Home

YSI 6890 - Colby College

1. Configure Configure N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 07 2000 15 3441 Enter info Filename WEST rSite description 743 1mmhg N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 9mmHg PA EDI NiMH 06 07 2000 15 35 32 NiMH then chose OK onde Log one sample Start logging Clean optics BLUE LAKE Configure 12007 4D0ch i pH Antu Barn Configure N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 743 0mmig 06 07 2000 15 36 40 A iH EDD YSI Incorporated N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 07 2000 15 37 40 FME ni Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 F Volt 7mm Iler 743 0mmAg 739 EDN 3 34 650 MDS Section 3 Using the arrow keys the Filename window is highlighted the user presses the Enter key and then inputs the file name in this case WEST from the keypad as shown above A site name BLUE LAKE is then entered from the keypad by highlighting the Site description window and proceeding as for the File name Pressing Enter confirms the Site entry The user then highlights the OK window and presses Enter to log the point The header of the 650 logging windows changes to Stop logging to confirm that the data storage to 650 memory is active and a countdown timer appears at the top of the display to show the exact moment a
2. 0 001 ft 0 001 m Non Vented Level Shallow Sensor Type Stainless steel strain gauge Range 0 to 30 ft 9 1 m ACCULACY oo eee 0 06 ft 0 018 m Resolution 0 001 ft 0 001 m YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 5 Specifications Appendix M Vented Level Shallow Sensor Type Stainless steel strain gauge Range 0 to 30 ft 9 1 m Accuracy 0 10ft 0 01 ft 0 003 m Accuracy 10 30ft 0 06 ft 0 018 m Resolution 0 001 ft 0 001 m Temperature Sensor Type Thermistor Rapget 5 to 45 C ACCULACY eeeeeeeeee 0 15 C Resolution 0 01 C Depth 200 meters Dissolved Oxygen saturation Sensor Type Rapid Pulse Clark type polarographic Range eeeeeee 0 to 500 air saturation ACCUILACY eeeeeeeeeee 0 200 air saturation 2 of the reading or 2 air saturation whichever is greater 200 500 air saturation 6 of reading Resolution 0 1 air saturation Depth 200 meters Dissolved Oxygen mg L Calculated from air saturation temperature and salinity Sensor Type Rapid Pulse Clark type polarographic Range 0 to 50 mg L ACCUTLACY seeeeeeee 0 to 20 mg L 2 of the reading or 0 2 mg L whichever is greater 20 to 50 mg L 6 of the reading Resolution 0 01 mg L
3. As shown above enter the designation YSI 650 using the general instructions outlined above Start by pressing the numeric 9 key three times in rapid succession while viewing the characters on the display until a Y appears After the entry is complete pause and the cursor will automatically move to the next entry position Now press the numeric 7 four times in succession while viewing the characters on the display When an S appears pause and the cursor will move automatically to the next entry position Continue with the entries in this way until ID designation is complete If you make a mistake you can use the left arrow key to highlight the flawed entry and correct it When the entry is complete press Enter to confirm it Note that for this example where both alpha and numeric entries are appropriate the user must press the numeric 2 key 4 times in succession to generate the number 2 as opposed to the previous clock setting example where a single press of the numeric 2 key generated the number 2 After completing the above example press the Escape key repeatedly to return to the 650 Main menu and then proceed to the next section 3 2 9 CONNECTING TO A SONDE The primary use of the 650 is to interface with YSI 6 series sondes In this configuration you will be able to see data from the sonde sensors in real time on the 650 display as well as to configure the sonde for your particular application In addition once
4. Shut off time minutes 0 Li omma radix ID Barometer units N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 2mmig 02 29 2000 15 21 05 i _ lt niime E YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 13 650 MDS Section 3 Use the arrow keys to highlight the Date and Time selection and press the Enter key The following display will appear Date amp time setup Om d y Od m Oy m d M4 digit year Date 05 31 2000 Time 11 54 24 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 8mmhg 05 31 2000 165424 Pm E Highlight the selection for your desired date format and press Enter to confirm it Highlight the 4 digit year selection and press Enter to toggle between 2 digit no check mark present and 4 digit check mark present options Highlight the Date selection and press Enter A cursor will appear over the first number in the date as shown in the following display Date amp time setup m d y Od m y Oy m d M4 digit year Date f 5 31 2000 Time 11 55 24 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 05 31 2000 11 55 30 Enter the proper number from the keypad for the first date digit Note that when you release the key the cursor moves automatically to the next number Repeat this process until the date is correct Then press Enter to confirm the Date entry Note also that as described above since alpha characters are inappropriate for this entry only numeric entry is possible Highlight the Time selection and press Enter
5. _ Upload to PC View file File memory Delete all files N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 vai resid 02 25 2000 17 19 17 lt n Filename Samples Bytes EST 1 363 EAST 1 363 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Emi 02 25 2000 17 20 46 mmmn Details of the files shown by pressing Enter when the File is highlighted in Directory are shown below Note that the site name BLUE LAKE is listed in the file since the data was logged using Single Site Designations File details iew file File WEST dat Site BLUE LAKE ID YSI 650 Samples 1 Bytes 325 First 07 11 2001 15 06 40 Last 07 11 2001 15 06 40 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Bese 07 11 2001 15 08 49 hh I E YSI Incorporated File details iew file File EAST dat Site BLUE LAKE ID YSI 650 Samples 1 Bytes 325 First 07 11 2001 15 06 51 zane 07 11 2001 15 06 51 0 000 E 0 0 000 i 7 14 2001 18 09 20 F E Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 39 650 MDS Section 3 These files will remain open in 650 memory so that you can return to each location at a future time and log more data to the file designations WEST and EAST but see note below The key for this Site list setup is that all data logged will be stored in a separate file for each location WEST and EAST which were designated as file names at the site BLUE LAKE NOTE CAREFULLY As described above for non site list files there is a limitation on append
6. The key physical features of the 650 display and keypad are shown in the figures below 650 Front View Display Backlight Key On Off Key Arrow Keys Enter Key Escape Key Cellular Phone Style Keypad MS 8 Connector Strain Relief Lanyard Note that the YSI 650 keypad consists of 20 keys as shown in the diagram above There are four function keys up down right and left arrow keys and an alpha numeric keypad The top left key that has a green circle and line is the ON OFF key The top right key activates the display backlight The Escape key is labeled and is the Enter key YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 6 650 Back View 650 MDS Section 3 Accessory Connections Barometer Vent Patch Battery Lid Battery Lid Screws Note that the back of the case contains the battery lid that is attached to the main case with four captive screws and has three fittings for attachment of the ultraclamp and tripod accessories In addition the battery lid has a hole that is covered with water impermeable patch for venting of the optional barometer CAUTION The barometer venting patch is resident on the inside of the battery lid Removal of or damage to this patch will result in water leakage into the battery compartment The short cord with loop lanyard which is attached to the bottom of the case is attached to the strain relief of the sonde cable Simply open the D ring pass the la
7. The user manually records the data from the site and turns the system off N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 7mmHgl 06 01 2000 18 34 08 fl 3 5 2 3 EXAMPLE 2 CONTINUOUS LOGGING APPLICATION TO SONDE MEMORY A user wants to carry out a vertical profile of a lake from 0 to 30 feet in order to detect the presence of a thermocline and if identified to locate its position in the water column The experiment will involve lowering a 6920 sonde in 1 foot increments until the bottom of the lake is detected leaving the sonde at each depth for 3 minutes to allow the sensor readings to stabilize while logging data continuously Thus the user will generate data over a 90 minute time period 30 increments times 3 minutes per increment If data were logged directly to sonde memory at the default 0 5 second sample interval a very large data file containing 5400 data points would be generated with little benefit gained from its size With this in mind the user decides to increase the sample interval to 16 seconds thus greatly reducing the amount of data in the file with no loss of real resolution As explained above the sample interval for logging to sonde memory is set in the Discrete sample menu of the sonde and thus the user MUST activate the 650 Run display indirectly using the 650 Sonde menu selection as detailed above YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 30 650 MDS Section 3 The user attaches th
8. fel hl ang The two windows at the top of the display give the capability of logging the displayed readings to either the 650 top left or the sonde top right memory and allow the user to activate the wiper on turbidity chlorophyll and rhodamine WT probes if they are present in the sonde Instructions for use of these windows are provided in subsequent sections of this manual Note also that there is a disk with rotating segments in the upper right corner of the display whose movement confirms that the 650 sonde interface is functional To return to the 650 Main menu press the Escape key CAUTION When using the 650 MDS in field applications which are in close proximity to communication towers and heavy industrial equipment or which involve very low humidity conditions the user may experience problems with logger function If possible the user should relocate the sampling site away from these potential sources of interference In most cases symptoms will involve instrument shutdown or display lockup These problems can usually be overcome by either simply pressing the on off key to reactivate the meter display or by resetting the instrument by removal of battery power as described in Section 3 11 of this manual If symptoms persist after these actions consult YSI Customer Service for advice YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 16 650 MDS Section 3 3 2 10 UNDERSTANDING THE STATUS BAR The diagram below sho
9. Power 600QS SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size Power YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual Appendix M fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 61 meters 40 to 60 C without pH installed 20 to 60 C with pH installed PVC Stainless Steel 1 65 inches 4 2 cm 14 75 inches 37 5 cm from bottom of probe guard to top of connector with no depth and no weight Add 2 inches 5 1 cm for depth add 0 75 inches 1 9 cm for bottom weight 1 10 pounds 0 50 kg RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings External 12 VDC 8 to 13 8 VDC Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Depth medium fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 61 meters 40 to 60 C without pH installed 20 to 60 C with pH installed PVC Stainless Steel 1 65 inches 4 2 cm 14 25 inches 36 20 cm from bottom of probe guard to top of connector with no depth Add 2 inches 5 1 cm for depth add 0 75 inches 1 9 cm for bottom weight 1 43 pounds 0 65 kg RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings External 12 VDC 8 to 13 8 VDC Specifications 600 OMS SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium
10. The sonde software is now set up and ready to calibrate and run YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 27 Sondes Section 2 2 6 GETTING READY TO CALIBRATE 2 6 1 INTRODUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY Reagents that are used to calibrate and check this instrument may be hazardous to your health Take a moment to review health and safety information in Appendix A of this manual Some calibration standard solutions may require special handling CONTAINERS NEEDED TO CALIBRATE A SONDE The calibration cup that comes with your sonde serves as a calibration chamber for all calibrations and minimizes the volume of calibration reagents required However if you are using the 6026 or 6136 turbidity the 6025 chlorophyll or the 6130 rhodamine WT probes you should visually verify proper movement of the wiper mechanism before beginning the calibration procedures Instead of the calibration cup you may use laboratory glassware to perform many calibrations If you do not use a calibration cup that is designed for the sonde you are cautioned to do the following v Perform all calibrations with the Probe Guard installed This protects the probes from possible physical damage v Usea ring stand and clamp to secure the sonde body to prevent the sonde from falling over Much laboratory glassware has convex bottoms Insure that all sensors are immersed in calibration solutions Many of the calibrations factor in readings from othe
11. 6 Enter the determined constant into the sonde software from the Advanced Sensor menu to view the correct TDS values from a computer sonde interface CAUTION The default value 0 65 for conversion of specific conductance in mS cm to TDS in g L which is resident in the Advanced Sensor menu of the software is only useful for a gross estimate of the TDS As noted above to attain any degree of accuracy for TDS the user must determine the conversion factor empirically Even then if the nature of the ionic species at the site changes during an unattended study or between sampling studies the TDS values will be in error It is important to recognize that generally speaking TDS cannot be calculated accurately from specific conductance unless the make up of the chemical species in the water remains constant NOTE EcoWatch for Windows contains a conversion factor of 0 65 for conversion of specific conductance in mS cm to TDS in g L However unlike the sonde software this constant cannot be varied in EcoWatch Thus to calculate TDS from data resident in an EcoWatch file the user should export the specific conductance readings to a spreadsheet and carry out the calculation there using the formula TDS in g L Sp Cond in mS cm x User Derived Constant YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 2 Principles of Operation Section 5 5 4 OXIDATION REDUCTION POTENTIAL ORP The sondes determine the Oxidation Reduction Pote
12. Any product being returned to the YSI Repair Center should be packed securely to prevent damage Cleaning must be completed and certified on any product before returning it to YSI YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 8 3 Warranty and Service Information Section 8 PACKING INSTRUCTIONS Clean and decontaminate items to insure the safety of the handler Complete and include the Cleaning Certificate Place the product in a plastic bag to keep out dirt and packing material Use a large carton preferably the original and surround the product completely with packing material Insure for the replacement value of the product 44944 4 Cleaning Certificate Organization Department Address City State ___ Zip Country Phone Model No of Device Lot Number Contaminant if known Cleaning Agent s used Radioactive Decontamination Certified Answer only if there has been radioactive exposure _ Yes __ No Cleaning Certified By YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 8 4 Health and Safety Appendix A APPENDIX A HEALTH AND SAFETY NOTE For additional health safety and disposal information about YSI reagents download the MSDS documents for the chemical in question from the YSI webpage ysi com YSI Conductivity solutions 3161 3163 3165 3167 3168 3169 INGREDIENTS O Iodine Q Potassium Chloride QO Water
13. CAUTION Be certain to immerse the entire sonde in solution standards for calibration of all parameters Most calibrations require readings not only from the sensor being calibrated but also from the temperature sensor Specific start up calibration procedures for all sensors that commonly require calibration are provided in the following paragraphs of this section Remember that these are basic protocols designed to get the user up and running with your 6 series sonde A more detailed discussion of sensor calibration can be found in Section 2 9 2 CONDUCTIVITY This procedure calibrates conductivity specific conductance salinity and total dissolved solids Place the correct amount see Tables 1 4 of 10 mS cm conductivity standard YSI 3163 is recommended into a clean dry or pre rinsed calibration cup Before proceeding insure that the sensor is as dry as possible Ideally rinse the conductivity sensor with a small amount of standard that can be discarded Be certain that you avoid cross contamination of standard solutions with other solutions Make certain that there are no salt deposits around the oxygen and pH ORP probes particularly if you are employing standards of low conductivity Carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Gently rotate and or move the sonde up and down to remove any bubbles from the conductivity cell The probe must be completely immersed past its vent hole Using the recommended volumes from
14. DOsat Local will be incorrect if the barometric pressure has changed since calibration Thus even if the barometer had been input at the time of a mg L calibration a method used by some instrument manufacturers the values of DOsat Local will still not be exactly accurate after calibration YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual J 2 Percent Air Saturation Appendix J ACTIVATION OF THE DOSAT LOCAL PARAMETER On receipt of your sonde or after upgrading your 6 series software to Version 2 13 or higher the DOsat Local parameter will NOT appear in your Report menu To activate the parameter it is necessary to exit the menu structure of the sonde software to the command line prompt The sign appears after you press Esc from the Main menu and then answer Y to the question Exit menu Y N Once the prompt is shown on the display type dolocal 1 as shown in the display below and press Enter The screen will show OK to indicate that the action was successful and return another sign as shown Then type menu at the second sign and press Enter to return to the sonde software menu structure EcoWatch Sonde COM1 File View Comm Realtime Appl wi Help CEI IBN SSE eA ees dolocal 1 a After taking the above action the parameter DOsat Local will be present in your Report menu If you want to remove the paramete
15. 8 10 12 15 18 21 24 30 Trapezoidal Large 60 V X large 60 V 2 45 WSC 12 45 SRCRC Hs 0 4 ft 0 6ft 0 8ft 1ft H 0 5ft 0 75 ft 1 ft 1 5ft 2ft 2 5ft 3 ft 4 5 ft HL 4 ft After selecting the method type and size of primary device YSI strongly recommends that you verify that the sonde is set up properly Find a chart that lists head versus flow for your primary measuring device From the Flow Setup menu choose Test Flow Then choose the units and flow units that are on your chart Enter a few values for Test Head and compare the resulting Test Flow values against those found in the chart Note that there may be minor differences in the least significant digit between the published values and the values given by the sonde The difference is generally much less than the overall tolerance of the weir or flume being used The final step is to return to the Report menu and choose the flow and volume units you wish to have in the report Note that the units in the report menu are independent of the units in the Flow Setup menu MANNING EQUATION Once in the Flow Setup menu choose Manning for the Method and then choose which type of channel the measurement is to be done in closed pipe U channel rectangular or trapezoidal Then choose the units for the equation It is very important that the units chosen match the coefficients for the equation Finally choose Setup Manning and defi
16. As noted above the number in parentheses is the default value of this parameter and will be used in the calibration if only Enter is pressed without typing in another value Similar prompts will be displayed during the calibration of all parameters but for some sensors such as pH no default values are provided In these cases the user must input a numerical value and then press Enter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 32 Sondes Section 2 After the calibration value is input and Enter is pressed a real time display similar to the following will then appear on the screen Date Time Temp SpCond Cond Sal DOsat DO Depth pH Battery mm dd yy hh mm ss C mS cm mS cm ppt o To calibrate press lt Enter gt when the readings are stable 05 05 97 06 30 51 20 63 9 602 8 897 SrA Shs Beis Note that all parameters that have been enabled will appear not just the one being calibrated at the moment The user should carefully observe the stabilization of the readings of the parameter that is being calibrated and when the readings are stable for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to implement the calibration and the following message will appear Calibrated Press lt Enter gt to continue NOTE If an ERROR message appears begin the calibration procedure again Be certain that the value you enter for the calibration standard is correct Also see Section 8 Troubleshooting for more information on error messages
17. Even though the default calibration value in your sonde is reasonably appropriate for the average 6026 or 6136 sensor you need to carry out some multi point calibration 2 or 3 point prior to your first usage This will make certain that your system meets the YSI accuracy specifications provided in the operations manual For the accuracy required in most environmental applications a 2 point calibration is sufficient and it is recommended that the two points be 0 and 100 NTU Only if you desire extreme accuracy in for example the 100 1000 NTU range should you carry out a 3 point calibration at 0 100 and 1000 NTU Note however that the effect on accuracy may be too small to overcome the inconvenience of using the 3 point routine and the cost of the 1000 NTU standard Once the initial multi point calibration of either the 6026 or the 6136 sensor has been carried out we recommend that the accuracy of the sensor at low NTU be checked or reset by performing a 1 point calibration at 0 NTU before each usage How often should I perform additional multi point calibrations Your frequency of calibration will depend on the conditions under which your sonde is used and on the degree of accuracy required in your application Periodic calibration also confirms that the sensor is performing properly with regard to its sensitivity and general function Our empirical testing has indicated that the optical systems of the 6026 and 6136 probes are v
18. Question 14 What can I do to obtain the best possible data from my YSI 6025 sensor in sampling studies Two factors are most important The first is to make certain that the readings are stable before manually recording them or logging them to a computer or YSI 650 MDS display logger You should visually monitor the readings for at least 1 2 minutes to assure stability after the sonde is immersed The second factor is that you should always manually activate the mechanical wiper on the sensor after sonde immersion but before beginning the visual monitoring of the readings The cleaning cycle is necessary to remove bubbles from the optical face which are certain to cause erroneous readings If the observed readings appear unusual after the first cleaning cycle activate the wiper repeatedly to assure that all bubbles are removed Manual activation of the wiper mechanism is easily accomplished from the Run screen of the 650 MDS You should also allow adequate time the sonde to acclimate to the temperature of the water at the site Question 15 What sort of noise level is expected for unattended monitoring studies All environmental water is somewhat heterogeneous with regard to phytoplankton content and this factor will cause some noise or jumpiness in long term monitoring studies for chlorophyll The extent of the noise will be dependent on the your site The data from a typical 36 day deployment at a YSI test site lake in southwestern Ohio
19. Remove to fresh air If not breathing give artificial respiration If breathing is difficult give oxygen Call a physician SKIN CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing immediately Wash affected area with soap or mild detergent and large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes occasionally lifting upper and lower lids Seek medical attention immediately INGESTION Immediately rinse out mouth with large quantities of water If reagent was swallowed give 2 glasses of water and seek medical attention immediately YSI Nitrate Standard Solutions 3885 3886 and 3887 INGREDIENTS Q Potassium Nitrate Q Magnesium Sulfate Q Gentamycin Sulfate Trace YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 4 Health and Safety Appendix A CAUTION AVOID INHALATION SKIN CONTACT EYE CONTACT OR INGESTION May be harmful by ingestion or skin absorption May cause eye and skin irritation The chemical physical and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated FIRST AID INHALATION Remove to fresh air If not breathing give artificial respiration If breathing is difficult give oxygen Call a physician SKIN CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing immediately Wash affected area with soap or mild detergent and large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with lar
20. Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size Power Battery Life Appendix M Temperature Conductivity Depth shallow medium shallow vented Turbidity or Chlorophyll or Rhodamine WT fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 61 meters 40 to 60 C without pH installed 20 to 60 C with pH installed PVC Stainless Steel 1 65 inches 4 2 cm 21 25 inches 54 0 cm from top of connector to bottom of probe guard without depth bottom weight and battery option Add 3 75 inches 9 5 cm for battery option Add 2 0 inches 5 1 cm for depth Add 0 75 inches 1 9 cm for weight 1 78 pounds 0 81 kg with depth and batteries but without bottom weight RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings 4 AA size Alkaline Batteries or External 12 VDC Approximately 24 days at 20 C with a 15 minute logging interval and an 8 second time constant SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS The following are typical performance specifications for each sensor Non Vented Level Deep Sensor Type Stainless steel strain gauge Range 0 to 656 feet 200 m ACCUILACY eee 1 ft 0 3 m Resolution 0 001 ft 0 001 m Non Vented Level Medium Sensor Type Stainless steel strain gauge Range 0 to 200 ft 61 m ACCULACY eeeeeeeeee 0 4 ft 0 12 m Resolution
