IPv6 Lab MAnual
Contents
1. 6 2 4 OSPF 6 2 5 COMIQUANG 7 2 16 CONIGUFNG AUTOMATIC Tunnel S 8 3 S lutonS GUJE cs 9 3 1 IPv Subnetting Carving Out Your IPV6 9 3 2 Enabling 6 Routing and Configuring IP 2 1 2 1 0404000000660000000000000000000000000000 8 10 3 3 11 3 4 Configuring OSPF ROUINO 12 3 5 CONFIQUFING Manual TUNMEIS c0cccccsssccsecceessssncececessssccccasbessensecasssssaseccessecsneccecssssusdeecssssececeessscaucceaees 14 3 6 Configuring AUTOMATIC 6104 TUNS S ocon daa ea a AA 15 Mukom Akong AfriNIC Ltd Page 2 of 15 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE IPV6 TESTBEDS 11 General Lab Information The practical scenarios in this manual are meant to guide the learner to configure and 4 network then transition the network to The testbeds used in this manual e2. Lab Manual FOR USE WITH THE GDEPLOY IPV6 TESTBEDS Written Mukom Akong Tamon AtriNIC Ltd Mukom Akong Tamon Ltd Page 1 of 15 TABLE OF CONTENTS latroduction 16 The IPV6lestbeds onthe adie oa ae 3 Le GSNSral Leb morman oiread esea a A 3 TAE E 3 1 3 Addresses for Use in Exercises If none has been explicitly 3 1 4 How to Access and Use the IPV6 2 4 0000112000000011000000000000000000000000000000000000 2 4 1 5 How to Access and Use the RENATER IPV6 4 1 6 How to Access and Use the BREN IPV6 TeEStbe d cccccssssccccsssssecccessssssscecesessensecessseceecesesessesscecesensenes 5 1 7 How to Access and Use the Consulintel 6 2 4 2 1 0000 0000 5 2 PrOCTIEAISCEMONOS 6 2 1 IPv Subnetting Carving Out Your IPv6 6 2 2 Enabling 6 Routing and Configuring 2 1000 0 6 2 3 COMMGUNG Static ROWING
3. Consulintel RENATER BREN a Using the prefix from section 1 3 for your lab subnet it into appropriate prefixes for assignment to links Taking the AfriNIC testbed as an example section 1 3 and picking the first of the available allocations 200 1 43f8 90 56 We can subnet these into 64s We have 2001 43f8 90 xx 64 where xx runs from 00 01 02 ff total 256 subnets b Assign these prefixes to the various links and loopback addresses of all routers in the lab To make the lab easier to read we can pick xx to represent the numbers of the routers being connected by that subnet Thus we d have the following table AfriNIC Testbed Router Interface 4 Address Address Connected to Rl Ge 0 0 197 30 2001 4318 90 12 1 64 R2 Ge 0 0 Ge 0 1 196 216 254 201 30 2001 4318 90 13 1 64 R3 Ge 0 0 Vlan 14 196 216 254 209 30 2001 4318 90 14 1 64 R4 vlan 14 Lo 1 196 216 254 129 32 2001 43f8 90 11 1 128 R2 Ge 0 0 196 216 254 198 30 2001 4318 90 12 2 64 Ge 0 0 Ge 0 1 196 216 254 217 30 2001 4318 90 23 2 64 R3 Ge 0 1 Vlan 25 196 216 254 221 30 2001 4318 90 25 2 64 R5 vlan 25 Lo 1 196 216 254 130 32 2001 43f8 90 22 2 128 R3 Ge 0 0 196 216 254 202 30 2001 4318 90 13 3 64 Ge 0 1 Ge 0 1 196 216 254 218 30 2001 4318 90 23 3 64 R2 Ge 0 1 Vlan 36 196 216 254 193 30 2001 4318 90 36 3 64 R vlan 36 1 216
4. 254 181 32 2001 4318 90 33 3 128 R4 14 196 216 254 210 30 2001 4318 90 14 4 64 vlan 14 Lo 1 196 216 254 132 32 2001 4318 90 44 4 128 R5 Vlan 25 196 216 254 222 30 2001 4318 90 25 5 64 R2 vlan 25 1 667 82 2001 4318 90 55 5 128 R6 Vlan 36 196 216 254 194 30 2001 4318 90 36 6 64 R3 vlan 36 Lo 1 196 216 254 134 32 2001 4318 90 66 6 128 Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 9 of 15 3 2 Enabling IPv Routing and Configuring IP Addresses Objective Enable and verify routing on the router and configure addresses on interfaces a Enable 6 routing for your device On Cisco devices while is installed and enabled on supported platforms i e you can assign addresses can receive and send packets routing is not enabled by default as is the case for 4 This means that the router can not forward packets on behalf of other hosts To enable routing hardware forwarding for and stop source routing config ipv6 unicast routing config ipv6 cef config no ipv6 source route b Without configuring any addresses enable IPv6 on the interconnecting interfaces of your router The objective of this task is to ensure that you see for yourself that without explicitly giving an address the router always auto contigures a link local address for each of its interfaces F
