales ar If you have Lion Sever
5. installed on another type of Mac you won t have any use for Server Monitor You can safely delete it System Image Utility lt gt You can use System Image Utility to create Mac OS X disk images to be used to boot Macs from the server with NetBoot or to install on multiple Macs with NetInstall See the NetBoot and NetInstall sections earlier in this chapter You can create a NetInstall or NetBoot disk image in two steps or you can customize settings to include your own items in the disk image You can also include a Boot Camp partition in a disk image if you want a client Mac to have the option of booting with Microsoft Windows Xarid Admin 4 Xgrid Admin is designed to monitor arrays of Macs working together as one entity The most practical use that Apple gives is with Podcast Producer which can use Xgrid to spread the work of processing video across multiple Macs automatically Xgrid Admin enables you to monitor an Xgrid and to manage computing jobs that are going on wp Apple includes Xgrid Admin along with the more everyday server adminis tration tools almost as a dare to find out what you can do with it If you tie together enough Macs you can have ordinary user Macs by day and the com bined power of a supercomputer by night Stanford University uses an Xgrid of several hundred Macs to perform complex calculations related to molecu lar physiology and pharmacology You can find a very thorough description
6. Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview In This Chapter Answering the burning question Why do I need a server Exploring the services and tools in Lion Server Discovering what s new in Lion Server Using the Server application and Server Admin with Lion Server Checking out Lion Server s other administration tools t comes with a wide array of user services file sharing calendaring con tact management web e mail instant messaging media streaming and more It s versatile enough to support Macs and PCs running Windows Unix and Linux It even supports iPads iPhones and iPod touches It s reliable built on the solid foundation of Unix At the same time it has the ease of use of a Macintosh Anyone can set it up get it running and manage it Seriously technical professionals will find tools for the kind of configura tion customization that they re accustomed to It is Mac OS X Server Lion Server also known as Mac OS X Server 10 7 is the eighth major ver sion from Apple Unlike Microsoft which releases the Windows user version before the server version Apple develops user and server versions at the same time Lion Server looks like the copy of Lion running on users Macs And Mac OS X Server runs on Macs of course any model that Apple makes today as well as some older models You can use Lion Server at home in a small business or in a department in a large organization In this chapter I describe what you ca
7. Network address translation NAT A gateway between your private net work and the public Internet NAT allows you to have a single IP address from your Internet service provider but have all your computers connected to the Internet This is cheaper than paying for IP addresses for each com puter With NAT the individual IP addresses of your computers aren t vis ible to the outside world but your computers can still receive e mail and visit the web Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server Assigns the local private IP addresses to your computers when you re using a NAT gateway v Firewall Mac OS X Server comes with a firewall to protect your server from intruders Chapter 18 describes Lion Server s firewall Y Virtual private network VPN service A secure method of enabling people to access your network and server via the Internet from home or on the road The VPN service in Mac OS X Server supports several different standard methods of access E mail server The Lion Server e mail server has been revamped Mail Server 3 now enables users to search the content of files attached to e mail that is stored on the server This search works for Microsoft Office and iWork files PDF files and others Also new is the ability to provide webmail service with drag and drop message management As a full featured e mail server Mail Server blocks spam and e mail that contain viruses from reaching users desktops and can make e ma
8. Server app gives you easy access to configuring services Cc Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 9 The Server application For simpler networks you can spend most of your server management time in the Server app shown in Figure 1 3 The Server app offers you quick access to configuration windows for users and the services they re allowed to access 8 2 0 ACCOUNTS AL Users BE Groups STATUS ad Alerts asl Stats Overview Settings Network Storage Ed John Rizzo s MacBook Pro SERVICES ou Address Book Hardware D File Sharing MacBook Pro cal 2 8 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo O iChat W88425QK1GN dogal 358 87 GB Podcast 1a iy Profile Manager Time Machine VPN Owed ABSO Ew Mac OS X Server 10 7 Build 11A444d HARDWARE 2 hours 5 minutes 2 John Rizzo s MacBook Pro The Server app enables you turn services on and off You can assign user passwords and manage mail calendar and iChat servers You can also change firewall settings and turn on remote access via a virtual private net work The Time Machine icon lets you set automated backups of server data Configuring Services and Accounts with the Server app To start up a service click an icon under Services in the left sidebar The pane at the right displays configuration options for that service see Figure 1 4 Click the big switch in the upper right to turn the service on or off It may take a few seconds for the service to start You can
