AppNote 405 - MERA
Contents
1. x1 oa oo D K eleieieieie g ols gt eo Uart oO WLM o W 81619 z z iziz A eo oa Table 4 Error List AppNote 405 Error Message example sent Dev Kit EM4095 Message 02 05 10 15 10 10 03 0x02 0x05 0x10 0x15 0x10 0x10 0x03 Start of Text Position of the Checksum Kind of Command NACK Kind of Error Problem of reading tag s ID Checksum of the Data Stream 05 XOR 10 XOR 15 XOR 10 End of Text Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA www emmicroelectronic com 4 3 1 Principle Handling of Transponder Reader y Start of Operation Switch Power On Receive Startup Message ChipSet 4095 Sub Send command Coil ON Sub Send command Change Baudrate Y Sub Send command Transponder command additional action No Sub Send command Coil OFF a of Operation AppNote 405 Z Subroutine N Send command Send command to reader esponse fro reader Analyse received Data End of Subroutine Figure 1 Principle Handling of Transponder Reader Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA www emmicroelectronic com 5 Software 5 1 Reader flow chart Start of Reader and UART communication P s N St2. Select 22h 5228 Deselect 12 ACK CHK Customer ID ACK En Table 3 Response message from the transponder reader Verification automatically send for each requested word 2send for each word defined in the control word 3switch automatically to selective read Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 5 www emmicroelectronic com 4 3 Error List Below you find the Error List sent by the Development Kit EM4095 Inside the Response message a Status Byte will indicate if the message is correct or if something wrong happens In effect if the Development Kit EM4095 send you a NACK byte which value is 0X15 you will have to analyze the value of the next byte and refer to the following table escription ntenna Fault eader Asic 0 eader Asic imout read Txp eader Asic x04 10 times IQ changed eader Asic x10 read ID Fault STxp x11 read ID checksumm Fault STxp x12 read UM Fault STxp x1 ad UM Parity Fault STxp x 070 4050 x15 070 4050 riting content fault 070 4050 4050 arity error 4050 ord write protected 4050 AK receive 4050 nknown command after sel read 4050 x1 4170 x imeout no answer from Tag 4025 x20 Timeout RF x3 rror flag x31 overflow uart buffer Uart X rong inv Commmand Uart x3 rong crc Uart x34 Uart x3 Uart 0x36 Uart gt O X ojojo x gt e e N 1 o ojo 2 1 21 gt AJ olo x gt EE
3. luu uuu reo SEN NEKENG r arre EENE rE A i EEEE E ENEG nen 16 u SOP ISO n n A Sans Sanak E Te Pe aaa ANA ees a a rere 6 1 6 1 Description 6 2 Development Kit EM4095 Circuit PHOEBE iieri uu aan E ANE EA runc ER neun Enc tan Fh RE baa 18 6 3 Development Kit EM4095 Board Image 94 4 i tienes ecu be Nge 19 9 4 Development Kit EM4095 top Layer Mage sanaking b aa Eb ana eco NG retenu se GE Leak EEE 20 65 Development Kit EM4095 bottom layer MATE nnen ullu anana napa haa E kaanan ndene genea repere nr 20 B Ws LS anik da ga uqa de TE tree ee gg ak a aa ee aa 21 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 1 www emmicroelectronic com 1 Introduction The Development Kit EM4095 is designed for a quick step into RFID System design It contains the EM reader chip EM4095 and a programmed uP with an RS 232 interface It can be used as a complete reader Module printed coil on board or the programmed microcontroller and the reader chip EM4095 can be integrated in customer specific board designs The Development Kit EM4095 can communicate with the following types of EM Transponder chips e EM4100 EM4102 e EM4005 EM4105 e EM4150 e EM4170 e EM4025 e EM4056 It allows the user to communicate with the transponders via serial interface and does not requ
4. Title EM MICROELECTRONIC MARIN SA acne dnt Ap p N ote 40 5 Application Note 405 Development Kit EM4095 User s Manual Product Family RFID Part Number EMDB401 Keywords RFID Design Tools Date 25 September 2002 TABLE OF CONTENT NER utm IURE us S naa en IS ansa S Gaga a dn ng d asuaka Sasu Dan ab a akad a daa asss Gat sus kuk 8 2 MU RRS Nia uu arana kad a E apa baa a eaaa anaa sane bena ak sat ana ana aka ea San ek aaa aan A Ega 2 21 Read Only Transponder EMBTOZ L entree aya asa cep edet e landde cusa 2 22 Read Only Transponder EMAODS nina u ag ag NE EA ag na gag PEGA NI dn E a E na a E E aa Kg a 2 2 4 JkBablsead Wite TESIS pOnd r EMI TSO a a Ga a rab KL ba aaa aaa 2 24 Crypt Read Write Transponder ENVWETTZU lu anana san aana nn aana EA kana ngana gagana etr RI Renee 2 25 Read Only with Anticollision Transponder ENI4025 llu Ua anaman an En a an aa an Font ttn ANE 2 2 6 2kBit Read Write Anticollision Transponder EM4056 nuno eise ttem erinnern inde eate nce an tdeo deae 2 ONE IN EU ML QM MET esac DE aa a PEDESE 2 RE 2 LUMBER C S 10 5s 1 u u uuu ngan aa aa kab anda aa n
