Juniper AX411
Contents
1. Copyright O 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 19 APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point CorpNet SSID A single SSID is transmitted by both radios Clients a VLAN by re assigned to a different the radius server VLAN Each VLAN is mapped to a different zone and has different access priviledges set interfaces set interfaces OFFICE Client Figure 9 interface range interface range LEE AP 1 00 de ad 10 75 00 SRX ge 0 0 0 0 Series untrust 198 0 0 1 24 ge 0 0 7 0 trust 192 198 254 1 24 AP 3 00 de ad 10 77 00 a Radius Server 192 168 254 2 Radius Server It authenticates the user and returns the VLAN tag used for that client APD INTERNET 00 de ad 10 76 00 RADIUS based VLAN assignment APs APs member ge 0 0 1 member range fe 0 0 2 to fe 0 0 3 set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching port mode trunk set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members default set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members CorpNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members GuestNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching native vlan id default set interfaces vlan unit 1 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 2 family inet address 192 168 2 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 3 fa2. 1 1 il 2 2 2 2 2 2 60 virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point ssid GuestNet vlan 3 security none ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security wpa enterprise See ee e 0 security wpa enterprise 0 security wpa enterprise Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Creating a Guest Network Using Firewall Authentication In our final example we will use firewall authentication to authenticate users trying to access a guest network New users will be redirected to a local portal running in the SRX Series where they will be authenticated The user database can be local or as in the previous examples RADIUS authentication can be used Firewall authentication will only be used in the GuestNet CorpNet will do RADIUS based MAC authentication instead Firewall Auth The GuestNet zone will do Firewall Authentication and redirect the first HTTP requests to a local portal OFFICE 5 AP 00 de ad 10 75 00 A A SRX ge 0 0 0 0 Series untrust 198 0 0 1 24 Tees FE CO INTERNET ge 0 0 7 0 trust Co 00 de ad 10 76 00 192 198 254 1 24 Client 5 j AP 3 00 de ad L m 0 77 00 nm Radius Server 192 168 254 2 CorpNet and GuestNet SSIDs Clients associated to Cor
3. The show wlan access points command shows a summary of active access points connected to the SRX Series gt show wlan access points Active access points information Access Point Type Interface Radio mode Channel AP 1 Ext vlan an 116 bgn 2 The show wlan access points lt ap name gt detail command shows general information about a particular access point gt show wlan access points AP 1 detail Active access point detail information Access Point AP 1 Type External Location Default Location Serial Number 849001007 Firmware Version LOZANO Access Interface vlan Packet Capture Disabled Ethernet Port MAC Address 00 12 CF C5 4A 40 IPv4 Address a 12108616 Radiol Status On MAC Address 00 12 CF C5 4A 40 Mode IEEE 802 11a n Channel TON SES 0NMHZ Radio Status On MAC Address MODO MPAICHECHEMAS oo Mode IEEE 802 11b g n Channel 2 2417 MHz The show wlan access point lt ap name gt neighbors command displays information about the different neighboring access points detected gt show wlan access points AP 1 neighbors Access point neighbors information Access point AP 1 MAC Privacy WPA Band Channel SSID 0032503939 66 D381 On On 2 4 2 2WIRE207 00 17 3f e5 c9 43 on Of 2 4 il belkin54g 00 25 bc f5 80 7e Of Of 2 4 6 hpsetup 00 0b 6b 86 d1 10 Of Of 2 4 6 autonet CEC4 00 0a f4 4a 0d 08 On Of 2 4 6 SST PR 1 00 0b 46 bd 7f b9 On Of 2 4 6 SST PR 1 00 18 f8 fd a6 5b on on 2 4 6 yel
4. set interfaces interface range APs member ge 0 0 1 set interfaces interface range APs member fe 0 0 2 set interfaces interface range APs member fe 0 0 3 set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members default set interfaces ge 0 0 0 unit 0 family inet address 198 0 0 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 1 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 set vlans default vlan id 1 set vlans default 13 interface vlan 1 Routing is trivial there is only a default route pointing to the Internet set routing options static route 0 0 0 0 0 next hop 10 0 1 1 NAT all trafic from the CorpNet to untrust Use the IP address of the egress interface as the new source set security nat source rule set Internet Access from zone CorpNet set security nat source rule set Internet Access to zone untrust set security nat source rule set Internet Access rule nat all match source address 0 0 0 0 0 set security nat source rule set Internet Access rule nat all then source nat interface Security Zones and policies configuration Please note that the vlan 0 interface MUST be assigned to a zone set security zones security zone untrust interfaces ge 0 0 0 0 It is important to allow both DHCP and PING otherwise the SRX will not discover the APs set security zones security zone CorpNet interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic system services dhcp set security zones security zone CorpNet interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic system services p
5. access point access point access point address 00 16 cb 05 le af set wlan access point AP 1 mac address 00 12 00 00 00 00 mac address 00 12 00 00 00 01 access point options country US mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 access point options station mac filter allow list mac radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 authentication type local set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point Oo vlan 2 security mac security none ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security mac authentication type local set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point 0 All other APs are similarly configured RADIUS Based MAC Authentication When the number of devices in the network is large the a RADIUS server can be used to centralize the database security none MAC database becomes difficult to maintain In these cases When using MAC based RADIUS authentication association requests trigger a RADIUS authentication request to be sent from the access point to the RADIUS server these requests can
