Sony Laptop MD Walkman MZ-R70
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1. Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations easier to get a better synchronisation between words and pictures Make sure that you don t record the noise of the mouse clicks I ve been there and they are difficult to get rid of Listen to the acoustic of the room that you are using for the recording Try to find a fairly neutral or dead room i e with little echo it is easier to add a little reverbera tion at a later date than it is to try and reduce a noticeable echo Having made your recordings you will need to load them onto your computer Be methodical Give your recordings meaningful names or give them a serial number and enter the information into a spreadsheet or database Unlike most pictures sounds can be hard to identify at a later date It is of course possible to plug a microphone into the sound card of your computer and record a commentary directly using a program such as WavePad Wavosaur Audacity Reaper etc There is a downside to this approach and that is the noise created by your computer It is surprising just how much noise can be created by cooling fans and hard drives However if you do not have a recorder give this method a go To make your recording plug your microphone into the mic socket on your sound card and then open Wavepad The method is the same as that described on page 5 with the following exceptions With the New File window open fig 5 click on mono When you open the Recording Control fig2. all good news outside broadcasts Given the price of these things it may be worth experimenting with making your own Try using some fake fur and line it with satin The fur needs to be fairly dense to be effective You may get some funny looks in the shop but suggest that you hold the material to your ear and give it a tweak to see if it makes a noise am sure the magistrate will understand 25 03 2009 Page 12 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Some things to consider when making a recording Let s state the obvious the recording should be appropriate to your AV The sound of steam trains does not readily fit with pictures of ducks Check for unwanted background noises Be patient you may have to wait for some time to get the right sounds It s a bit like waiting for the right light when taking a pic ture If you are recording in stereo make sure the sense is correct It looks odd if the pic tures show an object moving left to right and its sound goes right to left Get as close as you can to your subject to ensure an adequate sound level Keep an eye on your recording levels and remember not to overload your recorder or you will get distorted sound Make at least twice the number of recordings that you think you will need and record everything If you don t use it now you may well do sometime in the future Make notes about your recordings as soon as you finish them If you intend to record a commentary there a
3. id il E AH added to tracks Note that some recordings have been 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 added to existing tracks If you now click on the Play but 5 Gotoend 6 Read 7 Repeat ton in the Transport Control see figures 25 and 31 you should be able to hear the project that you have just cre ated Click on File gt Save and save your project Right we are now cooking on charcoal but not yet gas Fig 31 Transport Controls This is a good place to give some hints on navigating around the screen See figure 30 for locations of various tools To zoom in horizontally click on the at the right hand end of the horizontal scroll bar To zoom out click the To zoom in vertically click the at the bottom of the vertical scroll bar When you zoom in the top track may disappear off the top of the screen so drag the scroll bar to bring it back down To zoom out click the The play cursor can be positioned by clicking in the edit area You will notice that the cursor will snap to the nearest beat marker if the grid is turned on This can be a pain so click on Options in the top tool bar and select Snap grid Settings and check turn on Show grid and uncheck turn off Enable snapping The play cursor can now be positioned at will To start and stop playback tap the space bar Scrubbing will ignore all remarks With playback stopped click and hold on the top of the playback cursor in the time line the pointer turns to a hand a
4. Audio Visual Presentations Creating a CD from a Reaper project Record the music from tape into Reaper making sure that the peak volume stays at or just below 1 Teak Gait ee i OdB as shown on the recording bar graph Atthe amp E pi 0 0038 center end of the recording it will ask if you want to save EEA ETA Gnr the file Save it as a WAV file This is your master file and should save you having to re record if you make a pig s ear of the editing v inesered valid amp REAPER v2 53 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use a Fik Edt View Trach Op oma Feat Artiom Help fat LOGH ibit 2G ita 230 0ra DerecGioud ll GOwemreanaaws You should now have a j E A ii a 0 00 T kam Piar i2 00 00 150000 Pise th t k eee er ge in a aradaaaoiniii DAI 5 aA NEPETO A aoet te ibatan thing like this See a PIET EEN aa FOETA By WE VATNE Ahay art AE LAAen iaman ndita FR Rg Te OWA ee cae ee eee yer MAN w ty Be Reni tad dee ate dai 7 ee ene Sonin Mee ean Wac Aer Aa rei a If you want to remove some songs from the track do the following Place the cursor at the be ginning of the song you want to cut out and press 5 S now place the cursor at the end of the song and press S click on the song you want to remove to highlight it and press De ue ORR ere Ch moe doem jan poi fit Heit Pew uwedne d Raiga jo Rewdloey Gh yapliy mathe iTS lete You now have
5. If you have set a fade in or fade out this will remain set as you shorten the item so play the item to see if it still makes sense Selecting a section of an item If you only want a small section of an item proceed as follows Highlight the item by clicking on it Place your cursor on the time line make sure it does not change to a hand at the start of the section you require Click hold and drag the cursor to the end position of the section you require This will set two markers with the section between them highlighted Right click with your cursor over the item and select Trim items to selected area Deleting an item Highlight an item by clicking on it and press the delete key Creating a new track Press control and T Deleting a track Click on the channel strip that is the bit at the very left hand end of a track with the buttons level meter and sliders make sure it is highlighted and then press delete 25 03 2009 Page 21 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Moving a track Click and hold on the channel strip of the track to be moved and drag it up or down There are many methods of editing in Reaper as with cats and skinning but the above should enable you to do most of the common tasks Remember my computing motto if there is a button press it and see what happens Effects and processes in Reaper This is where the mucky stuff starts to creep over the top of my waders You may have noticed that when you
6. Ix e the dialog box as shown Rendering options Sample rate 44100 v HZ OMono Stereo Make sure the Output format Resample mode has been set to Audio CD Im Render entire project O Render custom age CU E BIN format cocoa ena 1747 701 raro Output file If you want to set a silent period before each song set Lead in L Render stems selected tracks to similarly named files Render master mix Silence for tracks to one or two Add items to new tracks in project when finished C Dith was Linh thousand milliseconds one or Output format Audio CO Image CUE BIN format Noise shaping two seconds Lead in silence for tracks o mz Extra lead in silence for disc o ris Track mode Set the Track mode to Markers 7 Bum CD image after render C Only use markers starting with define new tracks hence the C Save a copy of current project to out_filename wav RPP is of markers we did ear Be sure to tick the Burn CD image after render box Place a blank CD in your disk drive Sy ees ea When everything has been ticked or selected click on render Method The screen shown here should appear Set the s Eject CD when done m ie teach ec tatiies Method to cdrecord cdrtools Drive should auto a matically show your CD writing drive Tick Eject Track Name Duration CD when done and Delete CD image files when sue done boxes Click on Burn With any luck and a following wind you should now ha
