915U-D20-900/2400 Serial Data Radio
Contents
1. and is therefore sent assured Tx Retries The number of frames re transmitted due to RF errors Tx Dropped Frames The number of frames discarded after retries exhausted The following 3 parameters apply only to the Repeaters transmitting to Slaves Repeated Tx Assured Frames The number of frames transmitted via the RF Link that required an acknowledgement Repeated Tx Retries The number of frames re transmitted due to RF errors Repeated Tx Dropped Frames The number of frames discarded after retries exhausted Power Cycles The number of Hard Resets of the Microprocessor due to loss of power or improbable hardware failure RS232 Rx Errors Shows the number of RS232 receive bytes that have been lost while sending to the radio from an RS232 device RS232 Tx Errors Shows the number of RS232 transmit bytes that have been lost while sending from the radio to an RS232 device RS485 Rx Errors Shows the number of RS485 receive bytes that have been lost while sending to the radio from an RS485 device RS485 Tx Errors Shows the number of RS485 transmit bytes that have been lost while sending from the radio to an RS485 device Channel 1 Buffer Overrun Errors The number of bytes lost due to Packet Mode buffers overflow on Channel 1 Channel 2 Buffer Overrun Errors The number of bytes lost due to Packet Mode buffers overflow on Channel 2 37 gf A Bussmann 5 5 4 Radio Status The Radio Status menu provides basic informati2. Parameter changes made on any of the configuration screens are not written to the Radio until they have been reviewed and applied 1 After making changes on any of the configuration screens Complete the change by selecting the Submit button 2 Select Review Apply Changes from the top menu bar which will open the Review and Apply Changes page Any changes not written to the module will be highlighted in red text If changes are not correct you will need to return to the appropriate page and resubmit 3 Select the Apply Changes button to write the changes to the radio and reset the module The module will automatically be taken to the Home screen when complete 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address amp Subnet Mask If fewer than 255 radios are needed in your network it is recommended that the Basic IP address configuration be used This is to simplify configuration and to avoid addressing limitations with certain Windows Operating Systems For Advanced IP Configuration see Appendix A Basic IP Address and Subnet Mask Configuration The IP address will be based on the radio address which is set on the Radio Configuration page 1 Navigate to Configuration gt Radio Configuration gt Radio Parameters o Enter the Radio Address 1 254 o Click Submit 2 Navigate to Configuration gt Serial Ports Configuration o Configure the Subnet Mask to be 255 255 254 0 default This does not need to change if radio address is l
3. low grade components will create problems in the future 7 1 8 Co axial Cable Considerations The co axial cable used should be suitable for the environment specifically rated for the temperature and designed to prevent moisture penetration Minimize the number of connectors used as each one will cause a slight loss of signal and presents a point of failure Connections should be suitably weather proofed by wrapping them in 3M weather proof tape When installing the radios in a NEMA 4X weather tight electrical box the penetration for the co axial cable should be made on the bottom of the box and a drip loop created Quality co axial cable should be used such that signal loss is minimized The following table shows the signal loss that occurs with common types of cable 43 gf A Bussmann Cable Type Loss at 900MHz Loss at 2 4GHz RG58 16dB 100 feet 30dB 100 feet RG213 7 70B 100 feet 14 5dB 100 feet LMR400 3 9dB 100 feet 6 6dB 100 feet Heliax LDF6 50A 0 8dB 100 feet 1 4dB 100 feet 7 1 9 Antenna Selection Without a high quality antenna system performance cannot be realized The antenna must be able to resist corrosion strong enough to withstand the maximum wind the area is likely to experience and have suitable gain for the distance obstructions The VSWR of the antenna is critical to ensuring RF energy is propagated into the environment rather than reflected back into the radio A VSWR of less than 2 1 mus
4. the RF power output and Voltage Stand Wave Ratio VSWR can be measured or the Background Noise level can be measured E ELPRO Technologies Home Configuration Review Apply Changes Model THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 21 RF power output and VSWR Select the Fixed Frequency mode and click Submit For 30 seconds the radio will not hop but instead transmit continuously at 2 4015GHz or 902 15MHz depending on the model After the 30 second timeout the radio will stop transmitting To have the radio transmit at a fixed frequency for another 30 seconds select Submit Power must be cycled to resume normal frequency hopping operation See Section 0 Antenna Selection for more information on power and VSWR measurements Note that power to the radio should be removed when connecting and disconnecting antenna cables Background Noise Measurement This feature is useful to determine the noise floor in each radio s location The received signal strength needs to be a minimum of 10dB greater than the noise floor for successful reception The peak noise is an indication of the maximum noise received by the radio system If the peak noise is high but the average noise low interference is only occurring on a few channels and successful operation can be planned for To measure the background noise ensure the antenna is connected and aimed towards the opposite radio select Background Noise Measurement and
5. 232 Rx 232 RX GND Q232 Tx 485 485 RX 485 GND O45 oun RSSI Serial Modem CDe N N lt CH O S mje anjan aa aa scoa N EARTH GND FIGURE 3 The bottom Earth screw should be connected to a solid earth ground using suitable wire of sufficient gauge to divert any surge currents It is preferred to have the power supply isolated from an earth ground Otherwise the voltage values shown in the web pages will not be accurate 9 coum Bussmann 4 2 USB Connections The programming interface is through the Mini B USB port which is located just below the terminal block on 915U D20 900 2400 The 915U D20 900 2400 does not require external power to be programmed as the USB port can power the device however all RF circuitry Radio will be powered off This means that remote programming is not possible unless power is supplied to the device external to the USB cable See section 5 2 5 for details on Remote Radio Access 4 3 RS232 and RS485 Connections 4 3 1 RS232 Connections The RS232 connections are made via the terminal block If hardware flow control is required 5 connections must be made including the CTS and RTS terminals Computers are DTE Data Terminal Equipment devices Some PLCs programmable logic controllers are DCE devices therefore the functions of the pins on these devices will be backwards compared to a DTE device Refer to the tables be
6. 8 341 Frequency HOPPING EE 8 3 4 2 Trusted Wireless Prokoecn 8 3 4 3 Network Address and Security ID 8 34 4 ENncryplOn EE 8 Chapter 4 Connections and Powering Up cssscssscsssssseesseeesseesseeessneenseeeseees 9 4 1 P w f COMMOCHONS s sisien inaenea anasan aaa a nan aai aaa aaaea a Era earna aani 9 4 2 EISE ee 10 4 3 FRS232 and RS485 CONNECTIONS a sesecccsccesecesnceesecesesneusesesnsnssseessesssnsnsasesssesesnsessseessesssnssassesense 10 Se WEN Ee le EE 10 4 3 2 RS485 Comme ction EE 12 doa RE ie 13 4 3 4 Antenna Conpecthon EE 13 d MOn WEE 14 Chapter 5 Module Configuration csscecsssssesseeseeeseeesnesseeseeeneeeseeeseeesnessees 15 5 1 EALE ee 15 Installing the Ke 15 5 1 2 Setting your PC to Connect to the Radio ceeceesseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaeaeeeseseeeeeanaeeeeeeaes 15 51 3 Factory Default Options s 2 08 rots vedio ios AG ernie eae edad 16 5 1 4 Logging into the le Te M 17 5 1 5 Configuration Operation 18 1 Configuring IP Address amp Subnet Mack 18 5 2 CONDI ATION E 20 5 2 1 Home Page Information 00 eessscceceseseceensececenseeecsensececsensesecsenseseesensesessensesesnenseseeneneseeanss 20 5 2 2 Radio Configuration 900 amp 2400 screemg 21 5 2 3 Serial Ports Configuration cccccceceseeeeeecceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeaeseeeceseeeeeaeaeesesasaeeaeaeeeseseeeeanaseeeeeaes 26 5 2 4 Clock Sleep Configuration 900 amp 2400 screen 29 5 2 5 Remote Radio Access 30
7. D20 900 FCC ID IA9 OEM900MR CAN ID 1338B OEM900MR Model 915U D20 2400 FCC ID IA9 OEM2400MR CAN ID 1338B OEM2400MR un wrx arx ioun ET 22 sem E ELPRO PWR Technologies CMN RLY A FIGURE 1 4 coum Bussmann Chapter 3 Product Overview 3 1 Basic Features 3 1 1 Radio Description The 915U D20 900 2400 is a wireless transceiver capable of sending and receiving digital data The electrical interface is RS232 and RS485 It features a variable over the air data rate from 125kbps to 500kbps for the 900MHz radios and 19 2kbps to 250kbps for the 2 4GHz radios It utilizes the license free spread spectrum 900MHz or 2 4GHz bands Frequency hopping technology ensures reliable operation in high interference environments The design is intended for industrial applications this features a wide outdoor operating temperature range protection against common wiring errors class 1 manufactured electronics compatibility with common industrial protocols and housing materials designed for harsh environments and handling 3 1 2 Model Numbers This manual covers 2 versions of the 915U D20 900 2400 radio system They are as follows XX is Country Specific e 915U D20 900XX 900MHz transceiver IP20 DIN rail mount enclosure e 915U D20 2400XX 2 4GHz transceiver IP20 DIN rail mount enclosure 3 1 3 RS232 and RS485 Serial Ports The 915U D20 900 2400radio system inc
