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PO 422 - 2677 Pembroke Army Cadets

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1. 2 Adjust for the magnetic bearing by either adding or subtracting the appropriate angle which is called the grid magnetic angle GMA to from the grid bearing C422 04 11 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 When converting grid bearings to magnetic bearings the following mathematical formulas are used When the GMA is west of Grid North add the magnetic declination to the grid bearing west is best When the GMA is east of Grid North subtract the magnetic declination from the grid bearing east is least Grid magnetic angle is the horizontal angular difference between grid north and magnetic north This is the number that is applied when converting from magnetic to grid bearings GRID NORTH TRUE NORTH MAGNETIC NORTH Figure 6 Three Norths Note From Maps Field Sketching Compasses and the Global Positioning System p 51 by Canadian Forces 2006 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C422 04 12 3 List the magnetic bearing Grid Bearing 1600 mils GMA 335 E Magnetic Bearing Magnetic Bearing Grid Bearing GMA ME 1600 mils 385 mils East is Least A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Grid Bearing 3200 mils GMA 420 W Magnetic Bearing 77 Magnetic Bearing Grid Bearing GMA MB 3200 420 West is best Figure 7 Examples of Converting Grid Bearings to Magnetic Bearings Diagram Note From Land Environmental Training by Director Cadets 6 Personnel Policy and Training 2009 Ottawa ON
2. Figure 1 Grid Zone Designator Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence M422 03 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Confirming the 100 000 m Square Identifier The 100 000 m square identifier is located in the same marginal information area as the grid zone designator The example in Figure 1 states that the map is adjacent to the 100 000 m square identifications UE and UD Additionally when the 100 000 m square identifier on a topographical map joins an adjacent grid zone the identifier will be noted on the map in the 00 00 grid square This is illustrated in Figure 2 31 C 4 773000m E 299000m E 300 77 30 F aa l Q R N 0003 O67 N wooo v06r Figure 2 Topographical Map 100 000 m Square Identifier Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence IDENTIFYING THE MAP DATUM FROM A TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP The map datum of a topographical map is located in the lower right side of the marginal information under the conversion scale for elevations M422 03 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Information concerning bench marks and horizontal survey monuments car be obtained from Geodetic Survey Canada Centre for Surveying Ottawa CONVERSION SCALE FOR ELEVATIONS Metres 30 20 10 0 50 100 Feet100 50 0 100 200 300 CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 METRES Elevations in Metres above Mean Sea Level North American Datum 1927 SSS Tranevarea Marratar Dra
3. A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 01B 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide LEARNING STATION 1 INFORMATION SHEET HOW THE GPS WORKS The system is divided into three parts or segments space ground control and users The space segment consists of 24 satellites that orbit 20 200 km above the Earth and send radio signals toward Earth The radio signals broadcast the position of each satellite in the sky with an electronic code Each satellite performs a relatively simple primary task it transmits a timing signal using its built in atomic clock When a device on the ground receives that signal it can determine its distance from the satellite That single measurement alone does not accomplish much but when a GPS receiver collects timing signals from three different satellites the receiver can determine two precise coordinates latitude and longitude With four satellite signals the GPS receiver is able to determine altitude as well A GPS receiver can also determine speed and heading COMPONENTS OF THE GPS Satellites The GPS and its satellites have the following characteristics The minimum number of satellites that are required to cover the entire Earth is 18 however the number of satellites in orbit fluctuates between 24 and 29 satellites due to spares and upgrading Satellites orbit in a semi synchronous orbit
4. C422 04 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Figure 2 Step 1 to Measuring a Grid Bearing With a Protractor Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Step 2 Place the protractor on the map by ensuring the centre hole is on the plotting ray and the centre line is over an easting line on the map orienting zero mils to the top of the map north and ensuring the mils scale is placed east or west of the grid lines as required If the bearing to be plotted is estimated to be between 0 and 3 200 mils the protractor must be placed so that the mils scale is to the east of the easting line If the bearing to be plotted is estimated to be between 3 200 mils and 6 400 mils the protractor must be placed so that the mils scale is to the west of the easting line C422 04 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Figure 3 Step 2 to Measuring a Grid Bearing With a Protractor Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Step 3 Align the protractor parallel to the eastings by sliding the centre hole along the plotting ray and matching the vertical line on the protractor with an easting line C422 04 7 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Figure 4 Step 3 to Measuring a Grid Bearing With a Protractor Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Step 4 Read the grid bearing at the point where the plotting ray crosses through the mil
5. M422 03 14 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 03 Instructional Guide Input a Multi Leg Route in the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS Receiver To input a multi leg route in a GPS receiver al 2 3 Confirm that the GPS receiver is set to the correct coordinate system Confirm that the correct map datum is set Mark the start point using a personalized mark by a b C d pressing MARK personalizing the POI by 1 moving the arrow joystick to highlight the name field 2 pressing ENTER 3 moving the arrow joystick to select the character desired pressing ENTER after each character is selected 4 moving the arrow joystick to OK once all characters have been selected 5 pressing ENTER 6 moving the arrow joystick to highlight the icon symbol field 7 pressing ENTER 8 moving the arrow joystick to the desired icon symbol and 9 pressing ENTER to select the icon symbol moving the arrow joystick to highlight the save field and pressing ENTER Establish three POIs using coordinate marks by a b C pressing MARK moving the arrow joystick to highlight the location field pressing ENTER using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification as required pressing ENTER to move to the second line of the location field using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line
6. hat is this hidden container sitting here for What the heck Is this thing doing here vith all these things in it tis part of a worldwide game dedicated to Global Positioning System GPS users called Geocaching The game basically involves a GPS user hiding treasure this container and its contents and publishing the exact coordinates so other GPS users an come on a treasure hunt to find it The only rules are if you take something from he cache you must leave something for the cache and you must write about your visit in the visitor reqister Hopefully the person who hid this container found a good spot that is not easily found by uninterested parties Sometimes a good spot turns out to be a bad pot though F YOU FOUND THIS CONTAINER BY ACCIDENT Creat You are welcome to join us We ask Please do not move or vandalize the container The real treasure Is just finding the container and sharing your thoughts with everyone else who finds tt If you wish go ahead and take something But please also leave something of your own for others to find and write it in the visitor register If possible let us know that you found It by visiting the website listed below eacaching is open to everyone with a GPS and a sense of adventure There are irnilar sites all over the world The organization has its home on the Internet Visit our website if you want to learn more or have any comments ittp iwww geocaching com f this c
7. upload maps waypoints routes and tracks to GPS receivers and download GPS receiver data to a computer C422 03 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 A2 The main purpose of mapping programs on a computer is to upload maps to the GPS receiver A3 Google Earth can interface with a GPS receiver CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT GPS receivers have many capabilities Cadets are able to access the Internet and link the GPS receiver with the computer uploading information from the GPS receiver to obtain a visual representation and description of the areas travelled This information can be shared with other cadets who wish to retrace a route that someone has already travelled INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS Nil REFERENCES C2 142 ISBN 0 7645 6933 3 McNamara J 2004 GPS for dummies Hoboken NJ Wiley Publishing Inc C422 03 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 03 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA ry INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 7 EO C422 04 MEASURE A GRID BEARING WITH A PROTRACTOR Total Time 90 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide wit
8. 10 min Method Interactive Lecture WEB BASED RESOURCES During this TP explain to the cadets how GPS receivers are now being used for many different purposes other than navigation Allow the cadets to comment and express their experiences and ideas to help develop and support the information presented GPS receivers are used for more than just navigation Entrepreneurs have developed many ways to use a GPS receiver to help with tracking locating measuring and positioning These applications are available through the Internet The Internet provides the GPS receiver user with many sites where they can access and upload their treks Google Earth is a program provided free by Google www google com that allows the GPS receiver user to link with the program and upload their trekking history including start and finish locations waypoints and POls This program then maps out the trek and displays it on a overlay of the map provided by the program The program is also capable of providing real time tracking Information that is uploaded is surrendered to the website and the data then becomes available for anyone to view and use This is just one example of a web based resource that is available to GPS receiver users Other web based resources can be used for pet and animal tracking personal safety locators and trackers theft deterrence devices for automotive vehicles cell phone tracking C422 03 3 A CR CCP 704
9. Department of National Defence The steps to converting a magnetic bearing to a grid bearing are 1 Calculate the current magnetic declination 2 Adjust for the magnetic bearing by either adding or subtracting the GMA from the magnetic bearing C422 04 13 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 When converting magnetic bearings to grid bearings the following mathematical formulas When the GMA is west of Grid North subtract the magnetic declination from the magnetic bearing west is least When the GMA is east of Grid North add the magnetic declination to the magnetic bearing east is best 3 List the grid bearing GMA 385 E al GMA 385 W C Grid Bearing D Magnetic Bearing 1954 mils Magnetic Bearing 5465 mils Grid Bearing 77 Grid Bearing Magnetic Bearing GMA Grid Bearing Magnetic Bearing GMA GB 5465 385 mils East is Best GB 1954 mils 335 mils West is Least Figure 8 Examples of Converting Magnetic Bearings to Grid Bearings Diagram Note From Land Environmental Training by Director Cadets 6 Personnel Policy and Training 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Figures 7 and 8 show the relative positions and values of the angles from the information supplied It is important to place the bearings in their correct positions relative to each other in accordance with the map information supplied Once a correct and relative diagram has been made with the values inserte
10. Topographical map one per group Compass one per group Whistle one per cadet Any other resources required to complete the activity ACTIVITY LAYOUT Nil ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS i Conduct a safety briefing to include an explanation of a actions to be taken if a cadet becomes lost b time limits for the activity C boundaries d rules and safety procedures for the activity and e a narrative of the specific activity being conducted 2 Have the cadets set up the navigation activity that allows an opportunity to practice and review previous navigation lessons and skills 3 Conduct the navigation activity ensuring the guidelines when planning a navigation activity are followed 4 Conduct a debriefing where the cadets may be asked a how they felt about the activity b what they felt they accomplished C what they would try to improve on if given the opportunity to complete the activity again and d what they learned about using a GPS with a map C422 06 8 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries which must take into account any dangerous obstacles or crossings If radios are available each group should be given a radio ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of the Catch a Cache activity is to have the cadets as members of a small group locate geocaches RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group Geocache coordinates Topographical map of the loca
11. When the GMA is east of Grid North subtract it from the grid bearing east is least 3 List the magnetic bearing The steps to converting a magnetic bearing to a grid bearing are 1 Calculate magnetic declination 2 Adjust for the magnetic bearing by either adding or subtracting the GMA from the magnetic bearing When converting magnetic bearings to grid bearings the following mathematical formulas are When the GMA is west of Grid North subtract it from the magnetic bearing west is least When the GMA is east of Grid North add it to the magnetic bearing east is best 3 List the grid bearing The Magnetic Declination Grid table Add or subtract in the direction referred to by the declination Magnetic Decimation ca 1725 mils W 125 mils 1600 mils For West declination going west the mathematical formula for finding the magnetic bearing 1600 mils 125 mils 1725 mils C422 04B 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to C422 04 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 04B 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA mane INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 8 EO C422 05 DETERMINE LOCATION USING RESECTION Total Time 60 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Spe
12. gird reference of the location field pressing ENTER personalizing the POI if desired moving the arrow joystick to the save field M422 03A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 03 Instructional Guide j pressing ENTER and k repeating the process for the remaining POIs 5 Create a multi leg route by a pressing MENU b using the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES C pressing ENTER d using the arrow joystick to highlight NEW e pressing ENTER f ensuring ADD POI is highlighted and pressing ENTER g using the POI database to add POIs by highlighting the desired POI and pressing ENTER after each one h using the arrow joystick to highlight SAVE ROUTE once all the desired POIs have been entered pressing ENTER j using the arrow joystick and the ENTER button to input a route name k highlighting OK and pressing ENTER 6 Activate the route by a pressing MENU b using the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES C pressing ENTER d using the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be activated e pressing MENU f highlighting ACTIVATE ROUTE and g pressing ENTER M422 03A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA mane INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 4 EO C422 01 LOCATE A GEOCACHE Total Time 30 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification locat
13. 1 2 3 4 pressing MARK personalizing the POI by a moving the arrow joystick to highlight the name field b pressing ENTER c moving the arrow joystick to select the character desired pressing ENTER after each character is selected d moving the arrow joystick to OK once all characters have been selected e pressing ENTER f moving the arrow joystick to highlight the icon symbol field g pressing ENTER h moving the arrow joystick to the desired icon symbol and i pressing ENTER to select the icon symbol moving the arrow joystick to highlight the save field and pressing ENTER establishing three POIs using coordinate marks by 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 pressing MARK moving the arrow joystick to highlight the location field pressing ENTER using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification as required pressing ENTER to move to the second line of the location field using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line gird reference of the location field pressing ENTER personalizing the POI if desired moving the arrow joystick to the save field pressing ENTER and repeating the process for the remaining POIs and M422 03 11 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 e creating a multi leg route by 1 pressing MENU 2 using the ar
14. 10 Conduct a debriefing where the cadets may be asked a how they felt about the activity b what they felt they accomplished C what they would try to improve on if given the opportunity to complete the activity again and d what they learned about using a GPS with a map SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries which must take into account any dangerous obstacles or crossings If radios are available each group should be given a radio ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of the Create a Cache activity is to have the cadets create and set up a geocache s or maintain an existing geocache s RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group Compass one per group Topographical map of the local area one per group Whistle one per cadet Paper and Geocache treasures eg pencils stickers trinkets ACTIVITY LAYOUT Create complete or maintain existing geocache containers Establish a start and finish location C422 06 10 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 Conduct a safety briefing to include an explanation of a actions to be taken if a cadet becomes lost b time limits for the activity C boundaries d rules and safety procedures for the activity and e a narrative of the specific activity being conducted Divide the cadets into groups by the number of GPS receivers and compasses available Issue each group the resources required to conduct the activity Have the cadets
15. In addition to the information mentioned above an operator may find current speed heading and a trip odometer On some GPS receivers the information displayed can be changed M422 01E 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide E 8 8 8 8 8B 8 8 0345 N 015 OF BEERS EAS EERE EES SPEED TRIP TIMER m 02 00 i 50 h ion i F 4G SPEED TRIF ODOM 20 0 40 0 E E SUNRISE SUNSET 07 07 05 34 N 41 31 970 WO8 1 38 348 i 03 01 25 4 12 FEB 00 E E E E EE EES Figure E 4 Position Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 46 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc EXTRACTING A 6 FIGURE GR FROM A 10 FIGURE GR A 10 figure grid reference given from a GPS receiver has 10 digits and is accurate to 1m To extract the 6 figure GR from the 10 figure GR one must understand how the figures work GRID REFERENCE WRITTEN FIGURES Definition Easting Northing A 10 figure GR accurate to 96779 86744 1 m is written as An 8 figure GR accurate to 9677 8674 10 m is written as A 6 figure GR accurate to 100 m of the same 967 867 coordinates is written as A 4 figure GR accurate to 1 000 m of the same coordinates is written as As illustrated in the above chart the 10 figure GR has two sets of numbers The first five digits are eastings and the second five digits are the northing coordinates When taking a GR from a GPS recei
16. In the absence of local details and contours on a map location can be determined from distant objects such as hilltops corners of woods other natural features or buildings When determining location using resection it is better to select three points so that a triangle is formed and the location will be inside the triangle C422 05 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 The steps to determining location using resection are 1 Calculate the current declination of the topographical map 2 Set the current declination on the compass J Locate three prominent objects that can be seen from the current location The three surrounding points should form a triangle Ensure that the three prominent objects are readily identifiable objects that can be seen both on the map and on the ground 4 Identify the location of the three prominent objects on the topographical map 5 Mark the three prominent objects on the topographical map 6 Determine the magnetic bearing to each prominent object using a compass ri Determine the back bearing for each prominent object 8 Plot each back bearing on the topographical map by a placing the compass on the topographical map without disturbing the dial setting so that one side of the base plate intersects the symbol of the object and the compass is pointing in the direction of travel b keeping an edge of the compass base on the symbol of the object lining up the meridian lines on the compass with the easti
