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NETGEAR DG824M Network Card User Manual

1. ccccccceececeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeenaeeeeaeeeeeaaestenneeeees 2 2 LAN Configuration FRECUIPEINGING ccccsscinssccadeed socttsaneaccacaumicataaediaiarseniecidanniedaceteniebess 2 2 Internet Configuration Requirements cccceeceeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeceaeseaaeeeseeeeessaeeseeneees 2 2 Where Do Get the Internet Configuration Parameters cccssceeeeseeeeteeeeeeneeees 2 2 Connecting the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway to Your LAN esseen 2 5 Connecting the DG824M to the Internet cccecceeeeeee cence eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeetaeeeteneees 2 9 Tesing Your interret LAGAN OM iica cas sccarecentoncacancrshelvaedeneccinachepnslviaaenaeaiauerd moe aces 2 16 Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection Contents V Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration Protecting Your Network t o Apoata to rou D DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway atin Blocking pai Sites and Rules sisisiirentani Pree Inbound Rules 5 Port Fowardigi Inbound Rule Example A Local Put c We TET Inbound Rule Example Allowing viieeaniarenics from Considerations for Inbound Rules Outbound Rules Service Blocking Outbound Rule Example Blocking Instant Me Order of Precedence for Rules Ne vork Diaan danean centini i hae sa and Usage Statistics vi Contents Activation and Administration Dropped P Enabling Security Event H l MOAUION sors Running Diagnostic Utilities and Reboatiny the Router Enabli
2. Advanced Configuration 6 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The gateway contains a client that can connect to a dynamic DNS service provider To use this feature you must select a service provider and obtain an account with them After you have configured your account information in the gateway whenever your ISP assigned IP address changes your gateway will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider log in to your account and register your new IP address Procedure 6 2 Configure Dynamic DNS 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on Dynamic DNS 3 Access the website of one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear in the Select Service Provider box and register for an account For example for dyndns org go to www dyndns org 4 Select the Use a dynamic DNS service check box 5 Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider 6 Type the Host Name that your dynamic DNS service provider gave you The dynamic DNS service provider may call this the domain name If your URL is myName dyndns org then your Host Name is myName 7 Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account 8 Type t
3. H host name 2 14 2 18 IANA contacting B 2 IETF B 1 Web site address B 7 inbound rules 4 7 infrastructure mode B 14 installation 1 4 Internet account address information C 18 establishing C 18 Internet Service Provider 2 1 IP addresses C 19 C 20 and NAT B 8 and the Internet B 2 assigning B 2 B 9 auto generated 7 3 private B 7 translating B 9 IP configuration by DHCP B 10 IP networking for Macintosh C 16 for Windows C 2 C 7 ISP 2 1 L LAN IP Setup Menu 6 2 6 3 6 7 LEDs description 1 7 troubleshooting 7 2 log sending 5 13 Login 2 13 MAC 3 4 MAC address 7 8 B 9 spoofing 2 14 2 19 7 6 MAC address filter 3 5 Macintosh C 19 configuring for IP networking C 16 DHCP Client ID C 16 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information C 20 masquerading C 18 metric 6 11 MTU 6 4 multicasting 6 4 N NAT C 18 NAT See Network Address Translation NETGEAR contacting 1 3 netmask translation table B 6 Network Address Translation 1 3 B 8 C 18 Network Time Protocol 4 14 7 9 NTP 4 14 7 9 O Open System authentication B 15 order of precedence 4 12 outbound rules 4 10 P Passphrase 3 7 3 8 passphrase 1 2 Password 2 13 password restoring 7 9 PC using to configure C 21 ping 6 2 Index placement 3 1 port filtering 4 10 port forwarding 4 7 port forwarding behind NAT B 9 port numbers 4 13 PPP over Ethernet 1 4 C 18 PPPoE 1 4 2 11 2 12 C 18 Primary DNS Server 2 12 2 13
4. Reserved IP Table IP Address Mac Address Device Name Figure 6 2 LAN IP Setup Menu Advanced Configuration 6 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The LAN TCP IP Setup parameters are IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the gateway IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the gateway Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router RIP Direction RIP Router Information Protocol allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers The RIP Direction selection controls how the gateway sends and receives RIP packets Both is the default When set to Both or Out Only the gateway will broadcast its routing table periodically When set to Both or In Only it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives When set to None it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends It recognizes both formats when receiving By default this is set for RIP 1 RIP 1 is universally supported RIP 1 is probably adequate for most networks unless you have an unusual network setup RIP 2 carries more information Both RIP 2B and RIP 2M send the routing data in RIP 2 format RIP 2B uses subnet broadca
5. You can use the LEDs to verify various conditions Table 1 1 lists and describes each LED on the front panel of the router These LEDs are green when lit Table 1 1 LED Descriptions Label Activity Description Power On Power is supplied to the router Off Power is not supplied to the router 0 Test On The system is initializing Off The system is ready and running v Internet Blink Amber Indicates ADSL training n On Green The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device LB Blink Green Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port Wireless On Indicates that the Wireless port is initialized 9 LAN On Green The Local port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device Blink Green Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps 4 On Amber The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device Blink Amber Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps Off No link is detected on this port Introduction 1 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The Gateway s Rear Panel The rear panel of the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Figure 1 2 contains port connections Figure 1 2 DG824M Rear Panel Viewed from left to right the rear panel contains the following elements AC power adapter outlet Factory Default Reset push button Wireless antenna Four Local Ethernet RJ 45 ports for connecting the gateway to the local computers
6. ADSL port for connecting the gateway to an ADSL line 1 8 Introduction Chapter 2 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the gateway on your Local Area Network LAN connect to the Internet how to configure your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway for Internet access using the Setup Wizard or how to manually configure your Internet connection What You Will Need Before You Begin You need to prepare these three things before you can establish an Internet connection through your gateway 1 The gateway connected to an ADSL line and a computer properly connected to the gateway as explained below 2 Active Internet service such as that provided by an ADSL account 3 The Internet Service Provider ISP configuration information for your DSL account Cabling Requirements The built in ADSL modem of the DG824M gateway connects to the Internet via your telephone line using standard twisted pair telephone cables Note Do not connect the DG824M to the ADSL line through a microfilter unless the microfilter is specifically designed for this purpose Doing so will prevent the built in DSL modem in the DG824M from establishing a connection to the Internet If you have any doubts about this it is recommended that you connect the DG824 directly to the ADSL line The DG824M gateway connects to your LAN via twisted pair Ethernet cables Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 1 Reference
7. Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7 TCP IP is already installed on the Macintosh On each networked Macintosh you will need to configure TCP IP to use DHCP MacOS 8 6 or 9 x 1 From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens o TCP IP B Connect via Ethernet Setup Configure Using DHCP Server DHCP Client ID IP Address lt will be supplied by server gt Subnet mask lt will be supplied by server gt Router address lt will be supplied by server gt Search domains Name server addr lt will be supplied by server gt E 2 From the Connect via box select your Macintosh s Ethernet interface 3 From the Configure box select Using DHCP Server You can leave the DHCP Client ID box empty 4 Close the TCP IP Control Panel 5 Repeat this for each Macintosh on your network MacOS X 1 From the Apple menu choose System Preferences then Network C 16 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router 2 If not already selected select Built in Ethernet in the Configure list 3 If not already selected Select Using DHCP in the TCP IP tab 4 Click Save Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration by returning to the TCP IP Control Panel From t
8. Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR SM DG824MNA 0 November 2002 2002 by NETGEAR Inc All rights reserved Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear Inc Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Federal Communications Commission FCC Compliance Notice Radio Frequency Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installatio
9. Service Table Name Type Ports TCP or UDP Add Custom Service Edit Service Delete Service Figure 4 9 Services menu e To create a new Service click the Add button e To edit an existing Service select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit Protecting Your Network 4 13 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e To delete an existing Service select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete 3 Modify the menu shown below for defining or editing a service Services Service Definition Name Type TCP x Start Port i Finish Port Back Apply Cancel Figure 4 10 Add Services menu 4 Click Apply to save your changes Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall Services The DG824M gateway uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time and date from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet In order to localize the time for your log entries you must select your Time Zone from the list Procedure 4 4 Setting Your Time Zone In order to localize the time for your log entries you must specify your Time Zone 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 4 14 Protecting Your Network 2 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL M
10. 192 168 0 254 Refer to Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 or Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers on page C 17 to find your PC s IP address Follow the instructions in Appendix C to configure your PC Note If your PC s IP address is shown as 169 254 x x Recent versions of Windows and MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server These auto generated addresses are in the range of 169 254 x x If your IP address is in this range check the connection from the PC to the gateway and reboot your PC If your gateway s IP address has been changed and you don t know the current IP address clear the gateway s configuration to factory defaults This will set the gateway s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Using the Default Reset button on page 7 9 Make sure your browser has Java JavaScript or ActiveX enabled If you are using Internet Explorer click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded Try quitting the browser and launching it again Make sure you are using the correct login information The factory default login name is admin and the password is password Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information If the gateway does not save changes you have made in the Web Configuration Interface check the following Troubleshooting 7 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway
11. 2 14 2 16 2 18 2 19 protocols Address Resolution B 9 DHCP 1 3 B 10 Routing Information 1 3 B 2 support 1 3 TCP IP 1 3 publications related B 1 R range 3 1 rear panel 1 8 requirements hardware 2 2 reserved IP adresses 6 6 reset button clearing config 7 9 restore factory settings 5 3 RFC 1466 B 7 B 9 1597 B 7 B 9 1631 B 8 B 9 finding B 7 RIP Router Information Protocol 6 4 router concepts B 1 Routing Information Protocol 1 3 B 2 rules inbound 4 7 order of precedence 4 12 outbound 4 10 S Secondary DNS Server 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 16 2 18 2 19 Index service blocking 4 10 Service Name 2 11 service numbers 4 13 Setup Wizard 2 1 Shared Key authentication B 15 SMTP 5 13 spoof MAC address 7 6 SSID 3 3 3 4 B 14 stateful packet inspection 1 2 B 13 Static Routes 6 6 subnet addressing B 5 subnet mask B 6 C 19 C 20 Syslog 5 12 T TCP IP configuring C 1 network troubleshooting 7 7 TCP IP properties verifying for Macintosh C 17 verifying for Windows C 6 C 15 technical support 1 3 time of day 7 9 time zone 4 15 timeout administrator login 4 2 time stamping 4 15 troubleshooting 7 1 Trusted Host 4 4 typographical conventions 1 4 Uplink switch B 11 URL 4 4 USB C 18 WEP 3 6 B 15 WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy 3 7 WEP encryption 1 2 WEP Keys 3 6 Wi Fi B 13 Windows configuring for IP routing C 2 C 7 winipcfg utility C 6 WinPOET C 18 WINS 6 6 Wired Equ
12. Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Let the DG824M auto detect the type of Internet connection you have and configure it e Manually choose which type of Internet connection you have and configure it These options are described below In either case unless your ISP automatically assigns your configuration automatically via DHCP you will need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page 2 4 co Procedure 2 3 Auto Detecting Your Internet Connection Type The Web Configuration Manager built in to the gateway contains a Setup Wizard that can automatically determine your network connection type 1 If your gateway has not yet been configured the Setup Wizard shown in Figure 2 6 should launch automatically Note If instead of the Setup Wizard menu the main menu of the gateway s Configuration Manager as shown in Figure 2 11 appears click the Setup Wizard link in the upper left to bring up this menu When the Wizard launches select Yes in the menu below to allow the gateway to automatically determine your connection el System Can Now Detect The Connection Type Of WAN Port Or You Can Configure It By Yourself Do You Want System To Detect The Connection Type Yes C No Want To Configure By Myself Next Figure 2 6 Built in Web based Configuration Manager Setup
13. Destination 10 4071 WAN Destination 10 4094 WAN Destination 10 4118 WAN Destination 10 NETGEAR activated A Administrator login successful IP 192 168 0 2 UDP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 161 LAN Inbound Default rule match UDP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 5632 LAN Inbound Default rule match TCP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 23 TELNET LAN Inbound Default rule m TCP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 3535 LAN Inbound Default rule match TCP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 280 LAN Inbound Default rule match TCP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 1 1 63 411 LAN Inbound Default rule match TCP packet dropped Source 10 1 1 170 z fl gt Refresh Clear Log Send Log Include in Log C All incoming and Outgoing traffic Attempted access to blocked sites Router operation start up get time etc Tl 7 Tl v Known DoS attacks and Port Scans C Enable Syslog Syslog server IP address Connections to the Web based interface of this Router Figure 5 7 Security Logs menu 5 10 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Log entries are described in Table 5 1 Table 5 1 Security Log entry descriptions Field Description Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded Description or Action The
14. Inbound Rule Example Allowing Videoconference from Restricted Addresses If you want to allow incoming videoconferencing to be initiated from a restricted range of outside IP addresses such as from a branch office you can create an inbound rule In the example shown in Figure 4 6 CU SeeMe connections are allowed only from a specified range of external IP addresses In this case we have also specified logging of any incoming CU SeeMe requests that do not match the allowed parameters Inbound Services Service CU SEEME TCP UDP 7648 Action ALLOW always gt Send to LAN Server g52 188 oe WAN Users Address Range start 134 J177 Jee 1 finish 134 177 88 254 Log Not Match z Back Cancel Figure 4 6 Rule example Videoconference from Restricted Addresses Considerations for Inbound Rules e If your external IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires Consider using the Dynamic DNS feature in the Advanced menus so that external users can always find your network e If the IP address of the local server PC is assigned by DHCP it may change when the PC is rebooted To avoid this use the Reserved IP address feature in the LAN IP menu to keep the PC s IP address constant e Local PCs must access the local server using the PCs local LAN address 192 168 0 11 in the example in Figure 4 6 above Attempts by local PCs to access the server using th
15. Introduction 1 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e 802 11b Standards based wireless networking e Content Filtering e Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet Connections e Extensive Internet Protocol Support e Easy web based setup for installation and management e A built in ADSL modem These features are discussed below 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking The DG824M gateway includes an 802 11b compliant wireless access point providing continuous high speed 11 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices The access point provides e 802 11b Standards based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps e 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption security e WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase e Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address A Powerful True Firewall Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers the DG824M is a true firewall using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks Its firewall features include e Denial of Service DoS protection Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND Attack and IP Spoofing e Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN e Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off limits e Logs security incidents The DG824M will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic port scans atta
16. Testsender kann jedoch gewissen Beschr nkungen unterliegen Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung Das Bundesamt fiir Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet da dieses Ger t auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt die Serie auf die Erf llung der Vorschriften hin zu berpr fen Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer It is hereby certified that the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 and Vfg 46 1992 The operation of some equipment for example test transmitters in accordance with the regulations may however be subject to certain restrictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations Voluntary Control Council for Interference VCCI Statement This equipment is in the second category information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas When used near a radio or TV receiver it may become the cause of radio interference Read instructi
17. and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www netgear com to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP transfers the IP address of one or two DNS servers to your gateway during login If the ISP does not transfer an address you must obtain it from the ISP and enter it manually here If you enter an address here you should reboot your PCs after configuring the gateway 3 The Router s MAC Address is the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the gateway on the Internet port 2 14 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway If your ISP allows access from only one specific computer s Ethernet MAC address select Use this MAC address The gateway will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP Otherwise you can type in a MAC address Note Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your PC when your account is first opened They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that PC This feature allows your gateway to masquerade as that PC by using its MAC address 4 Click on Apply to save your settings 5 Click on the Test button to test your Internet connection
