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Dell (PERC) S100 Personal Computer User Manual

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1. 10 WARNING Safety Instructions Overview Introduction The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S300 provides an integrated software RAID solution for Dell PowerEdge Value Servers The PERC 300 controllers support SAS and SATA interfaces Containing two internal connectors with four ports each the PERC 300 adapter features eight ports for connecting drives with a maximum burst speed of up to 3 Gbps per port The PERC S100 adaper is targeted as a low cost RAID solution for Dell PowerEdge Value Servers The PERC S100 adapter solution supports SATA Hard Disk Drives HDD and Solid State Disk SSD drives The PERC S100 adapter requires no additional hardware it runs from the I O Controller HUB ICH or Platform Controller Hub PCH chipset on the platform motherboard The PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter offer the same RAID level support and functionality including the support of up to eight physical drives General Information Intended Audience and Prerequisites for Use This document provides information about The PERC S100 adapter and PERC 300 adapter including server operating system and software support e Controller configuration and startup procedures e Controller operating modes Overview 11 This document is intended for use by system administrators and technicians who are familiar with the storage system installation and configuration Prerequisites for configuring and using the controller
2. 10 11 create a virtual disk a For each physical disk press the lt Insert gt key to select the physical disk The physical disks can be inserted in any order b After selecting the physical disk s to be included in the virtual disk press lt Enter gt At the User Input field use the arrow keys to select a virtual disk type RAID level Press lt Enter gt Only the virtual disk types that can be created with the selected physical disk s are indicated they are highlighted in white text If hot spares are applicable a AttheUser Input field use the arrow keys to select a dedicated hot spare Press lt Enter gt K NOTE A global hot spare can be assigned after a virtual disk is created by selecting the Manage Global Hot Spare s option b Atthe Physical Disks field select the physical disk to use as a hot spare if applicable Press lt Insert gt to select it c Press lt Enter gt to add the hot spare Press the lt C gt key to confirm the change Select a size for the virtual disk depending on the available free space of the physical disks Review the choices indicated in Table 6 3 Virtual disk size changes are displayed at the Create Virtual Disk and User Input fields K NOTE The maximum size of the virtual disk is affected by the available free space of the physical disks and by the RAID level that you select After you choose the virtual disk size press lt Enter gt At the User Input field
3. G global hot spares 88 global hot spares manage 56 H hardware installation completion 35 general considerations 31 PERC 100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 31 98 Index hot spares dedicated 87 global 88 hot spares global managing them 56 hot swapping 25 Industry Canada Notice Canada only 92 initialization physical disks 23 installation PERC S300 Adapter 32 PERC 300 adapter 32 installing the controller drivers PERC S100 adapter 42 installing the controller drivers PERC S300 adapter 44 installing the operating system and drivers PERC S100 adapter 42 installing the operating system and drivers PERC S300 adapter 44 INT13 disabled warning message 68 M Management Setup 45 mirror rebuilding 24 0 OGE 24 offline virtual disks warning message 06 Online Capacity Expansion 24 options changing controller options 58 options controller 58 P PERC S100 controller Management Setup 45 PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility PERC 300 Virtual Disk Management utility access to it 48 PERC 5300 Adapter installation 32 PERC 5300 adapter installation 32 PERC 8300 controller Management Setup 45 PERC Virtual Disk Management utility major functions 47 physical disk details viewing 57 physical disk hot swapping 25 physical disk initialization 23 physical disk roaming 26 physical disk tasks supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC
4. CONTROLLER A chip that controls the transfer of data between the microprocessor and memory or between the microprocessor and a peripheral device such as a physical disk or the keyboard In Storage Management the hardware or logic that interacts with storage devices to write and retrieve data and perform storage management RAID controllers perform RAID functions such as striping and mirroring to provide data protection Disk A non volatile randomly addressable rewriteable mass storage device including both rotating magnetic and optical storage devices and solid state storage devices or non volatile electronic storage elements Disk ARRAY A grouping of physical disks that are connected to the RAID controller The RAID controller can group physical disks on one or more channels into an array Disk MIGRATION Disk migration refers to moving a virtual disk or a hot spare from one controller to another by detaching the physical disks and re attaching them to the new controller Disk ROAMING Moving disks from one slot to another on a controller DISTRIBUTED PARITY Parity involves an extra bit added to a byte or word to reveal errors in storage in RAM or disk or transmission Parity is used to generate a set of redundancy data from two or more parent data sets The redundancy data can be used to rebuild one of the parent data sets In distributed parity the parity data are distributed among all the physical disks in the
5. lt Enter gt 3 Check for missing or offline physical disks The boot order is incorrect for a bootable virtual disk 62 Troubleshooting 1 When prompted at system startup press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility 2 Check Virtual Disks and make sure that the bootable virtual disk is the first virtual disk listed 3 As required use the Swap Two Virtual Disks option to reposition the virtual disks Table 7 1 System Does Not Boot Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions A Non Raid virtual disk is no longer in the first position in the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility list after the system is rebooted NOTE When booting from a Non Raid virtual disk creating a virtual disk in Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management changes the virtual disk order and displaces the bootable Non Raid virtual disk from the first position PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter then attempts to boot from the first virtual disk NOTE A Non Raid virtual disk can be created from Non Raid physical disks which are physical disks initialized at a non PERC S100 adapter or a non PERC S300 adapter 1 When prompted at system startup press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility 2 Check Virtual Disks and determine if the bootable Non Raid virtual disk is no longer in the first position 3 Use the Swap Two Virtual Disks option to
6. S300 adapter 78 physical disks automatic rebuild 21 connecting them to the PERC S300 controller 35 errors 75 troubleshooting 75 view disk details 57 physical disks general description 24 platform requirements for the PERC S100 controller PERC 300 controller 14 RAID configuration and management 47 RAID levels supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC 5300 adapter 79 RAID technology 81 read policy 77 regulatory notices 89 CE Mark Notice 94 CE Notice European Union 92 FCC Notice U S only 90 Industry Canada Canada only 92 related documentation 12 rescan disks 58 Index 99 rescanning for changes in state 87 S configuring the controller using the PERC S100 47 safety general 8 safety instructions 7 working inside your system 8 specifications PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 77 specificationsO virtual disks 80 Storport driver support 26 stripe size 26 support for RAID level 22 T text colors PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility PERC 300 Virtual Disk Management utility 9 transformation virtual disks 28 troubleshooting PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 61 100 Index V Virtual Disk Management utility 47 virtual disk specifications for PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 80 virtual disk tasks supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 79 virtual disks background initialization 21 boot support for degr
7. data is lost because there is no redundancy for this RAID level However when a physical disk in a RAID 1 RAID 5 or RAID 10 fails data is preserved because there is redundancy with these RAID levels Summary of RAID Levels e Volume uses available space on a single physical disk and forms a single logical volume on which data is stored e RAID 0 uses disk striping to provide high data throughput especially for large files in an environment that requires no data redundancy RAID 1 uses disk mirroring so that data written to one physical disk is simultaneously written to another physical disk RAID 1 is good for small databases or other applications that require small capacity but also complete data redundancy e RAID 5 uses disk striping and parity data across all physical disks distributed parity to provide high data throughput and data redundancy RAID 10 uses disk striping across two mirrored sets It provides high data throughput and complete data redundancy Overview 17 RAID Terminology Disk Striping Disk striping allows you to write data across multiple physical disks instead of just one physical disk Disk striping involves partitioning each physical disk storage space into stripes of the various sizes These stripes are interleaved in a repeated sequential manner The part of the stripe on a single physical disk is called a stripe element For example in a four disk system using only disk striping used in RA
8. select a Caching Mode Press lt Enter gt Press the lt C gt key to confirm that you want to create the virtual disk At the Main Menu field perform other operations or select Continue to Boot and press lt Enter gt NOTE The boot virtual disk must be the first virtual disk listed in the Virtual Disks field lf necessary use the Swap Two Virtual Disks option to place the bootable virtual disk in the first position RAID Configuration and Management Table 6 3 Selection of Virtual Disk Sizes To Create This Virtual Disk Size Perform This Task lt 2 199 TB Use the lt Page Up gt or lt Page Down gt keys to select a size in large increments or Use the up arrow or down arrow keys to select a size in small increments Continue with Creating Virtual Disks on page 51 gt 2 199 TB 1 Press the lt Page Up gt or the up arrow key to increase the virtual disk size 2 At the maximum size a dialog box appears in the User Input field It inquires if you want to limit the size of the virtual disk or exceed the normal maximum size 3 Press lt Esc gt to create a larger virtual disk 4 Press the lt Page Up gt or the up arrow key until the desired or maximum available size has been attained 5 Continue with Creating Virtual Disks on page 51 NOTE When physical disks of different capacities are used the maximum size of the virtual disk is limited by the size of the physical disk with the smallest
9. 2008 R2 e Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 K NOTE Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 is not supported Installing the Microsoft Windows Drivers Downloading the Controller Driver Media 1 Go to support dell com support downloads 2 Select Choose by Service Tag gt Enter a Tag 3 Enter the Service Tag of the system on which you want to install the PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter drivers and select Go K NOTE Alternatively you can select Choose a Model gt Select Model Navigate to Servers Storage Networking gt PowerEdge Server Selectthe model of your system and select Confi rm 4 Choose the applicable operating system 5 Expand the SAS RAID Controller category 6 Select Download Now for the appropriate controller driver K NOTE Load a blank optical medium CD ROM or DVD in your system Installing the Drivers 37 7 Use the blank optical medium to burn the ISO image 8 Download the files for the PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter to the driver media as indicated in Figure 5 1 Table 5 1 Operating System And Device Driver Media Operating System Driver Media CD ROM DVD USB flash drive or floppy disk to Use Windows Server 2008 32 bit or 64 bit Copy all of the files to a CD ROM DVD Windows Server 2008 R2 USB flash drive or floppy disk Windows Server 2003 32 bit or 64 bit Copy all of the files to a floppy disk NOTE Windows Server 2003 versions SP1 and older support driver load f
10. An ATAPI device cannot be initialized or added to a virtual disk Non Raid A physical disk has been moved from another non PERC S100 controller or non PERC S300 controller Online The physical disk has been initialized and is part of a virtual disk Ready The physical disk has been initialized but is not currently used in a virtual disk Failed A failed physical disk appears as Failed only when a View Virtual Disk Details is selected and b the virtual disk to which the physical disk belongs is selected The Failed status is reported only when the physical disk is part of a virtual disk Spare A physical disk that is assigned as a dedicated or global hot spare 84 Appendix B Table B 3 Virtual Disk States State Definition Degraded A physical disk in a redundant virtual disk has failed Additional failures might result in lost data Failed One or more physical disks have failed The virtual disk has gone offline The virtual disk cannot restore the data Non Raid A Non Raid physical disk is automatically linked to a Non Raid virtual disk for use with a PERC S100 controller or PERC 300 controller Normal A virtual disk has been created and its preparation process has been completed Ready A redundant virtual disk has been created and is ready for additional preparation Failure States Whether a virtual disk is marked as Failed or Degraded depends upon what RAID level virtual disk it is and ho
11. European Union Directive 1999 5 EC Toto za zen spl uje z kladn po adavky sm rnice 1999 5 EC Dette udstyr opfylder de V sentlige krav i EU s direktiv 1999 5 EC om Radio og teleterminaludstyr Deze apparatuur voldoet aan de noodzakelijke vereisten van EU richtlijn betreffende radioapparatuur en telecommunicatie cindapparatuur 1999 5 EG K esolev seade vastab olulistele Euroopa Liidu Direktiivi 1999 5 EC n udmistele T m laite vastaa EU n radio ja telep telaitedirektiivin EU R amp TTE Directive 1999 5 EC vaatimuksia Cet quipement est conforme aux principales caract ristiques d finies dans la Directive europ enne RTTE 1999 5 CE Die Ger te erf llen die grundlegenden Anforderungen der RTTE Richtlinie 1999 5 EG O e omAropds avtdg TANpot tic Paoik s ararthosis tng KOLVOTIKTC Odnytag EU R amp TTE 1999 5 EK A k sz l k megfelel az Eur pai Uni 1999 5 EC direkt v ja alapvet k vetelm nyeinek Questa apparecchiatura conforme ai requisiti essenziali della Direttiva Europea R amp TTE 1999 5 CE ier ce atbilst nepiecie amaj m Eiropas Savien bas Direkt va pras b m 1999 5 EC is prietaisas atitinka b tinus Europos S jungos direktyvos 1999 5 EC reikalavimus Dan it tag mir jikkonforma mar rekwi iti essenzjali tad Direttiva ta l Unjoni Ewropea 1999 5 KE Dette utstyret er i overensstemmelse med hovedkravene i R amp TTE direktivet 1999 5 EC fra EU To urz dzenie spe nia podstawowe
12. Main Menu field select Manage Global Spare s Press lt Enter gt Select Assign Global Hot Spare s Press lt Enter gt Use the up or down arrow key to select a physical disk s for use as a global hot spare s Press lt Insert gt Press lt Enter gt to add the global hot spare Press the lt C gt key to confirm the action Delete a Global Hot Spare 56 1 2 Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the Main Menu field select Manage Global Spare s Press lt Enter gt Select Unassign Global Hot Spare s Press lt Enter gt Use the up or down arrow key to select the physical disk s to delete as a global hot spare s Press lt Insert gt Press lt Enter gt to delete the global hot spare Press the lt C gt key to confirm the action RAID Configuration and Management Viewing Physical Disk Details 1 2 6 Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the Main Menu field select View Physical Disk Details Press lt Enter gt Use the arrow keys to choose a physical disk Physical disk information is displayed at the top of the window e Physical disk number e Channel number e Physical disk size e Physical disk status New Non Raid Ready Online e Amount of free space e M
13. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP1 is not supported NOTE Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 is not supported NOTE PERC S100 controllers and PERC 300 controller are not supported with Windows Hyper V Supported devices e PERC S100 adapter supports Dell supported SATA based tape devices and SATA optical disk devices NOTE The PERC S100 controller supports system boot to a tape using a Dell RD1000 tape device Select Continue while in CTRL R for RD1000 to remain first in the boot order The RD1000 option goes to end of the boot order listing if lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt lt Del gt is selected and you would not be able to boot to it e PERC S300 adapter does not support tape devices or SATA optical disk devices 16 Overview About RAID A RAID disk array is a group of independent physical disks that provides high performance by increasing the number of drives used for saving and accessing data A RAID disk subsystem improves I O performance and data availability The physical disks appear to the host system either as a single storage unit or multiple logical units Data throughput improves because several disks are accessed simultaneously RAID systems also improve data storage availability and fault tolerance Data loss caused by a physical disk failure can be recovered by rebuilding missing data from the remaining physical disks containing data or parity K NOTE When a physical disk in a RAID 0 virtual disk fails
14. PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility or PERC 300 Virtual Disk Management utility The utility is accessed at system startup when you are prompted to press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt K NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility K NOTE To configure the PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter with Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management see the Dell Support Website at support dell com manuals K NOTE The PERC Virtual Disk Management utility can be accessed and configured without the operating system and controller drivers being installed Configuring the Controller Using the PERC Virtual Disk Management Utility Table 6 1 PERC Virtual Disk Management Utility Operations Operation Description Accessing the PERC Describes how to log onto the PERC Virtual Disk Virtual Disk Management Management utility Utility Understanding the Text Describes the status of the physical disks and virtual Colors in the PERC disks based on the color highlighted text Virtual Disk Management Utility Initializing Physical Disks Describes how to initialize a physical disk for data storage Creating Virtual Disks Describes how to create a virtual disk from the connected physical disks RAID Configuration and Management 47 Table 6 1 PERC Virtual Disk Management U
15. Settings field make sure that SATA Controller is setto RAID Mode If the settings are correct and the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility still does not appear contact Dell support at support dell com RAID Configuration and Management The utility contains these fields E4 E4 An information field yellow or red text Located below the window name and the current build number Virtual Disks Displays the virtual disks that have been created and information about them virtual disk number RAID level virtual disk size virtual disk status and caching mode status Main Menu Indicates the main PERC Virtual Disk Management utility operations Physical Disks Displays information about the physical disks or ATAPI devices Available Keys Indicates the keyboard keys to use to select a line of text or perform an operation NOTE For a description of virtual disk and physical disk states see Table B 2 and Table B 3 located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals NOTE The first virtual disk listed in Virtual Disks must be the bootable virtual disk The system can boot only when the bootable virtual disk is at the first position in the list Understanding the Text Colors in the PERC Virtual Disk Management Utility Text within the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility is color coded as follows Table 6 2 PERC Virtual Disk Management Text Colors Text Color Description White text Indicates
16. a loss of data Hardware Installation 31 Installing the PERC 300 Adapter K NOTE The procedure to open a system and add parts might vary from system to 32 system For more information see the Hardware Owner s Manual of the system on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Unpack the PERC S300 Adapter and check it for damage K NOTE If the PERC S300 Adapter is damaged contact Dell Support at support dell com Turn off the system and attached peripherals Disconnect the system power cable from the electrical outlet See the system s Hardware Owner s Manual or User s Guide on support dell com manuals for more information about power supplies Disconnect the system from the network and remove the cover of the system See your system s Hardware Owner s Manual or User s Guide for more information on opening the system Select an appropriate PCI E slot Remove the blank filler bracket on the back of the system aligned with the PCI E slot you have selected K NOTE Insert the controller into a slot that has at least eight PCI E lanes for optimum performance K NOTE Insert the controller into a slot with a PCI E x8 or larger physical connector K NOTE For more information about your system s PCI E slots see your system s Hardware Owners Manual or Users Guide on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Align the PERC 300 Adapter to the PCI E slot you have selected Insert t
17. at the last point following a restart After the system restarts background checkpointing resumes at its most recent checkpoint Command queuing 22 Features Command queuing is a command protocol used by SATA and SAS physical disks that is supported by the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter Command queuing allows the host to issue multiple input output requests to a disk simultaneously The disk can then decide in which order to process the commands to achieve maximum performance The SATA and SAS versions of command queuing have slightly different protocols and means of handling multiple traffic requests at the same time but the end purposes are comparable Table 3 1 Features of the PERC S100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Consistency check CC A consistency check is a background operation that verifies and corrects the mirror or parity data for fault tolerant physical disks It is recommended that you periodically run a consistency check on the physical disks By default a consistency check corrects mirror or parity inconsistencies After the data is corrected the data on the primary physical disk in a mirror set is assumed to be the correct data and is written to the secondary physical disk in the mirror set A consistency check cannot be user initiated in the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility However a consistency check can user initia
18. disks can be used only with a PERC S100 adapter e SAS HDD physical disks can be used only with a PERC 300 adapter Ports The S300 Adapter has two 8470 type internal SAS connectors on the adapter card Each mini SAS connector supports 4 SAS SATA ports The 300 Modular typically plugs into a backplane that has a single 8470 type SAS connector except for PERC S300 adapters on an R210 or T110 whose cables plug directly into the physical disks 14 Available The PERC 5300 Adapter and PERC 300 Modular cards plug into slots 8 lane Peripheral Component Interconnect Express PCI E slots Overview Table 2 2 Platform Requirements PERC S100 Controller or PERC S300 Controller Component Requirements Operating systems Microsoft Windows Essential Business Server x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition x86 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Foundation Microsoft Windows Server 2008 HPC Edition Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter SP1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise SP1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Foundation Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Foundation SP1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 HPC Edition Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Standa
19. global hot spare is a backup physical disk that can be used by any redundant virtual disk It is not assigned dedicated to any specific virtual disk Virtual disks can typically be rebuilt by using a global spare disk as long as the global hot spare is not already part of the virtual disk and has enough available capacity Unlike a dedicated hot spare a global hot spare can be assigned at anytime even while tasks are running on virtual disks If there is enough space available on the global hot spare and a disk failure occurs the rebuild process for the virtual disk starts automatically Appendix B Appendix C Regulatory Notices Electromagnetic Interference EMI is any signal or emission radiated in free space or conducted along power or signal leads that endangers the functioning of a radio navigation or other safety service or seriously degrades obstructs or repeatedly interrupts a licensed radio communications service Radio communications services include but are not limited to AM FM commercial broadcast television cellular services radar air traffic control pager and Personal Communication Services PCS These licensed services along with unintentional radiators such as digital devices including computers contribute to the electromagnetic environment Electromagnetic Compatibility is the ability of items of electronic equipment to function properly together in the electronic environment While this system has
20. intervention for migration is not required or used by the PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter CAUTION Before starting a virtual disk migration power down both systems before removing or inserting the physical disks After the migration occurs make sure that all of the physical disks have been migrated and are present in the virtual disk CAUTION The virtual disk is lost if you perform a virtual disk migration during an OCE NOTE The PERC S100 adapter only supports SATA HDD and SATA SSD disks SAS disks cannot be migrated with a PERC S100 adapter NOTE A bootable virtual disk cannot be migrated between dissimilar controllers or dissimilar system models when the system uses Microsoft Windows Server 2003 as its operating system Virtual disk RAID Virtual disks at different RAID levels can be created levels Virtual disk Virtual disk transformation can consist of transformation e Capacity expansion using OCE to allocate additional virtual disk space on the original physical disks or after additional physical disks are added e Rebuilding rebuilding data on a virtual disk consists of using an available hot spare or backup physical disk 28 Features Specifications Table 3 2 compares the specifications of the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter Table 3 2 Specifications for the PERC 100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter Specification PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 ada
21. physical disk that is used as a dedicated hot spare cannot be a member of an existing virtual disk When the hot spare is activated it becomes the receptacle for the data from the failed physical disk member of the volume without interrupting the system or requiring your intervention A dedicated hot spare can be assigned to any redundant virtual disk and up to four hot spares can be assigned to a virtual disk However a dedicated hot spare cannot be assigned while a task is running on the virtual disk A global hot spare can be assigned when a virtual disk is created in the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility A global hot spare can be added at any time when Storage Management is used If there is enough space available on the dedicated hot spare and a disk failure occurs the rebuild process for the virtual disk starts automatically Dedicated hot spare assignments do not apply to a non redundant virtual disk K NOTE A virtual disk is marked Failed or Degraded if a physical disk reports a Failed state or if the SAS SATA cable to the physical disk or power cable is disconnected A dedicated hot spare is often preferred to a global hot spare especially for critical data This is because a dedicated hot spare guarantees that the virtual disk has a backup physical disk assigned exclusively to it in case of a failure For additional information see Managing Global Hot Spares on page 56 Appendix B 87 Global Hot Spares A
22. swap the virtual disks and place the bootable Non Raid virtual disk in the first position of the Virtual Disks ficld Table 7 2 The PERC Virtual Disk Management Option Does Not Display Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The PERC S100 adapter mode is set incorrectly in the system BIOS See Table 7 1 for the correct SATA Setting The PERC 300 adapter is not seated correctly Make sure that the PERC 300 adapter is installed in the correct slot and is properly seated Troubleshooting 63 Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 Adapter or Dell Inc PERC 300 Adapter BIOS Screen The Dell Inc PERC 100 Controller BIOS screen or Dell Inc PERC 300 Controller BIOS screen is one of the first screens to appear during your system s boot sequence If the system s virtual disks were in Normal or Ready status before a system boot the boot sequence continues normally to the Microsoft Windows Server 2008 or Microsoft Windows Server 2003 operating system But if a virtual disk is in Degraded or Failed status or if specific options in the Controller Options field were changed previously at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility the warning messages described in Table 7 3 through Table 7 6 appear during the boot sequence For other issues see Table 7 7 64 Troubleshooting Table 7 3 Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 or PERC S300 Adapter BIOS Warning Message Corrective Action WARNIN
23. system If a single physical disk fails it can be rebuilt from the parity of the applicable data on the remaining physical disks FAILED PHYSICAL Disk A physical disk that has ceased to function that consistently functions improperly or that is inaccessible 104 Glossary FAULT TOLERANCE Fault tolerance is the capability of the disk subsystem to undergo a single drive failure for the physical disks in a virtual disk without compromising data integrity and processing capability The PERC S100 controller and PERC 300 controller provide this support through redundant virtual disks in RAID levels 1 5 and 10 Fault tolerance is often associated with system availability because it allows the system to be available during drive failures In case a disk fails the PERC S100 controller and PERC 300 controller support hot spare disks and the auto rebuild feature FIRMWARE Software stored in read only memory ROM or Programmable ROM PROM Firmware is often responsible for the behavior of a system when it is first turned on A typical example would be a monitor program in a system that loads the full operating system from disk or from a network and then passes control to the operating system FORMAT The process of writing a specific value to all data fields on a physical disk to map out unreadable or bad sectors Because most physical disks are formatted when manufactured formatting is usually done only if a physical disk gen
24. that device The secondary path is used if a failure is detected on the primary path If load balancing is enabled for the controller the firmware implements a round robin scheme to issue I Os to the redundant path device The round robin scheme issues one I O down one path and the other I O down the second path and so on There is no restriction on firmware regarding which path to choose first If load balancing is disabled the firmware can use any one of the available paths to issue I Os and it should continue to use the same path for all further I O activity On reboot or path failure the firmware again chooses any available path MB Acronym for megabyte s The term megabyte means 1 048 576 bytes 27 20 bytes however when referring to hard drive storage the term is often rounded to mean 1 000 000 bytes MIRRORING The process of providing complete redundancy using two physical disks by maintaining an exact copy of one physical disk s data on the second physical disk If one physical disk fails the contents of the other physical disk can be used to maintain the integrity of the system and to rebuild the failed physical disk NAS NETWORK ATTACHED STORAGE A server that runs an operating system for handling files and which is accessible directly on a LAN by using protocols like TCP IP 106 Glossary NCO NATIVE COMMAND QUEUING A command protocol for Serial ATA that allows multiple outstanding commands to be
25. was inadvertently removed or replace it with a new or used physical disk Initialize a new physical disk Perform a Rescan for all physical disks that are replaced If the physical disk was not removed check that its cables are correctly installed Physical or mechanical problems Check if the physical disk in the virtual disk has with the physical disk failed If a physical disk was recently removed and replaced check that it is correctly positioned in the backplane Check the cable connections at the physical disk and at the motherboard Perform a rescan The virtual disk has lost e One or more physical disks in the virtual disk have redundancy failed Due to the failed physical disk or disks the virtual disk is no longer maintaining redundant mirrored or parity data The failure of an additional physical disk results in lost data Replace the physical disk or disks Rebuild the physical disk using Storage Management See the applicable Storage Management screen located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Corrupted metadata in the 1 Delete the virtual disk that has the failed virtual disk metadata 2 Assign the physical disk as a hot spare to rebuild a redundant virtual disk 3 To create a non redundant virtual disk delete and rebuilt the data on a virtual disk and restore the data from a backup storage source 72 Troubleshooting Table 7 11 Cannot Assign a Dedicated Hot Spare
26. wymagania dyrektywy Unii Europejskiej 1999 5 EC Este equipamento cumpre os requisitos essenciais da Directiva 1999 5 CE do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho Directiva RTT Toto zariadenie spl a z kladn po iadavky Direkt vy Eur pskej nie 1999 5 EC Ta oprema je skladna z bistvenimi zahtevami direktive EU 1999 5 EC Este equipo cumple los requisitos principales de la Directiva 1999 5 CE de la UE Equipos de Terminales de Radio y Telecomunicaciones Utrustningen uppfyller kraven f r EU direktivet 1999 5 EC om ansluten teleutrustning och msesidigt erk nnande av utrustningens verensst mmelse R amp TTE 94 l Appendix C Appendix D Contacting Dell For customers in the United States call 800 WWW DELL 800 999 3355 K NOTE If you do not have an active Internet connection you can find contact information on your purchase invoice packing slip bill or Dell product catalog Dell provides several online and telephone based support and service options Availability varies by country and product and some services may not be available in your area To contact Dell for sales technical support or customer service issues 1 Visit support dell com 2 Click your country region at the bottom of the page For a full listing of country region click All Click All Support from the Support menu 4 Select the appropriate service or support link based on your need Choose the method of contacting Dell that is con