17. LEG ROUTE USING A GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM GPS RECEIVER Total Time 90 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Photocopy Attachment A Input a Multi Leg Route in the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS Receiver for each cadet Design a 4 km route with a minimum of 12 legs Assistant instructors are required for this lesson PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH A practical activity was chosen for this lesson as it is an interactive way to allow cadets to experience following a multi leg route using a GPS receiver in a safe and controlled environment INTRODUCTION REVIEW The review for this lesson is from EO M422 02 Set a Multi Leg Route Using a Global Positioning System GPS Receiver QUESTIONS Q1 Describe the differences between the two types of points of interest POls Q2 What are the steps to create a personalized mark Q3 What is a GOTO route M422 03 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 A marked POI saves the user s current location while a stored POI can be a manually entered GR It can be marked from
18. PF 001 child monitoring and communications and athletic training tracking CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 QUESTIONS Q1 What other websites exist for GPS users Q2 What cana GPS receiver user do when they access the program Google Earth Q3 What other web based resources exist for GPS receiver users ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The answers provided will be based on the cadets experience with web based resources A2 A GPS receiver user can upload their trekking history including start and finish location waypoints and POls Google Earth maps out the trek and displays it on a overlay of the map provided by the program The site is also capable of providing real time tracking A3 The other web based resources can be used for o pet and animal tracking personal safety locators and trackers theft deterrence devices for automotive vehicles cell phone tracking child monitoring and communications and athletic training tracking END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION QUESTIONS Q1 What are three software features of GPS receiver manufacturer software for computers Q2 What is the main purpose of mapping programs on a computer Q3 What website can be used to interface with a GPS receiver and provide an overlay of a persons trek ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 Three features of GPS receiver manufacturer software for computers can include any of the following set POls print maps on a computer
19. TETS SEES VESENER EE SPEED TRIF TIMER 30 05 02 00 AYG SPEED TRIP ODOM 0 07 40 0 SUNRISE SUNSET 07 07 05 54 H 41 31 970 WO81 338 348 03 01 25 12 FEB 00 Figure C 4 Position Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 46 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc COMPASS NAVIGATION This screen shows the direction of travel track as it relates to the direction of the destination bearing It will show the distance from the destination and time to the destination This screen is used frequently when navigating from point to point and for navigating around obstacles The digital compass graphic should not be confused with a real compass Although they look the same it can give a very different reading because without movement GPS receivers cannot display direction Read the owner s manual and determine if the compass is an electronic compass capable of identifying a compass heading while the operator is standing still M422 01C 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide T SFEED TIME TO NERT 60 0 46 07 DIST TO NENT TIME OF DAY 30 77 11 29 Figure C 5 Compass Navigation Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 47 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing international Inc MAP This screen identifies position A GPS without a built in map will identify where a
20. TIMER l 50 0 02 00 E h i YG SF EED TRIF Spor I 20 0 40 0 SUNRISE SUMSET 07 07 TRA H 41 S1 270 i WO81 38 348 03 01 25 LL w amp FEB 00 l Figure 5 Position Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 46 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc EXTRACTING A 6 FIGURE GR FROM A 10 FIGURE GR A 10 figure grid reference given from a GPS receiver has 10 digits and is accurate to 1 m To extract the 6 figure GR from the 10 figure GR one must understand how the figures work GRID REFERENCE WRITTEN FIGURES Definition Easting Northing A 10 figure GR accurate to 96779 86744 1 mis written as An 8 figure GR accurate to 9677 8674 10 m is written as A 6 figure GR accurate to 100 m of the same 967 867 coordinates is written as A 4 figure GR accurate to 1 000 m of the same coordinates is written as As illustrated in the above chart the 10 figure GR has two sets of numbers The first five digits are eastings and the second five digits are the northing coordinates When taking a GR from a GPS receiver it is important M422 03 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 to identify the 10 digits and extract the first three numbers from the easting portion and the first three numbers from the northing portion eg 96779 86744 The 6 figure grid reference can then be plotted on a map as GR 967 867 CREATING A PERSONALIZED MARK The steps to create a
21. Teaching Point 1 Conduct a Silver Star navigation review activity using learning stations Time 50 min Method Practical Activity ACTIVITY OBJECTIVE The objective of this activity is to have the cadet review Silver Star navigation RESOURCES Three GPS receivers Two topographical maps of the local area Nine pencils One pencil eraser Three copies of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key located at Attachment B Three copies of the Learning Station Information Sheets located at Attachments C E One copy of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet located at Attachment A for each cadet and Paper ACTIVITY LAYOUT Set up three learning stations as follows Station 1 O one GPS receiver O three pencils O one copy of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key and O one copy of the Learning Station 1 Information Sheet Station 2 O one GPS receiver O one topographical map of the local area O three pencils O one copy of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key O one copy of the Learning Station 2 Information Sheet and M422 01 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Station 3 O one GPS receiver O one topographical map of the local area O three pencils O one pencil eraser O one copy of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key and O one copy of the Learning Station 3 Information Sheet ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 er h s
22. Time 2 0 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Review the five activity descriptions in TP 1 Select one activity to conduct in the allocated time of 80 minutes Select a different activity for each session conducted Confirm the availability of local resources required for the activity selected and prepare the topographical map of the area and the routes being used to include grid references GR and bearings prior to delivering this lesson PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH A practical activity was chosen for this lesson as it is an interactive way to allow cadets to experience navigation by setting and following a route using a Global Positioning System GPS receiver in a safe and controlled environment This activity contributes to physical fitness and to the development of navigation skills and knowledge in a fun and challenging setting INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have practiced navigation as a member of a small group using a GPS receiver IMPORTANCE It is important for
23. and review previous navigation lessons and skills Gold Star cadets must consider the following guidelines when planning a navigation activity The overall safety of all navigators Establish clear boundaries for the exercise and give all navigators a safety bearing A safety bearing will lead them to a safe area like a road or other distinct feature The skill level of the navigators and what skills need to practiced in the navigation activity The type of navigation activity and the resources required for the navigation activity A full reconnaissance of the area should be carried out when planning ensuring the navigation activity has a start no more than 10 control points and a finish The first and last controls should be relatively easy to find as this improves a navigator s confidence and keeps the flow of the course going smoothly Control points must be in a safe location and visible from at least 10 m 33 feet away Have different routes in and out of a control as this keeps navigators from finding a control by watching someone else come out of it Set a time limit for the activity to be planned and conducted Position water first aid and supervisors at key controls in the course For controls without attending supervisors establish a method orienteering punch sign up list etc for proving or establishing that a navigator has passed through the control Log the departure and arrival times
24. cadets to plot bearings by using another useful tool while navigating confidently during field training exercises INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS Topographical maps can be requested through RCSU REFERENCES A2 041 B GL 382 005 PT 001 Directorate of Army Doctrine 8 2006 Maps field sketching compasses and the global positioning system Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C2 041 ISBN 0 07 136110 3 Seidman D amp Cleveland P 1995 The essential wilderness navigator Camden ME Ragged Mountain Press C422 04 15 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 04 16 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to C422 04 Instructional Guide Steps to Measure a Grid Bearing With a Protractor The steps to measuring a grid bearing with a protractor are Step 1 Plot the six figure GR start and finish points by 1 sharpening the pencil that is being used as this will allow for a more accurate plotting of a bearing 2 identifying using a romer to create a precise dot the start GR and marking it as Point A on the map 3 identifying using a romer to create a precise dot the finish GR and marking it as Point B on the map 4 drawing a straight line using the edge of the protractor starting from Point A and continuing to Point B This line is called the plotting ray and on extending the plotting ray past Point A and B and mark the line with an arrow to indicate the direction of travel This will make i
25. cadets into groups by the number of GPS receivers available Issue each group a map a compass and a GPS receiver Give the clue for the first checkpoint to the cadet leading the group Have the cadet leading the group input their provided coordinates and follow them along a route Start groups at two minute intervals and record start times On a piece of paper have cadets record clues in the order they complete the checkpoints Have cadets alternate turns leading the group at least once Collect sheets and record the finish time for each group Announce the group that locates the most checkpoints and has the fastest time as the winning group Conduct a debriefing where the cadets may be asked a how they felt about the activity b what they felt they accomplished C what they would try to improve on if given the opportunity to complete the activity again and d what they learned about using a GPS with a map If available use an assistant instructor at each checkpoint to give cadets the next clue and answer questions C422 06 7 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries which must take into account any dangerous obstacles or crossings If radios are available each group should be given a radio ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of the Construct a Course activity is to have the cadets set up a map and compass navigation activity RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group
26. how each question should be answered Station 1 Components of the GPS Select the correct statement The minimum number of satellites that are required to cover Describe how satellites ground the entire Earth is 18 stations and receivers work The ground control segment of the GPS is comprised of FIVE ground stations that track the satellites monitor their condition and Select the correct statement make any necessary adjustments to keep the system accurate Identify the error s in GPS receivers make up the user segment It is the GPS receiver the incorrect statements whether it is in an airplane a truck a boat or in a hiker s hand that detects the radio signals from the SATELLITES and calculates the receiver s position Components of a GPS receiver Antenna Screen Battery Compartment Buttons Identify the components of a GPS receiver Buttons on a GPS receiver On Off 6 Menu Backlight T NAV Enter 8 Mark Escape 9 Arrow Joystick Zoom in Navigate through the GPS Screens identified receiver and locate the Satellite screen 4 Compass navigation selected screen screens l Menu 5 Map determined by the instructor Identify and briefly explain the function of 5 buttons on the GPS receiver Position Map screen List the screens identified M422 01B 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Station 2 Set a map datum on a GPS receiver Process for confirming correct MGRS coordinat
27. lake to the park The destination leg of a route can only be changed if the route is active The steps to change the destination leg of an active route are as follows 1 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight the active route press MENU highlight SELECT LEG press ENTER St P M S e N use the arrow joystick to highlight the new destination POI from the route list in the example it would be park The current active leg in the route list will be bolded 9 press ENTER 10 use the arrow joystick to highlight YES and confirm the action 11 press ENTER and 12 press NAV to return to the last viewed navigation screen The multi leg route recalculates and the user is able to navigate to the new destination M422 02 13 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Edit a Saved Route A saved multi leg route can be edited by adding a leg inserting a new leg deleting a leg or replacing a leg The steps to edit a saved multi leg route are as follows 1 2 3 4 5 6 press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be edited press ENTER choose any of the following a add a leg 1 2 use the arrow joystick to highlight ADD POI press ENTER 3 search the POI database for the new POI and 4 highlight the desired POI and
28. of navigators so it is known who is still out on the course Brief navigators on safety rules and safety bearings prior to sending them out on a course Debrief the navigators after the activity to discover what they learned and how successful the course was CATCH A CACHE Gold Star cadets will be given a map a compass a GPS receiver trinkets and any other information required to navigate to as many geocaches as they can find in the predetermined time limit Groups of cadets will seek out the geocaches and upon finding one fill out the logbook remove one trinket and replace it with another trinket Participate in a geocache search by 1 receiving all required geocache information for geocaches in the area 2 setting up the GPS receiver by a confirming that the correct coordinate system is set and b confirming the correct map datum is set C422 06 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 C8 creating a POI from a coordinate mark by a pressing MARK b moving the arrow joystick to highlight the location field C pressing ENTER d using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification of the location field e pressing ENTER to move to the second line of the location field f using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line grid reference of the location field g pressing ENTER h personalizing the POI if desired as detailed in Personaliz
29. orbits are coordinated but not identical Each satellite completes an orbit every 12 hours Satellites orbit the Earth at 20 200 km 12 552 miles airplanes routinely fly at 11 13 km 37 000 43 000 feet the shuttle orbits at 370 km 230 miles Each satellite has three key pieces of hardware O Computer Controls its flight and order functions O Atomic clock Keeps accurate time within three nanoseconds approximately three billionths of a second O Radio transmitter Sends signals to Earth Ground stations The ground control segment of the GPS is comprised of five ground stations that track the satellites monitor their condition and make any necessary adjustments to keep the system accurate The entire system functions and is monitored by the US Department of Defence Information from the stations are sent to a master control station the Consolidated Space Operations Centre CSOC at Schriever Air Force Base in Colorado where the data is processed and adjustments are made The five ground stations are in Hawaii Colorado Diego Garcia Ascension Island and Kwajalein M422 01C 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Receivers GPS receivers make up the user segment It is the GPS receiver whether it is in an airplane a truck a boat or in a hiker s hand that detects the radio signals from the satellites and calculates the receiver s position When a receiver is turned on it inte
30. personalized mark are as follows 1 press MARK 2 personalize the POI by a moving the arrow joystick to highlight the name field b pressing ENTER C moving the arrow joystick to select the character desired pressing ENTER after each character is selected d moving the arrow joystick to OK once all characters have been selected e pressing ENTER f moving the arrow joystick to highlight the icon symbol field g pressing ENTER h moving the arrow joystick to the desired icon symbol and i pressing ENTER to select the icon symbol 3 move the arrow joystick to highlight the save field and 4 press ENTER CREATING A COORDINATE MARK The steps to create a coordinate mark are as follows It is important to make sure that the GPS receiver has been set to the same coordinate system as the coordinates that are going to be entered 1 press MARK 2 move the arrow joystick to highlight the location field 3 press ENTER 4 use the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification of the location field J press ENTER to move to the second line of the location field 6 use the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line grid reference of the location field Moving the arrow joystick in an up down motion will increase decrease the value at the cursor point Moving the arrow joystick in a left right motion will move
31. press ENTER The new POI is added to the end of the route insert a new leg 1 use the arrow joystick to highlight the POI that the new leg will be inserted in front of 2 press MENU 3 highlight INSERT POI 4 press ENTER 5 search the POI database for the new POI and 6 highlight the desired POI and press ENTER delete a leg 1 use the arrow joystick to highlight the POI that is to be deleted 2 press MENU M422 02 14 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 3 highlight DELETE POI and 4 press ENTER d replace a leg 1 use the arrow joystick to highlight the POI that is to be replaced 2 3 press MENU 4 press ENTER highlight REPLACE POI 5 search the POI database for the new POI and 6 highlight the desired POI and press ENTER T use the arrow joystick to highlight SAVE ROUTE once the route has been edited 8 press ENTER 9 highlight OK 10 press ENTER Reverse a Route Reversing a route takes a previously saved route and recreates it in the reverse order Using the previous multi leg route example the reverse route would be park gt lake gt bridge gt campground The steps to reverse a route are as follows 1 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER 2 3 4 use the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be reversed 5 press MENU 6 highlight REVERSE ROUTE and T press ENTER Delete a Rou
32. receiver is set with a different datum for the same location GPS Receiver Datum set to NAD 27 GPS Receiver Datum set to NAD 83 The coordinates are identified as The coordinates are identified as grid zone designator 18 T grid zone designator 18 T 100 000 m square identifier TD and 100 000 m square identifier TP and 10 figure GR as 96785 86748 10 figure GR as 96830 86973 Note the difference between the coordinates of the same location using a different datum PROCESS FOR CONFIRMING CORRECT MGRS COORDINATES MGRS coordinates allow a GPS receiver to work in conjunction with a topographical map To confirm the MGRS coordinates correspond with the topographical map the user will have to 1 identify the MGRS grid system on the topographical map 2 locate the grid zone designator and 3 confirm the 100 000 m square identifier Identifying the MGRS Grid System on a Topographical Map Locating the MGRS on topographical maps provides the navigator with another method to confirm the GPS receiver is reporting coordinates that correspond with the map being used If the coordinates are different the navigator will know that the GPS receiver is set to another datum and will have to be adjusted to provide the correct coordinates Locating the Grid Zone Designator The location of the grid zone designator is found in the marginal information The zone for the example in Figure E 1 is 18 T M422 01E 2 A CR CCP 70