6. authentication type radius set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 RADIUS Based VLAN Assignment When using RADIUS authentication it is possible to send a RADIUS attribute to instruct each access point to tag the traffic from the client with a VLAN tag This allows segmentation of the network into multiple domains while still broadcasting a single SSID Network administrators can give users access to each domain while users do not have to choose a particular SSID mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio 1 il 1 NNNRRRR virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point Soe ia iS IS IS ENS ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security mac security none ssid GuestNet vlan 3 security none ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security mac security none vlan 3 security none Welcome to In this example we will use 802 1X authentication with RADIUS based VLAN assignment The RADIUS attributes used to signal which VLAN to use for a particular client are the following Tunnel Type Tunnel Medium Type Tunnel Private Group ID 13 VLAN Tunnels 6 802 medium lt vlan id gt
7. 2 uo o PILL access point access point access point access point access point access point access point access point AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 the other APs are MAC Authentication mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 access point options country US radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet radio 1 virtual access point 0 vlan 2 radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet radio 2 virtual access point 0 vlan 2 radio 2 virtual access point 0 security none configured the same way Building on our previous scenario we will now assume that some basic form of authentication is required If the number of devices in the network is small and over the air confidentiality is not a requirement MAC based authentication provides a simple access control method A local database of allowed and denied MAC addresses is created Whenever a VAP is configured with MAC authentication the access point uses this database to determine if a particular association request will be granted Two mutually exclusive lists are provided allow lists and deny lists If the allow list is configured any station with a MAC address not on the list will be denied access Similarly if the deny list is configured all stations will be allowed with the exception of the ones present on the list AP 1 configuration set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan access point access point
8. 745 2000 Fax 408 745 2100 www juniper net APAC Headquarters Juniper Networks Hong Kong 26 F Cityplaza One TM King s Road Taikoo Shing Hong Kong Phone 852 2332 3636 Fax 852 2574 7803 EMEA Headquarters Juniper Networks Ireland Airside Business Park Swords County Dublin Ireland Phone 35 31 8903 600 EMEA Sales 00800 4586 4737 Fax 35 31 8903 601 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc All rights reserved Juniper Networks the Juniper Networks logo Junos NetScreen and ScreenOS are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks Inc in the United States and other countries Junos is a trademark of Juniper Networks Inc All other trademarks service marks registered marks or registered service marks are the property of their respective owners Juniper Networks assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document Juniper Networks reserves the right to change modify transfer or otherwise revise this publication without notice 3500173 001 EN Nov 2009 To purchase Juniper Networks solutions please contact your Juniper Networks representative at 1 866 298 6428 or authorized reseller Printed on recycled paper Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 23
9. allowed in that domain Finally all radio client authentication and SSID options are configured under the radio section The following deployment scenarios will show some typical configurations and they will be used to introduce some of the configuration options available RADIUS Support One or more for redundancy purposes RADIUS servers can be used to authenticate users When a user is granted access the RADIUS protocol provides a mechanism to pass user specific parameters to the access point These parameters allow passing per user configuration options centrally managed by the RADIUS server The following table displays the list of RADIUS attributes that can be passed to the AX411 access point as specified in RFC 3580 Table 3 Supported RADIUS Attributes ATTRIBUTE NAME VALUE TYPE DEFINED IN Session Timeout 27 integer RFC2865 Tunnel Type 64 integer RFC2868 Tunnel Medium Type 65 integer RFC2868 Tunnel Private Group ID 81 integer RFC2868 WISPR Max Bandwidth Down 4 integer VSA 14122 WISPR Max Bandwidth Up 8 integer VSA 14122 Description and Deployment Scenarios We will start by configuring basic access point management access for both L2 and L3 modes These configurations will be used as the starting point in subsequent scenarios L2 Management Mode In this mode all access points are connected to the SRX Series for the branch by means of an Ethernet switched network either using an external switch
10. as it is the most popular method but it should be apparent from our previous example how to configure each scenario in L3 mode OFFICE q AP 1 00 de ad 10 75 00 A D a SRX ge 0 0 0 0 Series untrust 198 0 0 1 24 M4 INTERNET AP 2 vlan management E 00 de ad 10 76 00 0001 74 vlan Z trust 192 168 1 1 24 VLANID 2 AP 3 00 de ad 10 77 00 CorpNet SSID A single broadcast SSID is advertised Figure 5 Segregating user and management traffic DHCP Server config set system services dhcp pool name server 4 2 2 2 This pool is used by the management vlan set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range low 192 168 1 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range high 192 168 1 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 router 192 168 1 1 This pool is used by the CorpNet vlan set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 address range low 192 168 2 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 address range high 192 168 2 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 router 192 168 2 1 Interface and VLAN Configuration Since all ports connected to an AP will have identical configs we will make use of an interface ranges set interfaces interface range APs member ge 0 0 1 set interfaces interface range APs member range fe 0 0 2 to fe 0 0 3 set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching port mode trunk set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 fam
