MI 2093 Line Tracer
Contents
1. Receiver R10K switched in Capacitive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Fig 12 Tracing cable or determination of the belonging fuse on non energized installation The receiver detects the electrical field caused by the voltage generation of the transmitter Tracing Cables in Walls Ceilings Floor and Ground on Energized Systems Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in load mode Fig 13 Tracing cable or determination of the belonging fuse on energized installation The receiver detects the electromagnetic field caused by load current of the transmitter Note The tracing distance can be increased if the transmitter is connected to N of one wall socket and L of another wall socket 17 Line Tracer 3 2 Determining Cable Faults Locating cable interruptions s Receiver R10K switched in apacitive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Fig 14 Determination of interruption location electrical field caused by transmitter disappears behind the interruption Locating earth fault Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Fig 15 Determination of short circuit location Electromagnetic field disappears behind the short circuit location Attention Load current of Transmitter is 1 A Therefore for the safety2. Line Tracer MI 2093 T10K R10K User Manual Ver 3 2 Code No 20 750 717 METREL Line Tracer Distributor Producer METREL d d Ljubljanska 77 SI 1354 Horjul Tel 386 1 755 82 00 Fax 386 1 754 92 26 http www metrel si E mail metrel metrel si 2000 2002 METREL No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without permission in writing from METREL Subject to technical change without notice Line Tracer Tt SEDUCE NO cies ce alc escape ae se soa ern wees a meet anne 4 frei Wee i al t Wioto e 916 0 eek nnn ae enn heen ke enone er ee eee er ee ree 4 TZ PAD DICE SANG ANG S eian OTN 4 129 WAN S eerie EETA TEERAA ASEN 4 TA ICIOS Or USE oirn O 5 1 5 Transmitter T10K 0 00 ccc cccceccecceeceeceeceece eee eeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeesseeeeeseeseeseeseeseeseeseeseesaees 3 TOs RECEIVER RIOR aorioridre onire E 6 ZO PEST AUN POPU IONS sipna a ana aR 8 Zt Fundamentals soisin r E E E E a 8 2 2 Tracing the electromagnetic field of lines 2 0 0 0 ccccc cece eeeceeeceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeees 10 2 3 Tracing the electrical field Of lines ccc ceecceecceeeceeeceeeeeeseeeseeceeeseeseeesaeesaeees 14 3 Typical applications caecrcerecanestcanacaaavacnaccacasns cont nan canmecai anes naan aaun cuss nienmaavesanasasaaanaan eines 16 3 0 Detecting energized state of installation cc cccccccecceeceseceeeseeeeeeesseseeesaees 16 3 1 Tracing Cables
3. Notes Inductive sensor contains a winding The best sensitivity is always achieved when the winding axis is parallel to the magnetic field around the searched object Always try to find the best signal by rotating the sensor around its axis The traced object with good conductivity has very low voltage drop and weak electrical field in parallel with it lf a source in active load mode is connected to the energized line with significant internal impedance then voltage variations of loading are also sources of electrical field around line The detectability of the electrical field is mentioned below Electric field Electric field is always present between two conductors or points of different potential In most cases the potential is between a conductor and ground or between two neighbor conductors Free conductor Xe electrical field is distributed around conductor maximum magnitude of electric field between conductor and closest conductive ground CAPacitive sensor is applicable for tracing Two conductors a electrical field is distributed and wide EN around each conductor distance ae maximum magnitude of electric field between conductors CAPacitive sensor is applicable for tracing Two conductors major part of electric field is and tiny concentrated in a gap between distance conductors rest of the field depends on distance between conductors CAPacitive sensor is applicable for tracing up to a few cm distance
4. Distance up to Conductor 30cm ooo O Whenever the traced line or a part of the traced line is accessible it is recommended to use the appropriate Test Tip connected to the Receiver R10K see the figure below The signal selectivity will be improved by using the test tip This allows applications like determining fuses individual wires in a tuft of wires etc In that case LOW sensitivity key for lowest signal gain is recommended 14 Line Tracer LINES Non energized DC powered Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Me i Abb bbb sssssssssssssssssssssssssd Fig 10 Tracing the conductor using Test tip Line Tracer 3 Typical applications 3 0 Detecting energized state of installation Unknown state of installation MAINS SUPPLY LEDs LOAD and GEN of Transmitter T10K indicate state Fig 11 Transmitter acts as energized state detector The transmitter T10K automatically recognizes the energized state of the line connected to AS mentioned in paragraph 1 5 the LED indicators i e LOAD and GEN show internal working condition The following table contains the two possible states External voltage on terminals LED activated 30 V 264 V a c 50 Hz or 60 Hz LOAD d c or lt 30 V a c 16 Line Tracer 3 1 Tracing Cables in Walls Ceilings Floor and Ground and Defected Fuses Tracing of Hidden Wires on Non energized Systems
