Motorola CLS1410 Two-Way Radio User Manual
Contents
1. FEF for OFEB Autostart user should avoid FFO FFF memory use 0000 HCS12 Monitor or user access to control registers 03FF Registers NOICE OPERATION NOICE is a development software provided by www NOICEdebugger com NOICE provides a development environment that is supported by the NOICE host PC software This development environment has the capability to provide symbolic debug for C source codes and compilers for a low cost A fully functional software version is available on the support CD that will operate in demonstration mode The user should register the software and download the latest version from the above web site to get full support See the NOICE documentation for details 11 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 The CML12S DP256 provides the NOICE debug monitor kernel as a subset of the MON12 monitor in reserved flash memory User may apply the NOICE development system by setting the MON12 Autostart for the F800 vector reset the board and launch the NOICE host software on the PC The NOICE monitor kernel applies the same resources memory map and ram interrupt table as the MON12 monitor NOICE operation notes Baud Rate 19 2K baud 8 n 1 E clock frequency 24MHz BDM OPERATION The CML12S DP256 board will emulate supported HC12 device internal flash memory in external ram This feature allows BDM Background Debug Modules such as the AX BDM12 to load and control the execution of code being developed without the2. PMO 1 CAN RXDO TXDO CAN channel 0 to CAN PM1 34 33 PMO Port transceiver PM3 32 31 PM2 PM5 30 29 PM4 PSO 1 COM Port RXDO TXDO PM7 28 27 PMG PJ1 26 25 PJO PS2 3 JP3 Port RXD1 TXD2 PJ7 24 23 PJ6 PS7 22 21 PS6 PS4 7 SPI Port provides LCD_PORT serial PS5 20 19 PS4 interface PS3 18 17 PS2 PS1 16 15 PSO GND 14 13 5V GND 12 11 VREGEN PB7 D7 10 9 PB6 D6 PBS D5 8 7 PB4 D4 PB3 D3 6 5 PB2 D2 PB1 D1 4 3 JPBO DO GND 2 1 5V PADO ANO PAD8 AN8 The ANALOG port provides access to the Port ADO and PAD1 AN1 PAD9 AN9 Port AD1 Analog to Digital input lines PAD2 AN2 PAD10 AN10 PAD3 AN3 PAD11 AN11 PADO PAD15 HC12 Port ADO 15 is an input port or PAD4 AN4 PAD12 AN12 ANO AN15 A D Converter inputs PADS ANS PAD13 AN13 VRH VRL HC12 A D Converter Reference Pins See PADEIANG PAD14 AN14 HCS12 A D User guide To provide an external PAD7 AN7 PAD15 AN15 reference voltage R3 and R4 need to be removed to VRH apply external VRH or VRL respectfully See schematic VDDA VRL GND 16 CML12SDP256 BUS_PORT D11 PA3 PA2 D10 D12 PA4 PA1 D9 D13 PA5 PA0 D8 D14 PA6 AO D15 PA7 A1 A2 A10 A3 OE A4 A11 A5 A12 A13 WE A14 PE3 LSTRB A15 PE5 MODA PE7 NOACC PE6 MODB PE1 IRQ 5V PEO XIRQ PE2 RW PE4 ECLK GND RESERVED RESERVED RESET KEVPAD PORT H 07 17 02 The BUS PORT supports off board memory devic
3. SCH 3FD6 FFD6 SCH 3FD8 FFD8 SPIO 3FDA FFDA PACAI 3FDC FFDC PACAO 3FDE FFDE TOF 3FEO FFEO TC7 3FE2 FFE2 TC6 3FE4 FFE4 TC5 3FE6 FFE6 TC4 3FE8 FFE8 TC3 3FEA FFEA TC2 3FEC FFEC TC1 3FEE FFEE TCO 3FFO FFFO RTI 3FF2 FFF2 IRQ 3FF4 FFF4 XIRQ 3FF6 FFF6 SWI 3FF8 FFF8 TRAP 3FFA FFFA COP 3FFC FFFC CLM 24
4. be removed from the HCS12 pin User may then apply signals to the respective pins at the MCU PORT connector without driver conflict Please note that the on board monitor s require HCS12 SCI channel 0 JP1 installed for user interface CUT AWAY OPTIONS 1 6 CUT AWAY options allow the user to disconnect dedicated HCS12 I O port resources from development board peripherals The CUT AWAY options also allow for establishing the connection again by installing surface mount 1206 size 0 ohm resistors or mod wire with the use of a soldering iron Normal operation of the development board generally does not require any manipulation of the CUT_AWAY options 1 Cut Away HCS12 Port S5 MOSI signal to the LCD_PORT shift register 2 Cut Away HCS12 Port S7 SSO signal to the LCD PORT shift register 3 Cut Away HCS12 Port S6 SCK signal to the LCD PORT shift register 4 Cut Away HCS12 Oscillator Crystal ground if another crystal is applied by the user this connection may require a capacitor to be installed Refer to the HCS12 CGM module information 5 Cut Away HCS12 Port M0 CAN_RXDO0 signal to the CAN port transceiver 6 Cut Away CAN Port Transceiver enable connection to ground This connection enables the CAN Port transceiver output to the CAN bus at all times If the user wants to apply output enable or slew rate control to the transceiver this option should be cut and 1206 size resistor applied for slew rate or a HCS12 I O port applied for out
5. compatible with the Motorola Background Debug Mode BDM Pod This allows the connection of a background debugger for software development programming and debugging in real time without using HC 12 I O resources BGND GND See the HC12 Technical Reference Manual for complete RESET documentation of the BDM 5V A Background Debug Module is available from the manufacturer TEST POINTS The following test points are provided on the development board EXTAL HCS12 oscillator or external clock input pin XTAL HCS12 oscillator output pin XFC HCS12 PLL reference voltage and filter VDDPLL HCS12 PLL voltage source test point 20 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 TROUBLESHOOTING The CML12SXXX board is fully tested and operational before shipping If it fails to function properly inspect the board for obvious physical damage first Ensure that all IC devices in sockets are properly seated Verify the communications setup as described under GETTING STARTED and see the Tips and Suggestions sections following for more information The most common problems are improperly configured communications parameters and attempting to use the wrong COM port 1 Verify that your communications port is working by substituting a known good serial device or by doing a loop back diagnostic 2 Verify option jumpers JP1 is installed and MODC is open idle 3 Verify Autostart is not enabled Apply a ground level to the XIRQ signal on the BUS PORT and pr
