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Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase User Manual

1. pluginoptsconfig setgpscaldelay setgpsdynmode setgpsrefpos settfomflilvl a Be hun are RM NUE nalen Ba a nt L An SEE TEN 0 tfomfltlvl DST D A L ea eae I D A nt Me 45 45 upgradekernel 46 RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions Y updaterootflag upgradegps
2. gsyspasswd gsysrootfs gsysstat gsystimemode gsysversion A O alam A A A II E A ee A O Y iieii e RE LY 42 MODO SR H ntpconfig see stl oS eek ose et ie lh ater Sa Y 43 43 AA A AN a a 44 44 44 O O pluginopts
3. Meridian User Manual Chapter Five Setting Up the NTP Server 49 Configuring the Network Time Protocol 49 Configuring NTP Using the Front Panel Keypad 49 Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port 49 Configuring the Meridian as a Stratum 2 Server 52 Chapter Six Optional Rear Panel Outputs 53 A ee 53 Programmable TTL Output 53 Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS 54 Fixed Rate TTL Output 10 MPPS etc oes tank nn none la 54 1 PPS RS 422 Output o on es sin De ie LR di 54 Serial Time Diputada 04 een ee 54 Sysplex Format sue A ne AR NT es Rene al ET en et Ce 54 Truetime Format za ee a rar de nan AA de tre one Lace Tee 55 EndRun Format oi AA LE A du na re e 55 EndRunX Extended Format ss 56 NEN Faith ae O avandia 56 NMEA oa ne be Sn A Anne 57 Alarm Output ir da marne anal nk ae R ee EON 61 Plug In Module Options 2 tee sa nr nude 61 Programmable Digital Buffer Module
4. 19 Invocation of the SNMP daemon 80 Quick Start Configuration SNMPVI v2c 80 Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation 8 Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs 8 Configuration of SNMPv3 disse ea 8 Appendix D Security ses in A 85 Linux Operating System a see iu 85 OpenSSH A A ae ie ehr 86 Network Time Protocol cias ss 87 Appendix E Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms 89 Basic NTP Client Setup 2 54 e e ta ean meena anne engen 90 Configure NIP zu en re ma en a 90 MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup 90 Create the nip keys File steeri seeds A Hale bhai data sale 91 Configure NTP 2 iS A en AS AAA 91 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup 92 Configure NIP secs sci ads Goda areas 92 Meridian User Manual Appendix F Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP 95 Basic NTP Client Setup A Hid Sete Vina tees Tate eases 96 Configure NTP 52 32 2 a nel cae A OVA de RR a res a es MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup 97 Creaie the nip k ys File 2348 era ls el 97 Configure NIP 2 an a nn ieee dia A A 97 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup
5. gpscaldelay gpsdynmode gpsrefpos gpsstat gpstrkstat Meridian User Manual 38 39 39 39 39 39 40 postmoderno al 4 MIS ER es ee Ea sa est San clas tence Goa A A gpsversion gsyshwaddr gsysosctype
6. 98 Configure NTP 252424475450 Roanne ne nee doi A ed ee a De rd 99 Appendix G Timecode Formats 101 PILE DPI is e ee er D tes Sates 101 R RDS ee ee ee nie 101 IRIG B120 000 IEEE Standard 1344 1995 101 A I 101 ME o a et sella 101 IEEE 1344 Definition ri dan 102 Appendix H IPv6 Information 103 Enabling New IPv6 Capabilities 103 o arta EEE 103 NEE SAMP ae aes a a Re 103 IPv6 Capable syslog ng 2 0 ccc ccc ee ee eee ee eee ee ee ence ee eee eens 104 IPv4 Only Protocols 4 it in he died 104 Appendix I Third Party Software 105 GNU General Public License 105 NTP Software Lens unsere 110 Appendix J Precision Time Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 111 A tat a a tnd a lutte ee ns bladed 111 Configuration and alista 111 Configuration and Status Using the Front Panel Keypad 111 Configuring PTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port 112 PTP Status Using the Network Interface or Serial Port 113 Meridian User Manual Operation AA A LE TE aloes arava A AS AAA RENT 114 About the PTP Second and UTC Time
7. 114 PIP Software License xs 2 ann a mine A 115 Appendix K Specifications 117 Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements 127 Meridian User Manual EndRun A SE TECHNOLOGIES Main Features ChapterOne Introduction The Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase is a high performance full featured system that provides highly precise time and frequency outputs The modular design allows for easy field installed upgrades that can satisfy virtually any time and frequency requirement Advanced packaging tech niques coupled with compact card design allow for the installation of up to five option boards in a single 1U chassis Utilizing a Global Positioning System GPS receiver with advanced timing algorithms the Merid ian TimeBase can support operation on static or dynamic platforms Proprietary adaptive 3rd order frequency control and TRAIM algorithms maximize the stability and reliability of the output signals variety of top quality quartz and rubidium oscillators are available to handle the full range of hold over phase noise and short term stability requirements The Meridian TimeBase utilizes the GPS transmissions to precisely synchronize itself to Universal Coordinated Time UTC to the 100 nanoseconds level of accuracy The frequency of the internal oscillator is disciplined to match the frequency of the UTC timescale to the low parts in 1 01 level
8. sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat lt dev arm_user You should see the GPS subsystem startup message now If not you may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPGA 6020 0005 000 v 0202 upgradekernel This script allows the user to change the Linux kernel firmware It requires one argument the path to the file to be uploaded to the Meridian Changing the Linux kernel firmware will enable IPv6 operation and should only be done if you have a requirement for IPv6 See Appendix H IPv6 In formation and Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set upgradekernel tmp newkernelimage Meridian response Interactive shell script is started 46 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions The RS 232 DB9M connector on the rear panel of the Meridian is wired as shown below In order to connect the Meridian to another computer a null modem adapter must be used The serial cable provided with the shipment is wired as a null modem adapter and can be used to connect the Merid ian to your computer 47 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR 48 Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO A TECHNOLOGIES Configuring the Network Time Protocol ChapterFive Setting Up the NTP Server This cha
9. After about one minute you should query the GPS firmware version using the command gpsversion The upgraded version information should be displayed Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure during upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the GPS engine bootloader program will remain intact On boot up it will check to see if a valid ap plication program is in the FLASH memory If there is not it will immediately go into the waiting for download mode You may verify this by issuing this command cat lt dev arm_user You should now see the C character being received every three seconds This is the character that the GPS engine bootloader sends to indicate to the XMODEM utility that it is wating for a download You may now re try the upload procedure assuming that you have corrected any original problem with the binary file First kill the cat command by typing CTRL C You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin 17 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX B Recover Command Sometimes a user will attempt to download the wrong file to the GPS Subsystem When this happens the recovery method above will not work After issuing the cat command above you will not see a series of C characters but instead you will see the bootloader message
10. These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily us
11. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Verify Network Configuration If you have made changes to your network configuration using netconfig you should shutdown the Meridian and re boot it There are two ways to do this 1 Cycle power to the Meridian 2 Issue the shutdown with re boot command at the shell prompt Meridian GPS root gsys gt shutdown r now If you are using the RS 232 serial I O port to communicate with the Meridian you will be able to see the kernel generated boot messages when the unit re boots You should note the line Configuring eth0 as 192 168 1 245 if you have set up a static IP address or this line Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server if you are using DHCP It appears near the end of the kernel generated boot messages If you are using DHCP and are not using the RS 232 serial I O port you will have to check the DHCP configuration information maintained by your DHCP server to determine the expected IP address and log in to the Meridian using telnet or ssh to verify successful DHCP configuration Refer to the 15 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER TWO subsequent topics in this section Using Telnet and Using SSH for details on logging in to the Merid ian that way Once you have logged in you may perform the following checks If you are not using DHCP the IP add
12. Change the working directory to the tmp directory cd tmp If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to the working directory tmp The GPS subsystem image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual root file system image that you are installing for 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using ssh you may open another command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the GPS subsystem image to the mp directory using sep from the remote computer A com mand like this could be used scp p 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin root gsys your domain tmp Now issue the following command to the Meridian console to initiate the upload upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin This command is a script that performs the file transfer to the GPS engine It first tells the GPS en gine to enter the waiting for download mode and then prompts you with this line When you see the C character hit lt enter gt to begin the upload Then it echos the serial port characters sent by the GPS engine to the console You should next see this message from the GPS en
13. GSA GPS DOP and Active Satellites The GSA sentence identifies the GPS position fix mode the Satellite Vehicles SVs used for navi gation and the Dilution of Precision DOP values DOP is an indication of the effect of satellite geometry on the accuracy of the fix An example is below GPGSA A 1 vard raia i 1E lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGSA A 3 18 3 22 6 9 14 19 32 2 0 1 2 1 6 10 lt CR gt lt LF gt Msg ID GPGSA Field 1 A Fixed text A shows auto selection of 2D or 3D fix Field 2 3 Fix type 1 fix not available 2 2D fix 3 3D fix Field 3 18 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 1 empty if no SV Field 4 3 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 2 empty if no SV Field 5 22 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 3 empty if no SV Field 6 6 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 4 empty if no SV Field 7 9 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 5 empty if no SV Field 8 14 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 6 empty if no SV Field 9 19 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 7 empty if no SV Field 10 32 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 8 empty if no SV Field 11 empty field PRN Field 12 empty field PRN Field 13 empty field PRN Field 14 empty field PRN Field 15 2 0 PDOP position dilution of precision Field 16 1 1 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 17 1 6 VDOP vertical dilution of precision Checksum 10 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt RMC Recommended Minimum Specific GPS Data The RMC sentence identifies the UTC time of f
14. If you don t have a gateway just hit ENTER to continue Enter default gateway address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 241 NETMASK setting Set the netmask This will look something like this 255 255 255 0 Enter netmask aaa bbb ccc ddd 255 255 255 248 Calculating the BROADCAST and NETWORK addresses 14 Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Broadcast 192 168 1 247 Network 192 168 1 240 Your Meridian GPS s current IP address full hostname and base hostname 192 168 1 245 gsys your domain gsys DOMAIN NAMESERVER S address setting Will your Meridian GPS be accessing a nameserver yles n o y Set the IP address of the primary name server to use for domain your domain Enter primary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 1 Will your Meridian GPS be accessing a secondary nameserver yles nlo y Set the IP address of the secondary name server to use for domain your domain Enter secondary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 2 Setting up TCP IP Creating etc HOSTNAME Creating etc rc d rc inetl Creating etc networks Creating etc hosts Creating etc resolv conf kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Meridian GPS network configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect
15. Prints the GPS firmware and FPGA version information to the console gsyshwaddr Prints the ethernet hardware address if the ethernet has been configured gsysosctype Prints the installed oscillator type gsyspasswd gsysstat gsystimemode 32 Allows the root user to change the password for the two con figured users on the Meridian gsysuser and root This script calls the standard Linux passwd binary and then saves the resulting etc shadow file to the non volatile FLASH disk Prints the current root file system image either MeridianGPS_0 factory default or MeridianGPS_1 field upgrade which is running in the Meridian to the console Parses the output of ntpq c peers to obtain the system peer status of the NTP GPS reference clock It also retrieves the current reference clock polling status data and prints it to the console Prints the time mode settings in effect for the time code output the front panel display or the optional Serial Time Output Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS gsystimemodeconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the time mode settings for the time code output the front panel display or the optional Serial Time Output Allows setting to the LOCAL GPS or UTC timescale and if LOCAL the setting of the offset to UTC and the Daylight Savings Time DST start and stop date time parameters gsysversion Prints the Meridian application software version inf
16. This is the on time character A is the space character 0x20 WWW is the day of week MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT DD 1s the day of month 1 31 MMM is the month JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC YY 1s the two digit year i is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA8 lt CR gt lt LF gt Q YY YY DDD HH MM SS D ZZ lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character A is the space character 0x20 YYYY is the four digit year DDD is the day of year 001 366 f is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O ZZ or time zone offset relative to UTC 00 12 lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character Ox0A NMEA Format The National Marine Electronics Association NMEA has developed a specification that
17. shown here e You have installed NTP on your client computer 90 Meridian User Manual SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON UNIX LIKE PLATFORMS e You have successfully performed the Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create a file named ntp keys in the etc directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the etc directory of your Meridian You can telnet into your Meridian and start an ftp session with your client computer to send the Meridian s etc ntp keys file to your client computer use the secure copy utility sep or you can just use a text editor on your client computer to create an equiva lent file IMPORTANT Handling of the etc ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very impor tant that it is owned by root and not readable by anyone other than root After transferring the file by tp and placing it in the etc directory on the client computer issue these two commands at the shell prompt chown root root etc ntp keys chmod 600 etc ntp keys Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the etc directo ry Assuming that you have created two trusted keys as shown in the example in the previous chapter add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup so that authentication will be used with
18. 2 implies lt 100 ns 3 implies gt 100 ns and 255 is the unsynchronized state PPPPP is the PTP preferred master setting either True or False SDOM is the PTP subdomain one of DFLT ALT1 ALT2 or ALT3 II is the PTP sync update interval one of 1 2 8 16 or 64 in seconds LL is the PTP leap second setting one of 59 60 or 61 where 59 implies that the last minute of the current day will have 59 seconds leap second deletion and 61 implies that the last minute of the current day will have 61 seconds leap second insertion TMD is the PTP time epoch either PTP or UTC V is the PTP protocol version only version 1 is implemented 113 Meridian User Manual Operation APPENDIX J The Meridian is configured as an IEEE 1588 Grandmaster Clock Verify that the network settings have been configured and tested using netconfig Once the network has been configured the Me ridian will begin to transmit PTP Sync messages to the slave clocks The PTP sync message and status report from the Meridian is dependent on the status of the clock configuration including the oscillator type and GPS receiver subsystem The port_state will report either MASTER or PASSIVE MASTER is reported when the clock is locked to GPS and the best master clock algorithm BMC designates this clock as the MASTER The port_state will report PASSIVE if the clock has never locked to GPS or if the BMC designates this clock as anything other than the MASTER The identi
19. C Operating Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing Storage Temperature 40 to 85 C Optional DC Power 12 VDC 10 20 VDC 5A maximum 24 VDC 19 36 VDC 2 5A maximum 48 VDC 37 76 VDC 1 5A maximum 125 VDC 70 160 VDC 0 75A maximum 3 position terminal block on rear panel DC IN SAFETY GROUND DC IN Floating power input Either or can be connected to earth ground Optional Programmable TTL Pulse Rate Outputs on CPU Module See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Signal Positive TTL pulse 50Q on BNC jack Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS and Timecode Accuracy lt 10713 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Synthesized Rate 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1PPS steps with optional DDS Upgrade Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled PROG TTL Optional TTL Fixed Pulse Rate Output on CPU Module See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Signal Positive TTL pulse 50Q on BNC jack Rate Preset at factory and cannot be changed Accuracy lt 10713 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability See S
20. Fault Level This can be done through the front panel keypad display see Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display or through the console port see the sett fom 1t1v1 and tfomfltlvl com mands in Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands The factory default setting for the TFOM Fault Level is 9 The TFOM Fault Level setting only affects the point at which the loss of signal alarm is asserted It does not affect the point at which the NTP daemon will cease to use the timing information returned by the GPS subsystem in its polling event timestamps Only when the TFOM reaches 9 will the NTP 71 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX A daemon report in its replies to network NTP clients that it is running at stratum 16 and set the leap indicator bits to the fault state NTP clients will recognize that and cease to use the unsynchronized server 72 Meridian User Manual What You Need To Perform the Upgrade Performing the Linux NTP Upgrade EndRun DS EN TECHNOLOGIES AppendixB Upgrading the Firmware Periodically EndRun Technologies will make bug fixes and enhancements to our products available for download from our website All such downloads are freely available to our customers without charge After you have downloaded the appropriate FLASH binary image file from the EndRun Tech nologies website you are ready to perform the upgrade to your Meridian The firmware consists of two FLASH binary image files One of these is the fir
21. HH MM SS sssssssss is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by by the GPS engine from the NTP daemon reference clock driver LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing Query gsysstat Meridian response LOCKED TO GPS Offset 0 000024 TFOM 4 2001 092 06 03 10 904312858 13 gsystimemode This command displays the current time mode settings for the front panel display and the time code or optional Serial Time outputs Possible time modes are UTC GPS and LOCAL The displayed Local Time Offset from UTC and the DST Start Stop parameters are only valid when the Time Mode is LOCAL A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian and that local time is ahead of UTC Query gsystimemode Meridian response Time Mode LOCAL Local Time Offset from UTC 16 half hours list Hour 02 DST Start Month Last Hour 02 DST Stop Month Apr Sunday Oct Sunday 40 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS gsystimemodeconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow you to configure the time mode of the front panel display and the time code or optional Serial Time outputs Possible time modes are UTC GPS and LOCAL These settings have no effect on the operation ofthe NTP daemon or the underly ing Linux operating system time These ALWAYS
22. INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 109 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX I NTP Software License Information about the NTP Project led by Dr David Mills can be found at www ntp org The distribution and usage of the NTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files collectively called the Network Time Protocol Ver sion 4 Distribution Unless specifically declared otherwise in an individual file this notice applies as if the text was explicitly included in the file SEE ee se ee ee ee ee ae ee ee ee ae ee ee me a ke ee ae ee CI A a a ae ae ee a A ee ol ee a ole a e a Copyright c David L Mills 1992 2006 Permission to use copy modify and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation and that the name Universi
23. The command formats the data and prints this fixed length string having these fields Oscctrlstat LKSTAT COAST ESTERR MEASERR TIMEDEV AGERATE TAU DAC TEMP 42 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS Where LKSTAT is the GPS subsystem control status either acquiring locking or locked COAST is the number of seconds in coast mode unlocked ESTERR is the estimated time error when in coast mode in seconds MEASERR is the last measured time offset while locked in seconds TIMEDEV is the time deviation TDEV of measurements in seconds AGERATE is the regression computed oscillator ageing rate per day several hour delay before the first measurements are displayed TAU is the oscillator control loop averaging time constant in seconds DAC The oscillator control DAC value indicates the frequency control setting The system automatically sets this value to remove frequency errors Values may range from 0 to 1048575 Values close to the maximum minimum will set the DAC fault flag that will appear in the fault status display The Time Status display will also indicate a fault condition TEMP is the internal temperature in C for OCXO and Rubidium oscillators only Query oscctristat Meridian response oscctrlstat LKD 0 2 72e 09 2 72e 09 1 23e 09 0 00e 00 235 2 524332 999 999 pluginopts This command displays the current settings for the installed plug in option boards See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for m
24. This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of the optional Serial Time Output The user selectable outputs are the format Sysplex Truetime End Run EndRunX NENA and NMEA the baud rate 4800 9600 19200 57600 and the parity ODD EVEN or NONE The three NMEA sentences can also be changed but are applicable only if the Output Format is NMEA More information about the various formats is in Chapter 6 Rear Panel Output Options Set cpusertimeconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started eraserootfs 1 This command erases the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition in preparation for performing a Linux NTP subsystem firmware upgrade See Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set eraserootfs_1 Meridian response Erase progress as percent is shown gpscaldelay This command displays the current calibration delay setting The allowable calibration delay range is 500000 to 500000 nanoseconds Query gpscaldelay Meridian resposne 0 nanoseconds gpsdynmode This command displays the current GPS subsystem dynamic mode of operation It has two possible settings ON or OFF When it is ON it is assumed that the Meridian is installed on a moving plat form When it is OFF it is assumed that the Meridian is installed in a stationary location When the dynamic mode is OFF the Meridian will use its accurate reference position to implement Ti
25. of accuracy over 24 hour observation intervals The time and frequency outputs are coherent after initial GPS synchronization and synchronization is maintained via 20 bit DAC frequency control rather than phase stepping to provide excellent short term stability For more detailed information that is not included in this manual and links to other sites please visit our website http www endruntechnologies com There you can also download firmware upgrades the latest manuals and other documentation Overview The Meridian is composed of a Global Positioning System GPS time and frequency engine integrat ed with an IBM PC compatible fanless convection cooled 133 MHz CPU with integral ethernet in terface a graphic vacuum fluorescent display a keypad and a power supply Non volatile storage of the embedded Linux operating system and the Meridian application software is via FLASH memory Highly Reliable Modular Design The Meridian provides high performance and reliability combined with low power consumption and cost Its internal sub assemblies are fabricated using state of the art components and processes and are integrated in a solid high quality chassis A complete suite of time and frequency capabilities with an exceptionally high number and variety of outputs are provided in its standard 1U high 19 rack mountable chassis The modular plug and play design of the Meridian TimeBase and a wide range of option cards make it easy to ta
26. plug and play options Available frequencies are 1 MHz 5 MHz and 10 MHz The rear panel outputs are labeled with their config ured frequency These frequencies are not changeable but can be viewed via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx where x 1 5 You can also view the Sine Wave Output configuration via the network or serial ports by using console command pluginopts see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE 2001 M003 XXX OSC SINE BUFFER SLOT 1 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE Oscillator Low Phase Noise Module The Meridian TimeBase can be configured with several high performance disciplined 10 MHz os cillators The Low Phase Noise Output Option works in conjunction with these oscillators to provide up to eight individually buffered spectrally pure sinewave outputs The levels of the contributors to spectral impurity have been carefully controlled by the selection of the optional oscillators that are offered and by the design of the option module and its integration into the Meridian chassis In addi tion very good channel to channel isolation has been achieved The Oscillator Low Phase Noise Module is not field upgradeable However additional Low Phase Noise Modules without an oscillator can be installed in the field as plug and play options The
27. proper ownership and access permissions by using cp p when copying the file At boot time it will be copied to the etc directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default configura tion file The NTP implementation in the Meridian is built from the standard distribution from the http www ntp org site By factory default remote control of the NTP daemon ntpd is disabled Query only operation is supported from the two NTP companion utilities nepq and ntpdc Control via these two utilities is disabled in the etc ntp conf file in two ways First MDS authentica tion keys are not defined for control operation via a requestkey or controlkey declaration Second this default address restriction line is present in the file restrict default nomodify This line eliminates control access from ALL hosts Query access is not affected by this restriction Knowledgable NTP users who would like to customize the security aspects of the configuration of the NTP daemon in the Meridian should edit the etc ntp conf file directly and then copy it to the boot etc directory Be sure to retain the ownership and permissions of the original file by using cp p when performing the copy 87 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX D CAUTION If you are planning to make changes to the ete ntp conf file you must not restrict query access from the local host to the NTP daemon Various system monitoring processes running on the system require this a
