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IMAIL User`s Manual

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1. Concept Index A attachment MIME esses 15 B BABYL ete pe Bain yelp bested abies tages 3 C Close folder oscurecido peal 24 connection state iss prerii irt pEr EREE NERE 6 CONAM oia 3 container URD pess tic eee Weed dams 5 CIBUS cir EE ara ebd La Re 4 deletion iia EH BEEN EAS 8 directory as container 5 3 disconnected mode 6 E email message sese 3 entity MIME ioc ert SEELEN 15 CXPUNGING uenexellcicpeedmi eor 3eg erede 8 file URL uz See A re parece bre EUR kes Die aes 5 EE Ee folder ce 2222 cond sepia hanes A 3 folder close ys id 24 folders primary ura dad erede tado 9 forwarding a message 19 H heirarchical IMAP mailbox s 4 hierarchical mailboX ooooocoooooooooo 4 E ree i IMAP mailbox as container 3 IMAP mailbox as folder 3 IMAP UR Dic iia da 4 E ein RIDERE RU as 15 TMD OX dq EMT 4 36 M mbox file aie need dit ida 3 Mesa Lote a capis Stee oie dus 3 MIMB 2 221 thats ead Heer ed 1 3 15 MIME attachment eeesseeee eere 15 MIME entity saint os Sei deed teet 15 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions 1 3 15 O Gleeweg dee SE d E ERES RE D offline State EE 6 online MOE ci ia RP LU REPE 6 online Staten escribi EE 6 P primaryolder 2 i266ebeePRR de 9 primary IMAP mailbox 220 4 R reply to a message sees 19 REC ue 4 REC 2046 22
2. Mii E E E 7 imail add f1ag emere eed 18 imail browser do copy esses 15 imail browser do delete Ls 15 imail browser do flagged delete 15 imail browser do rename 15 imail browser flag folder deletion 14 imail bro wser mark lx ele 14 imail browser mouse toggle container 14 3mail browser quit eene RI UTR 15 imail browser revert add 15 imail browser toggle container 13 imail browser unmark sees ss 14 imail browser unmark all folders 14 imail browser unmark backward 14 imail browser view container 12 14 imail browser view selected container 14 imail browser view selected folder 13 UNS TS BUEN Auge aniano E ae eas 24 imail contin e casonas EE eae es 20 imail copy folder 2 ir 11 imail create folder 11 15 imail delete backward ss esses 9 Amail delete folder sss ssss 11 imail delete forwatd cv herrea Fe ER E 9 imail disconne6t a 43 ri REIS 24 imail expunge 22e e eo ee EE 9 imail file message sess eeses 11 imail first messSag i vais eee eed an 8 imail first unseen message 8 imail forWward soc teens ipie Seca GU REPRE 19 imail get new mar dye ees e ee pe 10 imail inp t dic ld 10 imail input from folder 11 ima ALU ria ia Rya 18 34 imail last mes
3. 1 recrute Rot dmn 1 3 15 REC 2000 2 ee partire o etur alas 1 REG UE EE ged de 2 REG 2390 nte y RP nex rer 4 REG EE 3 RECI s te dete heute ative ag Sachets ge Ri 3 A ce eerta aut culls oh etree a yes 1 Ramal Tess ida dr 3 S searching in IMAIL ug deiere chard he eee 8 SMTP Ll hese bay eem DepbetiUubbr EEN 3 T type of cont iner osse n iieii 3 type of folder zeg cete ete weis 3 U indeleble 9 Uniform Resource Locator ssssssuuuucua 4 unix mailbox fie mme eor e Res 3 A heb ie harer biden teats cheeses 4 URL containers 0 ee caves da 5 URE Meira a 5 UE IMAP cocaina DAL Te ne Rie 4 Table of Contents 1 DInbroducblOlwewesew ues pn ER ERROR 1 2 Getting Starred coin AAA 2 3 Concepts uua ma ee eho a eas ada 3 3 1 Messages PEDEM 3 3 2 De EE 3 3 8 Contaners hh 3 SL URLS odes eno deat no iet ses vxor este ee A 4 34 1 IMAP URLS 1 iria Eds EEG 4 20 42 Eie URES sxe kei RE nid d Ce RU o co 5 3 43 Container URLs ae se ti ubin es 5 3 0 Server Connections xb ete Paes dete 6 A X OnMIARdHdsgeo sasuswkeexdue wee aw OR eS 7 Al Navigation oii ai A Ai 7 4 2 Deleting Messages 8 4 3 Multiple Folders 00 0c cece ee eee eren 9 4 3 1 Simple Folder Commande 10 4 3 2 The Folder Browser 12 4 4 MIME Support 15 4 5 Platini dai Fast Perd ea Md dee EA iot dun 17 4 6 Sending Hehe ee de ebbe br edipi ERE 19 4 7 Message Display 0 00 c cece cnt da piip i minni 20
4. History and its title and add to it an item stating at least the title year new authors and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page If there is no section entitled History in the Document create one stating the title year authors and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence J Preserve the network location if any given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on These may be placed in the History section You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission K In any section entitled Acknowledgements or Dedications preserve the sec tion s title and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and or dedications given therein L Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document unaltered in their text and in their titles Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles M Delete any section entitled Endorsements Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version N Do not retitle any existing section as Endorsements or to confl
5. In addition to any other customizations you put in this file you must include the following expression load option imail Next you must tell Edwin where to find your IMAP server by setting some variables the expression to do this must follow the call to load option Here is an example load option mail set variable imail default imap server imap foo org Note that this is syntactically similar to Scheme s set special form but that it modifies the value of an Edwin editor variable rather than a Scheme variable There are several other variables that control how IMAIL connects to the server See Section 4 3 Multiple Folders page 9 for a complete list By default IMAIL tries to connect to localhost using port 143 and to log in using the user name that you are logged in as This is the right default if you are using stunnel on the client After you are finished creating the init file you can either restart Edwin or you can load the file using M x load file At this point you are ready to run IMAIL To start IMAIL and read the mail in the inbox folder on your IMAP server type M x imail 1 Here at MIT we connect to our server using stunnel to provide end to end encryption This provides connection security without the need to integrate the encryption into the client or the server Chapter 3 Concepts 3 3 Concepts To use IMAIL effectively it is helpful to know the terminology and understand the con cept
6. by topic C M s regexp Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp anywhere in their header imail summary by regexp The h or C M h imail summary command fills the summary buffer for the current IMAIL folder with a summary of all the messages in the folder It then displays and selects the summary buffer in another window C M 1 flags imail summary by flags makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages that have one or more of the flags flags flags should contain flag names separated by commas C M r rcpts imail summary by recipients makes a partial summary mention ing only the messages that have one or more of the recipients rcpts rcpts should contain mailing addresses separated by commas C M t topic imail summary by topic makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose subjects have a match for the regular expression topic C M s regexp imail summary by regexp makes a partial summary mentioning only the messages whose headers contain a match for the regular expression regexp This match includes all lines in the header including for example the date and from lines Note that there is only one summary buffer for any IMAIL folder making one kind of summary discards any previously made summary There are several variables that affect how summaries are displayed imail summary height controls the height of the summary window If it is an exact positive integer the summary window is that
7. corresponding lines The folders to be operated on are specified as follows If the command is given a numeric argument N then the next N folders are Chapter 4 Commands 15 specified Otherwise any folders marked with an asterisk are specified If there is no argument and no marked folders then the folder on the current line is specified The C imail browser do copy command copies one or more folders If one folder is specified the command prompts for the URL of another folder and appends the messages of the first folder to the end of the second folder The second folder is created if necessary If more than one folder is specified the command prompts for the URL of an existing container and copies the source folders into the target container with the same names The R imail browser do rename command renames one or more folders If one folder is specified the command prompts for a URL and changes the name of the folder to the URL If more than one folder is specified the command prompts for the URL of an existing container and moves the folders into the container Note that in both cases it is an error if there is already a folder with the new name Furthermore this command only works in limited circumstances specifically when moving a folder from one place to another on a single IMAP server or when moving a file folder from one place to another within the same file system The D imail browser do delete command deletes one or
8. cph If imail kept headers is a non empty list then only the headers matching those regular expressions are shown Furthermore the shown headers will be in the same order as the regular expressions If imail kept headers is an empty list then all of the message headers are shown ex cept those matching the regular expression that is the value of the variable imail ignored headers By default the value of imail ignored headers contains some common unin teresting header names this expression is identical to the default used by Rmail Note that imail ignored headers is a single regular expression while imail kept headers is a list of regular expressions This is because imail ignored headers is meant to be an exact analog of the Rmail variable rmail ignored headers Regardless of how the message header filtering is done you can toggle between view ing the filtered headers and the unfiltered headers using the t command imail toggle header If filtered headers are shown this command replaces them with unfiltered headers and vice versa As you can see IMAIL performs extensive transformation of a mail message before pre senting it to you MIME formatting line wrapping and header filtering Sometimes it s desirable to see the original message exactly as it was received without any formatting at all The command C c C t C m toggles the entire message between a formatted view and a raw view This should be used with care as a messa