6. cycles over standard interrupt service To use vectors specified in the table the user must insert the address of the interrupt service routine during software initialization into the ram interrupt table For an example for the IRQ vector the following is performed Example IRQ Service routine label IRQ_SRV Ram Vector Table address is defined in table below IRQ vector definition VIRQ EQU 3EF2 define ram table vector location Place IRQ service routine address in the table MOVW IRQ_SRV VIRQ 10 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 This vector initialization should remain after debug when auto start will be applied for launching the user s application Note that the user interrupt service routines must be located in the 4000 7FFF address range for correct operation See Autostart for more details MON12 and NOICE Memory Map ADDRESS TYPE MEMORY MEMORY APPLICATION C000 FLASH MON12 NOICE and Utility firmware located in internal FFFF flash Page 3F 8000 External Ram User Paged Program Memory space pages 20 2E BFFF Note Pages 30 3F reside in the internal flash 4000 External Ram User Program Memory emulate fixed page 3E 7FFF 3F8C Internal Ram Ram Interrupt Vector Table 3FFD 3E00 Internal Ram Monitor reserved ram memory Stacks and variables 3F8B 1000 Internal Ram User Internal Ram memory 3DFF 0400 Internal EEprom User EEprom memory Monitor reserves FEC
7. www axman com Utilities If you re trying to program memory or start the utilities make sure all jumpers are correct Be certain that the data cable vou re using is bi directional and is connected securely to both the PC and the board Also make sure you are using the correct serial port Make sure the correct power is supplied to the board You should only use a 9 volt 200mA minimum adapter or power supply If you re using a power strip make sure it is turned on Make sure you load your code to an address space that actually exists See the Memory Map if you re not sure The MEM_EN and ECS options change the memory map If debugging under Mon12 make sure you re not over writing internal RAM used by it If you re running in a multi tasking environment such as Windows close all programs in the background to be certain no serial conflict occurs Code Execution Under Mon12 breakpoints may not be acknowledged if you use the CALL command You should use one of the GO command instead Check the Autostart mask and reset vector located in EEprom at OxFEC OxFEF These 2 words contain the enable mask and address where user application execution will begin when the unit is powered on When running your code stand alone you must initialize ALL peripherals used by the micro including the Stack Serial Port and pseudo Interrupt vectors etc You must either reset the COP watchdog timer in the main loop of your code or di
8. 8 H 55 U 62 B 6F o 7C 22 2F 3C 4 49 56 V 63 C 70 p 7D 23 H 30 0 3D 4A J 57 W 64 D 71 q 7E gt 24 31 1 3E 4B K 58 X 65 E 72 r 7F lt 25 96 32 2 3F 2 4C L 59 Y 66 F 73 s 26 8 33 3 40 Time 4D MI 5A Z 67 G 74 t 27 34 4 41 A 4E N 5B 68 H 75 u 28 35 5 42 B 4F O 5C Yen 69 76 v 29 36 6 43 C 50 P 5D 6A J 77 w 2A 37 7 44 D 51 Q 5E Sep K 78 x 2B 38 8 45 E 52 R 5F _ 6C L 79 y 2C 39 9 46 F 53 S 60 6D M 7A z 23 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 TABLE 2 MON12 Interrupt Table MON12 Ram Interrupt Vector HCS12 Interrupt Vector Address Vector Type 3F8C FF8C PWME 3F8E FF8E PTPI 3F90 FF90 C4TX 3F92 FF92 C4RX 3F94 FF94 C4ERR 3F96 FF96 CAWU 3F98 FF98 C3TX 3F9A FF9A C3RX 3F9C FF9C C3ERR 3F9E FF9E C3WU 3FA0 FFAO C2TX 3FA2 FFA2 C2RX 3FA4 FFA4 C2ERR 3FAG FFAG C2WU 3FA8 FFA8 C1TX 3FAA FFAA CIRX 3FAC FFAG C1ERR 3FAE FFAE C1WU 3FB0 FFBO COTX 3FB2 FFB2 CORX 3FB4 FFB4 COERR 3FB6 FFB6 COWU 3FB8 FFB8 FEPRG 3FBA FFBA EEPRG 3FBC FFBC SPI2 3FBE FFBE SPH 3FCO FFCO GC 3FC2 FFC2 BDLC 3FC4 FFC4 CRGC 3FC6 FFC6 CRGL 3FC8 FFC8 PACBO 3FCA FFCA MCNT 3FCC FFCC PTHI 3FCE FFCE PTJI 3FDO FFDO ADC1 3FD2 FFD2 ADCO 3FD4 FFD4
9. CML12S DP256 Development Board for Motorola MC9S12DP256 4 xiom anufacturing A 2000 2813 Industrial Ln e Garland TX 75041 e 972 926 9303 FAX 972 926 6063 email Sales axman com e web http www axman com CML12SDP256 07 17 02 CONTENTS GETTING STARTED BE 3 Installing the Software tees ee eeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeeccaaaeeeeeeeeseeennaaeeeeees 4 Board EE e E 4 Support Software ii EE AE EAEE EE E EE EEEE 4 Software Development 5 TUTORA D a a a a meee r a a ener a arn 5 Creating source Code 5 Assembling source code 6 Running your application rna nn tran mnn nat 7 Programming HCS12 Flash EEPROM nanna nat 8 MONI2 OPERARHON a conensieceaectsecetsestteiestewvesaativeeinn 9 Mon12 Monitor Commands e nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ann nnnnnnnnnnnnn mann nn tna 10 MON12 Interrupt Support Lena nnnnnnn nanna nn nn nnnn nn nnn mnn nannti 10 NOICE OPERA HON ia a i A i 11 MON12 and NOICE Memory Map nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ann nanna nanna nannti 11 BDM OPERATION i ki nein einstein stn ens 12 AUTOSTART E 12 OPTIONS AND JUMPERS cece cceecicecc rann anakana arasan ete aiacei ete ciea ete riiathiedineeieete 13 IMEM RE WE 13 E A A 13 Mee Ee 14 ke Bel ve E 14 MOD B l E 14 OS Geb ee aca echt tee een ete nen A A 14 Ee e 14 cal TN E GE 15 CUT AWAY OPTIONS 1 8 15 PORTS AND CONNECTORS EN 15 MCU Gel a Si A St AD ia A a ko 15 ANALOG POR Timian rc EE 16 BUSZPOR NEE 17 EB Asad idl POW accent A A ANA A
10. NA A ae 15 KEY PAD PORT eer ee 17 PS COM and P COMB i A AN e e NA SK Nance 17 CAN dE 18 P1 P4 HCS12 Header Ring L 19 EGDEROR RE 19 BDMIROR Teter A A Ne Na An A ti 20 ES TAPOINTS oii Ms Sih ius os as Miu ts es Mis ts as a a 20 TROUBLESHOOTING E 21 TABLE 1 LCD Command and Character Codes 23 TABLE 2 MON12 Interrupt Table nn 24 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 GETTING STARTED The Axiom CML12S DP256 single board computer is a fully assembled fully functional development system for the Motorola MC9S12DP256 microcontroller Provided with wall plug power supply and serial cable Support software for this development board is provided for Windows 95 98 NT 2000 XP operating systems This development board applies option selection jumpers Terminology for application of the option jumpers is as follows Jumper on in or installed jumper is a plastic shunt that fits across 2 pins and the shunt is installed so that the 2 pins are connected with the shunt Jumper off out or idle jumper or shunt is installed so that only 1 pin holds the shunt no 2 pins are connected or jumper is removed It is recommended that the jumpers be idled by installing on 1 pin so they will not be lost Development board users should also be familiar with the hardware and software operation of the target HCS12 device refer to the Motorola User Guide for the device and the CPU12 Reference Manual for details The development board purpose is to assist the user in q
