CIO-INT-32 - Measurement Computing
Contents
1. eese 7 4 0 SPECIFICATIONS s esee 9 5 0 ELECTRONICS AND INTERFACING sees 11 5 1 PULL UP amp PULL DOWN RESISTORS ee eee 11 3 2 VOLTAGE DIVIDERS 03 6356 ras nal LL Eh E e ee 13 5 3 LOW PASS FILTERS DE BOUNCE INPUTS esses 15 This page is blank 1 0 INTRODUCTION This manual provides technical information for the CIO INT32 It is intended to be used with the ZILOG 8536 integrated circuit data sheet and programming manual The CIO INT32 can accept up to 32 vector interrupts and output an interrupt to the PC The board contains two Z8536 chips each of which accepts up to 16 independent inputs that can be used to generate interrupts from bit patterns or individual bit states or transitions The interrupt outputs from two X8536 chips can be ANDed by an on board jumper Many other functions can be performed by the CIO INT32 including digital pattern recognition counting with six 16 bit counters and up to 40 bits of digital I O The 16 bit counters can be set up independently or chained together in groups of three The CIO INT32 is shipped with InstaCal a package of software for installation and testing of the board In addition the board can be supported by the Universal Library which provides programming support for all Windows languages The CIO INT32 has a pair of Z8536 VO chips interfaced to the ISA bus All of its I O lines are accessible through a 502. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 SW HEX For example shown to the right are A9 200 address 9 and 8 ON all others A8 100 AT 80 SER A6 40 blttitt 8 Address 9 200H 512D and M 10 address 8 100H 256D when A3 08 added together they equal 300H 768D BASE ADDRESS SWITCH Address 300H shown here Certain address are used by the PC others are free and may be used by the CIO INT32 and other expansion boards We recommend BASE 300H 768D be tried first Table 1 PC I O Addresses HEX FUNCTION HEX FUNCTION RANGE RANGE 000 00F 8237 DMA 1 2C0 2CF EGA 020 021 8259 PIC 1 2D0 2DF EGA 040 043 8253 TIMER 2E0 2E7 GPIB AT 060 063 8255 PPI XT 2E8 2EF SERIAL PORT 060 064 8742 CONTROLLER AT 2F8 2FF SERIAL PORT 070 071 CMOS RAM amp NMI MASK AT 300 30F PROTOTYPE CARD 080 08F DMA PAGE REGISTERS 310 31F PROTOTTYPE CARD 0A0 0A1 8259 PIC 2 AT 320 32F HARD DISK XT 0A0 0AF NMI MASK XT 378 37F PARALLEL PRINTER 0CO ODF 8237 2 AT 380 38F SDLC OFO OFF 80287 NUMERIC CO P AT 3A0 3AF SDLC 1F0 1FF HARD DISK AT 3B0 3BB MDA 200 20F GAME CONTROL 3BC 3BF PARALLEL PRINTER 210 21F EXPANSION UNIT XT 3C0 3CF EGA 238 23B BUS MOUSE 3D0 3DF CGA 23C 23F ALT BUS MOUSE 3E8 3EF SERIAL PORT 270 27F PARALLEL PRINTER 3F0 3F7 FLOPPY DISK 2B0 2BF EGA 3F8 3FF SERIAL PORT The CIO INT32 BASE switch may be set for add
3. I O chip initializes all ports as inputs on power up and reset A TTL input is a high impedence input If you connect another TTL input device to the Z8536 it will probably be turned ON every time the Z8536 is reset or it might be turned OFF instead Remember and Z8536 which is reset is in INPUT mode To safeguard against unwanted signal levels all devices being controlled by an Z8536 should be tied low or high as required by a 10K resistor You will find positions for pull up and pull down resistor packs on your CIO INT32 board To implement these please turn to the section on pull up down resistors 36 CONNECTOR DIAGRAM The CIO INT32 I O connector is a 50 pin header type connector accessible from the rear of the PC through the expansion backplate The signals available are direct connections to a Z8536 digital I O chip GND e e 49 5V C3 OUT CO e e 47 C1C3IN C3 TRIG C2 e e 45 C3 C3 GATE INT INPUT e e 43 INT ENABLE NC e e 4 NC C2 OUT BO e e 39 B1C2IN C2 TRIG B2 e e 37 B3C2GATE FIRST 28536 C1 OUT B4 e e 35 85C1 IN BASE 0 1 2 C1 TRIG B6 e e 33 B7 C1GATE AO e e 1 A2 e e 9 3 A4 e e 27 AS A6 e e 25 7 63 OUT CO 24 i e e 23 C1C3IN C3 TRIG C2 e e C3C3GATE 2 5 MHz OUT e e 19 5MuHz INTAOUT e e 17 nrsour SECOND Z8536 C2 OUT BO e e 15 B1C2IN BASE 4 5 6 C2 TRIG B2 e e 13 B3C2GATE C1 OUT B4 e e 11 B5C1IN C1 TRIG B6 ee 9 B7C1 GATE AO eeo 7 A2 oels 3 A4 e oe 3 5 A6 ee A If fr