28. which might also be configured in the client s ntp conf file Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Meridian server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Meridian After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpa command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Meridian server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful configuration Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Meridian on your network e Your Meridian has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Meridian authentication configuration shown in Chapter 5 Setting Up The NTP Server will be assumed in the example configuration commands
29. 0004 000 v 1 00 Wed May 16 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Meridian GPS root gsys gt This last line is the standard Meridian shell prompt The Meridian uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords us ing the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt To gain root access you must now issue the super user command at the shell prompt Meridian GPS root gsys gt su root You will then be prompted for the password which is endrun_1 and be granted root access to the system To leave super user mode issue the shell command exit Issuing exit again will close the telnet session Using SSH When establishing a ssh connection with your Meridian logging in directly as root is permitted 17 Meridian User Manual Connecting Instruments to the Meridian TimeBase CHAPTER TWO When you log in as root via a ssh session with the Meridian this banner will be displayed E22 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 Welcome to Meridian GPS SSH console on gsys your domain EA 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 root gsys your domain s password Here you may log in as root with password endrun_1 Afte
30. 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Rate Factory preset to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M or 10M PPS Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Alignment TTL Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Alignment RS 232 The actual realized alignment is a function of the zero crossing delay as specified above primarily due to the RS232 slew rate limit and the actual receiver detection threshold The alignment of synthesized rate pulses remains fixed following each system initialization but its relationship to other pulse outputs is non deterministic If configured for the 1 PPS output it can be factory preset to rising edge or falling edge on time Digital Timecode Drive TTL into 50Q DC level shift or RS 232 levels Format User selectable IRIG B 002 003 IEEE 1344 compliant NASA 36 or 2137 Alignment TTL Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Alignment RS 232 See Alignment above Synthesized Rate User selectable 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1 PPS steps Connector TTL Rear panel BNC jack Connector RS 232 DB9M Pinout RS 232 Pin 1 is Output A Pin 2 is Output B Pin 3 is Output C Pin 4 is Output D Optional Analog Timecode Buffer Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Quantity Four outputs Drive 1 Vrms into 50Q Frequency 1 kHz User Selectable Formats IRIG B 12
31. 61 Digital Timecode Formats ssas 4 4 0 ee sen en A 61 Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS 61 Digital Buffer Module ee e ccc cece eee eee cece eee e teen ee eeeees 62 Analog Timecode Buffer Module 62 Sine Wave Output Module 63 Oscillator Low Phase Noise Module 63 Telecom Clock Module 3 nee ee lahore er ere 64 User Settings a er er ee ee Bere Re Mes oie te eee Alice Ste ere ne 64 AGS a 20 ea en ee nn ee sers 66 Connectors and Cables asesan aaa a a a idas 67 Meridian User Manual Appendix A Time Figure of Merit TFOM 7 Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware 73 What You Need To Perform the Upgrade 73 Performing the Linux NTP Upgrade 73 Recovering from a Failed Upgrade 75 Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade 75 Performing the GPS Upgrade 76 Problems with the GPS Upgrade 17 Appendix C Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 19 A A A 19 Enterprise Management Information Base MIB
32. A series current limiting resistor of at least 1K ohms in value should be used The pull up voltage must not exceed 40V For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications Your Meridian TimeBase is supplied with five option slots that can be configured with a variety of plug in modules Most of these modules can be added to the Meridian as plug and play options without hardware or software modification At power up automatic recognition software detects the identity of any plug in module installed and launches the corresponding software routines necessary to control and monitor the operation of each module Standard plug in modules are described below Programmable Digital Buffer Module The Programmable Digital Buffer Module is a plug and play option that adds four independently programmable TTL outputs to your Meridian TimeBase These buffered outputs can provide on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS or a digital timecode output Each output can be individually programmed for any of the various selections via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx see Chapter 3 To program the outputs via the network or serial port use console command pluginoptsconfig see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications The rear panel outputs are identified as PROG TTL A through D as shown below PROG TTL C PROG TTL D DIGITAL BUFFER PROG TTL A PROG TTL B O EO Digita
33. Be sure to turn off any hardware or software handshaking The settings for the Meridian are 10 Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION 19200 is the Baud Rate e 8 is the number of Data Bits e None is the Parity 1 is the number of Stop Bits After configuring these parameters in your terminal apply power to the Meridian After about 20 seconds your terminal should display a sequence of boot messages similar to these LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 6010 0040 000 Linux Bootloader v1 00 08 17 2004 LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 Default root file system FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE partition type UPGRADE within 5 seconds These lines are the Linux bootloader boot prompt This prompt will timeout after 5 seconds and the Linux kernel and the factory default Meridian root file system will be loaded When the Linux kernel is loaded from FLASH memory into RAM a long list of kernel generated informational messages is displayed as the kernel begins execution and the various device drivers are initialized Booting Linux with FACTORY root file system 6010 0041 000 Linux Kernel v2 4 26 1 0 Wed Aug 18 17 28 45 UTC 2004 BIOS provided physical RAM map BIOS 88 0000000000000000 000000000009 000 usable BIOS 88 0000000000100000 0000000002000000 usable 32MB LO
34. Commands CHAPTER FOUR COMMAND FUNCTION accessconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring telnet ssh and snmpd access to the Meridian that is lim ited to specific hosts The resulting etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny files are saved to the non volatile FLASH disk Factory default configuration allows access by all hosts Prints the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask cpuoptsconfig Returns the current settings for any installed user selectable outputs from the CPU Module These are 1PPS AM Code and the optional Programmable TTL and Synthesizer An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings for the CPU Module outputs listed above Prints the current settings for the optional Serial Time Output cpusertimeconfig eraserootfs_1 gpscaldelay Prints the calibration delay to the console gpsdynmode Prints the GPS dynamic mode currently in effect to the console An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings for the optional Serial Time Output These settings are format baud rate and parity Command to erase the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition This must be executed prior to loading the new file system image during the Linux NTP upgrade process Prints the GPS reference position to the console gpsstat Prints the GPS subsystem status information to the console gpstrkstat Prints the GPS satellite tracking status to the console gpsversion
35. DDS Stability TDEV lt 10 ns Y lt 10 seconds Gy T lt 1x10713 1 10 secs Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled 1PPS RS 422 Pinout Pin 3 is signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND Optional Programmable Digital Buffer Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Quantity Four outputs On Time Pulse Rates Drive TTL into 500 Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Digital Timecode Drive TTL into 50Q DC level shift Format User selectable to IRIG B 002 003 IEEE 1344 compliant NASA 36 or 2137 Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Synthesized Rate 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in PPS steps with optional DDS Upgrade Connector Rear panel BNC jack 120 Meridian User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Optional Digital Buffer Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Quantity Four outputs Type of output is set up at factory based on customer requirements and can not be changed Types are on time pulse rate from 1 to 10 MPPS a digital timecode or synthesizer On Time Pulse Rates Drive TTL into 50Q or RS 232 levels SV into 3kQ Slew Rate 30 V us Duty Cycle
36. HELP key a second time to exit Help or press BACK Shortcut Menu The Shortcut Menu allows the user quick access to particular displays from the Time Status display The displays available through the Shortcut Menu are the Receiver Status display the Faults display and the NTP Status display To select the Shortcut Menu press ENTER for one second while view ing the Time Status display Time Status The Time Status display provides all the information necessary to determine that the instrument is working correctly BO i 45 U Jul 15 2003 Receiver Locked he l c TFOM 4 Sys Stat OK Time of Day The large numeric digits shown on the left side of the display indicate the current time of day Time Mode The indicator next to the time digits identifies the time mode as being UTC GPS or LOC for local time Ifthe user selects local time in the 12 hour mode an AM or PM indicator will appear instead of LOC Date Current month day and year TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS 0 JO Lh HW 21 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER THREE Receiver Status GPS receiver status as follows Acquire Searching for
37. LF gt Mag ID GPGGA Field 1 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 3 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 4 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 5 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 6 1 Fix quality indicator 0 fix not valid 1 GPS fix Field 7 08 Number of SVs in use 00 08 Field 8 1 2 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 9 14 5 Altitude above WGS84 ellipsoid we do not calculate mean sea level Field 10 M M indicates altitude is in meters Field 11 empty field Height of geoid mean sea level Field 12 empty field Units of geoidal separation Field 13 empty field Time in seconds since last DGPS update Field 14 empty field DGPS station ID number Checksum 72 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt GLL Position Data The GLL sentence identifies the position fix time of position fix and status Examples are below GPGLL V N 64 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGLL 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 173423 00 A A 34 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPGLL Field 1 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 2 N Direction of latitude N north S south 58 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS Field 3 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 4 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 5 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 6 A A data valid V data not valid Field 7 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 34 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt
38. LS Connection to RJ48C BITS Clock Input A crossover cable as shown above would be used to connect the EndRun Technologies clock buf fer output on RJ48C pins 4 and 5 to equipment with the BITS clock input on RJ48C pins 1 and 2 Equipment with the BITS clock input on pins 4 and 5 would require a straight through cable The shield ground is connected on pins 7 and 8 Connection to Wire Wrap Terminal BITS Clock Input Use a RJ48C cable with 22 AWG solid wire for connection to wire wrap terminals Either connector can be cut off to expose the individual twisted pairs for this application Determine the color coding of the twisted pair connected to pins 4 and 5 of the remaining RJ48C connector The wire con nected to pin 4 connects to the BITS clock Ring input wire wrap terminal and the wire connected to pin 5 connects to the BITS clock Tip input wire wrap terminal The drain wire associated with that shielded twisted pair connects to the GROUND terminal Shield Ground Connection The shield ground should be connected to minimize cross talk Connection to BITS clock inputs con forming to the pin out described in Table 1 or connection as described for wire wrap inputs will result in a grounded shield However some RJ48C BITS clock inputs are wired with the shield connections on pins 3 and 6 This situation can be accommodated by modification or replacement the EndRun supplied cable This is compatible with the EndRun Tec
39. Synchronization Phase locked to the Meridian TimeBase 10 MHz 122 Meridian User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Data Format All ones User selectable for Unframed Double frame or CRC4 Multi frame Line Z 120Q nominal complementary pair or 75Q nominal single ended Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 0V pk into 120Q 2 2V pk into 75Q MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ITU T G 823 Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI Identical to HDB3 for all ones data Alarm Code User selectable for Alarm Indication Signal AIS or Status Sync Messaging SSM on Sa4 through Sa8 or none at Major Blue Alarm All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output or BNC single ended RJ48C Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip Tl CLOCK OUTPUT Quantity 0 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair Frequency 1 544 Mbps Synchronization Phase locked to the Meridian TimeBase 10 MHz Data Format All ones User selectable for Unframed D4 SuperFrame SF or CRC6 Extended SuperFrame ESF Line Z 100Q nominal Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 0V pk MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ANSI T1 101 and ITU T G 824 Line Build Out User selectable for short haul DSX 1 0 655 ft Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI Identical to B8ZS or PDE with all ones dat
40. a fee for our incurred expenses as allowed for in the license GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it if you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights The
41. along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change 106 Meridian User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is de rived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you must cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announce ment including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement
42. and configurable hardware parameters are stored in non volatile FLASH memory so the Meridian can be easily upgraded in the field using FTP and TELNET or the local RS 232 serial I O port Secure upgrades are possible via SSH and SCP We make all firmware upgrades to our prod ucts available to our customers free of charge For firmware upgrade procedures refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware The time and frequency engine in the Meridian receives transmissions from satellites that are operat ing in compliance with the Navstar GPS Interface Control Document ICD known as GPS ICD 200 It specifies the receiver interface needed to receive and demodulate the navigation and time transfer data contained in the GPS satellite transmissions The GPS navigation system requires a means of synchronizing the satellite transmissions throughout the constellation so that accurate receiver to sat ellite range measurements can be performed via time of arrival measurements made at the receiver For the purposes of locating the receiver measurements of the times of arrival of transmissions from at least four satellites are needed For accurate time transfer to a receiver at a known position recep tion of the transmissions from a single satellite is sufficient The GPS system designers defined system time to be GPS time GPS time is maintained by an ensemble of high performance cesium beam atomic frequency standards located on the earth s surface GPS time is m
43. are needed to start the X modem file transfer and then displays the responses from the GPS subsystem to the console When the X modem C character appears indicating that the GPS subsystem is ready to receive the file you must hit the lt ENTER gt key and the transfer will begin After about one minute it should complete at which point you should see the GPS subsystem boot messages appear on the console From these you will be able to verify that the firmware was successfully upgraded In the example console output below lines which begin with are generated by the upgradegps script All other lines are from the GPS subsystem with the exception of the shell message indicat ing that the process cat lt dev arm_user has been terminated which is normal In this example the C character was received three times before the user hit the lt ENTER gt key to begin the transfer The last three lines are the boot messages that are sent by the GPS subsystem as it comes up The firmware version should match that of the binary file that was uploaded See Performing the GPS Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 bin Meridian response When you see the C character hit lt enter gt to begin the upload Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC Control X will abort download ccc Starting file upload should take about 60 seconds
44. being output every few seconds In this case you need to use a different recovery procedure First make sure the above cat command is killed by typing CTRL C Then enter a new cat com mand as cat lt dev arm_user amp You should again be seeing the bootloader message every few seconds Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 Please type the following command but do not press enter echo e recover r gt dev arm_user Now wait until you see another bootloader message come out and then press enter You will then see the C come out every 3 seconds You then kill the previous cat command by entering kill You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the correct binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000_3 01 bin 78 Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO A TECHNOLOGIES SNMPv3 Security Enterprise Management Information Base MIB AppendixC Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Your Meridian includes the NET SNMP version 5 3 1 implementation of an SNMP agent snmpd and a SNMP notification trap generation utility snmptrap It supports all versions of the protocol in use today SNMPvI the original Internet standard SNMPv2c never reached standard status often called community SNMP and SNMPv3 the latest Internet standard The NET SNMP project has its roots in the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation For more detailed information abou
45. command displays the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask Query antfltmask Meridian response Antenna Fault is ENABLED cpuopts This command displays the current settings for the installed RCVR CPU outputs The exception is the Serial Time Output Option which uses command cpusertime Query cpuopts Meridian response CPU Option 1PPS is installed Current setting 20 microseconds CPU Option TIME CODE is installed Current Setting IRIG B122 cpuoptsconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of any installed RCVR CPU output The user selectable outputs are 1PPS AM Code and the optional Prog TTL and Synthesizer The optional Serial Time Output is configured using command cpuser timeconfig Set cpuoptsconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started cpusertime This command displays the current settings for the optional Serial Time Output Settings for the three NMEA sentences are always shown but are only applicable if you have selected NMEA as the Output Format setting 34 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS Query cpusertime Meridian response Current Serial Time Output Baud Rate Setting 9600 Current Serial Time Output Format Setting Sysplex Current Serial Time Output Parity Setting Odd Current NMEA Sentence 1 Setting ZDA Current NMEA Sentence 2 Setting NONE Current NMEA Sentence 2 Setting NONE cpusertimeconfig
46. defines the interface between various pieces of marine electronic equipment This standard defines sentences that contain GPS position navigation time and other information Sentences that have been imple 57 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX mented in the Meridian conform to NMEA 0183 Specification Version 3 01 and are GGA GLL GSA RMC VTG and ZDA Your Meridian can output one two or three of these sentences per second You can select which NMEA sentences to output by using the cpusertime and cpusert imecon fig commands see Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands You can also use the front panel keypad display CPU I O gt Serial Time Output Setup Not all information defined in the NMEA sentences is available from the GPS receiver resident in the Meridian Following are the definitions for the NMEA sentences as implemented in this product NOTE Up to 3 sentences may be transmitted per second The first character of the first sen tence is the on time character Once the unit is locked to GPS the leading edge of the start bit of the on time character is transmitted within 100 microseconds of the beginning of the second GGA GPS Fix Data The GGA sentence contains the time position and fix related data EndRun does not calculate mean sea level Examples are below GPGGA 0 00 M 2B lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGGA 173423 00 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 1 08 1 2 14 5 M 0000 72 lt CR gt lt
47. drivers etc directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the etc directory of your Meridian You can telnet into your Meridian and start an tp session with your client computer to send the Meridian etc ntp keys file to your client computer or use the secure copy utility scp or use a text editor to create the equivalent file Although you should first test your setup using the factory default etc ntp keys file in your Meridian server you should create your own keys after you understand the process and have your clients operating correctly with the default file IMPORTANT Handling of the windows system32 drivers ete ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authen tication scheme It is very important that it is owned by administrator and not readable by anyone other than administrator After transferring the file make sure that its security properties are set such that it is readable only by the administrator Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc directory If your NTP installation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it For example XP uses windows system32 drivers etc Add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys winnt system32 drivers etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup so that authentication will be used with th
48. file in telnetd ALL sshd ALL snmpd ALL This tells tepd to deny access to in telnetd and sshd to all hosts not listed in the etc hosts allow file The snmpd and sshd daemons also parse this file prior to granting access to a requesting host Then the user is prompted to enter a list of hosts that will be granted access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd These appear in the etc hosts allow as lines like this in telnetd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 sshd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 snmpd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 This simple shell script handles the needs of most users however the syntax of these two files sup ports elaborate configuration possibilities which are beyond the capabilites of this simple shell script Advanced users who need these capabilities will need to edit these two files directly and then copy them to the boot etc directory A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is avail able on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using ep p when copying the files inetdconfig modifies the etc inetd conf file which is read by inetd to start up various protocol server daemons when requests from remote hosts are received Currently three servers are configu rable via inetdconfig TIME and DAYTIME whose daemons are contained within t
49. following chart shows the G 823 and T1 101 jitter wander MTIE mask levels that are pertinent to the telecom option module In addition it shows the specified worst case accumulated time error while in holdover for the various oscillator options that can be installed with the telecom option Since the one microsecond level is a good approximate level to the various masks it is also the threshold level that will induce an immediate fault on the telecom option alarm relays and SSM bits This level is factory configured and not user settable Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS If the Meridian loses GPS signal lock then it will drift at a rate dependent upon the installed oscilla tor When it has drifted more than 1 microsecond the MTIE fault will be set and a Major Alarm will occur The list below summarizes the chart data It shows how long in holdover each oscillator will be until it exceeds the one microsecond threshold Medium Stability OCXO 1 hour High Stability OCXO 3 hours Ultra Stable OCXO 6 hours Rubidium 6 hours Ultra Stable Rubidium 1 day EndRun Disciplined Oscillator Holdover Performance vs G 823 and 11 101 Jitter Wander Masks 5 C Max Delta in Holdover 7 5 C hr Max Slewrate MS 0CD HS 0C0 4 US 0C0 Rb HS Rb 6 823 PRC 6 823 SSU 71 101 DS1 T1 101 OC N MTIE and Accumulated Time Error in Holdover seconds 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000 Observation Inter
50. is TCXO gsyspasswd This command allows the root user to change the passwords of the two configured users on the sys tem root and gsysuser Arguments passed to gsyspasswd on the command line are passed verba tim to the real passwd binary program When passwd returns the resulting modified etc shadow file is copied to the non volatile boot etc directory To change root password Set csyspasswd Meridian response The passwd interactive utility starts To change csysuser password Set csyspasswd csysuser Meridian response The passwd interactive utility starts gsysrootfs This command displays the currently booted root file system image It can be either MeridianGPS 0 factory image or MeridianGPS_1 field upgrade image Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions on performing the upgrade procedure Query gsysrootfs Meridian response BOOT_IMAGE MeridianGPS_1 gsysstat This command allows the user to query the status of the NTP subsystem It retrieves informa tion from the NTP distribution ntpq binary using the peers command to determine the current synchronization status of the NTP subsystem It then retrieves the last line in the logfile var log praecis0 monitor controlled by the NTP daemon reference clock driver that communicates with the GPS timing subsystem This logfile is updated every 16 seconds under normal operation It parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed
51. minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the winnt system32 drivers etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the winnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Meridian on your network e Your Meridian has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts via the front panel keypad or by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure torun ntpconfig If you are going to use MDS authentication your Meridian must have been configured to operate with authentication in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Meridian configuration shown in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server will be assumed in the example configuration com mands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer 98 Meridian User Manual SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON WIND
52. of a system e g peripherals options are warranted for ninety days or longer as provided by the original equipment manufacturer from date of shipment Limitation of Warranty The foregoing express warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer or User Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site prepa ration or maintenance TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THIS WARRANTY AND REMEMDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES REMEDIES AND CONDITIONS WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN STATUTORY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ENDRUN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Meridian User Manual Warranty Repair If you believe your equipment is in need of repair call EndRun Technologies and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that your equipment will require service we will issue an RMA number You will be asked for contact information including your name address phone number and e mail address Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient stren