11. for the local captive portal set security zones security zone untrust host inbound traffic system services any service set security zones security zone untrust host inbound traffic protocols all set security zones security zone untrust interfaces ge 0 0 0 0 set security zones security zone CorpNet interfaces vlan 2 host inbound traffic system services dhcp set security zones security zone management interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traftic system services dhcp set security zones security zone management interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic system services ping set security zones security zone GuestNet interfaces vlan 3 host inbound traffic system services dhcp set security zones security zone GuestNet interfaces vlan 3 host inbound traffic system services http set security zones security zone trust address book address radius 192 168 254 2 32 set security zones security zone trust interfaces ge 0 0 7 0 The Security policies configuration is identical to the one in our previous example with the exception of the GuestNet gt Untrust policy that has firewall auth enabled which as shown below set security policies from zone GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress match source address any set security policies from zone GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress match destination address any set security policies from zone GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress match application junos http set security policies from z
12. or the ports on the SRX Series gateway configured for switching A single L3 interface is used to provide connectivity to all of the access points This interface also serves as the default gateway for the wireless clients DHCP Handles out addresses in the 192 168 1 0 24 OFFICE QD hal gt A Aj OMS 0 75 00 he l l Series untrust E 198 0 0 1 24 a ES Br INTERNET EEE de ad 10 76 vlan Trust Client 00 de ad 10 76 00 O Ea IPA AP 3 00 de ad 10 77 00 CorpNet SSID A single broadcast SSID is advertised Figure 3 L2 management mode example Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 7 APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point For completeness security policies Network Address Translation NAT and untrust interface configurations required to allow traffic from the access points to the Internet are included in this configuration To avoid unnecessary repetitions and unless explicitly noted our next examples will omit these sections from the configuration DHCP Server config set system services dhcp name server 4 2 2 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range low 192 168 1 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range high 192 168 1 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 router 192 168 1 1 Interface and VLAN Configuration Note how interface ranges can be used to simplify the configuration when a large number of APs are used
13. 68 2 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 router 192 168 2 1 Pool used for GuestNet set system services dhcp pool 192 168 3 0 24 address range low 192 168 3 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 3 0 24 address range high 192 168 3 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 3 0 24 router 192 168 3 1 Interfaces and VLANs set interfaces interface range APs member ge 0 0 1 set interfaces interface range APs member range fe 0 0 2 to fe 0 0 3 set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching port mode trunk set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members default set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members CorpNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members GuestNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching native vlan id default set interfaces ge 0 0 0 unit 0 family inet address 198 0 0 1 24 set interfaces ge 0 0 7 unit 0 family inet address 192 168 254 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 1 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 2 family inet address 192 168 2 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 3 family inet address 192 168 3 1 24 set vlans CorpNet vlan id 2 set vlans CorpNet 13 interface vlan 2 set vlans GuestNet vlan id 3 set vlans GuestNet 13 interface vlan 3 set vlans default vlan id 1 set vlans default 13 interface vlan 1 Security Zones It is requi
14. Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point DHCP Server config A different pool per interface is used set set set set set set set set set set Interface system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp configurations name server 4 2 2 2 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 0 24 address range low 192 168 1 2 0 24 address range high 192 168 1 254 0 24 router 192 168 1 1 0 24 address range low 192 168 2 2 0 24 address range high 192 168 2 254 0 24 router 192 168 2 1 0 24 address range low 192 168 3 2 0 24 address range high 192 168 3 254 0 24 router 192 168 3 1 WW amp NM NY NY Re SE set interfaces ge 0 0 1 unit 0 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 set interfaces ge 0 0 2 unit 0 family inet address 192 168 2 1 24 set interfaces ge 0 0 3 unit 0 family inet address 192 168 3 1 24 Security Zones and policies configuration An intra zone policy is added to allow traffic between clients connected to different APs set security zones security set security zones security set security zones security traffic system services dhcp set security zones security set security zones security traffic system servic
15. Jl INPer APPLICATION NOTE NETWORKS CONFIGURING AND DEPLOYING THE AX4 WIRELESS ACCESS POINT Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Table of Contents INTEOUCTION RE 3 SCOPE En scarey di prioni nice dada dus ca are AEA puede safe te Rendon Guia Sn du nn NE ds a dan nee uit a re 3 Design Considerations 20 cscecaxtaaisededeaa wan hates ae seen cane eed taa ela da Al age lo se 3 Hardware RequITe MENS a Pan dde Ha ese idee den Et 3 Software R QUI MEN S Vaina a a ententes na de et rs ae 3 Description and Deployment Scenario ke ee ne nen eee eeeueueereus 3 AXA Features 2 san vds e A A A AA et EES PRES Meare a eee D Se pi io sie 3 Operational Model unica a sabre bb a aug woes adobe Buts Gala Mega dab w E Badd able giant ete mit rs 4 L2M nagement MO sen amas tees lr Dao des de das 4 ES Management Mod r name Weeder den nee des ire at Teri des rase 5 CONSULTATION a da a A dd ee M SA LPS il A ER dea ae 5 RADIUS SUDDO Ersa ema eeo na a s aa ae eai na a e TEE A ee A iu 7 D scriptiomand Deploy Ment Scenic brins cena do ndaubus A a de ada E A La EE 7 L2 Management MOE muta soi il karia aa dad da ds did da ca eae ane la tats a a are me te 7 ESiManagementiMoOde dinastia dense NA A da oidos 9 Segregating User and Management TaffiC o o ooo ooooo en een nee nnn eee ne ene eee tbe eee eae MAG A thenticatl n sc ce ord caterer sand etek ended e