9. also use the Server app to create user and group accounts Workgroup Manager can also create user accounts and gives you more configuration options Click Users or Groups under Accounts in the sidebar You can then type user and group names and passwords The Server app includes built in guidance to help you configure Lion Server Click the Next Steps button in the lower left of the Server app to expand the window at the bottom Several new buttons appear at the bottom of the window as shown in Figure 1 5 Clicking one displays information about your server s current setup and provides links to settings windows that will enable you to complete other tasks 20 Part l Getting Lion Server Up and Running 8 0 0 ACCOUNTS A Users Ser z E File Sharing d Alerts asl Stats SERVICES Share Points Groups a John Rizzo s Public Folder guest accessible DD NetBoorClientsO guest accessibie e E NerBoorsPo Figure 1 4 Pubic The File D users S h a ri n g HARDWARE pane of the EE John Rizzo s MacBook Pro ai G Filter Shared Folders Server app A ACCOUNTS AL Users Grou or Web Server ore NT on STATUS ed Alerts asl Stats SERVICES Web Sites W Address Book John rizzos macbook pro local File Sharing war empey ica wew examplel com Library Server Web Data Sites www examoie 1 com HARDWARE E John Rizzo s MacBook Pro Figure 1 5 The Next Steps button prov
10. ation options Some of the old features look like they re missing but you can still access them via the command line if you know how to edit Unix configuration files This change has made some long time Mac administrators unhappy though you may not be bothered at all You also don t want to spend a lot of time looking for something that isn t there The following sections describe where you can find services as well as the main things you ll no longer see in Lion Server Services moved from Server Admin to the Server app Settings for AFP and SMB now combined as file service and web service are now only available in the Server app Address Book icla iChait VPN Web and Wiki services are also now entirely in the Server app and not in Server Admin The drawback is that the Server app is simpler providing far fewer configuration options than Server Admin which means you can t do as much with them as you could in Snow Leopard Server Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview Services removed from Server Admin but not in the Server app The missing service people complain about most is print server and manage ment The underlying CUPS printing engine is still there but it s no longer in the server tools Apple provides two ways to set up printer sharing 1 System Preferences Here you use the Print and Fax pane as you would share a printer connected to a user s Mac You d have to use screen sharing to do this from anot
11. elf service web page You can also have Lion s Push Notification service automatically deliver updates to configuration profiles on devices Podcast Producer Podcast Producer is actually a set of software that automates the capture creation and distribution of video and audio You and your users can record a lecture training video or student project and Podcast Producer automati cally adds encodes renders and compresses titles and other elements based on your criteria Podcast Producer automatically publishes your recording on a website or via iTunes Windows users can also get into the action You can read more about Podcast Producer in Chapter 15 Software update server You can restrict what software updates get installed on client Macs as well as when they get installed so that you can test updates first The client Macs get the updates from the server instead of downloading them individually NetInstall NetInstall lets you install Mac OS X upgrades on users Macs requiring that their updates come from Mac OS X Server and not directly from the Internet Because Mac OS X updates can sometimes cause incompatibilities with older software you can test an upgrade before rolling it out on all the client Macs at the same time NetInstall also lets you restore from the server a custom ized Mac OS X configuration to Macs that need it NetBoot NetBoot is great for a group of Macs that are available to multiple users such as
12. g Open Directory To get Server Admin running for the first time follow these steps 1 If you re not already logged in to the server Mac log in as the local administrator 2 Open Server Admin from the Applications Server folder 22 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running v kek s ee Y SERVERS Available Servers 0 Server Admin john rizzos macbook pro local Server O ul 2 areg Overview Logs Graphs Server Updates Access Settings DHCP DNS Firewall Mail NAT NetBoot Open Directory Podcast Producer Push Notification Ss blige Software Update Figure 1 6 eal The General pane of Server Admin provides information about the Hardware Name hil Se Memory Processor Serial Number Storage Software Boot Volume Kernel Version System Version Services DHCP DNS Firewall Mail NAT NetBoot Status Connected Users Uptime John Rizzo s MacBook Pro MacBook Pro 2 8 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo WBB425QK1GN 4 0 GB 358 87 CB ABS Darwin 11 0 0 Mac OS X Server 10 7 Build 11A Open Directory Podcast Producer Push Notification RADIUS Software Update Xgrid 0 1 hour 55 minutes server setup 3 Double click the name of a server in the left column to bring up the login screen If you don t see your server click the Add button in the lower left and select Add Server from the pop
