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Chaparral G5312/G7313 Network Card User Manual

1. A fully charged battery can provide a minimum of 72 hours backup time using all ranges of DIMM sizes Replace batteries only with the same type as provided by the manufacturer Dispose of batteries according to manufacturer s instructions If you must store the battery for a long time you should take certain precautions to ensure the battery has sufficient charge when it is returned to service The recommended storage temperature is between 5 C to 25 C Avoid temperature extremes exceeding 20 C or 40 C for any extended period of time Exposure to extreme temperatures causes the battery to discharge at a faster rate and can take longer to take a full charge when it is returned to service A new battery or fully discharged battery can take from four to eight hours or more to fully charge 1 9 G and K Series User s Guide Physical K Series Table 1 5 shows the physical specifications of the motherboard and daughterboard Item Table 1 5 Physical Specifications Specifications Motherboard Daughterboard Form factor 4 95 x 7 34 inch motherboard PCB 1 25 inch max Z axis height AMP Z Pack backplane mating receptacle 235 pin connector with combined LVD FC RS 232 serial port PC general purpose I O GPIO and power Form factor 4 0 x 2 19 inch max PCB board 0 54 inch typical Z axis height above top surface of motherboard PCB 100 pin surface mount connectors with 0 8 mm pin pitch 7 mm connector stack hei
2. You can blink the LED on a specific drive The drive continues blinking its LED until you do one of the following E Press Esc before the Disk Array Administrator times out E Repeat the blink LED command which toggles the blink LED command off To blink a drive 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays Select Drive Utilities Menu and press Enter The Drive Utilities Menu screen displays 8 9 G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select Blink Drive LED and press Enter The Select Drive screen displays 4 Select the drive you want and press Enter 5 Press Esc to stop blinking the LED Taking Down a Drive Caution This function is only for testing arrays and should not be used in normal operation The Down Drive function sets the status of a drive in a fault tolerant array to down This forces the controller to remove it from the array and marks the array as critical At this point you will be unable to down any additional drives in the array To make the drive display again you must use Rescan See Rescanning All Channels on page 7 23 After you rescan you must clear the metadata from the drive before you can use it in an array or as a spare See Clearing Metadata from a Drive on page 8 4 To take down a drive 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Drive Utilities Menu and press Enter
3. g G 5 G and K Series User s Guide G 6 A Abort Initialization 4 14 Abort Verify 4 17 accessing the Disk Array Administrator software 3 1 Add an Array 4 2 Add Host to List 7 16 Add or Name Host screen 7 14 Add Pool Spare 6 6 Add Spare 6 2 adding arrays 4 1 dedicated spares 6 2 pool spares 6 5 alarm temperature thresholds for 7 18 turning on or off for the controller 7 18 voltage thresholds for 7 18 Alarm Mute screen 7 19 aliases giving to WWNs 7 14 Array Statistics 4 11 4 12 Array Status 4 10 array types defined A 1 maximum number of drives 4 1 minimum number of drives 4 1 arrays adding 4 1 bringing back online 4 22 changing LUNs of 4 21 changing names of 4 22 controlling access to 7 15 creating 4 1 deleting 4 24 Index expanding capacity of 4 18 LUNs for 7 5 mixing disks A 6 reconstructing 4 17 6 1 resetting aggregate statistics 5 14 resetting statistics 4 12 status of expanding 4 20 status of verifying 4 16 stopping the initialization process 4 14 stopping verify process 4 17 trusting 4 22 verifying 4 15 viewing aggregate statistics for all 5 11 viewing read write histogram 5 11 viewing statistics 4 10 viewing status of 4 8 viewing status of drives in 4 13 B Backoff percentage 9 2 battery backup time 1 9 disabling 7 21 enabling 7 21 features 1 3 1 5 specifications 1 9 1 12 Battery screen 7 22 Blink Drive LED 8 10 blinking LED of disk drive 8 9 Bus Paused screen 7 2
4. amp Note If you are having a problem with the controller or an array check the You can view the event information three ways E Most recent event E One event at a time most recent event first E Full page of events at a time You can also capture the event log to a file See Capturing the Event Log File on page 5 4 Viewing the Most Recent Event The most recent voltage or temperature event displays in rotation with the date and time whenever the Disk Array Administrator times out and returns to its initial screen Viewing One Event at a Time You can view controller related events one at a time The events display in reverse chronological order that is the most recent event is first 5 2 Monitoring System Status To display one event at a time 1 From the System Menu select Event Log Menu and press Enter The Event Log Menu screen displays isk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu vent Log Menu fAidd an Array View Event g Delete an Arr Pool Spare Men Display Drives l enu Selection Help View Event Log Use this option to scroll through events one event at a time Note You can see a full screen of events at any time by typing CTRL E once or twice to display the Event Log Screen 2 Select View Event Log and press Enter The Event Log screen displays the last event that occurred Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Sequential event Event date number Event time 054 101300 19 32 CO
5. lt 0 C and 50 C 7 18 Configuring the Controller Table 7 1 Alarm thresholds Alarm threshold What to do when the alarm sounds VCC voltage E Check the Disk Array Administrator software to Warning SV 3 5 and 6 5 confirm what the alarm means See Chapter 3 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator a 9 y Shutdown 5V 6 5 and 10 Software W If it is a warning alarm let the controller continue to operate E fit is a shutdown alarm turn off the power to the controller and send it for service 12V voltage E Same as above for the VCC voltage Warning 12V 8 and 8 Shutdown 12V 10 and 10 To enable or disable the alarm 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Alarm Mute and press Enter The Alarm Mute screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it Set Date Time larm Mute jkoff Percent Host Configur JNMUTE ity Priority Channel Confi MUTE m Mute SEP Configura Sample Rate Disk Configura ore Defaults Option Configuration Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Mutes or unmutes the controller s on board alarm The setting selected remains in effect until it is changed again by using this menu selection 3 Select the option you want and press Enter 7 19 G and K Series User s Guide Locking the Cache Setting You can prevent host systems from using SCSI mode se
6. E Event log see below E Hardware information see Displaying Hardware and Configuration Information on page 5 5 E Array status screen see Viewing Array Status on page 4 8 E Disk status screen see Viewing Drive Status on page 4 13 E Power On Self Test POST see Problems During Bootup on page 9 4 WE Overall Statistics screen see Displaying Overall Statistics on page 5 11 Displaying the Event Log The controller s event log contains important information about the status of the controller disks and arrays You should check it regularly to monitor the status of your system For more information about specific SCSI disk and channel errors see Understanding SCSI Errors on page 9 9 Below is a list of some of the key warning and failure events included in the log during operation E Disk detected error WE Disk channel error Battery failure E Drive down E Power up G and K Series User s Guide E Array critical E Array offline E Temperature warning E Temperature failure this leads to a shutdown which is also logged E Voltage warning WE Voltage failure this leads to a shutdown which is also logged The event log stores the most recent 400 events Events are numbered sequentially from 001 to 999 The numbering wraps back to 001 after reaching 999 event log before calling technical support Event messages may let you resolve the problem without calling You should also check Chapter 9 Troubleshooting
7. If you must store the battery for a long time you should take certain precautions to ensure the battery has sufficient charge when you return it to service The recommended storage temperature is between 5 C to 25 C Avoid temperature extremes exceeding 20 C or 40 C for any extended period of time Exposure to extreme temperatures causes the battery to discharge at a faster rate and can take longer to take a full charge when it is returned to service A new battery or fully discharged battery can take from four to eight hours or more to fully charge 1 12 Introduction Reference Documents External Documents E Adaptec s AIC 7890 91 and AIC 7896 PCI Bus Master Single chip LVDS Ultra II ASIC Data Book E Adaptec s AIC 1160 PCI Bus Master Single chip Fibre Channel Data Book E SCSI 2 and SCSI 3 Specification ANSI standard documents E Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface FC PH ANSI standard document Chaparral Documents E Chaparral CAPI Functional Specification E Chaparral K5312 K7313 Board Only Design In Handbook E G5312 G7313 External Raid Controller Design In Handbook E Multi LUN SAF TE Environmental Processor Design g G and K Series User s Guide 1 14 Hardware Installation This chapter explains how to connect the controller in your RAID enclosure to your network and host computer Connecting the Controller Your controller is already installed in an enclosure Before you configure the control
8. OOOO Fri Oct 13 19 39 16 2000 2 Press u to page up or d to page down in the log 3 Keep pressing CTRL E to page through the other information screens and return to the menu Capturing the Event Log File You can also capture the entire event log which saves it to a file on your hard drive This is useful if you want to print the log or attach it to an e mail message The steps below use HyperTerminal as the terminal emulator software If you use a different terminal emulator your procedure may be different To capture the event log file 1 With HyperTerminal up and running as your RS 232 interface terminal press CTRL E until the event log displays 5 4 aon kb Ww 7 Monitoring System Status From the Transfer menu in HyperTerminal select Capture Text The Capture Text window displays Enter the path and file name you want to use to store the log file contents Click Start Press P on the keyboard to begin the transfer From the Transfer menu in HyperTerminal select Capture Text The Capture Text window displays Click Stop Displaying Hardware and Configuration Information You can display the controller s hardware and configuration information This is where you can see what version of the firmware you have Chaparral technical support personnel may request this information You can display the hardware and configuration information two ways E Hardware information only E Hardware and configurat
9. Selecting Soft lets the controller choose the first available unused LUN Controller LUN changes take effect on a reboot WARNINGS Unix Macintosh systems may need storage LUNs to be lower than the controller LUN Storage LUNs higher than the controller LUN may not be seen 5 Select the option or number you want to use To Do this Not assign the controller a LUN E Select NONE and press Enter Let the controller determine the E Select SOFT and press Enter channel LUN each time it powers up This is the default setting Keep the same LUN for the E Select the LUN you want to use controller at all times and press Enter This can be any number from 0 to 7 The system confirms that you want to make the change 6 Select Yes and press Enter to make the changes 7 8 Configuring the Controller Configuring the SCSI Channels You can change two channel configuration options for each channel E Channel speed You can change the channel speed for each SCSI channel on the controller You can select Ultra or Ultra2 This is helpful if you are troubleshooting a problem on the channel or if you have legacy ultrawide disk drives Note Ultra Ultra2 SCSI is enabled by default This means that for a single ended bus transfer rates are 40 MB sec maximum for an LVD bus 80 MB sec maximum This Ultra SCSI setting only affects the device channel Host SCSI channel rates are controlled by setting the host adapter E
10. currently on the include or exclude list for the selected array This option only displays servers if you have already used Add Host to List and added one or more WWNs to an include or exclude list Add Host to List Displays the Enter Host WWN screen where you enter the WWN or name alias or select the server you want to add to the current list for the selected array Enter the WWN or name alias or select the server from the list and press Enter Remove Host from List Displays the Remove Host from List screen which contains a list of the servers hosts currently on the include or exclude list for the selected array Select the WWN of the server you want to remove from the list and press Enter Change Zone Type Displays the Change Zone type screen where you can change the type of zoning to one of four options described below Changing the zone type does not add or remove any hosts in previously created lists 7 16 Configuring the Controller Include All Hosts Permits all servers hosts on the network to access the selected array This is the default zone type This results in all servers hosts being able to access all arrays If you have already created an include or exclude list you can use this option to override the list Your existing list is retained and you can display add or remove servers from the list Include Listed Hosts Lets you enter or select the WWNs of the specific servers hosts you want to
11. disabling write back cache 8 5 displaying 8 2 displaying status 8 3 enabling SMART changes 8 8 enabling write back cache 8 5 maximum by array type 4 1 minimum by array type 4 1 taking down 8 10 testing 8 11 using disks from different manufacturers A 6 using disks with different capacities A 6 viewing cache status cache 8 7 viewing status of 4 13 Dynamic Spare Configuration 6 4 dynamic spares enabling 6 3 E electrical specifications 1 7 1 10 Enable Trust Array 4 23 G and K Series User s Guide Enable Trust Array screen 4 23 enclosures changing LUNs 8 12 changing the enclosure status setting 8 14 changing the polling interval 8 14 changing the slot status setting 8 14 changing the temperature status setting 8 14 Enter Array Name screen 4 2 Enter New Name 4 22 environmental specifications 1 8 1 11 error events 9 8 error messages 9 7 9 8 event log capturing 5 4 displaying 5 1 Event Log Menu 5 3 Event Log Menu screen 5 3 Event Log screen 5 3 events capturing log file 5 4 displaying 5 1 error 9 8 viewing most recent 5 2 viewing one at a time 5 2 viewing whole screen of 5 4 warning 9 7 Exclude All Hosts 7 17 Exclude Listed Hosts 7 17 Expand Function 4 19 4 21 Expand Status screen 4 21 expanding array capacity 4 18 status of 4 20 F FC Loop ID changing for controller 7 6 1 4 FC port connecting to 2 1 Fibre Channel changing Loop ID for controller 7 6 features 1 6 firmware upgrading 7 26 Flash U
12. information packaging it and sending the information across the fabric Although FC is a generalized transport mechanism that has no protocol of its own or native I O command set it can transport any existing upper level protocol such as SCSI and IP FC offers high speed data transfer rates up to 1 Gbps FC is most commonly used to connect clustered servers to storage systems ANSI has developed standards for FC FC adapter An FC adapter is a printed circuit assembly that translates data between the FC host processor s internal bus and FC link G and K Series User s Guide FC Arbitrated Loop FC AL FC AL is one of three FC topologies in which ports use arbitration to establish a point to point circuit Arbitrated loops allow multiple ports to be connected serially in a single loop Up to 126 NL_Ports and 1 FL_Port can be configured in a unidirectional loop Ports arbitrate for access to the loop based on their AL_PA Ports with lower AL_PAs have higher priority than ports with higher AL PAs FC device A device that uses FC communications is referred to as an FC device FC port An FC port is the opening at the back of a router that provides a fiber optic connection between the FC adapter and FC host FC protocol for SCSI FCP FCP defines an FC mapping layer FC 4 that uses FC PH services to transmit SCSI command data and status information between a SCSI initiator and SCSI target FCP enables transmission and receipt of SC
13. s Option Configuration l Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Change how the controller interacts with all SEPs lt SAF TE Environmental Processors in the enclosure 8 12 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures 3 Select SEP LUNs and press Enter The SEP LUNs screen displays ystem Menu onfiguration Menu Set Date Time SEP Configuration EE LUNs Host Configur Channel Confi T T SEP Configura Disk Configura Option Configuration s l Manage Host Names Select the number of a SEP lt SAF TE you want to change The SEP LUN screen displays Chaparral Set Date Time Host Configur Menu Selection Help Environmental Processor whose LUN you Select the LUN of the SEP you want and press Enter sk Array Administrator Channel SEP Conf EP aa i EP Settings SEP I SEP LUN SOFT Disk Con Option Co gt Host Nane Menu Soft Set SEP LUN Options are Soft allows the controller to the first available incrementally None prevents the SEP from hav desirable with large numbers of election Help None or an unused LUN value select a LUN that is not used but is ing a LUN assigned to it which may be array LUNs 5 Select the option or number you want to use To Do this Not assign the SEP a LUN E Select NONE and press Enter Let the controller d
14. 4 5 O Overall Statistics 5 12 5 13 5 14 Overall Statistics screen 5 12 5 13 5 14 P parity disk A 2 pausing I O 7 24 physical specifications 1 7 1 10 Poll Rate screen 8 15 polling interval changing for enclosures 8 14 Pool Spare Menu 6 5 6 7 pool spares adding 6 5 defined 6 1 deleting 6 6 displaying 6 7 priority changing for controller utility 7 22 problems with device SCSI channel 9 4 host SCSI BIOS scan 9 3 terminal screen 9 1 9 2 the controller 9 5 problems with host SCSI BIOS scan 9 4 R RAID levels 1 5 G and K Series User s Guide compared A 4 described A 1 RAID reference information A 4 RAID type screen 4 4 rebooting the controller 7 1 reconstructing arrays 4 17 6 1 Remove Host from List 7 16 Rescan 7 24 rescanning channels 7 23 Reset Statistics 4 12 resetting aggregate statistics for all arrays 5 14 array statistics 4 12 restarting the controller 7 1 Restore Defaults screen 7 26 restoring default settings 7 25 resuming I O 7 25 RS 232 port connecting to 2 2 settings for 2 2 3 1 S sample rate changing 7 17 screen changing display 3 4 screens initial Disk Array Administrator 3 2 navigating in 3 3 System Menu 3 3 SCSI channels changing SCSI ID of 7 9 changing speed of 7 9 configuring 7 9 SCSI ID changing for SCSI channels 7 9 SEP Configuration screen 8 12 8 14 SEP LUNs screen 8 13 1 6 SEPs changing LUNs for 8 12 changing the enclosure status setting 8 14 changin
15. Menu Blink Drive LED Clear Meta Data Down Drive Test Unit Ready Display Drive Cache Event Log Menu View Event Log Overall Statistics View Statistics View R W Histogram Reset All Statistics Figure 3 2 Menu tree continued Creating and Managing Arrays Using the Disk Array Administrator you can create and manage arrays You can perform the following array related functions E Create arrays see page 4 1 W View array and drive status see page 4 8 E Stop the initialization process see page 4 14 E Verify an array see page 4 15 E Reconstruct an array see page 4 17 E Expand array capacity see page 4 18 E Change the array Logical Unit Number LUN see page 4 21 E Change the array name see page 4 22 E Trust an array see page 4 22 E Delete an array see page 4 24 Creating Arrays You can create an array anytime The following table describes the drive requirements for each RAID level Table 4 1 Drive requirements by array type Minimum Maximum No of No of RAID Level Drives Drives Volume Set 1 1 0 2 16 3 3 16 4 3 16 G and K Series User s Guide Table 4 1 Drive requirements by array type Continued Minimum Maximum No of No of RAID Level Drives Drives 5 3 16 50 6 16 Mirrored 2 16 Note Before you create more than one array you must be sure that your host operating system supports multiple Logical Unit Numbers LUNs Most operating systems do or have an op
16. a failure Refer to the enclosure s condition documentation BATTERY A failure in the battery pack Replace the controller s battery FAILED and or charging interface has been detected 9 8 Troubleshooting Table 9 2 Error events Continued Event Definition Recommended Action DISK CHAN An error has occurred in Check the cables on the channel FAILED communicating on the disk Check the termination on the disk channel channel SDRAM A noncorrectable multiple bit Reseat the memory If the problem UNCORR ECC SDRAM ECC error continues replace the memory Using the Loader Diagnostics Menu If you have any diagnostic errors contact Chaparral technical support Using the Loader Utility Menu If you have any diagnostic errors contact Chaparral technical support Understanding SCSI Errors The event log includes SCSI errors reported by SEPs and disk drives on your system If you see these errors in the event log the information below may assist you For more information about viewing the event log see Displaying the Event Log on page 5 1 Disk Errors If a disk detects an error it reports the error which is recorded in the event log The figure below shows an example of a disk detected error DISK DETECTD ERR 2 65 3 11 6b Disk Channel SCSI ID Sense Key Sense Code Sense Code Qualifier 9 9 G and K Series User s Guide Using the information in Table 9 3 and Table 9 4 be
17. are not able to shut down the controller continue with step 2 Turn OFF the power to the enclosure containing the controller Press the spacebar of your terminal emulator Turn ON the power while continuing to press the spacebar This will allow the controller to autodetect the baud rate setting When the Flash Utility appears select option 5 to continue to boot the controller Note Some terminal emulators don t immediately change to the new baud rate settings and you have to exit and restart the emulator to use the new settings G and K Series User s Guide Problem Nothing is displayed on the terminal emulator screen The probable cause of this problem is a bad RS 232 cable connection or swapped transmit receive lines If the cable is properly connected on both ends try a null modem adapter that will reverse the RS 232 transmit and receive signals The need for a null modem adapter depends on both your enclosure and the RS 232 cable you are using Problem Screen is updated but won t respond to keystrokes Disable hardware flow control on the terminal or terminal emulator The controller supports XON XOFF flow control and works properly in most cases with no flow control Problem Screen looks correct but clock is not being updated Check to be sure that enclosure containing the controller is still powered on If you are using XON XOFF press the Ctrl key and the Q key simultaneously Problem Screen is up