33. second line of the location field 6 using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line grid reference of the location field 7 pressing ENTER 8 personalizing the POI if desired 9 moving the arrow joystick to the save field and 10 pressing ENTER d navigating to the geocache by 1 selecting a GOTO route 2 choosing the geocache POI 3 navigating to the area 4 searching the area of the POI for the geocache and 5 locating the geocache and e swapping a treasure and obtaining the next geocache information form Have each group repeat Steps 4 b e until they have located all four geocaches C422 01 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 6 Conduct a debriefing by asking the cadets a how they felt about the activity b how they felt they worked together C what portion of the activity challenged them the most d how their teammates assisted them when they were challenged and e if there are any specific examples of when their team experienced difficulty SAFETY The possibility exists for cadets to become lost or disoriented while searching for a geocache Establish boundaries a stop time and a safety bearing before cadets participate in the activity CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 The cadets participation in the geocache activity will serve as the confirmation of this TP END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets participation in the geocache activity will serve as the confirmation of this l
34. the eXplorist 200 GPS receiver 1 Power up the receiver Press the ENTER button Press MENU button Highlight the map units and press ENTER Highlight the map datum and press ENTER 2 3 4 Highlight the preferences and press ENTER 5 6 7 Highlight the correct datum and press ENTER M422 01D 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment D to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 01D 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide LEARNING STATION 3 INFORMATION SHEET IDENTIFYING MGRS GRID SYSTEM ON A GPS RECEIVER Ensure that the GPS receiver coordinate system is set to Military Grid Reference System MGRS GPS receivers will identify the UTM coordinates when reading location to include grid zone designator 100 000 m square identifier and GR GPS receivers depending on the make and model are capable of selecting an MGRS accuracy of four six eight and ten figure GRs If the GPS receiver being used for this TP is enabled with this capability it is suggested that it be set to a six figure GR GPS Datum Set to NAD 27 GPS Datum Set to NAD 83 Figure E 1 GPS Receiver Coordinates Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence M422 01E 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide The coordinates displayed on the GPS receivers in Figure E 1 are set to MGRS Each GPS
35. the map page of the GPS receiver or it can taken from the list of POIs that come pre loaded into the GPS receiver s memory A2 To create a personalized mark 1 press MARK 2 personalize the POI by a moving the arrow joystick to highlight the name field b pressing ENTER c moving the arrow joystick to select the character desired pressing ENTER after each character is selected d moving the arrow joystick to OK once all characters have been selected e pressing ENTER f moving the arrow joystick to highlight the icon symbol field g pressing ENTER h moving the arrow joystick to the desired icon symbol and i pressing ENTER to select the icon symbol 3 move the arrow joystick to highlight the save field and 4 press ENTER A3 A GOTO route is the simplest and most common type of route A GOTO route is a one leg route with a starting point present location and a destination selected POI This type of route is useful when travelling to a specific manually entered or stored POI GOTO routes can only be used once OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have followed a multi leg route using a GPS receiver IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to know how to follow a multi leg route using a GPS receiver as each leg represents a checkpoint during an expedition Breaking the expedition into legs allows for planning in rest points meal locations sleep locations and ensures that cadets feel a s
36. the recreational user developed a hide and seek type game with a high tech twist and treasure An individual would find a location in some out of the way place record its coordinates and leave a stash behind for another gamer to locate EQUIPMENT REQUIRED A GPS receiver and cache coordinates are all that is required to geocache Geocache coordinates define the location of a geocache They can be found through friends and on the Internet The following items will provide a geocacher with a more enjoyable experience Spare batteries Geocaching depends on the use of a GPS receiver the GPS receiver is powered by batteries In the event a GPS receivers batteries expire while in use it is imperative that the geocacher have replacement batteries Map and compass In the event the GPS receiver fails or the batteries go dead the map and compass will serve as a backup tool for navigation A map will also provide the navigator with a detailed view of the landscape Not all GPS receivers provide enough detail to effectively understand contours and terrain Pen or pencil and paper Used for taking notes about the route and to leave notes in the cache An item to leave in the cache Most caches have treasures left for individuals to find The best items are unique out of the ordinary items eg foreign coins fossils exotic matchbooks or anything that is attractive to a collector Once an individual has located a cache they take a treasure and repla
37. 0 a centre hole and 11 conversion scales for converting units of distance The outside of the protractor indicates both degrees and mils C422 04 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Figure 1 Protractor Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 What is the protractor made of Q2 How many romers are there on the protractor and where are they located Q3 What do the graduations around the outside edge of the protractor show ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The protractor is made of flexible plastic A2 There are two romers 1 25 000 and 1 50 000 scale located at the top left and right hand corners A3 The graduations are in mils and degrees C422 04 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 2 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets measure a grid bearing with a protractor Time 20 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Explain and demonstrate the complete skill of how to measure a grid bearing with a protractor while cadets observe to include a plotting the six figure GR start and finish points b placing the protractor on the map C aligning the protractor parallel to the eastings and d reading the grid bearing at the point where the plotting ray crosses the edge of the protractor Explain and demonstrate each step required to mea
38. 1 highlight ACTIVE TRACK press MENU highlight DEACTIVATE press ENTER and Oo at Sa ot ge press ENTER CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 7 The cadets creation of a backtrack route will serve as the confirmation of this TP END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets creation of a GOTO route a multi leg route and a backtrack route will serve as the confirmation of this lesson CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION This lesson is assessed IAW A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 3 Annex B 422 PC CLOSING STATEMENT Being able to set a multi leg route is one of the most important skills to master when using a GPS receiver The establishment of a route ensures efficient and accurate travel from POI to POI making the experience more enjoyable for all INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS GPS receiver instructions are based on the Magellan eXplorist 200 For instruction on use with other GPS receiver models refer to the user s manual This EO shall be conducted during the allocated bivouac field training exercise REFERENCES C1 178 Thales Navigation Inc 2004 Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS user manual San Dimas CA Thales Navigation Inc M422 02 19 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 02 20 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA ry INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M422 03 FOLLOW A MULTI
39. 4 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide ONE THOUSAND METRE UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID ZONE 18 GRID ZONE DESIGNATION 100 000 m SQUARE IDENTIFICATION Figure E 2 Grid Zone Designator Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Confirming the 100 000 m Square Identifier The 100 000 m square identifier is located in the same marginal information area as the grid zone designator The example in Figure E 2 states that the map is adjacent to the 100 000 m square identifications UE and UD Additionally when the 100 000 m square identifier on a topographical map joins an adjacent grid zone the identifier will be noted on the map in the 00 00 grid square This is illustrated in Figure E 3 M422 01E 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide 31 C 4 ae ai Ee 3 299000m E 300 77 30 Sat 44 15 Figure E 3 Topographical Map 100 000 m Square Identifier Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Position The position screen is used for confirming coordinates datum time date and the EPE This screen is used infrequently for brief periods mostly in planning and after marking a waypoint No easy to understand graphics like a compass rose are displayed After acquiring enough satellites to begin navigating many GPS receivers automatically go to the position screen or the map screen
40. A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA ry INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 1 EO M422 01 REVIEW SILVER STAR NAVIGATION Total Time 60 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Learning stations are a form of group work where the cadets learn by sorting through the information presented When setting up learning stations ensure there is enough room for each cadet to be comfortable and adequate space for writing down information When the cadets arrive at a learning station all required information shall already be available These stations should be placed close enough together to minimize time for movement and far enough apart to avoid interruptions from other groups For this lesson set up three learning stations for reviewing navigation Instructors assigned to a learning station shall review their station s questions and locate and record their answers on the sheet provided prior to the cadets arrival Photocopy the Silver Star Navigation Review worksheet located at Attachment A for each cadet Make three cop
41. ATED ANSWERS A1 The durability size and colour are the factors that should be considered when selecting a geocache container A2 The size of a geocache container limits the amount of items and treasures that can be placed in the container A3 Items that can be placed in a geocache are visitor register pen or pencil trinkets or treasures e resealable plastic bag and identifying information C422 02 9 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 2 Describe geocache locations Time 10 min Method Interactive Lecture GEOCACHE LOCATIONS A geocache location should offer a unique challenge or experience for the finder What some might consider an easy cache might present exciting challenges for others Guidelines exist when determining where geocaches should should not be located The location of a cache defines its success and popularity location is like marketing make it appeal to people Locations a Geocache Should Be Placed In the vicinity of a unique feature Locating a place that has a unique feature will be interesting and attractive to geocachers In a location where there is incredible scenery or a gorgeous view Geocachers enjoy visiting places that have a great view Not every geocacher is going to look for a difficult challenge searching for a scenic site with little difficulty will be just as rewarding to some In a location that provides a significant challenge Geocaches that are challe
42. BS for best site WS for water source etc Date and time Automatically recorded and saved when a POI is created Icon symbol Some GPS receivers allow the user to assign an icon symbol to the newly created POI This icon symbol appears on the map page when the area around the POI is displayed This is an optional feature and is not required a default icon symbol appears when one is not selected by the user CREATE POls Always confirm that the GPS receiver is set to the correct coordinate system and map datum prior to creating POIs There are four different ways that POIs can be created and saved into the memory of the GPS receiver They are created using a quick mark a personalized mark M422 02 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 a coordinate mark and or a map cursor mark Quick Mark The steps to execute a quick mark are as follows 1 press MARK and Z press ENTER A quick mark uses the mark position defaults and therefore is not personalized by the user To distinguish the POI from other POls it is automatically assigned a number Numbers are assigned in chronological order and no two POls have the same number For example the first marked POI would be saved as POIO01 Personalized Mark A personalized mark is inputted in the same way as a quick mark Once the coordinates have been entered it is then personalized to enable easy identification by entering 1 name and 2 icon symbol The step
43. E and UD Additionally when the 100 000 m square identifier on a topographical map joins an adjacent grid zone the identifier will be noted on the map in the 00 00 grid square This is illustrated in Figure D 2 M422 01D 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment D to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide 31 C 4 ea E Sun E 300_ P N moogtO6y N WOOOvO6r Figure D 2 Topographical Map 100 000 m Square Identifier Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence IDENTIFYING THE MAP DATUM FROM A TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP The map datum of a topographical map is located in the lower right side of the marginal information under the conversion scale for elevations M422 01D 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment D to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide CONVERSION SCALE FOR ELEVATIONS Metres 30 20 10 0 50 100 Feet100 50 0 100 200 300 CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 METRES Elevations in Metres above Mean Sea Level North American Datum 1927 sc Figure D 3 Map Datum Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence SETTING A DATUM ON A GPS To set a datum on a GPS 1 Identify the map datum of the topographical map being used as the reference 2 With the GPS go to the set up menu then NAVIGATION then SYSTEM or UNITS 3 Highlight the map datum s box 4 Scroll through the list of datums and find the map datum being used 5 Set the correct datum To set the datum of
44. GPS Datum Set to NAD 27 GPS Datum Set to NAD 83 Figure 4 GPS Receiver Coordinates Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence The coordinates displayed on the GPS receivers in Figure 4 are set to MGRS Each GPS receiver is set with a different datum for the same location GPS Receiver Datum Set to NAD 27 GPS Receiver Datum Set to NAD 83 The coordinates are identified as The coordinates are identified as grid zone designator 18 T grid zone designator 18 T 100 000 m square identifier TD and 100 000 m square identifier TP and 10 figure GR as 96785 86748 e 10 figure GR as 96830 86973 M422 03 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Note the difference between the coordinates of the same location using a different datum Position The position screen is used for confirming coordinates datum time date and the estimated position error EPE This screen is used infrequently for brief periods mostly in planning and after marking a waypoint No easy to understand graphics like a compass rose are displayed After acquiring enough satellites to begin navigating many GPS receivers automatically go to the position screen or the map screen In addition to the information mentioned above an operator may find current speed heading and a trip odometer On some GPS receivers the information displayed can be changed se es es ee PS 0345 W 015 OF povoelaore cmmorortboane SPEED TRIF
45. GPS receiver Downloading GPS receiver data to a personal computer With GPS mapping software information that has been recorded with the GPS receiver such as waypoints routes and tracks can be downloaded This data can then be viewed as an overlay on the maps displayed on the computer or stored on the computer s hard drive for future reference CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 What common software features are available for computers and GPS receivers Q2 What is the benefit of having the ability to print a map from the computer GPS receiver software Q3 What information can be downloaded from a GPS receiver to a computer C422 03 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The common software features available for computers and GPS receivers are options that allow the users to set POls print maps on a computer upload maps waypoints routes and tracks to GPS receivers and download GPS receiver data to a personal computer A2 The ability to print the map gives the user a hard copy of the planned route reducing the requirement to purchase additional maps of the area A3 The information that has been recorded with the GPS receiver such as waypoints routes and tracks can be downloaded This data can then be viewed as an overlay on the maps displayed on the computer or stored on the computer s hard drive for future reference Teaching Point 2 Describe web based resources Time
46. GPS technology is a very accurate way to navigate from point to point Geocashing is one of the fastest ways to get real world experience with a GPS receiver This sport is a fun and challenging activity that combines modern technologies with outdoor navigation skills C422 02 13 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS Print a list of local geocaches from a website eg www geocaching com illustrating the information from an established geocache EO C422 01 Locate a Geocache shall be completed prior to conducting this lesson Time has not been allocated during this lesson for the cadets to create a geocache A geocaching activity has been developed as an option in EO C422 06 Practice Navigation as a Member of a Small Group Corps are strongly encouraged to use these complementary periods to create and locate geocaches REFERENCES C2 142 ISBN 0 7645 6933 3 McNamara J 2004 GPS for dummies Hoboken NJ Wiley Publishing Inc C422 02 14 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO C422 02 Instructional Guide Stash a Cache Record and Report Form GEOCACHE TYPE GEOCACHE SIZE eg Traditional Multi or Letterbox eg Micro Small Regular or Large MM DDIYYYY Latitude amp Longitude MGRS Degrees and Minutes Grid Zone Designator COORDINATES o 100 000 m Square Identifier 10 Figure GR W Le N DIFFICULTY me 5 2 as a5 as 5 TERRAIN a 15 2 25 9 os 4s 5 Provide the geocache
47. INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have discussed map software IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to know that map software is available and GPS receiver units are capable of networking with a computer and web based software The combination of map software and GPS receivers has the ability to enhance planning and tracking capabilities Cadets can plan their route on a computer review their route with more detail print usable maps and download prepared routes with waypoints and points of interest POIs The ability to perform these functions may allow the cadet to plan and design the navigation component of a day hike or expedition with meticulous scrutiny C422 03 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Describe GPS manufacturer software features Time 15 min Method Interactive Lecture SOFTWARE FEATURES GPS receiver manufacturers have developed a number of software products that allow the user to access the GPS receiver s map on a computer The ability to work with the map on a computer allows the cadet to plan and prepare routes and study the terrain along the route Every GPS receiver s make and model is typically sold with a different base map preloaded map that comes with the purchase of a GPS receiver These maps can be added to commercially available maps software to upload a different map This allows new and improvised benefits like increased detail different styles of
48. POls per group Compass one per group Topographical map of the local area one per group Whistle one per cadet First aid kit one Hand held radio one per group and Input a Multi leg Route in the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS Receiver handout located at Attachment A one per cadet ACTIVITY LAYOUT Break the route into three legs POIs for each group ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 Brief the cadets prior to the start of the activity to include an explanation of a the objectives and importance of the activity b the coordinates they will require to input their routes including start and end points and the POls and C any safety guidelines that must be followed while performing the activity Divide cadets into groups of no more than four Provide one GPS receiver topographical map of the local area compass and hand held radio to each group Provide a whistle and a copy of the Input a Multi Leg Route in the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS Receiver handout to each cadet Have each group determine who will navigate each leg Assign each cadet within each group their POI coordinates M422 03 10 T A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Have the cadets in navigating order input their provided coordinates using a GPS receiver by a b C confirming that the GPS receiver is set to the correct coordinate system confirming that the correct map datum is set marking the start point using a personalized mark by