13. h Windows and Linux clients use Lion Server also provides the WebDAV protocol for iPads It s also used by Time Machine to back up Macs Flip to Chapter 9 for more on this topic Directory services Mac OS X Server uses the standards based Open Directory to store and manage the user account info and other user data that s used for all the ser vices You can connect the server to other directory services on the network 14 Part l Getting Lion Server Up and Running including Microsoft Active Directory To keep the network secure directory services authenticates clients that log in with the LDAP Kerberos and SASL standards Chapter 5 describes what all these standards are Chapter 6 describes how to set up Open Directory In Lion Open Directory now includes a feature called Locales which lets you specify which replica directory server a client computer will connect to based on a network location a handy feature to keep notebook computers connected to the directory no matter where they are Address Book Server Address Book Server enables users to share both personal and group contacts with the Mac Address Book or a CardDAV compatible client See Chapter 11 for the scoop on Address Book Server iCal Server Users on the network can schedule events book conference rooms and view one another s calendars People can send an invitation to a meeting that includes an agenda and then can accept the invitation The iCal Serve
14. her Mac 1 The CUPS web interface Type http localhost 631 in a web browser and you come up with the configuration page This page gives you some configuration options not available in System Preferences Neither method is completely satisfactory For example you no longer have any way to set quotas for printers or users And neither method ties in with a directory Nor are these features available from the command line they ve been eliminated As an editorial comment the removal of as basic a service as print is a bit baffling Apple has never provided a reasonable explanation as to why it removed the feature from Lion Server FTP file sharing is now only available by typing Unix commands The same is true for NFS file sharing which used to be an alternative to AFP and SMB NFS is still in Lion Server because it s used by NetBoot You can still configure FTP and NFS in Terminal if you know how But for most users FTP and NFS file sharing is no longer an option More significant is the complete removal of the ability to set Mac OS X Server to act as a Primary Domain Controller for Windows climates This feature isn t available from the command line or anywhere else What this means is that Lion Server simply doesn t support Windows clients as well as Mac OS X Server 10 5 and 10 6 QuickTime Streaming server has also been eliminated from Lion Server Still you still can do plenty with Lion Server enough to fill this bo
15. ides information about configuring your server Your server is currently configured to use local users If you are deploying your server in larger organization where multiple servers will be used or you want to enable device management using Profile Manager you should configure your server to manage network users Each person connecting to your server needs a username and For example in Figure 1 5 the Server app tells you that the users added are local user accounts residing only on the server Mac and not in a network directory Clicking the Manage Network Users link in the text takes you to a screen where you can start setting up Open Directory Monitoring your server and making general settings changes The Server app provides several ways to view the status of your server In the sidebar under Status are two items ar avy Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 2 Alerts Here you find alerts that Lion Server can send you You re alerted to conditions of low disk space possible virus containing e mail expired SSL certificates changes to network settings and available soft ware updates You can also use this pane to designate an e mail address where Lion Server can e mail alerts to you 1 Stats Stats provides live graphs of your server s processor usage memory usage and network traffic Under Hardware you can click the name of your server to get access to four panes of information and some
16. il available from a web browser You can read more about Lion s e mail server in Chapter 14 Web server Lion Server s web server is really a package of technology starting with the Apache web server the most popular web server on the Internet The web server also includes the PostgreSQL database replacing MySQL in previous editions of the Mac OS X Server A Perl plug in comes loaded with the web server The Perl programming language is used for Common Gateway Interface 16 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running C Figure 1 2 The Web pane of the Server app makes it easy to enable server features A CGD scripts for creating dynamic web pages and for functions such as taking data that a user enters in a web based form and moving it to the database But you don t need to be a programmer to take advantage of these features as a lot of this technology is under the hood For example enabling users to access their e mail from a web browser requires only a single mouse click in the Web pane of the Server app see Figure 1 2 ACCOUNTS A Users 22 Groups STATUS Web Server Web Sites SERVICES a Address Book Gi File Sharing s john rizzos macbook pro local Library Server Web Data Stes Default 4 www example1com E7 iLiprary Server Web Data Stes www example Time Machine Q ven G Web Bw HARDWARE E John fizz0 s MacBook Pro Part of the web server functional