18. be able to access the selected array Exclude All Hosts Permits no servers hosts on the network to access the selected array If you have already created an include or exclude list you can use this option to override the list Your existing list is retained and you can display add or remove servers from the list Exclude Listed Hosts Lets you enter or select the WWNs or names aliases of the specific servers hosts you do not want to be able to access the selected array Whether you use an include or exclude list depends on your needs You may want to determine which list would be shorter and create the shorter list If you have changed the LUN zoning the system confirms that you want to make the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter to make the changes The system confirms that the changes are made 6 Press Esc to return to the LUN Zoning screen Changing the Sample Rate You can set how often the controller samples data when updating status screens disk and array The default is one second To change the sample rate 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select New Sample Rate and press Enter The New Sample Rate screen displays 3 Enter the sample rate and press Enter 7 17 G and K Series User s Guide Changing the Alarm Mute Setting You can enable or disable the audible alarm that sounds when the controller becomes too hot detects
19. block size Board Temp 99 F 37 C Fri Oct 13 19 17 51 2000 4 Select View Statistics and press Enter The statistics screen displays showing the statistics of the array you selected i Chaparral Disk frray Ad trator rray2 Read Array Menu Write ion Menu ll Add SecRd Secht Spare Queue Depth te Spare 10 size ge ge Array Name t Array Expand Function l LUN Zoning enu Selection Help View array statistics The controller updates Pehese at the user selected sample rate Below is a brief explanation of the statistics Read Number host read requests Secht Number of sectors written Write Number host write requests ET Depth Number host queued cmds SecRd Number of sectors read 0 Size Last host 1 0 block size Board Temp 99 F lt 37 C Fri Oct 13 19 18 29 2000 5 Press Esc to return to the statistics menu 4 11 G and K Series User s Guide Resetting Array Statistics You can reset the follow array statistics to zero E Read E Write E SecRd E SecWt E I O Size Note Resetting statistics here also resets the statistics for this array that are included in the aggregate statistics See Displaying Overall Statistics on page 5 11 You may want to reset the statistics if you are monitoring performance or doing benchmark testing You may also want to reset statistics when you change how you are using the array Note You cannot reset the queue depth value It always reflect
20. capacity Drive manufacturer Drive model number Drive firmware revision Drive state Chaparral Disk Array Administrator dd an rra Select Drive lt s gt Ch2 Id 2063MB IBM DORS 32160W R WAGA Available Ch 2 Id 12 2663MB IBM DORS 32166 R WAGA Available SS gt enu Selection Help Select array drives Board Temp 99 F lt 37 C Fri Oct 13 19 15 01 2000 Select the drives you want to use for the array and press Enter You select a drive by highlighting it and pressing Enter Each selected drive turns gray in the drive list After you press Enter for the number of drives you entered previously the system automatically goes to the next screen To skip a drive use the or 4 keys If the array is mirrored RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 or RAID 50 and you have one or more drives left the Number of Spares screen displays G and K Series User s Guide 7 Ifthe Number of Spares screen displays enter the number of spares you want to add and press Enter This creates dedicated spares that can only be used by this array A dedicated spare drive will not be available for any other use For more information about spares see Chapter 6 Managing Spares If you do not want a spare enter 0 The Select Drives screen displays 8 If the Select Drives screens displays select the drive you want to use as a dedicated spare and press Enter Only available drives that is drives that are not members of an array and are
21. consist of any mix of initiators and targets with the requirement that at least one initiator and one target must be present SCSI device A SCSI device is a single unit on a SCSI bus that originates or services SCSI commands A SCSI device is identified by a unique SCSI address SCSI devices can act as initiators or targets SCSI port A SCSI port is an opening at the back of a router that provides connection between the SCSI adapter and SCSI bus Small computer system interface SCSI SCSI is an industry standard for connecting peripheral devices and their controllers to an initiator Storage devices are daisy chained together and connected to a host adapter The host adapter provides a shared bus that attached peripherals use to pass data to and from the host system Examples of devices attached to the adapter include disk drives CD ROM discs optical disks and tape drives In theory any SCSI device can be plugged into any SCSI controller Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP SNMP is the Internet standard protocol defined in STD 15 RFC 1157 developed to manage nodes on a Internet Protocol IP network Speed Speed is a status type in the FC Status Menu that shows the speed 1 063 Mbps of the FC adapter Storage area network SAN SAN refers to the network behind servers that links one or more servers to one or more storage systems Each storage system could be RAID tape backup tape library CD ROM library or JBO
22. each warning event and recommends the action you should take Table 9 1 Warning events Event Definition Recommended Action BATT FAIL INFO A warning condition in the Replace the battery Refer to the battery pack and or charging enclosure s documentation interface has been detected REPLACE The battery is approaching its Replace the battery BATTERY 3 year life span ARRAY One or more drives were Add a spare to the array or to the CRITICAL downed and the array is online spare pool Then replace the bad but no longer fault tolerant drives See Adding a Dedicated Spare on page 6 2 or Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool on page 6 5 DRIVE DOWN An error occurred with the Add a spare to the array or to the drive and it was downed spare pool Then replace the bad removing it from the active drive See Adding a Dedicated array Spare on page 6 2 or Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool on page 6 5 SPARE The drive still contains Clear the metadata from the spare UNUSABLE metadata that must be cleared drive See Clearing Metadata from a Drive on page 8 4 SMART EVENT A disk drive IEPC Run diagnostics available from informational exceptions page control predictive failure message was received No actions by the controller are taken on the drive for these events your operating system on the affected drive Replace the drive if necessary G and K Series User s Guide Table 9 1 Warning events Continued Even
23. not assigned as a dedicated or pool spares display You can delete a dedicated spare from the array at any time For more information see Deleting a Dedicated Spare on page 6 3 You select a drive by highlighting it and pressing Enter Each selected drive turns gray in the drive list After you press Enter for the number of drives you entered previously the system automatically goes to the next screen To skip a drive use the or 4 keys If the array you are creating is a RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 or RAID 50 the Chunk Size screen displays ystem Menu Array Menu dd an edb Menu s Menu g Menu 7Restart Add an Array Chunk size Delete an Array 64 Pool Spare Menu 32KB Display Drives 16KB Menu Selection Help Select the chunk size for this array The chunk size is the amount of contiguous data that is written to an array member drive before moving to the next member drive in the array For typical applications larger chunk sizes achieve better bandwidth Use of the largest chunk size is recommended Board Temp 162 F lt 39 C Wed Sep 27 14 39 27 2008 9 If the Chunk Size screen displays select the chunk size and press Enter The chunk size is the amount of contiguous data that is written to an array member before moving to the next member of the array To determine the 10 Creating and Managing Arrays appropriate chunk size refer to your operating system documentation For example
24. on the array as metadata and is retained 7 25 G and K Series User s Guide To restore the default settings 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Restore Defaults and press Enter The Restore Defaults screen displays The selected option is marked with an next to it The system confirms that you want to make the change 3 Select Yes and press Enter to make the change The system confirms that the changes are made 4 Press Enter to return to the Configuration Menu Upgrading Firmware You can upgrade the firmware for the controller Information regarding the latest release of firmware and firmware updates is available from the Chaparral Web site www chaparralnet com and click on Support Contact Chaparral technical support for firmware updates at 303 845 3200 or e mail to Support chaparralnet com Upgrading the Controller s Firmware You use the Flash Utility to download new firmware fla file for your controller to auto detect your VT 100 ANSI terminal baud rate and to run onboard diagnostics The Flash Utility is resident in the embedded firmware of the controller You access the Flash Utility using a computer with VT 100 ANSI terminal emulator software such as HyperTerminal connected to the controller through the serial RS 232 interface The controller auto detects the baud rate when you hold down the space bar on the comput
25. primary navigation and selection methods Table 3 1 Disk Array Administrator navigation To Do this Select a menu item Press the T and J and press Enter or Press the letter that is a different color or highlighted in a menu item hot key Return to the previous menu or Press Esc CTRL Z or screen without saving your changes Scroll through the available choices Press the T and J for a setting 3 3 G and K Series User s Guide Note After four minutes of inactivity the Disk Array Administrator software times out and returns to the initial screen Changing the Screen Display After you have accessed the Disk Array Administrator software you can change the screen display using a combination of keystrokes as shown on the System Menu Table 3 2 lists the keystrokes required to change various screen displays Table 3 2 Changing screen displays Select Function Ctrl A Toggles between ANSI and VT100 character sets use VT100 for legacy systems Ctrl B Toggles between black and white and color screen Ctrl E Toggles between the event log hardware information and configuration information screens Ctrl H Displays Help screen Ctrl R Refreshes screen Ctrl Z Escapes or quits menu Esc or lt Disk Array Administrator Menu Tree Figure 3 1 on page 3 5 and Figure 3 2 on page 3 6 describe the complete Disk Array Administrator menu hierarchy In the Disk Array Administrator m
26. 5 G and K Series User s Guide C cache disabling for disk drives 8 5 enabling for disk drives 8 5 locking setting on controller 7 20 Cache Lock screen 7 21 capacity expanding for arrays 4 18 capturing the event log file 5 4 Change Array Name 4 22 Change LUN 4 21 Change Zone Type 7 16 Channel Configuration screen 7 9 channels changing SCSI ID 7 9 changing SCSI speed 7 9 configuring for SCSI 7 9 rescanning 7 23 Chaparral technical support 9 1 Chunk Size screen 4 6 Clear Metadata 8 5 communications parameters 3 2 configuration information defined 5 5 displaying 5 5 Configuration Information screen 5 10 configuration software accessing 3 1 configuring SCSI channels 7 9 the controller 7 1 connecting to the FC port 2 1 to the RS 232 port 2 2 Controller LUN for 7 5 controller changing FC Loop ID for 7 6 changing LUN 7 6 l 2 changing target ID 7 6 changing the sample rate 7 17 changing utility priority 7 22 configuring 7 1 connecting to the FC port 2 1 connecting to the RS 232 port 2 2 disabling the battery 7 21 displaying configuration information 5 5 displaying events 5 1 displaying hardware information 5 5 enabling the battery 7 21 locking the cache setting 7 20 monitoring status of 5 1 rebooting 7 1 rescanning channels 7 23 restoring defaults 7 25 setting the date and time 7 2 turning the alarm or off 7 18 understanding LUNSs for 7 4 upgrading firmware 7 26 controller problems 9 5 conventions 1 2 crea
27. 7 WWNs giving names to 7 14 viewing known 7 12 1 8 Chaparral Network Storage Inc 7420 E Dry Creek Parkway Longmont CO 80503 2000 Chaparral Network Storage Inc All rights reserved Chaparral and Chaparral logo are trademarks of Chaparral Network Storage Inc Printed in the U S 11 00 Document Number 07 0033 003
28. D SANs operate with both SCSI and networking IP protocols Servers and workstations use the FC network for shared access to the same storage device or system Legacy SCSI systems are interfaced using an FC to SCSI bridge Target A target is a device peripheral that responds to an operation requested by an initiator host system Although peripherals are generally targets a peripheral may be required to act temporarily as an initiator for some commands for example SCSI COPY command Terminator block termination A terminator block or termination refers to the electrical connection at each end of a SCSI bus The terminator block is composed of a set of resisters or possibly other components The function of a terminator block is to provide a pull up for open collector drivers on the bus and also impedance matching to prevent signal reflections at the ends of the cable SCSI buses require that Glossary a terminator be placed on the 68 pin high density SCSI connector on the last SCSI peripheral Data errors may occur in a SCSI bus that is not terminated Topology A network topology refers to the physical layout of nodes on a network Topologies range from local network topologies to WAN topologies FC topologies include point to point FC AL and fabric Trap In the context of SNMP a trap is an unsolicited message sent by an agent to a management station The purpose is to notify the management station of some unusual event
29. Enter The Battery screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Time Option Configuration Host Configur Batter Channel Confij Enable SEP Configura Disabled Array Disk Conf igur e Config Option Config Menu Selection Help Default battery enabled If disabled the controller will not warn when it finds no installed battery nor will write back WB cache be disabled This option is for those who want to run with WB cache enabled but without a battery installed lt NOT RECOMMENDED AS YOUR DATA IS UNPROTECTED Note The controller reverts to write thru cache if the battery dies when enabled 4 Select the option you want and press Enter Changing the Utility Priority You can change the priority at which all utilities Verify Reconstruct Expand Initialize etc run when there are active I O operations competing for the controller s CPU The choices are E High default E Medium E Low For example select High if your highest priority is to get the array back to a fully fault tolerant state This causes heavy I O with the host to be slower than normal Select Low priority if streaming data without interruption such as for a Web server is more important than data redundancy This allows the reconstruct or other utility to run at a slower rate with minimal effects on host I O 7 22 Configuring the Controller To change Utility p
30. G and K Series External RAID Board Controller G5312 G7313 K5312 K73 13 User s Guide Copyright 1999 2000 Chaparral Network Storage Inc Document Number 07 0033 003 This document covers G5312 G7313 K5312 and K7313 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced without the prior written consent of Chaparral Network Storage Inc 7420 E Dry Creek Parkway Longmont Colorado 80503 http www chaparralnet com Trademarks Chaparral Network Storage Inc and the Chaparral logo are trademarks of Chaparral Network Storage Inc AHA and AIC are trademarks of Adaptec Inc Windows is a registered trademark and Windows NT is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U S and other countries used under license All other trademarks are owned by their respective owners Changes The material in this document is subject to change without notice While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this document Chaparral Network Storage Inc assumes no liability resulting from errors or omissions in this publication or from the use of the information contained herein If you would like to provide comments or suggestions on the quality and or accuracy of this manual please contact Chaparral at http www chaparralnet com manuals Chaparral reserves the right to make changes in the product design without reservation and without notification to its users Comments and suggestions can be s
31. I ID of Ultra U2 Hardware runs controller on as Ultra2 Channel 1 as set in the Disk Array Administrator software CHAN 2 Initiator ID SCSI ID of Ultra U2 Hardware runs controller on as Ultra2 Channel 2 as set in the Disk Array Administrator software CONTROLLER _ Backoff Percentage set in Utility Pri HIGH MED or Disk Array LOW utility Administrator priority as set in software 1 is Disk Array default and Administrator recommended software value Alarm Mute ON or OFF as set Battery ENABLED or in Disk Array DISABLED as Administrator set in Disk Array software Administrator software Cache Lock ON or OFF as set Dyn Spare ON or OFF as in Disk Array set in Disk Array Administrator Administrator software software CAPI Version Version of the Configuration Application Programming Interface 5 7 G and K Series User s Guide Table 5 1 Configuration information Continued Group Field What displays Field What displays SEP Poll Rate Number ofseconds Temperature ON or OFF as as set in the Disk set in Disk Array Array Administrator Administrator software software Slot flags ON or OFF as set Global Flags ON or OFF as in Disk Array set in Disk Array Administrator Administrator software software If you have installed the new optional Fibre Channel interface upgrade you can also use the Point to Point topology To display hardware information only 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and pr
32. MART settings for all drives connected to the controller This can be set to ENABLE DISABLE or DON T MODIFY which means the controller should not change any drive s SMART settings The default setting is DON T MODIFY On most drives SMART is disabled by default by the manufacturer You may want to enable it if you want disk drives to be able to recover from errors on their own To enable or disable SMART changes 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Disk Configuration and press Enter The Disk Configuration screen displays 3 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures Select SMART and press Enter The SMART screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Ti Host Config DISABLE Channel Con SEP Conf igur Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults Menu Selection Help Select a global disk SMART setting Drives equipped with this technology can alert the controller of impending drive failures Changes to the SMART settings take effect after a Rescan or controller reboot SMART stands for Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology Select the option you want and press Enter Reboot or rescan to have your changes take effect See Rebooting the Controller on page 7 1 or Rescanning All Channels on page 7 23 Blinking a Drive LED
33. Menu tilities Menu mMenu Add an Array Drive Utilities Menu Delete an Arr Blink Drive LED Pool Spare Me Clear Metadata Display Drive Down Drive Test Unit Ready Display Drive Cache Menu Selection Help This option issues a command to the drive that you select to blink its LED The drive continues blinking its LED until you either 1 gt Press Escape before the MUI times out 2 gt Issue this command again which toggles the blink LED command off 3 Select Display Drive Cache and press Enter The list of drives screen displays G and K Series User s Guide 4 Selecta drive and press Enter The cache status screen displays showing the status of the read and write cache ystem Menu Array Menu tilities Menu Menu Add an Array Rp Prive Utilities Menu Delete an Arrjj H Blink Drive LED Pool Spare M ane ache Menu Selection Help Display drive write back cache options Use the arrow keys to select a drive to be queried then press lt Enter gt Write back cache allows a drive to indicate that a write operation is complete once the data is in the drive s cache but before the data has been written to the disk drive media Board Temp 97 F lt 36 C Wed Oct 4 62 16 27 2008 5 Press Esc to return to the Drive Utilities Menu Enabling and Disabling SMART Changes You can enable or disable the ability to change the Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology S
34. NFIG CHANGED Event Menu Selection Help CTRL Z or ESC exits Use up down arrows to scroll through events Note You can see a full screen of events at any time by typing CTRL E once or twice to display the Event Log Screen 3 Press T to see the previous event You can continue to view earlier events by pressing T 4 Press Ese to return to the Event Log Menu G and K Series User s Guide Viewing a Whole Screen of Events You can also view events from the log file a whole screen at time This lets you quickly review all recent events The events display in chronological order that is the most recent event is last To display a whole screen of events 1 From anywhere in the Disk Array Administrator software press CTRL E The first screen of events from the event log displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator 038 101300 19 13 BATT CHARGE CPLT 9 101300 19 16 ADD ARRAY START Create Started SNib57bc785fe739 0 10130 19 16 CONFIG CHANGED 1 181300 19 16 ADD ARRAY DONE SNib57bc785fe739 22161306 19 16 CONFIG CHANGED ARRAY DELETED i CONFIG CHANGED ARRAY DELETED SN1b57bc785fe739 CONFIG CHANGED ADD ARRAY START Create Started SN1b57bc7660e739 CONFIG CHANGED ADD ARRAY DONE SN1b5S7bc7660e739 IG CHANGED VERIFY STARTED SNibS7bc 766Ge73 CONFIG CHANGED VERIFY DONE SNibS7bc766Ge739 UTILITY FAILED COMMAND FAI 4 101300 CONFIG CHANGED 3 4 4 4 43 44 45 a 2101300 WNA FERET 22 Www OOOO
35. ODIFY Typically if your drives are part of an array you do not want to turn on write back cache on the drives The controller is already using write back cache to improve performance Turning on write back cache on the disk drive may improve performance in some cases depending on the type of array and how you are using it Any disk drives with write back cache enabled should be connected to an Uninterruptable Power Supply UPS in case of power failure If the drives are not on a UPS and power is lost during disk writes the array will lose any data in the disk s write back cache To change the write back cache setting 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 8 5 G and K Series User s Guide 2 Select Disk Configuration and press Enter The Disk Configuration screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu onfiguration Menu Set Date Time Disk Configuration t Host Configur Write back cache y Channel Confij SMART SEP Configura Disk Configura s Option Configuration l Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Select a global disk write back cache setting Enabling write back cache causes disk writes to complete before the data is written to the media This setting takes effect on a Rescan or controller reboot WARNING Enabling disk write back cache is NOT recommended unless your drive enclosure is equipped wi