5. in Walls Ceilings Floor and Ground and Defected Fuses 17 3 3 Determining Individual Wires FUSES etc ccc cecc secs eee eeeceeceeeaeeeeeeeeeseeeaeenees 19 4 Tehnical characteristics 6 civesszssarenszecsxs sazinaxsnadenadsuadsvateasdenatd nabegantepeteeaktandegudsacdiaaxeutes 21 EBs danS mer T IOK cc etre seer eee cant E E 21 ZZ INCCOCIVEI IN LOM erara OOR 21 SMEM ENANC Eeri rer a rege ce aaa eae mee a NS 22 5 1 Battery Replacement for Transmitter T10K ccc ceccceceeeeceeeceeeseeeseeeseeeaees 22 5 2 Battery Replacement for Receiver R10K c cccccccceceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeaeeeseeeaees 22 OEE E a N EE ET E E E E E E A E ET 22 IA DONICE aaa OI S 22 6 Ordering Informatio N ssassnisdrss e a raa 23 Ocoee el ana a ain A E 23 G7 JODUON aC CESS OGS m 23 Line Tracer 1 Introduction 1 1 General Description The Line Tracer is universal equipment intended for tracing hidden conductive paths under plasters in walls floors and ground or for determining one wire in a tuft of wires Fuses or outlets belonging to a certain loop can be located The Line Tracer helps the operator to resolve hidden line problems easily short circuit interruption It consists of a transmitting unit transmitter T10K a receiving unit receiver R10K and accessories The transmitter injects emitted signal into the observed installation and this Signal is then traced with the receiver Units are independent of each ot
6. live e symbol on the instrument means Read the User Manual with special care Line Tracer Disconnect all test leads and switch the power off before opening the Battery cover Never touch metal tip of test probes or put fingers over protection barrier See the figure below Barrier Correct and safety Wrong and Hazardous live Max tip voltage 250 V 1 4 Fields of Use The primary fields of use are electrical installations but the Line Tracer can be also a useful tool in telecommunications computer network installations and elsewhere The main activities that can be carried out Tracing cables in walls ceilings floor and ground Tracing live or voltage free cables Locating cable interruptions and short circuits in cables Locating concealed sockets and distribution boxes Locating fuses and assignment to circuits Determining an individual wire in a bundle of wires Detecting the energized state of traced installation Tracing pipe installations and other conductive loops Note when using the Line Tracer MI 2093 for the first time it is recommended to apply it on known object e g a known cable location in the wall known fuses etc In this way the user gains the necessary skill for performing the measurements 1 5 Transmitter T10K The transmitter T10K generates signal which is connected to a traced object The state of an external voltage present at the output terminals selects one of the
7. reasons the max value of RE is less then 50 Q 18 Line Tracer 3 3 Determining Individual Wires Fuses etc Using Special Test Tip LINES unactive or DC powered L A1067 Transmitter T10K Receiver R10K is automatically switched in in generator mode capacitive mode Fig 16 Determination of individual wire The Test Tip connected to the receiver is used for determining an individual wire The lowest gain is recommended for this kind of application LOW gain Using Special Current Clamp ON PEELE Bt Transmitter T10K is automatically in load mode Fig 17 Determination of the belonging fuse by using current clamp Current clamp can be used to exactly determine an individual wire or belonging fuse It is recommended to use the lowest gain for this purpose LOW gain 19 Line Tracer Using Current Clamp for Current Signal Injection Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically i generator mode Fig 18 Tracing conductive loops by using current clamp Instead of a direct current signal injection clamp can be used for this purpose and conductive loop can be traced afterwards 20 Line Tracer 4 Tehnical characteristics 4 1 Transmitter T10K Batteries 4x AA size 1 5 V Low battery indicator Built in Operating temperature 0 C 40 C Storage temperature 30 C 60 C Weight 280 g Housing ABS plastics Dimensions 80 m
8. two modes of generating the test signal Line Tracer External voltage on terminals Test signal generating mode 30 V 264 V a c 50 Hz or 60 Hz Active load d c or lt 30 V a c Internal source Output Load two safety LED indicator a banana outputs wee Generator LED indicator Fig 1 Transmitter T10K In both modes 10 6 kHz signal bursts are injected directly into the connected line or coupled via an optional current clamp Led indicators on the transmitter T10K have the following meaning The transmitter is switched off The battery is empty and has to be replaced with a new one see chapter 5 1 LOAD The transmitter generates signal as the active load GEN The internal source is activated The transmitter T10K is supplied by 4 alkaline AA size IEC LR 6 battery cells 1 6 Receiver R10K The highly sensitive hand held Receiver R10K detects the injected signal around the traced line It generates sound and visual output relative to the signal intensity Its constructional designed points with its head detector to the maximum of detected signal and the center of traced object The slide switch of head detector enables the selection between two built in sensors Detector Sensor selector Recommendations Inductive Slide switch traced object is normally energized IND transmitter acts as active load loading current generates magnetic field around conductor Line Tracer Capacitive S