17. ill not convinced Well you probably are because you re reading this book But maybe your boss isn t convinced Here are some reasons why your server should be Lion Server The price is right Windows and Linux servers can scale up to some very large networks which Mac OS X Server isn t designed to do But Windows servers can cost thou sands of dollars more than Lion Server and Linux costs you in terms of technical expertise 11 2 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running Windows server versus Lion Server Mac OS X Server is inexpensive compared to Windows servers Microsoft has a complicated pricing model with different configurations with multiple options Lion Server comes in one version with no restrictions on the number of clients Microsoft Windows servers not only start out at higher price points but there s also a charge for the number of clients you have on the network If you want to add more computers to your network you have to write another check to Microsoft With Mac OS X Server there s no per client fee Add as many Macs PCs or Linux machines as the server hardware can handle Linux versus Lion Server A Linux server can be less expensive than Lion Server depending on which company you get it from But it may or may not come with the full suite of services found in Mac OS X Server Add to that the cost of the time spent adding all the services to a Linux server and configuring it assuming that
18. in a school computer lab or a classroom This service enables Mac clients to boot up from the server instead of from their own hard drives The NetBoot server can use a single disk image to boot multiple Macs This process prevents the boot system from being altered or tampered with and makes sure that every system boots in exactly the same configuration NetBoot also lets you update the system software of all the Macs at one time simply by updating the disk image on the server 18 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running Spotlight Server For Mac users Spotlight is an indispensable search feature that lets you find a file almost instantaneously Spotlight Server does the same for files on the server without bogging down server performance Spotlight Server does this by indexing the content of the files This server also provides advanced search features including Boolean logic and the use of quoted phrases and stores search criteria in the form of Smart Folders Management Tools in Lion Server EMBER D In addition to providing services to client computers Lion Server comes with a set of software for managing these servers You can install several of the tools on any system running Mac OS X 10 7 on the network allowing you to keep the server Mac out of sight in a secure location Flipping through this book you see that I mostly describe two tools the Server application and Server Admin Workgroup Manager is the third most used
19. ity is the automatic creation of a full featured wiki a website that users can edit from their web browser In your organi zation you can use wikis as a group collaboration tool for projects or brain storming Users can edit text add hyperlinks to web pages upload photos and documents to share and then review the history of the changes that have been made and revert to earlier versions Wikis automatically update to tell readers what changes other users have made The Wiki Server is also blogging software Blogs in your organization are great for posting status updates and reports Like blogs on the Internet the Lion Server blog feature has a space at the bottom for users to post comments Wiki Server 3 in Lion Server has a new look and some new features including e mail notification which tells a user when a page has been updated Chapter 13 describes how to use the Wiki Server Profile service for iOS and Mac OS X Lion adds a new service called Profile Manager for creating and distributing profiles that can automatically set up iOS devices iPads iPod touches and iPhones as well as Macs A profile can contain basic network settings and Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 7 those for mail calendar contacts and other things It can also contain rules for passwords as well as restrictions on what a user is allowed to do on the net work You can distribute profiles to devices via e mail or have users download them from a s
20. n do with Lion Server providing an overview of all the services in one place I also point out what s new and improved and what s changed in this version and introduce you to the soft ware tools you ll use throughout the book 0 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running Why Vou Need a Server You ve probably discovered that you can have a small network without a server Macs and PCs can talk to each other They can share files and print ers and you may be able to use a router to share an Internet connection But a server enables users to collaborate in ways that aren t possible without it A server gives you control it centralizes data making it easier to manage A server provides fast access to information and collaborative tools and pro vides network security So what s a server that does all this great stuff Server refers to software hard ware or both Server software can be the whole package such as Mac OS X Server or one of its features such as the e mail server The Mac that Mac OS X Server runs on is also referred to as a server Client can refer to the Mac or PC sitting on a user s desk or to a piece of user software such as an e mail client that talks to server software Top ten signs you know it s time to buy a server At some point you ll need to add a server Here are the top ten signs you know it s time to buy a server 10 You have too many computers to go around futzing with them all
