Tidal Standard Operating Procedures
Contents
1. A reasonable effort should be made to sample at the recorded location with a reasonable tolerance for navigating and anchoring a boat in variable wind and water conditions Sampling within 10 15 m of the actual site location can be considered sufficient SRA Tidal Monitoring Sites Site Longitude Latitude Description WK02 39 3674833 75 8490667 20m North of Wilson Pt duck blind Just inside western edge of mooring field in WK03 39 3629667 75 8909333 the yacht basin and at the intersection of the main stem and Dyer Creek WK04 39 3703611 75 9303333 10m North of Red Nav Buoy 10 off of Big Marsh Pt Center of Back Creek just downstream Racal ed coe ca Ae from intersection with McGill Creek WKO7 39 3796167 75 9328500 Center of Foreman Creek at intersection with Back Creek Southeast side of channel between Ordinary WKO08 39 3704000 75 9849833 Pt and Kent Co approximately across from Green Buoy 3 North of Town of Betterton approximately WKO9 39 3815833 76 0631833 at the intersection of the Sassafras River and Chesapeake Bay 5 2 Time Frame Monitoring of the tidal sites will begin in April and continue through October Each season a specific day of the week and time should be developed to provide a consistent sampling window to incorporate natural fluctuations in environment conditions For 2010 first sampling is targeted for Wednesday at 9 30am Every effort should be made to sample at this2. chlorophyll up should have slight color to it 5 11 6 Folding foil and gently assisting with forceps if necessary by pressing on filter fold the filter in half 5 11 7 Double over edges of fold displacing air and create a little pocket in which the folded filter is located 5 11 8 Repeat for all samples 5 11 9 Label foil packets using labels created in Section 5 11 3 5 11 10 Place foil packets in locking plastic bag and then double bag with another locking plastic bag 5 11 11 Place in freezer to await shipment to University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Horne Point Lab 5 11 12 Rinse all filter holders and 500 mL bottles with tap water and allow to air dry 5 12 Nutrient Sample Laboratory Processing 5 12 1 Store 30 mL labeled sample bottles containing water for Nutrient Total Nitrogen Total Phosphorus testing in refrigerator until mailed to University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Horne Point Lab 5 12 2 Bag samples with a locking plastic bag to maintain grouping related to sample date 5 13 Sample Transportation Shipping 5 13 1 Nutrient and Chlorophyll samples are analyzed by University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Horne Point Lab 5 13 2 Nutrient Samples 5 13 2 1Samples should be packed with an ice pack s in the portable Styrofoam transport coolers with surrounding cardboard box located in the office SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 9 5 13 2 2Samples should be mailed
3. overnight to arrive at the following address Monday Thursday The chain of custody form should be included The package should also be marked to indicate nutrient water samples as contents ATTN Lois Lane Analytical Laboratory University of MD Center for Environmental Science Horn Point Laboratory P O Box 775 Cambridge MD 21613 5 13 3 Chlorophyll Samples 5 13 3 1It is critical that the chlorophyll samples amp foil remain dry The samples in foil should therefore be double bagged 5 13 3 2Samples should be packed with dry ice in the portable Styrofoam transport coolers with surrounding cardboard box located in the office 5 13 3 3Samples should be mailed overnight to arrive at the following address Monday Thursday The chain of custody form should be included The package should also be marked to indicate chlorophyll samples as contents ATTN Crystal Thomas Analytical Laboratory University of MD Center for Environmental Science Horn Point Laboratory P O Box 775 Cambridge MD 21613 6 0 Safety and Environmental Information Safety of SRA staff and volunteers is of the upmost importance to the Sassafras River Association and should be considered the first priority in all situations Given the inherent variability of working outdoors in natural environments and equipment and chemicals in a laboratory setting considerable hazards exist and care should be taken to minimize risks These procedures and guidelin
4. 4 measurements LaMotte 2020e Turbidity Meter 4 4 Chlorophyll Supplies 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 6 4 4 7 Seven 7 500 mL polypropylene PP sample bottles Seven 7 50 mL syringes Seven 7 filter bodies with fourteen 14 filter caps Seven 7 25 mm 0 7 um porosity GF F filter membranes Opaque Towels Aluminum Foil Filter Forceps 4 5 Nutrient Supplies 4 5 1 Seven 7 30 mL acid washed polypropylene bottles 4 6 Miscellaneous 4 6 1 4 6 2 4 6 3 4 6 4 4 6 5 Kestrel 3500 Pocket Weather Station Transport buckets and on boat cooler Camera Styrofoam sample transport cooler Clipboard and Sharpie 4 7 Documents 4 7 1 4 7 2 4 7 3 4 7 4 Vessel Float Plan Vessel Log YSI Calibration Sheet Data Entry Sheets 4 8 Optional Equipment 4 8 1 Personal comfort gear such as sunscreen hat jackets drinking water etc SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 2 5 0 Procedures 5 1 Sites There are seven 7 sites along the tidal reaches of the Sassafras River that are monitored according to this protocol Site locations are given below stored in the SRA database labeled on a water resistant chart located on the RIVERKEEPER vessel and stored in the RIVERKEEPER vessel s GPS The samplers should familiarize themselves with the general location of the sites prior to departure and then utilize the GPS unit to guide the vessel into close proximity of the sites