18. c ccseeeeeeee 2 15 Manual Configuration ccecceseeseseseeeeen Configuring Basic Wirel Network Settings sits Restricting Wireless Access by MAC Address 8 5 Changing the Built in Password wcctcestciac sicnciacsseccmuotcanctiniantioiaeiaciecaiorae Changing the Administrator Login Timeout s 42 Block Keywords and Sites seisominen lt Define Services a SE OUr ME ZOO asna Um Scheduling Firewall SeRACSS ssssriseio atann TG Backup the Configuration to a File Restore a Configuration from a File a Erase th OQUITION secontscidicciaciansnednianinbesacnmnsncastdesnendinsetoncicanoantanaee Gateway Upgrade ere Configure Remote iat E E Configuring A Default DMZ Bant EEA E PE EPE A E E R Eee Configure LAN TCP IP Setup sicicsccsicsissccsicissoenisseatusesenesissentusinsen OO Configure Dynami DNS sicisccsscnccianencccnnennsdccenanssccenmsieasamedeanteneanty Oe COT stalie Roues asuisin 6 10 Preface About This Guide Thank you for purchasing the NETGEAR DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Audience This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However basic computer network Internet firewall and wireless technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices Technical Support For help with any technical issues contact Customer Support at 1 888 NETGEAR or visit us on the Web at www NETGEAR com The NETGEAR Web
19. if there are problems follow these steps to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a window called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears e Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using box e Verify that at least the following two items are displayed and selected in the box of Components checked are used by this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and e Internet Protocol TCP IP e Click OK Local Area Connection Properties General Connect using BY 3Com 10 100 Mini PCI Ethernet Adapter Components checked are used by this connection V E Client for Microsoft Networks 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks IV Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network C 11 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e With Internet Protocol
20. 2 Double click the Internet Options icon 3 Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 4 Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 5 Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next 6 Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run C 6 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router Type winipefg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows NT4 2000 or XP for IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it
21. ADSL line with a microfilter unless the microfilter specifically designed for that purpose Doing so will prevent the modem from establishing a connection to the Internet If you have any doubts about this use only a phone cord to connect the DG824B to the ADSL wall jack outlet 2 6 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway c Connect the Ethernet cable B from your DG824M s LAN port to a computer Figure 2 2 Connect the gateway to a computer Note The DG824M gateway incorporates Auto Uplink technology Each Ethernet LAN port will automatically sense whether the cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e g connecting to a PC or an uplink connection e g connecting to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection d Connect the power adapter to the gateway and plug it in to a power outlet Verify the following gt The power light is lit after turning on the gateway lt b The ADSL link light is solid green indicating a link has been established to the cable network e Now turn on your computer If software usually logs you in to your Inte
22. Bits Dotted Decimal Value 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255 oo N O O A UO N The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table 7 2 Netmask Formats Dotted Decimal Masklength 255 0 0 0 8 255 255 0 0 16 B 6 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Table 7 2 Netmask Formats 255 255 255 0 24 255 255 255 128 25 255 255 255 192 26 255 255 255 224 127 255 255 255 240 28 255 255 255 248 29 255 255 255 252 30 255 255 255 254 31 255 255 255 255 32 NETGEAR strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons e So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address In order for this scheme to work all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address e So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your local network is isolated from the Internet for example when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 10 0 0 0 110 255 255 255
23. Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Connecting the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway to Your LAN This section provides instructions for connecting the DG824M gateway Note The Resource CD included with your gateway contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure Procedure 2 2 Connecting the Gateway There are three steps to connecting your firewall 1 1 2 3 Connect the gateway to your ADSL line Connect the gateway to the computers on your network Log in to the gateway Connect to the Internet Follow the steps below to connect your gateway to your network You can also refer to the Resource CD included with your gateway which contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 1 Connect the DG824M a Turn off your computer b Connect the cable A from the DG824M ADSL port to your ADSL outlet being sure to properly connect the wires as shown in the illustration below i Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway DG824M Figure 2 1 Connect the ADSL Cable Note The illustration above depicts a microfilter splitter specifically designed to enable a phone and ADSL modem to connect to the same phone line wall jack outlet Do not connect the DG824B to your
24. IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192 168 0 2 192 168 0 3 192 168 0 1 172 21 15 105 ee se Je Aa eal m Le 192 168 0 4 192 168 0 5 Figure 7 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT B 8 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system However using port forwarding you can allow one PC for example a Web server on your local network to be accessible to outside users MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another To send data between LAN devices you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control MAC address Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address which is a 48 bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer The technique that associates
25. Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Services Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers For example Web servers serve web pages time servers serve time and date information and game hosts serve data about other players moves When a computer on the Internet sends a request for service to a server computer the requested service is identified by a service or port number This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets For example a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP Web server request The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF and published in RFC1700 Assigned Numbers Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application Although the DG824M already holds a list of many service port numbers you are not limited to these choices Use the procedure below to create your own service definitions as rocedure 4 3 Define Services v 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 Click on the Services link of the Security menu to display the Services menu shown in Figure 4 9 Services
26. TCP IP selected click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue box e Verify that e Obtain an IP address automatically is selected e Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected e Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General 21 xi You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically mC Use the following IP address P address SSS eal Subnet mask so Default gateway ie Obtain DNS server address automatically C Use the following DNS server addresses a ae Advanced Prefered DNS server Altemate DNS server Cancel e Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000 Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Local Area Connection Properties 3 General 2 xi Connect using E3 3Com EtherLink XL 10 100 PCI NIC 3C905 Tx Components checked are used by this connection M Client for Microsoft Networks File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Network sh V Y Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties Install Uninstall Description Allows other computers to access resources on your computer
27. Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your gateway using the menu below or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section Basic Settings Does Your Internet Connection Require A Login No O Yes Account Name If Required DG824 Domain Name lf z Required Internet IP Address Get Dynamically From ISP O Use Static IP Address IP Address IP Subnet Mask Jo jo Gateway IP Address Domain Name Server DNS Address Get Automatically From ISP Use These DNS Servers Primary DNS Secondary DNS Gateway s MAC Address Use Default Address Use This Computer s MAC Address O Use This MAC Address o Figure 2 11 Browser based configuration Basic Settings menu Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 17 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 2 8 Manual Configuration You can manually configure the gateway in the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 2 11 using these steps 1 If your ISP ADSL service requires setting the Multiplexing Method and VPI VCI parameters click on the ADSL Settings link from the main menu fill in the settings your ISP provided and click Apply Usually the default settings will work fine and you can skip this step 2 Click the Basic Settings link on the Setup menu If your Internet connection does not require a login fill in the settings according to t
28. after a period of inactivity To change the login timeout period 1 Inthe Set Password menu type a number in Administrator login times out field The suggested default value is 5 minutes 2 Click Apply to save your changes or click Cancel to keep the current period 4 2 Protecting Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Configuring Basic Firewall Services Basic firewall services you can configure include access blocking and scheduling of firewall security These topics are presented below Blocking Keywords Sites and Services The gateway provides a variety of options for blocking Internet based content and communications services With its content filtering feature the DG824M gateway prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs The Model RT311 router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses Key content filtering options include e Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations that you specify as off limits e Keyword blocking of newsgroup names e Outbound Services Blocking limits access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off limits e Denial of Service DoS protection Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND Attack and IP Spoofing e Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN The section belo
29. and exchanging information with other routers in the network Using this information the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connection they support The DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single user broadband connection Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol RIP Using RIP routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table The DG824M gateway supports both the older RIP 1 and the newer RIP 2 protocols Among other improvements RIP 2 supports subnet and multicast protocols RIP is not required for most home applications IP Addresses and the Internet Because TCP IP networks are interconnected across the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from an Internet service provider ISP You can contact IANA at www iana org The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually written in dot notati
30. at which the modem is transmitting data to the ADSL line VPI The VPI setting VCI The VCI setting 5 6 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Click on the Show Statistics button to display gateway usage statistics as shown in Figure 5 3 below System Up Time 3 10 5 Port Status TxPkts RxPkts Collisions Tx B s Rx B s Up Time WAN 1 OM Halt 6529 147307 0 118 0 3 10 5 LAN 1O00M Full 8440 11540 0 673 404 3 10 5 Serial Not Connected 0 0 nia 0 0 0 0 0 Poll Interval 5 secs Figure 5 4 Gateway Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics Table 5 1 Gateway Statistics Fields Field Description WAN LAN or The statistics for the WAN Internet LAN local and Serial ports For each port the Serial Port screen displays Status The link status of the port TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear Tx B s The current line utilization percentage of current bandwidth used on this port Tx B s The average line utilization average CLU for this port Up Time The time elapsed since this port acquired link System up Time The time elapsed since the last power cycle or reset Poll Interval Specifies the intervals at whi
31. be done in the Basic Settings menu Refer to Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection on page 2 17 Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA The PPPoA or PPPoA connection can be debugged as follows 1 Access the Main Menu of the gateways configuration at http 192 168 0 1 2 Under the Maintenance heading click the Show WAN Status button 3 If all of the steps indicate OK then your PPPoE or PPPoA connection is up and working 4 If any of the steps indicates Failed you can attempt to reconnect by clicking Connect The gateway will continue to attempt to connect indefinitely If you cannot connect after several minutes you may be using an incorrect Service Name User Name or Password There also may be a provisioning problem with your ISP Note Unless you connect manually the gateway will not authenticate using PPPoE or PPPoA until data is transmitted to the network gt Troubleshooting Internet Browsing If your gateway can obtain an IP address but your PC is unable to load any web pages from the Internet e Your PC may not recognize any DNS server addresses 7 6 Troubleshooting Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www addresses to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for your use If you entered a DNS address du
32. default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on Static Routes to view the Static Routes menu shown in Figure 6 4 Static Routes E jactive Name Destination _ Gateway rh YES isdn_rtr 134 177 0 0 192 168 0 100 Add Edit Delete Figure 6 4 Static Routes Table 3 To add or edit a Static Route a Click the Edit button to open the Edit Menu shown in Figure 6 5 Static Routes Route Name isdn_rtr M Private M Active Destination IP Address EN h77 fo bo IP Subnet Mask 255 fess fo fo Gateway IP Address fis2 168 ft 100 Metric i Apply Cancel Figure 6 5 Static Route Entry and Edit Menu b Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table This is for identification purpose only 6 10 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway c Select Active to make this route effective d Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only The static route will not be reported in RIP e Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination f Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination If the destination is a single host type 255 255 255 255 g Type the Gateway IP Address which must be a router on the same LAN segment as the gateway h Type a num
33. during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 2 3 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon If an Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry Select Properties Verify that Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows Then restart your PC Preparing Your Network C 7 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP 2000 or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel This will take you to the next step NS Local Ar
34. for other departments in the organization Network and Routing Basics B 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting To create more network numbers you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address For instance to partition a Class C network number 192 68 135 0 into two you shift one bit from the host address to the network address The new netmask or subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 The first subnet has network number 192 68 135 0 with hosts 192 68 135 1 to 129 68 135 126 and the second subnet has network number 192 68 135 128 with hosts 192 68 135 129 to 192 68 135 254 Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the first subnet The number 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet gt The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted decimal notation To use the table write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted decimal value of the additional subnet bits For example to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Table 7 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of
35. for the gateway and all wireless PCs Devices on an 802 11b wireless network all share the same network name or Service Set Identificatier SSID The first step in configuring your wireless network is to choose a secure value for your wireless network s SSID In the SSID box enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters This same SSID must be entered in the configuration of all PCs and devices connecting to this wireless network The default SSID is Wireless gt Note The SSID of any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in gt the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway If they do not match you will not get a wireless connection to the DG824M 2 Set the Region of operation Select the geopgraphic region in which the wireless interface will operate This setting determines what radio frequencies will be available It may not be legal to operate the gateway in a region other than the region shown here Wireless Configuration 3 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 3 Set the Channel This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby wireless router or access point Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your gateway The default channel is 6 4 For initial configurati
36. gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway Managing Your Network 5 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 2 From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu select the Settings Backup menu as seen in Figure 5 1 Settings Backup Save a copy of current settings Back Up Restore saved settings from file Restore Revert to factory default settings Browse Erase Figure 5 1 Settings Backup menu 3 Click Backup to save a copy of the current settings 4 Store the cfg file on a computer on your network 5 2 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 5 7 Restore a Configuration from a File 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu select the Settings Backup menu as seen in Figure 5 1 3 Enter the full path to the file on your network or click the Browse button to browse to the file 4 When you have located the cfg file click the Restore button to upload the file to the gateway 5 The gateway will then reboot automatical
37. information for use in the configuration of your firewall Write down this information before reconfiguring your computers Refer to Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers on page C 19 or Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers on page C 20 for further information Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interface Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP IP e Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network e Windows 3 1 does not include a TCP IP component You need to purchase a third party TCP IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon e Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network Preparing Your Network C 1 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP IP components Follow the instructions provided with your operating system or networking software to install TCP IP on your computer In your IP network each PC and the firewall must b