53. operate in UTC By default the unit is configured to operate in UTC mode If you need to modify this operation you must run this script as root Settings made using this command are non volatile Set gsystimemodeconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started gsysversion This command displays the firmware version and build date of the Meridian Query gsysversion Meridian response Meridian GPS 6010 0042 000 v 2 00 Wed Jan 16 22 38 21 UTC 2004 help This command displays a list of the Meridian commands not Linux commands To get help on a particular command you would type help followed by the command Query help Meridian response Meridian commands are displayed Query help gpsstat Meridian response Information specific to the gpsstat command is displayed inetdconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Meridian Three protocol serv ers may be configured TIME DAYTIME and TELNET By default the unit is configured to start all of these protocol servers If you need to disable start up of some or all of these e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies the etc inetd conf file which is non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must re boot
54. remainder of the boot process completes At this point the Meridian login prompt is displayed RERERERERE RRE RR 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 Welcome to Meridian GPS console on gsys your domain Tue Feb 20 2001 21 47 03 UTC FRI RK KI RI RI RI RI RI RI RIKI IIT KT KT KT KT RI RI KAAKA KAAKA ANAK KAAKA KAA kA gsys login Here you may log in as gsysuser with password Praecis or you may log in as the root user with password endrun 1 When logged in as gsysuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files In order to perform system setup procedures which includes configuring the IP network settings you must log in as the root user After correctly entering the password at this prompt password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Meridian GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Meridian GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Wed May 9 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Meridian GPS root gsys gt This last line is the standard Meridian shell prompt The Meridian uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords us ing the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt If you do not see characters displayed by you
55. shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Meridian on your network e Your Meridian has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts via the front panel keypad or by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpconfig If you are going to use MDS authentication your Meridian must have been config ured to operate with authentication in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Meridian configuration shown in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client com puter if you plan to use MDS authentication Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc di rectory Assuming that your Meridian server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authen tication as shown in the example in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add thi
56. software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair REF Time Reference This fault indicates that the microprocessor has received an erroneous time input from the GPS receiver If the condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 27 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER THREE ENG GPS Engine This fault indicates that the microprocessor is unable to establish communications with the GPS engine Please report this fault condition to the factory 1 877 749 3878 PWRA Power Supply A This indicator is only used if your Meridian is configured with dual redundant power supplies The primary power supply A is constantly monitored whether it is supplying the internal chassis power or not PWRA indicates a failure PWRB Power Supply B This indicator is only used if your Meridian is configured with dual redundant power supplies The secondary power supply B is constantly monitored whether it is supplying the internal chassis power or not PWRB indicates a failure Network4 Setup This display is selected from the Main Menu and provides the ability to view and modify the IPv4 network settings The parameters include Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP IP address gateway and netmask settings Enable DHCP to allow automatic system configuration of the network interface When DHCP is disabled the user must prov
57. the Meridian after running this script for the changes to take effect Set inetdconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started kplockstat This command prints the status either locked or unlocked of the front panel keypad EDIT key When the EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may continue to read the status and current settings of the Meridian Refer to the lockoutkp and unlockkp commands 41 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Set kplockstat Meridian response UNLOCKED lockoutkp This command locks out access to the front panel keypad EDIT key When the EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may continue to read the status and current settings of the Meridian Refer to the kplockstat and un lockkp commands Set lockoutkp Meridian response Front panel keypad EDIT key disabled netconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Meridian By default the unit is configured to configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must run this script as root from the RS 232 serial 1 O port during the installation process Refer to Chapter 2 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP for details on the use of the command This scrip
58. this line in etc snmpd conf trapsink XXX XXX KXX Xxx trapcommunity trapport where trapcommuni ty should be replaced by your community and XXX XXX xx xxx is the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the traps generated by the Meridian By default the trap will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trapport to the end of the above line to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trapsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure traps to each destination the enterprise trap genera tion mechanism of the Meridian will only send a trap to the last declared trapsink in the file To have your Meridian send SNMPv2c notifications SMIv2 RFC 2578 or informs you must con figure the communities and destinations by uncommenting and editing one or both of these lines in etc snmpd conf trap2sink XXX XXX KXX Xxx trap2community trap2port informsink XXX XKXX XXX xxx informcommunity informport where trap2community and informcommunity should be replaced by your communities and XXX XXX XXX XXX S the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the notifica tions or informs generated by the Meridian By default the v2c trap or inform will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trap2port or informport to the ends of the above lines to overri
59. tion Set setgpsrefpos Meridian response Interactive shell script is started setsigfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the Signal Loss Fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault when operat ing the NTP server as a Stratum 2 server The factory default setting is ENABLED Set sigfltmask MASKED Meridian response Signal Loss Fault Mask set to MASKED 44 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS settfomfltlvl This command allows you to change the TFOM Fault Level This is the threshold at which a signal loss fault will be asserted See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information By chang ing the TFOM Fault Level you control the point at which the time error will produce a signal loss fault which then creates an alarm condition The factory default setting is 9 which is the maximum TFOM value Set settfomfltlvl 6 Meridian response TFOM Fault Level set to 6 sigfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault Mask Query sigfltmask Meridian response Signal Loss Fault is ENABLED tfomflilvi This command displays the current setting for the TFOM Fault Level Query tfomfltlvl Meridian response TFOM Fault Level is 9 unlockkp This command unlocks access to the front panel keypad EDIT key When t
60. tion If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution condi tions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRAN TIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECES SARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 INNO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAM AGES
61. to the appropriate display and push EDIT This will cause the edit display to appear Within the edit display the modifiable parameter value is highlighted Use UP and DOWN to scroll through all the possible parameter values When editing a sequence of numbers use LEFT and RIGHT to select other digits When the parameter is correct press ENTER to load the new value All entered values are stored in non volatile FLASH and restored after a power cycle If you wish to abort the edit process press BACK This operation returns you to the previous display and the parameter will remain unchanged 20 Meridian User Manual Detailed Display Descriptions FRONT PANEL KEYPAD AND DISPLAY Keypad EDIT Lockout As a security feature the Network Administrator can disable all editing processes done through the front panel keypad This action should be performed to prevent unauthorized modification of the instrument When the EDIT key has been disabled a warning message will appear whenever a user tries to edit a parameter To enable the lockout feature use the lockoutkp command as described in Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands The lockout feature will prevent editing only the displays are always available for viewing Using Help Press HELP at any time to read the context sensitive help messages Most Help messages have much more information than can be viewed within the two line display Use UP and DOWN to scroll through the help message Press the
62. to use SNMPv3 you must configure user keys in this file for each SNMPv3 user that you have set up in etc snmpd conf To do this you must add lines to boot net snmp snmpd conf like these for each user createUser root MDB endrun_1 DES endrun 1 createUser meridianuser SHA MeridianGPS The first line will cause the agent snmpd to create a user root who may be authenticated via Mes sage Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 with password endrun_1 and may use the Data Encryption Standard DES to encrypt the session data with passphrase endrun_1 The second line will cause a user meridianuser to be created who may be authenticated using the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA with password MeridianGPS Passwords and passphrases must have a minimum of 8 characters or you will not be able to be authenticated IMPORTANT You must kill the snmpa process prior to editing boot net snmp snmpd conf Otherwise the secret key creation may not complete properly Issue the command ps e to have the operating system dis play the list of running processes Look for the PID of the snmpa process and issue the kill command to stop it For example if the PID listed for the snmpa process is 53 then you would issue this command kill 53 You can verify that the process was terminated by re issuing the ps e command 82 Meridian User Manual SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP After re booting the agent will read the boot net snmp snmpd conf configuration file and comput
63. 0 0041 100 bzimage Issue these commands from the console of your Meridian ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0041 100 bzimage tmp transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using scp from the remote computer to your Meridian A command like this should be used scp p 6010 0041 100 bzimage root cntp your domain tmp The kernel upgrade utility is executed with a single argument passed on the command line the path to the previously uploaded kernel image file For example upgradekernel tmp 6010 0041 100 bzimage 75 Meridian User Manual Performing the GPS Upgrade APPENDIX B The kernel upgrade utility verifies the integrity of the file reads the kernel version information pres ents it to you and asks you to verify before replacing the old kernel image If you verify it will then erase the old image and write the new one in its place The erase and write operation takes about 10 seconds A power failure during the kernel erase and write operation would render your unit unbootable It is highly advisable to plug your unit into a UPS while performing the kernel upgrade To perform this upgrade log in as the root user to the Meridian using either the local console serial VO port telnet or ssh and perform these operations
64. 0 milliseconds unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS 0 I OA MN 2 In all cases the Meridian reports this value as accurately as possible even during periods of GPS signal outage where the Meridian is unable to directly measure the relationship of its timing out puts to UTC During these GPS outage periods assuming that the Meridian had been synchronized prior to the outage the Meridian extrapolates the expected drift of the Meridian timing signals based on its knowledge of the characteristics of the internal Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscilla tor TCXO Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator OCXO or Rubidium oscillator The extrapolated TFOM is based on a conservative estimate of the performance of the oscillator and should be consid ered worst case for a typical benign ambient temperature environment During periods of signal loss the GPS subsystem will compute an extrapolated worst case time error as described above If the signal loss condition persists you will see the TFOM character change to indicate a gradually deteriorating accuracy of the timing outputs One hour after the worst case time error has reached the value equivalent to a TFOM of TFOM Fault Level the red LED will illuminate The fault status field returned in the gpsstat command will have the appropriate bit set to indicate a loss of signal time out condition You may control the TFOM level at which a loss of signal alarm is generated by changing the TFOM
65. 10 MPPS or a digital timecode Other selections are 1PPS OT rising edge on time 1 PPS OT falling edge on time and SYNTH see DDS option below The output signal can be programmed for any of the various selections via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O gt ProgTTL Alternatively you can change the output signal via the network or serial port by using console command cpuoptsconfig Refer to Chapter 3 for details on the Option I O Menu and refer to Chapter 4 for details on the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications 3B Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS The Programmable TTL Output Option may be upgraded with the addition of the Direct Digital Syn thesizer selection This option provides user selectable pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS program mable in 1 PPS steps including 1 544 MPPS or 2 048 MPPS The selected pulse rate is phase locked to the system oscillator However the DDS output is not aligned with system time If your Meridian has this option available then it will show up as SYNTH in the list of available se lections for the Programmable TTL Output The actual synthesizer frequency is set via the front panel keypad by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O gt Synthesizer Alternatively you can change the synthesizer rate via the network or serial port by using console command cpuo
66. 2 drivers etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 100 Meridian User Manual EndRun C o TECHNOLOGIES AppendixG Timecode Formats A standard feature of your Meridian TimeBase is a single timecode output available at the rear panel BNC connector identified as AM CODE A DC shift timecode output is available via the optional Programmable TTL Output on the CPU Module see CPU Module Options in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Multiple timecode outputs both AM and DC shift are also available via an option board module see Plug In Module Options in Chapter 6 The output code format is selectable via the front panel user interface See Timecode Output Setup in Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display You can also select the timecode format via a con sole command See CpuOptsConfig in Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands Each format is described below Time codes are commonly used to provide time information to external devices such as displays magnetic tape devices strip chart recorders and several types of embedded computer peripheral cards IRIG B122 002 This is the most widely used format and is normally the factory default for the AM Code output The IRIG B122 format is a 100 pps code and is used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds through day of year coded in Binary Coded Decimal BCD Refe
67. 2 123 IEEE 1344 compliant NASA 36 and 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack Optional Sine Wave Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Quantity 4 uses one slot or 8 12 16 or 20 requires additional slots Output Frequency 1 MHz 5 MHz or 10 MHz Output Level 13 dBm 2 dBm at 50Q Connector Rear panel BNC jack Optional Oscillator Low Phase Noise Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Quantity 4 uses one slot or 8 12 16 or 20 requires additional slots Output Frequency 5 MHz or 10 MHz Output Level 13 dBm 2 dBm at 50Q Harmonics lt 45 dBc at 500 Channel to Channel Isolation gt 75 dB Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Connector Rear panel BNC jack 121 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX K Phase Noise dBc Hz 10 MHz Hz TCXO Spurs 1 70 100 10 100 100 100 125 100 1k 135 100 10k 140 100 100 k 145 120 Hz MS OCXO HS OCXO US OCXO Rb HS Rb Spurs 1 95 105 110 80 10 120 130 135 100 120 100 135 140 145 135 115 1k 145 150 150 145 125 10k 145 150 150 145 125 100 k 145 150 150 145 110 Stability Allan Deviation Table Does NOT pertain to the Synthesized Rates Optional DDS Outputs Tau in Seconds TCXO MS OCXO HS OCXO US OCXO Rb HS Rb 1 1x10 3x102 1x107 2 6x10 13 221011 2x101 10 4x10709 3 9x1012 1 3x102 9 8x10 13 6 7x1012 6 7x10
68. 2 Wheto De less ses ESA SAA ne NN Ne de 3 Chapter Two Basic Installation 5 Checking and Identifying the Hardware 5 Meridian Physical Description 6 Performing an Initial Site Survey 8 Installing the Meridian airada A tee 8 Mount the Meridian AAA cece dia ecb HN en pared SEAS ee ae GA 9 Connecting the DC Power Option 9 Connecting and Configuring Ethernet 9 Configuring Ethernet with the Front Panel Keypad 10 Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port 10 Meridian User Manual Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Test the Serial Port Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP Verify Network Configuration Check Network Operation Using Telnet Using SSH Conneding Instruments to the Meridian TimeBase Chapter Three Front Panel Keypad and Display Description Keypad Description Display and Keypad Operation Traversing the Display Structure Editing Keypad EDIT Lockout Using Help Shortcut Menu Detailed Display Descriptions Time Status Main Men
69. 500000 to 500000 nanoseconds Set setgpscaldelay Meridian response Interactive shell script is started setgpsdynmode This command accepts a single argument ON or OFF to allow the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS subsystem By default the unit is configured for static operation so this setting is OFF If the Meridian will be mounted on a moving platform like a ship then this setting must be changed to ON The change takes place immediately and is stored non volatilely Set setgpsdynmode ON Meridian response GPS Dynamic Mode is ON setgpsrefpos This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to set the accurate reference position of the Meridian By default the unit is configured to locate itself using the GPS satellites In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit will not be able to determine its position In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it using this command If you need to set the accurate reference position you must run this script as root The changes take place immediately Zf the GPS dynamic mode setting is ON see gpsdynmode setgpsdynmode commands then running this script will have no effect In addition to setting a new accurate reference position the user can also invalidate an existing one This will force the Meridian to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite constella
70. 7 100 5x10 s 1x1002 1 7x102 1 5x107 2 2 5x101 2x102 1000 6 5x1012 5x1072 2 2x107 2 22x102 1 4x1012 9x1013 10000 1x102 1x102 1x10 1x101 8x103 sx101 100000 1x103 1x10 1x107 1x103 1x103 1x10 Optional Telecom Clock Module Outputs See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information COMPOSITE CLOCK Quantity 0 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair via 2xRJ48C Single ended via 2xBNC Frequency 64 kbps Synchronization Phase locked to the Meridian TimeBase 10 MHz Data Format All ones User selectable bipolar violation BPV Line Z 110Q nominal complementary pair or 75Q nominal single ended Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 4V pk into 133Q 3 0V pk into 110Q 2 4V pk into 75Q MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ITU T G 823 Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI 5 8 Duty Cycle User selectable for 64kcc AMI with no BPV 64kcc AMI with 8 kHz BPV or 64kcc with 8 kHz BPV and missing BPV at 400 Hz Alarm Code User selectable for BPV off AIS at Major Blue Alarm or BPV always on All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output or BNC single ended RJ48C Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip El CLOCK OUTPUT Quantity 0 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair via 2xRJ48c or 1xDB9M Single ended via 2xBNC Frequency 2 048 Mbps
71. E OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE 115 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX J 116 Meridian User Manual EndRun DS EN TECHNOLOGIES Appendixk Specifications The following accuracy and stability specifications assume a stationary position not dynamic mode and the antenna mounted with a full view of the sky GPS Receiver L1 Band 1575 42 MHz 8 Channels C A Code Antenna TNC jack on rear panel Zin 50Q Integral 35 dB gain LNA with bandpass filter for out of band interference rejection Rugged all weather housing capable of operation over 40 C to 85 C temperature extremes Mounting via 18 long PVC pipe with stainless steel clamps 50 low loss RG 59 downlead cable standard Extension cables and low noise pre amplifiers are available as options Local Oscillator TCXO is standard 2 5x10 over 20 to 70 C Options Medium Stability OCXO MS OCXO 4x10 over 0 to 70 C High Stability OCXO HS OCXO 1x10 over 0 to 70 C Ultra Stable OCXO US OCXO 5x107 0 over 0 to 70 C Rubidium Rb 1x10 over 20 to 70 C Rubidium HS Rb 1x1071 over 20 to 70 C NTP Stratum 1 Holdover Performance 24 Hours TCXO 35 Days MS OCXO 35 Days HS OCXO 35 Days US OCXO 140 Days Rb 400 Days HS Rb Time to Lock lt 5 minutes typical TCXO lt 10 minutes typical OCXO Rb Alphanumeric Di
72. EndRun c amp TECHNOLOGIES Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase User Manual Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase User Manual Preface Thank you for purchasing the Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase Our goal in developing this product is to bring you a precise time and frequency reference that will quickly easily and reliably meet or exceed your system requirements Your new Meridian is fabricated using the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes available today and will give you years of troublefree service About EndRun Technologies EndRun Technologies is dedicated to the development and refinement of the technologies required to fulfill the demanding needs of the time and frequency community The instruments produced by EndRun Technologies have been selected as the timing reference for a variety of industries and applications computer networks satellite earth stations power utilities test ranges broadcast and telecommunications systems and more EndRun Technologies is committed to fulfilling your precision timing needs by providing the most advanced reliable and cost effective time and frequency equipment available in the market today Trademark Acknowledgements IBM PC Linux NotePad Timeserv UNIX Windows NT WordStar are registered trademarks of the respective holders Part No USM3019 0000 000 Revision 12 October 2009 Copyright EndRun Technologies 2005 2009 Meridian User Manual About This Man
73. KKKKKKKKK Meridian GPS Network Configuration d d d ddd dd d ddd dkk k DEEE EEEE KK KIRK KI KEIR IKI KIKI KIKI RIKKI RE This script will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Meridian GPS You will be able to reconfigure your system at any time by typing netconfig The settings you make now will not take effect until you restart your Meridian GPS so if you make a mistake just re run this script before re booting HF HF HF HH T HH T You will be prompted to enter your network parameters now ZZ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 LA 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 DHCP Settings Use a DHCP server to configure the ethernet interface yles nlo n HOST name setting Set the hostname of your Meridian GPS Only the base hostname is needed not the domain Enter hostname gsys DOMAIN name setting Set the domain name Do not supply a leading Enter domain name for gsys your domain STATIC IP ADDRESS setting Set the IP address for the Meridian GPS Example 111 112 113 114 Enter IP address for gsys aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 245 DEFAULT GATEWAY ADDRESS setting Set the default gateway address such as 111 112 113 1
74. N 45014 Manufacturer s Name EndRun Technologies Manufacturer s Address 1360 North Dutton Avenue 200 Santa Rosa CA 95401 DECLARES THAT THE PRODUCT Product Name Precision GPS Time Base Model Number Meridian CONFORMS TO THE FOLLOWING EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES R amp TTE Directive 99 5 EEC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC EMC Directive 89 336 EEC With Amendment 93 68 EEC Supplementary Information Safety EN 60950 2000 3 Edition EMC EN 55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A EN 55024 1998 w A1 2001 amp A2 2003 EN 61000 3 2 2000 EN 61000 3 3 1995 w A1 2001 Year Mark First Applied 2005 I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the above Directives and Standards Place Santa Rosa CA USA Signature Mir E g CC Date March 31 2005 Full Name David J Lobsinger Position V P Hardware Engineering 126 Meridian User Manual EndRun CEE MN Y TECHNOLOGIES Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements From time to time EndRun Technologies will customize the standard Meridian Precision GPS Time Base for special customer requirements If your unit has been modified then this section will describe what those changes are This section is blank 127 Meridian User Manual SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS 128 Meridian User Manual EndRun TECHNOLOGIES S
75. ND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Herein after translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
76. NOLOGIES General Linux Shell Operation Chapter Four Control and Status Commands This chapter describes the Meridian control and status commands The Meridian supports several application specific commands for performing initialization setup and for monitoring the perfor mance and status of the NTP and GPS subsystems You do not need knowledge of Linux commands in order to operate the Meridian However the Meridian does support a subset of the standard Linux shell commands A wealth of information is available from a variety of sources on Linux Only the Meridian specific commands will be described in this chapter The serial I O port physical and elec trical characteristics are defined as well You do not need to know Linux in order to operate the Meridian However for those interested the command shell used by the Meridian is the Linux standard bash All commands and file names are case sensitive which is standard for Unix like operating systems If you are unfamiliar with Unix like operating systems and you would like to be able to more closely monitor or optimize the performance of your Meridian you should consult either the web http www linuxdoc org or good Linux reference books like Linux in a Nutshell Seiver O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Running Linux Welsh Dalheimer amp Kaufman O Reilly amp Associates 1999 to learn the ins and out of the Linux command console 31 Meridian User Manual Available User