9. document it always means the corresponding state When an IMAP folder is selected in an IMAIL buffer the modeline for that buffer shows either online or offline to indicate the folder s connection state Normally an IMAP folder goes online when it is first selected and stays online indefinitely until it is explicitly disconnected Commands that break the connection are explicitly pointed out in their descriptions below most other commands will force an IMAP folder into the online state if it is offline 5 IMAP also supports two other modes of operation called offline mode and disconnected mode at present IMAIL can not operate in these alternate modes S Although IMAP servers are allowed to disconnect mail readers that are inactive for long periods of time IMAIL silently keeps the connection open by periodically transmitting commands to the server Chapter 4 Commands T 4 Commands IMAIL provides a rich set of commands for manipulating messages Like Rmail most of these commands are bound to letter keys The most important command is M x imail which is used to start IMAIL With no arguments M x imail reads the primary folder selects the first unseen message in the folder then selects the folder s buffer If the primary folder is an IMAP folder M x imail will connect to the server and check for new mail If M x imail is given a prefix argument it will prompt for the URL of a folder rather than reading the primary
10. flags flags imail next flagged message C M p flags Move to the previous message that has one of the flags flags imail previous flagged message C M 1 flags Make a summary of all messages containing any of the flags flags imail summary by flags The a imail add flag and k imail kill flag commands allow you to assign or remove any flag on the current message Once you have given messages flags to classify them as you wish there are two ways to use the flags in moving and in summaries The command C M n flags imail next flagged message moves to the next message that has one of the flags flags The argument flags specifies one or more flag names separated by commas C M p imail previous flagged message is similar but moves backwards to previous messages A numeric argument to either command serves as a repeat count The command C M 1 flags imail summary by flags displays a summary con taining only the messages that have at least one of a specified set of flags The argument flags is one or more flag names separated by commas See Section 4 8 Summaries page 21 for information on summaries If the flags argument to C M n C M p or C M 1 is empty it means to use the last set of flags specified for any of these commands Some flags such as deleted and filed have built in meanings and are assigned to or removed from messages automatically at appropriate times Here is a list of built in flags se
11. folders and vice versa You can copy messages between two file folders in different formats or between two different IMAP servers IMAIL doesn t care it translates as needed The D imail delete folder command deletes a specified folder All of the messages in the folder and the folder itself are deleted You will be prompted to confirm before any deletion is done The R imail rename folder command renames a specified folder You are prompted for two URLs the old name and the new one At present this command only works in limited circumstances specifically when moving a folder from one place to another on a single IMAP server or when moving a file folder from one place to another within the same file system The rename operation fails if the new name is already in use Chapter 4 Commands 12 The imail create folder command creates a new empty folder It prompts for a URL and signals an error if the name is already in use This command is rarely used since the message copying commands automatically create folders as needed 4 3 2 The Folder Browser In addition to the simple commands just described IMAIL also provides a Dired like browser for viewing and manipulating folders The browser is generic meaning that it will view collections of both IMAP folders and file folders although it works better and is more useful in conjunction with IMAP folders The imail browser view container command is used to enter the folder bro
12. it has an open connection to the server IMAIL notices new mail and brings it to your attention by modifying the Edwin mode line You can specify a different folder to be your primary folder by modifying one or more of IMAIL s variables The simplest way to do this is to change the variable imail primary folder to contain the URL of the folder that you wish to be your primary folder Normally imail primary folder is f in which case the primary folder has the form imap user id server mailbox where user id is the value of the variable imail default user id server is the value of imail default imap server and mailbox is the value of imail default imap mailbox imail default user id may be f meaning to use the value of current user name Chapter 4 Commands 10 In addition to the primary folder you can also have other folders and edit them with IMAIL You can move messages into them with explicit IMAIL commands One major difference between a file based mail reader like Rmail and an IMAP mail reader like IMAIL is that file based mail readers do not need to provide commands to manipulate mail files as opposed to mail messages This is because ordinary file system commands already provide the ability to copy delete and rename such files This isn t the case for IMAP mail readers Consequently IMAIL provides a basic set of commands for manipulating folders as well as a Dired like folder browser 4 3 1 Simple Folder Commands
13. more folders The com mand prompts for confirmation before any folders are deleted The x imail browser do flagged delete command is similar except that the folders it deletes are those that have been marked with D The x command is mostly provided for compatibility with Dired The imail create folder command creates a new empty folder It prompts for a URL and signals an error if the name is already in use This command is rarely used since the message copying commands automatically create folders as needed The g imail browser revert command re reads the contents of the browser buffer s container and uses that information to regenerate the buffer s contents Any marks that you have placed in the buffer are preserved The q imail browser quit command kills the current buffer If you have marked some folders for later operation the marks are discarded and the operations are not per formed 4 4 MIME Support The Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME define a standard means for struc turing mail messages MIME permits a message to have multiple parts each of which is called an entity It also provides a way to associate type information with each entity For example an ordinary text message has type text plain HTML has type text html and a JPEG image has type image jpeg Additionally MIME entities may be annotated to indicate whether they should be shown in line or whether they are attachm
14. of the Subject field of the message being replied to However if the variable imail reply with re is set to t then the reply subject will be prefixed with Ber Once the mail buffer has been initialized editing and sending the mail goes as usual You can edit the presupplied header fields if they are not right for you You can also use the commands of Mail mode including C c C y which yanks in the message that you are replying to You can switch to the IMAIL buffer select a different message there switch back and yank the new current message Another frequent reason to send mail in IMAIL is to forward the current message to other users f imail forward makes this easy by preinitializing the mail buffer with the Chapter 4 Commands 20 current message as a MIME attachment and a subject designating a forwarded message All you have to do is fill in the recipients and send When you forward a message recipients get a message which is from you and which has the original message in its contents By default forwarded messages are sent as MIME attachments which allows MIME aware mail readers to recognize that the attachment is a mail message and to specially present it However this means that such forwarded messages appear more complex when viewed in mail readers that do not understand MIME IMAIL deliberately minimizes the amount of encoding overhead used for MIME forwarded messages but some people prefer no
15. of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects You may extract a single document from such a collection and distribute it individu ally under this License provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document 7 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation Such a compilation is called an aggregate and this License does not apply to the other self contained works thus compiled with the Document on account of their being thus compiled if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate the Document s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate 8 TRANSLATION Iranslation is considered a kind of modification
16. the summary buffer using and DEL The IMAIL commands to move between messages also work in the summary buffer but with a twist they move through the set of messages included in the summary They also ensure the IMAIL buffer appears on the screen unlike cursor motion commands which update the contents of the IMAIL buffer but don t display it in a window unless it already appears You can always display the message indicated by point using the e command imail summary select message When you are finished using the summary type C x k to delete the summary buffer s window 4 9 Sorting Messages IMAIL provides several commands that change the order of messages within a folder These commands are closely modelled on those of Rmail Note that these commands don t modify the folder itself they only modify the way that the folder behaves This means that if a folder buffer is deleted the sort order associated with that buffer is deleted too C c C s C v Sort messages of current IMAIL folder by arrival time imail sort by arrival This is the default this sort undoes any other sorting on the folder C c C s C d Sort messages of current IMAIL folder by date imail sort by date Chapter 4 Commands 24 C c C s C s Sort messages of current IMAIL folder by subject imail sort by subject C c C s C a Sort messages of current IMAIL folder by author s name imail sort by author C cC6 8s C r Sort messages of current IM