4. Z8536 Processor BASE 0 Port C Input Port C Output BASE 1 Port B Input Port B Output BASE 2 Port A Input Port A Output BASE 3 Status Control Second Z8536 Processor BASE 4 Port C Port C BASE 5 Port B Port B BASE 6 Port A Port A BASE 7 Status Control Refer to the Zilog Z8536 manual for programming instructions 4 0 SPECIFICATIONS Typical for 25 C unless otherwise specified Power consumption 5V Operating 440 mA typical 720 mA max Counter Timer and Parallel I O Device Output High Output Low Input High Input Low Power up reset state Zilog Z85C36 2 2 4 volts min 250uA 0 5 volts max 3 2 mA 2 0 volts min 7 volts absolute max 0 8 volts max 0 3 volts absolute min Input mode high impedance Configured as Digital Input Output Ports Digital Configuration Number of channels 4 banks of 8 Ports A and B 2 banks of 4 Port C programmable by bit or bank as input or output 40 VO Configured as Counter Timers Port A is a Digital I O port only Counter type Counter Configuration Clock input frequency High pulse width clock input Low pulse width clock input Trigger pulse width high low Interrupts Zilog Z85C36 6 16 bit counter timers Port B High and Low nibble and Port C All Trigger C1 C3 TRIG Source C1 C3 IN Gate C1 C3 GATE and Output C1 C3 OUT available at user connector 3Mhz max 150ns min 150ns min 130ns min The Z8536 is program
5. pin header connector The I O pins of an Z8536 are TTL levels Connections to the board typically use the CSOFF cable and the CIO MINISO terminal board 2 0 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION In order to easily test your installation it is recommended that you install InstaCal the installation calibration and test utility that was supplied with your board Refer to the Software Installation Manual for information on the initial setup loading and installation of InstaCal and optional Universal Library software 3 0 HARDWARE INSTALLATION 3 1 BASE ADDRESS The CIO INT32 employs the PC bus for power communications and data transfer As such it draws power from the PC monitors the address lines and control signals and responds to it s I O address and it receives and places data on the 8 data lines If enabled it has interrupt capability The BASE address is the most important user selectable bus related feature of the CIO INT32 The base address is the location that software writes to and reads from when communicating with the CIO INT32 The base address switch is the means for setting the base address Each switch position corresponds to one of the PC bus address lines By placing the switch down the CIO INT32 address decode logic is instructed to respond to that address bit A complete address is constructed by calculating the HEX or decimal number which corresponds to all the address bits the CIO INT32 has been instructed to respond to
6. resistor R and one capacitor C The cut off frequency is determined according to the formula Fc 1 2 n R C Where x 3 14 R ohms R 1 C Farads 2 m C Fe 15 For your notes 16 For your notes 17 For your notes 18 EC Declaration of Conformity We Measurement Computing Corp declare under sole responsibility that the product Part Number Description CIO INT32 Interrupt vector board to which this declaration relates meets the essential requirements is in conformity with and CE marking has been applied according to the relevant EC Directives listed below using the relevant section of the following EC standards and other normative documents EU EMC Directive 89 336 EEC Essential requirements relating to electromagnetic compatibility EU 55022 Class B Limits and methods of measurements of radio interference characteristics of information technology equipment EN 50082 1 EC generic immunity requirements IEC 801 2 Electrostatic discharge requirements for industrial process measurement and control equipment IEC 801 3 Radiated electromagnetic field requirements for industrial process measurements and control equipment IEC 801 4 Electrically fast transients for industrial process measurement and control equipment Carl Haapaoja Director of Quality Assurance Measurement Computing Corporation 10 Commerce Way Suite 1008 Norton Massachusetts 02766 508 946 5100 Fax 5
7. 08 946 9500 E mail info mccdaq com www mccdag com