36. RAID Min No Level of Drives Description Strengths Weaknesses RAID 3 3 Block level data Excellent Not well suited for striping with performance for transaction dedicated parity large sequential oriented network drive data requests applications single parity drive does not support multiple concurrent and write requests RAID 4 3 Block level data Data striping Write requests Not striping with supports multiple suffer from same widely dedicated parity simultaneous read single parity drive used drive requests bottleneck as RAID 3 RAID 5 offers equal data protection and better performance at same cost RAID 5 3 Block level data Best Write performance striping with cost performance is Slower than distributed parity for transaction RAID 0 or RAID 1 oriented networks very high performance and data protection supports multiple simultaneous reads and writes can also be optimized for large sequential requests RAID 50 6 Combination of Better random Lower storage RAID 0 data striping and RAID 5 with distributed parity performance and data protection than RAID 5 capacity than RAID 5 G and K Series User s Guide Table A 1 Comparing RAID Levels Continued RAID Min No Level of Drives Description Strengths Weaknesses RAID 4 Combination of Highest High redundancy 1 0 RAID 0 data performance and cost overhead Also striping andRAID data protection because all data is known as 1 mirrori
37. SCSI ID assigned to each channel initiator ID The controller assigns each of its SCSI channels one of the SCSI IDs initiator IDs leaving 15 SCSI IDs available for devices You can change the SCSI ID assigned to each channel You may need to do this if the default ID 7 conflicts with a SEP ID You can set the ID to any number between 0 and 15 To configure the channel 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Channel Configuration and press Enter The Channel Configuration screen displays Host C hannel 1 Channe SEP Con le Rate Disk Configuration Restore Defaults Option Configuration Manage Host Names Set Pef channe 1 e a a Percent J Priority te Menu Selection Help Select the backend channel number that you wish to configure 7 9 G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select the channel you want and press Enter The Ultra U2 screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it Chaparral ystem Menu onf iguration Menu Set Date Time Backoff Percent Host Configur hannel i lity Priority Ultra U2 m Mute OFF Sample Rate ON ore Defaults Option Config ge Host Names Menu Selection Help Select between SCSI Ultra and Ultra2 speeds This is helpful when cabling issues exist that exceed the limits of SCSI Ultra2 4 Select the setting you want and press Enter The initiato
38. SI commands data and status across the FC using standard FC frame and sequence formats Gigabit interface converter GBIC A GBIC also referred to as a Physical Link Module is a physical component that manages functions of the FC 0 layer This layer consists of the physical characteristics of the media and interface including drivers transceivers connectors and cables A GBIC attaches to an FC adapter and connects a router to an FC host High voltage differential HVD HVD is a differential SCSI scheme with terminators that run on 5 volts Host bus adapter HBA An HBA is the critical link between a host server or workstation and a storage subsystem integrating computing platforms operating systems and I O protocols to ensure proper interoperability and functionality The bus adapter provides direct storage connectivity from the system to data within the storage subsystem and enables stable high speed transmission of information and files HBAs manage the controller specific aspects of handling a storage driver interface device implemented as a target driver which supports mass storage peripheral devices such as disks and tapes A storage driver interface is used to implement SCSI and other storage device drivers An HBA connects to the storage subsystem through a single PCI slot in the host computer and uses either fiber or copper media Initiator An initiator is an FC or SCSI device that contains application clients that or
39. The Drive Utilities Menu screen displays 3 Select Down Drive and press Enter The Select Drive screen displays showing drives that are array members 4 Select the drive you want and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter to make the change 8 10 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures Testing a Drive This function issues a Test Unit Ready TUR command to the selected disk This just tells you that the drive can respond but it still may not be functioning properly To test a drive 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Drive Utilities Menu and press Enter The Drive Utilities Menu screen displays 3 Select Test Unit Ready and press Enter The Select Drive screen displays 4 Select the drive you want and press Enter If the TUR was successful TUR STATUS OK displays If the TUR was not successful a failure message displays 5 Press Esc to return to the Drive Utilities Menu Managing SAF TE Enclosures A SEP SAF TE Environmental Processor is a SCSI device from which the RAID controller can inquire about environmental conditions such as temperature power supply and fan status and the presence or absence of disk drives The RAID controller can also tell the SEP about RAID activities such as drive rebuilds and failed disk drives SAF TE configuration settings are automatically enabled when G and K Seri
40. ariety of ways You can View array and drive status see page 4 8 E Stop the initialization process see page 4 14 E Verify an array see page 4 15 E Reconstruct an array see page 4 17 E Expand array capacity see page 4 18 E Change the array LUN see page 4 21 E Change the array name see page 4 22 E Trust an array see page 4 22 E Delete an array see page 4 24 Viewing Array Status You can view the status of an array including the following information Mi State Online Offline Critical or Fault tolerant E Name The name given to the array E RAID RAID type 0 3 4 5 50 Volume or Mirrored The term mirrored is used for both RAID 1 and RAID 10 arrays E of Drives Number of drives in the array when fault tolerant For example if you create a three drive RAID S array and lose one drive the number will still display 3 E of Spares Number of spare drives dedicated to this array E LUN LUN presented to the host system E Size Size of the entire array expressed in MB or GB for arrays larger than 10 GB E Chunk size The array s chunk size 4 8 Creating and Managing Arrays E WBcache Status of the write back cache enabled or disabled for this array E Created Date the array was created E Utility Utility running None Verify Reconstruct Expand or Initialize To view the status of an array 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Selec
41. available E Read Total number of host read requests directed to the array E Write Total number of host write requests directed to the array E SecRd Total number of sectors read from the array E SecWt Total number of sectors written to the array E Queue Depth Current number of commands from the host that are queued up E 1 O Size Last host I O block size request in 512 byte sectors Similar statistics are also available on an aggregate basis for all array LUNs For more information see Displaying Overall Statistics on page 5 11 To view the array statistics 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 4 10 Creating and Managing Arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Array Statistics and press Enter The statistics menu screen displays sk Array Adm ystem Menu l eee Menu rray Array Status rray2 Drive Status View Statistics Array Statistj Reset Statistics Abort Initial me Verify Functio Expand Function LUN Zoning nu Selection Hel View array statistics The controller updates these at the user selected sample rate Below is a brief explanation of the statistics Read Number host read requests Secht Number of sectors written Write Number host write requests Queue Depth Number host queued cads SecRd Number of sectors read 10 Size Last host I 0
42. ay fails The host system views the controller as a single SCSI disk drive It is actually an array of physical disks behind a RAID controller The controller is managed by software to appear as a single very large physical disk Depending on the array type the virtual disk has advantages in fault tolerance cost performance or a combination of these This section explains the different array types and the disk requirements for each type Array Types Array types are defined by their RAID level a number from 0 through 5 a higher RAID level does not necessarily indicate a higher level of performance or fault tolerance Chaparral s RAID controllers let you create the types of arrays that have proven to be the most useful for RAID applications RAID 0 1 1 0 also known as mirrored 3 4 5 50 and Volume Sets RAID 0 Striped Disks Ina RAID 0 array data is distributed or striped across the disks in the array The array appears to the server as one large disk with a capacity approximately equal to the combined capacity of the physical disks Because multiple reads and writes can be handled in parallel the input output performance of the array is much better than that of a single physical disk A 1 G and K Series User s Guide RAID 0 arrays do not store redundant data so they are not true RAID applications If one disk fails the entire array fails and all array data is lost The fault tolerance of a RAID 0 array therefor
43. ays 2 Select Host Configuration and press Enter The Host Configuration screen displays 3 Select Target ID and press Enter The Target ID screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Time Host Con Channel SEP Conf Disk Conf Option Configuration ost Configuration Target ID Backoff Percent y Priority 8 ute ple Rate Host Names Restore Defaults enu Selection Help Select the SCSI target ID or Fibre Channel loop ID that the controller uses on the host bus 4 Select the option or number you want to use and press Enter To Do this Set a SCSI Target ID E Select the target ID you want to use and press Enter This can be any number from 0 to 15 FC Loop ID E Select SOFT and press Enter Let the FC loop initialization process determine the Loop ID for the channel each time the controller powers up This is the default setting G and K Series User s Guide To Do this Keep the same Loop ID for the E Select the Loop ID you want to channel at all times use and press Enter This can be any number from 0 to 125 The Controller LUN screen displays onfiguration Menu Set Date Time Backoff Percent Host ost Configuration wiority Chann Controller LUN NONE SEP C Rate Disk C t Names Option Configuration Restore Defaults lenu Selection Help Set the controller LUN which is presented as a SCSI processor LUN and is NOT a storage LUN
44. can operate as an independent target or initiator software dependent E All SCSI channels support Wide Ultra2 SCSI 80 MB sec E Each SCSI channel can independently auto sense LVD and single ended modes and negotiate Narrow or Wide SCSI Introduction E Supports full backward compatibility for asynchronous fast Ultra 1 40 MB sec and Ultra2 SCSI 80 MB sec E Onboard Ultra2 SCSI terminators supporting auto detection and auto configuration for LVD SE E Onboard termination power source circuit breakers Note There is no support for high voltage differential HVD SCSI RS 485 SCSI 3 compliant Motherboard Disk Cache K Series WE Adaptec AIC 2100 dual port PCI disk cache ECC memory controller E PCI to PCI Bridge providing full CPU and PCI bus concurrency WE Disk cache size modularity using standard SDRAM 168 pin ECC DIMM 16 MB to 128 MB E Battery backup switching regulator and control interface for controller cache memory E Onboard battery charger and intelligent control monitoring interface Integrated Battery Backup and Interface K Series E Battery charger and battery control interface E Integrated software controlled battery charger diagnostics and periodic battery monitoring E Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH battery pack delivery of greater than 72 hours continuous backup to controller cache memory E Software controlled battery charger and diagnostics G and K Series User s Guide Hardware Conf
45. ck online it may be that too many members are offline or the array may have additional failures on the bus or enclosure that Trust Array cannot fix 4 23 G and K Series User s Guide Deleting an Array You can delete an array when you no longer need the array or you need the drives for another use Caution Deleting an array deletes the data contained in the array however before reusing the drives you should do a low level format on each drive Expand or Reconstruct is running on the array You must stop the utility if j Note You cannot delete an array while any utility Initialize Verify allowed or let it finish before you can delete the array To delete an array 1 4 24 From the System Menu select Delete an Array and press Enter Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu elect Array I Array 1 Lun R5 FTOL 4086MB P Display Drives Menu Selection Help Select the array to be deleted WARNING No recovery of a deleted array is possiblet A list of arrays appears in the menu if more than one array is exists Select the array you want to delete and press Enter The system asks you to confirm the deletion Select Yes and press Enter Monitoring System Status You should monitor your system regularly to ensure that the controller disks and arrays are working properly The Disk Array Administrator software lets you monitor the status several ways
46. d below or select Array Menu from the System Menu The status of the expansion displays in the list of arrays Viewing Expand Status You can view the status of the expansion process while it is running To view expand status 1 4 20 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays Creating and Managing Arrays 3 Select Expand Function and press Enter The expand menu displays 4 Select View Expand Status and press Enter The Expand Status screen displays 5 Press Esc to return to the expand menu Changing the Array LUN You can change the LUN assigned to an array as it appears under the controller s target ID from the host system s point of view The change takes place immediately however you may need to reboot the host system to see the array at the new LUN Note You cannot change the array s LUN to one that is already in use If you want to use a LUN that is already in use you must first reassign the LUN in use For more information about LUNs and your controller see Understanding LUNs on page 7 4 To change the array LUN 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Change LUN and press En
47. dated and menus appear right but boxes around menus look incorrect Try a different font in your terminal emulator program such as Terminal If you cannot find a font that looks correct set ASCII Display to Yes in the Display options item of the Configuration menu Array Problems Problem Array is much smaller than it should be The backoff percent may be set higher than 1 which is causing the array to be much smaller than the full size of its member disks amp Note We strongly recommend that you leave the backoff percent at 1 The setting backs off or reduces the capacity of the array by the given percentage The backoff percentage helps when you assign spares by compensating for the minor capacity differences that occur between vendors For example two 18 GB drives from two different vendors may differ in capacity by 100 MB With a back off of 0 you would not be able to replace an array member s slightly larger 18 GB drive with a smaller 18 GB drive If you intend to only use identical drives from the same vendor then you can use a back off of 0 9 2 Troubleshooting The default setting is 1 backoff This default allows you to easily work with drives that have the same nominal capacity but different actual capacities The backoff percentage affects all arrays created on the controller after you set the percentage If the drives in an array are not equal in size the array capacity in a RAID S array is based on
48. ditional SEP Settings 8 14 Troubleshooting Chaparral Technical Support 9 1 Terminal Emulator and COM Port Problems 9 1 Array Problems 9 2 Host SCSI Channel Problems 9 3 Contents Device SCSI Channel Problems 9 4 Problems During Bootup 9 4 Controller Problems 9 5 Warning And Error Events 9 6 Warnings 9 7 Errors 9 8 Using the Loader Diagnostics Menu 9 9 Using the Loader Utility Menu 9 9 Understanding SCSI Errors 9 9 Disk Errors 9 9 Disk Channel Errors 9 11 Voltage and Temperature Errors and Warnings 9 13 Array Basics Array Types A 1 RAID 0 Striped Disks A 1 RAID 1 RAID 1 0 Mirrored Disks A 2 RAID 3 A 2 RAID 4 A 3 RAID 5 A 3 RAID 50 A 3 Volume Sets A 4 Comparing RAID Levels A 4 Mixing Disks from Different Manufacturers or with Different Capacities A 6 Mixing Disks on Different RAID Controller Channels A 6 Glossary vii G and K Series User s Guide viii Introduction This User s Guide explains how to install and use the Chaparral G and K Series External RAID Controllers which are designed to be installed in a RAID enclosure and used with a host system to provide a powerful disk subsystem The G5312 and K5312 RAID controllers are fault tolerant SCSI to SCSI RAID controllers that bridge the SCSI interface between the host system and the SCSI hard drive peripherals They support low voltage differential LVD Ultra2 or single ended Ultra SCSI buses The G5312 and K5312 have one Ultra2 SCSI host channel and
49. e is less than that of any single disk in the array The term RAID 0 is widely used for these arrays however because they are conceptually similar to true RAID applications RAID 1 RAID 1 0 Mirrored Disks In RAID 1 and RAID 1 0 arrays commonly called mirrored arrays disks are paired with both disks in a pair containing the same data When data is written to a mirrored array it is written twice once to each disk in the pair A RAID 1 array has only one set of paired disks A RAID 1 0 array has multiple pairs across which data is striped The read performance of RAID 1 arrays can be much better than that of a single disk while the write performance is slightly lower In RAID 1 0 arrays both read performance and write performance are better than those of a single disk A mirrored array is also highly reliable because both disks in a pair must fail for the array to fail In an array with five pairs of mirrored disks for example the array can maintain its integrity even if five disks fail as long as each pair is left with one good disk The main disadvantage of a mirrored array is its cost Because all disks must have a twin you must use twice the number of disks that actually contribute to the array capacity In an eight disk array for example you have only four disks of usable capacity RAID 3 RAID 3 arrays contain redundant information in the form of parity data which is calculated block by block for all user data The use
50. e enclosure and the drive work properly replace the controller Problem The system hangs during a drive scan Follow these steps to resolve the problem 1 Check the enclosure to make sure everything is properly connected 2 Remove and replace the drive that failed the scan 3 If the enclosure and the drive work properly replace the controller Controller Problems Problem The controller s STATUS LED does not turn on The controller s STATUS LED is on the controller board and is only visible if you open your enclosure or if it is connected to a status LED on your enclosure Check that 5V power is being applied to the controller Check the RS 232 interface for power on initialization and for diagnostics errors Check the Disk Array Administrator for outstanding events 9 5 G and K Series User s Guide Problem The controller s STATUS LED is on but there is no RS 232 display The controller s STATUS LED is on the controller board and is only visible if you open your enclosure or if it is connected to a status LED on your enclosure Check that the RS 232 cable is the correct type direct connect Check that the terminal emulation utility on the computer system is properly configured See Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Using the RS 232 Serial Port on page 3 1 Problem The controller reports a SDRAM memory error Check that the SDRAM DIMM is fully seated in the connector and the latches are fully engaged into t
51. e the 7 or J arrow keys to scroll through the drives These are the drives that are currently members of the array 4 Press Esc to return to the Array Menu Clearing Metadata from a Drive All of the member drives in an array contain metadata in the first sectors of the drive The controller uses the metadata to identify array members after restarting or changing controllers You can clear the metadata from a drive if you have a drive that was previously a member of an array Drives in this state display Leftover in the Display Drives screen After you clear the metadata you can use the drive in an array or as a spare 8 4 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures To clear metadata from a drive 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Drive Utilities Menu and press Enter The Drive Utilities Menu screen displays 3 Select Clear Metadata and press Enter The Select Drive screen displays showing drives that are not array members 4 Select the drive you want and press Enter You can now use this drive in an array or as a spare Enabling and Disabling Write back Cache You can control the write back cache setting for all of your disk drives at once Changes take effect after the next rescan or reboot This can be set to ENABLE DISABLE or DON T MODIFY which means the controller should not change any drive s write back cache settings The default setting is DON T M
52. e using KERMIT If you are using HyperTerminal select Transfer Send File navigate to where the firmware update file is located select it and click Open Select the same Protocol from the drop down list as you selected from the Flash Utility screen Click Send The file transfers The system displays messages showing that it is flashing the code and rebooting the controller A Caution Do not interrupt the power when transferring the new firmware 7 28 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures The Disk Array Administrator software lets you control a variety of functions related to disk drives and SAF TE Environmental Processor SEP enclosures connected to your controller E For drives you can Display drive information see page 8 2 Clear metadata from a drive see page 8 10 Enable disable write back cache and display cache status see page 8 5 Enable disable changes to SMART see page 8 8 Blink a drive LED see page 8 9 Take down a drive see page 8 10 Test a drive see page 8 11 E For SEP enclosures you can Change the SEP LUN see page 8 12 Change additional SEP settings see page 8 14 Managing Disk Drives The Disk Array Administrator software lets you control a variety of functions related to disk drives You should also refer to your disk drive or enclosure documentation for information about related functions G and K Series User s Guide Displaying Drive Informati
53. ect whether you want the SEP to send slot status updates to the controller and press Enter The Global Flags screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it isk Array Administrator EP Settings Global Flags Set Date Tim OFF Host Configu ON Channel Conf SEP Configura Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults nu Selection Hel Global Flags Specifies the controller to send commands to the SEP to update the overall status of the enclosure 7 Select whether you want the SEP to send enclosure status updates to the controller and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 8 Select Yes and press Enter to make the change 8 16 Troubleshooting Chaparral Technical Support For assistance configuring and using your Chaparral product contact your authorized distributor or Chaparral technical support at support chaparralnet com Resolutions to common problems you may encounter are described in the following sections Terminal Emulator and COM Port Problems Problem Screen continuously puts out garbage characters The likely cause of this problem is a baud rate mismatch between the terminal emulator and the controller The default baud rate is 115 200 Follow these steps if you set your terminal emulator to this rate and still get garbage characters 1 oo If you are able shut down the controller See Rebooting the Controller on page 7 1 If you
