Hazmap 3.0 Arnau Folch, Antonio Costa and Giovanni Macedonio
Contents
1. COMPACTATION_FACTOR 0 7 CONTOUR_LEVELS 0 1 1 5 50 100 500 Only used if OUTPUTFILES_IN_PS_FORMAT YES e OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT Possibilities are YES or NO If YES MODELPOSTP plots files in PS format e MAP_TOTAL_LOAD Possibilities are YES or NO If YES MoDELPOSTP plots the total ground load e UNITS Units of MAP_TOTAL_LOAD It must be KG M2 e CONTOUR_LEVELS Values of the contour levels for MAP_TOTAL_LOAD Only used when OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT is YES e MAP_CLASS_LOAD Possibilities are YES or NO If YES MopELPOSTP plots the class ground load e UNITS Units of MAP_CLASS_LOAD Tt must be KG M2 e CONTOUR_LEVELS Values of the contour levels for MAP_CLASS_LOAD Only used when OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT is YES e MAP_DEPOSIT_THICKNESS Possibilities are YES or NO If YES MODELPOSTP plots total deposit thickness e UNITS Units of MAP_DEPOSIT_THICKNESS Possibilities are MM for mm CM for cm and M for m e COMPACTATION_FACTOR Deposit compactation factor e CONTOUR_LEVELS Values of the contour levels for MAP_DEPOSIT_THICKNESS Only used when OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT is YES HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 14 6 References Arastoopour H Wang C Weil S 1982 Particle particle interaction force in a dilute gassolid system Chemical Engineering Science 37 1379 1386 Bursik M 2001 Effect of wind on the rise height of volcanic plumes Geophys Res Lett 18 3621 3624 Dellino P D M2. Variables below are used only if SOURCE_TYPE SUZUKI One value for each source time interval 5 5 PLUME_SOURCE EXIT_VELOCIY_ MS 100 EXIT_TEMPERATURE_ K 1073 EXIT_VOLATILE_FRACTION_ IN O One value for each source time interval Variables below are used only if SOURCE_TYPE PLUME 4 4 One value for each source time interval 5 3 The program MODELPOSTP The program MODELPOSTP alias for Model Postprocess is an optional utility that reads the output binary file of HAZMAP 3 0 calculates some relevant quantities at selected time instants and produces elementary maps in GRD and PS formats 5 3 1 Program execution To run MODELPOSTP see section 2 1 for installation details simply type ModelPostp exe FileLog FileInp FileRes BASERES on a Unix Linux Mac X OS or ModelPostp win exe FileLog FileInp FileRes BASERES on a Windows OS where e FileLog Name including path of the MODELPOSTP output log file e FileInp Name including path of the control input file that contains the POSTPROCESS_MODELS block Normally this file coincides with the HAZMAP 3 0 input file e FileRes Name including path of the HAZMAP 3 0 results file This is the output from HAZMAP 3 0 that is used by as input e BASERES Path where the MODELPOSTP output files are dump Note that filenames are passed as a program call argument It is highly recomended to launch MODEL PosTP through the script files included
3. e FileLog Name including path of the SETGRN output log file e FileInp Name including path of the control input file that contains the GRANULOMETRY block Normally this file coincides with the HAZMAP 3 0 input file e FileGrn Name including path of the granulometry file This is the output from SETGRN that is used later by HAZMAP 3 0 as input Note that filenames are passed as a program call argument It is highly recomended to launch SETGRN through the script files included in the distribution e On a Windows OS go to the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetGrn edit the script Script SetGrn Windows to change the problemname variable and launch the script e On a Mac X Unix Linux OS enter the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetGrn edit the script Script SetGrn Unix to change the problemname variable and launch the script HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 10 Table 6 Sample of the SETGRN input file Normally this block is appended at the end of the HAZMAP 3 0 input file GRANULOMETRY NUMBER_OF_CLASSES 12 DISTRIBUTION GAUSSIAN FIMIN 0 FIMAX 5 GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION FI_MEAN 2 5 FIDISP 1 5 LINEAR DISTRIBUTION FI_SLOPE 0 5 MINIMUM_DENSITY 1080 3 MAXIMUM _DENSITY 2300 5 5 1 2 The GRANULOMETRY block This block of data see Table 6 defines the variables needed by SETGRN Commonly this block is appended to the HAZMAP 3 0 control input file The meaning of each record is the following e NUMBER_OF_CL