5. Sassafras River Association Tidal Monitoring Standard Operating Procedures 1 0 Purpose The purpose of these procedures is to outline the materials and methods associated with sustaining a high quality tidal water quality monitoring program in the Sassafras River These procedures should be used by the Sassafras RIVERKEEPER and Sassafras River Association SRA support staff to ensure that data collected is consistent reliable and accurate thus providing considerable benefit for use both within SRA and across the broader Chesapeake Bay region 2 0 Definitions To be added as necessary 3 0 Responsibilities The Sassafras RIVERKEEPER is responsible for organizing and operating the sampling campaign and for maintaining and enforcing the standards in this document 4 0 Required Material and Equipment denotes equipment required in the field 4 1 Physical Water Parameters 4 1 1 YSI Professional Multi probe instrument 4 1 1 1 One liter 1 L brown plastic bottle for on vessel probe storage 4 2 Calibration 4 2 1 pH buffer solutions 3 pH 4 01 7 00 10 01 4 2 2 conductivity calibration solution 4 3 Water Clarity 4 3 1 Secchi Disk with marked line 4 3 2 Water sampler body with marked line and weight for taking samples at depth 4 3 2 1 Seven 7 60 mL glass sample bottles for bottom turbidity samples SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 1 4 3 3 Seven 7 250 mL high density polyethylene HDPE bottle for surface turbidity 4 3
6. ckly lower the water sampler to the desired depth one meter 1 0 m from bottom cleat on vessel and leave until full This usually takes from 3 5 minutes 5 6 1 9 Carefully retrieve the water sampler 5 6 1 10Remove the plastic center plug to expose the collecting bottle in the inner chamber 5 6 1 11 Remove bottle from the sampler cap and store the bottle Dump out the excess water from the sampler body 5 6 2 Top Turbidity Sample 5 6 2 1 Rinse 250 mL labeled HDPE using rule of three 5 6 2 2 Reaching over the gunwale hold the bottle at 0 5 m beneath the surface and fill completely this typically equates to as deep as practical given the gunwale height of the boat 5 6 2 3 Cap and store This sample does not need to be kept cold 5 7 Nutrient Sample Collection 5 7 1 Take the 30 mL labeled site specific bottle and rinse using the rule of three 5 7 2 Reaching over the gunwale hold the bottle at 0 5 m beneath the surface and fill completely this typically equates to as deep as practical given the gunwale height of the boat SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 6 5 7 3 5 7 4 Place the bottle in a cooler filled with ice on the boat Samples must be kept cool and out of sunlight for the duration of field sampling Upon return to the office immediately place samples in refrigerator 5 8 Chlorophyll a Sample Collection 5 8 1 5 8 2 5 8 3 5 8 4 5 8 5 5 8 6 5 8 7 5 8 8 Rinse the 500 mL labeled site s
7. d 5 4 1 5 4 2 5 4 3 5 4 4 5 4 5 Proceed to each site in the order listed in Section 5 1 and anchor the boat within a reasonable vicinity of the GPS coordinates accounting for how the boat will rest on anchor given the tidal and wind action Record basic site information on the data sheet prior to sampling e g time date weather tide Using handheld Kestrel 3500 weather station take air temperature and wind speed Note general weather conditions sunny partial sun cloudy w t storms in vicinity etc Wind direction can be determined through visual observation of wave action on water compared to known land orientation or onboard map Be advised the GPS unit heading and map orientation are not reliable when the boat is not moving at a significant speed Record these in the appropriate location on weekly data collection sheet Section 9 7 The monitoring is easily divided between two people One person operates the YSI multi probe instrument while the other person collects samples The Rule of Three The rule of three is simply a process that one should use in the field in the lab during clean up and when preparing a sample for testing In the field always rinse out the water sampler body as well as the sample bottles SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 4 with water from the site three times before filling the bottle with the sample that is taken for analysis 5 5 YSI multi probe Monitoring 5 5 1 Ifa site has a de
8. day and time throughout the season however should unfavorable weather or other situations arise that interfere the collection of data on another day or at another time is preferable to not having the data for that week Chlorophyll and nutrient samples are taken on a bi weekly basis while other parameters are sampled weekly The sites will be sampled in the in the order listed in Section 5 1 to ensure further similar sample timing 5 3 Preparation in SRA office prior to departure SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 5 3 3 5 3 4 5 3 5 5 3 6 Calibrate Dissolved Oxygen pH and conductance YSI Professional Plus Multi Probe instrument according to YSI user manual Section 9 3 5 3 1 1 Conductivity and pH standards are located in SRA kitchen as well as distilled water 5 3 1 2 Record calibration values on calibration data sheet Section 9 6 and file into calibration log located on office bookshelf Print weekly data collection sheets for each site Section 9 7 Print complete and post float plan Section 9 1 Complete Vessel Log Section 9 2 Prepare filters for chlorophyll testing 5 3 5 1 Unscrew each filter holder and using forceps add a clean 25 mm GF F filter with the hatched side facing toward the screen Screw the two halves back together and store filter holders in closed filter tube containers Gather other field supplies specified and indicated under Section 4 0 5 4 General Field Monitoring Metho