11. ables in a RAM location unused by your program for example ORG 1000 In debug mode you ll be using a debugger utility Mon12 NoICE etc which will handle initialization interrupts vectors reset timers etc and the STACK When finished debugging you must add code to your application to handle the initialization of the CPU STACK and possibly the Interrupt vectors Some initialization is required to set the bus frequency bus mode internal EEprom and Flash memory programming clock rates and others see the CML INIT ASM file for a sample Set the stack at the top of your available internal RAM below the Ram interrupt vector table for example 3F80 in assembly this would be LDS 3F80 Also install the RESET vector address in the Auto Start area see the chapter in this manual If you are applying a software development tool that also provides a BDM cable interface to the board the monitor installed in the flash is not required The BDM software tools may have the capability to erase and program the flash memory If this is the case you may develop code in the external ram memory or internal flash without applying the monitor resources The MON12 S record is provided on the support CD to program into the flash if desired The BDM will allow locating programs in memory and applying resources reserved for the monitors A look at the example programs on the disk can make all of this clearer If you re using a compiler instead of an as
12. alid user vector user application code will be started after Reset instead of the monitor or utility programs To recover monitor operation after Autostart has been enabled the AUTO OFF Spare option on Revision C boards option jumper can be installed or a low level applied to the XIRQ signal and Reset applied 12 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 User application must perform all initialization including Stack setting hardware startup and external memory bus enable if needed when the Autostart is applied MON12 Ram Interrupt Vector table must also be applied in the same manner as under MON12 supervision or application interrupts will be trapped instead of serviced See the CML12S asm file for sample start up initialization code Developing an application under MON12 or NOICE for Autostart should follow these steps 1 Follow the MON12 NOICE memory map and apply startup initialization and interrupt service routines in the 0x4000 Ox7FFF memory area D After development by applying ram memory program pages 20 2D user should relocate the paged program code to internal flash pages 30 3D for programming into the flash memory The user code in memory area 0x4000 0x7FFF will translate to the lower fixed flash page 3E for programming operations User variables and stack as well as interrupt vectors should stay in the internal ram area 0x1000 0x3E80 monitor stack and variables not needed Then set the Autostart vector for application lau
13. am than the one provided set it s parameters to 9600 baud N 8 1 1 Set the CML12Sxxx board Option jumpers to default positions MEN EN IN ECS IN JP1 IN NOAUTO SPARE IN MODC Out JP2 do not care see COM Ports 2 Connect one end of the supplied 9 pin serial cable to an available serial COM port on your PC Connect the other end of the cable to the P COM port on the CML12Sxxx board 3 Apply power to the board by plugging in the power adapter that came with the system 4 If everything is working properly you should see a message to PRESS KEY TO START MONITOR in your terminal window Press the ENTER key and you should see Axiom MON12 HC12 Monitor Debugger V256 x Type Help for commands gt 5 Your board is now ready to use If you do not see this message prompt or if the text is garbage see the TROUBLESHOOTING section at the end of this manual Support Software There are many programs and documents on the included HC12 support CD you can use with the CML12Sxxx board You should install what you want from the main menu then browse the disk and copy what you like to your hard drive 4 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 At minimum you should install the AxIDE program This provides the flash programming utility and communication with the board via the COM port and the supplied serial cable This program includes a simple terminal for interfacing with other programs running on the CML12Sxxx and in
14. and the slow timing of the standard LCD Modules Example LCD Port assembly language driver software is provided on the support CD to demonstrate typical LCD module operation using this technique The interface supports all OPTREX DMC series and similar displays with up to 80 characters in 4 bit bus mode and provides the most common pinout for a dual row rear mounted display connector The LCD module VEE or contrast potential is 0 Volts on this board The LCD module type should be TN Standard Twist style and Reflective to support this VEE potential The Axiom Mfg HC LCD is also compatible The LCD Module is configured in a Write only mode it is not possible to read current cursor position or the busy status back from the module LCD_PORT Connector SPI data bit definitions to LCD Port DO D3 DB4 7 LCD data D4 D5 Spare pins S1 and S2 not connected D6 RS 0 LCD Command 1 LCD Data D7 EN 1 LCD enable DBO DB3 are not applied and have 10K pull down resistance 19 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 NOTES 1 The LCD write requires 3 SPI transfers Transfer 1 provides data 0 3 and RS register select value Transfer 2 provides the same data with the EN D7 bit set Transfer 3 provides same data with the EN bit clear 2 Resistor R25 can be removed to apply and external VEE potential 3 CUT AWAY 1 3 provide a means to isolate the LCD Port from the HCS12 SPI channel BDM PORT The BDM port is a 6 pin header