4. 3 0 source file is an ASCII file containing the definition of the source term The source is defined at time intervals during which source values are kept constant The number position and values i e Mass Flow Rate of the source points can however vary from one time slice to another There is no restriction on the number and duration of the time intervals It allows in practise to discretize any type of source term This file can be created by the utility program SETSRC The file format is described in Table 3 and the meaning of the used symbols is the following e itimel Starting time in sec after OOUTC of the time slice e itime2 End time in sec after OOUTC of the time slice e nsrc Number of source points can vary from one interval to another e nc Number of granulometric classes e MFR Mass flow rate in kg s e x x coordinate of the source isrc UTM coordinates in m e y y coordinate of the source isrc UTM coordinates in m e z z coordinate of the source isrc terrain following coordinates in m i e above the vent e src Mass flow rate in kg s of each granulometric class for this point source It must be verified that Y src isre ic MFR 3 3 The granulometry file FileGrn The HAZMAP 3 0 granulometry file is an ASCII file containing particle densities and granulometric distribution This file can be created by the utility program SETGRN The file format is described in Table 4 and the meaning of the us
5. ae ed een e 12 5 3 2 The POSTPROCESS MODELS block naaa a 12 6 References 14 HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 3 1 Introduction HAZMAP 3 0 is a FORTRANO9O code for the solution of the equation of diffusion transport and sedi mentation of small particles in order to model the dispersion of ash generated by a convective column Under the approximations of a constant horizontally uniform wind field and negligible vertical advection and diffusion this equation reduces to dC OC OC si O V C K So Oy Oz Z e uy PC a gt 5 1 Ox Oy where C is the concentration of the particle velocity class j having a settling velocity Vj u uz Uy is the wind velocity K is the constant horizontal turbulent diffusion coefficient and S is the source term Since the above expression is linear in mass an instantaneous release of the total mass from the eruption column can be assumed if wind and diffusion parameters do not change significantly with time and only the final deposit is needed This quasi steady approach is assumed to hold during each simulation time interval Considering these approximations the above equation has a semi analytical solution as described in Macedonio et al 2005 The computational domain is split into thin horizontal layers that fall to the ground together with the particles originally contained in a given initial vertical interval z 2 1 at time t 0 An analytical solution is then found fo
6. in the distribution e Ona Windows OS go to the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities ModelPostp edit the script Script ModelPostp Windows to change the problemname variable and launch the script e On a Mac X Unix Linux OS enter the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities ModelPostp edit the script Script ModelPostp Unix to change the problemname variable and launch the script 5 3 2 The POSTPROCESS MODELS block This block of data see Table 8 defines the variables needed by MoDELPOSTP Commonly this block is appended to the HAZMAP 3 0 control input file The meaning of each record is the following e OUTPUT_FILES_IN_GRD_FORMAT Possibilities are YES or NO If YES MoDELPOSTP plots files in GRD format Files in GRD format can be readed directly by several plotting programs like the commercial software GRAPHER Alternativelly the user may also generate its own plots using functons from several free packages e g gnuplot in FORTRAN HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 13 Table 8 Sample of the MODELPOSTP input file Normally this block is appended at the end of the HAZMAP 3 0 input file POSTPROCESS_MODELS OUTPUT_FILES_IN_GRD_FORMAT YES OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT NO MAP_TOTAL_LOAD YES UNITS KG M2 CONTOUR_LEVELS 0 1 0 25 0 5 1 5 Only used if OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT YES MAP_CLASS_LOAD NO UNITS KG M2 CONTOUR_LEVELS 0 1 0 25 0 5 1 5 A Only used if OUTPUT_FILES_IN_PS_FORMAT YES MAP_DEPOSIT_THICKNESS NO UNITS MM
