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1. Zi Mag 12 773512594427581 Ohm X1 a Ohm Fig 14 Example of a feeder s data The circuit data import process is performed by the circuit importer in PPST As stated previously the data sources are a number of files copied from in LiveLink as listed in Section 8 4 Each file contains a specific part of the network data To build a network database containing all the information of the network references across multiple data files need to be made For example a feeder is normally connected to two nodes The feeder data is stored in one file while the fault levels data of the nodes are stored in other files The circuit importer needs to find the feeder data in one file identify the nodes it is connected to and find corresponding fault level data in other files This process is achieved through the unique identifiers i e the name of the network elements defined by NG The detailed requirements of the naming conventions are provided in DH 28 7 An example is given in Fig 15 In the file name Branches the data of the feeder GREN4 STAY4 1 can be retrieved Using the name of the feeder the circuit data importer is thus capable of identifying the fault contribution of the feeder to the node GREN417 from the file Fault Levels GREN41 COTT4 GREN4 1 GREN4SGT 1 GREN4SGT 2 GREN4 SGT 3 ElmTr3 GREN4SGT 4 ElmTr3 GREN4SGT5 ElmBranch GREN4 STAY4 1 A443 Sy ElmBranch GREN4 SUND4 1 A486
2. B REN4 SUN D4 AAS ElmBranch ElmTr3 ElmTr3 ElmTr3 Branches GREN4 SUND4 2 z Transformers Fig 15 Retrieving circuit data from various files using network elements unique names This means that the circuit data recorded needs to strictly conform to the requirements as specified in DH 28 for the circuit data importer to correctly retrieve the whole network data Unfortunately in the existing files not all the data has been recorded in the required format Fig 16 shows an example where network elements are not properly recorded and consequently the data failed to be correctly recognised The issue should not be a major problem as according to NG the quality of the circuit data recording will improve over time Circuit Data x Little Barford 400kV Fault Levels LITB41 ElmBranch ElmLne ElmLne ElmLne Not properly Lack of named NASAP Code Not able to find the relevant data Branches Fig 16 Examples of components that are not properly recorded 4 Rule based validation module The RB validation module can be accessed through the Rule based Validation button in the button panel or the RB button on the menu bar in the workstation It is important to note that only the relay models listed in Section 8 2 have been supported with the RB validation function Other relay types are presently only supported with paring function to interpret settings data from original settin
3. PPST pu RB SGT SVC SWIG TXT XRIO Application Programming Interface Comma Separated Value Dynamic Link Library Graphical User Interface High Voltage Integrated Development Environment Intelligent Electronic Device Java ARchive Java Runtime Environment Low Voltage Model Based Medium Voltage Not Applicable National Grid PowerFactory Power system Protection Smart Tool Per unit Rule Based Super Grid Transformer Static Var Compensator Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator Text eXtended Relay Interface by OMICRON 1 Introduction Power system Protection Smart Tool PPST is an intelligent system for automatic protection settings validation It has been developed under the NG sponsored project entitled Design of a Smart Tool for Detecting Hidden Errors in Protection Setting Files to cater for the challenges associated with the assessment of protection settings validity resulted from the large number and variety of settings in numeric IEDs and the increasing network complexity PPST utilises Rule based RB and Model based MB reasoning techniques and is capable of performing a comprehensive analysis of protection settings while being highly automatic This manual provides a step by step guidance on the setup and the application of the system to perform error detection in protection settings files Section 2 provides an overview of PPST which includes an introduction of the overall system structure the
4. 1 Project basic information the users need to provide a name for the project and the directory where the project will be saved The name has to be unique in the destination folder to avoid overwriting any existing projects The setting file to be validated is selected through the Import button 2 Protected equipment selection in this panel the user needs to specify the equipment that is protected by the targeted relay that is associated with the setting file to be validated As stated previously PPST imports the whole network s data from the supplied circuit data files When the import process is completed theoretically all the equipment in the network and their data should be stored in the system s network database and ready for use The users can choose the targeted equipment through the search function using the equipment s name Alternatively the users can firstly find the substation and the node where equipment is installed and a smaller set of equipment will be filtered out and populated from which the protected equipment can be found In practice some equipment information may not be available More details regarding the circuit data import issue are discussed in Section 3 3 3 Supported relay types a list of relay types supported by PPST is provided and the users are required to choose the appropriate one from the list Section 8 1 provides a list of relay types and file formats that PPST s parsers support A subset of
5. 2 false ModelNumber P443 18F3 0330J z Setting Group3 false Firmware P443 __3__330_A Project Equipment B Setting Group 4 false SerialNumber D Distance DEF Bi Delta Dir Bi Overcurrent B Neg Seq OC C Earth Fault Res OVNVD Cy Volt Protection C CB Fail B Supervision D System Check Auto Reclose G Setting Value B Direct Access true false true true false true false true false true false false Secondary_Value true O InterMicom false InterMicom 64 true Main vT primary 396000 0 B Main VT secondary 110 0 C CS VT primary 396000 0 CSVT secondary 110 0 mi m a lncludeReadOnly 0 lncludeHidden 1 0001 Language 50 0 English 0 English 41 Fran ais as 2 Deutsch 3 Espa ol 0003 Sys Fn Links 20 0 4 4 4 0 Trip LED S Reset 0004 Description 18 GREN_SUND2_v7 0 255 1 0005 Plant Reference 18 MiCOM P443 103 0 255 1 0009 Frequency 24 50 Hz 50 60 10 0701 CB Control by 50 0 Disabled arias aes roan E 0 Disabled Local Remote Local Remote Opto r5 OptoHocal Opto Remote Opto Rem ocal Pidggednid Name Alstom P443 No Error Relay Type Alstom_P443 Scheme SM_DIS Substation Grendon Equipment GREN4 SUND4 2 VT Ratio 396000 0
6. Node Voltage Level 400 kv Node Type Code Substation Fault Level 1 Phase 37 904 kA Fault Level 3 Phase 33 026 kA Fig 28 Create a new node 5 1 4 Creating new power system models PPST also supports the creation of customised network models This means the circuit data as stored in the network database will not be used Instead all the data will be entered by the user manually To create a new network model click Create new model on the power system model definition window as shown in Fig 23 and Fig 24 A dialogue will be invoked as shown in Fig 29 for the users to determine the model type to be created i e either simplified model or advanced model The simplified and advanced models contain different level of details of the network as explained earlier in Section 5 1 2 Choose a model type to create Simplified network model Advanced network model Cancel Fig 29 Selection of network model type to be created If a simplified model option is selected a model definition dialogue will be invoked as shown in Fig 30 For the local and remote nodes the users need to specify the name voltage level and 1 phase and 3 phase fault levels For the creation of the protected equipment click the Protected Equipment toggle button and fill in the required information as shown in Fig 31 Presently only the creation of new feeders is supported in this version of PPST Protected Equipmen