27. 300 adapter allows e Creating virtual disks of different RAID levels on a single controller e Creating different RAID level virtual disks on the same physical disk to adapt each virtual disk to the I O that it processes e Building different virtual disks with different characteristics for different applications The PERC S100 adapter and PERC 5300 adapter does not allow e Creating a virtual disk from a mix of different type physical disks For example a RAID 10 virtual disk cannot be created from two SATA II HDD physical disks a SAS HDD physical disk and a SSD physical disk All of the physical disks must be the same interface SAS or SATA and drive type HDD or SSD e Selecting a physical disk as a dedicated hot spare if the physical disk is a different type from the physical disk or disks A virtual disk refers to data storage created by the controller from one or more physical disks Although a virtual disk can be created from several physical disks it is seen by the operating system as a single disk The capacity of a virtual disk can be expanded online for any RAID level without the operating system being rebooted Features 21 Table 3 1 Features of the PERC 100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Virtual disk migration The controller supports automatic virtual disk migration from a PERC S100 adapter to a PERC S300 adapter or vice versa Manual
28. 5 PERC 300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Modular AMD SP5100 South Bridge chipsets PowerEdge R510 PERC S100 adapter Intel ICH10R chipsets PERC S300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge R515 PERC S300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter AMD SP5100 South Bridge chipsets PowerEdge T110 PERC S100 adapter Intel Ibex Peak chipsets PERC 5300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge T110 II PERC S100 adapter Intel Cougar Point chipsets PERC 5300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge T310 PERC S100 adapter Intel Ibex Peak chipsets PERC 5300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge T410 PERC S100 adapter Intel ICH10R chipsets PERC 300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter Overview 13 Platform Requirements for the PERC 100 Controller and PERC S300 Controller Table 2 2 Platform Requirements PERC S100 Controller or PERC S300 Controller Component Requirements Processor x86 32 bit compatible processor greater than 500 MHz Memory 512 MB or greater Physical At least one Hard Disk Drives HDD or Solid State Disk SSD Drives disk NOTE The PERC 100 controller supports cabled configurations of up to 4 SATA HDD or 4 SATA SSD physical disks The PERC S300 controller supports cabled or hot swap configurations of up to 8 SATA or SAS HDD physical disks e SATA II HDD physical disks can be used with a PERC S100 adapter or a PERC S300 adapter SATA II SSD physical
29. 8 Appendix Ay icy aria aoe eyes Controller Specifications Controller Tasks Physical Disk Tasks Virtual Disk Tasks Contents Supported RAID Levels 79 Virtual Disk Specifications 80 9 AppendixB aa 81 RAID Technology Understanding Disk Arrays and Virtual Disks 81 10 Appendix C 20h ees dindn dr 89 Regulatory Notices 89 FCC Notice U S Only 90 Industry Canada Notice Canada Only 92 CE Notice European Union 92 CEMarkNotice 94 11 Appendix D i este oe eee eos 95 Contacting Dell 95 E A Weber ee odes Seah he 97 Gloss ocre risa datada 103 Contents Contents A WARNING Safety Instructions Use the following safety guidelines to help ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system and working environment from potential damage A WARNING Do not expose the Dell PowerEdge Expandable RAID Controller PERC S300 adapter to liquids To reduce risk of fire hazard do not cover or obstruct the ventilation openings of the system in which it is installed Do not install the controller in a zero clearance compartment This could result in overheating A WARNING Do not operate the controller if it has been dropped or damaged in any way WARNING The controller like every o
30. D levels Read Write and Cache Policy Table A 1 indicates the read write and cache policies that are supported not supported by the PERC S100 Adapter and PERC S300 adapter Table A 1 Read Write and Cache Policy for the PERC S100 adapter and PERC 300 adapter Category Supported by PERC S100 Adapter PERC 300 adapter Cache Settings Yes Read Write Yes Read Only Yes None Read Write Yes A CAUTION The current default for Write Cache mode enablement is Write Through Non Read Ahead WT NRA To enable Write Back WB a UPS is recommended AppendixA 7 Controller Tasks Table A 2 indicates the tasks that are supported or not supported by the PERC S100 Adapter and PERC 300 adapter Table A 2 PERC S100 Adapter and PERC S300 Adapter Tasks PERC S100 adapter or Supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC 300 adapterTask Name PERC S300 adapter Enable alarm No Disable alarm No Quiet alarm No Test alarm No Set check consistency rate No Rescan controller No Create virtual disk Yes Physical Disk Tasks Table A 3 indicates the physical disk tasks that are supported not supported by the controllers at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility K NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility Table A 3 Physical Disk Task
31. Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 PERC S300 User s Guide Notes Cautions and Warnings K NOTE A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer NM CAUTION A CAUTION indicates potential damage to hardware or loss of data if instructions are not followed A WARNING A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage personal injury or death Information in this publication is subject to change without notice 2008 2011 Dell Inc All rights reserved Reproduction of these materials in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Dell Inc is strictly forbidden Trademarks used in this text Dell the DELL logo PowerEdge and OpenManage are trademarks of Dell Inc Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation in the U S and other countries AMD is a registered trademark and AMD Opteron aM Phenom and AMD Sempron are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices Inc Microsoft Windows and Windows Server are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation i in the United States and or other countries Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this publication to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products Dell Inc disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own Models UCS61 UCS60 February 2011 Rev A01 Contents 1 WARNING Safety
32. ERC S100 controller only physical disks to co exist on a single controller e Physical disks of the same type SAS HDD SATA HDD SATA SSD but of different capacities e Virtual disks to be at different RAID levels on the same controller but not supported on the same group of physical disks Because some RAID levels enhance performance while others improve reliability it is important to consider your needs when planning a virtual disk configuration The ability of the controller to provide online expansion to virtual disks across multiple physical disks and controllers becomes extremely valuable when storage expansion is a requirement Appendix B 81 Understanding RAID Levels A PERC S100 controller or PERC 5300 controller supports the following RAID levels Table B 1 RAID Levels and Characteristics RAID Level Main Characteristics Advantages Volume can be created only using the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility or PERC 300 Virtual Disk Management utility Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management can manage a Volume but cannot create it NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Managementutility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility A virtual disk type that links available space on a single physical disk and forms a single logical volume on which data is stored e Conc
33. G Found virtual disks that are Degraded This warning message appears when at least one virtual disk is in a Degraded state and Pause if Degraded is set to ON at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility The following message appears after the warning is displayed Press lt Enter gt to continue or lt CTRL gt lt R gt to enter setup Press lt Enter gt to allow the operating system to continue with the boot sequence or press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to enter into the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility to investigate the cause of the Degraded virtual disk To investigate the cause check for the following e Whether a physical disk in the virtual disk has failed or has gone offline Check the status at the Physical Disks field A Degraded status depends on the RAID level of the virtual disk and the number of physical disks that have failed For a virtual disk at RAID 1 or RAID 5 a single physical disk failure causes a Degraded status For a virtual disk at RAID 10 the failure of a physical disk in each of the mirror sets creates a Degraded status for the RAID 10 The failure of two physical disks in the same mirror set creates a Failed status for the RAID 10 Whether the controller has failed due to a firmware failure or a component failure A failed controller causes a virtual disk not to boot For the virtual disk to recover from Degraded status the failed physical disk must be replaced and the virtua
34. HNOLOGY ATTACHMENT A standard interface for connecting a system s storage devices such as CD ROMs and hard drives ATAPI ATA PACKET INTERFACE An interface standard that defines the packet protocol between a system and its internal storage peripherals such as CD ROM DVD or tape drives ATAPI provides the command set for controlling the devices via an IDE interface BACKGROUND INITIALIZATION Background initialization is the automatic check for media errors on physical disks It ensures that striped data segments are the same on all physical disks in a virtual disk The difference between a background initialization and a consistency check is that a background initialization is automatic for new virtual disks The operation starts automatically after you create the disk BAS BACKGROUND ARRAY SCAN Background Array Scan is a background operation which gets executed every 100msec that verifies and corrects the mirror volume or parity data for virtual disks BAS starts automatically after a Virtual Disk is created BIOS Basic INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION UTILITY An alternate name for the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility The utility appears during system startup when lt Ctrl gt lt R gt are pressed CACHE Fast memory that holds recently accessed data Using cache speeds subsequent access to the same data It is most often applied to processor memory access but also can be used to store a copy of data acces
35. ID level 0 segment 1 is written to disk 1 segment 2 is written to disk 2 and so on Disk striping enhances performance because multiple physical disks are accessed simultaneously but disk striping does not provide data redundancy Figure 2 1 shows an example of disk striping Figure 2 1 Example of Disk Striping RAID 0 Stripe element 1 Stripe element 2 Stripe element 3 Stripe element 4 Stripe element 5 Stripe element 6 Stripe element 7 Stripe element 8 Stripe element 9 Stripe element 10 Stripe element 11 Stripe element 12 Disk Mirroring With mirroring used in RAID 1 data written to one disk is simultaneously written to another disk If one disk fails the contents of the other disk can be used to run the system and rebuild the failed physical disk The primary advantage of disk mirroring is that it provides 100 percent data redundancy Because the contents of the disk are completely written to a second disk it does not matter if one of the disks fails Both disks contain a copy of the same data at all times Either of the physical disks can act as the operational physical disk Disk mirroring provides 100 percent redundancy but is expensive because each physical disk in the system must be duplicated Figure 2 2 shows an example of disk mirroring 18 Overview K NOTE Mirrored physical disks improve read performance by read load balancing K NOTE The PERC S300 controller only supports physical disks SAS and SATA S
36. Instructions 1 SAFETY General 8 SAFETY When Working Inside Your System 8 Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge 9 2 Overview at bere te Se bees 11 Introduction o o 11 General Information Intended Audience and Prerequisites for Use 11 Related Documentation 12 PERC S100 Adapter or PERC S300 Adapter Descriptions 4 12 AboutRAID 17 RAID Terminology 18 3 Features o ad 21 General Features 21 Specifications 29 4 Hardware Installation 31 Before You Begin 31 Contents General Considerations Installing the PERC S300 Adapter Connect Physical Disks to the PERC 300 Adapter Complete the Hardware Installation Installing the Drivers Installing the Microsoft Windows Drivers RAID Configuration and Management Configuring the Controller Using the PERC Virtual Disk Management Utility Troubleshooting System Startup Problems Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 Adapter or Dell Inc PERC 300 Adapter BIOS Screen o o o o o o Virtual Disk Related Errors Physical Disk Related Errors
37. NOTE If necessary use the space bar to change the setting c Press lt Esc gt to exit d Press lt Esc gt again The following occurs If no change was made at step b the boot sequence continues e Ifa change was made at step b a dialog box appears Select Save Changes and Exit Press lt Enter gt The boot sequence continues NOTE If you decide to change from a PERC S100 adapter to a PERC S300 adapter make sure that you also change the setting at SATA Settings SATA Controller from a RAID mode to ATA Mode See step b 2 Install the PERC 300 adapter as required See Install the PERC 300 in the Hardware Installation Guide located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals 3 Initialize physical disks See Initializing Physical Disks on page 50 as required Installing the Drivers 39 Table 5 2 Pre Installation Procedures For The Controller Drivers continued Procedure Steps 4 Create a bootable See Creating Virtual Disks on page 51 virtual disk 5 Check controller a At the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility or options and the boot PERC 300 Virtual Disk Management utility use the list priority arrow keys to select Controller Options Press lt Enter gt Make sure that Toggle INT13 Boot Support is ON Press lt Esc gt to exit b At the Virtual Disks field make sure the bootable virtual disk created in Procedure 4 is the first virtual disk listed If the boot
38. Press lt Enter gt Use the arrow keys to select a physical disk Press lt Insert gt to select the physical disk or press the lt A gt key to choose all selectable physical disks K NOTE You can select and initialize multiple physical disks There is no need to initialize one physical disk at a time 8 Press lt Enter gt to initialize the selected physical disk or disks K NOTE After a physical disk is initialized as Non Raid it appears as Non Raid in the Physical Disks field of the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility A Non Raid virtual disk is also created and appears in the Virtual Disks field 9 A dialog box appears warning that any data on the physical disk will be permanently lost if it is initialized Press the lt C gt key to continue with initialization or press lt Esc gt to cancel Initialization takes 10 15 seconds per physical disk A status indicator shows which physical disk is being initialized When initialization is complete the status indicator turns off and all channels are re scanned automatically 50 RAID Configuration and Management A CAUTION If a physical disk has a virtual disk on it the physical disk cannot be A E4 selected for initialization To initialize the physical disk anyway make sure to delete the virtual disk Be sure you want to initialize the physical disk because all data on it including PERC 100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter configuration information is deleted NOTE
39. SD devices cannot be migrated to a PERC S300 controller Figure 2 2 Example of Disk Mirroring RAID 1 Stripe element 1 Stripe element 1 Duplicated Stripe element2 Stripe element 2 Duplicated Stripe element 3 Stripe element 3 Duplicated Stripe element 4 Stripe element 4 Duplicated Spanned RAID Levels Spanning is a term used to describe the way in which RAID level 10 is constructed from multiple sets of simpler RAID levels For example a RAID 10 has multiple sets of RAID 1 disk arrays in which each RAID 1 set is considered a span Data is then striped as it is in RAID 0 across the RAID 1 spans to create a RAID 10 virtual disk Parity Data Parity data is redundant data that has been generated to provide fault tolerance within certain RAID levels In the event of a drive failure the parity data can be used by the controller to regenerate user data Parity data is present only for RAID 5 disk arrays The parity data is distributed across all the physical disks in the system If a single physical disk fails it can be rebuilt from the parity and the data on the remaining physical disks RAID 5 combines distributed parity with disk striping as shown in Figure 2 3 Parity provides redundancy for one physical disk failure without duplicating the contents of entire physical disks Overview 19 Figure 2 3 Example of Distributed Parity RAID 5 20 stripe element stripe element2 stripe element7 stripe element8 stripe elemen
40. When Non Raid physical disks are installed in the system their associated Non Raid virtual disks must be deleted in order to use the physical disks with the PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter Deleting the Non Raid virtual disks initializes the Non Raid physical disks and changes their state to Ready NOTE Typically continue with the next procedure Creating Virtual Disks Creating Virtual Disks You can create virtual disks after the physical disks are initialized especially if the virtual disk is a bootable virtual disk for your system If you have not decided what RAID level to use see the Raid Technology Guide located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Before You Begin At any point in this procedure return to a prior state by pressing lt Esc gt A maximum of eight virtual disks can be created with the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Avoid mixing of redundant and non redundant raid levels on the same set of physical disks NOTE The Create Virtual Disk operation is not selectable when there is no available capacity on the physical disks Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the Main Menu field use the arrow keys to select Create Virtual Disk Press lt Enter gt RAID Configuration and Management 51 52 4 Atthe Physical Disks field select the physical disk s on which to