8. Subnet Mask The IP address of the radio needs to be entered into the address field of a browser such as Internet Explorer or Firefox Once this connection is setup it will provide an Ethernet over USB connection which is a completely separate network interface and will not interfere with any existing Ethernet connections i e Email or company related Ethernet Network connections Note If the IP address of the radio is unknown the above procedure can A also be used to show which IP Address has been configured into the modem 5 1 3 Factory Default options The device provides two ways to revert its configuration back to factory default settings Factory Defaults Using the Web Page Interface This method is preferred since it permits the user to see the configuration changes that will be applied before the changes are applied See Section 5 4 1 Factory Defaults for details on how this can be done Factory Defaults Using a Hardware Mechanism This method does not require the user to connect to the device using a web browser Changes are applied to the device immediately without any confirmation from the user e Disconnect the USB cable if connected e Power off the device e Connect terminal block pin 5 to terminal block pin 6 e Connect the device USB interface to a computer Do not apply DC power to the device The device will revert its configuration to factory defaults The user can now connect to the device using
9. area and both use the same RF band select different Network Addresses to ensure different hopping patterns are used to minimize interference between them Security ID Enter a random value between 0 and 65 535 RF Band There is one RF band for the 900MHz radios not user adjustable and three RF bands for the 2 4GHz radios If you are deploying other 915U D20 900 2400radio networks in the same area use different RF bands to minimize interference The RF bands are interleaved between each other to spread the signal across the spectrum for interference and multi path immunity Repeaters in Network If there are repeaters anywhere in the network the Master radio must be aware of this all Slaves will automatically adjust to the Master The network will function on a 4 hop cycle instead of a 2 hop cycle which will cut throughput in half Therefore only select this if you are sure repeaters will be deployed 21 v i Bussmann Additional repeaters in the network will not cause any further reduction in throughput except as each may need to do retries Retransmit Broadcasts This option will cause the master and any repeaters to repeat downstream broadcasted data to slave radios on different frequencies The values range from 0 to 3 Multiple retransmissions greatly increases the likelinood that the data will get through though it significantly impacts the total throughput of the system Select this option when there is high interference p
10. connections i e e mail access and Existing Network connectivity is retained while logged into the radios network 3 2 Wireless Introduction 3 2 1 Spread Spectrum Spread Spectrum is a term used to define a wireless system that uses a wide band but not the entire band all the time If it used the wide band 100 of the time it is referred to as a wide band system There are 3 commonly used frequencies that spread spectrum radios can use 900MHZz 2 4GHz and 5 8GHz They are referred to as ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical bands Radios using this band must be tested to meet regulatory authority rules such as FCC in the USA or Industry Canada and then can be used anywhere in that country with no additional permits or licenses required 3 2 2 Frequency Hopping Frequency hopping is a spread spectrum technique where a radio hops to different frequencies across the band The hopping pattern is a pseudo random pattern programmed into both the transmitter and receiver The 915U D20 900 2400hopping patterns were developed to minimize the likelihood of repeating patterns of frequencies This means that two radio networks can be using the same hopping frequencies but different hopping patterns If they both transmit on the same frequency at the same time the next frequency each network will hop to will be different ensuring minimal interference between two neighboring networks Frequency hopping is used by militaries around the world
11. connections refer to the diagram below Terminal Connections T 1 Power p ee e 2 Power 8 3 RF Link Relay A ELPRO Pwa 0 D 4 RF Link Relay B e IHE 5 RS232 RTS used for Onr avel fol D handshaking Cen Ae J 6 RS232 CTS used for Ocno sel 9 D handshaking Qasar M O RS485 S 7 RS232 TxD Leen weu 5 RS485 A 8 RS232 RxD C485 RX aen 6 RS485 B z GND 7 i 9 Signal Common RS232 or Ois osup UE Signal Common RS485 O RSSI Serial Modem 10 RS485 A e 11 RS485 B EE ss GEG s 5 EARTH 12 Signal Common RS232 or GND RS485 FIGURE 4 PWR 1 PWR PWR CMN 2 CMN CMN RLY A 3 RLYA RLY A 4 RLYB 4 RLYB RLY B CTS 5 CTS CTS 6 RTS 6 RTS RTS 232 TX ESA 232 TX 8 232RX 8 232 RX 232 RX 9 GND 9 GND GND 10 485 485 11 485 485 GND 12 GND GND SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block RS485 RS485 K y RS485 GND FIGURE 5 coum Bussmann 4 3 3 RF Link Contact Each radio provides a dry contact that will change state depending on the status of the radio link The contact is rated for 0 5A at 30VDC and is Normally Open N O On slave and repeater radios the RF Link contact will close once it establishes a link with a repeater or the master The RF Link reflects the upstream status of the radio link i e if the radio is
12. corners of the module Be sure to use screws of suitable material for the environment sufficient length and type to secure the device to the panel or wall The screw holes will accommodate a 4mm 3 8 diameter screw a 8 screw DIN Rail Clip Mounted DIN Rail mounting clip is fitted to the underside of the module and utilizes the slotted holes on the side of the module to hold the clip in place To mount Clip insert the two keyed tabs into the available slots on the back of the module Clip can only be mounted one way Press firmly until the Clip clicks into place To remove Clip Insert a flat blade screw driver into the slotted holes on each side of the module so that the screw driver is perpendicular to the slot Press lightly to release the Clip FIGURE 7 14 coum Bussmann Chapter 5 Module Configuration 5 1 Reference Connecting to the Radio for Configuration 5 1 1 Installing the Driver e Copy the driver to a location on your hard drive Driver file is available on the CD shipped with the product or by downloading for the following Website http www cooperindustries com content public en oussmann wireless products industrial_wireless industrial wirelessmodemsdeviceservers html e Plug the USB cable into the radio and PC e When the New Hardware Found Wizard pops up follow the prompts to install the driver from the location you ve temporarily stored it to 5 1 2 Setting your PC to Connect to
13. for secure and reliable communication By changing frequencies interference on one frequency is avoided by hopping around it Interference must span the entire ISM band in order to effectively block this type of radio After data is received on a frequency it undergoes a CRC cyclical redundancy check to determine if any of the data encountered interference If it does the data is dismissed and the radios hop to a new frequency gf A Bussmann 3 3 Master Slave Network Configuration 3 3 1 Master Slave Topology The radios operate in a master slave topology with repeaters permitted All data sent into the master serial port appears at all repeater and slave serial ports Data sent into slave or repeater serial ports appears only at the master s serial port There is no limit on the number of repeaters or their location within the network Repeaters have dual functionality as repeater slaves End devices can be connected to a repeater s serial ports s and function identically as though it were a slave lag l e PLC E SLAVE amp PLC Le REPEATER PLC SLAV PLC FIGURE 2 Adding a repeater will cause a reduction in throughput in the network as the radios will go from a 2 hop cycle alternating between transmit and receive to a 4 hop cycle master transmit repeater transmit to slave repeater receive from slave repeater transmit to master Additional repeaters will not cause any additional reduction in throug
14. is practical during a field test a software path loss study can be performed to estimate the signal strength The GPS co ordinates of each location are entered into a software program that has the topographical data for the area It will calculate the antenna height required for reception Note that software studies do not normally take into account obstructions such as trees and buildings Therefore a site visit is mandatory H the antenna height estimated by path loss software is excessive and no nearby mounting structures available consider using a repeater at a mid point Even with solar power these can often be less expensive than erecting a very tall tower 7 1 6 Fade Margin A 15dB fade margin is recommended to allow for degradation of equipment and increased obstructions in the path A lower fade margin can be tolerated in less critical applications and where no foliage growth could obstruct the signal The fade margin can be adjusted by changing the transmit power of the radios using higher quality lower loss co axial cable and or higher gain antennas Never operate a radio at the threshold of reception as communications will be intermittent 2 4GHz radios in outdoor paths should allow for rain fade Depending on the severity of precipitation in the area and the distance an additional 10dB fade margin should be considered 7 1 7 Antennas and Cabling Quality cables and antennas must be used to ensure performance of the radio Using