7. O oyim maer Spanos ing re ema Alstom P643 P643 2AE6 0020K XRIO Alstom P842 P842 16A1 0040B XRIO B30 CO00 HCH F8C H6N Alstom P545 P545 16A57020 G TXT CSV D60 G00 HCH F8F H6U GE D60 Eno L90 G00 HCH F8F H6U GE L90 L6R N6U W76 CSV The model numbers are only required for the parsing of CSV files The use of CSV and XRIO files is recommended since they are automatically generated by the manufacturers software and contain the complete set of data It is important to note that no manual changes should be made to the generated CSV and XRIO files otherwise the parser may not work properly TXT files are manually created and only contain a subset of the settings The content of these files may also vary significantly so it is highly recommended that not to use TXT files as the data sources except for Alstom MCGG22 which only has TXT files 8 2 Appendix B Relay models that are equipped with rule based and model based validation functions Relay Type Alstom P443 P443 18F370330J Alstom P545 P545 16A5 020 G Alstom MCGG22 8 3 Appendix C List of pre configured projects Alstom_P443_No_Error ppst Alstom_P443_With_Errors ppst For the demonstration of protection setting validation Alstom_P545_No_Error ppst functionalities including the parsing of data RB and MB Alstom_P545_With_Error ppst validation More information can be found in the guidance file in ASOM MG OSE ee No Error ppst the same folder of the proj
8. Step Choose a mode Fault Event List Add Denna User define Auto test functions Cancel Fig 37 Automatic fault event generation function 4 Fault event list the list contains the defined fault events A fault event can be added or remove through the Add and Remove buttons respectively 5 3 Model based validation results When the power system model and the fault events have been defined PPST is ready to start MB simulation to test the relay response to the various defined events Once the simulation starts the MB console will continually display the details of the on going simulation process Fig 38 shows the view of the MB module interface when the simulation is completed The fault locations are indicated by fault icons on the R X diagram It is important to note that the marked locations indicate where the faults are applied rather than the faults seen by the relay When the simulation is completed click the Show Result button and the simulation result window will be invoked as shown in Fig 39 Different relays may have slightly different views to present the results However they all mainly contain the following components 1 Fault events list the list of defined fault events By selecting any of the events the window will be updated to display the corresponding simulation results 2 Fault event details the panel contains the summary of the selected fault event 3 Summary of results th
9. The report can be exported to TXT files for documentation purposes e Export Result export the detailed report to a TXT file e Exit exit the RB module ens M MAR Y424484 884888 e ee otal Number of Parameter 159 Number of Correct Settings 150 Number of Warnings 150 Number of Errors 6 RRRRRRRRRRREEE Di re cti Oo n RRR Policy required if applicable Reverse Details oneP_ph Direction should be set as reverse Result Type Warning urrently set 17 442 Policy required if applicable 22 101600975915108 Details one3_ph Resistive Reach is settoo small E ne Reach Result Type Warning urrently set 15 552000000000001 Policy required if applicable 19 160268891641373 Details one2_ph Zone Reach is not set 150 of Z1 ee ea oe Result Type Error urrently set 15 552000000000001 Policy required if applicable 15 966890743034476 Details one2_ph Zone Reach is set under 125 of Z1 Fig 20 Detailed report of the RB validation results 5 Model based validation module The MB validation module can be accessed through the Model based Validation button in the button panel at the bottom right corner of the workstation or the Model based module button in the menu bar It is important to note that only the relay models listed in Section 8 2 have been supported with the MB validation function Other relay types are presently only supported with paring function to interpret settings data from original setting fi
10. installation prerequisites and the basic steps required to get started Section 3 describes a number of auxiliary functions provided by PPST to assist the protection settings analysis e g the parsing module the network database and the graphical analysis toolkit Section 4 and 5 provide detailed introduction to the RB and MB modules which are the main elements in PPST The methodologies and theory behind the system will be discussed in a separate document PhD thesis Additionally recommendations on the software packages to be used for maintenance or further development purposes will be given PPST is a research prototype aiming at the investigation of methodologies suitable for the protection settings validation and demonstrating the concepts through a number of selected relay types and certain network structures Further tests and refinements are required to fully embed the tool into NG s practical process 2 Overview 2 1 Structure of PPST PPST as shown in Fig 1 contains the following main components network database parsing module graphical analysis toolkit RB module and MB module Circuit Data i aaa ia Network Analysis Toolkit a i I Fault Levels Branches Transformers Reasoning l Parsing ad Setting Files mpl fa n SE SE SE SE SE SE Se M Others Fig 1 Structure of PPST The circuit data and setting files can be automatically imported to PPST by network database and parsing module r
11. or newer versions 2 for the creation of DLL files used in MB module to interact with PF s functions e SWIG 8 for generation of the code required to interface the MB module and PF s functions e Drools 4 a rules management system with RB engine used in the RB module 2 3 Software Installation The software is supplied with an executable JAR file SmartTooljar and the folder SmartToof that contains the necessary files and dependencies for the application to run The folder named SmartTool contains the following sub folders e CircuitData the folder contains a number of files that store circuit data such as for transmission lines data fault levels etc These files are copied from circuit data folder in LiveLink The full list of the files is provided in Section 8 4 e Material this folder stores the files mainly icons and images that will used by the program during runtime e Model_based module there are two files in this folder ApiExample dl l and MB_Stage pfd ApiExample dl is needed for the interface and interaction with PF functions MB _Stage pfd is a pre configured PF file with necessary information and libraries for the program to run such as relay model libraries e NG Rule Path the folder contains a file that specifies the paths where the RB validation rule files are stored The file can be updated when new rule files are added or the existing rules locations are changed e Parsing Rule Path
12. side e g for substation the information contains the available nodes installed equipment etc Fig 10 shows an example where a feeder is selected with its information displayed on the right hand side Circuit Element List Basic Information Feeder_DRAK4 RATS4 1 Feeder_BUST2 DRAK2 1 GREN4 SUND4 1 Feeder_BESW2 COVE2 2 Feeder_BESW2 COVE2 1 Length Feeder_IRON4 PENN4 2 Feeder_SHRE4A SHRE4 1 Feeder_BESW2 OCKH2 1 Feeder_COVE2 NECH2 1 Feeder_ENDE4 RATS4 1 Feeder_ENDE4 PAFB4B 2 Feeder_ECLA4 PAFB4B 2 Feeder_COT T4 STAY4 2 Feeder_GREN4 STAY4 1 Feeder_GREN4 SUND4 1 Feeder_GREN4 SUND4 2 Bi gren Search Substation List Equipment List Fig 10 Network database user interface with a feeder information displayed The following steps can be used to access a specific element in the network Substations select the Substation List option from the radio button group at the bottom of network database window and use the search field provided to search the substation using its name When the substation is found on the list double click on the substation name will open a window with detailed substation information as shown in Fig 11 A table containing the equipment installed in the substation is provided on the left and a list of available nodes is presented on the right Name Grendon Equipement Name ______ EquipmentType Substation Nodes GREN4 STAY4 1 FEEDER GREN4 SUND4 1 FEEDER GRE