49. S FOR CONFIRMING CORRECT MGRS COORDINATES MGRS coordinates allow a GPS receiver to work in conjunction with a topographical map To confirm the MGRS coordinates correspond with the topographical map the user will have to 1 Identify the MGRS grid system on the topographical map 2 Locate the grid zone designator 3 Confirm the 100 000 m square identifier Identifying MGRS Grid System on a Topographical Map Locating the MGRS grid system on topographical maps provides the navigator with another method to confirm the GPS receiver is reporting coordinates that correspond with the map being used If the coordinates are different the navigator will know that the GPS receiver is set to another datum and will have to be adjusted to provide the correct coordinates Locating the Grid Zone Designator The location of the grid zone designator is found in the marginal information The zone for the example in Figure D 1 is 18 T ONE THOUSAND METRE UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID ZONE 18 GRID ZONE DESIGNATION 100 000 m SQUARE IDENTIFICATION 3 as tas 49 UD TD Figure D 1 Grid Zone Designator Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Confirming the 100 000 m Square Identifier The 100 000 m square identifier is located in the same marginal information area as the grid zone designator The example in Figure D 1 states that the map is adjacent to the 100 000 m square identifications U
50. Terrain rating Typically based on a scale from one to five one being easy and five being hard The scale is often developed by the host website when filling out this information consult their rating system Short description Provides the geocacher with location information such as terrain general difficulty levels and altitudes Long description Provides details about the geocache including contents and what the container looks like Trackable items These items are placed as treasures The requirement of the finder is to report online back to the creator of the geocache and comment that they have located their trackable treasure and will follow up when they place the item in another geocache The item will continue to get tracked as it is passed from geocache to geocache MAINTAINING THE GEOCACHE Servicing a Geocache Once a geocache has been established it becomes the responsibility of the creator to maintain the cache This means visiting the cache periodically to verify that it is still there and in the same condition The cache may need to be resupplied with little trinkets and treasures If the site seems like it is being disturbed or damaged consider moving the geocache or removing the geocache entirely If one determines they no longer want to manage the geocache it must be entirely removed from the location and the website Overseeing Posted Blogs The geocache created will hopefully be visited by many people By registering
51. cadets to practice navigation skills using a map a compass and a GPS receiver Participation in these activities contributes to the development of navigation skills and knowledge in a fun and challenging setting Cadets will rely on this skill set throughout navigation and expedition training C422 06 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Have the cadets participate in a navigation activity Time 80 min Method Practical Activity SUPERVISE NAVIGATION Green Red Star cadets will be given a map and a compass to conduct a predetermined navigation activity Green Red Star cadets will be given directions by a staff member and the resources required to complete the chosen activity Gold Star cadets will supervise and assist the Green Red Star cadets while they participate in a chosen navigation activity Gold Star cadets will be provided with a GPS receiver to aid in confirming answers as required NAVIGATION BRAIN TEASER Using a map a compass and a GPS receiver Gold Star cadets will navigate to predetermined points on the map The course will consist of a minimum of four legs approximately 500 1 000 m in length Following the clues provided when each group arrives at the checkpoint they will record the GR on the GPS receiver to ensure they were at each checkpoint and are given clues magnetic bearing GR or distance directing them to another checkpoint The clues should make the cadets think about and use their navigation skill
52. ce it with one of their own Appropriate clothes and footwear Geocaching can have the navigator crossing various types of terrain in many different conditions A geocacher should wear clothing suitable to stay warm and dry for the environmental conditions of the day and the terrain to be covered Food and water Some caches take all day to find it is important to be prepared with enough food and water to successfully complete the search C422 01 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Trekking pole or walking stick If the terrain is rough a good walking stick or set of trekking poles can make travelling up and down hills and negotiating uneven surfaces easier Flashlight Can be used in order to see into cracks and crevices where a cache might be hidden It also becomes useful if forced to travel in low light conditions Cellphone In case contact with emergency services is required CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 What is geocaching Q2 When did geocaching originate Q3 What equipment is required to geocache ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 Geocaching is a worldwide activity where one person establishes a cache and posts its location for others to find Participants load the coordinates of the cache into their GPS receiver and then use it to find the cache A2 Geocaching originated in May 2000 A3 A GPS receiver and geocache coordinates are all that is required to geocache Teaching Point 2 Have the cadets in groups of th
53. cific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Photocopy the Steps to Determine Location Using Resection handout located at Attachment A for each cadet Select a location where three prominent objects are easily identifiable and can be seen both on the map and on the ground Ensure compasses and topographical maps of the local area are available PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH A demonstration and performance was chosen for this lesson as it allows the instructor to explain and demonstrate the skill of determining location using resection while providing an opportunity for the cadet to practice the skill under supervision INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall be expected to determine their location using resection within 500 m IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to Know how to determine their location using resection as it provides the cadet an opportunity to enhance their map and compass skills If a cadet is required to find their location and or report their location they will be able to do so quickly and effectively C422 05 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets determine their location using resection Time 50 min Method Demonstration and Performance T
54. close by This is geocaching etiquette C422 02 10 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 QUESTIONS Q1 What makes a geocache attractive for others to visit Q2 Where should geocaches not be placed Q3 Why should geocaches not be placed near government buildings or public structures ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 Geocachers like to find caches in locations that have some unique features or incredible scenery and that are challenging to navigate A2 Geocaches should not be placed underground in environmentally sensitive areas in national parks or designated wilderness areas within 46 m 150 feet of railroad tracks anywhere that might cause concerns about possible terrorist activities and within 160 m one tenth of a mile of another geocache A3 People who do not understand the game may mistake a geocache for something dangerous Teaching Point 3 Identify how to submit a geocache to a website Time 10 min Method Interactive Lecture ACCESSING GEOCACHE WEBSITES Search the Internet to locate websites that post geocaches There is no cost associated with most geocache websites Websites have rules and guidelines to follow when submitting a geocache Distribute the Stash a Cache Record amp Report Form located at Attachment A to each cadet This is the information a website requires to post a geocache Show the cadets the information sheet of the geocache in the local area printed f
55. d the conversion of bearings is straightforward Another useful tool is to create a table Magnetic Declination Grid then add or subtract in the direction referred to by the declination Example 1 with all the required information Declination 1725 mils W 125 mils 1600 mils For West declination going west the mathematical formula for finding the magnetic bearing 1600 mils 125 mils 1725 mils C422 04 14 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Example 2 the grid bearing is missing Magnetic Declination Ga 3200 mils w250mis If 250 mils 3200 mils then 3200 mils 250 mils 2950 mils The answer is 2950 mils Example 3 the magnetic bearing is missing Magnetic Declination Gia S800 mi 6050 mils If 300 mils 6050 mils then 6050 mils 300 mils 6350 mils The answer is 6350 mils All bearings are measured clockwise from their north point The magnetic bearing will be greater than the corresponding grid bearing by the amount of the GMA CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 4 The cadets performance of converting bearings will serve as the confirmation of this TP END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets measuring of a grid bearing with a protractor will serve as the confirmation of this lesson CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT Knowing how to measure a grid bearing with a protractor enhances map and compass skills and allows
56. d March 18 2009 from http shop groundspeak com productDetail cfm CategoryID 13 amp ProductID 24 Regular Plastic storage containers and ammo boxes 30 50 cal are considered regular size They are able to store most items large or small and contain a large log book OFFIGIAL GEOCAGHE PLEASE DO NOT DISTURBI Official Game Pieco GEOCACHING COM Figure 3 Pelican Cache Container Medium Note From Shop Groundspeak by Groundspeak 2008 Pelican Cache Container Medium Copyright 2000 2008 by Groundspeak Inc Retrieved March 18 2009 from http shop groundspeak com productDetail cfm CategorylD 13 amp ProductID 131 Large This container is the size of a 19 L 5 gallon bucket or fuel can C422 02 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Colour Containers can be any colour but since the point of geocaching is to locate a hidden treasure it is common to have the geocache coloured to blend in with the surrounding environment Depending on the terrain and vegetation olive and black are good colours for camouflage ig hs rT is le F F T i lt 5 a E h 7 a Ey a e i s amp gt i x E a Fay i 7 q j r v 1 a F _ ay Be Figure 4 Geocache Container Note From BB by BBC 2005 Photo Galleries Retrieved March 17 2009 from http www bbc co uk wiltshire content image_galleries wiltshire_05 year_in_pixs_gallery shtml 6 CONTENTS OF A GEOCACHE Visitor Register Eve
57. d Reference Coordinates een nna Location Description Hint Location Description Hint Geocache Name Geocache Name 0107 O1 z e D a FAN ES GEOCACHE DETAILS Grid Zone Designation f Grid Zone Designation 100 000 m Square Identification 100 000 m Square Identification ____ po Map Datum Map Datum Sia Reference Coordinates Grid Reference Coordinates ee ee ee Rope cee eed Location Description Hint Location Description Hint C422 01A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 01A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA mane INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C422 02 CREATE A GEOCACHE Total Time 30 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Photocopy the Stash a Cache Record and Report Form located at Attachment A for each cadet Visit www geocaching com and print the information sheet of a geocache in the local area for use in TP 3 PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH An interactive lectur
58. d a geocache C422 01 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 IMPORTANCE Geocaching is an activity where an individual locates points and objects through given coordinates using a GPS and provided clues This activity develops GPS receiver skills and benefits the cadet by practicing moving from points of origin to intended destinations using a GPS receiver C422 01 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Describe the sport of geocaching Time 5 min Method Interactive Lecture GEOCACHING The word geocaching is pronounced GEE oh cash ing and comes from two separate words geo for geology and cache which means a hidden store of goods or valuables Geocaching is a worldwide activity where one person establishes a cache and posts its location for others to find Participants load the coordinates of the cache into their GPS receiver and then use it to find the cache The most common website for information about geocaching is www geocaching com This website allows participants to locate geocaches or to report the location of new geocaches ORIGIN Geocaching originated in May 2000 when the United States government turned off GPS selective availability selective availability purposely degrades the accuracy of the GPS signal At that point civilian GPS receivers that were formerly accurate to 90 m 300 feet became accurate to 3 9 m 10 30 feet This level of accuracy offered some new creative possibilities When accuracy was increased
59. determine a location for each geocache Have the cadets record the coordinates of each geocache in their GPS receiver On a piece of paper have cadets record the GR coordinates and details of each geocache Have cadets alternate using the GPS receiver to create or maintain the geocaches as required oa e OP ge SS Conduct a debriefing where the cadets may be asked a how they felt about the activity b what they felt they accomplished C what they would try to improve on if given the opportunity to complete the activity again and d what they learned about using a GPS with a map SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries which must take into account any dangerous obstacles or crossings If radios are available each group should be given a radio CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 The cadets participation in the navigation activity will serve as the confirmation of this TP END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets participation in the navigation activity will serve as the confirmation of this lesson CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil C422 06 11 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CLOSING STATEMENT Navigating using a GPS receiver or a map and compass are skills that can also be used in situations outside the Cadet Program True proficiency in these skills used during these activities can only be achieved by practicing These activities allow the cadets the opportunity to develop their naviga
60. dets performance as they practice creating a GOTO route and walking to the destination POI Note Assistant instructors may be used to monitor the cadets performance Always confirm that the GPS receiver is set to the correct coordinate system and map datum prior to creating a GOTO route A GOTO route is the most commonly route used on a GPS receiver A GOTO route has the following features It is a straight line from the user s present location to a selected POI It can not be saved It is erased when the GPS receiver is turned off It is created using stored POls M422 02 8 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 All POls that have been saved or that were pre loaded into the GPS receiver can be accessed using the POI database POIs can be searched by nearest to present location or alphabetically The POI database is accessed by ite pressing MENU using the arrow joystick to highlight POINTS OF INTEREST 2 3 pressing ENTER A using the arrow joystick in an up down motion to highlight MY POINTS OF INTEREST using the arrow joystick in a left right motion to select NEAREST or ALPHABETICALLY pressing ENTER and using the arrow joystick to highlight the desired POI The steps to create a GOTO route are as follows 1 press GOTO 2 use the POI database to select highlight the POI that will be the destination and 3 press ENTER If there is already an existing GOTO route set the GPS receiver will ask the user
61. e a Mark Step 2 i moving the arrow joystick to the save field and j pressing ENTER 4 navigating to the geocache by a selecting a GOTO route b choosing the geocache POI C navigating to the area d searching the area of the POI for the geocache and e locating the geocache and 9 swapping a treasure and 6 reflecting on the experience as a group CREATE OR MAINTAIN A CACHE Use the Stash a Cache form located at Attachment A of C422 02 Create a Geocache when creating each geocache Gold Star cadets will either create and setup geocache container s by hiding them in the surrounding area and marking their coordinates or maintain an existing geocache Gold Star cadets will be given a map a compass and a GPS receiver trinkets and any other information required to create or maintain the geocaches If time permits allow other cadets to seek out the geocaches and upon finding one fill out the logbook remove one trinket and replace it with another trinket Identify the geocache coordinates by 1 setting the desired coordinate system 2 setting the correct datum C422 06 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 3 recording the coordinates at the location and 4 describing the geocache s physical location Depending on terrain selected and complexity of the navigation instructions a navigation trail can be as easy or as challenging as you wish to make it ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of the Sup
62. e map cursor When navigating to a POI the GPS receiver indicates arrival at the destination POI Depending on the GPS receiver being used this may be a beep a vibration or a flash on the screen CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 4 The cadets creation of a GOTO route will serve as the confirmation of this TP Teaching Point 5 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets create and activate deactivate a multi leg route Time 30 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Explain and demonstrate creating a multi leg route while the cadets observe Explain and demonstrate each step required to create a multi leg route Monitor the cadets as they practice each step Explain and demonstrate activating deactivating a multi leg route will the cadets observe Explain and demonstrate each step required to activate deactivate a multi leg route Monitor the cadets as they practice each step Monitor the cadets performance as they practice creating a multi leg route activating a multi leg route navigating using a multi leg route and deactivating a multi leg route For the practical portion of this TP cadets will create a multi leg route with three legs using stored POIs Note Assistant instructors may be used to monitor the cadets performance M422 02 10 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 MULTI LEG ROUTE Always confirm that the GPS receiver is set to the co
63. e system The learning station instructor shall reference the local topographical map and complete the following questions prior to the cadets arrival Given a topographical map 1 Identify MGRS grid system on a topographical map of the local area anda Answer GPS receiver complete the process for confirming correct Locate the grid zone designator MGRS coordinate system Answer Confirm the 100 000 m square identifier Answer Map Datum The learning station instructor shall refer to the local topographical map Locate the map datum and find the correct datum from a topographical map MAP Datum Set Datum Consult the GPS Receiver User Manual and Learning Station 2 Information Sheet for the detailed instructions on how to set the datum h Set the map datum on a GPS receiver ona GPS receiver Datum to be set M422 01B 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Station 3 Identify location using a GPS receiver Confirm that the correct Confirm correct coordinate system coordinate system is set on the GPS receiver Confirm that the cadet follows the process and ensures the correct coordinate system is set What coordinate system is used MGRS coordinate system should be used Locate geographical position screen in a GPS receiver Locate geographical position screen in a GPS receiver Record the GR Read the GR from the GPS Plot the GR on the topographical map M422 01B 3
