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Fluke PM3370B Hunting Equipment User Manual

1. 576728 DELAYED TIMEBASE TRIGGER Using the Delayed Timebase Del d to select capture and display a small portion of the Main Timebase display results in a magnification of the intensified part Depending on the ratio between the MainTB and Del dTB settings this magnification can be very significant If the input signal contains jitter or any other form of timing instability this jitter will be magnified in the same ratio This can be so much that the display becomes unusable To address such a problem the Delayed Timebase Del dTB can be made to trigger on the input signal after the delay time has passed Start with the STANDARD SETUP Connectthe Probe Adjust signal to the Channel 1 input pcm Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Switch channel 1 to AC coupling mr Shiftthe trace to the upper half of the screen Wo Press the Delayed Timebase DTB key to Nm enter the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu Turn on the Delayed Timebase 4 66 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The third softkey in the menu is labeled starts trig d Star
2. ST6481 Turn the TRACK control counterclockwise so that the Average factor is 8 again HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 33 ACQUIRE ENVELOPE The ENVELOPE mode records the minimum and the maximum of the signal over a number of acquisitions Press the ACQUIRE key Press the ENVELOPE softkey to turn it on jme ald ha a ENVELOPE pamm paraa on hy mei 56480 AVERAGE mode and the ENVELOPE modes are mutually exclusive Observe that AVERAGE is automatically switched off The text appears the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active The minimum and maximum of the input signal is stored and becomes visible on the screen This process continues until it is turned off by the user Turn the POS control of Ch1 Observe that every time you change the settings of the scope like trace POS the ENVELOPE process automatically starts again Press the ENVELOPE softkey to turn off the ENVELOPE mode ACQUIRE PEAK DETECTION PEAK DETection automatically catches peak values up to glitches of 10 ns width of the input signal during a single acquisition Press the PEAK DET softkey to turn it on The tex
3. POSITION A CURSOR ON NEGATIVE SLOPE OF PULSE i O us FUNCTION REFERENCE CURSORS READOUT Three readouts can be selected AV Gives the voltage difference between the cursors V1 V2 Gives the absolute voltage with respect to ground for each cursor V1 and V2 have to be selected separately AV ratio The readout is a percentage that can be reset using the A2100 softkey This can be used for amplitude comparisons The figure shows an example the percentage of overshoot compared with 100 pulse amplitude is determined Key sequence AT 1 AT ratio CURSORS ph T trg BOTH AM V1 amp V2 AV ratio AV 100 AT 100 AT 360 cursor track yes no ie 576846 9312 Remote commands VOLT ch 1 AV 100 TRACK O 0 POSITION CURSORS ON TO PRESS AV 100 OF SIGNAL ch J 4 5 O POSITION A CURSOR ON TOP OF OVERSHOOT CPL QM command to query measured values Refer to Chapter 6 for full details MAT4211 Softkey pair to switch between time readout AT 1 AT AT ratio phase and T trg Toggle function softkey to switch between voltage readout AV V1 V2 or AV ratio Softkey to reset AV ratio to 100 AT ratio to 100 o
4. cea 4 boo 2 9 omg S M MM ST6680 9312 Figure 3 4 switching setup Step 1 Press AUTOSET The scope performs an AUTOSET in analog mode Step 2 Press the ANALOG key to change over to the digital mode Check that the picture is identical to the one in the analog mode The text DIGITAL MODE is displayed briefly at the bottom of the screen 3 8 GETTING STARTED Step 3 Press AUTOSET again This time the scope performs the autoset in digital mode Step 4 Press the RUN STOP key and observe that the trace is frozen and stays on screen even after removing the probe Step 5 Press the RUN STOP key to display the actual input signal again Reconnect the probe to display the Probe Adjust signal again Step 6 Press the ANALOG button once again to return to the analog mode In the bottom of the screen the text ANALOG MODE is briefly displayed 3 6 VERTICAL SETUP This section deals with setting of the input circuits of the four channels The main adjustments are AMPLitude POSition and the channel input coupling selection for GND DC and AC VERI MENU AVERAGE 8 RANGECHI CH2 RANGE as 4L J a Se os GND ON Figur
5. 576704 GETTING STARTED 3 5 Step 4 To prevent measurement errors check the pulse response before any measurement If the pulse shows overshoot or undershoot you can correct this by using the trimmer in the probe s body Chapter 4 describes how to adjust the pulse response 575962 In most cases using AUTO SETUP is sufficient for a good initial display of the signal s After the initial AUTOSET and to optimize the signal for a more detailed view continue with the paragraphs below NOTE Ifyou get lost when adjusting your instrument just press AUTOSET 3 6 GETTING STARTED 3 5 MODE SWITCHING BETWEEN ANALOG AND DIGITAL OPERATING MODES You can use the yellow ANALOG key to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar However the nature of the signals you are using may determine which operating mode you prefer to use For more information refer to the following table SIGNAL CRITERIA Repetitive signals of 30 Hz and higher Repetitive signals below 30 Hz Single events Repetitive signals that are amplitude modulated Repetitive signals that are modulated in frequen
6. pds stop bits pds handshake Y CR baud 75 110 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 parity O EorN lt data bits gt 7or8 lt stopbits gt lt handshake gt XONXOFF _ to enable Xon Xoff handshake HWL to enable hardwareline handshake If left out both handshake methods are disabled THE CPL PROTOCOL Response acknowledge CR Note Example 100 PARS 2400 N 8 1 110 CTL XONXOFF 120 PRINT 130 GOSUB 1000 140 CLOSE 1 150 WT TIMER 160 WHILE TIMER WT 170 COMMS 180 OPEN COMMS AS 1 approx 0 5 sec after an lt acknowledge gt 0 is received the communication parameters are changed to the new values lt 1 PC PAR CTL 5 END comm parameters XONXOFF handshake Send command Sync on acknowledge Close the COM Port Wait 0 5 second COM1 PARS CS0 DS0 CDO Reprogram COM Port 6 18 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM SETUP PS Purpose To configure the oscilloscope using compact setup strings This Program Setup PS command and the Query Setup QS command can be used together to restore and retrieve a complete setup or partial of the oscilloscope The format of the programming strings must be the same as the format of the received setup strings Each setup string describes a node in the oscilloscope setup It is possible to s
7. 5 5 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 55 ALT CHOP ehe 5 7 4 8 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODES 4 9 5 5 8 5 INPUT ATTENUATOR 5 39 5 CALIBRATION AUTOCAL 5 16 5 5 9 5 INPUT ATTENUATOR 5 39 5 AUTORANGE 5 9 5 5 46 5 AUTORANGE 5 9 4 16 AUTOSET AND SETUP UTILITIES 4 70 5 VAUTOSET za 284 ed eG kde ee fice 5 10 5 AUTOSET SEQUENCE 5 11 5 AUTOSET USERPROG 5 12 5 AVERAGE or 5 14 5 BANDWIDTHLIMITER 5 15 bo CURSORS seed ick weed ELO 5 19 5 CALIBRATION AUTOCAL 5 16 5 CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION 5 17 Reference manual 5 CONFIDENCE CHECK 5 18 5 ALT CHOP oui 5 7 1 4 FUNCTION INDEX Entry Refer to chapter function Page Clock 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 55 Command switch 5 TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE MODE 5 78 Common mode 5 ADD INVERT SUBTRACT 5 4 Confidence 5 CONFIDENCE 5 18 Cursor limited measurements 5 MEASURE MENU 5 47 5 TIMEMEASUREMENS 5 76 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 93 Connections OM emnes uendere TE DK e XI Cursors 5 CURSO
8. MEASURE SELECT MEAS n MEAS 1 3 volt J pkpk gt time ch2 E delay on off de A 1 rms J MEAS 2 5 1 rise gt max 2 kpk E on off high v CURSOR chi J LIMIT amp ch2 STATIST RETURN 4 CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST CURSOR 1 LIMIT yes noz STATIST on off J RETURN 4 RETURN 4 SELECT MEAS n volt pall time delay 5 f chi h2 J FNY A chi J cha ext J RETURN 4 5 7673 1 DEL D TB menu structure Appendix F DEL D TB menu structure TB MODE EVENTS ge DELAY cx DTB Sen TRIGGER DELAY TB FF 1y MAIN TB on off starts trig d TRACK ST6564 9303 SAVE RECALL MENU STRUCTURE Appendix G SAVE RECALL menu structure SAVE RECALL 1 OPTIONAL SAVE ACQ ees CLEAR CLEAR TO PROTECT MEMORY MEMORY MEMORY CONFIRM CONFIRM o mi TRACK omi TRACK em D m2 oO e m3 5 em3 dva PROTECT J on off J J clear yes yes c copr clear ARE YOU OVERRULE 5 clear SURE 3j PROTECT 3 J all J J CLEAR amp PROTECT 1 RETURN 4 no no RECALL RECALL COPY REGISTER REGISTER MEMORY MEMORY MEMORY TRACK TRACK 2 emit O O emt mi2 3 o m2 TRACK DISPLAY DISPLAY off CLEAR CLEAR DISPL
9. ST7664E A KEYS FOR AUTO RANGING VERTICAL AUTO RANGING EXTERNAL TRIGGER MENU OPERATION ATTENUATOR CONTROLS TIME BASE INPUT CONTROLS Figure 3 1 Front panel layout Note that the front panel shown is that with the most functions Differences are explained in Section 4 1 For this getting started procedure only CH1 and CH2 are used These are identical for all models 3 2 GETTING STARTED Typical operation of your instrument will be 3 2 Switching on the instrument Initial standard setup Screen controls Auto setup Analog Digital mode switching Vertical setup Timebase setup Magnify Expand Direct trigger setup Pretrigger view More advanced features Cursor operation More advanced trigger functions More signal detail with the DTB Trace storage see Section 3 2 see Section 3 2 see Section 3 3 see Section 3 4 see Section 3 5 see Section 3 6 see Section 3 7 see Section 3 8 see Section 3 9 see Section 3 10 see Section 3 11 see Section 3 12 see Section 3 13 see Section 3 14 see Section 3 15 SWITCHING ON THE INSTRUMENT Connect the power cord and set the front panel power switch to ON For any line source between 100V to 240V nominal 50 400 Hz the instrument automatically turns on After performing the built in power up routine the instrument is immediately ready for use The instrument s settings will be identical to those wh
10. im 2 500 CHP MTB 200 hir 576970 Press the ANALOG key to switch to the Digital mode Observe that switching to the digital mode turns off the third trace The 1 2 indication disappears Press the CH1 CH2 key once again Observe that in the digital mode the CH1 CH2 trace can be used as well Simultaneous display of both channels together with the sum of both channels is not possible in the digital mode CH1 CH2 i m IcHt sodmv 14 CH2 50dmV M B 00 hir ST6720 Press the ANALOG key to return to the analog mode HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 19 VERTICAL INVERT The INVERT function in Channel 2 can be used to make it easier to do out of phase signal comparisons The most common use of the INVERT function is to obtain the display or make the acquisition of the voltage difference between two channels This is done by displaying or capturing the sum of Ch1 and Ch2 as follows This is referred to as the differential mode Using two probes connect the Probe Adjust signal to Ch1 and Ch2 Press AUTOSET Both Ch1 and Ch2 are now displayed Adjust POS and AMPL to get a display as illustrated on the left below Press the CH1 CH2 key Press the INV key of channel 2 Since channel 2 is inverted before it is added to channel 1 the result
11. 4 71 4 17 OTHER FEATURES lt o peri ei Rex eb 4 75 5 FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 1 6 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 1 6 1 INTRODUCTION 6 1 6 2 EXAMPLE PROGRAM FRAME 6 3 6 3 COMMANDS IN FUNCTIONAL ORDER 6 4 6 4 COMMANDS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER 6 5 6 5 COMMAND REFERENCE 6 6 6 6 ACKNOWLEDGE 6 47 6 7 STATUS re i UN 6 48 6 8 SETUP taittaa Rom Meee aes hate Eg a bode aeta 6 50 CONTENTS XI Appendix A ACQUIRE menu structure A 1 Appendix B CURSORS menu structure B 1 Appendix C DISPLAY menu structured C 11 Appendix D MATHEMATICS menu structure D 1 Appendix E MEASURE menu structure E 1 Appendix F DEL D TB menu structure F 1 Appendix G SAVE RECALL menu structure G 1 Appendix H SETUPS menu structure H 1 Appendix J TB MODE menu structure J 1 Appendix K TRIGGER menu structure K 1 Appendix L UTILITY menu structure L 1 Appendix M VERTICAL menu structure M 1 Appendix N RS 232 Cable configurations N 1
12. on acknowledge Read text characters Print setup text THE CPL PROTOCOL QUERY WAVEFORM Purpose To obtain a complete waveform from the oscilloscope You can use the PW command to send the data received with the QW query back to the oscilloscope The option A can be used to recall the date and time in the customized format When compatibility with initial versions of these oscilloscopes is required this option should be omitted Note number of data bits of the RS 232 interface must be 8 not 7 otherwise an execution error will be given Command QW pds wave nr CR Response 1 acknowledge CR Response 2 admin count d sample checksum Note A trace transfer can be canceled by sending the ESC character 27 decimal 6 36 THE CPL PROTOCOL wave_nr admin count sample The oscilloscope waveform source 001 004 for CH1 CH4 00e for EXT TRIG 011 084 for m1 1 m8 4 01 08 for m1 e m8 e 091 504 for m9 1 m50 4 Extended Memory only 09e 50e for m9 e m50 e Extended Memory only xx e for 2 ch versions only xx3 and xx4 for 4 ch versions only 16 parameters separated by a PARAMETER EXAMPLE NOTES trace name string m4 1 Y unit string V X unit string S Y zero number 3 Y position reverse X zero
13. emt P 1 FUNCTION INDEX see Chapter 5 1 1 INDEX E l 3 XII FRONT VIEW ue AUTOSET CAL SETUPS UTILITY ANALOG ACQUIRE SAVE RECALL MEASURE MATH DISPLAY HARD COPY JOO COQOOOOOOO STATUS Rack CURSORS 4 HOLD OFF TRIGGER MAGNIFY 4 wo Sv al O 0 2 2 0 CO caneomessse HER LO C egg eee sTIME DIV ns TB MODE AR ROTATION O 1 CB VERT MENU GIHOR Pos ePos POS eat AUTI AUTO UT AUTO mu pes AMPL PANGE INV AMPL RANGECH3 CH4 AMEL PANGE INV TEXTOFF Sa B na mi a AE ans j Ed D Et POWER UO i 9 no 1 25 Oz Oz IMO 25pF 5 7721 IEEE 488 2 SOCKET RS 232 MAINS FUSE BATTERY LOCATION OF OPTIONAL SOCKET INPUT HOLDER COMPARTMENT TYPE PLATE E gt L3 E gt co es Ce SaS E E E E E E E
14. programming the AUTOSET key to be used as the recall next setup key This selection can be done in the UTILITY gt gt AUTOSET menu Byusing a probe with a COMMAND switch Each instrument is delivered with two such probes as standard accessory The appropriate mode for this probe command can be selected in the UTILITY PROBE menu To return to the normal oscilloscope mode recall the STANDARD SETUP by simultaneously pressing the STATUS and TEXT OFF key FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 69 STANDARD SETUP FRONT PANEL RESET Description A factory programmed set of default settings is available to put the instrument in a defined state The default settings std are reached in the menu under the SETUPS menu key Another method to perform a front panel reset is by pressing the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys simultaneously The TRACK control is used to Select std and the memories s1 s10 refer to SETUPS The settings saved in std become the actual settings when the recall softkey is pressed The most important std settings are Analog mode AUTOSET USERPROG is set to off Setting readout is switched on Ground indicator is set to on Usertext is set to off Cursors are off Input is dc coupled and input impedance is 1 MQ Input sensitivity is set to 50mV and VAR off CH1 is on CH2 CH3 and EXT TRIG are off Vertical POS is set to center of screen
15. displayed signal be expanded horizontally so that more DID signal detail becomes visible In the analog mode a 10 E magnification is possible and the entire sweep length can be made visible by turning the X POS control Pressthe right MAGNIFY key The text MGN appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active Observe that the timebase indication is changed from 1 00 ms div to 100 us div EME o5 LEE 200mV MTB 1004 hi CH1 200mV _ 1004s ich1f 576504 Press the ANALOG key to set the scope the digital mode Press the right MAGNIFY key Observe that the signal expands in 1 2 4 steps to a maximum of 32 times This magnification factor is displayed briefly on the screen Setthe MAGNIFY to 4 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 25 TIMEBASE X POS X POS With X POS the displayed signal is shifted horizontally across the display Turn the X POS control clockwise 5 N 4199 Observe that a bar graph is displayed The block on the bar graph shows which part of the digital trace is displayed as expanded This block on the bar gr
16. zug ch1 ch2 pair of softkeys When more than one channel is on the 3 desired channel for voltage TRACK readout must be selected with the ch1 ch2 pair of softkeys In digital mode stored traces also be used for voltage measurements The figure shows the required settings The cursor positioning with the TRACK and A controls is also shown The example shows how peak peak voltage measurement is done FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 21 CURSORS BOTH In this mode both voltage and CURSORS time cursors are active The o C3 TRACK and A controls operate as ua c3 in VOLT or TIME mode as selected with the CONTROL key ch2 Qr i Cj TRAGK READOUT C O rr Key sequence on off CURSORS J Remote commands TRACK 570554 E Toggle function softkey to switch between cursors on and off Toggle function softkey to switch between volt time or both cursors Softkey pair to select CH1 or CH2 for measurements Selects in digital mode also stored traces Toggle function softkey to switch between volt and time cursors for positioning This selection is usable only in the both cursor mode Control to shift both cursors simultaneously or to shift the track cursor only Selection in the CURSORS READOUT menu determines
17. CURSORS READOUT AT RATIO PHASE First the reference distance between the two cursors is set This then is set to 100 360 by pressing the AT 100 360 softkey Changing the distance between the cursors now results in a reading of the reference Press the softkey next to AT until AT ratio phase is intensified Set the time cursors to be exactly one signal period apart Press the softkey next to AT 100 360 In the cursor readout line of the screen the value for AT is now AT 100 AT 360 Observe that the 100 360 reference does not change when the TRACK control is turned 50 50 86733 TRACK A TRACK A 5 0 Adjust the cursors to a distance of half a signal period Now the AT in the readout area will read 50 AT 180 This is the way to use the cursors for duty cycle measurements HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 49 4 11 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS When operating in the analog mode you can use the cursors to measure amplitude and time data When operating in the digital mode the scope has an extensive set of fully automated amplitude and time measurement functions You can select two measurements to be performed simultaneously These measurements are updated automatically so that when signals change the measu
18. Response 2 count node CR 4 more nodes to follow lt count gt number of strings to follow lt node gt string of decimal characters representing a setup node in the oscilloscope e g 16 10 hex 6 32 THE CPL PROTOCOL Example Complete setup query 90 DIM 25 Reserve space 100 PRINT 1 QS Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 INPUT 1 N Read number of node strings 130 FOR 1 140 INPUT 41 SETUPS I Read all node strings 150 PRINT N I SETUPS I 160 NEXT I example response PM3394 11 0106hlhl OPAT AN 0306 1 1 CR These SETUP array elements can be stored and sent back later to the oscilloscope with the PS command Optional setup query to read only one setup node 100 PRINT 1 0S 4 Query setup node 4 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 INPUT 1 N Read number of setup nodes 130 INPUT 1 SETUPS Read the setup node 140 PRINT SETUPS Print the setup string THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 33 QUERY TEXT QT Purpose To query text from an oscilloscope If the S parameter is specified setup text is returned The text will be queried from one of the setup registers of the oscilloscope The parameter n specifies the setup register A text field of 22 characters is returned If the S parameter is not specified user text is returned The text will be queried from th
19. to select Observe that the menu displays both traces of register 1 m1 1 and m1 2 Both are filled m1 1 with the signal of channel 1 and m1 2 with the signal from channel 2 Turn the TRACK control to select m1 1 Press the DISPLAY on off softkey to off Observe that the stored trace of channel 1 is not displayed any more Press the CLEAR DISPLAY softkey to clear all stored traces before continuing to the next section 4 44 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 10 CURSORS FUNCTIONS CURSORS Cursors are provided to make fast and accurate amplitude O and time measurements These can be done in digital 0 mode as well as in analog mode The analog mode of the oscilloscope is often used to accurately display complex waveforms such as in AM FM and Video The digital mode will often be the preferred operating mode for single accuracies which have to be studied or analyzed When operating in digital mode the cursors are always set to the optimum place for that particular measurement and the readout is directly displayed on the Screen This is the fastest and easiest way for most of the measurements But for measurements on very complex signals with different waveforms in a trace the analog cursor measurements gives you a very helpful tool to find your measurement STANDARD SETTING Start with the standard setting This ensures you have the correct start condition Press the STATUS and TE
20. 50e for m9 e m50 e Extended Memory only 01e 08e for m1 e m8 e xx e for 2 ch models only xx 3 and xx 4 for 4 ch models only admin 16 parameters separated by a pds ACTION BY PARAMETER TYPE EXAMPLE OSCILLOSCOPE NOTES trace name string m4 1 ignored Y_unit string V interpreted X unit string S interpreted Y zero number 3 interpreted X_zero number 8 625E 6 ignored Y_resolution number 78 13E 3 interpreted X_resolution number 1E 6 interpreted Y_range number 65535 ignored date string 25 01 1994 interpreted 3 time string 17 10 25 40 interpreted 4 dT corr number 375E 3 interpreted 1 min max number 0 interpreted 2 mult_shot_tot number 32 interpreted mult_shot_nr number 5 interpreted reserved string 0 ignored reserved string 0 ignored Notes 1 dT dT corr X resolution 2 1 min max trace envelopes 0 waveform trace 3 date format European E25 01 1994 American 01 25 1994 Japanees J1994 01 25 for compatibility reasons initial versions European format without leading character can be used 4 for compatibility reasons initial versions hundreds of seconds can be omited count The number of samples in the waveform 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 or 32768 Extended Memory 2048 and higher 6 24 THE CPL PROTOCOL sample 2 bytes Most Significant Byte Least Significant Byte representing the 16 bit sample value bit 16 32768 bit 15 16384 bit 1 1 Range 32k down to 32k up
21. CPL QW Command to query a waveform Refer to Chapter 6 for full details GLITCH TRIGGER Glitch triggering examines a single channel on one or more time conditions Any one of the channel inputs can be used as trigger source and is selected with the keys TRIG1 TRIG2 or EXT TRIG The same keys are used to toggle between positive and negative glitch triggering Time qualification is selected with softkeys These time conditions are n t1 triggers when the glitch is longer than the selected time t1 The TRACK control is used to adjust t1 n t2 triggers when the glitch is shorter than the time t2 The TRACK control is used to adjust t2 range triggers when the glitch duration is between two time limits as specified by t1 and t2 The TRACK control is used to adjust t1 and the control is used to adjust t2 FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 37 Key sequence edge tv glitch TRIGGER J Toggle key to select positive or negative glitch detection Toggle softkey to select positive or negative glitch detection Softkey pair to select the additional trigger condition Control to adjust the conditional time or the beginning of the range Control to adjust the end of the range HOLD OFF Description The HOLD OFF control determines the hold off time In the analog mode the hold off time is an additional dead time after each timebase sweep during which the MAIN TB trigger is inhibited Variable HOLD OFF ena
22. Example 1000000011000111 value 32569 byte 1 byte 2 byte 1 128 value 32768 byte 2 128 64 4 2 1 199 value 199 checksum 1 byte checksum of all sample bytes add one by one result modulus 256 Example In this example a waveform of 512 points is generated in the computer and sent to the oscilloscope The display of the waveform on the oscilloscope screen consists of two sine waves amplitude 3 vertical divisions and period 2x 5 horizontal divisions The Y scale will be set at 500 Volts per division and the X scale at 50 0 us per division The following values can be calculated from these settings number of waveform amplitude points divisions 6400 points div 19200 used in the example program The number of waveform time points trace length 512 2 2 40 744 used in the example program 500 V div Y resolution 78 13E 3V 6400 dots div X resolution PUN 1E 6s 50 dots div After running the example program perform the following m Select the default setup by pressing the front panel keys STATUS and TEXT OFF at the same time Select the digital mode by pressing the ANALOG key m Select the recall menu by pressing the RECALL key Use the TRACK button and the software keys to turn the m4 register display on and the acq display off m Press the STATUS key THE CPL PROTOCOL Example program 100 110 1
23. ST7415 9312 You can turn off the text by pressing the TEXT OFF key This can be done to free up the display area Press the TEXT OFF key three times Observe that the text mode follows the following sequence menu off settings off both on 4 8 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT CAL SIGNAL AND PROBE ADJUSTMENT Each measuring probe has been checked and adjusted before delivery However to match the probe to your oscilloscope you must perform the following procedure to optimize the pulse response of the combination of oscilloscope input and probes Connect the probe body to channel 1 Connect the probe tip to the Probe Adjust output of the oscilloscope Press the AUTOSET key If the display looks like one of the two displays shown on the left you must adjust your probe to get the display shown on the right The probe output impedance can be adjusted through a hole in the compensation box of the probe to obtain optimum pulse response Refer to the following figure Adjust the probe until the screen shows the correct compensation The probe is now adjusted for optimum pulse response with this oscilloscope If you connect the probe to another channel or oscilloscope it must be adjusted again to that oscilloscope input Repeat this adjustment for the
24. 4K 2 registers of 2 traces each 6 6 2K 2 registers of 4 3 traces each 12 9 512 8 registers of 4 3 traces each 40 30 memory plus acquisition 2 ch models between brackets FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 3 MEMORY EXPANSION With the Extended Memory Option installed the acquisition memory can be made as long as 32K When shorter acquisitions are selected more traces can be stored in memory with a maximum of 208 156 traces Acquisition Reference memory Traces 1 x 32K 2 registers of 1 traces each 3 3 2x 16K 2 registers of 2 traces each 6 6 3 x 8K 2 registers of 4 3 traces each 12 9 3 512 50 registers of 4 3 traces each 208 156 memory plus acquisition 2 ch models between brackets Key sequence TB MODE LENGHT 4ch 512 pts Softkey to select 512 points with confirm menu 4ch 2k pts Softkey to select 2K points with confirm menu 2ch 4k pts Softkey to select 4K points with confirm menu 1ch 8k pts Softkey to select 8K points with confirm menu 576751 9303 5 4 FUNCTION REFERENCE ADD INVERT SUBTRACT Description The CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 key in the control section for CH1 CH3 can be used to display additional traces of the sums of these channels CH3 CH4 is only present in the 4 channels models The invert key INV in the control section for CH2 CH4 can be used for signal inversion A
25. 55 50 5 Read measured frequency Measurement TYPES MEASS SUFFIXS Print measured frequency Example of multiple measurements 100 110 120 130 140 150 PRINT 1 QM 10 L Query for delta voltage measurement GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge INPUT 1 MEASS Read measured delta voltage PRINT Measurement USMEASS Print measured delta voltage IF INKEYS THEN GOTO 120 Do next measurement until a key is pressed PRINT 1 CHRS 27 Send ESC character THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 29 QUERY PRINT Purpose To obtain the graphical data of the display from the oscilloscope The Query Print QP command can be used to retrieve a complete display picture which can be stored as a HPGL file in the PC This file can then be used in for example FLUKEVIEW Word Perfect or Word files Command QP 1 CR Response 1 acknowledge CR Response 2 print data null print data HPGL data bytes In the example below the print data is read byte after byte by the PC and appended to the HPGL HGL file null When input buffer stays empty data transfer has ended 6 30 THE CPL PROTOCOL Example Written in Quick Basic CLS CLOSE OPEN COM2 19200 N 8 1 CSO DSO CDO FOR RANDOM AS 1 OPEN HPGL HGL
26. Entry Refer to chapter function Page G Glitch 5 PEAK DETECTION 5 51 Glitch trigger 5 GLITCHTRIGGER 5 36 GND 5 INPUT 5 40 H Hard copy 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 53 High level 5 VOLT MEASUREMENT 5 92 Hold off HOLD ORF ry ee 5 37 Horizontal deflection 4 5 HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION 4 21 Horizontal functions 4 8 ADVANCED HORIZONTAL FUNCTIONS 4 34 488 2 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 54 5 REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 5 58 Input attenuator 5 INPUT ATTENUATOR 5 39 Input coupling 5 INPUT 5 40 Input impedance 5 5 41 Interpolation 5 DISPLAY 5 30 Installation 2 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 5 N 1 Invert 5 ADD INVERT SUBTRACT 5 4 L Logic trigger 5 LOGIC 5 44 Low level 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 92 M Magnify 5 MAGNIFY HORIZONTAL 5 44 5 MAGNIFY 5 45 Maintenance 5 UTIL 5 88 Main Timebase 5 HOLD ORF ade aes 5 37 5 MAIN 5 46 Mathematics 4 12 PROCESSING FUNCTIONS 4 52 5 MATHEMATICS 5 47 Maximum vo
27. FOR OUTPUT AS 2 Open output file PRINT 1 1 Query print Start TIMER WHILE TIMER lt Start 1 AND LOC 1 0 WEND IF LOC 1 0 THEN Syne on data PRINT Response DO Byte INPUTS S LOC 1 51 Read each data byte PRINT Byte Display databyte PRINT 2 ByteS Append databyte to file Start TIMER WHILE TIMER lt Start 1 AND LOC 1 0 WEND LOOP WHILE LOC 1 gt 0 ELSE Error message PRINT No Response END IF CLOSE THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 31 QUERY SETUP Qs Purpose To query the oscilloscope for its current setup This Query Setup QS command and the Program Setup PS command can be used together in order to retrieve and restore a complete or partical setup of the oscilloscope Optionally a parameter can be added to the command to query a particular part of the setup When this parameter is omitted the complete setup is returned The response can be stored as an array of strings in the computer to be sent back later using the PS command Each string that is received describes a setup node in the oscilloscope Refer to Program Setup PS and section 6 8 SETUP Command bypass to ask all nodes Qs pds node number CR lt node number gt optional parameter in decimal ASCII to query only one setup node Refer to section 6 8 SETUP for the setup node numbers Response 1 acknowledge CR
28. handshake configuration The LQ1500 printer can have a 6 pole DIN connector with the following connections TxD on pin 1 DTR on pin 2 RxD on pin 3 S GND on pin 5 2 RS 232 CABLE CONFIGURATIONS B Cable to printer plotter with hardware handshake parameters 3 wire 7 wire 7 wire XON XOFF on off on or off OSCILLOSCOPE PRINTER PLOTTER DTE DTE SIGNAL 9 PIN 9 PIN 25 PIN female male male TxD 3 3 2 RxD 2 2 3 220 Qr S7 4 CTS 8 8 5 DTR 4 o O 4 20 DSR 6 E 6 6 DCD 1 o 8 S GND 5 o o 5 7 F GND CASE CASE 1 C Cable to controller with hardware handshake parameters 3 wire 7 wire 7 wire XON XOFF on off on or off The communication is confirm the protocol This means that signal RfR is active when the oscilloscope can receive data OSCILLOSCOPE CONTROLLER SONAL female ferris TxD 3 3 2 2 o 2 3 RIR 7 7 4 CTS 8 o X o 8 5 DTR 4 Q lt 4 20 DSR 6 X Oo 6 6 DCD 1 o ee 1 8 S GND 5 o 5 7 F GND CASE CASE 1 NOTE When during data transfer the signal DSR on the oscilloscope becomes inactive the serial communication buffers of the instrument are cleared The hard copy action or waveform transfer stops then APPENDIX P 1 Appendix CHANNELS SIMULTANEOUSLY SAMPLED AT 100 MS s The scope has two 8 bit flash
29. the mostly used default parameters are 9600 8 3wire set up the layout of the printer hard copy Press the LAYOUT softkey Set the layout parameters grid paper length and trace info Press the RETURN softkey Now you are ready to make the hard copy Press the HARD COPY key The printer starts printing Observe that the screen displays HARDCOPY BUSY DONE to indicate the progress of the printing 4 70 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The preceding section describes the setup of a printer using the RS 232 interface If you wish to use an IEEE 488 equipped printer all steps are the same except for the RS 232 setup chi y Div Timebase TRACE 200mV 200us 1 576836 9303 UTILITY PLOT SETUP For a hard copy with a plotter please refer to the previous section on how to set up the oscilloscope to be used with a printer Instead of selecting a printer you can select a plotter from the following models or emulations HP7440 HP7550 HP7475A HP7470A HPGL standard HPGL PM8277 and PM8278 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 71 4 16 AUTOSET AND SETUP UTILITIES This oscilloscope has a number of utilities that assist you to quickly get to the setup you need One utility is the SET STANDARD utility to set the oscilloscope to a factory defined known state The most frequently used utility will be AUTOSET AUTOSET is
30. year month day The adjusted time becomes active after pressing the softkey ENTER amp RETURN print plot cik Toggle softkey to select printer plotter or clock menu TRACK 2 Control to select printer plotter type LAYOUT Access to LAYOUT menu for printer or e plotter IEEE RS232 Toggle softkey to select IEEE or RS 232 interface only visible if IEEE interface is present ST7410 9312 FUNCTION REFERENCE PRINT amp UTILITY PLOT amp CLK PRINTER LAYOUT yes no TRACE info yes no C 576763 9303 GRID PLOTTER LAYOUT yes no N zl TRACE INFO yes no COLORS yes no 576764 9303 Toggle softkey to select printer plot or clock menu Toggle softkey to select the clock time stamp to be adjusted with the up down softkey pair Up down softkey pair to adjust the time Toggle softkey to select European USA or Japanese format of the date Toggle softkey to print the grid Toggle softkey to select paper length Toggle softkey to print trace information Toggle softkey to plot the grid Toggle softkey to select paper size Toggle softkey to select plot format Toggle softkey to plot trace information Toggle softkey to plot traces in colors FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 57 PROBE UTILITIES Description The PROBE SWITCH setting of the UTILITY gt gt PROBE menu determines the instrument s reaction when you press the command button on the probe You can sele
31. 65 Mathematics 1 settings 42 66 Mathematics 2 settings Mathematics bits mathematics type source 1 low high source 2 low high scale low high scale minimum low high offset low high window width low high 50 80 Display settings settings display on off ground level indicator on off trigger level indicator on off dots join on off x versus Y on off status view on off backup status view window on off 51 81 Trace intensity settings analog trace intensity low high mtb dtb intensity ratio 52 82 Display trace position setting X position Y position 60 96 Setup label text max 22 characters 70 112 Real time clock setting format FO 240 Special node for service purposes It is NOT necessary to send all strings to the oscilloscope when a setting must be changed 6 52 THE CPL PROTOCOL Applications setup nodes for different timebase settings can be stored separately They can be used afterwards as fixed templates to change only the oscilloscope timebase setup The layout of each setup node string is DnllxxxXxxXx dias where all characters are in the hexadecimal range 0 9 A F Each pair forms the hexa decimal representation of a byte in high low order eg hex 2A bin 00101010 dec 42 nn the setup node number ll the number of bytes in the setup node each byte is represented by two characters xx the actual setup node ACQUIRE MENU STRUCTURE Appendix A ACQUIRE menu structure
32. C Key to start the fine adjustment procedure Press this key for at least 2 seconds to start the procedure Remote commands CPL CL Command for Calibrate Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 17 CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION Description In this family of instruments the distinction is made between channel and trace A channel is referred to as an input channel complete with AMPL and POS settings A trace represents a waveform which has been stored in one of the register memories Once such a waveform is recalled from memory it is displayed on the screen as a trace Each channel can be turned ON and OFF by the ON key located near the channel keys on the front panel In the digital mode this key switches the acquisition and the display on off In the digital mode a waveform which has been previously stored in a register can be recalled and displayed via the RECALL menu One of the registers MO is the acquisition register where the newly acquired data from the input channels is stored The RECALL function only switches on and off the display of the trace and does not influence the acquisition It allows the running acquisition to be hidden to give a better view of the processed results calculated from an acquisition running in the background In addition to the acquisition register MO the scope provides eight different register memory locations 50 for the extended memory version Ea
33. CONTROL softkey so that is intensified Turn the TRACK conirol and observe that only the time cursors move HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 47 CURSORS READOUT Press the softkey next to READOUT The CURSOR READOUT selection menu for horizontal and vertical measurements is now displayed You can make the following selections from this menu AT 1 AT AT ratio T trg and phase for time measurements AV V1 V2 AV ratio for voltage measurements AT is the time difference between the time cursors The readout is in seconds s or fractions of seconds 1 AT results in the inverted value of the time difference and is displayed in Hz When the time cursors are set exactly one period apart this represents the frequency of the signal AT ratio allows for a relative measurement of two cursor readings It is displayed as a percentage Phase is used to measure a phase difference between two signals or to determine the phase of a detail within one signal T trg gives the timedifference between the cursors and the trigger point AV is the voltage difference between the voltage cursors readout AV V V1 V2 displays the absolute voltages for each voltage cursor in relation to ground readout V1 Vreference V2 Vdelta AV ratio allows for a relative measurement of two cursor readings It is displayed as a percentage 4 48 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT
34. Chapter 6 Note 1 Finding your way through the menus Some functions are attained via successive steps through a tree structure of menus An example is how to activate the key CLICK function Press the UTILITY menu key Press the SCREEN amp SOUND softkey Press the SOUND softkey Press the CLICK softkey to activate on The shortform annotation for these steps is UTILITY gt gt SCREEN amp SOUND gt gt SOUND gt gt CLICK on Note 2 A complete function index is part of this Operating Manual This function index contains all function names and reference words in alphabetical order including the relevant chapter and page number where more detailed information can be found It can be found at the end of this manual 5 2 FUNCTION REFERENCE ACQUISITION LENGTH Description The oscilloscope allows the user to select the acquisition length or record length that best suits the needs of the application The default acquisition length is 512 data points for each trace It is possible to increase the length of a trace from 512 points up to a maximum 8K points or 32K points if the memory expansion option is installed This results in a trace length of 16 screens or 160 divisions The TB MODE menu offers four choices to select the acquisition length This menu is accessed via the key sequence MODE gt gt ACQ LENGTH gt gt Selection of the desired acquisition length is then made with the soft key