7. MD Walkman MZ R70 Now discontinued but may be available on the Internet Re cording media are mini disks These are similar to floppy disks remember them Each replaceable disk gives 80 minutes recording time and they are rewriteable Fig 20 Sony Mini Disc recorder My recorder can be quite noisy when working so it is advisable to keep the recorder in your pocket or bag to avoid interference on your recording You will need to purchase a microphone to work with this type of recorder Microphones Buy the best that you can afford but do make sure that it is compatible with your recorder Most microphones hiss to some extent this coupled with the low level noise from micro phone pre amplifiers can be fairly intrusive on very quiet recordings It can be quite diffi cult to remove the hiss from recordings although some people are adept at taking Fig 21 ECM MS907 microphone Powered by AA bat the hiss so try to avoid it in the first place by 25 03 2009 Page 11 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations purchasing a reasonable quality microphone If possible check the recorder microphone combination before you buy Some types of microphone condensers need to have a 48 volt bias applied to them before they will give a signal and lots of small recorders are not capable of providing this bias voltage so please check compatibility You will also have to decide if you intend to record in mono or stereo
8. Master track Applying an effect insert or processor to the Master track With the Mixer on screen click on the FX button of the Master channel strip and then proceed as per a track effect insert ReaGate ad ReaComp EFFECT INSERTS E MASTER J 0 0008 center EFFECTS BUTTON Z t _ EFFECTS ON OFF Fig 46 Master channel strip Shown in Mixer 25 03 2009 Page 23 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Applying a Dynamics Processor to a track Why should want to do that Good question I m glad you asked It will enable you to remove reduce or boost specific bands of frequencies within your recording Let s say you have made a recording in the great outdoors on a windy day and you have a rumble caused by the wind blowing over the microphone If you reduce the lower frequencies it will reduce the rumble It may not remove it completely but it will lessen its impact E In the example shown in figure cen 7 Uea 47 have inserted the Cockos 2 Joa ReaFir FFT EQ Dynamics Note ea in the FX Browser click on Cockos in the left hand box and a list of effects processors and instruments synthesisers produced by Cockos will be listed j H Clicking on one of the white a Remove maae e S10 e rae a e Hint shitmovessegnensctinowe an SPOLS and dragging it down will H J reduce the level of the frequen cies shown immediately below along the bottom
9. a gap so click and hold on the right hand side of the track and drag it to the left so that it butts up to the left hand side Repeat this with any other songs you want to remove You now have an ed ited track so press control S to save the project This will not affect your master WAV file Now to create an audio CD unsaved project REAPER v2 53 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use Ll x Fie Edt View Trach Opoons eet Action Help 93L0GHe ibt 2 erh otp 25 0 0 irre DrecGiousd JS uimgr s S B e E E kh oO pam 300 00 pzm hanis ex I Tisd ii Y N EES AS ag dt annant vanoas aR A pa eee meas ERR AS ss SNA q a O aah eI C l riita Ai sirri al DEN T G PES shegi urt AAE nr reer nrar PREE TOENN aaeoa aT ll STENEN babi ada tee perai aa 7 Jisai DAO he Nis paid tA tt ae An re a tg ttf j We need to mark the start of each song as follows it is not necessary to mark the start of the first song Place the cursor at the start of the second song and press M place the cursor at the start of the third song and press M continue the mark the x2 Hie ari hite turane pease E j NHP EN He 12 50 036 Stored m terren To own DaN ne ze Start of all remaining songs The screen should now look T something like this OL 25 03 2009 Page 29 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations We can now start to write an audio CD Go to File gt Render Render to file
10. hand side in the FX Browser and then choose VST ReaComp Cockos When the compressor appears click on Preset and choose Master Bus NY Comp This is one that have found to work for me Make sure Auto make up and Limit output are ticked Play your sound track The amount of reduction being applied at any time will be shown by the left hand level meter Shown in dB hope that you will be able to detect the difference that the compressor is making FX chain Master Track Fx Edit Options WOT ReaCome Cockos Comment ie Preset stock Master Bus N Y Comp B x a JOC ReaComp Envelope Pre comp HO Attack EJ l Release EL Classic attack Auto release Ratio 4 p Output mis some Knee size i Detector input Main Input L A v Lowpass gi JE Highpass i Ei l Pee Auto make up Threshold FMS size yl i _ m AA Hone Ba A Limit output Add Remove 0 340 34 CPU 070 spls Fig 49 Cockos ReaComp compressor applied to the Master Track At this instant it is showing a reduction of 3 6 dB on one of the loud bits 25 03 2009 Page 25 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Let s take a break from all this technical stuff and have a play Adding synthesised sounds to your soundtrack Adding an Arctic Wind Start a new project Right click in the channel strip area and select Insert virtual in strument on new track A list of virtual instruments will be shown in the Do
11. in the order you require You should now get an idea of the timings involved Take a note of the duration of each section of the sequence and jot down what sounds should accompany each section This will help you assemble your sound track with out too much switching between programs 1 Blank jpg 3 001 jpg 4 002 jpg 5 017 jpg 6 004 jpg 7 003 jpg 8 005 jpg 9 006 jpg 10 007 jpg 0 10s 15s Rain fade fadef rain and thunder 50s Fig 26 Time line 25 03 2009 Page 15 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Start Reaper by double clicking on its icon K2 REAPER Open a new project by selecting File gt New Project File Edit Track Options Insert Actions Help Click on View in the toolbar and tick the following o ho Terence se items Show Docker Show Transport Show Mixer 9 722 ke Show Undo History Show Navigator and Show Media e heee nal Explorer Note the drop down box will close after you oc tick an item so just click on View again and select the sia a aout next item The selected items will appear in the sii heart ni Docker at the bottom of the window see fig 27 and fig Show Media Explorer CirieAltex 28 au inie N Time Unit for Ruler gt h Mixer ae ov Fig 28 Docker tabs shown at the bottom of the main window a mii Go to cursor Go to play cursor Next right click on the timeline see fig 25 and select ce keimrear Minutes Seconds from the popup box
12. look at the Holystone field trip page it s not every day you hear a recording of falling snow Fancy a challenge How about producing a soundtrack and then fitting pictures to it Before we dive into the wonderful world of sound recording would like to mention a few things to be aware of Learn to listen It can be incredibly noisy out there So much so that we filter out a lot of everyday background noise Do we consciously hear traffic noise Not very often It can be very annoying to make a recording get it home play it back and find that some swine was using a chainsaw in the woods half a mile away Traffic and the like is not the only extraneous noise to be aware of We went to Wicken Fen in Cambridgeshire for a day out It is a fairly quiet location so made some recordings of the wind in the reeds the birds and the insects When listened to them at home found that must have been very hungry on that day because the most dominant sound was that of my stomach rumbling Hey ho Do try to record the everyday sounds they may be useful one day Treat your sound recording device as you would your camera Take it with you when you take your camera and use it Enough of my ramblings Let s have a look at what we need and how it s done 25 03 2009 Page 9 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Recording equipment Recorders There are three essential pieces of equipment that you will need A recording ma chine o