41. a is lost Recover the lost data from a backup storage source NOTE For a RAID 10 if a single physical disk fails in each mirrored set the redundant virtual disk goes to a Degraded status but data is not lost If two physical disks fail in one of the mirrored sets the redundant virtual disk goes to a Failed status and data is lost 66 Troubleshooting Table 7 5 Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 or S300 Adapter BIOS continued Warning Message Corrective Action WARNING Found virtual disks that are Degraded and Failed This warning message appears when multiple virtual disks are in Degraded and Failed state and Pause if Degraded or Pause if Failed are set to ON at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility The following message appears after the warning is displayed Press lt Enter gt to continue or lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to enter setup Press lt Enter gt to allow the operating system to continue its boot or press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to enter into the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility to investigate the cause of the Degraded and Failed virtual disks NOTE A boot virtual disk that is in a Failed state prevents the operating system from booting To investigate the cause check for the following e Whether the virtual disk is in Degraded status because one of the physical disks of a RAID 1 or RAID 5 virtual disk has failed or one of the physical disks of a RAID 10 virtual disk has faile
42. able virtual disk is not the first virtual disk listed see Swapping Two Virtual Disks on page 55 NOTE If Non Raid virtual disks are used and appear in the Virtual Disks list the Swap Two Virtual Disks option is enabled only if the system contains an initialized physical disk c Select Continue to Boot and press lt Enter gt NOTE If the next Procedure 6 is not applicable continue with one of the following procedures e Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC S100 Adapter on page 42 e Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC 300 Adapter on page 44 40 Installing the Drivers Table 5 2 Pre Installation Procedures For The Controller Drivers continued Procedure Steps 6 Change the Boot To change the order of the devices CD ROM optical Priority List DVD and so on perform the following for Devices if NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual applicable Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility NOTE If the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility is open select Continue to Boot then press lt Enter gt Press lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt lt Delete gt to reboot the system a Boot the system When the POST screen appears press lt F2 gt b At the Dell PowerEdge System screen use the ar
43. active on a drive at the same time NON RAID CONFIGURATION Non Raid data is data that already exists on a replacement physical disk The Non Raid physical disk must be initialized before it can be used with the PERC S100 controller or PERC 300 controller NON REDUNDANT VIRTUAL DISK A non redundant virtual disk is one which does not have redundant data on physical disks that can be used to rebuild a failed physical disk A RAID 0 virtual disk consists of data striped across the physical disks without disk mirroring or parity to provide redundancy This provides for high data throughput but offers no protection in case of a physical disk failure Ns Acronym for nanosecond s one billionth of a second NTFS NEW TECHNOLOGY FILE SYSTEM The file system used by Microsoft Windows operating systems OCE ONLINE CAPACITY EXPANSION Operation to add capacity to an existing virtual disk by adding an additional physical disk while the host system is active and without affecting data availability OFFLINE A physical disk is offline when it is part of a virtual disk but its data is not accessible to the virtual disk ONLINE An online device is a device that is accessible Parity An extra bit added to a byte or word to reveal errors in storage in RAM or disk or transmission Parity is used to generate a set of redundancy data from two or more parent data sets The redundancy data can be used to rebuild one of the par
44. aded virtual disks 22 cache support 22 creating future expansion 86 errors 70 general description 27 migration 28 PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility 48 swapping the order of two disks 55 transformation 28 troubleshooting 70 view details 57 virtual disks understanding them 81 W warning message BIOS not installed user disabled INT13 BIOS load 68 found virtual disks that are Degraded 65 found virtual disks that are Offline 66 no boot device available 68 warning messages PERC S100 Controller BIOS screen PERC 300 Controller BIOS screen warning messages 64 write policy 77 Index 101 102 Index Glossary ADAPTER An adapter enables the system to access peripheral devices by converting the protocol of one bus or interface to another An adapter may also provide specialized function For example a RAID controller is a type of adapter that provides RAID functions Adapters may reside on the system board or be an add in card Other examples of adapters include network and SCSI adapters AHCI A programming specification which defines the operation of Serial ATA host controllers also known as host bus adapters in a non implementation specific manner The specification describes a system memory structure for computer hardware vendors to exchange data between host system memory and attached storage devices ATA ADVANCED TEC
45. an available option or informational text Black text yellow Indicates an option or device for which you might take action highlighting Yellow text Indicates information about the yellow highlighted option Green text Indicates an item that has been selected Light blue text Indicates that the item cannot be selected Magenta text Indicates items that are related to hot spares or boot options Red text Indicates a failed virtual or physical disk or a warning For example informational text might be red if an option is not available RAID Configuration and Management 49 Initializing Physical Disks New physical disks must be initialized before they can be used Initialization writes controller configuration information to the physical disk Physical disks with the following statuses can be initialized e Non RAID A physical disk that was configured by a non PERC S100 adapter or PERC 5300 adapter e Ready Contains no stored data but has PERC S100 adapter or PERC 5300 adapter configuration information Physical disks that are Online cannot be initialized 1 Power up the system to start booting 2 When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility 3 AttheMain Menu field use the arrow keys to select the Initialize Physical Disk s option 4 Press lt Enter gt Use the arrow keys to select Initialize for PERC S100 PERC 300 or Initialize to Non Raid
46. and survive a physical disk failure Because background initialization helps the controller to identify and correct problems that might occur with the redundant data at a later time background initialization is similar to a consistency check Background initialization allows a redundant virtual disk to be used immediately Data is lost if a physical disk fails before the completion of a BGI NOTE Although a BGI is software initiated at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility the PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter drivers must be loaded before the BGI runs NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility Features 21 Table 3 1 Features of the PERC 100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Boot support for RAID Allows boot support for Volume RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 5 levels and RAID 10 Boot support for degraded virtual disks Enables the system to boot from degraded redundant virtual disks RAID 1 RAID 5 or RAID 10 Cache support for virtual disks Supports these cache options None Read Only Read Write The PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter uses part of system memory for cache Checkpointing Allows different types of checkpointing background initialization consistency check and rebuild to resume
47. ansion much easier K NOTE The diskpart exe utility version depends on which version of the Windows operating system is running K NOTE The diskpart exe utility can be found on the CD for some versions of Windows operating systems or on the Microsoft Corporation website microsoft com for other versions Use the correct version for your operating system Understanding Physical Disks Physical Disk States Within the management applications physical disks can be part of one or more virtual disks and can exist in the states indicated Table B 5 Minimum and Maximum Physical Disk Configurations RAID Level Minimum Number of Physical Disks Maximum Number of Physical Disks RAID 0 2 8 RAID 1 2 2 RAID 10 8 8 RAID 5 3 8 86 Appendix B Rescanning Physical Disks for Changes in State The physical disk information displayed at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility is the state of the physical disks when they were last scanned If a rescan has not been performed the information displayed is the state of the physical disks at boot time Every time a physical disk is connected or disconnected while online a rescan is performed A rescan is automatically performed when Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management detects that a physical disk has been added or removed Dedicated Hot Spares A dedicated hot spare is a backup physical disk for the redundant virtual disk to which it is assigned The
48. anufacturer and model number When finished press lt Esc gt to return to the main window Viewing Virtual Disk Details 1 2 Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the Main Menu field select View Virtual Disk Details Press lt Enter gt Use the arrow keys to choose a virtual disk Virtual disk information is displayed at the top of the window and in the Virtual Disks field e Virtual disk number e RAID level e Size e Status R W R NA When finished press lt Esc gt to return to the main window K NOTE The Physical Disks field indicates the physical disks that are in the virtual disk highlighted by green text RAID Configuration and Management 57 Rescanning Disks This option enables you to rescan all channels and detect new or removed physical disks or virtual disks e To perform a rescan select Rescan Disks from the Main Menu field and press lt Enter gt The activity indicator in the information field at the top of the window spins while the physical disks are being polled The Rescan Disks option rescans all the channels searches for new or removed physical disks and re reads the configuration information from each physical disk K NOTE Sometimes when a physical disk has failed it can be brought online through a rescan Controller Options The Controller Options featu
49. ata transfer completion signal to the host when the disk subsystem has received all the data and has completed the write transaction to the disk WHOL Winbows HARDWARE QUALITY LABS A Microsoft Corporation facility that provides testing services for non Microsoft hardware and device drivers to ensure compliance and compatibility with Microsoft operating systems 110 Glossary
50. atenation allows access to a single physical disk Concatenation does not provide performance benefits or data redundancy When a physical disk in a concatenated virtual disk fails data is lost from that virtual disk Because there is no redundancy data can be restored only from a backup RAID 0 striping 82 Appendix B Provides the highest performance but no data redundancy Data in the virtual disk is striped distributed across two or more physical disks RAID 0 virtual disks are useful for holding information such as the operating system paging file where performance is extremely important but redundancy is not Table B 1 RAID Levels and Characteristics continued RAID Level Main Characteristics Advantages RAID 1 mirroring Mirrors data on one physical disk to another to provide basic redundancy In the event of a single physical disk failure a second copy of the data exists which can be used to restore the data to a new replacement physical disk Useful when only two physical disks are available and when data integrity is more important than storage capacity RAID 10 striped mirror sets Combines mirrored and striped sets data are striped across mirrored sets of physical disks RAID 10 allows multiple physical disk failures up to one failed physical disk in each mirror that has been striped In the event of a single physical disk failure per m
51. bance Characteristics Limits and Methods of Measurement EN 55024 Information Technology Equipment Immunity Characteristics Limits and Methods of Measurement 92 Appendix C e EN 61000 3 2 Electromagnetic Compatibility Part 3 Limits Section 2 Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions Equipment Input Current Up to and Including 16 A Per Phase e EN 61000 3 3 Electromagnetic Compatibility Part 3 Limits Section 3 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low Voltage Supply Systems for Equipment With Rated Current Up to and Including 16 A EN 60950 Safety of Information Technology Equipment EN 55022 emissions requirements provide for two classifications e Class A is for typical commercial areas e Class B is for typical domestic areas To determine which classification applies to your system examine the FCC or ICES information on the regulatory label located on the back side or bottom panel of the system If the FCC or ICES information on the label indicates a Class B rating the following Class B statement applies to your system This Dell device is classified for use in a typical Class B domestic environment A Declaration of Conformity in accordance with the preceding directives and standards has been made and is on file at Dell Inc Products Europe BV Limerick Ireland AppendixC 93 CE Mark Notice This equipment complies with the essential requirements of the
52. been designed and determined to be compliant with regulatory agency limits for EMI there is no guarantee that interference may not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause interference with radio communications services which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on you are encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient the receiving antenna e Relocate the system with respect to the receiver e Move the system away from the receiver Plug the system into a different outlet so that the system and the receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary consult a Dell Technical Support representative or an experienced radio television technician for additional suggestions For additional regulatory information see the owner s manual or user s guide for your system Appendix C 89 Dell computers are designed tested and classified for their intended electromagnetic environment These electromagnetic environment classifications generally refer to the following harmonized definitions e Class A is typically for business or industrial environments e Class Bis typically for residential environments Information Technology Equipment ITE including devices expansion cards printers input output I O devices monitors and so on that are integrated into or connected to the system must match the electromagnetic environment classificatio
53. building A broken mirror can be rebuilt after a new physical disk is inserted and the physical disk is designated as a hot spare The system does not have to be rebooted Online Capacity Expansion OCE OCE is a process that allows you to add storage capacity to an existing virtual disk In most cases additional storage capacity can be added without taking the system offline However if an additional physical disk needs to be added and the system does not support hot swapping the system must be turned off OCE enables you to increase the total storage capacity of a virtual disk by integrating unused storage with the virtual disk Data can be accessed while the physical disks are added if a system has hot swap capability and while data on the virtual disk is being redistributed For Volume and RAID 1 OCE expands the virtual disk by using the available space of the physical disks that are already members of the virtual disk For RAID 0 RAID 5 and RAID 10 additional capacity can be attained by adding physical disks to the virtual disk Physical disks general 24 Features The PERC S100 adapter supports up to four SATA HDD or SSD physical disks The PERC S300 adapter supports up to eight SAS or SATA HDD physical disks NOTE The physical disks in a virtual disk must be the same interface and drive type HDD or SSD For example you cannot mix a SATA and SAS interface HDD or SSD or HDD and SSD physical disks i
54. capacity K NOTE If you want to have a bootable virtual disk make sure that INT 13 support is enabled on the controller as described in Controller Options on page 58 Deleting Virtual Disks A CAUTION Although any virtual disk in the Virtual Disks field can be deleted including the first listed virtual disk in the field do not delete the first listed virtual disk It may be the system s bootable virtual disk Deleting the bootable virtual disk erases the operating system and the controller drivers A CAUTION When a physical disk is removed from a system the current PERC S100 adapter or PERC 300 adapter configuration information metadata remains on the disk If the removed physical disk causes a virtual disk to fail and the virtual disk is then deleted and a Rescan is performed re inserting the physical disk causes the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility to merge the re inserted physical disk s RAID Configuration and Management 53 configuration information with the existing configuration information The previously deleted virtual disk re appears in the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility VAN CAUTION Make sure that all physical disks that are part of a virtual disk are in the system before you delete the virtual disk Power up the system to start booting 2 When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility 3 Atthe Main Menu field select Delete Virtual Disk