17. used to reply to or forward a message The c imail continue command resumes editing the mail buffer to finish editing an outgoing message you were already composing or to alter a message you have sent 4 7 Message Display IMAIL provides several variables and commands to give you control over how messages are formatted in the message buffer By default IMAIL automatically wraps long lines at the right margin It uses adaptive fil to do the wrapping which means that common prefixes such as gt and Chris gt will be automatically copied down with the wrapped line Generally this wrapping makes messages easier to read Specifically it is important for messages sent by clients that use soft line breaks because such clients expect the mail reader to wrap lines However if you d rather not have IMAIL do this for you you can disable wrapping by setting the variable imail auto wrap to ftf Another feature of IMAIL is that it filters message headers showing you only the most relevant ones There are two variables that control how this is done and a command 2 See the online help for the variable adaptive f ill regexp for more information about adaptive fill Chapter 4 Commands 21 that can override the filtering The variable imail kept headers contains a list of regular expressions that are matched against message header names the name is everything to the left of the colon e g From in From
18. 4 8 SuMMAaAieS 2 ini ccc ec ce eee een ERR 21 4 8 1 Making Summaries 0 00 eee eeeee 21 4 8 2 Editing in Summaries aa oanaaaaesnnn nrnna 23 4 9 Sorting Mengen 23 4 0 Other Commands eii it Sek SE a Se oe 24 GNU Free Documentation License 26 ADDENDUM How to use this License for your documents 31 Key Index 220026 AER d oho 32 Command Index anenee owen ees nenes 34 Variable VT a a acce dope Vor 0 04s is ds 35 Concept Index 4222s Rr rens 36
19. AIL folder by recipient s names imail sort by recipient C c C s C c Sort messages of current IMAIL folder by the name of the other correspondent imail sort by correspondent The IMAIL sort commands perform a stable sort if there is no reason to prefer either one of two messages their order remains unchanged You can use this to sort by more than one criterion For example if you use imail sort by date and then imail sort by author messages from the same author appear in order by date With a numeric argument all these commands reverse the order of comparison This means they sort messages from newest to oldest from biggest to smallest or in reverse alphabetical order 4 10 Other Commands This section documents a handful of commands and variables that don t fit into any of the other documentation categories q Quit out of IMAIL imail quit This closes all open IMAP connections and buries all IMAIL buffers With prefix argument only affects the current IMAIL buffer leaving any other IMAIL buffers alone M d Disconnect from the IMAP server imail disconnect Bury the IMAIL buffer imail bury S Save changes in the current folder to disk imail save folder When you are finished reading mail in a folder use the q command imail quit This command closes the folder then buries the buffer Closing a folder has different effects depending on the type of folder Closing an IMAP folder causes IMAIL to disconnect from
20. IMAIL User s Manual Edition 1 6 for IMAIL Version 1 16 26 November 2001 by Chris Hanson IMAIL User s Manual Copyright 2000 2001 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation with no Invariant Sections with no Front Cover Texts and with no Back Cover Texts A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 Introduction IMAIL is a program for reading electronic mail It uses the Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP RFC 2060 to access mail that is stored on a server from which IMAIL fetches individual messages on demand The server may have many different folders in which messages are stored arranged in a hierarchical structure like that of a file system Messages are easily moved or copied from one folder to another IMAP also supports the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME RFC 2045 which facilitate the sending and receiving of attachments The IMAP protocol supports this by allowing you to fetch some parts of a mail message while leaving others on the server So for example if you receive a message containing a large attachment it is possible to view the text of the message without waiting for the attachment to be fetched from the server the attac
21. MAIL only supports incoming mail when it is delivered to an IMAP server This Rmail feature can easily be implemented if desired but there has been no call for it Chapter 4 Commands 11 since IMAIL periodically checks for new mail in all IMAP folders but it is occasionally useful to force IMAIL to get new mail immediately rather than waiting for the next periodic mail check The command M x imail has the same effect as imail get new mail if the primary folder is already open in a buffer IMAIL normally checks for new mail in IMAP folders according to the value of the variable imail update interval This variable specifies the time between checks in seconds It may also be set to f which disables automatic mail checking When IMAIL detects new mail in the primary folder it normally modifies the mode line of all buffers to contain the string New Mail This can be disabled by setting the variable imail global mail notification to f To copy messages from another folder into the current folder give the g key a numeric argument as in C u g This runs the command imail input from folder which reads a URL and copies all the messages from the specified folder into the current one The messages are appended to the current folder in the same order that they appear in the specified folder The o imail output command copies the current message into a folder that you specify as a URL The folder initially defaults to the current folder
22. URL Create a folder named URL imail create folder E Recompute the buffer s contents by querying the server or file system imail browser revert q Kill the current buffer mail browser quit If point is on a line describing a folder use the f imail browser view selected folder command to view the contents of that folder This selects an IMAIL folder buffer for that folder If point is on a line describing a container use the t imail browser toggle container command to show the contents of the container in the current buffer This causes the on this line to change to a and new lines describing the contents are inserted into the buffer following the current line The new lines are slightly indented to indicate the container relationship For example Chapter 4 Commands 14 imap localhost inbox debian bugs maintainer misc family gnu ham hp laptops linux misc mit music purchases scheme software sysadmin vendors visi To hide the container s content lines use the t command again Another way to open and close containers is to click the left mouse button on the or character for the container imail browser mouse toggle container If you would rather browse a container in a separate buffer use the c imail browser view selected container command To browse the container of this buffer s container use the imail browser view
23. Within a folder s buffer IMAIL provides a number of simple commands that can be used to interact with other folders i URL Read the folder named URL and run IMAIL on it imail input g Get new mail for the current folder imail get new mail C u g URL Read the folder named URL and append all of its messages to the current folder imail input from folder o URL Copy the current message into the folder named URL imail output M o filename Append the current message in human readable form to the file named file name imail file message C URLI URL2 Copy the folder named URL1 to URL2 imail copy folder D URL Delete the folder named URL imail delete folder R URLI URL2 Rename the folder named URL1 to be URL2 imail rename folder URL Create a folder named URL imail create folder To run IMAIL on a folder other than your primary folder you may use the i imail input command in IMAIL This visits the folder in IMAIL mode You can use M x imail input even when not in IMAIL The g imail get new mail command gets new mail for the current IMAIL folder and if there is new mail moves to the first unseen message This command works only on IMAP folders it does nothing on file based folders Normally this command isn t needed 1 While Emacs Rmail additionally supports the ability to retrieve mail from system inboxes on your local computer usually var spool mail USER on unix systems IMAIL does not I
24. aining the Document or a portion of it either copied verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language A Secondary Section is a named appendix or a front matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document s overall subject or to related matters and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject For example if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters or of legal commercial philosophical ethical or political position regarding them The Invariant Sections are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated as being those of Invariant Sections in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License GNU Free Documentation License 27 The Cover Texts are certain short passages of text that are listed as Front Cover Texts or Back Cover Texts in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License A Transparent copy of the Document means a machine readable copy represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or for images composed of pixels generic pa