15. clock rates initialization of 8 MHz E clock from 4Mhz reference crystal and detection of auto start enabled operation The HCS12 memory map is fixed under monitor operation The monitor provides for interrupt vectors in the monitor data space from Ox3F8A Ox3FFD The vectors are in the same order as the default hardware table for the HCS12 located at address OxFF8A OXFFFD see table The Reset vector is reserved user should apply Auto Start for application starting from Reset MON12 operation notes 1 CML12S DP256 monitor application configures target HCS12 for 8MHz E clock lower flash block page 3E disabled from memory map and external access clock stretch set to 3 cycles User can increase clock speed in application by modifying PLL control and setting new baud rate for serial port Defaults will return whenever monitor is Reset 2 Mon12 will not trace into interrupts To trace an interrupt service set a breakpoint in the service routine and then trace 3 Mon12 trace is limited to expecting the next linear address Program counter modification branches calls or subroutines will not trace correctly 4 Monitor start up procedure CML12SDP256 07 17 02 A Determine if Auto Start in enabled and proceed to vector if not a value of F FFF B Set Stack Initialize memory map and SCIO port and send prompt C Receive first character from Console port and execute monitor if ASCII text command else start utility mode f
16. e on the bottom of the development board to provide NULL status to the host User may isolate pins and provide flow control or status connection to the host by applying HCS12 I O signals and RS232 level conversion PC M2 P COM is a 3 pin header that provides the HCS12 SCI1 serial port translated to RS232 signal levels A solder cup DB9 style connector may be installed with wires and connector to apply this channel JP2 option will isolate the SCI RXD pin from the transceiver P COM2 pin connections Pin 1 TXD Pin 2 RXD Pin 3 GND common CAN PORT This port provides a CAN Bus interface associated with HCS12 CAN channel 0 The port has a CAN Transceiver Philips PCA82C250 capable of up to 1M Baud data rate The user may isolate the HCS12 CAN channel 0 from the transceiver by CUT AWAY option 5 CAN Port Connections 1 GND The CAN Port connector provides an interface to the MSCAN12 2 CAN H channel 0 in the HCS12 microcontroller 3 CAN L 4 5V CAN BUS TRANSMIT ENABLE The CAN port transceiver transmit driver is enabled for maximum drive and minimum slew rate by default The drive and slew rate may be adjusted by cutting CUT AWAY 6 and adding a 1206 size surface mount resistor see the PCA82C250 data sheet for more information CAN Bus transceiver transmit enable control can be applied to the port by the RS tie pad The user should select an available HCS12 I O port to perform the transmit enable function and co
17. ebugged can be loaded or modified quickly and software breakpoints applied After the application is tested the code can be relocated to the internal flash memory space of the HCS12 and programmed into the flash memory for dedicated operation User applications developed by applying MON12 or NOICE monitors can be modified and relocated for operation as a stand alone application By applying the MON12 Autostart feature the user application will operate from Reset or Power on conditions to provide a dedicated operation of the application See the Autostart section in this manual for more information CML12SDP256 07 17 02 Follow the steps in this section to get started quickly and verify everything is working correctly Installing the Software 1 Insert the Axiom 68HC12 support CD in your PC If the setup program does not start run the file called SETUP EXE on the disk 2 Follow the instructions on screen to install the support software onto your PC You should at minimum install the AxIDE for Windows software 3 The programming utility AxIDE requires you to specify your board You should select CML12SDP256 version of your development board Board Startup Follow these steps to connect and power on the board for the default Monitor operation This assumes you re using the provided AxIDE utility installed in the previous section or a similar communications terminal program on your PC If you re using a different terminal progr
18. es while the HCS12 is in expanded mode PAO D8 PA7 D15 High Byte Data Bus in Wide Expanded Mode Port A in Single Chip Mode AO A15 Latched Memory Addresses 0 to 15 OE Memory Output Enable signal Active Low Valid with ECLK and R W high WE Memory Write Enable signal Active Low Valid with ECLK high and R W low RESET HCS12 active low RESET signal The KEYPAD PORT H connector provides interface for the HCS12 port H or applying a keypad such as the Axiom Mfg HC KP When applied as a KEYPAD connector the interface is for a passive 4 x 4 matrix 16 key keypad device 1 PHO This interface is implemented as a software key scan Pins PHO 3 are 2 PH1 used as column drivers which are active high outputs Pins PH4 7 are 3 PH2 used for row input and will read high when their row is high L 4 PH3 See the file Key12Dx ASM for an example program using this 5 JPHA connector 6 JPHS 7 PH6 8 PH7 P COM1 and P_COM2 1 1 6 TXDO 2 6 7 RXDO 3 7 8 d A 8 9 GND 5 9 X The COM 1 port has a Female DB9 connector that interfaces to the HCS12 internal SCIO serial port via the U11 RS232 transceiver It uses a simple 2 wire asynchronous serial interface and is translated to RS232 signaling levels 1 4 6 connected and 7 8 connected 17 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 JP1 will isolate the SCIO RXD pin from the transceiver The 1 4 6 7 8 and 9 pins provide RS232 flow control and status These are connected on th