5. www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 5 3 Flow chart communication with Transponder ra 22 Start Read INT Start Write INT Start Wait Timer RE NG vM NC WA INT occured INT occured INT occured Y i J write next bit wait write time over v SS dis Timer INT LIW LIW 7 lt gt set status Algorithmus acknowledges WRITE FINISH save bit in buffer Yes write word Yes command 4 No No y Psi bus enable Read INT start timer for eden SENT Switch to E2PROM write Pd READ MODE time TAG Set Status N Z A DATA READ OK NO M V yo lt No v disable read INT disable write INT 2 A x ES X 01 0 NCC c E AM 9 PEE E ra N ES end of read INT end of write INT End Timer NG E N B NG m Figure 10 Flow chart communication with Transponder Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 16 www emmicroelectronic com 6 Hardware 6 1 Description The Development Kit EM4095 is a complete Reader board including coil which only needs an 5 V power supply and communicates with an RS 232 interface The board can be integrated into a cust
6. 5U GND 0912 01 02 M O8 6 5 Development Kit EM4095 bottom layer image di SSIS SI SS O O O gt N Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 20 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 7 Appendix For further information see also Datasheet EM4095 Read Write analog front end for 125kHz RFID Basestation EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2000 Datasheet EM4170 Crypto Contactless Identification Device EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2001 Datasheet EM4150 Read Write 1Kbit Identification Device EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2001 Datasheet EM 4056 Read Write with Anticollision Identification Device EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2001 Datasheet EM4025 Read Only with Anticollision Identification Device EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2001 Datasheet EM 4102 Read Only 64 bit Identification Device EM Microelectronic Marin SA Marin 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry described other than circuitry entirely embodied in an EM Microelectronic Marin SA product EM Microelectronic Marin SA reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time You are strongly urged to ensure that the information given has not been superseded by a more up to date version EM Microelectronic Marin SA 09 02 Rev B Preliminary Copyright 2001 EM Microele
7. Transponder EM4025 Power ON RdEnb 0 AppNote 405 Init Quiet Mode No Abort Abritration Yes Ma No J gt No x No if Abort command No Get Command Read IF Enabled Start No Yes gt Yes Yes send memory array General Read modify RdEnb Q Yes Abritration RdEnb 0 No Yes Modify bit equal RdEnb Yes Bit D93 Yes send next BitVal send memory array RdEnb 1 Figure 8 Flow chart Transponder EM4025 send RdEnb Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 14 www emmicroelectronic com 5 2 6 Flow chart Transponder EM4056 Power ON RdEnb 0 AppNote 405 Init Quiet Mode Get Command Ox No continue Arbitration Yes C 20 D RdEnb 07 Yes No bit equal A Yes Yes No send CRC OF send next BitVal RdEnb 1 ReadRom No Start Abritration No Modify EEPROM Yes gt send memory array a Yes gt write EEPROM No i send EEPROM content status amp CRC Figure 9 Flow chart Transponder EM4056 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 15
8. D OK No v invert 128bits 10 nes reading N 1 Yes N E 1 4 Yes NA v A Y N A N return end of Interrupt ka y J Figure 5 Flow Chart Transponder EM4005 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 11 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 5 23 Flow chart Transponder EM4150 command 4150 l No set status LIW MODE prep Login Status p gt command f READ Yes p lt KOK amp Dai Yes gt 3 E M start rd INT X Z S OK oo ES N No A PM prep write A ak S Status ES lt Write N Password w k _ Password command Ne NS SENG gif 4 OK WA J ee start rd INT x sig Ni iia N p Status E N command WRITE Yes gt 3 start rd INT FINISH s Ce 2 prep selct B dt Status NG E N read a DATA READ ACK amp Data EM gt Yes 3 command ke ot rd ke start rd INT NGA a S prep Reset E gt command Yes ACK 6 8 gt as 3 start rd INT 4 prep read ReadTag tag Acka Daia 58s define in Ctrl word command Yes NOK ue gt Yes ur d start rd INT Figure 6 Flow chart Transponder EM4150 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 12 www emmicroelectr