5. the subnet mask from 255 c Re distribute the loopback interfaces on your router in the OSPFv2 routing process Redistribution is the process of taking routes known through one routing protocols and introducing them into a second routing protocol so that they are propagated through the network by the later protocol The aim of this task is just to show that it is essentially the same in as it is for 4 it is not necessarily best practice We could have propagated routes to these loopback addresses by putting the loopbacks into the OSPF routing process The loopback interfaces are directly connected so we can use the connected keyword of the distribute command If there are other connected interfaces on the router besides the loopbacks that you do not want to redistribute you can create an access list that matches the interfaces to redistribute and use it with the redistribute command config router ospf process id config router redistribute connected Verify that you can ping the loopback interfaces of the other routers the lab over 4 show ip protocols show ip route ospf ping a b c d Repeat steps a to d above for In OSPFv3 the only way to specity which interfaces participate in OSPF and in what area is in interface configuration mode Also note that OSPFv4 needs a router id which is a 32 bit number and NOT necessarily an 4 address config if ipv6 ospf p
6. the tunnel interfaces you just created Put all the tunnel interfaces in area 0 config interface tunnel tunnel number config if ipv6 ospf process id area 0 h Verify that you can ping the IPv6 loopback addresses of all other routers in your lab Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 14 of 15 3 6 Configuring Automatic 6to4 Tunnels Objective Demonstrate how to create automatic tunnels to carry traffic over an 4 only network or link and thus connect different islands Since only one automatic tunnel type is allowed per router you will need to select one of your neighbouring routers and work with that group to accomplish this task a Remove the manual tunnels created in task 2 4 and verity that you can no longer ping the loopback addresses of the other routers Calculate the 6104 prefix that corresponds to each of the IPv4 addresses on your interfaces Hint 2002 WWXX YYZZ 48 where WWXX YYZZ is the hex equivalent of the 4 address Using the IPv6 prefix for the link to your neighbour as calculated above create two subnets and assign IPv6 address from each of them to two loopback interfaces 9 Create a 6to4 tunnel and assign to it an address as calculated from step above Use the 4 loopback interface as the tunnel source Create a static route so that all 6to4 traffic goes through the tunnel interface f Verity that you can
7. vlan 10 Pos 1 0 1 Area 1 RI 14 R1 vlan 30 R1 vlan 12 12000 1 Pos 1 14 rea 4 vlan 14 R5 vlan 30 R2 vlan 12 7200 1 Pos 4 0 Area 2 R2 25 R2 vlan 20 R3 vlan 14 12000 2 Pos 1 15 ea R5 vlan 25 R4 vlan 10 R4 vlan 14 7500 1 Pos 4 1 0 Area R3 Man 36 R3 Ge 0 0 R5 vlan 15 12000 3 Ge 2 2 R vlan 36 R6 Ge 0 0 R vlan 15 7200 2 Ge 0 0 2 5 Configure OSPFv2 on your router according to the topology you drew in step a Re distribute the loopback interfaces on your router in the OSPFv2 routing process Verity that you can ping the loopback interfaces of the other routers in the lab over 4 Repeat steps a to above for IPv Display the IPv6 routing table and list the various types of routes you see How are these different from the routes in an 4 routing table Verity that you can reach by ping the loopack interfaces of the other routers over Remove all the OSPFv2 configuration from your router Verity that you can still reach via ping the loopback interfaces of the other routers over but not over 4 What does this tell you about the dependence of IPv4 and 62 Configuring Manual Tunnels Objective Demonstrate how to create manual tunnels to carry traffic over an 4 only network or link and thus connect different IPv 6 islands a b d Remove all of the OS
8. 5 First let us tind out what IP addresses if any are already configured on the router show ip interfaces brief show ipv6 interfaces brief lf the output of any of the above commands shows an IP address that is not listed in the table for your testbed remove it using one of the following commands IPv4 config if no ip address ip address mask IPv6 config if no ipv6 address ipv6 address length Now you need to configure any address on the respective interfaces as appear in the table if they have not already been pre contigured Of course to do this you need to get into interface contiguration mode for the specific interface listed in the table In the following listing we ll assign an address to the vlan 14 interface of R4 router in the AfriNIC testbed R4 config interface vlan 14 R4 config if ipv6 address 2001 43f8 90 c8 4 64 3 3 Configuring Static Routing Objective Configure full reachability over 4 and using static routes thus creating a full dual stack capable network a Configure 4 static routes to the loopback interfaces of all other routers in the network config ip route a b c d A B C D next_hop b Verity that you can ping the 4 addresses of the loopback interfaces on other routers show ip route ping a b c d Configure static routes to enable reachability for all other router s loopback addresses A key concept to understand here i