21. 30 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 738 9mmHg N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74L3mmig N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 ial 07 12 2001 07 23 28 09 13 2001 12 21 05 2 B 07 12 2001 07 32 18 Lz Note that there are three file types with different extensions in the above directory 1 Files with dat extensions which are data files logged to either sonde memory of 650 memory and which are in YSI PC6000 format 2 Files with a txt extension which are data files logged to sonde memory and then transferred to 650 memory in either ASCII or CDF format and 3 Files with a glp extension which are calibration records of either the sonde sensors or the 650 barometer For files with a dat or txt extension transfer to a PC using the Upload to PC command will proceed automatically and retain the file type that is present in 650 memory For files with a glp extension an additional screen will appear on activating the transfer that gives a choice of binary CDF or ASCII for moving the file to the computer You currently MUST use either the CDF or ASCII format for transfer so that the glp file can be viewed in NotePad or other word processing program The binary transfer option is for future YSI upgrades After transfer the file will be located in the C ECOWWIN DATA subdirectory of your PC hard drive 4 2 4 USING THE GRAPH Once uploaded data can be easily displayed in EcoWatch Open a DAT file The six bu
22. If breathing has stopped give artificial respiration Keep victim warm and at rest Seek medical attention immediately SKIN CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing immediately Wash affected area with soap or mild detergent and large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes Seek medical attention immediately EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes occasionally lifting upper and lower lids Seek medical attention immediately INGESTION If victim is conscious immediately give 2 to 4 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching finger to back of throat Seek medical attention immediately YSI Zobell Solution 3682 INGREDIENTS Q Potassium Chloride Q Potassium Ferrocyanide Trihydrate Q Potassium Ferricyanide CAUTION AVOID INHALATION SKIN CONTACT EYE CONTACT OR INGESTION MAY AFFECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES May be harmful by inhalation ingestion or skin absorption Causes eye and skin irritation Material is irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract The chemical physical and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated Ingestion of large quantities can cause weakness gastrointestinal irritation and circulatory disturbances FIRST AID INHALATION Remove victim from exposure area to fresh air immediately If breathing has stopped give artificial respiration Keep victim warm and at rest Seek medical attention immediately SKIN
23. In this procedure the millivolt values for two standard buffer solutions are experimentally established and used by the sonde software to calculate the slope and intercept of the plot of millivolts vs pH Once this calibration procedure has been carried out the millivolt output of the probe in any media can readily be converted by the sonde software into a pH value as long as the calibration and the reading are carried out at the same temperature This last qualifier is almost never met in actual environmental measurements since temperatures can vary several degrees during a deployment simply from a diurnal cycle Thus a mechanism must be in place to compensate for temperature or in other words to accurately convert the slope and intercept of the plot of pH vs millivolts established at T temperature of calibration into a slope and intercept at T temperature of measurement Fortunately the Nernst equation provides a basis for this conversion According to the Nernst equation as shown above the slope of the plot of pH vs millivolts is directly proportional to the absolute temperature in degrees Kelvin Thus if the slope of the plot is experimentally determined to be 59 mv pH unit at 298 K 25 C then the slope of the plot at 313 K 40 C must be YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 4 Principles of Operation Section 5 313 298 59 62 mv pH unit At 283 K 10 C the slope is calculated to be 56 mv pH unit
24. Inhalation Inhalation of mist or splashes of iodine solution can cause severe irritation with potential destruction of respiratory tissues spasms and edema choking in throat and lungs depending on frequency and degree of exposure Other reported potential effects are coughing burning sensation laryngitis headache and nausea Use a NIOSH approved respirator for liquid mists and or splashes Get supplier recommendations Provide adequate ventilation Avoid conditions that cause misting or splashing Remove to fresh air Give artificial respiration and get medical attention as needed May cause irritation with repeated exposure Wear water resistant gloves as needed Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 15 minutes Remove contaminated clothing and wash before re using Eyes Can cause irritation and potential eye damage with repeated exposure Wear splash proof water resistant goggles Have convenient eyewash stations Flush with water for 15 minutes Ingestion Can cause irritation of mouth throat and an upset stomach Wear a mouth cover or face shield when there is splashing Do not swallow Rinse mouth If swallowed do not induce vomiting Get prompt medical attention No chronic effects reported IN ALL CASES GET MEDICAL ATTENTION IF EFFECTS PERSIST Most likely routes of entry skin eyes ingestion YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 1 Health and Safety Appendix
25. Repeat the process described above for the Date to enter your correct local time using the military format For example 2 00 PM must be entered as 14 00 Finally press the Escape key to return to the System setup menu Now highlight the Instrument ID selection and press Enter The following display will appear YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 14 650 MDS System setup Version 1 07 06 21 2001 Date amp time MPower sonde Baud rate to sonde 9600 Shut off time Ocomma radix minutes 0 M Circuit board SN 00006011 N O 0 000 E 0 0 000 OF 12 2001 07 56 50 System setup Tenau z System setup version 1 07 06 21 2001 Version 1 07 06 21 2001 Date amp time MPower sonde Comma radix Ip j Date amp time MPower sonde Baud rate to sonde 9600 Baud rate to sonde 9600 Shut off time minutes 0 Shut off time minutes 0 Comma radix ID ysI 650i Circuit board SN 00006011 Circuit board SN 00006011 07 12 2001 08 05 14 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 eee El N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 FELET p a BC I g 07 12 2001 08 06 58 Section 3 System setup Version 1 07 06 21 2001 Date amp time MPower sonde Baud rate to sonde 9600 Shut off time minutes 0 Comma radix ID 27a Circuit board SN 00006011 N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Tasg 5 07 12 2001 07 59 28 PEE
26. The use of the Chl Tempco factor found in the Advanced Sensor menu will help to reduce this error but must be used with caution since each species of phytoplankton is likely to have a slightly different temperature dependence EFFECT OF LIGHT ON PHYTOPLANKTON FLUORESCENCE It is well documented in the literature that the fluorescence of chlorophyll resident in phytoplankton can be inhibited by light This photoinhibition is confirmed by empirical data that indicate that at constant phytoplankton level the fluorescent signal can change significantly on a diurnal schedule showing less fluorescence during the day and more fluorescence at night Data showing this diurnal cycle is shown in Appendix I Chlorophyll Measurements It is clear that this effect would produce errors in the absolute values of chlorophyll unless it were accounted for by the user The chlorophyll section of Standard Methods substantiates these limitations along with application notes that are offered by current fluorometer manufacturers The limitations result in the realization that any in vivo chlorophyll sensor will be much less quantitative than any of the other sensors offered for use with our sondes MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION TIPS 1 For best results analyze field samples to be used for calibration of the sensor as soon as possible after collection 2 If unusually high or jumpy readings are observed during calibration it is likely that ther
27. There should be no wrinkles or trapped air bubbles Small wrinkles may be removed by lightly tugging on the edges of the membrane If bubbles are present remove the membrane and repeat steps 3 8 Trim off any excess membrane with a sharp knife or scissors Rinse off any excess KCI solution but be careful not to get any water in the connector NOTE You may find it more convenient to mount the probe vertically in a vise with rubber jaws while applying the electrolyte and membrane to the sensor tip YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 6 Sondes Section 2 DO MEMBRANE INSTALLATION WITH THE PROBE INSTALLED IN THE SONDE Secure the sonde in a vertical position using a vise or a clamp and ring stand such that the sensors are upright Remove the probe guard from the sonde Remove the old DO membrane and clean the probe tip with water and lens cleaning tissue Make sure to remove any debris or deposits from the O ring groove Using the dropper bottle of electrolyte supplied place electrolyte on the DO probe tip until a high meniscus is formed as shown in Figure 8 below Figure 8 Figure 9 Hold the membrane so that all four corners are supported but do not stretch the membrane laterally Position the membrane over the probe keeping it parallel to the probe face as shown in Figure 9 above Using one continuous downward motion stretch the membrane over the probe face as shown See Figure 10 below Do not h
28. USING HELP Use this command for instructions about using Help TECHNICAL SUPPORT YSI Technical support phone number ABOUT Displays the version number of this application YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 42 Principles of Operation Section 5 SECTION 5 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 5 1 CONDUCTIVITY The sondes utilize a cell with four pure nickel electrodes for the measurement of solution conductance Two of the electrodes are current driven and two are used to measure the voltage drop The measured voltage drop is then converted into a conductance value in milli Siemens millimhos To convert this value to a conductivity value in milli Siemens per cm mS cm the conductance is multiplied by the cell constant that has units of reciprocal cm cm The cell constant for the sonde conductivity cell is approximately 5 0 cm For most applications the cell constant is automatically determined or confirmed with each deployment of the system when the calibration procedure is followed Solutions with conductivities of 1 00 10 0 50 0 and 100 0 mS cm which have been prepared in accordance with recommendation 56 1981 of the Organization International De Metrologie Legale OIML are available from YSI The instrument output is in mS cm or uS cm for both conductivity and specific conductance The multiplication of cell constant times conductance is carried out automatically by the software CALIBRATION AND EFFECT
29. check the response and accuracy of the conductivity cell with a calibration standard NOTE If this procedure is unsuccessful or if probe performance is impaired it may be necessary to return the probe to an authorized dealer service center See Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact information The temperature portion of the probe requires no maintenance 6561 pH AND 6565 6566 COMBINATION pH ORP PROBES Cleaning is required whenever deposits or contaminants appear on the glass and or platinum surfaces of these probes or when the response of the probe becomes slow Remove the probe from the sonde Initially simply use clean water and a soft clean cloth lens cleaning tissue or cotton swab to remove all foreign material from the glass bulb 6561 and 6565 and platinum button 6561 Then use a moistened cotton swab to carefully remove any material that may be blocking the reference electrode junction of the sensor CAUTION When using a cotton swab with the 6561 or 6565 be careful NOT to wedge the swab tip between the guard and the glass sensor If necessary remove cotton from the swab tip so that the cotton can reach all parts of the sensor tip without stress You can also use a pipe cleaner for this operation if more convenient If good pH and or ORP response is not restored by the above procedure perform the following additional procedure 1 Soak the probe for 10 15 minutes in clean water containing a few drop
30. pH REFERENCE 6850 CONDUCTIVITY DISSOLVED OXYGEN 600QS BULKHEAD Figure 23 If are working with a 600QS sonde your instrument will arrive with the probes installed TEMPERATURE pH GLASS ORP pH REFERENCE 6850 CONDUCTIVITY DISSOLVED OXYGEN YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 11 Sondes Section 2 600 OMS BULKHEAD Figure 24 The conductivity sensor module port for the 600 OMS is factory installed Optical probes turbidity chlorophyll and rhodamine WT are threaded into the optical port on the bottom of the sonde by the user Conductivity Port Optical Port LUBRICATE O RINGS Apply a thin coat of O ring lubricant supplied in the YSI 6570 Maintenance Kit to the O rings on the connector side of each probe that is to be installed Figure 25 CAUTION Make sure that there are NO contaminants between the O ring and the probe Contaminants that are present LUBRICATE O RINGS under the O ring may cause the O ring to leak when the sonde is deployed AM ny I YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 12 Sondes Section 2 NOTE Before installing any probe into the sonde bulkhead be sure that the probe port is free of moisture If there is moisture present you may use a can of compressed air to blow out the remaining moisture INSTALLING THE TURBIDITY CHLOROPHYLL AND RHODAMINE WT PROBES If you have a turbidity chlorophyll
31. the display returns to normal ti To view statistical information for the study click the Statistics button on the toolbar On the statistics window click on any min or max value to display the time when it occurred Double click in the upper left of the Statistics window to return to the normal display End the tutorial by saving the Data Display in the format shown To do this 1 From the File menu click Save Data Display 2 Type Default for the file name when prompted for the Data Display Name 3 Click Save The parameters colors format and x axis time interval associated with the current display are now saved and can be accessed any time in the future Nine different data displays may be saved for any data file You can easily switch between various displays of the data This demonstration shows only a small part of the capability of EcoWatch You may wish to also review the procedures involved in the Section 4 1 5 Typical Application 4 1 4 USING THE TOOLBAR The EcoWatch toolbar includes buttons for some of the most common commands in EcoWatch such as File Open To display or hide the toolbar open the View menu and click on the Toolbar command A check mark appears next to the menu item when the toolbar is displayed The toolbar is displayed across the top of the application window below the menu bar YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 3 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Click To BD amp
32. 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 8mmhg m El g ee 07 11 2001 15 35 28 07 11 2001 15 38 32 The two inserted entries can be moved either up or down in the list by highlighting them and pressing the Up or Down arrow key while holding down the Enter key or completely deleted by highlighting the entry and pressing the Left arrow key while holding down the Enter key as shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 43 650 MDS Section 3 Edit site list F dit site list Site list Filename Site name Site Num i i name Site Num BLUELAKE WEST BLUELAKE EAST 2 BLUE LAKE LAKE 0 BLUE LAKE e or eW to move a site a or F to move a site wth to insert a site to insert a site to delete a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 9mmHg C N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 zar erig 07 11 2001 15 41 55 B I 07 11 2001 15 42 51 B I g Finally the user should be aware of a timesaving tip that is displayed when the Filename entry is highlighted The tip allows much easier generation of Multi Site Designations where the Filename is identical for several files To copy the Filename from the previous file to a new entry below simply highlight the new Filename block press Enter and then e
33. 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 EEL N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 ene i i i 07 12 2001 15 52 17 07 12 2001 15 53 30 YSI suggests that the user become familiar with the features provided in the list below prior to using the 650 in field applications Each item is described in some detail below 3 3 1 SOFTWARE VERSION The software version of your 650 is shown in the first line of the System setup menu As enhancements are introduced to the 650 you will be able to upgrade your 650 from the YSI web page This item will be used to track those upgrades and will be useful to YSI Customer Service personnel if you have questions about the function of the instrument 3 3 2 DATE AND TIME As described above in Section 3 2 8 activate this selection to set the date and time from the 650 keypad 3 3 3 POWER SONDE If this choice is active your 6 series sonde will be powered directly from the 650 batteries The choice MUST be active if you are using a sonde with no internal batteries 600R 600XL or 6820 If using a sonde with internal batteries 600XLM 6920 600 OMS battery version or 6600 you can extend the life of your 650 batteries by deactivating this selection Note that the selection MUST BE OFF in order to determine the voltage of the internal batteries of sondes important information for Unattended studies 3 3 4 BAUD RATE TO SONDE This entry allows the user to adjust the baud rate for communication with the sonde It
34. 00003001 Turb M2 1000 000 08 23 2001 00003001 Chl Offset 0 000000 1 al 2 PHP RPP PPR NINN YIN pi H ebere a AS 08 23 2001 00003001 Chl Al 100 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Chl M1 100 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Chl A2 200 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Chl M2 200 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Fluor Offset 0 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 DO gain 1 103424 08 23 2001 00003001 DO local gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 Conductivity gain 0 979114 H N y D H N py Pe eje i S s H N Note that the default value of the conductivity Value is 1 00 in the glp format shown above This relative number is equivalent to a real cell constant of 5 00 which is provided in the Advanced Cal Constants and is YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 76 Sondes Section 2 described in Section 2 9 8 All other values in the glp file are equivalent to those shown in the Advanced Cal Constants menu CAUTION Calibration records for all sensors will automatically be stored in the glp file until the Delete All Files command is used from the File menu However if the Delete command is issued all files including the glp calibration record file will be lost Therefore it is extremely important to remember to upload the glp file to a PC or a 650 Display Logger prior to deleting files from the sonde See Section 2 9 3 for instructions on the upload and viewing of the glp file 2 9 3 FILE Selecti
35. 1 Date amp time 2 Comm setup 3 Page length 25 4 Instrument ID YSI Sonde 5 Circuit board SN 00003001 6 GLP filename 00003001 7 SDI 12 address 0 8 English 9 Fran ais A Deutsch Select option 0 for previous menu Select 1 Date amp time An asterisk will appear next to each selection to confirm the entry Press 4 and 5 to activate the date and time functions Pay particular attention to the date format that you have chosen when entering date You must use the 24 hour clock format for entering time Option 4 4 digit year may be used so that the date will appear with either a two or four digit year display If you do not enter the correct year format 8 30 98 for 2 digit 8 30 1998 for 4 digit your entry will be rejected Date amp time setup any ay 4 4 digit year d m y 5 Date 08 11 98 y m d 6 Time 11 12 30 Select option 0 for previous menu Select 4 Instrument ID from the System setup menu to record the instrument ID number usually the instrument serial number and press Enter A prompt will appear which will allow you to type in the serial number of your sonde This will make sure that any data that is collected is associated with a particular sonde Note that the selection 5 Circuit Board SN shows the serial number of the PCB that is resident in your sonde not the entire system as for Instrument ID Unlike the Instrument ID the user cannot change the Circuit Board SN The 6 GLP filen
36. 283 298 59 Determination of the slope of pH vs mv plots at temperatures different from T is thus relatively simple In order to establish the intercept of the new plot the point where plots of pH vs mv at different temperatures intersect the isopotential point must be known Using standard pH determination protocol the sonde software assigns the isopotential point as the mv reading at pH 7 and then calculates the intercept using this assumption Once the slope and intercept to the plot of pH vs mv are assigned at the new temperature the calculation of pH under the new temperature conditions is straightforward and is automatically carried out by the sonde software MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 When filling the calibration cup prior to performing the calibration procedure make certain that the level of calibrant buffers is high enough in the calibration storage cup to cover at least 1 2 inch of the pH probe and the temperature sensor of the 6560 probe 2 Rinse the sensors with deionized water between changes of calibration buffer solutions 3 During pH calibration allow the sensors time to stabilize with regard to temperature approximately 60 seconds before proceeding with the calibration protocol The pH readings after calibration are only as good as the calibration itself 4 Clean and store the probe according to the instructions found in Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage of this manual 5 6 DEP
37. 3 650 Main Menu Main Sonde run Run Calibrate File File Logging setup Status System setup System Report Sensor Advanced N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 6mmAg E N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 3mmhg 06 01 2000 17 06 37 TE 05 31 2000 15 56 06 Use the arrow keys to highlight the Dissolved Oxygen selection and press Enter Then Use the arrow keys to highlight the DO selection and press Enter Calibrate Conductivity ISE1 pH ISE2 Orp Turbidity Chlorophy11 DO calibration DO DO mg L N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 1mmhg e e N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 2mmhg 05 31 2000 15 57 13 05 31 2000 15 57 57 Use the 650 numeric entry keys and the right left arrow keys to enter the current local barometric pressure Then press the Enter key and observe the dissolved oxygen reading until stabilization occurs Make sure the Calibrate selection is highlighted in upper window NOTE The current barometric pressure as read by your 650 will automatically appear as the default value if your 650 is equipped with a barometer DO calibration DO calibration S onde Enter Barometric Pressure mmHg 73540 N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 738 4 05 31 2000 16 00 02 CME N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 4mmHg 06 02 2000 10 57 08 idl When the dissolved oxygen reading is stable press the Enter key to confirm the calibration as indicated by the message Calibr
38. 54 countries that includes laboratory supply dealers manufacturers representatives and YSI s sales force A subsidiary YSI UK distributes products in the United Kingdom a sales office in Hong Kong supports YSI s distribution partners in Asia Pacific and YSI Japan supports distribution partners in Japan Through an employee stock ownership plan ESOP every employee is one of the owners In 1994 the ESOP Association named YSI the ESOP Company of the Year YSI is proud of its products and are committed to meeting or exceeding customers expectations 1 2 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL The manual is organized to let you quickly understand and operate the YSI 6 Series environmental monitoring systems However it cannot be stressed too strongly that informed and safe operation is more than just knowing which buttons to push An understanding of the principles of operation calibration techniques and system setup is necessary to obtain accurate and meaningful results YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 1 1 Introduction Section 1 Because of the many features configurations and applications of these versatile products some sections of this manual may not apply to the specific system you have purchased If you have any questions about this product or its application please contact YSI s customer service department or authorized dealer for assistance See Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact informat
39. 600XL and 600XLM 6897 Flow Cell for 6820 and 6920 696 Flow Cell for 600R CABLES FOR THE SONDES OUWUUWWKOUKDODOOOUOUOUOUD 6093 Field Cable 100 ft 30 m 6092 Field Cable 50 ft 15 m 6091 Field Cable 25 ft 7 5 m 6090 Field Cable 8 ft 2 4 m 6191 Field Cable Vented 25 ft 7 5 m 6192 Field Cable Vented 50 ft 15 m 6067B Low Cost Calibration Cable Dry use only 10 ft 3m 6077B CE Calibration Cable 10 ft 3m SP6093 L Special field cables available in 25 ft 7 6 m increments Maximum 1000 ft 305m 6098B Field Cable to 610 D 610 DM adapter 6096 Field Cable to Flying Lead wire adapter 15 ft 5m 6095B Field Cable to Female DB 9 PC Serial with Power Connector 6099 610 to Female DB 9 PC Serial 6100 External Power Connector attaches to 6095B Field Cable 6ft 6102 610 to Portable Power Pack Adapter 6103 MS 8 Dust Cover caps connector when not in use CONDUCTIVITY REAGENTS OoUUOvWODU 3161 Calibrator Solution 1 000 uS cm quart 3163 Calibrator Solution 10 000 uS cm quart 3165 Calibrator Solution 100 000 uS cm quart 3167 Calibrator Solution 1 000 uS cm box of 8 pints 3168 Calibrator Solution 10 000 uS cm box of 8 pints 3169 Calibrator Solution 50 000 uS cm box of 8 pints YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual C 2 Accessories and Calibration Standards Appendix C pH REAGENTS Q 3821 pH 4 Buffer box of 6 pints Q 3822 pH 7 Buffer box of 6 pin