19. ess the Reset switch If the monitor prompts erase the internal EEprom by performing a BULK command or disable the Autostart by following the procedure in the Autostart chapter 4 Verify the power source You should measure a minimum of 9 volts between the GND and VIN connections on the TB1 power connector with the standard power supply provided 5 If no voltage is found verify the wall plug connections to 115VAC outlet and the power connector 6 Verify the logic power source You should measure 5 volts between the GND and 5V connections on the TB1 power connector If the VIN supply is good and this supply is not 5V immediately disconnect power from the board Contact support axman com by email for instructions and provide board name and problem 7 Disconnect all external connections to the board except for COM1 to the PC and the wall plug 8 Make sure that the RESET line is not being held low Check for this by measuring the RESET Signal on the BUS PORT 9 Verify the presence of a 4MHz square wave at the EXTAL pin or 8MHz E clock signal if possible 10 Contact support axman com by email for further assistance Provide board name and describe problem 21 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 Following are a number of tips suggestions and answers to common questions that will solve many problem users have with the CML12SXXX development system You can download the S latest software from the Support section of our web page at
20. formation from your own programs that send output to the serial port Also on the disk are free assemblers AS12 and MCU EZ the open source GNU C C compiler tools for HC11 12 example source code and other useful software The introductory tutorial in this manual uses the free AS12 assembler integrated into the AxIDE program This is a simple assembler with limited capability For a more powerful assembly tool install the Motorola MCUez program from the CD This will allow you to use PAGED program memory in your application Software Development Software development on the CML12Sxxx can be performed using either the MON12 monitor installed in internal FLASH of the MCU a third party debugger Debug12 NolCE CodeWarrior etc or a Background Debug Module BDM connected to the BDM PORT connector Any of these tools can be used to assist in creating and debugging your program stored in RAM see Memory Map After satisfactory operation running under a debugger your program can be written to Internal Flash Memory using the included programming utilities The Mon12 firmware in the MCU flash provides the interrupt vectors in Ram memory and an Autostart feature to launch your application Your program may then run automatically whenever the board is powered on or RESET is applied TUTORIAL This section was written to help you get started developing software with the CML12SXXX board Be sure to read the rest of this manual as well as the docume
21. his program instead of MON12 you must set the Autostart see the NOICE chapter for details Programming HCS12 Flash EEprom After debugging you can program your application into Flash Memory so it executes automatically when you apply power to the board as follows 1 Make a backup copy of HELLO ASM then use a text editor to modify it 2 Remove the comment character before one of the following lines to initialize the stack pointer which is necessary when running outside of a debugger LDS 3F80 initialize stack location 3 Re Assemble HELLO ASM as described in the Assembling Source Code section 4 Select Program from the AxIDE menu and follow the message prompts When prompted for a file name enter the new HELLO S19 file 5 Press the RESET button on the board before clicking OK When prompted to Erase choose Yes 6 When finished programming Reset the board to get the Monitor prompt again Use the monitor AUTO command to set the Autostart Reset vector gt AUTO 4000 AutoStart ON effective address 4000 gt 7 Verify AUTO OFF option jumper is not installed Spare jumper on revision C boards 8 RESET or re apply Power to the board Your new program should start automatically and the Hello World prompt should be displayed in the terminal window To return to the MON12 monitor program install the AUTO OFF option jumper then press RESET Execute the monitor command NOAUTO to disable the Autostart and al
22. low removal of the Auto Off option jumper for normal operation CML12SDP256 07 17 02 MON12 OPERATION Moni2 is an embedded monitor debug utility that allows loading a compiled software program S record into Ram memory for testing and debug The monitor may control the execution of the software by applying the SWI software interrupt service Other features allow memory and register examination or modification Communication with the monitor is provided on the HCS12 SCIO serial port or COM port on the development board Default settings are 9600 baud with 8 n 1 bit settings Flow control is not provided so the host PC communication software should be set to None or Hardware flow control AxIDE utility software is recommended for use on a windows based host PC The monitor relies on resources from the HCS12 target to provide the monitor environment The resources include 16K bytes of flash memory and 512 bytes of internal ram memory The user must respect the monitor s memory map when applying the monitor to help debug code Restricted memory areas Monitor Program space 0xC000 OxFFFF Flash or Flash Page 3F Monitor Data space 0x3E00 Ox3FFF Internal Ram Monitor Console COM Port and SCIO Monitor Autostart OxFEC OxFEF Internal EEprom Monitor application provides for redirection of interrupt vectors through the ram based interrupt table initialization of SCIO serial port initialization of HCS12 flash and EEprom programming