38. intrusions Since user level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states Using Stateful Packet Inspection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections All traffic passing through the firewall is analyzed against the state of these connections in order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or rejected Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service DoS attack The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information Wireless Networking The DG824M gateway conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11b standard for wireless LANs WLANs On an 802 11b wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectru
39. new firmware into the gateway must support HTTP uploads NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or Netscape Navigator 4 7 and above 2 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 3 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Gateway Upgrade heading to display the menu shown in Figure 5 2 Gateway Upgrade Locate and select the upgrade file from your hard disk Browse Figure 5 2 Gateway Upgrade menu 4 Inthe Gateway Upgrade menu click the Browse to locate the binary BIN or IMG upgrade file 5 Click Upload Note When uploading software to the gateway it is important not to interrupt the Web browser by closing the window clicking a link or loading a new page If the browser is interrupted it may corrupt the software When the upload is complete your gateway will automatically restart The upgrade process will typically take about one minute In some cases you may need to clear the configuration and reconfigure the gateway after upgrading 5 4 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Network Management Information The DG824M provides a variety of status and usage information which is discussed below Viewing Gatew
40. on your PC PPP over ATM PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating a ATM connection Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS services allow remote users to find your network using a domain name when your IP address is not permanently assigned The gateway contains a client that can connect to many popular Dynamic DNS services to register your dynamic IP address Easy Installation and Management You can install configure and operate the DG824M within minutes after connecting it to the network The following features simplify installation and management tasks Browser based management Browser based configuration allows you to easily configure your gateway from almost any type of personal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux A user friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser based Web Management Interface Smart Wizard The gateway automatically senses the type of Internet connection asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account Remote management The gateway allows you to login to the Web Management Interface from a remote location via the Internet For security you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP address or range of addresses and you can choose a nonstandard port number Introduction Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Di
41. services such as mail or news servers 2 18 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway b Internet IP Address If your ISP has assigned you a permanent fixed static IP address for your PC select Use static IP address Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned Also enter the netmask and the Gateway IP address The Gateway is the ISP s router to which your gateway will connect c Domain Name Server DNS Address If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the gateway during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www netgear com to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP transfers the IP address of one or two DNS servers to your gateway during login If the ISP does not transfer an address you must obtain it from the ISP and enter it manually here If you enter an address here you should reboot your PCs after configuring the gateway d Gateway s MAC Address This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the gateway on the Internet port Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your PC when your account is first opened They will then only accept traffic from th
42. using a Microsoft network J Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card you need to configure the TCP IP environment for Windows NT 4 0 Follow this procedure to configure TCP IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4 0 e Choose Settings from the Start Menu and then select Control Panel This will display Control Panel window Network 2 x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings fi Windows uses the following information to identify your R computer on the network You may change the name for s Double click the Network icon in the this computer and the workgroup or domain that it will i appear in Control Panel window Computer Name DOCBERTNT The Network panel will display Workgroup emoa Select the Protocols tab to continue OK Cancel Preparing Your Network C 13 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e Highlight the TCP IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box and click on the Properties button Network 2 x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings Network Protocols FICPAP Protocol Add Description Cancel Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model R
43. 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 NETGEAR recommends that you choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the DG824M gateway is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines explained here For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF publishes RFCs on its Web site at www ietf org Network and Routing Basics B 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP This type of Internet account is more costly than a single address account typically used by a single user with a modem rather than a router The DG824M gateway employs an address sharing method called Network Address Translation NAT This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet The internal LAN
44. 4 About This Guide Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The DG824M gateway is a combination of a built in ADSL modem router 4 port switch and firewall which enables your entire network to safely share an Internet connection that otherwise is used by a single PC Note If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing refer to Appendix B Network and Routing Basics to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this manual gt About the Gateway The DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway provides continuous high speed 11 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices The DG824M gateway enables your entire network to share an Internet connection through the built in ADSL modem that otherwise is used by a single PC With minimum setup you can install and use the gateway within minutes The DG824M gateway provides multiple Web content filtering options plus e mail browsing activity reporting and instant alerts Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day website addresses and address keywords and share high speed ADSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers The included firewall and Network Address Translation NAT features protect you from hackers Key Features The DG824M gateway provides the following features e A Powerful True Firewall
45. As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www ietf org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network LAN However providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive Because of this expense Internet access is usually provided by a slower speed wide area network WAN link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router Network and Routing Basics B 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router In these routing tables a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering
46. DG824M supports the Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and Routing Information Protocol RIP Appendix B Network and Routing Basics provides further information on TCP IP e IP Address Sharing by NAT The DG824M allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider ISP This technique known as Network Address Translation NAT allows the use of an inexpensive single user ISP account e Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP The DG824M dynamically assigns network configuration information including IP gateway and domain name server DNS addresses to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network Introduction 1 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway DNS Proxy When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified the gateway provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs The gateway obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN PPP over Ethernet PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating a dial up connection This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as EnterNet or WinPOET
47. HCP and TCP IP settings of the gateway are satisfactory See IP Configuration by DHCP on page B 10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network Use Gateway as DHCP server If another device on your network will be the DHCP server or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers clear the Use router as DHCP server check box Otherwise leave it checked Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the gateway s LAN IP address Using the default addressing scheme you should define a range between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 253 although you may wish to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses The gateway will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP e An IP Address from the range you have defined e Subnet Mask e Gateway IP Address is the gateway s LAN IP address e Primary DNS Server if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu otherwise the gateway s LAN IP address e Secondary DNS Server if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu Advanced Configuration 6 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e WINS Server short for Windows Internet Naming Service Server determines the IP address associated
48. If the NETGEAR website does not 9999 appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Procedure 2 7 Wizard Detected Fixed IP Static Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses Fixed IP assignment you will be directed to the menu shown in Figure 2 10 below Fixed IP Internet IP Address IP Address fo f f fo IP Subnet Mask fess 255 fess fo Ta can cni cai oa Domain Name Server DNS Address Primary DNS fo fo fo fo Secondary DNS fo fo fo fo Apply Cancel Test Figure 2 10 Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address 1 Enter your assigned IP Address Subnet Mask and the IP Address of your ISP s gateway router This information should have been provided to you by your ISP You will need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page lt chapnum gt 4 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 15 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 2 Enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also A DNS servers are required to perform the function of translating an Internet name such as www netgear com to a numeric IP address For a fixed IP address configuration you must obtain DNS server addresses from your ISP and enter them manually here You should reboot your PCs after configuring the gateway for these
49. Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Computer Hardware Requirements To use the DG824M gateway on your network each computer must have an installed Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC and an Ethernet cable or a 802 11b wireless adapter If the computer will connect to your network at 100 Mbps you must use a Category 5 CATS cable such as the one provided with your gateway LAN Configuration Requirements For the initial connection to the Internet and configuration of your gateway you will need to connect a computer to the gateway which is set to automatically get its TCP IP configuration from the gateway via DHCP Note Please refer to Appendix C Preparing Your Network for assistance with DHCP configuration Internet Configuration Requirements Depending on how your ISP set up your Internet account you will need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your gateway to the Internet e VPI VCI parameters e Multiplexing Method e Host and Domain Names e ISP Login Name and Password e ISP Domain Name Server DNS Addresses e Fixed or Static IP Address Where Do Get the Internet Configuration Parameters There are several ways you can gather the required Internet connection information e Your ISP should have provided you with all the information needed to connect to the Internet If you cannot locate this information you can ask your ISP to provide it or you can try one of the options be
50. P614 Web Safe Router Microsoft TCP IP Properties 21 x IP Address DNS WINS Address Routing An IP address can be automatically assigned to this network card The TCP IP Properties dialog box now A A E E neta displays the space below e Click the IP Address tab Adapter 1 3Com Etherlink III PCI Bus Master Adapter 30590 Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server Specify an IP address e Click OK This completes the configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP 2000 and NT4 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 Preparing Your Network C 15 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP IP Networking
51. PI or VCI If your ISP provided you with a specific Multiplexing Method or VPI VCI number then fill in the following Multiplexing Method circle one LLC based or VC based VPI A number between 0 and 255 VCI A number between land 65535 ISP Login Name The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP Some ISPs use your full e mail address as the login name The Service Name is not required by all ISPs If you connect using a login name and password then fill in the following Login Name Password Service Name Fixed or Static IP Address If you have a static IP address record the following information For example 169 254 141 148 could be a valid IP address Fixed or Static Internet IP Address Gateway IP Address Subnet Mask ISP DNS Server Addresses If you were given DNS server addresses fill in the following Primary DNS Server IP Address i Secondary DNS Server IP Address Host and Domain Names Some ISPs use a specific host or domain name like CCA7324 A or home If you haven t been given host or domain names you can use the following examples as a guide e If your main e mail account with your ISP is aaa yyy com then use aaa as your host name Your ISP might call this your account user host computer or system name e If your ISP s mail server is mail xxx yyy com then use xxx yyy com as the domain name ISP Host Name ISP Domain Name 2 4
52. Port forwarding in the Ports menu you can set up a schedule for when blocking occurs or when access isn t restricted 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 Click on the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown above in the Schedule Services menu 3 To block Internet services based on a schedule select Every Day or select one or more days If you want to limit access completely for the selected days select All Day Otherwise to limit access during certain times for the selected days enter Start Blocking and End Blocking times Note Enter the values as 24 hour time For example 10 30 am would be 10 hours and 30 minutes and 10 30 pm would be 22 hours and 30 minutes 4 Click Apply to save your changes 4 16 Protecting Your Network Chapter 5 Managing Your Network This chapter describes how to perform network management tasks with your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Backing Up Restoring or Erasing Your Settings The configuration settings of the DG824M gateway are stored in a configuration file in the gateway This file can be backed up to your computer restored or reverted to factory default settings The procedures below explain how to do these tasks Procedure 5 6 Backup the Configuration to a File 1 Log in to the
53. Wizard 2 Click Next The Setup Wizard will now check for the following connection types e Dynamic IP assignment e A login protocol such as PPPoE or PPPoA 2 10 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Fixed IP address assignment Next the Setup Wizard will report which connection type it has discovered and then display the appropriate configuration menu If the Setup Wizard finds no connection you will be prompted to check the physical connection between your gateway and the ADSL line When the connection is properly made the gateway s Internet LED should be on The procedures for filling in the configuration menu for each type of connection follow below N Procedure 2 4 Wizard Detected PPPoE Login Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over Ethernet PPPoE you will be directed to a menu like the PPPoE menu in Figure 2 7 Encapsulation Login guest Password Service Name If Required Idle Timeout minutes 15 Domain Name Server DNS Address Get Automatically From ISP Use These DNS Servers Primary DNS Secondary DNS Apply Cancel Test Figure 2 7 Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE login accounts 1 Enter the PPPoE login user name password and Service Name if required as provided by your ISP These fields are case sensitive 2 If you w
54. agnostic functions The gateway incorporates built in diagnostic functions such as Ping DNS lookup and remote reboot These functions allow you to test Internet connectivity and reboot the gateway You can use these diagnostic functions directly from the DG824M when your are connect on the LAN or when you are connected over the Internet via the remote management function e Visual monitoring The gateway s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity e Flash EPROM for firmware upgrade Introduction 1 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway What s in the Box The product package should contain the following items DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway AC power adapter varies by region Category 5 Cat 5 Ethernet cable Telephone cable Microfilters quantity and type vary by region Model DG amp 24M Resource CD including This guide Application Notes A Quick Printed Installation Guide Warranty and Support Information Cards If any of the parts are incorrect missing or damaged contact your NETGEAR dealer Keep the carton including the original packing materials in case you need to return the product for repair The Gateway s Front Panel The DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway front panel shown below contains status LEDs Figure 1 1 DG824M Front Panel 1 6 Introduction Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway
55. arameters are Service From this list select the application or service to be allowed or blocked The list already displays many common services but you are not limited to these choices Use the Add Services menu to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear Action Choose how you would like this type of traffic to be handled You can block or allow always or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu LAN Users These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule based on their source LAN IP address Select the desired option e Any All IP addresses are covered by this rule e Address range If this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields e Single address Enter the required address in the Start fields WAN Users These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule based on their destination WAN IP address Select the desired option e Any All IP addresses are covered by this rule e Address range If this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields e Single address Enter the required address in the Start fields Log You can select whether the traffic will be logged The choices are e Never no log entries will be made for this service e Always any traffic for this service type will be logged e Match traffic of this type which matches the parameters and action wil
56. are e Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an eight bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range 1 X X X tO 126 X X xX e Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range 128 1 x x to 191 254 x X Network and Routing Basics B 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node They are in this range 192 0 1 x to 223 255 254 x e Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts messages sent to many hosts Class D addresses are in this range 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 e ClassE Class E addresses are for experimental use This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network For each unique value of the network portion of the address the base address of the range host address of all zeros is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host Also the top address of the range host address of all ones is not assigned but is used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address Netmask In