13. 38 MB module with the reasoning process completed Fault Event Fault Event2 Fault Event3 Name Fault Equipment Rf Xf Fault Type Location 2 Element Time zone1_ph zone2_ph zone3_ph zone4_ph zoneP_ph zone1_gnd zone2_gnd zone3_gnd zone4_gnd zoneP_gnd 9999 999 9999 999 9999 999 9999 999 9999 999 9999 999 3 Fault Event GREN4 SUND4 2 0 0 Oh 0 0 Oh Single_Ph_GND 85 0 Fig 39 MB results for Alstom P443 9999 999 9999 999 0 5099999997764826 1 0099999997764826 Detail Results AlstomP443_MB_Result Z1_Ph_Ttotal 0 0 Z1_Ph_a_ang 0 0 Z1_Ph_b_ang 0 0 Z1_Ph_c_ang 0 0 Z1_Ph_n_ang 0 0 Z1_ph_a_trip false Z1_ph_b trip faise Z1_ph_c_trip false 21_ph_n_trip false 21_ph_y_out 9999 999 Z1_Ph_la_real 0 0 Z1_Ph_la_im 0 0 i21_Ph_ib_real 0 0 Z1_Ph_ib_im 0 0 Z1_Ph_ic_real 0 0 Z1_Ph_ic_im 0 0 Z1_Ph_Ua_real 0 0 Z1_Ph_Ua_im 0 0 Z1_Ph_Ub_real 0 0 2Z1_Ph_Ub_im 0 0 Z1_Ph_Uc_real 0 0 Z1_Ph_Uc_im 0 0 Z1_Ph_y_A 0 0 Z1_Ph_y_B 0 0 Z1_Ph_y_C 0 0 Z1_Ph_y_out 0 0 ma 4 ll pi 6 Summary This manual has provided a step by step guidance on the setup and the application of the intelligent tool PPST to perform error detection in protection settings files PPST is equipped with a RB and a MB module for the analysis and validation of protection settings Protection settings data from setting files in a number of supported formats are interpreted by the parsing mo
14. N12 GREN4 SUND4 2 FEEDER GREN41 COTT4 GREN4 1 FEEDER IGREN4 SGT 1 TRANSFORMER GREN4 SGT 2 TRANSFORMER GREN4 SGT 3 TRANSFORMER IGREN4 SGT 4 TRANSFORMER GREN4 SGT 5 TRANSFORMER MSC1C SHUNT_REACTOR IMSC1B SHUNT_REACTOR IMSC1A ISHUNT_REACTOR IMSCE ISHUNT_REACTOR IMSC4 SHUNT_REACTOR IMSC 3 SHUNT_REACTOR IMSC 5 SHUNT_REACTOR 13KV SH REAC 1 SHUNT_REACTOR Fig 11 Substation data user interface Node The easiest way to access node data is to find the substation that the node belongs to and then choose the node from its node list It is also possible to get the node data through the equipment that is connected to the node The details will be introduced later on in this section An example of the node data is given in Fig 12 On the left hand side the fault levels from NG s fault level survey are displayed According to DHO08 for protection settings calculation transient fault current should be used as for determining Summer Minim Fault Levels while sub transient fault current should be used for determining Winter Peak Fault Levels The required data are extracted and displayed on the fault level panel in the node data window By clicking the buttons highlighted in red detailed information about the fault contributions from the connected equipment can be viewed shown in Fig 13 On the right hand side a list of equipment that is connected to the node is provided The panel marked i
15. Power System Protection Smart Tool Prototype User Manual nationalgrid Strathclyde Glasgow Qiteng Hong hong strath ac uk Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Contents NOS SAU tees aces cs teas sinc E A A A E 2 Te WU OCU CHOI 5 yee cee ties E E E EEE E E E E E 3 PE D a EE E EE E a ee EE NEET E 4 2 1 Structure OF PPST ccc ccccceececseeeeceeceeeeeeeseeeessaeeeseusessaeeeseueeseaeessaeeessneesseeeesanees 4 2 2 System DI CKCOUISN SS wseccisharcsercedesncrosialeeaiewedons anecelaseiwendanmtncalwanincnkosnieceinentexebasaceseleseineed 4 PS SOMV RS NS O a E E E EE 5 2A RUMIN PEO T rarere EEE E EEE 6 2 5 Creation and importing of PrOjeCts cccccccecccseecceeeeseeeeeeeeseeeeseeeseueeseeeeseeeseueeseesaes 8 S AAC O a Losaentennsaeasilmacesseeaaunaahoueunnesennskboueuncines 10 31 Parsing WMOCUIC ac crcndsncdsandotnesupcantecustetiedoend secdaandetecicndeudscuseeMedocnddeadaende ecececcesdcesdehindees 10 32 ge le al r2 elie NV clioet 6 6 aan oe E eee E eee eee ee ee 10 33 1418 1 4 02 10 8c 2 gt ee AEE ee eee 11 4 Rule based validation module ccccccseccceeecceeeeeeeeceeeeseeeeeeeeseueeseeeseueesaeeeseeeseeeeseeeeaes 17 5 Model based validation MOUIC cccccccccsecccseecceecceuccceeeccececeueeseeessusesseeseueessueeneeesees 20 5 1 Power system model definition cccccccecccsececeeeeseeeeeeeeseeeeseeeseeeseeeeseeeseeesseesaeee
16. V 110 0 V CT Ratio 2000 0 A 1 0 A Setting File C DIgSILENT pf150 SmartTool Console Did not find the substation that node WORT32 belongs to Did not find the substation that node WREX1A belongs to Did not find the substation that node WREX31 belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG1A belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG1B belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG31 belongs to g Did not find the substation that node YARN11 belongs to Did not find the substation that node YARN1B belongs to Did not find the substation that node YARN1A belongs to am Did not find the substation that node YARN31 belongs to ag Did not find the substation that node YEOV11 belongs to Did not find the substation that node YEOV31 belongs to Nid nnt Fig 6 The workstation with the project information View Substation Layout View Characteristic Network Data Rule Based Validation Model Based Validation Exit An existing project can be imported to PPST through the following two alternative ways 1 File gt Import gt choose the existing project from the file system 2 Click from the menu bar and choose the existing project from the file system When a project is created or imported PPST is ready for further analysis 3 Auxiliary functions 3 1 Parsing module The parsing module contains a number of parsers that are capabl
17. an earth fault at the remote end of the feeder with a fault infeed of 63 kA at 400 kV As shown in Fig 8 for an earth fault at remote end with 63 kA infeed the fault current can be calculated and the corresponding operating time can be adopted from the graph In this case the fault current is around 21 1 kA and the operating time is around 1 02 s which is normally acceptable Relay Alstom MCGG22 OverCurrent Diagr w Log Log w FL Calculation Fault injection 63 Equipment HIGM4 WBURG4 1 Fault at remote end Fig 8 Analysis of back up earth fault protection function 3 3 Network database PPST imports the whole network s data from a number of circuit data files copied from LiveLink to build a network database during runtime so that the circuit data is available for further analysis This avoids the step of manually entering the circuit data which is time consuming and subject to human error The import process is automatic and the circuit data can be easily updated by updating or replacing the circuit data files The PPST s network database can also be used as an auxiliary tool to access and manage the whole network data The elements in the network database can be categorised into three main types e Substation a substation element is analogue to an actual substation in the actual network which may contain several voltage levels busbars and a number of electrical equipment e Node a node represents a b
18. belongs to Did not find the substation that node YARN11 belongs to Did not find the substation that node YARN1B belongs to Rule Based Validation Did not find the substation that node YARN1A belongs to we Did not find the substation that node YARN31 belongs to Model Based Validation Did not find the substation that node YEOV11 belongs to f Did not find the substation that node YEOV31 belongs to ie Exit View Substation Layout View Characteristic Network Data Fig 4 The workstation of PPST The workstation is where key information is displayed and the interface to access PPST s main functions It mainly contains the following components the numbering corresponds to the components marked on Fig 4 1 Main Port the main display port through which the original setting file parsed protection settings data and substation running arrangements can be viewed 2 Menu bar the shortcuts to PPST s main functions such as RB and MB modules graphical analysis toolkit and network database The Help button provides the access to a number of associated documents e g the user manual setting policy file PS T 010 etc 3 Console the component that displays the information of background process e g any errors or warnings during the circuit data import process will be printed in the console 4 Information panel the panel contains the main information about the project such as the project name the saved directory the prot