77. ONT PANEL KEYPAD AND DISPLAY LI Bits Shows the status of the leap indicator bits as sent by the Meridian time server to the clients in the NTP reply packets Descriptions of the leap indicator are 00 None No fault and no pending leap second 01 Insert Pending No fault and a leap second insertion is pending 10 Delete Pending No fault and a leap second deletion is pending 11 Fault Unsynchronized fault condition exists NTP Setup This display provides access to the NTP broadcast and multicast settings and provides the user with a convenient means of checking the current configuration and allows limited setup You may also perform a more complete broadcast multicast configuration via a telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console using the ntpconfig utility This utility provides a more secure means of setup and so is more complete It will allow you to select keys and identify trusted keys This display will indicate that the mode is broadcast multicast or disabled It allows either broadcast or multicast configuration with selection of the broadcast address multicast time to live TTL and trusted key for MD5 authentication The broadcast multicast mode may also be disabled Broadcast Mode In this mode the broadcast address is displayed If MD5 authentication is selected the trusted key number will also be displayed Multicast Mode The multicast address must be 224 0 1 1 The TTL value is the number of router hops that multi
78. OWS NT 4 0 2000 XP e You have successfully performed the MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on your client com puter if you plan to use MDS authentication Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc directory or for XP the windows system32 drivers etc directory As suming that your Meridian server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the ntp conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MDS authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient If you are using multicast instead of broadcast mode you would replace the broadcastclient keyword with the multicastclient keyword You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 or the authenticated version added in MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Meridian as a broadcast or multicast server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to co
79. P daemon polls the GPS timing subsystem every 16 seconds The results of this poll are used to steer the system clock and are saved to a log file This command parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length string having these fields LKSTAT TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS LF S N VCDAC SN R FLTS Where LKSTAT isthe tracking status of the engine either LOCKED or NOTLKD TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS 0 I A UH UU YEAR is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM SS sssssssss is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP daemon reference clock driver LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS LF is the future at the next UTC mi
80. P multicast address 224 0 1 1 when you are prompted to enter the broadcast address Configuring NTP Using the Front Panel Keypad To configure NTP using the front panel keypad go to the Main Menu display Press the RIGHT ar row key until the NTP selection is highlighted Press ENTER again Press the RIGHT arrow key to highlight Setup and press ENTER From this display you can configure broadcast multicast mode You can also select previously configured MDS authentication keys from this display How ever to configure new keys you will need to run ntpconfig Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ntpcon fig The user entered parameters are underlined Meridian GPS root gsys gt ntpconfig 49 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FIVE kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk XKKKKKKKKKKKK Network Time Protocol Configuration d d d d d dd d ddd dkk k EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE KIKI KKK KKK RIKI 2 21212 21212 2122 2122 2 22 2 E E E 22 2 22 2 E E 2 EEE EEE E E 2 EE ka This script will allow you to configure the ntp conf and ntp keys files that control Meridian NTP daemon operation You will be able to create new MD5 authentication keys which are stored in the ntp keys file u You will be able to update the authentication related commands in the n
81. Polar Violation CRITICAL All 0 s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s CRITICAL All 0 s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation 400Hz non BPV MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation ALARM NONE CRITICAL All 0 s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation 400Hz non BPV MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s ALARM AIS CRITICAL All 0 s Alarms Minor Major and Critical Alarms are defined below For further information on each fault refer to the gpsstat command FLTS field in Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands In addition to the fault types listed below there will be a Critical Alarm if a serious hardware problem is detected on the Telecom Module or the Receiver CPU Module DAC Control Over Range No Signal Time Out FPGA Configuration Fault FLASH Write Fault GPS Comm Fault Time Input Fault No Polling Events Antenna Fault Power A Fault option Power B Fault option MTIE Exceeds 1 Microsecond The first 10 faults listed above are standard system faults When the telecom board is installed an additional fault detection algorithm is active that compares the worst case holdover accuracy to the telecom industry standard jitter wander performance masks This is the last fault listed in the table above MTIE Exceeds 1 Microsecond The
82. Pv6 kernel The presence of an IPv6 capable kernel will automatically enable most of the new IPv6 capabilities By default autoconfiguration of the ethernet interface via IPv6 Router Advertisements is enabled To disable acceptance of Router Advertisements or to configure a static IPv6 address and default IPv6 gateway you must either run the interactive netconfig script or use the front panel keypad display Either method will allow you to configure your ethernet interface for both IPv4 and IPv6 operation Using the netconfig script has the advantage that you can also configure the hostname and domain name for the unit and any nameservers you may want it to have access to OpenSSH By default sshd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses It may be forced to listen on either IPv4 only or IPv6 only by editing the etc rc d rc inet2 startup script where sshd is started and then copying it to boot etc rc d Net SNMP By default snmpd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses This may be changed by editing etc rc d rc local and modifying the agent address argument passed to snmpd at start up and then copying it to boot etc rc d 103 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX H IPv6 Capable syslog ng To enable remote syslogging to an IPv6 host you will need to edit the new etc syslog ng conf file and copy it to boot etc At boot time the presence of both the syslog ng daemon and the boot etc sysl
83. Serial I O Port in Chapter 2 Basic Installation When you have connected your terminal to the serial I O port apply power to the Meridian Pay close attention to the terminal window while the unit is re booting After the Linux bootloader displays the message To override and boot the FACTORY partition type FACTORY within 5 seconds you must begin typing factory within five seconds to let the bootloader know that you are going to override the default root file system After you hit lt enter gt the bootloader will boot the factory root file system Watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered If the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous upgrade and re perform it If you want to upgrade your kernel to the IPv6 capable one then you must first be sure that your root file system is version 2 60 or later To upgrade your kernel log in as the root user to the Meridian using the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to a temporary location on your Meridian using FTP The IPv6 kernel image will be named with the software part number and version like 60 0 0041 100 bzimage When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual kernel image that you are installing for 601
84. WMEM available On node 0 totalpages 8192 zone 0 4096 pages zone 1 4096 pages zone 2 0 pages DMI not present Kernel command line config 11000001 initjffs 0 console ttyS0 19200 root dev mtdblock4 load_ramdisk 1 rw Initializing CPU 0 Calibrating delay loop 66 96 BogoMIPS Memory 30784k 32768k available 812k kernel code 1596k reserved 162k data 68k init 0k highmem Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode Ok Dentry cache hash table entries 4096 order 3 32768 bytes Inode cache hash table entries 2048 order 2 16384 bytes Mount cache hash table entries 512 order 0 4096 bytes Buffer cache hash table entries 1024 order 0 4096 bytes Page cache hash table entries 8192 order 3 32768 bytes CPU AMD 486 DX 4 WB stepping 04 Checking hlt instruction OK POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX PCI Using configuration type 1 PCI Probing PCI hardware PCI Probing PCI hardware bus 00 Linux NET4 0 for Linux 2 4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3 039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd JFFS2 version 2 1 C 2001 Red Hat Inc designed by Axis Communications AB Serial driver version 5 05c 2001 07 08 with MANY PORTS SHARE_IRQ SERIAL_PCI enabled ttyS00 at 0x03f8 irq 4 is a 16550A ttyS01 at 0x02f8 irq 3 is a 16550A ttyS02 at 0x03e8 irq 0 is a ST16654 ttyS03 at 0x02e8 irq 3 is a ST16654 11 Meridian User Ma
85. a Alarm Code User selectable for Alarm Indication Signal AIS or Status Sync Messaging SSM or none at Major Blue Alarm All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip Ai z pn 123 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX K ALARM RELAY OUTPUTS Quantity 0 or 3 Type Form C Rating 750 mA 42VAC 60VDC NC Contact Closed for alarm active condition NO Contact Closed for alarm inactive condition Minor Alarm Active at minor clock faults Major Alarm Active at major clock fault Blue Alarm Critical Alarm Active at clock operational fault Red Alarm Connector DB9 Female Pinout 1 Minor NC 2 Minor NO 3 Major COM 4 Critical NC 5 Critical NO 6 Minor COM 7 Major NC 8 Major NO 9 Critical COM CE FCC Compliance R amp TTE Directive 99 5 EEC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC EMC Directive 89 336 EEC With Amendment 93 68 EEC Supplementary Compliance Data e Safety EN 60950 2000 3rd Edition e EMC EN55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A EN 50024 1998 w A1 2001 and A2 2003 EN61000 3 2 2000 EN61000 3 3 1995 w A1 2001 124 Meridian User Manual SPECIFICATIONS 125 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX K End Run TECHNOLOGIES DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO IEC GUIDE 22 and E
86. a signal Locking Locking to the GPS signal Locked Fully synchronized to signal System Status Indicates either OK or flashing FAULT A fault status indicates that one or more of the built in fault checking processes has detected an error condition See Faults in this chapter for more information An alternate Time Status display can be viewed by pressing the right arrow key You can go back to the original Time Status display by pressing the left arrow key 181 12 59 45 2 Sess Main Menu Press ENTER from the Time Status display to select the Main Menu display The Main Menu pro vides access to the following displays Receiver Clock CPU VO Display Faults Network NTP Firmware and About To select one of these items use the RIGHT and LEFT keys to highlight it Then push ENTER to select the highlighted item These displays are described in detail below Receiver Menu The Receiver Menu is selected from the Main Menu and provides access to the Receiver Status Os cillator Status Reference Position and GPS Dynamic Mode displays described below Receiver Status This display provides information associated with the operation of the GPS receiver Press DOWN to scroll through all the information GPS RECEIVER STATUS Rovr State Locked Carrier Noise 34 5 Satellite ID 25 03 11 14 23 31 25 28 Receiver State This shows the current state of the GPS receiver subsystem The state may be acquire locking or lo
87. a voltage source A series current limiting resistor of at least 1K ohms in value should be used The pull up voltage must not exceed 40V If your primary application for the Meridian is as a frequency standard and you have not purchased one of the optional higher stability oscillators you should consider operating with the display set to view the Receiver State See Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display With this display in view you will always know whether the Meridian is currently locked to a GPS signal while you are performing measurements based on its frequency outputs The holdover frequency accuracy of the standard TCXO will degrade to the 5x10 level fairly quickly following GPS signal loss depending upon the ambient temperature Refer to Chapter 6 Rear Panel Output Options and to Appendix K Specifications for more infor mation on the rear panel output signals 18 Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO A TECHNOLOGIES Display Description Keypad Description Chapter Three Front Panel Keypad and Display This section describes the Meridian front panel user interface which consists of a graphic vacuum fluorescent display VFD and keypad The keypad and display provide a convenient interface that allows the user to quickly check the operation of the instrument and setup many control parameters If desired the Network Administrator can disable the keypad EDIT key to prevent unauthorized tam pering with the instrument setu
88. aa bbb ccc ddd 224 0 1 1 You have selected multicast operation Enter the number of hops that are needed for the multicast packets on your network positive integer 1 It is highly recommended that authentication be used if you are using NTP in broadcast multicast mode Otherwise clients may easily be spoofed by a fake NTP server You can specify an MD5 key number that the Meridian GPS will use in its broadcast multicast packets The clients on your network must be configured to use the same key Would you like to specify an MD5 key number to use with broadcast mode yles nlo y Enter the MD5 key number to use 1 65534 2 ZZ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 ZZ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 The Meridian GPS Network Time Protocol configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect ZZ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 LA 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 51 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FIVE Co
89. ace gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked de ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition lt CR gt 1s the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D and is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character Ox0A Truetime Format The format of the Truetime string is identical to the Sysplex format The only difference between the two is that the Sysplex format always uses UTC time The time contained in the Truetime format de pends on the time mode of the Meridian For example if you want an output with this string format that uses Local Time then select the Truetime format EndRun Format The time contained in this string depends on the time mode of the Meridian For example if you want the time in this string to be UTC then set the time mode of the Meridian to UTC You can do this by using the front panel keypad display or the console port see gsyst imemodeconfig in Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands The following string is sent once each second TYYYY DDD HH MM SS zZZ m lt CR gt lt LF gt T is the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY is the year DDD is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour SS is the second of the minu
90. ad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 93 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX E 94 Meridian User Manual EndRun DS EN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP To configure your Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP computer to use your Meridian NTP interface you must have successfully configured the Meridian NTP Server as per the instructions in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP configuration for operation with the Meridian will be described here Installation must be performed by a user with administrative priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents at http www ntp org Although all the information is available at the above site the following are excellent tutorials on set ting up NTP and are easier to understan
91. affect the NTP output which is always UTC Possible values for the time mode are GPS UTC and local time GPS time is derived from the GPS satellite system UTC is GPS time minus the current leap second correction Local time is UTC plus local offset and Daylight Savings Time The local offset and daylight savings time displays are described below Local Offset Local offset is used in calculating the current local time when the time mode is set to local see time mode above Press the EDIT key to change the value Enter a negative offset for time zones west of the Greenwich meridian and a positive offset for time zones to the east If enabled DST will add an additional hour Hours Display The hours display format affects the front panel time display and is active only when the time mode is set to local time Hours display selections are either 12 hour format 1 12 hours with AM PM indicator or 24 hour format 0 23 hours Daylight Savings Time Daylight Savings Time DST is used in calculating the current local time when the time mode is set to local When the time mode is local this display will allow the user to enable or disable DST by pressing EDIT If DST is disabled then any previously set start and stop times will be ignored If DST is enabled then the start and stop times can be set by pressing the arrow keys to scroll and then ENTER DST is active within the start stop interval and adds one hour to the local time If DST is active t
92. ain Name DFLT ALT1 ALT2 or ALT3 and the PTP Time Mode PTP or UTC Default PTP configuration settings are shown at the beginning of this Appendix One file is modified etc ptp conf This is a non volatile stored file in the FLASH disk boot etc direc tory You must re boot the Meridian after running this script for the changes to take effect The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ptpconfig The user entered parameters are underlined Meridian GPS root cntp gt ptpconfig LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 KEKEKKKKKEEEEKKEEEEEK Precision Time Protocol Configuration x kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk This script will allow you to configure the ptp conf file that controls the PTP daemon operation You will be able to configure the PTP sync_interval preferred state subdomain_name and time_mode Meridian If you make a mistake just re run ptpconfig prior to re booting The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 PTP preferred Conf
93. ation 11111111 00100000 ALARM SSM MAJOR BLUE ESF Do Not Use For Synchronization 11111111 00001100 CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A E1 USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS amp ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL FRAMING ALARM ALARM STATE FRAMING SSM STATE SSM Message UNFRAMED NONE All 1 s N A N A ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE All T s N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A FAS DF NONE FAS DF N A N A ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE FAS DF N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A FAS DF NONE FAS DF N A N A ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM SSM MAJOR BLUE CRC4 MF Do Not Use For Synchronization 1111 CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A 65 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX 64kCC USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS amp ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE CODE ALARM ALARM STATE CODE AMI NONE AMI All 1 s ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s CRITICAL All 0 s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi
94. ator type electronic frequency control status and several oscillator disciplining parameters The oscillator type indicates the oscillator that is installed Possible oscilla tor types are Temperature compensated crystal oscillator TCXO Medium stability oven oscillator MS OCXO High stability oven oscillator HS OCXO Ultra stable oven oscillator US OCXO Rubidium oscillator Rb High stability rubidium oscillator HS Rb Osc Cntrl DAC The oscillator control DAC value indicates the frequency control setting The system automatically sets this value to remove frequency errors Values may range from 0 to 1048575 Values close to the maximum minimum settings will set the DAC fault flag that will appear in the fault status display The Time Status display will also indicate a fault condition Coast Time This indicates the number of seconds the unit has been in coast mode Estimated Time Error This is the estimated time error of the instrument while in coast mode Measured Time Error This is the last measured time offset while locked Time Deviation Time deviation of measurements Ageing Rate Regression computed oscillator ageing rate per day Control Loop TAU Control loop averaging time constant Temperature The internal temperature OCXO and Rubidium oscillators only 4 Meridian User Manual FRONT PANEL KEYPAD AND DISPLAY Clock Calibration Use Clock Calibration to set the antenna propagation delay This will advance or r
95. ble TTL pulse rate output and is usually not installed If installed see description in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix K Specifications This BNC connector provides an optional customer specified rate output and is usually not installed If installed it will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This output is set at the factory and cannot be changed See details in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix K Specifications for the Fixed Rate Output This optional DB 9M connector provides the 1PPS output at RS 422 levels and is usually not installed The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via the front panel keypad or via command cpuoptsconfig See pinout details in Appendix K Specifications for the 1PPS RS 422 Output This optional DB 9M connector provides the serial I O interface with a once per second ASCII time string output and is usually not installed For further information refer see description in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and Appendix K Specifications Your Meridian has five option slots that can be configured with a variety of plug in modules See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for detailed information on the various modules This IEC 320 standard three prong connector provides AC power This optional 3 position termina
96. can limit LAN synchronization accuracy to 1 2 to 2 milliseconds typical Maintenance Console RS 232 serial I O on rear panel DB9M plug for secure local terminal access Parameters fixed on 19200 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit See RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions in Chapter 4 for more information Supported IPv4 Network Protocols SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server TELNET client server FTP client DHCP client SYSLOG Supported IPv6 Network Protocols See Appendix H IPv6 Information for more details SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MDS authentication and autokey SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server SYSLOG 118 Meridian User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Optional PTP IEEE 1588 Grandmaster TEEE 1588 2002 V1 PTP Timestamp Resolution 1 microsecond PTP Slave Synchronization Accuracy to the Grandmaster 10 microseconds typical network topology dependent Power 90 132 VAC 180 264 VAC 47 63 Hz 0 6 A Max 120 VAC 0 3 A Max 240 VAC 3 Pin IEC 320 on rear panel 2 meter line cord is included Size Chassis 1 75 H x 17 0 W x 10 75 D Antenna 3 5 Dia x 2 5 H Weight lt 10 Ib 4 50 kg Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 50
97. cast traffic is permitted to pass through before expiring on the network Multicast may also use MDS authentication If selected the trusted key number will also be displayed Press EDIT to change the broadcast multicast settings Each of the edit windows has help infor mation available to guide you through the setup process Note that changing the NTP multicast broadcast settings does not take effect until the system reboots The new parameters are loaded to the ntp conf file in the boot etc directory Only the broadcast line in the ntp conf file is modified The final display in the edit sequence requires confirmation of your intent to change the instrument set tings Once confirmation takes place the instrument will reboot PTP Menu Optional The PTP Menu is available only if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been enabled in your Meridian For further information see Appendix J Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 Firmware The Firmware display is selected from the Main Menu and provides version information for the ap plication software running on the GPS subsystem and the NTP subsystem Linux Root File System and Linux Kernel Use UP and DOWN to toggle between the information windows About The About display is selected from the Main Menu and provides contact information for EndRun Technologies The website and toll free phone number are listed 29 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER THREE BO Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO A TECH
98. ccess 88 Meridian User Manual EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES Appendix E Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix like Platforms To configure your Unix like computer to use your Meridian NTP interface you must have success fully configured the Meridian NTP Server as per the instructions in Chapter 5 Setting Up The NTP Server This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP client configuration for operation with the Meridian will be described It is expected that you are or have access to a capable Unix Linux system administrator and know more than a little about installing distributions from source code Installation must be performed by a user with root priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents especially the Distribution Notes FAQ and Configuration subject matter which are available at http www ntp org Although all the information is available at the above site the following are excellent tutorials on set ting up NTP and are easier to understand http www sun com solutions blueprints 0701 NTP pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0801 NTPpt2 pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0901 NTPpt3 pdf If you have a new server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Meridian with NTP clien
99. cise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agree ment or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many peo ple have made genero
100. cked When locked the GPS receiver is synchronized to the signal and it is disciplining the internal oscillator to remove frequency and time errors TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where 22 Meridian User Manual FRONT PANEL KEYPAD AND DISPLAY time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS I OA MN SW Carrier to Noise The carrier to noise ratio is an indicator of the GPS signal quality This number typically ranges from 30 to 45 dB when the instrument is locked Satellite ID This field lists the satellites that are currently being tracked Reference Position This display shows the current GPS position and allows you to enter a position if desired The GPS reference position is the position of the GPS receiver antenna Accurate position is necessary to gen erate precise time and frequency outputs The source field SRC indicates the source of the position information Possible values are un known average and user When first installed the position source will be unknown It changes to average after the receiver has computed the first 3 dimensional position fix The posi tion continues to be averaged for about 24 hours Computati
101. d http www sun com solutions blueprints 0701 NTP pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0801 NTPpt2 pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0901 NTPpt3 pdf If you have a news server many problems may be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP at comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Meridian with NTP clients on Window NT 4 0 platforms will be de scribed Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MDS authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first MDS This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Meridian is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MDS clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s winnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file It can be configured either with or without MDS authentication However it is highly recom mended that authentication be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network 95 Meridian User Manual Basic NTP Client Setup APPENDIX F Basic setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully comm
102. d of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the customer s convenience Note The value referred to here is the upper 16 bits of a 20 bit DAC value No Signal Time Out This bit indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has equal to the TFOM Fault Level see the sett fom 1t1v1 command This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an or antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair FPGA Config Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair FLASH Write Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal opera 37 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR tion This fault would cause erratic operation at the next power cycling since important parameters could be corrupt The unit should be retur