54. ection K Series 1 6 Fibre Channel Features 1 6 Specifications 1 7 Physical G Series 1 7 Electrical G Series 1 7 Environmental G Series 1 8 Battery G Series 1 9 Physical K Series 1 10 Electrical K Series 1 10 iii G and K Series User s Guide iv Environmental K Series 1 11 Battery K Series 1 12 Reference Documents 1 13 External Documents 1 13 Chaparral Documents 1 13 Hardware Installation Connecting the Controller 2 1 Connecting to the SCSI Port 2 1 Connecting to the Fibre Channel Port 2 1 Connecting to the RS 232 Port 2 2 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Using the RS 232 Serial Port 3 1 Navigating the Disk Array Administrator Software 3 3 Changing the Screen Display 3 4 Disk Array Administrator Menu Tree 3 4 Creating and Managing Arrays Creating Arrays 4 1 Managing Arrays 4 8 Viewing Array Status 4 8 Stopping the Array Initialization Process 4 14 Verifying an Array 4 15 Reconstructing an Array 4 17 Expanding Array Capacity 4 18 Changing the Array LUN 4 21 Changing the Array Name 4 22 Trusting an Array 4 22 Deleting an Array 4 24 Contents Monitoring System Status Displaying the Event Log 5 1 Viewing the Most Recent Event 5 2 Viewing One Event at a Time 5 2 Viewing a Whole Screen of Events 5 4 Capturing the Event Log File 5 4 Displaying Hardware and Configuration Information 5 5 Displaying Overall Statistics 5 11 Resetting Overall S
55. ent to the address listed above Technical Support If after reviewing this user s guide you still have questions about installing or using your Chaparral product please contact us at 303 684 3200 or by e mail at support chaparralnet com Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement WARNING Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation However if this equipment does cause interference to radio or television equipment reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures E Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna E Increase the separation between equipment and receiver m Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to w
56. enu options that are not accessible appear gray For example the Array Menu is not accessible unless one or more arrays exist System Menu Array Menu Add an Array Delete an Array Pool Spare Menu Display Drives Config Menu Utilities Menu Event Log Menu Shutdown Restart Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software Array Menu 1 7 Array Status Drive Status Array Statistics Abort Initialization Verify Function Expand Function Add Spare Delete Spare LUN Zoning Change LUN Change Array Name Trust Array Add an Array Enter Array Name Enter LUN Select RAID Type Number of Drives Select Drives Chunk Size Number of Spares Delete an Array Array Pool Spare Menu Display Pool Spare Add Pool Spare Display Drives Channel SCSI ID Size Manufacturer Model Number Firmware Revision Status Array Member Array Status State Serial Number Name RAID of Drives of Spares LUN Size Chunk Size WriteBack Cache Created Utility Drive Status Drive Number Status Channel ID Size Array Number Member Number Array Statistics View Statistics Reset Statistics Display Host List Add Host to List Remove Host from list Change Zone Type Verify Function Start Verify View Verify Status Abort Verify View Statistics Read Write Sectors Read Sectors Written Queue Depth Expand Function Start Expand View Expand Status Change Zone Type Include All Hosts Include Li
57. ept they are detected by the controller instead of the disk drive Some disk channel errors are displayed as text strings others are displayed as hexadecimal codes 9 11 G and K Series User s Guide The example below shows a disk channel error displaying the hexadecimal code See Table 9 5 below for a list of error code descriptions Most disk channel errors are informational since the controller issues retries to correct any problem Errors that cannot be corrected with retries will result in another critical event describing the affected disk array if any DISK CHANNEL ERR 1 08 TskStat 21 Disk Channel SCSI ID L Error Code Table 9 5 Disk Channel Error Codes Error Code Description 04 Data overrun or underrun occurred while getting sense data 05 Request for sense data failed 20 Selection timeout displayed as Sel Timeout 21 Controller detected an unrecoverable protocol error on the part of the target 22 Unexpected bus free condition displayed as Unex Bsfree 23 Parity error on data received from a target displayed as Parity Err 24 Data overrun or underrun has been detected displayed as Data OvUnRn 30 Target reported busy status displayed as Device Busy 31 Target reported queue full status displayed as Queue Full 32 Target has been reserved by another initiator 40 Controller aborted an I O request to this target because it timed out displayed as I O Timeou
58. er while powering on the controller Valid baud rates are 9 600 19 200 38 400 57 600 and 115 200 The default baud rate is 115 200 and is recommended to expedite the download process 7 26 Configuring the Controller To upgrade the controller s firmware 1 Call Chaparral technical support for information about downloading the firmware updates See Chaparral Technical Support on page 9 1 From the computer connected to the controller access the Disk Array Administrator software See Chapter 3 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software From the System Menu select Shutdown Restart and press Enter The system confirms that you want to shut down Select Yes and press Enter The system confirms that it has shut down Press Enter to reboot While the controller reboots hold down the space bar on your keyboard The Flash Utility screen displays Flash Utility Local Memory Test Passed Configuration OK FLASH LOADER v5 12 Oct 18 1999 16 46 31 Select Protocol 1 FAST BINARY KERMIT MODEM Run diagnostics Run bridge Utility Menu Reboot Press the number on your keyboard that corresponds to the protocol you want to use to transfer the firmware upgrade file from your computer to the controller We recommend using the KERMIT protocol The system shows that it is ready to use KERMIT 7 27 G and K Series User s Guide 8 Using your terminal emulator software send the fla fil
59. erification begins and the percentage of verification completed displays You can continue to use the array during verification To return to the verification menu press Esc To check the progress of the array verification you can use the verification status described below or select Array Menu from the System Menu The status of the verification displays in the list of arrays Viewing Verification Status You can view the status of the verification process while it is running To view verification status 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Verify Function and press Enter The verify menu displays 4 Select View Verify Status and press Enter The Verify Status screen displays 5 Press Esc to return to the verify menu 4 16 Creating and Managing Arrays Stopping the Verification You can stop the verification process Normally you want to let the verification finish though stopping it does not cause any damage to your data You may want to stop the verification if you want improve performance of the controller for another application To stop the verification process 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displa
60. ery of a minimum of 72 hours continuous backup to disk cache memory Hardware Configuration and Management Support G Series W Dual RS 232 serial ports E Analog to digital converter for power temperature and enclosure monitoring E Onboard standard PC type lithium disk battery for continuous Real Time Clock RTC power when the unit is shut down E Dedicated channel activity LEDs status LEDs and alarm I O to backplane connector interface G and K Series User s Guide E General purpose I O for enclosure specific functions to backplane connector interface E SAF TE support for enclosure management Onboard Connectors G Series E 2 pin fan connector fused 12 0 V E 3 pin battery pack connector E 6 pin status fault backup LED connector Daughterboard G Series The G7313 incorporates a FC daughterboard for single loop Fibre Channel connectivity Motherboard CPU Subsystem K Series The K Series motherboard that is installed in an enclosure includes the following features E IDT C6 C6 Winchip 200 MHz processor with internal 64 KB L1 cache and a 66 MHz 64 bit external bus E 8 MB zero wait state DRAM memory independent of disk cache E 2 MB nonvolatile sectored Flash event code configuration store memory Motherboard Ultra2 SCSI Channels K Series E Three onboard Ultra2 SCSI also known as LVD channels WE Adaptec AIC 7890 and Adaptec AIC 7896 PCI LVDS interface controller ASICs WE Ultra2 SCSI channel 0
61. es controllers are installed in an enclosure that contains a SEP No changes are required to the default configuration settings to support SAF TE You can control the following functions for SEP enclosures E Change the SEP LUN see page 8 12 E Change additional SEP settings see page 8 14 Polling interval Temperature sensor status 8 11 G and K Series User s Guide Slot update status Enclosure update status Changing the SEP LUN SEP LUNs allow access to SEPs A SEP LUN may be set to a value of 0 7 SOFT or NONE If set to SOFT the SEP LUN is automatically assigned a value when the controller boots The soft LUN value will be assigned to the first available LUN starting from zero that does not already have a hard that is a numeric LUN assignment NONE means that the SEP cannot be accessed via a LUN Note that if both a controller LUN and a SEP LUN are set to SOFT the controller LUN will be assigned a value first You may want to change the SEP LUN if it conflicts with the LUN of another device To change the SEP LUN 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select SEP Configuration and press Enter The SEP Configuration screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu onfiguration Menu Set Date Time EP Configuration t Host Configur SEP Settings y Channel Confij SEP LUNs SEP Configura Disk Configura
62. ess Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays ystem Menu Array Menu tilities Menu Add an Array Rescan Delete an Arrj Hot Swap Pause Pool Spare Me Hardware Information Display Drive LUN Information Drive Utilities Menu Overall Statistics Menu Selection Help Tell the controller to probe all backend channels for new or removed drives Use this option when installing or removing drives If using an enclosure with a SEP the rescan will be done automatically removed drives are found immediately but new drives take 3 minutes fA manual rescan temporarily suspends all host I 0 processing until all drives are found and spun up Board Temp 12 F lt 39 C gt Tue Oct 31 17 41 58 2000 Monitoring System Status 2 Select Hardware Information and press Enter The Hardware Information screen displays ardware Information Firmware revision Base level Board revision CPLD revision 6 Loader revision 3 006 Serial number 660D11BS7BC Product ID 65312 Daughterboard ID NONE Backplane ID T Controller ID B Data Memory 16 MB SDRAM ECC n Ucc power 4 97 U Menu Selection Help Displays a window describing most hardware information on the controller To see a full screen hardware information display with further details type the CTRL E command once or twice 3 Press Esc to return to the Utilities Menu G and K Series User s Guide To display hardware and configuration in
63. est When you see the Disk Array Administrator initial screen the controller is ready See Chapter 3 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software Changing the Date and Time You can change the controller s date and time To set the controller s date 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Set Date Time and press Enter The Set Date Time screen displays Set Date Time et xe Host Configur Set Time Channel Confij Set Date SEP Configura Disk Configura Option Configuration Manage Host Ninga Menu Selection Help Set current system time of day 3 6 Configuring the Controller Select Set Date and press Enter The Set Date screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set WAG Alea Date aaa Host Configu et Channel Conf 10202 72000 SEP Configur Disk Conf igur Option Configuration Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Set current system date Enter the date you want and press Enter Enter the date in the following format MM DD YYYY The system confirms that you want to make the change Select Yes and press Enter to make the changes The system confirms that the changes are made Press Esc to return to the Configuration Menu To set the controller s time 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displa
64. etermine the SEP LUN each time it powers up E Select SOFT and press Enter This is the default setting 8 13 G and K Series User s Guide To Do this Keep the same LUN for the SEP at E Select the LUN you want to use all times and press Enter This can be any number from 0 to 7 that is not already in use The system confirms that you want to make the change 6 Select Yes and press Enter to make the change Changing the Additional SEP Settings You can change four additional SEP settings E Polling interval This is the interval in seconds that the controller polls the SEPs for status changes The default setting is 5 seconds E Temperature sensor This controls whether the controller s onboard temperature sensor provides temperature information to the host along with the enclosure s temperature detected by the SEP The default setting is OFF which means that neither the controller nor the enclosure is providing temperature information to the host E Slot update status Slot Flags This controls whether the controller sends commands to the SEP to update the status of each enclosure slot The default setting is ON which means that the controller does request status updates from the enclosure E Enclosure update status Global Flags This controls whether the controller sends commands to the SEP to update the overall status of the enclosure The default setting is OFF which means that the contro
65. f drive failure protection desired Consult the User s Guide for an in depth discussion of RAID levels Note Volume is very similar to JBOD except that it contains metadata Board Temp 14 F 409 C Wed Sep 27 14 35 66 2000 4 Select the array type RAIDO RAID3 RAID4 RAIDS RAID50 VOLUME a single drive similar to just a bunch of disks JBOD except that it includes metadata or MIRRORED and press Enter Note A RAID 10 array is created when there are more than two drives ina mirrored array See Appendix A Array Basics for more information The Number of Drives screen displays ystem Menu Array Men dd an Array ion Menu Add an Arj Number of Drives enu Delete an enu Pool Spare Display Drives start lenu Selection Help Select the number of drives excluding spares you want in the array and press lt Enter gt The number drives presented in the selection list depends on the number of available drives in the system and the type of array chosen Note mirrored array Board Temp 1 0 F lt 38 C 4 4 A RAID 16 array is created if more than 2 drives are chosen for a Fri Oct 13 19 14 05 2000 Creating and Managing Arrays Enter the number of drives excluding spares you want in the array and press Enter The Select Drives screen displays with a list of all available drives including the following information about each drive Channel SCSI ID Drive
66. f your enclosure supports removable drives check the drive shuttles to be sure that the power connectors SCSI connectors and ID connectors are properly seated Check termination and ID assignment If you have enabled Ultra Ultra2 SCSI on any device channels try disabling it amp Note Check the controller termination settings for all channels Problems During Bootup The following sections describe problems you might encounter during Power On Self Test POST or during bootup and explain how to resolve those problems POST shows problems related to the processor logic and memory 9 4 Troubleshooting Problem Controller failed the onboard memory test When this failure occurs it means the internal CPU memory failed Replace the controller to correct the problem Problem System hangs at Loading Bridge during BFLU Loader Menu Reflash the firmware to ensure you are using the latest version See Upgrading Firmware on page 7 26 If you cannot update the firmware or if the updated firmware does not correct the problem replace the controller Problem One of the POST diagnostic test failed Contact Chaparral technical support Problem The system hangs at CT srv starting Follow these steps to resolve the problem 1 Check the disk and host channels to make sure they are properly terminated 2 Verify that there are not any SCSI address conflicts 3 Check the enclosure to make sure everything is properly connected 4 Ifth
67. firms the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter 6 2 Managing Spares Deleting a Dedicated Spare You can delete a dedicated spare drive from an array at any time To delete a dedicated spare drive 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Delete Spare and press Enter 4 Select the spare drive you want to delete and press Enter The system confirms the deletion 5 Select Yes and press Enter to delete the spare The drive is now available for use in an array or as a spare Enabling Dynamic Spares The Dynamic Spares option lets you use all of your disk drives in redundant arrays without assigning one as a spare For example if you enable Dynamic Spares and a drive fails you can replace the drive and the controller will rescan the bus find the new disk drive and automatically start reconstruction of the array The controller automatically finds the new drive and reconstructs the array With Dynamic Spares enabled if you have spares or available drives the controller first looks for a dedicated or spare pool drive for the reconstruction If none is found it uses an available drive which the controller automatically assigns as a spare and starts reconstruction You must make sure that the new or available drive has enough capacity to replace the smallest member i
68. flict with any other devices on the host SCSI channel If you have a long SCSI cable try a different or shorter cable Problem Only one array is displayed during host SCSI BIOS scan Check to assure that LUN support is enabled Most SCSI host adapters such as the AHA 2940U2W ship with LUN support disabled by default Use Display Array Status to check the LUN assignment for each array If LUN 0 is not assigned to an array or some other LUN numbers are skipped use the Change LUN Assignment option for each array until you have LUN numbers starting at 0 with no LUNs skipped You must reboot the host system to recognize the new LUN assignment Problem All arrays are displayed during host SCSI BIOS scan but only one array is seen by the operating system SCSI drivers for some operating systems require a parameter switch to enable LUN support For example the NetWare driver ai 7870 dsk requires the driver parameter LUN _ENABLE FF in startup ncf to scan for all LUN s Check the driver documentation for your host SCSI channel You may also need to compact the LUN mapping Device SCSI Channel Problems Problem Not all drives connected to the controller device channels are displayed during boot or the controller hangs during display of connected drives and never reaches the Disk Array Administrator screen Check your array enclosure s documentation to be sure that the enclosure is properly configured for use with a RAID controller I
69. formation 1 From anywhere in the Disk Array Administrator software press CTRL E The first screen of events from the event log displays 2 Press CTRL E again The Hardware Information screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Firmware revision G466BG1 G4 6B01 c B6 7 D11B57BC G5312 1 None Controller ID B Secondary Data Memory 16 MB SDRAM ECC On ucc 5 88 12U 11 67 BACK F U_BATT_TEMP 2 11 U_BATT_N 8 23 U HW Info Use up down arrows PageUp PageDown End Home Dump ESC B d T 82 F 90C Mon 0 t 82 12 54 21 2000 U U U U 3 Press CTRL E again You can press Esc to return to the previous screen The Configuration Information screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator HOST Enabled LUD No negotiation Target ID Bridge LUN Initiator ID 9 Ultra U2 ON Initiator ID 9 Ultra U2 ON Backoff Utility Pri HIGH Alarm Mute Battery ENABLED Cache Lock OFF Dyn Spare OFF WBCache NO TOUCH SMART NO TOUCH Version Prats Poll rate 5 Temperature OFF Slot flags ON Global Flags OFF CFG Info Use up down arrows PageUp PageDown End Home Dump ESC B dT 182 F lt 39 C Mon Oct 2 12 55 30 2600 4 Press CTRL E or Esc to return to where you started from 5 10 Monitoring System Status Displaying Overall Statistics You can display two types of aggregate statistics for all array LUNs E General statistics Similar statistics are also available for indiv
70. g the new user data G and K Series User s Guide Volume Sets A volume set is the ability to create a host accessible LUN that maps to a single disk in the array similar to JBOD Volume sets are non redundant and have a capacity slightly less than the physical disk they are created from Volume sets are useful if you have a single disk available and you don t want to use it as a spare Note For more information on RAID levels see The RAIDbook A Source Book for RAID Technology published by the RAID Advisory Board St Peter Minnesota February 1996 Comparing RAID Levels Table A 1 illustrates the differences between the different RAID levels Table A 1 Comparing RAID Levels RAID Min No Level of Drives Description Strengths Weaknesses RAID 0 2 Data striping Highest No data without performance protection one redundancy drive fails all data is lost RAID 1 2 Disk mirroring Very high High redundancy Performance cost overhead Data protection because all data is Minimal penalty duplicated twice the storage oe capacity is required performance RAID 2 n a No practical use Previously used for No practical use RAM error same performance environments can be achieved by correction known RAID 3 at lower as Hamming Code cost and in disk drives before the use of embedded error correction A 4 Table A 1 Comparing RAID Levels Continued Array Basics
71. g the polling interval 8 14 changing the slot status setting 8 14 changing the temperature status 8 14 changing the temperature status setting 8 14 LUNs for 7 5 serial port connecting to 2 2 settings for 2 2 3 1 servers controlling access to arrays 7 15 giving names to 7 14 Set Date screen 7 3 Set Date Time 7 2 7 3 Set Date Time screen 7 2 Set Time screen 7 4 Shutdown Restart 7 2 shutting down the controller 7 1 size expanding for arrays 4 18 Slot Flags screen 8 16 Slot Flags defined 8 14 slot status setting changing for enclosures 8 14 SMART disabling changes to 8 8 enabling changes to 8 8 SMART screen 8 9 software accessing to configure the controller 3 1 navigating in 3 3 software menu tree 3 4 spares adding dedicated 6 2 adding pool 6 5 defined 6 1 deleting dedicated 6 3 deleting pool 6 6 displaying pool 6 7 enabling automatic 6 3 enabling dynamic 6 3 use in reconstructing 6 1 specifications 1 7 speed changing for SCSI channels 7 9 Start Expand 4 19 Start Verify 4 16 statistics resetting aggregate for all arrays 5 14 resetting for arrays 4 12 viewing aggregate for all arrays 5 11 viewing for arrays 4 10 viewing read write histogram 5 11 status monitoring for system 5 1 of expanding 4 20 viewing for arrays 4 8 viewing for disk drive cache 8 7 viewing for disk drives 8 3 viewing for drives 4 13 striped disks A 1 support 9 1 System Menu 3 3 system monitoring status of 5 1 T ta