13. of the graph Additional points can be added to the red line by clicking anywhere along its length With the recording playing you will see two wave forms a light grey one and a brighter yellow one The light grey one shows the fre quencies and their levels in the original recording and the yellow one shows the modified output Try turning the processor on and off to check its effect on the re cording Hint Remember the on off button under the FX button in the channel strip see figures 42 and 46 Fig 47 Cockos ReaFir Processor applied to a track Applying Reverb to a track Not another good question If you remember what said way back on page 14 about recording commentaries in a dead room and adding a little reverb later well this is where we add said reverb A reverberation will add a little life to a recording Be FX chain Tack 1 Track a careful though it does not al BA VST FeeVabate Caches Comment JiemJ Ways sound natural and if you RRA are going to add it make sure it is applied to everything that is san sez a meant to have been recorded an oo at the same time Initial Delay ED 0 ms Lowpass D 13664 Hz Hohas HED U he Apply Cockos ReVerbate to the track Click on the down arrow on Presets and load one that takes your fancy Try them all The degree of effect can be al eat Gm tered by adjusting the Wet Dry balance Have fun Fig 48 Cockos ReVerbat
14. on the Wavepad transport control tool bar black square and stop your tape recorder The Wavepad Record Control window should look something like fig 9 Record Control File Into Recording Hame Jj mtitlect d Device Realtek HD Front Green Jac Playback Input Device Advanced Record Options D efault sound Out wf ba Volume Volume Ole Ice Fig 9 Showing that something has actually been recorded Fareen 0 01 54 y Press the go to start of track A button just to the right of the black square stop button and z then press the green play but ton With any luck you should hear what you have just re corded Now press the red close button top right hand corner on the _ Record Control window The 91 recorded file should now be MS Shown in the main Wavepad window Very well done All that remains now is to edit out the silence at the beginning and end of the track and we are home and dry Cavedoed rere sfna fee vanch conaire gt gt rieh bere or Fig 10 Recorded track with left hand end selected for deletion va Stet DODD Sdlegh GUO 445 gt d ss a M g _ tnt DOTA Felmgh UAS Serpe Rae 44100 Stereo To remove the silence at the be ginning of the track place your pointer just before the first peak of the music and holding down the left hand mouse button drag the cu
15. 7 select the Microphone If the sound level is insufficient select the Advanced option and tick the boost option Everything else is much the same except that instead of recording a music track you will have recorded your commentary It takes some practice to get a good commentary re corded but persevere you will get there eventually Editing a commentary However good your recording of the commentary it will probably need editing to a lesser or greater degree Itis a sat pi process x as Open Wavepad and load your recording _ Play back your recording and make a note fem of the sections that need removing Zoom in on the first section to be edited see fig 24 Place the cursor at the beginning of the sec tion to be removed left click and hold and drag to the end of the section to be re moved Press the delete key Play that sec tion of the recording to see if it sounds OK If not select Edit Undo Control Z and meee have another go Proceed to the next sec tof tion to be removed and repeat the process Fig 24 Tee opened in Wavepad with section for removal suggest that you save the edited file with a marked different name so that you still keep your original file You may need the original again sometime Right that is the basics Let s go and play with the big boys 25 03 2009 Page 14 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Creating a soundtrack using Reaper Install Reaper as shown in the a
16. IK Multimedia VST Digital Versatile Compressor STANDARD Michael Gruhn YST mda De ess VST mda Splitter My Folders YST Big Tick Dual Delay YST Dither Michael Gruhn YST mda Degrade YST mda Stereo YST Big Tick Hexaline YST dominion signal modeller digitalfishphones YST mda Delay YST mda SubSynth Favorites WYST Big Tick NastyShaper YST Drum Trigger SynthEdit SynthEdit www synthedit com mono WST mda Detune YST mda Talkbox YST BLOCKFISH compressor digitalfishphones VST DTBIkFx DT YST mda Dither YST mda TestT one WYST Chrissy SynthEdit SynthE dit www synthedit com VST DTBIkFx DT mono YST mda DubDelay YST mda Thruzero YST Classic Auto Filter Kjaerhus Audio YST endorphin compressor digitalfishphones YST mda Dynamics YST mda Tracker YST Classic Chorus Kjaerhus Audio YST Exciter Michael Gruhn YST mda Envelope YST mda Yoclnput WST Classic Compressor Kjaerhus Audio VST externalizer YST mda Image VST mda Vocoder VST Classic Delay Kjaerhus Audio YST FLOORFISH de esser digitalfishphones YST mda Leslie VST MSE 1 Eric Bee lt j gt Fig 41 Just a few of the effects processors and instruments that are provided with Reaper Fear not There is no way am going to explain them all because have no idea what most of them do will try to explain the use of just three of them a dynamics processor a reverb and a compressor Applying effects and processes general method E
17. Reaper making sure that you I have saved the latest version C Automatically close when finished Open your AV program add the sound track and run the AV Cancel Fig 40 Rendering the project to an mp3 file can hear the cries now Hold on I didn t get that last fade in the right place Oh woe is me for am undone Well do yourself up and don t panic If the soundtrack is not exactly as you want open Reaper again it should automati cally load the last project you had open Now make the necessary adjustments Save the project and then render the project again If you do not change the output file name it will overwrite the previous mp3 file with the new version it will ask if you want to overwrite In PTE you do not need to change the soundtrack file because the file name has not changed Continue this process ad nauseam 25 03 2009 Page 20 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Editing in Reaper Non destructive editing As have mentioned before Reaper uses non destructive editing to create your project When you drag an item from the Media Explorer into a track what you see on screen is a representation of the item recording not the original item Therefore if you change the characteristics of an item on screen you do not change the original recording Let us say that you have shortened an item Reaper will just use play the section of the recording you have chosen So long as you do not overwri
18. SOUNDTRACKS FOR AUDIO VISUAL PRESENTATIONS A GUIDE BY ALLAN BRINK WORTH Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations CONTENTS Preface Introduction Obtaining a track from a music CD Obtaining a track from a cassette tape Shortening a music track Field Recording Recording equipment some things to consider when making a recording Editing a commentary Creating a soundtrack using Reaper Editing in Reaper Effects and processes in Reaper Play Time Conclusion Appendix Creating an audio CD in Reaper sources of programs mentioned in this document 10 13 14 15 21 22 26 2 28 29 31 25 03 2009 Page 2 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Preface My objective here is to help you to produce soundtracks to add to your Audio Visual AV presentations There are a number of computer programs available that will enable you to produce AVs The two most popular in our club are Pictures to EXE and ProShow Gold Using this software has been or will be described by other members of the club software for audio production is readily available and ranges in price from free to many hundreds of pounds The main program that will use in this guide is called Cockos Reaper The license for non commercial use at the time of writing costs 50 US For what this program offers consider this to be an absolute bargain You can download an un crippled copy of Reaper and use it forever without buyi