103. d to oper ate on your network and you are ready to check operation of the Meridian over the network If not you should re check your configuration and or repeat the netconfig procedure If you have configured a nameserver s for your network you may check that by issuing this shell command Meridian GPS root gsys gt cat etc resolv conf search your domain nameserver 192 168 1 1 nameserver 192 168 1 2 Which displays the contents of the etc resolv conf file containing your domain name and the nam eserver IP address es to use for that domain Check Network Operation With your Meridian network parameters properly configured you are ready to test the setup us ing ping from a server or workstation that is able to access the network connected to the Meridian 16 Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Alternatively you could ping one of your servers or workstations from the Meridian shell prompt to test the setup Once you have successfully established network communications with the Meridian you may per form all maintenance and monitoring activities via telnet and tp The Meridian provides both client and server operation using telnet For security reasons as well as to reduce the memory footprint in the Meridian only client operation is supported using tp Security conscious users will want to use ssh the secure shell replacement for telnet as the login means The companion utility sep provides a secure replaceme
104. de the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trap2sink or informsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure notifications and informs to each destination the enterprise notification inform generation mechanism of the Meridian will only send a notification to the last declared trap2sink and an inform to the last declared informsink in the file IMPORTANT After editing ete snmpd conf you must copy it to the boot ete directory and re boot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file readable only by root so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete directory are cop ied to the working ete directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten If you are planning to use SNMPv3 you should definitely make use of the two resources mentioned previously NET SNMP website and Essential SNMP and study them carefully There are rather elaborate configuration options available when you are using v3 The instruction presented here will 8 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX C give you the flavor of the configuration but definitely not the full scope of possibilities To access your Meridian via v3 of SNMP you will have to configure two files etc sampd conf boot net snmp snmpd conf The first file contains static confi
105. dnight number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing S is the Signal Processor State one of 0 Acquiring 1 GPS Locking 2 GPS Locked N is the number of GPS satellites being tracked 0 to 8 VCDAC _ is the oscillator Voltage Control DAC word 0 to 1048575 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 320000 to 640000 SN R is the carrier Signal to Noise Ratio 0 00 to 99 9 measured in dB in the GPS data rate bandwidth Typical range is 30 to 45 FLTS is the fault status which displays the current summary status of the GPS timing subsystem The summary status is contained in sixteen bits which are displayed in four hexadecimal characters Assertion of any of these bits will also be indicated by illumination of the red LED Each bit of each character indicates the status of a subsystem component HE Jes Jeon Jen Jeo S Char 0 FLASH Write FPGA Config No Signal DAC Control Fault Fault Time Out Over Range No Polling Events Time Input Fault GPS Comm Fault Power B Fault Power A Fault DAC Control Over Range This bit indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS sig nal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the en
106. e These buffered outputs can provide synchronization of equip ment such as synchronized generators digital fault recorders SCADA systems and time displays and are suitable for recording onto magnetic tape or for transmission over another medium such as coaxial cable Available timecode formats are IRIG B120 IEEE 1344 IRIG B122 IRIG B123 NASA 36 or 2137 All four output connectors use the same code format The format is identical to that of the Receiver CPU Module AM Code output which is set via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O gt Code Out Alternatively you can change the timecode format via the network or serial port by using console command cpuoptsconf ig see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications The rear panel outputs are identi fied as OUTPUT A through D as shown below OUTPUT C OUTPUT D ANALOG TIMECODE BUFFER OUTPUT A OUTPUT B gt A O A A ooa 62 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS Sine Wave Output Module The Sine Wave Output Module is an option that adds four frequency outputs to your Meridian Time Base This module is intended for those wanting sine wave outputs without the need for the high performance low phase noise Up to five of these modules can be installed The first one needs to be installed and configured at the factory Additional modules can be installed in the field as
107. e secret key s for each of the users and delete the createUser lines from the file It will then write the secret key s to the file These lines begin with the string usmuser In this way un encrypted passwords are not stored on the system IMPORTANT To generate new keys stop the snmpa process delete the existing usmUser key lines from the file boot net snmp snmpd conf and then add new createuser lines Then re boot the system This example gives the simplest configuration to begin using SNMPv3 but doesn t make use of the full capabilities of the VACM in defining groups and views for fine grained access control The fac tory default etc snmpd conf file contains commented blocks of lines that can be uncommented to give you a basic configuration that uses the User based Security Model USM described in RFC 2274 and the View based Access Control Model VACM described in RFC 2275 The comments included in the file should help you in modifying it for your specific requirements 83 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX C 84 Meridian User Manual Linux Operating System EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES AppendixD Security Your Meridian TimeBase incorporates several important security features to prevent unauthorized tampering with its operation Many of these are standard multiple user access control features of the underlying Linux operating system which controls the Meridian Others are provided by the addi tional protocol servers se
108. e Build Out J1 Framing Mode J1 Alarm Mode J1 Line Build Out El Framing Mode El Alarm Mode Comp Clock Line Code Comp Clock Alarm Mode PANEL OUTPUTS Unframed SF D4 and ESF CRC6 N A None AIS SSM 1 133 feet 133 266 feet 266 399 feet 399 533 feet 533 655 feet SF D4 ESF CRC6 None AIS 0 655 feet Unframed FAS Double Frame CRC4 Multi Frame N A None AIS SSM AMI AMI with 8kHz BPV AMI with 8kHz BPV 400Hz non BPV N A None AIS Alarm Mode not applicable when unframed all ones T1 USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS 8 ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL FRAMING ALARM ALARM STATE FRAMING SSM STATE SSM Message UNFRAMED NONE All 1 s N A N A ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A SF D4 NONE SF D4 N A N A ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE SF D4 N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A SF D4 NONE SF D4 N A N A ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All 0 s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchroniz
109. e Meridian server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Meridian server with MDS authentication By default 97 Meridian User Manual Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup APPENDIX F the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Meridian By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition From a console window after issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Meridian server If you see bad you should wait a few
110. e a one second jump in time when a leap second insertion occurs If the PTP slave does not account for this it will also jump Avoid this by using PTP time mode 114 Meridian User Manual PTP IEEE 1588 PTP Software License PTP as implemented in the Meridian is coverd by patents and copyrights See the IEEE Standards Association at http standards ieee org db patents pat1390 html for patents that pertain the the Std No 1588 Information about the PTP Project led by Kendall Correll can be found at ptpd sourceforge net The distribution and usage of the PTP software is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation The following copyright notice applies to all files which compose the PTPd This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included each file Copyright c 2005 2008 Kendall Correll Aidan Williams Permission to use copy modify and or distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRAN TIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENC
111. e de Sins Shree ao 7020 Network Setup Optional Nip ES aa elect le ol a ety ee itech al 0 PTP Menu Optional 29 A ob eee a ea cu Dean en Co AR apter Four Control and Status Commands 31 General Linux Shell Operation 3 Available User Commands 32 Detailed Command Descriptions 34 D LE A ld ee 34 34 LL Sa ee EE A cpuopis cpuopisconfig cpusertimeconfig aha aA A cool ee ae a Dress AO PL I xs ons cnr A DE SR ease EE OT D 35 35 36 36 38
112. easured relative to UTC as maintained by the United States Naval Observa tory USNO and maintained synchronous with UTC USNO except that it does not suffer from the periodic insertion of leap seconds Such discontinuities would unnecessarily complicate the system s navigation mission Contained in the data transmitted from each satellite is the current offset between GPS time and UTC USNO This offset is composed of the current integer number of leap seconds difference and a small residual error that is typically less than 10 nanoseconds Each satellite in the constellation contains redundant cesium beam or rubidium vapor atomic frequen cy standards These provide the timebase for all transmissions from each satellite These transmis sions are monitored from ground stations located around the world and carefully measured relative to GPS time The results of these measurements for each satellite are then uploaded to that satellite so 2 Meridian User Manual Where to Use It that they may be incorporated into the data contained in its transmissions The receiver can use this data to relate the time of arrival of the received transmissions from that satellite to GPS time All of this means that during normal operation the source of the timing information being transmit ted from each of the satellites is directly traceable to UTC Due to the nature of the GPS spread spectrum Code Division Multiple Access CDMA modulation scheme this timing
113. ed for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of 107 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX I the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include any thing that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components com piler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a de
114. edies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies EndRun Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory EndRun Contact Information Address EndRun Technologies 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa California 95407 U S A Phone 707 573 8633 Fax 707 573 8619 Sales 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 sales endruntechnologies com Support 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 support endruntechnologies com Meridian User Manual Meridian User Manual Table of Contents Preface E aap aut al ays 2 PE gauss i AA O i Trademark Acknowledgements i About This Manual ida ii LCL E acy ak eat ath ah dai ee ii Limitation of Warranty piece ey es cael ocr tee Wei en sc M ii Warranty Repair a ae A cane E VIA nt cc ili Repair After Warranty Expiration ili Limitation of Liability AS iii EndRun Contact Information sir it iS A A es ili Chapter One Introduction 1 Main S an A ee 1 O RN 1 Highly Reliable Modular Design 1 Standard Features vaio AS A A Lan FOI Ns 2 Secure Network Interface 2 Free FLASH Upgrades 4 ste AA od aaa 2 GPS Timing How It Works 0 2er ae AE eke eae
115. er supplies It indicates the operational status of the secondary supply regardless of whether it is supplying the internal chassis power The example response indicates that there has been a period without tracking a GPS signal that ex ceeded the time out period that there was a FLASH Write Fault and that there is an Antenna Fault Query gpsstat Meridian response LOCKED TFOM 4 2001 092 04 48 56 347916732 13 13 2 7 28605 41 6 008A gpstrkstat This command displays the current GPS subsystem satellite tracking status A list of eight satellite numbers is displayed one for each receiver channel Satellite number 0 is an invalid number and indicates that no satellite is being tracked on that channel Valid satellite numbers range from to 32 Query gpstrkstat Meridian response CURRENT SVs TRKD 08 11 13 22 31 00 00 00 gpsversion This command displays the firmware and hardware versions of the GPS subsystem Query gpsversion Meridian response F W 1 00 FPGA 0202 38 Meridian User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS gsyshwaddr This command displays the ethernet hardware address if the IP network is properly configured Oth erwise it returns nothing Query gsyshwaddr Meridian response 00 D0 C9 25 78 59 gsysosctype This command displays the installed oscillator type It is one of TCXO MS OCXO HS OCXO US OCXO Rb or HS Rb The standard oscillator is the TCXO Query gsysosctype Meridian response Installed Oscillator
116. etard the clock in order to correct for antenna cable length or to compensate for the inherent time offsets that may exist with external hardware such as distribution amplifiers etc Clock Calibration range is 500 000 microseconds TFOM Fault Level The TFOM Fault Level is the threshold at which a signal loss fault will be asserted See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information The factory default for the TFOM Fault Level is 9 which is also the maximum TFOM value By changing the TFOM Fault Level you control the point at which the time error will produce a signal loss fault which then creates an alarm condition Antenna Fault Mask This setting allows you to prevent the antenna fault from creating an alarm conditon Some instal lations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters or DC blocks that confuse the antenna detection circuit Signal Loss Fault Mask This setting allows you to prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition Some installa tions may need to mask this fault when operating the NTP server as a Stratum 2 server Clock Menu The Clock Menu provides access to the parameters related to timekeeping These are Time Mode Local Offset Hours Format and Daylight Savings Time These displays are described below Time Mode Time mode defines the time format used for the front panel time display time code output and optional Serial Time output The time mode does not
117. fier will report either GPS or ATOM GPS is reported when the system starts and when locked to GPS ATOM is only reported when the oscillator type in the Meridian is a Rubidium The PTP Stratum will report either 1 2 3 or 255 The identifier and the calculated offset to UTC determines the PTP Stratum as shown below Identifier PTP Stratum Offset to UTC GPS or ATOM P lt 25nanosecs GPS or ATOM Po 100 nanosecs 1 2 The PTP leap 59 and leap 61 report either TRUE or FALSE FALSE is reported when no leap inser tion or deletion is pending The leap 61 reports TRUE on the day of a leap second insertion The leap_59 is TRUE on the day of a leap second deletion About the PTP Second and UTC Time The PTP time mode selections are PTP and UTC The IEEE 1588 standard defines the PTP epoch beginning at 0 hours on 1 January 1970 The time measured since this epoch is designated in the standard as PTP seconds The PTP second is monotonic and does not include leap seconds Unlike PTP the UTC second is not monotonic that is from time to time there will be leap second insertions The last second of a leap day is 23 59 60 making the day one second longer than a normal day ending at 23 59 59 PTP Second When the PTP time mode is set to PTP then the slave clocks must utilize the current leap second and leap second pending flags leap_59 or leap_61 to convert the PTP second to UTC UTC Time When the PTP time mode is set to UTC then there will b
118. for 1PPS Output Timecode Output Setup The Code Out display allows you to select the timecode format Factory default is normally IRIG B122 See details in Appendix K Specifications for the AM Code Output Programmable TTL Setup The ProgTTL display allows you to select a pulse rate for the optional Programmable TTL output Many pulse rates are available from 1PPS to 10MPPS or a digital time code See details in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs or Appendix K Specifications for the Optional Programmable TTL Pulse Rate Output Synthesizer DDS Setup The Synthesizer display allows you to select the rate for the optional Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS Output See details in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs or Appendix K Specifica tions for the Optional Programmable TTL Pulse Rate Output Synthesized Rate Serial Time Output Setup The Serial Time Output display allows you to set up the parameters for the optional once per second serial time output Format baud rate and parity are all user selectable See details in Chapter 6 Op tional Rear Panel Outputs or Appendix K Specifications for the Optional Serial Time Output Display Setup This display is selected from the Main Menu and contains parameters related to the functioning of the front panel vacuum fluorescent display There are two parameters an intensity setting and a screen saver setting The intensity setting allows you to set the brightness level of the
119. gine Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC 76 Meridian User Manual Problems with the GPS Upgrade UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE Control X will abort download After about 3 seconds you should see a capital C character appear When you do hit the lt enter gt key Now the script will initiate the XMODEM file transfer and display this message to the console Starting file upload should take about 60 seconds After about one minute you should see this message from the script sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat lt dev arm_user You should see the GPS sub system startup message now If not you may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure The first message should be ignored It is only reporting that one of the intermediate processes of the script execution has been terminated The next message informs you that the GPS engine file transfer has completed and that its start up messages should appear First the bootloader message will ap pear Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 In about ten seconds the GPS engine application start up messages should appear FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPGA 6020 0005 000 v 0202 The firmware version should match that of the binary file that you uploaded At this point the up gradegps script terminates its execution and you will again have the standard Meridian console prompt
120. gth and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container Our policy is to fix or repair the unit within 5 business days If it is necessary to order parts or if other circumstances arise that require more than 5 days an EndRun service technician will contact you Repair After Warranty Expiration If the warranty period has expired we offer repair services for equipment you have purchased from EndRun Call and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many prob lems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that the equipment has failed and you want EndRun to perform the repairs we will issue you an RMA number Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Customer is responsible for shipping costs to and from EndRun Technologies Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container After the equipment has been received we will evaluate the nature of the problem and contact you with the cost to repair parts and labor and an estimate of the time neces sary to complete the work Limitation of Liability The rem
121. guration parameters that the agent uses to control access and to determine where to send notifications traps Other aspects of the agent s operation are also configu rable in this file but you should not need to modify those To use the SNMPv3 capabilities of the Meridian you must first set up user information and access limits for those users in etc snmpd conf Uncomment and edit these two lines to define your v3 users and their access parameters rwuser root priv 1 rouser meridianuser auth 1 3 6 1 4 1 13827 The first line defines a SNMPv3 read write user root whose minimum security level will be authenticated and encrypted for privacy choices are noauth auth and priv and who will have read write access to the entire iso branch of the SMI object tree The sec ond line defines a SNMPv3 read only user meridianuser whose minimum security level will be authenticated but not encrypted and who will have read only access to the entire iso 1 org 3 dod 6 internet 1 private 4 enterprises 1 endRunTechnologiesMIB 13827 branch of the SMI object tree After adding the user lines to etc snmpd conf copy it to the boot etc directory using cp p The second file is located on the non volatile FLASH disk and is used by the SNMP agent to store persistent data that may be dynamic in nature This may include the values of the MIB II variables sysLocation sysContact and sysName as well as any configured SNMPv3 user crypto keys In order
122. he EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may con tinue to read the status and current settings of the Meridian Refer to the kplockstat and lock outkp commands Set unlockkp Meridian response Front panel keypad EDIT key enabled updaterootflag This command allows the user to update the configuration of the Linux bootloader after a new root file system image has been uploaded to the UPGRADE root file system partition dev rootfs_1 of the Meridian FLASH disk It may also be used to reset the default back to the FACTORY root file sys tem partition Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for perform ing the upgrade procedure One argument is accepted whose value is either 0 or 1 causing a flag to be set that will indicate to the bootloader which root file system image should be loaded by default If an argument value of 2 is given then the currently configured default root file system is shown Set updaterootflag 1 Meridian response UPGRADE is the default root file system Query updaterootflag 2 Meridian response UPGRADE is the default root file system upgradegps This script allows the user to upgrade the GPS subsystem firmware It requires one argument the path to the binary file to be uploaded to the GPS engine It issues the commands over the serial 45 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR port to the GPS subsystem that
123. he display will show an active indicator 25 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER THREE Option 1 0 Menu The Option I O Menu provides access to the information and user settings related to the rear panel VO connectors In addition to the standard CPU module each Meridian has five plug in option slots Each slot has an associated display for status and setup Slots are numbered left to right with Slot 1 being the first plug in location next to the CPU module If an option slot is empty the display will indicate Empty 1 5 When an option card is installed the display will show OptCard 1 5 Select CPU I O to view status and setup information for the CPU module outputs Select an option slot 1 e OptCard4 to view status and setup information for that particular option card Refer to Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information regarding the various option cards CPU 1 0 Menu The CPU I O Menu provides access to the setup displays for the 1PPS Pulse Width the Timecode Output Format and the optional Programmable TTL Output and Synthesizer Displays for the stan dard Meridian outputs 1 PPS and Timecode are described below For information on the optional Meridian outputs plus the different option cards see Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs 1PPS Output Setup The 1PPS Setup display allows you to select the pulse width for the 1PPS output Factory default is normally 1 millisecond wide See details in Appendix K Specifications
124. he inetd daemon itself and in telnetd Any one or all of these may be enabled or disabled for start up The secure shell protocol server running in the Meridian is based on the portable OpenSSH for Linux As such it supports both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol versions For more information about this proto col and to obtain client software refer to the OpenSSH website http www openssh com An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various SSH implementations including OpenSSH is available from O Reilley amp Associates SSH The Secure Shell Barrett amp Silverman O Reilley amp Associates 2001 86 Meridian User Manual Network Time Protocol SECURITY In the interest of conserving scarce system memory resources only the secure shell server daemon sshd and the secure copy utility sep are implemented in the Meridian This means that users on remote hosts may log in to the Meridian via an ssh client but users logged in on the Meridian are unable to log in to a remote host via ssh Since sep runs in concert with an ssh client the same limitations exist for its use i e users on remote hosts may transfer files to and from the Meridian via scp over ssh but users logged in on the Meridian are unable to transfer files to and from a remote host via sep over ssh The factory configuration contains a complete set of security keys for both SSH1 and SSH2 versions of the protocol RSA keys are supported by both ver
125. he items using the shipment packing list Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged The Meridian shipment typically contains e Meridian part 3019 000 1 000 or 3019 variant e Meridian User Manual part USM3019 0000 000 TEC 320 AC Power Cord part 050 1 0003 000 This part will not be present if using the DC power option DB9F to DB9F Null Modem Serial I O Cable part 0501 0002 000 RJ 45 to RJ 45 CAT S patch cable 2 meters part 0501 0000 000 e Antenna cable assembly part 0610 0009 001 or 0610 variant 5 Meridian User Manual Meridian Physical Description CHAPTER TWO O syne O das gt O eros o Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase One Q Sync LED This green LED flashes to indicate synchronization status Network LED This amber LED illuminates when the Meridian is connected to the network and flashes when receiving or transmitting packets Alarm LED This red LED illuminates briefly at power up and thereafter whenever a serious fault condition exists 99 Sala coeg fndfiva Fremde Antenna Jack RS 232 Connector 10 100Base T Jack 1PPS Jack AM Code Jack Alarm Jack Option This TNC connector mates with the downlead cable from the external antenna This DB 9M connector provides the RS 232 serial I O console interface to the Meridian This console allows the user
126. hnologies RJ48C clock output connector in which pins 4 and 5 provide the BITS clock signal while pins 1 2 3 6 7 and 8 are not connected 68 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS Cable 655 ft maximum A 10 ft T1 crossover cable manufactured by Stonewall Cable P N SC 9598 X is a good cable for initial testing and typical T1 El or 64kCC installations For other lengths or connector configura tions use equivalent T1 or El cable qualified to match clock type T1 cable is compatible with El signals for short runs Over 10 ft use cable specified to match the application Either cable type can be used for 64kCC signals Meridian User Manual 69 CHAPTER SIX 70 Meridian User Manual EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES Appendix A Time Figure of Merit TFOM This appendix describes the Time Figure of Merit TFOM number The Meridian displays this num ber on the front panel via the Receiver Status display see Chapter 3 The TFOM is also printed out in the time of day fields printed by the Meridian gpsstat and gntpstat commands see Chapter 4 The TFOM number indicates the level of accuracy that should be included in the interpretation of the time of day and ranges from 3 to 9 time error is lt 100 nanoseconds time error is lt microseconds time error is lt 10 microseconds time error is lt 100 microseconds time error is lt 1 milliseconds time error is lt 10 milliseconds time error is gt 1