25. backward in the folder for another message give M s a negative argument In IMAIL you can do this with M s It is also possible to search for a message based on flags See Section 4 5 Flags page 17 To find the next message with the same subject as the current message use C c C n imail next same subject This is useful for following the thread of an email conversa tion C c C p imail previous same subject finds the previous message with the same subject To move to a message specified by absolute message number use j imail select message with the message number as argument With no argument j selects the first message lt imail first message also selects the first message gt imail last message selects the last message M u selects the first unseen message imail first unseen message 4 2 Deleting Messages When you no longer need to keep a message you can delete it This flags it as ignorable and some IMAIL commands pretend it is no longer present but it still has its place in the IMAIL folder and still has its message number Expunging the IMAIL folder actually removes the deleted messages The remaining messages are renumbered consecutively Expunging is the only action that changes the message number of any message d Delete the current message and move to the next nondeleted message imail delete forward C d Delete the current message and move to the previous nondeleted message imail delete backwar
26. container command Besides simple browsing capabilities the IMAIL folder browser also provides the ability to modify folders and containers by copying renaming and deleting them The commands to do this normally operate on the object on the current line However you can mark one or more lines and subsequently perform an operation on all of them at once There are several marking and unmarking commands The m imail browser mark command marks the current line and moves down to the next line The mark is visible as an asterisk at the beginning of the line A numeric argument serves as a repeat count The d imail browser flag folder deletion is just like m except that it marks lines with D D marks are used to flag objects for deletion while marks are used for everything else To unmark a line use the u imail browser unmark command This removes any mark from the current line and moves to the next line Like m a numeric argument serves as a repeat count The imail browser unmark backward command moves upward removing flags it is like u with argument 1 Finally the M DEL imail browser unmark all folders prompts for a character and unmarks all lines marked with that character specifying as the character removes all marks The next three commands perform the copy rename and delete operations These commands all operate on one or more folders which you specify either by marking them or by moving point to the
27. d u Undelete the current message or move back to a deleted message and undelete it imail undelete previous message X Expunge the IMAIL folder imail expunge Chapter 4 Commands 9 There are two IMAIL commands for deleting messages Both delete the current message and select another message d imail delete forward moves to the following message skipping messages already deleted while C d imail delete backward moves to the pre vious nondeleted message If there is no nondeleted message to move to in the specified direction the message that was just deleted remains current A numeric argument to either command reverses the direction of motion after deletion To make all the deleted messages finally vanish from the IMAIL folder type x imail expunge Until you do this you can still undelete the deleted messages The undeletion command u imail undelete previous message is designed to cancel the effect of a d command in most cases It undeletes the current message if the current message is deleted Otherwise it moves backward to previous messages until a deleted message is found and undeletes that message Because imail expunge irreversibly deletes mail IMAIL normally requires confirmation before it performs the expunge This confirmation is controlled by the value of the variable imail expunge confirmation which is a list of symbols There are two independent behaviors controlled by this whether to prompt and whether to sho
28. ected in the message buffer is highlighted in the summary buffer This aids navigation in the summary buffer and is thus the default Set it to f if you don t like the highlighting By default the summary buffer has five columns flags message number message length subject and author If imail summary show date is set to t a sixth column containing an abbreviated date appears between the message number and the subject The width of the subject column is specified by the value of imail summary subject width subject fields longer than this number of characters are truncated 4 8 2 Editing in Summaries You can use the IMAIL summary buffer to do almost anything you can do in the IMAIL buffer itself In fact once you have a summary buffer there s no need to switch back to the IMAIL buffer You can select and display various messages in the IMAIL buffer from the summary buffer just by moving point in the summary buffer to different lines It doesn t matter what Emacs command you use to move point whichever line point is on at the end of the command that message is selected in the IMAIL buffer Almost all IMAIL commands work in the summary buffer as well as in the IMAIL buffer Thus din the summary buffer deletes the current message u undeletes and x expunges o outputs the current message to a folder C o saves an attachment from the current message r starts a reply to it You can scroll the current message while remaining in
29. ed or copied from one folder to another In IMAIL the concept of the folder is used to embrace different grouping mechanisms This is because IMAIL provides a uniform means for accessing different kinds of email sys tems In particular IMAIL supports access to Emacs Rmail files also known as BABYL files for historical reasons to unix mailbox files sometimes called mbox files and to IMAP mailboxes Each of these grouping mechanisms although implemented very differently is viewed as a folder by IMAIL With some exceptions each of these different types of folder are treated exactly the same by IMAIL Finally because IMAIL is extensible other types of folders may be supported in the future 3 3 Containers Folders can themselves be grouped together inside objects called containers A container is an object that holds folders much in the same way that a folder holds messages As for folders the concept of a container is a generalization of the different kinds of mechanisms used by the underlying mail technology So for example the container of a file folder is the directory holding that file IMAP containers are a little different each IMAP mailbox is capable of holding other mailboxes What this means is that from IMAIL s point of view an IMAP mailbox is both Chapter 3 Concepts 4 a folder object and a container object at the same time However when IMAIL views an IMAP mailbox as a container it is treated differently than w
30. een message M s string RET Move to the next message containing a match for string imail search M M s string Move to the previous message containing a match for string C c C n Move to the next message with the same subject imail next same subject C c C p Move to the previous message with the same subject imail previous same subject Chapter 4 Commands 8 nand pare the usual way of moving among messages in IMAIL They move through the messages sequentially but skip over deleted messages which is usually what you want to do Their command definitions are named imail next undeleted message and imail previous undeleted message If you do not want to skip deleted messages for example if you want to move to a message to undelete it use the variants M n and M p imail next message and imail previous message A numeric argument to any of these commands Serves as a repeat count In IMAIL you can specify a numeric argument by typing just the digits You don t need to type C u first The M s imail search command is IMAIL s version of search The usual incremental search command C s works in IMAIL but it searches only within the current message The purpose of M s is to search for another message It reads a string nonincrementally then searches starting at the beginning of the following message for a match It then selects that message If string is empty M s reuses the string used the previous time To search
31. en Means the message has been selected implying that the user has seen it As signed to a message when it is selected by the user When you start IMAIL it initially shows the first message that lacks this flag deleted Means the message is deleted Assigned by deletion commands and removed by undeletion commands see Section 4 2 Deleting Messages page 8 filed Means the message has been copied to another folder Assigned by the message copying commands see Section 4 3 Multiple Folders page 9 answered Means you have mailed an answer to the message Assigned by the r command imail reply See Section 4 6 Sending Replies page 19 Chapter 4 Commands 19 forwarded Means you have forwarded the message Assigned by the f command imail forward See Section 4 6 Sending Replies page 19 resent Means you have resent the message Assigned by the command C u f imail resend See Section 4 6 Sending Replies page 19 All other flags are assigned or removed only by the user and have no standard meaning 4 6 Sending Replies IMAIL has several commands that use Mail mode to send outgoing mail What this section documents are the special commands of IMAIL for entering Mail mode Note that the usual keys for sending mail C x m C x 4 m and C x 5 m are available in IMAIL mode and work just as they usually do m Send a message imail mail c Continue editing the already started outgoing
32. ents that should be shown only upon further user action IMAIL provides simple support for MIME messages MIME attachments are shown in the IMAIL buffer by special abbreviations You can write an attachment to a file Multipart MIME structures are recognized and displayed in a clean format that suppresses unneces sary clutter And MIME encodings such as quoted printable and base64 are automatically decoded prior to displaying the message or saving the attachment Chapter 4 Commands 16 End user formatting of MIME messages is a complex process partly because these mes sages can be arbitrarily complex in their internal structure IMAIL provides several variables that give you some control over the formatting prcess Many MIME messages have multiple parts for example a message with an attachment normally contains at least two parts the message text and the attachment IMAIL separates the different parts of a MIME message with specially formatted lines There are several styles of separator lines available selected by changing the value of the variable imail mime boundary style The default value of simple means to use long lines of hyphen characters as the separator lines A value of sgml means use long lines of hyphens that are wrapped with lt and gt which makes them valid SGML comments A value of original means to use the original MIME boundaries which have certain useful syntactic properties but are not as visually di