7. AP 3 0 USER MANUAL 4 e DELLINO Dellino et al 2005 _ 1 2065 0 5206 dpa V 4 pp Pa Pat p where p is the air viscosity and W is the shape factor sphericity to circularity ratio 2 Program setup 2 1 Installation e Ona Windows OS download and decompress the file hazmap 3 0 tar gzon your selected directory The hazmap 3 0 tar file already contains Windows executables for HAZMAP 3 0 and other utility programs so that it is not strictly necessary to have a FORTRAN90 compiler The untaring of hazmap 3 0 tar will create the folders described in the Table 1 e On a Unix Linux Mac X operating system 1 Decompress and then untar the file hazmap 3 0 tar issuing the command tar xvf hazmap 3 0 tar This will generate directory Hazmap 3 0 see Table 1 Compile the program HAZMAP 3 0 Enter the directory Hazmap 3 0 Sources then issue the command make to produce the executable Hazmap exe You can edit the Makefile to select your favourite compiler After compilation you may issue the command make clean to remove unneeded files If you are not going to run on a Windows platform you can also delete the executable Hazmap win exe Compile the optional utility program SETGRN Enter the directory Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetGrn Sources then issue the command make to produce the executable SerGrn exe You can edit the Makefile to select your favourite compiler After compilation you may issue the comm
8. ASSES Number of granulometric classes e DISTRIBUTION Type of distribution It can be LINEAR or GAUSSIAN e FIMIN Minimum value of 9 e FI_MAX Maximum value of e FI_MEAN Mean value of Only used if DISTRIBUTION GAUSSIAN e FI_DISP Value of o in the Gaussian distribution Only used if DISTRIBUTION GAUSSIAN e FI_SLOPE Slope of the linear distribution Only used if DISTRIBUTION LINEAR e MINIMUMDENSITY Minimium value of density in kg m and associated value of For values of lower than this value larger particles density is assumed to be constant and equal to the minimum value e MAXIMUMDENSITY Maximum value of density in kg m and associated value of For values of 9 larger than this value smaller particles density is assumed to be constant and equal to the maximum value 5 2 The program SETSRC The distribution of sources is defined in a source file see section 3 2 The program SETSRC is an utility that reads the SOURCE block from the control input file and generates a source file The source term is constant for a given time interval but there is no limit on the number and duration of the time intervals It allows in practise to discretize any kind of time dependency time dependent mass flow rate column height etc The program admits three possibilities point source mass is released in a single source point Suzuki distribution Suzuki 1983 Pfeiffer et al 2005 and buoyant plume mod
9. AZMAP 3 0 as input e FileGrn Name including path of the granulometry file normally generated previously by SET GRN e FileMet Name including path of the meteo data file see section 3 4 e MODEL Flag indicating the name of the model For HAZMAP 3 0 it is always HAZMAP e MESH Flag that indicates if the discrete source points must be interpolated onto a mesh For HAZMAP 3 0 it is always NO Note that filenames are passed as a program call argument It is highly recomended to launch SETSRC through the script files included in the distribution e Ona Windows OS go to the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetSrc edit the script Script SetSrc Windows to change the problemname variable and launch the script e On a Mac X Unix Linux OS enter the folder Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetSrc edit the script Script SetSrc Unix to change the problemname variable and launch the script 5 2 2 The SOURCE block This block of data see Table 7 defines the variables needed by SETSRC Commonly this block is appended to the HAZMAP 3 0 control input file The meaning of each record is the following X_VENT_ UTM_M x coordinate of the vent UTM coordinates in m e Y_VENT_ UTMM y coordinate of the vent UTM coordinates in m e MASS_FLOW_RATE_ KGS Values of the mass flow rate in kg s One value for each time interval The duration of each time interval is constant and given by RUN_START_ HOURS_AFTER_00 minus RUN_END_ HO
10. HAZMAP 3 0 Computer Code and Related Documentation Arnau Folch Antonio Costa and Giovanni Macedonio Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 326 80124 Napoli Italy June 2007 HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 2 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Program setup 4 2l Installation ic a A A A AA Di 4 2 2 Holder structure 4 tote fot ii a PRLS ea ele la 4 2 3 Propran tuin 0 3 EE e E a oe eee ek 4 3 The HAZMAP 3 0 input files 6 3 1 The control file FileInp soi ma paia a A ee A 6 3 1 1 BEOCK TIMEJTCO acri hac e hb bible Obese ati 6 31 2 BLOCK GRID gt ta bo go BE ce We ee ee ae id A Hi 6 3 1 3 BLOCK HAAMAP rota s alla fi Boe ee Boh yen Gn pe See ee AAS 6 32 The source file Pil Sre certero LI A We ede doh E 7 3 3 The granulometry fileFileGrn o 7 3 4 The meteo data file FileMet e 8 4 The HAZMAP 3 0 output files 9 4 1 The list file Fil Lsto La 26 i e e ae ee EE ee a 9 42 The r sultsfile FileRes sli lidia a DE EU A le ea ee ks 9 5 The utility programs 9 Bil The program SETGRN siluri me h di a ae ee ea 9 9 1 1 Program execution s i e de se a A De us 9 5 1 2 The GRANULOMETRY block 10 5 2 The program SETSRO ci sean e Lo A e Sl ie e a e e a a 10 Didi Program execution ss a at r AA a E Ra 11 5 2 2 The SOURCE block s sma s buanaat a ere e e a ee BES 11 5 3 The program MODELPOSTP ee 12 gal Propiram eXeGution bh sv i ar a