40. 7 Communication and only utilized if the unit is to operate in a SDI 12 communication protocol network Finally select your language of choice for the sonde menus Then press Esc or 0 again to return to the Main menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 82 Sondes Section 2 2 9 6 REPORT The Report menu allows you to configure all reports displayed by the sonde software You will be able to select which parameters and units of measure that are displayed during operation Select 6 Report from the sonde Main menu The following menu or a similar menu will be displayed The parameters listed depend on both the sensors available and enabled on your sonde Therefore your screen may not be identical to that shown below Select Report from the Main sonde menu to setup the report section The Report Setup menu will be displayed SpCond uS cm Resist Turbid NTU Chl ug L Fluor FS Battery volts Select option 0 for previous menu The asterisks that follow the numbers or letters indicate that the parameter will appear on all outputs and reports To turn a parameter on or off type the number or letter that corresponds to the parameter after Select option See Appendix J for instructions on activation of the parameter DOsat Local The parameters PARI and PAR are associated with a special sonde equipped with a sensor for Photosynthetically Active Radiation PAR which can be pu
41. Again the application of two thin coats of paint is recommended Refer to Figure 5 for an example of a properly painted 6566 pH probe Caution DO NOT get any paint on the pH junction white area at the top of the probe or the glass bulb Figure 5 6566 pH Probe Painted with Anti fouling Paint 6560 TEMPERATURE CONDUCTIVITY PROBE The process of painting the 6560 temperature conductivity probe will be slightly more tedious than the processes for doing so to the other probes However doing so properly holds the potential to save much time and work during the monitoring season The outer body of the probe should be painted from above the stainless steel nut to the top of the probe However do not allow the paint to get on the stainless steel nut or on the shaft that retains the nut on the probe body Also do not allow the paint to touch the temperature probe A thin coat of paint should also be applied to the inside of the hole that is on the side of the probe body Warning DO NOT allow paint to run or drip onto the conductivity electrodes within the two small holes of the conductivity cell If paint should get onto the electrodes the probe will malfunction The last step is to paint the inside of the conductivity cell itself Again extreme care must be taken not to get paint on the electrodes themselves A thin coat of paint should be applied onto the inner wall of the two small holes that comprise the conductivity cell However painting t
42. Al 500 0000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 Turb M1 500 0000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Turb A2 1000 000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 Turb M2 1000 000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Chl Offset 0 000000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 Chl A1 100 0000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Chl M1 100 0000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Chl A2 200 0000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Chl M2 200 0000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 Fluor Offset 0 000000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 DO gain 1 103424 08 23 2001 17 00003001 DO local gain 1 000000 The data in the display shows a new sonde Circuit Board 00003001 which has just had its dissolved oxygen sensor calibrated Note that the initial values for all parameters are the default settings Only the last two entries DO gain and DO local gain have been affected by the calibration of the oxygen sensor If the conductivity sensor is now calibrated the new conductivity gain value is now automatically appended to the record as shown below m d y hh mm ss S N Type Value 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Conductivity gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 DO gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 DO local gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 pH gain pH 7 K mV 5 05833 08 23 2001 00003001 pH offset pH 7 K 0 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 ORP offset mV 0 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 TDS constant 0 650000 08 23 2001 00003001 Turb Offset 0 000000 08 23 2001 00003001 Turb Al 500 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Turb M1 500 0000 08 23 2001 00003001 Turb A2 1000 000 08 23 2001
43. B FEeBRBREREHHREKEABLE Open an existing data file DAT EcoWatch displays the Open dialog box in which you can locate and open the desired file Save the working Data Display of the active data file EcoWatch displays the Save Data Display dialog box in which you can overwrite existing Data Display or save to a new one Export data as a graph in Window Meta File WMF format or as data in Comma Delimited CDF format Copy the whole graph page or data from the selection on the table to the clipboard Print the active graph page or table page depending on which one is currently active Open a new terminal window to communicate with the sonde Access context sensitive help Shift F 1 Toggle table window during file processing Toggle graph window during file processing Display study statistics Display study info Limit the data to be processed in a study Enlarge a selective portion of graph Center the graph under the cursor Enlarge graph or table 20 Reduce graph or table 20 Return graph or table to its normal state unzoom Redraw the graph YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 4 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 1 5 TYPICAL APPLICATION Suppose you want to measure Dissolved Oxygen pH Temperature and Turbidity in a nearby stream and decide to start with a 30 day deployment using the YSI 6920 sonde The task can be organized into several steps 1 Calibrat
44. Before proceeding with the calibration be certain that the probe compartment of the sonde has been cleaned and is free of debris Solid particles from this source particularly those carried over from past deployments will contaminate the standards during your calibration protocol and cause either calibration errors and or inaccurate field data When selecting Optic T or OpticC 6026 Turbidity or 6136 Turbidity there will be a choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations for your turbidity sensor The 1 point option is normally used to zero the turbidity probe in 0 NTU standard Place the sonde in clear water deionized or distilled with no suspended solids and input 0 NTU at the screen prompt Press Enter and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the turbidity readings have stabilized Press Enter after the readings have stabilized to confirm the calibration and zero the sensor Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 2 point option to calibrate the turbidity probe using only two calibration standards In this case one of the standards must be clear water 0 NTU and the other should be in the range of known turbidity for the water to be monitored For example if the water to be evaluated is known to be low in turbidity an appropriate choice of standards might be 0 and 10 NTU However for general purpose measurements an appropriate choice of standards is
45. CAUTION Make sure that there are NO contaminants BATTERY CAP between the O ring and the sonde Contaminants that are present under the O ring may cause the O ring to leak when BHC RD lt the sonde is deployed CONNECT oR D i AQ O RINGS Lightly lubricate the o rings on the bottom of the threads and on U the connector stem as shown in Figure 37 Return the battery lid and tighten by hand DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN Figure 37 2 3 4 STEP 4 CONNECTING A FIELD CABLE Figure 38 All YSI 6600 6920 600XLM 600QS and 600 OMS sondes have a sonde mounted cable connector for attachment of the field cable Some versions of the 600R 600XL and 6820 sondes also have this connector FIELD CABLE CONNECTOR However some versions of the YSI 600R 600XL and 6820 sondes have permanently attached REMOVE 5 integral cables If your sonde has a cable that is WATERPROOF CAP Y non detachable the next paragraph will not be relevant To attach a field cable to the sonde connector remove the waterproof cap from the sonde connector and set it aside for later reassembly during deployment or storage Then connect your field cable to the sonde connector A built in key will ensure proper pin alignment Rotate the cable gently until the key engages and then tighten the connectors together by rotating clockwise Attach the strain relief connector to the sonde bail Rotate the strain reli
46. Depth 200 meters Salinity Sensor Type Calculated from conductivity and temperature Range 0 to 70 ppt ACCULACY eeeeeeeees 1 0 of reading or 0 1 ppt whichever is greater Resolution 0 01 ppt pH Sensor Type Glass combination electrode Range ceececeee 0 to 14 units ACCUYLACY eee 0 2 units Resolution 0 01 units Depth 200 meters ORP Sensor type Platinum button Range 999 to 999 mV ACCULACY eee 20 mV Resolution 0 1 mV Depth 200 meters YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 6 Specifications Appendix M Turbidity Sensor type Optical 90 scatter with mechanical cleaning Range 0 to 1000 NTU ACCULACY eee 5 reading or 2 NTU whichever is greater relative to calibration standards Resolution 0 1 NTU Depth 66 meters Chlorophyll Sensor type Optical fluorescence with mechanical cleaning Range 0 to 400 ug L Chl 0 100 Percent Full Scale FS Fluorescence Units ACCULACY eee No specification provided Resolution 0 1 ug L Chl 0 1 FS Depth 04 66 meters Rhodamine WT Sensor type Optical fluorescence with mechanical cleaning Rang s 23 20 caacs 0 to 200 ug L Rhodamine WT ACCULACY eeeeeeeee 5 of the re
47. Eco atch SAMPLE DAT Piel Ea C Eile Edit Comm Bealtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help l f Toolbar xj STALE E Seus Bar zH eA B ead A 4 DigitYear SpCond DO Conc Graph z7 v Table Gra Statistic Study Info zoormiin zoom Wut Urneccrm 4 g 45 06 21 1993 16 00 45 06 21 1993 16 15 45 06 21 1993 16 30 45 06 21 1993 16 45 45 06 21 1993 17 00 45 06 21 1993 17 15 45 _ 26 50 0 010 06 21 1993 17 30 45 06 21 1993 17 45 45 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 50 Sondes Section 2 Viewing features such as Grid Marker Zoom In Zoom Out and Unzoom are all available when you activate the Graph function Give each a try as you practice and learn more about the many features of EcoWatch The Statistics and Study functions of EcoWatch are shown in Figure 44 Both provide overview information related to the study data The Statistics function lists minimum maximum mean and standard deviation information for each parameter activated The Study function provides useful information about the design of the study including sample interval date time number of samples sensor identification and parameters reported The Statistics and Study windows may be activated over either graph or table presentations To view either of these windows click on View highlight the desired function and click again The window op
48. FLUME Getting your sonde ready to calculate flow for a weir or a flume can be summarized in the following simple steps Using EcoWatch or a 650 MDS display logger to communicate with the sonde Enable Flow in the Sensors menu Go to Flow Setup menu in Advanced Sensor Choose a method flume or weir then a type V notch rectangular Parshall etc Choose a size Verify proper setup choosing preferred units Choose preferred units in Report Oy Or Go ihor The Flow Setup menu only appears when Flow is enabled in the Sensors menu Once in the Flow Setup menu you must define your primary measuring device by Method Type and Size Note that the menus change depending upon your selection For example after choosing Flume for your method only types of flume are shown So it is important to choose first the method then the type and finally the size The following chart lists the primary devices that are programmed in the sonde YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual F 11 Flow Appendix F Method Type Size Weir V Notch 222 30 45 60 90 120 Rectangular w End Contractions Any size Rectangular w o End Contractions Any size Cipolletti Any size Flume Parshall 1 2 3 6 9 12 18 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 Palmer Bowlus 4 6 8 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Leopold Lagco 4 6
49. Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual Appendix M 40 to 60 C for sonde and all sensors except pH and pH ORP 20 to 60 C for pH and pH ORP sensors PVC Stainless Steel 1 65 inches 4 2 cm 21 3 inches 54 1 cm with no depth 23 3 inches 59 2 cm with depth 1 48 pounds 0 67 kg with batteries without bottom weight RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings 4 AA size Alkaline Batteries or External 12 VDC 25 to 30 days at 20 C with a 15 minute logging interval and a 40 second dissolved oxygen warm up Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Depth shallow medium shallow vented fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 feet 61 meters 40 to 60 C for sonde and all sensors except pH and pH ORP 20 to 60 C for pH and pH ORP sensors Polyurethane PVC Stainless Steel 1 65 inches 4 2 cm 15 25 inches 38 7 cm from bottom of probe guard to top of connector with no depth and no weight Add 2 inches 5 1 cm for depth add 0 75 inches 1 9 cm for bottom weight 1 07 pounds 0 49 kg without bottom weight 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings RS 232C SDI 12 External 12 VDC 8 to 13 8 VDC Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH Specifications Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size
50. Measurements Appendix I APPENDIX CHLOROPHYLL MEASUREMENTS This is a question and answer guide that will help you optimize performance and trouble shoot problems While the YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor provides a simple and convenient way to estimate phytoplankton concentration in the field there are significant limitations associated with its use that the user should appreciate fully before beginning field studies In addition the chlorophyll systems of the YSI 6820 6920 6600 and 600 OMS are characterized by a great deal of flexibility from the point of view of the user Some examples are shown below L The data from the chlorophyll sensor can be processed via a sophisticated filtering algorithm that has variable parameters that are input by the user L The chlorophyll system can be used in spot sampling applications with a YSI 650 MDS display logger or a portable computer 1 The chlorophyll system can be used on all sondes for long term deployment applications using cable attachment to a data collection platform L The chlorophyll system can be used for long term deployment applications with the YSI 6920 6600 and 600 OMS by logging readings directly to sonde memory since they contain on board power 1 A number of calibration options are offered with the YSI chlorophyll system This section is designed to help the user attain the maximum possible benefit from the YSI 6025 chlorophyll system by supplementing the discussion
51. Note that each section has a flat on one end Figure 1 INSTALLING THE ZINC ANODE ON 600R 600XL AND 6820 SONDES NOTE Before beginning the installation be sure to clean the sonde connector of mud sediment sediments barnacles etc It is important for the surface to be clean in order to make good electrical contact to the zinc anode Figure 2 Figure 3 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual L 1 Protective Zinc Anode Appendix L 1 Using a large regular blade screwdriver bend the bracket outward to the angle shown in Figure 2 2 Position the zinc anode flat towards the bracket and squeeze together with pliers if necessary as shown in Figure 3 3 Use the screwdriver to bend the bracket back to vertical 4 Secure zinc halves with the cable tie INSTALLING THE ZINC ANODE ON 6000UPG 6600 6920 AND 600XLM SONDES NOTE Before beginning the installation be sure to clean the sonde connector of mud sediment sediments barnacles etc It is important for the surface to be clean in order to make good electrical contact to the zinc anode Figure 4 Figure 5 For the 6600 and 6000upg position the zinc anode onto the sonde connector leaving a small gap between the bottom of the anode and the top of the sonde You can do this by using a tie wrap as a spacer Figure 4 above Make certain that the flat on the zinc anode is on the battery compartment side of the connector and that the anode i
52. Place the sonde in clear water with no suspended solids and input 0 ug L at the screen prompt Press Enter and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the rhodamine readings have stabilized Press Enter after the readings have stabilized to confirm the calibration and zero the sensor Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 2 point option to calibrate the rhodamine probe using only two calibration standards In this case one of the standards must be clear water 0 ug L and the other should be in the range of the predicted rhodamine concentration projected for the study For general purpose measurements an appropriate choice of standards is usually 0 and 100 ug L To begin the calibration immerse the sonde in the 0 ug L standard as instructed and press Enter It is mandatory that the Oug L standard be calibrated first The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the first calibration Following the instructions on the screen place the sonde in the second rhodamine standard input the correct rhodamine value in ug L press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 3 point option for maximum
53. Sites number 1 71 Turbidity NTU 7 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 SSS SS a ear E L T Oe 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 Site Number 600 Comparison of new YSI turbidity probe with Hach 2100AN Sites Number 72 108 500 4 _ e Hach 400 300 4 Turbidity NTU 200 100 04 Av ah T eo PP Hh He GF PH Hh HF GL HP GH GF HGH Site Number Will the 6136 turbidity sensor work with my current 6 series sonde Yes You will need to have software version 2 16 or later for your 6600 6920 6820 or 600 OMS The latest 6 series software is available through YSI s website In order to enable the 6136 turbidity sensor you must select the 6136 turbidity sensor option from the sonde menu under Main gt Sensor gt Optic T or C gt Turbidity 6136 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 2 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E What are the physical differences in the new 6136 turbidity sensor from the original 6026 version You will find that while the new sensor is completely compatible with existing sondes it is slightly shorter than the old 6026 and has a modified installation nut You will also note that the color of the pressure housing has
54. Store the concentrated standard solution in a darkened glass bottle in a refrigerator to retard decomposition The dilute standard prepared in the previous step should be used within 5 days of its preparation When rhodamine WT standards are required in the future perform another dilution of the concentrated dye solution after warming it to ambient temperature Our experience has indicated that the concentrated solution that has been kept at cold temperatures is much more stable than the dilute solution stored at room temperature EFFECT OF TURBIDITY ON RHODAMINE WT READINGS As described above the filters in front of the photodiode in the YSI 6130 rhodamine probe prevent most of the green light which is used to excite the rhodamine molecules from reaching the detector after being backscattered off of non fluorescent particles turbidity in environmental water However the filter system is not perfect and a minor interference on rhodamine WT readings from suspended solids may result Laboratory experiments indicate that a suspension of typical soil measured with a YSI 6026 sensor will have turbidity interference characterized by a factor of about 0 03 ug L per NTU For example the turbidity of the water must be above 100 NTU to produce an apparent rhodamine WT reading equal to 3 ug L In very cloudy water the user may wish to use the independently determined turbidity value and the above compensation factor to correct measured chlorophyll values usi
55. a 434 yada NAAA 1818 ZEO nane aman 710 i gyn 271 i NRSA 13A z PENAN 2 tod z O70 1918 amp 07790 7 r 7 y e lesg a an NARA TATA ma nana nan 148 04 E iy ao oe Ran 271 i ORAS 1AaR d A is 3 a4 8 pan nied TAMA WA ASNA anan 70 T Fa 7 x AN ITA s NGRA ARNIR fe 06 21 1993 06 22 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 a7 DateTime M D Y 2104 gt i S ied nasa TATA Wa nana aan ece 8 131 66 For Help press F1 E 130 72 Ol g 188 84 187 50 r r r r 1 aden NARA TATA 747 nana nan 465 493 Bul 370 nr ran nasa ETA REK NANA anan 06 24 1993 06 24 1993 06 24 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 06 25 1993 DateTime M D Y For Help press F1 NUM To return to the full set of data again click on Graph then Cancel Limits If you desire a hard copy of any graph or table or even a subset expression as shown above you may use the Edit Copy command to copy the graph in the active window to the Clipboard You can then paste this graph to the Windows application program of your choice You may also be able to print graphs and tables as described in the next section SAVE IMPORT EXPORT AND PRINT COMMANDS Under File function in the top line menu you can save a particular presentation version of a data file and give the presentation a customized name For example you might want to call the expanded plot in Figure 48 DIURNAL using the File Save Data Display command This presentation will be save
56. access to the 650 and sonde menus and will be used to view sonde YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 10 650 MDS Section 3 sensor readings in real time to configure the 650 and the sonde to calibrate the sonde sensors and to log data to either sonde or 650 memory The Status Bar will always show the date and time of the 650 clock updated in real time the remaining battery capacity the current barometer reading if you have purchased this option the GPS readings from a user supplied GPS instrument and will indicate whether the menu being viewed in the Main Display is associated with your sonde or the 650 Additional information about the Status Bar will be provided in Section 3 2 10 of this manual You may also want to take the instrument into a dark room and with the instrument turned ON press the backlight key which is located at the top right of the keypad The instrument backlight should illuminate the LCD so that the display can be read Pushing the backlight key again will turn the backlight off The backlight will power off automatically after two minutes of non use 3 2 7 ADJUSTING THE DISPLAY CONTRAST The contrast of the 650 display is automatically temperature compensated to provide a proper display under most field conditions 10 to 40 C Some users however may wish to alter the display contrast to meet their own preference In addition if the instrument is used at more extreme temperatures the di
57. according to the laboratory value For example if the YSI 6025 value for a particular site is15 6 ug L chlorophyll and the laboratory value is 10 8 ug L then all of the values for the study should be multiplied by 69 10 8 15 6 This can easily be done in a spreadsheet such as Excel as shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual I 2 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I DSM SRY SBA 5 9 Be T Bm Z aril 710 B Z u 2H 8 H7 POST CALIBRATION OF IN VIVO CHLOROPHYLL DATA EXTRACTIVE ANALYSIS COMPARISON IN VIVO READING UG L EXTRACTIVE ANALYSIS READING UG L J RATIO 0 692308 RAW IN VIVO READINGS UG L CORRECTED IN VIVO READINGS UG L 6 092308 9 9 13 91538 1 038462 10 8 12 39231 7 269231 Note Be sure to carry out1 point calibration of the sensor before the study using deionized water to make certain that the sensor reads zero in chlorophyll free water Question 4 If the sensor is post calibrated using the values from laboratory analysis of grab samples will my field data be totally accurate No they will only be as accurate as possible within the limitations of the fluorometry method The limitations for all in vivo chlorophyll determinations described in Section 5 Principles of Operation will almost certainly compromise the accuracy of your data even if you employ the best calibration method possible For example different phytoplankton species are
58. after establishing the temperature compensation factor for the phytoplankton sample in question See Section 5 12 Chlorophyll and Appendix I Chlorophyll of this manual for more information This item will only appear if a chlorophyll sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu From the Advanced menu select 4 Data filter to display filtering options Type the appropriate number to activate deactivate any of the displayed features YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 91 Sondes Section 2 Sondes with no optical turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT probes enabled will display the following menu Data filter setup Enabled Wait for filter Time constant 4 Threshold 0 001 Select option 0 for previous menu If any optical probe turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT is enabled then the menu will appear as follows Data filter setup Enabled Wait for filter Time constant Threshold Select option 0 for previous menu Turbid 12 Other 4 Select option 0 for previous menu Recommended settings for time constants are turbidity 12 rhodamine WT 12 chlorophyll 12 and other 4 Note that the time constant can be set independently for turbidity chlorophyll and rhodamine WT and that time constant choices are only available for activated sensors Rhodamine WT would appear in the display below if it had been activated as a sensor All other sensors use the same tim
59. an improved display Usually this feature should be activated but if your terminal or terminal emulator shows odd characters at the beginning of each menu title then turn this item off With the feature off the sonde will send several carriage returns and line feeds to clear the display The number of lt cr gt s and lt If gt s is determined by the page length setting 2 Power up to Menu When this item is enabled the sonde will go directly to menu mode when power is applied to the sonde If the command line mode is not useful for your applications then enabling this item will negate the need to type Menu and Enter at the prompt to access the Main sonde menu Activation of this item is NOT recommended except for special applications 3 Power up to Run When this item is enabled the sonde will start sampling and output data as soon as power is applied to the sonde If Power up to menu is also enabled the sonde will first enter the menu mode and then the run mode where it will start sampling If Power up to menu is not enabled the sonde will go to command line mode and then start the run function With Power up to Run disabled the sonde will wait for your command at power up in either command line or menu mode as set by Power up to Menu If you are using your sonde for Unattended sampling do not activate this mode Activation of this item is NOT recommended except for special applications 4 Comma rad