57. ay Status and Usage Statistics From the Main Menu under Maintenance select Gateway Status to view the screen in Figure 5 3 Gateway Status System Name DG824 Firmware Version Version 1 0 Release 08 WAN Port MAC Address 00 C0 02 DA 82 48 IP Address DHCP Client IP Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 Domain Name Server LAN Port MAC Address 00 C0 02 DA 82 47 IP Address 192 168 0 1 DHCP Server IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 ADSL Modem ADSL Firmware Version 53050 Modem Status Connecting Connect Mode LLC BASED Downstream Speed 0 Kbps Upstream Speed 0 Kbps VPI 8 vel 36 Show Statistics Show WAN Status Figure 5 3 Gateway Status screen The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Maintenance select Router Status to view the status screen shown in Figure 5 3 Managing Your Network 5 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway This screen shows the following parameters Table 5 1 Menu 3 2 Gateway Status Fields Field Description System Name The Host Name assigned to the gateway in the Basic Settings menu Firmware Version This field displays the gateway firmware version WAN Port MAC Address IP Address DHCP IP Subnet Mask Domain Name Servers DNS These parameters apply to the Internet WAN port of the gateway This field displays the Ethernet MAC address bein
58. ber between 1 and 15 as the Metric value This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination Usually a setting of 2 or 3 works but if this is a direct connection set it to 1 4 Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table Advanced Configuration 6 11 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 6 12 Advanced Configuration Chapter 7 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway After each problem description instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem For the common problems listed go to the section indicated e Is the gateway on e Have I connected the gateway correctly Go to Basic Functioning on page 7 1 e Ican t access the gateway s configuration with my browser Go to Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface on page 7 3 e Tve configured the gateway but I can t access the Internet Go to Troubleshooting the ISP Connection on page 7 4 e Ican t remember the gateway s configuration password e want to clear the configuration and start over again Go to Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 7 9 Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the gateway the following sequence of events should occur 1 When power is first applied verify that the Power LED is on 2 Verify that the Test LED li
59. ces to view the table shown in Figure 5 6 Attached Devices _ IP Address Device Name MAC Address _ 1 192 168 0 2 emachine 00 48 54 8d d7 d3 Refresh Figure 5 6 Attached Devices menu For each device the table shows the IP address NetBIOS Host Name if available and the Ethernet MAC address Note that if the gateway is rebooted the table data is lost until the gateway rediscovers the devices To force the gateway to look for attached devices click the Refresh button Managing Your Network 5 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Viewing Selecting and Saving Logged Information The gateway will log security related events such as denied incoming service requests hacker probes and administrator logins If you enabled content filtering in the Block Sites menu the Logs page shows you when someone on your network tried to access a blocked site If you enabled e mail notification you ll receive these logs in an e mail message If you don t have e mail notification enabled you can view the logs here An example is shown below Logs Date 2002 08 27 10 36 40 Tue 2002 08 27 07 08 14 Tue 2002 08 27 07 15 32 Tue 2002 08 27 07 29 19 Tue 2002 08 27 07 29 21 Tue 2002 08 27 07 32 47 Tue 2002 08 27 07 32 53 Tue 2002 08 27 07 33 12 Tue 2002 08 27 07 33 31 Tue 2002 08 27 07 33 49 lt 72775 WAN Destination 10 3128 WAN Destination 10 2035 WAN
60. ch the statistics are updated in this window Click on Stop to freeze the display Managing Your Network 5 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Click on the Show WAN Status button to display gateway WAN connection status as shown in Figure 5 5 below Connection Time 02 03 53 Connection Method Dynamic IP IP Address Network Mask 0 0 0 0 Default Gateway 0 0 0 0 Renew Figure 5 5 Gateway WAN Status screen Clicking the Renew button updates the status information This screen shows the following statistics Table 5 1 Gateway Statistics Fields Field Description Connection Time The time elapsed since the last connection to the Internet via the ADSL port Connection Method The method the ADSL port acquired its TCP IP configuration IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider Network Mask Then Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider Default Gateway Then Default Gateway router assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider 5 8 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Viewing Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the gateway has discovered on the local network From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Attached Devi
61. cks and administrator logins You can configure the gateway to email the log to you at specified intervals You can also configure the gateway to send immediate alert messages to your email address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs 1 2 Introduction Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Content Filtering With its content filtering feature the DG824M prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs The gateway allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses You can configure the gateway to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet Connections With its internal 4 port 10 100 switch the DG824M can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network The local LAN ports are autosensing and capable of full duplex or half duplex operation The gateway incorporates Auto Uplink technology Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a PC or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Protocol Support The
62. cy Spread 1 2412Mhz 2399 5Mhz 2424 5Mhz 2 2417Mhz 2404 5Mhz 2429 5Mhz 3 2422Mhz 2409 5Mhz 2434 5Mhz 4 2427Mhz 2414 5Mhz 2439 5Mhz 5 2432Mhz 2419 5Mhz 2444 5Mhz 6 2437Mhz 2424 5Mhz 2449 5Mhz 7 2442Mhz 2429 5Mhz 2454 5Mhz 8 2447Mhz 2434 5Mhz 2459 5Mhz 9 2452Mhz 2439 5Mhz 2464 5Mhz 10 2457Mhz 2444 5Mhz 2469 5Mhz 11 2462Mhz 2449 5Mhz 2474 5Mhz 12 2467Mhz 2454 5Mhz 2479 5Mhz 13 2472Mhz 2459 5Mhz 2484 5Mhz Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap Network and Routing Basics Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the Model RP614 Web Safe Router and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider ISP Note If an ISP technician configured your computer during the installation of a gt broadband modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you may need to copy the current configuration
63. dow opens which displays a list of installed components C 2 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router Network 21 x Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR FA310TX Fast Ethernet PCI Adapter Eraperties Primary Network Logon l Client for Microsoft Networks Eile and Print Sharing Description You must have an Ethernet adapter the TCP IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks If you need to install a new adapter follow these steps a Click the Add button b Select Adapter and then click Add c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and then click OK If you need TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protocol and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select TCP IP and then click OK Preparing Your Network C 3 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router If you need Client for Microsoft Networks a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click OK 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Auto
64. e MAC address of that PC This feature allows your gateway to masquerade as that PC by cloning its MAC address To change the MAC address select Use this Computer s MAC address The gateway will then capture and use the MAC address of the PC that you are now using You must be using the one PC that is allowed by the ISP Or select Use this MAC address and enter it 4 Click Apply to save your settings 5 Click on the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 19 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 2 20 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Considerations For A Wireless Network In planning your wireless network you should consider the level of security required You should also select the physical placement of your gateway in order to maximize the network speed For further information on wireless networking refer to Wireless Networking in Appendix B Network and Routing Basics Implement Appropriate Security Unlike wired network data your wireless data transmissions can extend beyond your walls and can be received by anyone with a compatible adapter For this reason use th
65. e When entering configuration settings be sure to click the APPLY button before moving to another menu or tab or your changes are lost e Click the Refresh or Reload button in the Web browser The changes may have occurred but the Web browser may be caching the old configuration Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your gateway is unable to access the Internet you should check the ADSL connection then the WAN TCP IP connection ADSL link If your gateway is unable to access the Internet you should first determine whether you have an ADSL link with the service provider The state of this connection is indicated with the WAN LED WAN LED Green or Blinking Green If your WAN LED is green or blinking green then you have a good ADSL connection You can be confident that the service provider has connected your line correctly and that your wiring is correct WAN LED Blinking Yellow If your WAN LED is blinking yellow then your gateway is attempting to make an ADSL connection with the service provider The LED should turn green within several minutes If the WAN LED does not turn green disconnect all telephones on the line If this solves the problem reconnect the telephones one at a time being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone If the microfilters are connected correctly you should be able to connect all your telephones If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED there may be a problem with you
66. e assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during bootup For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items refer to Appendix B Networks Routing and Firewall Basics The RP614 router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP server The firewall assigns the following TCP IP configuration information automatically when the PCs are rebooted e PC or workstation IP addresses 192 168 0 2 through 192 168 0 254 e Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 e Gateway address the firewall 192 168 0 1 These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in private networks Configuring Windows 95 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you need to manually install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network win
67. e browser interface 1 Launch your browser and select an external site such as www netgear com 2 Access the Main Menu of the gateway s configuration at http 192 168 0 1 3 Under the Maintenance heading check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port If 0 0 0 0 is shown your gateway has not obtained an IP address from your ISP If your gateway is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following e Your ISP may require a Multiplexing Method or VPI VCI parameter Verify with your ISP the Multiplexing Method and parameter value and update the gateway s Basic Settings accordingly e Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPOA login e Ifyou have selected a login program you may have incorrectly set the Service Name User Name and Password See Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA below Troubleshooting 7 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Your ISP may check for your PC s host name Assign the PC Host Name of your ISP account to the gateway in the browser based Setup Wizard e Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet and may check for your PC s MAC address In this case Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device and ask them to use the gateway s MAC address OR Configure your gateway to spoof your PC s MAC address This can
68. e external WAN IP address will fail Protecting Your Network 4 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Outbound Rules Service Blocking The DG824M allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by PCs on your network This is called service blocking or port filtering You can define an outbound rule to block Internet access from a local PC based on e the IP address of the local PC source address e the IP address of the Internet site being contacted destination address e the time of day e the type of service being requested service port number Following is an application example of outbound rules Outbound Rule Example Blocking Instant Messenger If you want to block Instant Messenger usage by employees during working hours you can create an outbound rule to block that application from any internal IP address to any external address according to the schedule that you have created in the Schedule menu You can also have the gateway log any attempt to use Instant Messenger during that blocked period Outbound Services Service AIM TCP 5190 z Action BLOCK by schedule otherwise allow z LAN users Any ha start 8 finish A 8 WAN Users Any hd start A a finish a Aw A Log Match gt Back Cancel Figure 4 7 Rule example Blocking Instant Messenger 4 10 Protecting Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The p
69. e following items 4 Client for Microsoft Networks v 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks dE QoS Packet Scheduler v Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft network Show icon in notification area when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected e Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected e Click the OK button This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 Once again after you have installed the network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured TCP IP should be added by default and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However
70. e security features of your wireless equipment As a minimum precaution change the SSID setting of all devices on your network from the factory setting to a unique password Restricting access by MAC address filtering adds another obstacle against unwanted hosts joining your network To hinder a determined eavesdropper you should enable Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption However there may be a significant degradation of the data throughput on the wireless link when WEP is enabled Observe Placement and Range Guidelines The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless gateway Wireless Configuration 3 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway gt Note Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance gt degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the router For best results place your gateway e Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate e Inan elevated location such as a high shelf e Away from potential sources of interference such as PCs microwaves and 2 4 GHz cordless phones e Away from large metal surfaces Wireless Settings To configure the Wireless interface of your gateway click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface The Wireless Settings menu will appear as shown below Wireless Settings Identi
71. e the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry Wireless Channel Selection IEEE 802 11 wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4Ghz and 2 5Ghz Neighboring channels are 5Mhz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum12 5Mhz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel 1 and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation Network and Routing Basics B 15 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table 7 2 Table 7 2 802 11 Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequen
72. ea Conneq Network Tasks Disable fa Create a new connection Repair amp Disable this network device Bridge Connections Q Repair this connection N j Rename this connection eano e Now the Network Connection window view status of this 3 connection name displays Change settings of this Properties connection The Connections List that shows all the network connections set up on the PC located to the right of the window Details Other Places e Right click on the Connection you will use and choose Status C 8 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window This box displays the connection status duration speed and activity statistics e Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window e Click the Properties button to view details about the connection Local Area Connection Status General Support Connection Status Connected 01 40 23 100 0 Mbps Duration Speed Activity Sent Received Packets 138 143 243 057 e The TCP IP details are presented on the Support tab page e Select Internet Protocol and click Properties to view the configuration information 4 Local Area Connection Properties General Authentication Advanced Connect using E9 Intel R PRO 100 VE Network Connection This connection uses th
73. each of the address classes previously described the size of the two parts network address and host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an AND operator with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When combined using an AND operator with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the address remains 11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 192 168 170 237 combined with 11111111 11111111 211111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 Equals 11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 192 168 170 0 B 4 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway As a shorter alternative to dotted decimal notation the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left This number is appended to the IP address following a backward slash as n In the example the address could be written as 192 168 170 237 24 indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures you can see that even with a Class C address the
74. ecify that logs are automatically sent to the specified e mail address with these options Managing Your Network 5 13 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Send alert immediately Check this box if you would like immediate notification of a significant security event such as a known attack port scan or attempted access to a blocked site e Send logs according to this schedule Specifies how often to send the logs Hourly Daily Weekly or When Full Day for sending log Specifies which day of the week to send the log Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily Time for sending log Specifies the time of day to send the log Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly If the Weekly Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period the log is automatically e mailed to the specified e mail address After the log is sent the log is cleared from the gateway s memory If the gateway cannot e mail the log file the log buffer may fill up In this case the gateway overwrites the log and discards its contents 5 14 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router The DG824M gateway has a diagnostics feature You can use the diagnostics menu to perform the following functions from the gateway e Ping an IP Address to test connectivity to see if you can reac