15. the factory defaults settings The IP address is 192 168 0 1 The subnet mask is 255 255 254 0 Do not forget to remove the connection from terminal block pin 5 and pin 6 16 castes Bussmann 5 1 4 Logging into the Radio Run a browser program such as IER D or higher or Firefox 3 0 or higher and enter the IP address of your radio do not include www or http in front just the numbers with periods The default IP address is 192 168 0 1 The Home Page will appear as follows E ELPRO Technologies Home Configuration Review Apply Changes No Zeus V1 5G2208 D Vi 0 v 4 492141 PHY 3 Uptime Days HH MM SS 00 03 01 Status 07 Network address is zero BESSER 339680011 V4 402141 PHY S Model Selected Radio Address TD THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 9 Note The Radio Address is associated with the IP address and Subnet A Mask of the module therefore if one parameter is changed it may affect the other two parameters See Section 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address and Subnet Mask for more details If the radio is not connected to a DC power supply and only powered through the USB port Maintenance Mode will appear in red text Note When accessing configuration parameters while the radio is simultaneously passing large amounts of serial data some parameters may appear blank on some menus Refresh the page to reload blank parameters 17 v i Bussmann 5 1 5 Configuration Operation
16. version should be reviewed to ensure it is the most recent The following link provides a location were firmware updates will be available Be sure to download the version applicable to your model htto Awww cooperindustries com content public en bussmann wireless products industr ial wireless industrial wirelessmodemsdeviceservers html There is firmware for the RF board and firmware for the device The radio will automatically determine which firmware has been downloaded and install it to the RF board device or both To upgrade the firmware select Maintenance gt Firmware Update E ELPRO Technologies Home n Review Apply Changes nar Diagnostics Firmware Update Name of File to Load into the device Ent fia nan the full pat Br Deeg TTT V4 432141 PHY 3 Model Selected Radio Address FE THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 20 Click Browse to locate the file and click Update Firmware Note If power fails the USB connector unplugged or other failure occurs during an update it may not have completed the update and you will have to repeat the process Power must be cycled if the firmware update process is interrupted It is generally recommended that all radios in a network have their firmware upgraded rather than selectively upgrading some radios Configuration settings are retained after a firmware update 33 v i Bussmann 5 5 Diagnostics 5 5 1 Radio Test Mode By selecting one of the two options
17. 5 3 Review Apply CharnGe a 1sssssscscsscecsssersscrsssecussessnsnsnsnsuseensnsnsasessaesesnsesasessansnsneesanesuseseaneesaneosanss 31 2 castes Bussmann 5 4 Maint nanCe EE 32 S41 Factory Deele et seet head hie od Le erent rtl aed 32 E TEE 32 543 Firmware Updates gta Meed nd eee eet plea lia pete linear 33 5 5 Rer 34 SST Rado Test Mode ergeet EE GENEE EEGEN 34 ER lee B i 35 SSS ele REI 36 554 Radio RE 38 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting creccsiscsisciessecccecssecscanssndsassensssussveusaecsenssenisnnscuesausscweasens 39 6 1 Stat s LED Ndi A S e eege 39 Gl RF Ein LED FUNCION iness aaa aaan aaa neat a a aAa a aaea a a E a a 39 6 1 2 Tx and Rx LED Functions Transmit and Receive AAA 40 6 1 3 Received Signal Strength Indicator DG 41 Chapter 7 Network Planning csscsscsecseeesnesseseeeneeeneeeneeesneeseeseeeneeeneesnessnens 42 7 1 Selecting d 42 LAA POWER SOUICCis EE 42 7 1 2 Mounting Structure for the Antenn 42 7 1 3 Convenient Access to the Radio for Troubleshooting csecccseeeceeeeeteeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeaes 42 7 1 4 Temperature and Humidity Control 42 7 1 Radio Propagation Kette sh aukoad dente donoa a onde daa eed 43 Thr Fade MaM enei aaannwat di edn iad iat ee tees 43 7 1 7 Antennas and Cabling ccccececececcsseceseeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeceeeeseeaeaeseceseeeesaeaeeecesaeeeasaseeseseeeeeataseeeeeaes 43 7 1 8 Co axial Cable Considerations AA 43 7 1 9 Antenn
18. ELPRO Technologies COOPER Bussmann 915U D20 900 2400 Serial Data Radio User Manual 900MHz and 2 4GHz Versions Models e 915U D20 900 e 915U D20 2400 ELPRO Technologies 9 12 Billabong Street Stafford QLD 4053 Australia www cooperbussmann com BussmannWireless Technical Support America 866 7134409 Rest of the world 617 3352 8624 V1 1 4 Contents Chapter 1 Safety and Precautions c ccsscsseseeseeesnessnesseeseesseeeseeseesseeseeeneeeenes 4 Chapter 2 Reg lator tee eebe 4 Chapter 3 Product Overview s ssnesnsununennenrennnnnnnnunnunnunnnnnnnunnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nanmanna nnen 5 3 1 Basie FOQUUIGS eer ENEE ENEE 5 SL Radio Descnpidi asoeio ieee eines aint eed deed eats eed dee 5 312 Model NUMDETS e uge esctveds i sheteecececetenndhesenatcdeadbeddbeces RENE dE Eet bees eege dE Aen 5 3 1 38 RS232 and RS485 Serial Porte 5 3 1 4 USB Port Programming Interface 5 3 2 Wireless INtrOCuctiOn csscscsccsscrcescenenseneenenseneenenseneenenseneenensenennensenesnensenenneneenenneneenenneneenesnenennenees 6 3 2 1 Spread Spectra EE 6 3 2 2 Frequency HOPPING EE 6 3 3 Master Slave Network ContiQguration sssssssssscssssssessssssrsesessssrsssnsesnssessssssnsesesssssesssnssesssensess 7 33 1 Master Slave Topol gi a etuteierer deeg vivre nena dan vin edonieas 7 3 4 Encryption and Security 2 sscsccccececcesersescesecssusrsssnssnsseusesesnsssesssusesssnsssanesusesesesssnnssuseseansaenseonsese
19. Hz radios Received This is the number of packets 1 per frequency hop received by the radio that passed the CRC16 error check and were therefore valid Lost This is the number of packets that failed the CRC16 error check and were discarded RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication This is a measure of how strong the RF signal was on that particular frequency expressed in dBm It is normal to see some 35 v i Bussmann variation among frequencies due to multi path effects RSSI measurement does not apply on the Master radio 5 5 3 Radio Statistics This menu provides critical data for determining how well a radio is performing within a network It should always be consulted when troubleshooting To access this menu select Diagnostics gt Radio Statistics ELPRO Technologies Home Configuration Review Apply Changes Maintenance Diagnostics Radio Statistics Rx Frames Received Repeated Tx Retries Rx Errors Repeated Tx Dropped Frames Rx Dropped Frames Power Cycles RS232 Rx Errors RS232 Tx Errors RS485 Rx Errors RS485 Tx Errors RF Link Lost Count Rx Success Percent Tx Assured Frames Tx Retries Tx Dropped Frames Channel 1 Buffer Overrun Errors es P De De G RH ca b s Repeated Tx Assured Frames Channel 2 Buffer Overrun Errors Model Selected Radio Address THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 23 Note The numbers presented are all relative If the maximum count on one A paramete
20. I and the Orr mg 1 I negative lead on the test point labeled GND Mee OR ms o At 2 0V there will be a 15dB fade margin at 2 5V there will be a gt WE 25dB fade margin and the threshold of reception will be at om Omer ee 19 H 1 25VDC Scaling of the voltage output is 10dB per0 5VDC The ves San i voltage output will vary due to multi pathing A 2 0VDC signal L rss Seta oder minimum is recommended to allow for degradation of the RF link Go Ee over time S a FIGURE 26 45 500kbps 65 75 85 95 105 1 25 1 75 2 25 2 75 3 25 3 75 Volts FIGURE 27 41 castes Bussmann Chapter 7 Network Planning 7 1 Selecting the Site Each location for master slave or repeaters requires the following 7 1 1 Power Source Power source can be provided by a 120 240VAC step down transformer with further rectification to reduce the voltage down to 9 30VDC Or an external solar power source with battery It is recommended to have the power supply isolated from ground for more effective input protection 7 1 2 Mounting Structure for the Antenna Depending on the range there must be some accommodation for mounting the antenna at a suitable height to overcome obstructions and provide Fresnel Zone clearance This could be a pole embedded in a concrete base or a building with access to the roof For long range installations this may require the construction of a tower complete with guide wires for support The antenna mounting
