THE WHITE KNIGHT MANUAL - HJ Arnett Industries, LLC
Contents
1. DC Charger that accompanied the unit Plug the charger into any 120 V AC wall outlet and the 12V DC jack into the White Knight port marked 12V DC on the face of the unit Let the unit charge overnight Optional Accessory Auto power Adapter allows the White Knight to be recharged from a 12 volt battery through an automobile cigarette lighter receptacle Setting the time and date on the White Knight If the White Knight is not displaying the correct date and time insert the calibration key located on the strap of the unit into the printer port on the face of the White Knight Press the POWER UTILITY button on the face of the unit and wait for the Main Menu to be displayed Press the SET TIME button and utilize the UP DOWN arrows to set the date and time Press the SET TIME button again The White Knight displays the information just entered The Main Menu is now displayed and you can either proceed to another function or Turn Off the unit by pressing and holding the POWER UTILITY button while the screen counts down from 4 to Power Off Release the POWER UTILITY button and remove the calibration key from the printer port Step 2 Safety First Be sure to wear the required safety equipment as determined by your company Disconnect the energized service wire s from meter or disconnect switch leading to transformer When using meter base adapter for three wire services Connect the green ground clip to the service neutral and attach the black and re2. D or OVERHEAD BATTERY 8 24 V NO SAVED DATA OVERHEAD UNDERGROUND OCT 15 1998 2 33 51 PM OTHER Serial WK0140 SW V4 13 CAL DATES Step 5 The next screen lists three 3 of the most common cable sizes which have been calibrated into the White Knight s memory Select the one that matches the size of the cable to be tested It is useful to know the cable size in advance so you can calibrate the White Knight to the other size cable prior to the field test See the Calibration section for details on performing this function OVERHEAD CABLE SELECT 2 2 4 L 0 29in N 0 23in D 1 0 1 0 2 L 0 37in N 0 29in D SE4 0 SE4 0 2 0 L 0 52in N 0 4lin D CANCEL Step 6 The next selection you must make is whether the ground conditions are DAMP or DRY To test an underground service you must make DAMP or DRY selection Overhead on the other hand is always tested as dry A heavy rain may cause the topsoil to be damp however the ground may be dry at the depth of the unauthorized tap If you are uncertain conduct the test utilizing the damp setting and test again utilizing the dry setting Step 7 The White Knight now displays the Tap Rejection Screen Transformers and junction boxes are considered legitimate taps The White Knight detects all taps legal and illegal within 500 feet of the meter Legitimate taps can be avoided by estimating the distance to the legitimate tap and rejecting those taps The White Knig
3. DATES display Ags Arnett Industries L L C The following examples are the White Knight s display of graphs from field investigations By becoming familiar with the basic waveforms you will be able to determine if taps exist Con trast Pr int er o a H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND OR 28 FR OMMETER LOCI c Test cable U F R THE s WHITE o KN IGHT s Selec White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Con trast Pr int er T e H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND 28 FROM METER Test cable TH E W HIT E KN IGHT CURSOR 28 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il AyROUuNR ACOA ABOVE Pulse mode 100 foot range Test Cable Tap graph superimposed with same line untapped a at 28 feet BELOW Step mode 100 foot range Test superimposed with same line untapped Tap at 28 feet able Tap graph Ciitrasi Printer O HJ ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND 28 FROM METER Test cable THE WHITE KN IGHT CURSOR 28 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca ll narnounwA cn White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Gian trast Printer C e O HJ ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND CLEAR Test cable Cc U R THE S WHITE s KN IGHT S CURSOR 49 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca ll Both graphs on this page are the same anot Pulse mode 100 feet range o
4. THE WHITE KNIGHT MANUAL SECONDARY POWER LINE TAP LOCATOR FIELD USER S MANUAL REVISION 1 1 FOR USE WITH SOFTWARE VERSION 4 20 NORTH AMERICAN MODEL Arnett Industries L L C 20460 SW Avery Ct Tualatin OR 97062 503 92 4600 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Please read all of these instructions before operating The White Knight Always wear rubber gloves and safety glasses when connecting the White Knight to energized power lines Never plug the White Knight into a meter socket that has voltages higher than 120V AC from the energized terminals to neutral Make sure that the White Knight baseplate terminals do not pinch the White Knight neutral lead when inserted into the meter socket Never lengthen or alter the White Knight Neutral lead this can result in inaccurate test information The White Knight is a water resistant not watertight instrument therefore avoid using the unit in rainy conditions Water may penetrate through the front or rear panel openings possibly damaging the instrument Avoid leaving the White Knight display in direct sunlight Exposure to ultraviolet light can damage the display Avoid placing the White Knight on unstable platforms where it might fall and damage the unit Do not attempt to service the White Knight Return the unit to Arnett Industries L L C for authorized service White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 What is TDR The White Knight operates on Time Domain Reflectometry TDR Li