75. ed When WEP is enabled you can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all PCs and Access Points in your network e Manual Enter 10 hexadecimal digits if 64 Bit WEP or 26 digits for 128 Bit WEP Hexadecimal digits are 0 9 a f or A F Wireless Configuration 3 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Automatic Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button Select which of the four keys will be active Click Apply to save any settings from this menu 3 8 Wireless Configuration Chapter 4 Protecting Your Network This chapter describes how to use the basic firewall features of the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway to protect your network Protecting Access to Your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway For security reasons the gateway has its own user name and password Also after a period of inactivity for a set length of time the administrator login will automatically disconnect When prompted enter admin for the gateway User Name and password for the gateway Password You can use procedures below to change the gateway s password and the amount of time for the administrator s login timeout Note The user name and password are not the same as any user name or password your may use to log in to your Internet connection NETGEAR recommends that you change this password to a m
76. erence Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 6 Click Apply to have your changes take effect When accessing your gateway from the Internet you will type your gateway s WAN IP address in your browser s Address in IE or Location in Netscape box followed by a colon and the custom port number For example if your external address is 134 177 0 123 and you use port number 8080 enter in your browser http 134 177 0 123 8080 Note In this case the http must be included in the address Managing Your Network 5 17 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 5 18 Managing Your Network Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Configuring Advanced Security The DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway provides a variety of advanced features such as e Setting up a Demilitarized Zone DMZ Server e The flexibility of configuring your LAN TCP IP settings These features are discussed below Setting Up A Default DMZ Server The Default DMZ Server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are incompatible with NAT The gateway is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them but there are other applications that may not function well In some cases one local PC can run the application properly if that PC
77. fault LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 6 6 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 2 From the Main Menu under Advanced click the LAN IP Setup link to view the menu shown in Figure 6 3 LAN IP Setup LAN TCPAP Setup IP Address hoz ies o J IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 jlo RIP Direction None RIP Version Disabled v MTU Size Default 1500 Custom 1500 Use router as DHCP server Starting IP Address 192 168 0 2 Ending IP Address 192 se fo s Reserved IP Table IP Address Mac Address Device Name Figure 6 3 LAN IP Setup Menu 3 Enter the TCP IP MTU DHCP or Reserved IP parameters 4 Click Apply to save your changes Configuring Dynamic DNS If your network has a permanently assigned IP address you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers DNS However if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address you will not know in advance what your IP address will be and the address can change frequently In this case you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service who will allow you to register your domain to their IP address and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequently changing IP address
78. fication Regulatory Domain USA Canada Station Name DG824M SSID Service Set Identifier Wireless Options Channel No 10 WEP Status no data encryption Access Point Allow access by All Wireless stations Trusted PCs only Figure 3 1 Wireless Settings menu In the Wireless Network section are the following parameters 3 2 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Identification Regulatory Domain This field displays the region of operation for which the wireless interface is intended It may not be legal to operate the gateway in a region other than the region shown here Station Name The gateway model number SSID Service Set ID This is also known as the wireless network name Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters The same SSID must be assigned to all wireless devices in your network The default SSID is Wireless e Options Channel No This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby access point WEP Status Identifies the WEP options configured e Access Point All wireless stations Any wireless station can connect Trusted PCs only Only PCs with MAC address which you have specified can connect Procedure 3 1 Configuring Basic Wireless Network Settings 1 Choose an SSID
79. firewall After configuring all of your computers for TCP IP networking and restarting them and connecting them to the local network of your RP614 router you are ready to access and configure the firewall Preparing Your Network C 21 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router C 22 Preparing Your Network 10BASE T 100BASE Tx 802 11b ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Denial of Service attack DHCP DNS Domain Name Domain Name Server DSLAM Glossary IEEE 802 3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE 802 3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz See Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line A technology for sending data over regular telephone lines ADSL allows data rates up to 8 Mbps downstream and 640 Kbps upstream DoS A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol See Domain Name Server A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk etc For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR com is
80. g used by the Internet WAN port of the gateway This field displays the IP address being used by the Internet WAN port of the gateway If no address is shown the gateway cannot connect to the Internet If None the gateway will use a fixed IP address on the WAN If Client the gateway will obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet WAN port of the gateway This field displays the DNS Server IP addresses being used by the gateway These addresses are usually obtained dynamically from the ISP LAN Port MAC Address IP Address IP Subnet Mask These parameters apply to the Local WAN port of the gateway This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Local LAN port of the gateway This field displays the IP address being used by the Local LAN port of the gateway The default is 192 168 0 1 This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local LAN port of the gateway The default is 255 255 255 0 ADSL Firmware Version Modem Status Downstream Speed Upstream Speed DHCP If OFF the gateway will not assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN If ON the gateway will assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN ADSL Modem These parameters apply to the Local WAN port of the gateway The version of the firmware The connection status of the modem The speed at which the modem is receiving data from the ADSL line The speed
81. ghts within a few seconds indicating that the self test procedure is running 3 After approximately 10 seconds verify that a The Test LED is not lit Troubleshooting 7 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway b The LAN port LEDs are lit for any local ports that are connected c The WAN port LED is lit If a port s LED is lit a link has been established to the connected device If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device verify that the port s LED is green If the port is 10 Mbps the LED will be amber If any of these conditions does not occur refer to the appropriate following section Power LED Not On If the Power and other LEDs are off when your gateway is turned on e Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your gateway and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet e Check that you are using the 12 V DC power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product If the error persists you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On When the gateway is turned on the Test LED turns on for about 10 seconds and then turns off If the Test LED does not turn on or if it stays on there is a fault within the gateway If you experience problems with the Test LED e Cycle the power to see if the gateway recovers and the LED blinks for the correct amount of time If al
82. gram To activate this feature check the box under Syslog and enter the IP address of the server where the log file will be written Examples of log messages Following are examples of log messages In all cases the log entry shows the timestamp as Day Year Month Date Hour Minute Second Activation and Administration Tue 2002 05 21 18 48 39 NETGEAR activated This entry indicates a power up or reboot with initial time entry Tue 2002 05 21 18 55 00 Administrator login successful IP 192 168 0 2 Thu 2002 05 21 18 56 58 Administrator logout IP 192 168 0 2 This entry shows an administrator logging in and out from IP address 192 168 0 2 Tue 2002 05 21 19 00 06 Login screen timed out IP 192 168 0 2 This entry shows a time out of the administrator login Wed 2002 05 22 22 00 19 Log emailed This entry shows when the log was emailed Dropped Packets Wed 2002 05 22 07 15 15 TCP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 4787 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 21 LAN Inbound Default rule match Sun 2002 05 22 12 50 33 UDP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 10714 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 6970 LAN Inbound Default rule match Sun 2002 05 22 21 02 53 ICMP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 0 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 0 LAN Inbound Default rule match These entries show an inbound FTP port 21 packet UDP packet port 6970 and ICMP packet port 0 being dropped as a result of the default i
83. h a remote host e Perform a DNS Lookup to test if an Internet name resolves to an IP address to verify that the DNS server configuration is working e Display the Routing Table to identify what other routers the router is communicating with e Trace the Routing Path to identify any connectivity or congestion problems in the network e Reboot the Router to enable new network configurations to take effect or to clear problems with the router s network connection From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Router Diagnostics heading to display the menu shown in Figure 5 9 Diagnostics Ping an IP address IP Address f f l l Ping Perform a DNS Lookup Internet Name Lookup IP address DNS Server Display the Routing Table Display Reboot the Gateway Reboot Figure 5 9 Diagnostics menu Managing Your Network 5 15 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway E nabling Remote Management Using the Remote Management page you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure upgrade and check the status of your NETGEAR Cable DSL ProSafe VPN Firewall ber d ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language and should be a Note Be sure to change the router s default password to a very secure password The mixture of letters both upper and lower case numbers and symbols Your password can be up to 30 characte
84. he Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP o TcP IP EB Connect via Ethernet Setup Configure Using DHCP Server DHCP Client ID IP Address 192 168 0 2 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Router address 192 168 0 1 Search domains Name server addr 192 168 0 1 The panel is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends e The IP Address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The Subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 The Router address is 192 168 0 1 If you do not see these values you may need to restart your Macintosh or you may need to switch the Configure setting to a different option then back again to Using DHCP Server Preparing Your Network C 17 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet you need to contract with an Internet service provider ISP for a single user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem This modem must be a separate physical box not a card and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card NIC in a computer Your firewall does not support a USB connected broadband modem For a single user Internet account your ISP supplies TCP IP configuration information for one co
85. he Password or key for your dynamic DNS account 9 If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL you may select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature For example the wildcard feature will cause yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org 10 Click Apply to save your configuration Note If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address such as 192 168 x x or 10 x x x the dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet Cd 6 8 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Using Static Routes Static Routes provide additional routing information to your gateway Under normal circumstances the gateway has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access and you do not need to configure additional static routes You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network Static Route Example As an example of when a static route is needed consider the following case e Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP e You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where you are employed This router s address on your LAN is 192 168 0 100 e Your company s network is 134 177 0 0 When you first co
86. he instructions below If your Internet connection does require a login click Yes and skip to step 3 Select Yes if you normally must launch a login program such as Enternet or WinPOET in order to access the Internet Note You will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your gateway will automatically log you in a Enter your Account Name may also be called Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers These fields are case sensitive b If you wish to change the login timeout enter a new value in minutes This determines how long the gateway keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN Entering an Idle Timeout value of zero means never log out c Domain Name Server DNS Address If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the gateway during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also 3 If your Internet connection does require a login click Yes at the top of the Basic Settings menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below a Enter your Account Name may also be called Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s
87. ices must be configured with the same SSID B 14 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Authentication and WEP Encryption The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods Open System and Shared Key With Open System authentication a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is utilized when the wireless nodes or access points are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits are not user configurable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption sinc
88. imple descriptive names such as www NETGEAR com This addressing is very helpful at the application level but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource Just as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses a domain name system DNS server maps descriptive names of network resources to IP addresses When a PC accesses a resource by its descriptive name it first contacts a DNS server to obtain the IP address of the resource The PC sends the desired message using the IP address Many large organizations such as ISPs maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP based local area network is installed each PC must be configured with an IP address If the PCs need to access the Internet they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual configuration there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign to the other devices on the network The DG824M gateway has the capacity to act as a DHCP ser
89. ing Up Restoring or Erasing Your Settings on page 5 1 e Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known Using the Default Reset button To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router 1 Press and hold the Default Reset button until the Test LED turns on about 10 seconds 2 Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot Problems with Date and Time The E Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day The DG824M gateway uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day Problems with the date and time function can include e Date shown is January 1 2000 Cause The router has not yet successfully reached a Network Time Server Check that your Internet access settings are configured correctly If you have just completed configuring the router wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again e Time is off by one hour Cause The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings Time In the E Mail menu check or uncheck the box marked Adjust for Daylight Savings Time Troubleshooti
90. ing an inbound rule you can make a local server for example a web server or game server visible and available to the Internet The rule tells the gateway to direct inbound traffic for a particular service to one local server based on the destination port number This is also known as port forwarding Note Some residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server gt processes such as a Web or FTP server from your location Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location If you are unsure refer to the Acceptable Use Policy of your ISP Remember that allowing inbound services opens holes in your firewall Only enable those ports that are necessary for your network Following are two application examples of inbound rules Inbound Rule Example A Local Public Web Server If you host a public web server on your local network you can define a rule to allow inbound web HTTP requests from any outside IP address to the IP address of your web server at any time of day This rule is shown in Figure 4 5 Inbound Services Service HTTP TCP 80 z Action aLowaways H Send to LAN Server 192 j168 j0 _ 99 WAN Users Any start finish Log Never gt Back Cancel Figure 4 5 Rule example A Local Public Web Server Protecting Your Network 4 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The
91. ireless network Infrastructure Mode With a wireless Access Point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one Access Point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all dev
92. ise bach A E A emia est E ed Denial of Service Attac Wireless Networking ah Wireless Network Bocicnicaden PT A E E ATE ES E E T Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Viru EEE E E E E E e l sala Mode Wireless Channel Selection cccccceeseeccceceseeeececeeeneceesetsteeeestettseesetttseeeeeesteeee B15 viii Contents Appendix C Preparing Your Network Preparing Your Compute for TCP IP Networking Configuring Windows 95 98 le for TCP IP N tw Install panii Windows Networking C 2 dows 95B 98 and Me c 4 Obtaiiirig ISP Configuratio 1 Info t Restaring ie NERVON scsccxcsacenccdisnteeiarsomennaion aa re Glossary Index Contents ix Contents Procedure 2 1 Procedure 2 2 Procedure 2 3 Procedure 2 4 Procedure 2 5 Procedure 2 6 Procedure 2 7 Procedure 2 8 Procedure 3 1 Procedure 3 2 Procedure 4 1 Procedure 4 1 Procedure 4 2 Procedure 4 3 Procedure 4 4 Procedure 4 5 Procedure 5 6 Procedure 5 7 Procedure 5 8 Procedure 5 1 Procedure 5 2 Procedure 6 1 Procedure 6 1 Procedure 6 2 Procedure 6 3 List of Procedures Record Your Internet Connection Information ccceeeeeeeseeeeeteeees 2 Connecting the Gateway ee Auto emit Your Internet t Connection Type iaininiiecataneicngtammbicuneamre Wizard Detected PPPoA pee pae Gap E T Wizard Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup 0 005 ee Wizard Detected Fixed IP Static Account Setup c
93. ish to change the login timeout enter a new value in minutes This determines how long the gateway keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN Entering a timeout value of zero means never log out Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 11 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Note You will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your gateway will automatically log you in 3 Domain Name Server DNS Address If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the gateway during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also If you enter an address here after you finish configuring the gateway reboot your PCs so that the settings take effect 4 Click on Apply to save your settings 5 Click on the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Procedure 2 5 Wizard Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over ATM PPPoA you will be directed to a menu like the PPPoA menu in Figure 2 7 Encapsulation Login guest Passw