19. definition panel can be accessed through the Define Fault Event button in the MB module window as shown in Fig 21 Name Fault Event Fault Type Single_Ph_GND Rf 0 Ohm Xf 0 Ohm Equipment Choose a mode Fault Event List Add to list User define O Auto test functions Cancel L Fig 34 Fault events definition user interface The fault event definition panel is shown in Fig 34 which contains the following components 1 Fault type definition the users need to specify the name of the event the fault type e g single phase to ground fault and the fault resistance and reactance Abbreviations are used to describe the fault types in the drop down list Description of these abbreviations are listed in Table 3 Table 3 Descriptions of various fault types Single_Ph_GND Single phase to ground Two Ph SC 2 phase short circuit Two_Ph_Gnd 2 phase to ground Three Ph_SC 3 phase short circuit 2 Equipment selection choose the equipment to apply the fault to and define the fault location The equipment selection window as shown in Fig 35 provides a list of equipment available in the network model to apply the fault to When the equipment is selected the fault event window will be updated as shown in Fig 36 to allow the users to choose the fault location L T Choose Fault Equi ace Circuit Element List Basic Information Feeder_GREN4 SUND4 2 Feeder_ELST4B SUND4 2 Name GREN4 SUND4 2 E
20. dule The network database is provided to facilitate the access and manipulation of circuit data The graphical analysis toolkit offers graphical interpretation of protection characteristics and analysis functions tailored to NG s policies which provide useful support for the validation of protection settings The existing version of PPST has been designed and implemented to adhere to the original project proposal and the feedbacks from the end users Potential future developments to further enhance the capability of the tool have been identified and can be summarised as follows e Capability to validate multiple relay settings i e protection scheme including comprehensive coordination check e Further plausibility checks with rules extracted from experts knowledge e Implementation of rules for a wide range of system topologies and conditions e Investigation of exploiting full system model to test the system wide area effects of the protection operation e Automatic testing functions in MB module e g testing for coordination with LV DNO protection across a transformer boundary distance protection zone boundaries partially implanted in the existing version etc e Functionality to embed the policy so that any identified error can be linked to specific items in the policy documents e Functionality to export parsed settings to text files for documentation purposes This would avoid labour intensive and prone to human error manual crea
21. e of interpreting protection setting files and extracting the settings values further validation The details of the relay types and file formats supported by PPST s parsers are provided in Section 8 1 The parsing process is performed automatically during the creation or import of a project No action is needed from the user The detailed methodology used for the settings data parsing will be described in a separate document PhD thesis 3 2 Graphical analysis toolkit The graphical analysis toolkit provides graphical interpretation of protection characteristics and a number of analysis functions tailored to NG s policies The toolkit can be accessed from the View Characteristic button in the workstation Fig 7 shows an example of the characteristics of an Alstom P443 relay 5 where distance protection zones and the protected transmission line can be clearly viewed Through the drop down lists on the top left corner characteristics of other available protection elements can be displayed Relay Alstom P443 EESE Distance v Phase Zones v iy Load Encroachment oi V kv 400 Transmission Load encroachment I A 6800 30 35 40 45 50 margin Angle deg Margin 20 Update w Ol O j Al WV rt O 74 a U 1 pn a xX O 4 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 Ww O w R Ohm Fig 7 Analysis of Alstom P443 characteristics using the graphical t
22. e table contains a summary of the simulation results of the key elements in the relay The main information includes the tripping status and the operating time of each element If an element does not trip the tripping time will be 9999 999 s which is the way PF presents operating time in non trip situations 4 Detailed results the panel contains more details of the results A list of more relevant parameters and their values from the simulation is presented For the interpretation of the detailed results please refer to the PF user manual 10 DigSILENT PF Engine Fault List Equipment Data GREN4 SUND4 2 FEEDER Grendon Distonce Prase ones C Load Encroachment O 1 x Ohm 1 ul 7 D wo R Ohm reating Api Api created An Api instance has been created reating Application App created Looking for specified user User found Setting up project Project activated Project Ready net_model found More Details inet_data found DigSILENT User Name mib11166 DigSILENT Password System Model rid found Preparing power system model Power system model has been setup Previous use model is null Default simple model System model Ready Setting up Relay Searching targeted cubbicle Invoke PF Adding VT Release API Simulate ubbicle found Adding CT T Added oO i Fig
23. ected equipment data etc 5 Button panel a group of buttons for accessing PPST s main functions such as RB and MB modules graphical analysis toolkit and network database 2 5 Creation and importing of projects PPST manages the setting validation tasks through projects To start a new validation task a new project needs to be created This can be achieved through the following steps in the workstation File gt New gt Project A dialogue named Project Wizard will be invoked in which the details of the project need to be specified Search Substation Feeder_bra_ABNE1R_BUMU1G_1 i an Directory pf150 SmartTool Projects Browse Feeder_bre_AIGA1Q_KIOR1Q_1 Feeder_bra_ALNE1Q_MOTA1Q_1 Node Feeder_bra_ALNEIR_MOTAI1R_1 Setting File Import Feeder_bra_ARBRIR_TEAL1 _1 Feeder_bra BEAU1 CULLIQ 1 Feeder_bra_BEAU1K_KIOR1Q_1 1 Feeder_bra_BEAU2 _FASN2 _1 1 Feeder_bra_BEAU2K STRW20_ 2 Equip Type Feeder_bra_BEAU4 _FAUG4 _1 1 Feeder_bra_TEAL1 _BIHI1Q_ 1 Feeder_bra_TEAL1 _BIHI1R_1 Relay Type Protection functions ABB_REL670 ABB_RED670 ABB_REC670 SIEMENS _7SA522 SIEMENS _7SD522 Alstom_P443 Second Main Distance Protection Alstom_MCGG22E Alstom_P545 GE_D60 Backup Earth Fault Overcurrent 3 First Main Differential Protection Backup Phase Overcurrent 4 Fig 5 Project wizard dialogue As shown in Fig 5 there are four main components in the project wizard dialogue
24. ects Alstom_MCGG22E_With_Error ppst ABB_RED6 70 _Parsing ppst ABB_REL670 _Parsing ppst Alstom_P142_ Parsing ppst Alstom _P143_Parsing ppst For the demonstration of data parsing function only i e the RB Alstom_P643_Parsing ppst and MB validation functions for these relay types have not been Alstom_P842_Parsing ppst available yet GE_B30 _Parsing ppst GE_D60_Parsing ppst GE_L90_Parsing ppst 8 4 Appendix D Circuit data files used for populating the network database a ElmShnt xls Shunt compensation equipment data reactors and capacitors Note The substation list contains the names and the associated 4 letter codes of the substations in the whole network It is adopted from the file ETYS 2012 Appendix_B System Data xls in NG s 10 Year Statement The information of the circuit breaker as recorded in ElmCoup xls is not imported to the system since the data is not directly relevant to the protection settings calculation and validation 8 5 Appendix E Details of network elements Table 4 Substation Parameter unt ats Name of the substation A 4 letter unique identifier for the substation Equipment list A list of equipment that are installed in the substation Node list A list of nodes that are available in the substation Table 5 Node Name NA Name ofthe node of the node Code A unique identifier for the node e g GREN41 Normally it is the same as the node s name Substation The substation t