60. and choosing this command should display your graph correctly Shortcuts Toolbar CANCEL LIMITS Choose this command to cancel the limits set by the Limit Data Set command 4 3 7 SETUP PARAMETER Lets you select which parameters you want to analyze and how they will appear YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 33 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Add Remove There are two lists Selected Parameters and Available Parameters If for example you wish to graph another parameter you must highlight it on the Available Parameter list and then click the Add button to move it over to the Selected Parameters list This is also where you decide the order in which the parameters will appear in both the table and the graphs If you choose to have two traces per graph then the first graph will have the first and second parameters on this list the second graph will have the third and fourth parameters and so forth The parameters will appear in the Selected Parameters list in the order that they were added To rearrange the order highlight the parameter you wish to move and then use the up and down buttons to move it to the desired spot in the order The TSS parameter only available if your sonde has a Turbidity sensor is a parameter that is not part of your original collected data TSS is calculated by EcoWatch which uses the Turbidity data and a set of correlation points that you enter When you add TSS a TSS calibra
61. and Table items have check marks to their left indicating that both functions are turned on You may use your mouse to scroll up down and left right to view data YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 49 Sondes Figure 42 Viewing Options M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT SAMPLE DAT Section 2 T File Edit MER Comm Real time Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help le Toolbar x EEE E v sews Bar v 4 DigitY e f SAMPLE DAT o Graph te T 1 Grid EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT g Marker Eile Edit Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl 3 Statistic v Toolbar St study ino Eee Rv Seuss w i Zoom In i v 4 DigitYear 5 zoor wut Graph Q Unzoom Fie Table ae zt 3 Gid 3 Marker 6 5 Statistic a 8 Study Info 2 ss 7 a Zoom In 62 2 Aa 34 Unzoom R 3 74 42 06 21 1993 13 30 45 an 2949 ae Y 3 06 21 1993 06 22 1993 06 2 H 1 a4 Da 33 Show or hide table page DateTime M D Y O betime Temp Second 6OCone pH 06 21 1993 13 45 45 7 53 06 21 1993 14 00 45 NUM __ It may be somewhat awkward to scan the data table in this manner therefore you have the option to turn off the graphical representation and allow the table to fill the window See Figure 43 Notice now that when you click on View the Graph item is no longer checked Figure 43 Viewing the Data in Table Format
62. as a calibration chamber Then follow the screen prompt and enter the local barometric pressure in mm Hg inches Hg x 25 4 press Enter and monitor the stabilization of the DO readings After no changes occur for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Note that at calibration the DOsat percent air saturation value will reflect the barometer value that was entered For example if a barometric pressure of 720 mm is entered the DOsat value will change to 94 7 720 760 x 100 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 67 Sondes Section 2 Note that the parameter DOsat Local is also available for users who prefer to set their percent air saturation value to 100 no matter what barometer value is entered The method of activating this parameter its use and its limitations are described in Appendix J of this manual The key factor to remember however is that no matter which convention DOsat or DOsat Local is selected the mg L value will not be affected For the mg L mode calibration is carried out in a water sample which has a known concentration of dissolved oxygen usually determined by a Winkler titration For this calibration procedure the sensor should be immersed in the water After thermal equilibration enter the known mg L value press Enter and the calibration procedure will begin with similar v
63. at midnight It would be likely then that the first and last days would have very different statistics because they would only be partial days Daily Weekly and Monthly statistics behave similarly gt When you click OK EcoWatch will send the report to the specified file and open Windows Notepad where you can view and or print the report Note Notepad can only open report files that are 64K or less in size You can use the Windows Wordpad to open reports that are larger than 64K Unless you change it the report file will have the same location as your data file DAT and has the same name with a RPT file extension YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 17 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 PRINT Use this command to print a document If a graph is selected this command presents a Print Option dialog Printing Option box with the options below When a table is selected a standard print window is presented Shortcut Toolbar Keys CTRL P Printer If you have a color printer you can choose to print in Color Otherwise you should choose Mono black and white Size If you choose Max size then the program will size the graph so that it fits on one page If you choose Exact size then program will print the graph as close as possible to the size that is displayed Maintain Aspect Ratio If you choose to maintain the aspect ratio then the program will size the graph until either the height or the widt
64. been activated use the arrow keys to highlight a sensor for calibration and follow the instructions on the screen Use the keypad to enter numeric values associated with the calibration standards and press Enter to confirm your input View the data from each calibration standard in real time and then highlight the Calibrate selection in the upper frame When the output is stable press Enter to confirm the calibration point Then highlight Continue and press Enter to either move to the next calibration point or to finalize the calibration See the example in Section 3 4 2 above for a typical calibration procedure NOTE To return a sensor calibration setup to its factory default setting access any calibration routine for that particular sensor which asks for numeric input However instead of entering numbers hold the Enter key down and press the Escape key Highlight yes and press Enter This protocol is the equivalent of entering the command uncal from a computer keyboard 3 4 3 5 CHANGING THE SONDE SENSOR SETUP Use the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the sonde Sensor menu Once the menu has been activated use the arrow keys to highlight a sensor for activation deactivation and press Enter to confirm your choice 3 4 3 6 CHANGING THE SONDE REPORT SETUP Use the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the sonde Report menu Once the menu has been activated use the arrow keys to highlight a sensor for activation deactivation and press
65. can be set to higher values in the Discrete Sample menu This feature will be described in detail in Section 3 5 2 To Run the sonde from the Discrete sample menu highlight Start sampling and press the Enter key 3 4 3 2 SETTING UP A SONDE FOR DEPLOYMENT Use the 650 Sonde menu selection to access Run Unattended sample and then proceed with the setup for the monitoring study as described in detail in Section 2 of the 6 series manual Use the keypad to set the sample interval and input file and site names Then highlight Start logging and press Enter to begin the Unattended study in which data is logged directly to the sonde memory Finally disconnect the 650 and deploy the sonde 3 4 3 3 UPLOADING DATA FROM SONDES TO THE 650 Use the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the sonde File menu and then choose either a Quick upload all data in the last file or Upload complete or partial data in any sonde file as described in detail in Section 2 of the 6 series manual After the proper selection is made press Enter and the file will be transferred automatically to the 650 memory with the 650 display indicating that an upload is in progress The uploading of data files from sondes to the 650 is demonstrated in greater detail in Section 3 7 below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 25 650 MDS Section 3 3 4 3 4 CALIBRATING SONDE SENSORS Use the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the sonde Calibrate menu Once the menu has
66. check reagent 1 Rhodamine WT dye is usually purchased in solution form and can vary somewhat in nominal concentration YSI uses Rhodamine WT from the supplier noted below and recommends that the user purchase this exact item if possible The solution is approximately 2 in Rhodamine WT Fluorescent FWT Red Dye Lot 257201 16 FI Oz Kingscote Chemicals 9676 N Looney Road Piqua OH 45356 1 800 394 0678 Fax 937 773 7994 2 Accurately transfer 5 0 mL of the Rhodamine WT solution into a 1000 mL volumetric flask Fill the flask to the volumetric mark with deionized or distilled water and mix well to produce a solution that is approximately 100 mg L of Rhodamine WT Transfer this standard to a glass bottle and retain it for future use 3 Accurately transfer 5 0 mL of the solution prepared in the above step to a 1000 mL volumetric flask and then fill the flask to the volumetric mark with deionized or distilled water Mix well to obtain a solution which is 0 5 mg L in water a 200 1 dilution of the concentrated solution 4 Store the concentrated standard solution produced in 6 above in a glass bottle in a refrigerator to retard decomposition The dilute standard prepared in the previous step should be used within 24 hours of its preparation When rhodamine standards are required in the future perform another dilution of the concentrated rhodamine solution after warming it to ambient temperature Our experience has indicated that t
67. choice specific conductance is normally recommended you will be asked to enter the value of the standard used during calibration Be certain that the units are correct After pressing Enter you will be able to follow the stabilization of the readings and confirm the calibration when the readings are stable by pressing Enter as instructed on the screen Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu DISSOLVED OXYGEN WITH AUTOSLEEP ON If you intend to do Unattended Sampling it is recommended that you turn Autosleep RS232 on in the Advanced Setup menu and follow these instructions for DO calibration If you intend to do Discrete Sampling itis recommended that you turn Autosleep RS232 off and use the calibration instructions in the next section YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 66 Sondes Section 2 Select 2 Dissolved oxygen to calibrate the oxygen probe The submenu will offer you the option of calibrating in percent saturation or mg L After selecting the option of choice percent saturation in water saturated air is normally recommended you will be prompted for the next step Calibrating either of the choices will automatically calibrate the other For the percent saturation mode be certain that the sensor has been thermally equilibrated in water saturated air and that the sensor shows stable readings prior to beginning the calibration routine particularly after a membrane chang
68. custom site lists in the office or laboratory that are instantly available in the field to simply file site management e Set up Site Designations that are characterized by a File Name and a Site Name for simple logging of data from a single site to a single file e Setup Site Designations that are characterized by a File Name a Site Name and a Site number which correlates with the Site name These lists allow the logging of data from more than one site to the same file e Fasily view data on the 650 display that has been stored to either sonde or 650 memory e Easily upload data that has been stored in either sonde or 650 memory to a PC for analysis using EcoWatch for Windows software from YSI 3 5 4 2 SUMMARY OF 650 LOGGING LIMITATIONS WITH A 650 YSI SONDE SYSTEM THE USER CANNOT e Log GPS and or barometer data to sonde memory e Log GPS and or barometer to 650 memory without a sonde attached and the 650 in Run mode See Sections 3 8 2 and 3 9 4 below e Log data to existing files in 650 memory if the data format does not EXACTLY match that of the data already in the file Typical examples of this type of file mismatch include e Attempting to append existing data files after changing the parameter list e Attempting to append existing data containing a Site Number to a file that contains data without Site numbers e Attempting to append existing data containing NO site number to a file that contains data with Site numb
69. does not affect communication for upload of files toa PC Highlight the entry and press Enter Then select the baud rate of choice and press Enter to confirm it CAUTION The baud rate for the 650 MUST match that in the sonde usually set at 9600 or communication with the sonde will not be possible Unless you know that your sonde is set to a baud rate different than 9600 YSI strongly recommends that you leave the baud rate for the 650 set to the default value of 9600 3 3 5 SHUTOFF TIME This value represents the number of minutes until the 650 automatically shuts down to save batteries Values can be integers from 1 to 15 or enter 0 to disable the shutoff completely 3 3 6 COMMA RADIX The user can toggle between a period default and comma for the radix mark by selecting this item and pressing the Enter key If you change your radix mark in the 650 make sure that you also change it to the same symbol in the sonde Advanced Setup menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 19 650 MDS Section 3 3 3 7 ID Activate this item and Enter choice of instrument identification limit 11 characters for your 650 as described in Section 3 1 8 above 3 3 8 CIRCUIT BOARD SN This item identifies the serial number of the circuit board resident in your 650 It cannot be changed by the user 3 3 9 BAROMETER UNITS Highlighting this selection and pressing Enter will activate a display which will allow you to select the u
70. due to this factor then the problem will be corrected by manually cleaning the wiper edges so that the fluorescent surface is restored Question 17 How often should I change my mechanical wiper For sampling and monitoring studies YSI recommends periodic inspection of the wiper to assure that it is not fouled with silt or biological material If any of these symptoms is noted debris should be removed from the wiper particularly the edges where the pad meets the wiper assembly Ifthe wiper pad is abraded or damaged in anyway the wiper assembly should be changed immediately YSI also recommends that the wiper be changed as a precaution prior to each long term monitoring study Spare wipers are available in the YSI 6024 Wiper Kit In addition users who wish to replace only the pad of the wiper assembly can purchase the YSI 6144 Optical Wiper Pad Kit Caution When replacing the wiper be sure that you do not rotate the wiper arm after it is tightened to the shaft This may damage the internal motor gearbox mechanism and could void your warranty Question 18 Do I have to worry about the effect of variable temperature on my field readings This factor is definitely a consideration depending on the level of reliability you require if the water at your site is at a significantly different temperature from that of calibration YSI studies show that while the optics and electronics of the sensor show very little temperature effect the fluorescence
71. for the EcoWatch for Windows menus YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 20 Sondes Section 2 2 5 SONDE SOFTWARE SETUP There are two sets of software at work in any YSI environmental monitoring system One is resident in your PC and is called EcoWatch for Windows The other software is resident in the sonde itself When you select Sonde from the EcoWatch for Windows menus the PC based software begins direct communication with the sonde based software via standard VT 100 terminal emulation In EcoWatch for Windows select the sonde icon N Then select the proper Com port and confirm by clicking OK A window similar to that shown below will appear indicating connection to the sonde as shown in Figure 39 Type Menu after the sign press Enter and the sonde Main menu will be displayed Figure 39 Sonde COM2 If your sonde has previously been used the Main menu rather than the sign may appear when communication is established In this case simply proceed as described below You will not be required to type Menu If you are unable to establish interaction with the sonde make sure that the cable is properly connected If you are using external power make certain that the YSI 6037 or 6038 power supply or other 12 vdc source is properly working Recheck the setup of the Com port and other software parameters Also refer to Section 6 Troubleshooting The sonde software is menu driven You s
72. for an extended time period 30 60 days When the study is complete or the batteries are expended the unit is brought back to the laboratory and the data file is uploaded to a computer Quality assurance checks are performed prior to redeployment Select 2 Unattended Sampling from the Run menu The Unattended sample menu will be displayed Use the following example to understand the unattended sampling option YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 62 Sondes Section 2 Unattended setup 1 Interval 00 15 00 2 Start date 07 17 96 3 Start time 18 00 00 4 Duration days 14 5 File clrlake3 6 Site Clear Lake at Spillway LB iemavOlae SiO ret 8 Bat life 21 2 days 9 Free mem 18 9 days A 1lst sample in 8 10 minutes B View params to log C Start logging Follow the prompts on this screen to prepare your 600XLM 6600 6920 or 600 OMS battery version sonde for unattended deployment as described below e Verify that the current time and date are correct to ensure that your unattended sampling study begins and ends when you desire To verify correct the time and date return to the Main menu and enter 4 Status or 5 System You may enter the correct date and time from either of these submenus e Select 1 Interval and enter the desired time between samples Use the 24 hour clock format to enter interval e Select 2 Start Date and 3 Start Time to set the time that data will begin to log to sonde memory If you d
73. from Tables 1 2 and 3 into the YSI clear calibration cup provided Immerse the sonde in the water Input the value 0 ug L at the prompt and press Enter The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Activate the wiper 1 2 times by pressing 3 Clean Optics as shown on the screen to remove any bubbles from the sensor After stabilization is complete press Enter to confirm the calibration and then as instructed press Enter to return to the Calibrate menu Thoroughly rinse and dry the calibration cups for future use For additional information related to calibrating the chlorophyll sensor see Sections 5 12 Chlorophyll and Appendix I Chlorophyll RHODAMINE WT 2 POINT Select Rhodamine from the Calibrate Menu and then 2 2 Point NOTE One standard must be 0 ug L in rhodamine WT and this standard must be calibrated first To begin the calibration place the correct amount see Tables 1 4 of 0 standard clear deionized or distilled water into the calibration cup provided with your sonde and immerse the sonde in the water Input the value 0 ug L at the prompt and press Enter The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Activate the wiper 1 2 times by pressing 3 Clean Optics as shown on the screen to remove any bubbles After stabilization is complete press Enter to confirm the first calibration and then a
74. from chloride is relatively small and thus tolerable at low salinity the large quantity of this species in salt or brackish water creates interference so great as to make the sensor unsuitable for these media Despite the potential problems with interference when using ISEs it is important to remember that almost all interfering species produce an artificially high nitrate reading Thus if the sonde indicates the presence of only small quantities of nitrate it is unlikely that the reading is erroneously low because of interference Unusually high nitrate readings which could be due to interfering ions should be confirmed by laboratory analysis after collection of water samples Ion selective electrodes have the greatest tendency to exhibit calibration drift over time of all the sensors available on the sonde This drift should not be a major problem for sampling studies where the instrument can be frequently calibrated However if a nitrate sensor is used in a longer term deployment study with the sonde the user should be aware that drift is almost certain to occur The extent of the drift will vary depending on the age of the probe the flow rate at the site and the quality of the water For all monitoring studies using ion selective electrodes the user should acquire a few grab samples during the course of the deployment for analysis in the laboratory by chemical means or with another nitrate sensor which has been recently calibrated Rem
75. header will be displayed In many cases a page length of zero is the preferred configuration if you choose to upload your data in an ASCII or CDF format See Section 2 9 3 File Menu for more details NOTE The header itself takes 4 lines Therefore if the page length is set to 25 there will be 21 lines of data and one header Any page length less than 5 will result in no header being transmitted Select 4 Instrument ID from the System setup menu to record the instrument ID number usually the instrument serial number and press Enter A prompt will appear which will allow you to type in the serial number of your sonde This will make sure that any data that is collected is associated with a particular sonde The 5 Circuit Board SN entry shows the serial number of the PCB that is resident in your sonde not the entire system as for Instrument ID Unlike the Instrument ID the user cannot change the Circuit Board SN Select 6 GLP filename to enter a name for the file that is automatically generated and appended as you calibrate any of the sonde sensors The default designation for the GLP file is the Circuit Board SN and this name can be retained if you wish See section 2 9 3 for general information on the GLP file Select 7 SDI 12 address from the System Setup menu to change the value Input a number between 0 and 9 and then press Enter to confirm the selection The SDI 12 default address is zero 0 This feature is fully described in Section
76. i ze laan ne 5 a A E E 15 1aan 2917 nad IRAR nna nenn Jeg 10 89 Z aa i 1480 5 6 r a A 2717 a8 02 z 1239 IFA NRSA 15RA ANA nann ay BZ Z 34 52 7 98 r AF 7 76 1 70 1B PO a POO 06721 1993 0622 99 y izan 9919 NRSA 15RA nna nann i064 89 E 1918 e 177 a For Help press F1 g 182 i e EE 2217 NR AA 15RA nne nann 4 912 02 E ee 9447 ABA 46 38 ane na ni n Sate 06 22 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 06 27 1993 06 28 1993 6 23 1993 16 45 4 DateTime M D Y eee aaa S oa eo For Help press F1 INUM as 2 3 CHANGING DISPLAY FORMATS USING SETUP Beyond selecting data viewing options such as table format or graphical format you may also customize your data displays For example you may change the order in which parameters are viewed you may add and delete parameters you may change plot appearance using different interval times and different units and you may change the x axis if you prefer a parameter other than date or time The Top Line menu selection that allows you to select some of these parameter changes is Setup Click on Setup then Parameters From here there are four submenus that allow you to Add Remove parameters change Units change sample interval and or x axis Attributes and change the Names of the parameters you have assigned as shown in Figure 46 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 53 Sondes Section 2 Figure 46 Changing
77. in Figure 14 to expose the bulkhead Figure 14 BULKHEAD WITH va PROBE PORT PLUGS YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 8 Sondes Section 2 REMOVING THE PORT PLUGS Using the long extended end of the probe installation tool supplied in the YSI 6570 Maintenance Kit remove the port plugs Save all the port plugs Figure 15 for possible future use There are a variety of probe options for the sondes Figures 15 16 and 17 illustrate the uses of the common tool for port plug removal Q Note that this tool will also be used to install the various probes If the tool is misplaced or lost you may use 7 64 and 9 64 hex keys as substitutes DO COND amp sa pH ORP PORT OPTIC B PLUGS PORT PLUG INSTALLATION INSTALLATION ee Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 NOTE You may need pliers to remove the ISE port ISE PORT PLUG plugs but do not use pliers to tighten the ISE probes Hand tighten only Now refer to Figures 19 24 to find the probe locations in your sonde SLIP JAWS YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 9 Sondes 600XL amp 600XLM SONDE BULKHEAD 6562 Dissolved oxygen probe 3 pin connector 6560 Conductivity Temperature 6 pin connector 6561 pH probe 4 pin connector 6565 Combo pH ORP probe 4 pin connector Oooo 6600 SONDE BULKHEAD 6562 Dissolved oxygen probe 3 pin connector 6560 Conductivity Temperature 6 pin co
78. in the sondes flash disk memory the screen below shows 6 files All data files dat extension could be uploaded to EcoWatch for viewing or plotting but you do not need to upload all files in the directory The file with the glp extension contains the calibration record of the sonde Itis fully described in Sections 2 9 2 and 2 9 3 below Details of any of the studies can be obtained by pressing the number key associated with the file in the Directory Filename Samples 1 BRIDGE1 dat 19 1 View file 2 BRIDGE2 dat 27 2 File CLRLAKE2 dat 3 UPLAKE dat 33 3 Samples 167 4 CLRLAKE2 dat 167 4 Bytes 4421 5 DWNLAKE2 dat eal 5 First 08 23 2001 6 00003001 glp 3 6 First 08 33 40 7 Last 08 23 2001 Select option 0 for previous menu 4 8 Last 09 04 20 9 Interval 00 00 10 A Site Clear Lake Select 2 Upload to view file lists in memory and upload the data to PC based software Prior to upload a Time window display appears that will allow you to select portions of the logged data to upload You may select 1 Proceed to upload all logged data from the dates and times displayed YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 46 Sondes Section 2 1 Proceed 2 Start date 08 14 96 3 Start time 18 00 00 4 Stop date 08 28 96 5 Stop time 11 00 00 Select option 0 for previous menu Select 1 Proceed Choose the appropriate file transfer protocol in this example PC6000 and a status box will show the progress of the u