5. cursor distance to the correct distance press and hold the bottom vertical button while pressing the arrow cursor button UP or DOWN until the distance in feet on the bottom of the screen says 56 feet Step 5 Now move the cursor left approximately 5 feet from its current location To do this press the left arrow button 5 times Press the select button The solid line is now located at the far left of the screen and a dotted line is displayed Step 6 Utilizing the right arrow button relocate the solid vertical line now located at the far left of the screen to at least 10 feet from the dotted line As you adjust the distances the measurement displays at the bottom of the screen Your objective is to have the distance between the dotted line and the solid line as flat as possible on the graph Step 7 Press SAVE RECALL The White Knight is now calibrated to the size cable you utilized Press SAVE RECALL again to select a location to store your data You can now utilize the appropriate ARROW buttons to identify the cable calibrated Press SAVE RECALL again and press YES Step 8 Turn off the unit and remove the calibration key from the Printer port EXPANDED CAL DATES DISPLAY When the need to review when the White Knight was last calibrated press the MORE button until the cable number to be view is displayed The calibration is shown on the display Calibration dates can be printed by pressing the PRINT button while viewing the CAL
6. d clips to the energized service conductors When using the meter base adapter for two wire services Connect the black clip to the service neutral and the red clip to the energized service conductor For use on single phase socket type meter bases Connect the green ground clip to the service neutral and insert the plug into one of the White Knight ground neutral receptacles Insert the White Knight into the meter socket the same as installing a meter Step 3 Press and release the POWER UTILITY button on the face of the White Knight As described in Step 1 the unit will conduct internal self checks and will display a message indicating that this self test is taking place and to Please Wait It takes about 12 seconds for the test to complete and display the Main Menu The Main Menu displays the battery voltage in the upper left corner and the date time unit serial number and the software version in the lower left comer The right side of the Main Menu screen displays the following White Knight functions adjacent to their respective buttons NO SAVED DATA OVERHEAD UNDERGROUND OTHER CAL DATES The Overhead Underground and Other options are used to acquire data the Cal Dates shows the date the White Knight was calibrated See Calibration section for details on performing this function White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Step 4 In order to begin an investigation choose the appropriate type of service to be tested i e UNDERGROUN
7. ht ignores all transformers or legitimate taps beyond your selected distance from the meter installation You also have the option of selecting the CANCEL button and conduct the test without any Tap Rejection To set the correct distance change the distance by pushing the UP or DOWN buttons to the closest estimated distance Once the OK or CANCEL button is pressed the White Knight begins the ACQUIRING DATA mode White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 The White Knight acquires data in 12 seconds OVERHEAD CABLE SELECT 0 DRY 2 2 4 0 DAMP 2 2 4 CANCEL TAP REJECTION ENTER DISTANCE TO LEGITIMATE TAP OR TRANSFORMER POWERING CABLE UNDER TEST 120 ft TO TEST OK WITHOUT TAP REJECTION PRESS CANCEL CANCEL If uncertain on the DAMP or DRY condition of the underground service conduct two tests utilizing both the DAMP setting and the DRY setting Step 8 The data acquired displays on the screen at the conclusion of the test which takes approximately 12 seconds The information displays in one of three screen modes TEXT STEP PULSE Note The top of the screen displays the type of service condition and cable size The bottom of the screen shows date and time of the test Each screen displays the same data acquired from the test in different modes Use of the screen mode depends on the user s preference on tap analysis The mode screen will return to the last screen displayed the next time the White Knight is tur