72. g type of operation i geten Re splay Host List Serveri J SEP Configura Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults Menu Selection Help View the hosts that are known to the controller Board Temp 72 F lt 22 C Tue Sep 19 16 14 58 2828 4 Press Esc to return to the Manage Host Names screen 7 13 G and K Series User s Guide Creating Names Aliases for Server WWNs You can give the servers on your SAN names aliases that you can easily recognize to make LUN zoning easier to manage For example you can use the computer name that has already been assigned to each server You can determine which WWN is for which server by booting one server at a time and then viewing the WWN list The most recently booted server is first on the list You can name up to 63 servers The names are stored on the controller so if you change controllers you have to rename the servers To create or change names for WWNs 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Manage Host Names and press Enter The Manage Host Names screen displays 3 Select Add or Name Host and press Enter The Add or Name Host screen displays all known WWNs and host names that you have set up If you want to change the name alias enter the new name in Step 5 For more information see Viewing Known WWNs on page 7 12 If the controller is not aware of an
73. ght Electrical K Series Table 1 6 shows the electrical specifications of the controllers Table 1 6 Electrical Specifications Item Specifications VCC 5 0 Vdc 3 0 A max operating current K5312 LVDS host 4 0 A max operating current K7313 Fibre Channel host A D Monitoring 3 5 6 5 normal operation 4 825 Vdc to 5 325 Vdc 5 0 10 degraded mode warning alert 4 75 Vdc to 5 5 Vdc lt 5 0 gt 10 0 controller shutdown failure 12V 12 0 Vde 1 4 A max operating current no battery or battery 1 10 charged 1 8 A max operating current battery charging Item Introduction Table 1 6 Electrical Specifications Specifications Battery A D Monitoring 8 0 normal operation 11 04 Vdc to 12 96 Vdc 10 0 degraded mode warning alert 10 8 Vdc 13 2 Vdc gt 10 0 controller shutdown failure 14 4 Vdc 0 4 A max charging current 0 04 A typical trickle charge current normal operation A D Monitoring Internal thermocouple in battery pack monitored Warning issued if pack exceeds temperature range 5 C to 45 C Write back cache remains enabled during battery pack thermal warning Environmental K Series Table 1 7 shows the environmental specifications of the controllers Table 1 7 Environmental Specifications Item Specifications Reliability K5312 Main Board MTBF 200 000 hours K7313 Main and Fibre Boards MTBF 140 000 hours CPU Fa
74. hannels 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays ystem Menu Array Menu tilities Menu Add an Array Rescan Delete an Arrj Hot Swap Pause Pool Spare Me Hardware Information Display Drive LUN Information Drive Utilities Menu Overall Statistics Menu Selection Help Tell the controller to probe all backend channels for new or removed drives Use this option when installing or removing drives If using an enclosure with a SEP the rescan will be done automatically removed drives are found immediately but new drives take 3 minutes gt A manual rescan temporarily suspends all host I 0 processing until all drives are found and spun up Board Temp 182 F 39 C gt Tue Oct 31 17 41 56 2000 2 Select Rescan and press Enter Pausing I O Some drive enclosures allow you to remove and replace drives while SCSI bus activity continues others do not Refer to your enclosure documentation Caution Pausing I O halts active I O to the host Note If you are not sure that your enclosure supports hot swapping use the Hot Swap Pause option before you remove or replace any drives in an array to ensure data integrity Hot Swap Pause suspends activity on all device channels used in the controller thereby assuring data integrity on the connected drives and arrays 7 24 Configuring the Controller To pause I O 1 From the System Men
75. he DIMM notches Check that the SDRAM is from the Chaparral approved vendor list See the Chaparral technical support web site for the latest updated information Problem The controller reports a Battery error Verify that the 3 cell NiMH battery pack is being used The battery packs from other Chaparral external RAID controllers such as the G6322 are not compatible You will not damage the battery pack or the controller by using the wrong battery but the controller will not operate properly Check the battery pack cable for breaks Ensure that the battery connector is fully seated in the controller connector mate Warning And Error Events There are a number of conditions that trigger warning or error events activate the alarm and may affect the state of the STATUS and FAULT LEDs The alarm or buzzer sounds mainly when the Disk Array Administrator displays a warning or error event The controller s STATUS LED is on the controller board and is only visible if you open your enclosure or if it is connected to a status LED on your enclosure The FAULT LED is only visible if it is connected to a fault LED on your enclosure The alarm will silence when you acknowledged the event by pressing Esc The events in these categories are listed below Warnings Troubleshooting Warning events let you know that something related to the controller or an array has a problem You should correct the problem as soon as possible Table 9 1 below defines
76. hich the receiver is connected m Consult the dealer or an experienced radio television technician for help Use a shielded and properly grounded I O cable and power cable to ensure compliance of this unit to the specified limits of the rules This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Canadian Compliance Statement This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du R glement sur le mat rial brouilleur du Canada ii Contents 1 Introduction About This Guide 1 1 Conventions 1 2 Product Features 1 2 Motherboard CPU Subsystem G Series 1 2 Motherboard Ultra2 SCSI Channels G Series 1 2 Motherboard Disk Cache G Series 1 3 Battery Interface G Series 1 3 Hardware Configuration and Management Support G Series 1 3 Onboard Connectors G Series 1 4 Daughterboard G Series 1 4 Motherboard CPU Subsystem K Series 1 4 Motherboard Ultra2 SCSI Channels K Series 1 4 Motherboard Disk Cache K Series 1 5 Integrated Battery Backup and Interface K Series 1 5 Hardware Configuration and Management Support K Series 1 6 Onboard Connectors K Series 1 6 Fibre Channel Conn
77. idual array LUNs For more information see Viewing Array Statistics on page 4 10 T O operations per second IOPS Bandwidth in millions of bytes per second Number of read operations Number of write operations Total sectors 512 byte read Total sectors written Total current command queue depth across all LUNs E Host read write histogram that shows how many host reads and writes fell into a particular size range The I O ranges are based on powers of two 1 Sector 2 3 Sectors 4 7 Sectors 8 15 Sectors 16 31 Sectors 32 63 Sectors 64 127 Sectors 128 255 Sectors 256 511 Sectors 512 1023 Sectors 1024 2047 Sectors 2048 and larger Sectors This information may be helpful in interpreting performance based on individual system configurations and operating systems The information displayed here can be useful to profile applications and their usage of the array and what type of RAID level is applicable to your needs 5 11 G and K Series User s Guide To access the general array statistics 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Overall Statistics and press Enter The Overall Statistics screen displays Hardware Infoj View R W Histogram Rescan verall Statistics s Menu Hot Swap Paus View Statistics ics LUN Informatij Reset All Statistics u Menu Selection Help View the overall statistics for all storage LUNs in the contr
78. iginate service requests and task management functions for processing by a target FC or SCSI device Glossary Initiator mode Initiator mode is the configuration mode of a device in which an FC or SCSI initiator requests operations to be performed by an FC or SCSI target device Logical unit number or logical unit LUN A LUN is a subdivision of a SCSI target For SCSI 3 each SCSI target supports up to 64 LUNs An FC host using LUNs can address multiple peripheral devices that may share a common controller Loop address Loop address is an FC term that indicates the unique ID of a node in FC loop topology A loop address is sometimes referred to as a Loop ID Low voltage differential LVD LVD is a method of powering SCSI cables that will be formalized in the SCSI 3 specifications LVD uses less power than the current differential drive HVD is less expensive and allows for higher speeds such as those of Ultra 2 SCSI LVD requires 3 3 volts versus 5 volts for HVD Management Information Base MIB A MIB is a database of managed objects accessed by network management protocols An SNMP MIP is a set of parameters that an SNMP management station can query or set in the SNMP agent of a network device for example a router Mapping table A mapping table is a table indexed by sequential LUN values The values indicate select bus target LUN devices Mapping tables are used by some routers to perform FC to SCSI operations by defau
79. iguration and Management Support K Series E RS 232 serial port for configuration and troubleshooting E Analog to digital converter for power temperature and enclosure monitoring E Onboard standard PC type lithium battery for continuous Real Time Clock RTC power when the unit is shut down Onboard Connectors K Series E Qty two 2 pin fan connector fused 12 0 V E 3 pin battery pack connector E Front panel 26 pin connector Fibre Channel Connection K Series The K7313 features a Fibre Channel connection for single loop Fibre Channel connectivity Fibre Channel Features E JNI FC interface controller E 64 KB x 18 parity protected synchronous SRAM for queuing up to 500 command blocks E VSC7125 full speed 10 bit transceiver SERDES for FC 0 interface E 93C56 serial EEPROM 2 Kbit in 128 x 16 organization for storing system configuration parameters WE MIA detection circuit for optical module operation support WE LT1117 5 0 V to 3 3 V stepdown linear voltage regulator for local 3 3 V supply E 106 25 MHz clock generator for full speed FC operation 1 6 Introduction Specifications The following sections describe the physical electrical environmental and battery specifications of the G and K Series Physical G Series Table 1 1 shows the physical specifications of the motherboard and daughterboard Table 1 1 Physical Specifications Item Specifications Motherboard Form factor 4 25 x 9 0 inch PCB ou
80. ing the Controller E Manage disk drives and enclosures see Chapter 8 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures You can access the Disk Array Administrator software using the RS 232 serial port connection on the controller You must connect a computer with terminal emulator software such as HyperTerminal to the serial port according to Connecting to the RS 232 Port on page 2 2 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Using the RS 232 Serial Port You can access the Disk Array Administrator software using the RS 232 serial port You must use a straight through serial cable You cannot use a null modem cable Configure the RS 232 port in your terminal emulator software using the following settings Setting Value Terminal Emulation VT 100 or ANSI for color support Font Terminal G and K Series User s Guide Setting Value Translations None Columns 80 Set the communications parameters for the terminal program as follows Setting Value Baud rate 115 200 Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Parity None Flow Control Software XON XOFF Connector COM 1 typically To access the Disk Array Administrator software using the RS 232 serial port 1 From the computer connected to the controller start your terminal emulation software Be sure that your terminal emulation software is set to use the correct COM port on your computer See Terminal Emulator and COM Port Problems on page 9 1 for more details on how the contro
81. ion information Table 5 1 lists the configuration information that is available Table 5 1 Configuration information Group Field What displays Field What displays HOST Enabled Field is just a SE LVD Negotiation rate placeholder K53 12 and G5312 only Target ID SCSI ID of controller as set in the Disk Array Administrator software 5 5 G and K Series User s Guide Table 5 1 Configuration information Continued Group Field What displays Field What displays Controller SOFT NONE or LUN specific number as set in the Disk Array Administrator software Topology Always Loop G7313 and K7313 only Node WWN FC World Wide G7313 and Name for node K7313 only Port WWN FC World Wide G7313 and Name for port K7313 only FC Addr 24 bit FC address AL PA Currently G7313 and or None if the FC G7313 and assigned value K7313 only link is not active K7313 only or None if the FC link is not active Loop ID SOFT ora specific Current Currently G7313 and number as set in assigned value K7313 only the Disk Array or Inactive if the Administrator FC link is not software active CHAN 0 Initiator ID SCSI ID of Ultra U2 Hardware runs controller on Channel 0 as set in the Disk Array Administrator software as Ultra2 5 6 Monitoring System Status Table 5 1 Configuration information Continued Group Field What displays Field What displays CHAN 1 Initiator ID SCS
82. ization process Select Yes and press Enter Creating and Managing Arrays Verifying an Array The Verify function allows you to verify the data on the specified array RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 RAID 50 and mirrored arrays only E RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 and RAID 50 Verifies all parity blocks in the selected array and corrects any bad parity E Mirrored Compares the primary and secondary drives If a mismatch occurs the primary is copied to the secondary You may want to verify an array when you suspect there is a problem To verify an array 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Verify Function and press Enter The verify menu displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator seton Menu preas Menu Sus Jauration Menu Il Array Status aaa Spare Drive Status rrayl Array Statistics Start Verify Abort Initializa View Verify Status Verify Function Abort Verify Expand Function nu Selection Help Start Verify 4 15 G and K Series User s Guide 4 Select Start Verify and press Enter Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu Add rrayi Array Status Add Spare Drive Status rr mr Arrayl Array rrayi ify Abort Verify 27 fy Status Verify ify Expand nu Selection Help Start Verify V
83. l Spare Mej Delete Pool Spare t Display Drive Menu Selection Help Display pool spare drives 6 5 G and K Series User s Guide 2 Select Add Pool Spare and press Enter The Select Drives screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator rysten Menim dd Pool Spare Select Drive s gt Ch 2 Id 12 2663MB IBM DORS 32166W R WAGA Available SS SS nu Selection Hel Add a drive to the spare drive pool 3 Select each spare drive you want to add and press Enter Deleting a Spare from the Spare Pool You can delete a spare from the spare pool at any time To delete a spare from the spare pool 1 From the System Menu select Pool Spare Menu and press Enter The Pool Spare Menu screen displays 2 Select Delete Pool Spare and press Enter The Delete Pool Spare screen displays listing the drives assigned to spare pool 3 Select the pool spare you want to delete and press Enter Managing Spares Displaying the Spare Pool You can display a list of the all of the pool spares To display the spare pool 1 From the System Menu select Pool Spare Menu and press Enter The Pool Spare Menu screen displays 2 Select Display Pool Spares and press Enter The Display Pool Spare screen displays listing all disk drives assigned to the spare pool 3 Press Esc to return to the Spare Pool Menu G and K Series User s Guide 6 8 Configuring the Controller The Disk Array Administrator lets you configure
84. l Specifications Item Specifications Reliability MTBF Mean Time Between Failure 200 000 power on hours MTTR Mean Time To Repair 20 minutes Temperature Internal ambient operating 5 C to 50 C maximum with specified air flow for G5312 5 C to 45 C maximum with specified air flow for G7313 Normal operating 5 C to 50 C for SCSI host 5 C to 45 C for FC host Degraded mode operating 0 C to 5 C and 50 C to 55 C for SCSI host 0 C to 5 C and 45 C to 55 C for FC host Non operating 40 C to 100 C Introduction Table 1 3 Environmental Specifications Continued Item Specifications Humidity Operating 10 to 85 non condensing Non operating 5 to 90 non condensing Air flow 10 0 cubic feet minute CFM minimum along longitudinal axis of controller at maximum temperature Vibration 5 Hz 2 0 x 107 PSD 17 500 Hz 2 2 x 10 PSD PSD power spectral density g Hz per IBM C S 1 9711 002 Shock Vertical 30 0 g 3 0 msec pulse width Horizontal 15 0 g 3 0 msec pulse width per IBM C S 1 9711 007 1 Linear flow along controller Y long axis Battery G Series Table 1 4 shows the specifications of the G5312 G7313 battery available from Chaparral Table 1 4 Battery Specifications Item Specifications Charge time 4 hours maximum Operating range Storage temperature Storage humidity 5 C to 40 C 3 year life gt 40 C 1 year life 20 C to 40 C 65 20
85. lable An array becomes critical when one or more member drives fails You can set up two types of spare drives W Dedicated available drive that is assigned to a specific array See page 6 1 W Pool available drive that is assigned to the pool which can provide a spare for any failed drive in any redundant array See page 6 5 In addition if you enable the Dynamic Spares option and a drive fails you can replace the drive and the controller will rescan the bus find the new disk drive and automatically start reconstruction of the array See page 6 3 The controller looks for a dedicated spare first If it does not find a properly sized dedicated spare it looks for a pool spare If a reconstruct does not start automatically it means that no valid spares are available To start a reconstruct you must 1 Replace the failed drive if no other drive is available 2 Add the new drive or another available drive as a dedicated spare to the array or as a pool spare Remember that any pool spares added might be used by any critical array not necessarily the array you want Managing Dedicated Spares Dedicated spares are unused disk drives that you assign as a spare to a specific array The disk must be as large as the smallest member of the array You cannot use a dedicated spare drive in an array or as a pool spare G and K Series User s Guide While using a dedicated spare is the most secure way to provide spares for your ar
86. lapped LUN will not be visible to the host until you reboot the controller Board Temp 184 F lt 40 C Wed Sep 27 14 31 34 2000 Select the LUN for the array and press Enter The LUN that displays is the suggested default LUN assignment If the letters OV appear before a LUN it indicates that the selection overlaps with a soft LUN probably the controller or SAF TE Environmental Processor SEP LUN You can create an array at an overlapped LUN but it is not visible to the host system until you reboot the controller Note Most Unix Linux and Macintosh operating systems require the controller LUN be a higher value than all array LUNs Before creating your first array change the controller LUN to a higher value or choose NONE best choice if you are not using CAPI to manage the arrays This allows your first array to be seen at LUN 0 The system warns you about the LUN for UNIX and Macintosh as above the first time you create an array Press Enter and the system asks if you want to be warned again Select No to avoid receiving this warning again otherwise select Yes to be warned the next time you create an array 4 3 G and K Series User s Guide The RAID Type screen displays Array Menu Add an Array Delete an Array Pool Spare Menu Display Drives MIRRORED Men Select the RAID level for the new array Choose the RAID level carefully based on the intended use of the array and the degree o
87. lect commands to change the controller s write back cache setting Some operating systems disable write cache If cache lock is enabled the host cannot modify the cache setting The default setting is disabled This option is useful in some environments where the host system disables the controller s write back cache resulting in degraded performance To lock the cache setting 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Option Configuration and press Enter The Option Configuration screen displays parral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Time ption Configuration Host Configur Cache Lock Channel Confi j Battery SEP Configura Enable Trust Array Disk Configur Dynamic Spare Config Option Config Menu Selection Help Enabling Cache Lock prevents the host from changing the controller s lt NOT the disk s gt write back cache setting Normally the controller s write back cache is enabled since this greatly improves write performance The controller s cache has battery backup assuming the battery is installed so leaving controller write back cache enabled is recommended 7 20 Configuring the Controller 3 Select Cache Lock and press Enter The Cache Lock screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it Set Date Timef Option See era Host Configur ache Lock Channel Confi ms SEP Config
88. ler and create arrays you must connect the controller which has two types of data connections E SCSI channel G5312 and K5312 permitting connection to a server host E Fibre Channel G7313 and K7313 permitting connection to other FC devices typically through an arbitrated loop or SAN with fabric E RS 232 serial port for configuration and management of the controller Connecting to the SCSI Port You can connect the controller G5312 and K5312 to a SCSI port Refer to your enclosure documentation for the type of connector required To connect to the SCSI port 1 Be sure the enclosure is turned off 2 Connect one end of the SCSI cable to the SCSI port on the enclosure 3 Connect the other end of the SCSI cable to a server s SCSI port Connecting to the Fibre Channel Port You can connect the controller G7313 and K7313 to an FC HBA or to an FC switch or hub You must use proper FC components Refer to your enclosure documentation for the type of connector required G and K Series User s Guide To connect to the Fibre Channel port 1 Be sure the enclosure power is turned off 2 Connect one end of the Fibre Channel cable to the FC port on the enclosure 3 Connect the other end of the Fibre Channel cable to a server s HBA or to an arbitrated loop hub or fabric switch 4 Turn power on and begin configuration Connecting to the RS 232 Port You use the RS 232 port to update the firmware configure and monito