33. f the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License or any later version applies to it you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation If the Document does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation ADDENDUM How to use this License for your documents To use this License in a document you have written include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page Copyright C year your name Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation with the Invariant Sections being list their titles with the Front Cover Texts being list and with the Back Cover Texts being list A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License If you have no Invariant Sections write with no Invariant Sections instead of saying which ones are invariant If you have no Front Cover Texts write no Front Cover Texts instead of Front Cover Texts being list likewise for Back Cover Texts If your document contains nontrivial examples of
34. folder The IMAIL message buffer is put in IMAIL mode a special mode in which most letter commands are defined to have special meanings Where possible the letters chosen for these commands are the same as those for the corresponding Rmail commands The command keys specified in this chapter are for IMAIL mode unless otherwise specified 4 1 Navigation The most basic thing to do with a message is to read it The way to do this in IMAIL is to select the message The usual practice is to move sequentially through the folder since this is the order of receipt of messages When you enter IMAIL you are positioned at the first message that you have not yet seen that is the first one that has the unseen flag see Section 4 5 Flags page 17 Move forward to see the other new messages move backward to reexamine old messages n Move to the next nondeleted message skipping any intervening deleted mes sages imail next undeleted message p Move to the previous nondeleted message imail previous undeleted message M n Move to the next message including deleted messages imail next message M p Move to the previous message including deleted messages imail previous message j Move to the first message With argument n move to message number n imail select message gt Move to the last message imail last message lt Move to the first message imail first message M u Move to the first unseen message imail first uns
35. ge with a large attachment might not fit in memory in its raw form 4 8 Summaries A summary is a buffer containing one line per message to give you an overview of the mail in an IMAIL folder Each line shows the message number the sender the flags and the subject Almost all IMAIL commands are valid in the summary buffer also these apply to the message described by the current line of the summary Moving point in the summary buffer selects messages as you move to their summary lines A summary buffer applies to a single IMAIL folder only if you are editing multiple IMAIL folders each one can have its own summary buffer The summary buffer name is made by appending summary to the IMAIL buffer s name Normally only one summary buffer is displayed at a time 4 8 1 Making Summaries Here are the commands to create a summary for the current IMAIL folder Once the IMAIL folder has a summary buffer changes in the IMAIL folder such as deleting or expunging messages and getting new mail automatically update the summary h C M h Summarize all messages imail summary 1 flags C M 1 flags Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified flags imail summary by flags Chapter 4 Commands 22 C M r rcpts Summarize messages that have one or more of the specified recipients imail summary by recipients C M t topic Summarize messages that have a match for the specified regexp topic in their subjects imail summary
36. hen it is viewed as a folder and consequently different notation is used in each case 3 4 URLs In email software like Rmail where mail is stored in files filenames are used to refer to groups of messages Since IMAIL folders often aren t files it is necessary to use a more general kind of reference for folders To this end IMAIL uses Uniform Resource Locators URLs to refer to folders IMAIL currently supports two kinds of URLs IMAP URLs and file URLS 3 4 1 IMAP URLs The first kind of URL is an IMAP URL which looks like this imap unameChostname port mailbox In this syntax the parts uname and port are optional Hostname is the internet host name or IP address of the IMAP server Uname is the user name that identifies the account to be accessed on the server this defaults to your user name Port is the server s IP port this defaults to 143 and is normally not specified Mailbox specifies the IMAP mailbox or folder in IMAIL s terminology that is being referred to Since most IMAP servers support hierarchical mailboxes mailbox is a structured component indicating the location of the folder in the hierarchy much like filenames or HTTP URLs Here are some examples of IMAP URLs showing different mailbox paths imap localhost inbox imap localhost inbox sysadmin imap localhost inbox sysadmin equipment Here you see several interesting properties of IMAP mailboxes The first URL refers to the pr
37. hment Attachments are normally shown as specially formatted abbreviations Here is an example lt imail part name foo doc type application msword length 55499 gt This shows various things about the attachment including its optional name its MIME type and the length of the attachment in bytes The length is computed on the encoded form of the attachment and is generally slightly larger than the decoded length IMAIL uses somewhat more complicated rules for deciding when a MIME entity is displayed in this abbreviated format and when it is expanded in line In general all non text entities are abbreviated Additionally if a text entity is given a MIME disposition of attachment if the character set of the entity is unknown if the encoding type is unknown or if the subtype is unknown it is abbreviated Chapter 4 Commands 17 Two variables control the abbreviation of text entities imail known mime charsets is a list of regular expressions that specify the known character sets by default it specifies US ASCII the ISO 8859 character sets and some random but commonly seen Microsoft Windows character sets The variable imail inline mime text subtypes contains a list of symbols each of which is the name of a text subtype that should be shown in line For example if the symbol html is in this list then MIME parts of type text html are shown in line Text subtypes not appearing in this list are abbreviated as attachme
38. hment is fetched only if you want to view or save it If you aren t interested in the attachment you can delete the message without ever fetching it from the server In addition to these features IMAIL provides a user interface very similar to that of the Emacs Rmail mail reader see section Rmail in the GNU Emacs Manual IMAIL supports most of the same commands and has most of the same key bindings as Rmail IMAIL is primarily intended to be an Rmail replacement for people who wish to read their mail using an IMAP server IMAIL can also read and write Rmail files and unix mail mbox files and provides the ability to copy messages from such a file to an IMAP folder or vice versa this greatly simplifies the transition from Rmail to IMAIL for those of us who have large amounts of mail stored in files Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 2 Getting Started At present IMAIL has only a very simple mechanism for connecting to an IMAP server it makes an unencrypted connection to the server and logs in with a user name and a password In the near future we will implement CRAM MD5 authentication defined in RFC 2095 However we have no plans to implement data stream encryption for the connection To use IMAIL you must create an Edwin init file called edwin on unix machines or edwin ini on Windows or OS 2 machines This file contains arbitrary Scheme expressions that are evaluated in the Edwin environment when Edwin is started
39. ict in title with any Invariant Section If the Modified Version includes new front matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant To do this add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version s license notice These titles must be distinct from any other section titles You may add a section entitled Endorsements provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties for example statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front Cover Text and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back Cover Text to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version Only one passage of Front Cover Text and one of Back Cover Text may be added by or through arrangements made by any one entity If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of you may not add another but you may replace the old one on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one The author s and publisher s of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or im
40. imary IMAP mailbox for this account called the inbox All IMAP servers must support this mailbox which is always called inbox the name is not case sensitive and may be typed in any combination of upper or lower case letters However case sensitivity for names other than inbox is undefined by IMAP so IMAIL treats all other names as if they were case sensitive The second and third URLs show how hierarchically nested mailboxes are referred to by writing the components of the path separated by slashes Note that IMAP does not re quire particular path separator characters for hierarchical names and in fact different IMAP servers use different separators However IMAIL always uses the forward slash character as a separator and translates to the server s character as needed Another thing to note about these examples is that IMAP unlike most file systems allows a folder to contain messages and to have subfolders This includes the inbox folder as 1 URLs are defined in RFC 1738 and RFC 2396 2 The syntax for IMAP URLs is defined by RFC 2192 except that IMAIL uses only a subset of the defined syntax 3 This is in opposition to RFC 2192 which specifies use of the server specific separator RFC 2396 and RFC 2718 provide compelling arguments against this design Chapter 3 Concepts 5 shown here At least one server Cyrus puts all subfolders for a user account under inbox but this is not required by IMAP and