64. e was chosen for this lesson to introduce the cadet to creating a geocache INTRODUCTION REVIEW The review for this lesson is from EO C422 01 Locate a Geocache QUESTIONS Q1 What is geocaching Q2 When did geocaching originate Q3 What equipment is required to geocache C422 02 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 Geocaching is a worldwide activity where one person establishes a cache and posts its location for others to find Participants load the coordinates of the cache into their GPS receiver and then use it to find the cache A2 Geocaching originated in May 2000 A3 A GPS receiver and geocache coordinates are all that is required to geocache OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall be able to create a geocache IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to create a geocache Cadets who participate in expeditions may come across unique places that they would consider a location many people would enjoy visiting Being able to establish a geocache will allow others to seek out and find their unique location C422 02 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Identify factors to consider when selecting a container to store a geocache Time 5 min Method Interactive Lecture CHARACTERISTICS OF A GEOCACHE STORAGE CONTAINER Creating a geocache requires careful planning The geocache contains items that will have to be stored inside the container and must be able to withstand environmental co
65. each other or sharing answers SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries which must take into account any dangerous obstacles or crossings If radios are available each group should be given a radio ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of the Navigation Brain Teaser activity is to have the cadets as members of a small group find as many checkpoints as possible RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group Topographical map one per group Compass one per group Whistle one per cadet e Paper and A predetermined navigation route with checkpoints ACTIVITY LAYOUT e Clearly mark the start and finish lines Position a clue s at each checkpoint to direct the groups to the next checkpoint C422 06 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS of o Sa es eS fF _ n O The clues should not be too easy or too hard for the cadets to find each checkpoint Stagger the clues to prevent groups from following each other or sharing answers Examples of this may include having groups enter or leave checkpoints at different directions and having the order of checkpoints different for each group Conduct a safety briefing to include an explanation of a actions to be taken if a cadet becomes lost b time limits for the activity or boundaries d rules and safety procedures for the activity and e a narrative of the specific activity being conducted Divide the
66. ed in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Create four geocaches for cadets to locate Record information about each geocache on the Geocache Information Form located at Attachment A and photocopy one for each group This form will be provided to the cadets to assist them with locating geocaches For each geocache place a number of small treasures and a geocache register inside a watertight storage vessel Label each vessel and place it in the appropriate location The activity is developed using four geocaches Each cadet shall have the opportunity to practice locating a geocache Depending on the number of cadets more geocaches may be required PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH An interactive lecture was chosen for TP 1 to introduce the cadets to geocaching A practical activity was chosen for TP 2 as it is an interactive way for the cadets to locate a geocache and increase their Global Positioning System GPS receiver navigation skills in a safe controlled environment This activity contributes to the development of navigation skills and knowledge in a fun and challenging setting INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have locate
67. ee S 9 10 11 Explain to the cadets they will be taking part in a round robin activity with stations At each station they will be presented with the questions found on their worksheets Inform the cadets that the activity is to be completed individually Divide the cadets into three groups and place each group at one of the learning stations Provide each cadet a copy of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet located at Attachment A to complete as they rotate through the stations Assign an assistant instructor to each learning station Give each assistant instructor a copy of a the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key and b the Learning Station Information Sheet to assist the cadets in completing their worksheets if required Have the assistant instructor at each station explain the worksheet and what to do Allow the cadet s approximately fifteen minutes to complete the station Have the cadets explain their answers individually to the instructors The instructor will confirm the answers are correct by referring to the Silver Star Navigation Worksheet as required and correct any errors Allow one minute for the cadets to move between stations Have the cadets complete each station following Steps 5 8 Debrief the cadets at the end of the activity Discuss any areas of concern and answer any questions Station 1 Components of the GPS At this station the cadet shall complete the following on the w
68. eg Route Once a multi leg route has been created it is saved in the memory of the GPS receiver While a GOTO route is automatically activated a multi leg route must be activated manually by the user An active route is the route that the user is presently navigating on A route remains the active route until it is deactivated or a new route is activated M422 02 11 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 The steps to activate deactivate a route are as follows 1 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER 2 3 4 use the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be activated deactivated 3 press MENU 6 highlight ACTIVATE ROUTE or DEACTIVATE ROUTE and T press ENTER As with a GOTO route once a multi leg route has been activated deactivated the GPS receiver returns to the last viewed navigation screen with the route chosen activated or deactivated When navigating using an activated multi leg route the GPS receiver indicates when approaching the end of each leg Once the POI at the end of a leg has been reached the GPS receiver automatically recalculates to the next leg until the route is complete CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 5 The cadets creation of a multi leg route will serve as the confirmation of this TP Teaching Point 6 Demonstrate how to modify a multi leg route Time 15 min Method Demonstration The purpose of this TP is to demonstrate to cadets the different ways to mod
69. el on in the case of GPS receiver fails or in the event of becoming lost END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets participation in the GPS navigation activity will serve as the confirmation of this lesson CONCLUSION REVIEW Nil HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION This lesson is assessed IAW A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 3 Annex B 422 PC CLOSING STATEMENT The ability to identify route legs and input those legs into a GPS allows one to divide up the route when navigating Dividing the expedition route into legs allows the leader to prepare for rest stops meal breaks and particular points to use as overnight rest points A leg also provides the group with minor points of accomplishments and promotes individual and team morale INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS This EO shall be conducted during the allocated bivouac field training exercise Additional instructors will be required to supervise the cadets while participating in the activity Assistant instructors shall be randomly placed along the route to assist cadets The type of GPS receiver may vary If the Magellan eXplorist 200 is not being used to refer the owner s manual for instructions and proper methods of use REFERENCES C1 178 Thales Navigation Inc 2004 Magellen eXplorist 200 GPS user manual San Dimas CA Thales Navigation Inc M422 03 13 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
70. ense of success as the expedition progresses Multi leg routes also reaffirm the group is on the correct course limiting the chances of becoming lost M422 03 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Have the cadets in groups of four practice following a multi leg route using a GPS receiver Time 80 min Method Practical Activity BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE PROCESS FOR CONFIRMING CORRECT MILITARY GRID REFERENCE SYSTEM MGRS COORDINATES MGRS coordinates allow a GPS receiver to work in conjunction with a topographical map To confirm the MGRS coordinates correspond with the topographical map the user will have to 1 Identify the MGRS grid system on the topographical map 2 Locate the grid zone designator 3 Confirm the 100 000 m square identifier Identifying MGRS Grid System on a Topographical Map Locating the MGRS grid system on topographical maps provides the cadet with another method to confirm the GPS receiver is reporting coordinates that correspond with the map being used If the coordinates are different the navigator will know that the GPS receiver is set to another datum and will have to be adjusted to provide the correct coordinates Locating the Grid Zone Designator The location of the grid zone designator is found in the marginal information The zone for the example in Figure 1 is 18 T ONE THOUSAND METRE UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID ZONE 18 100 000 m SQUARE IDENTIFICATION GRID ZONE DESIGNATION
71. entified by the cadets during the lesson eg Gold 1 Gold 2 Gold 3 Identify four POls for the cadets to create in the GPS receiver in TP 2 and then link together to form a multi leg route in TP 4 The POls chosen must be able to be linked into a route Clear all track logs from the GPS receivers Create an active track in the GPS receivers of no longer than 100 m Have the active track begin and end at the same location where the lesson will be taught Once the active track has been established stop it Before TP 7 begins resume the active track log on each of the GPS receivers PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH An interactive lecture was chosen for TPs 1 and 3 to introduce the cadet to the features available on a GPS receiver A demonstration and performance was chosen for TPs 2 4 5 and 7 as it allows the instructor to explain and demonstrate how to create POIs and routes while providing the cadet the opportunity to practice these skills under supervision A demonstration was chosen for TP 6 as it allows the instructor to demonstrate the process of working a GPS receiver providing the cadet with the knowledge on how these skills can be applied in the future M422 02 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 INTRODUCTION REVIEW The review for this lesson is from EO M422 01 Review Silver Star Navigation QUESTIONS Q1 What are the components of a GPS receiver Q2 What are the five screens on a GPS receiver Q3 What does the arr
72. er Accesses highlighted menu items or highlighted screen menu options Escape Cancels data inputs Closes the accessed function and goes back to the previous screen and moves backward through the navigation screens Zoom in On the map screen zooms in on the map displayed The map display can be zoomed in to 35 m 100 feet Also moves through the list of waypoints when using an alphabetical search Zoom out On the map screen zooms out on the map displayed The map display can be zoomed out to 2 36 km 1700 miles Also moves through the list of waypoints when using an alphabetical search Menu Displays a menu with available options Options may be selected by using the arrow joystick to highlight the option and pressing enter to access It NAV Moves through the navigation screens Map screen Compass screen Position screen Satellite screen Mark Saves present position as a waypoint Waypoints are saved and stored in My Points of Interest GOTO Creates a one leg route from the present position to a destination selected from the POI database or by using the cursor on the background map and pressing GOTO on a point M422 01C 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Arrow joystick Moves the cursor on the map screen It also moves the highlighted bar to select menu options and data entry fields SATELLITE STATUS Antenna en a On Off Display Backlight Ja n Off Button Butto
73. ervise Navigation activity is to have the Gold Star cadets supervise and assist the Green Red Star cadets while they participate in a navigation activity RESOURCES GPS receiver one per cadet Whistle one per cadet and Any other resources required to complete the activity ACTIVITY LAYOUT Nil ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 Conduct a safety briefing to include an explanation of a actions to be taken if a cadet becomes lost b time limits for the activity C boundaries d rules and safety procedures for the activity and e a narrative of the specific activity being conducted 2 Divide the Gold Star cadets into groups by the number of Green Red Star cadet groups 3 Issue each Gold Star group a GPS receiver 4 Refer to and follow the Green Red Star cadets navigation activity instructions for the chosen activity by confirming answers as required with a GPS receiver 5 Have the Gold Star cadets supervise and assist Green Red Star cadets as they conduct a navigation activity C422 06 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 6 Conduct a debriefing where the cadets may be asked a how they felt about the activity b what they felt they accomplished C what they would try to improve on if given the opportunity to complete the activity again and d what they learned about using a GPS with a map If available use an assistant instructor at each checkpoint to answer questions and to prevent groups from following
74. esson CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT Participating in geocaching will develop a better working knowledge of how to use and navigate with a GPS receiver The skills used in geocaching directly relate to expedition training and navigating with a GPS receiver INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS The instructor is to create sample geocaches select a location in the vicinity of the class place the geocaches and mark the coordinates prior to conducting this lesson REFERENCES C1 178 Thales Navigation Inc 2004 Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS user manual San Dimas CA Thales Navigation Inc C2 142 ISBN 0 7645 6933 3 McNamara J 2004 GPS for dummies Hoboken NJ Wiley Publishing Inc C422 01 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide GEOCACHE INFORMATION FORM Geocache Name Geocache Name GEOCACHE DETAILS GEOCACHE DETAILS Grid Zone Designation Grid Zone Designation _ _ 100 000 m Square Identification 100 000 m Square Identification ____ Map Datum Map Datum Grid Reference Coordinates a ee Location Description Hint Location Description Hint Geocache Name Geocache Name GEOCACHE DETAILS GEOCACHE DETAILS Grid Zone Designation Grid Zone Designation __ 100 000 m Square Identification 100 000 m Square Identification ____ pC Map Datum Map Datum Sid Reference Coordinates Si
75. he cadets identify and create POls Time 20 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Identify the components of a POI Explain and demonstrate each mark while the cadets observe Explain and demonstrate each step required to complete each mark Monitor the cadets as they practice each step Monitor the cadets performance as they practice each mark Note Assistant instructors may be used to monitor the cadets performance Inform the cadets that once they receive their GPS receiver they will only pick it up when told to do so follow along with the instructions and only press the buttons they are directed to press Distribute the GPS receivers to the class Depending on the number of GPS receivers available and the number of cadets in the class some cadets may have to pair up IDENTIFY A POI The following information can be saved in the GPS receiver when a POI is marked in order to distinguish one POI from another Location Indicates the coordinates of the POI using the coordinate system set on the GPS receiver Name POls can receive a name of the user s choice or be automatically assigned a number from the GPS receiver Many GPS receivers limit the number of characters that can be used to name the POI so come creativity is usually required Many users develop a list of common abbreviations to use when naming POIs such as CS for campsite
76. hin the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson Photocopy the Steps to Measure a Grid Bearing With a Protractor handout located at Attachment A for each cadet Photocopy the Steps to Converting Bearings located at Attachment B for each cadet Prepare the topographical map of the area being used A minimum of four sets of six figure grid references GRs for the start and finish points Identify a minimum of four grid bearings and four magnetic bearings to convert For the activity in TP 3 select a location such as a sports field or park where cadets can march on a bearing for at least 100 paces From the start point take a bearing that will allow cadets to march no less than 100 paces in a straight line with the magnetic declination of the compass set at zero 10 mils west and 10 mils east safely and within visibility of the start point Assistant instructors may be required for this lesson PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH An interactive lecture was chosen for TP 1 to introduce the cadet to the features of a protractor A demonstration and performance was chosen for TPs 2 and 3 as it allows the instructor to explain and demonstrate the skill of measuring grid bearings with a protractor and converting bearings while providing an opportunity for the cadet to practice the skill under supervision A practical activity was chosen for TP 4 a
77. his TP demonstrates to the cadet how to determine location using resection For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Explain and demonstrate the complete skill of determining location using resection while cadets observe to include a calculating the current declination of the topographical map b setting the current declination on the compass locating three prominent objects identifying the location of the three prominent objects on the topographical map marking the three prominent objects on the topographical map determining the magnetic bearing to each prominent object using a compass determining the back bearing for each prominent object plotting each back bearing on the topographical map and determining location based on the intersection of the lines or the centre of the triangle created 2 Explain and demonstrate each step required to determine location using resection 3 Have the cadets practice each step 4 Have the cadets practice the complete skill Provide guidance to the cadets as they learn how to determine location using resection Distribute a copy of the Steps to Determine Location Using Resection Information Sheet located at Attachment A for each cadet as a reference Refer to B GL 382 005 PT 001 Maps Field Sketching Compasses and the Global Positioning System for further information on determining location using resection DETERMINE LOCATION USING RESECTION
78. iantian Figure 3 Map Datum Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2008 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence SETTING A DATUM ON A GPS To set a datum on a GPS 1 Identify the map datum of the topographical map being used as the reference 2 With the GPS go to the set up menu then navigation then system or units 3 Highlight the map datum s box 4 Scroll through the list of datums and find the map datum being used 5 Set the correct datum 1u To set the datum of the eXplorist 200 GPS receiver 1 Power up the receiver Press the ENTER button Press MENU button Highlight the map units and press ENTER 2 3 4 Highlight the preferences and press ENTER 5 6 Highlight the map datum and press ENTER 7 Highlight the correct datum and press ENTER IDENTIFYING MGRS GRID SYSTEM ON A GPS RECEIVER Ensure that the GPS receiver coordinate system is set to Military Grid Reference System MGRS M422 03 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 GPS receivers will identify the Universe Transverse Mercator UTM coordinates when reading location to include grid zone designator 100 000 m square identifier and GR GPS receivers depending on the make and model are capable of selecting an MGRS accuracy of four six eight and ten figure GRs If the GPS receiver being used for this TP is enabled with this capability it is suggested that it be set to a six figure GR x MAGELLAN MAGELLAN _
79. ies of the Silver Star Navigation Review Worksheet Answer Key located at Attachment B for each learning station instructor Determine answers for Stations 2 and 3 Photocopy the Learning Station Information Sheets located at Attachments C D and E for each learning station instructor Review Attachment A and complete a preliminary run through of the provided questions for each station Review the activities ensuring they are best suited to the training area size of the group staff and training aids available Prepare all resources necessary for the selected activities Assistant instructors are required at each learning station PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil M422 01 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 APPROACH A practical activity was chosen for this lesson as it is an interactive way for the cadet to develop navigation skills and knowledge in a safe and controlled environment This activity contributes to the development of navigational skills and knowledge in a fun and challenging setting INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have reviewed Silver Star navigation IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to review Silver Star navigation as it is the foundation for global positioning system GPS training Silver Star navigation introduces cadets to the fundamentals of using a GPS receiver Cadets should take every opportunity to practice and refine these skills M422 01 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001