9. artReader Nc E v Init uC send Reader status via Uart v enable Receive Uart INT state machine Start Receive N N I UARt INT J Y INT occured AppNote 405 Byte receive clr status f Y NL OK No new message ON 1 J Yes Du set status eN lt received 99 gt NEW 1j ES v a MESSAGE Ned E No X status e ZEN lt NW gt No 1 MESSAGE N Yes fill uart buffer d b Z lt ETX received gt No gt 1 d pi Yes clr status f 1 N new message Disable receive Interrupt Task 1 Analyse command Y clr status new message end of Interrupt X Fi Figure 2 Reader flow chart Start of Reader and UART communication Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 5 2 Command handling 4 Task 1 ON Analyse command transfer status Status Reader Data to uart buffer No Coil On command shutdown off Wait 35ms No Coil Off command Yes gt shutdown on k No Change Baudrate Yes Change Baudrate No state l a
10. ctronic Marin SA 21 www emmicroelectronic com
11. e Yes command IN 4100 No command state 4105 Yes command 1 4105 No command state 4150 Yes command 1 4150 No 1 state N a Yes command ER 4170 ae Send ACK NAK Data via Uart No enable Receive Uart INT state commana Yes command ER 4025 Z enable Receive Uart INT command slate d Task1 Yes gt command 1 ena es 4056 Figure 3 Command handling Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 9 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 5 2 1 Flow Chart Transponder EM4102 command 4100 Start Interrupt Interrupt occured Read bit time start Read INT save data bit disable Read INT set status READ ID OK header ok N Yes Yes 10 times invert 64 bits N reading Yes header ok Yes Parityrow checkOK u end of Interrupt Figure 4 Flow Chart Transponder EM4102 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 10 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 5 22 Flow Chart Transponder EM4005 x command 4105 Start Interrupt Wi x lt Interrupt occured Y start Read INT Read bit imo No save data bit ZON rari Sn Y 128bits 68060 No T Yes AN Y S disable Read INT Status os set status gt EDE READ I
12. ecide to reduce the R1 value you can increase the Reading and or Writing distance Caution The Antenna current has to be lower than 200mA EM4095 maximum AC peak current on ANTI and ANT2 pads For more information please contact cid emmicroelectronic com Internet email address AppNote 405 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 17 www emmicroelectronic com LO e 6 Q lt Development Kit EM4095 Circuit Diagram 6 2 4ause 4 1 1 neey 5 BIFGS ET 100Z SO 28 10 7188 1 18 o21dha QNS ddfi dl 81 sle t4aqunN iusun2o 1 648200 DIYHSONYH uas 1dA83 13538 dog 911648200 43538 amp ddn 3I upat 73303 at aar 18 www emmicroelectronic com Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA AppNote 405 63 Development Kit EM4095 Board image 4 N c 8S 28 58 ZHMWZSIG On OA on a Li E B a ts cia 11 56p IC4 C15 R8 E1 Ei ti R8 818 688 Ea 180n R7 16 188n 8 lt LB2 4 i LES 2 LO a 81 X6 X7 1 5n6 58U 5n6 58U Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 19 www emmicroelectronic com 6 4 Development Kit EM4095 top Layer Image AppNote 405
13. gi aaa daa ae kaba anaa aa na EE pak nga aga Ega Kal eng Na pena Apan 2 NE Eel neren ip naas naa ka ua AE NE ua ADA NEK 3 4 2 1 Communication SyFIEdX ater eee aaa 3 422 Requestimessages to the transponderreader l uuuuuuususssisasiwuqssiuagassasbasiuaqaqsssQassaasiusapaghssa yaq diiin 4 423 Response message from the transponder reader secs occseeoecpssaceressaagecssestenenseeterensseeessseoccensescezesneenereese 5 Ed ET an 4 3 1 Principle Handling of Transponder Reader S DN TEIL 5 1 Reader flow chart Start of Reader and UART communication en anseenenenneenvenseenenenserenennerevnnseervennenn 8 CRANE Een ene Une ns Da En 9 5 2 1 Flow Chart Transponder EM TZ J u uuu ct ete crine ter ua eR vae o eoru dla 10 5 2 2 Flow Chart Transponder EMADDS uuu un eg ag te r a Ye Sa bcn ue Gg LER Ludos 11 22a Hawcha ans ponde EMILI ET DID LL DLE 12 524 Flowchart Transponder EMATYO nt eren e HER RR EAR ERE ER y 13 S200 Plowichalt Transponder ERIUSS asarira u E Ee hand 14 5 25 Flow chart Transponder EMADSG KE a GAGE E t edente durs aab ake 15 53 Flow chant communication with Transponder