41. int programs or for drawings some widely avail able drawing editor and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent A copy that is not Transparent is called Opaque Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup Texinfo input format LaTeX input format SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD and standard conforming simple HTML designed for human modification Opaque formats include PostScript PDF proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors SGML or XML for which the DTD and or processing tools are not generally available and the machine generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only The Title Page means for a printed book the title page itself plus such following pages as are needed to hold legibly the material this License requires to appear in the title page For works in formats which do not have any title page as such Title Page means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work s title preceding the beginning of the body of the text 2 VERBATIM COPYING You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium either commercially or n
42. is not generally true 3 4 2 File URLs There is one other URL type supported by IMAIL file URLs This uses the file URL syntax as follows file hostname pathname Here hostname refers to the host on which the file folder resides Since IMAIL supports only files on the local file system hostname must be localhost it may also be omitted as in file pathname IMAIL also supports a non standard abbreviation file pathname As specified by the URL standard pathname is a slash separated sequence of path compo nents where unusual characters appearing in the components such as the space character are specially encoded However IMAIL will accept nearly any character in a component and encode it if required with few exceptions you can type any pathname without encoding IMAIL always displays URLs with proper encoding In practice this means that most unix filenames are written verbatim with exceptions for special characters and with the leading slash omitted However DOS style filenames as used by Windows and OS 2 must be specially rewritten to conform to this style The rewriting rules for DOS file URLs are not specified by the standard so consequently IMAIL defines its own rules for this encoding as follows A DOS filename is encoded by replacing all of the backslash characters with forward slash characters and by encoding unusual characters in the path components Finally the drive letter is prefixed
43. mally set to a positive integer meaning that any message body or in line MIME entity whose size in bytes is less than this number is cached However caching can be entirely disabled by setting imail body cache limit to f or made unconditional by setting it to t Another thing that IMAIL caches is IMAP passwords This is done so that you don t have to keep typing your password whenever you connect to a new IMAP folder However this is also a security risk because the password is kept in Scheme s memory The variable imail pass phrase retention time says how long passwords are cached in minutes Normally this is set to 30 minutes but if you are paranoid you can set it to zero to disable password caching altogether Scheme keeps track of the use of each password and deletes its copy of the password when it has expired Additionally Scheme stores passwords in an obscured form to prevent them being seen during casual browsing through memory structures but this does not provide any protection against a deliberate attempt to find the password GNU Free Documentation License 26 GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 1 March 2000 Copyright 2000 Free Software Foundation Inc 59 Temple Place Suite 330 Boston MA 02111 1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed 0 PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual textbook or other w
44. many lines high Alternatively if it is a real number between 0 and 1 exclusive the height of the summary window is computed by multiplying the number of lines in the message window by imail summary height and rounding to the nearest integer If the variable imail summary fixed layout is set to t then an IMAIL message buffer and its associated summary buffer are always shown in a fixed window layout provided the summary buffer exists Selecting either buffer causes all other windows in the current editor frame to be deleted then splits the frame into two windows showing the summary buffer and message buffer Selecting any other buffer when this layout is displayed causes both windows to be deleted and the other buffer displayed in a single window filling the editor frame Basically this causes the message and summary buffers to be treated as a unit most of the time Currently the default for imail summary fixed layout is 4f but the feature has been very popular and the default may be changed to stt in a future release When fixed layout is not used the variable imail summary pop up message provides a different kind of window splitting for message and summary buffers If this is set to t the default then selecting a new message in the summary buffer causes the message buffer to be popped up in a new window if it isn t already visible Chapter 4 Commands 23 If the variable imail summary highlight message is t the message currently sel
45. message imail continue r Send a reply to the current IMAIL message imail reply f Forward the current message to other users imail forward C u f Resend the current message to other users imail resend The most common reason to send a message while in IMAIL is to reply to the message you are reading To do this type r imail reply This displays the mail buffer in another window much like C x 4 m but preinitializes the Subject To CC and In reply to header fields based on the message you are replying to The To field starts out as the address of the person who sent the message you received and the CC field starts out with all the other recipients of that message You can exclude certain recipients from being placed automatically in the CC using the variable imail dont reply to names Its value should be a regular expression as a string any recipient that the regular expression matches is excluded from the CC field The default value matches your own name and any name starting with info the value of the variable imail default dont reply to names Those names are excluded because there is a convention of using them for large mailing lists to broadcast announcements To omit the CC field completely for a particular reply enter the reply command with a numeric argument C u ror 1 r By default the Subject field of a reply is initialized to the contents
46. ng distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it In addition you must do these things in the Modified Version A Use in the Title Page and on the covers if any a title distinct from that of the Document and from those of previous versions which should if there were any be listed in the History section of the Document You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission B List on the Title Page as authors one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document all of its principal authors if it has less than five C State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version as the publisher D Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document E Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices F Include immediately after the copyright notices a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License in the form shown in the Addendum below G Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document s license notice H Include an unaltered copy of this License GNU Free Documentation License 29 I Preserve the section entitled
47. nts Here are IMAIL s MIME specific commands C o Save a MIME attachment to a file imail save attachment w Save an arbitrary MIME entity message part to a file imail save mime entity C c C t C e Toggle a MIME entity between its formatted and raw forms imail toggle mime entity The primary MIME command is C o imail save attachment which saves a single attachment to a file If point is on an attachment that is the attachment to be saved otherwise IMAIL prompts for an attachment by name If a prefix argument is specified prompting is performed even if point is on an attachment Once the attachment is deter mined IMAIL prompts for the name of a file to save the attachment to The filename is initialized from the name specified by the attachment if any The directory of the filename is initialized to the directory in which the last attachment was saved or the user s home directory if no attachments have previously been saved If you want to save attachments to a specific directory change the variable imail mime attachment directory to contain the name of that directory The command w imail save mime entity is similar to imail save attachment ex cept that it will save any MIME entity not just an attachment For example this allows you to save the message text This command saves the entity that point is on if point is not on any entity an error is signalled If the entity is encoded e g with quoted printable o
48. oncommercially provided that this License the copyright notices and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute However you may accept compensation in exchange for copies If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3 You may also lend copies under the same conditions stated above and you may publicly display copies 3 COPYING IN QUANTITY If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100 and the Document s license notice requires Cover Texts you must enclose the copies in covers that carry clearly and legibly all these Cover Texts Front Cover Texts on the front cover and Back Cover Texts on the back cover Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible You may add other material on the covers in addition Copying with changes limited to the covers as long GNU Free Documentation License 28 as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects If the required texts for either cover are too voluminou