80. ify an established multi leg route Demonstrate each skill ensuring that the cadets can see the GPS receiver If an assistant instructor is available divide the cadets into two groups and have the assistant instructor demonstrate to one group MODIFY A MULTI LEG ROUTE Once a multi leg route has been created there may be a requirement to modify some aspects of the route There are four ways to modify a multi leg route change the destination leg of an active route edit a saved route reverse the route and delete a route Change the Destination Leg of an Active Route When created a multi leg route will has many different legs incorporated into it with each leg having its own destination In some instances the user may want to skip a leg and move directly to the next leg The GPS M422 02 12 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 receiver allows the user to change the destination leg and then recalculates the navigation instructions based on the new destination Use the following multi leg route which begins at the campground as an example the first leg takes the user from the campground to the bridge the second leg takes the user from the bridge to the lake and the third leg takes the user from the lake to the park where lunch will be served The route would be campground gt bridge gt lake gt park The user could decide to skip the lake and go directly to the park by changing the destination leg from the
81. iley Publishing Inc C2 143 ISBN 1 58923 145 7 Featherstone S 2004 Outdoor guide to using your GPS Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc C2 144 ISBN 0 07 223171 8 Broida R 2004 How to do everything with your GPS Emerville CA McGraw Hill M422 01 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide SILVER STAR NAVIGATION REVIEW WORKSHEET Cadet s Name Note Use the back of the worksheet or an attached piece of paper s for additional notes calculations if required Station 1 Components of the GPS Select the correct statement The minimum number of satellites that are required to cover the Describe how satellites ground entire Earth is 18 stations and receivers work The ground control segment of the GPS is comprised of seven ground stations that track the satellites monitor their condition and make any necessary adjustments to keep the system accurate Select the correct statement ify th wall ye soe GPS receivers make up the user segment It is the GPS receiver the incorrect statements are l l P whether it is in an airplane a truck a boat or in a hiker s hand that detects the radio signals from the satellite ground stations and calculates the receiver s position Components of a GPS receiver Identify the components of a GPS receiver Buttons on a GPS receiver Identify and briefly explain the functions of 5 buttons on the GPS receiver Navigate th
82. ination on the compass set to 10 degrees east 6 Have a cadet follow a bearing for 100 paces with the magnetic declination on the compass set to 10 degrees west T Once the three cadets have marched 100 paces have them stop and mark the spot with a flagged marker that is visible from a distance and return to the start point 8 From the start point have the cadets observe the three points and note the difference Also inform them that if the cadets were to keep walking the further they are from the start point the further apart they would become This activity demonstrates that an incorrect magnetic declination set on a compass can affect the final destination when following a bearing 9 Conduct a debriefing SAFETY Cadets shall be briefed on boundaries CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 3 The cadets participation in demonstrating the effects of magnetic declination when following a magnetic bearing will serve as the confirmation of this TP C422 04 10 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 4 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets convert bearings Time 20 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format 1 Explain and demonstrate the complete skill of how to measure a grid bearing with a protractor while cadets observe to include a identifying the grid or magnetic bearing b converting the bearing and Cc listing the magnetic or g
83. iver All data fields can be changed to give a person the information they require including waypoints routes time and speed etc On this screen it is common for GPS receivers to display the following information customization options for the GPS receiver waypoints and routes and map datum Display Keading a G Interface System l _ _23 JUN 03 ie J Time Advanced Location Format hddd mm mmm Map Datum Se a Timbalai 1948 Pui Tokyo Tristan Ast 68 Viti Levu 1916 t Wake Eniwetok WGS 72 Figure C 3 Menu Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 54 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc POSITION The position screen is used for confirming coordinates datum time date and the EPE This screen is used infrequently for brief periods mostly in planning and after marking a waypoint Graphics like a compass rose are not displayed This screen is not ideally laid out for user friendly navigation M422 01C 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide After acquiring enough satellites to begin navigating many GPS receivers automatically go to the position screen or the map screen In addition to the information mentioned above an operator may find current speed heading and a trip odometer On some GPS receivers the information displayed can be changed 0 345 N 0150
84. iver and used repeatedly Backtrack route As an individual walks with their GPS receiver it records their tracks by automatically saving coordinates A backtrack route uses these tracks to create a multi leg route in reverse order enabling the user to navigate back to the start location following the same exact path A backtrack route can be saved into the memory of the GPS receiver and used repeatedly M422 02 7 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 3 QUESTIONS Q1 What is the difference between a route and a leg Q2 What is a multi leg route Q3 How are the POls of a backtrack route saved into the GPS receiver ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 A route is a series of POIs strung together to make an electronic path that also represents the trail the user intends to follow and a leg is the segment between each set of POls A2 A multi leg route is a number of GOTO routes combined together A3 The POls of a backtrack route are saved into the GPS receiver automatically as tracks while the Individual walks Teaching Point 4 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets create a GOTO route Time 15 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Explain and demonstrate creating a GOTO route while the cadets observe Explain and demonstrate each step required to create a GOTO route Monitor the cadets as they practice each step Monitor the ca
85. l area one per group Whistle one per cadet Paper and Geocache treasures eg pencils stickers trinkets ACTIVITY LAYOUT Identify existing geocaches or create complete geocache containers hide them in the surrounding area and mark their coordinates Establish a finish time which may include a point score penalty system for late arrivals Establish a finish location ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS To keep things interesting the difficulty of finding the landmarks should vary Conduct a safety briefing to include an explanation of a actions to be taken if a cadet becomes lost b time limits for the activity C boundaries d rules and safety procedures for the activity and e a narrative of the specific activity being conducted C422 06 9 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 2 Divide the cadets into groups by the number of GPS receivers available 3 Issue each group the resources required to conduct the activity 4 Give each group all required geocache information sa Have the cadet leading the group input their provided coordinates and navigate to the geocache 6 Groups may start at the same time or at intervals depending on the number of groups 7 On a piece of paper have cadets record the GR coordinates of each geocache as they find it 8 Have the cadets alternate leading the group and using the GPS to identify the geocaches 9 Have the cadets place a trinket in each geocache and record the information in the logbook
86. log 1 press MENU 2 use the arrow joystick to highlight TRACK LOG 3 press MENU with the ACTIVE TRACK highlighted 4 highlight STOP LOGGING RESUME LOGGING and 5 press ENTER To save a track log 1 press MENU 2 use the arrow joystick highlight TRACK LOG 3 press ENTER 4 use the arrow joystick to highlight ACTIVE TRACK 5 press MENU M422 02 17 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 highlight SAVE press ENTER 6 7 8 use the arrow joystick and the ENTER button to assign the track a name 9 use the arrow joystick to highlight OK and 10 press ENTER To clear the active track 1 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight TRACK LOG press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight ACTIVE TRACK press MENU highlight clear TRACK press ENTER BACKTRACK ROUTE A backtrack route uses track logs to create a route that returns the user to their start point following the exact path that was taken The steps to creating a backtrack route are as follows 1 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight TRACK LOG press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight ACTIVE TRACK press MENU highlight BACKTRACK press ENTER and O ea oS SS YL press ENTER Once a backtrack route has been activated the GPS receiver no longer records track information The steps to deactivating a backtrack route are as follows 1 press MENU 2 highlight TRACK LOG 3 press MENU M422 02 18 A CR CCP 704 PF 00
87. maps eg topographical nautical or updated maps Different manufacturers GPS receivers are similar but have specific differences that separate one from the other The following points identify a GPS receiver s software functions when connected to a computer Most GPS receivers have these common features Setting POls Software packages have POls such as restaurants stations and geographic features shown on the maps that may be viewed with a computer or GPS receiver These POls can be set while using the computer and later downloaded to the receiver for use while travelling along the planned route Printing maps on a personal computer The maps from a GPS receiver with the manufacturer s computer software allow the user to view and print maps measure distances and plan trips The ability to print the map provides a hard copy of the planned route reducing the requirement to purchase additional maps of the area Uploading maps waypoints routes and tracks to GPS receivers One purpose of mapping programs is to upload maps to the GPS receiver The maps appear in colour and are the same on the computer and the GPS receiver screen although the GPS receiver displays smaller portions of the map compared to the computer screen Once a map is uploaded to the computer waypoints routes and tracks can be uploaded from the computer to a GPS receiver The user can plot several waypoint locations on the computer map and then transfer them to the
88. mark will serve as the confirmation of this TP Teaching Point 3 Discuss types of routes Time 5 min Method Interactive Lecture The purpose of this TP is to introduce the cadets to the different types of routes that can be developed on a GPS receiver Ensure that the cadets understand the difference between the three routes discussed Routes are the least understood and one of the most important functions of a GPS receiver Understanding how to use routes makes navigating using a GPS receiver much more enjoyable Route A route is a series of POIs strung together to make an electronic path that also represents the trail the user intends to follow Leg The segment between each set of POls is called a leg A single route can be made up of a number of different legs There are three different types of routes that can be developed on a GPS receiver GOTO route A GOTO route is the simplest and most common type of route A GOTO route is a one leg route with a starting point present location and a destination selected POI This type of route is useful when travelling to a specific manually entered or stored POI GOTO routes can only be used once Multi leg route A multi leg route is a number of GOTO routes combined together For example if a GOTO route is from point A to point B then a multi leg route would go from point A to point B to point C to point D and so on Multi leg routes can be saved into the memory of the GPS rece
89. n a a ENTER J Arrow Joystick a Pa SR ZOOM OUT ZOOM INS ae __ MENU 5 NAV GOTO MARK amp 9 E ESCAPE Figure C 1 Explorist 200 GPS Receiver Note From Magellan eXplorist 200 Reference Manual p 1 2004 by Thales Navigation Inc Copyright 2004 by Thales Nav Inc The satellite status screen displays the acquisition of satellites satellite signal strength and satellite geometry and the progress of the collection of satellite data The receiver is constantly monitoring satellites The display on the satellite status screen graphically depicts the activity As new satellites come into view a new bar appears in the graph Bars that were solid minutes ago disappear as Satellites pass over the horizon If a satellite is being monitored but not used the bar will appear hollow On Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS enabled GPS receivers the WAAS satellite signal strength is indicated on its own bar on the graph On this screen it is common for GPS receivers to display the following information satellite signal strengths battery strength and estimated position error EPE M422 01C 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Figure C 2 Satellite Status Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 45 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc MENU This screen is used for customizing the GPS rece
90. n changes due to the constantly shifting magnetic pole Although this change is ongoing the variation is minor therefore only the annual change change over the course of one calendar year is calculated Where it is necessary to convert from degrees to mils or vice versa when following a bearing the following conversion factors may be useful e 1 17 8 mils 1 0 3 mils 1 mil 3 4 10m Start Point m R 10m Distance of 100 paces 10 West Figure 5 Following a Magnetic Bearing Description Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence ACTIVITY Time 25 min OBJECTIVE The objective of this activity is to have the cadets demonstrate the effects of magnetic declination by following three different magnetic bearings to determine the importance of calculating the correct magnetic declination on a compass RESOURCES Topographical map one per cadet Compass one per cadet C422 04 9 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Marker with flag one per cadet A predetermined distance and Predetermined magnetic declinations ACTIVITY LAYOUT Nil ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 Conduct a safety briefing 2 Select three cadets to march on the bearings 3 Issue each cadet the required resources 4 Have one cadet follow a bearing for 100 paces with the magnetic declination on the compass set to zero 5 Have a cadet follow a bearing for 100 paces with the magnetic decl
91. n the topographical map Determine the magnetic bearing to each prominent object using a compass Determine the back bearing for each prominent object Plot each back bearing on the topographical map by a placing the compass on the topographical map without disturbing the dial setting so that one side of the base plate intersects the symbol of the object and the compass is pointing in the direction of travel b keeping an edge of the compass base on the symbol of the object lining up the meridian lines on the compass with the easting lines on the map by rotating the compass and ensuring that the edge of the compass is always in contact with the prominent object C drawing a line along the edge of the compass that intersects and extending the line from the symbol of the object in the direction of the back bearing and d repeating Steps a c for the second and third prominent objects The lines should meet in a small triangle Determine location based on the centre of the triangle created C422 05A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to C422 05 Instructional Guide Figure A 1 Three Point Resection Note From Royal Canadian Army Cadet Reference Book p 5 56 by Director Cadets 3 2003 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C422 05A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA mane INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 9 EO C422 06 PRACTICE NAVIGATION AS A MEMBER OF A SMALL GROUP Total
92. nditions Durability The type of container used to store a geocache should be based on the location Considerations should include human traffic and environmental conditions such as deep cold freezing rapid thawing rain and extreme heat The contents of a geocache have to be protected from the environment in a waterproof container Items can be placed inside a plastic bag within a container that is not waterproof but this is not recommended Size Location can determine the size of a geocache Urban geocaches are usually smaller allowing the creator to hide them from the general passerby Larger geocaches are generally placed in rural or wilderness locations There is no set size of a geocache but the standard that has been established reflects the following Micro Tiny in size roughly the size of a matchbox or 35 mm film canister Figure 1 Micro Key Chain Cache Note From Shop Groundspeak by Groundspeak 2008 Micro Cache Capsule Copyright 2000 2008 by Groundspeak Inc Retrieved March 18 2009 from http shop groundspeak com productDetail cfm CategorylD 13 amp ProductID 47 C422 02 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Small Large enough to hold a small logbook similar to the size of a small butter container 250 500 mL or slightly larger Figure 2 Small Cache Stone Note From Shop Groundspeak by Groundspeak 2008 Small Cache Stone Copyright 2000 2008 by Groundspeak Inc Retrieve
93. ng lines on the map by rotating the compass and ensuring that the edge of the compass is always in contact with the prominent object Keep the compass meridian lines that are on the bottom of the dial parallel to the eastings on the map so the orienting arrow points up or north on the map G drawing a line along the edge of the compass that intersects and extending the line from the symbol of the object in the direction of the back bearing and d repeating Steps a c for the second and third prominent objects 9 The lines should meet in a small triangle Determine the location from the centre of the triangle created C422 05 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Radio Tower R Compass Beating Figure 1 Three Point Resection Note From Royal Canadian Army Cadet Reference Book p 5 56 by Director Cadets 3 2003 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 Inthe absence of local detail and contours on a map what type of objects can be used when determining location using resection Q2 When determining location using resection what are the first two steps that must be completed Q3 After completing the resection what shape has been created and how do you determine your location ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 A2 A3 Answers may vary Some examples may include hilltops corners of woods other natural features or buildings The first two steps are 1 Calculate the cu
94. nging to find or difficult to get to are popular Locations a Geocache Should Not Be Placed Underground Covering a geocache with some leaves or branches is okay but burying a geocache is not acceptable Geocaches are not to be dug up as if they were pirate booty Environmentally sensitive areas Archaeological sites historic sites and fragile environments are areas that have been deemed out of bounds and should not be disturbed National parks or designated wilderness areas These areas are protected from human traffic Placing a geocache here is not acceptable in the geocaching community Within 46 m 150 feet of railroad tracks For safety reasons geocaches are not to be placed near railroads Anywhere that might cause concerns about possible terrorist activities Since the terrorist attacks in the United States of America USA people have become wary of strange objects containers and cases When selecting a site for a geocache give consideration to what others who are not playing the game may think if they come across the cache Try to avoid placing caches near on or under public structures These may include but are not limited to highway bridges dams government buildings elementary and secondary schools and airports Within 160 m one tenth of a mile of another geocache Placing a geocache in close proximity of another could become confusing over time Research the location online to determine there is no other geocaches