11. URS_AFTER_00 divided by the number of time intervals automatically computed by the program from the number of values e SOURCE_TYPE Type of source distribution Possibilities are POINT SUZUKI or PLUME e HEIGHT_ABOVE_VENT_ M Height of the source in m above the vent One value for each time interval e A Parameter A in the Suzuki distribution One value for each time interval Used only if SOURCE_TYPE SUZUKI e L Parameter L in the Suzuki distribution One value for each time interval Used only if SOURCE_TYPE SUZUKI e EXIT_VELOCIY_ MS Magma exit velocity in m s at the vent One value for each time interval Used only if SOURCE_TYPE PLUME e EXIT_TEMPERATURE_ K Magma exit temperature in K at the vent One value for each time interval Used only if SOURCE_TYPE PLUME e EXIT_VOLATILE FRACTION_ IN Magma volatile mass fraction at the vent One value for each time interval Used only if SOURCE_TYPE PLUME HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 12 Table 7 Sample of the SETSRC input file Normally this block is appended at the end of the HAZMAP 3 0 input file In this example a Suzuki source and two time intervals are assumed SOURCE X_VENT_ UTM_M 500080 Y_VENT_ UTM_M 4177690 MASS_FLOW_RATE_ KGS 5d4 7d4 One value for each source time interval SOURCE_TYPE SUZUKI POINT_SOURCE Variables below are used only if SOURCE_TYPE POINT HEIGHT_ABOVE_VENT_ M 2000 SUZUKI_SOURCE HEIGHT_ABOVE_VENT_ M 3000 3500
12. and make clean to remove unneeded files If you are not going to run on a Windows platform you can also delete the executable SetGrn win exe Compile the optional utility program SETSRc Enter the directory Hazmap 3 0 Utilities SetSrc Sources then issue the command make to produce the executable SerSrc exe You can edit the Makefile to select your favourite compiler After compilation you may issue the command make clean to remove unneeded files If you are not going to run on a Windows platform you can also delete the executable SetSrc win exe Compile the optional utility program MODELPOSTP Enter the directory Hazmap 3 0 Utilities ModelPostp Sources then issue the command make to produce the executable ModelPostp exe You can edit the Makefile to select your favourite compiler After compilation you may issue the command make clean to remove unneeded files If you are not going to run on a Windows platform you can also delete the executable Model Postp win exe 2 2 Folder structure Table 1 shows the folder structure The directory Hazmap 3 0 Sources contains the HAZMAP 3 0 source files the directory Hazmap 3 0 Utilities contains the programs SETGRN SETSRC and MODELPOSTP and finally the directory Hazmap 3 0 Runs contains the runs one within each own folder An example run named Example is provided with the installation 2 3 Program run HAZMAP 3 0 can be launched typing Hazmap exe FileInp F
13. e z layers in terrain following coordinates i e above the vent It is not necessary to specify the number of vertical layers since it is automatically calculated by the program ZVENT_ M Height in m a s 1 of the vent TERMINAL_VELOCITY_MODEL Type of terminal settling velocity model Possibilities are ARASTOOPOUR Arastoopour et al 1982 GANSER Ganser 1993 WILSON Wilson and Wang 1979 and DELLINO Dellino et al 2005 TERMINAL_VELOCITY_MODEL_FACTOR Model dependent factor For ARASTOOPOUR it is not used For GANSER it is the sphericity y see 5 For WILSON it is the aspect ratio see 7 Finally for DELLINO it is the shape factor Y see 8 HORIZONTAL DIFFUSION_COEFFICIENT_ M2 S Value of the diffusion coefficient K in m s POSTPROCESS_TIME_INTERVAL_ HOURS Time interval to output results in h HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 7 Table 2 Sample of the input control file FileInp TIME_UTC YEAR 2007 MONTH 03 DAY 01 RUN_START_ HOURS_AFTER_00 RUN_END_ HOURS_AFTER_00 0 3 GRID X_ORIGIN_ UTM_M 450000 Y_ORIGIN_ UTM_M 4125000 CELL_SIZE_ KM 2 0 NX 51 NY 51 HAZMAP Z_LAYER_ M O 10 50 100 200 400 600 800 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 ZVENT_ M 3030 TERMINAL_VELOCITY MODEL Ganser TERMINAL_VELOCITY MODEL_FACTOR 1 0 HORIZONTAL_DIFFUSION_COEFFICIENT_ M2 S 1000 POSTPROCESS_TIME_INTERVAL_ HOURS 3 3 2 The source file FileSrc The HAZMAP