35. Command G L CR Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 GL Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge Local Remote Remote Local Lockout States Go to Remote d Local State Remote State 4 Go to Local Reset Instrument lt STATUS LOCAL button gt Local Lockout Remote with Go to Local Local Lockout Reset Instrument State 6 12 THE CPL PROTOCOL GO to REMOTE GR Purpose Puts the oscilloscope in the Remote State In the Remote State none of the oscilloscope functions are accessible via the front panel buttons and knobs Going back to the Local State is achieved by sending the Go to Local GL command or by pressing the STATUS LOCAL key on the frontpanel Refer also to Local Lockout and Go to Local Command GR CR Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 GR Send command 110 INPUT 1 ACK Sync on acknowledge Local Remote Remote Local Lockout States d Go to Remote d Local State Remote State Go to Local Reset Instrument lt STATUS LOCAL button gt Local Lockout Remote with Go to Local 4 Local Lockout Reset Instrument State THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 13 IDENTIFICATION ID Purpose Returns t
36. Delayed Timebase Probe correction Beep and click signals Noisy signal triggering Confidence check Most of these functions can be operated via the UTILITY menu For further information on all of these features refer to the cross reference index and Chapter 5 This chapter describes all oscilloscope functions in alphabetical order This oscilloscope has been designed to give you many years of dependable service We are sure that you will feel confident with your Fluke oscilloscope Fluke is in the process of constantly improving products and documentation For any problems or suggestions please contact the Fluke Service Center nearest you A complete listing of addresses for the Fluke Service Centers can be found in the Reference Manual FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 1 5 FUNCTION REFERENCE This chapter contains an alphabetized description of each oscilloscope function For easy reference the functions are organized in the following order 1 The Function description Explanation and detailed information about the function Key sequence Tells the operator which keys controls to use to select the desired function The first key control mentioned is always one of the front panel menu selection keys and the other keys are the softkeys Remote commands Gives information about the command to be programmed for the operation of the relevant function via a remote control interface For more detailed programming information see
37. E YOUT ZMOD MTB EXT DTB BAIE TRIG GATE STORAGE SPACE OPTIONAL L ONLY IN FOR MAINS CABLE 4 CH MODELS ST7665E 970117 XIII FRONT PANEL CONNECTIONS to OOOOSO Probe Adjust Squarewave output signal for e g probe calibration Amplitude is calibrated CH1 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact CH2 BNC input socket for vertical channel 2 with probe indication contact CH3 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact only in 4 channel models CH4 BNC input socket for vertical channel 1 with probe indication contact only in 4 channel models EXT TRIG BNC input socket used as an extra external trigger input with probe indication contact only in 2 channel models Ground socket banana same potential as safety ground The measuring ground socket and the external conductor of the BNC sockets are internally connected to the protective earth conductor of the three core mains cable The measuring ground socket or the external conductor of the BNC sockets must not be used as a protective conductor terminal XIV REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS Z MOD BNC input socket for external intensity modulation of the CRT trace RS 232 BUS EIA 232 D Input output socket to connect the oscilloscope to an RS 232 Interface NC NOT CONNECTED 576065 LINE IN Line input socket Fuse holder is built in XV OPTION
38. MAIN TB on and X DEFL off MAIN TB in 1 ms and auto mode VAR and 10x MAGNIFY are off MAINTB triggering in edge level pp on positive slope ac coupled and trigger source CH1 Note Error messages appear in the CRT viewing area when incorrect commands are given Key sequence setups TRACK std memory selection recall softkey to recall std settings ST6767 9303 Remote commands CPL DS Command for a front panel reset Refer to Chapter 6 for full details 5 70 FUNCTION REFERENCE STATUS SCREEN Description Normally a maximum of four lines of setting information are given in the lower screen area More extensive setting information can also be displayed The STATUS toggle key switches between normal and extensive settings information The status screen gives the following additional setting readouts Channel input coupling is indicated by AC DC or GND instead of symbols Settings of inactive channels are given in addition to the active channels Channel off or on is displayed The probe type is given for each channel Acontinuous indication of HOLD OFF LEVEL MAIN TB and LEVEL DEL D TB is given MAIN TB and DELD TB trigger coupling are indicated The trigger position is displayed TV mode settings are displayed When the SAVE or RECALL menu is active the STATUS SCREEN will show the X and Y settings of the displayed traces Note STATUS key has a third function wh
39. Pattern State and Glitch triggering 2 ns 2 channel models 4ns Glitch triggering only Event delay and pretriggering and posttriggering TV triggering including HDTV and TV line selection Serial interface for printing and plotting Averaging to reduce signal noise and to increase the vertical resolution from 8 to 16 bits Advanced mathematics including digital low pass filtering A Math option adds integration differentiation histogramming and FFT Sine interpolation and magnification which enables true to life four channel single shot acquisitions with a timebase up to 625 ns div 32x magnified A delayed timebase with full trigger features RS 232 EIA 232 D interface standard and an GPIB IEEE 488 interface optional Autocal for automatic fine tuning of all circuitry to achieve maximum accuracy under all user conditions Closed case calibration for efficient maintenance of traceable calibration at minimum cost The following options are available MATH option with more automated measurement functions including envelope and measurement pass fail testing Also included in this option are Integration Differentiation Histogramming and FFT Memory extension offering 32K acquisition length and the ability to store 156 traces of 512 samples each in memory for 2 channel versions IEEE 488 2 interface using the new SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments industry standard for remote control of test
40. Right side switches x10 MAGNIFY on LD Left side switched x10 MAGNIFY off i Digital mode Right side increases the MAGNIFY factor Left side decreases the MAGNIFY factor MAGNIFY MAGNIFY VERTICAL Description In the digital mode the displayed signal s can be expanded vertically up to 32 times for detailed signal examination Vertical magnification is activated in the DISPLAY menu The TRACK control is then used to select the magnification factor in a x1 x2 x4 X92 sequence The selected factor is displayed in the DISPLAY menu actual vertical deflection coefficient in V div is automatically updated and displayed in the text area at the bottom of the screen You can use the POS control of the displayed channel s to move the trace and display the part of interest If you selected a trace stored in one of the memory locations m1 mn using the RECALL menu to be displayed and magnified you can change the position of such magnified traces using the Y POS control as indicated the RECALL menu i i VVVM E Function of vertical magnifier and Y POS control Key sequence Display TRACK Control to select the vertical magnification 576759 9303 5 46 FUNCTION REFERENCE MAIN TIMEBASE MANUAL AUTOMATIC Description The Main Timebase MAIN TB has a wide range of time div settings This enables the display of signals of various
41. TEXT function Softkey to select sine linear or no interpolation in digital mode only FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 33 ENVELOPE Description If a waveform is changing over time because of drift jitter or intermittent faults the history of the changing waveform can be collected using the envelope mode Inthe envelope mode the minimum and maximum signal values are stored taking the values of a large number of successive waveform acquisitions If an interpolation mode is switched on the area between the maximum and minimum values is shaded Each time the settings of the scope are changed like trace POS the envelope process is restarted by clearing the acquisition register A new envelope process starts and continues until stopped or until a change of settings is made 0 Display of signal with Display of signal with frequency amplitude variation AM variation FM or jitter ENVELOPE and AVERAGE functions are mutually exclusive When the AVERAGE function is selected the ENVELOPE mode is automatically switched off Key sequence ENVELOPE ACQUIRE onoff Toggle softkey to switch Envelope on or off 576790 9303 5 34 FUNCTION REFERENCE EXTERNAL TRIGGER 2 CHANNELS MODELS ONLY Description The External Trigger input provides an extra input that can be used as the trigger source for the Main
42. THEN GOTO 1100 1040 PRINT ERROR ACK L050 ON ACK GOTO 1060 1070 1080 1090 L060 PRINT SYNTAX ERROR END 1070 PRINT EXECUTION ERROR END 1080 PRINT SYNCHRONISATION ERROR END 1090 PRINT COMMUNICATION ERROR END 1100 PRINT UNKNOWN ACKNOWLEDGE END 1110 RETURN First the serial port of the PC is opened line 10 with the settings of the oscilloscope communication parameters Following that the example program lines from the COMMAND REFERENCE SECTION can be executed The subroutine to synchronize on the acknowledge returned from the oscilloscope starts at line 1000 The oscilloscope communication parameters are stored in battery backup memory when the oscilloscope is turned off On power up the parameters are restored 6 4 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 3 COMMANDS IN FUNCTIONAL ORDER group name command Communication Program Communication PC Setup Auto Setup AS Default Setup DS Program Setup PS Program text PT Query Setup Qs Query text QT Recall Setup RS Save Setup 55 Calibrate CL States Go to Local GL Go to Remote GR Local Lockout LL Measurement Arm Trigger AT Program Wavefrom PW Query measurement QM Query Wavefrom QW Trigger Acquisition TA Query Print QP Miscellaneous IDentification ID Reset Instrument RI STatus query ST THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 5 6 4 COMMANDS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER command name AS Auto Setup AT Arm Trigger CL Calibrate DS Default Setup GL Go to Local GR G
43. The male 9 pin connector and its connections are shown in the figure below For correct functioning Communication parameters must be adjusted This is done in the menu UTILITY RS 232 SETUP This menu is reached via the key sequence UTILITY gt gt RS 232 SETUP gt gt Possible Selections are Baud rate To be selected with the TRACK control Number of DATAbits and PARITY Combinations are dataBITS 7 7 8 8 8 PARITY Odd Even Odd Even No There is always one stopbit Hardware handshake is selected with 3 wire 7 wire In the 7 wire position the hardware handshake signals DSR DTR and CTS are active Software handshake is selected with XON XOFF on off NC ob Operation of the front panel key STATUS LOCAL passes the control of the oscilloscope from the interface remote to the front panel keys local NC NOT CONNECTED ST6065 5 60 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence WITH IEEE REMOTE RS232 UTILITY SETUP SETUP RS232 TRACK SETUP NO IEEE a Control to adjust baud rate BITS 7 8 Toggle softkey to select number of databits PARITY no odd even Toggle softkey to select parity 3 wire 7 wire Toggle softkey to select hardware handshake XON XOFF on off Toggle softkey to select software handshake STATUS LJ Key to switch from remote to local LOCAL Remote commands CPL PC Command to program communication parameters GL Has same result as operation of STATUS LOCAL key
44. The number of samples at each amplitude level is counted A peak in the number of samples at one level indicates the high level and is referred to the 100 level If no such point is present e g sine wave the high level is equal to the maximum voltage 5 94 FUNCTION REFERENCE Oversh OVERSHOOT Measures the overshoot in related to the amplitude of the signal There are two types of overshoot rising overshoot and falling overshoot undershoot max of 1st rising slope high 100 high low rising oversh low min of 1st falling slope high low falling oversh 100 presh PRESHOOT Measures the preshoot in related to the amplitude of the signal There are two types of preshoot rising preshoot and falling preshoot low min of 1st rising slope 100 high low rising presh max of 1st falling slope high high low 100 falling presh It is possible to perform measurements on the part of the waveform between the two cursors This function is called cursor limited measurements and is turned on via the key sequence MEASURE gt gt CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST gt gt CURSOR LIMITED yes Cursor operation is done via the TRACK and A controls and via the CURSOR menu Results of the measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2 are displayed in the top left corner of the screen When you press the key sequence MEASURE gt gt CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST gt gt STATIST on the scree
45. The upper trace is the main timebase trace This first trace shows an intensified part Adjust the TRACE INTENSITY with the control as necessary The lower trace is the delayed timebase trace and is an expanded representation of the intensified part in the upper trace Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Turn the DELAY knob to shift the intensified part and to select which part of the main timebase you want to magnify The delayed timebase TIME DIV keys are used to select the magnification factor Notice the changing delayed timebase TIME DIV readout at the bottom of the screen The symbol at the fourth blue softkey indicates that the cursor TRACK control can be used to make adjustments In this menu the cursor TRACK control is used to change the TRACE SEParation which is the distance between the main timebase and the delayed timebase The delayed timebase can be used in the triggered mode The triggered mode is selected with the STARTS TRIG D softkey The function of the triggered mode will be explained in Chapter 4 For this part of Getting Started remain in the STARTS mode Step 6 Switch the menu off with the TEXT OFF key Notice that the delayed timebase is still active and that the most important functions DELAY control and TIME DIV key pair still allow you to operate the delayed timebase 3 22 GETTING STARTED 3 15 TRACE STORAGE In the digital mode you not only have the ability to store traces on the screen u
46. USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER LINE Connect a sine wave signal of 4 V 300 Hz to channel 1 Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Press AUTOSET Select a timebase speed of 1 ms div Press the TRIGGER key Press the softkey next to the function ch1 line to select line When line is selected this function is intensified The line frequency is used as the trigger source Slowly vary the frequency of the sine wave input signal Observe that when the input frequency is close to an integer multiple of the line frequency the running sine wave slows down or even stands still Line triggering can be used to display signals or signal components that are related to the line frequency e g hum or power supply ripple HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 39 4 9 MEMORY FUNCTIONS The next section deals with storing and recalling traces in memory for later use Functions related to trace storage and recall are easily accessible via the menus selection keys labeled SAVE and RECALL STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the memory functions you must first set the instrument to the default setting to ensure a correct start situation Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 Press AUTOSET The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV TRACE STORAGE CLEAR a
47. USERPROG allows the user to customize the AUTOSET function for specific applications Example To program the AUTOSET function for dc coupling of the inputs do the following Press the UTILITY key Press the softkey labeled AUTOSET Select userprog Press the VERT gt softkey select dc and press RETURN Press the AUTOSET key The Probe Adjust signal is now displayed as dc coupled instead of ac coupled as would be the case after a STANDARD AUTOSET SETUPS All settings of all controls can be stored in any of 10 memory locations This is a useful feature when performing routine tasks involving complex setup procedures Rather than changing all parameters to go from one measurement to another the oscilloscope can recall even the most complex settings combinations with the touch of one button The SETUPS key is used to store and recall previously defined instrument settings First clear all memory locations Press the SETUPS key Press the CLEAR amp PROTECT softkey Press the clear all softkey Press the yes confirm softkey Example Set the attenuator to 500 mV div and set the timebase to 500 us div Position the trace in the bottom of the screen HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 73 This setup can be saved in memory as follows Turn the TRACK control until memory location s7 is selected Press the softkey save FRONTS Os6 Ss 5 The
48. UTILITY gt gt AUTOSET gt gt userprog This gives access to VERT TRIG and PROBE submenus where the selections are made The following table shows possible selections Unaffect means that existing selections are not overruled by AUTOSET Description Standard Userprog Menu AUTOSET alternatives UTILITY gt gt AUTOSET gt gt userprog gt gt Channel selection volt div on off unaffect VERT Input coupling ac dc unaffect VERT Input Impedance 1MQ 500 unaffect 2 VERT Bandwidth limiter off on unaffect VERT Triggering edge ac unaffect TRIG level pp on auto LEVEL MTB center Probe manual probe unaffect PROBE selection set manual probe to 1 1 selections 1 200 MHz models only FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 13 Key sequence AUTOSET off default userprog UTILITY AUTOSET SS CHANNELS scan VERT unaffect ac unaffect 1MQ 500 unaffect BWL on off unaffect UNAFFECT TRIG s PROBE 1 1 PROBE unaffect 576066 9303 Remote commands CPL AS Command for an Auto Setup Refer to Chapter 6 for full details Toggle softkey to activate userprog Toggle softkey to preset channels on off and input attenuator after AUTOSET Toggle softkey to preset input coupling after AUTOSET Toggle softkey to preset input impedance after AUTOSET Toggle softkey to preset reaction of bandwidth limiter after AUTOSET Toggle softkey to preset trigger settings after AUTOSET Toggle softkey to
49. actual setting of the front is now stored in memory location undo s7 The indication in front of eave C3 memory location number s7 7 TEXT p changes from an open circle to J LEAR closed circle 1_500 ITB 50015 1 To recall a previously stored setting Press the AUTOSET key The signal is displayed again with an amplitude of three divisions and with four periods Press the SETUPS key Use the TRACK control to select the same front number s7 as in the previous example Press the softkey next to recall The stored settings are recalled and the trace is displayed in the same way as when the setup was stored A STANDARD FRONT setup can be recalled at any time by pressing the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys simultaneously 4 74 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT SETUP TEXT LABEL In the setup menu each stored setups can be given a label of user defined text This is done in the submenu TEXT of the SETUP menu The cursor controls are used for editing text The TRACK control is used as cursor The A control is used for selecting the character SETUP RECALL A SEQUENCE You can create a sequence of setups by storing setups to successive locations e g 51 52 53 and clearing the next location e g 54 The AUTOSET key then can be programmed to step through this sequence This is very useful for semi automated manu
50. align the trace with the graticule Control for focusing of trace text and cursors O S GRATICULE ILLUMINATION Control for illumination intensity of measuring graticule SCREEN MESSAGES Description User messages show up in the center of the CRT viewing area Messages warn of incorrect settings and error conditions The following table shows the important messages Message Meaning Refer to function 7 ALWAYS PARITY IF 7 BITS Always parity in case of 7 bits Function REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 AUTOCAL approx4 min Indicates that autocalibration has started Function CALIBRATION AUTOCAL AUTOCAL NECESSARY Indication that scope is out of its specified temperature range and that an autocalibration is necessary Function CALIBRATION AUTOCAL AUTO SETTING Indicates that instrument performs an autoset Function AUTOSET 5 64 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTO SETTING USERPROGRAM CALIBRATION COMPLETED CALIBRATION ERROR CH 500 OVERLOAD DESTINATION PROTECTED FUNCTION ONLY IN ANALOG HARDCOPY ABORTED HARDCOPY BUSY DONE HARDCOPY DONE INVALID REGISTER SELECTION INVALID SELECTION KEY INACTIVE WHEN STOPPED NO AVERAGE IN ROLL MODE NO BATTERY BACKUP Indicates that instrument performs an userprogrammed autoset Function AUTOSET USERPROG Autocalibration is completed Function CALIBRATION AUTOCAL Autocal not successfully completed Function CALIBRATION AUTOCA
51. analog to digital converters ADCs each with a maximum sample rate of 100 MS s This allows two channels to be captured simultaneously in single shot mode with sample rates of up to 100 MS s for each channel The horizontal resolution is then 10 ns i e 1 100 MS s DOUBLE SAMPLING MODE FOR 200 MS s SINGLE CHANNEL ACQUISITIONS Input stage switching expands the capability of both ADCs so they can be interleaved allowing a maximum sample rate of 200 MS s on a single channel The entire acquisition memory can be used so that the record length for a single channel acquisition is can be equal to the full memory of the instrument i e 8K for the standard instrument and 32 K for an instrument equipped with Memory Expansion The interleaving is done by feeding the input signal of a single channel to both ADCs that are sampling at a phase difference of 5 ns GLITCH DETECTION The sampling rate of a DSO decreases when you lower the timebase setting As long as the glitch capture feature is activated the ADCs continue to sample at their maximum speed A fast digital circuit analyzes all of these samples at real time speed 100 MHz signal processing Only the maximum and minimum values i e an envelope of min max pairs are stored in memory Such a glitch detection circuit allows very narrow glitches to be captured even at low timebase settings and even if they occur only once The glitch capture circuit can also be used to avoid aliasing T
52. buttons in each of the vertical channel sections When the PATTERN condition is true for a specified amount of time the oscilloscope triggers FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 43 The time condition be set in the softkey menu enter exit if gt t1 if lt t2 range Glitch triggers when the pattern becomes true triggers when the pattern changes from true to false triggers when the pattern is true and its duration exceeds a specified time The TRACK control is used to adjust time limit t1 triggers when the pattern condition exists for a time which is shorter than t2 Triggering actually occurs when the pattern changes from true to false in a time shorter than t2 The TRACK control is used to adjust t2 triggers when pattern remains true for a time longer than t1 and shorter than t2 Triggering actually occurs when the pattern changes from true to false within the specified time limits The TRACK control is used to adjust t1 and the control is used to adjust t2 Refer to GLITCH TRIGGER function Key sequence TRIGGER state edge tv pattern TRIG logic glitch Toggle key to select the logic state for CH1 CH2 CH3 and CH4 Softkey pair to select the trigger source CH1 CH4 as clock input sar p RRA enter Vx if lt t2 Softkey pair to select the additional trigger condition 99 4 2 gt A Control to adjust the conditional time or the beginning of the range Control
53. buttons simultaneously to select the VARiable mode This mode is used to make fine adjustments of the input amplitude settings between the 1 2 5 steps When the VARiable mode is turned off the oscilloscope selects the nearest 1 2 5 value 4 VAR AJZ Enter the VAR mode by simultaneously pressing both AMPL keys Adjust amplitude with either AMPL key Observe that the sensitivity steps that can be selected are much finer than before and that the displayed amplitude is continuously adjustable Note VAR values are calibrated amplitude settings as well This enables you to make accurate measurements and readouts even when intermediate settings are used Adjust to 220 Press both AMPL keys to turn the VARiable mode off 4 18 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL CH1 CH2 Using two probes connect the Probe Adjust signal to Ch1 and Ch2 Press AUTOSET Both Ch1 and Ch2 are now displayed Adjust POS and AMPL to get a display as illustrated on the left below Press the CH1 CH2 key In the analog mode a third trace will appear on the screen This trace has twice the amplitude of the Probe Adjust signal The position of the third trace is affected by the position controls of both Ch1 and Ch2 The display mode is indicated in the screen as 1 2 RR CH1 CH2 gt
54. corner of the screen reads 100 mV div The amplitude of the signal is then 100 mV div times 6 div 600 mV CH1 100m V 50gmv4 AMPLidiv AMPLidiv 1 5 Try other sensitivity settings as follows Use the AMPL keys to step through the attenuator range Observe that the sensitivity readout changes in steps following a 1 2 5 sequence The AMPL keys allow you to step up and down through the sensitivities from 5 V div to 2 mV div and vice versa This sequence enables a quick selection between the oscilloscope s sensitivity positions and are such that almost every input signal can be made visible with sufficient amplitude Adjust to 100 mV A waveform with an amplitude of six divisions is displayed HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 17 VERTICAL AUTO RANGE ANG AUTO RANGE function results in an amplitude display of 2 to 6 divisions Press the AUTO RANGE key Observe that the amplitude of the signal changes from 6 divisions to 3 divisions In the upper right corner of the display ATT 1 is displayed This indicates that the AUTO RANGE function is active on input channel 1 Press the upper AMPL key once The AUTO RANGE function is switched off and the ATT 1 indication disappears The attenuator is now back in manual control VERTICAL VARIABLE AMPLITUDE AMPE Press both AMPL
55. factor is displayed in the DISPLAY menu At the same time the vertical deflection volts div in the bottom text area is adjusted X versus Y is an XY display capability in the digital mode It is similar to X deflection in the analog operating mode The TRACK control is used to select the source for vertical direction Y The source can be any newly acquired trace but it can also be a saved trace in a memory location e g m3 For horizontal direction X you can choose from any active channel or a signal saved in memory e g m3 1 as well FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 31 Horizontal source selection is made with softkeys sources must always be traces from the same register memory This is done to avoid errors because the traces have to be sampled simultaneously to give a useful and correct X vs Y display The TEXT submenu allows you to display user text as additional information in the viewing area This can be very useful when making photographs or hard copies on printers or plotters For a detailed description refer to the USER TEXT function The submenu is also used for on off switching of the trigger level indicators for MAIN TB DEL D TB and EVENT triggering and the ground level indicators for each channel INTERPOLATION determines if and how the spaces between sample points are displayed The choices can be dots samples only interpolation tuned off linear or sine interpolation activated Linear interpol
56. has a dedicated submenu for usertext See the USERTEXT function for more information Presettings for the remote control interfaces Refer to REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 and REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 Presetting for suitable printer or plotter and real time clock adjustment Settings for maintenance and repair such as tests and calibration data Data affecting the instrument s accuracy can only be changed by entering a password This is explained in detail in the Service Manual The UTILITY menu is reached via the UTILITY menu key The following figure shows the structure of the UTILITY menu related to instrument operation Key sequence UTILITY 5 Access to AUTOSET programming Access to PROBE functions ot Ld Access to UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND functions RS232 TEES SETUP REMOTE CONTROL when IEEE 488 option is present Access to interface settings REMOTE functions PRINT amp Polat Access to PRINT amp PLOT amp CLOCK settings menu y MAINTE Access to UTILITY MAINTENANCE functions for service technicians only y 576779 9312 FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 91 UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND Description The UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND menu is used to select on screen text trigger and ground level indicators and user text Settings for acoustic feedback beep and click are set in this menu The menu can be reached with the key sequence UTILITY gt gt SCREEN amp SOUN
57. key the AUTOSET key or the main timebase AUTORANGE key In VARiable timebase mode the AUTO RANGE function tries to keep the displayed trace unchanged Key sequence AUTO RANGE Toggle key to switch the AUTO RANGE function of main timebase and vertical channels 5 10 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTOSET Description The AUTOSET function sets the oscilloscope so that an optimum display of the input signals is obtained within the same mode analog or digital Operating the AUTOSET key results in Channels with an input signal are switched on others are switched off Input coupling is set to ac because of this autoset does not function at very low signal frequencies Input impedance is set to 1 MQ Input attenuator settings are optimized VAR function off Bandwidth limiter and INVert are switched off ALT or CHOP mode selected to most optimal display Vertical POS selection in center screen Edge triggering on positive slope is activated Trigger source is the channel with the lowest frequency at equal frequency the lower channel number is selected Trigger source is EXT TRIG input when a signal is present and Trigger View becomes active Trigger coupling is set to ac and level pp on Horizontal mode is switched to MAIN TB only Cursors and usertext are switched off settings display is switched on These settings are suitable for most signal conditions You can also customize AUTOSET to your own
58. mode the trigger system determines which part of the trace is acquired and placed in memory As in every other Digital Storage Oscilloscope signal acquisition through the ADC system is a continuous process until it is stopped by the trigger signal If nothing else would be done the signal placed in memory would be the signal prior to the trigger moment and the trigger moment would be displayed at the end of the screen For most oscilloscope users this would be confusing since most users were taught that the trigger point determines the beginning of a sweep as is the case for an analog scope Therefore in actuality a delay time equivalent to the time of one sweep length is added so that it appears as if the trigger moment is displayed at the beginning of the screen The TRIGGER POSITION control allows you to change the time delay between the trigger point and the digital acquisition If set to zero the acquisition is stopped after a time equivalent to one sweep length has been added so that the trigger point appears at the beginning of the trace Any of the inputs can be used as the trigger source The source is selected with the keys TRIG1 TRIG or EXT TRIG in the respective control sections The same keys are used to toggle between the positive and negative Y slope In the digital mode dual slope is available The oscilloscope must be set to REAL TIME ONLY yes in the TB MODE menu Dual slope triggering can be se
59. no full period 3rd mesial crossing last sample if no full period S n nth sample j lt n lt k FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 93 rms ROOT MEAN SQUARE VOLTAGE Measures the rms value within one period related to the ground level of the signal If no full period is present all input samples are included in the calculation rms x S n k j 1 where j st mesial crossing first sample if no full period 3rd mesial crossing last sample if no full period S n nth sample j lt n lt k min MINIMUM VOLTAGE Measures the minimum voltage level of the signal including undershoot It is calculated over all samples of the displayed signal min min S n where nth sample MAXIMUM VOLTAGE Measures the maximum voltage level of the signal including overshoot It is calculated over all samples of the displayed signal max max S n where nth sample pkpk PEAK TO PEAK VOLTAGE Measures the peak to peak voltage the difference between the absolute minimum voltage and absolute maximum voltage of the signal pkpk max min low LOW LEVEL Measures the low level of the signal The number of samples for each amplitude level is counted A peak in the number of samples at one level indicates the low level and is referred to 0 level If no such point is present e g sine wave it is equal to the minimum voltage high HIGH LEVEL Measures the high level of the signal
60. number Yrng Y range 65535 number dT corr dT correction 4688E 04 number N sample count 512 number Y 1 sample 1 9603 binary Y 2 sample 2 9612 binary YIN sample N 9599 binary The following definitions and formula s that enable you to interpret the data above The same definitions symbols and formula s will be used to describe the discrete mathematical functions of the MATH processing functions THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 39 Definitions A waveform can be described as a set of two one dimensional arrays S 1 N and T 1 N The index n corresponds with the number of the samples and is an integer value in the range 1 N The waveform of a sampled signal describes for a range of sample moments T 1 T N usually expressed in seconds the value of the signal at these moments S 1 S N usually expressed in volts A waveform is sometimes expressed in other units An FFT waveform for example gives for a range of frequencies T 1 T N expressed in Hz the signal amplitude of these frequency components S 1 S N expressed in dB Another example is the possibility to multiply an input voltage with a floating point value of another dimension Formula s S n S n is the value of sample n expressed in Y units Y units are usually expressed in volts S n Yz Y n Yr Yu Sensitivity Usually the sensitivity is expressed in volt div In the oscilloscope the range of the Y n values Yrng always equals 2 16 6
61. peak peak to peak low level high level The following time measurements are available frequency period pulse width rise time fall time duty cycle The delay measurements include the time delay between leading or trailing edges between any two channels or traces Channel or trace must be on the display MEASURE MEAS1 RMS Select volt measurements Turn the TRACK control to select rms Observe that the screen displays the result of the rms measurement ch1 rms V HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 51 MEASURE MEAS 2 FREQ Press the RETURN softkey to return to the MEASURE menu Turn on MEAS 2 MEAS 2 performs a frequency measurement on the same signal The screen displays this result as ch1 freq KHz Remove the Probe Adjust signal from channel 1 Because of the absence of an input signal no frequency can be measured This results in the display ch1 freq Hz MEASURE DELAY Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channels 1 and 2 Turn channel 2 Shiftthe signal on channel 1 to the upper half of the screen and the signal on channel 2 to the lower half of the screen Press the softkey next to MEAS1 The SELECT MEAS1 submenu is displayed Press the first softkey to select delay SELECT The delay measurement is MEAS 1 performed automatically vot Observe that the first delay measurement is linked to the f j CJ cha
62. proper ly trained personnel only Adjustment maintenance and repair of the exposed equipment shall be carried out only by qualified personnel 1 2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS For the correct and safe use of this instrument it is essential that both operating and service personnel follow generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions specified in this manual Specific warning and caution statements where they apply will be found throughout the manual Where necessary the warning and caution statements and or symbols are marked on the apparatus 1 3 CAUTION AND WARNING STATEMENTS CAUTION Is used to indicate correct operating or maintenance procedures in order to prevent damage to or destruction of the equipment or other property WARNING Calls attention to a potential danger that requires correct procedures or practices in order to prevent personal injury 1 2 OPERATORS SAFETY 1 4 SYMBOLS Read the safety information in the manual Earth C Conformit Europ enne oy Recycling information aw 1 5 IMPAIRED SAFETY PROTECTION The use of the instrument in a manner not specified may impair the protection provided by the equipment Before use inspect the instrument and accessories for mechanical damage Whenever it is likely that safety protection has been impaired the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation The matter should then be referred to q
63. result trace is stored as a new trace in a separate register This implies that the original waveform or trace is never disturbed by the process allowing you to experiment with different filter factors A typical use of this digital low pass filter is to suppress noise even after a signal acquisition Since the FILTER function is a post acquisition process it can also be used on single event waveforms Any newly acquired trace or previously stored trace can be used as the source for the filter process The result trace is automatically written in memory location m1 for MATH1 and m2 for MATH2 and instantly displayed on the screen For each sample point of the trace 1 cos X weighted sum is calculated over a window of N samples convolution N is adjusted with the A control The window value is displayed in the MATH FILTER PARAM menu The resulting cut off frequency is the result of the sample rate set by the time base and N The 3 dB point is displayed in the bottom area of the screen 5 36 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence MATH MATH1 2 TRACK Control to select the filter function from the MATH 1 or MATH 2 menu A O Control to select the source signal Toggle key to switch selected function on or off TRACK PARAM Control to select the number of samples for the filter window DISPLAY SOURCE yes no Toggle key to switch the display of the source trace on or off 576767 Remote commands
64. selected Once selected the results are automatically updated with each new signal acquisition and the result is displayed in the top left corner of the screen Measurements can be performed on live signals or signals stored in any of the registers It is possible to perform measurements on the part of the waveform between the two cursors This function is called cursor limited measurements and is turned on via the key sequence MEASURE gt gt CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST gt gt CURSOR LIMITED yes Cursor operation is done via the TRACK and A controls and via the CURSOR menu There are three measurement dimensions amplitude volt time and delay The lower part of the menu reflects the type of measurement selected 5 48 FUNCTION REFERENCE The following measurements are available volt dc rms min peak max peak pk pk low level high level overshoot positive and negative preshoot positive and negative time frequency period pulse width rise time fall time duty cycle delay channel to channel on leading or trailing edges Refer to the functions TIME MEASUREMENT VOLT MEASUREMENT and DELAY MEASUREMENT for more information Execution of these measurements can also be controlled by pressing the command switch on the measuring probe in the TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE mode Refer to the appropriate function for more information Appendix E gives the complete menu structure of the MEASURE menu All calculated measur