94. ivalent Privacy See WEP Wireless Ethernet B 13 World Wide Web 1 iii Index
95. l LEDs including the Test LED are still on one minute after power up e Cycle the power to see if the gateway recovers e Clear the gateway s configuration to factory defaults This will set the gateway s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Using the Default Reset button on page 7 9 If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On If either the LAN LEDs or WAN LED do not light when the Ethernet connection is made check the following 7 2 Troubleshooting Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the gateway and at the hub or workstation Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation Be sure you are using the correct cable When connecting the gateway s WAN ADSL port use the cable that was supplied with the DG824M Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the gateway s Web Configuration interface from a PC on your local network check the following If you are using an Ethernet connected PC check the Ethernet connection between the PC and the gateway as described in the previous section Make sure your PC s IP address is on the same subnet as the gateway If you are using the recommended addressing scheme your PC s address should be in the range of 192 168 0 2 to
96. l be logged e Not match traffic of this type which does not match the parameters and action will be logged Protecting Your Network 4 11 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Order of Precedence for Rules As you define new rules they are added to the tables in the Rules menu as shown in Figure 4 8 Rules Outbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Users WAN Servers Log o 1 Vv AIM BLOCK by schedule Any Any Match Default Yes Any ALLOW always Any Any Never a Edit Move Delete Inbound Services uE enable Service Name e Action E LAN Server IP address WAN Usora Log g F CU SEEME ALLOW always 192 168 0 11 134 477 88 1 134 177 88 254 Not Match IE m HTTP ALLOW always 192 168 0 99 Any Never Defaut Yes Any BLOCK always Any Match I Default DMZ Server Add Edit Move Delete I Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port Apply Cancel Figure 4 8 Rules table with examples For any traffic attempting to pass through the firewall the packet information is subjected to the rules in the order shown in the Rules Table beginning at the top and proceeding to the default rules at the bottom In some cases the order of precedence of two or more rules may be important in determining the disposition of a packet The Move button allows you to relocate a defined rule to a new position in the table Protecting Your Network
97. lick the Delete button To edit a MAC address from the table click on it to select it then click the Edit or Delete button Wireless Configuration 3 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Configuring Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP Wireless WEP Authentication Type Automatic v Automatic Open System Shared Ke Ti VP Encryption ryption 128 Bit Encryption Figure 3 3 Wireless WEP menu In the Wireless Settings menu you can configure WEP data encryption using the following parameters e Authentication Type Normally this can be left at the default value of Automatic If that fails select the appropriate value Open System or Shared Key Check your wireless card s documentation to see what method to use e Encryption Strength The previous settings have determined which PCs will be allowed to access your wireless network but have not added any protection from eavesdropping With this setting you can choose to have your data encrypted between the PCs and the gateway Your choices are Disable No encryption will be applied This setting is useful for troubleshooting your wireless connection but leaves your wireless data fully exposed 64or 128 bit WEP Wireless Equivalent Privacy encryption will be applied WEP provides some degree of privacy but can be defeated without great difficulty Keys If WEP is enabled you can manually or automatically program the fo
98. llowing network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks 3Com Fast EtherLink xL 10 100Mb TX Ethernet Adapter TCP IP Eopenes Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks z Client for Microsoft Networks Windows Logon Description The primary network logon is the client that is used to validate your user name and password process any login scripts and perform other startup tasks Preparing Your Network C 5 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e By default the IP Address tab is open on this window e Verify the following Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of it to select it This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network TCP IP Properties Bindings Advanced Netpios DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask your network administrator for an address and then type itin the space below Cancel Selecting Windows Internet Access Method 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel
99. low e If you have a computer already connected using the active Internet access account you can gather the configuration information from that computer 2 2 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e For Windows 95 98 ME open the Network control panel select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties e For Windows 2000 XP open the Local Area Network Connection select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties e For Macintosh computers open the TCP IP or Network control panel e You may also refer to the DG824M Resource CD for the NETGEAR Router ISP Guide which provides Internet connection information for many ISPs Once you locate your Internet configuration parameters you may want to record them on the page below according to the instructions in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page 2 4 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 2 1 Record Your Internet Connection Information Print this page Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider ISP ISP Multiplexing Method and Virtual Circuit Number The default settings of your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway will work fine for most ISPs However some ISPs use a specific Multiplexing Method or a Virtual Circuit Number for either the V
100. ly Procedure 5 8 Erase the Configuration It is sometimes desirable to restore the gateway to the factory default settings This can be done by using the Erase function 1 To erase the configuration from the Maintenance menu Settings Backup link click the Erase button on the screen 2 The gateway will then reboot automatically After an erase the gateway s password will be password the LAN IP address will be 192 168 0 1 and the router s DHCP client will be enabled Note To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the gateway See DG824M Rear Panel on page 1 8 Upgrading the Gateway s Firmware The software of the DG824M gateway is stored in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Managing Your Network 5 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Upgrade files can be downloaded from NETGEAR s website If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the binary BIN or IMG file before uploading it to the gateway Procedure 5 1 Gateway Upgrade Note NETGEAR recommends that you back up your configuration before doing a firmware upgrade After the upgrade is complete you may need to restore your configuration settings 1 Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR The Web browser used to upload
101. m at 2 5GHz The maximum data rate for the wireless link is 11 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 11 Mbps to 5 5 2 and 1 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11b standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices Wireless Network Configuration The 802 11b standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Network and Routing Basics B 13 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no Access Point involved in this configuration This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft Networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as Peer to Peer group networking In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a w
102. matically Configure TCP IP Settings in Windows 95B 98 and Me After the TCP IP protocol components are installed each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Ifthe Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over it and right click your mouse button e Ifthe icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window e Choose Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it This will open the Network panel as shown below C 4 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router Verify the following settings as shown e Client for Microsoft Network exists e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is present e Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button The following TCP IP Properties window will display Network Configuration Identification Access Control The fo
103. mputer With a typical account much of the configuration information is dynamically assigned when your PC is first booted up while connected to the ISP and you will not need to know that dynamic information In order to share the Internet connection among several computers your firewall takes the place of the single PC and you need to configure it with the TCP IP information that the single PC would normally use When the firewall s Internet port is connected to the broadband modem the firewall appears to be a single PC to the ISP The firewall then allows the PCs on the local network to masquerade as the single PC to access the Internet through the broadband modem The method used by the firewall to accomplish this is called Network Address Translation NAT or IP masquerading Are Login Protocols Used Some ISPs require a special login protocol in which you must enter a login name and password in order to access the Internet If you normally log in to your Internet account by running a program such as WinPOET or EnterNet then your account uses PPP over Ethernet PPPoE When you configure your router you will need to enter your login name and password in the router s configuration menus After your network and firewall are configured the firewall will perform the login task when needed and you will no longer need to run the login program from your PC It is not necessary to uninstall the login program What Is Your Configuration Inf
104. n If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Federal Communications Commission FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment In order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits human proximity to the antenna shall not be less than 20 cm 8 inches during normal operation EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance This is to certify that the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89 336 EEC Article 4a Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B CISPR 22 Bestatigung des Herstellers Importeurs Es wird hiermit best tigt da8 das DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway gem der im BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 und Vfg 46 1992 aufgef hrten Bestimmungen entstort ist Das vorschriftsmabige Betreiben einiger Ger te z B
105. nbound rule which states that all inbound packets are denied 5 12 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Enabling Security Event E mail Notification In order to receive logs and alerts by e mail you must provide your e mail information in the E Mail subheading E mail Turn E mail Notification On Send Alert And Logs Via E mail Your Outgoing Mail Server mail myisp com Send To This E mail Address jsmith myisp com Send Alert Immediately When Someone Attempts To Visit Blocked Site Send Logs According To This Schedule When Log is Full gt Sunda z 12 00 z Cam C PM Time Zone GMT 08 00 Pacific Time US amp Canada Tijuana I Adjust for Daylight Savings Time Current Time 10 14 38 Fri Apply Cancel e Turn e mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e mail logs and alerts from the gateway e Your outgoing mail server Enter the name or IP address of your ISP s outgoing SMTP mail server such as mail myISP com You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e mail program If you leave this box blank log and alert messages will not be sent via e mail e Send to this e mail address Enter the e mail address to which logs and alerts are sent This e mail address will also be used as the From address If you leave this box blank log and alert messages will not be sent via e mail You can sp
106. nd WEP settings which match those of the DG824M 3 4 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 3 2 Restricting Wireless Access by MAC Address To restrict access based on MAC addresses follow these steps 1 From the Wireless Settings menu click the Trusted PCs button to display the Wireless Access menu shown below Wireless Access Trusted PCs Add new Trusted PC Wireless Adapter Address Add Back Figure 3 2 Wireless Access menu 2 Click the Add button 3 Enter the MAC address of the authorized PC The MAC address is usually printed on the wireless card or it may appear in the gateway s DHCP table You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the gateway s Attached Devices menu into the MAC Address box of this menu To do this configure each wireless PC to obtain a wireless link to the gateway The PC should then appear in the Attached Devices menu am Note If you are configuring the gateway from a wireless PC whose MAC address is not gt in the Trusted PC list and you select Trusted PCs only you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply You must then access the gateway from a wired PC to make any further changes 4 Click Add to save your entry 5 Return to the Wireless Settings menu select Trusted PCs only then click Apply To delete a MAC address from the table click on it to select it then c
107. nfigured your gateway two implicit static routes were created A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192 168 0 x addresses With this configuration if you attempt to access a device on the 134 177 0 0 network your gateway will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely be denied by the company s firewall In this case you must define a static route telling your gateway that 134 177 0 0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 The static route would look like Figure 6 5 In this example e The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134 177 x x addresses e The Gateway IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 e A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination This is a direct connection so it is set to 1 e Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated Advanced Configuration 6 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 6 3 Configuring Static Routes 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its
108. ng 7 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 7 10 Troubleshooting Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols Power Adapter North America United Kingdom Australia Europe Japan All regions output Physical Specifications Dimensions Weight Environmental Specifications Operating temperature TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPoA RFC 1483 Bridged Ethernet 120V 60 Hz input 240V 50 Hz input 230V 50 Hz input 100V 50 60 Hz input 15 V AC 1 0A output 30W maximum 10 x 6 7 x 1 3 255 mm x 169 mm x 34 mm 1 4 lbs 0 62 kg 0 to 40 C 32 to 104 F Technical Specifications A 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Operating humidity 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of FCC Part 15 Class B VCCI Class B EN 55 022 CISPR 22 Class B Interface Specifications LAN 10BASE T or 1OOBASE Tx RJ 45 WAN ADSL Dual RJ 11 pins 2 and 3 T1 413 GDMT GLite ITU Annex B A 2 Technical Specifications Appendix B Network and Routing Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks routing and wireless networking Related Publications
109. ng Remote Management ccssceeeeeeeeteeeees Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration Configuring Advanced Security Siena RE Setting Up A Default DMZ sae VEEE E AAE EAA EN S A VOE T A E Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port EA EA E E E A E o A Configuring LAN IP Settings LAN TCP IP Setup MTU So nno te eeamaaeetnn ieee A DHCP Reserved IP ac SS cident A TT aul uate A E Gopfiguing Cyan DNE rassines anaa Using Static Routes Static Route Bampi Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning Power LED Not On Test LED Never Turns ae or LAN or WAN Port LEDS Not ON T Troubleshooting the ISP Connectio ADSL link WAN LED Blinki WAN LED Off Obtaining a WAN IP pe E d Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA see oe ners Brow ing Troubles Te mail the LAN Path to Your Bouter Testing the Path from Your PC to a Re Contents vii Restoring the Default Configuration and Password Problemes Wih Date and TIME site isin rasno a De Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network and hiiia Basics What is isa Fanie se Routing Information Protoon oa eens IP Addresses and the Internet c cccccscccesssccssseecesseceeeeeccaeseeessecsaeseesseeessaseeeses BOO DN rE E rssh dns fevamsaersessyessece E PUM ARGS SUNG arcot a aa aaa BRO Private IP Addresses Single IP Address Sti ful Packet maed tion si tain ta eee penal
110. odem Gateway Click on the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown below Schedule CI Use this schedule for rules Days Every Day Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Time of day use 24 hour clock All Day Start Time 0 hour minute End Time hour minute Time Zone GMT 08 00 Pacific Time US Canada J Adjust for daylight savings time Use this NTP Server jo ijo o Current time Sat 2000 01 01 00 10 59 Figure 4 11 Schedule Services menu 3 3 Select your Time Zone This setting will be used for the blocking schedule according to your local time zone and for time stamping log entries Check the Daylight Savings Time box if your time zone is currently in daylight savings time Note If your region uses Daylight Savings Time you must manually check Adjust for Daylight Savings Time on the first day of Daylight Savings Time and uncheck it at the end Enabling Daylight Savings Time will cause one hour to be added to the standard time The gateway has a list of publicly available NTP servers If you would prefer to use a particular NTP server as the primary server enter its IP address under Use this NTP Server Click Apply to save your settings Protecting Your Network 4 15 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 4 5 Scheduling Firewall Services If you enabled services blocking in the Block Services menu or
111. on also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form separated by decimal points For example the following binary address 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as 195 34 12 7 B 2 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer In addition the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts The first part of the address identifies the network and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application There are five standard classes of IP addresses These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern which is used by the TCP IP software to identify the address class After the address class has been determined the software can correctly identify the host section of the address The follow figure shows the three main address classes including network and host sections of the address for each address type Class A ee ee Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node Figure 7 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes
112. on and test make sure that the Wireless Card Access List is set to Everyone and that Encryption Strength is set to Disabled Note These settings are not recommended for normal operation but should be set initially to test basic wireless connectivity 5 Click Apply to save your changes gt Note If you are configuring the gateway from a wireless PC and you change the gateway s SSID channel or WEP settings you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply You must then change the wireless settings of your PC to match the gateway s new settings 6 Configure and test your PCs for wireless connectivity Program the wireless adapter of your PCs to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the router Check that they have a wireless link and are able to obtain an IP address by DHCP from the gateway Once your PCs have basic wireless connectivity to the gateway then you can configre the advanced wireless security functions of the gateway Using the Wireless Access by MAC Address Feature By default any wireless PC that is configured with the correct SSID will be allowed access to your network For increased security you can restrict access to the wireless network to only allow specific PCs based on their MAC addresses You can allow access by The Trusted PCs window displays a list of MAC addresses that will be allowed to connect to the gateway These PCs must also be configured with SSID a