19. This makes it g SESSioeman a little easier to sort out timings Sag Mens al rece j See ce in items We can now start to add recordings to our project Fig 27 View drop down menu Make sure that your loudspeakers or headphones are turned on Click on the Media Explorer tab in the Docker and navigate to the folder that con tains the recordings that you want to use Make sure that the Auto play items button is ticked Click on the first recording that you want to use it should start to play a preview Click and hold on the recording in the Media Explorer and drag it into the editing or more correctly Talk Oroject modified REAPER w2 53 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use lr Fq Fik Edt View Trach Op oma Feat Action Heb 93 LOGHe ibt 2 arh ile 25 0 0rre DrecGoud THH eaa the sequencing area A anm auew uo Pei I new track containing your or a a Nini recording will be created To add additional re cordings click on the next item in the Media Explorer i and drag it up into the ed TITTT DOA E iting area and place it just e 2 Zamir vw oo below the first track Let ime Gisteremecetne rere SS go of the mouse button aS noes oes and a new track will be joie SERIES ER created containing your RTE eee Suae recording below the first e ape eee track Continue to add a a your required recordings Fig 29 Media Explor
20. change to a quadrant of a circle with two little arrows pointing left and right Click and hold and drag it to the right A curved line should appear at the left hand side of the item box as in figure 33 Solo the track and play this item and you will be able to hear it fade in A fade out can be achieved by clicking holding and dragging on the top right cor ner of an item The shape of the fade in or fade out can be changed by right clicking when the fade cursor is selected see figure 34 FADE CURSOR Fig 33 An item faded in and out Fig 34 Fade in shapes It is very often the case that an item needs to be faded down and back up again at some point Needless to say that this can be achieved in Reaper will endeavour to illustrate the easier aye ee mi EE Av Mood ad pes Meee away TRACK ENVELOPE AUTOMATION BUTTON x Automation mode a v Track Envelopes LIST OF AVAILABLE AUTOMATION lt Volume gt lt Visible x an Pan 5d Visble be Am ENVELOPES FOR THIS TRACK Volume Pre F gt Visible gt lt Arm C Pan Pre Fx lt Visible lt Arm Mute lt Visible x lt Arm fi av GW BO ATT iii jpeg In the track in which you want to adjust r RAE ALLL AEPA RIE the volume click on the Track envelope PER 5 Y automation button figure 35 and check select Volume A line
21. ck that corresponds to the required length of the music say three minutes This time is indicated at the bottom right of mm the screen in the box marked g Start Click and hold the left mouse button and drag the cur sor to the end of the track Let go of the mouse button The se lected area will be highlighted in blue as shown in figure 12 If the 2 E A EE CPUC eo Start of the selected area is not Fig 11 Wavepad with track ready for editing quite in the correct position place your cursor over the left hand side of the highlighted region until a horizontal line with two arrowheads appears Click and hold the left mouse button and move the cursor until the correct time is indicated in the Start box When correct release the mouse button Now press the Delete key on your keyboard You should now have a track of the desired length tock uwi o araa Tar Hen e 7 8 Music that comes to an abrupt Bier EOE ET NYS halt does not always sound good TE ET a a ad te T and so we need to fade out the track Select a region at the end of the track as described above Five to ten seconds should make a good fade out but the choice is yours With the area for fade highlighted in blue select Effects from the toolbar and then click on Fade Out Play the end of the track to see if it works as re quired If not press Control Z _ to undo the change adjust the selected area and try again Fig 12 Right ha
22. cker Se lect VSTi mda JX10 synth A new track will be inserted and the synthesiser will be shown in the FX box Click on the down arrow on the right hand side of the third se lection box from the top scroll down until you see Arctic Wind and click on it In the main toolbar click on View and select Show Virtual MIDI Keyboard shortcut Alt B Click on the notes of the MIDI keyboard Voila an arctic wind sound If you want to record this sound make sure that the new track is armed for recording by checking that the Record Arm Disarm button at the left hand side of the track channel strip is red If it isn t click on it Click on the Record button in the Transport Control Reaper will start to record Play note s on the MIDI keyboard To stop recording click on stop black square button in the transport control Try some of the other presets and instruments Using everyday sounds as notes on a keyboard It is possible to set the MIDI keyboard to use Hte common or not so common sounds as notes o Record short sounds about a second or so of Hine ath sees things such as drips clicks raspberries etc In see SErt a Virtual instrument in a new track as de scribed above Select VSTi ReaSamplOmatic wl 5000 as the virtual instrument Click on Browse CS ae navigate to your recordings and select one of ee z the short samples The one used here just hap i pens to be a raspberry being blown by mouth i Op
23. click on the FX Browser tab in the Docker you see a vast array of names like those shown in figure 41 They are all effects proces sors and instruments that can be applied to your recordings Al Plugins B DX G 711 Codec VST Classic EQ Kiaerhus Audio VST Freeverb Dreampoint VST mda Limiter Dx Dx Nero Sound Processor YST Classic Flanger Kjaerhus Audio VST leveler VST mda Loudness DXi DX Nero Sound Switcher VST Classic Master Limiter Kjaerhus Audio YST Listen Mic Compressor Solid State Logic Ltd YST mda Multiband VST Dx Wavelab EQ 1 VST Classic Phaser Kjaerhus Audio YST M S Decoder Michael Gruhn YST mda Overdrive ReWire REAPER VST Classic Reverb Kjaerhus Audio YST M S Encoder Michael Gruhn VST mda PitchTrack VSTi VST 1973 Equalizer Stillwell Audio YST CleanComp YST Major Tom Compressor Stillwell Audio YST mda RePsycho Js YST 3 Band EQ Michael Gruhn YST crossfeed_eq SynthEdit SynthE dit wyw synthedit com YST Makunouchi Bento Big Tick YST mda RezFilter Instruments YST 3 Band Joiner Michael Gruhn YST Delay Michael Gruhn YST mda Bandisto YST mda RingMod Rewire YST 3 Band Splitter Michael Gruhn 2 gt 6ch YST Digital Versatile Compressor LITE Michael Gruhn YST mda BeatBox YST mda RoundPan Cockos YST Advanced Peak 1 Limiter Michael Gruhn YST Digital Versatile Compressor MASTER Michael Gruhn YST mda Combo VST mda Shepard FX Chains VST AmpliTubeLE VST
24. cord quality settings Fitted with internal Lithium lon battery sockets for headphones and microphone 0 25 jack sockets Connects to PC via USB2 cable Supplied complete with stereo microphone ear bud headphones r and charger Fig 16 Cost Microtrack 2 about 199 M Audio Microtrack24 96 25 03 2009 Page 10 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations With the flash memory recorders files can be downloaded to your PC via USB Fire wire depending on model or the memory card can be removed from the recorder and plugged into the PC directly or via a card reader This system is quick and easy Two of our club members Roger and Paul have recently bought the Zoom H2 port able recorder and have been reasonably please with the results they have obtained with it The Zoom H2 is very portable records in stereo uses compact flash memory cards is powered by two AA batteries and at the time of writing costs about 160 Fig 17 The Zoom H2 Fig 18 Zoom H2 with Compact Flash memory card Fig 19 Size comparison with compact camera The Mini Disk recorder shown below is used by at least two club members However with this model the recording has to be played back in real time and loaded into the PC ina manner similar to the method described earlier under the heading Obtaining a track from a tape recorder Later mini disk recorders allow the transfer of recordings via USB Sony