89. ll take the LUN and the controller LUN will change to first available SOFT LUN value For information about changing the array LUN see Changing the Array LUN on page 4 21 Note Because a maximum of eight LUNs are supported if eight arrays are required the controller and SEP LUNs will not be accessible and must be set to SOFT or NONE 7 5 G and K Series User s Guide Changing the Controller s Target ID and LUN You can change the controller s target ID or LUN if necessary E Target I D This is either the SCSI target ID for the G5312 or K5312 or the controller s FC Loop ID for the G7313 or K7313 SCSI target ID You may need to change controller s SCSI target ID when you have existing devices at ID 1 the controller s default or when you are adding more than one controller to a system You can set the target ID to any number between 0 and 15 FC Loop ID You may need to change this if you want the controller to be at a specific address or if your system checks addresses in reverse order lowest address first You have two options SOFT Use this setting if you do not care if the controller s Loop ID changes when you power down and power up This setting lets the FC loop initialization process determine the Loop ID Any number between 0 and 125 Select a specific number if you want the Loop ID to stay the same after you power down and power up The Disk Array Administrator software cannot tell y
90. ller can auto detect the baud rate 2 Press CTRL R The initial Chaparral Disk Array Administrator screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Fri Oct 13 19 07 100 F lt 38 C Menu Selection Help No menu is active When no menu is active a rotating summary of the current controller status is displayed Press lt Enter gt to display the main system menu 3 2 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software 3 Press Enter The System Menu displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu Add an Array Utilities Menu Delete an Array Event Log Menu Pool Spare Menu Shutdown Restart Display Drives enu Selection Help System Menu Select an array or perform a system wide task Menu options are enabled depending on the current system and array configuration SPECIAL KEYS Arrow Keys or Hot Key Select menu item CTRL A ANSI UT1 toggle CTRL E Next screen CIRL R Refresh terminal CTRL B Color toggle CTRL H Help toggle CTRL Z Esc Quit menu You can now perform all of the functions described in following chapters All steps start from the System Menu If an alarm condition has occurred you will see a message about the problem This message will also be stored in the event log Navigating the Disk Array Administrator Software You can navigate the Disk Array Administrator software using your keyboard Table 3 1 below describes the
91. ller does not request status updates from the enclosure To change the SEP settings 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select SEP Configuration and press Enter The SEP Configuration screen displays 8 14 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures 3 Select SEP Settings and press Enter The Poll Rate screen displays Set Date Timep SEP Host Conf EP See ne Channel Cj Poll Rate SEP Confi Disk Confi Option Configuration Restore Defaults enu Selection Help Specifies the interval in seconds that the controller polls the enclosure s SEPs for status changes 4 Enter the poll rate you want in seconds and press Enter The Temperature screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it Host Configu Channel Conf SEP Configura Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults nu Selection Hel Temperature Allows the controller s onboard temperature sensor to provide temperature information to the host along with the enclosure s temperature detected by the SEP 8 15 G and K Series User s Guide 5 Select the option you want and press Enter The Slot Flags screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it es Restore Defaults Menu Selection Help Slot Flags Specifies the controller to send commands to the SEP to update the status of each disk drive slot 6 Sel
92. low you can see that this is a medium error unrecovered read error recommend reassignment Table 9 3 lists some of the most common SCSI sense key descriptions in hexadecimal Table 9 4 lists the descriptions for the most common sense codes ASC and sense code qualifiers ASCQ all in hexadecimal See the SCSI Primary Commands 2 SPC 2 Specification for a complete list of ASC and ASCQ descriptions Table 9 3 Sense key descriptions Sense Key Description Oh No sense lh Recovered error 2h Not ready 3h Medium error 4h Hardware error 5h Illegal request 6h Unit attention 7h Data protect 8h Blank check 9h Vendor specific Ah Copy aborted Bh Aborted command Ch Obsolete Dh Volume overflow Eh Miscompare Fh Reserved Table 9 4 ASC and ASCQ descriptions ASC ASCQ Descriptions 0C 02 Write error auto reallocation failed 0C 03 Write error recommend reassignment 11 00 Unrecovered read error 9 10 Troubleshooting Table 9 4 ASC and ASCQ descriptions Continued ASC ASCQ Descriptions 11 01 Read retries exhausted 11 02 Error too long to correct 11 03 Multiple read errors 11 04 Unrecovered read error auto reallocate failed 11 0B Unrecovered read error recommend reassignment 11 0C Unrecovered read error recommend rewrite the data 47 00 SCSI parity error 48 00 Initiator detected error message received Disk Channel Errors Disk channel errors are similar to disk detected errors exc
93. low or high voltage or an array becomes critical or offline Changing the mute setting lets you turn off the alarm when it is sounding You should turn it back on after resolving the problem The alarm sounds for temperature or voltage conditions events Warning events are generated when the temperature or voltage enters the warning range Shutdown events are generated when the temperature or voltage enters the shutdown range After reaching the shutdown range the controller will not function You must resolve the problem and reboot the controller If the problem is not resolved it will shut down again Alarm conditions trigger an event message that displays in the Disk Array Administrator software window and in the event log See Displaying the Event Log on page 5 1 Table 7 1 shows the temperature and voltage thresholds for each alarm and what to do to resolve the problem Table 7 1 Alarm thresholds Alarm threshold What to do when the alarm sounds CPU temperature E Check the Disk Array Administrator software to Warning 0 C to 5 C and confirm what the alarm means See Chapter 3 65 C to 70 C Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Shutdown 0 C and 70 C Sofware s 7 lt 0 C and gt 70 C Check the ambient temperature and lower it if needed Ambient temperature should be less than 45 C Onboard temperature E Same as above for the CPU temperature Warning 0 C to 5 C and 45 C to 50 C Shutdown 0 C and 50 C
94. lt Point to Point A point to point connection is a communication link between two end systems The point to point topology is one of three FC topologies in which two ports are directly connected by a link there are no fabric loop or switching elements present Router A router is a device that enables connectivity between SCSI devices and FC networks It routes each data command to the appropriate SCSI channel based on the address it is intended for SCSI adapter A SCSI adapter is a 16 bit fast wide differential or 8 bit narrow single ended physical connection between a router and SCSI devices Each SCSI adapter supports up to 16 fast wide or 8 narrow SCSI devices including itself SCSI addressing Each device supported by a SCSI adapter has its own unique SCSI address which dictates the device s priority when arbitrating for access to the SCSI bus A SCSI address of 7 has the highest priority For a fast wide SCSI adapter that supports up to 16 devices the next highest priority address is 6 then 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 and 8 The narrow SCSI adapter supports up to eight devices including itself The SCSI address 7 has the highest priority followed by 6 5 4 3 2 1 and 0 G 3 G and K Series User s Guide SCSI bus A SCSI bus provides a means of transferring data between SCSI devices A SCSI bus is either an 8 or 16 bit bus that supports up to 8 or 16 devices including itself The bus can
95. n 37 523 MTTF 4 3 years Battery 26 300 MTTF 3 0 years Note Battery life is probably higher based on duty cycle battery stress is primarily during re charge activity if battery backup is activated Temperature 5 C to 45 C normal operating range with unobstructed airflow 0 C to 5 C and 45 C to 50 C degraded mode operating range 40 C to 100 C non operating storage without battery pack 5 C to 25 C non operating storage with battery pack 1 11 G and K Series User s Guide Table 1 7 Environmental Specifications Item Specifications Humidity 10 to 85 non condensing operating without battery pack 60 to 70 non condensing operating non operating with battery pack 5 to 90 non condensing non operating without battery pack Air flow Internally cooled unobstructed Vibration 5 Hz 2 0 x 107 PSD 17 500 Hz 2 2x 10 PSD PSD power spectral density g Hz per IBM C S 1 9711 002 Shock Vertical 30 0 g 3 0 msec pulse width Horizontal 15 0 g 3 0 msec pulse width per IBM C S 1 9711 007 Battery K Series Table 1 8 shows the specifications of the battery available from Chaparral Item Table 1 8 Battery Specifications Specifications Charge time Operating range Storage temperature Storage humidity 4 hours maximum 5 C to 40 C 3 year life gt 40 C 1 year life 5 C to 25 C 65 5 amp Note Outside these limits the battery life will be diminished
96. n the array and does not contain metadata see Clearing Metadata from a Drive on page 8 4 Note Performance in systems without a SAF TE Enclosure Processor SEP will decrease if an array becomes critical with this option enabled and there are no available drives to start a reconstruct To minimize the performance impact increase the rescan rate as described in the steps below 6 3 G and K Series User s Guide To enable dynamic spares 1 6 4 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays Select Option Configuration and press Enter The Option Configuration screen displays Select Dynamic Spare Configuration and press Enter The Dynamic Spare Config screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Time Option Conf igurati on t Host Conp Dynamic Spare Config y Channel Enabled SEP Conf Disabled Disk Con ig s es Option Co Menu Selection Help Use this menu to configure the dynamic spare feature If dynamic spares are enabled the system is allowed to automatically convert drives marked as Available to pool spares if a drive is needed to rebuild an array Board Temp 99 F 37 C Mon Oct 2 15 49 23 2008 Select Enabled and press Enter The Rescan Rate screen displays Enter the rescan rate in minutes This tells the controller how often i
97. n this case the array will function normally after using Trust Array E An array is offline because a drive is failing you have no data backup and you want to try to recover the data from the array In this case the Trust Array function may work but only as long as the failing drive continues to operate Before you can use this function you must enable it in the Option Configuration menu 4 22 Creating and Managing Arrays Caution The trust array feature can cause unstable operation and data loss if used improperly This feature is intended for disaster recovery To trust an array 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu displays Selection Option Configuration and press Enter The Option Configuration Menu displays Select Enable Trust Array and press Enter The Enable Trust Array screen displays Select Enable and press Enter The option is only enabled until you use it After you trust an array the option reverts back to being disabled Press Ese twice to return to the System Menu Select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays Select Trust Array and press Enter The system confirms that you want to trust the array Select Yes and press Enter The array will be back online Note If the array does not come ba
98. ng can tolerate duplicated twice mirrored multiple drive the storage failures capacity is required requires minimum of four drives Volume 1 Non RAID non Ability to use a Not protected Sets striped mapping to singledrivetostore lower performance a single drive similar to JBOD additional data not striped Mixing Disks from Different Manufacturers or with Different Capacities An array can contain different models of SCSI disks even disks with different capacities for example an array can include a 4 GB disk and a 9 GB disk If you mix disks with different capacities the smallest disk determines the logical capacity of all other disks in the array regardless of RAID level For example if a RAID 0 array contains one 4 GB disk and four 9 GB disks the capacity of the array is equivalent to about five 4 GB disks To maximize disk capacity use disks of similar size Mixing Disks on Different RAID Controller Channels The G5312 and K5312 RAID controllers have two device channels 1 and 2 the G7313 and K7313 have three device channels 0 1 and 2 An array can consist of disks on different channels of the same RAID controller g A 6 Glossary Address An address is a data structure or logical convention used to identify a unique entity such as a particular process or network device Arbitrated loop physical address AL_PA An AL PA isa 1 byte value used in an arbitrated loop topology This
99. o view known WWNs 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Manage Host Names and press Enter The Manage Host Names screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu onf iguration Menu Set Date Time Backoff Percent Host Configuration Utility Priority Channel Configuration te SEP Configuration Disk Configuration Option Configuration Restore Defaults Menu Selection Help Manage hosts that are known to the controller by specifying their World Wide Names lt WWNs and also by optionally assigning a symbolic name to each host Board Temp 72 F lt 22 C Tue Sep 19 16 12 54 2628 7 12 Configuring the Controller 3 Select Display Host List and press Enter ystern Menu nfiguration Menu Set Date Time age Host Names t Host Configur Display Hasta List y Channel Confij Add or Name Host SEP Configura Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults enu Selection Help View the hosts that are known to the controller Board Temp 72 F lt 22 C Tue Sep 19 16 13 34 2828 The Display Host List screen displays showing all WWNs known to the controller The WWNs are listed according the when they were booted The most recently booted server host is listed first Note A hosts WWN can be placed at the top of the known hosts list whenever the host performs a device discovery or bus scannin
100. oller This display provides general information about how the host system lt s is accessing the controller The controller updates these at the user selected sample rate Board Temp 73 F lt 23 C gt A A MODE Controller ABBA Fri Oct 26 15 44 48 2008 3 Select View Statistics and press Enter The View Statistics screen displays w Stat IOs per second Bandwidth lt MB s gt Number of reads Number of writes Sectors read Sectors written Total queue depth Menu Selection Help View the overall statistics for all storage LUNs in the controller This display provides general information about how the host system lt s gt is accessing the controller The controller updates these at the user selected sample rate Board Temp 75 F lt 24 C A A MODE Controller ABBA Fri Oct 20 15 47 34 2000 4 Press Esc to return to the Overall Statistics screen 5 12 Monitoring System Status To access the read write histogram 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Overall Statistics and press Enter The Overall Statistics screen displays 3 Select View R W Histogram and press Enter The View R W Histogram screen displays reads reads reads 4 7 sector reads 8 15 sect reads reads reads reads reads reads reads 1024 2047 reads 2048 above writes 1 sector Menu Selection Help Uiew the histogram sta
101. on You can display two types of information about disk drives E A list of all drives connected to the controller WE The status of all drives in an array Displaying All Drives You can display a list of all drives connected to the controller The information includes E Channel E SCSI target ID E Size Manufacturer E Model number E Drive firmware revision If any of the drives are members of an array the following information may also display E Utility running Expand Verify etc E Array number this array s sequential position in the controller s array list E Member number this drive s sequential position in the array Drives that are not members of any array are listed as Available Drives that contain leftover metadata from a previous array are listed as Leftover This situation can arise if drives are pulled and reinserted To clear left over metadata use the Clear Metadata function See Clearing Metadata from a Drive on page 8 4 8 2 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures To display all drives 1 From the System Menu select Display Drives and press Enter The Display Drives screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ay Drives 2063MB IBM pa BRS 32 2160W tH R WAIA Arrayi Memberi 217 MB QUANIUM XP32275W R LYK3 Array2 Memberi 217 MB QUANTUM XP32275W R LYK8 Array2 Member2 217 MB QUANTUM XP32275W R LYK8 Available Board Temp F 32 C Tue Nov 23 23 45 38 1999 2 P
102. or use a third party application specific to the operating system to change the partition size How you create a new partition or resize an existing one depends upon the operating system Most operating systems cannot resize an existing partition Refer to your operating system documentation The number of drives you can add to an array depends upon the RAID level as shown below You also cannot exceed the maximum number of drives for each RAID level See Creating Arrays on page 4 1 Table 4 2 Drive additions by RAID level Number of Drives You RAID Level Can Add RAID 0 1 to4 RAID 1 mirrored Cannot expand Volume Set Cannot expand RAID 10 2 or 4 RAID 3 4 or 5 1 to4 RAID 50 3 to 5 Note Once you start expanding array capacity you cannot stop it The expand function may take an hour or more to complete depending on the array type array size drive speed and other processes running on the controller 4 18 Creating and Managing Arrays To expand an array 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Expand Function and press Enter The expand menu displays 4 Select Start Expand and press Enter The Number of Drives screen displays ystem Menu l Seat ura edon Menu vray Array Status Add Spare Drive Status Frrayl Arr tar
103. ou which Loop IDs are available To be sure that you have successfully assigned the Loop ID you want check the Loop ID after you reboot the controller If the controller cannot get the specified Loop ID during the loop initialization process it will try to get a soft address E LUN You only need to assign a controller LUN if you are using the Configuration Application Program Interface CAPI to configure the controller over a host channel via SCSI protocol extensions If you are not using CAPI you can set the controller LUN to NONE If you are using CAPI you can set it to a value of 0 7 or SOFT If set to SOFT the controller LUN is automatically assigned a LUN value when the controller boots The soft LUN value will be assigned to the first available LUN starting from zero that does not already have a hard that is a numeric LUN assignment You can have three options for setting the LUN NONE Use this setting if you are not using CAPI to configure the controller this change takes effect immediately SOFT Use this setting if you do not care if the controller s LUN changes when you reboot the controller Configuring the Controller Any number between 0 and 7 Select a specific number if you want the controller s LUN to stay the same when you reboot To change the controller s target ID and LUN 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displ
104. r ID screen displays showing the current initiator ID Chaparral Disk Array Adm trator Set Date Time Backoff Percent Host Conf hannel 1 ty Priority Channel C Initiator ID 16 Mute SEP Confi mple Rate Disk Confi e Defaults Option Configuration l Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Select the controller s initiator ID for this backend channel For SCSI this is a SCSI ID For Fibre Channel this is the Fibre Channel loop ID 5 Select the initiator ID you want and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 6 Select Yes and press Enter to make the changes 7 Press Ese to return to the Configuration Menu 7 10 Configuring the Controller Working with LUN Zoning The controller s LUN zoning capability lets you specify which servers hosts can access each array This gives you complete control of array access based on your specific needs LUN zoning is only available on the G7313 and K7313 models Figure 7 1 shows an example of how you can use LUN zoning Array F y Host 3 Bs z Host 2 Host1 Pa by all Hosts Ca Host 2 exclude list WB wE Array E Accessed by all Hosts Accessed by Host 2 Array D Array B Array C Accessed by Accessed by Host 1 Hosts 2 aa Accessed by Host3 Figure 7 1 LUN zoning example Before you set up LUN zoning you should know the World Wide Name WWN for each server that you want to set up Your SAN administ
105. r data is distributed across all but one of the disks in the array The parity data is written exclusively to the parity disk also known as the check disk In the event of a disk failure the data can be reconstructed from corresponding data stripes on the remaining disks in the array RAID 3 provides excellent I O performance for applications that require high data transfer rates such as image processing video processing scientific data collection batch data processing or sequential reads and writes RAID 3 is not well suited for transaction processing or other applications that require simultaneous reads and writes Array Basics RAID 4 RAID 4 is similar to RAID 3 in that the redundant information is achieved in the form of parity data The user data is distributed across all but one of the disks The controller uses a single dedicated parity drive for data protection The main difference is that RAID 3 usually synchronizes writes to its disks while RAID 4 can send data to its disk independently RAID 4 is best suited for transaction processing applications that require high read requests but not write requests such as inquires rather than updates RAID 4 is not recommended for I O intensive applications that require high data transfer rates RAID 5 RAID 5 arrays contain redundant information in the form of parity data which is calculated block by block for all user data The parity information is distributed across the disk
106. r the controller using a VT 100 ANSI computer with a terminal emulator Refer to your enclosure documentation for information about the correct type of cable to use Use a 9 pin straight through cable A null modem cable does not work 9 Pin Female 9 Pin Female D SUB D SUB QQ 2 3 3 5 _ 5 Configure the RS 232 port in your terminal emulator software using the following settings E Baud rate 9600 19200 38400 57600 or 115200 115200 best for downloading firmware upgrades E Data Bits 8 E Stop Bits 1 E Parity None E Flow Control None or XON XOFF 2 2 Hardware Installation To connect to the RS 232 port 1 2 Be sure the enclosure power is turned off Using a straight through serial cable connect one end of the cable to the serial port on the enclosure Connect the other end of the serial cable to the serial port on the computer that will monitor and configure the controller Turn power on and begin configuration 2 3 G and K Series User s Guide 2 4 Accessing the Disk Array Administrator Software You can display and change a variety of settings using the Disk Array Administrator software Using the Disk Array Administrator you can E Create and mange arrays see Chapter 4 Creating and Managing Arrays E Monitor system status see Chapter 5 Monitoring System Status E Manage spares see Chapter 6 Managing Spares E Configure the controller see Chapter 7 Configur