113. ons for correct handling Customer Support Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway World Wide Web NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator URL http www netgear com A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required Contents Preface About This Guide Chapter 1 Introduction Appu Lica 11002 ariennir rence res rer ter trrree rere retrrrctree rere A 1 1 KE EUS ania a itwdea partes uate aha ana eten ta MnaediebeMaR 1 1 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking ccccceesceceeeeeeeeseeteeeeeeesaeeeeaes 1 2 A Powenul THIS FIPS Wall cccciciaicadsateseednicdansabein tansedchaanueeaaneasanressactestenekedontenaaasoieeicic 1 2 Conteni PIREN esnin A senna apeeatie Maa ene 1 3 Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet Connections ccceeeeeeseeees 1 3 Protocol Support Easy Installation and Management Mere SU BBO aaia 1 6 The Gateway s Font PANE snnm A A 1 6 Tetana S REN PANEI soogronino ers hss antes Sarid vedas aes deat lath 1 8 Chapter 2 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet What You Will Need Before You Begin cioiscictseiasstsaiarasteceisusadnemanledehianoladstceciiadanbagedsdante 2 1 Gabino a 2 1g Ui 1 Caer eeentree nent er erere ree rere retro rr eee tener ee terre rrr er ren te errrer rr erry tre 2 1 Computer Hardware Requirements
114. ord 15 Idle Timeout minutes Domain Name Server DNS Address Get Automatically From ISP C Use These DNS Servers Primary DNS r a Secondary DNS K Cancel Test Figure 2 8 Setup Wizard menu for PPPOA login accounts 2 12 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 1 Enter your Login and Password These fields are case sensitive If you wish to change the login timeout enter a new value in minutes This determines how long the gateway keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN Entering a timeout value of zero means never log out Note You will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your gateway will automatically log you in 2 Domain Name Server DNS Address These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers If you leave the Domain Name field blank the gateway will attempt to learn the domain automatically from the ISP If this is not successful you may need to enter it manually If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the gateway during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also If you enter an address here after y
115. ore secure password The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language and should be a mixture of both upper and lower case letters numbers and symbols Your password can be up to 30 characters Procedure 4 1 Changing the Built In Password 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway Figure 4 1 Log in to the gateway Protecting Your Network 4 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway http 192 16 0 1 2 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Set Password to bring up the menu shown in Figure 4 2 Set Password Old Password Set Password Repeat New Password Administrator login times out after idle for 95 minutes Figure 4 2 Set Password menu 3 To change the password first enter the old password and then enter the new password twice 4 Click Apply to save your changes Note After changing the password you will be required to log in again to continue the configuration If you have backed up the gateway settings previously you should do a new backup so that the saved settings file includes the new password Procedure 4 1 Changing the Administrator Login Timeout For security the administrator s login to the gateway configuration will timeout
116. ormation More and more ISPs are dynamically assigning configuration information However if your ISP does not dynamically assign configuration information but instead used fixed configurations your ISP should have given you the following basic information for your account C 18 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router e An IP address and subnet mask e A gateway IP address which is the address of the ISP s router e One or more domain name server DNS IP addresses e Host name and domain suffix For example your account s full server names may look like this mail xxx yyy com In this example the domain suffix is xxx yyy com If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP your firewall automatically acquires them If an ISP technician configured your PC during the installation of the broadband modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you need to copy the configuration information from your PC s Network TCP IP Properties window or Macintosh TCP IP Control Panel before reconfiguring your PC for use with the firewall These procedures are described next Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the RP614 router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically s
117. ou finish configuring the gateway reboot your PCs so that the settings take effect 3 Click on Apply to save your settings 4 Click on the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 13 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Procedure 2 6 Wizard Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses Dynamic IP assignment you will be directed to the menu shown in Figure 2 9 below Dynamic IP Account Name If Required Domain Name If Required Domain Name Server DNS Address Get Automatically From ISP Use These DNS Servers Primary DNS fo f fp fo Secondary DNS fo fo fo fo Router s MAC Address Use Default Address Use This MAC Address Apply Cancel Test Figure 2 9 Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address 1 Enter your Account Name may also be called Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers If you leave the Domain Name field blank the gateway will attempt to learn the domain automatically from the ISP If this is not successful you may need to enter it manually 2 If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the gateway during login select Use these DNS servers
118. ow Detect The Connection Type Of WAN Port Or You Can Configure It By Yourself Do You Want System To Detect The Connection Type Yes C No Want To Configure By Myself Next Figure 2 5 Setup Wizard You are now connected to the gateway If you do not see the menu above click the Setup Wizard link on the upper left of the main menu Click the Yes button in the Setup Wizard Please click Next to follow the steps in the Setup Wizard to input the configuration parameters from your ISP to connect to the Internet Note If you were unable to connect to the gateway please refer to troubleshooting procedures in Basic Functioning on page 7 1 4 Connect an ADSL microfilter to your phone a ADSL transmissions use your phone wires and can interfere with the quality of your phone service A microfilter eliminates such problems Depending on the country of purchase a microfilter may be included in your DG824M package Locate a suitable microfilter Connect the microfilter to your phone line between the phone set and the phone line wall outlet Each phone set requires a microfilter Note Improperly connecting a microfilter to your DG824M gateway will block your ADSL connection Connecting the DG824M to the Internet The gateway is now properly attached to your network You are now ready to configure your gateway to connect to the Internet There are two ways you can configure your gateway to connect to the Internet
119. parameters are Service From this list select the application or service to be allowed or blocked The list already displays many common services but you are not limited to these choices Use the Add Services menu to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear Action Choose how you would like this type of traffic to be handled You can block or allow always or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu Send to LAN Server Enter the IP address of the PC or Server on your LAN which will receive the inbound traffic covered by this rule WAN Users These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule based on their source WAN IP address Select the desired option e Any All IP addresses are covered by this rule e Address range If this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields e Single address Enter the required address in the Start fields Lo You can select whether the traffic will be logged The choices are e Never no log entries will be made for this service e Always any traffic for this service type will be logged e Match traffic of this type which matches the parameters and action will be logged e Not match traffic of this type which does not match the parameters and action will be logged 4 8 Protecting Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway
120. plink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable The second method is to use a crossover cable which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors Crossover cables are often unmarked as such and must be identified by comparing the two connectors Since the cable connectors are clear plastic it is easy to place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each On a straight through cable the color order will be the same on both connectors On a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other Network and Routing Basics B 11 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Cable Quality A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second LOBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second LOBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your netwo
121. puter names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using Network Neighborhood See Windows Internet Naming Service Glossary Numerics 802 11b B 13 A Account Name 2 14 2 18 Address Resolution Protocol B 9 ad hoc mode B 14 Auto Uplink 1 3 backup configuration 5 1 BSSID B 14 Cabling B 11 Cat5 cable 2 2 B 12 Channel 3 3 B 15 configuration automatic by DHCP 1 3 backup 5 1 erasing 5 3 router initial 2 1 content filtering 1 3 conventions typography 1 4 crossover cable 1 3 B 11 customer support 1 iii D date and time 7 9 Daylight Savings Time 4 15 7 9 daylight savings time 4 15 Index Index Default DMZ Server 6 1 default reset button 7 9 Denial of Service DoS protection 1 2 4 3 denial of service attack B 13 DHCP 1 3 6 5 B 10 DHCP Client ID C 16 DHCP Setup field Ethernet Setup menu 5 6 DMZ Server 6 1 DNS Proxy 1 4 DNS server 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 18 2 19 C 20 DNS dynamic 6 7 domain C 20 Domain Name 2 14 2 18 domain name server DNS B 10 DoS attack B 13 Dynamic DNS 1 4 6 7 E EnterNet C 18 EPROM for firmware upgrade 1 5 ESSID 3 3 B 14 Ethernet 1 3 Ethernet cable B 11 F factory settings restoring 5 3 features 1 1 firewall features 1 2 FLASH memory 5 3 front panel 1 6 G gateway address C 20
122. r as a number appended to the IP address For example a 28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and length information a block of data and a checksum See Point to Point Protocol See PPP over ATM See PPP over Ethernet PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection Point to Point Tunneling Protocol A method for establishing a virtual private network VPN by embedding Microsoft s network protocol into Internet packets Public Switched Telephone Network PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet Request For Comment Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet RFCs can be found at www ietf org See Routing Information Protocol A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses A protocol in which router
123. r wiring If the telephone company has tested the ADSL signal at your Network Interface Device NID then you may have poor quality wiring in your house 7 4 Troubleshooting Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway WAN LED Off If the WAN LED is off disconnect all telephones on the line If this solves the problem reconnect the telephones one at a time being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone If the microfilters are connected correctly you should be able to connect all your telephones If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED the problem may be one of the following e Check that the telephone company has made the connection to your line and tested it e Verify that you are connected to the correct telephone line If you have more than one phone line be sure that you are connected to the line with the ADSL service It may be necessary to use a swapper if you ADSL signal is on pins 1 and 4 or the RJ 11 jack The DG824M gateway uses pins 2 and 3 Obtaining a WAN IP Address If your gateway is unable to access the internet and your WAN LED is green or blinking green you should determine whether the gateway is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP Unless you have been assigned a static IP address your gateway must request an IP address from the ISP You can determine whether the request was successful using the browser interface To check the WAN IP address from th
124. re are a large number of hosts per network Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64 000 nodes Most organizations do not use 64 000 nodes so there are free bits that can be reassigned Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free as shown below Class B E Network Subnet Node Figure 7 2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or
125. ring the gateway s configuration reboot your PC and verify the DNS address as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Alternatively you may configure your PC manually with DNS addresses as explained in your operating system documentation Your PC may not have the gateway configured as its TCP IP gateway If your PC obtains its information from the gateway by DHCP reboot the PC and verify the gateway address as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using the Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and gateways contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Troubleshooting a TCP IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your PC or workstation Testing the LAN Path to Your Router You can ping the router from your PC to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later 1 2 From the Windows toolbar click on the Start button and select Run In the field provided type Ping followed by the IP address of the router as in this example ping 192 168 0 1 Click on OK You should see a message like this one Pinging lt IP address gt with 32 bytes of data If the path is working you see this message Reply from lt IP address gt bytes 32 time NN ms TTL xxx If the path is not working
126. rk A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the Network Address Translation NAT process the network behind the NAT router is shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet However there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obtain information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet access A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router What is a Firewall A firewall is a device that protects one network from another while allowing communication between the two A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur When an incident is detected the firewall can log details of the attempt and can optionally send email to an administrator notifying them of the incident Using information from the log the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker In some types of intrusions the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker s IP address for a period of time B 12 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and
127. rnet connection do not run that software or cancel it if it starts automatically 4 The local lights are lit for any connected computers Connecting the Gateway to the Internet 2 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Note For instructions on connecting computers to the DG824M via wireless links please see the Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 2 Log in to the DG824M Note If you usually run software to log in to your Internet connection do not run that software a Connect to the gateway by typing ittp 192 168 0 in the address field of Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator http 192 168 0 1 Figure 2 3 Log in to the gateway A login window opens as shown below Enter Network Password 3 21x Please type your user name and password Site 192 168 0 1 Realm User Name ann Password eT Tl Save this password in your password list Cancel Figure 2 4 Login window b For security reasons the gateway has its own user name and password When prompted enter admin for the gateway User Name and password for the gateway Password both in lower case letters Note The user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection 2 8 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 3 Connect to the Internet peed System Can N
128. rs P 1 rocedure 5 2 Configure Remote Management Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway From the Advanced section of the main menu click on the Remote Management link Select the Allow Remote Management check box Specify what external addresses will be allowed to access the gateway s remote management For security NETGEAR recommends that you restrict access to as few external IP addresses as practical a To allow access from any IP address on the Internet select Everyone b To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet select IP address range Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range c To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet select Only this PC Enter the IP address that will be allowed access Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface Web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80 For greater security you can change the remote management web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided Choose a number between 1024 and 65535 but do not use the number of any common service port The default is 8080 which is a common alternate for HTTP 5 16 Managing Your Network Ref
129. s Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port If you want the gateway to respond to a ping from the Internet click the Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port check box This should only be used as a diagnostic tool since it allows your gateway to be discovered Don t check this box unless you have a specific reason to do so 6 2 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Configuring LAN IP Settings The LAN IP Setup menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface LAN TCP IP Setup The gateway is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side and to act as a DHCP server The gateway s default LAN IP configuration is e LAN IP addresses 192 168 0 1 e Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in private networks and should be suitable in most applications If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme you can make those changes in this menu LAN IP Setup LAN TCPAP Setup IP Address 92 Jaes jo 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 2ss 255 o RIP Direction None RIP Version Disabled MTU Size z i Default 1500 Custom 1500 Use router as DHCP server Starting IP Address 192 168 o J2 Ending IP Address 192 168 o 51
130. s IP address is entered as the Default DMZ Server a Note For security you should avoid using the Default DMZ Server feature When a gt computer is designated as the Default DMZ Server it loses much of the protection of the firewall and is exposed to many exploits from the Internet If compromised the computer can be used to attack your network Advanced Configuration 6 1 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the gateway unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu Instead of discarding this traffic you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network This computer is called the Default DMZ Server Procedure 6 1 Configuring A Default DMZ Server To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server follow these steps 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway 2 From the Main Menu under Security click the Rules link to view the menu shown in Figure 6 1 C Default DMZ Server s8 1 a CI Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port Figure 6 1 Security Rules Menu 3 Click Default DMZ Server 4 Type the IP address for that server 5 Click Apply to save your change