16. OS TURE SUMMARY ae ns nan a megane ane aa 3 Table 2 L2 vs L3 Forwarding MOde s isme sig added et dae DAG a a de don ea eee eee hd ads ere 5 Table3 Supported RADIUS Attributes receded a A dead dedans Raed cube we 7 2 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Introduction Juniper Networks has introduced a wireless access point solution that is integrated into Juniper Networks SRX Series Service Gateways This new product line allows for a simple deployment of Wi Fi networks in the branch while leveraging the advanced capabilities of Juniper s services gateways SRX Series for the branch includes the ability to provide advanced security services like unified threat management UTM intrusion prevention system IPS firewalling unified access control and VPNs Scope The purpose of this application note is to provide an overview of the different deployment scenarios for Juniper s Wi Fi solution for the branch This application note begins by detailing the capabilities of the Juniper Networks AX411 Wireless Access Point and how it is configured The final sections of this application note provide some typical deployment scenarios and their configurations Design Considerations SRX Series Services Gateways can be used to monitor and configure the AX411 access points These devices support Power over Ethernet PoE and can be powered by SRX Series gat
17. Tx Bytes Rx Tx Radio2 VAP1 00 16 cb 05 le af Yes 176 83 22662 18684 22 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Firmware Upgrade The output of the show wlan access point lt AP name gt detail can be used to display the active firmware version running on a particular access point To upgrade the firmware load the new firmware image into the SRX Series gateway flash and use the request wlan access point firmware upgrade all file file lt path to the firmware file gt command to upgrade the firmware of a single or multiple access points Summary Juniper networks AX411 offers simplified WLAN access to branch offices providing dual band dual radio 802 11n and supporting PoE The AX411 also provides end to end throughput integrating with the branch SRX Series gateways while leveraging all their security functions About Juniper Networks Juniper Networks Inc is the leader in high performance networking Juniper offers a high performance network infrastructure that creates a responsive and trusted environment for accelerating the deployment of services and applications over a single network This fuels high performance businesses Additional information can be found at www juniper net Corporate and Sales Headquarters Juniper Networks Inc 1194 North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale CA 94089 USA Phone 888 JUNIPER 888 586 4737 or 408
18. be forwarded by the SRX Series but they will neither be generated nor proxied by it OFFICE TT CorpNet SSID A single broadcast SSID is advertised Radius based MAC auth provides access control AP 1 00 de ad 10 75 00 T D Ga 0 0 0 0 Untrwst H qe A unts Series 8001724 EE INTERNET ES 00 de ad 10 76 00 ge 0 0 7 0 trust EET A A de ad 10 76 192 198 254 1 24 AP 3 al 00 de ad 10 77 00 Radius Server 192 168 254 2 Figure 6 RADIUS based MAC authentication This configuration almost identical to the one in our previous example specifies the MAC authentication type as RADIUS on a per VAP basis and specifies the RADIUS parameters set wlan access point AP 1 mac address 00 de ad 10 75 00 RADIUS configuration set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 authentication type radius set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 authentication type radius set wlan access point AP 1 radio radio radio radio radio radio radio radio ren NN NP virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security mac security none ssid CorpNet vlan 2 security mac security none Copyright O 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 13 APPLICATION NOTE Configu
19. ccess point detects a failure it automatically stops broadcasting any service set identifier SSID that it has configured thus allowing the client stations to associate to a different access point and circumvent the failure Access points can be managed in two different modes Layer 2 management mode Layer 3 management mode L2 Management Mode The most common mode is to connect all access points to the same L2 network A single routed VLAN interface RVI is configured per VLAN which is used as the default gateway for the VLAN Access point to access point traffic can be forwarded at L2 The gateway can do so at line rate without the need to inspect such traffic Traffic from an access point to the Internet i e traffic routed by the gateway will be inspected DHCP Handles out addresses in the 192 168 1 0 24 OFFICE 5 SRX Series MA INTERNET vlan O X A a 192 168 1 1 24 Client 5 of Ports All access point facing ports are connected to interfaces in switching mode and associated to the default vlan Figure 1 L2 management mode 4 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point L3 Management Mode In this mode each access point is connected to a different subnet on the branch services gateway Traffic between access points is routed and inspected by the branch device DHCP Hanales out addresses in multiple
20. ch SRX Series Services Gateways allowing for a simpler centralized provisioning model In particular the following operations can be performed directly from the SRX Series gateways Configuration management The entire configuration is centralized at the branch gateway and pushed to the different access points The Junos OS infrastructure is used to provide configuration backup and restore auditing scripting role based authentication etc Monitoring Access points are monitored from the services gateway including the ability to obtain device and wireless network information from the command line interface CLI J Web Software or SNMP Device maintenance Device maintenance support includes firmware upgrades When an access point is connected to a branch gateway for the first time it requests an IP address using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP After obtaining an IP address a registration protocol is used to exchange configuration and status information between the devices The SRX Series gateway uses the media access control MAC address received in the registration messages to identify each access point The advantage of using this approach is that access points can be connected to any port or given any IP address while still being correctly identified since MAC addresses are fixed Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP is used as a keepalive protocol between each access point and the SRX Series gateway If an a