65. the screen shows the message HARDCOPY BUSY DONE and during a print or plot action all front panel keys except HARDCOPY are inactive Pressing the HARDCOPY key again stops the hard copy action Before continuing wait for the message HARDCOPY DONE 5 54 FUNCTION REFERENCE Interface The instrument is equipped with an RS 232 Interface as standard This interface can be used with an RS 232 printer or plotter The IEEE 488 2 Interface is available as factory installable option This interface can be used with IEEE 488 compatible printers or plotters For correct functioning correct interface parameters must be set This is done in the menu UTILITY gt gt PRINT amp PLOT amp CLOCK Press the IEEE RS232 softkey to select the IEEE or the RS232 interface Printer or plotter This selects the menu to set up a printer or plotter being used Printer type Supported printers HP2225 FX80 LQ1500 HPLASER 150 dpi HP540 DeskJet or compatibles The TRACK control is used to make the selection Plotter type Supported plotters HP7440 HP7550 HP7475A HP7470A HPGL Can be used to import screenplots in a suitable word processing files PM8277 PM8278 and dump m1 This selects a trace dump to arbitrary waveform generator PM5150 The dump action is started with the front panel key HARD COPY or PLOT Data transfer is possible via RS232 or IEEE option The TRACK control is used to make the selection Layout A submenu
66. to adjust the end of the range o gt 5 89 8a 88 5 44 FUNCTION REFERENCE MAGNIFY HORIZONTAL Description In the analog mode the MAGNIFY key pair switches between the normal trace and horizontal expansion of the trace by a factor of 10 The maximum timebase speed is then increased from 20 ns div to 2 ns div In the digital mode the same MAGNIFY key pair gives horizontal expansion of x1 x2 x4 up to 32 times for detailed viewing of captured signals This results in an expansion of the timebase range from 2 ns div to 62 5 ps div The MAGNIFY keys also allow horizontal compression of up to 32 times so that full records of 8K 32K optional can be displayed on a single screen without loss of information The current magnification factor is temporarily displayed on the screen when you are making a change When the magnify function is active the magnification factor is permanently displayed on the screen In both analog and digital modes the X POS control positions the trace with respect to the screen to display the part of interest When you adjust X POS a bargraph is temporarily displayed to show which part of the trace is currently being displayed B X Lok 2 2N 4 5 576672 Function of the timebase magnifier X POS control FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 45 Key sequence Key pair to adjust the horizontal magnification Analog mode
67. to do this Press the TRIGGER key once again Press the TEXT OFF key The TEXT OFF key operates in a 1 2 3 cycle and allows you to blank the bottom text line as well RIGGER MAIN TB cht i TEXT OFF levellpp EN YY CHI 200 ITB 2006 CH1 CHf 200mV Y 200us CH T TEXT OFF T6679 S Step 2 Use both methods to familiarize yourself with turning the menus and the bottom text line on and off GETTING STARTED 3 17 3 12 CURSOR OPERATION Cursors are used for accurate amplitude or time measurements of the signal gt 00000000 oooe O omm CURSORS TRACK E ST6431 9303 Figure 3 9 Cursor setup Step 1 Before you continue reset the instrument with the STANDARD SETUP To do this press the STATUS key and TEXT OFF key simultaneously Now the instrument is set in the default condition and operates in analog mode Step2 Press the AUTOSET key Step 3 Press the CURSORS key to enter the cursors menu The menu is now displayed on the screen and the cursors are turned on on off Step 4 Use the second blue softkey from the top to select za one of the three cursor modes Amplitude cur
68. to turn the TRIGGER POSITION control clockwise a positive delay between trigger point and acquisition is set The delay is no longer read out in divisions of pretrigger information but in seconds or fractions of seconds to indicate how much delay is used 3 16 GETTING STARTED 3 11 MORE ADVANCED FEATURES All basic functions are accessed by dedicated keys for fast and easy operation Some of the more advanced features are menu operated Menus are called up by pressing one of the keys identified with blue text on the front panel After you press one of these keys a menu is displayed on the right side of the screen This menu gives you access to the more advanced functions of the oscilloscope Use the blue softkeys to the right of the screen to select the desired functions the selected function is indicated by the highlighted text TRIGGER WITH MENUKEY TRIGGER C 0000 oJ o a nus o3 9505045095 9 9 Qe 000 gloosoo ST6433 SOFTKEYS 9303 Figure 3 8 keys and softkeys Step 1 Press the key marked TRIGGER Check that the TRIGGER MAINTB menu is displayed at the right side of the screen After changing the setting you can deactivate the menu again to use the full screen for the signal There are two ways
69. trace on the display even with no signal applied to the oscilloscope inputs Refer for a list of the standard setting to the section STANDARD SETUP FRONT PANEL RESET of Chapter 5 DISPLAY ADJUSTMENT Before going through the examples that introduce you to features of this oscilloscope adjust the display as follows Turnthe TRACE INTENSITY control for optimum trace brightness Turnthe TEXT INTENSITY control for optimum display brightness of the text m Adjust trace alignment with the graticule by using the screwdriver control TRACE ROTATION Turn the FOCUS control until a sharp trace is obtained You can turn the GRATICULE ILLUMINATION control to illuminate the graticule lines as desired TRACE INTENSITY TEXT INTENSITY TRACE ROTATION GRATICULE ST6156A HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DISPLAY LAYOUT The following illustration shows the layout of the display with a maximum amount of text Most text is active only when specific functions are activated MENU HEADER CHANNEL IDENTIFIER AND GROUND LEVEL CURSOR READ OUT l INDICATION CH1 1 UA CH2 2 EXT E C3 REGISTERS ere __ TRIGGER LEVEL INDICATION pr MTB T ER MAX 2 LINE EVENT E ES Ux B s SETTING
70. values are measured over the total number of acquisitions for that particular measurement and are updated instantly The statistic measurement values are as follows absolute minimum value absolute maximum value mean value Key sequence volt time MEASURE MEAS 2 425 TRACK A on off CURSOR CURSOR LIMIT amp LIMIT STATIST yes no STATIST on off 576770 9312 Remote commands Toggle softkey to select time measurements in menu MEAS1 or MEAS 2 Control to choose the time measurement Control to select the signal on which the measurement must be made Toggle softkey to switch the measurement on and off Toggle softkey to switch cursor limited measurements on and off Toggle softkey to switch the statist function on and off CPL QM Command to query a measurement Refer to Chapter 6 for full details 5 78 FUNCTION REFERENCE TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE MODE Description The TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE mode is a quick way to freeze the trace and to display four main measurements instantly This is done by pressing the COMMAND switch on the measuring probe of the required channel The four measurements are dc voltage level peak to peak value rms value and frequency The four values are displayed in the upper left corner of the screen This function is a fast and easy way of troubleshooting The COMMAND switch is always where it should be near the place to be meas
71. 20 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 10 20 30 40 50 60 Sod BoB oa as COUNT 512 PRINT Generating trace samples DIM WAVE 2 COUNT FOR I 1 TO COUNT Number of samples Display operator message Declare waveform array For all samples SAMPLE INT 19200 SIN I 40 744 Generate sine value LSB SAMPLE AND amp HFF Calculate Least Sign Byte MSB SAMPLE LSB 256 AND amp HFF Calculate Most Sign Byte WAVE 2 I LSB Put LSB in array WAVE 2 I 1 MSB Put MSB in array NEXT PRINT Transmitting trace administration Display operator message PRINT E PW 4l Program waveform m4 1 PRINT m4 l Trace name ignored PRINT Y_unit Volts PRINT X unit seconds PRINT WEST Y zero 3 V offset PRINT 8 625E 6 X zero ignored PRINT 18 13 3 Y resolution PRINT 1 6 X resolution PRINT 765535 Y range ignored PRINT E25 01 1994 Date PRINT 14321956800 Time PRINT pol SE 33 Delta T correction PRINT 505 Min Max trace off PRINT poe Mult shot tot PRINT 525 Mult shot nr PRINT prom mo Reserved field 1 2 ignored PRINT 1 COUNT Number of 16 bit samples GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge SUM 0 PRINT Transmitting trace samples Display operator message FOR I 1 TO 2 COUNT 72 bytes per sample PRINT 1 CHRS WAVE 1 S
72. 5535 which corresponds with 10 24 divisions on the screen This gives a maximum vertical resolution of 6400 levels per division Sensitivity is expressed in Y units division Sensitivity 6400 Yr Yu div Offset Offset is the vertical screen position of the signal ground level indicated by 1 excluding Y pos shift The offset can be adjusted with the front panel Y POS controls For calculated traces the offset can be adjusted with the delta controls in the MATHematics menu Offset is expressed in Y units volts Offset Yz Yu Note Traces can also be positioned with the Y pos control in the RECALL menu but this does not affect the offset The reason is that Y pos is a pure display function which therefore does not affect the signal sampling nor the calculation of a trace using a mathematics function T n T n is the sample moment expressed in X units X units are usually expressed in seconds Xz n 1 Xr dT corr Xr Xu 6 40 THE CPL PROTOCOL Time base Delay Notes In case of a sampled signal the horizontal scale is called the time base The time base setting is usually expressed in seconds division Without magnification or compression the oscilloscope always displays 50 samples per horizontal division Note horizontal scale as well as the FFT scale can differ In that case it is expressed in X units per division Time base 50 Xr Xu div Delay is the time d
73. AC DC GND coupling capabilities In VERTMENU each channel is set to 500 or 1 MQ input impedance 4 2 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT PM3390B 200 MHz 2 Channel Oscilloscope The PM3390B has the same capabilities as the PM3394B on the channels 1 and 2 The channels 3 and 4 are replaced by an external trigger channel This channel can only be used as an additional trigger input channel Signal manipulation as in the full channels 1 and 2 is not possible The external trigger signal can be displayed by using the function TRIG VIEW PM3384B 100 MHz Full Four Channel Oscilloscope Bandwidth is 100 MHz The PM3384B has the same capabilities as the PM3394B VERT MENU only offers BW LIMIT selection PM3380B 100 MHz 2 Channel Oscilloscope The PM3380B has the same capabilities as the PM3384B on the channels 1 and 2 The channels 3 and 4 are replaced by an external trigger channel as in the PM3390B VERT Menu offers only BWLIMIT selection PM3370B 60 MHz 2 Channel Oscilloscope The PM3370B has a bandwidth of 60 MHz All other features are equal to those of the PM3380B HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT FRONT PANEL LAYOUT AUTO SET DELAYED CONTROLS HORIZONTAL SCREEN DISPLAY AND OTHER CURSORS TIME BASE FOR DIGITAL AND TRIGGER CONTROLS AREA UTILITIES CONTROLS CONTROLS MODE CONTROLS 7 FRUT
74. AL REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS SHIELD SRQ NDAC DAV DIO4 DIO2 ATN NR FD E01 plo3 DI01 CH1 Y OUT BNC output socket with a signal derived from the Channel 1 input signal MAIN TB GATE BNC output socket with a signal that is high when the Main Timebase is running and low for the other conditions DTB GATE BNC output socket with a signal that is high when the Delayed Timebase is running and low for the other conditions EXT TRIG only in 4 channel models BNC input socket used as an extra external trigger input for the Main Timebase IEEE 488 2 BUS OPTION ot LOGIC GND Gi GND 10 IGND GND GND REN DIO7 DIOS 9 7 IND GND DIO8 DIO6 8 6 If installed you will find here the input output socket to connect the oscilloscope to an IEEE 488 interface The external conductor of the BNC sockets and the screening of the interface bus connectors are internally connected to the protective earth conductor of the three core mains cable The external conductor of the BNC sockets and the screening of the interface bus connectors must not be used as a protective conductor terminal OPERATORS SAFETY 1 1 1 OPERATORS SAFETY ATTENTION instrument is designed for indoor use only Read this page carefully before installation and use of the instrument 1 1 INTRODUCTION The instrument described in this manual is designed to be used by
75. ALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 2 1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 2 1 1 Protective earthing 2 1 2 1 2 Mains voltage cord mains voltage range and fuses 2 1 2 2 MEMORY BACK UP BATTERIES 2 3 2 2 1 General information 2 3 2 2 2 Installation of batteries 2 3 2 3 THE FRONT COVER 2 3 2 4 HANDLE ADJUSTMENT AND OPERATING POSITIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT 2 4 2 5 IEEE 488 2 IEC 625 BUS INTERFACE OPTION 2 4 2 6 RS 232 C SERIAL INTERFACE 2 5 2 7 RACK MOUNTING 2 5 2 8 diu eui E EXE 2 5 CONTENTS IX 3 GETTING 3 1 3 4 FRONT PANEL LAYOUT 3 1 3 2 SWITCHING ON THE INSTRUMENT 3 2 3 8 SCREEN CONTROLS 3 3 3 4 AUTO SETUP oor ental Aiea 3 4 3 5 MODE SWITCHING BETWEEN ANALOG AND DIGITAL OPERATING 3 6 3 6 VERTICAL 3 8 3 7 SETUP 3 11 3 8 MAGNIFY 3 12 3 9 DIRECT TRIGGER
76. AY J DISPLAY A A Y pos A Y pos x xxD x xxD X pos xx xxD 4 trace 7 trace 5 register RETURN 4 NEUE 1 SETUPS MENU STRUCTURE Appendix H SETUPS menu structure SETUPS CLEAR CLEAR Se SETUPS SETUPS TRACK SETUPS TRACK CONFIRM CONFIRM o 1 e S1 e s2 recall undo yes yes I save ARE YOU RUNE SURE 4 PROTECT TEXT 44 CLEAR amp 1 PROTECT no no E TRACK ST6746 9303 TB MODE MENU STRUCTURE J 1 Appendix J TB MODE menu structure Temone ANALOG TB MODE EVENT DELAY 1 7 auto on off o trig J J TRACK single COUNT 10220 1 CHANNEL 1 2 a ANALOG 1 N 1 499 8mV 1 P alt chop RETURN 4 1 L 1 i 1 mul DIGITAL TB MODE ACQ LENGTH ch 512 pts ch 2k pts 2ch 4k pts ich 8k p n 4 79 2 1 REALTIME NLY yes no EVENT DELAY ACQ LENGTH 1 OPTIONAL 976563 9303 K 1 TRIGGER menu structure Appendix K TRIGGER menu structure TRIGGER TRIGGER TB ANALOG TRIGGER 1 X only in SINGLE mode when REAL TIME ONLY in TB MODE menu is yes 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ANALOG MODE TRIGGER TRIG
77. Autoranging CombiScope Instrument PM3370B PM3380B PM3390B PM3384B PM3394B Users Manual 2 1 Nov 1998 mc AUTOSET CAL SETUPS UTILITY ANALOG ACQUIRE SAVE RECALL MEASURE MATH DISPLAY HARD COPY Ce OOCQO CGQQ9OOOODOOCOO STATUS qpacx CURSORS HOLD OFF TRIGGER MAGNIFY 4XPOSP x 6 9936 INTENSITY LOCAL RUNJSTOP FANGE SINGLE ARMD TRIGGER TRIGGER DELAYED TIME BASE DELAY POISITION LEVEL sTIME DIV ns MODE w VAR w TRACE LJ ROTATION VERT MENU ALT CHOP Pos Pos Pos Pos TRIG TRiG2 TRGS TRIG 0 0 AUTO 0 AUTO AUTO AUTO AMPL RANGECHIAGH2 AMPL RANGE INV AMPL RANGECHSACHY AMPL RANGE INV mi GRATICULE nl 4 ILLUMINATION T ACDC ACDC E ACDC D GND S 5 4 g E l v v v POWER Probe Adjust Bl a AMA 25pF TL a ST7721A FLUKE IMPORTANT In correspondence concerning this instrument please give the model number and serial number as located on the type plate on the rear of the instrument NOTE The design of this instrument is subject to continuous development and improvement Consequently this instrument may incorporate minor changes in detail from t
78. D The following selections are possible Trigger level indicators TRIG IND for MAIN TB and DEL D TB Level pp and TV mode must be off The horizontal marker is the level position Ground level indicators GND IND for each channel are visible only when channel is on The horizontal line is the ground level position MAIN TB int contrast between MAIN TB trace and intensified part is adjusted with the TRACK control USERTEXT leads to a submenu for usertext Refer to the function USERTEXT for more information The following audio signals are activated with the key sequence UTILITY gt gt SCREEN amp SOUND gt gt SOUND BEEP on off the signal sounds to indicate messages or AUTOSET CLICK on of the signal indicates operation of keys and rotary controls Key sequence TRIG IND SCREEN amp ff UTILITY SOUND Toggle softkey to display trigger level indication GND IND on off Toggle softkey to display ground level E indication BEEP SOUND on off 2 Toggle softkey to select warning signal CLICK on off Toggle softkey to select rotary control key Ly operation signal TRACK Control to adjust the intensity ratio in mtbi mode USERTEXT oe Access to editing menu for USERTEXT 576087 9303 5 92 FUNCTION REFERENCE VOLT MEASUREMENTS Description Voltage measurements can be made using the cursors or using automated calculated measurement routines Cursors oper
79. DIGITAL MODE ACQUIRE 7 ACQUIRE TRACK AVERAGE 256 PEAK on off ENVELOPE ono 1 CURSORS menu structure Appendix B CURSORS menu structure ANALOG EE ANALOG___ Cy SS DIGITAL CURSORS V1 V2 AV ratio AV 100 cursor cursor track track yes no yes no RETURN 4 i ST6567 1 9312 CURSORS menu structure B 2 CURSORS cursor track cursor track ST6567 2 9312 DISPLAY MENU STRUCTURE Appendix C DISPLAY menu structured DISPLAY ANALOG DISPLAY 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ANALOG MODE X DEFL on off 1 A SE 2 ch3 7 ch4 line d RETURN 4 DISPLAY edi l text gt DIGITAL MODE TEXT RETURN 4 TRIG IND on off GND IND 1 on off USER TEXT gt delete insert ENTER 4 ST6560 9303 D 1 MATHEMATICS MENU STRUCTURE Appendix D MATHEMATICS menu structure MATH MATH n MATH 2 m2 d filter acq on off PARAM i DISPLAY SOURCE Ex 1 Div WINDOW 21 3mU 31 D samples OFFSET 26 8mU RETURN 4 576748 9303 MEASURE MENU STRUCTURE Appendix E MEASURE menu structure MEASURE
80. ES 5 73 N 1 Readout 5 CURSOR READOUT 5 22 Real time clock 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 55 Recall 5 CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION 5 17 5 SETUPS oo ices REV des 5 67 Rise time 5 TIMEMEASUREMENTS 5 76 RMS voltage 5 MEASUREMENTS 5 92 RS 232 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 54 5 REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 5 59 Run bu 5 61 RS 232 cables N 1 FUNCTION INDEX 1 7 Refer to chapter function Page 5 Safety 1 OPERATORS 1 1 Sampling 5 TIMEBASE MODES 5 73 N 1 Save 5 SETUPS 5 67 Screen 5 SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE 5 62 5 SCREEN MESSAGES 5 63 5 UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND 5 90 Setting the clock 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 55 Setups 4 16 AUTOSET AND SETUP UTILITIES 4 70 b SOBEDUBSLEZI eI T A E 5 66 5 SETUPS SEQUENCE 5 68 Single shot 5 TIMEBASE MODES 5 73 Sound 5 UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND 5 90 Statistics 5 TIME MEASUREMENTS 5 77 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 93 Status 5 STATUS SCREEN 5 70 Subtract 5 ADDINVERT SUBTRACT 5 4 5 SUBTRACT MATHEMA
81. GER MAIN TB MAIN TB edge iva edge tv edge tv field 1 field 1 m field 2 Fo field 2 lines lines TRACK level pp LINE NBR on off 32 noise on off pos neg ac ds VIDEO SYSTEM P hf rej hdtv DIGITAL MODE TRIGGER MAIN TB TRIGGER TRIGGER MAIN TB MAIN TB ST6566 1 9303 level pp is then replaced by trigger gap 0 50 div TRACK TRIGGER menu structure pattern glitch glitch LHxH glitch LHxH enter enter exit exit 4 if gt t1 if gt t if t2 S if t2 i gt range range TRACK TRACK RANGE t X XXXMS X XXXMS xx xxms A A ST6566 2 9303 L 1 UTILITY menu structure Appendix L UTILITY menu structure UTILITY TRACK UTILITY UTILITY EDIT UTILITY SCREEN amp USER A SOUND SOUND TEXT AUTOSET gt TRIG ND on off peu GND IND 1 CLICK PROBE gt on off Space on off EO souno 1 TRACK REMOTE j MTBint o delete PRINT amp USER i PLOT amp CLK gt TEXT inset 1 MAINTE J REFER J 5 J NANCE SERVICE RETURN 4 RETURN 4 RETURN gt MANUAL UTILITY UTILITY UTILITY L amp PRINT amp PRINT amp PLOT PLOT PLOT printer printer printer plot plot clk p
82. IG1 and INV keys GETTING STARTED 3 11 3 7 TIMEBASE SETUP The next step is the adjustment of the main timebase controls TIME DIV X POSition and MAGNIFY keys soea MAGNIFY 4 8 oTo l KID 5 span ninm RANGE Ha o o 29 TIME DIV fi Qe Gm 2 ST6435 9312 Figure 3 6 setup Step 1 Press the AUTOSET key Step 2 Use the TIME DIV keys on the right hand side of the instrument to decrease or increase the number of periods of the signal on the screen 50015 100 Step 3 Select a timebase of 1 ms div Step 4 Press AUTO RANGE and see the signal display change to a more suitable timebase The AUTO RANGE function automatically selects a timebase that displays 2 to 6 signal periods Step 5 Press the ANALOG key to switch the scope to the analog mode Step6 Turn the X POS control to shift the signal horizontally left or right across the screen 3 12 GETTING STARTED 3 8 MAGNIFY EXPAND Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 NOTE You can use the MAGNIFY keys to expand the signal on the screen The MGN indication and the corrected timebase setting are displayed in the text li
83. ILITY SOUND TEXT f Toggle softkey to activate user text text has to be edited TRACK O Control to determine the position where A Control to determine the character to be added Softkey to make space Softkey to delete a character insert Softkey to insert a character 0 576055 Remote commands CPL PT command to program user text QT command to query user text Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 89 UTILITY MAINTENANCE Description The UTILITY MAINTENANCE menu is used to calibrate the oscilloscope and for repair and testing Calibration data is protected by a password and by operation of a pinhole switch that can be sealed Calibration is of vital importance for the instrument s high accuracy The menu is meant for calibration and for use by service technicians and is therefore not explained in this Users Manual An extensive description can be found in the Service Manual 5 90 FUNCTION REFERENCE UTIL MENU Description The UTIL menu is used to make presettings for instrument settings that do not need to be changed frequently The operation of the AUTOSET key For a description refer to the AUTOSET and AUTOSET USERPROG functions Selections in relation to probes Refer to PROBE UTILITIES function for details Amount of information in CRT viewing area and audio signals Refer to the UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND function The UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND menu
84. If your oscilloscope is equipped with the IEEE 488 2 interface it can be used in a bus system configuration The protocol used is SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments For setup information refer to the function REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 in Chapter 5 The IEEE 488 2 interface is a factory installed option INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 5 2 6 RS 232 C SERIAL INTERFACE Your oscilloscope is equipped with an RS 232 C interface as standard The interface can be used in a system for serial communication The protocol used is CPL Compact Programming Language CPL is a small set of very powerful commands that can be used for full remote control Detailed information about this interface and the CPL protocol is given in Chapter 6 in this manual For setup information refer to the REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 function in Chapter 5 Function Reference 2 7 RACK MOUNTING The rackmount kit PM 8960 04 allows you to install the oscilloscope in a standard 19 inch rack It is not necessary to open the oscilloscope itself to mount the rackmount kit Installation can be done easily by the user 2 8 VERSIONS The model number of your oscilloscope e g PM33 is indicated on the text strip above the CRT This model number is also represented by the digits 6 7 8 and 9 of the 12 digit code on the type plate on the rear panel The A or B series is indicated by a 1 or 2 on the 5th digit The instrument s serial number is also giv
85. L Input voltage at 50Q input impedance is too high Function INPUT IMPEDANCE MATH 1 2 is activated while register M1 2 is protected Functions ADD FILTER MATHEMATICS MULTIPLY and SUBTRACT Function activated in digital mode but is only present in analog mode Function ANALOG MODE Print or plot action has been aborted Function PRINTING AND PLOTTING Instrument is busy with a print plot action Function PRINTING AND PLOTTING Print plot or abort action has been done Function PRINTING AND PLOTTING Copying to the same register is not possible Selected source is not valid FunSELECTIONctions ADD FILTER MATHEMATICS MULTIPLY and SUBTRACT Pressed key is inactive when trace is frozen Function RUN STOP Average and Roll modes cannot be combined Function AVERAGE and TB MODE Battery backup not possible because of absence of batteries FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 65 ACQ TOO LONG NO DTB IN ROLL MODE NO ENVELOPE IN ROLL MODE NO EVENT DELAY DUAL SLOPE NO EVENT DELAY IN TV MODE NO IND WITH THIS COUPLING NOT PART OF X VS Y REGISTER PLEASE FIRST SWITCH TO DSO PLOT KEY ABORT PRESS 2 SEC FOR AUTOCAL PROBE DETECTED NO CHANGE Del d TB only possible at acquisition length of 512 sample points Functions ACQUISITION LENGTH and DELD TB Del d TB and Roll modes cannot be combined Function DEL D TB an
86. LEVEL control to adjust the level Turn the control The precise position in relation to the maximum signal amplitude between 100 and 100 is displayed on the screen SUMMARY The previous steps covered the basic adjustments Now you are ready to look at the special features of the oscilloscope This includes the use of the cursors advanced trigger functions and using the second delayed timebase for signal details GETTING STARTED 3 15 3 10 PRE TRIGGER VIEW One of the powerful features in the digital mode is the ability to capture and view signal contents prior to the actual trigger The amount of pretrigger information can be as long as one full acquisition record The trigger position is adjusted with the TRIGGER POSITION control Step 1 Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counter clockwise Now the triggering edge shifts to the center of the screen A trigger point marker s indicates the trigger point The part to the left of the marker is called pretrigger view The pretrigger view is indicated in the bottom of the screen in divisions TRIGGER POSITION 5 000 ST6686 PRE TRIGGER VIEW Step2 TRIGGER POSITION control can also be used to adjust time delay Rotate the TRIGGER POSITION control clockwise until the readout displays 0 When you continue
87. LL Inhibits front key STATUS LOCAL Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 61 RUN STOP Description The RUN STOP button operates in the digital mode only When the STOP function is active any new signal acquisition is stopped and the trace is frozen The status of the STOP function is displayed in the bottom right side of the screen With the acquisitions STOPped the following actions are still possible Plot actions Display changes also Y POS Cursor measurements Calculated measurements Mathematics and signal analysis Settings of the acquisition system actions that influence the contents of the register are not possible Data be saved in memory Front settings actions also recalls Pressing the RUN STOP key returns the oscilloscope to the acquisition mode that was in effect before the key was pressed Key sequence RUN STOP Key to stop the acquisition and to freeze the trace and to start the acquisition again 5 62 FUNCTION REFERENCE SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE Description The screen controls are located to the left of the CRT viewing area Brightness of trace s and text can be adjusted separately with the TRACE INTENSITY and TEXT INTENSITY controls Intensity of the trace s can also be determined by a voltage applied to the rear panel socket Z MOD Refer to Characteristics Chapter 1 of the Reference Manual for input amplitudes The FOC
88. MATHEMATICS Recalling settings from an empty memory location is not possible Protection of an empty front is impossible Function SETUPS Settings cannot be saved in protected memory location Function SETUPS Save settings in the std front is not possible Function SETUPS Set timebase to fastest Roll mode position Function MODE Maximum allowed traces is eight Ten complete front panel settings can be saved into a battery backed up memory This feature is useful for routine measurements Setups are stored in memory location labeled s1 10 These memories are accessible under the menu key SETUPS The menu structure is shown in Appendix H Selection of the memories s1 s10 is done with the TRACK control Memory location std is a factory stored set of standard settings that can be used to put the instrument in a defined state For a detailed specification refer to the STANDARD FRONT function FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 67 save The actual set of settings is saved the selected memory location recall The settings saved in the selected memory location become the actual settings undo The settings previous to the last recall action become active again CLEAR amp PROTECT in the CLEAR amp PROTECT SETUPS submenu PROTECT on off can be used to protect a memory location by prohibiting save actions to this location clear all the CLEAR amp PROTECT SETUPS submenu cl
89. MATICS MEASURE MENU MULTIPLY PEAK DETECTION POSITION POWER SUPPLY PRINTING AND PLOTTING PROBE UTILITIES REMOTE CONTROL RUN STOP SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE SCREEN MESSAGES SETUPS SETUPS RECALL SEQUENCE STANDARD FRONT FRONT PANEL RESET STATUS SCREEN SUBTRACT MATHEMATICS TB MODE TEXT OFF TIME MEASUREMENTS TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE MODE TRIGGER COUPLING TRIGGER DELD TB TRIGGER LEVEL TRIGGER MAIN TB TV TRIGGER USERTEXT UTILITY MENU UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND UTILITY MAINTENANCE VOLT MEASUREMENTS X DEFLECTION FUNCTION INDEX INDEX The overall index contains all function names and reference words in alphabetical order It refers to the relevant section and page number mainly of Chapter 5 Function Reference In this chapter more detailed information can be found Entry 500 1 MQ A Acquisition Add Adjusting the clock Alternate Analog Attenuator Autocal Automatic attenuators Automatic timebase Auto range Autoset Average B Bandwidth Bar graph C Calibration Channel Characteristics Checking Chop Refer to chapter function Page 5 5 41 5 INPUT IMPEDANCE 5 41 5 INPUT 5 40 5 TRIGGER COUPLING 5 79 5 ACQUISITION LENGTH 5 2 5 CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION 5 17 5 ADD INVERT SUBTRACT 5 4 5 ADD
90. MEBASE MODES Description The Main Timebase MAIN TB can function in three different modes AUTO TRIG or SINGLE The choice is mainly determined by the frequency of the trigger signal The modes are explained below AUTO In auto mode the MAIN TB always gives a display even when no signal is present It checks for the occurrence of the trigger signal for some 100 ms but if none is found it automatically starts a new sweep or acquisition On repetitive signals this mode is most common except for signal frequencies lower than 10 Hz where unstable displays will occur TRIG In the triggered trig mode traces are displayed only when the MAIN TB is actually triggered by a signal This mode is recommended for frequencies lower than 10 Hz because it assures a stable display The ARM D indicator indicates if no trigger occurs SINGLE In single shot mode the MAIN TB runs only once after a trigger Pressing the SINGLE key resets the scope for single shot operation the trigger level is automatically set to 0 5 division above ground indicated by T The ARM D indicator lights when the MAIN TB is waiting for a trigger MAIN TB armed The single mode is used to capture and observe photograph events that happen only once In the digital mode the single mode can be used in combination with pre triggering to observe and store single events along with signal information occurring before the trigger point Auto trig and single
91. ND The input coupling after AUTOSET is ac Since the Probe Adjust signal is a pulse type signal with a 50 duty cycle its mean value is at the signal s 50 amplitude level When the input is ac coupled the mean value will be displayed at the ground level of the oscilloscope As a result of this the displayed waveform is centered on the screen AC coupling can be used to examine small ac components that are superimposed on large dc voltages Press the AC DC GND key once for DC input coupling Since the Probe Adjust signal is a pulse type signal with a lower level of OV and a higher level of 600 mV and since the oscilloscope adjusts the display position of the ground level to coincide with the screen center switching from ac coupling to dc coupling results an upward shift of the display position of the signal The coupling sign in the lower left hand corner of the screen changes from ac to dc The ground level for each of the channels is indicated by a dash after the channel identifier i e 1 for the ground level of channel 1 0 5ms 600mV ov Input Signal T AUTO SET ag oc 2 A E i HE BHH AC DC m Les 2bon v _ 200 4 t AC Coupled DC Coupled GND Coupled Pr
92. OMPARTMENT TYPE PLATE Q CIC 0 0 i AA a 2 s s cee AC 2 THEMES 5 0000 0 YOUT ZMOD MTB EXT DTB SE TRIG STORAGE SPACE OPTIONAL FOR MAINS CABLE 577665 L ONLY IN 4 CH MODELS Figure 2 1 Rear view of the instrument showing the mains input fuse holder and back up battery compartment When the apparatus is connected to its supply terminals may be live and the opening of covers or removal of parts except those to which access can be gained by hand is likely to expose live parts The apparatus shall be disconnected from all voltage sources before it is opened for any replacement maintenance or repair Capacitors inside the apparatus may still be charged even when the apparatus has been disconnected from all voltage sources Any maintenance and repair of the opened apparatus under voltage shall be avoided as far as possible and when inevitable shall be carried out only by a skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 3 2 2 MEMORY BACK UP BATTERIES 2 2 1 General information Memory backup is provided to store the oscilloscope s settings when switched off so that the instrument r
93. OS QURE SAVE RECALL MEASURE MATT DISPLAY AARD TATU TRACK A HOLD OFF TRIGGER MAGNIFY 4 5 wir c O Of 0 2820 cun ong sTIME DIVns _ m Pos 5 Focus Berma Te re ee GE mu ILLUMINATION zpomy cht T er 8 0 aN AUG gU BO ad Ch omKO Stasi SOFTKEYS AND PROBE ADJUST VERTICAL CONTROL TRIGGER SOURCE EXTERNAL TRIGGER TEXT ON OFF OUTPUT AND CHANNEL AND SLOPE CONTROL AND CONTROLS SIGNAL INPUTS CONTROLS CHANNEL INPUT The controls on the front panel are grouped by function In this chapter a description for each group of controls is given in the following sequence Display and probe adjustment Analog and digital modes Vertical deflection Horizontal deflection and triggering Digital acquisition and storage Advanced vertical functions Advanced horizontal and trigger functions Memory functions Cursor functions Measurement functions Processing functions Display functions Delayed timebase Hard copy facilities AUTOSET and other utilities see section 4 2 see section 4 3 See section 4 4 see section 4 5 see section 4 6 see section 4 7 see section 4 8 see section 4 9 See section 4 10 See section 4 11 see section 4 12 see section 4 13 see section 4 14 see section 4 15 see section 4 16 4 4 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT Study t
94. RE MENU 5 47 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 91 Waveform parameters 6 6 36 Windows 5 DISPLAY 5 30 X X Deflection 5 DISPLAY 5 30 5 X DEFLECTION 5 94 X vs Y 5 DISPLAY 5 30 5 5 94
95. REFERENCE 5 83 Leveling in DEL D TB is adjusted with the A control It is activated in the triggered DEL D TB mode The range is from 8 8 divisions Trigger levels for MAIN TB and DEL D TB can be displayed Refer to the description of the UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND function M m TRIGGER TRIGGER LEVEL LEVEL CE TIME BASE RANGE TRIGGERED PEAK PEAK SIGNAL VALUE ie Re me NOR M lt ARMD level gt ACE Pace level off 576791 TRIGGER LEVEL control ranges level pp and off Key sequence TRIGGER LEVEL Control for MAIN TB trigger level level pp TRIGGER on off Toggle softkey to switch MAIN TB level pp on and off starts DTB trid d A Control for DEL D TB trigger level 576775 9303 Remote commands CPL TA Command for trigger Acquisition Refer to chapter 6 for more details 5 84 FUNCTION REFERENCE TRIGGER MAIN TB Description This section deals only with edge triggering of the MAIN TB For TV triggering Logic triggering or DEL D TB triggering refer to the appropriate sections In the analog mode triggering determines the start point of the MAIN TB sweep The sweep starts at the moment the signal crosses the trigger level in positive or negative direction The slope is selectable X as is shown in the figure below In the digital
96. REFERENCE 5 15 BANDWIDTH LIMITER Description The bandwidth limiter cuts the bandwidth of all vertical channels to 20 MHz and makes noisy input signals look smoother The bandwidth limiter does not affect triggering The following figure shows the effect of the bandwidth limiter 0dB Effect of bandwidth limiter 30B BANDWITH FREQ Key sequence BW LIMIT VERT MENU off Toggle softkey to switch the vertical bandwidth limiter on off 576556 9312 5 16 FUNCTION REFERENCE CALIBRATION AUTOCAL Description The CAL key is used to make a fine adjustment of the oscilloscope s input trigger and timebase circuitry to achieve high accuracy even under extreme environmental conditions such as very high or very low temperatures Ina workshop or laboratory environment a fine adjustment once a week or even every month is sufficient It is recommended that you do the fine adjustment after the instrument has warmed up For a complete calibration advised once a year or every 2000 service hours a special submenu is available in the maintenance menu Calibration data are protected by a keyword and a seal Calibration should be done by qualified personnel only For details refer to the chapter Calibration Adjustment Procedure in the service manual Attention Calibration autocal data disappears after having removed back up batteries while the oscilloscope is not powered by line Key sequence CAL
97. RETURN 4 UTILITY 1 UTILITY REMOTE RS232 SETUP SETUP TRACK J 1200 O BITS 7 8 IEEE TRACK parity 3 ADDRESS no odd 8 D even 4 3 wire J 7 wire J RS232 XON XOFF SETUP J of J RETURN 4 RETURN 4 M 1 VERTICAL MENU STRUCTURE Appendix M VERTICAL menu structure VERT MENU ST7412 9312 RS 232 CABLE CONFIGURATIONS N 1 Appendix N RS 232 Cable configurations This appendix supplies additional information about the RS 232 cable configurations between the oscilloscope and a connected device The oscilloscope and most of the devices are Data Terminal Equipment DTE configurated Communication lines TxD Transmitted Data RxD Received Data RTS Request To Send CTS Clear To Send DTR Data Terminal Ready DSR Data Set Ready Modem Ready DCD Data Carrier Detect S GND Signal ground F GND Safety ground A Cable to printer plotter controller with software handshake parameters ATTENTION NOTE 9 wire 7 wire 3 wire XON XOFF on off on OSCILLOSCOPE DEVICE DTE DTE SIGNAL 9 PIN 9 PIN 25 PIN female TxD RxD RfR DTR DSR 3 2 7 CTS 8 4 6 DCD 1 5 3 2 7 8 4 6 1 5 S GND Oo 0 00 00 0 0 F GND CASE CASE 5 6 The maximum Baud rate for the PM8277 8278 plotters is 4800 baud For a higher Baud rate you must use a hardware
98. RS uo Lys 5 19 5 CURSORS READOUT 5 22 D d c 5 INPUT COUPLING 5 40 DC voltage 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 91 Delay 5 DELAY Sr eL eth 5 24 Delay measurement 5 DELAY MEASUREMENT 5 26 Delayed timebase 4 14 DELAYED TIMEBASE 4 62 5 DELAYED TIMEBASE 5 27 5 TRIGGER DELD TB 5 81 Differential mode 5 ADDINVERT SUBTRACT 5 4 Digital mode 4 3 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODES 4 9 5 DIGITAL 5 29 Display 4 2 DISPLAY AND PROBE ADJUSTMENT 4 06 4 13 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 4 56 5 DISPLAY 5 30 Dual slope trigger 5 TRIGGER 5 84 dump m1 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 54 Duty cycle 5 TIME MEASUREMENTS 5 76 E Envelope 5 ENVELOPE 4205 5 33 Event delay 5 DELAY yee eh ene 5 24 Expansion 5 ACQUISITION LENGTH 5 2 5 RR EL RES N 1 External trigger 5 EXTERNAL TRIGGER 5 34 F Fall time 5 TIME MEASUREMENTS 5 76 Filter 5 T PES 5 35 Frequency 5 TIMEMEASUREMENTS 5 75 Front Aale ss Lor foco elas 4 2 5 STANDARD 5 69 FUNCTION INDEX 1 5