95. ontainer needs to be removed for any reason please let us know Yve apologize nd will be happy to move It Figure 8 Geocache Information Sheet Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Official geocache label Identifies the container as a geocache It provides the name of the geocache contact name and contact information as illustrated in Figure 9 It is not required to place this information on the container but it helps reduce the chances of someone thinking it may be dangerous It should be placed on the outside of the container and be visible and waterproof C422 02 8 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Geocaches registered with www geocaching com shall have an official geocaching label affixed to it Contact information and the website with information pertaining to the geocache must be listed h OFFICIAL 5 GEOCACHE peepee the Canadian Army Cadets Visit us atwww Cadets gc ca PLEASE DO NOT DISTURB This is an official game piece Referto GEOCACHING com for details Cache Name Contact Name Contact Info Figure 9 Official Geocache Label Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 What factors should be considered when selecting a geocache container Q2 The size of a geocache container sets a limit on what Q3 What are some of the items that can be place in a geocache ANTICIP
96. orksheet for Station 1 1 identify and briefly explain the components of the GPS to include satellites ground stations and receivers M422 01 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 2 identify the features of a GPS receiver to include the following components antenna screen battery compartment and buttons and 3 independently navigate through the GPS receiver and locate one of the following satellite status menu position compass navigation map and map screen Station 2 Set a map datum on a GPS receiver At this station the cadet shall complete the following on the worksheet for Station 2 1 complete the process for confirming correct coordinate system by identifying military grid reference system MGRS grid system on a topographical map locating the grid zone designator and confirming the 100 000 m square identifier 2 locate the map datum from a topographical map and 3 set the map datum on a GPS receiver Station 3 Identify location using a GPS receiver At this station the cadet shall complete the following on the worksheet for Station 3 1 confirm that the correct coordinate system is set on the GPS receiver 2 locate the geographical position screen in the GPS receiver 3 read the grid reference GR and 4 plot the eight figure GR on the topographical map SAFETY Nil CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 The cadets participation in the activi
97. ow joystick on the GPS receiver do ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The components of a GPS receiver are antenna screen battery compartment and buttons A2 The five screens on a GPS receiver are satellite screen e menu screen position screen compass navigation screen and map screen A3 The arrow joystick moves the cursor on the map screen and moves the highlighted bar to select menu options and data entry fields OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have set a multi leg route using a GPS receiver IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to be able to set a multi leg route on a GPS receiver because it allows the cadet to move from point to point without having to input new POls for each leg thereby saving time and minimizing the possibility of mistakes M422 02 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Identify the two types of POls Time 5 min Method Interactive Lecture The purpose of this TP is to introduce the cadets to the two types of POls that can be used to set a multi leg route in a GPS receiver Depending on the GPS receiver being used POIs may also be referred to as waypoints or landmarks Show cadets each type of POI in the GPS receiver The most important function of a GPS receiver is its ability to store POls because they allow the user to return to a variety of points at a later time A POI can be anything from a previous campsite to the place
98. person is in relation to another waypoint A GPS receiver with a built in map will identify where a person is in relation to landmarks such as roads cities and bodies of water A GPS receiver with downloadable maps will identify where a person is in relation to city streets and topographical features The advantage of this screen is its ability to identify the current position by looking at the features on a map rather than just the coordinates Depending on the zoom level which is shown at the bottom of the screen these features may be roads or cities or entire continents The map screen allows an operator to pinpoint where they are and create a waypoint on the map by moving the cursor over a feature and pressing ENTER or MARK making route building easier The map screen can also serve as an address book By moving the cursor over a certain waypoint and pressing ENTER information is displayed such as phone numbers addresses and navigation information M422 01C 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Figure C 6 Map Screen Note From Outdoor Guide to Using Your GPS p 50 by S Featherstone 2004 Chanhassen MN Creative Publishing International Inc M422 01C 7 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment C to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 01C 8 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment D to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide LEARNING STATION 2 INFORMATION SHEET PROCES
99. r with location information such as terrain general difficulty levels and altitudes SHORT DESCRIPTION Provide details about the cache including contents of the cache and what the container looks like LONG DESCRIPTION C422 02A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO C422 02 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 02A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA mane INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 6 EO C422 03 DISCUSS MAP SOFTWARE Total Time 30 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson If available provide an example using a global positioning system GPS receiver that is capable of connecting with a computer complete with the manufacturer s software If the resources are available connect to the Internet and access Google Earth Provide a simulation on how to upload information from a GPS receiver to Google Earth PRE LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil APPROACH An interactive lecture was chosen for this lesson to introduce the cadet to map software for GPS receivers
100. ree locate a geocache Time 20 min Method Practical Activity ACTIVITY OBJECTIVE The objective of this activity is to have the cadets in groups of three locate a geocache RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group Compass one per group Geocache coordinates Topographical map of the local area one per group and Geocache treasures eg pencils markers erasers shoe polish instructions to properly tie parade boots ACTIVITY LAYOUT Set up a round robin geocache hunt C422 01 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 Divide the cadets into groups of three and provide each group with a GPS receiver Give each group the geocache coordinates Have each group choose a treasure item to place inside the geocache Have each group participate in a free for all select geocaches of their own choice style search by a receiving all completed geocache information forms b setting up the GPS receiver by 1 2 confirming that the correct coordinate system is set and confirming the correct map datum is set C creating a point of interest POI from a coordinate mark by 1 pressing MARK 2 moving the arrow joystick to highlight the location field 3 pressing ENTER 4 using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification of the location field 5 pressing ENTER to move to the
101. rid bearing 2 Explain and demonstrate each step required to convert bearings 3 Have each cadet practice each step 4 Have each cadet practice the complete skill Distribute a copy of the Steps to Converting Bearings handout located at Attachment B for each cadet as a reference Refer to A CR CCP 703 PF 001 Silver Star Instructional Guides EO M322 02 Calculate Magnetic Declination if further information is required Use the pre determined grid bearings and magnetic bearings when converting CONVERT BEARINGS Bearings taken on a map are grid bearings and bearings taken using a compass to an object on the ground are magnetic bearings Given the fixed point of reference for these two types of bearings north is not the same for grid bearings map north located at the top of the eastings and magnetic bearings magnetic north there is a requirement to convert the bearings when switching from using a map to using a compass Some compasses will do this automatically when the magnetic declination is set on the compass When using compasses without the magnetic declination set or a protractor the bearing will have to be manually converted Map users will identify the declination in the marginal information through a declination diagram depicting the true grid and magnetic bearing of any line within the area of the map sheet The steps to converting a grid bearing to a magnetic bearing are 1 Calculate the current magnetic declination
102. rom www geocaching com C422 02 11 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Log on to a website and begin the process for submitting a cache The site should guide cadets through the process with an online form about the geocache The contents of the form will vary from site to site however the information below is some of the common information that would be submitted when posting a geocache Geocache type There are many types of geocaches including traditional a single container multi cache clues to one or more other caches in a single cache point virtual a location that does not have a container and letterbox clues are listed instead of coordinates When submitting information the type of geocache will have to be identified Geocache size Can be from a micro size 35 mm film canister to a large size 19 L bucket Reference the website form and select the size of the geocache Nickname The name of the geocache Date placed Commonly written as mm dd yyyy Coordinates The standard system used is latitude and longitude When inputting latitude and longitude coordinates and switching to Military Grid Reference System MGRS the original coordinates will automatically change Location Lists the province and country Difficulty rating Typically based on a scale from one to five one being easy and five being hard The scale is often developed by the host website when filling out this information consult their rating system
103. rough the GPS Screens identified receiver and locate the selected screen screens determined by the instructor List the screens identified M422 01A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Station 2 Set a map datum on a GPS receiver Given a topographical map Process for confirming correct MGRS of the local area anda GPS receiver complete the process for confirming correct Military Grid Reference 3 System MGRS coordinates Map Datum Locate the map datum from a topographical map Set the map datum on a GPS receiver M422 01A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide Station 3 Identify location using a GPS receiver Confirm correct coordinate system Confirm that the correct coordinate system is set on the GPS receiver What coordinate system is used Locate geographical position screen in a GPS receiver Read the GR from the GPS Plot the GR on the topographical map Locate geographical position screen in a GPS receiver M422 01A 3 Record the GR A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 01A 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide SILVER STAR NAVIGATION REVIEW WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY Note Learning stations require preparation of answers Learning station information sheets have been provided with a detailed description on
104. row joystick to highlight ROUTES 3 pressing ENTER 4 using the arrow joystick to highlight NEW 5 pressing ENTER 6 ensuring ADD POI is highlighted and pressing ENTER 7 using the POI database to add POIs by highlighting the desired POI and pressing ENTER after each one 8 using the arrow joystick to highlight SAVE ROUTE once all the desired POIs have been entered 9 pressing ENTER 10 using the arrow joystick and the ENTER button to input a route name 11 highlighting OK and 12 pressing ENTER 8 Have the cadets in navigating order a activate the route by 1 pressing MENU 2 using the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES 3 pressing ENTER 4 using the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be activated 5 pressing MENU 6 highlighting ACTIVATE ROUTE and 7 pressing ENTER and b navigate to each POI along the set route using the GPS receiver within a 10 m radius 9 Debrief the cadets by asking a b C how they felt about the activity what part of the activity they found difficult what they felt they accomplished and what they would try to improve if given the chance to complete the activity again M422 03 12 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 SAFETY Cadets will be navigating legs on their own Additional instructors will be required to monitor the activity by positioning themselves in random locations along the route Provide cadets with a safety bearing to trav
105. rprets the radio signals and extracts the satellite location information The GPS signal broadcasts information that tells the receiver the location of each satellite in the system The receiver then interprets the radio signal to determine the exact time This is required to calculate position The orbits of the GPS satellites ensure that there will be a minimum of four satellites covering any spot on the globe at all times The receiver uses the signal from one satellite to continuously monitor and be synchronized with the time maintained by the other satellites The receiver collects the signals from the other satellites and calculates the difference between them This calculation positions the receiver from each satellite and triangulates its location Based on a four satellite fix the receiver will identify location giving the user latitude longitude and altitude altitude is only possible with a four satellite fix COMPONENTS OF A GPS RECEIVER Antenna Allows the GPS receiver to receive satellite signals Screen Displays information Battery compartment Stores the receiver power supply The buttons in the following list are found on the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS receiver Other makes and models of GPS receivers may have different function buttons Consult the user manual for GPS receiver button functions BUTTONS On Off Turns the receiver on and off Backlight Turns the display backlight on and off and changes intensity Ent
106. rrect coordinate system and map datum prior to a multi leg route Multi leg routes can be used to navigate to a final destination using multiple legs A route with multiple legs allows the user to incorporate rest stops terrain features eg travelling around a lake contingency plans emergency evacuations etc A multi leg route has the following features It can be saved in the memory of the GPS receiver the number of routes which can be saved is dependent on the GPS receiver being used It remains active even after the GPS receiver has been turned off It can be edited reversed deleted or viewed on the map It allows for leg destination points to be switched when the route is active eg instead of going to the lake the user many choose to go directly to the campsite and skip the lake Create a Multi Leg Route The steps to create a multi leg route are as follows 1 Cf N oo Se UN _ a 11 12 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight NEW press ENTER ensure ADD POI is highlighted and press ENTER use the POI database to add POIs by highlighting the desired POI and pressing ENTER after each one use the arrow joystick to highlight SAVE ROUTE once all the desired POIs have been entered press ENTER use the arrow joystick and the ENTER button to input a route name highlight OK and press ENTER Activate Deactivate a Multi L
107. rrent declination of the topographical map 2 Set the current declination on the compass The lines should meet in a small triangle Location is then determined from the centre of the triangle created END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets determining their location using resection will serve as the confirmation of this lesson C422 05 4 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT Knowing how to quickly and effectively complete a resection will enhance map and compass skills and will allow location to be determined while navigating during field training exercises INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS Nil REFERENCES A2 041 B GL 382 005 PT 001 Directorate of Army Doctrine 8 2006 Maps field sketching compasses and the global positioning system Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C422 05 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 05 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to C422 05 Instructional Guide Steps to Determine Location Using Resection The steps to determining location using resection are al OF a G HOY ae Oe S Calculate the current declination of the topographical map Set the current declination on the compass Locate three prominent objects The three surrounding points form a triangle Identify the location of the three prominent objects on the topographical map Mark the three prominent objects o
108. ry geocache contains a visitor register or log It allows people to record their success in finding the cache and leave a comment for others The size of the cache will affect the size of the register The register may be a small scroll or a large notebook Some cache hiders paste their logo or some other graphic on the cover of the visitor register C422 02 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 When creating a geocache seek approval from the unit commanding officer to place the corps crest or logo on the register If one is not available seek approval to use the Royal Canadian Army Cadets Corps RCACC Crest or the Canadian Cadet Movement CCM logo as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 Figure 5 Sample Corps Crest Note Created by 2562 Queen Elizabeth Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps Retrieved March 17 2009 from http 2562army zapto org Figure 6 Royal Canadian Army Cadets Crest Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C422 02 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CADETS CANADA Figure 7 Cadets Canada Note Created by Director Cadets 3 2009 Ottawa ON Department of National Defence Pen or Pencil Allows other geocachers to write in the register about their discovery and share their experience with others Pencils are the best option to place in the geocache as ink will freeze in the cold Trinkets or Treasures These act as a reward for the visiting person These items should be unique and in
109. s graduations on the side of the protractor by finding and reading the grid bearing off the protractor on the mils scale determining which bearing is the correct one and recording the bearing L By referring to basic knowledge of cardinal points and their mils equivalents a close estimate of the bearing can be determined prior to plotting and reading the grid bearing CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 The cadets measuring a grid bearing with a protractor will serve as the confirmation of this TP Teaching Point 3 Conduct an activity where the cadets will demonstrate the effects of magnetic declination adjustment Time 30 min Method Practical Activity The magnetic declination correctly set on a compass will help to identify the bearing from one s current location to a prominent object which will save hours when in the wilderness C422 04 8 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 The term magnetic declination is correctly used to identify the difference between true north axis of the earth and magnetic north compass Because the army rarely uses true north for land navigation it is common to refer to the difference between grid north map and magnetic north compass the grid magnetic angle as magnetic declination Magnetic declination is the difference between grid north map and magnetic north compass It is caused by the different locations of the north of the eastings and the magnetic north pole Declinatio
110. s it is an interactive way to allow cadets to experience following a magnetic bearing in a safe and controlled environment C422 04 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 INTRODUCTION REVIEW Nil OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have measured a grid bearing with a protractor IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to know how to measure a grid bearing with a protractor as it is much more accurate than the compass when measuring grid bearings and it provides the cadet an opportunity to enhance their map and compass skills by using another useful navigation tool C422 04 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 1 Describe the features of a protractor Time 10 min Method Interactive Lecture This TP is to describe the features of the protractor to the cadets Distribute a protractor to every cadet so they can clearly see each feature and point to each feature as it is described Refer to Figure 1 to aid in locating and describing the features of the protractor FEATURES OF A PROTRACTOR The protractor is made of flexible plastic Its features include 1 1 50 000 scale romer 1 25 000 scale romer a hole in each romer for plotting GRs conversion scale for converting between mils and degrees 2 3 4 5 graduations in mils outside edge 6 graduations in degrees outside edge T 1 50 000 scale for measuring distance 8 1 25 000 scale for measuring distance 9 centre lines vertical and horizontal 1