14. ire any knowledge of transponder technology 2 Transponder Types 2 1 Read Only Transponder EM4102 The Transponder is powered by an electromagnetic field and gets the master clock from the same field By turning on and off the modulation current the transponder sends back the 64 bits of information contained in a factory pre programmed memory array 2 2 Read Only Transponder EM4005 The Transponder is powered by an electromagnetic field and gets the master clock from the same field By turning on and off the modulation current the transponder sends back the 64 bits of information contained in a factory pre programmed memory array 2 3 1kBit Read Write Transponder EM4150 A transponder is supplied by means of an electromagnetic field induced to the attached coil The AC voltage is rectified in order to provide a DC internal supply voltage When the DC voltage crosses the Power On level the chip will enter the Standard Read Mode and send data The data to be sent in this mode is user defined by storing the first and last addresses to be output When the last address is sent the transponder continues with the first address until the transceiver sends a request In the read mode a Listen Window LIW is generated before each word During this time the EM4150 will turn to the Receive Mode RM if it receives a valid RM pattern The Transponder then expects a valid command 2 4 Crypt Read Write Transponder EM4170 A transpo
15. nder is supplied by means of an electromagnetic field induced on the attached coil The AC voltage is rectified in order to provide a DC internal supply voltage AppNote 405 When the DC voltage crosses the Power On level the chip will enter the Standby Mode and expect commands In Standby Mode a continuous sequence of Listen Windows LIW is generated During this time the Crypt transponder will turn to the Receive Mode RM if it receives a valid RM pattern The chip then expects a command to enter the desired mode of operation 2 5 Read Only with Anticollision Transponder EM4025 A transponder is supplied by means of an electromagnetic field induced on the attached coil The AC voltage is rectified in order to provide a DC internal supply voltage When the DC voltage crosses the Power On level the chip will enter the Quit Mode and waits for a command from the reader The implemented anticollision protocol allows identifying a variety of transponders placed in the reader field by using dedicated commands 2 6 2kBit Read Write Anticollision Transponder EM4056 A transponder is supplied by means of an electromagnetic field induced on the attached coil The AC voltage is rectified in order to provide a DC internal supply voltage When the DC voltage crosses the Power On level the chip will enter the Quit Mode and waits for a command from the reader The implemented anticollision protocol allows identifying a variety of transponders
16. ntax value is 0X15 In the following tables the description of the message syntax which is needed for the communication to the Development Kit EM4095 is given configuration of Serial interface 9600 Baud no stop bit all values HEX Reader Antenna JNQ Channel Coil fault Short Reader ON OFF 2k Baud T 3 2k Baud I 4k Baud Table 1 Message Format Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 3 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 4 2 2 Request messages to the transponder reader serial data byte command description gt TagReader En pj nn EN Ee EE EE EE r EM4170 nnn j nn read ID EN read UMI 1 L j Authentication write word 0 1 write word 12 15 write SKEY write PIN read UM2 TKP EM4102 4105 Read Only Txp read ID 4102 Read Only Txp read ID 4105 TXP EM4150 Login Write Password Write Word Selective Read Mode Reset Read Tag define in Control word TXP EM4025 Select Read 30h Toggle 24h Select 22h Deselect 12h Customer ID General Read 14h Read if Enable 06h Reset 35h o HI Stop Arbitration TXP EM4056 ReadRom Select Toggle 04h Tag 05h DeSelectTag 06h Protection write gr Start Arbitration MERI JAG ID bit 560555 range from D20 001000 to D92 100110 E Read word Word Access Write OCh Add 0Dh Comp OEh Login Start Arbitration St