9. PFv3 configuration you did in task 2 3 e Verity that you can NOT ping the IPv loopbacks of the other routers Re enable OSPFv2 as in tasks 2 3 a d Verity that there is still 4 connectivity between the routers and that you can ping the 4 loopbacks of your neighbouring routers If you can t check your 4 routing Remove all addresses from all inter connecting links between your router and your neighbouring routers This is ensuring that there is no native transit between the various routers Ensure that you still have addressing on your loopback interfaces Make sure that your router is configured to route unicast packets Create manual tunnels to your neighbours and assign to them from one of the prefixes that was on the native link refer to the IP addressing table The tunnel should be sourced from the loopback address of your router Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 7 of 15 g Enable OSPFv3 over the tunnel interfaces you just created h Verity that you can ping the IPv6 loopback addresses of all other routers in your lab 2 6 Configuring Automatic 6to4 Tunnels Objective Demonstrate how to create automatic tunnels to carry traffic over 4 only network or link and thus connect different islands Since only one automatic tunnel type is allowed per router you will need to select one of your neig
10. and Use the Consulintel Testbed 213 171 225 106 2035 213 171 225 106 2036 vlan 12 213 171 225 106 2037 213 171 225 106 2039 213 171 225 106 2038 213 171 225 106 2040 Access protocols Telnet to the given address and port shown on the diagram Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 5 of 15 2 PRACTICAL SCENARIOS 21 IPv6 Subnetting Carving Out Your Allocation Objective Given allocation subnet it into prefixed to be assigned on various links of your network This task is to be done by all the members of the same lab Consulintel RENATER BREN a Using the prefix from section 1 3 for your lab subnet it into appropriate prefixes for assignment to links b Assign these prefixes to the various links and loopback addresses of all routers in the lab 2 2 Enabling IPv Routing and Configuring IP Addresses Objective Enable and verify routing on the router and configure addresses on interfaces a Enable IPv routing for your device b Without configuring any IP addresses enable on the interconnecting interfaces of your router Still without explicitly configuring and address ensure that you can reach your neighbour via d Verify that your assigned router is configured with the IP addresses as shown in the table for your specific testbed Make any corrections necessary Please DO NOT modify th
11. ble but failure to comply might mean you lose access to the labs thus ending your practice session 1 3 Addresses for Use in Exercises If none has been explicitly specified These address blocks are to be used in assigning to various interfaces e g loopbacks when configuring exercises for which you have not been directed to use specific addresses TestBed IPv4 Prefix Prefix 196 216 254 64 26 2001 43F8 90 9000 56 to 196 216 254 128 26 2001 43F8 90 00 56 RENATER 194 254 101 128 25 2001 660 3008 48 BREN 10 200 0 0 16 2001 4658 42 48 Consulintel 10 250 0 0 16 2001 db8 300 48 Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 3 of 15 1 4 How to Access and Use the Testbed 196 216 254 7 196 216 254 4 Ge 0 0 196 216 254 8 196 216 254 9 Access protocols Telnet and SSH use cypher method if required 1 5 How to Access and Use the RENATER 6 Testbed 195 83 250 38 195 83 250 34 Ge 0 1 195 83 250 37 195 83 250 39 Access protocols Telnet Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 4 of 15 1 6 How to Access and Use the BREN 6 Testbed 10129171961 194 141 6 103 SOLO LPL PSL PoS 1 14 5 4 0 194 141 6 100 194 141 6 104 194 141 6 102 Access protocols Telnet to the given address on port 2005 1 7 How to Access