111. s to create a POI using a personalized mark are as follows Vs press MARK 2 personalize the POI by a moving the arrow joystick to highlight the name field b pressing ENTER CG moving the arrow joystick to select the character desired pressing ENTER after each character is selected d moving the arrow joystick to OK once all characters have been selected e pressing ENTER f moving the arrow joystick to highlight the icon symbol field g pressing ENTER h moving the arrow joystick to the desired icon symbol and pressing ENTER to select the icon symbol 3 move the arrow joystick to highlight the save field and 4 press ENTER Coordinate Mark A coordinate mark is entered when coordinates from a topographical map are being used or if the user has been given a set of coordinates that they want to make into a POI M422 02 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 The steps to create a POI using a coordinate mark are as follows It is important to make sure that the GPS receiver has been set to the same coordinate system as the coordinates that are going to be entered 1 press MARK 2 move the arrow joystick to highlight the location field 3 press ENTER 4 use the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification of the location field 5 press ENTER to move to the second line of the location field 6 use the arrow joystick to adjust the charac
112. s to find the next checkpoint The group that locates the most checkpoints and has the fastest time is the winning group Input the provided coordinates using a GPS receiver by 1 confirming that the GPS receiver is set to the correct coordinate system 2 confirming that the correct map datum is set Oo marking the start point using a personalized mark 4 establishing three Points of Interest POIs using a coordinate mark by a pressing MARK b moving the arrow joystick to highlight the location field C pressing ENTER d using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the first line grid zone designation and 100 000 m square identification of the location field e pressing ENTER to move to the second line of the location field f using the arrow joystick to adjust the characters in the second line grid reference of the location field pressing ENTER g personalizing the POI if desired as detailed in Personalize a Mark Step 2 h moving the arrow joystick to the save field and pressing ENTER sa navigating to the main menu screen 6 scrolling to SELECT A ROUTE T selecting CREATE A NEW ROUTE C422 06 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 8 adding the POls 9 saving the route and 10 naming the route CONSTRUCT A NAVIGATION COURSE Gold Star cadets will set up a map and compass navigation activity for the Green or Red Star cadets The navigation activity must allow the cadets an opportunity to practice
113. sure a grid bearing with a protractor 3 Have each cadet practice each step 4 Have each cadet perform the complete skill Distribute a copy of the Steps to Measure a Grid Bearing with a Protractor handout located at Attachment A for each cadet as a reference MEASURE A GRID BEARING WITH A PROTRACTOR The steps to measuring a grid bearing with a protractor are Step 1 Plot the six figure GR start and finish points by sharpening the pencil that is being used as this will allow for a more accurate plotting of a bearing The line of the plotting ray that is created must be accurate and thin If the plotting ray is slightly off or thick it can cause the bearing reading to be off which can cause the final location to be missed by the navigator identifying using a romer to create a precise dot the start GR and marking it as Point A on the map identifying using a romer to create a precise dot the finish GR and marking it as Point B on the map drawing a straight line using the edge of the protractor starting from Point A and continuing to Point B This line is called the plotting ray and extending the plotting ray past Point A and B and mark the line with an arrow to indicate the direction of travel This will make it easier to read the bearing The plotting and reading of grid bearings on a map can be done by using either a protractor or a compass however the protractor is a more accurate measure
114. t easier to read the bearing Step 2 Place the protractor on the map by 1 ensuring the centre hole is on the plotting ray and the centre line is over an easting line on the map 2 orienting zero mils to the top of the map north and 3 ensuring the mils scale is placed east or west of the grid lines as required Step 3 Align the protractor parallel to the eastings by 1 sliding the centre hole along the plotting ray and 2 matching the vertical line on the protractor with an easting line Step 4 Read the grid bearing at the point where the plotting ray crosses through the mils graduations on the side of the protractor by 1 finding and reading the grid bearing off the protractor on the mils scale 2 determining which bearing is the correct one and 3 recording the bearing C422 04A 1 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment A to C422 04 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C422 04A 2 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment B to C422 04 Instructional Guide Steps to Converting Bearings The steps to converting a grid bearing to a magnetic bearing are 1 Calculate magnetic declination 2 Adjust for the magnetic bearing by either adding or subtracting the appropriate angle which is called the grid magnetic angle GMA to from the grid bearing When converting grid bearings to magnetic bearings the following mathematical formulas When the GMA is west of Grid North add it to the grid bearing west is best
115. te The number of routes that can be saved in the GPS receiver s memory depends on the GPS receiver being used Once the memory is full routes have to be deleted to add new routes The steps to delete a route are as follows 1 press MENU 2 use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES M422 02 15 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route to be deleted highlight DELETE ROUTE press ENTER highlight YES to confirm the deletion and 2 N o o e 2 press ENTER CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 6 QUESTIONS Q1 What are the four ways to modify a multi leg route Q2 Changing the destination leg of a route allows the user to do what Q3 What should the user do if the GPS receiver s memory is full and they can not add a new multi leg route ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The four ways to modify a multi leg route are change the destination leg of an active route edit a saved route reverse the route and delete a route A2 Changing the destination leg of a route allows the user to skip a leg s of an active route A3 If the GPS receiver s memory is full the user has to delete a route Teaching Point 7 Explain demonstrate and have the cadets create and deactivate a backtrack route Time 20 min Method Demonstration and Performance For this skill TP it is recommended that instruction take the following format Explain and demonstrate creating a backtrack rou
116. te from a track log while the cadets observe Explain and demonstrate each step required to create a backtrack route from a track log Monitor the cadets as they practice each step Monitor the cadets performance as they practice creating a backtrack route from a track log and walk on that route Ensure that the track log is resumed on the cadets GPS receivers Note Assistant instructors may be used to monitor the cadets performance M422 02 16 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Tracks The coordinates of the user s current position They are automatically created and saved into the memory of the GPS receiver when it is turned on and the tracks feature is enabled Track log A series of tracks strung together Tracks automatically become a track log that if the user chooses can be saved for use later A track log can also be made into a multi leg route and or a backtrack route Track logs are not recorded when the GPS receiver is turned off or if it loses satellite reception Ensure that the cadets understand that the track log function can be turned on and turned off that track logs can be saved and tracks can be cleared They will not be required to complete these skills To enable the track log iF press MENU use the arrow joystick highlight TRACK LOG press ENTER 2 3 4 use the arrow joystick to highlight ACTIVE TRACK 5 press MENU 6 highlight NEW TRACK and T press ENTER To stop resume a track
117. teresting They can include pins medals coins pictures etc Geocaching is a family sport so put a mix of things that appeal to both young and old participants There should be no need to continuously replace the trinkets as geocachers should trade with the contents that have been initially placed in the cache There is no specific requirement to fill the container with trinkets but most caches have between 6 12 small items Resealable Plastic Bag The container used should be waterproof but there is always the possibility the container may get damaged or left open Store items that will be affected by moisture eg register pen and treasures inside the resealable bag If extra space is available inside the geocache container include a few extra resealable bags in case the ones being used become damaged Identifying Information The cache should have some information that identifies it as a geocache There are two types of identifying information that can be found at a geocache Geocache information sheet Describes what geocaching is and provides instructions to the finder as illustrated in Figure 8 The geocaching com website has this sheet available in a number of different languages Laminating this sheet is a good idea Be sure to record the geocache s name and its coordinates C422 02 7 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 GEOCACHE SITE PLEASE READ eocache Name oordinates ongratulations you ve found it Intentionally or not
118. ters in the second line grid reference of the location field Moving the arrow joystick in an up down motion will increase decrease the value at the cursor point Moving the arrow joystick in a left right motion will move the cursor point to the left right T press ENTER 8 personalize the POI if desired as detailed in Personalize a Mark Step 2 9 move the arrow joystick to the save field and 10 press ENTER Have the cadets input the four POIs identified prior to the lesson using a coordinate mark into the GPS receiver If the initial POI is the current location it shall be entered using a personalized mark Map Cursor Mark A map cursor mark allows the user to mark a position other than the current position by moving the cursor around the map to a specific place to create a POI The steps to create a POI using a map cursor mark are as follows 1 go to the map screen page of the GPS receiver move the arrow joystick to put the GPS receiver into cursor mode move the arrow joystick until it is over the location of the desired POI 2 3 4 press MARK 5 personalize the POI if desired as detailed in Personalize a Mark Step 2 6 move the arrow joystick to the save field M422 02 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 T press ENTER and 8 press ESC to exit the cursor mode CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 The cadets marking of POIs using the quick mark personalized mark coordinate mark and map cursor
119. the cursor point to the left right M422 03 8 T 8 9 10 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 press ENTER personalize the POI if desired as detailed personalize a mark Step 2 move the arrow joystick to the save field and press ENTER CREATING A MULTI LEG ROUTE The steps to create a multi leg route are as follows T 2 E OY ge e o 2 11 12 press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight NEW press ENTER ensure add POl is highlighted and press ENTER use the POI database to add POIs by highlighting the desired POI and pressing ENTER after each one use the arrow joystick to highlight SAVE ROUTE once all the desired POIs have been entered press ENTER use the arrow joystick and the ENTER button to input a route name highlight OK and press ENTER ACTIVATING A MULTI LEG ROUTE The steps to activate a multi leg route are as follows 1 Pi o Oe ee 1 ON press MENU use the arrow joystick to highlight ROUTES press ENTER use the arrow joystick to highlight the name of the route that is to be activated press MENU highlight ACTIVATE ROUTE and press ENTER M422 03 9 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ACTIVITY Time 80 min OBJECTIVE The objective of this activity is to have the cadets in a group of no more than four follow a multi leg route using a GPS receiver RESOURCES GPS receiver one per group Start point Three
120. the geocache online the website s will allow visitors to submit a blog Small note on the geocache visited It is the responsibility of the geocache creator to ensure the blogs posted are legitimate and to determine if the entry is a true or false report C422 02 12 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 3 QUESTIONS Q1 What website is the most popular website for geocaching Q2 What does the scale of terrain difficulty explain Q3 Whois responsible to maintain a geocache ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The most popular website for geocaching is www geocaching com A2 The scale of terrain difficulty describes the rating system used to determine how difficult the terrain is when traveling to the geocache one being easy and five being hard A3 The creator of the geocache is responsible to maintain it END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION QUESTIONS Q1 What website is the most popular website for geocaching Q2 What kinds of items are located inside a geocache Q3 In what type of coordinates would a geocache usually be recorded ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 The most popular website for geocaching is www geocaching com A2 The items placed in a geocache should be unique and interesting They can include pins medals coins and pictures A3 The coordinates would usually be recorded in latitude and longitude CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT
121. tion skills and knowledge in a fun and challenging setting INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS If a different GPS receiver is being used for the navigation exercise refer to the user manual for that receiver This EO may be conducted in conjunction with Green and Red Star map and compass practice eg EO C122 01 Practice Navigation as a Member of a Small Group and EO C222 01 Practice Navigation Using a Map and Compass When the Green and Red Star cadets practice using a map and compass the Gold Star cadets use the GPS receiver This complementary activity can be carried out as nine periods during a supported day or over three sessions of three periods each to a maximum of nine periods If cadets are assigned as team leaders they will be debriefed on their performance as part of PO 403 Act as a Team Leader Assistant instructors are required for this lesson REFERENCES A2 036 A CR CCP 121 PT 001 Director Cadets 3 2003 Royal Canadian Army cadet reference book Ottawa ON Department of National Defence A2 041 B GL 382 005 PT 001 Directorate of Army Doctrine 8 2006 Maps field sketching compasses and the global positioning system Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C1 178 Thales Navigation Inc 2004 Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS user manual San Dimas CA Thales Navigation Inc C2 142 ISBN 0 7645 6933 3 McNamara J 2004 GPS for dummies Hoboken NJ Wiley Publishing Inc C422 06 12
122. to confirm the creation of the new GOTO route Pressing ENTER will erase the previous route to create the new route Once ENTER has been pressed the last viewed navigation screen will be displayed updated with information relating to the GOTO route that was just created On the map screen a line will be drawn from the current POI to the destination POI this represents the GOTO route The compass screen will change to display the name of the destination POI A GOTO route can also be created from a map cursor mark Cadets will not be required to complete this skill The steps to create a GOTO route from a map cursor mark are as follows 1 while viewing the map screen use the arrow joystick to turn on the cursor mode 2 continue using the arrow joystick to move the cursor to a point on the map that represents the desired destination press GOTO highlight YES to create a new GOTO route press ENTER highlight YES to create GOTO route to the current cursor position and press ENTER M422 02 9 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Once any route has been set a GPS receiver indicates the following information distance to the destination POI bearing to the destination POI how long it will take to reach the destination if the user is on off course and how to get back on course if off course The GPS receiver only indicates distance and bearing when the user is moving forward GOTO routes can also be created using th
123. ty will serve as the confirmation of this TP M422 01 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets participation in the learning stations will serve as the confirmation of this lesson CONCLUSION HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE Nil METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil CLOSING STATEMENT Concepts of Silver Star navigation should be understood before more challenging skills can be introduced at the Gold Star level Throughout expeditions there will be requirements to navigate routes Take every opportunity to practice whether it is plotting position on a map from a GPS grid reference or helping a junior cadet understand how a GPS receiver works INSTRUCTOR NOTES REMARKS The navigation activity will consist of three learning stations The cadets will rotate through the stations every 15 minutes There will be 5 minutes provided at the end of the lesson to answer questions or provide additional instruction on areas where cadets experienced difficulty This EO shall be conducted during the bivouac field training exercise Assistant instructors are required for this lesson at each learning station Topographical maps have not been provided so the cadet can use local area topographical maps REFERENCES A2 036 A CR CCP 121 PT 001 Director Cadets 3 2003 Royal Canadian Army Cadet reference book Ottawa ON Department of National Defence C2 142 ISBN 0 7645 6933 3 McNamara J 2004 GPS for dummies Hoboken NJ W
124. ver it is important to identify the 10 digits and extract the first three numbers from the easting portion and the first three numbers from the northing portion eg 96779 86744 The 6 figure grid reference can then be plotted on a map as GR 967 867 M422 01E 5 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Attachment E to EO M422 01 Instructional Guide THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK M422 01E 6 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 ROYAL CANADIAN ARMY CADETS GOLD STAR CA ry INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 2 EO M422 02 SET A MULTI LEG ROUTE USING A GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM GPS RECEIVER Total Time 120 min PREPARATION PRE LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A CR CCP 704 PG 001 Gold Star Qualification Standard and Plan Chapter 4 Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson All information in this lesson is based on the Magellan eXplorist 200 GPS If a different GPS receiver is being used consult the owner s manual to ensure the proper terminology and processes are used for this lesson Ensure GPS receivers are set up and initialized prior to the start of the lesson Create and input five points of interest POIs into each GPS receiver Personalize these POls so that they can be easily id
125. where the bus is waiting to pick up the group POIs can be set prior to leaving or anytime along a route An easy way to think about a POI is to think about it as a location on a map marked by a pushpin There are two types of POls Marked A GPS receiver automatically displays the current coordinates of the user s position Saving this position into the GPS receiver s memory establishes a new POI Stored A POI can also be established even if it is not the user s current position This stored POI is manually entered coordinates from the map page of the GPS receiver or taken from the list of POls that come pre loaded into the GPS receiver s memory GPS receivers can only store a fixed number of POls some limit the user to 250 while others can hold 1 OOO CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 QUESTIONS Q1 What is a POI Q2 When can POls be set on a GPS receiver Q3 What is the difference between a marked and a stored POI ANTICIPATED ANSWERS A1 A POI can be anything from the previous campsite to the place where the bus is waiting to pick the group up A2 POls can be set prior to leaving or anytime along a route A3 A marked POI saves the user s current location while a stored POI is a manually entered GR from the map page of the GPS receiver or taken from the list of POIs that come pre loaded into the GPS receiver s memory M422 02 3 A CR CCP 704 PF 001 Teaching Point 2 Explain demonstrate and have t

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