25. ed to a function block are provided in Table 2 Fig 18 shows a screenshot of the RB module with the validation results when the validation process is finished 3 Error message panel this panel displays short messages of errors and warnings identified during the validation process By clicking on any message on the list a detailed message window will be opened as shown in Fig 19 which provides more information on the identified errors or warnings along with the recommendations on changes In the future a useful View Policy function can be developed to directly access the relevant policies that the setting violates 4 Validation results summary in this panel a summary of the validation results is given such as the total number of settings validated identified errors warnings etc Table 1 Indicators to represent various validation results lt OQO Correct The setting conforms to rules O Warning The setting is acceptable but may be optimised Error The setting contains error s and actions must be taken Not validated The setting has not been validated by any rules Table 2 Assignment of indicators to function blocks The settings in the function block the children settings are all correct O There is at least one child setting with warning U status but no error identified At least one error identified in the children settings Not validated Prameter Name Verification Result Summary of Verication R
26. els To edit the existing models select the model to be edited on the model list and press Edit model button on the power system model definition window as shown in Fig 23 and Fig 24 after which the power system model panel will become editable The users can change the data of the existing model in appropriate fields For advanced network models the users can also choose to add or remove equipment from the adjacent circuit equipment list Fig 27 shows the interface to create a new feeder where the users need to supply the feeder details such as length positive sequence resistance etc The new equipment is either connected to the local node or the remote node of the protected equipment Therefore one of their nodes has been confirmed i e either the local node or the remote node of the protected equipment and the other node need to be defined by the users Click the add button and an interface for the node creation will be invoked as shown in Fig 28 In addition to the name of the node the users also need to provide the voltage level 1 phase and 3 phase fault levels When finishing editing the model press the Edit model toggle button The users will be asked whether to save the edited model If Yes option is chosen the edited model will be saved to the model list as a new network model Otherwise the network is not saved and all the changes are permanently lost Fig 27 Create a new feeder Name New
27. er Substation The substation where the transformer is installed The nodes that the transformer is connected to For a Node N A aye 3 winding transformer there are 3 associated nodes HV rated Abaren bower MVA Rated apparent power on HV side MV rated apparent power Rated apparent power on MV side a D OD ream e on Geo Table 9 Series reactor Parameter unt SSCs ee eee ae ease fm Rated apparent power of the series reactor aa a ee une e Table 10 SVC Parameter Unit ais N A Name of the SVC Substation N A The substation where the SVC is installed Controlled node N A Qr_limit Rated reactive power limit Qc limit Rated capacitive power limit Qr Rated reactive power Droop Table 11 Generator unit Name N A Name of the generator unit Substation N A The substation that the unit is connected to Bus type N A The bus type with value of PQ or PV Te station hatte anti connected io The us ye wiv or Poor Pv Postive sequere vansert acanoe Zero sequence resisanee Zero sequence reacia Xds puin Positive sequence transient reactance O RO puin Zero sequence resistance puin Zero sequence reactance Table 12 Load Parameter on o N A Name of the load ese poner O o we reneo FC_sub_tran MVA Total sub transient fault contribution FC_tran MVA Total transient fault contribution
28. espectively The RB module checks the correctness and suitability of protection settings using predefined rules extracted from NG s setting policies and experts knowledge The MB module uses power system models and relay models and validates the protection settings by simulating various faults in the network model to test the protection relay response The MB module provides a further means of settings validation and thus enhances the reliability of the validation results The graphical analysis toolkit reconstructs the protection characteristics and provides an auxiliary way of analysing the protection settings Comprehensive results are provided after the reasoning process which can be exported for documentation purposes More details on these components in PPST will be discussed in Sections 3 to 5 2 2 System prerequisites To run PPST the following prerequisites must be satisfied e Operation system Windows 7 e DigSILENT PowerFactory PF 15 0 82 bit e Java 1 7 Java can be downloaded at hitos java com en download index jsp e Adobe Reader or other PDF readers required to access associated PDF files from PPST For further development of PSST using the supplied source codes the following tools and software packages are recommended e Eclipse IDE 1 Kepler or newer versions for further development of the overall system i e the main program including RB module GUI network database etc e Microsoft Visual Studio 2010
29. esult GJ Distance E Phase Zones c zone1_ph J zone2_ph a Chars D Status D Direction a Zone Reach a Resistive Reach D Tilt top ang Angle a Timer Ej zone3_ph E zone4_ph C zoneP_ph gt CI Ground Zones c Directional FN o gt C Scheme Logic c Over_Current Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q o gt C Earth Fault zoneP_ph Direction should be set as reverse zone3_ph Resistive Reach is set too small zone2_ph Zone Reach is not set 150 of Z1 zone2_ph Zone Reach is set under 125 of Z1 zone1_gnd KN_ang error zone1_gnd KN_ang is normally a negative value zone1_gnd Zone Reach has been set too large Overcurrent should be enabled DEF should not be enabled Total No of Settings 159 No of Correct Settings 150 No of Warnings No of Errors Detailed Report Exit Fig 18 RB validation module user interface with the validation results Earth Fault Set as false NA NA By Policy Enabled Rresult Message Earth Fault should be enabled Fig 19 A detailed message on the identified error The button panel in the bottom right corner allows various actions to be performed e Validate perform RB validation e Detailed Report access to the detailed validation results as shown in Fig 20 in which a summary of the reasoning results is given as well as the details on the identified errors and warnings along with recommended changes
30. g files Prameter Name Verification Result Summary of Verication Result J Configuration Setting Group 1 b Setting Group 2 O Setting Group 3 DO Setting Group 4 O Distance DEF O Delta Dir O Overcurrent k Neg Seq OC S Earth Fault C Res OV NVD Volt Protection C CB Fail O Supervision D System Check Auto Reclose O Setting Value Direct Access a InterMicom O InterMicom 64 CJ CT_Ratio M naaa Total No of Settings 159 O No of Correct Settings No of Warnings Q e No of Errors LOOOOOOOOOOCOOCOOCOOCO0O0O000 T ee Fig 17 RB validation module user interface before the validation process The RB module user interface as shown in Fig 17 contains the following panels 1 Validation results in tree view this panel displays a table that contains all the setting parameters in the relay that have been checked along with the associated validation results in a tree view Indicators with different colours are used to represent different types of validation results The details of the indicators used and the results they represent are provided in Table 1 2 A function block e g Configuration may contain a number of settings The indicator used for a function block depends on the results of the settings it contains For example if all the settings in a function block are correct the function block will be marked as correct More details on how the indictors are assign