9. es are designed to minimize safety concerns related to known risks but should not be considered comprehensive or a substitute for critical analysis and common sense 6 1 Vessel Operation The RIVERKEEPER should always check the weather before heading out on the water A trip should be avoided if there is a small craft advisory or a hazardous weather warning SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 10 thunderstorms high winds waves etc It is also recommended that more than one person be on the boat sampling in case of an emergency If inclement weather conditions should arise the sampling site may become a hazard due to high wind or waves that can be dangerous to the individuals sampling If at any time the RIVERKEEPER and or support staff feel that unsafe conditions exist they are advised to terminate that activity immediately Prior to sampling the RIVERKEEPER is to file a Float Plan Section 9 1 giving trip details such as passengers onboard destinations and estimated return time The RIVERKEEPER should also notify a SRA staff member of his her departure and estimated return time if possible The Float Plan should be hung in a conspicuous location in the SRA office 6 2 Laboratory The calibration of the instruments requires the use of certain chemicals and standards While most of these present no serious threat via accidental contact or spillage consult the MSDS or Poison Control 800 222 1222 in case of emergency Proper lab saf
10. ety equipment such as eye protection and gloves should be worn at all times Dry ice can cause frostbite like burns use gloves or thongs when handling The sublimation of dry ice into gas can present a potential explosion hazard in an enclosed environment Please ensure adequate ventilation so that pressure build up does not rupture the packaging 7 0 Revision History Date Revision 06 10 2010 document created updated shipping procedure to include separate packing methods dry ice versus regular ice for nutrient and chlorophyll 06 28 2010 07 09 2010 updated with Ted and Janet s comments and safety information about dry ice 8 0 Contacts 8 1 Horn Point Laboratory 8 1 1 Mailing Address Analytical Laboratory University of MD Center for Environmental Science Horn Point Laboratory P O Box 775 Cambridge MD 21613 SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 11 8 1 2 Nutrient Lab Lois Lane lane umces edu 410 221 8252 Jen O Keefe jokeefe umces edu 410 221 8276 8 1 3 Chlorophyll Pigment Lab Crystal Thomas cthomas umces edu 410 221 8291 9 0 Appended Documents 9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 7 9 8 9 9 Float Plan Vessel Log YSI Professional Plus User Manual Kestrel 3500 Weather Meter User Manual LaMotte 2020e Turbidimeter User Manual Calibration Data Sheet Data Collection Sheet Site Map Chain of Custody Form SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 12
11. meters The Secchi disk is used to give a measurement of transparency of the water column also called the Secchi depth 5 9 1 5 9 2 Slowly lower the Secchi disk until it is no longer visible and note the depth using the markings on the line Then lower the line slightly deeper Slowly raise the Secchi disk until it just becomes visible and note the depth using the markings on the line SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 7 5 9 3 Perform steps and 2 three times noting both readings Record the mean of the three readings 5 9 3 1 NOTE If the range of measurements for the three sets of readings is greater than 0 5 m the entire process should be performed again Raise and lower several times around disappearing point 5 9 3 2 NOTE No sunglasses or any other devices should be used to shade the eyes while this procedure is being performed 5 9 3 3 NOTE The Secchi depth should be determined from the shady side of the boat during daylight hours 5 9 3 4 NOTE The Secchi depths should ideally be determined by the same person during each sampling session for consistency 5 10 Turbidity Laboratory Analysis 5 10 1 Remove the Turbidimeter from its case and turn it on 5 10 2 Calibrate Turbidity Meter Turbidimeter according to user manual on seasonal basis 5 10 3 Select Measure from the Main Menu of the turbidimeter 5 10 4 Clean off the outside of the turbidity blank bottle using a Kimwipe insert it in the turbidimeter clo