99. Reserved field 250 INPUT 5265 Reserved field 260 INPUT ARESSS Reserved field 270 INPUT RES4S Reserved field 280 INPUT COUNT Sample count 290 DIM WAVE 2 COUNT Declare waveform array 300 SUM 0 310 PRINT Reading trace samples Display operator message 320 FOR I 1 TO 2 COUNT 72 bytes per sample 330 WAVE 1 ASC INPUTS 1 1 Read each sample byte 340 SUM SUM WAVE 1 MOD 256 Calculate checksum 350 NEXT I 360 CHECKSUM ASC INPUTS 1 1 Read checksum 370 IF SUM lt gt CHECKSUM THEN GOTO 380 Test checksum 380 390 END PRINT Checksum error Display error message 6 38 THE CPL PROTOCOL Interpretation of waveform data As aresponse to the QW command the oscilloscope sends a set of data describing the waveform The following example shows the interpretation of that data The example assumes the Probe Adjust signal to be applied to input channel 1 For information about MATHPLUS refer to the supplement for the operation guide EXAMPLE Settings Attenuator 200 mV div Coupling DC Offset 1 5 div 300 mV offset Time base 200 us div Delay 2 50 div 500 us pre trigger view Display d CH1 200 200 2 50 Data SYMBOL PARAMETER VALUE TYPE Yu Y unit V string Xu X unit S string Yz Y zero 0 3 number Xz X zero 0 0005 number Yr Y resolution 3 125e 005 number Xr X resolution 4e 006
100. S READ OUT SYMBOLS 1 INVERT ON 1 2 CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 DC COUPLED INPUT 1 2 CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 AC COUPLED INPUT L 4 BWL BANDWIDTH LIMITER L GROUNDED INPUT ALT ALTERNATED DISPLAY OF TRACES PROBE CORRECTION ON CHOP CHOPPED DISPLAY OF TRACES 12 500 INPUT IMPEDANCE ONLY VISIBLE WHEN CHANGING SPECIAL FEATURES TEMPORARELY DISPLAYED Y ji Y v t MAGNIFY CHi 102 VAL 1 2 TRIGGER SOURCE 10 2 V Lz BWL MTB 1 15u5 MG f POS TRIGGER SLOPE EXT 10 1 VA DTB Ons 1 99 1 NEG TRIGGER SLOPE UHH 5 7679 CHANNEL SETTING TIME BASE DELAY TIME HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 7 MENUS TEXT OFF A menu appears when a key with blue text is pressed The menu functions can be selected by pressing the blue softkeys to the right side of the screen Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the DISPLAY key to activate the menu DISPLAY Each menu starts with a menu name which corresponds with the key that was used to select the menu This is sometimes followed by a second name of the softkey that initialized a submenu The windows function can be switched on and off by pressing the corresponding blue softkey indicates that a selection must be made with the TRACK control The arrow behind TEXT indicates that there is a submenu linear The bottom softkey switches toggles between the sine three functions
101. SETUP 3 13 3 10 PRE TRIGGER VIEW 3 15 3 11 MORE ADVANCED FEATURES 3 16 3 12 CURSOR OPERATION 3 17 3 13 MORE ADVANCED TRIGGER FUNCTIONS 3 19 3 14 MORE SIGNAL DETAIL WITH THE DELAYED TIMEBASE 3 20 3 15 TRACE STORAGE 3 22 4 HOW TO USE MORE ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT 4 1 41 INTRODUCTION obli b I DD EDS SA 4 1 4 2 DISPLAY AND PROBE ADJUSTMENTS 4 5 4 3 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODES 4 9 44 VERTICAL DEFLECTION 4 13 4 5 HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION AND TRIGGERING 4 22 X CONTENTS 4 6 DIGITAL ACQUISITION AND STORAGE 4 30 4 7 ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS 4 31 4 8 ADVANCED HORIZONTAL AND TRIGGER FUNCTIONS 4 34 4 9 4 39 4 10 CURSORS FUNCTIONS 4 44 4 11 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS 4 49 4 12 PROCESSING FUNCTIONS 4 54 4 13 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 4 57 4 14 DELAYED 4 63 4 15 HARD COPY FACILITIES 4 68 4 16 AUTOSET AND SETUP UTILITIES
102. TANDARD SETTING Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV The oscilloscope always operates in analog mode after a recall of the standard setting Press the AUTOSET key for optimum signal display ANALOG TO DIGITAL MODE SWITCHING Switching from analog to digital mode and vice versa can be done by pressing the yellow ANALOG key If no Digital mode only features were activated you can switch between the modes with no changes in the display Press the ANALOG key again The oscilloscope is automatically set in the digital mode This is indicated by a message DIGITAL that appears briefly on the screen 4 12 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE RUN STOP The digital mode offers a set of powerful features One of the most important advantages is that you can store one or more traces in memory or on screen Press the RUN STOP key to stop the signal acquisition and freeze the display on the screen The trace is frozen and stays on the screen Observe that the signal stays stored even when you remove the probe Now the instrument has been STOPped and most keys have been disabled The only keys that continue to function are those directly related to display functions This includes trace shift using the POS control All measurement functions
103. TB and DEL D TB Key sequence TB MODE auto trig single Softkey pair to select between auto trig single and multi multi optional ROLL on off ROLL Toggle softkey to switch ROLL on and off TRIGGER yes ne Toggle softkey to stop acquisition in ROLL mode on a trigger REALTIME a ONLY Er yes no Toggle softkey to inhibit random sampling mode ARM D e Key to reset MAIN single shot mode with ARMPD indicator Remote commands CPL AT has same result as the operation of the SINGLE key Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 75 TIME MEASUREMENTS Description Time measurements can be made using the cursors or using automated calculated measurement routines Cursors operate in the analog mode as well as in the digital mode Calculated time measurements are available in the digital mode only Using the cursors three time interval readouts can be selected AT gives the time interval seconds between the cursors 1AT gives an inverted readout of the time interval and is read in Hz AT ratio gives a percentage 96 that can be reset by using the AT 100 softkey For more details refer to CURSORS READOUT In the digital mode the MEASURE menu accesses automatic time measurements This menu is reached via the key sequence MEASURE gt gt MEAS 1 2 gt gt time The TRACK control us used to select the type of measurement and the A c
104. THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 7 AUTOSET AS Purpose To start the AUTOSET function With this command the oscilloscope will select the optimum settings volts time base trigger mode etc for the connected signal s The AutoSet AS command performs the same function as pressing the front panel AUTOSET button Command AS CR Response acknowledge CR Note The lt acknowledge gt will be sent after the AUTOSET has been fully completed Example 100 PRINT 1 AS Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 6 8 THE CPL PROTOCOL ARM TRIGGER AT Purpose Will reset the timebase and rearm the triggering for a new timebase trigger Issuing this command during a time base sweep will immediately stop the sweep reset the timebase and rearm the triggering The Arm Trigger AT command performs the same function as pressing the frontpanel SINGLE ARM D button Command AT CR Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 AT Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 9 CALIBRATE CL Purpose To start the internal Auto Calibration procedure This procedure optimizes the input trigger and time base circuitry of the oscilloscope This calibration takes approximately one minute and completion is signalled by the acknowledge The Calibrate CL command performs
105. TICS 5 71 T Text 5 DISPLAY 5 31 b TEXT OFF ER ESI 5 74 5 USERTEXT uit REX See 5 88 Timebase 5 5 75 5 DELAYED TIMEBASE 5 27 Time cursors 5 CURSORS ein 5 19 Time measurements 5 CURSORS READOUT 5 22 5 MEASURE MENU 5 47 5 TIME MEASUREMENTS 5 77 Time to trigger 5 CURSORS READOUT 5 22 Touch Hold amp Measure 4 11 TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE MODE 4 52 5 TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE MODE 5 78 Trace 5 CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION 5 17 Trace separation 5 DELAYED TIMEBASE 5 28 Trigger 5 TRIGGER COUPLING 5 79 5 TRIGGER DELDTB 5 81 5 TRIGGERLEVEL 5 82 5 TRIGGER 5 84 Trigger position 5 DELAY ekle 5 24 Trigger View 5 EXTERNAL TRIGGER 5 34 T trg 5 CURSORS READOUT 5 22 TV 5 5 86 1 8 FUNCTION INDEX U User text 5 USER TEXT wie 5 87 V Vertical deflection 4 4 VERTICAL DEFLECTION 4 13 Vertical functions 47 ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS 4 29 Vertical magnify 5 DISPLAY 5 30 Volt cursors 5 CURSORS e diu cue ue ae 5 19 Volt measurements 5 CURSORS READOUT 5 22 5 MEASU
106. TRACE STORAGE CLEAR You can also clear a memory location Select location m2 Press the clear softkey This clears memory location 2 This is indicated by the open circle HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 41 TRACE STORAGE COPY A trace can be copied from one memory location to another Press the COPY softkey The COPY MEMORY is now displayed The source FROM and destination memory locations can be selected in this submenu Turn the TRACK control to select m3 as source from Turn the A control to select m2 as destination to Press the copy softkey The contents of m3 have now been copied into m2 without destroying the data in m3 4 42 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE RECALL If you completed all of the previous steps three memory locations occupied by trace information You can display these stored traces at any time and in any combination Press the RECALL key Turn the TRACK control to select m1 Press the DISPLAY on off softkey to display m1 Observe that the stored trace on memory location m1 is displayed and that the circle before m1 is solid An open circle indicates an empty memory location A circle with a dot indicates that there is a trace stored but it is not displayed A solid circle indicates trace data in memory are displayed on the screen Empty memory locations cannot be displayed You can shift traces sepa
107. The DELAY control adjusts the delay between the start of the MAIN TB and DEL D TB sweep Refer to the TRIGGER DEL D TB function for more details The DEL D TB time scale is adjusted in steps with the delayed timebase TIME DIV key pair 5 28 FUNCTION REFERENCE In the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu which is selected with the DTB key the delayed timebase can be switched on This is done with the first softkey called DELD TB on off Once activated the delayed timebase trace is displayed The main timebase trace can be switched off using the MAIN TB on off softkey If both main and delayed time bases are displayed you can separate them by using the TRACE SEP function DELAY DTB START DIRECTLY AFTER DELAY TIME STARTS DELAY TIME Function of mtb dtb DELAY and TRACE SEP TRACK 576750 Key sequence DEL DTB ff Toggle softkey to switch the delayed timebase on or off MAIN TB on off Toggle softkey to switch the main timebase or off TRACK Control to adjust the vertical distance TRACE SEP between MAIN TB and DEL TB traces S TIME DIV ns K CD Key pair to adjust the DEL D TB time scale 577356 9303 DELAY Control to adjust delay time between start of MAIN TB and DEL D TB sweeps FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 29 DIGITAL MODE Description The yellow ANALOG key is used to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time The signal acquisition
108. Time Base MTB The External Trigger input chargacteristics are simular to those of the input channels 1 and 2 The input has probe range indication detection and two attenuator positions 0 1 V div and 1 V div If External is selected as trigger source the same trigger modes Edge TV and Glitch are availlable as for the trigger sources CH1 and CH2 When the External Trigger input is selected as trigger source the signal on this input can be made visible by pressing the function key TRIG VIEW When another Trigger source is selected Trigger View is automatically switched off Trigger View can be used in Single and Multiple shot in timebases up to 10ps div In the other timebase modes Trigger View automatically selects Alternating mode for timebases faster than 10us div This result in the simultaneous acquisition of the External Trigger input Key sequence EXT TRIG Key to select the external trigger input as trigger source Selects trigger slope when External trigger is selected TRIG VIEW Key to turn on and off the display of the external trigger signal Toggle key to switch between the attunuator settings 1 V div and 0 1 V div FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 35 FILTER Description The FILTER function is a waveform MATH function It is a post acquisition algorithm which can be used to simulate the effect of a low pass filter process on a trace The cut off frequency of the low pass filter can be adjusted and the
109. US control is used to optimize display sharpness A graticule is a provided with 1cm x 1cm divisions Each vertical centimeter equals the indicated channel sensitivity A horizontal centimeter equals the indicated timebase setting The graticule has 0 10 90 and 100 lines that can be used for risetime measurements For these the signal peaks are exactly positioned on the 0 and 100 lines The risetime of the pulse is readout between the 10 and 90 lines as shown in the following figure Intensity of graticule illumination is controlled with the GRATICULE ILLUMINATION control Trace alignment is done with the screwdriver operated TRACE ROTATION control eRILLIANCE 1 xum mE BRILLIANCE 71 Screen controls and function of MS n A A T17 TRACE ROTATION gt lt DISPLAY SHARPNESS A Y ATESA rm SER A MESES i we EXT GRATICULE i IE Ipzmi ILLUMINATION 1 Rise time measurement using the graticule 4217 FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 63 Key sequence TRACE INTENSITY Control for trace intensity O TEXT INTENSITY Control for text intensity O TRACE ROTATION Srewdriver operated control to
110. XT OFF keys simultaneously Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press the AUTOSET key HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 45 CURSORS ON OFF There are two sets of cursors amplitude cursors and time cursors Amplitude cursors are two horizontal lines and Time cursors are two vertical lines The dashed lines are referred to as reference cursors and the dotted lines are referred to as delta A cursors Cursor measurements can be made in both operating modes of the instrument Amplitude and time cursors can be displayed at the same time Press the ANALOG key to set the scope in mode Press the CURSORS key to enter the cursors menu The menu is now displayed Time cursors are selected by default In the digital mode two x s mark the actual measuring point where the cursors intersect with the signal In the analog mode these x indicators are not available CURSORS TIME Using the TRACK and A controls you can adjust the position of the cursors The time and amplitude difference between the cursors is read in the top of the screen Cursor readout parameters can be changed and are selected via the CURSORS READ OUT softkey on off Turnthe TRACK control and observe that both cursors cht move chi ATE 35ltus 584mV Turn the Delta A control and observe that o
111. ace with amperes over time The resulting trace is expressed in watts and gives the power over time After integration this gives the Pulse Power in joules THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 41 RESET INSTRUMENT Purpose Resets all of the software of the oscilloscope including the CPL protocol handler and all of the input and output buffers Oscilloscope settings remain the same Interface parameters are not changed in order to keep the communication alive When the Reset has been completed the oscilloscope responds with an lt acknowledge gt There is no frontpanel equivalent for this command Command RI CR Response acknowledge CR Note acknowledge will be sent after the Reset has been completed Example 100 PRINT 1 RI Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 6 42 THE CPL PROTOCOL RECALL SETUP RS Purpose To recall an internally stored setup from one of 10 setup registers This setup must have been stored in the oscilloscope manually or with the Save Setup SS command The command performs the same as the frontpanel key SETUPS together with the softkey RECALL Command RS pds setup reg CR lt setup reg gt represents the setup register number ranging from 1 10 Response acknowledge CR Note acknowledge will be sent after the internal setup has been complete
112. and measurement equipment VI INITIAL INSPECTION Check the contents of the shipment for completeness and note whether any damage has occurred during transport When the contents are incomplete or there is damage file a claim with the carrier immediately Then notify the FLUKE Sales or Service organization to arrange for the repair or replacement of the instrument or other parts FLUKE addresses are listed in the back of the REFERENCE MANUAL The following parts should be included in the shipment Service ordering number or model number 1 Oscilloscope PM3370B PM3380B or PM3390B PM3384B or PM3394B 1 Front cover 5322 447 70121 1 Users Manual 1 Reference Manual 1 Line cord European type or 5322 321 21616 1 Line cord North American type or 5322 321 10446 1 Line cord British type or 5322 321 21617 1 Line cord Swiss type or 5322 321 21618 1 Line cord Australian type 5322 321 21781 2 Probes 10 1 2 Batteries AA LR6 1 Spare fuse 3 15 AT 4822 070 33152 located inside fuse holder The performance of the instrument can be tested by using the PERFORMANCE TESTS in the REFERENCE MANUAL VII INSIDE THIS MANUAL This operating guide contains information on all of the oscilloscope s features It starts with a general introduction a summary of main capabilities initial inspection note and a front and rear view Operators safety Installation instructions Getting started How to use more advanced fu
113. and display functions of both operating modes are very similar However the nature of the signal used or the choice of the measurement may determine when it is best to use the digital mode Digital storage is used for the following recording of single events or very low frequencies e pretrigger and posttrigger view glitch triggering Saving recalling and comparing multiple traces automatic measurements Signal mathematics Signal analysis making hard copies plot print digital mode offers the convenience of the auto range function for the vertical channels and the main time base The same waveform is usually displayed in the same manner regardless of the operating mode selected However some functions are not implemented in both modes In the analog mode for instance no pretrigger information can be made visible If switching from one mode to another results in an unsatisfactory display press the yellow key once more to return to the previous situation Key sequence ANALOG Cy Toggle switch to switch between analog mode and digital mode 5 30 FUNCTION REFERENCE DISPLAY MENU Description The DISPLAY menu offers a set of powerful display functions for the analog mode and the digital mode In the analog mode the scope can be set to the X DEFLECTION mode In this mode XY displays can be generated from a combination of any of the input channels for X and Y while the analog timebase generator
114. aph moves as you use the XPOS control Press the RUN STOP key Observe that the MAGNIFY key and the X POS control can still be used after the acquisition has STOPped This allows you to look at signal details even after the signal has been acquired Press the RUN STOP key TRIGGERING Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Press AUTOSET 4 26 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER SOURCE Press the TRIG 2 key in the CH2 section of the front panel to select channel 2 as trigger source The indication in the lower right hand readout area of the screen now displays ch2 Observe that the signal is not triggered The ARM D LED is on Press the TRIG 1 key in the CH1 section of the front panel to select channel 1 as trigger source Observe that the indication has now changed into ch1 and the signal is triggered again TRIG2 TRIG C 2 PER CH1 hn ICH1 in1T TRIGGER SLOPE TRGI trigger source selection key is also used to select the trigger slope between the positive and negative going edge of the triggering signal Pressthe TRIG 1 key in the CH1 section of the front panel a second time Observe that the signal now starts with the trailing edge instead of a leading edge Also the trigger slope symbol in the lower right hand corner of the readout area indicates a trai
115. application or preference For information about AUTOSET programming refer to AUTOSET USERPROG Key sequence AUTOSET a Key to start the autoset Remote commands CPL AS Command for Auto Setup Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 11 AUTOSET SEQUENCE Description If front panel settings are stored in memory locations s1 to s5 and s6 is cleared then the range of s1 to s5 becomes a sequence of front panel settings Such a sequence can be used as part of a step by step testing procedure The two following methods can be used to quickly step through such a sequence This saves time by not without having to recall each setting from a menu Programming the AUTOSET key to be used as the recall next setup key This selection is done in the UTILITY gt gt AUTOSET menu Using aspecial probe with a COMMAND switch Two probes with COMMAND Switch are delivered with each oscilloscope as standard accessory The appropriate mode for this probe command can be selected in the UTILITY gt gt PROBE menu To return to the normal oscilloscope mode press the STATUS and TEXT OFF key simultaneously to recall the STANDARD SETUP 5 12 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTOSET USERPROG Description A number of instrument settings after AUTOSET can be customized to your special needs when the standard default settings do not fit on your application The selections are reached via the key sequence
116. ar character Ey 37 39 ASCII characters amp 40 47 ASCII characters 48 57 ASCII characters 0123456789 58 64 ASCII characters lt gt 65 77 ASCII characters ABCDEFGHIJKLM 78 90 ASCII characters NOPQRSTUVWXYZ 91 95 ASCII characters _ 96 Menu selection indication 97 109 ASCII characters abcdefghijklm 110 122 ASCII characters nopqrstuvwxyz 123 Menu return indication 124 character 125 and 126 Menu rocker key up and down characters 127 Control up down character amp 128 255 Control up down character conform char 127 Table 6 1 Character code table for oscilloscopes THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 21 Examples of user text 1 Program the following user text to be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope Measurement 15 100 PRINT 1 PT Program user Text command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 PRINT 1 Measurement 15 Send user text 130 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 2 Inthe next example user text containing non keyboard characters 0 25 decimal and s 2125 decimal is programmed to be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope e g Ohm Q Up s 100 PRINT 1 PT Program user Text command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 PRINT 1 Ohm CHRS 25 Up CHRS 125 Send user text 130 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge Example of setup text Program the following text to set up register 7 of the oscillosc
117. are still operable A frozen trace can be used for comparisons with other traces mathematics cursor measurements automatic measurements and more The RUN STOP key is used to end the STOP mode and start the aquisition again Press the RUN STOP key This starts the acquisition again so that the actual input signal is displayed You can use the RUN STOP key at any time RUN STOP RUNNING FROZEN Sese NOTE The following section explains the basic functions regardless of operating mode The oscilloscope will react almost identically in either mode Where necessary different behavior will be explained HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 13 4 4 VERTICAL DEFLECTION MENU AVERAGE section shown on the left contains all direct vertical deflection controlls for the input channels 1 and 2 Refer to Section 4 1 for the differences between model numbers To start this section with the settings ina predefined state you must recall the standard setting STANDARD SETTING Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press the AUTOSET key 4 14 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL COUPLING AC DC G
118. ate in the analog mode as well as in the digital mode Calculated volt measurements are available in the digital mode only Using the cursors three voltage readouts can be selected AV gives the voltage difference between the cursors V1 amp V2 gives the absolute voltage with respect to ground for each cursor AV ratio gives a percentage that can be reset by using the AV 100 softkey For more details refer to the section CURSOR READOUT In the digital mode the MEASURE menu provides automatic voltage measurements This menu is reached via the key sequence MEASURE MEAS 1 2 volt The TRACK control is used to select the type of measurement and the A control is used to select the waveform The result of the measurement is displayed in the top left corner of the screen nie PRESHOOT OVERSHOOT 12 Hian The following RMS measurements are possible Refer to section MEASURE MENU for details of signal LOW parameters 4 4 UNDERSHOOT T6670 DC VOLTAGE Measures the absolute dc level related to the ground level of the signal This is the average voltage of all samples in one period If no full period is present all input samples in the signal are included in the calculation dc 1 where j 1st mesial crossing first sample if
119. ation is the default The following description applies dots The space between the sample points is blanked Only the real samples are shown linear The space between the sample points is interpolated linearly Straight lines are drawn between sample points sine The space between the sample points is interpolated using a sine wave interpolation algorithm This mode is used to obtain a more accurate display of mainly sinusoidal signals which were undersampled Key sequence DISPLAY X DEFL Softkey to select the X DEFLection mode refer tothe X DEFLECTION function in analog mode only WINDOWS DISPLAY on off Separates the displayed signals and sets them in a window in digital mode only VERT DISPLAY MAGNIFY Softkey to turn on the vertical magnification in digital mode only TRACK Control to determine the magnification factor 576784 9303 FUNCTION REFERENCE DISPLAY X vs Y DISPLAY TEXT dots linear sine DISPLAY 576755 9303 off 0 TRACK X SOURCE i 576785 9303 TRIG IND on off GND IND on off USERTEXT 576786 Softkey to select the X vs Y mode see function X DEFLECTION in digital mode only Control to select the Y source Softkey to select the X source Toggle softkey to display trigger level indication Toggle softkey to display or blank ground level indicators Access to editing menu for USERTEXT refer to the USER
120. bles the user to synchronize the display rate to the signal being examined This eliminates the problem of double triggering on pulse train information as shown in the figure For most signals the hold off must be minimal 0 so that the sweep repetition rate can be the highest permitted by the trigger signal Turning the HOLD OFF control clockwise increases the hold off time When the hold off time is set longer than is necessary to synchronize the signal loss of light output will result In the digital mode the variable hold off time serves a similar function and the extra time is used for processing previously captured data In digital mode triggering on certain pulses can be achieved via the logic trigger mode pattern For details refer to the LOGIC TRIGGER function 5 38 FUNCTION REFERENCE 2 1 2 1 2 SIGNAL TRIG TRIG TRIG SWEEP HOLD OFF HOLD OFF HOLD OFF no triggers no triggers no triggers accepted accepted accepted WAVEFORM 1 ON SCREEN 1 2 1 2 1 2 SIGNAL TRIG TRIG TRIG WAVEFORM 2 ON SCREEN DOUBLE TRIGGERING Using HOLD OFF to suppress double triggering Key sequence HOLD OFF O Control to adjust MAIN TB hold off time FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 39 INPUT ATTENUATOR MANUAL AUTOMATIC Description The oscilloscope s input has a wide range of sensitivities This enables signals of different amplitudes to be display
121. cal direction Y is selected by the TRACK control It can be the acquired trace or a saved track in a memory location e g m3 For horizontal direction X you can choose from an active channel signal saved in memory e g m3 1 Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the DISPLAY key Press the X vs Y softkey Press the on off softkey to turn it on Press the X SOURCE softkey to select ch1 Now two horizontal lines Ch 1 against Ch 2 are displayed Horizontal deflection is determined by the Sab aban Se che od amplitude of the sine wave The X vs Y submenu displays the selection menu for the X and Y sources Observe that you can select the Y source REGISTER using the TRACK control Use the softkeys to choose the X source Remove the signal from channel 2 4 60 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DIGITAL DISPLAY VERT MAGNIFY In the digital mode the displayed signal can be expanded vertically after it has been captured This allows you to look to signal details Please note that the magnified representation of the signal has the same resolution as the originally acquired signal Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press AUTOSET Remove the probe tip from the Probe Adjust output Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control to mid screen counterclockwise Press the SINGLE key to prepare the scope for a sing
122. can be chosen in the menu under the TB MODE menu key In the digital mode the TB MODE menu is expanded to include MULTI only with the optional functions installed ROLL and REAL TIME ONLY mode FUNCTION REFERENCE ROLL REAL TIME ONLY Part of MATH option Refer also to MATH Users Manual The MULTIple shot mode enables a number of single shot acquisitions to be made in rapid succession It is basically the same as SINGLE but with automatic rearming following each acquisition Each acquired waveform is stored in a different memory location In the ROLL mode the MAIN TB can be used with sweep speeds from 200 ms div down to 200 s div Initially the trace fills the screen from the right to the left Once the screen is full the trace flows through the screen from left to right When ROLL is selected the TB MODE menu provides a STOP ON TRIGGER choice If this is set to off the trace flows through the screen continuously until you press the STOP key If STOP ON TRIGGER is set to on the trace stops when the scope is triggered and the trigger point reaches the left of the screen In the digital mode the scope operates in random sampling mode for sweep speeds 200 ns and faster Setting REAL TIME ONLY to on means that these MAIN TB positions are inhibited This measuring errors on signals that are not truly repetitive or identical REAL TIME ONLY also inhibits alternating acquisitions of MAIN
123. ch memory location can hold a maximum of one of the following 4 3 waveforms of 512 samples 3 waveforms of 2K samples 4 3 2 2 waveforms of 4K samples 1 1 TRACE 1 waveform of 8K samples MEMORY The number of stored waveforms depends on PES ee the selected acquisition length and the number acq i ch2 of channels that were active at the moment of mi ext the acquisition E To switch single traces on and off instead of a ms total register the bottom key in the RECALL i menu can be used to select TRACE instead of REGISTER RECALL menu is then trace me 2244 oriented instead of register oriented m7 mea ms m8 2 Example changes in m1 1 and 1 2 Uc m8 ext representing the labels for the ch1 sT7700 trace in m1 and the ch2 trace in m1 respectively Label m1 e is for the External Trigger input signal in m1 5 18 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence ON Key to switch a channel ON or OFF RecaLL TRACK Control to select a register or a trace to be recalled from memory DISPLAY on off Toggle softkey to turn the display of the selected trace or register ON or OFF trace register Toggle softkey to deselect traces or deselect registers 576557 9303 CONFIDENCE CHECK Description After turning the oscilloscope on a confidence check starts automatically The following is teste
124. ct between the start of AUTOSET performing a TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE selecting the next setup or switching between analog and digital mode For non Fluke probes or probes without an indication ring the attenuation factor can be programmed As a result the combined input sensitivity of the probe and oscilloscope is given in the readout area The selections in the UTIL PROBE CORR menu are reached via the key sequence UTILITY gt gt PROBE gt gt PROBE CORR Attenuation factors 1 1 10 1 20 1 50 1 and 100 1 can be selected This can be done for each channel individually Key sequence autoset setups q meas UTILITY PROBE CA Softkey pair to select oscilloscope s reaction on pressing pushbutton on probe 7 ext CoRR A Softkey pair to select for which channel the 7 probe attenuation is valid ch1 ch2 ch3 ch4 or Ext Trig Softkey pair to select probe attenuation factor Pag TZ 4 4 10 1 20 1 5 58 FUNCTION REFERENCE REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 Description An IEEE 488 2 Interface is available as an option This interface can be used to control oscilloscope functions by an external computer All of the oscilloscope s current settings can be read by the computer The programming language is called SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI is an IEEE standardized language designed for remote control of programmable test and measuring e
125. cted by using the A control in the EVENT DELAY sub menu Event delay and trigger position can be used in combination to offer powerful delay capabilities ed o i ACQUISITION CH1 SLOPE X CH2 EVENT 8 TRIGGER POSITION ms JL LIU 576768 Key sequence TRIGGER POSITION Control to adjust of the trigger position EVENT TB MODE DELAY on Toggle softkey to switch the Event mode on and off When the Event mode is turned on further menu selections are displayed Control to change the number of events Readout in the menu is called COUNT Toggle softkey to select the channel on which the events must be counted Control to set the events level Readout in the menu is called LEVEL Toggle softkey to select the positive or negative slope 5 26 FUNCTION REFERENCE DELAY MEASUREMENT Description In the digital mode the MEASURE menu provides a delay measurement This is an automatic measurement of the time between two 50 levels mesials of the first leading or trailing edge of two signals The menu is reached with the key sequence MEASURE gt gt MEAS 1 2 gt gt delay The lower part of the menu is then automatically changed to the delay measurement Newly acquired signals or signals stored in memory can be used as sources for this measurement The A and TRACK controls are used to select the two sources Sources have to be trace
126. ction on off AMPL E Toggle key to switch between two vertical input sensitivities Cy of the External Trigger input channel INPUT COUPLING Description The characteristics of the oscilloscope s inputs can be selected for each channel A channel can be switched on off with the toggle key ON Display of the External Trigger input signal is switched on off with the toggle key TRIG VIEW CH1 is always switched on when all other channels are switched off In the dc coupled mode the complete signal including dc components and extremely low frequencies 10 Hz are displayed In the ac coupled mode dc components are suppressed This results in a display of the ac components 210 Hz Ground coupling GND interrupts the input signal The position of the trace is at the 0 volt level A continuous ground level indication for each channel can also be activated Refer to the description of the UTILITY gt gt SCREEN amp SOUND MENU function The selections are made with the toggle keys AC DC GND for the channel inputs or AC DC for the External Trigger input The type of coupling is given in the readout area using the symbols v ac dc and 1 GND 10Hz FULL BANDWITH DC FULL BANDWITH FREQ FREO Effect of ac dc input coupling FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 41 Key sequence ON Cy Toggle key to switch a channel on off TRIG VIEW Toggle key to switch the display of the External Trigger signal on off AC DC GND T
127. cy Long serial data streams Video signals OTHER CRITERIA Need to see pretrigger information ANALOG MODE Usable Causes display flickering Displayed for the duration of the event Preferred Preferred Preferred when Delayed sweep is not used Preferred when Delayed sweep is not used Not possible DIGITAL MODE Usable Preferred Can capture and display for long term display May cause alaising Use Peak detect or Envelope mode May cause aliasing Use Envelope mode When using delayed sweep to observe details Digital mode provides better light output When using delayed sweep to observe details Digital mode provides better light output Up to full acquisition length GETTING STARTED 3 7 SIGNAL CRITERIA ANALOG MODE DIGITAL MODE You need to make adjustments Fastest Slower to the circuitry and watch display display the signal change update update Automatic measurements Can t use Fully implemented Signal Math Add Subtract All functions Add Subtract Multiply Signal Analysis Not available Full analysis Integration optional Differentiation FFT Automatic Pass Fail test Not available Fully implemented optional Autorange attenuator Not available Results in a displayed signal with an ampli tude of 2 to 6 4 divi sions Autorange timebase Not available Results in a signal display of 2 to 6 waveform periods ANALOG C
128. d MODE Envelope and Roll modes cannot be combined Function ENVELOPE and TB MODE Event delay and dual slope cannot be combined Function DELAY Event delay and TV trigger mode cannot be combined Function DELAY and TRIGGER Trigger level indication not possible at dc input coupling and ac or If rej trigger coupling Function UTILITY SCREEN amp SOUND X source only possible out of chosen register Functions DISPLAY MENU and X DEFLECTION Activated function only possible in digital mode Function ANALOG DIGITAL MODE Indicates that the print plot action can only be aborted with PLOT key Function PRINTING AND PLOTTING CAL key must be pressed for more then two sec to start autocalibration Function CALIBRATION AUTOCAL The automatic probe detection overrules manual selection when a probe with indication ring is used Function PROBE UTILITIES 5 66 FUNCTION REFERENCE REGISTER EMPTY REGISTER PROTECTED REGISTER USED FOR MATH SETUP EMPTY SETUP PROTECTED STD SETUP RECALL ONLY TIME DIV ADJUSTED FOR ROLL TOO MANY TRACES SETUPS Description Recalling traces from an empty register is not possible Protection of an empty register is impossible Function RECALL Register cannot be saved in protected memory location Function SAVE Trace cannot be saved in register M1 or M2 because it is in use for a MATH function Function
129. d Example 100 PRINT 1 RS 5 Recall setting 5 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 43 SAVE SETUP ss Purpose To save the current oscilloscope setup in one of 10 internal setup registers This setup can be recalled manually or by sending the Recall Setup RS command The command performs the same as the frontpanel key SETUPS together with the softkey SAVE An execution error will be returned if the setup register is write protected Command SS pds setup reg CR lt setup reg gt represents the setup register number ranging from 1 10 Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 SS 3 Save setup in reg 3 110 INPUT 1 ACK Sync on acknowledge 6 44 THE CPL PROTOCOL STATUS ST Purpose To obtain a more detailed status report The response gives more information about the conditions causing a wrong acknowledge The status is returned as one or more signed decimal integers Each bit of the equivalent 16 bit binary status word represents a status condition If a bit is set the corresponding status event has occurred The 16 th sign bit of a status word indicates that another status word follows The last status word is the error status After the reply the value of the status is reset to zero The complete description of the status word can be found in section 6 7 STATUS The function of the front panel ke