14. ed symbols is the following HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 8 Table 3 Format of the source file FileSrc Repeat thes block for each time slice itimel itime2 nsrc nc MFR x y z src 1 1 sre 1 nc x y z src nsrc l src nsrc nc Table 4 Format of the granulometry file FileGrn nc diam 1 rho 1 fe 1 atlas rho nc fe nc e nc Number of granulometric classes e diam Class diameter in mm e rho Class density in kg m e fc Class mass fraction 0 1 If must verify that fe 1 3 4 The meteo data file FileMet The HAZMAP 3 0 meteo data file is an ASCII file containing wind velocities and air temperatures at different heights and for each time slice The vertical layers at which meteo data is provided can be different in number and location from the HAZAMP z layers defined in the record Z_LAYER_ M of the control input file The program automatically interpolates data from the formers to the latters The file format is described in Table 5 and the meaning of the used symbols is the following e itimel Starting time in sec after O0UTC of the time slice e itime2 End time in sec after OOUTC of the time slice e nz Number of z layers at which meteo data is provided e z z coordinate of the layer terrain following coordinates in m e ux z component of the wind velocity in m s e uy y component of the wind velocity in m s e T Temperature in C HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 9 Table 5 Format of
15. el Bursik 2001 The last option is more elaborated and involves the solution of the 1D radial averaged plume governing equations that describe the convective region of an eruptive column These equations are intimately coupled with the wind field which for small to medium size plumes may induce a substantial plume bent over and subsequent variations of plume height and mass release location For this reason when this option switched on the program reads the values of the wind field from a meteorological file computes the averaged wind direction and solves the plume governing equations for each time interval and particle class accounting for wind Note that it introduces a time dependence in the source term even when all the eruptive parameters mass flow rate class fraction etc are kept constant in time HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 11 5 2 1 Program execution To run SETSRC see section 2 1 for installation details simply type SetSrc exe FileLog FileInp FileSrc FileGrn FileMet MODEL MESH on a Unix Linux Mac X OS or SetSrc win exe FileLog FileInp FileSrc FileGrn FileMet MODEL MESH on a Windows OS where e FileLog Name including path of the SETSRC output log file e FileInp Name including path of the control input file that contains the SOURCE block Nor mally this file coincides with the HAZMAP 3 0 input file e FileSrc Name including path of the source file This is the output from SETSRC that is used later by H
16. ele R Bonasia G Braia L La Volpe R Sulpizio 2005 The analysis of the influence of pumice shape on its terminal velocity Geophys Res Lett 32 L21306 Ganser G 1993 A rational approachto drag prediction spherical and nonspherical particles Powder Technology 77 143 152 Macedonio G Costa A Longo A 2005 A computer model for volcanic ash fallout and assessment of subsequent hazard Computer and Geosciences 31 837 845 Pfeiffer T Costa A Macedonio G 2005 A model for the numerical simulation of tephra fall deposits J Volcanol Geotherm Res 140 273 294 Wilson L and T C Huang 1979 The influence of shape on the atmospheric settling velocity of volcanic ash particles Earth Planet Sci Lett 44 311 324 Suzuki T 1983 A theoretical model for dispersion of tephra In D Shimozuru I Yokoyama Eds Arc Volcanism Physics and Tectonics Terra Scientific Publishing Company TERRAPUB Tokyo
17. he problemname variable HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 6 3 The HAZMAP 3 0 input files 3 1 The control file FileInp The HAZMAP 3 0 control file is passed to the program as a call argument This file is made up with a set of blocks that define all the computational and physical parameters needed by the dispersion model Ta ble 2 shows an example of control file Parameters within a block are listed one per record in arbitrary order and can optionally be followed by one or more blank spaces and a comment A detailed description of each record is given below Real numbers can be expressed following the FORTRAN notation e g 12e7 12 x 107 3 1 1 BLOCK TIME_UTC This block of data defines variables related to time e YEAR Current year e MONTH Current month 1 12 e DAY Current day 1 31 e RUN_START_ HOURS_AFTER_00 Run start hour after 0000UTC e RUN_END_ HOURS_AFTER_00 Run end hour after 0000UTC 3 1 2 BLOCK GRID This block of data defines variables related to the grid at ground e X_ORIGIN_ UTMM x coordinate of the grid bottom left corner UTM coordinates in m e Y_ORIGIN_ UTM_M y coordinate of the grid bottom left corner UTM coordinates in m e CELL_SIZE_ KM Grid spacing in km e NX Number of grid cells along the x direction e NY Number of grid cells along the y direction 3 13 BLOCK HAZMAP This block of data defines the rest of variables needed by the program e ZLAYER_ M Heights in m of th