12. pecific bottle and syringe using the rule of three Fill the 500 mL bottle with water just beneath the surface Fill the site specified syringe with well mixed water from the 500 mL bottle Invert plunger down opening up and slowly plunge the syringe displacing the water until 50 mL remain in the syringe Attach the site specific pre loaded filter holder to the end of the syringe Slowly and steadily push the 50 mL of sample water through the filter with the syringe aligned vertically filter at the bottom plunger at top If the water becomes very difficult to push through then stop because the filter is full Do not use excess force as this may rupture the filter Any volume between 30 200 mL of water is acceptable as long as there is some color on the filter This color generally indicates a sufficient sample for analysis Record the volume of water pushed through the filter on the data collection sheet Apply caps to each end of the filter holder and place filter holder in a cooler filled with ice on the boat Samples must be kept cool and out of sunlight for the duration of field sampling Cap 500 mL bottle retaining sampled water and store in dark location to bring back to lab This sample will serve as a back up sample should the there be a filter problem 5 9 Secchi Disk Field Test A 20 cm Secchi disk a circular plate like disk painted in alternating black and white quadrants is held by a line that is marked in tenths of
13. pth greater than three meters 3 0 m measurements will be taken at one meter 1 0 m intervals If a site has a depth of three meters or less lt 3 0 m measurements will be taken at half meter intervals Depth measurements are obtained from the GPS unit 5 5 2 Once at the site lower the YSI multi probe into the water to the depth of 0 5 m above the bottom using the marked cable attached to the probe for reference 5 5 2 1 NOTE For site WK08 depth 12 0 15 0 m exceeds YSI cable length 10 m therefore the YSI multi probe should be lowered to the extent of available cable without endangering the head computer unit 5 5 3 Allow the instrument to stabilize and record the values on the screen to the appropriate row and column on the data sheet Temperature Specific Conductance Salinity Dissolved Oxygen DO and pH 5 5 3 1 NOTE Most parameters will achieve stability rather quickly DO however tends to fluctuate to a greater extent There is no hard or fast rule as to when it has stabilized to a significant degree as it can be site and day dependent Generally record DO once you have confidence that it seems to be oscillating around a value and not drifting consistently in one direction 5 5 4 Continue raising the cable up every half 0 5 m or 1 0 m full meter depending on procedure outlined in Section 5 5 1 recording values at each interval until reaching the surface Always finish with taking a reading at the surface the highe
14. se the lid and press OK to scan blank as prompted by the display Make sure to line up small tab indent located on the vial and machine 5 10 5 Shake top or bottom turbidity sample bottle to redistribute solids 5 10 6 Wash out the glass turbidity sample bottle three times with sample site water and fill glass sample vial to the indicator line with a well mixed top or bottom turbidity sample 5 10 7 Wipe glass sample vial with a Kimwipe insert the vial in the turbidimeter aligning tab indent close the lid and press OK to scan sample The turbidimeter will average several readings before recording the final turbidity reading on the weekly data collection sheet 5 10 8 Empty glass turbidimeter sample vial and repeat step 5 10 4 through 5 10 7 for each sample 5 10 9 Empty all sample bottles and turbidimeter sample vial of site water rinse with tap water and allow to air dry 5 11 Chlorophyll a Laboratory Processing SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 8 5 11 1 Prepare seven 7 pieces of aluminum foil of approximately roll width and 10 cm long and fold in half over long axis 5 11 2 Fold in half again then unfold creating a crease 5 11 3 Create labels using labeling tape noting site date and volume pressed through filter 5 11 4 Unscrew filter housing and carefully remove filter using filter forceps 5 11 5 Place filter in aluminum foil with the center of the filter centered on the crease with side containing the intercept
15. st level that can be maintain continuous probe immersion given wind and wave action 5 6 Turbidity Sample Collection The water sampler body is designed for use in the field and is a simplified water sampler The sample is collected in a removable inner bottle which is overflowed 3 times to insure a representative sample Samples may be taken at a controlled depth by using a calibrated line Attaching a weight to the bottom of the sampling device ensures rapid descent and minimizes the amount of drift due to currents More weight should be attached to the sampling device in strong currents The sampler body is used to collect one sample one meter from the bottom of each site 5 6 1 Bottom Turbidity Sample 5 6 1 1 Remove the orange plastic center plug with inlet tubing attached SRA Tidal Monitoring SOPs Page 5 5 6 1 2 Rinse sampler body and 60 mL labeled glass collection bottle with site water using rule of three 5 6 1 3 Insert the collecting bottle with the cap removed into the inner chamber of the cylinder 5 6 1 4 Replace the orange plastic center plug and make sure the inlet tubing is inside the collecting bottle 5 6 1 5 Attach a weight to the bottom bridle of the sampler 5 6 1 6 Attach the snap clamp on the calibrated line to the bridle on top of the sampler 5 6 1 7 Uncoil enough line to just over the desired depth intervals are marked as follows black indicate 0 25 m intervals red 1 0 m and yellow 5 0 m 5 6 1 8 Qui
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