130. d DEL D TB the triggering becomes less sensitive to noise The MAIN TB trigger coupling can be selected in the menu under the TRIGGER menu key For DEL D TB the menu under the DTB menu key is used the selection is possible in triggered mode ch1 ch2 and ext trig only ac coupled It reject hf reject 30kHz 10Hz FULL FULL FULL BANDWITH BANDWITH BANDWITH FREQ FREQ FREQ Effect of trigger coupling modes Presence of trigger level indicators T D as a function of trigger coupling and other oscilloscope settings Trigger Vertical Trigger level indicator coupling input coupling ac off dc dc on If rej dc off hf rej dc on all settings ac on if level pp is on off 5 80 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key Sequence ac If rej TRIGGER noise on off 516772 9303 ac dc DTB hf rej 1673 9303 Toggle softkey to select MAIN TB trigger coupling modes dc If reject and hf reject Toggle softkey to switch noise mode for MAIN TB DELD TB Toggle softkey to select DEL D TB trigger coupling modes ac dc If reject and hf reject Not selectable when starts is active in the menu under the DTB key FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 81 TRIGGER DEL D Description The Delayed Timebase has two operating modes starts and triggered In both modes the main timebase must be triggered first and the delay time mu
131. d back from the oscilloscope The following list gives the possibilities for data separators program data separator space SP ASCII32 tab HT ASCII9 comma ASCII 44 more than one space or more than one tab can be used as a separator response data separator comma ASCII 44 Message Terminators At the end of a command or response a terminator must be sent For both programming and response messages the terminator has been defined as program message terminator carriage return CR ASCII 13 response message terminator carriage return CR ASCII 13 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 3 6 2 EXAMPLE PROGRAM FRAME In the COMMAND REFERENCE SECTION a very short programming example is given for each command All examples are written in GW Basic and able to run on an IBM compatible PC The example program expects the oscilloscope to be connected via COM1 port RS 232 with a RS 232 null modem cable and to be setup at 9600 baud 8 databits no parity 3 wire xon xoff off Menu UTILITY The following program lines are an example frame work The frame work lets you embed any of the example programs shown in the COMMAND REFERENCE SECTION Program frame 10 OPEN COM1 9600 N 8 1 CS0 DSO CDO AS 1 open serial port Insert Example Programs Here 999 END 1000 synchronize on acknowledge amp handle error 1010 INPUT 1 ACK 1020 IF ACK 0 THEN GOTO 1110 1030 IF ACK lt 0 OR ACK gt 4
132. d bitwise and only when both bits are 1 the result bit is 1 Example Status 38 and must be checked for data out of range 4 38 0000 0000 0010 0110 4 0000 0000 0000 0100 logical AND 0000 0000 0000 0100 First status word CPL status Bit Mask Value Meaning Position hex dec 0 amp HO0001 1 Unknown header 1 amp H0002 2 Data format of body is wrong 2 amp H0004 4 Data out of range 3 amp H0008 8 Invalid instruction 4 amp H0010 16 reserved normally zero 5 amp H0020 32 Invalid number of parameters 6 amp H0040 64 Wrong number of databits 7 amp H0080 128 Flash ROM not present 8 amp H0100 256 Invalid Flash software 9 amp H0200 512 Conflicting oscilloscope settings 10 amp H0400 1024 User request front panel key pressed 11 amp H0800 2048 Flash write error 12 amp H1000 4096 reserved normally zero 13 amp H2000 8192 Invalid password entered 14 amp H4000 16384 reserved normally zero 15 amp H8000 32768 Next status available Second status word Auto calibration status Third status word Acquisition status THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 49 Example program to investigate status 2000 PRINT STATUS IS STATUS 2010 PRINT MEANING 2020 IF STATUS AND amp H0001 0 T 2030 IF STATUS AND amp H0002 0 THEN PRINT WRONG DATA FORMAT 2040 IF STATUS AND amp 0004 gt 0 THEN PRINT DATA OUT OF RANGE 2050 IF STATUS AND amp H0020 gt 0 THEN PRINT INVALID PARAMS gt g
133. d in sequence The instruments internal control bus The communication between front panel and internal microprocessor The settings in the memory with backup batteries installed only Interface to digitizer circuitry The selftest takes less than a second A message appears on the screen when errors are found The settings stored in memory become active with backup batteries installed These are the same settings present when the instrument was last switched off With no batteries present the standard default setting std is activated Refer to STANDARD SETUPS for details Key sequence POWER ON OFF Toggle key to switch the oscilloscope on off Starts confidence check FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 19 CURSORS Description Cursors are on screen measuring lines They can be moved using the TRACK and A controls Cursors can be positioned on signal details of interest and can be used for accurate measurements Basically there are two types of cursors vertical lines called time cursors and horizontal lines called volt cursors A simultaneous display of both cursor types is possible If the acquisition length in digital mode is more than 10 horizontal screen divisions it is possible to position the cursors horizontally along the complete acquisition When a cursor that is visible on the screen is moved outside the screen it will drag the trace with it This means that the X POSition is changed A bar graph
134. differential mode is provided by adding CH1 CH3 and Inv CH2 together In analog mode the two channel and the added trace are displayed at the same time In digital mode however channel and added trace are displayed separately Switching between both is done with the CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 toggle key Activating the function will turn off AUTO RANGE AMPL CH1 Suppression of common mode components in two signals using the differential mode ONLY THE SQUARE WAVE WILL BE DISPLAYED Key sequence inus CH CH Toggle key to switch the addition of CH1 and CH2 or CH3 and CH4 on off INV Cy Toggle key to switch the inverted display of CH2 CH4 on off FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 5 ADD MATHEMATICS Description The ADD function performs a point to point addition of two traces related to the two ground levels indicated as The result of the ADD function is a new trace in a different register This trace can be scaled and positioned Scaling is the correction of the resultant trace to fit in the screen The TRACK control adjusts scaling Vertical positioning is called offset It offsets each sample in the resultant trace with a value so that the trace can be moved vertically The A control adjusts the vertical positioning The scale factor and the offset factor are displayed in the MATH SCALE menu Pressing the autoscale softkey automatically selects the settings so the trace fit
135. e marked with a circle in front of the memory location number e g m3 Press the second blue softkey save You have now saved the acquisition signal into memory register m3 A single register can contain a set of up to three traces e g CH1 CH2 and EXT trigger view In this case only one input channel was turned on so that only one was stored Remove the probe from CH1 Now recall the stored trace Press the RECALL key 576705 Select the previously filled memory register m3 with the TRACK control A memory register with trace information is indicated with Press the second blue softkey to turn on the display of this register Indicated by Turn the A control to separate the acquisition live signal and the trace recalled from memory You are now able to operate nearly all the oscilloscope s functions in most routine applications Please continue with Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of the oscilloscope s many advanced features Memory indications Empty register Filled register Displayed register HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 1 4 HOW TO USE MORE ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT This chapter allows more experienced oscilloscope users to learn more about the advanced features of this instrument and how to use them For a complete description of each function refer to the next chapter in this manual Function Reference This chapter explains the basics of eac
136. e 3 5 Step 1 Step 2 5 7670 Vertical setup Adjust the absolute ground level by disconnecting the signal and using the POS control to position the trace in the middle of the screen A marker with the channel number 1 at the left of the screen indicates the ground reference MAT4191 Reconnect the probe to the Probe Adjust signal for display GETTING STARTED 3 9 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 You can change the amplitude of the signal in a 1 2 5 sequence by pressing one of the AMPL keys Note that the bottom of the screen shows the AMPL DIV setting of CH1 3 FEE x gt 100mV CH1 500MV N ST6681 Press the ON button of CH2 and observe that a second trace is now visible The position and amplitude of this channel can be adjusted similar to the adjustment of CH1 The channel settings are also displayed in the bottom of the screen Press the ON key of CH2 once again to turn this channel off Press the AC DC GND key of CH1 so that a 1 sign is displayed in the bottom text line This interrupts the input signal and connects the input to the ground In this case only the base line is visible Press the AC DC GND key once again for ac input coupling the bottom text li
137. e has a bandwidth of 60 MHz Beside the 2 channel models with EXT TRIG input there is a choice of two models with four fully featured channels all shown in the following table Type Number Bandwidth Sample rate Number of Input Channels Impedance PM3370B 60 MHz 200 MS s 2 1 MQ PM3380B 100 MHz 200 MS s 2 1 MQ PM3384B 100 MHz 200 MS s 4 1 MQ PM3390B 200 MHz 200 MS s 2 1 500 PM3394B 200 MHz 200 MS s 4 1 500 In the same instrument family there are two 200 2 two 100 MHz analog oscilloscopes that have specifications similar to the above mentioned analog digital combination oscilloscopes operating in analog mode All analog digital combination oscilloscopes listed above have the following features Autoranging attenuators Realtime clock 32K sample acquisition memory in 4 channel versions acquisition memory expandable to 32K 2 channel versions Up to 40 waveforms stored in memory or 204 waveforms with optional memory extension Autoset function for an instant optimized signal display at the touch of a button Autoranging timebase Cursor measurements with 1 accuracies Extensive set of fully automated voltmeter and time measurement functions Probe operated Touch Hold and Measure function freezes the display and instantly displays the signal frequency amplitude and dc voltage level Peak detection for the capture of glitches as narrow as 5 ns
138. e parameter n not be used The programmed text can be read with the Query Text QT command Command 1 PT pds pds n CR Response 1 acknowledge CR Command 2 X char CR Response 2 acknowledge CR 6 20 THE CPL PROTOCOL S setup text will be specified for register n if S and n are left out user text is specified n one of the setup registers ranging from 0 to 10 0 selects the current setup char a character byte range 0 to 12 14 to 255 refer to character code table 6 1 The following table contains the decimal codes of the character set for the screen of an oscilloscope CHAR CHARACTER DESCRIPTION 0 12 Control up down character conform char 127 13 Command terminator ASCII CR may not be used 14 Control up down character conform char 127 15 and 16 Positive and negative slope characters 17 and 18 Positive and negative pulse characters 19 Dual slope character 20 Special marker X 21 22 23 Delta degrees micro characters 24 and 25 Low impedance low 2 and omega Ohm characters 26 and 27 Arrow up and down char 27 is also ESC character 28 and 29 AC and ground channel coupling characters 30 Register off but filled character 31 Filled o character 32 ASCII space character 33 35 ASCII characters 36 External Trigger ch
139. e screen of the oscilloscope A text field of 64 characters is returned The parameter n may not be used The queried text can be programmed again with the Program Text PT command Command OT pds pds n T CR 6 setup text of register will be returned if S and n are left out user text is returned n one of the setup registers ranging from 0 to 10 0 selects the current setup Response 1 acknowledge CR Response 2 CR char acharacter byte range 15 to 127 refer to PROGRAM TEXT character code table 6 1 6 34 THE CPL PROTOCOL Example of user text Read the user text from the screen of an oscilloscope 90 DIM USERTXTS 64 100 PRINT 1 QT 110 GOSUB 1000 120 LINE INPUT 1 USERTXT 130 PRINT USERTXTS Query user Text command Sync on acknowledge Read text characters Print user text The text on the screen of the oscilloscope will be printed e g Measurement 15 Note The ASCII presentation of the oscilloscope character set is printed e g dec 25 oscilloscope character Q e dec 25 ASCII character Example of setup text Read the text from setup register 7 of an oscilloscope 90 DIM SETUPS 22 100 PRINT 1 QT S 7 110 GOSUB 1000 120 LINE INPUT 1 SETUPS 130 PRINT SETUPS Query setup Text command
140. e to 200 us The signal is displayed with four periods on the screen HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 23 TIMEBASE AUTO RANGE ANG AUTO RANGE function continuously adjusts the timebase to a display of 2 to 6 waveform periods Press the AUTO RANGE key Observe that the timebase of the signal display changes to display 2 to 6 signal periods AUTO TB in the upper right corner of the display indicates that the AUTO RANGE timebase function is active Press one of the TIME DIV keys The AUTO RANGE function is switched off and the AUTO TB indication disappears TIMEBASE MAIN TB VAR siemens Fine adjustment of timebase speeds between the 1 2 5 steps can be made by simultaneously pressing the MainTB TIME DIV keys WS ST6710 Activate the VAR function by simultaneously pressing the TIME DIV keys Press one key of the MainTB VAR keys Observe that the timebase indication is now changing continuously instead of following the 1 2 5 step sequence The VAR timebase readout values are calibrated values This enables accurate timing measurements using VAR timebase settings Adjust MainTB VAR to 850 us div Turn off the VAR function by pressing the MainTB TIME DIV key pair simultaneously Observe that the timebase is set to the nearest step value 1 ms div In the Digital mode the timebase speeds are determined by an XTal oscillator 4 24 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TIMEBASE MAGNIFY MAGNIFY
141. e wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 55 MATHEMATICS FILTER Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the MATH menu key The MATH menu is displayed on the screen Observe that MATH 1 is the default Press the softkey next to MATH 1 to enter the MATH 1 submenu This menu is used to select one of the four mathematic functions add sub mul filter Observe that the default process for MATH 1 is the filter function Typical use of the digital low pass filter is to suppress noise even after a single shot acquisition has to be captured You can select between the acquired signal or a stored signal to be the source The trace information in the source trace is mathematically filtered by a low pass filter The resulting trace is automatically stored in memory location m1 and displayed on the screen Turn the TRACK control to select acq Press the ENTER softkey Press the key next to on off to turn MATH 1 on BuU SdB 4 25kHi 3dB 1 112kH 200mV 20045 hir CH1 200 MTB 200us h1z 576745 Turn the TRACK control to change the cut off frequency Switch off MATH 1 again before continuing to the next section 4 56 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MATHEMATICS MULTIPLY You can activate a second proc
142. ear all leads to a confirm menu The memory locations s1 to s10 are emptied altogether when yes is selected Selecting no stops the clear action Note Screen messages are given in the CRT viewing area when incorrect commands are given and the action is prohibited Example When one attempts to save settings to a protected memory location Key sequence SETUPS Settings memory selection 2 gt save Softkey to recall settings in selected memory location redi Softkey to recall settings from before the last recall action undo Softkey to save the actual front settings CLEAR amp Softkey that leads to a dedicated menu to switch PROTECT the memory protection of the settings and to clear memory contents 576766 8303 Remote commands CPL SS RS PT QT To save a front in a desired memory To recall a front from a desired memory To program text into a setup register To query text from a setup register Refer to Chapter 6 for details 5 68 FUNCTION REFERENCE SETUPS SEQUENCE Description If front panel settings are stored in memory locations s1 to s5 and s6 is cleared then the range of s1 to s5 is referred to as a sequence Such a sequence can be used as part of a step by step testing procedure There are two possible ways to step through a sequence without have to recall each individual setup using the menus
143. easurements You need only one single push button This push button is located nearest to the place of measurement on the probe therefore this button is referred to as COMMAND switch oooo 0 0 0 o o 1m0 o 000 gt O O oom a 2 03 D 4 nm r3 o o o n o oO 800800800800 Before using the COMMAND fi e switch on the probe you must m first adapt the instrument reaction to this function This is done in the UTILITY gt gt COMMAND PROBE menu 2 576837 9303 The procedure to set up for TOUCH HOLD and MEASURE is Press the UTILITY key Press the softkey labeled PROBE Select q meas Press the COMMAND push button on the probe Observe that the screen displays the signal frequency and amplitude dc voltage level dc pkpk rms and freq measurements The probe COMMAND switch gives you the fastest and easiest method of trouble shooting You can keep your eyes on the circuit to be measured without having to move your eyes to press a push button on the scope NOTE The probe COMMAND switch can also be used for other functions Programming of other functions is done in the UTILITY menu see section 5 4 54 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 12 PROCESSING FUNCTIONS MATH Most oscilloscopes including m
144. ed on the available screen area Sensitivity adjustment is done with key pair AMPL VAR or a single AMPL toggle key for the External Trigger input Input sensitivity increases when the top key mV is pressed it decreases when the lower key V is pressed The sensitivity adjustment can be done in steps or continuously switching between these modes is done by pressing both keys simultaneously The CRT readout resolution correspondingly changes The amplitude of a signal can be determined as described under the SCREEN CONTROLS AND GRATICULE function The AUTO RANGE key activates a continuous automatic adjustment of input sensitivity The result is a signal amplitude on the screen between 2 and 6 4 divisions This functions in digital mode for input sensitivities up to 50 mV div For more information refer to the AUTO RANGE function For the External Trigger input the input sensitivity can be adjusted to the two most commonly used settings 1 V div and 100 mV div Selection is done with a single toggle key AMPL RANGE y CH1 100m CH1 500 4 AMPL div AMPLidiv Function of key pair AMPL VAR Key sequence AMPL y e Key pair to adjust the vertical input sensitivity coarse or fine steps gt V ST6182 5 40 FUNCTION REFERENCE AUTO RANGE Toggle key to switch the AUTO RANGE fun
145. ed with the same TRIG 1 TRIG and EXT TRIG keys that are used for the main timebase trigger source and slope selection The delayed timebase source and slope have their own readout This readout can be found at the bottom right corner of the screen below the readout for the main timebase trigger source and slope If the channel and trigger coupling are the same e g both ac or both dc the trigger level is indicated on the screen by D For more details refer to the DEL D TB section Key sequence DEL D TB DTB on off C Toggle softkey to switch DEL D TB on starts trig d Toggle softkey to select the DEL D TB trigger mode Control to adjust the DEL D TB trigger level ac re Toggle softkey to select the DEL D TB trigger coupling modes ac If reject and hf reject 576774 9303 TRIGGER LEVEL Description LEVEL selects the signal level at which the timebase will trigger For triggering the level must be within the peaks of the signal TRIGGER LEVEL sets the trigger level for the main timebase In level pp on mode the level range is clamped within the peak peak values of the signal Then the MTB will always be triggered as shown in the following figure When level pp is off the level range is from 8 8 divisions Leveling in DEL D TB is adjusted with the A control It is activated in the triggered DEL D TB mode The range is from 8 8 divisions FUNCTION
146. edge or TV triggering In digital mode also logic triggering F XX Toggle softkey to select positive or negative trigger edge slope In digital mode also dual slope ch ext trig line Toggle softkey to select MAIN TB trigger source CH1 to CH4 are to be selected with TRIG1 to TRIG4 ST7691 TRIG Toggle key to select CH1 CH or EXTTRIG as MAIN TB trigger source Subsequent key presses cause the trigger Cy slope to change between positive and negative trigger edge 5 86 FUNCTION REFERENCE TV TRIGGER Description In addition to edge and glitch triggering explained under TRIGGER MAIN TB there are extensive video triggering possibilities These enable stable triggering on video frames and lines from various TV standards There is no need to adjust the trigger level Triggering is possible on video signals with positive pos or negative neg signal polarity Supported video standards include NTSC PAL SECAM and HDTV For HDTV systems a three level sync trigger is used and the line count of the system may be selected The MAIN TB can be triggered on a TV line all lines are superimposed or field 1 or field 2 of any of the four channels In the field mode the TRACK control can be used select triggering on any specific TV line for individual line display The TV trigger settings are selected from the menu under the TRIGGER menu key TV trigger is not available when the optional External Tri
147. eference only Its position can differ slightly from the actual trigger level 4 36 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER MODE TRIGGERED Press the TB MODE key EM In the screen the timebase mode TB MODE menu appears auto is 1 intensified With the auto mode turned on the timebase will run free as soon as no triggering signal is detected in order to provide a base line The Auto mode works well with most signal that have frequencies of 30 Hz or higher Press the softkey next to the auto trig single function to select trig In the triggered mode a signal is visible only when proper triggering occurs Move the indicator T in and out of the signal range TRIGGER O In the Analog mode the result is a stable and triggered signal when the indicator is inside the signal range and no trace appears on the screen when the indicator is outside the signal range Disabling the auto function by selecting trig can be useful for displaying very low frequency signals The scope waits for a real trigger before the sweep starts even if the signal frequency is very low In the Digital mode the same criteria exist for the use of the auto function and the trig function but there is a difference When the scope is in the trig mode and triggering is lost the acquisition will stop but the display will reflect the last information before the triggering stopped This may lead
148. elay between the trigger moment and the moment that the first sample is taken If the delay is negative the first sample is taken before the trigger moment This is called pre trigger view In case of pre trigger view the trigger point horizontal position of which T n 0 is indicated on the screen The delay or the position of the trigger point can be adjusted by means of the TRIGGER POSITION control Delay is usually expressed in X units Seconds Note Traces can also be positioned in horizontal direction with the X POS control but this does not affect the delay The reason is that X POS is a pure display function and therefore does not affect the signal sampling Delay Xz dT corr Xr Xu Trigger pos Xz dT corr Xr Xu These values can also be expressed in divisions Delay Xz dT corr Xr 1 50 div Trigger pos Xz dT corr Xr 1 50 div The mathematic functions only give useful results if there is no conflict between the units For example it makes no sense to add amperes to volts The trigger delay and the time base setting of the two traces must be equal This is always guaranteed if the traces were acquired at the same time because the trace elements are from the same register Consider the following useful example of a mathematics function Perform the multiplication of two traces with different units i e a trace representing volts over time and a tr
149. els These functions are not available in the analog mode FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 9 If switching from one mode to another results in an unsatisfactory display press the yellow key a second time to return to the original situation Key sequence ANALOG Toggle key to switch between analog mode and digital mode AUTO RANGE Description The AUTO RANGE function automatically selects the input sensitivity of the vertical channels and time div of the main timebase to obtain an optimum display of the input signal s AUTO RANGE is a continuous function vertical channel or time div settings are adapted if the input signal changes The AUTO RANGE function of the vertical channels automatically selects the input sensitivity The result is that the input signal is displayed with 2 to 6 4 divisions of amplitude The amplitude is between 1 and 3 2 divisions with DISPLAY WINDOWS on AUTO RANGE can be turned on separately for each vertical channel AUTO RANGE functions at input sensitivities between 5V and 50 mV div Input coupling is put to ac if AUTO RANGE is switched on dc or ground coupling can be selected manually AUTO RANGE is switched off after operation of the AMPL key the AUTOSET key the channel s AUTORANGE key channel ADD key or changing Acquisition length The AUTO RANGE function of the main timebase MAIN TB adjusts the timebase automatically so that 2 to 6 waveform periods are displayed To turn off AUTO RANGE press the TIME DIV
150. ements are made using the HISTOGRAM method The HISTOGRAM method is used to assure that measurements on signals with distortion overshoot ringing or noise establish the most probable signal levels as references for the 0 and 100 amplitude levels The next figure shows all parameters used in this method MAX HIGH ee a a a 2nd DISTAL 2 calx lc icc eot tte 50 151 MESIAL 2nd MESIAL 3rd MESIAL 2nd PROXIMAL 3rd PROXIMAL a dtu M AGRI 10 LOW MIN ST6743 All calculated measurements are made following a fixed sequence 1 Using the HISTOGRAM algorithm determine the HIGH LOW levels and the MIN MAX levels These parameters are used to define the 096 and 10096 voltage levels of the signal 2 Calculate the MESIAL DISTAL and PROXIMAL levels These voltage levels are derived from the HIGH and LOW FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 49 3 Calculate all other signal parameters The formulas for all time and volt measurements are given in the sections for DELAY MEASUREMENT TIME MEASUREMENT and VOLT MEASUREMENT The HISTOGRAM method determines the voltage levels This method is as follows The input data trace is used to create a histogram This histogram evaluates all signal amplitude values that occur in a given signal plus the number of occurrences for each ampl
151. en on the type plate This number consists of a six digit code preceeded by the characters DM The instrument version can also be displayed on the CRT after having pressed menu key UTILITY and then softkey MAINTENANCE GETTING STARTED 3 1 3 GETTING STARTED This chapter provides a 10 minute tutorial intended for those who are not familiar with Fluke oscilloscopes Those who are already familiar can skip this chapter and continue to Chapter 4 3 1 FRONT PANEL LAYOUT This oscilloscope is a combination of an analog oscilloscope and a digital storage oscilloscope in the same instrument The basic signal acquisition and display functions are identical in both operating modes Differences will be explained in the text Switching between the two operating modes is done with the yellow ANALOG key The front panel of the oscilloscope is organized into functional areas The areas are discussed in order of typical operation DELAYED CONTROLS MAIN TIME BASE SCREEN CURSOR TIME BASE FOR DIGITAL AND TRIGGER CONTROLS AUTO SET CONTROLS CONTROLS MODE CONTROLS m 5 Ur Track CURSORS HOLD TRIGGER LU Cb 4X Po TEXT lt Sy a Ji CB Q Focus p po EE m p 7 58 aa
152. en the oscilloscope is under remote control This second function is called go to LOCAL and is indicated in small text below the STATUS key For more information refer to the REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 and HEMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 functions Key sequence STATUS Toggle key to select amount of settings information on screen LOCAL FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 71 SUBTRACT MATHEMATICS The subtract mode is available in the digital mode of operation Description The SUBTRACT function performs a point to point subtraction of two traces Each point related to the respective ground levels indicated as The result of the SUBTRACT function is a new trace in a different register This trace can be scaled and positioned Scaling is the correction of the resultant trace to fit in the screen Scaling can be adjusted by using the TRACK control Vertical positioning is called offset It offsets each sample in the resultant trace with a certain value so that the trace can be moved vertically It is adjusted with the A control The scale factor and the offset factor are displayed in the MATH SCALE menu Pressing the autoscale softkey automatically selects the settings for the trace to fit the screen When subtracting signals with different amplitude settings the size of the smaller signal is automatically adjusted to match the size of the larger signal Newly acquired traces or previously stored traces can be used as
153. en the oscilloscope was switched off with the batteries installed To ensure that you will get the same setup in all cases press the STATUS key and TEXT OFF key simultaneously This will set the instrument in a predefined default condition STANDARD SETUP and a trace will appear on the screen Text is also displayed at the bottom of the screen GETTING STARTED 3 3 3 3 SCREEN CONTROLS The screen controls can be adjusted for optimum trace text and spot quality by the controls to the left of the screen Le INTENSITY Olobs 0 2 g o E OJ amp XO OJEXO 0 olgo olgo olg oo INTENSITY o 9 04 988 TRACE ROTATION FOCUS GRATICULE ILLUMINATION Figure 3 2 Screen control area EOC reagan The brightness on the screen is adjusted by two controls one for the trace and one for the text Turn the TRACE INTENSITY control clockwise and verify that only the brightness of the trace increases Turn the TEXT INTENSITY control clockwise and verify that only the brightness of the text increases The sharpness of the trace and text is optimized by the FOCUS control When you are making photographs or are in a dark environment you can use the ILLUMINATION control t
154. ence 51 T1 trg 5 Time between cursor 1 and trigger 52 T2 trg Time between cursor 2 and trigger 60 FFT_freq Hz Frequency at cursor 61 FFT_ampl dB dBm dBuV Vrms X Amplitude at cursor Notes 1 The meas type and suffix unit of the measurement 1 and 2 values depend on the selections made with the MEASURE MENU via the front panel key MEASURE Refer to the MEASURE MENU of chapter 5 FUNCTION REFERENCE 2 Delta T can only be obtained if X Deflection is off 3 Delta X can only be obtained if X Deflection is on 4 FFT only when MATH option is availlable Response 1 acknowledge CR Response 2 meas value meas type e meas value suffix_unit CR Response 2 Condition type value unit value value value No V or L parameter V parameter specified L parameter specified 6 28 THE CPL PROTOCOL meas_type meas_value suffix_unit string of characters specifying the type of the measured value e g Tr string of characters specifying the measured value in floating point notation e g 98934E 09 string of characters specifying the unit of the measured value V or Hz Example of a single measurement 100 110 120 130 PRINT GOSUB 1 QM 21 Query for frequency measurement 1000 Sync on acknowledge INPUT PRINT 1 5
155. end back partial setups because the setup nodes can be send individually Refer to Query Setup and section 6 8 SETUP Command PS d pds count node CR send more nodes lt count gt number of node strings to follow lt node gt string of hexadecimal characters 0 9 A F representing a setup node in the oscilloscope Response acknowledge CR Note acknowledge is sent after the setup has been completed Example 100 PRINT 1 PS Setup command 110 PRINT 1 N of strings 120 FOR 1 130 PRINT 1 SETUPS I Send strings sep d by SP 140 NEXT I 150 PRINT 1 Send CR to end the setup 160 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge These are the strings that are received after a Query Setup QS command THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 19 PROGRAM TEXT PT Purpose To program text to an oscilloscope If the S parameter is specified setup text is programmed The text will be set into one of the setup registers of the oscilloscope The parameter n specifies the setup register A maximum number of 22 characters is allowed The remainder of the text field is set to spaces If the S parameter is not specified user text is programmed The text will be displayed on the screen of the oscilloscope A maximum number of 64 characters is allowed The remainder of the text field is set to spaces Th
156. end each sample byte SUM SUM WAVE I MOD 256 Calculate checksum NEXT I PRINT 1 CHRS SUM Send checksum GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 6 26 THE CPL PROTOCOL QUERY MEASUREMENT QM Purpose To obtain measurement data from an oscilloscope If the V Value parameter is specified one measured value will be returned If the L Logging parameter is specified an infinite number of measured values will be returned Cancelling is possible by sending the ASCII character ESC If no V or L parameter is specified one measured value is returned preceded by its type and concluded by its suffix Note If averaging is on the values will be averaged over the number of average counts Command OM n my CR A V only the numerical value of the measurement result is returned the numerical values of an infinite number of measurement results is returned cancelling is possible by sending ASCII character ESC 27 decimal n decimal number specifying the type of measurement to perform see table on next page THE CPL PROTOCOL n meas type 1 suffix unit 7 Note 1 variable variable measurement 1 2 variable variable measurement 2 10 dV V delta Voltage between cursors 11 V1 V Volt cursor 1 12 V2 V Volt cursor 2 13 Vdc V Volt dc 20 dT s delta Time between cursors 2 21 F Hz Frequency 1 dT 30 dx V delta X 9 40 dPh Phase differ
157. ess MATH 2 This way two processes can run at the same time Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 and channel 2 and turn on both channels Press the MATH 2 softkey the MATH menu The menu displays the MATH 2 functions MATH 2 offers the same functions and parameters as MATH 1 For MATH 2 the default parameter is mult Using MULT means that two selected traces are multiplied together and that the result is stored in m2 Press the softkey next to MATH 2 to enter the MATH 2 submenu Observe that the submenu is now optimized for the multiplying process You can select between all active traces or memory locations to be the source traces Turn the TRACK control to select ch1 Turn the A control to select ch2 Press the ENTER softkey to return to the main menu Press the softkey next to on off to turn MATH 2 on The multiplied trace of channel 1 and channel 2 is instantly displayed on the screen At this time the resulting trace is stored in memory location m2 One example of this process is to multiply voltage across a component and current through that component to find dissipated instantaneous power Switch MATH 2 off again HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 57 4 13 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS When operating in the analog mode you can set the scope to display XY displays by selecting DEFLECTION mode In this mode the horizontal deflection is obtained from one of the input signals while t
158. ess the DC GND key to obtain ground coupling A straight line is now displayed This is the OV ground level of the input This level serves as the 0 volt reference for amplitude measurements The coupling sign 1 now indicates ground coupling HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 15 VERTICAL POSITION Pos Use the POS control to adjust the ground level to any desired vertical O position on the screen MATA171 Usethe position control to position the line in the middle of the screen Observe that the channel identifier 1 shifts with the trace Press the AC DC GND key again to obtain ac input coupling Since the Probe Adjust signal is a pulse type signal with a 5096 duty cycle its mean value is at the 50 amplitude level of the input signal When the input is ac coupled the mean value will be displayed at the ground level of the oscilloscope As a result of this the displayed waveform is centered on the screen 4 16 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL AMPLITUDE Press the upper key of the AMPL keys AMPL Pressing the upper key increases the amplitude of the displayed Als waveform As the amplitude of the displayed waveform changes the screen readout of the input sensitivity changes as well m If you adjust the displayed amplitude to 6 divisions you will notice that y the readout in the lower left hand
159. ess the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 Shiftthe trace to the upper half of the screen as indicated CH1 500mVi 1ms nts DELAYED TIMEBASE MainTB and Del dTB Pressthe Delayed Timebase DTB key to enter Um the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu Press the DEL D TB on off softkey to turn on the Delayed Timebase THES The main timebase trace and delayed timebase trace are displayed simultaneously cul sobmve bTB Bi The upper trace is the Main Timebase trace The Main Timebase trace shows an intensified portion It may be necessary to adjust the trace intensity with the TRACE INTENSITY control to the left of the screen The lower trace is the Delayed Timebase trace This represents the intensified part of the upper trace Since all primary functions have dedicated keys and controls on the front panel the menu can now be turned off Press the TEXT OFF button to turn off the menu 4 64 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DELAYED TIMEBASE DELAY Use the DELAY control to select the start of intensified part of the signal in the upper trace The intensified part acts like a window over
160. eturns to the same settings when turned on Two AA LR6 Alkaline batteries are used Note batteries are not factory installed and must be installed at the customer s site Note This instrument contains batteries Do not dispose of these batteries with other solid waste Used batteries should be disposed of by a qualified es 9 recycler or hazardous materials handler Contact your authorized Fluke Service Center for recycling information 2 2 2 Installation of batteries Proceed as follows Remove all input signals and disconnect the instrument line power Remove the plastic cover of the battery compartment so that the battery holder becomes accessible Install two penlight batteries AA in the battery holder as indicated on the battery holder Reinstall the cover of the battery compartment Note Frontsettings and autocalibration data disappear after exchange of the batteries with the instrument disconnected from the line power After battery exchange it is necessery to press the CAL key after the recommended warming up time CAUTION Never leave the batteries in the oscilloscope at ambient temper atures outside the rated range of the battery specifications be cause of possible damage that may be caused to the instrument To avoid battery damage do not leave the batteries in the oscilloscope when it is stored longer than 30 days 2 3 THE FRONT COVER For ease of removal and reinstallation the front c
161. evel indicator is visible D If you have set up for triggered operation of the Del dTB as described in the previous section and the Del dTB trace is not displayed the trigger level needs adjustment Adjust the A control until the Del dTB signal is visible O a 516729 D TRIGGER LEVEL INDICATOR DELAYED TIMEBASE COUPLING The Del dTB permits the same trigger coupling selection as for the MainTB ac dc LF rej HF rej The level indication D for Del dTB is present only when the combination of the Del dTB trigger coupling and the input coupling is useful 4 68 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 15 HARD COPY FACILITIES The oscilloscope offers the capabilities to make a hard copy of the screen information on a printer or a plotter The hard copy can include the recorded waveform s the relevant scope settings trace identification cursors measurement results and screen graticule Before you are able to print or plot a hard copy of the information on the CRT it is necessary to make some preparations Oscilloscope and printer plotter must be connected through a suitable cable The oscilloscope and the printer plotter must be set up to the correct interface parameters All setup actions are done in the UTILITY menu SET STANDARD First set the instrument t