31. h includes the default models generated by PPST and the models newly added by the users The user needs to select one listed model for simulation 2 Model in use the user can use the Choose and Remove buttons to select a model and remove the previous selection 3 Model details panel the panel provides details on the selected power system model The nodes in the default models contain both summer minimum and winter peak fault levels The users can choose from the drop down list to select the fault levels to be used for building the equivalent models 4 Button panel the button panel contains a number of buttons associated with various actions Create new model button will lead to the creation of a new customised model Edit model button will make the selected model editable to the users 5 Adjacent circuit equipment panel Fig 24 shows the model definition page in an advanced network model view The equipment connected to both nodes of the protection equipment is listed More details on the simplified and advanced system models are provided in Section 5 1 2 F iL 5 Ee ir S _ Availble Power System Model Model Name Default simple model Model Type SIMPLE_MODEL Default simple model Local Node Protected Equipment Remote Node Default advanced model Name COTT41 Name COTT4 GREN4 1 Name GREN41 Voltage Level 400 0 kV Length 129 478 km Voltage Level 400 0 kV Substation COTT i Ohm Substat
32. he node belongs to Voltage The voltage level of the node Equipment list A list of equipment that are connected to the node kA Summer minimum 1 phase fault level Summer minimum 3 phase fault level FL_win_peak_1 OKA Winter peak 1 phase fault level FL_win_peak 3 _win_peak_3 Eepe 9 MA wine peek hes ee aan er Winter peak 3 phase fault level FL_1ph_in_use 1 phase fault level used for building equivalent power system model FL_3ph_in_use 3 phase fault level used for building equivalent power system model Fault contribution details The details of fault contribution from each equipment connected to the node Table 6 Feeder Pree Lt e Substation CCC substations the feeder is connected to For a feeder there are two associated substations The nodes the feeder is connected to For a feeder there S ooo two associated nodes The L The length of the feeder of the feeder Positive sequence resistance Positive sequence reactance oe zoana Zero sequence impedanco phesorare Table 7 2 winding transformer Parameter u oes O O O Name of the transformer Substation The substation where the transformer is installed Node N A The nodes that the transformer is connected to For a 2 winding transformer there are two associated nodes Rated apparent Rated apparent power of the transformer power HV rated voltage Rated voltage on the HV side Table 8 3 winding transformer Parameter Name Name of the transform
33. ion GREN Faut Level Summer minimum v 40 88 Ohm Faut Level Summer minimum v 1 ph 50 319 kA 18 016 Ohm 1 ph 22 473 kA 3 ph 47 893 kA 108 352 Ohm 3 ph 30 091 kA S Local node Remote node Protected Default simple model Equipment Choose remove Create new model Edit model OK Cancel 4 a Fig 23 Power system model definition in MB module with simplified model view Availble Power System Model Model Name Default advanced model Model Type ADVANCED_MODEL Default simple model Local Node Protected Equipment Remote Node Default advanced model Local Equip List Name GREN41 Name GREN4 SUND4 2 Name SUND42 Equipement Na EquipmentType Node Node COTT4 GREN4 1 FEEDER GREN41 cotta Voltage Level 400 0 kv Length 39 955 km Voltage Level 400 0 kv GREN4SGT5 TRANSFORMER GREN41 GREN11 GREN4 STAY4 1 FEEDER GREN41 STAY42 GREN4 SUND FEEDER GREN41 iSUND41 MSC 3 SHUNT_REAC GREN41 ABHA11 Substation GREN RI i Ohm Substation SUND T IMSC6 SHUNT_REAC GREN41 IROA11 Faut Level Summer minimum w Xi Ohm Faut Level summer minimum he 1 ph 22 473 kA RO i Ohm 1 ph 33 026 kA 3 ph 30 091 kA XO ohm 3 ph 37 904 kA Rmt Equip List Equipement Na Equipmenttype Node Node B1 ELST4B SUND FEEDER SUND42 ELST42 MSC 2 ISHUNT_REAC SUND42 SUND4 WYMO FEEDER SUND42 WYMO41 Choose remove Create new model Edit model Cancel Fig 24 Power system
34. les r Distance v Phase Zones v DigSILENT PF Engine i Fault List x Ohm Equipment Data Name GREN4 SUND4 2 FEEDER Substation Grendon GREN41 Show Result Fig 21 MB module user interface The user interface of the MB module as shown in Fig 21 contains the following components 1 Characteristic diagram this panel displays the protection characteristics and indicates the applied faults in the R X diagram 2 Fault event panel this panel displays the defined fault events to test the relay model response and provides the access to the fault event definition dialogue through the Define Fault Event button 3 Equipment data panel this panel provides the data of the equipment that is being protected A detailed view of the equipment data can be accessed through the More Details button 4 User account panel this panel requires the account details used for accessing the PF functions The user should have created an account in PF and supplied the details in appropriate fields It is important to make sure the input user name and password are correct before proceeding to the simulation Otherwise the program will terminate immediately This is a shortcoming of the current version of PF s API The issue has been reported and is expected to be resolved in future PF versions 5 System model panel the panel displays the name of the power system model being used for the simula
35. lmShnt_MSC 2 Feeder_SUND4 WYMO4 2 Type FEEDER Node1 GREN41 Substation1 Grendon Node2 Substation2 Sundon Cancel Fig 35 Faulty equipment selection Name Fault Event Fauk Type Single_Ph_GND Rf 0 Ohm 0 Equipment GREN4 SUND4 2 Total impedance 12 773512594427581 Fault at 8 94 0 m e 100 Choose a mode Fault Event List Add to list ba User define Auto test functions Cancel J Fig 36 Selection of the fault location 3 Fault definition mode selection the users can choose to define customised fault events or use the auto test functions to generate fault events When testing the boundary of the distance protection zones the auto test function can be used to define a series of fault events around the boundaries with specified steps as shown in Fig 37 The existing functions aiming at demonstrating the potential of the auto test functionality allow the generation of transmission line faults within a pre defined position range and steps for testing distance protection Zone 1 boundary Although not within the scope of the current project more comprehensive implementation of the auto testing function was considered desirable by NG at the project meeting on the 4 July 2014 9 and can be a part of future development of the system Name Fault Event Fault Type Single_Ph_GND Rf 0 Ohm Xf 0 Ohm Start Point User Defined End Point Zonel boundary test 80
36. model definition in MB module with simplified model view The users need to select a model for the simulation before proceeding to the fault event definition step To choose a model select the preferred model from the model list click Choose button and click OK to finish the model definition 5 1 2 Default power system models As stated previously PPST automatically generates two default equivalent models for simulation The level of detail of the representative power system models were agreed in the project meeting held on Nov 21 2011 8 The first type of model is a two ended circuit referred as simplified model as shown in Fig 25 The second type referred to as advanced model includes the protected equipment and the two adjacent circuits as shown in Fig 26 The two model types can be used to suit different needs For example feeder s earth fault back up protection requires an operating time of 1 s for a remote end fault with 63 kA infeed in 400 kV network In this case a simplified model is sufficient for the validation purposes In some other cases e g feeder distance protection advanced models are needed to test various distance protection zones Local Protected Remote Node Equipment Node oe SSS oe oe Relay Location Fig 25 Simplified equivalent network model Local Remote Node Protected Node Equipment Fig 26 Advanced power system model 5 1 3 Edit the existing power system mod