55. crosoft Windows Server 2003 When you are asked to load additional drivers press lt Enter gt to start the Microsoft Windows installation process 7 From the list at the Select the operating system you want to install window select the applicable operating system Click Next 8 Perform the remaining operating system installation instructions Some of the windows require user specific password and system information As required contact your IT administrator for assistance For Microsoft Windows Server 2003 only Two warning dialog boxes appear during the Installing Windows segment of the installation At the Software Installation dialog box click Yes At the Hardware Installation dialog box click Yes K NOTE When the operating system installation process is finished remove the installation media inserted in step 5 Installing the Drivers 43 Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC S300 Adapter A CAUTION The latest firmware drivers and applications must be installed K 44 whenever the controller software is upgraded A previous version of the driver might not work with the latest controller software and vice versa NOTE When using an external USB floppy disk drive make sure to connect it to the system when the system is powered off and before starting step 1 Reboot the system When the POST screen appears press lt F11 gt Insert the Windows
56. d Press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt and verify if the physical disks are offline or missing Remove and replace a failed physical disk A second physical disk failure could cause a Degraded virtual disk to change to Failed status Whether the virtual disk is in a Failed status because one or more of the physical disks have failed Press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt and verify if the physical disks are offline or missing Remove and replace the failed physical disk or disks Troubleshooting 67 Table 7 6 Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 or S300 Adapter BIOS continued Warning Message Corrective Action BIOS NOT INSTALLED User Disabled INT13 BIOS Load This warning message appears when e The INT13 Boot Support option has been set to OFF at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Bootable devices do not function with the controller when INT 13 Boot Support is set to OFF ON is the default setting which allows bootable devices to function with the controller NOTE You can set INT 13 Boot Support to OFF when you want to boot the system from another boot device for example another hard drive It is recommended that you use only your system s current boot device If INT 13 Boot Support is set to OFF and another boot device is not selected the following occurs e The boot sequence stops after BIOS Not Installed User Disabled INT 13 BIOS Load appears A second warning message appears No boot device avai
57. de procedures you can use to configure physical disks and virtual disks The PERC Virtual Disk Management utility differs from the Dell Inc system BIOS which contains the BIOS settings for each Dell platform and is accessed by pressing lt F2 gt during system startup PHYSICAL Disk A non volatile randomly addressable device for storing data Physical disks are rewriteable and commonly referred to as disk drives PNP PLUG AND PLAY A technology that allows automatic recognition of interface cards and devices when plugged into a PC Port A connection point to a RAID controller disk drive enclosure or another device RAID REDUNDANT ARRAY OF INDEPENDENT DISKS An array of multiple independent physical disks managed together to yield higher reliability and or performance exceeding that of a single physical disk The virtual disk appears to the operating system as a single storage unit I O is expedited because several disks can be accessed simultaneously Redundant RAID levels RAID levels 1 5 and 10 provide data protection RAID LEVELS A set of techniques applied to the physical disks in a virtual disk to deliver higher data availability and or performance characteristics to host environments Each virtual disk must have a RAID level assigned to it RAID MANAGEMENT UTILITY A RAID management utility PERC Virtual Disk Management utility is used to configure physical disks and virtual disks Use the PERC Virt
58. disks and initialize them If existing physical disks have a status of New they need to be initialized WARNING When a physical disk is initialized all data on the physical disk is lost NOTE A physical disk with a Non Raid status can be initialized if desired but it is no longer Non Raid initialization adds PERC 100 adapter PERC S300 adapter configuration information to the physical disk Troubleshooting 13 74 Table 7 12 Cannot Create a Global Hot Spare continued The physical disk is already part of a virtual disk A global hot spare cannot be selected if it is already part of an existing virtual disk The physical disk assigned as the global hot spare has failed When prompted at system startup press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility select View Virtual Disk Details and press lt Enter gt Determine whether the physical disk that is designated as the global hot spare has a status of Failed e Check to see if the physical disk is malfunctioning or is physically disconnected e Select another physical disk as the global hot spare The physical disk assigned as the global hot spare is missing e Check to see if the physical disk was removed from the backplane or cable connection or whether the cables from the controller to the physical disk are disconnected or faulty e Perform a rescan to verify that the
59. e of free disks in the system system SMART is supported under the Windows Driver but is not supported with Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UEFI and CTRL R The SWRAID SMART drive status shows as Degraded in OpenManage Storage Services OMSS 30 Features Hardware Installation Before You Begin This chapter describes how to install the Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S300 adapter K NOTE The PERC S100 controller is an integral component of the motherboard Hardware installation instructions are not required for a system with a PERC S100 controller General Considerations AA WARNING Before you begin any of the procedures in this chapter follow the safety instructions that were shipped with your system For additional safety information see the Regulatory Compliance Homepage on dell com at the following location dell com regulatory_compliance A WARNING Electrostatic discharge can damage sensitive components Always use proper antistatic protection when handling components Touching components without using a proper ground can damage the equipment A WARNING Plug the PERC 300 controller only into a PCI E slot Plugging the controller into an incorrect type of slot can potentially destroy the controller as well as the motherboard VAN CAUTION Before installing a controller in an existing system back up all critical data Failure to follow this accepted system management practice could result in
60. ence at your own expense 90 Appendix C FCC Class B This product generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the manufacturer s instruction manual may cause interference with radio and television reception This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions e This device may not cause harmful interference This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation NM CAUTION The FCC regulations provide that changes or modifications not expressly approved by Dell Inc could void your authority to operate this equipment These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference may not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference with radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on you are encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient the receiving antenna e Relocate the system with respect to the receiver e Move the system away from the receiver e Plug the system into a different
61. ent data sets However parity data does not fully duplicate the parent data sets In RAID this method is applied to entire physical disks or stripe elements across all physical disks in a virtual disk Parity consists of dedicated parity in which the parity of the data on two or more physical disks is stored on an additional physical disk and distributed parity in which the parity data are distributed among all the physical disks in the system If a single physical disk fails it can be rebuilt from the parity of the applicable data on the remaining physical disks PARTITION A logical structure on a contiguous segment of storage on a physical disk or virtual disk that is recognizable by an operating system PCIE PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT EXPRESS A high speed peripheral interconnect that can accommodate gigabit and chip to chip transfers PERC S100 VIRTUAL Disk MANAGEMENT PERC S300 VIRTUAL Disk MANAGEMENT UTILITY The PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management or PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility aka PERC Virtual Disk Management utility configures and maintains RAID virtual disks and manages the RAID system Because the utility resides in the controller BIOS its operation is independent of the operating Glossary 107 system The PERC Virtual Disk Management utility accessed by pressing lt Ctrl gt lt R gt at system startup is built on elements called controls Each control performs a function The functions inclu
62. er order A WARNING A virtual disk is lost if you perform disk roaming while an OCE is running at Storage Management NOTE For more information on how to open the system and add parts see the Hardware Owner s Manual available on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Perform the following steps for physical disk roaming NOTE These steps do not apply to systems that have a backplane with hot swap capability 1 Turn off the power to the system physical disks and system components 2 Disconnect the power cables from the system 3 Move the physical disks to different slots on the backplane or to different cable connections 4 Perform a safety check Make sure the physical disks are inserted properly 5 Connect the power cables and power up the system NOTE The controller detects the RAID configuration from the configuration data on the physical disks Storage port Storport driver support For use with Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and later the Storport driver improves throughput and miniport driver interfaces Stripe size 26 Features Stripe size is determined by a PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter algorithm Stripe size cannot be configured by the user Table 3 1 Features of the PERC S100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Virtual disks general Up to eight virtual disks are supported The PERC S100 adapter and PERC S
63. erates many media errors GB Acronym for gigabyte s A gigabyte equals 1 024 megabytes or 1 073 741 824 bytes 27 30 bytes GPT GUID PARTITION TABLE A standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical hard disk GLOBALLY UNIQUE IDENTIFIER GUID A unique reference number identifier used in software applications HBA Host Bus ADAPTOR An adaptor card that includes the I O logic software and processing to manage the transfer of information between the host system and devices connected to it Host SYSTEM Any system on which the RAID controller is installed Mainframes workstations and personal systems can all be considered host systems HoT SPARE An idle powered on stand by physical disk ready for immediate use in case of disk failure It does not contain any user data A hot spare can be dedicated to a single redundant virtual disk or it can be part of the global hot spare pool for all virtual disks controlled by the controller When a disk fails the PERC S100 controller or PERC 5300 controller automatically replaces and rebuilds the data from the failed physical disk to the hot spare Data can be rebuilt only from virtual disks with redundancy RAID levels 1 5 or 10 not RAID 0 and the hot spare must have sufficient capacity If the hot spare is designated as having enclosure affinity it attempts to rebuild any failed disks on the backplane within which it resides before rebuilding any other o
64. he controller gently but firmly until the controller is firmly seated in the PCI E slot See Figure 4 1 Tighten the bracket screw if any or use the system s retention clips to secure the controller to the system s chassis K NOTE If you are attempting to install a Modular PERC S300 refer to the platform documentation for help with the installation Hardware Installation Figure 4 1 Installing a PERC 300 Adapter 1 bracket screw 2 PERC S300 Adapter 3 PCI E slot 4 filler bracket 5 PClbracket Hardware Installation 33 Figure 4 2 Connecting the Cables 1 cables to the physical disks applies to 2 SAS SATA x4 internal systems with a PERC 300 adapter or to connectors 2 backplanes applies only to systems with a PERC 300 modular 3 PERC S300 Adapter 34 Hardware Installation Connect Physical Disks to the PERC S300 Adapter A WARNING Critical system components might be damaged if the installer is not properly grounded to prevent electrostatic discharge ESD K NOTE Use either the standard power connector or if available on the power supply a SATA SATA II power connector Do not use both K NOTE You can view the physical disk LEDs on a system that uses a PERC S300 controller by removing the front panel from the system K NOTE The controller supports a feature that staggers the spinup of each physical disk sequentially This allows enough time bet
65. he host system is powered on If a system supports hot swapping physical disks can be plugged into a system s backplane while the controller is operating without causing the controller to reset CAUTION A physical disk can be hot swapped from a system only if the system has a PERC 300 adapter and a backplane that supports hot swapping NOTE If a system s physical disks are accessible only when the system s cover is removed the physical disks cannot be hot swapped The physical disks must be located on the backplane behind the removable front panel and accessible externally NOTE When replacing physical disks in a virtual disk that has already been created make sure that SAS HDD physical disks are replaced with SAS HDD physical disks that SATA HDD physical disks are replaced with SATA HDD physical disks and that SATA SSD physical disks are replaced with SATA SSD physical disks NOTE When hot swapping a physical disk make sure that the new disk is of equal or greater capacity to the physical disk that is being replaced Features 25 Table 3 1 Features of the PERC S100 controller and PERC 300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Physical disk roaming The controller supports moving a physical disk from one backplane slot or cable connection to another on the same controller The controller automatically recognizes the repositioned physical disk and logically places it in the prop
66. ical disk in the virtual disk fails As required swap that virtual disk into the first position at Virtual Disks if it is not already virtual disk 1 See the Swap Two Virtual Disks option below The boot device and the boot order are user selectable The swap feature is available only with the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility K NOTE Only two virtual disks can be swapped at a time Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility At the Main Menu field select Swap Two Virtual Disks Press lt Enter gt Use the arrow keys to highlight a virtual disk at the Virtual Disk field Press lt Insert gt Use the arrow keys to highlight another virtual disk Press lt Insert gt Press lt Enter gt to swap the virtual disks RAID Configuration and Management 55 Managing Global Hot Spares This option enables you to create a global hot spare from a selected physical disk or to delete a global hot spare K NOTE A global hot spare can be created only if a physical disk is in Ready or Normal status at the Physical Disks field If the physical disk is in Online status it is being used by a virtual disk and cannot be selected as a hot spare Create a Global Hot Spare 1 2 Power up the system to start booting When prompted press the lt Ctrl gt lt R gt keys to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Atthe
67. ient available capacity The system already has a Delete unused virtual disks maximum of eight virtual disks CAUTION Deleting a virtual disk destroys all data on the virtual disk Table 7 9 A Virtual Disk is in a Failed State Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The virtual disk has lost one or Replace the failed physical disk s and restore the more physical disks data from a backup storage source A physical disk in the virtual disk Re install the original physical disk if it was has failed or has been removed inadvertently removed Perform a rescan e Check the status of the physical disks in the virtual disk Replace any failed disk s if necessary Restore the data from a backup storage source After any change perform a rescan to verify if the disk is still in a Failed state The virtual disk has lost the One or more physical disks have failed maximum allowable physical If the virtual disk is non redundant the failure disks per RAID level of a single physical disk can cause the virtual disk to fail If the virtual disk is redundant two or more physical disks have failed and the virtual disk cannot be rebuilt Create a new virtual disk Restore the data from a backup storage source Troubleshooting 71 Table 7 10 A Virtual Disk is in a Degraded State Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions A physical disk was removed e Install the original physical disk if it
68. include familiarity with e Servers and computer networks e RAID technology Storage interface technology such as SAS and SATA Related Documentation For more information about the PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter and its relationship to the Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management documentation see the Storage Management documentation available on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals PERC 100 Adapter or PERC S300 Adapter Descriptions The following list describes each type of controller The PERC 300 Adapter has two internal connectors with x4 SAS ports e The PERC 300 Modular has two internal connectors with x4 SAS ports e The PERC S100 adapter runs on the ICH or PCH chipset on the platform motherboard 12 Overview Supported Platforms Table 2 1 Dell Systems and Support Matrix for the PERC S100 Adapter and PERC 300 Adapter PowerEdge Server PERC Controller with Chipset and Adapter Support per Platform PowerEdge R210 PERC S100 adapter Intel Ibex Peak chipsets PERC 5300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge R210 II PERC S100 adapter Intel Cougar Point chipsets PERC S300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Adapter PowerEdge R310 PERC S100 adapter Intel Ibex Peak chipsets PERC 300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Modular PowerEdge R410 PERC S100 adapter Intel ICH10R chipsets PERC 300 adapter Dell 3Gb s SAS Modular PowerEdge R41