12. e management interfaces 2 3 Configuring Static Routing Objective Configure full reachability over 4 and using static routes thus creating a full dual stack capable network a Configure 4 static routes to the loopback interfaces of all other routers in the network b Verity that you can ping the 4 addresses of the loopback interfaces on other routers c Configure static routes to enable reachability for the loopback addresses of all other routers d d Verity that you can ping the addresses of the loopback interfaces on other routers Disable 4 routing and verity that IPv6 routing still works Remove all static routes configured in steps a 2 4 Configuring OSPF Intra domain Routing Objective Configure the lab for OSPFv2 and also OSPFv3 so they run simultaneously ships in the night a Re draw the specific OSPF topology for your 0 assigned lab based on the generic diagram below and the table Generic OSPF topology for all labs please re draw for your specific lab Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 6 of 15 Area AfriNIC RENATER Consulintel BREN R1 Ge 0 1 12000 1 Ge 2 1 R1 Ge 0 0 1 10 R2 vlan 11 12 Pos 1 0 1 Area 0 R2 Ge 0 0 1 R2 Ge 0 0 1 2 vlan 12 13 12000 2 Pos 1 0 1 R3 Ge 0 0 1 R3 Ge 0 1 R3 vlan 11 13 12000 3 Ge 2 1
13. fig if no router ospf process id area area id b Re enable OSPFv2 as in tasks 2 3 a d Before you can use a v4 network to connect v6 islands you must first know how to route over that network By re enabling OSPFv2 we are ensuring we have v4 reach ability across the network Verity that there is still IPv4 connectivity between the routers and that you can ping the 4 loopbacks of your neighbouring routers If you can t check your IPv4 routing d Remove all addresses from all inter connecting links between your router and your neighbouring routers This is ensuring that there is no native transit between the various routers Ensure that you still have addressing on your loopback interfaces config if no address x x x x x x x x len Make sure that your router is configured to route unicast packets show run include unicast routing lf you dont see unicast routing in the output then you need to configure it f Create manual tunnels to your neighbours and assign to them an from one of the prefixes that was on the native link refer to the IP addressing table The tunnel should be sourced from the loopback address of your router config interface tunnel tunnel number config if tunnel source a b c d interface config if tunnel destination w x y z config if tunnel mode g Enable OSPFv3 over
14. hbouring routers and work with that group to accomplish this task Remove the manual tunnels created in task 2 4 and verify that you can no longer ping the loopback addresses of the other routers Calculate the 6to4 prefix that corresponds to each of the IPv4 addresses on your interfaces Hint 2002 WWXX YYZZ 48 where WWXX YYZZ is the hex equivalent of the IPv4 address Using the IPv 6 prefix for the link to your neighbour as calculated above create two subnets and assign an address from each of them to two loopback interfaces Create a 6to4 tunnel and assign to it an address as calculated from step b above Use the 4 loopback interface as the tunnel source Create a static route so that all 6to4 traffic goes through the tunnel interface Verify that you can ping the 6 loopback interfaces that your neighbouring group created on their router in step c above Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 8 of 15 3 SOLUTIONS GUIDE This section provides guided solutions to the labs scenarios in section 2 Brief explanations are given where necessary some terms explained and show commands used to to illustrate that the objective has been achieved 31 6 Subnetting Carving Out Your Allocation Objective Given allocation subnet it into prefixed to be assigned on various links of your network This task is to be done by all the members of the same lab
15. irst of all let s verity that none of our interfaces currently has an address show ipv6 interface brief Now let s go on and ask the router to enable on the interfaces to its neighbours in so doing get the router to auto contigure a link local address config interface type config if ipv6 enable Now let us verity show ipv6 interface brief show interfaces Still without explicitly configuring an address ensure that you can reach your neighbour via The point here is to further prove that even without explicitly contiguring an address a router can speak to any other host to which it is directly connected using their link local addressing You first need to find out the link local address of you neighbour s directly connected interface and then ping it show neighbours The output lists the address of several neighbours and the interfaces to reach those addresses Remember that a link local address starts with 80 ping fe80 x x x X X X X When prompted for an output interface specify the one shown agains the link local address from the output of show neighbors d Verity that your assigned router is configured with the IP addresses as shown in the table for your specific testbed Make any corrections necessary Please DO NOT modify the management interfaces vlan 99 Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 10 of 1