127. ian to the rear panel mounted RJ 45 connector labeled 10 100BASE T Connect the other end of the patch cable to your network through a straight port on your hub Do not connect it to a crossover port on your hub By factory default the Meridian will attempt to configure the ethernet interface automatically via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP The Meridian will attempt to set the netmask its IP address the IP address of the default gateway the domain name and the IP addresses of any nameservers if the DHCP server is configured to provide them You may optionally configure the Meridian to also set its hostname via DHCP if your DHCP server is configured to provide it You can do this by running a simple shell script called netconfig after your unit is up on the network If your network does use DHCP for host configuration and you are in a hurry to get your Meridian up and running you may procede to Verifying Network Configuration to make sure that the network parameters were set up correctly Otherwise it is recommended that you read the following sections on use of the RS 232 serial I O port now since they will help you in debugging any problems that you may encounter with the automatic configuration via DHCP Meridian User Manual CHAPTER TWO If your network does not use DHCP you will need to configure your ethernet interface using either the front panel keypad or the RS 232 serial I O port The following
128. icates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been equal to the TFOM Fault Level see the Receiver Menu gt TFOM Faultl Level This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an antenna blockage If the condition persists indefinitely the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair DAC DAC Control Over Range This fault indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 880000 or low 160000 limit while locked to the GPS signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the customer s convenience ANT Antenna Cable This fault indicates that the GPS antenna cable is either shorted or open circuit Check all antenna connections and cable integrity if this fault should occur POLL No Polling Events This fault indicates that the GPS timing subsystem is not receiving polling requests from the NTP subsystem This could be due to a hardware or
129. ide address information Network6 Setup Optional This display is only available if your Meridian has been configured with IPv6 It is selected from the Main Menu and provides the ability to view and modify the IPv6 network settings Refer to Appen dix H IPv6 Information NTP Menu The NTP Menu is selected from the Main Menu and provides access to the NTP Status and NTP Setup displays described below NTP Status This display provides information associated with the NTP subsystem NTP STATUS Stratum 1 Offset 0 0000007 sec Source GPS LI Bits None Stratum This stratum field has three possible values Stratum 1 The server is fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 2 The server is synchronized to a stratum server with IP address shown in Source Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server Source The synchronization source is named here For the Meridian the source is GPS IP address of upstream source or none Offset The NTP offset indicates the accuracy of the NTP system clock relative to the GPS subsystem clock Initially if the offset between the NTP system clock and the GPS subsystem clock is large the display will indicate not available After the GPS subsystem locks the NTP clock will synchronize to the GPS subsystem Once synchronization is complete the typical offsets will range over approximately 1 microsecond 28 Meridian User Manual FR
130. iguration Set PTP preferred TRUE FALSE TRUE PTP sync_interval Configuration Set the PTP sync_interval in seconds 1 2 8 16 64 2 PTP subdomain name Configuration Set the PTP subdomain name DFLT ALT1 ALT2 ALT3 DFLT PTP time_mode configuration Set the PTP time_mode UTC or PTP PTP 112 Meridian User Manual PTP IEEE 1588 LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 The Meridian Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 Now re boot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now PTP Status Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The gptpstat command allows the user to query the status ofthe PTP subsystem The ptpd daemon running on the system updates the var log ptp monitor every five seconds under normal operation This logfile is parsed and formated to provide the status string having these fields PTPMODE CKID Stratum SSS PPPPP SDOM II LL TMD V Where PTPMODE is the PTP port state either Master or Passive CKID is the sync identifier either ATOM or GPS SSS is the PTP stratum either 1 2 3 or 255 where 1 implies an error of lt 25 ns
131. ilor the unit to support your applications 1 Meridian User Manual GPS Timing How It Works CHAPTER ONE Standard Features In addition to sourcing a precision 1PPS timing reference and an IRIG B timecode output your Me ridian TimeBase includes a network port with high bandwidth Network Time Protocol NTP The Meridian TimeBase incorporates a vibrant 16x280 dot matrix vacuum fluorescent display and a user friendly keypad design for control and status monitoring The Meridian can also be managed via the network port or a local console on the RS 232 serial port See Chapter 3 Front Panel Display and Keypad Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands and Chapter 5 NTP for more information Secure Network Interface An ethernet port is provided as a standard feature of the Meridian TimeBase with a wide variety of protocols including NTP SNMP with Enterprise MIB SSH TELNET FTP and SNTP Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation for information to help you set up your network interface The inclu sion of SNMP v3 and SSH provides a very secure network interface and allows you to safely perform monitoring and maintenance activities over the network Security conscious users can also disable any or all of the risky protocols such as Telnet Time and Daytime In addition access via SSH SNMP and Telnet can be restricted to specific hosts Refer to Appendix C SNMP and Appendix D Security for further information Free FLASH Upgrades Firmware
132. information may be extracted by a well designed receiver with a precision of a few nanoseconds The GPS time and frequency engine in the Meridian does just that Since signals from the GPS satellites are available at all locations on the globe you may deploy the Meridian virtually anywhere However you must be able to install an antenna with good sky vis ibility preferably on the rooftop Once synchronized the Meridian can maintain acceptable network synchronization accuracy for about a day without GPS reception by flywheeling on its standard tem perature compensated crystal oscillator TCXO For improved holdover for those using the Merid lan as a frequency standard several oscillator upgrades are available 3 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER ONE 4 Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO OO TECHNOLOGIES Checking and Identifying the Hardware Chapter Two Basic Installation This chapter will guide you through the most basic checkout and physical installation of your Merid ian Precision GPS TimeBase Subsequent chapters and appendices will give you the information needed to configure your installation for the maximum performance in your operating environment Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essential When operating your Meridian with its standard network interface basic familiarity with TCP IP protocols like ping telnet and tp is required Unpack and check all t
133. is in knots Field 7 0 14 Speed over ground km hr Field 8 K Fixed text K shows speed over ground is in km hr Field 9 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 74 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt ZDA Time and Date The ZDA sentence identifies the time associated with the current 1PPS pulse Each sentence is transmitted within 500 milliseconds after the 1PPS pulse is output and tells the time of the pulse that just occurred If the Meridian is unsynchronized then this sentence will be composed of null fields Examples are below GPZDA 48 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPZDA 175658 00 20 05 2008 07 00 69 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPZDA Field 1 175658 00 UTC time at 1PPS hhmmss ss Field 2 20 Day 01 to 31 Field 3 05 Month 01 to 12 Field 4 2008 Year 1980 to 2079 Field 5 07 Local zone hour offset from UTC for east longitude Field 6 00 Local zone minutes offset from UTC Checksum 69 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt O ee Meridian User Manual Plug In Module Options OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS Alarm Output The Alarm Output Option provides an open collector output that indicates when the GPS receiver has lost lock or when serious hardware faults are detected For a detailed description of the faults see the Faults section in Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display There is no user interface control for this option Care should be taken not to directly connect this open collector output to a voltage source
134. ix status latitude longitude and date Examples are below GPRMC V 55555 N 53 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPRMC 17383 1 00 A 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 0 08 158 14 200508 A 0D lt CR gt lt LF gt Mag ID GPRMC Field 1 173831 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 A GPS receiver warning A data valid V data not valid Field 3 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 4 N Direction of latitude N north S south 59 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX Field 5 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 6 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 7 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 8 158 14 Course made good degrees True Field 9 200508 Date of fix ddmmyy Field 10 empty field Magnetic variation Field 11 empty field Direction of magnetic variation Field 12 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 0D Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt VTG Course Over Ground and Ground Speed The VTG sentence identifies the actual course and speed relative to the ground Course over ground degrees Magnetic is not available Examples are below GPVTG T N K N 61 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPVTG 158 14 T 0 08 N 0 14 K A 74 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPVTG Field 1 158 14 Course over ground Field 2 T Fixed text T shows degree True Field 3 empty field Course over ground not available Field 4 empty field Degrees Magnetic not available Field 5 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 6 N Fixed text N shows speed over ground
135. l Timecode Formats If you have selected timecode as the output on the Digital Buffer Module then its format will be the same format as that on the standard Receiver CPU Module AM Code connector This format can be changed via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O gt Code Out see Chapter 3 Alternatively you can change the timecode format via the network or serial port by using console command cpuoptsconfig see Chapter 4 aoe gt Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS An additional upgrade to the Programmable Digital Buffer Module provides access to the DDS that is resident on the Meridian Receiver CPU Module Programmable synthesized pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1 PPS steps are available including 1 544 MPPS or 2 048 MPPS The pulse rate is phase locked to the system oscillator However the DDS output is not aligned with system time 61 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX If your Meridian has this option available then it will show up as SYNTH in the list of available selections for the Programmable Digital Buffer outputs The actual synthesizer frequency that is resi dent on the Meridian Receiver CPU Module is set via the front panel keypad by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O gt Synthesizer Alternatively you can change the synthesizer rate via the network or serial port by using console command cpuoptsconfig see Chapter 4 Digital B
136. l block provides connection to the DC power source and replaces the AC power input jack See details in Appendix K Specifications 9 eff This option provides an additional power supply which is permanently installed in two of the option slots The two power supplies which may be any combination of AC input or DC input power options are not field swappable Power Supply A primary and Power Supply B secondary are connected in a dual redundant configuration with hitless automatic A to B and B to A switchover The chassis is sourced from Power Supply A as long as it is operational and is supplied with external power Meridian User Manual Performing an Initial Site Survey Installing the Meridian CHAPTER TWO Using the status LED indicators it s easy to find out if your Meridian will work in your desired loca tion 1 Mount the antenna on the roof using the supplied mounting hardware Make sure that it is not blocked by large metallic objects closer than one meter 2 Screw the TNC plug on the end of the antenna cable onto the TNC antenna input jack on the chas sis rear panel of the Meridian 3 Plug one end of the supplied AC power cord into an 85 270 VAC outlet 4 Plug the other end into the AC input connector on the chassis rear panel of the Meridian Initially upon power up 1 The unit will light the red Alarm Status LED for about ten seconds 2 Then it will continuously light the green Sync Stat
137. l has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way After you have entered your password the system message will be displayed You should notice that it now indicates the software version and date of the upgrade that you previously downloaded You can also check this at any time by issuing gsysversion which will cause the system message to be re displayed You can also check to see which root file system image the system is currently booted under by issu ing this command at the shell prompt gsysrootfs Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOT_IMAGE MeridianGPS_1 If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed the upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to telnet or ssh into the system after 30 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt or that you forgot to set your FTP download file mode to binary when 74 Meridian User Manual Recovering from a Failed Upgrade Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE downloading the file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transferring it to the Meridian To restore your Meridian to a bootable state using the factory root file system you must use the serial T O port and re boot the Meridian by cycling the power For setup details refer to sections Connect the Serial I O Port and Test the
138. lected for inclusion in your Meridian and the way that they are configured Secure user authentication and session privacy while performing routine monitoring and mainte nance tasks are provided by the OpenSSH implementations of the secure shell daemon sshd and its companion secure copy utility sep The NET SNMP implementation of the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP daemon snmpd conforms to the latest Internet standard known as SNMPv3 which also supports secure user authentication and session privacy In addition the Network Time Protocol daemon ntpd supports client server authentication security measures to deter spoofing of NTP clients by rogue NTP servers This appendix describes these security measures and gives the advanced network administrator information that will allow custom configuration to fit specific security needs The embedded Linux operating system running in the Meridian is based on kernel version 2 4 26 and version 10 of the Slackware Linux distribution As such it supports a complete set of security provi sions e System passwords are kept in an encrypted file etc shadow which is not accessible by users other than root e Direct root logins are only permitted on the local RS 232 console or via SSH e The secure copy utility sep eliminates the need to use the insecure tp protocol for transferring program updates to the Meridian e Access via SNMP is configurable to provide the security of
139. length generally grossly unsynchronized states could cause the floating offset field to overflow momentarily string having these fields LKSTAT TO GPS Offset S ssssss TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS 39 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Where LKSTAT is the system peer status of the NTP daemon relative to the GPS subsystem engine either LOCKED or NOTLKD NOTLKD can imply several things the system has just started there is a fault in the GPS subsystem which has caused NTP to either be unable to obtain timing information from the GPS subsystem or to reject the timing information that it is obtaining from it S ssssss is the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the GPS subsystem clock Positive implies that the system clock is ahead of the GPS subsystem clock TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS I A Lh BW YEAR is the year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver
140. lish a new reference position Once the receiver has computed a new accurate reference position the position source will change from unknown to average User Selecting user will allow you to enter a position It is very important that the new reference position be accurate GPS Dynamic Mode The GPS dynamic mode setting affects the position value used by the system to derive accurate time synchronization In dynamic mode the average position is the current position i e there is no pos 23 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER THREE tion averaging Set the mode to static when the instrument is in a static installation Set the mode to dynamic if the instrument is installed on a moving platform such as a ship or aircraft The accuracy and stability specifications in Appendix K Specifications assume a stationary plat form and an antenna with a full view of the sky Accuracy and stability performance will degrade in dynamic mode Last Fix Position This display provides the last computed GPS position When tracking four or more satellites the GPS receiver provides a 3D position fix When only three satellites are in view this will drop to a 2D position fix The last fix position is normally less accurate than the reference position but it does provide a good indication that the receiver is working properly Position is provided in latitude longitude and height Oscillator Status This display provides the oscill
141. marter Timing Solutions 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 TEL 1 877 749 3878 FAX 707 573 8619 www endruntechnologies com
142. ming Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring TRAIM for the utmost in reliability during any GPS system faults In addition single satellite operation is possible once an initial accurate position has been determined When the dynamic mode is ON only a very minimal TRAIM algorithm is in effect because the ac curate reference position is not static In addition a minimum of four satellites must be visible and only 3 D position fixes are used When the dynamic mode is ON the source reported for the accurate reference position by gpsrefpos is set to DYN Bs Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Query gpsdynmode Meridian response OFF The accuracy and stability specifications in Appendix K Specifications assume a stationary plat form and an antenna with a full view of the sky Accuracy and stability performance will degrade in dynamic mode gpsrefpos This command displays the current GPS subsystem reference position The source of the position which is one of UNK unknown DYN dynamic USR user entered or AVG 24 hour average of GPS fixes is displayed first The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters follow Query gpsrefpos Meridian response CURRENT REFERENCE POSITION AVG N38d26m36 11s W122d42m56 50s 00032 5 meters gpsstat This command allows the user to query the status of the GPS timing subsystem During normal op eration the NT
143. mmunicate with the Meridian By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand 99 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX F associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Meridian server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the windows system32 drivers ete ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or scp this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the windows system3
144. mware for the Merid ian itself This firmware executes on the IBM compatible CPU and contains the embedded Linux operating system and NTP specific application software The other file is the firmware for the GPS time and frequency subsystem Each of these files may be upgraded independently although some upgrades require both images to be modified together You will need to use tp or sep to transfer the binary image file s to the Meridian This means that you must place the previously downloaded file s in a place on your network which is accessible to the Meridian There are two FLASH disk partitions which hold the compressed Linux root file system images These partitions are raw FLASH blocks have no file system and may not be mounted They are ac cessed through low level devices To protect the factory root file system from accidental erasure or over writing the device node has been deleted The upgrade FLASH disk partition is accessed via dev rootfs_1 When performing an upgrade you will be copying the new image to this device Some browsers will automatically unzip the file when downloading from the website Please make sure that the downloaded file size matches what the website says it should be Upgrading the partition with a too large file size will cause problems To perform the upgrade log in as the root user to the Meridian using the local console serial I O port telnet Or ssh and perform these operations First erase the upg
145. nce in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense co Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Mount the Meridian Using standard 19 rack mounting hardware mount the unit in the desired location After mounting the unit and connecting the antenna cable verify that it still acquires and tracks a GPS signal Ground the unit properly with the supplied power cord Position the power cord so that you can easily disconnect it from the Meridian Do not install the Meridian where the operating ambient temperature might exceed 122 F 50 C Connecting the DC Power Option Connect the safety ground terminal to earth ground Connect the terminal to the positive output of the DC power source Connect the terminal to the negative output of the DC power source Note that the Meridian has a floating internal power supply therefore either the positive or negative output of the DC power source can be referenced to earth ground This unit will not operate if the connections are reversed however it will not be damaged by a reverse connection SHOCK ENERGY HAZARD Install in Restricted Access Location Use 10 14 AWG copper wire only Terminal block screw torque 9 in Ibs 1 nM Branch circuit must have circuit breaker 15A or less Install terminal block cover after wiring Connecting and Configuring Ethernet Connect one end of the CAT 5 patch cable supplied with your Merid
146. ne feed character Ox0A NENA Format NENA is the National Emergency Number Association This organization has adopted several ASCII time code formats for use in PSAPs Public Safety Answering Points and they are specified in the NENA PSAP Master Clock Standard Issue 4 These ASCII time code formats are NENA Format 0 NENAO NENA Format 1 NENA1 and NENA Format 8 NENAS NENAO lt CR gt lt LF gt Q DDD HH MM SS dTZ XX lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character A is the space character 0x20 DDD is the day of year 001 366 f is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O TZ XX is the time zone where XX is 00 through 23 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA1 lt CR gt lt LF gt QWWW DDMMMY Y HH MM SS lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition
147. ned to the factory for repair GPS Comm Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor is unable to establish commu nications with the GPS engine Please report this fault condition to the factory 1 877 749 3878 Time Input Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor received an erroneous time input from the GPS engine If the condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 No Polling Events This bit indicates that the GPS timing subsystem is not receiving poll ing request from the NTP subsystem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the con dition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Antenna Fault This bit indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under current condition Usually it means that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Meridian If the condition persists after checking the antenna downlead for obvious faults this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Power A Fault This bit is only used if the Meridian is configured with dual redundant power supplies It indicates the operational status of the primary supply regardless of whether it is supplying the internal chassis power Power B Fault This bit is only used if the Meridian is configured with dual redundant pow
148. nfiguring the Meridian as a Stratum 2 Server Operating the Meridian as a Stratum Server is the recommended mode You may operate the unit as a Stratum 2 server but since there are innumerable ways to configure your network with Stratum 2 servers specific insructions for how to do that are beyond the scope of this manual General instruc tions are Edit NTP CONF You must edit the ntp conf file in order to point your Stratum 2 server at a Stratum 1 server Edit etc ntp conf and add your server line s Here is an example server 192 168 1 1 IMPORTANT Do not remove the server lines for the refclock Even if your Time Server is not con nected to an antenna the refclock server lines must remain Now save the edited file and copy it to the non volatile flash partition with this command cp p etc ntp conf boot etc Mask Alarm In Stratum 1 operation an alarm will be indicated when there is a loss of signal or if the antenna is not connected For Stratum 2 operation you may not want to see these alarms You can mask them prevent them from showing by using the console port serial network commands setsigfltmask and setantfltmask On the front panel keypad display go to the Receiver sub menu Look for SigFltMask and AntFltMask and set them appropriately 52 Meridian User Manual EndRun A MO A TECHNOLOGIES CPU Module Options ChapterSix Optional Rear Panel Outputs Your Meridian Precision GPS TimeBase supports several outpu
149. nt for ftp as a means of transfer ring files to and from the Meridian Both of these protocols are supported in the Meridian via the OpenSSH implementations for Linux Refer to Appendix D Security for more information about the secure shell protocol Using Telnet When establishing a telnet connection with your Meridian logging in directly as root is not permit ted This is a security measure that makes it slightly more difficult to gain access by simply trying passwords since it is also necessary to know the name of a user When you initiate a telnet session with the Meridian this banner will be displayed LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 Welcome to Meridian GPS telnet console on gsys your domain LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 gsys login Here you may log in as gsysuser with password Praecis When logged in as gsysuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files After correctly entering the password at this prompt Password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Meridian GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Meridian GPS 6010
150. nter the key 1 31 ASCII characters Tempus GPS Writing key number 2 and Key Tempus_GPS to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 0 NTP Authentication Configuration Do you want authentication enabled using some or all of the keys in the ntp keys file yles nlo y You will be prompted for key numbers 1 65534 that you want NTP to trust The key numbers you enter must exist in your ntp keys file If you do not want to use some of the keys in your ntp keys file do not enter them here NTP will treat those keys as untrusted Clients that use any of the trusted keys in their NTP polling packets will receive authenticated replies from the Meridian GPS When you have entered all of the trusted keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number BO Meridian User Manual SETTING UP THE NTP SERVER Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit Ir Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit IN Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit lo NTP Broadcast Multicast Configuration Would you like to enable broadcast multicast server operation yles nlo y Set the network broadcast multicast address for the Meridian GPS to use For broadcast mode this address is the all 1 s address on the sub net Example 111 112 113 255 For multicast operation it is this specific address 224 0 1 1 Enter IP address for NTP broadcast multicast operation a
151. nual CHAPTER TWO sc520_wdt CBAR 0x800df 000 sc520_wdt MMCR Aliasing enabled sc520_wdt WDT driver for SC520 initialised RAMDISK driver initialized 16 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize pcnet32 c v1 28 02 20 2004 tsbogend alpha franken de PCI Enabling device 00 0d 0 0000 gt 0003 pcnet32 PCnet FAST III 79C973 at 0x1000 00 Oe fe 00 00 33 tx_start_pt 0x0c00 220 bytes BCR18 9a61 BurstWrEn BurstRdEn NoUFlow SRAMSIZE 0x1700 SRAM_BND 0x0800 assigned IRQ 12 eth0 registered as PCnet FAST III 79C973 pcnet32 1 cards_found Tempus SC520 flash device 1000000 at 2000000 Amd Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1 3 at 0x0040 number of CFI chips 1 Creating 7 MTD partitions on Tempus SC520 Flash Bank 0x00000000 0x000e0000 Tempus kernel mtd Giving out device 0 to Tempus kernel 0x000e0000 0x00100000 Tempus Lo BootLdr mtd Giving out device 1 to Tempus Lo BootLdr 0x00100000 0x00200000 Tempus boot mtd Giving out device 2 to Tempus boot 0x00200000 0x00300000 Tempus logs mtd Giving out device 3 to Tempus logs 0x00300000 0x00900000 Tempus FACTORY rootfs mtd Giving out device 4 to Tempus FACTORY rootfs 0x00900000 0x00fe0000 Tempus UPGRADE rootfs mtd Giving out device 5 to Tempus UPGRADE rootfs 0x00 e0000 0x01000000 Tempus Hi BootLdr mtd Giving out device 6 to Tempus Hi BootLdr NET4 Linux TCP IP 1 0 for NET4 0 IP Protocols ICMP UDP TCP IGMP IP