21. de a better channel management each radio will be transmitting a single SSID Radio 1 will be transmitting in the 2 4 Ghz band advertising the GuestNet SSID while radio 2 will be transmitting in the 5 Ghz band advertising the CorpNet SSID Please note that it is also possible to configure both radios to advertise both SSIDs simultaneously if needed as previously noted each radio can advertise up to 16 SSIDs simultaneously OFFICE A D AP 1 00 de ad 10 75 00 A D SRX ge 0 0 0 0 i untrust Series 198 0 0 24 M6 INTERNET Or ado El TER A A de ad 10 76 192 198 254 1 24 Id ha a AP 3 00 de ad 10 77 00 a Radius Server 192 168 254 2 CorpNet and GuestNet SSIDs Clients associated to CorpNet are tagged with VLAN tag 2 Clients associated to GuestNET are tagged with VLAN tag 3 Figure 7 Using multiple VAPs Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point DHCP configuration set system services dhcp name server 4 2 2 2 Pool used for the management network set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range low 192 168 1 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 address range high 192 168 1 254 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 router 192 168 1 1 Pool used for CorpNet set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 address range low 192 168 2 2 set system services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 address range high 192 1
22. ed de ee de Se n dam Rede RR esai Re AMEE EE EES 12 RADIUS Based MAC AuthenticatiON ass ss ges s sn pige aient A Mette nee Ree Ee SR OO eRe PR RU RE 13 Creating Multiple Wireless Networks Using VAPS 44 44440444 tenet teen een ees 14 Creating a Guest Network Using Firewall Authentication 480488 sisi 17 RADIUS Based VLAN ASSIS Amen sen nt cena eds a ai eue eds aia 19 Administration ana MGnitoring sus data in ad d die Bien dha de a a cla dt Wade 21 ICU USOT eA ices excess eee Dinan da ne eu ee st eases die ee boca cimil aria aden cde 21 FlimwareUp rades sans susesmuunsamarenremanr AAA AAA AAA 23 SUMMA ER A a e ibas 23 ABOUT JUNE NGEW ORES 2 tii A A a ad edad 23 Table of Figures Figure 2 managementmode a A A AA AAA A ia 4 Elgure 2 L3 ManagementMoOde voca a a a oa a ia la a tc a 5 Figure 3 L2 management modeexampl iii ca a a a acia ai 7 Figure 4 L3 management mode example mias dan dc td dhe alain de Ad a a Oh es 9 Figure 5 Segregating user and management traffic oooooooooooor 44444 11 Figure 6 RADIUS based MAC authentication 44 ene ene de anaana annn 13 Figure 7 Using multiple VAPS sico de doi ptent PEG di GENRE a A oe ve el ic AA 14 Fig re 8 FirewalllauthenticatlON 4 sant ae lo users dea Aca ll A nan to E 17 Figure 9 RADIUS based VLAN asSISNMOeNt ss cas cages dun pete ed Soe we Peas he ea De deg nee eee RENE 20 List of Tables Table AX 4M F
23. es dhcp set security zones security set security zones security traffic system services dhcp zone zone zone zone zone zone zone untrust interfaces ge 0 0 0 0 CorpNet interfaces ge 0 0 1 o CorpNet interfaces ge 0 0 1 0 host inbound CorpNet interfaces fe 0 0 2 0 CorpNet interfaces fe 0 0 2 0 host inbound CorpNet interfaces fe 0 0 3 0 CorpNet interfaces fe 0 0 3 0 host inbound set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone CorpNet trafic match source address any set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone CorpNet traffic match destination address any set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone CorpNet traffic match application an set security policies from traffic then permit set security policies from access match source address set security policies from Yi zone zone any zone CorpNet to zone CorpNet CorpNet to zone untrust CorpNet to zone untrust policy permit egress policy permit egress policy permit egress policy permit egress policy allow internet policy allow internet access match set security access match set security destination address any policies from zone CorpNet application any policies from zone CorpNet to zone untrust policy to zone untrust policy allow internet allow internet access then permit APs configuration The APs set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 s
24. et to zone untrust CorpNet to zone untrust CorpNet to zone untrust CorpNet to zone untrust CorpNet to zone untrust policy permit traffic policy permit traffic policy permit traffic policy permit traffic then policy permit traffic then GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow http dns GuestNet to zone untrust GuestNet to zone untrust GuestNet to zone untrust GuestNet to zone untrust Allow radius trafic from the APs to the radius server set security policies from zone management to zone trust match source address any set security policies from zone management to zone trust match destination address radius set security policies from zone management to zone trust match application junos radius set security policies from zone management to zone trust permit policy allow http dns policy allow http dns policy allow http dns policy allow http dns policy allow radius policy allow radius policy allow radius policy allow radius then AP 1 configuration all the APs are identically configured set wlan access point AP 1 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 set wlan access point AP 1 radio set wlan access point AP 1 radio set wlan access point AP 1 radio set wlan access point AP 1 radio set wlan access point AP 1 radio set wlan access point AP 1 radio radius radius server 192 168 254 set wlan access point AP 1 radio radius radius key juniper set wlan access point AP 1 radio radius session key refresh rate
25. et wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 set wlan access point AP 1 AP 2 set wlan access point AP 2 config is identical to the one in our previous example mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 access point options country US radio radio radio radio mac address 00 12 cf c5 4b 40 1 AL 2 2 virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet 0 security none 0 ssid CorpNet 0 security none Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point set wlan access point AP set wlan access point AP set wlan access point AP set wlan access point AP AP 3 set wlan access point AP 3 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4c 40 AP AP access point options country US radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet 3 set wlan access point 3 access point options country US set wlan access point 3 radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet set wlan access point AP 3 radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none set wlan access point AP 3 radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet Segregating User and Management Traffic In this example VLAN tags are used to separate management traffic from user traffic This configuration can be applied to both L2 and L3 deployment modes From this example on only the L2 mode will be shown