18. ileSrc FileGrn FileMet FileLst FileRes on a Unix Linux Mac X OS or Hazmap win exe FileInp FileSrc FileGrn FileMet FileLst FileRes on a Windows OS where e FileInp Name including path of the control input file see section 3 1 HAZMAP 3 0 USER MANUAL 5 Table 1 Default directory structure hazmap 3 0 Sources 7 Utilities ModelPostp ModelPostp Runs e FileSrc Name including path of the source input file see section 3 2 e FileGrn Name including path of the granulometry input file see section 3 3 e FileLst Name including path of the output list file see section 4 1 e FileMet Name including path of the meteo data input file see section 3 4 e FileInp Name including path of the HAZMAP 3 0 results file see section 4 2 Note that filenames and locations are passed as a program call argument It is highly recomended to launch HAZMAP 3 0 through the script files included in the distribution e On a Windows OS enter the folder Hazmap 3 0 edit the script Script Hazmap Win bat to change the problemname variable and launch the script e On a Mac X Unix Linux OS enter the folder Hazmap 3 0 edit the script Script Hazmap Unix to change the problemname variable and launch the script NOTE To create a new run you can simply create a new folder copy the control input file of the example Example inp and modifiy the script line which defines t
19. r each layer Since the whole treatment is done separately for each class of particles and no vertical diffusion and wind advection takes place all particles falling from the same initial height remain at all times at the same altitude While the centre of each cloud is translated by wind the cloud spreads horizontally due to diffusion and settles by gravity until it reaches the ground where it forms the deposit The model outputs therefore accumulations on the ground for each granulometric class For further details see Macedonio et al 2005 and Pfeiffer et al 2005 Settling velocity fits contemplated by HAZMAP 3 0 include Agdpp V 2 3CaPa 24 Re lt 10 Ca lt Re 1 15Re0687 3 0 44 Re gt 103 e ARASTOOPOUR Arastoopour et al 1982 where pa and pp stand respectivelly for the air and particle densities d is the particle diameter Re is the Reynolds number and C4 is a drag coefficient Agdpp V 4 3CaPa e GANSER Ganser 1993 24 neue 0 4305 K Ca Boe fi 0 1118 Re K1 K2 de DAR Rek Ko 5 ky 3 1 24795 Ko 191 84148 Logy 748 where w is the particle sphericity 1 for spherical particles Agdpp 6 3CaPa e WILSON Wilson and Wang 1979 24 me 2 1 07 Re lt 10 e n La 100 Ca y Le C4Re 100 26 _ 1000 1 10 lt Re lt 10 de 1 Re gt 10 where is the aspect ratio b c 2a a b c ellipsoidal semi axes HAZM
20. the meteo file FileMet Repeat this block for each time slice itimel itime2 nz z 1 ux 1 uy 1 T 1 nz ux nz uy nz T nz 4 The HAZMAP 3 0 output files 4 1 The list file FileLst This file contains information concerning the run summary of input data run time error messages CPU time etc 4 2 The results file FileRes This is a binary file with the results from a HAZMAP 3 0 run Results are output at the nodes of a regular 2d grid This file must be processed by the MODELPOSTP utility to produce human readeable files normally in GRD format 5 The utility programs 5 1 The program SETGRN The granulometric distribution is defined in the granulometry file see section 3 3 The program SET GRN is an utility that reads the GRANULOMETRY block from the control input file and generates the granulometry file assuming that the mass fraction of particles follows either a linear or Gaussian distribution in and that the density of particles varies linearly with Note that other granulometric distributions different from a linear Gaussian can also be considered However in this case the HAZMAP 3 0 granulometry file can not be generated by SETGRN but must be supplied directly by the user 5 1 1 Program execution To run SETGRN see section 2 1 for installation details simply type SetGrn exe FileLog FileInp FileGrn on a Unix Linux Mac X OS or SetGrn win exe FileLog FileInp FileGrn on a Windows OS where
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