131. s periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations Glossary Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway subnet mask UTP VCI vPI WAN WEP wide area network Wi Fi Windows Internet Naming Service WINS See netmask Unshielded twisted pair The cable used by 10BASE T and 100BASE Tx Ethernet networks Virtual Channel Identifier Together with the VPI defines a Virtual Channel through an ATM network Used by ATM switching equipment to route data through the network Virtual Path Identifier Together with the VCI defines a Virtual Channel through an ATM network Used by ATM switching equipment to route data through the network See wide area network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is a data encryption protocol for 802 11b wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN See 802 11b A trade name for the 802 11b wireless networking standard given by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based com
132. settings to take effect 3 Click on Apply to save the settings 4 Click on the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Testing Your Internet Connection After completing the Internet connection configuration your can test your Internet connection Log in to the gateway then from the Setup Basic Settings link click on the Test button If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Your gateway is now configured to provide Internet access for your network Your gateway automatically connects to the Internet when one of your computers requires access It is not necessary to run a dialer or login application such as Dial Up Networking or Enternet to connect log in or disconnect These functions are performed by the gateway as needed To access the Internet from any computer connected to your gateway launch a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator You should see the gateway s Internet LED blink indicating communication to the ISP The browser should begin to display a Web page The following chapters describe how to configure the Advanced features of your gateway and how to troubleshoot problems that may occur 2 16 Connecting the Gateway to the Internet Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Manually Configuring
133. sh Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your Macintosh so that you can use this information when you configure the RP614 router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information To get the information you need to configure the firewall for Internet access i From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens which displays a list of configuration settings If the Configure setting is Using DHCP Server your account uses a dynamically assigned IP address In this case close the Control Panel and skip the rest of this section If an IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information If an IP address appears under Router address write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address If any Name Server addresses are shown write down the addresses These are your ISP s DNS addresses If any information appears in the Search domains information box write it down Change the Configure setting to Using DHCP Server Close the TCP IP Control Panel C 20 Preparing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router Restarting the Network Once you ve set up your computers to work with the firewall you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly Restart any computer that is connected to the
134. site includes an extensive knowledge base answers to frequently asked questions and a means for submitting technical questions online We recommend you register your product online at www NETGEAR com register About This Guide 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Typographical Conventions This guide uses the following typographical conventions italics Book titles and UNIX file command and directory names courier font Screen text user typed command line entries Initial Caps Menu titles and window and button names Enter Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets The notation Enter is used for the Enter key and the Return key Ctrl C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text linked with a plus sign ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages t Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest Procedure This format is used to let you know that you are following a sequence of steps required to complete a task Warning This format is used to highlight information about the possibility of injury or equipment damage Danger This format is used to alert you that there is the potential for incurring an electrical shock if you mishandle the equipment gt gt
135. sting RIP 2M uses multicasting gt Note If you change the LAN IP address of the gateway while connected through the browser you will be disconnected You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again MTU Size The normal MTU Maximum Transmit Unit value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes For PPPoE the gateway adjusts the MTU size automatically Changing this is rarely required and should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary for your ISP connection 6 4 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Any packets sent through the gateway that are larger than the configured MTU size will be repackaged into smaller packets to meet the MTU requirement To change the MTU size 1 Under MTU Size select Custom 2 Enter a new size between 64 and 1500 For PPPoE use 1492 3 Click Apply to save the new configuration DHCP By default the gateway will function as a DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server allowing it to assign IP DNS server and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router s LAN The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the gateway IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN For most applications the default D
136. the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to resolve MAC addresses If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded ARP is used An ARP request is broadcast onto the network All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request All other stations discard the request Related Documents The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table The next time data is sent the address can be obtained from the address information in the table For more information about address assignment refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Network and Routing Basics B 9 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by s
137. the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP See local area network LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers Media Access Control address A unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every Ethernet node Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Megabits per second See Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte See Maximum Transmission Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received The portion of a number address or field that is farthest left when written as a single number in conventional hexadecimal ordinary notation The part of the number having the most value Glossary NAT Netmask Network Address Translation packet PPP PPPoA PPPoE PPP over ATM PPP over Ethernet PPTP PSTN Point to Point Protocol RFC RIP router Routing Information Protocol Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway See Network Address Translation A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network It can be expressed in dotted decimal notation o
138. the domain A Domain Name Server DNS resolves descriptive names of network resources such as www NETGEAR com to numeric IP addresses DSL Access Multiplexor The piece of equipment at the telephone company central office that provides the ADSL signal Glossary Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Gateway IP IP Address IPSec ISP Internet Protocol LAN local area network MAC address Mbps MSB MTU Maximum Transmit Unit Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks See Internet Protocol A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose Usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Internet Protocol Security IPSec is a series of guidelines for securing private information transmitted over public networks IPSec is a VPN method providing a higher level of security than PPTP Internet service provider The main internetworking protocol used in
139. type of event and what action was taken if any Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry Source port and interface The service port number of the initiating device and whether it originated from the LAN or WAN Destination The name or IP address of the destination device or website Destination port and interface The service port number of the destination device and whether it s on the LAN or WAN Log action buttons are described in Table 5 8 Table 5 8 Security Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries Send Log Click this button to email the log immediately Apply Click this button to apply the current settings Cancel Click this button to clear the current settings Selecting What Information to Log Besides the standard information listed above you can choose to log additional information Those optional selections are as follows e All incoming and outgoing traffic e Attempted access to blocked site e Connections to the Web based interface of this Router Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Router operation start up get time etc Known DoS attacks and Port Scans Saving Log Files on a Server You can choose to write the logs to a PC running a syslog pro
140. u have defined Protecting Your Network 4 5 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway To access the Rules configuration of the DG824M click the Rules link on the main menu then click Add for either an Outbound or Inbound Service Rules Outbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Users WAN Servers Log Defaut Yes Any ALLOW always Any Any Never Add Edit Move Delete Inbound Services enable Service Name Action LAN Server IP address wan Users Log Defaut Yes Any BLOCK always Any Match Add Edit Move Delete I Default DMZ Server 192 168 jo Jo I Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port Apply Cancel Figure 4 4 Rules menu e To edit an existing rule select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit e To delete an existing rule select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete e To move an existing rule to a different position in the table select its button on the left side of the table and click Move At the script prompt enter the number of the desired new position and click OK 4 6 Protecting Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Inbound Rules Port Forwarding Because the DG824M uses Network Address Translation NAT your network presents only one IP address to the Internet and outside users cannot directly address any of your local computers However by defin
141. upply the account information To get the information you need to configure the firewall for Internet access 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components 3 Select TCP IP and then click Properties The TCP IP Properties dialog box opens 4 Select the IP Address tab If an IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information If an address is present your account uses a fixed static IP address If no address is present your account uses a dynamically assigned IP address Click Obtain an IP address automatically 5 Select the Gateway tab Preparing Your Network C 19 Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address Select the DNS Configuration tab If any DNS server addresses are shown write down the addresses If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box write it down Click Disable DNS Click OK to save your changes and close the TCP IP Properties dialog box You are returned to the Network window Click OK Reboot your PC at the prompt You may also be prompted to insert your Windows CD Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macinto
142. ur data encryption keys These values must be identical on all PCs and Access Points in your network 3 6 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway e Automatic Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button The keys will be automatically populated with key values For 64 bit encryption all four keys are generated from a single passphrase With 128 bit encryption each key can be generated with a different pasphrase e Manual Enter ten hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Select which of the four keys will be active Be sure to click Apply to save your settings in this menu Configuring WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy If you have chosen to use WEP instead of IPSec go to the Wireless Settings menu click the Encryption Strength box and select either 64 Bit WEP or 128 Bit WEP The Wireless Settings menu will display WEP setting fields as shown below Wireless WEP Authentication Type Automatic ped Encryption Off no data encryption C 64 Bit Encryption 128 Bit Encryption Key 1 23 ac far foe Jex 5a aa fea ao fae aa 74 zn Key 2 Joo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo fc fo a ff fo ol foc Key 4 Joo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo foo Default Key 1 7 Passphrase Generate Keys Back Apply Cancel Figure 3 4 Wireless Settings menu WEP select
143. ver The DG824M gateway also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP The gateway can automatically obtain an IP address subnet mask DNS server addresses and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP B 10 Network and Routing Basics Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling The UTP cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector A normal straight through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EIA568B standard wiring as described in Table 7 1 Table 7 1 UTP Ethernet cable wiring straight through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange White Transmit Tx 2 Orange Transmit Tx 3 Green White Receive Rx 4 Blue 5 Blue White 6 Green Receive Rx 7 Brown White 8 Brown Uplink Switches and Crossover Cables In the wiring table the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC For example the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 When connecting a PC to a PC or a hub port to another hub port the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms Most hubs provide an U
144. w explains how to configure your gateway to perform these functions Procedure 4 2 Block Keywords and Sites The DG824M gateway allows you to restrict access to Internet content based on functions such as Java or Cookies Web addresses and Web address keywords 1 Log in to the gateway at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the gateway Protecting Your Network 4 3 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 2 Click on the Block Sites link of the Security menu Block Sites M Turn keyword blocking on Add Keyword Block sites containing these keywords or domain names Delete Keyword Clear List Trusted IP Address 0 o o o Figure 4 3 Block Sites menu 3 To enable keyword blocking check Turn keyword blocking on enter a keyword or domain in the Keyword box click Add Keyword then click Apply Some examples of Keyword application follow e Ifthe keyword XXX is specified the URL lt http www badstuff com xxx html gt is blocked as is the newsgroup alt pictures xxx e Ifthe keyword com is specified only websites with other domain suffixes such as edu or gov can be viewed e Enter the keyword to block all Internet browsing access Up to 32 entries are supported in the Keyword list 4 To delete a key
145. with a particular Windows computer A WINS server records and reports a list of names and IP address of Windows PCs on its local network If you connect to a remote network that contains a WINS server enter the server s IP address here This allows your PCs to browse the network using the Network Neighborhood feature of Windows Reserved IP addresses When you specify a reserved IP address for a PC on the LAN that PC will always receive the same IP address each time it access the gateway s DHCP server Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings To reserve an IP address 1 Click the Add button 2 Inthe IP Address box type the IP address to assign to the PC or server Choose an IP address from the router s LAN subnet such as 192 168 0 X 3 Type the MAC Address of the PC or server Tip If the PC is already present on your network you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here 4 Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table Note The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the router s DHCP server Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew To edit or delete a reserved address entry 1 Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete 2 Click Edit or Delete Procedure 6 1 Configure LAN TCP IP Setup 1 Log in to the gateway at its de
146. word or domain select it from the list click Delete Keyword then click Apply 5 To specify a Trusted User enter that PC s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply You may specify one Trusted User which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging Since the Trusted User will be identified by an IP address you should configure that PC with a fixed IP address 4 4 Protecting Your Network Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway 6 Click Apply to save your settings Rules Firewall rules are used to block or allow specific traffic passing through from one side to the other Inbound rules WAN to LAN restrict access by outsiders to private resources selectively allowing only specific outside users to access specific resources Outbound rules LAN to WAN determine what outside resources local users can have access to A firewall has two default rules one for inbound traffic and one for outbound The default rules of the DG824M are e Inbound Block all access from outside except responses to requests from the LAN side e Outbound Allow all access from the LAN side to the outside You may define additional rules that will specify exceptions to the default rules By adding custom rules you can block or allow access based on the service or application source or destination IP addresses and time of day You can also choose to log traffic that matches or does not match the rule yo
147. work Control Panel Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default gateway as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Check to see that the network address of your PC the portion of the IP address specified by the netmask is different from the network address of the remote device Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning If your ISP assigned a host name to your PC enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your PCs Many broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your broadband modem but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single PC connected to that modem If this is the case you must configure your router to clone or spoof the MAC address from the authorized PC Refer to Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection on page 2 17 7 8 Troubleshooting Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Restoring the Default Configuration and Password This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings changing the router s administration password to password and the IP address to 192 168 0 1 You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways e Use the Erase function of the Web Configuration Manager see Back
148. you see this message Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly you could have one of the following problems e Wrong physical connections Troubleshooting 7 7 Reference Manual for the Model DG824M Wireless ADSL Modem Gateway Make sure the LAN port LED is on If the LED is off follow the instructions in LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On on page 7 2 Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and for the hub ports if any that are connected to your workstation and router Wrong network configuration Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP IP software are both installed and configured on your PC or workstation Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the addresses are on the same subnet Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device After verifying that the LAN path works correctly test the path from your PC to a remote device From the Windows run menu type PING n 10 lt IP address gt where lt P address gt is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP s DNS server If the path is functioning correctly replies as in the previous section are displayed If you do not receive replies Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP this information will not be visible in your PC s Net

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