162. f the square wave on channel 1 CH1 204 CH2 1 00 lt lt Press the X SOURCE softkey so that line is inten Turn off channel 1 516739 Horizontal deflection is now obtained from the line voltage On the screen channel 2 sine wave is displayed against the line voltage The signals on the horizontal deflection line and the vertical deflection ch2 have different frequency Vary the frequency of the generator to get an almost stable picture The displayed figure is called a Lissajous figure This lissajous figure has 5 60 Hz line or 6 50 Hz line tops depending on the line frequency The number tops multiplied by the horizontal line frequency results in the frequency of the vertical signal ch A ae 2 ch3 5 ch4 line W C3 2 50Hz 60Hz Xzlhe 576006 If the generator is equal or close to the line frequency the Lissajous figure is an whose shape depends on the phase difference Measuring phase difference using the X Deflection mode is one of the typical applications for this mode HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 59 DIGITAL DISPLAY X versus Y Similar to the analog mode the digital mode allows you to display one trace as a function of another The source for verti
163. facturing To program the AUTOSET to be used for STEP TO NEXT SETUP IN THE SEQUENCE select the UTILITY gt gt AUTOSET submenu and select setups AUTOCAL The AUTOCAL function is used for fine adjustment of the oscilloscope s input trigger and timebase circuitry This allows you to achieve the high accuracies specified for this instrument even under extreme environmental conditions like very high or very low temperatures When the oscilloscope is always kept under the same environmental conditions e g in a workshop or lab it is sufficient to perform this AUTOCAL once every month It is recommended that you perform an AUTOCAL after the instrument has warmed up To perform an AUTOCAL Press the CAL key for at least 2 seconds The calibration is fully automatic and takes about 4 minutes For purposes of full traceability an official calibration in a fully equipped and traceable calibration laboratory should be done once a year or after every 2000 hours of use HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 75 OTHER FEATURES You are now an experienced user of this Fluke oscilloscope The following features were not covered by this step by step introduction Trigger and ground level indicators TV and HDTV trigger modes and line selection Trigger filters State pattern and glitch triggering Glitch only in 2 ch models Event counter delay Record length selection 8k 4k 2k 512 samples User text Intensity ratio Main
164. frequencies to be displayed with optimum resolution The time scale is adjusted with the key pair TIME DIV VAR Adjustment can be done in steps or in a continuous range VAR Switching between these modes is done by pressing both keys simultaneously For low frequency signals the MAIN TB speed must be slow this is obtained by pressing the s side of the key pair For high frequency signals the ns side is pressed Time values of a signal can be determined as described under the screen controls and graticule function The AUTO RANGE key activates a continuous automatic adjustment of the TIME DIV of the main timebase The result is a display of between 2 and 6 waveform periods on the screen This functions in digital mode For more information refer to the AUTO RANGE function If AUTO RANGE is turned on when VAR is active the timebase is changed in such a way that the trace on display is kept unchanged In the digital mode the timebase speeds are determined by an XTal oscillator VARiable control of the timebase speeds in digital mode happens in bigger steps than in analog mode AUTO RANGE TIME DIV S ns Function of key pair TIME DIV VAR Key sequence TIME DIV Sw ns Key pair to adjust the MAIN TB time scale for fine or K D coarse steps ST6839 9303 AUTO RANGE Toggle key to switch the AUTO RANGE functio
165. g identified as H High L Low or X Don t care Example HHxL There are three logic trigger modes pattern state and glitch To enter the logic trigger mode select logic from the TRIGGER MAIN TB menu The menu now displays the choices and you use a softkey to select one of the three logic trigger modes pattern state or glitch State State triggering sometimes called conditional triggering is used in applications with clocked or synchronous systems One of the four input signals must be selected as the clock signal Triggering occurs on this clock edge when the other 3 inputs match the selected three bit pattern i e are TRUE The clock edge may be chosen as a rising or falling clock edge In this menu you use a softkey pair to select the trigger slope in combination with the keys TRIG1 through TRIG4 that give the state HIGH LOW or don t care for the three other trigger sources Example of a STATE trigger word HLL in which ch1 is used as positive clock edge Pattern The PATTERN mode is used to trigger the oscilloscope when a combination of up to four signals is true for a specified amount of time In other words triggering occurs only when two conditions are met the combination and the time limits The trigger pattern is set as a combination of HIGH LOW or don t care of the four input channels of the oscilloscope Example of a PATTERN HHxL The PATTERN condition is set or edited with the TRIG
166. g readout and the X indicating where the trace and the cursors intersect Since the trace is digitized the cursors can be really smart In the digital mode you can measure time differences AT and amplitude differences AV at the same time cht AT 500us 3 600mV CURSORS on off 1 h FREAD aoe 2 W CH1 200 ROOS Step 12 Use the first blue softkey to turn the cursors off The cursor menu disappears GETTING STARTED 3 19 3 13 MORE ADVANCED TRIGGER FUNCTIONS Most of the trigger functions source slope and level can be controlled with direct access to the functions see Section 3 9 A CRT menu is used for more advanced trigger functions TRIGGER nad o oper o nnns boo O ARM D 2 18 4 0400 0 LEVEL a EogoaBgaaoasoogagaoug MODE Q 000000 00 gloosoo ST6432 9303 Figure 3 10 More advanced trigger setup Press the menu key TRIGGER This TRIGGER turns the menu on An extensive set of MAIN TB functions is now displayed AL edge tv glitch ch1 ext trig line level pp on off noise on 7X LILL AJLLLLBDBDLELLLDLBILLLLILLLLI ac Zo If rej hf rej ST7688 All functions are explained in Chapter 4 For most a
167. gger is selected as trigger source Note trigger edge can not be selected FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence edge tv glitch TRIGGER Toggle softkey to switch between edge and tv triggering In digital mode also glitch triggering Toggle softkey to switch between TV triggering on field 1 field 2 or line sync pulses Control to select the line number Toggle softkey to select between pos itive and neg ative signal polarity Softkey pair for video system selection Softkey pair for selection of max number of HDTV lines Selects the channel and toggles between pos itive and neg ative signal polarity no edge selection 5 88 FUNCTION REFERENCE USERTEXT Description Two lines of user definable text can be displayed in the CRT viewing area The text may be useful as additional information when taking photographs The selections are reached via the key sequence UTILITY gt gt SCREEN amp SOUND gt gt USERTEXT gt gt on The EDIT USER TEXT menu gives the following editing modes The TRACK control determines the position where text has to be edited The position is indicated by a flashing cursor The A control is used for character selection Softkey space changes the character under the cursor into a space Softkey delete erases text under the cursor Softkey insert adds a space under the cursor Key sequence SCREEN amp USER on off UT
168. h function and gives examples are given in a step by step sequence Less experienced oscilloscope users should read Chapter 3 before beginning this chapter 4 1 INTRODUCTION All of the oscilloscope models in the PM337xB PM338xB and PM339xB family combine the features and operation of an analog oscilloscope with that of a full featured Digital Storage Oscilloscope DSO Switching between one mode of operation to the other is done by pressing one yellow push button Most signal acquisition functions are identical for both modes of operation even though the digital mode allows for pretrigger acquisition and display plus more powerful logic triggering Delayed sweep operation is available in both operating modes Cursors operate in both modes The digital mode provides access to many powerful calculated measurement and signal analysis functions It also has a completely new feature called AUTO RANGE AUTO RANGE automatically adjusts the attenuator or the timebase setting when the amplitude or the frequency of the signal has changed This family of oscilloscopes is available with a 60 MHz 100 MHz or 200 MHz bandwidth There are full four channel instruments as well as 2 2 channel models The economy version have 2 full channels and an external trigger channel PM3394B 200 MHz Full Four Channel Oscilloscope The PM3394B offers a 200 MHz bandwidth Four channels provide equal bandwidth and sensitivity ranges Each channel has full
169. hat channel 2 is selected as the trigger source The result is that the signal on channel 1 is no longer triggered not stable The ARM D LED is on to indicate that the oscilloscope is not triggered Check also that the right side of the bottom text line indicates the trigger source ch2 Only in 2 channel models Press EXT TRIG key to select External Trigger input as the trigger source Check that the rightside of the bottom textline indicates the trigger source EXT Press the TRIG1 key Channel 1 is now selected as the trigger source The ch1 symbol is displayed in the bottom text line Triggering resumes Turn channel 2 off by pressing ON again Press the ns key of the MainTB TIME DIV keys until the timebase is set to 2 us div 3 14 GETTING STARTED Step 6 The same TRIG1 key that was used to select the trigger source is also used to select the trigger slope Repeatedly pressing the TRIG1 button changes the triggering so that it occurs on the leading or trailing edge of the input signal Note that the slope is also displayed in the bottom text line Nee CHI 200mV 24s CH1 CH 00mV 246 CHIL 576685 Step 7 For repetitive signals you obtain a stable display when each successive timebase sweep is triggered at the same stable level of the input signal You use the TRIGGER
170. he analog timebase generator is turned off In the digital mode the DISPLAY menu is extended STANDARD SETTING Start with the standard setting This ensures that you have the correct start Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 Press AUTOSET The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV ANALOG DISPLAY X DEFL In X DEFLection mode XY displays are used for direct comparisons of two or more signals one as a function of one or more others Vertical deflection is selected in the same way as for normal displays using the timebase Horizontal deflection is obtained by selecting one of the sources as displayed in the X DEFL menu on the screen Connecta sine wave of approx 300 Hz to channel 2 Press AUTOSET Observe that the scope displays the two traces on the screen in analog mode Press the DISPLAY key to enter the analog DISPLAY MENU Press the X DEFL softkey to enter the X DEFL sub menu Press the on off softkey so that on is intensified Two vertical lines appear on the screen The menu now displays the source for the X axis intensified X2ch1 4 58 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT The signal on channel 1 is a square wave Consequently there will be only two vertical levels to display The signal on channel 2 is a sine wave which is now displayed as a function o
171. he front panel of your oscilloscope and observe what functions the different controls and push buttons keys perform There are three different styles of push buttons plus the blue softkeys adjacent to the screen The push button functions are as follows C C s C3 Direct function key These keys provide direct access to specific functions as labeled on the front panel Examples include AUTOSET for automatic setup of the oscilloscope and AC DC GND for selection of the instrument s input coupling Menu initialization key with blue text Press to produce a menu on the screen from which you can select functions that are related to the function name of this key Key pair These pairs serve as up down controls They are used to select a value from a range Softkey Press to select a function from the menu that has been initialized by pressing one of the menu initialization keys Rotary control Used for continuously variable control of a function HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 5 4 2 DISPLAY AND PROBE ADJUSTMENTS To help you follow the step by step descriptions each section begins by recalling the standard setting as outlined below If you get lost you can return to the beginning of each section because all functions are set to a predefined state to create a correct start situation RECALL STANDARD SETTING Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Recalling the standard setting always results in a
172. he identification of the oscilloscope It gives information about the model number the version numbers of all software modules and the installed options This Identification ID command gives the same information as can be read from the oscilloscope screen after pressing the frontpanel knob UTILITY and the softkey MAINTENANCE Command ID CR Response 1 acknowledge CR Response 2 identity string CR Note The items in the identity string are separated by a ASCII 59 Example 100 PRINT 1 ID Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 INPUT 1 ID Input Identity string 130 PRINT ID Print Identity string 6 14 THE CPL PROTOCOL example response FLUKE PM 3380B 0 SW3394BI V4 0 1996 10 02 UHM V1 0 UFO V2 0 IEEE p x 3 ML M EE RE 1 manufacturer 2 model number of the oscilloscope 3 information about the oscilloscope software 4 information about the micro controller software 5 information about the frontpanel control software 6 information about installed options e g IEEE IEEE interface EXT External Trigger option only in 4 channel models EM Extended Memory MP Math Plus THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 15 LOCAL LOCKOUT LL Purpose This instruction will inhibit the Go to Local function of the STATUS LOCAL key on the frontpanel Once activated the Local Lockout State is d
173. he information provided in this manual Fluke Corporation Fluke Industrial B V P O Box 9090 P O Box 680 Everett WA 7600 AR Almelo 98206 9090 USA The Netherlands Copyright 1997 1998 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced by any means or in any form without written permission of the copyright owner Printed in the Netherlands TRACE AUTOSET CAL SETUPS UTILITY ANALOG ACQUIRE SAVE RECALL MEASURE MATH DISPLAY HARD COPY INTENSITY OOO STATUS trac CURSORS HOLDOFF TRIGGER MAGNIFY 4XPOSP INTENSITY LOCAL RUNISTOP RANGE SINGLE ARMD 1 1 TRIGGER TRIGGER DELAYED TIME BASE DELAY postmon LJ LEVEL p sTME DIV ns TB MODE AT TRACE ROTATION LJ Pos Pos Pos Pos pO BO BO AUTO AUTO AMPL RANGECHIiCH2 AMPL RANGE INV AMPL RANGECH3 CH4 AMPL RANGE INV hw V yw GRATICULE 4 4L 4 ILLUMINATION 4 ACDC ATC TEXT OFF SOW m 5 S S ON 4 4 4 4 v POWER Probe Adjust Oz 1M 25pF IMA 25pF IMA 25pF IMA 25 ST7721A Thank you for purchasing this FLUKE oscilloscope It has been designed and manufactured t
174. he screen and calibrated in divisions The trigger point is indicated on the screen with an arrow Pretrigger recording can be adjusted and is limited to one full screen or 10 divisions Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control clockwise When the control is rotated clockwise delay is added The trigger point shifts to the left The delay can be adjusted to a maximum of1000 divisions so that it is outside the screen Positive trigger delay is indicated in seconds or in fractions of seconds Set the delay to 0 with TRIGGER POSITION HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 29 TRIGGER SINGLE SHOT Make sure the instrument is in the Digital Mode Press AUTOSET This sets up the scope with the proper amplitude and timebase settings Remove the probe tip from the Probe Adjust output Turn the TRIGGER POSITION to mid screen counterclockwise Press the SINGLE key This automatically prepares the scope for a single acquisition Observe that the screen has been cleared and that the ARM D LED is on This indicates that the scope is armed and waits for a trigger The trigger level is automatically set to 5 divisions indicated by T Look at the screen and touch the Probe Adjust output with the probe tip Observe that the oscilloscope runs once and that a signal appears on the screen The ARM D LED is turned off At the moment you touched the Probe Adjust output with the probe the scope was triggered The trigger mome
175. he upper curve and the lower curve of an AM modulated signal appear on screen as an envelope of min max pairs and the area in between is shaded In the two channel mode glitches down to 10 ns i e 1 100 Ms can be captured In single channel mode even glitches down to down to 5 ns can be captured GLITCH CAPTURE IN FOUR CHANNEL MODE If more than two channels are activated and the glitch detector is switched on the scope automatically selects the alternating mode Since the alternate mode allows each ADC to run at full speed 10 ns glitch detection is now possible on all four channels Single shot acquisition with glitch detection is possible only in one and two channel modes 2 APPENDIX P CHANNEL ACQUISITIONS For three or four channel acquisition the ADCs are used in conjunction with the chopped mode or alternate mode In the chopped mode the first ADC takes a single sample on channel 1 then one on channel 3 then one on channel 1 again and so on The second ADC chops between channels 2 and 4 The chopping rate is so high that the effective sample rate is 5 MS s on four channels in parallel This is more than adequate for single shot capture in most applications power switching audio process control etc and certainly for electro mechanical applications which are typically in the kHz range The advantage of a high speed chopper is that it allows single shot acquisitions to be taken on four channels simultaneousl
176. information from the adc is then stored in a Acquisition Memory The data acquisition in this memory can be stopped to freeze the trace on the screen You can also store save complete registers or separate signals into a background memory called Register Memory Traces can be stored as long as you like and can be recalled at any time The CombiScopes in this range have a standard memory of 8K The record length for each trace is the maximum number of samples divided by the number of traces With the standard scope the memory depth of 8K is available for two channels The memory is partitioned so that 1x8K 2x4K or 4x2K records can be captured For maximum update rate records can be made as short as 512 points If the memory expansion option is installed the record length can be adjusted between 32K and 512 points HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 31 4 7 ADVANCED VERTICAL FUNCTIONS All basic functions of the oscilloscope are accessible via direct action front panel keys More advanced functions are easily accessible via the menus behind the menu initialization keys keys with their function name in blue text STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the advanced vertical functions you must set the instrument to a predefined state to ensure a correct start situation Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave
177. is provided to customize the output to the printer or plotter This submenu changes depending on the printer or plotter that has been selected Grid If yes the complete grid screen graticule with divisions is printed plotted If no only the square border in printed plotted Paper size This can be 11 or 12 for printer and A4 A size or A3 B size for plotters Plot format plotters only This can be 1 1 and 2 1 Trace information If yes the settings readout and measuring results are printed plotted Colors plotters only If yes the traces are plotted in different colors If no all traces are plotted in one color FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 55 Real time clock The real time clock is used to make time stamps on a hardcopy Hardcopies will be stamped with two timestamps the time of operation of the HARD COPY key and the time of trigger of the acquisition Adjust block Date format Confirm Key sequence PRINT amp UTILITY PLOT amp CLK Three softkeys are used to adjust the clock The softkey in the middle determines if the adjustment is done for day month year hour minutes or seconds The item to be adjusted is displayed intensified The adjustment is done with the upper and lower softkey The upper softkey s gives an increase the lower softkey t a decrease The date can be selected to be in the European format day month year USA format month day year or Japanese format
178. is turned off In the digital mode the display menu is extended with additional display functions such as WINDOWS VERTICAL MAGNIFY X vs Y TEXT GENERATOR and INTERPOLATION For the X DEFLECTION function for the analog mode refer to X DEFLECTION further on in this chapter WINDOWS automatically separates the traces on the screen when more than one trace is displayed Each trace is then displayed in a window When two channels are displayed one is displayed in the upper half of the screen and the other is displayed in the bottom half When three traces from different channels are displayed the screen is divided into four windows of two divisions each Even when only two divisions are allocated to a trace for each trace is displayed with the full dynamic range of 8 bits and the full 256 ADC levels are still used The displayed amplitude of the signal and its screen readout has however been adapted to the new window space Also the range of the POS controls is limited to the new window The windows mode is especially useful in multichannel applications It eliminates trace positioning and scaling while retaining maximum resolution accuracy and trigger sensitivity VERT MAGNIFY is used to vertically expand signals without changing the AMPL DIV setting of the input channels It can be used to study signal details in high resolution acquisitions such as an averaged waveform The signals can be expanded up to 32 times and the magnification
179. isabled by sending the Go to Local GL the Reset Instrument RI command or by cycling power OFF and ON Refer also to Go to Remote and Go to Local There is no front panel equivalent for this command Command Dp CR Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 LL Send Command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge Local Remote Remote Local Lockout States Go to Local State Remote State 1 Go to Local Reset Instrument lt STATUS LOCAL button gt Local Lockout Remote with Go to Local Local Lockout Reset Instrument State 6 16 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM COMMUNICATION PC Purpose To program baudrate parity mode number of data and stopbits and the handshake method for computer communication After the command is sent an lt acknowledge gt will be returned with the old communication parameters still active If the lt acknowledge gt 0 the new communication parameters will be valid approximately 0 5 seconds later The communication parameters are stored in battery backup memory and restored on power up This command performs the same function as the UTILITY RS232 SETUP menu Command PC pds baud pds parity pds data bits to bypass handshake
180. ising slope of the input signal At least one rising slope must be displayed on the screen to get a valid measurement rise time of distal of first rising slope time of proximal of first rising slope fall FALL TIME Measures the fall time of a signal It is calculated between the proximal and distal of the first falling slope of the input signal At least one falling slope must be displayed on the screen to get a valid measurement falla time of proximal of first falling slope time of distal of first falling slope duty DUTY CYCLE Measures the percentage time of the positive part of the first period of the signal as compared to the period time At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid calculation 2nd mesial of pos part 1st mesial of pos part time of 3rd mesial time 1st mesial duty 100 It is possible to perform measurements on the part of the waveform between the two cursors This function is called cursor limited measurements and is turned on via the key sequence MEASURE CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST CURSOR LIMITED yes Cursor operation is done via the TRACK and A controls and via the CURSOR menu FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 77 Results of the measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2 are displayed in the top left corner of the screen When you press the key sequence MEASURE gt gt CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST gt gt STATIST on the screen displays three values per MEAS function These
181. itude value found in the trace The highest number of occurrences at the high end of amplitude range determines the HIGH level when the count is over 5 of the total number of samples Under the same condition the highest count in the low end of the amplitude range determines the LOW level If the 5 limit is not reached by any count the HIGH level is set to the MAX level and LOW is set to the MIN level MAX and MIN are the highest and the lowest detected amplitude levels This occurs for example when the signal is a sinewave The DISTAL MESIAL and PROXIMAL level are now derived as follows DISTAL 0 9 HIGH LOW MESIAL 0 5 HIGH LOW PROXIMAL 0 1 HIGH LOW Remote commands CPL QM Command to query a measurement Refer to Chapter 6 for full details MULTIPLY MATHEMATICS Description The MULTIPLY function performs a point to point multiplication of two traces The value of each data point is related to ground The result of the MULTIPLY function is a trace in a register The result trace can be scaled and positioned Scaling is the correction of the resulted trace to fit in the screen The TRACK control us used to adjust scaling Vertical positioning is called offset It offsets each sample in the resulting trace with a certain value so that the trace can be moved vertically The A control is used to adjust vertical positioning The scale factor and the offset factor are displayed in the MATH SCALE me
182. le acquisition Touch the probe tip to the Probe Adjust output The scope runs once and a signal appears on the screen Press the DISPLAY key Press the VERT MAGNIFY softkey to turn it on Turn the TRACK control clockwise The signal magnifies a maximum of 32 times The magnification factor is displayed in the DISPLAY menu At the same time the vertical deflection in the bottom text area reflects the expanded deflection factor Use the TRACK control to adjust VERT MAGNIFY to 8 Observe that you can observe the signal in more detail It has the same vertical resolution as when captured Notice the adc noise being displayed Vertical magnify is very useful when you want to observe a TEXT pl signal detail with very high dots resolution You can use it in sine combination with the horizontal gt MAGNIFY function 25 pmV v MTB 20 us 5 cht sT6725 9303 UUUUUU Note If you want to adjust the displayed position of the magnified trace you must enter the Recall menu and use the A control to make any adjustments to the Y position HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 61 DIGITAL DISPLAY INTERPOLATION Interpolation is a mathematical way to calculate displayed dots between actually captured signal samples Interpolated displays help in the recognition of trace waveforms even when the number of samples is too low to render an acc
183. lected only by the TRIGGER menu key and is restricted to the single shot modes The medium level is adjusted by the TRIGGER LEVEL knob The trigger gap between positive and negative slope is adjusted by the TRACK knob For line frequency related signals a Line trigger source is available The Line trigger source is selected by a softkey under the TRIGGER menu key The External Trigger input provides an extra trigger input This input can be used as the trigger source for the Main TimeBase MTB and Delayed Time Base DTB The input characteristics are simular to the input channels To reduce the effect on triggering on noisy signals trigger filters be used For this If rej or hf rej be selected Refer to TRIGGER COUPLING and TRIGGER LEVEL for details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 85 The MAIN TB trigger settings are selected in the menu under the TRIGGER menu key The toggle softkey ch line selects the trigger source in combination with the keys TRIG1 TRIG and EXT TRIG that give direct front panel access to select the trigger source This is combined with the slope selection SLOPE SLOPE POSITIVE NEGATIVE E 0 dI Ne of kee LEVEL WAVEFORM WAVEFORM ON SCREEN ON SCREEN SLOPE NEGATIVE pa TRIGGER LEVEL SLOPE POSITIVE F WAVEFORM WAVEFORM ON SCREEN ON SCREEN Function of TRIGGER LEVEL and slope Key sequence edge tv glitch TRIGGER Toggle softkey to select
184. lection Selection is possible only with X vs Y on Softkey pair to select source for horizontal deflection Selection is possible only with X vs Y on THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 1 6 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 1 INTRODUCTION The oscilloscope can be controlled via the RS 232 serial interface using the Compact Programming Language CPL protocol In this protocol a small but very powerful set of commands is defined The main characteristics of the CPL protocol It is kept simple and straightforward and is fully tailored to use simple communication facilities like those of BASIC Special emphasis is put on the ease of programming easy input format with a forgiving syntax Commands always consist of two characters that can be upper or lower case Parameters that sometimes follow the command may be separated from it by one or more separation characters Strict and consistent output format Alpha character responses are always in UPPERCASE Parameters are always separated by only one comma ASCII 44 Responses always end with a carriage return CR ASCII 13 Synchronization between input and output After receipt of every command CPL returns an acknowledge character and a carriage return CR ASCII 13 to indicate reception and or execution of the command Commands All commands consist of a header of two alpha characters Some of the commands are followed by parameters to give the oscilloscope more information The pa
185. ling edge ARUL 8 FUE hif hit 4 576025 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER TRIGGER LEVEL TRIGGER After each AUTOSET the trigger level is always clamped within the LEVEL signal amplitude range to assure stable triggering on most signals The trigger level is adjustable but it is limited between the minimum 100 and the maximum 100 amplitude levels of the signal Turn the TRIGGER LEVEL control As you turn the trigger level control the trigger level readout in the bottom of the screen shows the trigger level relative to the signal amplitude For example it may appear as Level 14 17 4 TRIGGER LEVEL O 576547 4 28 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRIGGER TRIGGER POSITION Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counterclockwise One of the outstanding capabilities of a Digital Storage Oscilloscope is the ability to capture and display signal details before the trigger moment When you turn the TRIGGER POSITION control counterclockwise the trigger point A is shifted to the right This allows you to look at the signal before the trigger point The pretrigger view is displayed in the bottom of t
186. lot J TRACK 5 TRACK E HP2225 pi _ HP7475A e IM HP7470A L J HPGL E dd mm yy LAYOUT Pj LAYOUT P hh mm ss IEEE IEEE RS232 RS232 5 5 dd mm yy 3 mm dd E 2 yy mm dd J RETURN 4 RETURN 4 RETURN 4 UTILITY UTILITY PRINTER L gt PRINTER LAYOUT LAYOUT GRID GRID yes no yes no 1 7 12 M 7 1 1 7 1 2 1 When IEEE option is not present UTILITY TRACE 7 TRACE 7 REMOTE SETUP menu s are not 0 present and REMOTE SETUP is replaced ee COLORS 1 by RS323 SETUP RETURN 4 RETURN 4 ST7677 1 UTILITY me nu structure 5 7677 2 UTILITY UTILITY UTILITY UTILITY Lp AUTOSET AUTOSET AUTOSET AUTOSET PROBE PROBE VERT AUTOSET PROBE UNAFFECT 1 CHANNELS 1 off 1 1 yes no scan default 3 unaffect 5 unaffect 5 userprog ac dc setups J J uneffect J 1 1 1 1MQ 500 1 uneffect TRIG 3 5 BWL 7 PROBE gt on off E unaffect RETURN 4 RETURN 4 RETURN 4 RETURN 4 UTILITY UTILITY UTILITY PROBE PROBE CORR SCALE PROBE cht SWITCH chi ch2 autoset 3 ls 8 setups e 5 14 5 5 analog w 10 1 A on off 20 1 SCALE J TRACK 501 2449 J 100 1 J E 06 5 1 UNITS CORR SCALE P RETURN 4 RETURN 4
187. ls for horizontal direction Also the line voltage or EXT TRIG channel can be used for X deflection Any of the input channels can be selected for vertical deflection In the digital mode X vs Y also uses a signal from one of the input channels X vs Y displays can also be displayed from signals previously stored in memory In this case the memory register e g m3 must first be selected with the TRACK control The horizontal deflection source can then be any of the active trace registers e g m3 2 The selections are made in the DISPLAY menu under the X DEFL or X vs Y menu softkey After the function is switched on the source selection becomes visible In all cases the active X deflection source is displayed at the bottom right of the screen and the Y deflection source s at the bottom left of the screen To achieve correct scaling and positioning use the channel AMPL front panel key pair their POS controls and the XPOS control in the analog mode For the digital mode use the VERT MAGNIFY under the DISPLAY menu and the XPOS control FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence ANALOG MODE DISPLAY X DEFL on off chi ch2 ext line DIGITAL MODE DISPLAY X vs Y on off TRACK X SOURCE Toggle softkey to switch X Deflection on Softkey pair to select X DEFL source Selection is possible only with X DEFLection on Toggle softkey to switch X vs Y on Control to select the register as source for vertical def
188. ltage 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 92 Measure 4 11 MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS 4 49 5 DELAY MEASUREMENT 5 26 5 MEASURE MENU 5 47 5 MEASUREMENTS 5 75 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 91 1 6 FUNCTION INDEX Entry Refer to chapter function Page Memory 4 9 MEMORY FUNCTIONS 4 49 Memory back up 2 2 MEMORY BACK UP BATTERIES 2 3 Memory bar 5 CURSORS eium 5 19 Memory expansion 5 ACQUISITION LENGTH 5 2 Minimum voltage 5 MEASUREMENTS 5 92 Multiply 5 49 O Overshoot 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 93 Peak detection 5 PEAK DETECTION 5 51 Performance test Reference manual Period 5 TIME MEASUREMENTS 5 76 Pkpk voltage 5 VOLT MEASUREMENTS 5 92 Plot 4 15 HARD COPY FACILITIES 4 67 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 53 Post trigger 5 DELAY teo bur be abe 5 24 Power up check 5 CONFIDENCE CHECK 5 18 Preshoot 5 MEASUREMENTS 5 93 Pre trigger 5 DELAY ie E eee R 5 24 Print 4 15 HARD COPY FACILITIES 4 67 5 PRINTING AND PLOTTING 5 53 Probe 5 PROBE UTILITIES 5 57 5 UTILITY MENU 5 89 Pulse width 5 TIME MEASUREMENT 5 76 R Random sampling 5 TIMEBASE MOD
189. mode In the acquisition system of a Digital Storage Oscilloscope the sample distance is determined by the time base speed At higher time base speeds the distance between the samples is short at lower time base speeds the sample distance is longer To capture high frequency signals or signal details of short duration a high time base speed is usually selected A high time base speed captures a time window that is usually equivalent to the length of the screen So at higher time base speeds the time window is shorter than at lower time base speeds Some applications require the time window to be long This is then achieved by selecting a slow time base speed to fit the requirement But at lower time base speeds the time distance between the actual samples increases The result is that signal details shorter than the sample distance will be missed The peak detection mode allows the Analog to Digital Convertors ADC to operate at their highest speed even when a lower time base speed has been selected The result is that even at lower time base speeds the maximum or minimum peaks of the signals are placed in memory and displayed This technique is referred to as oversampling Using peak detection PEAK DET allows you to capture peak values of the input signal which may otherwise occur between the samples PEAK DET operates on repetitive signals as well as on signals taken in a single acquisition The shortest e
190. mp PROTECT SAVE n Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode 1 Press the SAVE key to enter the SAVE ACQ TO MEMORY menu To be sure that all unnecessary stored traces are removed you first will clear all memory locations Press the CLEAR amp PROTECT softkey Press the clear all softkey The scope now displays the confirmation submenu to prevent you from removing traces you did not want to remove Press the yes confirm softkey If any memory locations were protected PROTECT ON in CLEARS PROTECT MEMORY submenu a second confirmation must be given Press the yes confirm softkey again 4 40 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT TRACE STORAGE SAVE Turn the TRACK control to select the memory location in which to store the trace data Observe that eight memory locations m1 to m8 or 50 memory locations when extended memory is installed scroll through the menu All locations are marked with a circle before the memory number Select memory location m1 Press the save softkey The signal is saved in memory location m1 Observe that the circle before m1 is solid now to indicate that this memory location is occupied Setthe MainTB to 500 us Select location m2 Press the save softkey Set the MainTB to 200 us div Select location m3 Press the save softkey Observe that memory locations m2 and m3 are now solid bullets as well
191. n displays three values per MEAS function These values are measured over the total number of acquisitions for that particular measurement and are updated instantly The statistic measurement values are as follows absolute minimum value absolute maximum value mean value FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 95 Key sequence volt time MEASURE MEAS1 2 delay Toggle softkey to select time measurements in menu C 2 7 MEAS1 MEAS2 TRACK Control to choose the volt measurement Control to select the signal on which the measurement must be done be on off Toggle softkey to switch the measurement on and off CURSOR CURSOR LIMIT amp LIMITED STATIST yes no C Toggle softkey to switch cursor limited measurements on and off STATIST on off Toggle softkey to switch the statist function on and off ST6780 9312 Remote commands CPL QM Command to query a measurement Refer to Chapter 6 for full details 5 96 FUNCTION REFERENCE X DEFLECTION X DEFL X vs Y Description X deflection creates X Y displays in which one input signal is displayed as function of another To obtain X Y displays in the analog mode the oscilloscope can be set to X DEFLection mode In the digital mode a similar function is called X vs Y mode In both cases a display of amplitude vs amplitude instead of the display of amplitude vs time is visible In the analog mode X DEFL uses a signal from one of the input channe
192. n of main a timebase FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 47 5 Description Two mathematical functions MATH 1 and MATH 2 are independent waveform processes These can be used separately or be chained together if required Each offers a choice of four mathematical functions add subtract multiply filter The result of each function is always placed in a separate register Independent operation allows two separate processes to be performed at the same time By placing the result of a mathematical function in a register memory it is possible to chain functions together An example is Ch1xCh2 with its result being filtered to remove noise In this example MATH 1 is the multiply function with the product placed in m1 and MATH 2 is the filter process filtering the contents of m1 and placing its results in m2 Appendix D gives the complete menu structure of the MATH menu When the oscilloscope has been delivered with the optional MATH menu the set of functions is expanded with integration differentiation Fast Fourier Transformation FFT analysis and histogram analysis processes For more details of these see the separate MATH PLUS manual MEASURE MENU Description In the digital mode the oscilloscope can perform two calculated measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2 simultaneously These measurements are in addition to the cursor measurements described under CURSORS Each calculated measurement can be individually