23. nching 3 If the Autostart application fails to start after programming user should review all initialization and memory mapping first Make sure the AUTO OFF Spare Option jumper is idle or open If the application applies the XIRQ interrupt the interrupt must be idle high level during any Reset sequence Hardware may need to be applied if XIRQ signal level cannot be guaranteed high during Reset 4 To perform a test Autostart and apply the external ram for program space the following precaution should be observed Expanded Wide Mode bus operation must be enabled from internal Ram space before access to the external ram can be performed Use CML12S asm file for an example and locate the PEAR MODE Register write in internal ram space 0x1000 Ox3F80 Program pages 20 2D should be applied Code must be loaded and tested without powering down the development board use Reset Switch OPTIONS and JUMPERS MEM EN The MEM EN option jumper is installed by default and enables the external ram memory on the expanded HCS12 address and data bus Removing the MEM_CS option jumper will allow single chip I O port type operation of HCS12 ports A B E and K no bus enabled without external memory interference ECS The ECS option installed enables the Emulation Chip Select signal from the HCS12 to drive the upper address lines from HCS12 Port K to the external Ram on the CML12S board With the option open or idle only the linear 64K byte add
24. necessity of the internal flash memory being programmed many times during the development process This feature improves updating time and allows the use of may software breakpoints instead of being limited to only 2 hardware breakpoints Operation Notes for BDM use 1 CML12S DP256 MODC Option Jumper should be installed if a BDM is connected to the BDM Port Default Mode is single chip so the MODC option installed will force Special Single chip Mode on Reset 2 The BDM initialization of the HC12 should set the correct operating MODE Expanded Wide for memory access The EME EMK LSTRB RW ROMEN and Stretch configuration bits should be set for proper external memory access operation The Axiom support CD contains sample set up macros for the AX BDM12 3 While using the BDM the user has full control over the memory map and hardware resources of the HCS12 The no resources are required to be reserved for monitor use and the user can apply the actual HCS12 interrupt vector table located at OxFF8C OxFFFF AUTOSTART The MON12 Monitor allows an Autostart operation to launch user applications programmed into the HCS12 internal flash fixed page 3E addresses 0x4000 Ox7FFF from Reset The Autostart mask and vector are stored in the nonvolatile internal EEprom at addresses FEC FEF The monitor provides special commands AUTO and NOAUTO to enable and disable the Autostart on the next Reset sequence After an Autostart is enabled with a v
25. nnect it from the MCU_PORT pin to RS pad as required The CUT_AWAY 6 must be open to apply transmit enable control The transmit enable signal to the CAN transceivers is active logic low 18 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 CAN BUS TERMINATION The CAN port provides RC11 12 and 13 1206 SMT size termination resistors on the bottom of the CML12Sxxx board that are not installed at the factory The termination resistors provide optional bias and termination impedance for the CAN bus connected to the CAN Port Type of wire media data rate length of wire and number of CAN bus nodes can all effect the requirement or value of the termination for the CAN bus User should refer to particular application for termination requirements RC11 CAN H Bias Resistor Provides bias to ground potential RC12 CAN L Bias Resistor Provides bias to 5V potential RC13 CAN Termination Resistor Provides end point termination between CAN H and CAN L signal P1 P4 HCS12 Header Ring P1 P4 provide a header ring for all I O of the HCS12 device These connectors are not installed User should refer to the CML12S board schematic diagram for connector pin connections All HCS12 I O is available from the other I O Ports on the board LCD PORT The LCD_PORT interface is connected to the HCS12 SPI 0 port and applies a serial shift register to convert the data to parallel interface for LCD input This is required due to the fast timing characteristics of the HCS12 data bus
26. ntation on the disk if you need further information The following sections take you through the complete development cycle of a simple hello world program which sends the string Hello World to the serial port Creating Source Code You can write source code for the CML12SXXX board using any language that compiles to Motorola 68HC12 instructions Included on the software disk is a free Assembler AS12 You can write your source code using any ASCII text editor You can use the free EDIT WordPad or Notepad programs that come with your computer Note that the source file must be simple ASCII text without any document formatting added Once your source code is written and saved to a file you can assemble or compile it to a Motorola S Record hex format This type of output file usually has a MOT HEX or S19 file extension and is in a format that can be read by the programming utilities and programmed into the CML12SXXX board CML12SDP256 07 17 02 It is important to understand the development board s use of Memory and Addressing when writing source code so you can locate your code at valid addresses For example when in debug mode you should put your program CODE in External RAM In assembly language you locate the code with ORG statements in your source code Any lines following an ORG statement will begin at that ORG location which is the first number following the word ORG for example ORG 4000 You must start your DATA or vari
27. or programming services Mon12 Monitor Commands AUTO lt Address gt Enable Auto start address is the vector NOAUTO Disable Auto start BF lt StartAddress gt lt EndAddress gt Fill memory with data lt data gt BR lt Address gt Set Display user breakpoints BULK Erase entire on chip EEPROM contents CALL lt Address gt Call user subroutine at lt Address gt G lt Address gt Begin continue execution of user code HELP Display the Mon12 command summary LOAD P Load S Records into memory P Paged S2 MD lt StartAddress gt lt EndAddress gt Memory Display Bytes MM lt Address gt Modify Memory Bytes 8 bit values MW lt Address gt Modify memory Words 16 bit values MOVE lt StartAddress gt lt EndAddress gt lt DestAddress gt Move a block of memory RD Display all CPU registers RM Modify CPU Register Contents STOPAT lt Address gt Trace until address T lt count gt Trace lt count gt instructions MON12 Interrupt Support All interrupt services under MON12 are provided through the ram vector table see Table 2 Each location in the table is initialized to a value of 0000 to cause the trap of an unscheduled interrupt Any nonzero value will allow the interrupt to proceed to the user s service routine that should be located at the provided address value Interrupt service delay is plus 21