25. e applied to a track 25 03 2009 Page 24 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Adding a compressor to the Master track Herewith a very simplistic explanation of compression A recording with a big differ ence between high volume and low volume is said to have a high dynamic range In extreme cases the louds will be far too loud and the softs will be inaudible A com pressor will reduce the level of the loud passages it evens out the volume levels This means that you will be able to turn up the volume to hear the soft bits without the loud bits bursting your eardrums Try listening to a classical concert on Radio 3 in the car Unless you are driving a Roller it will be difficult to hear everything without playing with the volume To the best of my somewhat limited knowledge Radio 3 uses little or no compression Now try listening to Classic FM The problem is not so acute because they apply compression to their output The more compression you apply the less will be the dynamic range In terms of digital images think of dragging the black and white points towards the middle in the levels adjustment tool The tonal range is compressed would suggest that the compressor is applied to the final output of your soundtrack That is apply the compressor in the Master track Proceed as follows Open the Mixer by clicking on the Mixer tab in the Docker Click the FX button on the Master channel strip right hand side Click on Cockos left
26. easier stuff and then move on to the more taxing material Obtaining a track from a music CD Problem How do get a tune from my music CD onto my computer Answer Easily It s called ripping no not as in Mills and Boon Here is how it is done by me at least Search the internet for a program called AUDIOGRABBER latest version and download it along with LAME MP3 DLL both programs are available from the same web site and they are freeware Install Audiograbber and the LAME encoder as per instructions on the download page of the web site Run Audiograbber Place your music CD in the disk drive Close Windows Media Player that is almost bound to start playing the CD The tracks on the CD will appear on screen in Audiograbber Audiograbber Mel Make sure that the track File CD Settings Help you want is the only one Co w a a m G 2 p va D Fadetacks ticked Select the MP3 box Refresh Grab Settings C Hom i MP3 Freedo Player Exit Genre on the toolbar Open set T Compilation disc artist as tings on the toolbar Under I Track name Time Filesize Information Ea aa E saa EE eneral Settings select the WL 2 Track 2 10 47 108 97 Mb folder you wish the file to IC 3 Track 3 06 23 64 55Mb AC 4 Track 4 04 43 4771 Mb be saved to using Browse O 5 Track 5 06 06 61 64Mb tae i sue Tick OK Click on Grab in D 7 Te 7 0623 BAAS Mb the toolbar The track will omens 0354 39 40 Mb be saved to dis
27. en the MIDI keyboard Alt B and play Fig 50 ReaSamplOmatic with sample loaded Speeding things up slowing things down The Goons had this off to a fine art Start a new project and add the recording you want to play silly devils with Click on view in the main toolbar and select Show Master Track In the Master Track channel strip click on the Track Automation button see page 17 and select Play Rate You can now speed up or slow down your recording in a similar way to using the auto mation envelope for adjusting the volume Refer to pages 18 and 19 to refresh your memory 25 03 2009 Page 26 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Conclusion have barely scratched the surface of soundtrack production but hope that these few notes have wetted your appetite to delve deeper into the wonderful world of sound May suggest that you try to learn the basics of the programs that have mentioned here and then go and play So long as you have secure copies of your recordings don t think you are going to screw up things completely ever the optimist Have Fun Above all 25 03 2009 Page 27 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Appendix Creating a CD from a REAPER project have included this because was asked if it was possible to create an audio CD from music recorded into Reaper from a cassette tape Sources of programs described in this document 25 03 2009 Page 28 Soundtracks for
28. er with first recording dragged into the first track in this manner It should be noted here that it is possible to add recordings to existing tracks Click on an item in the Media Explorer and drag it onto an existing track However you should make sure it does not come to rest over an existing recording because it can get somewhat confusing 25 03 2009 Page 16 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations AV Mood 3 modified REAPER v2 54 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use File Edit View Track Options Insert Actions Help 44100H2 16bit 2 2ch 1024spls 23 0 0ms DirectSound FSOwemr NAA ps f a Sr ill gt 0 00 00 a Bes a bee eo 1 48 00 2 06 00 2 24 oe be Pewee eer ee honres oses ra ee ee ee ay a 1 AVMood ausa amp lay oog a H HO 0 00dB center H diminsin munni VERTICAL gt SCROLL Ko Wa p BAR TN if 2 Thunder Ga ONA amp Tunden E EL 0 0008 center MA 3 gt m amp al center O ili i PLAY CURSOR AT START OF PROJECT l FE TRACK CHANNEL W H ZOOM IN OUT STRIPS HORIZONTAL SCROLL BAR pan if a piel Rate 1 0 NE MHPHBRHe 0 00 000 Stopped BPM 120 Selection 0 23 000 0 23 000 0 00 00 Fig 30 Editing area with all required recordings added to tracks Figure 30 shows the editing area with all the recordings
29. ew Track Options Insert Actions Help 44100Hz 16bit 2 2ch 1024spls 10 92ms DirectSound BOs AA A eo Kill ok a 0 00 00 we 17 00 0 34 01 0 51 00 1 08 80 1 25 00 1 42 00 11 59 00 12 16 00 CEE ME T 3 lg Cel EE N E n es PIE ER E E I 1 AV Mod ma RJAV Mood 2 wav JEN al REC 60 1 Me i I k Hig t g ag Ava 1 r SSeS 2 Thunder SG ytigs amp 7 efirpunder an i thunder Lwav Tan ir under AT Linge i ue ni 0 00dB center lt 2 if lune i a il pp ipe nid rq 3 mwa Qe A ia a 0 0048 center 5 0 x l i gun pug pig TH ill Be Bat jug EEE s OEE Rate 10 H k P ii Hego 1 17 194 Playing BPM 120 Selection 0 23 000 0 23 000 0 00 000 Classic Compre ReaGate ReaComp 1 ila 3 ef nee D EELE E 0 54dBcenter O 00dBeenter 0 00dBcenter 0 0048 center Fig 38 The finished sioje If you want to change the spatial position of a sound by panning it left or right repeat the above procedure but choose the Pan envelope instead of the Volume envelope It helps if you hide the volume envelope by un checking it in the Track Envelope box You may now have something that looks like figure 38 All recordings in the correct place and all fades added where required 25 03 2009 Page 19 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations It is now crunch time Does the soundtrack work with the pictures To find out we need to render expor
30. f some description a medium to store the recorded sounds and a micro phone The first dictates the second nearly missed the obvious if you are going to make field recordings the recorder needs to be portable The trend these days is to use flash memory or hard disk recorders Tape still has a place but can be a source of hiss on your recordings unless you spend a lot of money on the recorder or have very good noise reduction software Flash memory recorders appear to start at about 30 but there does not seem to be an upper limit on how much you can spend a little like cameras really My dream outfit would cost in the region of five thousand pounds Pictured below are four recording outfits that know are in use in our club The first is a system used by Dave Gillow Details of the system are as follows le Hy SiRF i OBBE Foo Fig 13 Recorder and USB cable Fig 14 The recorder Fig 15 The associated software The device is an Olympus Digital Voice Recorder VN 4100PC USB connection to PC producing wav files In XHQ extra high quality 300 to 7200 hz record time is 11 hours 40 minutes Battery life alkaline 25 hours Built in microphone and loudspeaker Microphone and ear sockets Price about 30 The following is one of my recorders Device M Audio Microtrack 24 96 Now superseded by the Micro track 2 Recording medium Compact Flash cards Record times depend ant on card fitted and re