26. eways that support PoE Alternatively an external power supply is provided with each access point that can be used when PoE is not available Hardware Requirements Juniper Networks SRX Series for the branch SRX100 Services Gateway SRX200 line and SRX650 Services Gateway Software Requirements Juniper Networks Junos operating system release 10 0 or later Description and Deployment Scenario AX411 Features The AX411 access point provides support for a wide range of features and protocols targeted for small to medium sized deployments in branch offices The following table summarizes some of the most important characteristics of this product Table 1 AX411 Feature Summary Dual radio support Yes PHY protocols supported 802 11a 802 11b 802 11g and 802 11n 802 11h spectrum and transmit power management extensions Yes 802 Md specification for operation in additional regulatory domains Yes 802 1le quality of service enhancements Yes Number of virtual access points supported Up to 16 per radio 32 total Gigabit Ethernet ports 1 Console port 1 802 1q support Yes Authentication Local and RADIUS MAC authentication Yes HTTP redirect support Yes Access point clustering support Yes in Junos OS 10 1 Copyright O 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 3 APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Operational Model The AX411 access points are managed from bran
27. ily ethernet switching vlan members default set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members CorpNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching native vlan Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 11 APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point siel il set vlans CorpNet vlan id 2 set vlans CorpNet 13 interface vlan 2 set interfaces vlan unit 2 family inet address 192 168 2 1 24 set vlans default vlan id 1 set vlans default 13 interface vlan 1 set interfaces vlan unit 1 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 Security Zones and policies configuration Please note that the vlan 0 interface MUST be assigned to a zone set security zones security zone untrust interfaces ge 0 0 0 0 set security zones security zone management interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic system services dhcp set security zones security zone management interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic system services ping set security zones security zone management interfaces vlan 1 Note that ping is not required in the CorpNet zone as the keepalives are sent only over the management vlan set security zones security zone trust interfaces vlan 2 Note that no security policies are required for the management zone as no through traffic should be allowed from to this zone APs configuration set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan AP
28. ing set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone untrust policy allow internet access match source address any set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone untrust policy allow internet access match destination address any set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone untrust policy allow internet access match application any set security policies from zone CorpNet to zone untrust policy allow internet access then permit 8 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point APs configuration By default all traffic not assigned to a VLAN is send untagged Both radios are used radio 1 in the 5hz band and radio 2 in the 2 4Ghzs band and broadcast the same SSID AP 1 set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan AP 2 set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan AP 3 set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan set wlan access point AP 1 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 access point AP 1 access point options country US access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point 0 security none access point AP 2 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4b 40 access point AP 2 access point options country US access point AP 2 radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet access poin
29. int is connected to a different L3 interface with each requiring the configuration of an IP address a DHCP server security zones and policies Roaming Configuration Client roaming is supported if MAC authentication or no authorization protocol is used If authentication is used clients will have to log in every time they associate to a new access point Roaming will require clients to senda new DHCP request in order to obtain a new IP address The configuration is found under wlan hierarchy In Junos OS release 10 0 each access point has to be configured individually Junos OS 10 1 includes the ability to group access points into clusters where all access points share the same configuration Access points in a cluster exchange both configuration and operational information and do not require operators to make changes to each individual access point The clustering feature will be discussed in a future version of this document Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point wlan access point lt AP name gt mac address lt ap mac address gt This attribute is mandatory description lt AP description gt location lt AP location gt external system console baudrate lt console baudrate gt ports ethernet management vlan lt vlan id gt untagged vlan lt vlan id gt static address lt Access Point address gt gate