69. irror set a second copy of the data exists which can be used to restore the data to a new replacement physical disk e Offers better performance than a simple mirror because of the additional physical disks e Requires twice the disk space of RAID 0 to offer redundancy e When a physical disk in a RAID 10 virtual disk fails the virtual disk is still functional Data is read from the surviving mirrored disk Appendix B 83 Table B 1 RAID Levels and Characteristics continued RAID Level Main Characteristics Advantages RAID 5 striping with Stripes data as well as parity Offers exceptional read parity across all physical disks inthe performance as well as virtual disk Parity redundancy information is interspersed A Requires only one extra across the virtual disk E i physical disk to offer In the event of a single redundancy physical disk failure parity For most systems with three data exists on the remaining or more physical disks this is physical disks which can be the best choice as a RAID used to restore the data to a new replacement physical disk level Disk States Virtual and Physical Disks The following tables indicate the statuses that can appear at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Table B 2 Physical Disk States State Definition ATAPI Indicates a peripheral device CD ROM DVD or tape drive instead of a physical disk
70. l disk must be rebuilt using Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management When the rebuild operation is completed the virtual disk status changes from Degraded to Ready For a description of the rebuild function see Storage Management located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Troubleshooting 65 Table 7 4 Warning Messages Dell Inc PERC 100 or S300 Adapter BIOS continued Warning Message Corrective Action WARNING Found virtual disks that are Failed This warning message appears when at least one virtual disk is in a Failed state and Pause if Failed is set to ON at the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility The following message appears after the warning is displayed Press lt Enter gt to continue or lt Ctrl gt lt R gt Lo enter Setup gt Press lt Enter gt to allow the operating system to continue its boot or press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to enter into the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility to investigate the cause of the Failed virtual disk NOTE A boot virtual disk that is in a Failed state prevents the operating system from booting To investigate the cause check for the following e Determine if a single or multiple physical disks in a non redundant virtual disk have failed If yes data is lost Recover the lost data from a backup storage source Determine if two or more physical disks in a redundant virtual disk have failed If yes dat
71. lable strike Fl to retry boot F2 for setup utility F11 for BIOS boot manager When the system s boot sequence stops perform the following 1 Press lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt lt Del gt to exit from the boot sequence 2 Turn off your system then restart it 3 When instructed during the start up sequence press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to access the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility 4 At the Main Menu field use the arrow key to scroll to Controller Options Press lt Enter gt 5 At INT13 Boot Support press lt Enter gt and change OFF to ON 6 Press lt Esc gt 7 At the Main Menu field use the arrow key to scroll to Continue to Boot Press lt Enter gt NOTE The system boot sequence continues to the operating system 68 Troubleshooting Table 7 7 Other Errors Appearing on the BIOS Issue Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The RAID 0 goes offline and the RAID 1 becomes degraded in a PowerEdge R210 system with two drives Faulty physical disk 1 Boot system into CTLR R and replace faulty drive 2 Delete the failed RAID 0 and then create a new RAID 0 Now RAID 0 is optimal and RAID 1 is still degraded 3 Install OS on the RAID 0 and backup RAID 1 4 Delete and Recreate RAID 1 and restore backup data When attempting to update system backplane firmware and or Hard drive firmware using DUPs the updates fail DUPs are not supported Use the DOS utilities eSata device
72. m Before you remove the system covers perform the following steps in the sequence indicated A WARNING Only trained service technicians are authorized by Dell to remove covers from the system and access any of the internal components unless the Dell documentation expressly states otherwise NM CAUTION To help avoid possible damage to the system board wait five seconds after turning off the system before disconnecting the controller Turn off the system and any devices 2 Wear grounding straps that are properly grounded before touching anything inside the system 3 While you work periodically touch an unpainted metal surface on the chassis to dissipate any static electricity that might harm internal components 4 Disconnect your system and devices from their power sources To reduce the potential of personal injury or shock disconnect any telecommunication lines from the system 8 WARNING Safety Instructions In addition take note of these safety guidelines when appropriate When you disconnect any cable pull on its connector or on its strain relief loop not on the cable itself Some cables have a connector with locking tabs If you are disconnecting this type of cable press in on the locking tabs before disconnecting the cable As you pull connectors apart keep them evenly aligned to avoid bending any connector pins Also before you connect a cable make sure that both connectors are correctly oriented and alig
73. m media into the optical drive of the system 3 When the BIOS boot manager or boot device menu appears select the text that begins with Embedded SATA and press lt Enter gt 4 Install the applicable Microsoft Windows operating system using the on screen instructions 5 At the Select the driver to be installed window a Load Driver sub screen appears Perform the following For Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 a Insert the CD ROM DVD USB flash drive or floppy disk that contains the files copied at Downloading the Controller Driver Media on page 37 Click Browse b At the Browse to folder window access the directory that contains the controller driver files Locate and select the files Click OK 42 Installing the Drivers For Microsoft Windows Server 2003 a Insert the floppy disk that contains the files copied at Downloading the Controller Driver Media on page 37 An external USB floppy disk drive can be used if your system does not have a built in floppy disk drive b Press lt F6 gt on the keyboard when prompted at the beginning of the Windows setup c Wait until the Windows Setup window with S Specify Additional Device appears Press lt S gt on the keyboard d Insert the requested media disk as applicable and press lt Enter gt 6 At the next Select the driver to be installed window select Dell PERC 100 S300 Controller Click Next to load the driver files For Mi
74. mbination with parity does provide data redundancy TB TERABYTE One thousand gigabytes approximately one trillion bytes TRANSFORMATION A transformation can mean 1 Capacity expansion using OCE adding more physical disks to a virtual disk and increasing the storage capacity of the virtual disk or virtual disks or 2 Rebuilding rebuilding data on the virtual disk from a redundant virtual disk or from a hot spare or backup physical disk VIRTUAL DISK A virtual disk refers to storage created by a RAID controller from one or more physical disks Although a virtual disk may be created from several physical disks it is seen by the operating system as a single disk Depending on the RAID level used the virtual disk may retain redundant data in case of a disk failure WRITE CACHE ENABLE In Write cache enable mode the controller sends a data transfer completion signal to the host when the controller cache has received all the data in a disk write transaction The VD cache is disabled by default but can be enabled by the user through the user interface The risk of using Write cache enable is that the cached data can be lost if there is a power failure before it is written to the storage device This risk can be mitigated by using a Uninterrupted Power Supply UPS on PERC S100 or S300 system A UPS is recommended for use if the cache is enabled WRITE CACHE DISABLE In Write Through caching mode the controller sends a d
75. n of the system A Notice About Shielded Signal Cables Use only shielded cables for connecting devices to any Dell device to reduce the possibility of interference with radio communications services Using shielded cables ensures that you maintain the appropriate Electromagnetic Compatibility classification for the intended environment Cables are available from Dell at dell com Most Dell computers are classified for Class B environments However the inclusion of certain options can change the rating of some configurations to Class A To determine the electromagnetic classification for your system or device see the following sections specific for each regulatory agency Each section provides country specific Electromagnetic Compatibility EMI or product safety information FCC Notice U S Only FCC Class A This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This product generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the manufacturer s instruction manual may cause harmful interference with radio communications Operation of this product in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case you will be required to correct the interfer
76. n other backplanes Glossary 105 HoT Swap Replacement of a failed component while the system is running and operating normally INITIALIZATION The process of writing zeros to the data fields of a virtual disk and in fault tolerant RAID levels generating the corresponding parity to put the virtual disk in a Ready state Initialization generates parity information so that the virtual disk is redundant Virtual disks can work without initialization but they are not truly redundant until initialization is performed INT 13H ADOS interrupt used to activate seek read write and format disk functions The Int 13h interface supports physical disks that contain up to an approximate maximum disk space of 8 45 GB JBOD Just A BUNCH OF Disks DRIVES A storage subsystem that uses a single or multiple independent disk drives LED LIGHT EMITTING DIODE An electronic device that illuminates when powered LOAD BALANCING Load balancing is a method of spreading work between two or more computers network links CPUs physical disk drives or other resources Load balancing is used to maximize resource use throughput or response time In the controllers the balancing service is performed by the firmware You can choose between a single path for load balancing and a round robin load balancing scheme In single path the firmware can detect multiple paths to a device and use only a single path for I O activity to
77. n the same virtual disk A maximum of eight physical disks can be used for RAID 0 and RAID 5 A maximum of two physical disks can be used for RAID 1 A maximum of four physical disks can be used for RAID 10 If a physical disk fails during system startup the controller identifies the failed physical disk as follows At the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility by highlighting the failed physical disk in a virtual disk in red Table 3 1 Features of the PERC S100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description e Ina brief warning at the Dell Inc PERC 100 Controller BIOS or Dell Inc PERC 300 Controller BIOS screen that a virtual disk s were found that are Degraded and or Failed This alerts the user to the failed physical disk s At Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management e With a bi color Status LED on each physical disk The green element of the Status LED is off while the amber element flashes on and off NOTE The Status LED applies only to systems with a PERC S300 adapter and a backplane that has removable physical disks NOTE PERC S100 adapters support HDD physical disks of capacity 2 TB and greater Current and upcoming releases of PERC S300 adapters will only support upto 2 TB HDD physical disks Physical disk hot swapping hot swap capability Hot swap hot plug capability is the manual substitution of a physical disk for another one while t
78. ned e Handle the controller with care Do not touch the components or contacts on the controller Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Electrostatic discharge ESD events can harm electronic components inside your system ESD or electrostatic discharge is the process by which static electricity can build up within a person or an object and then discharge into another object ESD events can harm your PERC 5300 adaper your system and other electrical components To prevent ESD damage you must discharge static electricity from your body before you interact with any of the system s internal electronic components You can protect against ESD by touching a metal grounded object such as an unpainted metal surface on your system s I O panel before you interact with anything electronic In addition as you work inside the system periodically touch an I O connector to remove any static charge your body might have accumulated You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge e When unpacking the controller from its shipping carton do not remove the controller from the antistatic packing material until you are ready to install it Just before unwrapping the antistatic package be sure to discharge static electricity from your body e Handle all electrostatic sensitive components in a static safe area If possible use anti static floor pads and work bench pads WARNING Safety Instructions 9
79. ntains a memory board a memory board bus a CPU and a battery card STORPORT The Storport driver has been designed to replace SCSIport and work with Windows 2003 and beyond In addition it offers better performance for newer RAID controller protocols like SAS provides higher I O throughput rates improves manageability and has an upgraded miniport interface For example while SCSIport allows a maximum of 254 commands per controller Storport allows 254 commands per logical unit number LUN STORAGE ARRAYS A storage entity that is managed entirely by storage management software A storage array consists of a collection of physical components drives controllers fans and power supplies and logical components such as virtual disks A storage array can span multiple physical enclosures Glossary 109 STRIPING Disk striping writes data across all physical disks in a virtual disk Each stripe consists of consecutive virtual disk data addresses that are mapped in fixed size units to each physical disk in the virtual disk using a sequential pattern For example if the virtual disk includes five physical disks the stripe writes data to physical disks one through five without repeating any of the physical disks The amount of space consumed by a stripe is the same on each physical disk The portion of a stripe that resides on a physical disk is a stripe element Striping by itself does not provide data redundancy Striping in co
80. operating system media into the optical drive of the system When the BIOS Boot Manager window appears select the text that begins with SATA Optical Drive and press lt Enter gt Install the applicable Microsoft Windows operating system using the on screen instructions From the list at the Select the operating system you want to install window select the applicable operating system Click Next Perform the on screen instructions at the next several windows At Install Windows Where do you want to install Windows perform the following For Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 a Insert the CD ROM DVD USB flash drive or floppy disk that contains the files copied at Downloading the Controller Driver Media on page 37 Click Load Driver b At the Load Driver sub screen click Browse c Select the directory that has the controller driver files Click OK For Microsoft Windows Server 2003 a Insert the floppy disk that contains the files copied at Downloading the Controller Driver Media on page 37 An external USB floppy disk drive can be used if your system does not have a built in floppy disk drive b Press lt F6 gt on the keyboard when prompted at the beginning of the Windows setup Installing the Drivers c Wait until the Windows Setup screen appears with S Specify Additional Device Press lt S gt on the keyboard d Insert the requested media disk as applicable and press l
81. or operating system installation using a USB key Pre Installation Requirements for the Controller Drivers e Make sure that your system has the latest BIOS and firmware updates from the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals e Perform the pre installation procedures in Table 5 2 before you install the controller drivers and the operating system e When you are ready to install the controller drivers and operating system see Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC S100 Adapter on page 42 or Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC 300 Adapter on page 44 38 Installing the Drivers Table 5 2 Pre Installation Procedures For The Controller Drivers Procedure Steps 1 Confirm or change configuration settings at the Dell PowerEdge System window a Boot the system When the Dell Power On Self Test POST screen appears press lt F2 gt b Wait until the Dell PowerEdge System window appears Perform the following depending on the controller e For a PERC S100 adapter Scroll to SATA Settings Press lt Enter gt At the sub screen confirm that the SATA Controller is set to a RAID mode NOTE If necessary use the space bar to change the setting e For a PERC 300 adapter Scroll to SATA Settings Press lt Enter gt At the sub screen set SATA Controller to cither ATA Mode or AHCI