193. nal to the output amplifier in turn This can be done at the end of every sweep or at a high frequency The display modes are referred to as Alternate or Chop modes Alternate mode After each sweep of the time base has been completed the channel switch selects the next channel to be displayed during the next sweep The result is that each channel is displayed one after the other At fast timebase speeds this mode assures maximum intensity while slow timebase speeds in alternate mode result in a flickering display Chopped mode In this mode the channel selector switch operates at a high frequency and is no coupled to the time base sweep This mode is recommended for slow timebase speeds The display switches very fast 1 MHz between the channels which results in what appears to be a simultaneous display of all channels ALT CHOP is not available with single trace display In the digital mode channel 1 and channel 2 each have their own digitizer for simultaneous sampling on both channels In this two channel mode ALT CHOP is not active If a combination of channel 1 or 2 and channel 3 or 4 is selected the ALT CHOP is active and functions in the following way ALT results in a complete memory acquisition of channel 1 or 2 simultaneously sampled followed by a complete memory acquisition of channel 3 or 4 also simultaneously sampled CHOP results in a single sample being made on channel 1 or 2 followed by a single sample on channel 3
194. nctions of the instrument Function reference CPL protocol Function index Index IN THE APPENDICES Menu structures RS 232 Chapter 1 should be read before unpacking installing and operating the instrument Chapter 2 describes grounding line cord fuses and backup batteries Chapter 3 provides a 10 minute tutorial intended for those who are not familiar with Fluke oscilloscopes Chapter 4 provides the more experienced user with a detailed explanation of the major functions of the oscilloscope Chapter 5 contains an alphabetized description of each function Each description includes an explanation of local and remote control functions Chapter 6 provides the CPL commands with an example of each The Function Index lists all implemented functions in alphabetical order The overall index contains all function names and reference words in alphabetical order It includes the relevant chapter and page number where more detailed information can be found Cable configurations CONTENTS CONTENTS Page 1 OPERATORS SAFETY 1 1 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 1 2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 1 1 1 3 CAUTION AND WARNING STATEMENTS 1 1 14 SYMBOLS a ee a eee 1 2 1 5 IMPAIRED SAFETY PROTECTION 1 2 1 6 MEASURING EARTH 1 2 2 INST
195. ndwidth limiter on off number of traces average envelope 10 16 Common horizontal settings X deflection on off mode auto trig single multiple X deflection Source magnify acquisition length X position 11 17 Main Timebase settings timebase speed triggering edge TV MTBI on off MAIN TB on off trigger slope pos neg TV trigger F1 F2 line noise suppression on off continuous var discrete level pp on off trigger source trigger coupling TV trigger normal hdtv 12 18 Delayed Timebase settings timebase speed trigger mode edge tv DEL D TB on off edge trigger slope pos neg edge trigger source trigger coupling THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 51 hex dec meaning 13 19 Events Trigger Delay settings event counter low high trigger level low high trigger source event bits trigger coupling 14 20 SCPI Trigger Settings SCPI trigger source low high 20 32 Cursor settings V cursors on off T cursors on off rise time on off control V T Vpp on off rise time 10 90 20 80 readout Vpp V V cursors on off V readout delta absolute ratio T readout delta 1 delta ratio channel FFT read out dBm dBuV Vrms FFT reference impedance 21 33 Cursor autosearch settings on off flank selection reference selection abs rel 31 49 Measurement 1 settings 32 50 Measurement 2 settings Measure bits measure type source 1 low high source 2 low high 33 51 Pass fail test settings on off define action menu on off hardware on off 41
196. ne In the analog mode magnification is limited to 10 The right key will activate the magnification The left key will turn off the MAGNIFY function On or off is indicated by MGN in the bottom of the screen Press the ANALOG key to switch the scope to the digital mode In the digital mode pressing the right MAGNIFY key expands the signal in 1 2 4 steps to a maximum of 32 times Pressing the left MAGNIFY key compresses the signal to 1 again When you operate the MAGNIFY buttons or when you turn the X POSition control a bargraph is displayed showing which part of the digital trace is expanded The MAGNIFY key and X POS control can also be used after the oscilloscope is STOPped Pd 5 0045 p 2 10 DIV a START OF TIME WINDOW CAN BE VARIED WITH X POS OVER THE WHOLE SWEEP RANGE 1 00ms 40 DIV E ST6684 GETTING STARTED 3 13 3 9 DIRECT TRIGGER SETUP Now you are ready to set your trigger conditions You will use one of the channel selection keys TRIG1 TRIG2 TRIG3 TRIG4 or EXT TRIG and the TRIGGER LEVEL control ARMD e TRIGGER LEVEL Ter gue Figure 3 7 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 ST7669 Direct trigger setup Press the AUTOSET key The square wave signal of the Probe Adjust output is now displayed on channel 1 Turn channel 2 on to display a second horizontal trace channel 2 has no input signal Press the TRIG2 key so t
197. ne now displays In most cases dc input coupling is used to show ac as well as dc components of the signal However in some cases where a small ac signal is superimposed on a large dc voltage ac input coupling must be used Then only the ac component is visible on the screen The text line shows a or sign to indicate dc or ac coupling Because the calibration signal is a square wave with a low level of OV and a high level of 600 mV the screen shows either of the following two displays AC INPUT COUPLING DC INPUT COUPLING e LEVEL LEVEL CHA 200 MTB 200 CH1 CH 200 2005 56682 3 10 GETTING STARTED Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 NOTE Press the ANALOG key to enter the digital mode Press the top one mV of the AMPL keys so that the signal has maximum amplitude Press AUTO RANGE and see the signal change to a suitable attenuator value When AUTO RANGE is active the attenuators automatically adjust when the signal amplitude changes to keep the trace on screen Press the key labeled AVERAGE Noise in the input signal can be reduced by using the average function The random noise is reduced by calculating the average over the last n scans average factor can be set between 2 and 4096 Refer to Chapter 4 for an explanation of the CH1 CH2 TR
198. ng correct or incorrect operation 0 Ok normal situation 1 Syntax error ST query may give more info 2 Execution error ST query may give more info 3 Synchronization error 4 Communication error Explanation and examples of the errors Syntax Error returned when the command is not understood by the oscilloscope for one of the following reasons Unknown header wrong instructions Data format of body is wrong e g alpha characters when decimal data expected Execution Error returned when internal processing is not possible Data out of internal range Conflicting oscilloscope settings Synchronization Error returned when the oscilloscope receives a new command while it is still executing the previous one a new command is sent without waiting for the acknowledge synchronization Communication Error returned when any framing parity or overrun error occurs in the received data When an error is detected during the execution of the command the oscilloscope sends an acknowledge the oscilloscope terminates further execution of the command and returns to the idle state the oscilloscope is then ready for a new command 6 48 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 7 STATUS The Status word gives more information when the acknowledge is non zero A certain bit in the word can be found by performing a logical AND of the status word with the mask defined below Logical AND the words are compare
199. nly the delta cursor moves UUUUUU READOUT 576730 9303 hizi 4 46 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT CURSORS VOLT Use the softkeys to select the amplitude cursors intensified Two amplitude cursors will appear in the display The menu permits the channel to be selected for which the amplitude cursors apply When channel 1 is the only channel displayed ch1 is the only selection CURSORS on off Turn the TRACK Sing control to move both qm chi cursors and turn the A Delta A control to oni Arr PAY Sep move only the A cursor cH1 2pomV MTB 200us hif CURSORS AMPLITUDE amp TIME Amplitude and Time cursors can be displayed at the same time When both amplitude and time cursors are displayed you must select which cursors are affected by the TRACK and A controls This selection is made by toggling the softkey CONTROL Channel selection applies only to the voltage cursors The time cursor always applies to all channels To use both types of cursors at the same time do the following Press the softkey next to so that is intensified Press the CONTROL softkey so that is intensified Turn the TRACK control and observe that only the amplitude cursors move Press the
200. nnel 1 signal on positive m slope and the second is listed to the channel 2 signal on LICL negative slope The delay is displayed in the top f corner of the screen ch del us X DELAY Press the RETURN softkey to return to the MEASURE menu This measurement is very useful when you must compensate unequal cable delays 4 52 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MEASURE CURSOR LIMIT With cursor limited measurements it is possible to perform measurements on a part of the waveform Press the softkey next to CURSOR LIMIT amp STATIST Set CURSOR LIMITED to yes Turn the A control to reduce the area between the cursors Notice that the measurement result shows dashes when the area between the cursors gets too small Press the RETURN softkey to return to the MEASURE menu Turn off the measurements MEAS1 and MEAS2 Disconnect the probe from channel 2 before continuing to the next section HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 53 MEASURE TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE The probes delivered with the oscilloscope offer a unique and innovative way to perform a number of functions directly from a push button mounted on the side of the probe One of these functions is called TOUCH HOLD and MEASURE The TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE function is a very quick way to instantly display the four main m
201. nt is displayed in the center of the screen The left side of the screen displays the part of the signal before triggering pretrigger information SINGLE Probe Adjust je p mV z JL 576505 9303 In SINGLE SHOT also Dual Slope triggering is possible See chapter 5 TRIGGER MAIN TB function 4 30 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 6 DIGITAL ACQUISITION AND STORAGE This section gives you a short introduction to digital acquisition and storage in order to provide the basic knowledge and terms This information is necessary for you to understand all digital statements in the following sections of the manual ANALOG gt INPUT DISPLAY DIGITAL INPUT signal data ACQUISITION sme DISPLAY REGISTER MEMORY T6721 In the analog mode the input signals are directly displayed on the screen In the digital mode the channels are applied to the input stage of the digital circuit the analog to digital convertors ADC s The ADC s convert the analog signal s into digital data Depending on the selected timebase speed this sa2pling and conversion is done at a rate of up to 200 million samples per second 200 MS s This high sampling rate allows you to observe fast signal variations Digital
202. nting EVENTS Available in the digital mode only The use of EVENTS delay causes the acquisition to start after a user selectable number of events has been counted Delay A full description is given under Delayed Timebase Trigger position Pretrigger is used to observe a portion of the signal that occurs before the trigger point This trigger point is then indicated in the screen by a marker s The maximum pretrigger is the acquisition length In this case the trigger point marker is positioned on the right side of the screen and the entire record contains pretrigger information The pretrigger view is indicated in divisions in the bottom of the screen Posttrigger is used for time delay and is expressed in seconds or fractions thereof The maximum delay depends on the setting of the main timebase Maximum trigger delay is 100 divisions the resolution is 1 50 of the timebase TIME DIV setting Event delay Event delay postpones triggering until a specific number of trigger events have occurred The trigger event is defined in the EVENT DELAY sub menu of the TB MODE Its definition consists of a signal source and a trigger level event level FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 25 Every time the signal crosses this level the event counter is incremented by one When the event counter reaches the selected delay value the scope triggers and a new signal acquisition is started The number of events to be counted before the acquisition starts is sele
203. nu Pressing the autoscale softkey automatically selects the settings for the trace to fit in the screen 5 50 FUNCTION REFERENCE Newly acquired traces or previously stored traces can be used as source for this process and can be selected with the A control The resulting trace is automatically written in a register memory m1 for math1 or m2 for math2 To see the result more clearly use the DISPLAY SOURCE on off softkey to turn off the two source traces One example of using the MULTIPLY function is the measurement of dissipated power by taking the voltage across a device and multiplying it by the current through the same device Mathematical description Result S1 x S2 Key sequence add substract multiply MATH 1 2 filter Control to select the MULTIPLY process Control to select the first source trace Control to select the second source trace 0 on off Toggle softkey to switch the MULTIPLY function on SCALE TRACK Control to adjust the scale factor Control to adjust the offset factor 00 auto scale Toggle softkey to select the autoscaling DISPLAY SOURCE yes Toggle softkey to switch the source traces on and off 5 7271 9303 Remote commands CPL QW Command to query a waveform Refer to Chapter 6 for full details FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 51 PEAK DETECTION Description This function is available only in the digital
204. number 8 625E 6 Trigger delay Y resolution number 78 13E 3 X_resolution number 1E 6 Y_range number 65535 date string F 1994 01 25 1 time string 17 11 25 40 option 17 11 25 dT corr number 375E 3 dT corr X resolution min max number 0 1 min max trace mult_shot_tot number 32 mult_shot_nr number 5 reserved string 0 reserved string 0 1 When A option is added F date format E European A American J Japanese No option then E format The acquisition length 512 8192 16384 or 32768 Extended Memory 8192 and higher 2 bytes Most Significant Byte Least Significant Byte representing the 16 bit sample value bit 16 32768 bit 15 16384 bit 1 1 Range 32k down 32k up Example 1000000011000111 value 32569 byte 1 byte 2 byte 1 128 value 32768 byte 2 128 64 4 2 1 199 value 199 checksum 1 byte checksum over all sample bytes THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 37 Example 100 PRINT 7 QW 74 Query waveform m7 4 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 INPUT NM Trace name 130 INPUT YUNITS Y unit 140 INPUT XUNITS X unit 150 INPUT YZERO Y zero 160 INPUT XZERO X_zero 170 INPUT YRESOL Y resolution 180 INPUT XRESOL X resolution 190 INPUT YRANGE Y range 200 INPUT Date 210 INPUT Time 220 INPUT DTC Delta T correction 230 INPUT MINMAX Min Max trace 240 INPUT RES1S
205. o illuminate the graticule of the Mee screen The trace is adjusted parallel with the horizontal graticule lines by the screwdriver controlled TRACE ROTATION control 3 4 GETTING STARTED 3 4 AUTO SETUP The best way to start each measurement is by using the AUTOSET key This automatically finds and scales all relevant parameters on all channels AUTO SET boo o o AOoso0o0s8o008oO0o0 9 9 9 m 000000 00900 576659 9303 Figure 8 8 Measuring setup Step 1 Connect the probe as shown in figure 3 3 NOTE AUTOSET is programmable Because you have set the instrument in the standard setup before see Section 3 2 all programmable features are setto a predefined condition and the instrument is set in the analog mode Programming of AUTOSET is explained in Chapters 4 and 5 Step 2 Press the AUTOSET key The scope flashes the message AUTO SETTING on the screen In a few seconds the front panel settings are adjusted for an optimized display of the applied signal in the analog mode Step3 calibration signal is clearly displayed The parameters of the channel and the timebase settings are displayed at the bottom of the screen
206. o the highest quality standards to give you many years of trouble free and accurate measurements The powerful measuring functions listed below have been combined with an easy and logical operation to let you use the full power of this instrument each and every day If you have any comments on how this product could be improved please contact your local FLUKE organization FLUKE addresses are listed in the back of the REFERENCE MANUAL The REFERENCE MANUAL also contains CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION BRIEF CHECKING PROCEDURE PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURES PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES IV MAIN FEATURES There are five models in this family of FLUKE oscilloscopes Each of these models is a combination of an analog real time oscilloscope and a fully featured digital storage oscilloscope By pressing a single key you can switch the instrument from the analog mode to the digital mode and back This allows each of the units to be used in an optimum operating mode for all kinds of signal conditions Complex data streams modulated waveforms and video signals can often best be seen in the analog mode of operation The digital mode of operation is more suited for single events signals with low repetition frequencies and when automatic measurements need to be performed In this family there is a choice of five models Two models have a bandwidth of 200 MHz two have a bandwidth of 100 MHz and on
207. o the standard setting Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press AUTOSET HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 69 UTILITY PRINT SETUP The oscilloscope must first be set to the correct interface parameters Your instrument is always equipped with an RS 232 interface as standard The following procedure describes how to set up the oscilloscope to use a printer through the RS 232 interface Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the UTILITY key Press the softkey PRINT amp PLOT amp CLK Select print with the first softkey Using the TRACK control you can choose from the following models or emulations HP 2225 FX 80 LQ 1500 HPLASER and HP540 Deskjet Turn TRACK to select the printer you wish to use Press the softkey next to RS 232 IEEE to select RS 232 The RS 232 settings of the oscilloscope and the printer must match To set the RS 232 parameters do the following Press RETURN to go to the UTILITY main menu Press the RS 232 SETUP softkey If the IEEE option is present the RS 232 SETUP softkey is reached via the REMOTE SETUP softkey Set the RS 232 parameters baud rate data bits parity connector type and XON XOFF Press the RETURN softkey If you don t know what to choose
208. o to Remote ID IDentification LL Local Lockout PC Program Communication PS Program Setup PT Program text PW Program Wavefrom QS Query Setup QM Query measurement QP Query Print QT Query text QW Query Wavefrom RI Reset Instrument RS Recall Setup internal SS Save Setup internal ST STatus query TA Trigger Acquisition 6 6 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 5 COMMAND REFERENCE In this section all commands of the CPL protocol available in the oscilloscope are described in alphabetical order All command descriptions have the same layout NAME NM Purpose Explains the command its parameters and limitations Command Shows the syntax for the programming command The parameters are separated by one or more PROGRAM DATA SEPARATORS lt pds gt Commands are terminated by a Carriage Return CR Response Shows the format of the response coming from the oscilloscope Responses are terminated by a Carriage Return CR The oscilloscope will lt acknowledge gt after the receipt of each programmed command This acknowledgment indicates the status of the oscilloscope after command execution For more information refer to section 6 6 ACKNOWLEDGE To obtain a more detailed status description the status can be fetched with the ST command Example Example lines of programming code are used to demonstrate the function of the CPL commands The examples as shown can be embedded in the Program Frame mentioned in section 6 2
209. odels offer the selection of an input impedance of 50Q on all input channels The EXTTRIG input has no 500 possibility The impedance selection is a subfunction in VERT MENU The 50Q input impedance is used to obtain a correct impedance to match signal sources of the same impedance For interconnection a coaxial 50Q cable must be used The 50 position is indicated on the display with the Lz sign Low Z Low Impedance Disconnect all signals from the inputs Using a 50Q coaxial cable connect a 4 Vpp 2 kHz signal from a generator with 50 output impedance to channel 1 Press the AUTOSET key Press VERT MENU Press the 500 CH1 softkey 500 CH 0 575968 9312 Observe that the displayed signal amplitude changes to half of the original amplitude This is caused by the change of the input impedance to 50Q which results in a voltage division between the 500 output of the generator and the 500 input of the oscilloscope Remove the input signal from CH1 VERTICAL PROBE RANGE INDICATOR Connect the probe again Since the 10 1 probe delivered with the instrument is a high impedance probe the 50Q termination is automatically turned off At the same time the sensitivity readout is adjusted automatically detector sw when a 10 1 or 100 1 probe is used This way you don t have to multi
210. oggle key for vertical input coupling of the input channels AC DC Toggle key for vertical input coupling of the External Trigger input INPUT IMPEDANCE 200 MHZ MODELS ONLY Description For high frequency measurements the input impedance can be switched from 1 MO to 500 Input impedance is automatically adapted to the type of probe Manual switching is done with the toggle key 500 in the VERT MENU menu The 500 input is not available for the EXT TRIG The input is protected in the 1 MQ as well as the 500 setting 1 protected for signals up to 400V 500 protected for peak voltages up to 50V or up to 5V rms For details refer to the Reference Manual Key sequence 500 CH1 VERT MENU 9n TT Toggle key to switch 500 input impedance of CH1 500 CH on off Toggle key to switch 500 input impedance of CH 577917 5 42 FUNCTION REFERENCE LOGIC TRIGGER 4 CHANNELS MODELS ONLY Description Logic triggering enables triggering on a combination of the four input signals Each input is compared with a trigger level and is recognized as being either HIGHer or LOWer than the trigger level The four input signals together can be regarded to be a 4 bit digital word If this word matches a certain pattern triggering occurs The 4 bit trigger pattern can be edited with the TRIG buttons in each of the channel sections and is displayed in the lower right hand corner of the screen with each input bein
211. one of the two Control to shift the A cursor CPL QM command to query measured values Refer to Chapter 6 for full details 5 22 FUNCTION REFERENCE CURSORS READOUT Description The cursors offer a wide variety of voltage and time readouts For comparison of signal details the ratio mode is very suitable When in analog mode time or volt cursors have been selected only the relevant readouts are displayed in the READOUT menu In digital mode all readouts are displayed at the same time The various readout selections for time volt and both are reached via the key sequence CURSORS gt gt READOUT CURSORS READOUT TIME Three time interval readouts can be selected Gives the time between the cursors 1 AT This results is a frequency readout The readout is correct when the distance between the cursors equals one signal period AT ratio The readout is a percentage that can be reset by using the 100 softkey This mode can be used for time comparisons The figure shows an example of a duty cycle measurement First the cursors are positioned at the period and the readout Be a Then the pulse width is ees POSITION CURSORS Phase ph The readout is a number of PRESS AT 100 degrees that can be reset using the 360 softkey T trg time to trigger The readout gives the time between the trigger point and each time cursors
212. ontrol is used to select the waveform The result of the measurement is displayed in the top left corner of the screen PERIOD PULSE The following measurements are possible Tee MESIAL Refer to section MEASURE MENU for details of signal parameters 4 DISTAL m PROXIMAL stera RISE FALL freq FREQUENCY Measures the reciprocal of the PERIOD of the signal Frequency is calculated between the first and third mesial of the signal At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid measurement 1 time of 3rd mesial time 1st mesial freq 5 76 FUNCTION REFERENCE period PERIOD Measures the time between the first and third mesial of the signal At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid measurement period time of 3rd mesial time of 1st mesial pulse PULSE WIDTH Measures the minimum time of the positive part and negative part of the first period of the signal At least one complete signal period must be acquired to get a valid measurement pulse min time 2nd mesial time 1st mesial pos part of signal period time 2nd mes time 1st mes neg part of signal period Note that the part with the shortest duty cycle is always defined as pulse rise RISE TIME Measures the rise time of a signal It is calculated between the proximal and distal of the first r
213. ope 1 25 CH1 100 PRINT 1 SS 7 Save Setup command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 120 PRINT 1 PT S 7 Program setup Text command 130 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 140 PRINT 1 1 25 k CHRS 25 CH1 Send setup text 150 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 6 22 THE CPL PROTOCOL PROGRAM WAVEFORM PW Purpose To send a waveform to the oscilloscope This function is referred to as to Program a complete Waveform in the oscilloscope A waveform is sent programmed in two command sequences The first sequence selects the waveform register number programs the waveform administration data and programs the number of samples The second sequence programs the samples including a checksum Each sequence is synchronized by an acknowledge response You can use the PW command to send the data received with the QW command back to the oscilloscope Note number of data bits of the RS 232 interface must be 8 not 7 otherwise an execution error will occur Command 1 PW pds wave nr pds admin pds count CR Response 1 acknowledge CR Command 2 sample checksum Response 2 acknowledge CR THE CPL PROTOCOL wave The oscilloscope waveform destination 011 084 for m1 1 m8 4 091 504 for m9 1 m50 4 Extended Memory only 09e
214. or 4 This continues until the acquisition memory for each channel is filled This ALT CHOP function is valid only for the real time sampling timebase speeds NOTE For further details on three or four channel operation also refer to the ACQUISITION LENGTH and PEAK DETECTION functions 5 8 FUNCTION REFERENCE The alternate and chopped modes are shown in the figures below ALTERNATE MODE Key sequence TB MODE chop Toggle softkey to select ALTernate or CHOPped mode 576845 9303 ANALOG MODE Description You can use the yellow ANALOG key to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar Depending on the nature of the signal used or the choice of the measurement you may prefer the analog mode This is especially true for the following types of signals amplitude modulated signals frequency modulated signals fastsweeps long serial data streams e most video signals observing signal changes e g adjustments The same waveform is usually displayed in the same manner whether you select the analog or the digital mode However some functions are not implemented in both modes For instance the digital mode permits the viewing of pre trigger information The digital mode also offers auto range for main time base and vertical chann
215. ost Digital Storage Oscilloscopes limit their capabilities to the display of amplitude in volts versus time In addition to those traditional oscilloscope functions this range offers capabilities to mathematically change the contents of each memory location To do so the functions under MATHEMATICS allow you to calculate new waveforms from existing other traces serving as input data If your oscilloscope is equipped with the MATH option more functions available than the ones described in this section Additional information on the additional functions is described in a separate manual The section below describes the mathematical functions implemented in the standard oscilloscopes versions Two mathematical functions MATH 1 and MATH 2 can be used as two independent processes They can be used in series or in parallel The result of MATH 1 is always stored in memory location m1 The result of MATH 2 is always stored in memory location m2 When used for mathematical functions existing memory locations are overwritten Use the Copy function to save important traces in another memory location before using the mathematical functions STANDARD SETTING Start with the standard setting to ensure that you have the correct start condition Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 Press AUTOSET The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a squar
216. over has been designed to snap on to the front of the instrument The front can be removed as follows Fold the carrying handle down so that the oscilloscope occupies a sloping position refer to Chapter 2 4 for how to proceed Pull the clamping lip at the top side of the cover slightly outwards the cover off the instrument 2 4 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 4 HANDLE ADJUSTMENT AND OPERATING POSITIONS OF THE INSTRUMENT By pulling both handle ends outwards away from the instrument the handle can be rotated to allow the following instrument positions vertical position on its rear feet horizontal position on its bottom feet in three sloping positions on its handle The characteristics mentioned in the REFERENCE MANUAL are guaranteed for the specified positions or when the handle is folded down CAUTION To avoid overheating ensure that the ventilation holes in the covers are free of obstruction Do not position the instrument in direct sunlight or on any surface that produces or radiates heat In the rear panel of the instrument there is storage space for the mains cable There is also a clamping device to fix the end of the mains cable to the rear panel The mains plug then fits in the area where the RS232 connector is present In this way the instrument can also stand on its rear feet 1 Let n Figure 2 2 Instrument positions 2 5 IEEE 488 2 IEC 625 BUS INTERFACE OPTION
217. plays the two Probe Adjust signals in the center of the screen Press the TEXT OFF key to turn off the bottom text Switch on the channels 3 and 4 when present screen displays two four traces now Press the DISPLAY key Press the key next to WINDOWS to on Bt The screen is automatically divided into two windows of four or four of two divisions each Each window displays 4 one trace Observe that the amplitude of the signal has been adjusted to the actual window space Turn the Y POS control of channel 2 and observe that you can shift the trace within but not outside the window Use the window function for logic applications where amplitude accuracy is less important than clear timing comparisons Switch the WINDOWS off again Disconnect the probe from channel 2 before continuing to the next section HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 63 4 14 DELAYED TIMEBASE The Delayed Timebase DEL DTB has two basic functions DELAYED TIME BASE DELAY DTB s TIME DIV ns OOO To magnify and display any detail of the signal displayed with the main timebase To permit more accurate timing measurements ST6719 9303 STANDARD SETTING To start from a predefined state you must recall the standard front setting Simultaneously pr
218. ply the displayed amplitude by 10 or 100 when you use a Fluke probe with range indication 4 22 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 5 HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION AND TRIGGERING Before starting with the horizontal deflection functions you must set the instrument to a predefined state to create a correct start situation STANDARD SETTING Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press AUTOSET TIMEBASE TIME DIV TIME DIV 4 periods cycles of the square wave are displayed on the screen 576639 Press the s left key of the MainTB TIME DIV key pair few times The more you press the left s key the slower the timebase will run This results in the number of displayed periods cycles of the input signal to increase Press the ns right key of the MainTB TIME DIV key pair a few times The number of displayed periods cycles decreases as the timebase speed increases Observe that the timebase speeds are adjustable in steps following a 1 2 5 sequence TIME DIV Sv VAR v ns amp MITB 80045 MTB 100us 576709 Set the timebas
219. pplications this menu is not needed 3 20 GETTING STARTED 3 14 MORE SIGNAL DETAIL WITH THE DELAYED TIMEBASE When you need to study a part of a signal in more detail a second delayed timebase is available This timebase has its own timebase settings and trigger level adjustment Additional selections are made in the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu DISPLAY MAGNIFY TRIGGER DELAYED TIMEBASE pei POSITION DTB s TIME DIV ns TB MODE CIO OO gajo osoo Figure 8 11 Delayed timebase setup Step 1 Press the STATUS key and TEXT OFF key at the same time for STANDARD SETUP Then shift to trace to the upper half of the screen as indicated CH1 50mVi MTB 1 00 5 chi 516690 GETTING STARTED 3 21 Step 2 Press the DTB key The DELAYED TIME BASE menu is now displayed on screen Turn the delayed time base on with the first softkey DELAYED TIME BASE H on off MAIN TB on off starts trig d T TB1 00m chi CH1 50mV DTB 100us 4 882ms 516689
220. preset probe attenuation factor for probes without indication ring after AUTOSET 5 14 FUNCTION REFERENCE AVERAGE Description Valid in digital mode only Averaging is a process to reduce random noise without losing bandwidth Averaging can only be used for repetitive signals Every sample point is calculated after every subsequent acquisition as follows new previous In this formula previous is the result of the average function after the previous acquisition on the same sample position as the measured one C is the average factor Noise is reduced by a factor which is equal to the square root of C Average values for can be selected from 2 to 4096 in a binary sequence To do so use the TRACK control in the ACQUIRE menu Averaging also results in a higher vertical resolution resulting in higher measurement accuracy Averaging can be quickly switched on and off with the direct access key AVERAGE on the front panel or via the ACQUIRE menu Once activated average is a continuous process until it is switched off However whenever the display is changed e g POS AMPL DIV the average process will restart AVERAGE is mutually exclusive with ENVELOPE If the ENVELOPE mode is selected AVERAGE is automatically switched off Key sequence AVERAGE Key to switch the AVERAGE function on or off acquirE TRACK Control to select the AVERAGE factor 576555 9303 FUNCTION
221. quipment General information for SCPI and the instructions are located in a separate programming manual The 24 pole connector and its connections are shown in the figure below For correct functioning in a IEEE 488 environment the oscilloscope s device address must be selected This is done in the UTILITY REMOTE CONTRL menu with the TRACK control This menu is reached via the key sequence UTILITY gt gt REMOTE CONTRL To change the IEEE settings first select IEEE with the RS 232 IEEE softkey SHIELD SRQ NDAC DAV DIO4 DIO2 ATN IFC FD EO1 DIOS DIO1 Operation of front key STATUS LOCAL 12 passes the control of the oscilloscope from the interface remote to the front keys local 0107 IGND 9 7 LOGIC GND GND GND DIO8 DIO6 GND 10 8 6 Key sequence REMOTE TRACK UTILITY SETUP 7 20 Control to select the IEEE device address ST6075 9303 STATUS Key to switch from remote to local LOCAL FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 59 REMOTE CONTROL RS 232 Description The oscilloscope is equipped with an RS 232 Interface as standard This can be used for remote control or for setting the readout using an external controller or PC The language used is called CPL Compact Programming Language and is described in Chapter 6 CPL is a small set of very powerful commands for full remote control of all oscilloscope functions
222. r low repetition rate signal at high timebase speed This can be done by selecting the real time sampling only mode in the Main Time Base menu this mode the scope never switches to random sampling In order to capture a longer time window than would be accessible with the given time base speed the Main Time Base mode menu allows you to select a longer acquisition length By means of horizontal magnification 2x 4x 8x up to 32x you can expand the signal giving you a higher effective time base speed In the DOTS mode single samples become visible and SINE and LINEAR interpolation can be used to reconstruct a true to life waveform In four channel single shot mode with its maximum sample rate of 5 MS s a timebase speed close to 1 us div is no problem The 8x magnified waveform is then reconstructed out of 62 samples FUNCTION INDEX l 1 FUNCTION INDEX see Chapter 5 ACQUISITION LENGTH ADD INVERT SUBTRACT ADD MATHEMATICS ALT CHOP ANALOG MODE AUTO RANGE AUTOSET AUTOSET RECALL SEQUENCE AUTOSET USERPROG AVERAGE BANDWITH LIMITER CALIBRATION AUTOCAL CHANNEL TRACE SELECTION CONFIDENCE CHECK CURSORS CURSORS READOUT DELAY DELAY MEASUREMENT DEL D TB DIGITAL MODE DISPLAY MENU ENVELOPE EXTERNAL TRIGGER FILTER GLITCH TRIGGER HOLD OFF INPUT ATTENUATOR INPUT COUPLING INPUT IMPEDANCE LOGIC TRIGGER 1 2 FUNCTION INDEX MAGNIFY HORIZONTAL MAGNIFY VERTICAL MAIN TB TIME DIV MATHE
223. r phase to 360 Toggle function softkey to link the TRACK control to both cursors or to the track cursor only I Toggle function softkey to switch between time or Ly volt cursor for 100 reset and positioning 5 24 FUNCTION REFERENCE DELAY Description Delay is the term that is used to define the time difference between the trigger point of an acquisition and the starting point of the resulting trace In an analog oscilloscope the trigger point is at the beginning of a trace and the delay is said to be zero The use of a Delayed Timebase introduces a delay between the trigger point of the Main Timebase and the start of the trace which is displayed with the Delayed Timebase Three types of Delay This family of oscilloscopes has three types of adjustable delay 1 Delay controlled by the DELAY control on the front panel This is the amount of time delay between the start of the Main Timebase and the Delayed Timebase This delay applies to the Analog mode as well as to the Digital mode 2 A delay between the trigger point and a signal acquisition This delay is used to position the acquired input signal with respect to the trigger point This type of delay can be positive as well as negative The result is the acquisition of posttrigger or pretrigger waveform data respectively This delay is available in the digital mode only and is controlled with the TRIGGER POSITION control 3 Delay caused by cou