79. is present Q Select 5 File and enter a name of no more than 8 characters that will be used by your external computer to identify the study Be sure to use ONLY alpha numeric characters Q Select 6 Site and enter a site name of no more than 31 characters This filename will appear in your sonde file directory but will not be used to identify the file after transfer to your computer Q Check 7 Battery to make certain that the voltage is suitable for the length of the study that you are about to begin No change can be made to this item via the software Skip B View params to log in this initial test study This feature will be explained in detail in Section 2 9 Sonde Menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 42 Sondes Section 2 After making the above entries the sonde software will automatically calculate the expected battery life and the time it will take for the sonde memory to be filled This information is displayed on the screen for your consideration as items 8 9 and A If the battery life or the free memory capacity will be exceeded sooner than the duration you may want to make some changes to the entries For example you can free up memory in the sonde by uploading all existing data from the sonde memory to your PC and then deleting them out of the sonde see 3 File from Main Menu You may want to change the batteries for longer battery life You can lengthen the sampling interval to extend both batt
80. level sensors keep the tube sealed and dry GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LONG TERM SONDE STORAGE The following are long term storage recommendations listed by instrument type They will be applicable for sondes with typical sensor configurations 600XL 600XLM Remove the pH or pH ORP probe from the sonde and store it according to the instructions found in the following section on individual sensors Cover the empty port with the provided plug Leave the conductivity temperature and the dissolved oxygen probes in the sonde with a membrane and electrolyte on the DO sensor Place enough of deionized distilled or tap water in the calibration cup to cover the sensors insert the sonde into the vessel and seal with the cap O ring to minimize evaporation 6820 6920 6600 Leave the conductivity temperature and the dissolved oxygen probes in the sonde with a membrane and electrolyte on the DO sensor Remove all other probes from the sonde and store according to the instructions found in the following section on individual sensors Cover the empty ports with the provided YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 101 Sondes Section 2 plugs Place enough of deionized distilled or tap water in the calibration cup to cover the sensors insert the sonde into the vessel and tighten the threaded cup to attain a good seal and minimize evaporation 600R and 600QS with Replaceable Reference Electrode Module Instruments of this d
81. likely to fluoresce differently in vivo even if the actual chlorophyll content is the same Thus unless the biological species are perfectly homogeneous with regard to site in a sampling study and with regard to time in a monitoring study inaccuracy will occur if only a single phytoplankton calibration is performed In addition the fluorescence intensity of many phytoplankton types shows a diurnal cycle even though the same amount of material is present Under this limitation the time of day at which calibration samples are taken would have to be identical to the time of field measurement for the chlorophyll values determined by the two methods to agree consistently This level of synchronization is usually not practical The key point to remember is that in vivo chlorophyll determinations made with any fluorometer are likely to be less accurate than those measured by laboratory analysis of individual samples The advantage of the in vivo method is its convenience and ability to readily track changes in relative phytoplankton values via indirect fluorescence readings Question 5 Can I use a dye standard to calibrate my 6025 chlorophyll sensor to increase the accuracy The use of the dye solutions described in the Principles of Operation section above will usually not significantly enhance the accuracy of your field readings relative to extractive analysis of grab samples The primary utility of the dye is to check for sensor drift during deploym
82. methods described in Standard Methods for chlorophyll involve disruption of the living organisms present in suspension followed by extraction of molecular chlorophyll into a homogeneous solution in an organic solvent Acidification of the extract helps to minimize the interferences caused by a number of other non chlorophyll species In addition readings can be taken at various wavelengths on a spectrophotometer to differentiate between the various forms of chlorophyll a b c and pheophytin a In contrast to this fairly controlled situation all in vivo sensors operate under whole cell heterogeneous conditions where the sensor will measure at least to some degree everything which fluoresces in the region of the spectrum above 630 nm when irradiated with 470 nm light Therefore the sensor is really quantifying overall fluorescence under these optical conditions rather than chlorophyll specifically While it is probable that most of the fluorescence is due to suspended plant and algal matter and that much of the fluorescence from this biomass is due to chlorophyll it is impossible to exclude interferences from other fluorescent species using the approach described above Note that in vivo fluorometers usually cannot differentiate between the different forms of chlorophyll LACK OF CALIBRATION REAGENTS The usual reagents which are used for the calibration of fluorometric measurements for chlorophyll after extraction into organic solvents are p
83. of formazin either generated yourself or purchased from a high quality vendor like Hach in either concentrated form 4000 NTU or in various concentrations under the Hach StablCal designation These formazin suspensions can be made up or purchased in any desired value but 100 NTU is recommended In addition AEPA AMCO polymer beads supplied by YSI as Model 6073 can also be used with one important qualification You will need to remember that the 6026 and 6136 sensors which read the same in formazin suspensions will have different responses in the suspensions of the AEPA AMCO beads Thus as noted on the label of the 6073 bottle the value of the standard is 100 NTU when used for calibration of the 6026 sensor but 123 NTU when used to calibratethe 6136 Note that the phenomenon of a sensor specific formazin AEPA AMCO ratio is well known for sensors other than the 6026 and 6136 Can I use my current probe guard and calibration cup with gray bottom with the new 6136 turbidity sensor No Because the beam of the new 6136 sensor penetrates further into the sample the light will impact on the older shorter probe guard and the gray bottom of the old calibration cup This interference will cause YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 4 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E artificially high readings To solve this problem you will receive a new longer probe guard and a new black calibration cup bottom in the sa
84. of suspended phytoplankton the magnitude of which can significantly affect the overall quality of the water The use of the measurement of phytoplankton as an indicator of water quality is described in Section 10200 A of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater The classical method of determining the quantity of chlorophyll at a particular site is to collect a fairly large water sample and analyze it in the laboratory The procedure involves filtration of the sample to concentrate the chlorophyll containing organisms mechanical rupturing of the collected cells and extraction of the chlorophyll from the disrupted cells into the organic solvent acetone The extract is then analyzed by either a spectrophotometric method using the known optical properties of chlorophyll or by high performance liquid chromatography HPLC This general method is detailed in Section 10200 H of Standard Method and has been shown to be accurate in multiple tests and applications as long as a competent laboratory analyst carries out the protocol The procedure is generally accepted for reporting in scientific literature The method is time consuming however and usually requires an experienced efficient analyst to generate consistently accurate and reproducible results It also does not lend itself readily to continuous monitoring of chlorophyll and thus phytoplankton since the collection of samples at reasonable time intervals e g every hour would
85. of the storage time remove the existing membrane and re membrane the probe using new electrolyte pH The key to pH probe storage short or long term is to make certain that the reference electrode junction does not dry out Junctions which have been allowed to dry out due to improper storage procedures can usually be rehydrated by soaking the sensor for several hours overnight is recommended in a solution which is 2 molar in potassium chloride see dissolved oxygen section above for preparation of this solution If potassium chloride solution is not available soaking the sensor in tap water or commercial pH buffers may restore probe function However in some cases the sensor may have been irreparably damaged by the dehydration and will require replacement It is also important to remember not to store the pH sensor in distilled or deionized water as the glass sensor may be damaged by exposure to this medium The long term storage protocol is dependent on the instrument For YSI 600XL 6820 6600 and 6920 systems the recommended long term storage protocol is identical Remove the probe from the sonde and seal the vacant port with the provided plug Place the probe in the YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 103 Sondes Section 2 storage vessel plastic boot or bottle which was in place on delivery The vessel should contain a solution which is 2 molar in potassium chloride Make certain that the vessel is sealed to p
86. on the TDS parameter Salinity 0 This selection allows you to input a manually acquired value of salinity for calculating other parameters such as DO mg L and depth This item is not used or displayed if the conductivity sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Pres 0 psi This selection allows you to set a value of pressure for calculating other parameters like salinity This item is not used or displayed if the pressure sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Latitude 40 This selection allows you to input the global position latitude where the sonde is sampling The units are degrees For accuracy enter the decimal equivalent to indicate degrees and minutes For example enter 41 30 as 41 5 This value is used in the calculation of depth YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 89 Sondes Section 2 or level to account for global variations in the gravitational field This item will only appear if the pressure sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Flow Setup This selection allows you to setup the sonde to output flow information See Appendix F Flow for detailed information on how to setup the Flow parameter This item will only appear if the sonde has shallow vented level Altitude 0 This selection allows you to input the local altitude relative to sea level where the sonde is sampling The units are feet You may enter positive or negative values range is 276 to 29028 to represent altitudes above or below se
87. optional rechargeable battery pack Ifa 6117 rechargeable battery pack is in place a NiMH label will appear as part of the indicator During charging of the battery pack the black portion of the icon will pulse horizontally until charging is complete In addition the entire battery indicator will flash when your batteries are almost exhausted and require replacement C cells or recharge optional rechargeable battery pack 2 10 5 Menu Indicator This icon is located in the lower right portion of the Status Bar and provides a guide as to whether the menu on the display of the 650 originates in the sonde or the 650 itself The icon shown in the figure above represents a 650 menu if the menu on the display had originated in the sonde the Status bar would display a sonde like icon as shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 17 650 MDS Section 3 Calibrate File Status System Sonde Icon Report Sensor Advanced N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 4mmHg 05 31 2000 14 21 14 L _ 3 2 11 UPGRADING ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS SOFTWARE To utilize the full capability of the 650 MDS you will need to upgrade your version of EcoWatch for Windows from the YSI World Wide Web page www ysi com Access the YSI Environmental Web Page select tech support from the header and then Downloads After registration select the EcoWatch for Windows upgrade entry and follow the instructions provided After th
88. options in the Run menu eh aE RUNTSCtEUP o ne 1 Discrete sample 2 Unattended sample Select option 0 for previous menu 1 DISCRETE SAMPLING Discrete sampling is usually used in short term spot sampling applications when the user is present at the site and the unit is attached to a data logger or laptop PC It could be used in the vertical profiling of a lake or river where the user lowers the sonde incrementally into the water and data acquired for a few minutes at each depth In this section you will learn how to use the sonde menu structure to open and close files set the interval between samples start the sampling operation and log data to the internal memory of the sonde Select 1 Discrete sample from the Run menu The Discrete sample menu will be displayed Discrete sample 1 Start sampling 2 Sample interval 4 3 File 4 Site 5 Open file Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 60 Sondes Section 2 Select 1 Start sampling option to start discrete sampling After the initial sampling time interval has passed 4 seconds in the screen above sequential lines of data will appear on the screen Temp SpCond mm dd yy hh mm ss 1 LOG last sample 2 LOG ON OFF 3 Clean optics 05 05 97 10 04 40 21 57 0 009 O00 TS O 493 7 155 05 05 97 10 04 44 21 57 0 009 O 00 to k O S30 7 1515 xxx LOG is ON hit 2 to turn it OFF 3 Clean optics 05 05 9
89. or 6136 is being calibrated This reflects the empirically determined fact that the 6026 and 6136 sensors which have been calibrated to the same value in the primary standard formazin will have different responses in the suspensions of the AEPA AMCO beads This effect is likely due to the larger optical cell volume of the 6136 Thus for example the label of the YSI 6073 turbidity standard bottle indicates that the value of the standard is 100 NTU when used for calibration of the 6026 sensor but 123 NTU when used to calibrate the 6136 Note that the phenomenon of a sensor specific formazin AEPA AMCO ratio is well known for sensors other than the 6026 and 6136 YSI and its approved vendors offer easy to use AMCO AEPA turbidity standards which can also be quantitatively diluted with turbidity free water to provide calibrant suspensions of lower values Hach also offers relatively inexpensive formazin suspensions at various NTU values up to 1000 NTU under the Stablcal designation which will provide accurate calibration of either the 6026 or 6136 sensors as long as the user is willing to exercise the proper safety precautions as outlined in the MSDS associated with formazin The primary advantage of the Hach formazin standards is their cost their primary disadvantage is that the suspended matter settles out fairly rapidly Although the AMCO AEPA standards are somewhat more expensive they do not settle out making them significantly easier to us
90. remember that field optical measurements are particularly susceptible to fouling not only from long term build up of biological and chemical debris but also to shorter term formation of bubbles from outgassing of the environmental water These bubbles can generally be removed in short term sampling application by simply agitating the sonde manually However for studies longer than a few hours where the user is not present at the site the quality of the turbidity data obtained with a turbidity sensor that has no capability of mechanical cleaning is likely to be poor However as noted above both the 6026 and the 6136 probes are equipped with a mechanical wiper that makes them ideal for unattended applications The wiper can be activated in real time during discrete sampling operations or will function automatically during long term unattended sampling studies The number of wiper movements and the frequency of the cleaning cycle for the unattended mode can be set in the sonde software Generally one movement is sufficient for most environmental applications but in media with particularly heavy fouling additional cleaning cycles may be necessary CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The sonde software offers the option of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations procedures For most applications a 2 point calibration at 0 and approximately 100 NTU is sufficient for either the 6026 or the 6136 sensor to meet the quoted accuracy specification of
91. return to the Calibrate menu If you select Chl ug L in the initial calibration routine there will be a choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point options The 1 point selection is normally used to zero the fluorescence probe in a medium that is chlorophyll free If you use this method you will either choose to utilize the default sensitivity for chlorophyll in the sonde software or to update a previous multipoint calibration Usually you will place the sonde in clear water and input 0 ug L at the screen prompt After pressing Enter the screen will display real time readings allowing you to determine when the chlorophyll readings have stabilized Press Enter after the readings have stabilized to confirm the calibration and zero the sensor Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Note For the 2 point and 3 point calibrations described below standards of known fluorescence are required Two general types of standards can be used a phytoplankton suspensions of known chlorophyll content and b dye solutions whose fluorescence can be correlated to that of chlorophyll The user is responsible for determining the chlorophyll content of phytoplankton suspensions either by employing the extractive analysis procedure described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater or by analyzing the suspension in situ using a laboratory fluorometer See Section 5 Principles of Operation and Appendix I Chlorophyll of
92. returned by the DO command is less than the number specified in the previous response to M commands the rest of the data can be retrieved by using D1 to D9 commands The D commands are non destructive Thus if the same D command is issued multiple times before the next M command it will return the same data If the response to the DO command is a CR LF then either no M command was received before the first D command or the M command was canceled Example Here is an example SDI 12 transaction Here SDI 12 master will issue an Identify command followed by a Measure command The sonde is configured with a report output of Temperature Specific conductance DO DO mg L pH ISE1 ORP ISE2 and Depth a DO warm up time of 60 seconds and an SDI 12 address of 1 Master 1I Sonde 110YSITIWQSGEM600_107 CR LF The bus master asked for identification and the Sonde returned data showing the following SDI 12 level 1 0 Manufacturer YSITWQSG YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 7 3 Communications Section 7 Model EMS600_ Version 1 07 Master 1M Sonde 10617 CR LF The bus master sent a measurement command The Sonde will take a maximum of 61 seconds to finish the measurement Upon completion it will have 7 sensor data available Sonde 1 CR LF Master 1D0 Sonde 1 17 5 12 05 98 7 8 25 6 45 CR LF Master 1D1 Sonde 1 325 10 CR LF After finishing the measu
93. same as for a 2 point calibration but the software will prompt you to select a third pH buffer to complete the 3 point procedure ORP Select 5 ISE2 ORP to calibrate the ORP sensor Immerse the sonde in a solution with a known oxidation reduction potential value we recommend Zobell solution and press Enter You will be prompted to enter the ORP value of the solution Press Enter and monitor the stabilization of the ORP and temperature readings After no changes occur for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu The following calibrations are for the 6820 6600 or 6920 sondes only If you do not have one of these sondes skip to Section 2 9 6 Report AMMONIUM When selecting 6 ISE3 NH4 you will be given the choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations for your ammonium NH sensor Select the 1 point option only if you are adjusting a previous calibration If a 2 point or 3 point calibration has been performed previously you can adjust the calibration by doing a one point calibration Immerse the sonde in any solution of known ammonium concentration and press Enter You will be prompted to type in the NH value in mg L of NH N of the solution you are using Press Enter again and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the NH4 readings have stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the calib
94. sensor Testing at YSI has indicated that the optical system of the YSI 6025 is very stable and is unlikely to show significant drift over time Thus if you are using the dye calibration method with its limitations you may only have to carry out the routine very infrequently Remember that it is basically only useful as a drift check anyway In general you should perform periodic 2 point calibrations using a dye sample more frequently during your initial studies with the YSI 6025 to empirically determine its drift rate and use these results to set up your calibration frequency If you are post calibrating the sensor with phytoplankton suspensions to obtain accurate readings relative to chlorophyll as determined by laboratory extractive analysis then you will effectively be performing a 2 point calibration for every sampling or monitoring study Question 12 Are there precautions that I should take when acquiring samples for laboratory analysis Yes The key is to obtain a sample which is representative of the water being measured by the YSI 6025 in vivo The mistake most often made is to simply immerse an open bottle in the environmental water Under these conditions any macroscopic surface plant or algal matter which also contains chlorophyll will also be introduced into the sample even though it is not present in the subsurface zone where the probe is measuring fluorescence If this happens your laboratory analysis will always b
95. similar modem choose it from the list and then click Copy to Custom Choose Custom from the list and edit the settings It transfers all modem settings from the currently selected modem to the Custom modem so you can modify the setting later e Dialing If there is no entry for Phone Number then every time you choose an option that opens the COM port that connected to a modem EcoWatch will ask you for a phone number Timeout specifies how long in seconds EcoWatch will wait for the phone to answer Use the Dial option to select Tone or Pulse dialing YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 27 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Other Setup This is where you choose a default port for communicating with a sonde and default capture files for each sonde port This tab addresses several COM port settings not covered on the other two tabs Communication Settings e Default Capture File While communicating to a sonde in terminal mode using the Sonde command you may want to capture measurements to a file You may type in a default file name in the accompanying text box If you specify a file name here and select the Use on Capture check box then whenever you capture data the program will write to that file without first asking you to confirm If you specify a file but do not select the check box then you will have to confirm that this is the file you wish to have your data written to before starting to capture e
96. sonde If water enters these areas it can severely damage the battery terminals or probe ports causing loss of battery power during a deployment false readings and corrosion to the probes Therefore when the battery compartment lid is removed from 600XLM 6920 6600 and 600 OMS battery version sondes the o rings that provide the seal should be carefully inspected for contamination e g hair grit etc and cleaned if necessary using the instructions provided below The same inspection should be made of the o rings associated with the probes port plugs and field cable connectors when they are removed If no dirt or damage to the o rings is evident then they should be lightly greased without removal from their groove However if there is any indication at all of damage the o ring should be replaced with an identical item from the YSI 6570 Maintenance Kit supplied with your sonde At the time of o ring replacement the entire o ring assembly should be cleaned as described below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 95 Sondes Section 2 To remove the o rings Use a small flat bladed screwdriver or similar blunt tipped tool to remove the o ring from its groove Check the o ring and the groove for any excess grease or contamination If contamination is evident clean the o ring and nearby plastic parts with lens cleaning tissue or equivalent lint free cloth Alcohol can be used to clean the plastic parts but use only wate
97. sonde interface is established you will be able to easily log data from the sonde sensors to either the memory of the sonde or the memory of the 650 for later analysis The connection between the sonde and the 650 is made via the mating of MS 8 connectors on the standard YSI field cable and the bottom of the 650 case To make the connection hold the 650 in one hand place the 650 and cable connectors together and rotate the field cable connector until engagement occurs Then rotate the field cable connector approximately 1 quarter turn until it is fully engaged as evidenced by a click After YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 15 650 MDS Section 3 connecting the sonde to the 650 press the on button on the upper left of the 650 keypad to activate the 650 Main menu as shown below 650 Main Menu Sonde menu File Logging setup system setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 1mmHg 06 06 2000 07 51 55 Using the arrow keys highlight the Sonde run entry in the Main 650 Menu and press the Enter key Readings from the 6 series sonde sensors will appear on the 650 Main Display in real time as shown in the following diagram Run onde EE Los one sample Start logging Start logging Clean optics MDY po 13 54 05 56 300ch 22 62 c 6 98 pH Sree 87 Shp 0 002 O 2NtTu 0 00sal 0 20 1p0 12 30 volr N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74Lommig e 06 01 2000 14 50 43 MEE