21. of Xgrid at www macresearch org the_xgrid_tutorials_part_i_xgrid_basics 26 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running Command line administration If you re a deft Unix coder who likes to really get into it you can use the Unix command line tools that come with Mac OS X to configure and manage Lion Server You can also use these commands from a non Apple Unix or Linux com puter on the network But even if you aren t a Unix geek you may come across a tip that can work around a problem by typing a couple lines of text Some features are accessible only by command line such as FTP and NFS file sharing Xsan Admin Unix commands are accessible in the Terminal application on every Mac OS X machine You can use one of the Unix shells that come with Terminal bash the default sh csh tsh and zsh If you re managing one or more servers over a network use ssh or Secure Shell Rest assured though that Unix com mands aren t required to set up or manage Lion Server Xsan is Apple s cluster file system for accessing terabytes of storage arrays Xsan Admin is where you set up configure and monitor an Xsan system You can find out more information about Xsan at Apple s website www apple com xsan What Apple Removed from Mac OS X Server With Mac OS X Server 10 7 Apple made a decision to simplify administra tion and setup Although it added some new features Apple removed some features as well as some configur
22. ok includ ing the new features described in this chapter such as Profile Manager for iOS devices 27 28 Part I Getting Lion Server Up and Running
23. r keeps track of who is inviting whom and what the group schedules are at any point in time iCal Server works with the iCal calendar on Mac OS X as well as with some open source software supporting the CalDAV standard Lion Server adds a few things to iCal Server including enabling multiple users to share To Dos Chapter 12 describes setting up and running iCal Server iChat Server Instant messaging isn t just for mobile phones Users of Mac OS X Windows and Linux as well as iPhones and other handhelds can have a virtual meet ing by using iChat instant messaging The server supports audio and video as well as file transfer Users can access persistent chat rooms that are always there The server also stores each user s account info so that a user can iChat from any computer Internet gateway and network services Mac OS X Server can act as an Internet gateway providing the computers on the network with access to the Internet while protecting the network from intruders You can get these services in other ways such as in a wireless Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview 15 router or from other servers on a larger network but Mac OS X Server has them if you need them These services are Domain name server DNS It translates a domain name such as mycomany com from an IP address DNS service is required somewhere on the network for just about all network services including web mail directory services and calendaring
24. settings as well 1 Overview This pane refer to Figure 1 3 provides information about the Mac model and hardware configuration the version of Mac OS X Server and how long the server has been running 1 Settings Here you can change settings for remote login and administra tion screen sharing push notifications and SSL certificates A check box called Dedicate System Resources To Server Services should always be checked Having it uncheck can slow server performance YY Network This pane displays and lets you change the Mac s computer name and the server s hostname It also displays the IP addresses of your network interfaces 1 Storage This pane displays the amount of free space on any storage devices attached to the server It also lets you change permissions for shared folders see Chapter 9 Server Admin Server Admin handles more complex tasks than does the Server app Server Admin provides more options and much more fine grained control over the services it supports Server Admin also gives you access to services that aren t available in the Server app such as the DNS and push notification serv ers firewall and the software update server Figure 1 6 shows Server Admin s Overview pane Server Admin also can keep track of multiple servers and the services they re running Configuring Services with Server Admin You can use Server Admin to configure and manage Lion Server s many ser vices includin
25. tool The other tools play smaller more specialized roles The Server app is included with Lion Server You ll find it in the Applications folder But you won t find Server Admin Workgroup Manager and other more advanced tools You have to go get them yourself from Apple at this location http support apple com downloads The Server app and Server Admin are both for configuring services but you use each to configure a different set of services The Server app generally includes the services that most people might use such as file service calen dar web and wiki Server Admin tends to include services that not everyone may use or that are aimed at infrastructure such as DHCP DNS NAT and Open Directory The Server app is the simpler of the two providing fewer configuration options than Server Admin If you have Mac server experience these tools are a major change from earlier versions of Mac OS X Server which had a utility called Server Preferences instead of the Server app However in Mac OS X Server versions 10 5 and 10 6 the two utilities presented different views of the same services one simplified and Server Admin with more configuration options This is no longer the case with Lion Server which now has the two utilities configuring different ser vices The lone exception is Mail which appears in both tools If you re handy with Unix commands you can still configure Lion Server via Terminal PCs Figure 1 3 The