28. put enable control See the PCA82C250 data sheet for application information PORTS AND CONNECTORS TB1 and J1 Power The TB1 and J1 connectors provide power input to the board or if J1 is used for input TB1 maybe used to source additional circuitry The J1 power jack accepts a standard 2 0 2 1mm center barrel plug connector positive voltage center to provide the VIN supply of 7 to 20 VDC 80ma minimum 9VDC nominal TB1 provides access to the VIN GND power ground HCS12 core VDD and 5V power supplies The CML12Sxxx power supply will provide 50ma of 5V for user application VIN input power should only be applied by J1 or TB1 not both or a supply conflict may occur and the CML12Sxxx board could be damaged 15 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 The VDD supply is for reference or external 2 5V input only and should not be loaded by external circuitry or damage to the HCS12 device may occur MCU PORT 5V 60 59 GND The MCU_PORT provides access to the peripheral PT7 58 57 PT6 features and I O lines of the HCS12 PT5 56 55 PT4 PT3 54 53 PT2 Note signals with alternate connections on the PT1 52 51 PTO development board PKO 50 49 PK1 PK2 48 47 PK3 PBO 7 DO 7 provide address data on the PK4 46 45 PKS expanded HCS12 GND 44 43 5V PPI 42 41 PPO PKO 5 XA14 XA19 provide high order paged PP3 40 39 PP2 address lines on the expanded HCS12 PP5 38 37 PP4 Se PP7 36 35 PP6
29. ress map is available on the external address data bus ECS installed is required to emulate flash program pages in the external ram memory 13 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 MODC The MODC option jumper provides Special Mode enable during Reset This option must be open or idle when operating with the MON12 or NOICE monitors If a BDM cable is applied to BDM port the MODC option must be installed to enable Special Mode Failure to install the MODC jumper during BDM application may cause communication problems with the host AUTO OFF spare The AUTO OFF Spare on REV C board option jumper installed defeats the Autostart operation so the MON12 monitor will provide a command prompt The jumper applies a ground potential to the XIRQ interrupt line User should only install the jumper to restore monitor operation perform the MON12 NOAUTO command to disable the Autostart and remove or idle the jumper MON12 operation will then be provided on subsequent Reset conditions MODE The MODE option jumper is not installed on the CML12S DP256 board and is hard connected by circuit copper trace for Single chip Mode operation of the CPU Both the MODA and MODB signals are terminated by this option Due to the restriction that the HCS12 internal flash memory is the only nonvolatile program memory provided on the board single Chip Mode is default All other Modes can be enabled under software control from this mode of operation The MODE option jumper ma
30. sable it when not running under Mon12 or BDM mode The micro may enable this by default and if you don t handle it your code will reset every few 100ms 22 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 TABLE 1 LCD Command and Character Codes Command codes are used for LCD setup and control of character and cursor position All command codes are written to LCD panel address B5FO The BUSY flag bit 7 should be tested before any command updates to verify that any previous command is completed A read of the command address B5F0 will return the BUSY flag status and the current display character location address Command Code Delay Clear Display Cursor to Home 01 1 65ms Cursor to Home 02 1 65ms Entry Mode Cursor Decrement Shift off 04 40us Cursor Decrement Shift on 05 40us Cursor Increment Shift off 06 40us Cursor Increment Shift on 07 40us Display Control Display Cursor and Cursor Blink off 08 40us Display on Cursor and Cursor Blink off 0C 40us Display and Cursor on Cursor Blink off 0E 40us Display Cursor and Cursor Blink on SOF 40us Cursor Display Shift nondestructive move Cursor shift left 10 40us Cursor shift right 14 40us Display shift left 18 40us Display shift right 1c 40us Display Function default 2x40 size 3C 40us Character Generator Ram Address set AO 7F 40us Display Ram Address and set cursor location 80 FF 40us LCDC c 20 Space 2D 3A 47 G 54 T 61 A 6E n 7B 21 2E 3B 4
31. sembler consult the compiler documentation for methods used to locate MAP your code data and stack Assembling source code An example program called HELLO ASM is provided under the EXAMPLES CML12 directory of the CD and if you installed AxIDE under that programs EXAMPLE directory You must use the example for the MCU type installed on the CML12Sxxx board For example use the CML12S DP256 example on the DP256 version board You can assemble source code by using the AxIDE BUILD button or command line tools under a DOS prompt by typing AS12 HELLO ASM L HELLO Most compilers and assemblers allow many command line options so using a MAKE utility or batch file is recommended if you use this method Run AS12 without any arguments to see all the options or see the AS12 TXT file on the disk The utility software AxIDE provided with this board contains a simple interface to this assembler Use it by selecting Build from its menu This will prompt you for the file to be assembled NOTE You must select your board from the pull down menu first or it may not build correctly CML12SDP256 07 17 02 DO NOT use long path or file names gt 8 characters The free assembler is an older DOS based tool that does not recognize them If there are no fatal errors in your source code 2 output files will be created HELLO S19 a Motorola S Record file that can be loaded or programmed into memory HELLO LST a common listing file which pro