21. INK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 14 Baud Rate This is the speed that data will flow through the port The settings of 31 25k 45 45k and 93 75k are for the Profibus protocol Data Bits This determines how many bits will make up a frame of data The majority of protocols use 8 bits Parity This is a method for detecting errors in a transmission Possible selections are even or odd or none Most equipment uses no parity 26 v i Bussmann Stop Bits This determines how many bits mark the end of a frame of data The most common setting is 1 Flow Control The radio supports hardware flow control CTS and RTS which uses pins 7 and 8 on the RS232 connector applicable to RS232 only Hardware flow control works by regulating the data flowing into and out of the transmitting radio By doing so it will prevent data flowing into the radio faster that it can be transmitted out over the air preventing lost data It should be enabled in circumstances where the messages sent into the radio are larger than the radio s buffer of 4K bytes and particularly when the serial port speed is faster than the radios over the air speed Note that the radio over the air speed is divided between transmit and receive and can be slowed by radio settings such as Retransmit Broadcasts and Repeaters in Network as well as any outside radio interference in the area Connection Mode This refers to whether the receiving radio buffers a message until the
22. LESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 18 31 v i Bussmann 5 4 Maintenance 5 4 1 Factory Defaults E ELPRO Technologies Review Apply Changes Model Selected Radio Address THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO coofen Bussmann FIGURE 19 This feature allows the user to restore the modules to its Factory Default values The user must be able to connect to the device using the web interface e Connect to the device using a web browser e Navigate to Maintenance gt Reset e Click Reset to Factory Defaults e Click OK to the confirmation dialog box The device has accepted the request but has not yet saved the factory defaults settings e Manually navigate to Review Apply Changes to complete the operation e Click Apply Changes to complete the operation This saves the factory default settings and resets the device so the new settings take effect e Orclick Discard Changes to abandon the operation 5 4 2 Reset This feature allows the radio to be reset to or re booted The reboot feature re starts the radio which is the equivalent of cycling power It is useful when remotely accessing radios via the over the air link The web page needs to be refreshed after this function 32 v i Bussmann 5 4 3 Firmware Update Periodically new versions of firmware will be made available which will enhance performance and or add new features If problematic operation is encountered after basic troubleshooting the firmware
23. Red RF Rx No data passing Radio receiving RF circuitry not x data powered on e Radio RF circuitry not AR e transmitting data powered on Serial channel Serial channel assigned D assigned no ata flowin e Data lost due to Me physical normally physical buffer overflow connection connection detected detected Serial channel Serial channel assigned Data flowin assigned ZS Data lost due to AE pnysieal normally prysical buffer overflow connection connection detected detected Serial channel l Data flowing Data lost due to Roag Ry assigned no normally x buffer overflow data flow Serial channel Data flowing Data lost due to ARES Te assigned normally S buffer overflow data flow The layout of the LED s is as follows C LINK RF RX _ RF TX C GND 232 RX C 232 TX C 485 RX C 485 TX C RSSI FIGURE 25 40 castes Bussmann 6 1 3 Received Signal Strength Indicator RSSI The radio provides 2 methods of determining the RSSI e The Configuration program as described in section 5 5 4 Radio Status e Two voltage test points in line with the indicator LED s on the front panel provide a 0 3 3VDC output representing the RSSI The voltage output provides a quick method of determining the O O wee igs EG RER on E signal strength which will aid in aiming antennas Place the positive ew IHE lead of your voltmeter on the test point labeled RSS
24. a Selection oo eeeeeeeceeseseeseseeeseeceseeeeeeecscecesesesaeessceeeaeseeeeessceeaesesaeesaeeatseetenessenetaneeeenees 44 7 1 10 Antenna Mounting Considerations ccceccccssecseeeeeeeeececeseeeeceeaeeeeaeaeeesesaseesateeeeseeaseeeas 44 7 2 Maintaining System Performance ssssccccecscssseescesscsssssssnsessseesesesnssssessaesnsnsesssesssesssesssseenense 45 7 2 1 Antennas and Co axial Cable EE 45 F 2 2 POWER ele ins tenth ae a ae ed A Re a 45 e AGROUNGING ches ee eh Seek oR hs a ha I a ah Re a aa oa 45 Chapter 8 Specilicatlon si cscicccsssinisciescesctescinsscasssedsnavinadtecsnnsieendenadenssecuioussuessinacens 47 8 1 TM 47 8 2 900 MHZ Radio Specifications ssssssccesecscssseesnsesssscsnsessnsnsssesssesssnsnsssessaesssneesseesssesesnsnsasessense 47 8 3 2 4GHz Radio SPeCifiCatiONS ssscscccsececssserscsesssecsesensnersscessssensnensscessssensesnsacessausnsesesseessasensnsens 48 PDDEN GIOIA EEE E E T O E A EET 49 3 re A Bussmann Chapter 1 Safety and Precautions WARNING EXPLOSION HAZARD Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been switched off and the area is known to be non hazardous Chapter 2 Regulatory This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Model 915U
25. a repeater it will show the status of the link to the master only not any downstream slaves If the radio is a master the RF Link is closed as long as power is applied See the previous section for wiring terminations Indicator EERE PWR p oP SC RLY A CS 0 OLINK SE d WI RLY B SES 0 Q CTS ORF TX RTS O end 232 TX Q 232 RX 232 RX GND Q232 7x 485 C 485 RX 485 GND O45 oun O RSSI Serial Modem cooker Bussmann n D D 5555555 Sooo FIGURE 6 4 3 4 Antenna Connection Power should be removed from the radio when connecting or disconnecting antennas The antenna connector is an SMA The recommended antennas are 915U D20 900 e Model CFD 890EL 900MHz dipole antenna e Model SG900EL 900MHZ collinear omni directional antenna e Model SG900 6 900MHZ collinear omni directional antenna e Model YU6 900 MHz 6 Element directional Yagi antenna 13 coum Bussmann 915U D20 2400 e Model MD2400 EL 2 4 GHz 2 dBi dipole antenna e Model SG2400 EL 2 4 GHz 5dBi collinear omni directional antenna e Model Z2400 EL 2 4 GHz 10 dBi collinear omni directional antenna e Model Y2400 18EL 2 4 GHz 18 Element directional Yagi antenna 4 3 5 Mounting The enclosure can be mounted in one of two methods Flat panel or wall mounts DIN Rail Clip mounted Flat Panel Mounting Screw the enclosure to a flat surface using the 2 holes on diagonally opposite
26. able in their internal memory After this time expires a new routing table will be created This is necessary as some radio paths may become unavailable due to power loss equipment damage etc A recommended default value is 20 minutes 1200 seconds A value of 0 can be set to prevent the routing table from being cleared Serial Channel Mapping Data that goes into the serial port of one radio can be sent to either serial port of another radio and vice versa This is done by mapping each serial port to a channel There are 2 independent serial channels A serial port that is 27 gf A Bussmann not mapped to a channel will be inactive To have data sent to the RS232 ports of all radios ensure they are all mapped to the same channel Simultaneously independent data even different protocols could be passed among the RS485 ports by using the second channel Data can be passed between the RS232 and RS485 ports of the same radio by mapping both serial ports to the same channel In this application care must be taken to ensure that both serial ports don t attempt to transmit data at the same time End Point Termination Enabling this will insert a 120 ohm termination resistor to prevent the reflection of signals Enable this if this radio will be at the end of a RS485 loop particularly if there are long cable runs involved USB Port Configuration These settings affect how access via the USB port is configured IP Address This is the
27. address you will need to type into the Address Bar of your web browser each time you wish to access the radio See Section 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address amp Subnet Mask for details on how this is changed Subnet Mask The mask used to determine which bits are read The last byte is typically O zero See Section 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address amp Subnet Mask for details on how this is changed Device Name This is text stored in the internal memory of the radio cosmetically used for identifying individual radios within a network Common names would be the location where the radio is to be mounted 28 gf A Bussmann 5 2 4 Clock Sleep Configuration 900 amp 2400 screens A Note Sleep Configuration is only available on 2 4GHz radios These settings allow you to set the radio into sleep mode to reduce power consumption for solar or battery power sources Sleep mode power consumption will be approximately 22 of the normal current draw To enable Sleep Mode select Configuration gt Clock Sleep Configuration ELPRO Technologies E ELPRO Technologies Clock Sleep Configuration IRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 15 FIGURE 16 Enter the time and date or have it set to your PC s time and date by selecting Set value to PC Time Double check the time your PC is set to as well ensure it is set to the correct time zone Note that daylight savings time is not accounted for Click your mouse in the Enable S