152. og ng conf file will cause the new IPv6 capable syslog ng daemon to be started instead of the previous syslogd klogd pair of daemons These two files remain on the system for backward compatibility with customers existing etc syslog conf setups but they are not IPv6 capable If you are not currently directing your system logs to a remote host or you are not using IPv6 then there is little or need or benefit to changing to syslog ng IPv4 Only Protocols There are several protocols which are not IPv6 capable telnet client and server ftp and dheped Due to their intrinsic insecurity telnet and ftp are repidly being deprecated and prob ably have little business running over an IPv6 network The address autoconfiguration capabilities of IPv6 make the DHCP protocol less important however it is likely that the new dhepv capability will appear in a future upgrade 104 Meridian User Manual GNU General Public License EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Third Party Software The Meridian is running several different software products created and or maintained by open source projects Open source software comes with its own license These are printed out for your information below The license for the GNU software project requires that we provide you with a copy of all source code covered under the GNU Public License GPL at your request Please contact us with your request and we will mail it to you on a CD We will charge you
153. on requires that a minimum of 4 or more satellites be in view The position is shown as latitude longitude and elevation Latitude and longitude are shown as hemisphere North South East West degrees minutes and seconds Eleva tion is shown in meters above the WGS 84 ellipsoid With a rooftop antenna installation that has an unobscured view of the sky the instrument will de termine position automatically Once determined the position information is saved in non volatile FLASH and will be restored after a power outage After position has been determined the instrument can achieve time lock with only one satellite In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit may not be able to determine its posi tion In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it either through the serial interface or via the front panel In addition to loading a new accurate refer ence position the user can also invalidate an existing one by setting the position source to unknown This will force the instrument to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite constel lation Push the EDIT key to start the process First select the reference position source Unknown Selecting unknown will cause the CALCULATE NEW POSITION AVERAGE confirmation display to appear Select YES The front panel will return to the GPS Reference Position display This action will force the unit to re estab
154. onds of the beginning of each second The output starts automatically on power up To configure this output use either the Serial Time Output Setup menu see Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display or the cpusertime and cpusert imeconfig commands see Chapter 4 Con trol and Status Commands There are several different formats for this string The format baud rate and parity can all be changed via the front panel keypad or via the console command cpusertimeconfig Baud rate selections are 57600 19200 9600 and 4800 Parity selections are odd even and none Format selections are Sysplex Truetime EndRun EndRunX NENA and NMEA Sysplex Format Sysplex means SYStem comPLEX and is a term used to describe computing on clusters of comput ers The Sysplex option is designed to provide time synchronization for an IBM Sysplex Timer It can also be used for precise time synchronization by any computers that do not use NTP and have an available serial port connection The time contained in this string format is always UTC time The following string is sent once each second 54 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR PANEL OUTPUTS lt SOH gt DDD HH MM SSQ lt CR gt lt LF gt lt SOH gt is the ASCII Start of Header character 0x01 DDD is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour SS is the second of the minute Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt sp
155. ore information on the various option boards Query pluginopts Meridian response Digital Buffer 2001 0004 012 NC is installed Port A Current Setting 10M PPS Port B Current Setting 5M PPS Port C Current Setting 10 PPS Port D Current Setting 10 PPS pluginoptsconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of any installed user selectable plug in option board outputs The user selectable outputs are all board specific For more information see Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Set pluginoptsconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started setantfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the GPS antenna fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent the antenna 43 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER FOUR fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters or DC blocks that confuse the antenna detection circuit The factory default setting is ENABLED Set antfltmask MASKED Meridian response Antenna Fault Mask set to MASKED setgpscaldelay This command starts an interactive shell script that allows the user to change the clock calibration delay This setting is used to advance or retard the clock in order to compensate for antenna cable length or other external hardware Allowable range is
156. ormation to the console help Prints help for Meridian commands not Linux inetdconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Meridian kplockstat Prints the front panel keypad lockout status lockoutkp Locks out access to the front panel keypad EDIT key netconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Meridian ntpconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the Meridian NTP subsystem Allows configuration of MDS au thentication and broadcast multicast mode All parameters are retained in non volatile FLASH disk storage ptpconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring parameters for the PTP IEEE 1588 protocol This command is only available if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been installed oscctrlstat Prints the oscillator disciplining parameters pluginopts Returns the board type and settings for any installed plug in op tion boards setantfltmask Command to enable or mask the Antenna Fault setgpscaldelay An interactive script that allows the user to change the clock calibration delay setgpsdynmode Allows the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS subsystem It may be ON or OFF setgpsrefpos Interactive shell script that prompts the user for an accurate reference position performs syntax and argument
157. ot support the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP In that case you must be able to configure the Meridian network parameters manually using the Linux console shell interface which is provided by this serial I O port Under certain conditions you may also need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if you encounter a problem while upgrading the firmware in your Meridian To test serial communications with the Meridian you will need either a VT100 compatible terminal or a terminal emulation program running on your computer We will refer to either of these as termi nal for the remainder of this instruction 1 Disconnect power from the Meridian 2 Connect one end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the serial I O jack on the Meridian 3 Connect the other end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the terminal If the serial I O port on your terminal does not have a DB9M connector you may need to use an adapter Refer to Chapter 4 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for details on the signal wiring Jf you are using a computer for your terminal remember which port you are using because you will need to know that in order to set up your terminal software Test the Serial Port You must configure your terminal to use the serial I O port you used in Connect the RS 232 Serial T O Port You must also configure your terminal to use the correct baud rate number of data bits parity type and number of stop bits
158. p Even when disabled all status and control parameters are avail able for reading only The display consists of a graphic 16 x 280 dot matrix vacuum fluorescent array The VFD technology offers very readable alphanumeric characters with variable font sizes Time information is readable at distances in excess of 15 feet The keypad consists of an eight key switch assembly designed to allow easy parameter selection and control The front panel keypad consists of eight switch keys identified as follows ENTER Select a menu item or load a parameter when editing BACK Return to previous display or abort an edit process EDIT Edit the parameter currently in view HELP Display context sensitive help information LEFT arrow Select a new item to the left RIGHT arrow Select a new item to the right DOWN arrow Scroll through parameter values in edit displays or through help lines in help displays In all other displays this key has a secondary function where it will operate like the ENTER key to select menu items UP arrow Scroll through parameter values in edit displays or through help lines in help displays In all other displays this key has a secondary function where it will operate like the BACK key to return to the previous display 19 Meridian User Manual Display and Keypad Operation CHAPTER THREE The display is organized like the inverted tree structure shown below Time Status Display Main Menu Receive
159. pter will guide you through the configuration of the Network Time Protocol NTP server When operating your Meridian with its standard network interface basic familiarity with TCP IP networking protocols like ping telnet and ftp is required Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essential Instructions for setting up the NTP Clients are given in Appendix E Setting Up NTP Clients on Unix Like Platforms and in Appendix F Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 XP This chapter assumes that the network port has been configured and tested as per the instructions in Chapter 2 Basic Installation Once this has been done you may configure the operation of the NTP server By default the Meridian is configured to respond to NTP requests from clients that may or may not be using MDS authentication If the clients are using MD5 authentication they must be configured properly with the same MDS authentication keys as the Meridian If you need to modify the factory default Meridian MDS keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation then you will need to re configure the NTP subsystem You may perform the configuration from either a telnet or ssh session the front panel keypad or the local RS 232 console If you would like to configure your server for multicast operation configure it as you would for broadcast operation with the exception that you must enter this specific NT
160. ptsconfig see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications Fixed Rate TTL Output 10 MPPS etc The Fixed Rate Output Option provides an optional customer specified fixed rate output ranging from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS or a digital timecode The rear panel BNC will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This signal is specified by the customer when the order is placed preset at the factory and cannot be changed There is no user interface status or control For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications 1 PPS RS 422 Output This option is provided on a second RS 232 serial port which replaces the two upper BNCs on the Receiver CPU Module The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the fac tory but can be changed via the front panel keypad or via the console command cpuoptsconfig See signal definition in Appendix K Specifications for the 1PPS RS 422 output Serial Time Output This option is provided on a second RS 232 or RS 422 serial port labeled Serial Time It replaces the two upper BNCs on the Receiver CPU Module It is an output that provides a once per second sequence of ASCII characters indicating the current time The on time character is transmitted dur ing the first millisecond of each second for 9600 baud or higher Specifically the leading edge of the start bit of the on time character is transmitted within 100 microsec
161. r Clock Opt 1 O Display Faults Network Firmware System Network p Fault Address rogram Contact Status Setup Revision Information Display Intensity ScreenSave Clock Menu Option I O Menu NTP Menu Time Mode Loc Offset Hrs Disp DST Status Setup Hours NTP Broadcast Operation Multicast Status Setup ICPU I O OptCard1 OptCard2 OptCard3 OptCard4 OptCard5 Daylight Savings Setup Display Format CPU Module I O Menu PPS Setup Code Out ProgTTL Syntheszr SerTimeOut ynthesize Serial Rate Time Selection Format Output Selection Receiver Menu Status Ref Pos GPS Mode Last Fix Osc Stat Clock Cal TFOMFILVI AntFitMask SigFltMask GPS Reference Antenna Signal Receiver Position i Position ibrati Fault Fault Status Mask Traversing the Display Structure After power initialization the welcome message will appear Press any key to go to the Time Status display which is described under the heading Detailed Display Descriptions From the Time Sta tus display press ENTER or DOWN arrow to go to the Main Menu As illustrated in the diagram above several status and setup displays are accessible from the Main Menu To traverse downward through the tree use the RIGHT and LEFT arrow keys to highlight a selection and then press ENTER To traverse back up the tree press BACK or UP arrow to return to the previous display Editing To modify a parameter traverse
162. r correctly entering the password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Meridian and shows the software part number version and build date Meridian GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Fri Aug 20 14 17 44 UTC 2004 Meridian GPS root gsys gt This last line is the standard Meridian shell prompt The Meridian uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords us ing the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt Issuing exit will close the ssh session Rear panel mounted BNC jacks provide the means of connecting your equipment to the Meridian The standard Meridian provides two precision output signals capable of driving properly terminated coaxial cables 1PPS and AM Code These two signals are DC coupled and sourced from Advanced CMOS ACMOS drivers which are able to maintain output TTL levels into a 50 ohm load The optional low phase noise spectrally pure sinewave outputs are capable of driving 1 Vrms into a 50 ohm load If your unit is equipped with other optional timing or frequency outputs these will also be designed to drive a 50 ohm load Care should be taken not to short circuit these outputs or to connect them to other voltage sources If your unit is equipped with the optional Alarm Output it will be available on a rear panel BNC jack labeled ALARM Care should be taken not to directly connect this open collector output to
163. r terminal program within 30 seconds after the unit is powered up you must troubleshoot your setup An incorrectly wired cable or incorrect port setting in your terminal emulation program are the most common problems Refer to Chapter 4 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for the signal connections for the Meridian You must use a null modem cable or adapter if you are connecting the Meridian to another computer or other equipment configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE The supplied cable is a null modem cable 13 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER TWO Once you have successfully established communications with the Meridian you may procede to configuring the network parameters Then you can communicate with the Meridian over the network using telnet or ssh and synchronize your network computers to UTC using NTP Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP The following is a sample transcript which illustrates the use of netconfig The entries made by the user are underlined and are provided purely for illustrative purposes You must provide equiva lent entries that are specific to your network Those shown here are appropriate for a typical network that does not use DHCP Start the configuration process by typing netconf ig at the shell prompt Meridian GPS root gsys gt netconfig Eu 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 202 XKKK
164. rade partition by issuing this command at the shell prompt eraserootfs_1 73 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX B If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to dev rootfs_ on your Meridian using FTP The root file sys tem image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual root file system image that you are installing for 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz Issue these commands from the console of your Me ridian ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz dev rootfs_1 transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using scp from the remote computer to your Meridian A command like this should be used scp p 6010 004x 000 3 00 gz root gsys your domain dev rootfs_1 Update the default file system partition by issuing this command on your Meridian updaterootflag 1 You should see this line displayed UPGRADE is the default root file system Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now Wait about 30 seconds for the system to shutdown and re boot Then log in to the Meridian using telnet or ssh If al
165. rear panel outputs are labeled with their configured frequency These frequencies are not changeable but can be viewed via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx where x 1 5 You can also view the Low Phase Noise Output configuration via the network or serial ports by using console command pluginopts see Chapter 4 For signal defini tion see Appendix K Specifications 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE OSCILLATOR LOW PHASE NOISE MODULE 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE 6 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX Telecom Clock Module The Telecom Clock Module is a plug and play option that adds two or three outputs to your Merid ian TimeBase Two outputs are available for any combination of T1 J1 El and Composite Clock An alarm relay output is also available as an additional option When the Meridian is configured with any of the available oscillator upgrades it can operate as a Primary Reference Clock providing high stability Building Integrated Timing Supply BITS clock signals directly to digital equipment For signal definition see Appendix K Specifications SAFETY WARNING This option does not incorporate over voltage protection suitable for connection to the public telecommuni cations network Do not connect to any wiring that leaves the building The rear panel outputs are labeled with their configuration El T1 Jl 64kCC Alarm Examples are below This configuration canno
166. rence IRIG Document 104 60 IRIG B123 003 In addition to the time information identified in B122 above this format also contains Straight Binary Seconds SBS of day SBS is provided at the end of the frame in the 17 bits starting in position 80 IRIG B1 20 000 IEEE Standard 1344 1995 In addition to the time data and the Straight Binary Seconds data this format provides for time sta tus data in the control bit positions of IRIG B The information provided there is defined by IEEE standard 1344 1995 Unit and Tens of Years Leap Second Daylight Savings Local Time Offset Time Quality and Parity The IEEE 1344 table provided below shows each bit position with detailed information NASA 36 NASA 36 bit time code is a 100 bit pulse width modulated format used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds minutes hours and days The format is used by several military ranges Reference IRIG Document 104 59 2137 The 2137 code is a 25 bit pulse width modulated format used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds minutes and hours The format is used by certain security organizations 101 Meridian User Manual IEEE 1344 Bit Definition APPENDIX G a EE SCS 2 AT EE s 1673 pcps Sid SSCS a EE O O HS rs vasos OSS Pest vescons SSS es 1673 73 EE R re peo RTT RTT R RT oftetbinay2 P67 RT fet binay Po
167. ress shown should match the static IP address which you entered during the netconfig procedure If so log in as root at the login prompt and check the other configuration parameters using ifconfig Meridian GPS root gsys gt ifconfig etho Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 0E FE 00 00 34 inet addr 192 168 1 245 Bcast 192 168 1 247 Mask 255 255 255 248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 3779 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 727 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 100 Interrupt 5 Base address 0x300 lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Mask 255 0 0 0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 3924 Metric 1 RX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 0 Pay particular attention to the settings shown for etho and in particular the Mask setting which should match that which is appropriate for your network Now check the remaining configuration parameters using route Meridian GPS root gsys gt route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface localnet 255 255 255 248 U 0 0 0 etho loopback 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo default 192 168 1 241 0 0 0 0 UG 1 0 0 etho Here you are interested in the default gateway address It should match the appropriate one for your network If so then the ethernet interface of your Meridian has been successfully configure
168. routing cache hash table of 512 buckets 4Kbytes TCP Hash tables configured established 2048 bind 2048 NET4 Unix domain sockets 1 0 SMP for Linux NET4 0 mtdblock_open ok RAMDISK Compressed image found at block 0 mtdblock_release ok VFS Mounted root ext2 filesystem Freeing unused kernel memory 68k freed INIT version 2 76 booting etc rc d rc S bin is a directory mtdblock_open ok mtdblock_open ok Loading GPS Loading Keypad VFD Fri Aug 20 00 53 54 2004 0 707128 seconds 2004 Setting system time using hwclock INIT Entering runlevel 3 Entering multiuser Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server At this point if you do not have a DHCP server configured on your network the unit will time out and print these messages Meridian GPS DHCP Client was unable to find the DHCP Server Fix the problem and re boot or set up static IP address by running netconfig dnsdomainname Host name lookup failure none 12 Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Then these messages are printed in either case Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding Starting daemons syslogd klogd inetd Starting the Network Time Protocol daemon Starting the SNMP daemon Starting the system logfile manager Starting the system watchdog woof Starting Keypad Display Process During this process the factory default MeridianGPS_0 root file system is loaded from FLASH disk to an 16MB ramdisk and the
169. s line to the end of the ntp conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MDS authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient If you are using multicast instead of broadcast mode you would replace the broadcastclient keyword with the multicastclient keyword You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 9 Meridian User Manual SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON UNIX LIKE PLATFORMS or the authenticated version added in MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Meridian as a broadcast or multicast server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Meridian After issuing the com mand ntpq you will see the ntpa command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you are using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the com mand associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Meridian server If you see b
170. se restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or if you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the 105 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX I recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original so that any problems intro duced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the dan ger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS A
171. sections contain brief descrip tions on how to do that Configuring Ethernet with the Front Panel Keypad Configuring your ethernet interface with the front panel keypad is quite simple After the unit has powered on press the ENTER key once or twice until you see a display called Main Menu Now press the RIGHT arrow key until the Network selection is highlighted Press ENTER again You will see the IP address gateway and netmask settings displayed here Press the EDIT key to modify these settings The sequence of edit displays will guide you through the setup process Press the HELP key at any time to view context sensitive help information When you are finished the unit will reset Skip to the section called Check Network Operation ater in this chapter to continue with the basic installation procedures Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port To configure your ethernet interface with the serial port after logging in as the root user you must run a simple shell script called netconfig from the bash shell prompt This shell script will prompt you for the needed information and perform some syntax checking on your inputs Then it will create or modify the appropriate files needed to configure the ethernet interface The following sections will guide you in setting up communications with the Meridian using its RS 232 serial I O port Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port You will need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if your network does n
172. signated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribu tion of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided un der this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Pro gram or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automat ically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exer
173. sions and DSA keys are supported when using the SSH2 version In addition the Meridian is factory configured with a set of public keys for passwordless public key authentication of the root user To use this capability the corresponding set of private keys for each of the two SSH versions are provided in the boot root directory of the Meridian Three files contain these keys identity SSH1 id_rsa SSH2 and id_dsa SSH2 These must be copied to the user s ssh directory on their remote computer Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using cp p when copying the files They MUST be readable only by root The corresponding public keys are by factory default resident in the root ssh directory of the Meridian Two files contain these keys authorized_keys SSH1 and authorized_keys2 SSH2 Since the provided private keys are not passphrase protected the user should create a new set of keys after verifying operation with the factory default key sets After creating the new keys the public keys should be copied to the boot root ssh directory of the Meridian At boot time the Meridian will copy these to the actual root ssh directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default set of public keys Advanced users wishing to modify the configuration of the sshd daemon should edit the etc sshd_ config file and then copy it to the boot etc directory of the Meridian Be careful to maintain the
174. splay Keypad Display Brilliant 16x280 dot matrix vacuum fluorescent Keypad Enter Back Edit Right Left Up Down Help Network VO Rear panel RJ 45 jack AMD PC Net Fast III 10 100Base T ethernet 117 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX K System Status Indicator Sync LED Green LED pulses to indicate GPS lock status Network LED Amber LED indicates network activity Alarm LED Red LED indicates a serious fault condition 1 PPS Output Signal Positive TTL pulse into 50Q User Selectable Width 20 us 1 ms 100 ms 500 ms User Calibration 500 us 1 ns resolution Accuracy lt 10 nanoseconds RMS to GPS Time when locked Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability TDEV lt 10 ns Y lt 10 seconds Oy T lt 1x10 3 1 10 secs Rise Time lt 2 nanoseconds Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled 1PPS lt 100 nanoseconds to UTC Constraints in the official GPS specification prohibit claiming an accuracy to UTC better than 100 nanoseconds Timecode Output Signal Amplitude modulated AM 3 1 ratio 1 kHz carrier Drive 1 Vrms into 50Q User Selectable Formats IRIG B120 IEEE 1344 IRIG B122 IRIG B123 NASA 36 or 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled AM CODE NTP Synchronization Accuracy NTP Timestamp Accuracy lt 10 microseconds 200 packets second 200 000 clients NTP Client Synchronization Accuracy Network factors