37. n orange displays the fault levels in use which are the fault levels used for building equivalent system models The in use fault levels can be edited as needed The details will be discussed in Section 5 Equipement Name EquipmentType Name GREN41 Substation COTT4 GREN4 1__ FEEDER GREN4 SGT 1 TRANSFORMER Voltage Level 400 0 kv GREN4SGT2 TRANSFORMER GREN4SGT3 TRANSFORMER GREN4SGT4 TRANSFORMER Sum Min 1 Phase GREN4SGT5 TRANSFORMER GREN4 STAY4 1 FEEDER GREN4 SUND4 1 FEEDER Sum Min 3 Phase GREN4 SUND4 2 FEEDER MSC 3 SHUNT_REACTOR MSC4 ISHUNT REACTOR Win Peak 1 Phase FL 1 ph in use Win Peak 3 Phase FL 3 ph in use Fault Level Summer Min 1Ph Equipement Name Fault Level KA GR4SGT3 GAD Max FL Contribution kA GREN4 SUND4 1 7 025 Min FL Contribution kA GREN4 SGT 0 584 OK Fig 13 Fault contributions from the node s connected equipment Equipment such as feeders and transformers there are mainly two ways to access specific equipment in the network The first option is to find the substation that the equipment belongs to and then the equipment can be easily found in the substation s equipment list The second option is to select the radio button Equipment List in the network database dialogue and search the equipment using its name An example of a feeder s details is shown in Fig 14 By double clicking the node names the associated node data can be accessed i i i _
38. o avoid accidently starting the program and proceeding directly to the circuit data importing process which involves large amounts of data loading To continue press Start Otherwise press Cancel to exit nationalgrid University of Strathclyde Glasgow Start Cancel Fig 3 The starting user interface of PPST If the Start option is selected PPST will automatically start a data import process in the background to retrieve the whole network s data from a number of circuit data files as listed in Section 8 4 A network database will be built during runtime allowing the circuit data to be readily available for analysis and reasoning The process may last a few seconds after which the main working panel referred to as workstation of PPST will be open as shown in Fig 4 File Project Help Ieee is nationalgrid Main Port f Parsed setting file oo N f Original Setting File g S lt Prameter Name i Universityof Strathclyde Glasgow Project Equipment Name Relay Type Scheme Substation Equipment VT Ratio CT Ratio Setting File Did not find the substation that nodeWORT32 belongs to 5 Did not find the substation that node WREX1A belongs to Did not find the substation that node WREX31 belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG1A belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG1B belongs to Did not find the substation that node WRIG31
39. o installation process is needed given the prerequisites as listed in Section 2 2 are satisfied d api data d digeun d examples d SYM data amp datascheme 69 digactivate amp digapi dil digcal dil digdboll dil digdplfunmso dil 3 diging amp digmod dll dignet dil digpersistence dil amp digprot dil amp digrsims dil file dig _ lise dig _ measure dig msvcp80 dil set dz sv dil Uninstall do ARCFLASH joe DOLE HELP d TMP database dz davinci4 dil digadi dil digapl dil amp digcim dil digdgs dil digexfun dil digmath dil digmodal dil dignetl dil digpf bin digres dil digstationware dil __ getlicense bin log4cpp dil _ Microsoft VC80 CRT manifest msvcr80 dil 4 skinit svtools dill xerces c_2 8 dil J CNF DGS DSL __apm bin __ database2 dz davinci4_license digadm dil digbase dil amp digcom dil 2 digdpifunmso Aidigkernel digmatiab dil digmso dil amp digopc dil A digpf digrsimm dil __ esbkurve dig hs_err_pid8388 psolver55 dil amp msvcm80 dil Si orintarp tools dil Fig 2 The PF installation directory with the smart tool setup files 2 4 Running PPST PPST can be started by simply double clicking SmartTool jar A start window will be open for the user to determine whether or not to continue This confirmation step is provided t
40. oolkit The graphical interpretation of the protection functions provides an additional straightforward way of analysing the protection settings In this shown example it is clear that the forward zone reaches are too small Zone 2 in black and Zone 3 in yellow reaches are set below the line s impedance and Zone 1 in blue reach is clearly smaller than 80 of the line impedance The toolkit also provides functions dedicated for NG applications For example during the setting of resistive reaches of distance protection zones with quadrilateral characteristic it is important to make sure the settings have provided maximum resistive fault coverage while avoiding load encroachment Normally the checking of the resistive reaches requires multi step manual calculations with the aid of geometric diagrams Using the graphical toolkit this task can be significantly simplified As shown in Fig 7 provided the voltage level maximum loading current and the margin at required angle arcs representing the maximum load and the load encroachment margin can be plotted It becomes Straightforward to determine whether the resistive reaches have caused any load encroachment problems and whether optimised values have been adopted Another example of the graphical toolkit is shown in Fig 8 where it is used to analyse the feeder back up earth fault protection function Based on NG s setting policies 6 it is required to achieve an operating time of 1 s for
41. r specified user User found Setting up project Project activated Project Ready More Details DigSILENT User Name mlb11166 DigSILENT Password System Model Default simple model r Invoke PF Simulate Release API n Searching targeted cubbicle net_model found net_data found rid found Preparing power system model Power system model has been setup Previous use model is null System model Ready Setting up Relay Fig 22 The MB user interface with the reasoning process completed Before performing MB reasoning there are two main steps required power system model definition and fault events definition 5 1 Power system model definition 5 1 1 Overview The MB module uses equivalent power system models to perform simulation Relay models used are provided by PF relay libraries By default there are two equivalent models automatically generated by PPST More details on the default models is included in the following Section 5 1 2 Changes to the default models can be made and customised models can also be created for some specific needs e g investigating protection behaviour at various fault levels or network topologies The user interface for power system model definition is shown in Fig 23 which contains the following components 1 List of available power system models a list of the models that are available for simulation whic
42. ss 22 5 1 1 VW ope aie eda caresetrasntersto E 22 5 1 2 Default power system models xc ceacccrederevcscdeecmndenstcasoeetandeaecdmetenduaniecienes 23 5 1 3 Edit the existing power system MOUEIS cccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeeeseeeseneesanes 24 5 1 4 Creating new power system MOEIS ccccseececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeseeesaneesseeeesees 25 Oe Heel CVGML Ge IOI e E eceemeneenenedetanenstto 27 5 38 Model based validation results ccccccccccsececeeeeceeeeeeeeceeeeseeeseeseseeeeaeeeseeeesseesaeeess 30 BNO eae cac ees ees scree epee eee Seneca E see ce tages Peete tesco T E en deene daceee eae deeas 32 Te RWI sen enan 33 S APPENGIXOG ssw decnansvescnenandsanaprneasospendsanapaneadnbpandaspapsvarsnbavndesnapauendoaawodscnasaneainbsandadmasimansonnats 34 8 1 Appendix A Relay models and the associated file formats supported by the PPST IN SS aca es E E E westerns E E E A E EEA 34 8 2 Appendix B Relay models that are equipped with rule based and model based validation TUNCUONS eer neti ae ee rei ech ec ind etn A REEE E ERA AAA EAS 34 8 3 Appendix C List of pre configured projects cccececseeeeeeeeeeseeeeceeeeeseeeeseneesseeeesaes 35 8 4 Appendix D Circuit data files used for populating the network database 35 8 5 Appendix E Details of network elements cccccsecceeeeneeeeeeeneeeneeeneeeneeeneeeaeeenaes 36 Glossary API CSV DLL GUI HV IDE IED JAR JRE LV MB MV N A NG PF