49. ply endorsement of any Modified Version 5 COMBINING DOCUMENTS GNU Free Documentation License 30 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents unmodified and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice The combined work need only contain one copy of this License and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it in parentheses the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known or else a unique number Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work In the combination you must combine any sections entitled History in the various original documents forming one section entitled History likewise combine any sec tions entitled Acknowledgements and any sections entitled Dedications You must delete all sections entitled Endorsements 6 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License and replace the individual copies
50. program code we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license such as the GNU General Public License to permit their use in free software Key Index Key Index OA 11 15 lt CETTE 8 gt a fas uk cei tote nie Sessa we Rk aE She ie i 8 EEN 12 14 A iii 18 B Dieta adios sat 24 Cd A a E Al 14 20 Citas pic adi ides 11 15 CSC ii E E 8 Cae G EE 8 G E 0 8 A E eee deett camere rud ap deles gs 24 ofer gc M 24 GHC A A e d cea retain E eae 23 649 bunt E E EE EE 24 Le EE 24 Cr Cos Cae atacadas ada haven anf Pode 23 CSC CE C76 uii EAR weed anand Sedo mh Payee ad 17 CE CECT PPP 21 Dod EEE E E O en 9 COMED dada des 22 C Meie satius dus ohare D Eb ands nb dete A ea tend 18 Ul Cm 18 CMS a hadas 22 o Pm 22 uo RR 22 IR EE Fe L EE 20 Ve EE 11 D lee Pr 9 14 DAMM 11 15 BER EE EE 14 32 E Chait ache a o o T 29 F Pig hb bbs ae taa 13 19 G Beste a ES Ed MA Rooke eb ees 10 15 H ee erg 22 I Di A edd ddr bd 10 J ee A dude ed up Titii Fara t 8 K E oy add Seiad tee ae 18 L rrr 22 M Milo add ROS 14 20 Med iii a da 24 ut aus dea 14 o KEE 8 A eno EE oat Ba wows Sege eos take A Ti MEP a 8 Medi a a 8 Io TEE 8 N MD a Dia 8 O Oneal detested bedi is F P Key Index GE 15 24 R iis A A AA p ei ded 19 ER Ilo Sb RERBPH HE PE MU 11 15 S Sii a A A death A E 25 T 33 ra e 13 21 U Ud 9 14 W D IPTE Iy X Command Index Command Index I
51. r base64 encoding it is decoded before it is saved If the entity is text it is written to the file in text mode relevant only under Windows and OS 2 otherwise it is written in binary mode A simpler way to save a MIME entity is to point at the entity with the mouse and click the right button imail mouse save mime entity This works the same way as imail save mime entity except that the entity is selected by the mouse instead of point The command C c C t C e imail toggle mime entity is similar to imail save mime entity except that instead of saving the entity to a file it toggles whether the entity is shown in line or in abbreviated form A common situation in which this is useful is when the text of a message is in an unknown character set In this case IMAIL by default shows the text in abbreviated form use C t to expand it in place 4 5 Flags Each message can have various flags assigned to it as a means of classification Each flag has a name different names are different flags Any given flag is either present or absent on Chapter 4 Commands 18 a particular message A few flag names have standard meanings and are given to messages automatically by IMAIL when appropriate All other flags are assigned only by users a flag Assign the flag flag to the current message imail add flag k flag RET Remove the flag flag from the current message imail kill flag C M n flags Move to the next message that has one of the
52. ritten document free in the sense of freedom to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it with or without modifying it either commercially or noncommercially Secondarily this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others This License is a kind of copyleft which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense It complements the GNU General Public License which is a copyleft license designed for free software We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software because free software needs free documentation a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does But this License is not limited to software manuals it can be used for any textual work regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference 1 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License The Document below refers to any such manual or work Any member of the public is a licensee and is addressed as you A Modified Version of the Document means any work cont
53. s to fit legibly you should put the first ones listed as many as fit reasonably on the actual cover and continue the rest onto adjacent pages If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100 you must either include a machine readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly accessible computer network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document free of added ma terial which the general network using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public standard network protocols If you use the latter option you must take reasonably prudent steps when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy directly or through your agents or retailers of that edition to the public It is requested but not required that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document 4 MODIFICATIONS You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document thus licensi
54. s underlying IMAIL s design Here we will introduce you to messages folders URLs and server connections 3 1 Messages A message or email message is the basic unit of electronic mail The format of a message is defined by RFC 822 Nearly all email messages are transmitted over the internet which means that the contents of such messages are further constrained by the SMTP protocol that is used for internet message transmission as defined in RFC 821 In brief the primary constraints on an email message is that it may contain only printable US ASCII characters and that lines of text in the message may not exceed 1000 characters including the carriage return linefeed pair at the end of each line These constraints are fairly strict and do not permit messages to contain text in languages other than English or to contain non textual data such as images The Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME RFC 2045 provide a way to encode other kinds of text and data so that they can be carried in an email message Most modern email software supports the MIME standard one notable exception is Emacs Rmail 3 2 Folders Another important concept is a means for grouping messages together All email software provides some means for doing this and IMAIL is no exception IMAIL provides objects called folders A folder is just an object that holds an arbitrary number of email messages Messages can be added to a folder deleted from a folder and mov
55. sage e daa cr 8 3ma3J mar EE 20 imail mouse save mime entity 17 imail next flagged message 18 imail next message8 2 59 0 9 re 9 hese 8 imail next same subject sss 8 imail next undeleted message 8 imall outp ubt epi GA Rp ERIS Es 11 imail previous flagged message 18 imail previous message esee 8 imail previous same subject 8 imail previous undeleted message 8 imail quit 2 235 nhs eae a eee ones 24 imail rename folder esses 11 imail d EE 19 imail resend c o a ES oes 20 imail save attachment o o o Le imail save folder o b ee Es 25 imail s ve mime entity 2 m es 17 imail se rchG 2 wivalt shied iade al a 8 imail select Message iic icc ier sane ea eee ns 8 imail sort by atrival consonancia ceci 23 jmailL sort b author ieii 24 imail sort by correspondent 24 imail sort ee EE 23 imail sort by recipient 24 imail sort by subjeCt Ae dere pb ee disei 24 imail s mmary ceew or 22 imail summary by flags esses 22 imail summary by recipients 22 imail summary by regexp sess 22 imail summary by topic esses 22 imail summary select message 23 Amail roggle header REE ES 21 Amail trogglemeseage 21 imail toggle mime entity 17 imail undele
56. so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders but you may GNU Free Documentation License 31 include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License the original English version will prevail 9 TERMINATION You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License Any other attempt to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 10 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns See http www gnu org copyleft Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number I
57. stinctive MIME also specifies a particular kind of multipart message of type multipart alternative in which the parts are different representations of the same message A typical example of this is a mailer that sends both plain text and HTML versions of the message text Normally IMAIL shows only the simplest of these parts which is almost always plain text and suppresses the alternatives However if you set the variable imail mime show alternatives to t IMAIL will show these alternative forms as attachments Another kind of multipart MIME message is the digest message which has type multipart digest Digest messages are normally used by high volume mailing lists to reduce the number of messages sent to the end user instead the user receives one message containing all of the messages from that list in a particular time period usually a day IMAIL can present MIME digest messages in one of two formats The default format is to show all of the component messages of the digest as attachments This is particularly useful for large digests that you will only read a few messages from since you can scan the digest contents for interesting messages without downloading all of the messages in the digest In the alternative format selected by setting imail mime collapse digest to tf the component messages of a digest are all shown inline As a general rule any MIME entity that contains non textual information is displayed as an attac