31. ffects can be applied to indi vidual tracks or to the Master final output track Effects applied to individual tracks will only affect the sounds on that track If applied to the master track they will affect all of the sounds Applying an effect insert to an individual track via the channel strip figure 42 Click on the effects FX button Two things will happen the FX Chain box will open figure 43 and the FX Browser will open in the Docker figure 41 Highlight the effect you want to apply by clicking on it in the FX Browser and then click on Add in the FX Chain box The effect will be applied to the selected track Play to hear the effect EFFECTS BUTTON EFFECTS ON OFF FX Edit Options 1 Track REC IM Fig 42 Channel strip for track 1 Fig 43 FX Chain menu 25 03 2009 Page 22 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations A word here about the Mixer view Click on the Mixer tab in the Docker and it will appear across the bottom half of the screen The track channel strips will be shown on the left and the Master channel strip will be shown on the right Figure 44 shows the Mixer somewhat modified from the conventional view It has been un pcs Is sade ae docked and set up to show the Pan controls above the meters and at the top are shown Effects Inserts and be low them are shown Sends 1e 6 3 1 4 of MASTER El Et EF i Ej v Show folders C 00dBcente
32. k UAIREAN card fitted to your computer Device Default Sound Dut w Volume aoe pe eoa ai Set the Input to Windows Re cord Mixer using the dropdown arrow on the right hand side Input if L Then click on Open Windows Record Mixer in the Volume 3 gt O G lt 3 mt gt gt Dl box The window shown in fig 7 will or should appear Fig 6 Setting the record controls Recording Control NEES What is shown in this window will very Options Heb uch depend on what sound card is fitted Stereo Mix CD Volume Line In 1 or 2 Mictophone J ig your computer If you plugged your tape Balance Balance Balanco Balance recorder into a socket on the computer P J tbe 9 4e J 4e 3 4l marked with a microphone itis a fairly Volume Volume Volume Volume safe bet that you will have to tick the Se lect box marked microphone However it may need some trial and error to choose FE iJ the correct input source If at first you Select C Select C Select C Select don t succeed try another one Back Line inyMic Frontlinein 2 My motto with computing is play and see Fig 7 Windows Record Mixer Recording Control what happens We should now be in a position to start recording Before we begin an aside In the days of recording to tape it was permissible to over record a little i e the recording level meter could stray a little way into the red without too man
33. k as an 6 Oo MP3 file Add the MP3 to MILI 8 Tracks Playtime 51 32 Total time left 00 00 17 i ne nen oe i j your AV Job done Fig 1 Audiograbber screen shot 25 03 2009 Page 4 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Obtaining a track from a tape recorder Problem How do get a tune from a cassette tape onto my computer Answer With a little more difficulty than getting a track from a CD but here goes You will need to connect your tape recorder to your computer with a cable The type of cable depends on the output socket or sockets on your tape recorder If the re corder has a stereo headphone output use a mini jack plug 3 5mm to mini jack plug stereo cable most computers use stereo mini jack plug input sockets See fig 2 If your recorder uses two phono sockets for output you will need a stereo mini jack plug to two phono plugs cable See fig 3 gt mS Fig 2 Stereo mini jack to mini jack Fig 3 Stereo mini jack to phono Plug one end of the cable into your recorder and the other end into your computer sound card this socket is usually marked with a representation of a microphone We now need a computer program Download from the internet a free program called WAVEPAD and install Open Wavepad turn on your tape recorder and insert the cassette tape It will be necessary to set up Wavepad so that we can record from the tape In the tool bar click on Options click on Audi
34. nd drag it side to side Pressing and holding the Shift Control or Alt keys modifies this action Zu thunder be ee AN Mute a track click this symbol o Solo play on its own a track click this symbol Pan sound in this track left or right E Level meter Track volume j REC IH Fig 32 Track channel strip controls 25 03 2009 Page 17 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Obviously we now have to get the timings correct This where your list of timings comes into play see figure 26 for an example In this example am using rain track 1 as a background throughout this soundtrack with sections of thunder track 2 and music track 3 at various places To move an item I shall use item from now on instead of recording because it is shorter and I m idle click and hold on it and drag it left or right until its left hand edge lines up with the required start time on the time line Continue to adjust all of the items so that they start at the correct times Helpful hint To get the item in exactly the right position zoom in horizontally and place the play cursor where you want the item to start playing check the time on the Clock and drag the item up to the cursor Sounds that come in with a bang can be quite disturbing useful in places but gen erally best avoided It is better to use a fade in This is easily achieved in Reaper Place your cursor on the top left hand corner of an item The pointer will
35. nd side of track selected prior to deletion 25 03 2009 Page 8 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Field Recording Making your own recordings for use in an AV is in my opinion the most satisfying way of producing a soundtrack It is not the easiest way and it can be highly frustrat ing but well worth the effort Even if you use music as the main component of your soundtrack it could well be enhanced by the addition of some sounds from the natu ral world or in some cases even from the un natural world One of my heroes is sound recordist Chris Watson He has worked on many televi sion series including the David Attenborough Life series the Galapagos series he appeared on Bill Oddie goes Wild Spring Watch and has done many radio pro grammes The reason mention him is because of his CD entitled Weather Report which was named in The Guardian s 1000 Albums to Hear Before You Die List of 22 11 07 This CD shows how a soundtrack can evoke a feeling of place The first eighteen minute track is a time compression of fourteen hours in Kenya s Masai Mara The second and third tracks both of eighteen minutes duration are re cordings made in a Scottish highland glen and an Icelandic glacier as it flows into the Norwegian Sea If you are at all interested in the sounds of nature try to hear this CD or at the very least have a look at Chris s web site www chriswatson net Make sure you have the sound turn on Do have a
36. ng a license The developers rely on your sense of fair play Even more of a bargain is a program called Audacity its free am not very familiar with Audacity but it may be come the subject of a write up sometime in the future Details of how to obtain these and other programs mentioned in this guide are shown in the Appendix Programs such as Reaper Audacity Cubase ProTools etc are referred to as au dio sequencers or Digital Audio Workstations DAWs Audiograbber and the like are called rippers Wavepad and Wavosaur are audio editors mention this in case you wish to trawl the Internet for other audio programs A number of assumptions have been made in this guide They are that you have a personal computer running under Microsoft Windows that you have a sound card installed on your computer that you have a means of listening to the sounds produced by your computer loudspeakers or headphones that you have a Compact Disk CD drive installed on your computer If you intend to use commercial recordings in your AVs please ensure that you have the appropriate license See Dave Gillow s write up on the member s area of the club web site All trade marks mentioned in this guide are acknowledged have tried to make this guide as clear and as uncomplicated as possible but if you think have failed miserably please let me know where have gone wrong and will try to do better next time Please also bear in mind that have