26. ts JETE Select the services to configure on this server DHCP DNS Firewall Mail NAT NetBoot Open Directory Podcast Producer Push Notification RADIUS Software Update Xgrid Available Servers 0 General Q ORR RRR A dot next to each service in the list can be a few possible colors 1 Clear Service is enabled but not running Red Service has an error 1 Light green Infrequent shown sometimes as a service restarts Dark green Service is running normally Typically you want to configure settings for a service when it isn t running with a clear dot After you re finished with the settings you can start the service running 1 Click the triangle to the left of your server to expand the list of services and then click the name of your service 2 Click the Start button in the lower left of the screen Monitoring your server with Server Admin Server Admin provides more monitoring features than the Server app You can access them by clicking your server in the left column to select it The General pane refer to Figure 1 6 appears providing information about the host Mac s hardware and software configuration and status The Logs icon gives you access to several types of log files for the server The Graphs icon provides live graphs of processor usage and network traffic The Server Update icon lists the previous updates to Mac OS X Server and lets you update from this window
27. up menu 4 Type the hostname of the server if not already displayed in the Address field and then enter the administrator s username and password aye For best results always enter the server s fully qualified hostname You can also enter the server s name ending in local if this is what you created when you installed Lion Server because DNS wasn t running on your network More on DNS is in Chapter 3 5 Click Connect You re now connected to the server and ready to manage its services Click the triangle next to the server s name to view an expanded list of enabled services as shown in Figure 1 6 If the service you want to configure doesn t appear in the list that means that it isn t turned on In Server Admin a service first needs to be turned on and then it also needs to be started Here s how to turn a service on 1 In Server Admin click your server in the sidebar to select it 2 Click the Settings icon in the toolbar and then click the Settings tab Chapter 1 Lion Server An Overview PCS Figure 1 7 Turning on services in Server Admin 23 3 Select the check box next to your service see Figure 1 7 and click the Save button in the lower right Your service should now appear in the left column under Services BOO SERVERS Server Admin joha rizz0s macbook pro local Server Ol wai u Overview Logs Graphs Server Updates Access Settings Network Date amp Time Aler
28. while the user sits across the ocean sipping a cappuccino in a Wi Fi cafe in Piazza Navona 3 You want to host your own websites Whether you or your users want to temporarily post something for your own viewing or permanently for the public having your own web server gives you the most flexibility to host one or more sites 2 Your e mail inbox fills up with messages about finding times for meet ings A shared server based scheduling server enables everyone to share one or more calendars Multiple people can change details of an event or adds new ones 1 The number one reason that you know it s time to get a server You want to do all these things and maybe more Why you need a Lion Server Any server platform does the great things described in the preceding section Your PC savvy friends may be telling you to get a Windows server You ll need it they say to support your PCs For a small network Lion Server will serve your PCs and your Macs too On a large network Mac OS X will peacefully coexist with Windows servers serving your Macs like no Windows server can Another friend may roll his eyes and tell you that a Linux server is the only logical choice He ll tell you that Linux is inexpensive and reliable and that many of the servers powering the Internet are running Linux All true but it takes an expert to configure and maintain a Linux server And it still doesn t support Mac clients as well as Lion Server does St
29. you have sufficient Linux expertise or paying someone else to do it and you ll find that Lion Server is still a bargain Getter service for Mac clients Lion Server supports Mac clients better than any other server For example Lion Server offers services specifically for the Apple software on your users Macs including Address Book and iCal see Chapters 11 and 12 respectively Lion Server turns these apps into groupware apps and works more smoothly for the user and the administrator than other servers and Mac clients A server version of the Mac s Spotlight makes searching the server quick and easy But even for generic services such as file sharing Mac OS X Server serves Mac clients better than other servers The Mac OS X Server supports any file name that the Mac supports and it doesn t split files into two parts or leave small empty files on the server which are problems that can occur when Mac clients access Windows and Linux servers Service for iPads and iPhones Lion Server supports iOS devices iPads iPhones and iPod touches in several ways Lion Server is the first software to provide centralized file sharing for iPads It also provides a simple way to configure and manage iOS devices and Mac clients running Mac OS X 10 7 This includes configuring network settings setting password restrictions as well as setting up user accounts for mail calendar contacts and chat see Chapter 16 You can also use Lion
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