8. CIO INT32 User s Manual Fa N Pa Wi V MEASUREMENT COMPUTING Revision 4 September 2000 Your new Measurement Computing product comes with a fantastic extra Management committed to your satisfaction Thank you for choosing a Measurement Computing product and congratulations You own the finest and you can now enjoy the protection of the most comprehensive warranties and unmatched phone tech support It s the embodiment of our mission mm To provide data acquisition hardware and software that will save time and save money Simple installations minimize the time between setting up your system and actually making measurements We offer quick and simple access to outstanding live FREE technical support to help integrate MCC products into a DAQ system Limited Lifetime Warranty Most MCC products are covered by a limited lifetime warranty against defects in materials or workmanship for the life of the product to the original purchaser unless otherwise noted Any products found to be defective in material or workmanship will be repaired replaced with same or similar device or refunded at MCC s discretion For specific information please refer to the terms and conditions of sale Harsh Environment Program Any Measurement Computing product that is damaged due to misuse or any reason may be eligible for replacement with the same or similar device for 50 of the current list price I O boards face some harsh environments some h
9. Z8536 digital output with a pull up 28536 5V resistor attached 10K The pull up resistor provides AO a reference to 5V while its value of 10 000 ohms allows Controlled very little current to flow Device through the circuit If the Z8536 is reset and enters high impedance input the line is pulled high At that point both the Z8536 AND the device being controlled will sense a high signal If the Z8536 is in output mode the Z8536 has more than enough power to over ride the pull up resistor s high signal and drive the line to O volts If the Z8536 asserts a high signal the pull up resistor guaranties that the line goes to 5V Of course a pull down resistor accomplishes the same task except that the line is pulled low when the Z8536 is reset The Z8536 has more than enough power to drive the line high The CIO INT32 boards are equipped with positions for pull up down resistors Single Inline Packages SIPs The positions are marked A B and C and are located beside the 28536 A 10 Kohm 8 resistor SIP has 10K resistors all connected one side to a single common point and the other each to a pin protruding from the SIP The common line to which all resistor are connected also protrudes from the SIP The common line is marked with a dot and is at one end of the SIP The SIP may be installed as pull up or pull down At each location A B amp C there are 10 holes in a line One end of the line is 5V the other e
10. ained from chip 1 to chip 2 W Chained W O Not Chained Interrupt source from Z8536 Chips 1 Chip 1 U1 or Chip 2 U2 2 Chip 2 only 3 Chip 1 only 4 External from connector 5 No on board source enabled Interrupt level to PC bus Leave on X unless you are using interrupt software Check for conflicts with other devices which use interrupts INTERRUPT amp RELATED JUMPERS Choose the source of the interrupt to be routed to the PC bus using the INT SRC jumper If the Z8536s are chained you must choose 1 Chip 1 or Chip 2 4 The interrupt output from the Z8536 or connector must be routed to the PC bus The interrupt jumper allows you to choose a PC interrupt in the range 2 through 7 There is no information in this manual describing how to write or use an interrupt service routine 3 3 INSTALLING THE CIO INT32 IN THE COMPUTER Turn the power off Remove the cover of your computer Please be careful not to dislodge any of the cables installed on the boards in your computer as you slide the cover off Locate an empty ISA expansion slot in your computer Push the board firmly down into the expansion bus connector If it is not seated fully it may fail to work and could short circuit the PC bus power onto a PC bus signal This could damage the motherboard in your PC as well as the CIO INT32 34 CABLING TO THE CONNECTOR CIO INT32 has a pair of Z8536 I O chips interfaced to the PC
11. arsher than the boards are designed to withstand Contact MCC to determine your product s eligibility for this program 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Any Measurement Computing Corporation product may be returned within 30 days of purchase for a full refund of the price paid for the product being returned If you are not satisfied or chose the wrong product by mistake you do not have to keep it These warranties are in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular application The remedies provided herein are the buyer s sole and exclusive remedies Neither Measurement Computing Corporation nor its employees shall be liable for any direct or indirect special incidental or consequential damage arising