30. low Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc 21 APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point 00 24 01 dc a2 7b On On 2 4 9 Mace Net 00 1e 52 7b 96 58 on on 2 4 7 Zippy s Network 00 1d 7e 6e 69 f On Of 2 4 7 DINEZ QUe rg AG Of Of 2 4 6 Leadermed DOR 12519670 dr Of Of 2 4 6 linksys 00 16 b6 db le 7f On On 2 4 6 Crown Capital Advisors Use the show wlan access points AP 1 virtual access points to display the list of configured VAPs and their traffic statistics gt show wlan access points AP 1 virtual access points Virtual access points information Access point name AP 1 Radiol VAPO SSID CorpNet MAC Address 00 12 CF C5 4A 40 VLAN ID 2 Trafic Statistics Input Bytes Output Bytes Input Packets Output Packets VAP1 SSID MAC Address VLAN ID Trafic Statistics Input Bytes Output Bytes Input Packets Output Packets Radio2 VAPO SSID MAC Address VLAN ID Traffic Statistics Input Bytes Output Bytes Input Packets Output Packets 24114 72798 87 401 GuestNet 00 12 CF C5 4A 41 3 1113907 10631368 8805 9169 CorpNet 00 12 CF C5 4A 50 2 12015788 1100232 10917 6138 The show wlan access points AP 1 client associations displays the list of configured VAPs and their traffic statistics gt show wlan access points AP 1 client associations Access point client associations information Access point AP 1 VAP Client MAC Address Auth Packets Rx
31. mily inet address 192 168 3 1 24 set wlan access point AP 1 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4a 40 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point vlan 3 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point security dotlx radius server 192 168 254 2 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 1 virtual access point security dotlx radius key juniper set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point ssid CorpNet set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point vlan 3 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point security dotlx radius server 192 168 254 2 set wlan access point AP 1 radio 2 virtual access point security dotlx radius key juniper By default users will be placed in vlan 3 GuestNet unless the RADIUS server assigns the VLAN ID 2 in which case the user will access the CorpNet 20 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Administration and Monitoring Monitoring The branch SRX Series gateways also provide monitoring commands allowing users to obtain real time information of the status of access points and associated clients When an access point monitoring command is invoked the SRX Series connects to the appropriate access point and pulls the required status information This section shows a summary of the monitoring commands and their output
32. one GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress match application junos dns udp set security policies from zone GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress then permit firewall authentication pass through access profile fw auth set security policies from zone GuestNet to zone untrust policy allow egress then 18 Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point permit firewall authentication pass through web redirect The access profile configuration specifies the address and secret of the radius server set access profile fw auth authentication order radius set access profile fw auth radius server 192 168 254 2 port 1812 set access profile fw auth radius server 192 168 254 2 secret 9S1I6v87wYojHm VHEmfT 9evwW FW Auth settings set access firewall authentication pass through default profile fw auth set access firewall authentication web authentication default profile fw auth set access firewall authentication web authentication banner success GuestNet AP1 configuration set set set set wlan wlan wlan wlan access point access point access point access point AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 authentication type radius set set set set set set set wlan wlan wlan wlan wlan wlan wlan access point access point access point access point access point access point access point AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1 AP 1
33. pNet are tagged with VLAN tag 2 Clients associated to GuestNET are tagged with VLAN tag 3 Figure 8 Firewall authentication In this example both radios broadcast both SSIDs CorpNet and GuestNet simultaneously so clients can associate using either of the following protocols to any SSID 802 11a b g or n Enable the http connections to the vlan 3 interface where the captive portal will be used set set set set set set set set system system system system system system system system The 192 168 3 2 address DHCP pool the services web management http interface vlan 3 services dhcp name server 4 2 2 2 services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 services dhcp pool 192 168 1 0 24 al address range low 192 168 1 2 il 1 services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 2 2 address range high 192 168 1 254 router 192 168 1 1 address range low 192 168 2 2 address range high 192 168 2 254 router 192 168 2 1 services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 services dhcp pool 192 168 2 0 24 so it must be excluded from is used by the local portal set set set system services dhcp system services dhcp system services dhcp Interfaces and VLANs configuration previous examples pool 192 168 pool 192 168 pool 192 168 is 3 0 24 address range low 192 168 3 3 3 0 24 address range high 192 168 3 254 3 0 24 router 192 168 3 1 almost identical to the one shown in set interfaces set interfaces
34. pools 192 168 1 0 24 192 168 2 0 24 192 168 3 0 24 OFFICE RA l ge 0 0 3 0 fe 192 168 3 1 24 A A SRX l ge 0 0 2 0 Series MA fed E INTERNET PS Client A A RE ge 0 0 1 0 192 168 11 24 Ports All access point facing ports are connected to interfaces in switching mode and associated to the default vlan Figure 2 L3 management mode Analogous to these customer traffic can be forwarded using either one of these modes on a per access point basis i e any given access point can be connected to the gateway either in L2 or L3 mode With this in mind it is important to understand the different tradeoffs between these modes Table 2 L2 vs L3 Forwarding Mode FEATURE Access point to access point communication and client to client communication when clients are in different access points L2 MODE Done in hardware at line rate but without any security inspection L3 MODE Firewall and UTM services are available but at the expense of forwarding performance Firewall authentication Not supported for L2 switched traffic Yes Client to client isolation Not always possible proxy arp can be Yes used to force all client to client traffic to be sent to the gateway where security policies can be enforced QoS Not supported for client to client traffic Yes Configuration complexity Simpler configuration since a single L3 interface is shared between all access points Complex as each access po