16. ping the 6 loopback interfaces that your neighbouring group created on their router in step c above Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 15 of 15
17. rocess id area area id config ipv6 router ospf process id config router redistribute connected f Display the routing table and list the various types of routes you see How are these different from the routes an 4 routing table show protocols show route ospf Verity that you can reach by ping the loopack intertaces of the other routers over ping X X X X X X X X At this point you have both a fully routed OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 network Note that they each maintain different routing tables verify by using show ip protocols amp show protocols h Remove all the OSPFv2 configuration from your router config no router ospf pid Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 13 of 15 i Verify that you can still reach via ping the loopback interfaces of the other routers over but not over 4 What does this tell you about the dependence of IPv4 and 62 3 5 Configuring Manual Tunnels Objective Demonstrate how to create manual tunnels to carry traffic over an 4 only network or link and thus connect different islands a Remove all of the OSPFv3 configuration you did in task 2 3 e Verify that you can NOT ping the loopbacks of the other routers By removing the OSPFv3 you ensure that you no longer reach loopacks of other routers over config no ipv6 router ospf process id con
18. s that on Cisco even though the platform might be v6 capable routing functionality is not turned on by detault So we enable it first before we start adding routes config ipv6 unicast routing config ipv6 cef config no ipv6 source route The command for creating routes in is essentially the same as that for doing the same in just ee replace ip with The general command syntax on Cisco IOS is as follows config ipv6 route prefix length x x x x x x x x AD tag tag Here create a static route to R6 s loopback using the 815 vlan14 address as the next hop R4 config ipv6 route 2001 43 8 90 600 6 128 2001 43f8 90 c8 1 Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 11 of 15 d Verity that you can ping the addresses of the loopback interfaces on other routers Disable 4 routing and verity that routing still works f Remove all static routes configured in steps a and 3 4 Configuring OSPF Intra domain Routing Objective Configure the lab for OSPFv2 and also OSPFv3 so they run simultaneously ships in the night a Example diagram for AfriNIC s testbed is shown b Configure your router according to the OSPFv2 topology for your lab according to the topology you drew in step a Mukom Akong Tamon AfriNIC Ltd Page 12 of 15 e Wildcard mask Subtract each octet of
19. xist in three different physical locations and can be accessed remotely The IP address indicated in the diagram is that which shall be used by course participants to access each of the routers in the lab using either telnet all test beds or ssh AfriNIC testbed only Both telnet and ssh clients come pre installed with Mac OS Linux Unix Windows Xp has a built in telnet client as well For Windows Vista 7 which don t have a telnet or ssh client pre installed PUTTY and pro are free telnet ssh clients that you can download from the following urls e http www chiark greenend org uk sgtatham putty download html TerraTerm Pro http en sourceforge jp projects ttssh2 releases During our training workshops an individual or group is assigned to each router and they must work as a team with the other individuals teams on the other routers in the testbed to complete the exercise In other words you might have configured your router correctly but you won t get the desired results unless the routers attached to yours have also finished their scenarios correctly 1 2 Lab Rules And now the thou shall NOTs Don t change the management intertace configuration Don t remove 4 static routes Don t change login password information Don t change filtering policy on the routers Don t change the console line configuration Don t change interfaces description These are not just rules designed to make your life misera
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