from the use of its products even if Measurement Computing Corporation has been notified in advance of the possibility of such damages Trademark and Copyright Information Measurement Computing Corporation InstaCal Universal Library and the Measurement Computing logo are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Measurement Computing Corporation Refer to the Copyrights amp Trademarks section on mecdaq com legal for more information about Measurement Computing trademarks Other product and company names mentioned herenrare trademarks or trade names of their respective companies 2000 Measurement Computing Corporation All rights reserved No part of this pu
12. blication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means electronic mechanical by photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Measurement Computing Corporation Notice Measurement Computing Corporation does not authorize any Measurement Computing Corporation product for use in life support systems and or devices without prior written consent from Measurement Computing Corporation Life support devices systems are devices or systems that a are intended for surgical implantation into the body or b support or sustain life and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in injury Measurement Computing Corporation products are not designed with the components required and are not subject to the testing required to ensure a level of reliability suitable for the treatment and diagnosis of people C Copyright 2000 Measurement Computing Corp HM CIO INT32 Iwp Table of Contents 1 0 INTRODUCTION vU A gerer EE 1 2 0 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION eene II 2 3 0 HARDWARE INSTALLATION eese III 2 3 1 BASE ADDRESS elei ae te sen PUR E PRU 2 3 2 INTERRUPT LEVEL SELECT esee 3 3 3 INSTALLING THE CIO INT32 IN THE COMPUTER 5 3 4 CABLING TO THE CONNECTOR seeee e 6 3 5 SIGNAL CONNECTION eeeele I 6 3 6 CONNECTOR DIAGRAM leeeee I 7 3 7 26536 CONTROL amp DATA REGISTERS
13. bus with all its I O lines accessible through a 50 pin header connector The I O pins of an Z8536 are TTL level The CIO INT32 connector is accessible through the PC AT expansion bracket The connector is a standard 50 pin header connector The C50FF cable and a screw terminal board the CIO MINISO provide easy access for wiring to the board through 50 12 22 AWG screw terminals on a 4 X 4 terminal board 3 5 SIGNAL CONNECTION All the digital outputs inputs on the CIO INT32 connector are TTL TTL is an electronics industry term short for Transistor Transistor Logic which describes a standard for digital signals which are either at OV or 5V nominal Under normal operating conditions the voltages on the Z8536 pins range from near 0 volts for the low state to near 5 0 volts for the high state The current handling capability of these inputs outputs is limited to a few milliamps This is typical of TTL devices The voltages and currents associated with external devices range from less than a hundred mA at a few volts for a small flash light bulb to 50 Amps at 220 volts for a large electric range Attempting to connect either of these devices directly to the CIO INT32 would destroy the I O chip In addition to voltage and load matching digital signal sources often need to be de bounced A complete discussion of digital interfacing will be found in the section on Interface Electronics in this manual IMPORTANT NOTE The Z8536 digital
14. d to drive all outputs to a known state after power on or Teset pull all pins either high or low through a 10K resistor To install pull up down resistor packs see the following section 5 1 PULL UP amp PULL DOWN RESISTORS This discussion deals with pull up pull down resistors and Z8536 digital I O chips on CIO INT32 boards Whenever the Z8536 is powered on or reset the control register is set to a known state When used as an output device to control other TTL input devices the 28536 applies a voltage level of OV for low and 2 5V to 5V for high It is the output voltage level of the Z8536 that the device being controlled responds to The concept of voltage level of an Z8536 in input mode is meaningless Do not connect a volt meter to the floating input of an Z8536 It will show you nothing of meaning In input mode the Z8536 is in high Z or high impedance If your Z8536 was connected to another input chip the device you were controlling the inputs of that chip are left floating whenever the Z8536 is in input mode If the inputs of the device you are controlling are left to float they may float up or down Which way they float is dependent on the characteristics of the circuit and the 11 electrical environment and unpredictable This is why it often appears that the Z8536 has gone high after power up The result is that the controlled device gets turned on That is why you need pull up down resistors Shown here is one