98. temperature This protocol minimizes the effects of taking readings at temperatures that are significantly different ambient laboratory temperatures YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 13 Principles of Operation Section 5 MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 The temperature response of ion selective electrodes is not as predictable as that of pH sensors Therefore be sure to carry out a 3 point calibration the first time you use the probe This will provide a default setting for the effect of temperature on your particular sensor After this initial calibration you can use the less time consuming 2 point and 1 point routines to update the 3 point calibration However we strongly recommend a new 3 point calibration after each deployment of 30 days or longer 2 Ion selective electrodes may not stabilize as rapidly as pH sensors Be sure to allow plenty of time for the readings to come to their final values during all calibration routines 3 Ion selective electrodes generally drift more than pH sensors Be sure to check for this drift by placing the sonde in a standard at the end of each deployment 4 Remember that the chloride sensor will take longer to stabilize after exposure to pH buffers To accelerate this process soak the sensor in 1000 mg L standard for a few minutes after performing a pH calibration In addition be particularly careful that readings are stable during chloride calibration after exp
99. the prompt After the resetting operation has been completed type menu at the prompt and then begin a Discrete Sample study from the Run menu The wiper should park directly opposite the optical surface after the calibration procedure has been carried out You should definitely calibrate the parking of your wiper every time you change probes and you will probably want to carry out the power down power up protocol when you change wipers on the same probe Question 20 I suspect that my YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor is not performing properly What should I do before contacting YSI Customer Service to facilitate resolving the problem You should perform two diagnostic tests to help YSI personnel determine if the YSI 6025 is malfunctioning First determine whether the wiper system of the probe is working by interfacing the sonde containing the sensor to a computer on a 650 MDS display logger beginning a Discrete Sample study and manually activating the wiper Determine if the wiper turns at all and if it does whether it reverses direction and parks approximately 180 degrees from the optical face Second determine the sensitivity of the probe by measuring its sensitivity under factory default conditions in a dye solution prepared as described in Section 5 Principles of Operation Then place the sonde containing the probe in question into the dye solution Enter the Calibrate menu and then the Chlorophyll submenu and choose a 1 point C
100. the 650 e 6113 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6114 110 volt wall charger and 6117 battery pack included e 6126 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6123 universal charger European power cable British power cable and 6117 battery pack included e 6127 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6123 universal charger China Australia power cord and 6117 battery pack included 4654 Tripod 614 Ultra Clamp 5085 Hands Free Harness 5065 Form fitting Case 5081 Hard sided Case 6117 Extra Rechargeable Battery Pack 6115 GPS Cable for interface with user supplied GPS unit 616 Cigarette Lighter Charger If you have ordered any of these accessories with your 650 make certain during the unpacking process that you have received them 3 2 2 UNDERSTANDING THE 650 MEMORY The 650 is available with two memory options low and high The less expensive low memory option 650 01 and 650 03 is designed for users who typically use their 6 series sondes in sampling applications and store limited data to their logger The available memory of the low memory option ca 10 kB will allow the user to log approximately 150 field readings to a single file in the 650 although the exact logging capability is dependent on the number of parameters active in the 6 series sonde Note also that if multiple files are utilized the number of logged field readings will be r
101. the calibration cup being used is vented or pressure released 3 For short term storage 2 weeks or less keep the probe moist when not in use either by immersing in water or by placing a damp sponge in the calibration vessel For longer term storage remove the probe from the sonde and store it in water with a membrane and electrolyte in place If the membrane appears to be damaged or has dried out be sure to replace it prior to calibration and deployment 4 For maximum accuracy calibrate the Rapid Pulse system at a temperature as close as possible to that of the sample being measured One method of accomplishing this involves immersing the calibration chamber which contains either a small amount of water or a wet sponge into the body of water that is later to be measured Do not allow the sample water to seep into the calibration chamber Monitor the readings After thermal equilibrium has been established proceed with the calibration Note that under normal circumstances this procedure is not required 5 Before you install a new membrane make sure that the O ring groove and the probe tip are clean and smooth If the KCI electrolyte solution leaks from the probe surface during monitoring studies the accuracy of the readings will be compromised 5 9 NITRATE The sonde nitrate probe consists of a silver silver chloride wire electrode in a custom filling solution The internal solution is separated from the sample medium by a poly
102. the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Tasei 07 11 2001 15 14 36 BHC I E To generate a list of Multi Site Designations for storing readings from various sites to the same file establish two entries in the site list with the same file name BLUELAKE The entries will be differentiated by different Site names WEST and EAST and more importantly by different Site Numbers 1 for WEST and 2 for EAST so that your site list appears as shown in display below Edit site list Site list Filename Site name Site Num BLUELAKE WEST EBLUELAKE EAST a or 3 to move a site H to insert a site wHa to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 9mmHg 07 11 2001 15 17 50 li You have now established a site list that will be available in the field for logging of data from two sites WEST and EAST to a single file BLUELAKE To use this list you need to first make certain that the entry Use site list is active in the 650 logging setup Then travel to the WEST site activate the 650 Run display and then select either a continuous data stream Start logging or a single data entry Log single point from the 650 logging window and press Enter When the logging prompt is activated the site list will automatically appear on the display and be available for use in your study as shown below First highlight the entry with the WEST Site name since y
103. the site list will automatically appear on the display and be available for use in your study as shown below First highlight the WEST file since you are at that location and press Enter to log data to the 650 memory An indication that the logging was successful will appear in the 650 logging window Then move to the next location EAST activate the 650 logging function and repeat the logging process but this time highlighting the EAST Filename entry Fick a site then press Site list Filename Site name BLUE LAKE BLUE LAKE Configure N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 TAL IMPI o 02 25 2000 18 29 13 lt 1 Emmet Pick a site then press Site list Filename Site name WEST BLUE LAKE EAST BLUE LAKE Configure N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 TAL onmig os 02 25 2000 18 30 25 F _ ceme NOTE If you want to return to the Edit site list display for changes before logging use the RIGHT ARROW KEY to highlight the Configure selection and press Enter The up down arrows will only scroll within the Site list The data from the two locations has been logged to the selected files that can be either viewed manually using the 650 View file menu or uploaded to EcoWatch for Windows from the 650 File menu This means that all data for the West and East sites are located in separate files identified by the Filenames WEST and EAST as shown in the 650 File Directory below 650 File
104. the sonde in water and dry Thoroughly rinse and dry the calibration containers for future use NOTE The majority of environmental water of all types has a pH between 7 and 10 Therefore unless you anticipate a pH of less than 7 for your application YSI recommends a two point calibration using pH 7 and pH 10 buffers The next calibration instructions are only for the 6820 6600 and 6920 sondes If you do not have one of these sondes you may skip to 2 7 Taking Readings AMMONIUM NH CHLORIDE CL AND NITRATE NO 3 POINT WARNING AMMONIUM AND NITRATE SENSORS CAN ONLY BE USED AT DEPTHS OF LESS THAN 50 FEET 15 METERS USE OF THE SENSORS AT GREATER DEPTHS IS LIKELY TO PERMANENTLY DAMAGE THE SENSOR MEMBRANE The calibration procedures for ammonium nitrate or chloride are similar to pH except for the reagents in the calibration solutions Suggested values for calibrants are 1 and 100 mg L of either ammonium nitrogen NH N or nitrate nitrogen NO3 N Suggested values for calibrants are 10 and 1000 mg L of Chloride CI NOTE The following procedure requires one portion of the high concentration calibrant and two portions of the low concentration calibrant The high concentration solution and one of the low concentration solutions should be at ambient temperature The other low concentration solution should be chilled to less than 10 C prior to beginning the procedure Place the proper amount of 100 mg L standard 1000mg I f
105. then it may not be able to make measurements when the water level is low Be sure the sonde is installed so that it cannot move during measurement Normally a staff gauge is installed with a flume After the sonde is installed calibrate depth to the value read off the staff gauge Be sure to follow the instructions printed in Appendix G Using Vented Level USING THE MANNING EQUATION IN AN OPEN CHANNEL The channel should be large enough that the sonde does not significantly alter the flow of water Most deployments will require the sonde to be in the channel horizontally so that the pressure sensor remains submerged at all times Be sure that the sonde cannot move during the measurement After installation measure the depth of water in the channel with a ruler and use that measurement to calibrate depth on the sonde Be sure to follow the instructions printed in Appendix G Using Vented Level YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual F 14 Using Vented Level Appendix G APPENDIX G USING VENTED LEVEL Sondes that are equipped with level sensors use vented cables The vented level option eliminates errors due to changes in barometric pressure This is accomplished by using a special sensor that has been vented to the outside atmosphere by way of a tube that runs up through the sonde and cable The tube must remain open and vented to the outside atmosphere to function All storage caps must be removed and no forei
106. to each data record To index these numbers to the appropriate locations the user must consult the Site list by activating Edit site list from the 650 Logging setup menu The correlation between site names and numbers is found here indicating that Site 1 is WEST and Site 2 is EAST YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual site list Filename Site name Site Num 1 BLUELAKE WEST BLUELAKE EAST 2 0 or a to move a site to insert a site a to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 07 11 2001 15 17 50 F EEE 3 42 650 MDS Section 3 This file will remain in 650 memory so that you can return to each location at a future time and log more data to the Site designations WEST and EAST The key for this site list setup is that all data logged will be stored in the same file BLUELAKE under different Site Numbers for each location 1 for WEST and 2 for EAST NOTE CAREFULLY The same limitation noted above applies for appending the file BLUELAKE with additional data from these or other sites the logging setup sonde parameters barometer GPS must be identical to that for the initially stored data If there has been a change in setup the Site Designation will be grayed out in the Site List indicating a parameter mismatch 3 5 3 4 EDITING YOUR SITE LIST The 650 software provides powerful tools f
107. to identify the file after transfer to your computer e Check 7 Battery to make certain that the voltage is suitable for the length of the study that you are about to begin No change can be made to this item via the software Note that no battery entry will appear for the 600R 600QS 600XL and 6820 sondes e Select B View Parameters to log to confirm that your sensor and report setups are configured correctly as described in Sections 2 9 6 and 2 9 7 An example screen is shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 63 Sondes Section 2 SSSsaoshesscs Pengelils ile IleejesaoSasseacsas 1 Temp C 6 Orp mV 2 Cond mS cm 7 NH4 N mg L 3 DOsat 8 NO3 N mg L 4 DOchrg 9 Turbid NTU 5 pH A Battery volts Select option 0 for previous menu In some cases the View params to log screen only identifies the raw parameters that are used in the calculation of the items that you have selected in the Report setup Example You have selected DO mg L in the Report setup but it does not appear under View parameters to log because it is calculated from DO saturation Temperature and Conductivity Likewise although specific conductance is selected in the Report setup it does not appear under Parameters to log because it is calculated from Conductivity and Temperature In all but a few cases the proper configuration of Parameters to log will be automatically set up as long as the sensor is enabled There are sev
108. two point calibration procedure as opposed to a 3 point procedure can save time if the pH of the media being monitored is known to be either basic or acidic For example if the pH of a pond is known to vary between 5 5 and 7 a two point calibration with pH YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 68 Sondes Section 2 7 and pH 4 buffers is appropriate Three point calibration with an additional pH 10 buffer will not increase the accuracy of this measurement since the pH is not within this higher range To begin the calibration immerse the sonde in one of the buffers and enter the actual pH value Press Enter and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the pH sensor has stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the calibration Following the instructions on the screen place the sonde in the second pH buffer input the pH value press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 3 point option to calibrate the pH probe using three calibration solutions In this procedure the pH sensor is calibrated with a pH 7 buffer and two additional buffers The 3 point calibration method assures maximum accuracy when the pH of the media to be monitored cannot be anticipated The procedure for this calibration is the
109. ug L The user can select any values for the second and third standards that are deemed appropriate The procedure for this calibration is the same as for a 2 point calibration but the software will prompt you to place the sonde in the additional solution to complete the 3 point procedure For all chlorophyll calibration procedures be certain that the standard and sensor are thermally equilibrated prior to proceeding with the calibration CAUTION To be assured of the accuracy for field measurements made with your chlorophyll sensor you must either initially calibrate the sensor using a phytoplankton suspension of known chlorophyll content or post calibrate you sensor in a spreadsheet by comparing the fluorescence values obtained in field studies with those obtained by laboratory analysis for chlorophyll on grab samples collected during the field study The use of chemical dye standards for calibration of the sensor may not result in accurate correlation between fluorescence and actual chlorophyll readings and is designed primarily to evaluate the sensor for drift See Section 5 Principles of Operation and Appendix I Chlorophyll Measurements for more information on the proper calibration of your chlorophyll sensor OPTIC RHODAMINE WT When selecting Rhodamine there will be a choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations for your rhodamine WT sensor The 1 point option is normally used to zero the rhodamine probe in 0 ug L standard
110. use of the calibration solutions with the sondes please see Appendix A Health and Safety NOTICE Information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice Effort has been made to make the information contained in this manual complete accurate and current YSI shall not be held responsible for errors or omissions in this operations manual WARNING When caring for your sonde remember that the sonde is sealed at the factory and there is never a need to gain access to the interior circuitry of the sonde In fact if you attempt to disassemble the sonde you would void the manufacturer s warranty Introduction Section 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 ABOUT YSI 1 1 1 2 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL 1 1 1 3 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION 1 2 SECTION 2 SONDES 2 1 GETTING STARTED 2 1 2 2 CONNECTING YOUR SONDE 2 2 2 3 PREPARING THE SONDE FOR USE 2 5 2 4 ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS GETTING STARTED 2 20 2 5 SONDE SOFTWARE SETUP 2 21 2 6 GETTING READY TO CALIBRATE 2 28 2 7 TAKING READINGS 2 40 2 8 USING ECOWATCH TO UPLOAD AND ANALYZE DATA 2 45 2 9 SONDE MENU 2 59 2 10 CARE MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE 2 95 SECTION 3 650 MDS DATA LOGGER 3 1 INTRODUCTION 3 1 3 2 GETTING STARTED 3 1 3 3 SETTING UP THE 650 3 18 3 4 SONDE MENU INTERFACE 3 21 3 5 LOGGING DATA WITH THE 650 3 27 3 6 MANAGING 650 FILES 3 46 3 7 UPLOADING DATA FROM SONDES 3 51 3 8 USING GPS WITH 650 3 51 3 9 USING THE 650 BAROMETER 3 53 3 10 UPGRADING 650 SOFT
111. used command is used to transfer data files resident in the 650 memory either logged directly or uploaded from sonde memory to a PC that is running YSI EcoWatch for Windows software Once transferred the data can be custom configured plotted and reported in tabular form using this software package The data can also be exported from EcoWatch in spreadsheet compatible form if the user prefers this method of data analysis and management In order to carry out the upload of data files to your PC you must first connect the 650 to a serial port of your computer via the 655174 PC Interface cable as shown in the following diagram Computer with EcoWatch for Windows Installed DE 9 PC Serial Port A After the connection is made run EcoWatch for Windows click on the sonde icon in the upper toolbar and set the Comm port number to match your interface After this setup procedure the following screen will be present on your PC monitor S EcoWatch Sonde COM2 File View Comm Realtime Appl Window Help Shee ESBS eee Sonde COM2 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 48 650 MDS Section 3 To transfer data from the 650 to your PC highlight the Upload to PC selection in the 650 File menu and press Enter to view a list of the files Highlight the file that you wish to transfer and press Enter The 650 and PC displays will show the progress of the file transfer until completion 650
112. usually 0 and 100 NTU To begin the calibration immerse the sonde in the 0 NTU standard as instructed and press Enter It is mandatory that the 0 NTU standard be calibrated first The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the first calibration Following the instructions on the screen place the sonde in the second turbidity standard input the correct turbidity value in NTU press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 3 point option for maximum accuracy over the entire range of 0 to 1000 NTU As for the 2 point procedure one of the standards must be 0 NTU Because of the linearity characteristics of the sensors we recommend that the other two standards have turbidity values of 100 and 1000 NTU However the user can select any values that are deemed appropriate The procedure for this calibration is the same as for a 2 point calibration but the software will prompt you to place the sonde in the additional solution to complete the 3 point procedure For all turbidity calibration procedures be certain that the standard and sensor are thermally equilibrated prior to proceeding with the calibration For further information related to setting up calibrating and
113. 00 17 Logging setup Interva1 U EC Ee Use site list MStore Barometer Store Lat and Long 07 12 2001 08 59 41 BC Eit Once the sample interval is set correctly in the 650 Logging setup menu the user simply highlights the Sonde run selection in the 650 Main menu and presses Enter to begin data display 650 Main Menu Sonde menu File Logging setup System setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 02 2000 08 00 15 EEN i Run aa ane canile Lag one sample Amet ae ooy ina 07 12 2001 moy 10 05 390 200 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 07 12 2001 09 10 21 H Tia The user places the sonde in the water and then highlights the Start logging selection in the 650 logging window upper left and presses Enter The user is then prompted to enter a Filename and Site description for the study as shown below Enter info Filename then chose 0K OK Site description Enter info Filename then OK Site description chose OR tEnter info Filename then chose 0K OK Site description Configure N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 9mmig 06 07 2000 15 32 54 Amm i EDIT Enter info Filename WEST then chose OK OK Site description
114. 06 22 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 06 27 1993 06 28 1993 DateTime M D Y For Help press F1 NUM Some daily variations may be noticed in parameters such as dissolved oxygen pH and temperature in this particular study This is fairly typical in many natural bodies of water Note also that conductivity is low at both ends of the graph You may notice similar perturbations in some of the other readings as well In this example the sonde was not in the water for a short time at the beginning and end of the study Not only can you see exactly when the sonde went in and out of the water but the bottom graph shows the depth at which the sonde was deployed Notice also that you now see a new set of menu items in the top line Some of these functions are specifically related to viewing and manipulating data Next we will examine some of the viewing options VIEWING DATA To look at some of the viewing options click on View Figure 42 Note that the Toolbar and Status Bar are turned on check mark In addition the 4 Digit Year expression is checked Also note that a check mark is just left of the Graph choice When a check is next to Graph all data are expressed graphically in the opening window To show data in both graphical and data table format highlight the Table menu item then click or press Enter The graphical portion of the window becomes compressed and the data table becomes visible If you then click on View again both the Graph
115. 2 10 2 PROBE CARE AND MAINTENANCE Once the probes have been properly installed remember that periodic cleaning and DO membrane changes are required 6562 DO PROBES For best results we recommend that the KCl solution and the Teflon membrane at the tip of the 6562 probe be changed prior to each sonde deployment and at least once every 30 days during the use of the sonde in sampling studies In addition the KCI solution and membrane should be changed if a bubbles are visible under the membrane b significant deposits of dried electrolyte are visible on the membrane or the O ring and c if the probe shows unstable readings or other probe related symptoms See Section 2 3 for instructions on changing the DO membrane After removing the used membrane from the tip of the 6562 probe examine the electrodes at the tip of the probe If either or both of the silver electrodes are black in color the probe should be resurfaced using the fine sanding disks which are provided in the 6035 reconditioning kit To resurface the probe using the fine sanding disk follow the instructions below First dry the probe tip completely with lens cleaning tissue Next hold the probe in a vertical position place one of the sanding disks under your thumb and stroke the probe face in a direction parallel to the gold electrode located between the two silver electrodes The motion is similar to that used in striking amatch Usually 10 15 strokes of the sanding di
116. 30 rhodamine WT sensors will automatically wipe each time this many SDI12 M commands have been issued If this value is set to zero then no automatic wiping will occur This item will only appear if a turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Turb temp co C 0 3 This entry sets the coefficient for the temperature compensation of turbidity readings from the 6026 and 6136 sensors The default values of 0 3 6026 and 0 6 6136 should not be changed by the user without consulting YSI Customer Service This item will only appear if a turbidity sensor is enabled in the Sensor menu Turb Spike Filter When this item is activated the output of the turbidity sensor is mathematically processed to minimize the effect of unusual or bad readings on the overall data presentation In most cases these spike events are the result of the chance passage of large suspended particles across the probe optics just at the time a reading is taken Activation of this option generally results in a better display of the average turbidity of the water under examination and its use is recommended for most sampling and unattended applications This item will only appear if a turbidity sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Chl temp co C 0 0 This entry sets the coefficient for the temperature compensation of chlorophyll readings from the 6025 sensor The default value of zero should only be changed by the user
117. 4 hour clock format for entering time Option 4 4 digit year may be chosen to have the date appear with a two or four digit year Press 0 or Esc to return the System Setup menu Select 2 Comm setup From the System Setup menu setup Auto baud 5 2400 300 baud 6 4800 600 baud 7 9600 1200 baud Select option 0 for previous The default is 9600 but you may change it to match your host communication interface protocol by typing in the corresponding number 1 through 7 An asterisk confirms the selection Auto baud may be selected along YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 81 Sondes Section 2 with any of the choices The Auto baud option allows the sonde to recognize and adjust to the received characters and we recommend that it is activated NOTE If you change the baud rate exit the sonde interaction and immediately change the baud rate in EcoWatch for Windows Comm Settings If you do not adjust the baud rate in the PC software the sonde will not be able to communicate with the computer or any display logger and your system will appear to be locked up Select 3 Page length from the System Setup menu and press Enter This will allow you to control how many lines of data are sent to your display before a new header is shown The smaller the page number the fewer the lines of data will be transmitted to your display between headers However if you set the page length to zero 0 only the initial