175. t editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing ete rc d rc local you must copy it to the boot ete rc d directory and re boot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete re d directory are copied to the work ing ete re d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten You should be able to compile the MERIDIAN MIB file on your SNMP management system and ac cess the variables defined therein The factory default community names are MeridianGPS for the read only community and endrun_1 for the read write community This is all that is required for operation under vl and v2c of SNMP You can and should change the default community names by editing etc snmpd conf and modifying these two lines rwcommuni ty endrun_ 1 rocommunity MeridianGPS 80 Meridian User Manual Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs Configuration of SNMPv3 SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP To have your Meridian send SNMPv1 traps RFC 1215 you must configure the community and des tination for SNMPv1 traps by uncommenting and editing
176. t RT ET OOS R re RR qua ina Pers ie quality may E HS Pera Time quality as Peeps Word ps R T Refer to Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for detailed information Briefly 3 time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS JD up 102 Meridian User Manual Enabling New IPv6 Capabilities EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES Appendix 7 IPv6 Information EndRun Technologies understands that IPv6 is still in the experimental stage with essentially no mainstream deployment Customers who are not interested in IPv6 need not burden your system with it You have a choice of an IPv4 only kernel recommended or the IPv4 IPv6 kernel You may freely change this at any time with an easy software download from our website To determine which kernel resides in your Meridian check the firmware version using the front panel keypad display Or you can use the console port command cat proc version An IPv4 only kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 000 ver 2 4 31 IPv4 An IPv4 IPv6 kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 100 ver 2 4 31 IPv6 If you want to change your kernel please refer to Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware for instruc tions The following text refers to products with the IPv4 I
177. t be changed but can be viewed via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx where x 1 5 You can also view the Telecom Clock Output configuration via the network or serial ports by using console command pluginopts SPARE DB9 2001 M012 01X TELECOM CLOCK BUFFER m E1 Clock Out A E1 Clock Out B ER 7 NM R J L 3 o ALARM CONTACTS 60V 42V SPARE DB9 2001 M012 010 TELECOM CLOCK BUFFER 2001 M012 01X TELECOM CLOCK BUFFER T1 Clock Out A 64kCC Clock Out B E1 Clock Out A 64kCC Clock Out B User Settings There are user settings associated with the T1 J1 El and Composite Clock outputs There are no user settings for the optional Alarm Output User settings are T1 J1 Framing Mode Alarm Mode Line Build Out El Framing Mode Alarm Mode Composite Clock Line Code Alarm Mode You can view or change the user settings for each output by using the front panel keypad display see Chapter 3 Front Panel Kaypad and Display or by using the console commands pluginopts and pluginoptsconfig see Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands Available selections for each user setting are 64 Meridian User Manual OPTIONAL REAR T1 Framing Mode T1 Alarm Mode T1 Lin
178. t creates or modifies these files etc HOSTNAME etc hosts etc networks etc resolv conf and etc rc d rc inet1 All of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must re boot the Meridian after running this script for the changes to take effect Set netconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started ntpconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the NTP subsys tem ofthe Meridian By default the unit is configured to authenticate its replies to clients using its default MDS keys in the etc ntp keys file If you need to create your own MDS keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation you must run this script as root Refer to Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server for details on the use of this command The two files that are modified are etc ntp keys and etc ntp conf Both of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must re boot the Meridian after running this script for the changes to take effect Set ntpconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started ptpconfig Optional This command is only available if the PTP IEEE 1588 option has been installed Refer to Appendix J Precision Time Protocol IEEE 1588 for more information oscctristat This command displays the current settings for the oscillator control parameters These parameters are used to discipline the oscillator
179. t options via the Receiver CPU Mod ule and up to five plug in option cards Status and user settings for the various output signals can be easily viewed and modified via the front panel keypad and display the standard network port or the RS 232 serial port Standard rear panel configuration for the Receiver CPU Module is the Antenna input the AM Code output the 1 PPS output the RS 232 connector and the ethernet connector Information for the standard outputs including getting status and control capability via the user interface is described in the main text of this manual Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation for a physical description of the Meridian rear panel and its various outputs Refer to Chapter 3 Front Panel Keypad and Display for details on the Option I O Menu and refer to Chapter 4 Control and Status Commands for de tails on the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands In addition to the standard connectors the Receiver CPU Module can be configured with optional outputs These optional outputs include a Programmable TTL Output a Synthesizer Output an Alarm Output and a second RS 232 serial port with a Serial Time Output ALARM PROG TTL RS 232 F RECEIVER CPU VO PANEL 1 2 3 4 5 JOPTION SLOTS gt ANTENNA AM CODE 1PRS J L e 0 D0 C9 55 69 FC Programmable TTL Output The Programmable TTL Output Option provides user selectable on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to
180. t the NET SNMP project and to obtain management software and detailed configuration information you can visit this website http www net snmp org An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of various SNMP managers and agents including the NET SNMP implementations is available from O Reilley amp Associates Essential SNMP Mauro amp Schmidt O Reilley amp Associates 2001 Ifyou are planning to operate with SNMPv3 it is highly recommended that you make use of both of these resources to familiarize yourself with the agent configuration concepts Prior to SNMPv3 SNMP had definite security inadequacies due to using two community names in a manner analogous to passwords that were transmitted over the network as clear text In addition since no mechanism existed for authenticating or encrypting session data any number of man in the middle data corruption replacement exploits were possible in addition to plain old snooping to learn the community names SNMPv3 implements the User based Security Model USM defined in RFC 2274 which employs modern cryptographic technologies to both authenticate multiple users and to encrypt their session data for privacy much in the same way that SSH does for remote login shell users In addition it implements the View based Access Control Model VACM defined in RFC 2275 This RFC defines mechanisms for limiting the access of multiple users having various security levels no authen
181. tability Allan Deviation Table below Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled with appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS 119 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX K Optional Alarm Output on CPU Module See Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Alarm MMBT2222A open collector grounded emitter High impedance in alarm state Voltage 40 VDC maximum Saturation Current 100 mA maximum Connector Rear panel BNC jack or terminal strip labeled ALARM Optional Sysplex Serial Time Output on CPU Module See Serial Time Output in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Signal Output only port at RS 232 or RS 422 levels Baud Rate User selectable to 4800 9600 19200 or 57600 Parity User Selectable to Odd Even or None ASCII Formats User Selectable to Sysplex Truetime EndRun EndRunX NENA or NMEA Connector RS 232 Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME Pinout RS 232 Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Connector RS 422 Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME RS 422 Pinout RS 422 Pin 3 is signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND Optional 1 PPS RS 422 Output on CPU Module Signal RS 422 levels User Selectable Width 20 us 1 ms 100 ms 500 ms User Calibration 500 us 1 ns resolution Accuracy lt 10 nanoseconds RMS to GPS Time when locked Alignment Within 10 ns of the TTL outputs in this unit except the optional
182. te Z is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC ZZ is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character Ox0A 5B Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX EndRunX Extended Format The EndRunX format is identical to the EndRun format with the addition of two fields the cur rent leap second settings and the future leap second settings The following string is sent once each second TYYYY DDD HH MM SS zZZ m CC FF lt CR gt lt LF gt T is the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY is the year DDD is the day of year is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour SS is the second of the minute Z is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time is ahead of UTC ZZ is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC CC is the current leap seconds value FF is the future leap seconds which will show a leap second pending 24 hours in advance lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII li
183. the Meridian server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Meridian server with MDS authentication Use the NTP util ity ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Meridian After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment 91 Meridian User Manual Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup APPENDIX E You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Meridian server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a problem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this
184. the latest version 3 Internet standard which supports both view based access control and user based security using modern encryption techniques Previous versions v1 and v2c supported access control essentially via passwords trans mitted over the network in plain text Refer to Appendix C Simple Network Management Protocol which is dedicated to configuration of SNMP for details e Individual host access to protocol server daemons such as in telnetd snmpd or sshd may be controlled by the tepd daemon and etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny e Risky protocols like TIME DAYTIME and TELNET may be completely disabled by configura tion of the inetd super server daemon 85 Meridian User Manual OpenSSH APPENDIX D The last two topics are supported on the Meridian by a pair of shell scripts which ease configuration for the inexperienced user of Unix like operating systems These are accessconfig and inetd config accessconfig modifies two files which are used by tepd and the standalone daemons snmpd and sshd to determine whether or not to grant access to a requesting host etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These two files may contain configuration information for a number of protocol servers but in the Meridian only access control to the protocol server daemons in telnetd sshd and snmpd is configured As shipped from the factory these two files are empty When the user runs accessconfig these lines are added to the etc hosts deny
185. tication authentication or authentication plus privacy to specific views of the Structure of Management Information SMI object tree In addition to providing the SNMP variables contained in MIB II as described in RFC 1213 EndRun Technologies has implemented an enterprise MIB using the syntax of the SMI version 2 SMIv2 as described in RFC 2578 79 Meridian User Manual Invocation of the SNMP daemon Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 v2c APPENDIX C MERIDIAN MIB Which is located on your Meridian in this ASCII file usr local share snmp mibs MERIDIAN MIB txt In addition to a complete set of NTP and GPS status objects the MIB defines four SMIv2 notification objects e NTP Leap Indicator Bits status change e NTP Stratum change e GPS Fault Status change e GPS Time Figure of Merit change The SNMP daemon snmpd is started from the etc rc d rc local system start up script with this line snmpd m MIBNAME Ls d c etc snmpd conf By default it will listen on port 161 for SNMP queries from the network management system If you would like to have it listen on another port you could edit the file by adding p port to the end of this line where port is the number of the port you would like for the agent to listen on If you would like to disable starting of the snmpd daemon altogether you can either remove this line or place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compac
186. tion settings in the Meridian are shown below If you need to modify these settings then you will need to reconfigure the PTP subsystem You may perform the configura tion from either a telnet or ssh session the front panel keypad or the local RS 232 console The default PTP settings are PTP Preferred TRUE PTP Sync Interval Two seconds PTP Subdomain Name DFLT PTP Time Mode UTC Configuration and Status Using the Front Panel Keypad If your unit has the optional PTP capability then there will be an item in the list of Main Menu selec tions called PTP Press the RIGHT LEFT arrow key until this is highlighted and press ENTER to select it Then press the RIGHT LEFT arrow keys to highlight Setup or Status and press ENTER Setup This is the PTP STATE display press EDIT to re configure PTP The sequence of edit displays will guide you through the setup process Press the HELP key at any time to view the context sensi tive help information When you are finished the unit will reset Status This is the PTP STATUS display press ENTER to review the current PTP STATUS 111 Meridian User Manual APPENDIX J Configuring PTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The ptpconfig command starts an interactive shell script that will allow you to configure the PTP subsystem of the Meridian You will be prompted to set the PTP Preferred State TRUE or FALSE the PTP Sync Interval 1 2 8 16 or 64 seconds and the PTP Subdom
187. to initialize and maintain the Meridian See Chapter 4 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for detailed information This RJ 45 connector mates with the ethernet twisted pair cable from the network This BNC connector provides the 1PPS TTL output The pulse width is normally millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via the front panel keypad or via console command cpuoptsconfig Other selections are 20 microseconds 100 milliseconds and 500 milliseconds See signal definition in Appendix K Specifications for the 1PPS Output This BNC connector provides the amplitude modulated timecode output The timecode output is normally IRIG B122 when shipped from the factory but can be changed via the front panel keypad or via console command cpuoptsconfig Other selections are available See signal definition in Appendix K Specifications for the AM Code Output This BNC connector or terminal strip provides the optional alarm output and is usually not installed If installed see description in Chapter 6 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix K Specifications Meridian User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION Prog TTL Jack Option 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc Option 1PPS RS 422 Option Serial Time Option Plug In Modules Options AC Power Input Jack DC Power Input Block Option Dual Power Supplies Option This BNC connector provides the optional Programma
188. tp conf file z You will be able to configure the broadcast mode of operation with id or without authentication If you supply the multicast address instead of your network broadcast address then you will be able to configure gt the time to live of the multicast packets The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the Meridian GPS If you make a mistake just re run ntpconfig prior to E re booting You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters LE 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 LAA 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 203 MD5 Keyfile Configuration Would you like to create a new ntp keys file yles nlo y You will be prompted for a key number 1 65534 then the actual key When you have entered all of the keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number MD5 keys may contain from 1 to 31 ASCII characters They may not contain SPACE TAB LF NULL or characters Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 1 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters EndRun Technologies LLC Writing key number 1 and Key EndRun_Technologies_LLC to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 2 E
189. ts on Unix like platforms will be described Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MDS authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first MDS This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Meridian is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MDS clients using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s etc ntp conf file It can be config ured either with or without MDS authentication However it is highly recommended that authentica tion be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network 89 Meridian User Manual Basic NTP Client Setup MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup APPENDIX E Basic setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Meridian on your network e You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the etc directory Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers
190. ty of Delaware not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific written prior permission The University of Delaware makes no representations about the suitability this software for any purpose It is provided as is without express or implied warranty Z Z XX NR HF KF A 2 SE EE DD EE IC ee EE SE ee EE ed al ode 110 Meridian User Manual About PTP Configuration and Status EndRun DES ON TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Precision Time Protocol PTP IEEE 1588 The appendix contains the configuration and status information for the optional Precision Time Pro tocol The PTP protocol running on the Meridian is a full Grandmaster Clock implementation of the IEEE 1588 2002 standard The PTP implementation in the Meridian is built from the distribution at the PTPd website http ptpd sourceforge net The PTP daemon ptpd status and configuration is supported from two PTP companion utilities gptpstat and ptpconfig For more information about ptpd and to obtain PTP Slave software refer to the PTPd website An excellent book which describes the PTP Master and Slave operation is Measurement Control and Communication using IEEE 1588 John C Eidson Springer November 2002 More information on IEEE 1588 PTP can be found at the NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology IEEE 1588 website http ieee1588 nist gov The default PTP configura
191. u Receiver Menu Receiver Status Reference Position Last Fix Position Oscillator Status Clock Calibration TFOM Fault Level Antenna Fault Mask Signal Loss Fault Mask Clock Menu Time Mode Local Offset Hours Display Meridian User Manval Daylight Savings Sl LO Option 1 0 Menu ERE Pee de dd o o e ae o de dl 26 26 Programmable TTL Setup EIE EEE E A ETETEA 26 26 26 1PPS Output Setup Timecode Output Setup Synthesizer DDS Setup Serial Time Output Setup Display Setup Network4 Setup High dias SU SNe tls gt hig get ess das
192. ual This manual will guide you through simple installation and set up procedures Introduction The Meridian how it works where to use it its main features Basic Installation How to connect configure and test your Meridian Console Port Description of the Linux console commands for use over the network and serial ports Front Panel Keypad and Display How to operate the user interface that provides convenient setup and monitoring of the instrument If you detect any inaccuracies or omissions please inform us EndRun Technologies cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product and manuals without prior notice Warranty This product manufactured by EndRun Technologies is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from date of shipment under normal use and service During the warranty period EndRun Technologies will repair or replace products which prove to be defec tive For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to EndRun Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to EndRun Technologies and EndRun Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to EndRun Technologies from outside the United States Products not manufactured by EndRun Technologies but included as an integral part
193. uffer Module The Digital Buffer Module is a plug and play option that adds four buffered outputs to your Merid ian TimeBase Signal levels are either TTL BNC connectors or RS 232 DB9M connector The type of output is set up at the factory based on customer requirements and cannot be changed Avail able types are on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS non aligned synthesized rates or a digital timecode output Note that for the RS 232 level outputs rates above 1 MPPS are impractical due to the 30 V us RS 232 slew rate limit If your Digital Buffer Module is set up for timecode or synthe sized rates then you can change the timecode or rate via the front panel keypad display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt CPU I O You can also use command cpuopts The module configu ration can be viewed by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx where x 1 5 or by using console command pluginopts see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix K Speci fications DB9M Pinouts SIGNAL OUTPUT A OUTPUT B OUTPUT C OUTPUT D GROUND GROUND GROUND GROUND GROUND Bu Z 2001 M004 023 RS232 DIGITAL BUFFER SPARE SPARE 1PPS A B C D OUT EDGE ON TIME OI Ni 01 AON Analog Timecode Buffer Module The Analog Timecode Buffer Module is a plug and play option that adds four additional timecode outputs to your Meridian TimeBas
194. unicate with the Meridian on your network You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit the ntp conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers etc directory of the boot partition If your NTP installation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it For example XP uses windows system32 drivers etc Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd exe to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the ntp conf file Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Meridian server By default the NTP installation pro gram installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Meridian By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT 2000 XP partition From a console window after issuing the command ntpa you will see the ntpq exe command prompt ntpa gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Meridian server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may ha
195. us LED 3 When the unit locks onto a GPS signal and begins to decode the timing data and adjust the local oscillator the green Sync Status LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded and the local oscillator is fully locked to the GPS frequency 4 Then the green Sync Status LED will pulse at precisely a 1 Hz rate synchronized to UTC seconds with a short on duration relative to the off duration At this point the GPS time and frequency engine has fully synchronized and you may proceed to permanently mounting the chassis and antenna in their desired locations If you are unable to achieve GPS lock after 24 hours call Customer Support 1 877 749 3878 for assistance If your unit has a medium stability OCXO MS OCXO or rubidum Rb oscillator then it will require a 5 10 minute warm up period before it begins searching for a GPS signal FCC NOTICE This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc tion manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmul interfere
196. us contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 108 Meridian User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Founda
197. vacuum fluorescent display Display intensity ranges from 12 to 100 The screensaver capability allows you to in crease the usable life of the display beyond the rated 100 000 hours When the screensaver capability is enabled the intensity will be reduced to half of its normal operating intensity when the unit has not detected a keypress for one hour Press EDIT to modify the intensity and screensaver settings 26 Meridian User Manual FRONT PANEL KEYPAD AND DISPLAY Faults This display is selected from the Main Menu and provides system fault information When a particu lar fault condition is asserted it will be followed by a flashing indicator Otherwise the fault condition is followed by an ok indicator The fault display and various fault conditions are described below FAULTS FLASH ok FPGA ok SIG ok DAC ok ANT ok POLL ok REF ok ENG ok FLASH FLASH Write This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation This fault would cause erratic operation at the next power cycling since important parameters could be corrupt The unit should be returned to the factory for repair FPGA FPGA Configuration This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair SIG No Signal Time Out This fault ind
198. val seconds Connectors and Cables The Telecom Clock Output Module is available with two types of output connectors BNC and RJ48C The BNC connector is compatible with 75 ohm coaxial cable The RJ48C connector is com patible with 100 133 ohm twisted pair Pin assignments are BNC Pinouts BNC CONNECTOR SIGNAL CENTER PIN XMIT TIP SIG BARREL XMIT RING GND 67 Meridian User Manual CHAPTER SIX RJ48C Pinouts RJ48C CONNECTOR SIGNAL PIN 1 NO CONNECTION PIN 2 NO CONNECTION PIN 3 NO CONNECTION PIN 4 XMIT RING SIG PIN 5 XMIT TIP SIG PIN 6 NO CONNECTION PIN 7 NO CONNECTION PIN 8 NO CONNECTION The RJ48C connector is physically identical to an RJ45 connector The RJ48C designation refers to the interconnection and pairing within the applicable cable which is different than that of Ethernet cables The RJ48C wiring pattern is shown below RJ48C RJ48C Crossover Cable Connections Connector Pin out RJ48C SIGNAL PIN CABLE WIRE PIN RJ48C SIGNAL m RCV RING SIG 1 PAIR 1 RING 4 XMIT RING SIG RCV TIP SIG 2 PAIR 1 TIP 5 XMIT TIP SIG HEHE NOCONNECTION 3 NONE 3 NO CONNECTION XMIT RING SIG 4 PAIR 2 RING 1 RCV RING SIG XMIT TIP SIG 5 PAIR 2 TIP 2 RCV TIP SIG NO CONNECTION 6 NONE 3 NO CONNECTION SHIELDGROUND 7 DRAIN WIRE 7 SHIELD GROUND SHIELD GROUND 8 DRAIN WIRE 8 SHIELD GROUND
199. validity checking then passes the position to the GPS subsystem unlockkp Unlocks access to the front panel keypad EDIT key pluginoptsconfig An interactive script that allows the user to change the settings on any configurable plug in option board updaterootflag Command to update the flag stored in FLASH that is read by the Linux bootloader at boot time to select operation with either the FACTORY or UPGRADE root file system 33 Meridian User Manual Detailed Command Descriptions CHAPTER FOUR upgradegps Shell script that facilitates the GPS subsystem firmware up grade process upgradekernel Shell script that facilitates the Linux kernel firmware upgrade process Limited applicability Use with caution accessconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to configure limitation of telnet ssh and snmp access to the Meridian By default the unit is configured to allow access by all users If you need to limit telnet ssh or snmp access e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies these files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must re boot the Meridian after running this script for the changes to take effect Set accessconfig Meridian response Interactive shell script is started antfltmask This
200. ve to con tinue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Meridian server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchronized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful con figuration The debug version of the NTP daemon is located in the debug sub directory of your NTP directory Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities 96 Meridian User Manual MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup SETTING UP NTP CLIENTS ON WINDOWS NT 4 0 2000 XP MDS authenticated setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Meridian on your network e Your Meridian has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Meridian authentication configuration shown in Chapter 5 Setting Up the NTP Server will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here e You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the Basic NTP Client Setup on your client computer Create the ntp keys File You must create a file named ntp keys in the winnt system32 drivers etc directory or for XP the windows system32

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