37. not been long at this recording lark and that am self taught so if you Know a better way of doing things do tell me would love to know how to do it properly A feeling is creeping up that this may become my large Irish cat my magnum opus Allan Brinkworth 2009 25 03 2009 Page 3 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Introduction A well thought out and well produced soundtrack will enhance your AVs considerably Try watching a television programme with the sound turned off Does it make much sense If it is a soap opera it will probably make more sense but may be a little prejudiced there Another test of the efficacy of a soundtrack is to show your friends your holiday pictures giving no explanation of what they are or where they were taken How long does it take for them to glaze over If it s more than five minutes you have got some good friends hang on to them Now try showing them the same pictures with explanations of what they are looking at You should be able to hold their attention for a good few minutes longer So it is with AVs A good varied soundtrack will hold their interest for some considerable time Hold on hear you cry isn t it difficult to produce a soundtrack think the answer is yes and no To add a straight forward music track from a CD or tape is not that painful Using sound effects and speech is more demanding but isn t it worth suffering for your art OK let us start with the
38. o Processing under Audio Working Folder click on Use this specified folder Click on the small box with three little dots in it and navigate to the folder where you want to save your files Click OK when done See eg 9 4 Heneral Audio Processing Keys Sound Play Device Editing and Elfects We now need to set the parameters for Device Defaut Sound Ou v AutoTrim Threshold _ 2046 D Jl making our recording In the main pro Soe gram window click on the red record O Use Default User Data Folder button seen at the bottom left The box ge a shown in fig 5 will appear Select Ste C Documents and Settings HP_Owner Application Data NCH Swift Sound reo Dual anda sampl e rate of 44100 Play Options Click OK Play file automatically when opened Automatic playback atter any edit or effect C Play file automatically after go to bookmark Sample Rate 144700 t C Play file automatically after select region Mono Single Stereo Dual Cancel Help Fig 4 Set file saving location in Wavepad Fig 5 Set for recording Reduce volume by 8db with rewind and fast forward Channels L a jl Cancel Help 25 03 2009 Page 5 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations The window shown in fig 6 will appear Record Control WES In the Recording box set the n o aie Device to either Default sound Hane Hiis Device HO Front Green Jac in or to the name of the sound Playbac
39. ppendix The first thing to note is that Reaper uses non destructive editing This means that you can modify recordings in the program without changing the original file so long as you do not save over the original file Let s see what Reaper looks like on screen AV Mood 3 REAPER v2 53 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use E eX File Edit View Track Optio Insert Actions Help 44100H2 16bit 2 2ch 1024spls 23 0 0ms DirectSound we Go ena pe rs a A il gt k Bp 0 00 00 0 06 00 0 12 00 poe pee Ce 0 36 00 ves e f 5 eee eee ee oor ee ee es ee DY gee de eae ee ee 1 AVMood mAai amp ft mai PPP ey EE a i TiS OP0dB center ime 3 Ox B aaa deo BERE 5 2 Thunder Ga iy Wid amp f El BL 0 0008 center amp 5 24 412 inf SEPAR 3 ausra i H h 0 00dB center E a T nt Rate 10 _f a MHPHBrPe 0 00 000 Stopped BPM 120 Selection 0 23 000 023 000 0 00 00 Classic Com ReaGate ReaComp 10 2 01232 f Ey MASTER f O 00dBcenter O 00dBderter O0 00dBcenter 0 00dB center AV Mood 2 Thunder 3 mixer Media Explor 4 FX chain Trak 2 Thi Fig 25 Reaper screen Toolbar Timeline Tracks Transport Controls Docker Mixer This may look a little intimidating to start with but hopefully things will become clearer as we go along will assume that you have used Pictures to EXE PTE to assemble your images
40. r O 00dBeenter O 00dBcenter 11 1dcenter O 00dB center v Show normal top level tracks 1 v Show tracks that are in folders ID v Show tracks that have receives 0 00dBeem Group folders to left reg Group tracks that have receives to left ES l y Scroll view when tracks activated Show multiple rows of tracks when size permits Show maximum rows even when tracks would fit in less rows fe Y Show master controls on right v Show pan controls at top _ Show FX inserts when size permits v Show sends when size permits v Dock mixer in Docker AY Mood Close Crem Mixer av Mood2 Thunder 3 mda J210 Sy Fig 44 Mixer un docked and with modified layout Fig 45 Options for Mixer To set up the Mixer this way right click on the Mixer tab in the Docker the menu box shown in figure 45 will appear Un tick the Dock Mixer in Docker and tick the four items immediately above it The menu box will close after each selection a pain so right click on the tab to bring up the menu box again If you want to dock the Mixer again right click on the blue bar at the top of the Mixer box and tick Dock Mixer in Docker The un docked Mixer can be dragged around the screen by clicking and holding in the blue bar at the top and dragging to a new position The main advantage of setting up the Mixer this way is that you can see what effect inserts have been added to each track see figure 46 It is also the easiest way of showing the
41. re a number of things to consider Be aware of background noise Someone putting away the saucepans will sound horrendous Barking dogs traffic aircraft fighting cats washing machines dish washers crying babies boiling kettles flushing lavatories radios humming com puters you name it they will all intrude into your recording Probably the most over looked is a clock with a loud tick If you have to edit the commentary and you will have to edit it you will end up with a tick that is arrhythmic After a minute or so of irregular ticking you will be climbing the wall but you may not be aware of what is getting to you Make sure that the person speaking the commentary is relaxed they are less likely to stumble over their words which means less editing for you Try to get the person speaking the commentary to memorise the script It is very dif ficult to make a voice over sound natural if the words are being read out from the printed page If a script is being used make sure that the pages are turned quietly it is Surprising how loud paper can be Make sure that both you and your speaker are wearing quiet clothing This does not mean avoid loud colours it means make sure they don t rustle Remove all offend ing items it s much more fun that way A method that Dave Gillow and have found to work is to show the pictures to the speaker as they record the commentary If you manually advance the images it is 25 03 2009 Page 13
42. rsor to the beginning of the track Let go of the mouse button and press the delete key on your keyboard The unwanted part has now been removed Repeat for any unwanted bits at the end of the track BUT dragging the cursor to the right hand end of aes the track It is now time to save your track as an MP3 file Select File from the toolbar select save file make sure that the file type is MP3 navigate to your chosen folder give the file a name and hit the save button am now going to lay down in a darkened room for a while 25 03 2009 Page 7 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Shortening a music track Problem The music that want to use for my AV is too long How do make it fit the length of the AV Answer Use Wavepad to chop a bit off of the end of the track It s quite simple Open Wavepad Go to File in the toolbar and select Open File Navigate to the folder that contains your music file highlight the file that you want and click Open Wavepad will load the file and start to play it Click the Stop button black square in the transport control toolbar You should now have a screen that looks similar to figure 11 WavePad 11 Track 11 mp3 Fie Ede Efecte Cool Took Bookmart mE Assuming that you want to play 2 8 Bo amp 2B amp Oo Open F Save File a eS tO MOND amet eth ome the track from the beginning ETT HT rT TT WR TT ETT TM lace your cursor at the position on the tra