8. investigation data before turning the White Knight off OPTIONAL ACCESSORY Portable printer can be used to print any of the data from the White Knight Arnett Industries L L C has determined that the most accurate data is obtained utilizing the STEP mode and the results of L1 L2 NOTE Recalling and viewing the data functions can be done in the field as well as in your office However this should not be done while at the meter location USER SELECTABLE ENGLISH OR METRIC MODE Version 4 13 adds a control for displaying distances in feet or meters and cable diameters in inches or millimeters To set the control insert the calibration key and turn ON the unit Press SET TIME and in the next display press NEXT ITEM until ENGLISH or METRIC blinks Press one of the arrow keys to change to the desired units then press SET TIME to save the change Power OFF the unit and remove the calibration key CALIBRATING THE WHITE KNIGHT The White Knight comes with the most commonly used cable sizes stored in its memory The White Knight can also be calibrated to other cable sizes by following these steps Step 1 You will need a minimum of three 3 lengths of 50 feet of untapped cable in the size that you want to calibrate At least fifty feet of cable is needed to establish normal impedance Step 2 Connect one 1 length of the 50 foot cable to the green neutral wire of the White Knight Utilizing terminal blocks that have been removed from a mete
9. n to be reviewed If the location number is not the location to be selected press the NEXT LOCATION button until the correct location is displayed Press the RECALL LOCATION button to bring up the saved data The White Knight can save up to eight investigations To see the saved investigation locations press the SAVE RECALL button along the bottom of the White Knight faceplate After selecting the RECALL LOCATION the White Knight will display the results of the field investigation in the screen mode that was last displayed when the unit was turned off CHANGING THE SCREEN DATA VIEW To view the results in a different mode or screen press the DISPLAY button along the bottom of the White Knight faceplate Various options are shown The STEP and PULSE modes will show the results in graph form and the TEXT mode will display the data in words DISPLAY MODE lt STEP gt PULSE TEXT LINE SELECTION lt L1 L2 gt L1 N L2 N RANGE IN FEET 200 100 lt 50 gt 25 SEPARATION lt YES gt NO SENSITIVITY lt NORMAL gt HIGH White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 The LINE SELECTION will show L1 L2 L1 N L2 N or ALL L1 and L2 are the energized legs for a three wire service and N is the neutral The RANGE IN FEET selections allow looking at the investigation data in graphical form from 25 to 500 feet from the White Knight baseplate It is best to begin the review of the graphical data in the 100 feet range If the White Knight data has determi
10. n untapped line of 50 t 50 feet length Top shows single line bottom shows all three lines These are the normal impedance graphs on an untapped line Con trast Print er e H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND CLEAR Test cable c U R TH E S WHITE x KN IGHT S CURSOR 49 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Con trast Pr int er SC H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND CLEAR Test cable E U R THE S WHIT E KN IGHT S CURSOR 49 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il Both graphs on this page are the same investigation STEP mode 100 feet range on uarn pe line of 50 feet length Up swing of es shows OPEN cable end of cable Top shows single line ottom shows all three lines These are the normal impedance graphs on an untapped line Con trast Print er eo HJ ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND CLEAR LIVE Test cable C U R TH E S WHITE KN IGHT S CURSORS 49 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Con trast Print er o H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND NEAR METER Test cable C U R TH E S WHITE 7 KN IGHT s Test cable CURSORS 2 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca ll These two graphs show the same investigation in different modes Both show a tap near mete
11. ned on and data is acquired or a saved investigation is recalled Step 9 At this point the data should be saved for future analysis Press the SAVE RECALL button and choose a location to save the data The SAVE screen lists the type of service condition cable size date and time Utilizing the appropriate arrows type in an Identification Message by pressing the lower vertical button when desired character blinks Once the message is completed save the data by pressing the SAVE RECALL button This message information may be bypassed for editing at a later time by pressing the SAVE RECALL button SAVE IN LOCATION 1 RECALL LOCATION 1 CLEAR LOCATION 1 NEXT LOCATION EDIT MESSAGE 1 White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 o A JAN 15 1999 10 03 29 AM O DAMP 2 2 4 ABCDEFGH IJKLMINP QRSTUVWX YZ123456 7890 lt gt LOAD IN MESSAGE SAVE RECALL when done Step 10 Press and hold the POWER UTILITY button The screen will count down from 4 to Power Off the unit Remove the White Knight from the meter socket reinstall the kWh meter and vacate the customer s premises RECALLING YOUR DATA Recalling the results of stored field test data is as easy as acquiring the original data Press the POWER UTILITY button The White Knight completes it s self test and displays the Main Menu screen Press the RECALL button located along the right side of the White Knight faceplate Look at the RECALL LOCATION for the locatio