28. click Submit After 30 seconds the radio will complete the measurement and display the results in dBm on the web page To repeat the test select Submit Power will need to be cycled to return to module to its normal operation 34 v i Bussmann All other radios in the network should be powered off such that they do not contribute to the noise floor measurement 5 5 2 Radio Channel Statistics This feature allows you to see how well the radio is communicating on each of the frequencies in use If you see that some frequencies have very low success rates you may be able to avoid those frequencies depending on the model to improve the radios performance To use this feature power up the radios and pass serial data back and forth for some period of time the longer the time period the greater the accuracy of the statistical data Since master radios always transmit in order to maintain network synchronization it is not necessary to pass serial data if checking statistics on slave radios Log into the radio and select Diagnostics gt Radio Channel Statistics E ELPRO Technologies Home Configuration Review Apply Changes Maintenance Diagnostics Radio Channel Statistics Freq Revd Lost RSSI Freq Revd Lost MHz packets packets MHz packets packets 2401 5 0 H 5 WER 240 446 5 449 5 Refresh Model THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 22 Note 50 channels will be shown for 9OOMHz and 27 channels for the 2 4G
29. data is not publicly known This forms an additional wall a hacker must attempt to break through 3 4 3 Network Address and Security ID A Network Address is used by the protocol to differentiate this radio network from other 915U D20 900 2400radio networks in the same area A number between 1 and 4 2 billion must be entered into each radios configuration and must be the same on all radios within the same network In addition a Security ID value between 0 and 65 535 must be entered and common to all radios in a network By combining the Network Address with the Security ID the odds are astronomically small that 2 networks would ever unintentionally communicate with each other 3 4 4 Encryption The 915U D20 900 2400features AES Advanced Encryption Standard in 3 key strengths 128 192 or 256 bit keys All radios in a network must use the same encryption key AES is secure enough to be approved for use by the US Government for encryption of TOP SECRET data gf A Bussmann Chapter 4 Connections and Powering Up 4 1 Power Connections The power requirements are a regulated 9 30VDC source Ensure there is sufficient current see the Specifications section for your specific models average and peak current requirements The average power consumption value should be used for battery sources and the peak power consumption value for DC power supplies E PIIR fol a Sen an CO RF RX RLY B CTS ORF Tx RTS QO cnp 232 TX O
30. dio becomes unavailable it will roam to another radio If roaming is disabled you must enter the Radio Address of the master you wish this radio to link with under Alternate Master Tx Power Transmit Power This adjusts the amount of RF power the radio sends out It is generally recommended to use the minimum RF power necessary to maintain a 15dB fade margin to accommodate other RF systems in the area Link Timeout tenths of seconds This is the time the radio will wait after receiving the last successful packet from the master or repeater before its RF Link relay drops out and the radio roams or looks for an alternate master Radio Parameters Alternate Master Address Settings Alternate Masters Address 1 2 and 3 Applicable to slave and repeater radios and only when roaming is set to No This option determines which master or repeater a repeater slave radio will try to link to Setting Roaming to Yes in some topologies could allow a slave to link to a master even though the link quality is poor To prevent this disable Roaming and enter the Radio Address of the repeater you wish the radio to link to There is no priority sequence if multiple masters are enabled A slave will link to the first master repeater it finds regardless of link quality 23 gf A Bussmann Radio Encryption AES Encryption is supported with 3 possible levels The encryption key must be the same on all radios within a network To access wireless e
31. e on receive If sufficient current is not available when the radio goes into transmit mode in mild cases the range of the radio will be reduced in more severe cases the radio may stop operating An oscilloscope should be used to evaluate the voltage if it is suspected it may drop below the radios specified input Though the radio can tolerate a wide range of power supply input voltages a regulated supply that varies by no more than 10 of the rated voltage should still be used 7 2 3 Grounding The radio system should be grounded for protection against lightning strikes Grounding requirements are beyond the scope of this manual This section provides very general recommendations Grounding does not affect propagation or the antenna system except with regards to lightning strikes If the antenna is installed indoors grounding is not required in most cases A single point ground should be used by all equipment that is electrically connected The use of surge protection equipment to divert voltage surges to earth ground via ground straps or wires must be used to prevent damaging surges through the electronic equipment If there is more than one ground point damage can occur as current travels from one ground to another through electronic equipment such as during a nearby lightning strike the closer earth ground will have a higher potential creating a damaging ground loop A lightning strike can cause damage by striking the antenna and t
32. ecific DNS Suffix Description z ELPRO 915U D 66 15 EE 60 06 GF Dhcp Enabled futoconfiguration Enabled s EECHER e Re e wm e E 168 Tt Subnet Mask 255 254 8 Default Gateway H DHCP Server Ge 0 1 Lease Obtained gt Monday Nugist 29 2011 3 67 46 PM Lease Expires g August 29 2611 11 67 46 PM FIGURE 10 19 ll Bussmann 5 2 Configuration 5 2 1 Home Page Information The home page provides some important information about the radio Device Serial Number serial number printed on the outside of the enclosure Device Firmware Version mother board firmware Radio Serial Number serial number of the RF board Radio Firmware Version RF board firmware version Uptime Total time since the last reset Status Will indicate the Internal Error status value which can be referenced to the table below Status Message Table A No Errors Reported The radio module failed to initialize The installed radio module was not the expected type of module The device file system failed to initialize correctly The device s manufacturing database is misconfigured The device s user database is requires configuration The device s network address is zero The Device lost main power during steady state operation o 00 NI op on o po O The device is operating in Maintenance Only mode The device s USB interface is not consistent C
33. entire message has been received and then sends it out its serial port in a continuous fashion or whether it sends the message out in small portions as it arrives Options below e Packet To buffer a message for Modbus Profibus or similar packet mode protocols e Streaming For protocols that use a symbol to determine the end of a message Serial Channel Protocol If using one of three protocols Modbus RTU Profibus DEI the master radio will determine which slave radio is connected to each Modbus Profibus DF1 slave device during the first successful round of polling It builds up a Routing Table matching the slave Radio Address to the Modbus Profibus DF 1 address In subsequent polling the master radio will request an acknowledgement from the matched slave radio that the message was received If it does not receive the acknowledgement the master will retry sending the message until the acknowledgement is received The number of retries the master will do before giving up is specified under Retries in the Radio Parameters menu To enable this feature select the protocol your network is using This feature has no effect on slave radios as normal messages from slave to master are acknowledged regardless of protocol Routing Table Timeout in seconds Related to Serial Channel Protocol if that feature is enabled a value needs to be entered in Routing Table Timeout This is the time the master and repeater radios will retain the routing t
34. ess than 255 o Configure the IP Address that you wish to use The Default IP range will be 192 168 0 X where X is the Radio Address which is configured from the radio address in step 1 E g If the Radio address is 15 the IP address will be 192 168 0 15 If the Radio address is 200 the IP address will be 192 168 0 200 f adifferent IP address is required then change it here however keep in mind the last octet of the IP address is not editable as it is configured from the radio address For more advanced configurations see Appendix A o Click Submit 18 gf A Bussmann 3 Navigate to Review Apply Changes o Review Changes will be indicated in red o Click Apply Changes to save the new configuration or Discard Changes to abandon the configuration and revert back to what it was before o Confirm the dialog box by clicking OK The browser will be re directed to the updated IP Address when the changes are complete You can also type this IP Address into your browser s URL address bar If you forget the IP address of the device you can determine the IP address as follows e Connect the device to the PC via the USB cable e From a command prompt window type ipconfig all lt Enter gt The device s configuration should be listed as one of the networking connections The device s IP Address is listed as a DHCP Server as shown in Figure 10 below thernet adapter Local Area Connection 8 Connection sp