15. equent changes to signal connections or signal conditioning is required please refer to catalog information on the CIO MINISO screw terminal board 3 7 Z8536 CONTROL amp DATA REGISTERS Each CIO INT32 is composed of two Z8536 parallel I O chips Each chip contains three data and one control register occupying four consecutive I O locations Complete programming and interface information is included in the Zilog 28536 manuals Control and output of the Z8536 chips is accomplished by I O writes status and inputs may be read from I O ports The first I O address or BASE ADDRESS is determined by setting a bank of switches on the board To write to or read from a register in decimal or HEX the following weights apply BIT POSITION DECIMAL VALUE HEX VALUE 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 3 8 8 4 16 10 5 32 20 6 64 40 7 128 80 To write a control word or data to a register the individual bits must be set to 0 or 1 then combined to form a Byte The method of programming required to set read bits from bytes is beyond the scope of this manual It will be covered in most Introduction To Programming books available from a bookstore In summary form the registers and their function are listed on the following table Each register has eight bits which may constitute a byte of data or eight individual bit set read functions ADDRESS READ FUNCTION WRITE FUNCTION First
16. mable to generate interrupts based on bit change pattern recognition level or edge triggered whether configured as a digital I O port or counter port See Z8536 manual for further options Interrupts Interrupt enable Levels 2 through 7 jumper selectable IRQ LEVEL Jumper selectable IRQ LEVEL and external INT ENABLE active low pulled high through resistor 9 Interrupt sources Interrupt output Interrupt priority Environmental Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Humidity Jumper selectable INT SRC 8536A interrupt output 8536B interrupt output 8536A OR ed with 8536B external INT INPUT positive edge triggered or None Buffered output for each chip available at user connector INTA OUT INTB OUT Jumper selectable INT PRIORITY No priority or 8536A interrupt has priority over 8536B interrupt 0 to 50 C 20 to 70 C 0 to 90 non condensing 10 5 0 ELECTRONICS AND INTERFACING This short simple introduction to the electronics most often needed by digital I O board users covers a few key concepts They are Pull up down resistors Voltage dividers Low pass filters for digital inputs IMPORTANT NOTE WHEN THE Z8536 IS POWERED ON OR RESET ALL PINS ARE SET TO HIGH IMPEDANCE INPUT The implications of this is that if you have output devices such as solid state relays they may be switched on whenever the computer is powered on or reset To prevent unwanted switching an
17. nd is GND They are so marked The eight holes in the middle are connected to the eight lines of the port A B or C 12 Install and solder the SIP in place Install the SIP with the common pin dot in either the HI or LO hole then solder the SIP in place A resistor value of 10k 10000 ohms is recommended Use other values only if you have calculated the necessity of doing so 5 2 VOLTAGE DIVIDERS If you wish to measure a signal which varies over a range greater than the input range of a digital input a voltage divider can drop the voltage of the input signal to the level the digital input can measure A voltage divider takes advantage of Ohm s law which states Voltage Current Resistance and Kirkoff s voltage law which states The sum of the voltage drops around a circuit will be equal to the voltage drop for the entire circuit Implied in the above is that any variation in the voltage drop for the circuit as a whole will have a proportional variation in all the voltage drops in the circuit A voltage divider takes advantage of the fact that the voltage across one of the resistors in a circuit is proportional to the voltage across the total resistance in the circuit Signal 4 High Vi R1 Signal A D Board Vots n MM v2 R2 Vout Signal A D Board Low v y Low Input SIMPLE VOLTAGE DIVIDER Vin R1 R2 Vout R2 The trick to using a voltage divider is to choose two resistors with the proper pr