17. omer specific application or parts of the schematic can be integrated in a customer specific board design The CryptCo microcontroller which calculates the crypt functions for the EM4170 Crypt Transponder is only needed for this type of transponder On the following pages the circuit diagram of the chip set board and the layout is documented The board can be used with the printed reading coil or an external coil can be connected in this case the connection to the printed coil should be disabled When using an external coil the resonance capacitors should be changed so that the circuit is tuned to resonance Details are described in the EM4095 application note So if you want to connect your own antenna to the Development Kit EM4095 you will have to e Disconnect the integrated coil by cutting the two nets which are connected to LB1 amp LB2 9 Connect your antenna to X6 amp X7 e Use the EM4095 Excel worksheet to calculate the value of capacitors C1 C2 amp C3 This sheet can be found on EM s website www emmicroelectronic com To calculate these 3 capacitor values you will have to measure previously some specifications of your antenna e Coil value in Henry to determine the value of C1 e Q Quality factor Q L W Rs Rs is the serial resistor of the Antenna With the Development Kit EM4095 you can also boost or reduce the Antenna current by changing the value of the resistance R1 For example if you d
18. onic com AppNote 405 5 2 4 Flow chart Transponder EM4170 command 4170 prep ID gt Yes command start rd INT p prep UM1 d command ed M start rd INT OK ju ais 2 status poscis T lf Age DATA READ gt I Ne M d 2 start rd INT NA D P oe 4 o prep write Status EON command lt RIE gt Yes 3 start rd INT V FINISH 1 A prep write p d status SS N command gt lt WRITE Yes 3 start rd INT FINISH i set status No LIW MODE No write next SKEY word P prep write Status Se N lt command WRITE gt Yes gt lt start rd INT M FINISH nd set status LIW MODE write next Y p PIN word prep write 1 status lt write Pin gt Yes gt command 4 WRITE Yes gt lt d start rd INT x 8 je prep PIN status D CRC command mee DATA READ gt YTYs AA start rd INT bw o z j prep UM2 P P Status gt command gt C start rd INT NC E return 7 Figure 7 Flow chart Transponder EM4170 Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 13 www emmicroelectronic com 5 2 9 Flow chart
19. op Arbitration Reader command Status Reader send autom after Power ON switch Coil ON OFF 1 1 1111 1 1 1 1 1 Table 2 Reguest messages to the transponder reader Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 4 www emmicroelectronic com 4 2 3 Response message from the transponder reader TXP EM4170 read ID read UM1 write SKEY write PIN read UM2 5 2 E 8 e 2 o s z S 9 sis Ei a 5 15 18 i ojo DG 2 a a s Read ID 4102 Read ID 4105 x 5 m N EN a TKP EM4150 Login Write Word 1 Reset 5 5 2 21 2 o o a 8 5 31 26 5 2 c 2 gs m 2 a iS P o a TKP EM4025 Select Read 30h Toggle 24h General Read 14h Read if Enable 06h CHK gt gt AJA TXP EM4056 ReadRom elect Toggle 04h Tag 05h DeSelectTag 06h oo S 1 s fa 2 12 gg Ss ele 5 15 gt gt gt gt gt 0 ojo x A A x A z 212 E 5 18 a lo a EIZ o 2 2 12 i 5 gt a a gt 0 x o Protection write Read word Write 0 00 Comp 0Eh Login Status Reader send autom after Power ON switch Coil ON OFF Change Baudrate General Reset 35h AppNote 405 _ NAN send PIN LLL j j j j j j ee OS j LL ki TEN NANA
20. placed in the reader field by using dedicated commands 3 Initial Start up Before supplying 5V power to the board connect a serial cable 1 1 to your PC With a standard terminal program 9600 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit you can send commands to the reader in hex format To start the reader a request message from the Master PC must be sent The reader answers by means of a response message 4 Interface 4 1 Message structure A Message starts with byte STX Start of Text Its value is always equal to 0x02 The next byte n transmits the position of the Checksum byte called CHK followed by the command byte and if necessary required data bytes to the reader All the commands for all RFID transponders are described in the following tables The following 8bit checksum CHK Byte for the RS 232 interface is needed for Request and Response messages The Checksum is calculated byte per byte with XOR operation since n Byte up to CHK Byte CRC byte XOR bytes XOR byten 1 Send an ETX End of Text after the Checksum Byte for completing the data stream The value of ETX is equal to 0X03 The response of the transponder reader has the same syntax Copyright 2001 EM Microelectronic Marin SA 2 www emmicroelectronic com AppNote 405 Inside the response message from the RFID transponder 4 2 Communication link the ACK Byte value is equal to OX06 and the NACK Byte 4 2 1 I Communication sy
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