12. ned that a tap is located 150 feet from the meter the RANGE IN FEET should be set at 200 feet If a tap is detected 35 feet from the meter the RANGE IN FEET should be set at 50 feet This option gives the operator different views of the same graph If you choose NO for the SEPARATION the L1 L2 L1 N L2 N graphs will superimpose one another By choosing YES the L1 L2 L1 N L2 N graphs will display each line apart from one another making it much easier to follow the lines charted The SENSITIVITY NORMAL HIGH selection gives the option of increasing the graph fluctuations The HIGH setting increase the amplitude of the graph fluctuations Peaks and valleys in the graph become higher and lower respectively making it easier to see changes in impedance This makes fine graphical analysis easier VIEWING THE DATA From the DISPLAY mode screen make the selections that correspond to the user s ease of reviewing the investigation data and press the DISPLAY button In the STEP mode the dotted horizontal line is the TAP ALERT line When the graph line dips below the TAP ALERT line it is likely that a tap exists The long rectangular box on the graph confirms the existence of a tap and its location Move the cursor using the left arrow button to the center of the rectangular box for the location of the tap The distance in feet will display at the bottom of the screen At this point you can print the data and turn the unit off Be sure to save your
13. nes are checked for a period of time Time Domain The results are returned Reflectometry to the unit and displayed on the display The White Knight is calibrated to detect any change in impedance in the lines being tested The line being tested by the White Knight does not have to be energized to conduct the test The White Knight determines if taps exist based on assumptions characteristic of most taps These assumptions may not be true in all cases which could result in the White Knight displaying inaccurate text mode information Arnett Industries L L C strongly suggests that the utility use other means such as check meters to support the findings of the White Knight before digging up underground services or knocking out walls GENERAL OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS CONDUCTING THE FIELD TEST Step 1 At least one day prior to its field use the White Knight s battery voltage should be checked to ensure it will remain operational throughout the field test The date and time should be verified for accuracy To check the battery voltage press the POWER UTILITY button on the face of the White Knight The red power light goes on and as the unit goes through some internal diagnostic self checks the battery voltage appears on the screen along with the serial number and the software version number If the voltage goes below 8 0 volts the White Knight needs to be recharged for at least eight hours To recharge the White Knight utilize only the 12V
14. r on the test cable in the 50 feet range The CURSOR is at two feet In the TEXT mode the screen will read NEAR METER Contrast Printer o S H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND NEAR METER Test cable THE WHITE KN IGHT ane Test cable CURSOR 2 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Con trast Pr int er O H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND 28 FROM METER Test cable C U R TH E S WHITE N KN IGHT S Test cable CURSOR 28 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il These two graphs show the same investigation in different modes Both show a tap at 28 feet on the test cable in the 100 feet range The CURSOR is at 28 feet In the TEXT mode the screen will read TAP 28 FEET FROM METER Contrast Printer l gt H J ARNETT INDUSTRIES L L C PORTLAND 28 FROM METER Test cable c E i R TH E S WHITE E KN IGHT s Test cable CURSOR 28 FEET Power Save Utility Display Print Reca Il
15. r socket connect the other two 2 50 foot lengths of cable to the two 2 top terminals Then plug the White Knight into this terminal block making certain that the top blades on the backside of the unit are inserted into the terminals that house the cables OPTIONAL ACCESSORY A Portable Meter Base Adapter can also be used to calibrate the White Knight to various size cables Step 3 Insert the calibration key that comes attached to the White Knight strap into the printer port on the face of the unit and press the POWER UTILITY button Press and hold CAL button and then press the OTHER button Next press and hold CAL button and press the TEST CABLE button The next screen explains that you are about to test a 50foot length of cable Press the OK button to proceed The next screen also requires that you press OK to continue and then finally press YES to begin acquiring data White Knight Field Users Manual Version 4 20 Step 4 For this step the exact length of the cable to be calibrated needs to be known For example we will say the cable length is 56 feet When the White Knight has completed acquiring the data a graph displays on the screen The solid vertical cursor will be positioned at about the middle of the graph and the distance at the bottom of the screen will read 49 feet The cursor line should be moved to where the cable either rises if the cable end is open or drops where the cable terminates at the transformer To change the
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