107. rator should know the WWNs for your network You can display a list of all WWNs that the controller is aware of on the SAN and you can give each WWN a name alias of your own This makes working with the LUN zoning feature faster and easier You set up LUN zoning by either excluding or including servers on a list for each array LUN The list can include or exclude up to 16 specific servers or all servers for each array LUN For example in Figure 7 1 Array A has an include list that only contains Host 2 so only Host 2 can access Array A Array F has an exclude list that contains only Host 2 so all hosts except for Host 2 can access the array 7 11 G and K Series User s Guide Viewing Known WWNs You can view a list of all server host WWNs that the controller is aware of on your SAN The controller will be aware of any server that was booted since the controller was last restarted Typically servers scan for devices during their device discovery process When this happens the controller saves the WWN information for the server and retains the information even after you reboot the controller You can determine which WWN is for which server by booting one server at a time and then viewing the WWN list The most recently booted server is first on the list You can then give the servers names you recognize for example you can use the computer name that has already been assigned to each server to make LUN zoning easier to manage T
108. rays it is also expensive to keep an idle drive assigned to each array An alternative method is to assign one or more idle drives to the spare pool See Managing the Spare Pool on page 6 5 Adding a Dedicated Spare You assign dedicated spare drives to a specific array If a member drive in the array fails the controller uses a dedicated spare drive to automatically reconstruct the array You can add dedicated spare drives to Mirrored RAID 1 and RAID 10 and Parity RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 and RAID 50 arrays when you create the array or afterward You can assign up to four dedicated spare drives to an array For more information about assigning spares when you create an array see Creating Arrays on page 4 1 Note A spare cannot be added that does not have enough capacity to replace the smallest member in the array To add a dedicated spare 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Add Spare and press Enter The list of drives screen displays listing the available drives Note Ifa drive was a member of an array and was removed from the array you cannot use it as a spare until you clear the drive s metadata For more information see Clearing Metadata from a Drive on page 8 4 4 Select the drive you want to add as a spare and press Enter The system con
109. ress Esc to return to the System Menu Viewing Drive Status You view the status of the drives in an array including the following information E Drive number This drive s sequential position in the controller s drive list Drive status Whether the drive is up or down E Channel number Back end disk bus number E Target ID E Size Size of the drive in MB E Status If a member of an array this displays the array name and member number If a spare this displays the type of spare If unused displays Available If drive was part of an array that no longer exists displays Leftover amp Note Ifa drive has failed or malfunctioned it may not be listed G and K Series User s Guide To view drive status 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Drive Status and press Enter The Drive Status screen displays showing the drives that are members of the array and that are assigned as spares inane oe Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu 1 Array 61 UP Ch 2 Id 2663MB Arrayi Memberi 62 UP Ch 2 Id 61 2663MB Arrayi Member2 03 UP SPR Ch 2 Id G2 2663MB Array 1 Spare 04 UP Ch 2 Id 12 2663MB Pool Spare Menu Selection Help Display the status of all drives that are members of the array y k Ael EEE re R Us
110. rget ID changing for controller 7 6 technical support 9 1 Temperature screen 8 15 temperature status setting changing for enclosures 8 14 temperature alarm thresholds for 7 18 terminal screen problems 9 2 Index terminal emulator software 3 1 terminal screen problems 9 1 9 2 Test Unit Ready 8 11 testing disk drives 8 11 time setting 7 2 troubleshooting 9 1 trusting arrays 4 22 typographic conventions 1 2 U Ultra U2 screen 7 10 UltraSCSI enabling 7 9 upgrading firmware 7 26 utility changing priority of 7 22 Utility Priority screen 7 23 V Verify Function 4 15 4 16 4 17 Verify Status screen 4 16 verifying data 4 15 status of 4 16 stopping process 4 17 View Event Log 5 3 View Expand Status 4 21 View R W Histogram 5 13 View R W Histogram screen 5 13 View Statistics 4 11 5 12 View Statistics screen 5 12 View Verify Status 4 16 viewing aggregate statistics for all arrays 5 11 array statistics 4 10 array status 4 8 cache status for disk drives 8 7 G and K Series User s Guide disk drive status 8 3 disk drives 8 2 drive status 4 13 events 5 1 known WWNs 7 12 pool spares 6 7 read write histogram 5 11 status for drives 8 7 voltage alarm thresholds for 7 18 volume sets A 4 W warning events 9 7 World Wide Names naming 7 14 viewing known 7 12 write back cache disabling for disk drives 8 5 enabling for disk drives 8 5 locking setting on controller 7 20 viewing for disk drives 8
111. riority 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays Select Utility Priority and press Enter The Utility Priority screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ysten Menu onfiguration Menu Set Date T tility i Percent Priority ute ple Rate Defaults Option Conf Host Names Menu Selection Help Allows change in the priority at which utility operations complete when there are competing I O operations Setting the priority to high causes utility operations to complete faster at the expense of host I 0 s The following are utility operations Disk Reconstruction Array Initialization Array Verification and Capacity Expansion Cock 3 Select the option you want and press Enter Rescanning All Channels You can tell the controller to scan all disk channels for new or removed disk drives You can use this option when you install or remove drives The Rescan temporarily pauses all I O processes and then resumes normal operation If you are using an enclosure with a SEP the controller will perform a rescan automatically for you With a SEP the controller will detect removed drives almost immediately however installed drives will be detected after a three minute delay This delay is to allow the new drives to spin up 7 23 G and K Series User s Guide To rescan all c
112. s in the array and occupies the equivalent capacity of about one disk Data is interspersed with the parity information If one disk in the array fails the data on the failed disk can be reconstructed from the parity data and user data on the remaining disks Two disks must fail before the entire array fails The read performance of a RAID 5 array is excellent comparable to that of a RAID 0 array Write performance is lower than that of a RAID 0 array because write operations involve calculating and writing new parity data as well as writing the new user data RAID 50 RAID 50 arrays are made up of two or more RAID 5 arrays across which data is striped RAID 50 arrays contain redundant information in the form of parity data which is calculated block by block for all user data As in a RAID 5 array the parity information is distributed across the disks in the array and occupies the equivalent capacity of one disk per RAID 5 Data is interspersed with the parity information If one disk in the array fails the data on the failed disk can be reconstructed from the parity data and user data on the remaining disks Two disks in one RAID 5 subset must fail before the entire array fails The read performance of a RAID 50 array is excellent better than a RAID 5 array along with better data protection Write performance is lower than that of a RAID 0 array because write operations involve calculating and writing new parity data as well as writin
113. s the current V O queue depth To reset array statistics 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 3 Select Array Statistics and press Enter The statistics menu screen displays 4 Select Reset Statistics and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter The system confirms that the statistics have been cleared and returns to the statistics menu 4 12 Creating and Managing Arrays Viewing Drive Status You can view the status of the drives in an array including the following information E Drive number This drive s sequential position in the controller s drive list E Drive status Whether the drive is up or down E Channel number Back end disk bus number E Target ID E Size Size of the drive in MB E Status If part of an array this displays the array name and member number If a spare this displays the type of spare If unused displays Available If drive was part of an array that no longer exists displays Leftover Y Note Ifa drive has failed or malfunctioned it may not be listed To view drive status 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displa
114. set the controller LUN to NONE If you are using CAPI you can set it to a value of 0 7 or SOFT If set to SOFT the controller LUN is automatically assigned a LUN value when the controller boots The soft LUN value will be assigned to the first available LUN starting from zero that does not already have a hard that is a numeric LUN assignment Note Most Unix Linux and Macintosh operating systems require the controller LUN to be a higher value than all array LUNs Before creating your first array change the controller LUN to a higher value or choose NONE best choice if you are not using CAPI to manage the arrays This allows your first array to be seen at LUN 0 E SEP LUNs Allow access to SEPs A SEP LUN may be set to a value of 0 7 SOFT see the controller LUN description for the meaning of SOFT or NONE NONE means that the SEP cannot be accessed via a LUN Note that if both a controller LUN and a SEP LUN are set to SOFT the controller LUN will be assigned a value first For information about changing the SEP LUN see Changing the SEP LUN on page 8 12 E Array LUNs Allow access to arrays on the controller Array LUNs may be set any numeric value from 0 7 They may not be set to a SOFT value Note that an array LUN value may be set to overlap a SOFT controller LUN value In this case the controller will keep the numeric value of the overlapped LUN and the array will not be visible until you reboot after which the array wi
115. settings and perform a variety of functions on the controller You can E Reboot the controller see page 7 1 E Change the date and time see page 7 2 E Change the LUN and target ID or FC Loop ID see page 7 4 E Configure the SCSI channels see page 7 9 E Set up LUN zoning see page 7 11 E Change the sample rate see page 7 17 E Change the alarm mute setting see page 7 18 E Lock the cache setting see page 7 20 E Enable or disable the battery see page 7 21 E Change the I O priority see page 7 22 E Rescan all channels see page 7 23 E Pause I O see page 7 24 E Restore the default settings see page 7 25 Wi Upgrade the firmware see page 7 26 Rebooting the Controller You may need to shut down and restart the controller after making certain configuration changes and when you move it or make hardware changes We strongly recommend that you shut down the controller gracefully and do not just turn off the power A normal shut down ensures that the write back cache has been flushed to the disk G and K Series User s Guide Caution Anyone accessing an array when you shut down the controller will lose access and may lose data To shut down and restart the controller 1 From the System Menu select Shutdown Restart and press Enter The system confirms that you want to shut down 2 Select Yes and press Enter The system confirms that it has shut down 3 Press Enter to reboot The system performs its self t
116. sor with internal 16 KB L1 unified code and data cache E 8 MB zero wait state burst mode extended data out EDO DRAM memory independent of disk cache E 1 MB nonvolatile sectored Flash event code configuration store memory Motherboard Ultra2 SCSI Channels G Series E Onboard Adaptec AIC 789x PCI Ultra2 SCSI interface controller ASICs E All SCSI channels support Wide Ultra2 SCSI 80 MB sec E Each SCSI channel can independently auto sense LVD and single ended modes and negotiate Narrow or Wide SCSI Introduction E Supports full backward compatibility for asynchronous fast Ultra 1 and Ultra2 SCSI 80 MB sec E SCSI terminators and termination power sources must reside in the enclosure subsystem Note There is no support for high voltage differential HVD SCSI RS 485 SCSI 3 compliant Motherboard Disk Cache G Series WE Adaptec AIC 2100 dual port PCI disk cache ECC memory controller E PCI to PCI Bridge providing full CPU and PCI bus concurrency WE Disk cache size modularity using standard SDRAM 168 pin ECC DIMM 16 MB to 128 MB E Battery backup switching regulator and control interface for disk cache memory Battery Interface G Series E Battery charger and battery control interface E Integrated software controlled battery charger diagnostics and periodic battery monitoring E Battery pack connection to the motherboard or to the backplane interface E Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH battery pack deliv
117. sted Hosts Exclude All Hosts Exclude Listed Hosts Figure 3 1 Menu tree G and K Series User s Guide System Menu Array Menu m Config Menu Set Date Time Host Config Channel Config SEP Config Disk Config Option Config Backoff Percent Utility Priority Alarm Mute New Sample Rate Restore Defaults Set Date Time Set Time Set Date Host Configuration Target ID Bridge LUN Termination SCSI only Term Power SCSI only Channel Configuration Channel Ultra U2 Initiator ID Termination Term Power SEP Setting Poll Rate Temperature Slot Flags Global Flags SEP LUNS Add an Array Delete an Array Manage Host Pool Spare Menu Names Display Drives Config Menu Utilities Menu Disk Canfig Event Log Menu Writeback Cache Shutdown Restart SMART SEP Settings SEP LUN Option Config Cache Lock Battery Trust Array Dynamic Spare Configuration Hardware Information FW Revision Base Level Board Revision CPLD Revision Loader Revision Serial Number Praduct ID Daughter Board ID Backplane ID Controller ID Data Memory SDRAM EEC VCC Power 12V Power Backup Power Temperature CPU Temperature Battery Status Battery Power Battery Temp Voltage Battery State WB Cache Power Manage Host Names Display Host List Add or Name Host ies Menu Rescan Hot Swap Pause Hardware Information LUN Information Drive Utility Menu Overall Statistics Drive Utility
118. t 4 T O request was aborted because of a channel reset 42 T O request was aborted because controller s decision to reset the channel 9 12 Troubleshooting Table 9 5 Disk Channel Error Codes Continued Error Code Description 43 VO request was aborted because of third party channel reset displayed as Abort 3PRST 44 Controller decided to abort I O request for reasons other than bus or target reset 45 VO request was aborted because of target reset requested by controller 46 Target did not respond properly to abort sequence 4B T O aborted due to operating mode change such as LVD to SE or SE to LVD displayed as Abort MdChg 50 Disk channel hardware failure displayed as DskChn Fail This may be the result of bad termination or cabling Voltage and Temperature Errors and Warnings Most voltage and temperature errors occur due to the enclosure Check the enclosure configuration first g 9 13 G and K Series User s Guide 9 14 Array Basics Chaparral s RAID controllers let you set up and manage disk arrays A disk array is a group of disks that appears to the system as a single virtual disk This is accomplished through software resident in the RAID controller RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks refers to disk arrays in which part of the array storage capacity may be used to store redundant information The redundant information lets you restore user data if a disk in the arr
119. t Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays rysten Menim Select Array Array 1 Lun i RM FTOL 2 43MB test array Array 2 Lun 2 R UP 4 86MB stripe array Vl Menu Selection Help Use the up and down arrow keys to select an array from the list Board Temp 99 F 37 C Wed Sep 27 15 05 62 2008 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays ystem Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu ll Add rray2 Array Status Add Spare Drive Status Delete Spare Array Statistics Change LUN Abort Initialization Change Array Name Verify Function Trust Array Expand Function LUN Zoning enu Selection Help Display status information for the selected array Board Temp 99 F 37 C Fri Oct 13 19 16 39 2000 G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select Array Status and press Enter The status screen displays showing the status of the array you selected rray2 State ONLINE Serial number 1b57bc7 85fe739 undef ined RAID Name RAID level Number of drives Number drives per subarray Number of spare drives LUN value Size Chunk size Write back caching Date created Utility enu Selection Help Display status information for the selected array Board Temp 99 F 37 C Fri Oct 13 19 17 13 2008 4 Press Ese to return to the Array Menu Viewing Array Statistics You can view the current array statistics The following statistics are
120. t Definition Recommended Action ARRAY OFFLINE More thanonedriveinaRAID Replace the bad drive and restore 0 or volume set went down the data from backup bringing the array to an offline state This array is no longer accessible by the host VOLT TEMP The analog to digital convertor Check that the controller s fan is WARN monitored a temperature and or running Check that the ambient voltage in the warning range temperature is not too warm See Specifications on page 1 7 UNWRITABLE The SDRAM cache has battery Either determine which drives are CACHE backed up data and the arrays missing and reinstall them or assigned to this data are not select Yes when asked if you want present to discard this data SDRAM CORR A correctable single bit If this error occurs frequently ECC SDRAM ECC error replace the memory Errors Error events let you know that something related the enclosure controller or disk drives has failed and requires immediate attention Table 9 2 defines each error event and recommends the action you should take Table 9 2 Error events Event Definition Recommended Action VOLT TEMP The analog to digital Check that the controller s fan is FAIL convertor monitored a running Check that the ambient temperature and or voltage inthe temperature is not too warm See failure range Specifications on page 1 7 ENCLOSURE Enclosure specific general Check the status of the enclosure FAIL purpose IO trigger
121. t Expand d Aboj Number of Drives 1 Status Ver Expa enu Selection Help Select the number of drives to be added to the array The maximum number of drives that can be added depende on the array type and the number of available drives See the User s Guide for more information 5 Enter the number of drives you want to add and press Enter The Select Drives screen displays 4 19 G and K Series User s Guide 6 Press Enter The list of available drives screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator rysten Meni d tart Expan Select Drive lt s gt Ch 2 Id 12 2663MB IBM DORS 32168W R WAGA Available iX Ahnet a n Uiew Expand Status I Verify Function Expand Function i Menu Selection Help Select array drives Select the drives you want to add from the list of available drives and press Enter Only available drives that is drives that are not members of an array and are not assigned as a dedicated or pool spares display You select a drive by highlighting it and pressing Enter Each selected drive turns gray in the drive list After you press Enter for the number of drives you entered previously the system automatically begins the expansion To skip a drive use the or 4 keys Expansion begins and the percentage completed displays To return to the Array Menu press Esc To check the progress of the expansion you can use the expand status describe
122. t should look for an available drive by rescanning the bus Remember that rescanning the bus frequently can affect performance If you have a SEP the dynamic spare configuration will not rescan the bus The SEP will detect the new drive and tell the controller to rescan and the rescan rate you set here will not affect the system The system confirms the change Select Yes and press Enter Managing Spares Managing the Spare Pool The spare pool lets you have one or more disk drives available for the reconstruction of redundant arrays Mirrored RAID 1 and RAID 10 and Parity RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 and RAID 50 arrays Once you assign a drive to the spare pool it is not available for use as an array member or as a dedicated spare If a pool spare is too small smaller than an individual member in an array the controller cannot use it Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool You can add up to eight drives to the spare pool to reconstruct any critical array on the controller After an array has started using a pool spare other critical arrays are prevented from using it For a pool spare to be used it must be at least as large as the minimum drive size in the array To add a pool spare 1 From the System Menu select Pool Spare Menu and press Enter The Pool Spare Menu screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu Pool Spare Menu nu Add an Array Display Pool Spare Delete an Arr Add Pool Spare Poo
123. tatistics 5 14 Managing Spares Managing Dedicated Spares 6 1 Adding a Dedicated Spare 6 2 Deleting a Dedicated Spare 6 3 Enabling Dynamic Spares 6 3 Managing the Spare Pool 6 5 Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool 6 5 Deleting a Spare from the Spare Pool 6 6 Displaying the Spare Pool 6 7 Configuring the Controller Rebooting the Controller 7 1 Changing the Date and Time 7 2 Changing the Controller s LUN and SCSI Target ID or Fibre Channel Loop ID 7 4 Understanding LUNs 7 4 Changing the Controller s Target ID and LUN 7 6 Configuring the SCSI Channels 7 9 Working with LUN Zoning 7 11 Viewing Known WWNs 7 12 Creating Names Aliases for Server WWNs 7 14 G and K Series User s Guide vi Configuring LUN Zoning 7 15 Changing the Sample Rate 7 17 Changing the Alarm Mute Setting 7 18 Locking the Cache Setting 7 20 Enabling and Disabling the Battery 7 21 Changing the Utility Priority 7 22 Rescanning All Channels 7 23 Pausing I O 7 24 Restoring Default Settings 7 25 Upgrading Firmware 7 26 Upgrading the Controller s Firmware 7 26 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures Managing Disk Drives 8 1 Displaying Drive Information 8 2 Clearing Metadata from a Drive 8 4 Enabling and Disabling Write back Cache 8 5 Displaying Disk Cache Status 8 7 Enabling and Disabling SMART Changes 8 8 Blinking a Drive LED 8 9 Taking Down a Drive 8 10 Testing a Drive 8 11 Managing SAF TE Enclosures 8 11 Changing the SEP LUN 8 12 Changing the Ad
124. ter The New LUN screen displays 4 Enter the LUN you want to use and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter 4 21 G and K Series User s Guide Changing the Array Name You can change the name of the array This does not affect the target ID or LUN values of the array The controller does not allow you to change an array name when a utility is running To change the array name 1 5 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays Select Change Array Name and press Enter The Enter New Name screen displays Enter the name you want to use and press Enter You can use up to 35 characters You can include any characters in the name including spaces The system confirms that you want to make the change Select Yes and press Enter Trusting an Array You can use the Trust Array function to bring an array back online by resynchronizing the time and date stamp and any other metadata on a bad disk This makes the disk an active member of the array again You might need to do this when E One or more disks of an array start up more slowly or were powered on after the rest of the disks in the array This causes the date and time stamps to differ which the controller interprets as a problem with the late disks I