35. est If data throughput is more important the throughput setting will force radio to spend more time sending receiving data than changing frequencies 22 gf A Bussmann Radio Parameters Radio Settings Radio Mode Master slave or repeater There can only be one master in any network any number of repeaters in any layout with the remaining radios being slaves Repeaters have dual functionality as both a repeater for more distant radios and a slave If a remote radio will never be required to function as a repeater do not assign it as a repeater as there will be a small throughput penalty Radio Address Each radio in the network must have a different Address The full range is 1 to 65530 however if fewer than 255 Radios are required the address range will need to be between 1 amp 254 See section 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address amp Subnet Mask for more details on addressing Write down the Radio Address on a label and fix to the radio Retries This is the number of times a slave or repeater will try to send data upstream towards the master in case of error The master or repeater will acknowledge all messages If no acknowledgement is received the slave or repeater will resend the data Weak radio links and high interference environments may require a higher setting Roaming A related parameter is Alternate Master If roaming is enabled a slave or repeater will lock to the first master or repeater it finds If that ra
36. hannels WLAN channel None i WLAN channel Frequency ranges 24000 24835 Range 1 Lz kHz io kHz Range 2 KHz DR e Range 3 d Mk D j Model Selected Radio Address O THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO COOPER Bussmann FIGURE 13 Enter the WLAN channels to avoid and or frequency ranges Select Submit then Apply Settings on the Review screen Note Care should be taken when configuring Frequency Avoidance A parameters to ensure all communicating devices match one another Non matching parameters can result in partial communications i e modules appear to be linked but you will not be able to transmit any serial data 25 v i Bussmann 5 2 3 Serial Ports Configuration The RS232 and or RS485 serial ports must be configured to match the settings on the device they will be connected to This menu also allows configuration of the USB port programming interface The following settings must be the same on the radio and the end device in order for them to communicate e Baud rate e Data bits e Parity e Stop bits e Flowcontrol To configure the serial and USB ports select gt Configuration gt Serial Ports gt Configuration ELPRO Technologies Rewew Apply Changes Serial Ports Configuration 232 Configuration RS485 Configuration Baud Rate Sreaming wl None Chonnel2 wl D EN e S lt Data Bits Parity Parity Stop Bits BR 8 ne ais el E Di Ki EN Model TH
37. hput unless interference is present and the radios must retry its transmissions All communications are typically controlled by the master since the 915U D20 900 2400is a half duplex radio However this radio incorporates technology that allows for assured delivery to the master of messages generated by a slave or repeater This includes compatibility with report by exception devices castes Bussmann 3 4 Encryption and Security 3 4 1 Frequency Hopping Frequency hopping provides the first layer of defense against unwanted intruders By hopping to different frequencies the radio provides a moving target to a potential jammer It has been used by militaries around the world since its development for that purpose in WWII A jammer must create interference across the entire ISM band before the radio can be blocked 3 4 2 Trusted Wireless Protocol Cooper Wireless has developed a proprietary wireless protocol optimized for sending industrial protocols There are many benefits to the Trusted Wireless protocol e Optimized for transmitting industrial protocols e Manages repeaters efficiently to maximize throughput e Eliminates unnecessary overhead common in public protocols like 802 1 1 e Specialized design eliminates bandwidth intensive features e Ability for slave radio to transmit at any time report by exception In addition to these features using a proprietary protocol has the security advantage that the format of the
38. icrosoft Article ID 281579 at http support microsoft com kb 281579 50 al Bussmann
39. imultaneously it will take priority It is possible that some parameters may appear blank because of a high volume of serial data traffic Caution If network setting changes are made to a remote radio it will lose link to the master until the master s network settings are adjusted to match it Careful planning is required to ensure that network upgrades can be done without a lot of disruption ELPRO Technologies Configuration Review Apply Changes Model Selected Radio Address THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 17 30 v i Bussmann 5 3 Review Apply Changes This menu allows you to review any changes made to the configuration before they are sent to the radio Changes that are not yet implemented will appear in red Review all changes carefully before selecting the Apply Changes button which will save all settings to the radio Refresh the page after implementing Note 915U D20 900 amp 915U D20 2400 Review and Apply screens are marginally dissimilar due to differences in configuration parameters E ELPRO Technologies Home Review Apply Changes Review and Apply Changes Radio Parameters Radio Frequency Avoidance RS485 Port hannel 2 Sleep Mode General Device PA 932 168 0 1 H 8 Za pa D S RW i See L LR Stave el E 0 ee ef ES C eo II II Alt e Master 3 Addre Device Name Radio Encryption Changes e pe Ke GOTE 915U 020 2400U Selected Radio Address FD THINK WIRE
40. leep Mode box The Wake Up Time refers to the time the on off cycle starts and is reset every 24 hours Enter an On Time as well as an Off Time The sum total of the on duration and the off duration will determine the radio cycle time For example if the on duration is 10 minutes and the off duration is 50 minutes the total cycle time will be 60 minutes If the cycle time is not an even multiple of 24 hours the cycle will be forced to restart with the on duration every 24 hours at the Wake Up time Be sure to allow sufficient time for other equipment to boot up warm up readings to stabilize and data to be received and sent back to the master station A common method of operating the sleep timer is to have the radio wake up as often as necessary The master device polls continuously 24 hours a day and gracefully accepts communication errors when the slave radio is sleeping 29 v i Bussmann 5 2 5 Remote Radio Access Remote access to any radio is supported from any other radio if they have a solid RF link All functions possible when directly connected to a radio can be accessed remotely This includes any configuration change and firmware upgrades To access a remote radio connect to the USB port on your local radio and open the Remote Radio Connect screen below Next enter the IP address of the remote radio You will then be directed to the remote radios home page Be aware that if there is serial data traffic being sent s
41. low Connecting to a DTE device such as a PC Computer Radio Terminal TxD RS232 pin 3 8 RxD RxD RS232 pin 2 7 TxD GND pin 5 9 Signal Common RTS pin 7 6 CTS CTS pin 8 5 RTS Connecting to a DCE device such as some PLC s End Device i e PLC Radio Terminal TxD RS232 pin 2 8 RxD RxD RS232 pin 3 7 TxD GND pin 5 9 Signal Common RTS pin 8 6 CTS CTS pin 7 5 RTS 10 gf A Bussmann DCE to DTE 3 Wire Connection DCE to DCE 3 Wire Connection No Handshaking No Handshaking DCE PWR 1 MN 21 RIYA 3 crs f5 RTS 6 232 TX DB 9 Male connector 485 12 GND SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block DCE to DTE 5 Wire Connection DCE to DCE 5 Wire Connection With Handshaking With Handshaking DB 9 Male connector 12 GND SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block SR2000 12 Terminal Block FIGURE 6 11 v i Bussmann 4 3 2 RS485 Connections The 915U D20 900 2400supports both RS232 and RS485 simultaneously Note Note For better surge protection of RS485 the maximum preferred cable A length for RS485 connections to the 915U D20 900 2400 radio should not exceed 10m 33 feet However if cable lengths beyond 10m 33 feet are required then a shielded twisted pair must be used with the shield connected to an earth ground at one end only For RS485