9. Note for shielded conductor if source U is connected between inner conductor and shield no field can be detected Line Tracer 2 2 Tracing the electromagnetic field of lines a Energized lines the transmitter in LOAD mode Hints When the transmitter is connected to energized lines the loop is determined with the mains transformer Tracing this way will give the best results and selectivity because of high values of the injected current The tracing principle allows accurate tracing even on longer distances LINES energized A MAINS SUPPLY Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in load mode Fig 3 Transmitter as active load Detection possibilities for traced object Tracing object Notes to Pair of Up to 40 cm one wall socket connection conductors Wide Up to 2 m connection between L in one wall socket and N in conductor loop the other with separated conduits Note proper connection is indicated with LED LOAD on transmitter LED lights when voltage is present Hints continued The position of the Receiver must be considered see the figures below Also wire direction can be defined this way 10 Line Tracer correct position Receiver R10K switched in INDuctive mode Fig 4 Detection of electromagnetic field Whenever it is possible to embrace the traced wire or pipe it is recommended to use the appropriate current clamp instead of the r
10. case Remove the cover Replace all four battery cells Pay attention to correct battery polarity Fix the cover with all four screws to original position The transmitter is energized with four alkaline AA size 1 5 V battery cells 5 2 Battery Replacement for Receiver R10K Unscrew two screws on the bottom of casing Remove the cover Replace the battery Pay attention to correct battery polarity Fix the cover back to the original position Receiver is energized with one 9 V battery IEC 6LR61 5 3 Cleaning Use soft patch moistened by water or alcohol and leave the instrument to dry totally after the cleaning Do not use liquids based on petrol Do not spill cleaning liquid over the instrument 5 4 Service In case of any instrument malfunction or damage noticed on the instrument or its accessories a competent service department must service the instrument Contact your dealer for detailed information 22 6 Ordering information 6 1 Standard Set Order no MI 2093 Transmitter T10K Receiver R10K Two test leads safety banana on both sides black 1 5 m for T10K Special selective tip probe Test tip 2pcs Alligator clip 2pcs Small soft carrying bag 6 2 Optional accessories Current clamp 1000 A 1 A d 52 mm A 1019 Test lead 1 5 m with built in resistor for R10K A 1067 Connection cable for clamp A 1068 Current clamp 200 A 0 2A d 15mm A 1074 23 Line Tracer
11. eceiver s inductive sensor see figure below By using the clamp the signal selectivity will considerably improve Always keep maximum distance between current clamp and R10K LINES energized 2 MAINS SUPPLY Y AnA E EI Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode T Transm itter T10K is automatically in load mode Fig 5 Transmitter as active load clamp used instead of inductive sensor For searching a fuse in a group of them the selective probe should be applied With it the housing of the fuse or wire must be touched at the right angle Find the best signal by rotating the probe Keep maximum distance between R10K and selective probe Note keep fingers behind the probe barrier to avoid electric shock and access of live parts 11 Line Tracer Energized system If ON al Selective probe Transmitter T10K is in LOAD mode Receiver R10K Fig 6 Searching the fuse b Non energized lines the transmitter in GEN mode Hints continued When the traced lines are in short circuit the test current from internal generator of the transmitter unit T10K flows through the tested loop This can also happen in case of cable shorts connected bulbs or other loads etc LINES Non energized or DC powered Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Fig 7 Injection of test current into tested loop Detection possibilities for trac
12. ed object Tracing object Pair of conductors UptoScm gt SSS 12 Line Tracer Hints continued When tracing conductive loops like pipe installation it is often not possible to disconnect them from each other taps radiators etc In such situations it is possible to inject the test signal into the loop by using a current clamp CONDUCTIVE LOOP wires pipes etc Receiver R10K switched in inductive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode Fig 8 Injection of test current into closed tested loop by means of current clamp Detection possibilities for traced object Tracing object Distance up to Pay attention to shorts that reduce basic loop size 13 Line Tracer 2 3 Tracing the electrical field of lines Hints The traced line should be insulated from ground to receive a strong and selective signal Switches and loads must be switched off switch off the main transformers grounding capacitors etc to prevent attenuation of the injected signal If the traced line has ground connection then the current flows and it is possible to trace in inductive mode of the receiver LINES Non energized DC powered Receiver R10K switched in Capacitive mode Transmitter T10K is automatically in generator mode ffm LISS SSS SSS L LLL LSS SLA LL LLL LLL LLL ALLL LLL Fig 9 Tracing the electrical field of a line Detection possibilities for the traced object Tracing object_