18. oportions relative to the full scale of the digital input and the maximum signal voltage The phenomena of dropping the voltage proportionally is often called attenuation The formula for attenuation is The variable Attenuation is the proportional Attenuation R1 R2 difference between the signal voltage max and the R2 full scale of the analog input For example if the signal varies between 0 and 20 2 10K 10K volts and you wish to measure that with an analog 10K input with a full scale range of 0 to 10 volts the Attenuation is 2 1 or just 2 R1 A 1 R2 For a given attenuation pick a handy resistor and call it R2 the use this formula to calculate R1 Digital inputs also make use of voltage dividers For example if you wish to measure a digital signal that is at O volts when off and 24 volts when on you cannot connect that directly to the CIO DIO digital inputs The voltage must be dropped to 5 volts max when on The Attenuation is 24 5 or 4 8 Use the equation above to find an appropriate R1 if R2 is 10K Remember that a TTL input is on when the input voltage is greater than 2 5 volts IMPORTANT NOTE The resistors R1 and R2 are going to dissipate all the power in the divider circuit according to the equation Current Voltage Resistance The higher the value of the resistance R1 R2 the less power dissipated by the divider circuit Here is a simple rule For Attenuation of 5 1 or less no resistor should be le
19. ress in the range of 000 3F8 so it should not be hard to find a free address area for you CIO INT32 Once again if you are not using IBM prototyping cards or some other board which occupies these addresses then 300 31F HEX are free to use Addresses not specifically listed such as 390 39F are free 3 2 INTERRUPT LEVEL SELECT If the software you are writing employs interrupt service routines you will need to select and enable interrupts from the CIO INT32 to the PC bus The table below lists typical IRQ assignments The IRQs described as UNASSIGNED are typically available to you Table 2 Available IRQs NAME DESCRIPTION NAME DESCRIPTION NMI PARITY IRQ8 REAL TIME CLOCK AT IRQO TIMER IRQ9 RE DIRECTED TO IRQ2 AT IRQI KEYBOARD IRQ10 UNASSIGNED IRQ2 RESERVED XT IRQ11 UNASSIGNED INT 8 15 AT IRQ3 COM OR SDLC IRQI2 UNASSIGNED IRQ4 COM OR SDLC IRQ13 80287 NUMERIC CO P IRQ5 HARD DISK AT IRQ14 HARD DISK LPT AT IRQ6 FLOPPY DISK IRQ15 UNASSIGNED IRQ7 LPT Note IRQ8 15 are AT only The CIO INT32 may assert interrupts either 1 From an external source brought to the connector 2 Individually from each Z8536 for 16 external interrupt lines per chip 3 Chained as a set of 32 interrupt lines Choose a chained or unchained scheme by selecting chained W or not chained W O at the INT PRIORITY jumper CT INT PRIORITY Interrupt priority Are interrupts ch
20. ss than 10K For Attenuation of greater than 5 1 no resistor should be less than IK The CIO TERMINAL has the circuitry on board to create custom voltage dividers The CIO TERMINAL is a 16 by 4 screw terminal board with two 37 pin D type connectors and 56 screw terminals 12 22 AWG Designed for table top wall or rack mounting the board provides prototype divider circuit filter circuit and pull up resistor positions which you may complete with the proper value components for your application 14 5 3 LOW PASS FILTERS DE BOUNCE INPUTS A low pass filter is placed on the signal wires between a signal and an A D board It stops frequencies greater than the cut off frequency from entering the A D board s analog or digital inputs The key term in a low pass filter circuit is cut off frequency The cut off frequency is that frequency above which no variation of voltage with respect to time may enter the circuit For example if a low pass filter had a cut off frequency of 30 Hz the kind of interference associated with line voltage 60Hz would be filtered out but a signal of 25Hz would be allowed to pass e Signal A D Board High R High Input __c Signal Volts Signal A D Board Low i EON Input LOW PASS FILTER F 1 2 Pi R C Also in a digital circuit a low pass filter might be used to de bounce an input from a momentary contact button pushed by a person A low pass filter may be constructed from one
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