118. 5 of the reading or 2 NTU whichever is greater However a user might wish to carry out a 3 point calibration at values of approximately 0 100 and 1000 NTU to provide maximum accuracy over the entire normally encountered environmental turbidity range 0 1000 NTU Ifthe range of turbidity in the environmental sample is well known standards of other turbidity values can be utilized in either 3 point or 2 point routines However in all calibration procedures one of the standards must be 0 NTU and this should be the first calibration point NOTE Before calibrating your 6026 or 6136 turbidity sensor pay particular attention to the following cautions e For all calibration procedures you MUST use standards that are based on either formazin or AMCO AEPA styrene divinylbenzene beads as described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater and have been prepared either by Hach formazin based or AMCO AEPA based standards prepared by YSI or an approved YSI vendor listed on the YSI website www ysi com THE USE OF STANDARDS FROM OTHER VENDORS AND OR THOSE PREPARDED FROM MATERIALS OTHER THAN FORMAZIN OR AMCO AEPA POLYMER BEADS WILL RESULT IN BOTH CALIBRATION ERRORS AND INACCURATE FIELD READINGS YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 15 Principles of Operation Section 5 e For AMCO AEPA standards the value entered by the user during the calibration protocol is DIFFERENT depending on which sensor 6026
119. 50 highlight the Clean Optics entry in the upper right logging box and press Enter to activate the wiper If the sonde is connected to a computer sequential lines of data are present on the screen press the 3 key to activate the wiper What precautions should I take when using the sonde turbidity system with a 650 MDS display logger in sampling applications where the user is present Prior to observing or logging turbidity readings you should always activate the wiper manually for the 650 keypad to remove bubbles and or fouling The use of the wiper results in a relatively large surge of current that will reduce the battery life of the 650 to a degree that depends on the number of wipes utilized What are the things most likely to give me problems when measuring turbidity with the YSI 6820 6920 6600 or 600 OMS The turbidity system has been designed to be easy to calibrate easy to use in both sampling and deployment applications and trouble free in normal usage However during our empirical testing we have observed occasional problems in calibration and in field applications These difficulties are likely to be experienced only infrequently by users In fact most of these problems are not due to any malfunction in the turbidity system itself but instead occur because of contaminated calibration solutions or the presence of bubbles on the optics of the probe However we have gained experience in separating problems which can be
120. 578 E PAR2 gain 0 31578 Select option 0 for previous menu For additional information about modification of you 6600 to include a PAR sensor configuration contact YSI Massachusetts 1 800 363 3269 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual K 3 PAR Sensor Appendix K YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual K 4 Protective Zinc Anode Appendix L APPENDIX L PROTECTIVE ZINC ANODE Shipbuilders have used the concept of the sacrificial anode for decades to minimize corrosion damage to all metallic parts of ships Elemental zinc is commonly used as the sacrificial anode because it is more easily oxidized than most other metals Thus a replaceable block of zinc is installed in electrical contact to other metals on the ship which are susceptible to salt water corrosion and the zinc is preferentially oxidized or corroded preventing damage to the ship hull and other metal components The concept of the sacrificial anode can also be utilized for 6 series sondes which are deployed in corrosive media particularly seawater or brackish estuarine water In this case the zinc anode is used to prevent corrosion of the stainless steel connector found on the top of most 6 series sondes The instructions below outline the installation procedures for the zinc anode offered by YSI as Model 6182 Kit The anode enclosed in the kit is divided into two C shaped sections as shown in Figure 1 below
121. 6 Sondes Section 2 Select 3 Sensor from the Advanced menu and make certain that the entries are identical to those shown below 1 TDS constant 0 65 2 Latitude 40 3 Altitude Ft 0 4 Fixed probe 5 Moving probe 6 DO temp co C 1 1 7 DO warm up sec 40 8 Wait for DO 9 Wipes 1 A Wipe int 1 B SDI12 M wipe 1 C Turb temp co C 0 3 D Turb spike filter E Chl temp co C 0 F Chl spike filter Select option 0 for previous menu If you have a depth sensor installed you can maintain the default settings of 40 and 0 for 2 Latitude and 3 Altitude respectively without affecting your ability to learn the basic calibration and operation of the sonde However if you know the appropriate values for your location change them When this setup is verified press Esc or 0 to return to the Advanced menu For more information see Section 2 9 8 Advanced The display under 3 Sensor may be different from the one shown in the example above depending on the sensors that are installed in your unit For example if you do not have a chlorophyll probe the last two entries which are relevant only to chlorophyll will not appear When this setup is verified press Esc or 0 to return to the Advanced menu For a detailed explanation of the choices in the Advanced menu see Section 2 9 8 Advanced Press Esc or 0 to back up to the Main menu 2 Calibrate 3 File 7 Sensor 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option 0 for previous menu
122. 600 and 6920 systems the recommended long term storage protocol is identical Remove the probe from the sonde and seal the vacant port with the provided plug Place the probe in the storage vessel plastic boot or bottle which was in place on delivery The vessel should contain a solution which is 2 molar in potassium chloride Make certain that the vessel is sealed to prevent evaporation of the storage solution AMMONIUM NITRATE AND CHLORIDE The active element in the ammonium and nitrate ion selective electrode ISE sensors is a polyvinyl chloride PVC membrane that is impregnated with the reagent that provides specificity for either ammonium or nitrate The useful life of this sensor can be reduced if the membrane is stored immersed in water Thus storage in dry air is recommended for long term storage While dry air is slightly preferable for general storage the short term storage of these sensors in the sonde with the entire sensor array in moist air will have no significant detrimental effect on the life of the membrane Remove the sensor module 6820 6600 6920 or the probe from the sonde and cover the vacant port with the provided plug Place the sensor back in the storage boot that was provided and set aside in room air The chloride ISE sensor utilizes a solid state membrane that provides specificity For long term storage the module should be removed from the sonde wiped clean with moist lens cleaning tissue and placed in its
123. 650 menu Make certain that a the cable is connected properly between sonde and 650 and b that Sonde power is activated in the 650 System setup menu Instrument software appears to be locked up as evidenced by no response to keypad entries or display not changing First attempt to reset the instrument by simply turning off and then on again If this fails remove battery power from the instrument for 30 seconds and then reapply power When using C cells remove the battery lid and one of the batteries when using the rechargeable battery pack remove the pack completely from the instrument After 30 seconds replace the battery or battery pack and check for instrument function Upload of files to 650 from sonde fails 1 Make sure that cable is connected properly to both 650 and sonde 2 Make certain that you are accessing the upload routine from the sonde File menu and NOT from the 650 File menu Upload of files from 650 to PC fails 1 Make sure that cable is connected properly to both 650 and PC 2 Make certain that the proper Comm port is selected in EcoWatch for Windows GPS and or barometer data is not stored with sonde data file Make sure Store barometer and Store Lat and Long are active in 650 Logging setup menu Site Designations in the Site List are grayed out and not available for appending files with additional data A Parameter Mismatch screen is displayed There is a parame
124. 7 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 E 1 F 1 G 1 H 1 I 1 J 1 Introduction Section 1 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 ABOUT YSI INCORPORATED From a three man partnership in the basement of the Antioch College science building in 1948 YSI has grown into a commercial enterprise designing and manufacturing precision measurement sensors and control instruments for users around the world Although our range of products is broad we focus on four major markets water testing and monitoring health care bioprocessing and OEM temperature measurement In the 1950s Hardy Trolander and David Case made the first practical electronic thermometer using a thermistor This equipment was developed to supply Dr Leland Clark with a highly sensitive and precise temperature sensor for the original heart lung machine The collaboration with Dr Clark has been critical to the success of the company In the 1960s YSI refined a Clark invention the membrane covered polarographic electrode and commercialized oxygen sensors and meters which revolutionized the way dissolved oxygen was measured in wastewater treatment plants and environmental water Today geologists biologists environmental enforcement personnel officials of water utilities and fish farmers recognize us as the leader in dissolved oxygen measurement In the 1970s YSI again worked with Clark to commercialize one of his many inventions the enzyme membrane This development resulted in the first practical use of a b
125. 7 10 04 48 21 58 0 009 O 00 to O 502 7 55 05 05 97 10 04 52 21 58 0 009 0 00 540 O 302 7 55 05 05 97 10 04 56 21 58 0 009 0 00 SRI 0 HOS 7 5 05 05 97 10 05 00 21 58 0 009 0 00 42 O3 508 7 55 1 LOG last sample 2 LOG ON OFF 3 Clean optics 05 05 97 10 05 04 21 58 0 009 0 00 8 44 O S504 7 55 Sample logged 05 05 97 10 05 08 21 58 0 009 OMO Sia Sa Ores 0 5 ae SS The following prompt will appear just below the screen header 1 LOG last sample 2 LOG ON OFF 3 Clean optics e By entering 1 LOG last sample A single line of data can be logged to sonde memory and the following message will be displayed Sample logged e By entering 2 LOG ON OFF a set of data can be logged to memory and the following message will be displayed LOG is ON hit 2 to turn it OFF 3 Clean optics Press 2 again to terminate logging e By entering 3 Clean optics if your unit has an optical turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT probe the wiper will clean the optical surface The 3 Clean optics portion of the prompt will only appear if an optical probe was installed and enabled Select Ese or press 0 and return to the Discrete Sampling menu From the Discrete Sampling menu select 2 Sample Interval to type a number that represents the number of seconds between samples The maximum sample interval is 32767 seconds 9 hours The factory default sample interval is 4 seconds and works best for most discrete sampling applications The short
126. A FIRST AID INHALATION Remove victim from exposure area Keep victim warm and at rest In severe cases seek medical attention SKIN CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing immediately Wash affected area thoroughly with large amounts of water In severe cases seek medical attention EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water approx 10 minutes Seek medical attention immediately INGESTION Wash out mouth thoroughly with large quantities of water Do not induce vomiting Seek medical attention immediately YSI pH 4 00 7 00 and 10 00 Buffer Solutions 3821 3822 3823 pH 4 INGREDIENTS Q Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate Q Formaldehyde Q Water pH 7 INGREDIENTS Q Sodium Phosphate Dibasic Q Potassium Phosphate Monobasic Q Water pH 10 INGREDIENTS Potassium Borate Tetra Potassium Carbonate Potassium Hydroxide Sodium di Ethylenediamine Tetraacetate Water DODO CAUTION AVOID INHALATION SKIN CONTACT EYE CONTACT OR INGESTION MAY AFFECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES Inhalation may cause severe irritation and be harmful Skin contact may cause irritation prolonged or repeated exposure may cause Dermatitis Eye contact may cause irritation or conjunctivitis Ingestion may cause nausea vomiting and diarrhea YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 2 Health and Safety Appendix A FIRST AID INHALATION Remove victim from exposure area to fresh air immediately
127. ATION RECHARGEABLE BATTERY PACK The YSI 6113 rechargeable battery pack is self contained and is easily installed according to the instructions and diagrams below e Using a Phillips or slotted screwdriver loosen the 4 captive screws on the battery lid and then remove the battery lid ae completely e Put the battery lid in a safe place so that it will be available for future use of C cells e Make certain that the gasket is properly installed on the rechargeable battery before installation 4 Screws YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 8 650 MDS Section 3 e Insert the rechargeable battery pack assembly into the battery compartment of the 650 e Tighten the 4 captive screws securely and evenly using a Phillips or slotted screwdriver Do not overtighten 3 2 5 3 BATTERY CHARGING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY PACK The 6117 rechargeable battery pack is charged via the MS 8 connector on the bottom of the instrument and thus the pack must be installed in the 650 for charging To perform the charging operation the user will need to locate the proper power supply 6114 for US Canada Japan or 6123 with proper power cord for all other countries and the 6116 charger adapter cable which were supplied with your rechargeable battery pack 6113 for US Canada 6126 for Europe 6127 for China Australia As shown in Figure 4 above first attach the charger adapter cable to the 650 then insert the barrel conn
128. Appendix D Table 3 Conversion Factors for Feet Meters Celsius Fahrenheit mg L ppm TO CONVERT FROM EQUATION Feet Multiply by 0 305 Meters Multiply by 3 28 Degrees Celsius Degrees Fahrenheit 5 9x F 32 Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Celsius 9 5xCC 32 Milligrams per liter mg L Parts per million ppm Multiply by 1 Table 4 Conversion Factors for Common Units of Pressure i kilo Pascals mmHg millibars inches H 0__ Ps1 inches Hg YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual D 4 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E APPENDIX E TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS This appendix is comprised of two sections both in the format of frequently asked questions The first is designed to explain the differences between the two turbidity sensors offered by YSI for use in 6 series sondes and to aid the user in selecting the best probe for a particular application The second deals with optimizing performance and trouble shooting problems for both turbidity systems by supplementing the discussion of turbidity that is provided in the other sections of this manual Getting Started Basic Operation Principles of Operation and Maintenance CHOOSING A YSI TURBIDITY SENSOR As noted above in Section 5 Principles of Operation YSI has begun to offer a new turbidity sensor the Model 6136 as a supplement to its existing Model 6026 sensor that has been in production since 1995 The following section is designed to an
129. B Limits for radio frequency emissions specified in EN55011 CISPR11 for Industrial Scientific and Medical laboratory equipment These ferrite assemblies are supplied as part of cable kits To install the beads follow these steps e Make a small loop approximately 5 cm in diameter in the cable near the 650 MS 8 connector e Lay the open ferrite bead assembly under the loop with the cable cross over position within the cylinder of the ferrite bead See the drawing below for assistance e Snap the two pieces of the bead together making certain that the tabs lock securely When the installation is complete the 655174 and 6116 cables should resemble the following schematic drawings YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 57 650 MDS Section 3 3 13 650 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS Z IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS A SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS An essence the most important safety rule for use of the 650 is to utilize the instrument ONLY for purposes documented in this manual This is particularly true of the 6117 rechargeable battery pack that contains nickel metal hydride NiMH batteries The 650 user should be certain to read all of the safety precautions outlined below before using the instrument A o113 Rechargeable Battery Pack Safety Information A Restrictions on Usage 1 Never dispose of the battery pack in a fire 2 Do not attempt to disassemble the 6117 battery pack 3 Do not tamper wit
130. C 19 85 32 05 25 67 2 459 Sp Cond mS cm 0 01 1 02 0 86 0 057 DO Conc mg L 0 16 15 14 3 07 3 286 pH 6 79 if 4 27 0 127 Depth ft Oss 2840 23200 0 236 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 23 EcoWatch for Windows Shortcuts Toolbar STUDY INFO Section 4 This command will display a dialog box describing the study It will show the sonde type and serial number that was used to collect the data the parameters available the logging interval and the beginning and ending times of the sample Model 6000 UPG1 ID lt None gt Revision 2 00 Parameters Shortcuts Toolbar Li ZOOM IN Study Info Sample Logging Total samples 4315 First sample 06708794 15 52 50 Last sample 07723794 14 22 50 Site Name fiones2 Rae fi5Mins Duration 44 Days 22 Hrs 30 Mins Enlarges graph or data table whichever is currently active by 20 Shortcuts Toolbar ZOOM OUT Reduces graph or data table whichever is currently active by 20 If the graph already extends to both ends of the Study Limits then it is not possible to zoom out any farther and this command will be dimmed Shortcuts Toolbar YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 24 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 UNZOOM Displays the graph all the way to both ends of the Study Limit if a graph is selected Displays the d
131. CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing immediately Wash affected area with soap or mild detergent and large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes Seek medical attention immediately EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes occasionally lifting upper and lower lids Seek medical attention immediately INGESTION If victim is conscious immediately give 2 to 4 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching finger to back of throat Seek medical attention immediately YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 3 Health and Safety Appendix A YSI Ammonium Standard Solutions 3841 3842 and 3843 INGREDIENTS OY Ammonium Chloride QO Lithium Acetate Dihydrate Q Sodium Azide trace Q Hydrochloric acid CAUTION AVOID INHALATION SKIN CONTACT EYE CONTACT OR INGESTION MAY AFFECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES May be harmful by ingestion or skin absorption May cause eye and skin irritation The chemical physical and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated Ingestion of large quantities of lithium salts can affect the central nervous system producing symptoms ranging from dizziness to collapse It may also cause kidney damage nausea and anorexia Note that the ingestion of harmful quantities form the solutions is considered unlikely given the low concentration of lithium and the volumes likely to be handled FIRST AID INHALATION
132. D BY THIS WARRANTY YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 8 1 Warranty and Service Information Section 8 8 2 AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTERS INTERNATIONAL YSI Incorporated Repair Center 1725 Brannum Lane e Yellow Springs Ohio 45387 e Phone 937 767 7241 E Mail info ysi com Hydrodata Services UK Ltd e Unit 8 e Business Centre West e Avenue One Letchworth e Herts SG6 2HB e UK e Phone 44 1462 673581 e Fax 44 1462 673582 E mail service hydrodata co uk YSI Nanotech e Kaizuka 1 15 4 Kawasaki Ku Kawaskaki City Japan e 210 0014 e Ph 011 814 4222 0009 e Fax 011 81 44 221102 E mail Nanotech ysi com Hoskin Scientific e 4210 Morris Drive Burlington ONT L7L 5L6 Canada e Ph 905 333 5510 e Fax 905 333 4976 UNITED STATES SERVICE CENTERS OHIO YSI Incorporated Repair Center e 1725 Brannum Lane e Yellow Springs Ohio 45387 e Phone 800 765 4974 e 937 767 7241 E Mail info ysi com CALIFORNIA EQUIPCO Sales and Service 1110 Burnett Avenue Suite D e Concord CA 94520 e Phone 800 550 5875 e Fax 510 674 8655 8 3 CLEANING INSTRUCTIONS NOTE Before they can be serviced equipment exposed to biological radioactive or toxic materials must be cleaned and disinfected Biological contamination is presumed for any instrument probe or other device that has been used with body fluids or tissues or with wastewater Radioactive contamination is presum
133. DS Section 3 Once these conditions are met follow the instructions in Section 3 5 3 above for logging of sonde sensor readings to 650 memory The GPS readings will automatically be added to the file at the sample interval selected for the sonde readings GPS readings stored in 650 memory will remain as part of the sensor data file that can be viewed from the 650 display and or uploaded with the data file for analysis in EcoWatch for Windows Latitude and longitude are however displayed somewhat differently by the 650 and EcoWatch as noted below e For both display formats the GPS are indexed relative to the point where the Greenwich Mean Time line crosses the equator e For the 650 Status Bar readings are displayed in degrees and then decimal minutes relative to this point with actual N north S south E east and W west designations relative to the index point e When analyzing data in EcoWatch the user will have the choice of two formats decimal degrees e g 47 5400 degrees or degrees decimal minutes e g 47 32 400 For EcoWatch alpha directional characters N S E and W are NOT used Instead points north and east of the index point are designated as positive while points south and west are designated as negative These criteria mean that the GPS coordinates of Yellow Springs Ohio USA are approximately 39 47 33 latitude and 83 54 13 longitude as read in
134. Default Sonde Port This refers to the COM port you will most commonly use to connect to your sonde If you select a port here EcoWatch will automatically use this port as the default COM port when you use the Sonde command The Apply button in the bottom of this dialog box is not used in EcoWatch SONDE This command opens a terminal window for communicating with a sonde From the terminal window you can communicate to a sonde using the sonde menus Unless you have chosen a default sonde port in the YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 28 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Communications Settings dialog box the following dialog box will appear asking you which COM port to use Select COM Port Shortcuts Toolbar TERMINAL Opens a new terminal window for communicating with any compatible RS 232 devices FONT COLOR Adjust font color size and style for any text that appears in the terminal window BACKGROUND COLOR Adjust the background color of the terminal window CAPTURE Turns COM port capture On or Off This is typically used while communicating with a sonde that is taking measurements Capture will send all communications received on the COM port to a file After selecting the command a dialog box will appear for selecting the name of the file to use If Use default capture file was checked in Communications Settings EcoWatch will not display this dialog YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitor
135. ECT FIELD READINGS e For AMCO AEPA standards the value entered by the user during the calibration protocol is DIFFERENT depending on which sensor 6026 or 6136 is being calibrated This reflects the empirically determined fact that 6026 and 6136 sensors that have been calibrated to the same value in the primary standard formazin YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 70 Sondes Section 2 will have different responses in suspensions of the AEPA AMCO beads This effect is likely due to the larger optical cell volume of the 6136 Thus for example the label of the YSI 6073 turbidity standard bottle indicates that the value of the standard is 100 NTU when used for calibration of the 6026 sensor but 123 NTU when used to calibrate the 6136 Note that the phenomenon of a sensor specific formazin AEPA AMCO ratio is well known for sensors other than the 6026 and 6136 e The details below are relevant to the calibration of both turbidity sensors offered by YSI 6026 and 6136 However to calibrate a 6136 sensor you should have Version 2 16 or later installed in your sonde e Ifyou are calibrating a 6136 turbidity sensor you MUST use either a black bottomed calibration cup arrangement or laboratory glassware with the probe guard installed for the calibration See section 2 6 1 above for details Failure to carry out the calibration properly can result in inaccurate readings particularly water of very low turbidity e
136. ELD READINGS e For AMCO AEPA standards the value entered by the user during the calibration protocol is DIFFERENT depending on which sensor 6026 or 6136 is being calibrated This reflects the empirically determined fact that 6026 and 6136 sensors that have been calibrated to the same value in the primary standard formazin will have different responses in suspensions of the AEPA AMCO beads This effect is likely due to the larger optical cell volume of the 6136 Thus for example the label of the YSI 6073 turbidity standard bottle indicates that the value of the standard is 100 NTU when used for calibration of the 6026 sensor but 123 NTU when used to calibrate the 6136 Note that the phenomenon of a sensor specific formazin AEPA AMCO ratio is well known for sensors other than the 6026 and 6136 e The details below are relevant to the calibration of both turbidity sensors offered by YSI 6026 and 6136 However to calibrate a 6136 sensor you should have Version 2 16 or later installed in your sonde e Ifyou are calibrating a 6136 turbidity sensor you MUST use either a modified calibration cup arrangement or laboratory glassware with the probe guard installed for the calibration See section 2 6 1 above for details Failure to carry out the calibration properly can result in inaccurate readings particularly water of very low turbidity e Before proceeding with the calibration be certain that the probe compartment of the sonde has bee