35. red to allow DHCP traffic into each zone and PING into the management zone set security zones security zone set security zones security zone system services dhcp set security zones security zone system services ping set security zones security zone system services dhcp set security zones security zone GuestNet interfaces vlan 3 host inbound traffic system services dhcp The radius server is attached to the trust zone set security zones security zone trust address book address radius 192 168 254 2 32 set security zones security zone trust interfaces ge 0 0 7 0 untrust interfaces ge 0 0 0 0 management interfaces vlan 1 host inbound traffic management interfaces vlan l host inbound traffic CorpNet interfaces vlan 2 host inbound traffic Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point Security Policies set security policies from zone match source address any set security policies from zone match destination address any set security policies from zone match application any set security policies from zone permit set security policies from zone count set security policies from zone match source address any set security policies from zone match destination address any set security policies from zone match application junos http set security policies from zone match application junos dns udp set security policies from zone then permit CorpN
36. ring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point The access request message contains the following attributes which can be used by the RADIUS server to grant or deny access to clients in particular note the access point MAC IP address and SSID info User Name 00 12 00 00 00 00 User Password NOPASSWORD NAS IP Address 192 168 1 3 Called Station Id 00 DE AD 10 75 00 CorpNet Calling Station Id 00 12 00 00 00 00 NAS Port Type Wireless 802 11 Connect Info CONNECT 11Mbps 802 11b When using RADIUS authentication it is important to remember that the RADIUS requests originated from the management address of each access point must be permitted by the firewall policies Creating Multiple Wireless Networks Using VAPs A requirement for many organizations is to segment their networks so a more granular access control can be enforced In this example we will separate the network into two different zones The Corporate zone with a CorpNet SSID will enforce encryption using Wi Fi Protected Access WPA and RADIUS authentication The Guest zone with a Guest SSID will be open but will only allow HTTP and Domain Name System DNS traffic to the Internet Two VAPs will be used each with a single SSID and each associated to a VLAN Traffic from clients associated to the CorpNet SSID will be tagged using VLAN tag 2 while traffic for the Guest network will be tagged with VLAN tag 3 In order to provi
37. set interfaces trunk set interfaces default set interfaces interface range interface range interface range interface range interface range APs APs APs APs APs member ge 0 0 1 member range fe 0 0 2 to fe 0 0 3 unit 0 family ethernet switching port mode unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members Copyright O 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point CorpNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching vlan members GuestNet set interfaces interface range APs unit 0 family ethernet switching native vlan id default set interfaces ge 0 0 0 unit 0 family inet address 198 0 0 1 24 set interfaces ge 0 0 7 unit 0 family inet address 192 168 254 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 1 family inet address 192 168 1 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 2 family inet address 192 168 2 1 24 set interfaces vlan unit 3 family inet address 192 168 3 1 24 set vlans CorpNet vlan id 2 set vlans CorpNet 13 interface vlan 2 set vlans GuestNet vlan id 3 set vlans GuestNet 13 interface vlan 3 set vlans default vlan id 1 set vlans default 13 interface vlan 1 The address 192 168 3 2 is where the local captive portal listens for http requests set interfaces vlan unit 3 family inet address 192 168 3 2 24 web authentication http Security Zones configuration The host inbound http must be allowed
38. t AP 2 radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none access point AP 2 radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet access point AP 3 mac address 00 12 cf c5 4c 40 access point AP 3 access point options country US access point AP 3 radio 1 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet access point 3 radio 1 virtual access point 0 security none access point 3 radio 2 virtual access point 0 ssid CorpNet The AX411 access points use the concept of a Virtual Access Point VAP A VAP appears to the wireless client as a single independent access point advertising a single service set identifier SSID In our first configuration only a single SSID is advertised and this signifies that a single VAP on each radio is being used L3 Management Mode In this mode each access point is connected to a different L3 interface Since each interface belongs to a different subnet clients will get their addresses assigned from a pool based on the access point to which they are associated DHCP Each interface handles out addresses from a different pool OFFICE l ge 0 0 0 0 trust Eo 192 168 1 1 24 AP 00 de ad 10 75 00 A N i SRX ge 0 0 0 0 ge 0 0 0 0 trust Series untrust 192 168 2 1 24 o 198 0 0 1 24 Pa INTERNET METE A N 00 de ad 10 76 00 ge 0 0 0 0 192 168 3 1 24 AP 3 00 de ad 10 77 00 CorpNet SSID A single broadcast SSID is advertised Figure 4 L3 management mode example Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks
39. way lt default gateway gt dotix supplicant username lt username gt password lt password gt access point options country lt country where the AP is located gt This is used for regulatory purposes The AP will only transmit in the bands allowed by each regulatory domain station mac filter Allow and deny list of mac addresses used for local mac authentication radio lt 1 2 gt quality of service 00S configuration options radio options Phy layer configuration options such as transmit power channel mode etc virtual access point lt 0 15 gt virtual access point configuration options including SSID security and http redirect options Copyright 2009 Juniper Networks Inc APPLICATION NOTE Configuring and Deploying the AX411 Wireless Access Point The configuration is divided into three sections the external radio and options sections The external section is used to specify the basic access point parameters used to manage the device including its address when DHCP is not used VLAN ID used for management traffic and native VLAN ID i e VLAN ID used for untagged traffic In order to comply with the different regulatory domains each access point must be configured with the name of the country where it is being deployed This is done under the access point options and it is used to determine the range of channels and maximum transmit power
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