42. ludes a RS232 and a RS485 serial port both of which are available on a terminal block The RS232 port provides for 5 connections TXD transmit data RXD receive data GND ground and if handshaking is being used CTS and RTS clear to send and ready to send The RS485 port is half duplex providing 2 connections plus a ground on the terminal block RS485 termination resistor is selectable via Configuration Software Both serial ports can be used simultaneously but are only used for transmitting and receiving user data Configuration is done through the USB port 3 1 4 USB Port Programming Interface There is a mini B USB connector on the radio for configuration It connects to a PCs USB port using a standard USB 2 0 adaptor cable USB A Male to Mini B Male Recommended cable details below Part No Manufacturer AK672M 2 2 R Assmann WSW Components 3021009 06 Qualtek 5 gf A Bussmann It is identical to the cable used to interface many digital cameras to PCs This USB connection can power the radio during configuration only It does not power the RF module for normal operation The USB interface offers many advantages over traditional serial or Ethernet interfaces No baud rate parity or other serial port parameters to match after initial setup Power connections do not need to be made for configuration USB connection provides a completely separate Ethernet over USB connection which will not interfere with existing Ethernet
43. ncryption select Configuration gt Radio Configuration gt Radio Encryption E ELPRO Technologies Configuration Review Apply Changes Encryption Ono Encryption Sp bit Encryption Enter 32 digits 0 9 a t or AF oom 192 bit Encryption Enter 48 digits 0 9 a f or AH Key SA 256 bit Encryption Enter 64 digits 0 9 af or AF Key Mode 9154 020 24000 THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 12 To enable encryption select the key size and enter a key Only hexadecimal characters may be used 0 9 and a f or A F As an alternate you may have the program randomly generate a key Write this key down and store it in a safe location You will need this information if you add additional radios to the network at a later date Select Submit and Apply Settings 24 v i Bussmann Frequency Avoidance 915U D20 2400 Only Frequency Avoidance enables the radio to avoid certain frequencies used by other systems The 2 4GHz radios can avoid up to 2 WLAN channels as well as certain frequency blocks The 2 4GHz radios require 27 frequencies in order to operate and abide by local regulatory authority rules The configuration menu will display an error message if you have avoided too many frequencies To enable Frequency Avoidance select Configuration gt Radio Configuration gt Frequency Avoidance ELPRO Technologies Configuration Review Apply Changes Frequency Avoidance WLAN c
44. on on the radio system To access this menu select Diagnostics gt Radio Status The page will look slightly different on master vs slave radios The screen capture below is from a slave ELPRO Technologies Home Configuration Review Apply Changes Maintenance Radio Status RSSI dBm Link Status Master Address Power Supply Voltage V Temperature degQ Model Selected Radio Address HE THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO FIGURE 24 RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator This is a measure of how strong the RF signal is in dBm The RSSI should be 15dB above the threshold of reception for reliable communications On repeater radios this measures the link between the repeater and master It is not functional on master radios Link Status This tells you if the radio has established an RF Link This is not functional on master radios On repeater radios it refers to its link with the master Master Address This is the Address of the master or repeater radio this device is linked to It is not shown on master radios Power Supply Voltage Voltage at the input terminals Temperature Temperature in degrees C inside the module 38 v i Bussmann Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 6 1 Status LED Indicators The radio has the following LED s RF Link Provides status of the RF Link and link quality RF Receive RF data being received via the radio and directed to its serial port RF Transmit RF data being broadcas
45. onfig Fault The device s branding configuration option is not consistent The device s USB interface is not consistent Build Mismatch Radio configuration failed during initialization In the lower left corner the model number of the radio is shown and on the right the address of the radio Note that remote configuration is possible therefore attention should be paid to ensure you are connected to the radio you intend to configure or diagnose 20 castes Bussmann 5 2 2 Radio Configuration 900 amp 2400 screens Select Configuration gt Radio Configuration gt Radio Parameters E ELPRO Technologies ontiyur ation Network Settings Network Address D 4 294 967 295 ID Gm 250 kbps Throughput Alternate Master 3 Address 1 65530 Model Selected Radio Address ED THINK WIRELESS THINK ELPRO COOPER Bussmann FIGURE 11 Radio Parameters Network Settings These parameters must be the same on all radios in the network The Radio Settings can be set differently on each radio and in some cases must be set differently Network Address Enter a random value between 1 and 4 2 billion Zero 0 is invalid factory default and indicates that the radio needs configuration before deployment The Network Address influences the hopping pattern the network will use the order the radios will go through their assigned frequencies If two networks are to be installed in the same
46. ource of interference Lastly alignment of antennas is important Avoid placing your antenna directly in front of a yagi antenna Careful planning when designing the system entails some research into what other antennas and radio systems are mounted on the tower or building 44 gf A Bussmann 7 2 Maintaining System Performance 7 2 1 Antennas and Co axial Cable Antennas should be checked periodically for corrosion and to ensure the mounting bolts are tight Co axial cable should be checked for signs of wear and to ensure the connectors are tight and moisture and corrosion free A VSWR voltage standing wave ratio measurement should be made periodically to ensure that the antenna and co axial cabling system is functioning as originally installed Cable Connections One of the more common problems with radio systems is the connectors They should be tight free of corrosion and weatherproof If crimping or soldering your own connectors onto a length of co axial cable test the new cable connector configuration at the frequency of your radio A simple conductivity test using at Ohnmmeter is not sufficient 7 2 2 Power Supply The power source should be checked to ensure sufficient current and voltage is supplied to the radio A common problem is additional equipment added to a control cabinet without regard for the increased load on the power supply A frequency hopping radio consumes large amounts of power during transmit cycles but littl
47. r is reached all counts are divided by 2 There are some exceptions on parameters that are not comparable to other parameters such as Lost Link Count Device Hard Resets and Buffer Overrun Errors Rx Frames Received The number of valid frames received by the radio One frame is transmitted on each frequency hop Slave radios do not transmit anything unless data is sent into its serial port Rx Errors The number of frames that failed the CRC16 error check This value will always be correct relative to the Rx Frames Received count RX Dropped Frames The number of frames that were dropped due to the buffer on the receiving radio being full received over the RF link This value will always be correct relative to the Rx Frames Received count RF Link Lost Count The number of times the radio has lost RF Link since the last power cycle Rx Success Percent The ratio of valid frames to the total number of frames received 36 v i Bussmann Tx Assured Frames The number of frames transmitted via the RF Link that required an acknowledgement Assured Frames are those that get sent to a specific radio address This applies to all web traffic Serial data sent from the master is broadcast to all slaves unless auto routing is turned on and so the data will be sent via an un assured connection Auto routed data goes to a single address and is sent Assured All data sent from a slave to the master is always going to a single radio the master
48. ravelling down the co axial cable to the radio Electricity will travel at different soeeds down the center 45 gf A Bussmann conductor as it would down the shield resulting in a potential voltage at the radio causing damage When that electricity encounters a properly grounded lightning arrestor it will shunt the current to an earth ground preventing radio damage The earth ground must represent the lowest impedance path to ground All possible sources of voltage surges should be addressed These will include the power supply RS232 and RS485 interfaces and the antenna 46 gf A Bussmann Chapter 8 Specifications 8 1 Environmental 10 90 non condensing Mounting 8 2 900 MHz Radio Specifications Power Consumption 150mA 24VDC Average 200mA 24VDC Peak Operating Modes Point to Point Point to Multipoint Multipoint to point Supply Voltage Temperature RSSI remote diagnostics Antenna SMA Approvals FCC Part 15 Section 247 IC ROHS EN 61000 4 3 47 gf A Bussmann 8 3 2 4GHz Radio Specifications Specification 2 401 2 4835GHz Spreading Method FHSS FHSS Point to Point Point to Multipoint Multipoint to Point Approvals FCC Part 15 section 247 IC ETSI EN 300 328 RoHS EN PR i 61000 4 3 48 ra A Bussmann Appendix A Advanced IP Address configuration The IP Address is partially configured by the device s Radio Address and Subnet Mask and partially configured b