13. her Accessories such as a test lead for direct touching of the traced conductor a voltage output current clamp and a selective probe make the Line Tracer even more useful The instrument is supplied with all the accessories necessary for carrying out the tests It is stored in a soft carrying bag together with the accessories Most of the electronic parts of the instrument are produced in SMD technology therefore almost no service interventions are needed 1 2 Applied Standards Safety EN IEC 61010 1 instrument EN IEC 61010 031 accessories EMC EN IEC 61326 1 3 Warnings In order to reach the highest level of operator s safety while carrying out various tests using the Line Tracer as well as to ensure the test equipment to remain undamaged it is necessary to consider the following general warnings If the test equipment is used in a manner not specified in this User Manual the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Do not use the instrument and accessories if any damage is noticed e Only a competent and authorized person should carry out any service intervention Consider all generally known precautions in order to avoid risk of electric shock while dealing with electric installations Use only standard or optional test accessories supplied by your distributor for this line tracing system o Never make tracing loops from Line to ground or other accessible conductive parts hazardous
14. lide switch traced object is normally voltage free CAP transmitter has its internal source activated object acts as electrical field radiator External Rear connector for additional accessories like current clamp electric probe tip and selective sensor keep maximum distance to traced object in order to avoid interference of received signals through sensor head Safety barrier Low bat Sound indicator ON GAIN keys opening Sensitive area lt Inductive Capacitive switch Input conector LED bargraph probe current Potentiometer clamp Power ON _ for fine adjustment LED indicator Fig 2 Receiver R10K You can choose between three sensitivities low middle and high An extra potentiometer is added for fine sensitivity adjustment A buzzer sound and 10 level LED bar graph indicator suffice to indicate the location of the traced object Notes Always select sensitivity that is optimal for individual tracing The sensitivity can be changed during tracing Do not connect imput connector to hazardous alive voltage The receiver R10K is supplied by a 9V alkaline battery IEC 6LR61 Line Tracer 2 Operation principle 2 1 Fundamentals Decision for tracing mode selection depends on the object its structure energized state and many other reasons Understanding the electric and magnetic field characteristics leads to selecting the most applicable method For most of the applicatio
15. m x 50 mm x 150 mm Overvoltages CAT III 300 V Pollution degree 2 Automatic switching between generator and load mode according to input voltage Transmitter T10K in Generator Mode DC AC voltage lt 30 V or no voltage present on line Operating frequency 10 6 KHz modulated with 4 Hz Maximum open circuit voltage 6Vr m s Maximum short circuit current 20 mA r m s Transmitter T10K in Load Mode system voltage necessary for transmitting 30 V 264 V a c system frequency 45 Hz 65 Hz Operating frequency 10 6 KHz modulated with 4 Hz Maximum average injected current 1Ar m s 4 2 Receiver R10K Battery 1 x 6LR61 size 9 V Low battery indicator Built in Operating temperature 0 C 40 C Storage temperature 30 C 60 C Weight 140 g Housing ABS plastics Dimensions 45 mm x 45 mm x 210 mm Built in mechanical switch to select between capacitive and inductive mode Sensor Built in capacitive sensor for electric field tracing and inductive sensor for magnetic field tracing Selectivity Input band pass filter 10 6 KHz Indicators Audio piezoelectric speaker 70 dB Visual 10 level LED bargraph style indicator Sensitivity LOW MIDDLE HIGH sensitivity keys potentiometer for fine adjustment of signal gain 21 Line Tracer 5 Meintenance 5 1 Battery Replacement for Transmitter T10K AN Disconnect all test leads before opening the battery cover Unscrew all four screws at the bottom of
16. ns good sensitivity is required especially when the searched conductor is located far away Contrary to this the minimum sensitivity is required for selection of a searched conductor in a group of similar conductors The sensitivity will be in between for finding appropriate protective device fuse or conductors in the proximity The basis for all tracing of this kind is that the traced object is electrically conductive Current loops and electromagnetic field Magnetic field is always present around current carrying conductors Basic circuit magnetic field H is distributed around conductor current 1 is limited to internal source capability INDuctive sensor Is applicable for tracing Free conductor a Metallic loops current is transformed with a clamp transformer CT n times to n l always the shortest path e g 1 carry maximum current and is traceable INDuctive sensor is applicable for tracing Single wall socket connection Two wall sockets with different conduits to the point of common coupling active load source ALS generates current major part of magnetic field H is concentrated in a gap between conductors rest of the field depends on wire distance INDuctive sensor is applicable for tracing up to a few cm distance active load source ALS generates current magnetic field is distributed around each of current carrying conductors INDuctive sensor is applicable for tracing Line Tracer
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