43. should appear in __ the track as shown in figure 36 TRACK VOLUME ENVELOPE Fig 36 Track Volume Envelope 25 03 2009 Page 18 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Position your cursor just under this line at the point you want to start reducing the volume the cursor should change to a small vertical arrow pointing upwards Click once A small square box should appear on the volume envelope Now position the cursor just to the right of this point so that it changes to the arrow again click hold and drag down The volume envelope should now slope down as shown in figure 37 Play this section of the project to check the result Magic isn t it To bring the vol ume up again position ne cursor on ane envelope to the right of the last point and l AVMood JOSA amp g HAV Mood 2 wav Hin i click Position to the right again ae maneat Click and drag upwards until the ul TT iii pop up box says 0 00dB and re lease the pointer You now have a Ta fade To adjust the points place the yy cursor over the point to be moved __ the pointer changes to a cross i VOLUME ENVELOPE Fig 37 Volume envelope with fade points aa click hold and drag the point to its new position Play the project to check the effect Continue adding fades as re quired AV Mood 3 modified REAPER v2 54 Registered to Allan Brinkworth Licensed for non commercial use LEX Fie Edit Vi
44. t in a useable form the project Save your project File gt Save or control and S Select from the main toolbar File gt Render The box shown in figure 39 will appear Fa Select settings as follows TETE Sample rate 44100 Hz Stereo Sample rate 44100 vw HZ C Mono Stereo Full speed Offline Flesample mode Resample mode Best Render entire project Render custom Render entire project C tae EU ae SCT Output File set location and name of file eau using the Browse button Browse ender master mix Render stems selected tracks to similarly named files a l P Render master mix Add items to new tracks in project when finished Output format MP3 lame Dutput format MEE Mode CBR Joint Stereo a con fiice a Caen Eal Constant bit rate 128 Noma Quality Normal 9 Render to file C Save a copy of current project to out_filename wav APP T he n cl ck Re nd er Fig 39 Rendering the project to an mp3 file i The box shown in figure 34 will appear as Reaper converts your project to an C Documents and Settinas HP_ DwnerMy Documents My Recordings L f mp3 file and writes t to disk When the MP3 lame 44100hz 2ch 128kbps DrOCess IS completed click on Close Matpol file Render status Elapsed 0 08 970 Estimated Remaining 0 10 036 6 3 ae Cong ratulations You have just pro aaa e eu e duced your first soundtrack in Reaper No doubt it will be the first of many Close
45. te render save or save as a file with the same file name as the original it will remain unchanged Using the Undo History Click on the Undo History tab in the Docker You will see a list of your previous actions The latest action will be shown at the top of the list Double clicking on any of the actions will return to that state This really is a brilliant tool get used to using It Moving an item Click and hold on an item Drag it left right up or down until it is in the correct place Note If you drag an item below the existing tracks a new track will be created Splitting an item Highlight the item you wish to split by clicking on it it should change colour Position the play cursor where you want the split to occur and press S The item will be split with the right hand section of the item highlighted An alter native is to highlight the item position the play cursor and then place your cursor over the item and right click A menu will appear with many options available one of which is split items at cursor If you wish to join the two halves together again high light both items and right click to bring up the menu Select Heal splits in selected items Alternatively use the Undo History Shortening an item If you wish to shorten an item either from the left or the right hand ends place your cursor over the end of the item until it changes to a horizontal double ended arrow Click and hold and drag the end into the item Note
46. ve a nice new audio CD of your favourite music Burn Cancel 25 03 2009 Page 30 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Sources of programs AudioGrabber http www audiograbber com us net Wave Pad http www nch com au wavepad kb free html Reaper http reaper fm Reaper User Guide all 432 pages 13MB of it in PDF Do have a look at this guide it describes Reaper far better than can http reaper fm userguide ReaperUserGuide25Eval pdf 25 03 2009 Page 31
47. would suggest that you record in stereo You can always turn a stereo signal to mono but the reverse is not really an option if you want a convinc ing stereo image i _ Since there are so many choices available to Fig 22 Rycote Windjammer and foam windshield The foam windshield was supplied with the microphone you when you buy a microphone would strongly suggest that you speak to a special ist supplier before you make your decision If they are any good they will be happy to ad vise you would suggest that you trawl the web for suppliers of audio equipment While we are on the subject of microphones there is one thing must mention wind Of course get it but don t suffer from it That is have equipped myself with a dead cat oe safe little microphone immune from the ravages When making recordings in the open air itis more than likely that it will be windy and wind blowing across a microphone sounds very loud and not very pleasant Hence the dead cat The little furry beast pictured left fig 22 is a Rycote Windjammer and am going to refrain from comment on its name The idea of this extremely strokeable little object is to create an area of calm air around the microphone capsule and so reduce the buffeting noise It works very well but they are expensive The Rycote systems and there are a few range in price from about 25 to at least ten times that amount for a full basket system as seen on
48. y ill effects With digi tal recording straying into the red produces some nasty distortion so be very careful when making a recording to get your levels right In the Wavepad Record Control window Input box Fig 6 choose the item that shows the source you selected in the Windows Recording Control box Fig 7 The Volume box below the Input box should now show a slider that will enable you to set the input volume Start your tape recorder playing v Voume The input volume level meter should start showing green and probably red moving bars If the red part of the bars are touching the right hand side of the box re duce the input volume level by moving the Volume slider to the left If the recording level is still too high and you are using the headphone output from your tape recorder reduce the volume control on your tape re a 00 45 49 Order Once you have set the input volume level stop KO your tape and rewind to the start of the track that you want to record Fig 8 Recording level meter 25 03 2009 Page 6 Soundtracks for Audio Visual Presentations Right let s make a recording In the Wavepad Record Control window click on the red record button bottom left hand corner and then start your tape recorder playing The recording level meter should start responding You may not hear any of the music at this stage fear not it should be recording When you have reached the end of the track you wanted press the Stop button
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