43. t Fig 31 Input data for creation of protected equipment in simplified network model lf an advanced model option is selected a model definition dialogue will be invoked as shown in Fig 32 For the definition of local and remote node in the advanced model only the name and voltage levels are required This is because in this case the fault infeed is provided by the other equipment connected to the nodes The process of creating the protected equipment is the same as the corresponding process in a simplified network model Protected Equipment Enter fault level Remote node Local Equipement FL 1 ph Remote Equipment FL 3 ph Fig 32 Creation of advanced network model The users are also required to provide the details of the equipment in the adjacent circuits The Local Equipment button will allow the users to add new equipment connected to the local node while the Remote Equipment button is for adding equipment in the remote node Fig 33 shows an example of adding equipment to the local node The process of adding new equipment to the list is the same as the process to add new equipment during advanced network model editing process as described in Section 5 1 3 Protected Equipment Local Equipement Fig 33 Add equipment to the local node 5 2 Fault event definition When a power system model has been defined and selected the users need to define the fault events to apply on the network model The fault
44. the folder contains the files that specify the paths of the rule files used by the parsers These files can be updated when adding the support for parsing setting files of new relay types e Rules the folder stores the rule files for the error checking rules in the RB module and the setting data parsing rules in the parsing module e Sample Setting Files a list of selected relays setting files that have been used to test the system and will be used in the examples across the manual e Projects this folder contains a number of pre configured projects that can be used as examples to explore the functions provided by PPST More details on the provided projects can be found in Section 8 3 e Others the folder contains a file that specifies the supported protection schemes It is also the place to store any additional files needed in future versions of PPST To install the system on a PC the following two steps are required 1 Identify the directory where PF is installed typically C DIgSILENT pf150 2 Copy the file SmartTooljar and the folder SmartTool with all subfolders and files into the main PF directory identified in step 1 3 Additionally for ease of tool execution a shortcut to SmartTool jar file can be manually created on the desktop The PF directory should now contain both the JAR file SmartTooljar and the folder SmartTool as shown in Fig 2 PSST is developed in Java therefore there n
45. these relay types as selected by NG has been equipped with RB and MB validation functionalities These relay types are listed in Section 8 2 4 Protection scheme selection Selection of the protection scheme in which the relay is intended to be used NG has clear definitions of the protection schemes that each relay type should be used for A list of fixed settings of each relay type is also clearly defined Selecting the intended protection scheme will helo PPST choose appropriate RB validation rules Furthermore if the type registration information of the relay is provided it will also allow checking whether the relay has been applied in the correct scheme and whether the fixed settings have been inadvertently changed However the type registration information of the selected relay types are presently not provided by NG and therefore these checks are currently not available in this version of PPST When all the required information is provided click Finish A new project will be created and saved to the specified directory The setting file will be parsed in the background and the parsed settings data can be viewed in the workstation s main port as shown in Fig 6 File Project Help Lee ME i Leif nationalgrid Be BOE fF Original Setting File j Prameter Name a FileType CSV University of E Configuration l FormatVersion 1 Strathclyde D Setting Group 1 true RelayType COURIER Glasgow Setting Group
46. tion and provides the access to the model definition dialogue 6 Button panel the panel contains a number of buttons that allow actions to be performed on the MB module Invoke PF will open an instance of the PF application which allows access to all the functions provided by PF in its standard user interface However the use of this function is not recommended since the existing version of PF API will fail to invoke the PF interface in some cases This issue has been reported to PF and it is expected to be resolved in future PF versions Simulate button is to start the simulation process utilising the defined power system model fault events and the protection settings data Release API will terminate the interaction with the PF calculation engine Exit will terminate the MB module 7 MB module console the console prints the details of the MB reasoning process including the details of power system model setup initialisation of relay models etc The MB module user interface with the simulation completed is shown in Fig 22 Load Encroachment Distance v Phase Zones v DigSILENT PF Engine Fault List Fault Event Fault Event2 Fault Event3 x Ohm Define Fault Event Equipment Data Name GREN4 SUND4 2 FEEDER Ganid R Ohm reating Api Api created An Api instance has been created reating Application App created Looking fo
47. tion of text based settings files The above mentioned future work would allow the maturation of the tool such that it can be integrated into the existing protection setting process and adopted as business as usual practice at a further stage 7 References 1 Eclipse 25 10 2014 Eclipse Available http eclipse org 2 Microsoft 25 10 2014 Microsoft Visual Studio Available http msdn microsoft com en us vstudio aa718325 aspx 3 SWIG 25 10 2014 SWIG Available http www swig org 4 Drools 25 10 2014 Drools Available http www drools org 5 Alstom Grid 26 10 2014 MiCOMho P443 P445 Technical Manual Available ftp ftp alstom com Alstom_ Manuals P44y EN M C21 pdf 6 National Grid PS T 010 Application and Protection Setting Policy for the National Grid UK Transmission System 2011 7 National Grid DH 28 Guidance on the Application of System Data for Protection Purposes 2013 8 National Grid and Strathclyde University Design of a smart tool for detecting hidden errors in protection setting files Minutes of the Meeting 21 November 2011 2011 9 National Grid and Strathclyde University Design of a smart tool for detecting hidden errors in protection setting files Minutes of the Meeting 4th July 2014 2014 10 DIgSILENT DIgSILENT PowerFactory 15 User Manual 8 Appendixes 8 1 Appendix A Relay models and the associated file formats supported by the PPST parsers
48. usbar in the actual network which only has one voltage level and may have a number of electrical equipment connected e Equipment all components except substations and nodes in the database are categorised as equipment This mainly refers to feeders transformers SVCs etc To access the network database click the Network Data button in the button panel in the bottom right corner of the workstation The user interface is shown in Fig 9 Circuit Element List Basic Information Glendoe Substation Glenmoriston Glenfarclas e GREN11 Voltage Level 132 0 kv GLENLEE e GREN12 Voltage Level 132 0 kV GLENLUCE e GREN41 Voltage Level 400 0 kv GLENNISTON Glens of Foundland Glenrothes Boundary Type TRANSFORMER GLENROTHES ip Type TRANSFORMER Gordonstown Hil ip Type TRANSFORMER GORGIE Type TRANSFORMER Gordonbush Wind GOVAN Grain Grendon Griffin Wind Grimsby West GRANGEMOUTH GRETNA Greystones B i Search Equip 13KV SH REAC 1 Type SHUNT_REACTOR Substation List Equipment List Fig 9 Network database user interface with a substation s information displayed On the left hand side a list of the network elements is displayed The radio button at the bottom can be used to choose a specific category to display i e substations or equipment When selecting any element in the list a summary of the element s information is displayed on the right hand

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