82. ot The S100 rom option appears during disabled when S100 and 300 are available NOTE If both controllers are used in the system the windows driver manager displays the additional driver Virtual Disk Related Errors Use the information on the following tables as guidelines for troubleshooting the controller Table 7 8 Cannot Create a Virtual Disk Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The physical disk is not displayed This error might be because The controller cannot communicate with the physical disks A cable might be loose or defective Re seat the physical disks in the backplane and check their cables Insufficient free space available on the selected physical disks There must be sufficient available free space on the physical disk s used by the virtual disk Incorrect number of physical disks selected for the desired RAID level 10 Troubleshooting See Understanding RAID Levels in the RAID Technology Guide located on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals for a description of RAID levels and the allowable number of physical disks used with each RAID level Table 7 8 Cannot Create a Virtual Disk continued Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The desired physical disk is Determine whether the physical disk unavailable e Is a dedicated hot spare and unavailable for use in another virtual disk e Is full or has insuffic
83. ot The controller cannot communicate with the hot visible in the PERC Virtual spare Disk Management utility or Check if the physical disk has been removed or has is offline failed i Check for a loose or bad cable Troubleshooting 15 Table 7 15 The Wrong Physical Disk was Removed Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions A physical disk has been The removal of one physical disk from a virtual disk removed from a virtual disk causes A Volume or RAID 0 virtual disk to change to Failed status ARAID and RAID 5 virtual disk to change to Degraded status e A RAID 10 virtual disk to change to Degraded status when a physical disk is removed from one of the mirrored sets Re insert the removed physical disk and perform a Rescan of the virtual disk Table 7 16 Cannot Initialize a Physical Disk Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The physical disk cannot be Check whether or not the physical disk is initialized Already a member of a virtual disk e Currently a global or dedicated spare e Reporting an Offline state Only physical disks that are Ready can be initialized 16 Troubleshooting Appendix A Controller Specifications This section contains information about the Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 and S300 adapter specifications e Read write and cache policy e Physical and virtual disk tasks e Virtual disk specifications Supported RAI
84. outlet so that the system and the receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary consult a representative of Dell Inc or an experienced radio television technician for additional suggestions Appendix C 91 The following information is provided on the device or devices covered in this document in compliance with FCC regulations Product Name PERC 100 PERC S300 Company Name Dell Inc Worldwide Regulatory Compliance amp Environmental Affairs One Dell Way Round Rock Texas 78682 USA 512 338 4400 Industry Canada Notice Canada Only Industry Canada Class A This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES 003 Cet appareil num rique de la classe A est conforme la norme NMB 003 du Canada Industry Canada Class B This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES 003 Cet appareil num rique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB 003 du Canada A CAUTION The Industry Canada regulations provide that changes or modifications not expressly approved by Dell Inc could void your authority to operate this equipment CE Notice European Union Marking by the symbol indicates compliance of this Dell system to the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89 336 EEC and the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC of the European Union Such marking is indicative that this Dell system meets the following technical standards e EN 55022 Information Technology Equipment Radio Distur
85. physical disk is still missing Troubleshooting Physical Disk Related Errors Table 7 13 The Physical Disk Fails Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions A physical disk is not visible Check that the cables are properly connected in the PERC eu Disk e For PERC S300 adapters only check that the physical Management utility or is disk is installed properly in the system s backplane offline e For PERC 300 adapters only check the system s backplane for damage e For PERC 300 adapters only reinstall the physical disk and make sure that it is seated correctly in the system s backplane e Perform a Rescan to a update the status of storage devices attached to the controller or b fix an error caused by deleting or initializing a virtual disk A physical disk is highlighted Replace the physical disk Depending on the red at the PERC Virtual Disk RAID level of the virtual disk data might be lost Management utility e Perform a rescan to confirm that the new disk was discovered Table 7 14 A Dedicated Hot Spare Fails Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The controller cannot e Check that the cable from the controller to the communicate with the hot physical disk is connected properly spare Make sure that the physical disk is still assigned as a global or dedicated hot spare e Check if the physical disk assigned as the hot spare has failed The dedicated spare isn
86. protocol set The SAS interface provides improved performance simplified cabling smaller connectors lower pin count and lower power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI SAS physical disks are supported only by the PERC S300 controller SATA SERIAL ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ATTACHMENT A physical storage interface standard is a serial link that provides point to point connections between devices The thinner serial cables allow for better airflow within the system and permit smaller chassis designs The PERC S100 controller and PERC 300 controller leverage a common electrical and physical connection interface that is compatible with Serial ATA technology SCSI SMALL COMPUTER SYSTEM INTERFACE A standard that allows multiple devices to be connected in a daisy chain format The fastest hard drives are SCSI based rather than IDE based SPANNING The method by which nested RAID levels such as RAID 10 are constructed from multiple sets of basic or single RAID types For example a RAID 10 is made up of multiple sets of RAID 1 arrays where each RAID 1 set is considered a span Data is then striped RAID 0 across the RAID 1 spans to create a RAID 10 virtual disk Spanning is generally used when referencing these nested RAID levels SPARE A physical disk available to replace another physical disk in case that physical disk fails SSD SOLID STATE Disk A high performance storage media that contains no moving parts It co
87. pter SAS technology No Yes SATA technology Yes Yes eSATA technology Yes No SSD technology Yes No Support for x8 PCI E Host Interface No Yes T O Controller Intel ICHIOR or Dell 3Gb s SAS Intel Ibex Peak chipsets Adapter or Intel Cougar Point chipsets Communication to the system Integrated PCI E lanes Communication to end devices SATA links SAS SATA links SAS connectors No Two 4 port connectors on all systems SATA connectors Discrete on the Two 4 port connectors motherboard on all systems Lead free Yes Yes Supported operating systems Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Family Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Family Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Dell compliant SATA compatibility Yes Yes Dell compliant SAS compatibility No Yes Dell supported direct connected Dell compliant Dell compliant end devices physical disks physical disks SMART error support through Yes Yes management applications Backplane supported systems No Yes Features 29 Table 3 2 Specifications for the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter Specification PERC 100 adapter PERC S300 adapter Software based RAID Volume RAID 1 Volume RAID 1 RAID 0 RAID 5 RAID 0 RAID 5 RAID 10 RAID 10 Maximum number of virtual disks 8 8 Support for internal tape drive Yes No Support for global hot spare Yes Yes Maximum number of hot spares Varies by the number Varies by the number of free disks in th
88. r gt and make sure that the following is true e For a PERC S100 adapter SATA Controller is set to a RAID mode e For a PERC S300 adapter SATA Controller is set to ATA Mode or AHCI NOTE Data might be lost when switching from RAID Mode to ATA Mode Troubleshooting 61 Table 7 1 System Does Not Boot Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions Boot Mode Boot Sequence and or Boot Sequence Retry are set incorrectly 1 At system startup when the Dell POST screen appears press lt F2 gt to enter the Dell Inc PowerEdge BIOS screen 2 Scroll to Boot Settings Press lt Enter gt and make sure that Boot Mode is set to BIOS 3 Scroll to Boot Sequence Press lt Enter gt and make sure that Hard drive C PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter is the first device listed The variable text displayed here might be Embedded SATA 1 Slot 1 or Integrated SAS 4Scroll to Boot Sequence Retry Make sure that the setting is Enabled 5 Press lt Esc gt to exit and continue booting NOTE If changes are made at the Dell Inc PowerEdge BIOS screen a dialog box appears and asks you to save your changes and then exit Bootable virtual disk is in a failed state 1 Press lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt lt Del gt to restart 2 After the system restarts press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt Check the status of the bootable virtual disk at the Virtual Disk field or by highlighting View Virtual Disks Details and pressing
89. rd SP1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Datacenter Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Enterprise Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Enterprise Edition x86 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Standard Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Standard Edition x86 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Web Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 Web Edition x86 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition x64 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition x86 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 64 bit Standard and Enterprise Edition Microsoft Windows Server 2008 64 bit Web Edition Overview 15 Table 2 2 Platform Requirements PERC S100 Controller or PERC S300 Controller Component Requirements e Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Web Edition x64 e Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Web Edition x86 e Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2008 e Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2008 SP2 e Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2003 R2 SP2 x86 or x64 e Microsoft Windows Small Business Server 2011 e Microsoft Windows Web Server 2008 R2 e Microsoft Windows Web Server 2008 R2 SP1 e Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 x86 or x64 e Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2 32 bit or 64 bit Standard and Enterprise Edition e Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2 32 bit Web Edition e Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 32 bit or 64 bit Standard and Enterprise Edition NOTE
90. re enables you to select INT 13 boot support and select whether the boot process pauses when an error occurs The boot process pauses when Pause if is enabled and a virtual disk becomes Degraded or has Failed Press lt Enter gt to continue booting View the error message on the window If Pause is OFF the error message is displayed briefly but the system continues to boot 1 AttheMain Menu field use the arrow key to select Controller Options Press lt Enter gt 2 AttheController Options field use the up or down arrow keys to scroll to the desired controller option See Table 6 4 3 When finished press lt Esc gt to return to the main window Table 6 4 Controller Options Controller Option Description How to Operate INT13 Boot Support Determines whether the BIOS Press lt Enter gt to installs INT 13 support toggle between ON physical disk seek read and and OFE write operations for a PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter 58 RAID Configuration and Management Table 6 4 Controller Options Controller Option Description How to Operate Pause if Degraded When ON the BIOS stops Press lt Enter gt to booting when a degraded toggle between ON virtual disk is found and OFF Pause if Failed When ON the BIOS stops Press lt Enter gt to booting when a failed virtual toggle between ON disk is found and OFF Continuing to Boot After using the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility return the
91. row keys to scroll to Boot Sequence Press lt Enter gt c Make sure that Hard drive C is the first device listed d To change the sequence of other devices e Use the lt gt key to move devices up or the lt gt key to move devices down e Use the space bar to enable or disable a device e Press lt Esc gt to exit f Press lt Esc gt again Select Save Changes and Exit and press lt Enter gt NOTE Continue with one of the following procedures Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC S100 Adapter on page 42 Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC 300 Adapter on page 44 Installing the Drivers 41 Installing the Controller Drivers During the Operating System Installation For Systems with a PERC S100 Adapter A CAUTION The latest firmware drivers and applications must be installed whenever the controller software is upgraded A previous version of the driver might not work with the latest controller software and vice versa K NOTE When using an external USB floppy disk drive make sure to connect it to the system when the system is turned off and before starting step 1 Failure to do so might result in the external USB floppy disk drive not being recognized by the system 1 Reboot the system When the POST screen appears press lt F11 gt 2 Insert the Windows operating syste
92. s Physical Disk Task Name Supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter Blink Unblink Only with a system that has a PERC 5300 adapter and a backplane Assign and unassign global hot spare Yes 78 Appendix A Virtual Disk Tasks Table A 4 indicates the virtual disk tasks that are supported not supported by the controllers Table A 4 Virtual Disk Tasks Virtual Disk Task Name Supported by PERC 100 adapter PERC S300 adapter Assign and unassign dedicated hot Yes spare Create virtual disk Yes Reconfigure Yes Delete any virtual disk Yes Start a check consistency Yes Cancel check consistency Yes Initialize virtual disk No if using the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Yes if doing a BGI in Storage Management Supported RAID Levels Table A 5 indicates the RAID levels that are supported by the PERC S100 Adapter and PERC 300 adapter Table A 5 Supported RAID Levels for the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter RAID Level Supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter Volume Yes only when using the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility RAID 0 Yes RAID 1 Yes RAID 5 Yes RAID 10 Yes AppendixA 79 Virtual Disk Specifications Table A 6 indicates the virtual disk specifications that apply to the PERC S100 Adapter and PERC 300 adapter Table A 6 Virtual Disk Specifications for the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adap
93. s Press lt Enter gt 4 Perform one of the following e Select each virtual disk in the Virtual Disks field that you want to delete Press lt Insert gt to confirm each selection OR e Press lt A gt to select all virtual disks for deletion K NOTE The text color of the selected virtual disk s changes to green 5 Press lt Enter gt TX CAUTION A dialog box appears describing the consequences of deleting the selected virtual disk s Deleting a virtual disk permanently destroys all data that is on the virtual disk as well as the virtual disk itself This action cannot be undone 6 Press the lt C gt key to confirm the deletion 54 RAID Configuration and Management Swapping Two Virtual Disks Use the Swap Two Virtual Disks option of the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility to arrange virtual disks in a different order A CAUTION Do not swap the first listed virtual disk at Virtual Disks if it is the system s bootable virtual disk The bootable virtual disk must always be the first listed virtual disk at Virtual Disks Before You Begin The Swap Two Virtual Disks option is enabled only if there is at least one initialized physical disk in the system For example if all the physical disks in the system are Non Raid the Swap Two Virtual Disks option is disabled It is recommended that the bootable virtual disk be a redundant virtual disk type such as RAID 1 RAID 5 or RAID 10 to preserve data in case a phys
94. s appear in Ready state in CTLR R Issue with the physical connection Remove the devices from eSata port and plug them into the chassis NOTE eSATA devices are blocked from virtual disk creation During CTRL R S100 S300 do not display greater than eight Virtual Disks The function is not supported Remove all physical disks except for the last one s added Then proceed with deleting the virtual disks that are not needed Remember to take account of the virtual disks that are currently being used Unable to delete The function is not Remove all physical disks except for Virtual Disks when supported the last one s added Then proceed there are more than with deleting the virtual disks that eight Virtual Disks are not needed Remember to take present in the system account of the virtual disks that are currently being used Virtual disk rebuild Rebuild is not Boot to a supported OS Rebuild status while during CTLR R supported in Ctrl R starts To view rebuild status install a supported storage application Troubleshooting 69 Table 7 7 Other Errors Appearing on the BIOS Issue Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions S100 rom option not visible during S300 controller use in the system S100 and 300 co Remove S300 adapter and reboot existence in the same system to select Fl and select RAID system is not for boot BIOS supported S100 option rom becomes POST bo