32. the return key 4 to get the monitor prompt 2 Type LOAD J This will prepare Mon12 to receive a program 3 Select Upload and when prompted for a file name select your assembled program file in s record format that was created in the previous section called HELLO S19 Your program will be sent to the board through the serial port 4 When finished loading you will see a done message and the gt prompt again Type Go 4000 J This tells MON12 to execute the program at address 4000 hex which is the start of our test program 5 If everything is working properly you should see the message Hello World echoed back to your terminal screen Press RESET to return to the monitor 6 If you do not get this message see the TROUBLESHOOTING section in this manual 7 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 You can modify the hello program to display other strings or do anything you want The procedures for assembling your code uploading it to the board and executing it remain the same MON12 has many features such as breakpoints memory dump and modify and simple program trace no redirect of the PC is followed Type HELP at the MON12 prompt for a listing of commands or consult the Mon12 documentation on the disk for more information For a more powerful debugger with many advanced features such as source level debugging you can use the NoICE debugger software A full featured demo version is provided on the CD which you can use to get started NOTE To use t
33. uickly developing an application with a known working environment or to provide an evaluation platform for the target HCS12 Users should be familiar with memory mapping memory types and embedded software design for the fastest successful application development Application development maybe performed by applying the embedded MON12 default or NOICE firmware monitors or by applying a BDM cable with supporting host software The MON12 monitor provides an effective debug method for assembly level software but has limitations in C code developments For C C code development it is recommended that source code or symbolic debug capability be provided in the debugging environment The NOICE monitor or BDM interface with supporting software tools should be applied for C C code development so the host PC can provide the symbolic support needed User should verify the NOICE or BDM development environment supports the C compiler to be applied not all development environments support all compilers The MON12 and NOICE monitors are provided in the development board HCS12 internal flash memory and apply some HCS12 resources for operation See the respective chapter for each monitor for details on operation and resources applied User should note both monitors apply operation of the HCS12 expanded wide mode data and address bus on HCS12 I O ports A B E and K for access to the external Ram The external ram provides a development memory where code to be d
34. vides physical address information with resulting opcode and operand information Warnings and error messages are provided with a summary at the end of the file The listing file is especially helpful to look at when debugging your program If your program has errors they will be displayed in the listing or fatal errors will prevent output from being generated The end of the listing file generally provides a count of errors or warnings in the file If you prefer a windows integrated programming environment try the Motorola MCU EZ tools Refer to the MCU EZ documentation on the disk for more information Also a port for the free GNU C compiler and tools for the HC12 is available on the CD under Shareware and also online at www gnu m68hc11 org Note that this version does not support HC12 Paging operation check the web site for updates Running your application After creating a Motorola S Record file you can upload it to the development board for a test run The provided example HELLO ASM was created to run from external RAM so you can use the MON12 Monitor to test it without programming it into Flash If you haven t done so already verify that the CML12Sxxx board is connected and operating properly by following the steps under GETTING STARTED until you see the Mon12 prompt then follow these steps to run your program 1 Press and release the RESET button on the CML12Sxxx board You should see the PRESS ANY KEY message Hit
35. y be installed by the user by cutting the hard trace and applying 2 header pins with a shunt jumper With the shunt jumper removed the Reset mode will then be Normal Expanded Wide Note mask set 1K79X and earlier will not fetch the Reset vector from external memory in this mode OSC_SEL The OSC_SEL option jumper is not installed on the CML12S DP256 board The default configuration is for the provided 4MHz reference crystal to provide the HCS12 oscillator If the user requires an external clock to be applied two header pins and shunt jumper can be applied to select the alternate clock source User should refer to the HCS12 User Guide and CML12S board schematic for proper application of the external clock ROM_OFF The ROM_OFF option jumper is not installed on the CML12S DP256 board The default configuration is that the internal flash memory of the HCS12 is enabled at Reset The user must add external nonvolatile memory to the CML12S board to take advantage of this option If the external memory is applied the user may install the two header pins and shunt jumper to select internal or external memory use form Reset 14 CML12SDP256 07 17 02 JP1 and JP2 JP1 and 2 option jumpers provide an easy method of connecting or isolating the HCS12 SCIO and SCI1 serial channel RXD pins respectfully from the provided on board RS232 transceiver To apply the RXD pins on the SCI channels for other user applications requires that the transceiver driver
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