224. rameters are separated from one another by a PROGRAM DATA SEPARATOR lt pds gt At the end of the complete command i e header parameters comes the PROGRAM MESSAGE TERMINATOR CR After the CR is recognized by the oscilloscope the command will be executed Then an acknowledge and CR is sent to signal the end of the command processing Notes Literal characters are placed between double quotes e g AS Literal characters may be specified in upper and lower case 6 2 THE CPL PROTOCOL There are several IMPLICIT QUERY commands which means that the oscilloscope will send data back i e respond to the computer after receiving and executing the command Acknowledge The lt acknowledge gt is an automatic response from the oscilloscope to let the computer know that the received command has been executed The acknowledge also contains information about how the command was executed An acknowledge is always followed by a CR For more information see section 6 6 ACKNOWLEDGE Responses The format of the response data depends on the command which invoked the response When several values or strings are returned they are always separated with a RESPONSE DATA SEPARATOR which is a comma ASCII 44 To signal the end of the response a RESPONSE MESSAGE TERMINATOR CR ASCII 13 is sent Data Separators Data Separators are used between parameters sent to the oscilloscope and between values and strings receive
225. rately over the screen by means of the A control Turn the POSition control REGISTER off softkey to on Q Iorin Turn the A control trace A register The live trace shifts sm O Cj Turn the TRACK ono CO control to select m2 piseuay Press the DISPLAY POS 950 Observe that the second stored trace shifts HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 43 TRACE STORAGE SAVING MULTIPLE TRACES Each memory location can store two channels Connect the probe to channel 1 Press AUTOSET Switch on channel 2 Turn the channel 2 POS control counterclockwise The upper trace displays the signal of channel 1 and the lower line represents channel 2 Press the SAVE key Turn the TRACK control to select memory location m1 Press the save softkey to store two traces in m1 Observe that m1 was already filled so the confirmation submenu is displayed Press the softkey next to yes This overwrites memory m1 with the new traces TRACE STORAGE RECALLING MULTIPLE TRACES Press the RECALL menu key The memory location is already preset to the last saved m1 Press the DISPLAY on off softkey so that m1 is displayed Turn the A control counterclockwise Observe that both traces are displayed and shifted to the lower screen Press the softkey next to register
226. red values automatically changed at the same time The read outs are displayed in the upper section of the screen STANDARD SETTING Start with the standard setting This ensures a correct start Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 The Probe Adjust signal now supplied to the input is a square wave with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press AUTOSET 4 50 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT MEASURE MEAS1 PKPK MUST Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the MEASURE key The displayed menu gives access to the two measurements MEAS 1 and MEAS 2 Each measurement can be independently turned on and off In this menu you can select the measurement in MEAS 1 and MEAS 2 function Observe that the measurements are linked to the active channel The two default measurements are pkpk and freq Press the second softkey to turn MEAS1 to on The screen automatically displays the result of the peak to peak measurement chi mV Press the softkey next to MEAS1 The menu displays the SELECT MEAS 1 submenu You can choose from three main measurements volt time or delay The lower part of the menu optimizes to the selected main measurement The actual type of measurement is selected by using the TRACK control The following voltage measurements are available dc root mean square minimum peak maximum
227. return to edge Note In the Digital mode an additional selection is available This is called logic or glitch A full description of the Logic and Glitch triggering functions can be found in Chapter 5 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 35 TRIGGER LEVEL Press the level pp softkey to turn it off TRIGGER The automatic level detection circuitry is turned off The trigger level is LEVEL longer clamped within the peak peak range of the signal You must adjust the proper trigger level While you turn the TRIGGER LEVEL control the actual trigger level is displayed in m V An indicator T is displayed next to the channel identifier when the combination of trigger coupling and channel input coupling is useful both ac coupled or both dc coupled When the T is within the signal range a stable display of the signal is obtained When proper triggering takes place the ARM D LED is off Use the TRIGGER LEVEL control to move the indicator T vertically FHEEHHEE LEVEL When the trigger level indicator T is outside the signal range triggering is lost Because of the nature of the Probe Adjust input signal it appears that only two lines are drawn The timebase is not properly triggered as is indicated by the ARM D LED being turned on 576738 Note T is an indication for r
228. s as indicated Note that all registers will be cleared when the length is changed The user must confirm the change of the acquisition length The X POS control is used to move the trace in horizontal direction and to display any desired part A bar graph shows which part of the trace is displayed on the screen By using the MAGNIFY key pair you can expand the trace up to 32 times to look at signal details The MAGNIFY keys can also be used to compress the signal to fit the display width and look at the total waveform This is realized without the loss of vertical information The 8K acquisition memory is shared between all channels In the 2ch O4K pts mode the entire memory is used for the two channels so triggerview of the external trigger channel is not possible In the standard mode the trace length is 512 samples and all channels can be acquired simultaneously In this mode more traces can be stored in the reference memory and the screen update rate increases This mode also supports delayed timebase operation This way acquisition can consist of up to eight traces four Main TB and four Delayed TB traces for the 2 channel models six traces two Main TB traces two Delayed Time Base traces and two Trigger View MTB DTB traces The following table shows the selection possibilities for a standard oscilloscope with 8K acquisition memory Acquisition length Reference memory Traces 8K 2 registers of 1 trace each 3 3
229. s in the same register memory to avoid any possible error of making delay measurements between traces that were not part of the same acquisition For each source there is a softkey to select the slope of the edge leading edge or trailing edge The delay is displayed in the top left corner of the screen del 5 Delay leading trailing edge S1 leading trailing edge S2 where 1 and S2 are source signals S1 and S2 Refer to section MEASURE MENU for details of signal parameters ST6658 DELAY FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 27 Key sequence MEASURE 1 2 delay Toggle softkey to select the delay measurement in 4 menu DELAY 1 or DELAY 2 J TRACK Control to select the reference waveform Toggle softkey to select the slope of the reference waveform Referred to zero delay Control to select the second waveform Toggle softkey to select the slope of the second waveform JO on off Toggle softkey to switch the delay measurement on and off 9303 Remote commands CPL QM Command to query a measurement Refer to Chapter 6 for full details DELAYED TIMEBASE DEL D TB Description The Delayed Timebase DEL D TB is used to examine a signal detail of interest The detail to be examined is indicated as an intensified part of the MAIN TB trace and is displayed on the full screen width using the DEL D TB time scale
230. s the screen When you add signals with different amplitude settings the smaller signal is automatically adapted to the larger signal Either newly acquired traces or previously stored traces can be used as the sources for this process and each can be selected with the control The resulting trace is automatically written in a register memory m1 for math1 or m2 for math2 To see the result more clearly you can use the DISPLAY SOURCE on off softkey to turn off the two source traces Mathematical description Result S1 S2 5 6 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence add substract multiply MATH _ MATH1 2 filter EE 00 0 on off SCALE TRACK 6 6 auto scale DISPLAY SOURCE yes no T7271 9303 Remote commands CPL QW Command to query a waveform Refer to Chapter 6 for full details Control to select the ADD process Control to select the first source trace Control to select the second source trace Toggle softkey to switch the ADD function on Control to adjust the scale factor Control to adjust the offset factor Toggle softkey to select the autoscaling Toggle softkey to switch the source traces on and off FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 7 ALT CHOP Description In the analog mode when two or more channels are selected the oscilloscope displays multiple channels in a time shared mode This implies that a fast electronic switch connects each input sig
231. s voltage range and fuses Before inserting the mains plug into the mains socket make sure that the instrument is suitable for the local mains voltage NOTE When the mains plug has to be adapted to the local situation such adaption should be done by a qualified technician only WARNING The instrument shall be disconnected from all voltage sources when a fuse is to be renewed The oscilloscope has a tapless switched mode power supply that covers most nominal voltage ranges in use ac voltages from 100 240 V r m s This obviates the need to adapt to the local mains line voltage The nominal mains line frequency range is 50 Hz 400 Hz Line fuse rating 3 15 AT delayed action 250 V for ordering code see INITIAL INSPECTION 2 2 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS The mains line fuseholder is located on the rear panel in the mains line input socket When the mains line fuse needs replacing proceed as follows disconnect the oscilloscope from the mains line remove the cover of the fuseholder by means of a small screwdriver fita new fuse of the correct rating and refit the cover of the fuseholder WARNING Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type are used for replacement The use of makeshift fuses and the short circuiting of fuse holders prohibited REAR VIEW IEEE 488 2 SOCKET RS 232 MAINS FUSE BATTERY LOCATION OF OPTIONAL SOCKET INPUT HOLDER C
232. second probe HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 9 4 3 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODES ANALOG 1 245 3 2 This instrument is a combination of an analog real time oscilloscope and a digital storage oscilloscope which offers a variety of additional features The combination of analog and digital modes in one instrument gives you the advantages of both modes In the ANALOG MODE the signal is directly written on the screen The result is the traditional real time signal representation Because of the high update rate and infinite resolution this image gives signal details that are visible only on true analog oscilloscopes In the DIGITAL MODE the input signal is sampled These samples are stored in memory so that mathematics calculated measurements printing and other memory functions can be performed on the trace You can use the yellow ANALOG push button to switch from the analog mode to the digital mode and back at any time The signal acquisition and display functions of both operating modes are very similar However the nature of the signals you are using may determine which operating mode you prefer to use For more information refer to the following table SIGNAL CRITERIA ANALOG MODE DIGITAL MODE Repetitive signals of Usable Usable 30 Hz and higher Repetitive signals Causes display Preferred below 30 Hz Single events Repetitive signals that are amplitude modulated Repetitive signals that are modulated in freq
233. shows the display window and cursor positions in relation to the total acquisition length The cursors are trace oriented rather than display oriented The acquisition length can be selected via the TB MODE menu The readout of the delta between the cursor lines is shown in the cursor display area upper part of the CRT viewing area In analog mode the display can be in voltage or time and is in digital mode in voltage and time at the same time In this way cursors can be used for accurate on screen measurements without using the graticule Additional readout information can be selected under the READOUT softkey For details see the CURSOR READOUT function The cursors are activated via the menus under the CURSORS menu key The structure of the menu is shown in Appendix B Activating the cursors is made with the CURSORS on off menu selection 5 20 FUNCTION REFERENCE CURSORS TIME CURSORS The time cursors are used for time measurements The example shows the on of required softkey settings for period a d measurements The cursor positioning with the TRACK and A controls is also BE shown 000000 READOUT CURSORS VOLT The volt cursors are used for CURSORS voltage measurements When more than one channel is on the desired channel for voltage e C3 readout must be selected with the Easy NE gt v C3 5 7
234. sing the RUN STOP key but also to store traces in memory for later use ANALOG SAVE RECALL Si Ss o 00000000 ogoo RUN STOP Os 00 eles ele ST6691 9312 Figure 3 12 Digital memory setup Store traces on screen Step 1 Press AUTOSET Step 2 Make sure that the scope is in the digital mode If not press the ANALOG key to enter the digital mode Step3 With the RUN STOP key new acquisitions are stopped and the display is frozen Removing the input signal or pressing a key has no effect on the display Stopping the acquisition is very useful to do measurements on the signal or to make a hard copy Step 4 Press the RUN STOP key to reactivate the acquisition Store traces in memory Step 5 For this step by step introduction you will first clear all memory locations so that all unnecessary traces are removed press the SAVE menu key select CLEAR amp PROTECT select CLEAR ALL in the confirm menu select YES Sometimes there will be a second confirm menu Select YES again to clear protected traces as well Press the TEXT OFF key to turn the menu off GETTING STARTED 3 23 is how traces stored memory Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Step 10 Step 11 Step 12 NOTE Use the TRACK conirol to select an empty memory location such as m1 m2 or m3 Empty locations ar
235. sor measurements indicated by Time cursor measurements indicated by for measuring time or frequency Amplitude and time measurements indicated by f The top text line displays the result of the READ oun measurements AV or AT Step 5 Press the second bluesoft key until is highlighted Step 6 The TRACK control moves both cursors at the same time For example to measure the period time of the input signal set the left reference cursor to a rising edge of the signal Step7 The A control moves the right cursor only Set this cursor the next rising edge of the signal 3 18 GETTING STARTED Step 8 The top text line now shows the pulse repetition time of the signal e g 1 AT 500 us 11 AT 500us CURSORS 1 3 i on off 1 d i 1 i OUT t CH1 200mV MTB PoOus 516687 Step 9 Press the second blue softkey until is highlighted Now perform a peak to peak measurement and check that the amplitude of the signal AV is 600 mV NOTE When you select the fifth blue softkey is automatically activated so that you can choose between using the controls for positioning the vertical cursors or the horizontal cursors The READOUT submenu is explained in Chapter 4 Step 10 Select the vertical cursors again Step 11 Now switch to the digital mode Notice the changin
236. st have expired The Del d Time Base modes are selected in the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu after switching the delayed timebase on In the STARTS mode the DEL D TB starts immediately after the DELAY time This is explained under DEL D TB When signal jitter is present the effect will be magnified by using the DEL D TB The jitter is eliminated by changing from the starts to the triggered mode The start of the DEL D TB sweep is then postponed to the first DEL D TB trigger after the delay time The triggered mode is activated in the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu by selecting the trigger source ch1 ch2 and ext trig For stable triggering the DEL D TB trigger level must be adjusted to a proper level The trigger level for the Del d Time Base is adjusted with the A control The figure shows the difference between starts and trig d For more explanation of trigger functions refer to TRIGGER MAIN TB function For details about trigger coupling see the appropriate section DELAY DTB START DIRECTLY AFTER DELAY TIME STARTS Q ___ DELAY TIME DEL D TB starts and trig d modes DTB START AFTER DELAY TIME UPON TRIGGER PULSE CH1 CH4 DELAY WAITING FOR TRIGGER Mu DELAY TIME DTB TRIGGER 4214 DEL D TB trigger source and slope can be selected when The menu is active The trig d mode is selected 5 82 FUNCTION REFERENCE Source and slope are select
237. t 2060 IF STATUS AND amp H0040 0 THEN PRINT WRONG DATABITS EN PRINT UNKNOWN HEADER LH E 2070 IF STATUS AND amp H0200 0 THEN PRINT CONFLICT SETTING 2080 IF STATUS AND amp H0400 gt 0 THEN PRINT USER REQUEST 2090 IF ABS STATUS AND amp H8000 0 THEN PRINT MORE STATUS 2100 RETURN 6 50 THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 8 SETUP The Query Setup QS and Program Setup PS commands can be used together in order to retrieve and restore a complete or partical setup of the oscilloscope When a setup is requested from the oscilloscope it will send its setup as a sequence of strings Each separate string describes a setup node By adding a parameter to the QS command a particular setup node can be queried So the query program could be PRINT PRINT PRINT 1 os 1 OS 2 1 OS S Complete setup Only node 2 channel 2 settings Only node S where S must be one of the values specified below Node numbers S can have the following values hex dec meaning 01 1 Channel 1 settings 02 2 Channel 2 settings 03 3 Not used 04 4 Ext trig settings nodes above attenuator display on off coupling DC AC GND Invert 509 1 continuous var discrete position control OE 14 Probe Scale settings scale value scale unit 15 Common vertical settings add 1 2 alt chop ba
238. t PKD appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active Observe that any glitch on the input signal becomes visible on the screen Note Regardless of the timebase speed selected the scope is set to the highest sample rate so that glitches up to the sample frequency can be caught 5 ns at 200 MS s Press the DET to turn it off again 4 34 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 8 ADVANCED HORIZONTAL AND TRIGGER FUNCTIONS All basic timebase and trigger functions of the oscilloscope are accessible via direct action front panel keys More advanced functions are easily accessible via the menus behind the menu initialization keys keys with the function in blue text STANDARD SETTING Before continuing with the advanced functions you must set the instrument to a predefined state to ensure a correct start situation Simultaneously press STATUS and TEXT OFF Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channel 1 Press the AUTOSET key TRIGGER MODE Press the TRIGGER key On the screen the TRIGGER MAIN TB menu is displayed The menu functions can be selected by pressing the blue softkeys to the right of the screen The top softkey selects the trigger mode edge or tv The lower part of the menu is optimized for the selected trigger modes Press the first softkey to select tv trigger mode Observe that the lower part of the menu is optimized for tv applications Press the first softkey to
239. t any nominal line voltage between 100 Vac and 240 Vac with no switching and no fuse changes After the instrument is turned on by pressing the POWER ON OFF switch an automatic power up test is started For detailed information refer to the CONFIDENCE CHECK function The oscilloscope starts up with its previous settings when backup batteries are installed In the absence of batteries the standard default setting std becomes active Refer to STANDARD FRONT for details Key sequence POWER ON OFF Cy Toggle key to switch the oscilloscope on off PRINTING AND PLOTTING Description In the digital mode a hard copy of the information on the CRT can be made to a printer or a plotter The hard copy can consist of trace s the trace settings trace identification cursors measurement results and the screen graticule The oscilloscope and printer plotter must be interconnected via a suitable cable and must be set up to the correct interface parameters The setup of the print or plot action is made in the UTILITY PRINT amp PLOT amp CLOCK menu The setup of the interface parameters is made in the UTILITY REMOTE SETUP or the UTILITY gt gt RS232 SETUP menu This is described under the REMOTE CONTROL IEEE 488 2 and RS 232 functions The settings of the printer or plotter are described in the manual that comes with the printer or plotter The front panel key HARDCOPY is used to start a print or plot During the plot action
240. the Main Timebase trace o 500 2615 500 BIB 10 mu DELAYED TIMEBASE TIMEBASE Press either key of the Del dTB TIME DIV keys When you press the left key the intensified part of this signal gets longer More periods of the signal are displayed on the Delayed Timebase When you press the right key the intensified part of this signal gets shorter and fewer periods of the signal are displayed on the Del dTB This way you can select any small portion of a signal and capture and display it with a higher resolution S TIME DIV ns 576727 9303 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 65 DELAYED TIMEBASE TRACE SEP The traces displayed by the Main Timebase and Delayed Timebase can be separated with TRACE SEP If the DELAYED TIMEBASE menu is activated you will see the symbol next to the TRACE SEP text The indicates that the TRACK control can be used to adjust the trace separation Turn the TRACK control and observe that the DTB trace shifts dtb
241. the same function as pressing the front panel CAL button for more than 2 seconds Command CL CR Response acknowledge CR Note acknowledge will be sent after the calibration has been fully completed A detailed error report may be queried for using the ST command only if acknowledge is not zero Example 100 PRINT 1 CL Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge 6 10 THE CPL PROTOCOL DEFAULT SETUP DS Purpose Sets the oscilloscope to the default setup conditions The Default Setup DS command performs the same function as pressing the TEXT OFF and STATUS LOCAL buttons simultaneously The communication interface parameters will not be changed Command DS CR Response acknowledge CR Note The lt acknowledge gt is sent after the completion of the change to the default setups Example 100 PRINT 1 DS Send command 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 11 GO to LOCAL GL Purpose Puts the oscilloscope in the Local State In the Local State all oscilloscope functions are accessible via the front panel buttons and knobs The Go to Local GL command performs the same function as pressing the STATUS LOCAL key on the front panel of the oscilloscope when the oscilloscope is in the Remote State Refer also to Go to Remote and Local Lockout
242. the source for this process and can be selected with the A control The resulting trace is automatically written in a register memory m1 for math1 or m2 for math2 To see the result more clearly you can turn off the two source traces by pressing the DISPLAY SOURCE on off softkey Mathematical description Result 81 S2 5 72 FUNCTION REFERENCE Key sequence add substract multiply MATH MATH1 2 filter Control to select the SUBTRACT process A Control to select the first source trace A Control to select the second source trace mE Toggle softkey to switch the SUBTRACT function on TRACK Control to adjust the scale factor SCALE Oo 3 Q Control to adjust the offset factor auto bu Toggle softkey to select the autoscaling DISPLAY SOURCE yes no Toggle softkey to switch the source traces on and off ST7221 9303 Remote commands CPL QW Command to query a waveform Refer to Chapter 6 for full details TEXT OFF Description Toggle key to select information in the CRT viewing area This way more space is available on screen for trace display There are three steps in the cycle Softkey menu turned off Instrument settings turned off Both softkey menu and instrument settings turned on again FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 73 Key sequence TEXT OFF Toggle key to cycle through three states of information given in CRT viewing area TI
243. ts is highlighted as default This is an indication that the Delayed Timebase starts immediately after the delay time has passed For most signals the starts mode can be used Press the softkey to select the TRIG D mode When the triggered mode is selected for the Del dTB the start of the Del dTB is postponed until the first trigger occurs after the delay time A valid trigger depends on the proper setting of the trigger source slope and level The delayed timebase trigger source and slope can be selected with the same TRIG 1 TRIG 2 TRIG 3 TRIG 4 or EXT TRIG buttons as are used for Main Timebase triggering When the DELAYED TIMEBASE is active operation of the Del dTB triggering is similar to that of the Main Timebase trigger source and slope In the lower right hand corner of the screen the delayed timebase trigger readout is displayed under the readout for the Main Timebase triggering Press the TRIG 1 key in the CH1 section a few times Observe that the trigger slope for the Delayed Timebase changes HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 67 DELAYED TIMEBASE TRIGGER LEVEL Just as is the case for Main Timebase triggering proper triggering of the Delayed Timebase depends on the selection of the proper trigger level The A symbol in the Delayed Timebase trigger menu indicates the A control to be used to adjust the trigger level If the coupling for the vertical channel and the triggering are the same a trigger l
244. ualified technicians Safety protection is likely to be impaired when for example the instrument fails to perform the intended measurements or shows visible damage 1 6 MEASURING EARTH The measuring earth socket and the external conductor of the BNC sockets are internally connected to the protective earth conductor of the three core mains cable The measuring earth socket or the external conductor of the BNC sockets must not be used to connect a protective conductor INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 2 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Attention You are strongly advised to read this chapter thoroughly before installing your oscilloscope 2 1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 1 Protective earthing Before any connection to the input connectors is made the instrument shall be connected to a protective earth conductor via the three core mains cable the mains plug shall be inserted only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact The protective action shall not be negated by the use of an extension cord without protective conductor WARNING Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the instrument is likely to make the instrument dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited WARNING When an instrument is brought from a cold into a warm environment condensation may cause a hazardous condition Therefore make sure that the grounding requirements are strictly adhered to 2 1 2 Mains voltage cord main
245. uency Long serial data streams flickering Display for duration of the event Preferred Preferred Preferred when Delayed sweep is not used Can capture and display for long term May cause aliasing Use Peak detect or Envelope mode May cause aliasing Use Envelope mode When using delayed sweep to observe details Digital mode provides better light output 4 10 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT SIGNAL CRITERIA ANALOG MODE DIGITAL MODE Video signals OTHER CRITERIA Need to see pretrigger information You need to make adjustments to the circuitry and watch the signal change Automatic measurements Signal Math Add Subtract Multiply Signal Analysis Integration Differentiation FFT Automatic Pass Fail test Autorange attenuator Autorange timebase Preferred when Delayed sweep is not used Not possible Fastest display update Can t use Add Subtract only Not available Not available Not available Not Available When using delayed sweep to observe details Digital mode provides better light output Up to one screen Slower display update Fully implemented All functions Full analysis with Math Plus option installed Fully implemented with Math Plus option installed Results in a displayed signal with an amplitude of 2 to 6 4 divisions Results in a signal display of 2 to 6 waveform periods HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 11 S
246. urate representation of the signal Use the bottom key in the DISPLAY menu to control whether or not interpolation is used You can choose between dots linear and sine interpolation The default is linear interpolation Linear interpolation fills the spaces between each sample on the screen with additional dots that are interpolated linearly This is used to obtain a smoothed display Usethe MAGNIFY keys to set the horizontal magnify to 4 Turn the X POS control clockwise to display the adc noise only The noise is displayed as continuous trace This is because the space between the samples is interpolated with additional dots and this filled with a continuous line LINEAR DOTS SINE 91616 Press the bottom softkey to select dots Observe that only the sample dots are displayed and the space between the dots is blanked Press the bottom softkey to select sine Observe that the trace is smoothed again but because of a different calculation it is roundedoff as compared to the linear interpolation Sine interpolation is recommended for signals primarily containing sine waves or combinations 4 62 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT DIGITAL DISPLAY WINDOWS Connect the Probe Adjust signal to channels 1 and 2 Press AUTOSET The screen dis
247. ured not on the oscilloscope This feature enables accurate signal probing and display freezing without having to reach and touch the oscilloscope control NOTE The PROBE SWITCH setting of the UTILITY gt gt PROBE menu must first be set to q meas in order to obtain a reading on the oscilloscope when you press the COMMAND switch on the measuring probe Press the COMMAND switch again to go to RUN mode TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE results are deleted from display Key sequence autoset setups q meas analog Toggle softkey to select the TOUCH HOLD amp C mem MEASUREMENT mode reaction of the oscilloscope on pressing the COMMAND switch on the measuring probe ST7689 COMMAND i COMMAND switch on the measuring probe to activate A and leave the TOUCH HOLD amp MEASURE mode FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 79 TRIGGER COUPLING Description Trigger coupling is used to optimize the trigger stability for different signal types The filter modes and dc are identical to those of the vertical inputs Refer to function INPUT COUPLING Lf reject cuts off lower frequencies triggering occurs on signals between 30 kHz and full bandwidth Hf reject cuts off higher frequencies triggering occurs on signal frequencies lower then 30 kHz The following figure explains ac If reject and hf reject Noise on improves trigger stability for noisy signals By enlarging the trigger gap of MAIN TB an
248. user programmable as outlined below SET STANDARD Simultaneously press the STATUS and TEXT OFF keys The standard setting feature resets all functions to a predefined state At this time it must be used to ensure that the standard setup condition applies before proceeding SET STANDARD also resets the autoset function to the standard autoset condition AUTOSET STANDARD AUTO SET The AUTOSET function automatically sets all relevant functions of the oscilloscope as they apply to the input signal This includes the selection of channels input sensitivity timebase setting trigger source trigger slope and trigger level for an optimum trace Connect the Probe Adjust output to channel 1 Press the AUTOSET key The result is a stable display with a number of signal periods The amplitude is well within the display range In this example the Probe Adjust signal is displayed with four periods cycles on the screen and an amplitude of three divisions This operating mode is referred to as AUTOSET after the SET STANDARD STATUS TEXT OFF _5 0my ITB 1 005 576734 4 72 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT AUTOSET USER PROGRAMMABLE The AUTOSET function can also be programmed so that certain functions switch to a predefined position after an AUTOSET
249. vents or glitches that can be captured are 5 ns in the single channel mode and 10 ns in the dual channel mode Selection of peak detection is made from the ACQUIRE menu The following is an overview of peak detection possibilities Mode of use Description Peak detection speed one channel any channel 5 ns two channels Ch1 amp Ch2 or Ch3 amp Ch4 10ns three channels ALT mode 10 ns CHOP mode not applicable four channels ALT mode 10 ns CHOP mode not applicable 5 52 FUNCTION REFERENCE See the function ACQUISITION LENGTH for additional information SIGNAL DETAIL i MAX SAMPLE RATE GLITCH OFF RD EFFECTIVE SAMPLES MIN MIN GLITCH 1 1 EFFECTIVE SAMPLES 1 1 SAMPLE PERIOD ST6660 Key sequence ACQUIRE PEAK DET Toggle key to switch the peak detection on off POSITION Description Position controls allow the signals to be shifted across the screen to align signals with the measuring graticule to make time and voltage measurements Vertical positioning is done for each channel with the POS controls Horizontal positioning of all signals is done with the X POS control Key sequence A POS v Q Control to adjust vertical position of a channel lt x POS gt O Control to adjust the horizontal position of all the channels FUNCTION REFERENCE 5 53 POWER SUPPLY Description The instrument can be used a
250. will be CH1 CH2 This is indicated as 1 2 on the screen The signals on both inputs are the same resulting in a straight line at ground level If the line is not straight this may be an indication that the probes are not correctly adjusted When one of the probes is not properly adjusted the input signals at the input connectors of the oscilloscope will be unequal The difference of the two input signals shows up in the differential mode CH1 CH2 C 2 200m CH2 20 CHP poou 575969 4 20 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT VERTICAL MENU BANDWIDTH LIMITER The Bandwidth Limiter reduces the bandwidth of the vertical channels to 20 MHz This is done by activating a filter in the vertical channels This feature can be used both in analog mode and in digital mode to suppress high frequency noise For repetitive signals and when in the digital mode averaging is the preferred method to reduce noise without limiting the bandwidth Press the BW LIMIT softkey to turn it on Observe that the displayed line becomes thinner as an indication that the amount of noise is reduced The text BWL appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active Press the BW LIMIT softkey to turn it off again HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 21 VERTICAL MENU 500 The 200 MHz m
251. with a lower level of OV and a top level of 600 mV Press AUTOSET 4 32 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT ACQUIRE AVERAGE The average function averages the input data over a number of successive acquisitions The average function is used to reduce the influence of random noise in the input signal There is no loss of bandwidth when the average function is activated but the signal must be repetitive The number of samples over which the average is calculated can be selected by the user Use the probe to connect Ch1 to the Probe Adjust output Press AUTOSET Connect the second probe to channel 2 but do not connect it to a signal Press the CH1 CH2 key to add Ch1 and Ch2 together Press the mV key of the CH2 AMPL keys so that the noise picked up by the probe tip of the second probe appears on the CH1 CH2 trace Press the AVERAGE key For maximum ease of use the scope offers direct access to the important average feature The text Average 8 appears in the bottom of the screen to indicate that the function is active The default value is 8 The indication changes into AVG Observe that the noise on the trace is reduced change the Average constant press the ACQUIRE key Turnthe TRACK control clockwise The Average factor increases when the TRACK control is turned clockwise Observe that this reduces noise on the trace even more TRACK zi hverag 2 Averagd 286 VG WG
252. y The chopper is also an advantage for acquisitions at low timebase speeds ALTERNATING ACQUISITION Some applications require the use of an alternating signal acquisition mode In this mode each ADC can be used to its highest speed Channels are acquired in the following sequence Channels 1 and 2 are acquired in parallel with synchronized ADC acquisition followed by channels 3 and 4 Because each ADC can be used up to 100 MS s glitch capture is now possible for glitches down to 10 ns RANDOM SAMPLING FOR FULL 200 MHz ACQUISITIONS AT HIGH TIME DIV AND FOR FOUR CHANNELS IN PARALLEL For high timebase settings 200 ns div to 2 ns div real time signal acquisition would require a real time sampling rate of 25 GigaSamples second Such sample rate is not achievable The oscilloscope can be used with time base speeds exceeding the capabilities of the ADCs For such acquisitions repetitive signals are required A sampling method known as random sampling is used This sampling method is automatically selected at higher time base speeds In the random sampling mode the chopper is used to acquire four signals simultaneously without restriction The glitch detection circuit is not needed at these high timebase speeds because the sample distance is smaller than the glitch capture capability of 10 ns would allow 40 picoseconds at 2 ns div APPENDIX P P 3 EXPANSION AND INTERPOLATION Sometimes there is a need to look at a single shot o
253. y STATUS has no relation with this ST command Command ST CR Response acknowledge CR when acknowledge 0 followed by between 32768 32767 status CR lt status gt signed integer when status is negative THE CPL PROTOCOL Example 100 110 120 130 140 PRINT 1 ST GOSUB 1000 INPUT 1 STATUS IF STATUS lt 0 THEN GOTO 120 GOSUB 2000 example status 6CR 0000000000000110 in binary which means because bit 2 and bit 1 are set data out of range and data format of the body is wrong Send command Sync on acknowledge Read Status word Fetch next status Display Status See section 6 7 STATUS for program example 6 46 THE CPL PROTOCOL TRIGGER ACQUISITION TA Purpose To perform a software trigger This command causes an acquisition or sweep to be started It is the software equivalent of a normal trigger pulse In the single shot mode the AT Arm Trigger command is sent to arm the triggering first Command TA CR Response acknowledge CR Example 100 PRINT 1 TA Send Trigger Acquisition 110 GOSUB 1000 Sync on acknowledge THE CPL PROTOCOL 6 47 6 6 ACKNOWLEDGE lt acknowledge gt is a synchronization reply that is returned after each command sent to the oscilloscope signalli
254. you into thinking that the Scope is properly triggered because the display appears to be stable while in fact you are displaying stored information only Watch the ARM D LED 576737 HOW TO USE THE INSTRUMENT 4 37 TRIGGER MODE ROLL Press the ANALOG key to select the digital mode Press the TB Mode key to enter the TB mode menu The TB MODE menu is extended with extensive timebase modes The differences are as follows A Roll mode Selection of Real time only e Delay by events Selection of Acquisition length Press the softkey next to the ROLL on off function to select on The ROLL on function is now intensified Observe that the timebase is automatically set to 200 ms The trace moves from the right to the left Press the STOP ON TRIGGER softkey to select yes The trace stops when the trigger in this case the start of the first period reaches the left of the screen Using the roll mode you can monitor signals like temperature changes and chemical processes at low timebase speeds In this mode the scope operates like a four pen plotter Over 36 hours of events can be recorded in memory and plotted later Unlike a paper and pen plotter the scope can record glitches as narrow as 5 ns and the record can be stopped when a trigger condition is met 4 38 HOW TO

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