58. t to use MIME at all For that reason IMAIL allows you to turn off this feature so that forwarded messages are included in the main body of the message as Rmail does To do this set the variable imail forward using mime to f Normally when IMAIL forwards a message 1t sends only a few of the message s header fields In particular it sends only those header fields that you see when viewing the message in IMAIL Sometimes it is desirable to send all of the message s header fields IMAIL provides two ways to do this First if you want to send all of the header fields for a particular message use imail forward with a negative argument like this f Alternatively you can set the variable imail forward all headers to t which will cause all forwarded messages to retain all of their header fields Resending is an alternative similar to forwarding the difference is that resending sends a message that is from the original sender just as it reached you with a few added header fields Resent from and Resent to to indicate that it came via you To resend a message in IMAIL use C u f f runs imail forward which is programmed to invoke imail resend if you provide a numeric argument The m imail mail command is used to start editing an outgoing message that is not a reply It leaves the header fields empty Its only difference from C x 4 mis that it makes the IMAIL buffer accessible for C c C y just as r does Thus m can be
59. te previous message 9 Variable Index Variable Index I IMA aUutO Wlap EE 20 jimaxl b ody cach limyt mi as 25 imail default dont reply to names 19 imail default imap mailbox 9 imail default imap server 9 imail default user id s e re 9 imail delete after output 11 imail dont reply to names 19 imail expunge confirmation 9 jimail forward all headers 2 ii 20 imail forward using mime 20 imail global mail notification 11 imail ignored headers sse 21 imail inline mime text subtypes 16 jimail kept headers vds a 20 35 imail known mime charsets 16 imail mime attachment directory Pr imail mime boundary style 16 imail mime collapse digest 16 imail mime show alternatives 16 imail output default sees ss 11 imail pass phrase retention time 25 imail primary folder da bees pe ay 9 imail reply with re 2 e me 19 imail summary fixed layout 22 imail summary height sess es 22 imail summary highlight message 22 imail summary pop up message 22 imail summary show date 23 imail summary subject width 23 imail update interval 11 Concept Index
60. the IMAP server go offline Closing a file folder saves any changes out to the corresponding file In both cases internal data structures may be dropped requiring them to be rebuilt should the folder later be re opened In no case are any changes made to the folder s contents in particular deleted messages are not expunged On IMAP folders the q command is equivalent to M d b On file folders the q command is equivalent to s b The M d command imail disconnect disconnects IMAIL from the IMAP server goes offline This has no effect on file folders The b command imail bury buries the selected IMAIL buffer Burying a buffer means moving it to the bottom of the buffer list and selecting another buffer from the top of Chapter 4 Commands 25 the list This is similar to the command bury buffer except that any summary buffer associated with this buffer is also buried and if a window was created to hold the summary buffer it is deleted The s command imail save folder saves out any changes to the selected IMAIL folder For file folders this means writing the folder back out to its file For IMAP folders this no effect In no case are any changes made to the folder s contents in particular deleted messages are not expunged IMAIL normally caches IMAP message bodies in memory in order to increase performance The variable imail body cache limit gives you some control over how this caching is done imail body cache limit is nor
61. there is no trailing The following commands are available in an IMAIL browser buffer f View the folder on the current line in an IMAIL buffer imail browser view selected folder Chapter 4 Commands 13 t If the object on the current line is a container toggle whether its contents are shown imail browser toggle container c Browse the container on the current line imail browser view selected container Browse the container of the this buffer s container imail browser view container d Mark the object on the current line for subsequent deletion imail browser flag folder deletion m Mark the object on the current line for subsequent operations imail browser mark u Remove any mark from the current line and move to the next line imail browser unmark DEL Move to the previous line and remove any mark there imail browser unmark backward M DEL char Remove marks from all folders imail browser unmark all folders C URL Copy the folder on the current line to the folder named URL creating it if needed imail browser do copy R URL RET Rename the object on the current line to be URL imail browser do rename D Delete the object on the current line imail browser do delete Prompts for confirmation before performing the deletion x Delete all objects that have been marked for deletion imail browser do flagged delete Prompts for confirmation before any deletion is performed
62. to the path with an additional forward slash separator So for example the filename C My Documents Mail My Mail rmail becomes the URL file localhost C My 20Documents Mail My 20Mail rmail 3 4 3 Container URLs IMAIL also uses URLs to refer to containers The notation used for a container is what you would expect take a folder URL and drop everything after the rightmost slash For example the folder URL imap localhost inbox sysadmin equipment has the corresponding container URL imap localhost inbox sysadmin Note that this is different from the URL for the sysadmin folder imap localhost inbox sysadmin File URLs are defined in nrc 1738 Chapter 3 Concepts 6 3 5 Server Connections Unlike a file folder in which the folder s contents are always available access to an IMAP folder requires an active network connection to the IMAP server This adds an additional layer of complexity to the mail reading process which is reflected in the connection state of an IMAP folder An IMAP folder can be in one of two states online meaning that there is an established network connection between IMAIL and the IMAP server and offline when there is not IMAIL is at present a very simple IMAP mail reader it must be online to read and manipulate mail messages Mail readers that have this property are said to operate in online mode Do not confuse the online state with online mode When we refer to online or offline in this
63. unless you have set the variable imail output default to a different default after the first message is output the default folder becomes the one to which you last output a message If the target folder doesn t exist it is created first in any case the copied message is appended to the end of the folder The current message is flagged as filed If the variable imail delete after output is true the message is also marked as deleted The M o imail file message command appends the current message to a file that you specify The message is written to the file in the same format in which it appears in the IMAIL buffer preceded by a separator line if there is other text in the file This simplifies the task of collecting messages into a plain text file for future reference Note that attachments appear in the output only as markers their contents are not included in the file The C imail copy folder command copies an entire folder from one place to another You specify two URLs the source and the target and all of the messages from the source folder are copied verbatim to the target folder The source folder is not changed The target folder is created if it doesn t exist If the target folder does exist the source folder s messages are appended to it Note that all of the commands that copy messages between folders will work whether the folders are the same type or not In particular messages in IMAP folders can be copied to file
64. w the messages being expunged If the list contains the symbol verbose the default the user is prompted for a yes or no style confirmation if the list contains the symbol brief the user is prompted for a y or n style confirmation if neither of these symbols is present no confirmation is done If the list contains the symbol show messages a window is popped up showing the messages to be expunged otherwise the list is not shown You can usually undo a d with a u because the u moves back to and undeletes the message that the d deleted But this does not work when the d skips a few already deleted messages that follow the message being deleted then the u command undeletes the last of the messages that were skipped There is no clean way to avoid this problem However by repeating the u command you can eventually get back to the message that you intend to undelete You can also select a particular deleted message with the M p command then type u to undelete it A deleted message has the deleted flag and as a result deleted appears in the mode line when the current message is deleted In fact deleting or undeleting a message is nothing more than adding or removing this flag See Section 4 5 Flags page 17 4 3 Multiple Folders IMAIL operates by default on your primary folder which is the folder named inbox on your IMAP server Your incoming mail is placed in that folder by your system s mail delivery software Whenever
65. wser In an IMAIL folder buffer this command is bound to the key and will bring up a folder browser that is viewing the container of the current folder With a prefix argument you will be asked for the URL of a container to browse An IMAIL browser buffer is arranged so that each line in the browser represents a folder or a container or both in the case of IMAP containers Here is an example imap localhost inbox debian family gnu ham hp laptops linux misc mit music purchases scheme software sysadmin vendors vlsi ook There are several interesting features of this buffer The first two lines of the buffer are a title telling you the URL of the container that this buffer is browsing Each of the remaining lines shows the name of a folder or container that is inside the container You can perform various operations on one of these folders by moving point to the folder s line and invoking commands Each line uses special characters to give you cues about the object being described If the object is a container there is a character at the beginning of the line Because our example is showing an IMAP container and virtually all IMAP folders are also containers every line in the example starts with Additionally if the object is only a container then the object s name ends in the character if the object is only a folder or if it is both a folder and a container then

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