49. resent weak radio links or a Critical control system Data Rate This refers to the over the air data rate All radios in the network must be set the same As a rule of thumb select the lowest data rate that will provide your network with the desired response time Lower data rates will yield greater distances The 125 and 250kbps data rates on the 900MHz radios use MSK modulation whereas the 500kbps data rate uses GFSK modulation MSK modulation has lower requirements for a signal to noise ratio therefore this data rate modulation method should be used when there is a high noise floor in the area The 2 4GHz radios use GFSK for all over the air data rates due to regulatory and technical requirements The 2 4GHz radios have over the air data rates of 19 2kbps 125kbps and 250kbps Frame Size This determines how long the frequency hopper stays on each frequency The longer the radio remains on each frequency the more data it can transmit on that hop The following are approximate frame sizes for the different models e 915U D20 2400 latency 45 bytes per hop balanced 100 bytes per hop and throughput 232 bytes per hop e 915U D20 900 latency 110 bytes per hop balanced 264 bytes per hop and throughput 440 bytes per hop e Subtract 5 bytes if encryption is enabled If you desire the shortest time to get a message to the receiving radio the latency setting will ensure the radio alternates between transmit and receive cycles fast
50. structure must be strong and rigid enough to minimize sway in the highest wind speed the area is likely to encounter The mounting structure can be either wood or metal it is recommended that this structure be grounded Grounding requirements are discussed later in this section 7 1 3 Convenient Access to the Radio for Troubleshooting Ideally the equipment should be mounted at ground level or a location that has convenient access as a laptop PC must be used to make periodic configuration changes and troubleshooting diagnostics 7 1 4 Temperature and Humidity Control H ambient temperatures are expected to drop below 40C F a heat source must be placed inside the enclosure or some accommodation made to ensure this temperature limit is not exceeded Similarly if ambient temperatures inside the enclosure are predicted to exceed 149F 65C a sun shade fan or air conditioning system should be utilized Humidity must not exceed 90 and never condense on the internal electronics 42 gf A Bussmann 7 1 5 Radio Propagation Path The radio link should be evaluated to ensure there is at least a 15dB fade margin This will allow for degradation of equipment and foliage growth while still ensuring reliable communications for years The radio link can be evaluated by testing the link with the same model of radio antenna and co axial cable you plan on installing A field test is always the most accurate H the antennas must be elevated higher than
51. t be accomplished Proper impedance matching 50 ohm will ensure maximum power transfer An antenna that has the narrowest operating frequency will have better performance than one with a wider operating frequency Repeater sites must ensure that both the slave and master are within the beam width of the antenna This usually means an omni antenna must be used 7 1 10 Antenna Mounting Considerations Antennas should be mounted away from other sources of interference For 900 MHz radios with up to 5W of transmit power 10 feet of vertical separation is recommended For 2 4GHz 5 feet of vertical separation is recommended These distances provide a very general rule of thumb and are influenced by the following factors e Interferers frequency e Distance between transmitter and receiver e Transmit power of the interferer e Alignment of the interferer s antenna H a source of interference is very close to your operating frequency the filters will be less effective in blocking this interference and more antenna separation should be used If you are transmitting across a very long distance then the received signal will be closer to the threshold of reception and as such will require a lower noise floor To get the noise floor lower increase the distance between the antenna and the interference source In the event the transmit power of the source of interference is high then naturally it will require greater separation than a lower powered s
52. t over the radio from the serial interface RS232 Rx Status of RS232 data being received into the radio s serial port RS232 Tx Status of RS232 data being sent out the radio s serial port RS485 Rx Status of RS485 data being received into the radio s serial port RS485 Tx Status of RS485 data being sent out the radio s serial port These LEDs will not flash if the radio is a repeater and is simply forwarding data to another radio rather than processing the data locally A repeater receiving broadcast data from a master flashes the RF Receive LED but not the RF Transmit LED 6 1 1 RF Link LED Function Description Red Green Master Radio powered on may or may not be linked On Solid Slave or Repeater Radio linked with 15dB fade On Solid margin Slave or Repeater Radio linked with less than 15dB Medium flashing on for 0 25 sec off for 0 25 sec fade margin Slave or Repeater Radio Fast flashing on for 0 5 sec not linked off for 1 5 sec Radio needs configuration Fast flashing on for 0 25 sec off for 1 75 sec Radio in configuration mode only RF activity off Medium flashing on for 0 5 sec off for 0 5 sec Sleep mode Off for 59 5 sec on for 0 5 sec Internal Error On for 0 25 sec off for 0 25 sec 39 gf A Bussmann 6 1 2 Tx and Rx LED Functions Transmit and Receive Label Solid Green Flashing Green Solid Red Flashing
53. the Radio Select Windows Start button Run type CMD then lt Enter gt which will create a new window with a C gt prompt Type ipconfig all without the quotes and press the enter key The following screen will result Command Prompt iC gt ipconfig all Jindows IP Configuration Host Na Pr inary Dns Suffix Node IP Rout ing Enabled WINS Proxy Enabled DNS Suffix Search List thernet adapter Local Area Connection Connection specific DNS Suffix on Primary WINS Server Lease Obtained Lease Expires Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection 8 Connect ion specific DNS Suffix ELPRO 915U D H Eege Ye cooperindustries com cooperlighting com z Dt S256 nm 2 Gigabit Network Connection 1 E 4F C2 GF 9 nday flugust 29 2014 16 13 35 AM Mo Thursday September Bi 2011 18 13 35 AM SC 2 264 D 29 2011 3 07 46 PM OR t 29 2011 11 07 46 PM EEE FIGURE 8 15 castes Bussmann Using the radios built in DHCP server the radio will assign an IP address to the new ELPRO 915U D20 900 2400interface on the computer The IP address is shown above in the line labeled DHCP Server In the example above the IP address for the radio is 192 168 0 1 This is the factory default value If the radio address has been changed in the module the IP address of the radio will also change For more details on configuration see section 5 1 6 Configuring IP Address and
54. up in step 1 E g If the Radio address is 2000 configure the Subnet mask to 255 255 240 0 and after clicking the submit button the IP address will be 192 168 7 208 f the Radio address is 65500 configure the Subnet mask to 255 255 0 0 and after clicking the submit button the IP address will be 192 168 127 220 If the Radio address is 5000 configure the Subnet mask to 255 255 192 0 and after clicking the submit button the IP address will be 192 168 19 136 or if using a private IP range the IP address could be 10 0 19 136 or 172 16 19 136 etc When Complete Click Submit 3 Navigate to Review Apply Changes O O Review Changes will be indicated in red Click the Apply Changes button to save the new configuration or click the Discard Changes button to abandon the configuration and revert back to what it was before Confirm the dialog box by clicking OK Things to be aware of Care must be taken when configuring the Subnet Mask as entering an incorrect subnet will change the IP address to something different than expected E g If the Radio Address is 1000 and a subnet mask of 255 255 252 0 is configured instead of the correct 255 255 248 0 then the IP address will be changed to 192 168 1 232 instead of 192 168 3 232 A Note Due to limitations in certain versions of Windows Operating Systems certain IP addresses ending with a 0 or 255 are not usable For additional information please refer to M
55. y the user Consult with your IT department when choosing the IP addresses that can be used for your radio network The table below shows the recommended private IP address ranges that can be used Starting IP Address Ending IP Address 192 168 0 1 192 168 255 254 172 16 0 1 172 31 255 254 10 0 0 1 10 255 255 254 Configuration Procedure 1 Identify the maximum number of Radio Addresses that you intend to use on the network from the table below All devices on the network must use the same subnet mask Maximum Radio Address Recommended Subnet Mask 30 255 255 255 192 62 255 255 255 128 126 255 255 255 0 254 255 255 254 0 510 255 255 252 0 1022 255 255 248 0 2046 255 255 240 0 4094 255 255 224 0 8190 255 255 192 0 16382 255 255 128 0 32766 255 255 0 0 65530 255 254 0 0 o Record the required Subnet Mask associated with this maximum o Navigate to Configuration gt Radio Configuration gt Radio Parameters o Enter the desired Radio Address o Click Submit 49 eg ak Bussmann 2 Navigate to Configuration gt Serial Ports Configuration O O O O Configure the Subnet Mask as per recorded value from step 1 above Click Submit H the required IP Address range is different to the default 192 168 X X enter it here however keep in mind the Host ID portion of the IP address is not editable as they are configured from the radio address set
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