95. sible over a network When data is read from or written to main memory a copy is also saved in cache memory with the associated main memory address The cache memory software monitors the addresses of subsequent reads to see if the required data is already stored in cache memory If it is already in cache memory a cache hit it is read from cache memory Glossary 103 immediately and the main memory read is aborted or not started If the data is not cached a cache miss it is fetched from main memory and saved in cache memory CACHING The process of utilizing a high speed memory buffer referred to as a cache in order to speed up the overall read or write performance This cache can be accessed at a higher speed than a disk subsystem To improve read performance the cache usually contains the most recently accessed data as well as data from adjacent disk sectors To improve write performance the cache may temporarily store data in accordance with its Write Cache Enable policies See the definition of Write Cache Enable for more information CHANNEL A link that transports data point to point CONSISTENCY CHECK An operation to verify that all stripes in a virtual disk with a redundant RAID level are consistent and to automatically fix any errors For RAID 5 arrays a consistency check verifies correct parity data for each stripe For RAID 1 and RAID 10 arrays this operation verifies correct mirror data for each stripe
96. system to its normal booting process by selecting Continue to Boot in the Main Menu field and pressing lt Enter gt RAID Configuration and Management 59 60 RAID Configuration and Management Troubleshooting To get help with your Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC PERC S100 adapter and PERC 300 adapter contact your Dell Technical Service representative or access the Dell Support Web site at support dell com The chapter discusses four major categories of troubleshooting Normal tasks that cannot be performed during system startup e Warning messages that might appear at the Dell Inc PERC S100 Controller BIOS or Dell Inc PERC 300 Controller BIOS screen e Functions that cannot be performed with virtual disks e Functions that cannot be performed with physical disks K NOTE Unless mentioned otherwise the term PERC Virtual Disk Management utility refers to both the PERC S100 Virtual Disk Management utility and the PERC S300 Virtual Disk Management utility System Startup Problems The following table indicates potential PERC S100 adapter or PERC S300 adapter related causes for system startup problems Table 7 1 System Does Not Boot Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions Controller mode is set 1 At system startup when the Dell Power On Self incorrectly at System Setup Test POST screen appears press lt F2 gt to enter the Dell Inc PowerEdge BIOS screen 2 Scroll to SATA Settings Press lt Ente
97. t Enter gt 8 At the Select the driver to be installed window select Dell PERC E4 s100 S300 Controller Click Next to load the driver files For Microsoft Windows Server 2003 When you are asked to load additional drivers press lt Enter gt to start the Microsoft Windows installation process Perform the remaining operating system installation instructions Some of the windows require user specific password and system information As required contact your IT administrator for assistance For Microsoft Windows Server 2003 only Two warning dialog boxes appear during the Installing Windows segment of the installation At the Software Installation dialog box click Yes At the Hardware Installation dialog box click Yes NOTE When the operating system installation process is finished remove the installation media inserted in step 7 Performing the PERC S100 Controller or PERC 300 Controller Management Setup Procedure The PERC S100 adapter or PERC 300 adapter management setup procedure is described in Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management To set up a PERC S100 adapter or PERC 300 adapter on your system see the Storage Management procedures located at the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Installing the Drivers 45 46 Installing the Drivers RAID Configuration and Management The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 and PERC S100 adapter are configured by using the
98. t13 stripe element14 stripe element19 stripe element20 stripe element25 parity 21 25 parity 26 30 stripe element26 Overview stripe element3 stripe element9 stripe element15 parity 16 20 stripe element21 stripe element27 stripe element4 stripe element10 parity 11 15 stripe element16 stripe element22 stripe element28 stripe element5 parity 6 10 stripe element11 stripe element17 stripe element23 stripe element29 L E L LLO parity 1 5 stripe element6 stripe element12 stripe element18 stripe element24 stripe element30 Features General Features The features of the Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 and PERC 5300 adapter are described in Table 3 1 K NOTE BAS BGI CC and OCE run only on the operating system Table 3 1 Features of the PERC S100 controller and PERC 300 controller RAID Controller Feature Description Automatic virtual disk Rebuilds a redundant virtual disk automatically when a rebuild failure is detected if a hot spare is assigned for this capability Background Array Scan BAS Verifies and corrects correctable media errors on mirror volume or parity data for virtual disks BAS starts automatically after a Virtual Disk is created while in the OS Background virtual disk initialization BGI The background initialization of a redundant virtual disk creates the parity data that allows the virtual disk to maintain its redundant data
99. ted when using Dell OpenManage Server Administrator Storage Management Disk initialization For physical disks initialization writes metadata to the physical disk so that the controller can use the physical disk Fault tolerance The following fault tolerance features are available with the PERC S100 adapter and PERC S300 adapter in order to prevent data loss in case of a failed physical disk e Physical disk failure detection automatic e Virtual disk rebuild using hot spares automatic if the hot spare is configured for this functionality Parity generation and checking RAID 5 only Hot swap manual replacement of a physical disk without rebooting the system only for systems with a backplane that allows hot swapping If one side of a RAID 1 mirror fails data can be rebuilt by using the physical disk on the other side of the mirror If a physical disk in RAID 5 fails parity data exists on the remaining physical disks which can be used to restore the data to a new replacement physical disk configured as a hot spare If a physical disk fails in RAID 10 the virtual disk remains functional and data is read from the surviving mirrored physical disk s A single disk failure in each mirrored set can be sustained depending on how the mirrored set fails Features 23 Table 3 1 Features of the PERC 100 controller and PERC S300 controller continued RAID Controller Feature Description Mirror re
100. ter Virtual Disk Specification Value Maximum number of virtual disks per controller 8 Minimum virtual disk size 102 MB Maximum virtual disk size No maximum size there may operating system size limitations Maximum number of physical disks per virtual disk 8 Maximum number of virtual disks per physical disk 8 Maximum number of physical disks that can be N A concatenated Maximum number of physical disks in a Volume l Maximum number of physical disks in a RAID 0 8 Maximum number of physical disks in a RAID 1 2 Maximum number of physical disks in a RAID 5 8 Maximum number of physical disks in a RAID 10 8 Minimum number of physical disks that can be N A concatenated Minimum number of physical disks in a Volume l Minimum number of physical disks in a RAID 0 2 Minimum number of physical disks in a RAID 1 2 Minimum number of physical disks in a RAID 5 3 Minimum number of physical disks in a RAID 10 4 Appendix A Appendix B RAID Technology Understanding Disk Arrays and Virtual Disks A disk array consists of the physical disks that are connected to a controller A virtual disk is data storage created by a controller from one or more physical disks The virtual disk is viewed by the operating system as a single disk The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 controller and PERC S300 controller allows SAS HDD PERC 300 controller only SATA HDD and or SATA SSD P
101. ther electronic part of a system can be damaged by static electricity Be sure that you are properly grounded It is recommended that you wear a grounded antistatic strap and that the system is unplugged before you install the controller gt CAUTION Cable connectors must be mated carefully with the connectors on the PERC 300 adapter The connectors are keyed to prevent them from being inserted incorrectly gt CAUTION Ensure that the current RAID controller if any is not currently working on any pending tasks such as a rebuild before it is turned off to conduct a system upgrade gt CAUTION During a firmware update do not reboot the system that contains the PERC 300 adaper An update might take up to five minutes per controller WARNING Safety Instructions 7 SAFETY General Observe and follow service markings Do not service any product except as explained in the user documentation Opening or removing covers that are marked with a triangular symbol with a lightning bolt might expose you to electrical shock Components inside these compartments must be serviced only by a trained service technician e Use the product only with Dell approved equipment e Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label If you are not sure of the type of power source required consult your service provider or local power company SAFETY When Working Inside Your Syste
102. tility Operations continued Operation Description Deleting Virtual Disks Deletes one or more virtual disks that are configured for the controller Swapping Two Virtual Swaps virtual disks to enable them to load in any order Disks Managing Global Hot Enables you to create or delete a global hot spare s Spares Viewing Physical Disk Enables you to view detailed information about any Details connected physical disk Viewing Virtual Disk Enables you to view detailed information about any Details virtual disk Rescanning Disks Rescans the disks to detect new or removed physical disks or virtual disks Controller Options Changes the selected controller options such as booting and virtual disk warnings Continuing to Boot Enables the system to continue booting after you use the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility Accessing the PERC Virtual Disk Management Utility 1 D gt 48 Boot the system and wait until the message Press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt to Configure appears Press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt You have a maximum of three seconds to press lt Ctrl gt lt R gt or the system s boot process continues CAUTION If SATA Controller is not set to RAID Mode data might be destroyed Make sure to backup all data before changing modes NOTE If the PERC Virtual Disk Management utility does not appear and your system uses a PERC S100 press F2 to access the Dell system BIOS Atthe SATA
103. to a Virtual Disk Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions The RAID level does not allow a Hot spares cannot be created for Volume or RAID 0 dedicated hot spare to be created virtual disks The designated physical disk does not have sufficient capacity to be a dedicated hot spare The capacity of the physical disk selected to be a dedicated hot spare must be equal to or larger than the capacity of the smallest physical disk in the virtual disk For example if the physical disk selected for a dedicated hot spare is 160 GB and the physical disks in the virtual disk are 80 GB 160 GB and 500 GB a dedicated hot spare can be assigned That is because the physical disk selected for the dedicated hot spare is larger than the smallest 80 GB physical disk in the virtual disk The physical disk is already part of a virtual disk A dedicated hot spare cannot be assigned to another virtual disk The physical disks are of different types The physical disk used as a dedicated spare must be the same type as the physical disks that are already part of the virtual disk For example if a virtual disk consists of SATA II physical disks the dedicated hot spare must be a SATA II physical disk Table 7 12 Cannot Create a Global Hot Spare Likely Causes to Check Corrective Actions There are no empty physical disks available or the physical disks have not been initialized Install additional physical
104. ual Disk Management utility if the operating system has not yet been installed on the controller REBUILD The regeneration of all data to a replacement disk in a redundant virtual disk RAID levels 1 5 and 10 after a physical disk failure A disk rebuild normally occurs without interrupting normal operations on the affected virtual disk though some degradation of performance of the disk subsystem can occur REDUNDANCY The provision of multiple interchangeable components to perform a single function to cope with failures and errors Common forms of hardware redundancy are disk mirroring implementations of parity disks or distributed parity REDUNDANT VIRTUAL DISK A redundant virtual disk is one which has redundant data on physical disks that can be used to rebuild a failed physical disk A virtual disk can use disk striping across the physical disks disk mirroring or parity to provide redundancy This offers protection in case of a physical disk failure REPLACEMENT DISK A physical disk that replaces a failed physical disk in a virtual disk 108 Glossary SAN STORAGE AREA NETWORK A high performance typically enterprise level network that attaches disk storage subsystems to servers The storage devices are accessible to multiple hosts at the same time SAS SERIAL ATTACHED SCSI SAS is a serial point to point enterprise level device interface that leverages the proven Small Computer System Interface SCSI
105. venient for you Appendix D 95 96 Appendix D Index B background initialization 21 BIOS major functions 47 boot device warning message 68 boot priority list changing it 1 checking controller options 0 boot support RAID levels 22 booting the system after using the BIOS configuration utility 59 C cache policy 77 CE Mark Notice 94 CE Notice European Union 92 checkpointing 22 chipsets configuration at the Dell system BIOS 39 Command Queuing 22 consistency check 23 continuing to boot the system 59 controller driver download procedure 37 controller drivers pre installation requirements 38 controller options changing 58 controller options changing them 58 controller tasks supported by PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 78 D dedicated hot spares 87 degraded virtual disks warning message 65 Dell system BIOS configuring the chipset 39 device driver installation procedure 37 disk arrays understanding them 81 disk roaming 26 drivers installation 42 44 Index 97 E electrostatic discharge protecting against 9 errors physical disks dedicated hot spare has failed or is in error 75 Failed status is displayed 75 errors virtual disks Failed status 71 virtual disk has been deleted 73 ESD protection 9 F fault tolerance 23 FCC Notice U S only 90 features of the PERC S100 adapter PERC S300 adapter 21
106. w many physical disks of the virtual disk have failed In Table B 4 note the changes in state If a rescan of all channels is performed after disconnecting a physical disk the state of every virtual disk using the disconnected physical disk changes from the Ready state to either the Failed or Degraded state depending on the virtual disk s RAID level For additional information about rescanning to update storage configuration changes see the OpenManage documentation available on the Dell Support website at support dell com manuals Table B 4 Failure Status by Virtual Disk RAID Level Virtual Disk RAID Level Failure Status Description RAID 1 RAID 5 Degraded A single physical disk fails RAID 10 Degraded A single physical disk fails in one or more of the mirrored sets Volume RAID 0 Failed A single physical disk fails RAID 1 or RAID 5 Failed Two or more physical disks fail RAID 10 Failed ae physical disks in a mirrored set ail Appendix B 85 Creating Virtual Disks Future Expansion When creating virtual disks consider whether or not the virtual disk capacity needs to be expanded in the future For a Microsoft Windows operating system format the virtual disks with New Technology File System NTFS Microsoft Corporation provides a utility diskpart exe that can dynamically extend an NTFS file system onto any unused adjacent space Note also that using a single partition per virtual disk makes exp
107. ween physical disk starts to prevent the power supply from overloading 1 Install the physical disks into the system 2 Connect a multiple connector cable from the physical disks or from the backplane to the controller K NOTE If the system contains a PERC 300 controller and has a backplane with hot swap capability the cables cannot be inserted directly into the physical disks The physical disks within their carriers are inserted and seated in the backplane A cable from the backplane is then connected to the PERC S300 controller Complete the Hardware Installation After the controller and cables are installed perform the following steps 1 Make sure that the wire bundles and cables inside the system are not twisted Make sure they do not interfere with fans power supplies heat sinks or electrical devices 2 Replace the cover of the system See your system s Hardware Owner s Manual or User s Guide for more information on closing the system 3 Reconnect the power cable s and network cables and then turn on the system Hardware Installation 35 36 Hardware Installation Installing the Drivers The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller PERC S100 or PERC S100 adapter require controller drivers to operate with the supported operating systems This chapter contains the procedures for installing the controller drivers for the following operating systems e Microsoft Windows Server 2008 e Microsoft Windows Server

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