125. th an Uninterruptible Power Supply lt UPS gt 3 Select Write back Cache and press Enter The Write back Cache screen displays The current setting is marked with an next to it SEP Configu Disk Configura e Option Configuration Restore Defaults lenu Selection Help Select a global disk write back cache setting Enabling write back cache causes disk writes to complete before the data is written to the media This setting takes effect on a Rescan or controller reboot WARNING Enabling disk write back cache is NOT recommended unless your drive enclosure is equipped with an Uninterruptible Power Supply CUPS 4 Select the option you want and press Enter 5 Reboot or rescan to have your changes take effect See Rebooting the Controller on page 7 1 or Rescanning All Channels on page 7 23 8 6 Managing Disk Drives and Enclosures Displaying Disk Cache Status You can display cache status of each disk drive Any disk drives with write back cache enabled should be connected to a UPS in case of power failure If the drives are not on a UPS and power is lost during disk writes the array will lose any data in the disk s write back cache To display disk cache status 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Drive Utilities Menu and press Enter The Drive Utilities Menu screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array
126. the WWN for each server If you install a new controller the array s LUN zoning will remain The LUN zoning will also remain if you change the array s LUN Note Changes to LUN zoning take effect immediately therefore you should make changes that limit access to arrays when the arrays are not in use To set up LUN zoning 1 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays 2 Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays 7 15 G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select LUN Zoning and press Enter The LUN Exclude List or LUN Include List screen displays The default setting for each array LUN is Include All Hosts This results in all servers hosts being able to access all arrays You can change the list type using the Change Zone Type option See the next step i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu Add A rrayi Array Status Add Spare Drive Status rrayl Includes All Array Statistics Display Host List Abort Initializa Add Host to List Verify Function Remove Host from List Expand Function Change Zone Type Menu Selection Help You can include exclude either all hosts or a list of hosts Board Temp 72 F 22 C Tue Sep 19 16 21 44 2628 4 Select the option you want and press Enter Display Host List Displays a list of the servers hosts
127. the default chunk size for Windows NT and many other operating systems is 64 KB If you are using the array for a database with very small records you may want to use a smaller chunk size The system confirms that you want to create the array Select Yes and press Enter A message notifies you that the array is being created and shows the progress of the initialization process The array initialization process takes from several minutes to more than an hour depending on the array type volume RAID 0 and RAID 1 are the fastest array size drive speed and other processes running on the controller You can press Esc to return the Disk Array Administrator menus and perform other functions To check the progress of the array initialization select Array Menu from the System Menu The status of the initialization displays in the list of arrays If you find that you need to change the disks or some other array configuration you can stop the array initialization process See Stopping the Array Initialization Process on page 4 14 reboot the host system to see the new array NetWare v3 12 and higher can Note Most operating systems such as Windows NT 4 0 require you to recognize new devices by typing the command SCAN FOR NEW DEVICES at the console prompt Other operating systems might have similar features G and K Series User s Guide Managing Arrays The Disk Array Administrator software lets you manage your arrays in a v
128. the smallest member s capacity The backoff percentage is then backed off the capacity from that amount To change the backoff percentage 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Date Time Backoff Percent Host Configuration Utility Priority Channel Configuration Alarm Mute SEP Configuration New Sample Rate Disk Configuration Restore Defaults Option Configuration Arrow Keys or Hot Key Select menu item CTRL B Color toggle CTRL A ANSI UTI6 toggle CTRL H Help toggle CTRL E Next screen CTRL R Refresh terminal CTRL Z Esc Quit menu Board Temp 75 F 249 C Mon Dec 20 11 16 51 1999 2 Select Backoff Percent and press Enter The Backoff Percent screen displays 3 Enter the backoff percent you want to use and press Enter Enter the percentage as three digits in the following format 00 0 The default is 01 0 Host SCSI Channel Problems Problem The host SCSI BIOS scan displays Device name not available The controller is properly connected but no arrays have been created Use the Disk Array Administrator to create an array and reboot the host system Problem The host SCSI BIOS scan hangs Check that termination is set correctly in the Configuration Menu and the drive enclosure Check that the device ID set in the Disk Array Administrator does not G and K Series User s Guide con
129. tility screen 7 27 G Global Flags screen 8 16 Global Flags defined 8 14 H Hardware Information 5 9 Hardware Information screen 5 9 5 10 hardware information displaying 5 5 histogram viewing for reads and writes 5 11 host SCSI BIOS scan problems 9 3 9 4 hosts controlling access to arrays 7 15 giving names to 7 14 Hot Swap Pause 7 25 hot swapping 7 24 T O pausing 7 24 resuming 7 25 Include All Hosts 7 17 Include Listed Hosts 7 17 initial Disk Array Administrator screen 3 2 initialization process stopping for arrays 4 14 initiator ID changing 7 9 L LEDs blinking for disk drives 8 9 leftover drives clearing metadata from 8 4 log file capturing 5 4 viewing 5 1 Loop ID changing for controller 7 6 LUN screen 4 3 LUN zoning configuring 7 15 naming WWNs 7 14 overview 7 11 viewing known WWNs 7 12 LUNs changing for arrays 4 21 changing for controller 7 6 changing for SEPs 8 12 for arrays 7 5 for SEP 7 5 for the controller 7 5 understanding 7 4 Manage Host Names 7 12 7 14 Manage Host Names screen 7 12 menu tree 3 4 metadata clearing from disk drives 8 4 mirrored disks A 2 mixing disks on arrays A 6 motherboard 1 2 1 3 1 4 muting the controller alarm 7 18 N names changing for arrays 4 22 Index creating for WWNs 7 14 navigating in the Disk Array Administrator software 3 3 New LUN screen 4 21 New Sample Rate screen 7 17 Number of Drives screen 4 4 Number of Spares screen
130. ting arrays 4 1 customer support 9 1 D data status of verifying 4 16 stopping verify process 4 17 verifying 4 15 date setting 7 2 dedicated spares adding 6 2 defined 6 1 deleting 6 3 default settings restoring 7 25 Delete an Array 4 24 Delete Spare 6 3 deleting arrays 4 24 dedicated spares 6 3 pool spares 6 6 device SCSI channel problems 9 4 disk array A 1 Disk Array Administrator accessing 3 1 changing the screen display 3 4 initial screen 3 2 menu tree 3 4 navigating in 3 3 System Menu 3 3 Disk Configuration screen 8 6 disk drives blinking LED of 8 9 clearing metadata from 8 4 disabling SMART changes 8 8 disabling write back cache 8 5 displaying 8 2 displaying status 8 3 enabling SMART changes 8 8 enabling write back cache 8 5 maximum by array type 4 1 minimum by array type 4 1 taking down 8 10 testing 8 11 using disks from different manufacturers A 6 using disks with different capacities A 6 viewing cache status 8 7 viewing status of 4 13 Display Drive Cache 8 7 Display Drives screen 8 3 Display Host List 7 13 7 16 Display Host List screen 7 13 Index Display Pool Spares 6 7 displaying array status 4 8 cache status for disk drives 8 7 configuration information 5 5 disk drive status 8 3 disk drives 8 2 events 5 1 hardware information 5 5 pool spares 6 7 Down Drive 8 10 Drive Status 4 13 Drive Status screen 8 4 drives blinking LED of 8 9 clearing metadata from 8 4 disabling SMART changes 8 8
131. tion you can enable to support multiple LUNs If your operating system does not support multiple LUNs the host will only be able to see one array To create an array 1 From the System Menu select Add an Array and press Enter The Enter Array Name screen displays Chaparral Disk Array Administrator ystem Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu Add an Array Utilities Menu Delete an Array Event Log Menu Pool Spare Menu Shutdown Restart Display a ee Array ean enu Selection Help Enter array name 16 characters or less recommended gt Names longer than 16 characters may be truncated in certain displays Fri Oct 13 19 12 38 2000 Board Temp 1 2 F lt 39 C 2 Entera name for the array and press Enter You can use up to 35 characters You can include any characters in the name including spaces 4 2 Creating and Managing Arrays If you do not want to name the array you can just press Enter You can add or change the name later The LUN screen displays ystem Menu Array Menu dd an ArraySjuration Menu Add an Array LUN 61 es Menu Delete an Arra og Menu Pool Spare Menu n Restart Display Drives Menu Selection Help Select the LUN to be associated with the new array The first number in the selection list is the recommended LUN assignment Note If OU appears before a LUN it indicates the selection overlaps with a soft LUN Cprobably the bridge LUND An array created at the over
132. tistics summarized across all storage LUNs in the controller The histogram tells how many read and write operations of a certain size have been requested by the host You can use this display to tell the 1 0 size distribution of a particular host application Board Temp 72 F 22 C A A MODE Controller ABBA Fri Oct 26 15 49 11 2008 4 Press Esc to return to the Overall Statistics screen 5 13 G and K Series User s Guide Resetting Overall Statistics You can also reset all of the overall statistics back to zero You may want to reset the statistics if you are monitoring performance or doing benchmark testing Note Resetting statistics here also resets the statistics for each individual array See Viewing Array Statistics on page 4 10 To reset overall statistics 1 From the System Menu select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Overall Statistics and press Enter The Overall Statistics screen displays 3 Select Reset All Statistics and press Enter The system confirms that you want to make the change 4 Select Yes and press Enter The system confirms that the statistics have been cleared and returns to the Overall Statistics screen 5 14 Managing Spares Chaparral RAID controllers automatically reconstruct redundant fault tolerant arrays RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 RAID 50 and mirrored if an array becomes critical and a properly sized spare drive is avai
133. tline 0 77 inch max Z axis height without daughterboard 1 02 inch max Z axis height single daughterboard 376 pin backplane connector receptacle Daughterboard Form factor 4 0 x 2 19 inch max PCB board 0 54 inch typical Z axis height above top surface of motherboard PCB 100 pin surface mount connectors with 0 8 mm pin pitch 7 mm connector stack height Electrical G Series Table 1 2 shows the electrical specifications of the controllers Table 1 2 Electrical Specifications Item Specifications VCC 5 0 Vdc G5312 G7313 3 0A typical Ultra2 SCSI host 4 0A max Ultra2 SCSI host 4 0A typical FC host 5 0A max FC host A D Monitoring 3 5 to 6 5 Normal operation 4 825 Vdc to 5 325 Vdc gt 6 5 to lt 10 0 Degraded mode warning alert gt 4 67 Vdc to lt 5 5 Vdc G and K Series User s Guide Item Table 1 2 Electrical Specifications Continued Specifications 12V 12 Vdc lt 6 5 gt 10 0 Controller shutdown failure lt 4 67 Vdc 5 5 Vdc 0 6A max battery charging 0 1 A typical normal operation 0 2 A max normal operation A D Monitoring 10 0 normal operation 10 8 Vdc to 13 2 Vdc gt 10 Degraded mode warning alert 9 6 Vdc to 10 8 Vdc 13 2 Vdc to 14 4 Vdc gt 20 Controller shutdown failure lt 9 6 Vdc and gt 14 4 Vdc Environmental G Series Table 1 3 shows the environmental specifications of the controllers 1 8 Table 1 3 Environmenta
134. two Ultra2 SCSI disk channels Each disk channel is a separate SCSI bus The G7313 and K7313 offer all of the features of the G5312 and K5312 except that they support Fibre Channel FC connectivity single loop They each have one FC host and three Ultra2 SCSI disk channels Administrative software is embedded in firmware thus the G and K Series requires no specific software drivers for the host operating system About This Guide This User s Guide describes how to install and configure your Chaparral RAID controller It assumes that you are familiar with the basic functions of your computer system It also assumes that you are familiar with SCSI and Fibre Channel configurations and basic network administration terminology 1 1 G and K Series User s Guide Conventions This Guide uses several typographical conventions to help explain how to use the controller Convention Description Bold Words in bold indicate items to select such as menu items or command buttons CTRL R Keys you press simultaneously In this example hold down the Ctrl key and press the r key Notes give you important information that may affect how you decide to set up your system Cautions warn you about actions that may permanently delete data or cause damage to your system Product Features The following sections describe the features of the G and K Series RAID controllers Motherboard CPU Subsystem G Series E Am5 86 133 MHz proces
135. u select Utilities Menu and press Enter The Utilities Menu screen displays 2 Select Hot Swap Pause and press Enter The Bus Paused screen displays i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Menu Array Menu Configuration Menu Add an Array Utilities Menu Delete an Array Event Log Menu Pool Spare M Restart Display Driv BUS PAUSED EXIT to UnPause Menu Selection Help Host Swap Pause suspends activity on all drive channels used by the controller and must be used when you remove or replace any drives to assure data integrity CAUTION Do not pause the controller for too long because host I Os are halted and the host operating system may time out for example Windows NT has a 1 second 1 0 timeout limit 3 When you have replaced the drive resume SCSI bus activity by pressing Esc A Caution Do not stay in the Hot Swap Pause mode for too long otherwise an operating system time out may occur the time varies according to the operating system For example in Windows NT the default limitation during I O activity is 10 seconds Restoring Default Settings You can restore all of the controller s default settings You may want to do this if the controller is not working properly and you cannot determine why This lets you then change the settings that are critical to your configuration M Note Restoring defaults does not change any LUN zoning you have set up The zoning information is stored
136. ura Array Disk Configur Config Option Config Menu Selection Help Enabling Cache Lock prevents the host from changing the controller s NOT the disk s gt write back cache setting Normally the controller s write back cache is enabled since this greatly improves write performance The controller s cache has battery backup Cassuming the battery is installed so leaving controller write back cache enabled is recommended Board Temp 99 F lt 37 C Mon Oct 62 14 54 46 2000 4 Select the option you want and press Enter Enabling and Disabling the Battery If you are not using a battery in your controller the controller will sound an alarm To eliminate the alarm you can disable the battery The default setting is battery enabled Note You should only disable the battery if you are running the controller with an uninterruptable power supply UPS so that you will not lose power to the controller If you disable the battery the controller will not give any warnings nor will it disable the write back cache If you change this setting you must reboot the controller for the change to take effect To change the battery setting 1 From the System Menu select Configuration Menu and press Enter The Configuration Menu screen displays 2 Select Option Configuration and press Enter The Option Configuration screen displays 7 21 G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select Battery and press
137. value is used to identify L_Ports The value then becomes the last byte of the address identifier for each public L_Port on the loop Bus See Channel Channel A channel is a common physical path composed of wires or other media across which signals are sent from one part of a computer to another A channel is a means of transferring data between modules and adapters or between an adapter and SCSI devices A channel topology network consists of a single cable trunk that connects one workstation to the next in a daisy chain configuration All nodes share the same medium and only one node can broadcast messages at a time Fabric Fabric refers to a switched topology which is one of the three FC topologies Fabric elements which are responsible for frame routing interconnect various N_Ports or NL_ Ports Depending on vendor support fabric switches may be interconnected to support up to 16 million N_ Ports on a single network Fibre Fibre is a generic FC term that refers to all transmission media types specified in the FC Physical Layer standard FC PH such as optical fiber copper twisted pair and copper coaxial cable Fibre channel FC FC is a bidirectional point to point serial data channel structured for high performance capability In the physical sense an FC is an interconnection of multiple communication points called N_ Ports by a switching network fabric FC transports incoming data from devices by reading the buffer
138. y WWNs the list is empty Select Enter New Host to entera WWN i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator Set Da Host C 8009A Channe SEP Con Disk Configura es Option Configuration Restore Defaults enu Selection Help Select a known host from the list or select Enter New Host to add a host to the list of hosts that are known to the controller Board Temp 73 F 23 C gt Tue Sep 19 16 15 22 2628 7 14 Configuring the Controller Note If you have not manually assigned a WWN an alias the controller will attempt to give the WWN a default name The default name if available is the name of the manufacturer of the server s host bus adapter HBA enclosed in angle brackets For example a Qlogic HBA will have a default name of lt Qlogic gt 4 Select the WWN you want to name and press Enter The Enter Host Name screen displays 5 Enter the name alias you want and press Enter You can enter up to 16 characters You can use any combination of characters and spaces Configuring LUN Zoning Once you set up server host names aliases you can easily set up your LUN zoning This is where you determine which servers can access each array LUN You set up LUN zoning by either excluding or including servers on a list for each array LUN The list can include or exclude up to 16 specific servers or all servers for each array LUN The zoning information is stored as part of the array s metadata using
139. ys 3 Select Drive Status and press Enter 4 13 G and K Series User s Guide 4 The drive status screen displays showing the drives that are members of the array and that are assigned as dedicated spares i Chaparral Disk Array Administrator isplay Drives RS 32160W R WAGA Arrayi Memberi DORS 32166W R WAGA Arrayi Member2 DORS 32166W R WAGA Arrayi Member3 DORS 32160W R WAGA Available enu Selection Help Contains information about each drive connected to the controller The information displayed is Channel SCSI ID Size Manufacturer Model Number Firmware Revision Number and Status Use the 7 or J arrow keys to scroll through the drives These are the drives that are currently members of the array Press Esc to return to the Array Menu Stopping the Array Initialization Process If you find that you need to change the disks or some other array configuration you can stop the array initialization process After you stop the process the array is marked as offline and cannot be used You must delete the array before you can use the drives in another array To stop the array initialization process 1 4 14 From the System Menu select Array Menu and press Enter The Select Array screen displays with a list of existing arrays Select the array you want and press Enter The Array Menu screen displays Select Abort Initialization and press Enter The system confirms that you want to stop the initial
140. ys 3 Select Verify Function and press Enter The verify menu displays 4 Select Abort Verify and press Enter The system confirms that you want to stop the verification process 5 Select Yes and press Enter Reconstructing an Array The controller automatically reconstructs redundant arrays RAID 3 RAID 4 RAID 5 RAID 50 and mirrored if an array becomes critical and a properly sized spare drive is available An array becomes critical when one or more member drives fails If a reconstruct does not start automatically it means that no valid spares are available To start a reconstruct replace the failed drive and then add it as a spare see Adding a Dedicated Spare on page 6 2 and Enabling Dynamic Spares on page 6 3 or as a pool spare see Adding a Spare to the Spare Pool on page 6 5 Remember that any pool spares added might be used by any critical array not necessarily the array you want 4 17 G and K Series User s Guide Expanding Array Capacity You can expand array capacity without stopping I O activity so you can continue using the array while the expansion process runs You can only expand one array at a time Note Expanding an array here does not change the size of the host operating system partitions that reside on the array because our controller is working at the block level not the file system level of the operating system To use the new space you must create a new partition using the newly added space
141. ys Select Set Date Time and press Enter The Set Date Time screen displays G and K Series User s Guide 3 Select Set Time and press Enter The Set Time screen displays Set Date Time gt Set Date Time c Host Configur et Time y Channel Confi 14 44 02 SEP Configura Disk Configura s Option Configuration Manage Host Names Menu Selection Help Set current system time of day 4 Enter the time you want and press Enter Enter the time in the following format hh mm ss The system confirms that you want to make the change 5 Select Yes and press Enter to make the changes The system confirms that the changes are made 6 Press Ese to return to the Configuration Menu Changing the Controller s LUN and SCSI Target ID or Fibre Channel Loop ID You can change the SCSI target ID or the Fibre Channel Loop ID and the LUN that the controller uses on the host bus Understanding LUNs The RAID controller supports up to eight SCSI Logical Unit Numbers LUNs that are numbered zero through seven There are three different types of LUNs controller SEP and Array These LUNs have the following characteristics 7 4 Configuring the Controller E Controller LUN You only need to assign a controller LUN if you are using the Configuration Application Program Interface CAPI to configure the controller over a host channel via SCSI protocol extensions If you are not using CAPI you can

Chaparral G5312/G7313 Network Card User Manual

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