137. EcoWatch but N 39 47 33 W 83 54 13 as displayed by the 650 3 9 USING THE 650 BAROMETER 3 9 1 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION The optional barometer operates on the strain gauge principle and is located on the internal PCB of the 650 To make certain that the barometer is sensing true atmospheric pressure under conditions of temperature and pressure changes the interior of the case is vented to the atmosphere with patches of material which are permeable to air but impermeable to water One of these patches is located in the rear section of the case and the other is attached to the battery lid The patch on the case rear is not accessible to the user but the one on the battery lid can be damaged by abuse Be certain to identify the location of the patch on the interior of the battery lid and take care not to puncture it with sharp objects or to peel it away from the plastic If you suspect that the venting patch on your battery lid has been damaged make certain that you do not expose the 650 to water either spraying or submersion Then contact YSI Customer Service as soon as possible for advice The 650 barometer reads true barometric pressure and therefore is unlikely to agree with values from your local weather service which are usually corrected to sea level before being distributed Note however that the primary purpose of the barometer is for use in calibrating your sonde dissolved oxygen sensor and the true value as shown in th
138. Enter to confirm your choice See the example in Section 3 4 2 above 3 4 3 7 VIEWING DATA STORED IN THE SONDE Utilize the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the File menu of the sonde Highlight the View file selection and press Enter Select the file that you want to view Choose Proceed and press Enter to view the entire file or select the portion of the data that you want to view and then select Proceed and press Enter to confirm your selection After data has appeared on the screen use the arrow keys to select the particular sensor data that you wish to view IMPORTANT The sonde Quick view file which is designed to show the last page of data of the last logged file when the sonde is interfaced to a PC is slightly different for the sonde 650 interface Making this selection will indeed show data from the last logged file but all data not just the last page will be displayed It is still possible however to quickly view the last few logged data points which may be important in checking a sonde s current performance in the field To rapidly move to the end of the file in either View file or Quick view file press and HOLD the down arrow to accelerate the transition to the final data points Then use the arrow keys to view the data of interest 3 4 3 8 CONFIGURING AND SETTING THE SONDE CLOCK Utilize the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the System menu of the sonde Highlight the Date amp Time selection and press Enter Use the
139. File Filename Samples Bytes Directory PROFILE dat 179 9047 Upload ta PC DEPLOY1 dat 8 668 View file Bytes sent File memory 2827 Delete all files 30 N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 738 9mmHg N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 onmlg N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 aaa 07 12 200107 23 28 7 12 200107 16 17 QM 07 12 2001 07 32 18 _ Note that there are three file types with different extensions in the above directory 1 Files with dat extensions which are data files logged to either sonde memory of 650 memory and which are in YSI PC6000 format 2 Files with a txt extension which are data files logged to sonde memory and then transferred to 650 memory in either ASCII or CDF format and 3 Files with a glp extension which are calibration records of either the sonde sensors or the 650 barometer For files with a dat or txt extension transfer to a PC using the Upload to PC command will proceed automatically and retain the file type that is present in 650 memory For files with a glp extension an additional screen will appear on activating the transfer that gives a choice of binary CDF or ASCII for moving the file to the computer You currently MUST use either the CDF or ASCII format for transfer so that the glp file can be viewed in NotePad or other word processing program The binary transfer option is for future YSI upgrades After transfer the file will b
140. Filter Off Chlorophyll Time Constant 12 Chlorophyll Threshold 1 The advantage of the filter is a more stable display of chlorophyll readings 5 14 RHODAMINE WT INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Rhodamine WT is a red dye that is commonly used in stream flow studies The amount of the species at various points horizontal and vertical in the water under examination is determined by utilizing the fact that rhodamine WT fluoresces when irradiated with the proper wavelength of light and thus the YSI 6130 thodamine WT sensor works on the same principles as described above for the 6025 chlorophyll sensor As for chlorophyll rhodamine WT fluoresces that is when irradiated with light of a particular wavelength it emits light of a higher wavelength or lower energy The ability of rhodamine WT to fluoresce is the basis for all commercial fluorometers capable of measuring the analyte in situ Fluorometers of this type have been in use for some time These instruments induce rhodamine WT to fluoresce by shining a beam of light of the proper wavelength into the sample and then measuring the higher wavelength light which is emitted as a result of the fluorescence process Most rhodamine systems use a light emitting diode LED as the source of the irradiating light that has a peak wavelength of approximately 540 nm LEDs with this specification produce radiation in the visible region of the spectrum with the light appearing green to the ey
141. For example n for a concrete channel can vary from 0 011 to 0 020 depending upon how the surface of the concrete was finished during construction Occasional debris or YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 29 Principles of Operation Section 5 vegetation in the channel also affects the value of n and in most applications the value changes depending upon the depth of water in the channel Other uncertainties can also make the measurement inaccurate Best results are obtained at the end of a straight channel 1000 feet 300 meters long However in reality it is difficult to find channels that are very long and very straight and with constant slope and with uniform roughness Even with all these uncertainties the Manning equation can yield useful results as long as the user is aware of its limitations EQUATION The YSI sondes that are equipped with shallow vented level can also calculate flow based on an equation The equation must be of the form Q K H K H This allows the use of primary measuring devices other than the standard ones already programmed Users may enter values for K1 P1 K2 and P2 and the sonde will calculate flow Note if you do not need the second term in the equation simply enter 0 for K2 TABLE YSI sondes that are equipped with shallow vented level can also calculate flow based on a table Users can enter up to 50 pairs of level flow data The sonde will then calculate flo
142. However the other side of the transducer is vented to the atmosphere In this case the transducer measures only the pressure exerted by the water column Atmospheric pressure is ignored and changes in atmospheric pressure do not affect the reading at all The voltage output of the transducer is directly proportional to the pressure The sonde software converts this voltage to a depth reading in feet or meters via calibration parameters that are factory installed Readings are automatically compensated for the temperature and for the density of the environmental medium that is estimated from the measured salinity For more additional information on measuring level see Appendix G Using Vented Level YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 5 Principles of Operation Section 5 CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The depth sensor must be zeroed prior to deployment to account for atmospheric pressure Level sensors may also require a small adjustment prior to their first use This procedure is carried out by following the calibration menu instructions with the sonde in air only do not submerge The sensors can also be set to any known depth via the calibration routine after they are immersed The temperature dependence of the sensor is automatically taken into account by the sonde software based on input from factory calibration MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 Be certain that the sonde is not immersed in wate
143. M DD V 5 Print Your Graph To print the graph open the File menu choose Print Setup or Print to choose exactly how the print should look YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 6 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 2 DATA ACQUISTION AND ANALYSIS 4 2 1 CONNECT A YSI SONDE OR A 650 DISPLAY LOGGER EcoWatch may be used with various sondes or display loggers To utilize the configuration that will work best for your application make sure that you have all of the components that are necessary Sonde to Lab Computer DB 9 Power Supply 0 6037 220 VAC 6038 110 VAC NEES You will need L Sonde L Field Cable Sonde s Q Computer with Com Port Q 6095B MS 8 DB 9 Adapter LI Power Supply Not required if you use sonde battery power 650 MDS to Lab Computer You will need 650 655174 PC Interface e 650 e YSI655174 PC interface cable e PC with active serial nart PC Serial port ___ gt DE 9 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 7 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 A sonde or 650 display logger must be connected to one of the serial communication ports on the back of your PC These ports are usually referred to as COM1 COM2 etc Most computers have at least two COM ports but they are often not labeled To identify a COM port look for unused 9 o
144. MUST be made from the File menu of the sonde not the File menu of the 650 650 Main Menu _ Mai n File Sonde run Run Directory Calibrate Upload File Logging setup Status View file System setup System Quick view file Report Delete all files Sensor ee N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 6mmig 000 E 0 0 000 739 1mmh 0 000 E 0 0 000 733 4mmhg 06 01 2000 17 06 37 a F De702 2000 11 45 17 a Sem bsyozy 2000 114631 A a Select the Upload or Quick upload last file and press Enter Then follow the instructions including selection of file format YSI recommends the PC6000 format Press Enter and the display will indicate that upload of data from sonde to 650 is in progress as shown below When the upload is complete the display will return to the Sonde File menu File type File Directory Comma amp Delimited Upload ASCII Text Bytes received 1235 View file Quick view file Delete all files e 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 3mmhg 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 2mmhg or 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 1mmHg Bii 07 12 2001 07 39 40 Hm el 07712 2001 07 20 09 07 12 2001 07 25 59 Amma After the sonde file has been uploaded to the 650 the data is resident in the flash memory of both sonde and 650 Note that if you choose to upload files from the sonde in CDF or ASCII format the files will
145. N DATA An example filename is 1097CM01 DAT NOTE In the instructions below that refer to clicking the mouse button we always refer to the left mouse button unless otherwise specified OPENING A DATA FILE If EcoWatch is not running open the program by double clicking on the EcoWatch icon Click on File to view a drop down menu similar to the one shown in Figure 41 From this menu click on Open then locate the drive and directory where SAMPLE DAT or your file of interest resides Alternatively if you have been using EcoWatch during setup and checkout you may be able to click on the file of your choice in the most recently opened files Once the SAMPLE DAT file is open you should see a plot Figure 41 which graphically represents seven days of sonde data for six different water quality parameters plotted as a function of date and time Each set of data is autoscaled to allow you to see the minimum and maximum values for each parameter during the one week study YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 48 Sondes Section 2 Figure 41 Opening a File S EcoWatch EM View Comm Realtime 6200 Appl Help Open Hs Import 1SAMPLE DAT 21097CM01 DAT 31097CM00 DAT SB EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT MEE 41097C100 DAT Eile Edit View Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help 16 on BERM CHNeKeEeRNA SAMPLE DAT x peg aTi ama aan ania nann 06 21 1993
146. N RESULT IN LEAKAGE OF BATTERY FLUID HEAT GENERATION BURSTING AND SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY 1 Never dispose of the battery pack in a fire or heat it 2 Never allow the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack to become shorted or connected with electrically conductive materials When the battery pack has been removed from the 650 store it in a heavy plastic bag to prevent accidental shorting of the terminals 3 Never disassemble the battery pack and do not tamper with any of the electronic components or the batteries within the battery pack The battery pack is equipped with a variety of safety features Accidental deactivation of any of these safety features can cause a serious hazard to the user 4 The NiMH batteries in the battery pack contain a strong alkaline solution electrolyte The alkaline solution is extremely corrosive and will cause damage to skin or other tissues If any fluid from the battery pack comes in contact with a user s eyes immediately flush with clean water and consult a physician immediately The alkaline solution can damage eyes and lead to permanent loss of eyesight Warning Notifications Misuse creates a possibility of death or serious injury 1 Do not allow the battery pack to contact freshwater seawater or other oxidizing reagents that might cause rust and result in heat generation If a battery becomes rusted the gas release vent may no longer operate and this failure can result in bur
147. NCE As noted above oxygen readings acquired using the Rapid Pulse technology are much less affected by sample flow than steady state probes However there is a finite stirring dependence exhibited by the Rapid Pulse system if measurements are taken when the probe is being pulsed continuously Our tests indicate that under these sampling conditions observed dissolved oxygen readings can be 2 3 percent lower than the true readings in very still water Minimal movement of the water which occurs during most environmental measurements removes this effect This small flow dependence of the sensor is greatly reduced in longer term monitoring deployments where the sampling interval is longer e g 15 minutes Under these conditions the sensor is pulsed for only approximately 40 seconds every 15 minutes and normal diffusion of oxygen in the medium re establishes the oxygen which has been depleted in the previous warm up read sequence MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 If water saturated air is used as the calibrating medium make certain that both the DO reading and the temperature have stabilized 10 15 minutes before starting the calibration sequence A wet thermistor can indicate artificially low temperature readings due to evaporation and this situation will result in poor temperature compensation and inaccurate readings YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 8 Principles of Operation Section 5 2 Ensure that
148. OF TEMPERATURE The conductivity of solutions of ionic species is highly dependent on temperature varying as much as 3 for each change of one degree Celsius temperature coefficient 3 C In addition the temperature coefficient itself varies with the nature of the ionic species present Because the exact composition of a natural media is usually not known it is best to report a conductivity at a particular temperature e g 20 2 mS cm at 14 C However in many cases it is also useful to compensate for the temperature dependence in order to determine at a glance if gross changes are occurring in the ionic content of the medium over time For this reason the sonde software also allows the user to output conductivity data in either raw or temperature compensated form If Conductivity is selected values of conductivity that are NOT compensated for temperature are output to the report If Specific Conductance is selected the sonde uses the temperature and raw conductivity values associated with each determination to generate a specific conductance value compensated to 25 C The calculation is carried out as in equation 1 below using a temperature coefficient of 1 91 C TC 0 0191 Specific Conductance 25 C Conductivity 1 TC T 25 As noted above unless the solution being measured consists of pure KCl in water this temperature compensated value will be somewhat inaccurate but the equation with a value of TC 0 0191 will
149. ON MAY AFFECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES FIRST AID SKIN CONTACT Flush with water EYE CONTACT Flush with water If irritation continues obtain medical attention INGESTION If patient is conscious induce vomiting Obtain medical attention YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 6 Required Notice Appendix B APPENDIX B REQUIRED NOTICE The Federal Communications Commission defines this product as a computing device and requires the following notice This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly may cause interference to radio and television reception It has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A or Class B computing device in accordance with the specification in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient the receiving antenna Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver 0 oO Uv Move the computer away from the receiver Q Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the
150. OT ATTEMPT TO GAIN ACCESS TO THE INTERNAL CIRCUITRY OF THE SONDE 2 10 1 SONDE CARE AND MAINTENANCE The YSI 6570 Maintenance Kit is available for use with your sonde The kit includes several items that will be helpful or necessary to perform the proper routine maintenance on your sonde The 6570 Maintenance Kit includes two types of O rings for probes and cable connector probe installation replacement tools two cleaning brushes for the conductivity sensor O ring lubricant and a syringe for cleaning the depth sensor port The 6570 Maintenance Kit can be ordered from any authorized YSI dealer or directly from YSI See Appendix C for details When caring for your sonde remember that the sonde is sealed at the factory and there is never a need to gain access to the interior circuitry of the sonde In fact if you attempt to disassemble the sonde you would void the manufacturer s warranty O RING CARE AND MAINTENANCE Your 6 series sondes utilize user accessible o rings as seals to prevent environmental water from entering the battery compartment and the sensor ports Please read the following instructions carefully prior to deploying your YSI Sonde Following the recommended procedure will assure that no problems will occur with regard to water influx into your sonde If the o rings and sealing surfaces on the sondes are not maintained properly it is possible that water can enter the battery compartment and or sensor ports of your
151. P Probe 6566 Combination pH ORP Probe Fouling Resistant 6026 Turbidity Probe wiped 6025 Chlorophyll Probe wiped 6130 Rhodamine WT Probe wiped 6136 Turbidity Probe wiped 6141 Turbidity Upgrade Kit for 6820 6920 6143 Turbidity Upgrade Kit for 6600 6882 Chloride Probe 6883 Ammonium Probe 6884 Nitrate Probe OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES FOR THE SONDES OUWUUWWKOUODOOOUOUOUOKUOUOD 062781 PC6000 Software Available at no cost 655423 Spare Probe Installation Tool 6027 Turbidity Wiper Kit for 6026 6627 Turbidity Wiper Kit for 6136 6024 Chlorophyll Wiper Kit for 6025 1 5 mm set screw 6624 Chlorophyll Wiper Kit for 6025 2 56 set screw 6144 Optical Wiper Pad Kit for 6027 6627 6024 and 6624 Wiper Assemblies 6035 Probe Reconditioning Kit for 6562 Dissolved Oxygen Probe 6038 12 VDC Power Supply with 110 VAC input 6037 12 VDC Power Supply with 220 VAC input 6081 Carrying Case 6100 External Power Connector attaches to 6095B Field Cable 6570 Maintenance Kit 5775 Membrane Kit 6108 Desiccant Cartridge Kit 6109 Desiccant Canister Kit YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual C 1 Accessories and Calibration Standards Appendix C mE mE m ma m 065802 Replacement Desiccant 6120 6 Series Operations Manual Spanish 6121 6 Series Operations Manual German 6089 Non Vented CE Cable Kit 6194 Vented CE Cable Kit FLOW CELLS FOR THE SONDES OUUU 6601 Flow Cell for 6600 5083 Flow Cell for
152. PC by accessing the sonde File menu File Upload Quick Upload View file Quick view file Delete all files Run Calibrate Advanced N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 immig 06 06 2000 09 10 03 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 1mmHg oe 06 01 2000 17 56 00 i 3 5 2 4 SONDES WITHOUT MEMORY If your sonde is a 600R 600XL or 6820 purchased prior to September 1999 it may contain a circuit board that does not have memory With sondes of this type you will not be able to log data to the sonde only to the 650 as detailed in the following section With these no memory sondes attached to your 650 the Run display will show a blank Sonde logging window as shown below Run q peee EL Sonde Start Tossing 71 86 163 9 orp PS rn 29 4nox 2 56 24 7 doch 8 O6 x 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 TAO BES cee 05 31 2000 11 44 04 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 32 650 MDS Section 3 3 5 3 LOGGING DATA TO 650 MEMORY 3 5 3 1 INTRODUCTION Even if the sonde in your 650 sonde system has its own memory it may be more convenient for you to log data directly to the 650 memory simply because you eliminate the need to upload the data after logging i e it will already be resident in 650 memory In addition logging directly to 650 memory allows you to log GPS and barometric pressure readings along with sonde sensor data Barometer and GPS data cannot be logged to so
153. REEN EMPLOYED OH 4 2 pH 5 Chlorophyl Ifug 03 30 99 040199 O404 93 0406 93 0408 93 0411 99 The flexible algal strands can become attached to the wiper arm and sometimes are resident on the probe optics even after a cleaning cycle The key to decreasing the spiking effect is to minimize the free algae which is present in the probe compartment of the sonde This can sometimes be accomplished by encasing the sonde guard in standard fiberglass window screen wire which is available at most hardware stores and then anchoring the screen with rubber bands as shown in the picture below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 7 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I Note the significant improvement in the overall noise level of the readings after the screen was installed on 4 2 99 However there is no guarantee that this solution will completely solve spiking problems caused by macro algal species In some applications it may be necessary to clean the sonde and probes at a frequent interval to minimize the number of erroneous readings Another factor that can contribute to repeated spikes in the user s chlorophyll data is wiper malfunction so that the wiper assembly parks over the probe optics This problem is usually due to the edges of the fluorescent wiper becoming coated with nonfluorescent material such as sediment that in turn prevents the sonde software from detecting the wiper movement If the spikes are
154. RTS LIST Item No 655467 Dwg A655467 Rev A Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 ABOUT THE 6600EDS The 6600EDS Extended Deployment System was developed in response to customer requests for an instrument that could accurately measure dissolved oxygen DO in moderate to severe fouling environments for extended periods of time The 6600EDS is equipped with the same Rapid Pulse DO probe that is used in all YSI 6 Series sondes However the sensor configuration of the 6600EDS differs from that of the standard 6600 in two ways First because of its unique design the 6600EDS does not allow for the option of utilizing Ion Selective Electrode ISE probe types Second the 6600EDS is designed to utilize the YSI 6136 turbidity probe along with a specially designed wiper In addition to cleaning the optics of the 6136 turbidity probe the 6600EDS wiper is also equipped with a brush that mechanically cleans the faces of the DO and pH probes prior to each sample This special wiping feature coupled with the benefits of our patented Rapid Pulse DO probe provides the user with a sonde that will outperform all other multi parameter instruments in fouling expected fresh or salt water deployments 2 PREPARING THE 6600EDS FOR USE 2 1 PROBE INSTALLATION The process of installing probes into the 6600EDS sonde is essentially the same as the process of doing so for YSI s s
155. S cable to the 650 via the MS 8 connector Connect the other MS 8 connector of the 6115 GPS cable to the MS 8 connector or your sonde cable Attach the male DE 9 connector of the 6115 GPS cable to the mating female connector of your GPS unit Turn on the 650 and make certain that appropriate GPS readings are displayed in the upper left corner of the Status Bar as shown in the following display Run 6 5 f onde Start logging 22 93 c 178 2onp A seg 93 1 pox A DoT T A noh pH N39 47 334 W83 54 128 739 4mmig 06 02 2000 09 49 17 3 8 2 LOGGING GPS READINGS To log latitude and longitude readings from a user supplied GPS unit the following conditions must be met e GPS readings can ONLY be logged to 650 memory the system does NOT support logging to sonde memory e The GPS readings must be logged to 650 memory from the 650 Run display along with sonde sensor readings This means that you must have a sonde attached to your 650 via the 6115 cable in order to log GPS readings Logging of GPS readings is not supported without sonde attachment even though these readings can be viewed in the Status Bar with no sonde attached e If your want to log the GPS readings to 650 memory along with sonde sensor readings at a particular location you must make certain that the Store Lat and Long option is active in the Logging setup menu of the 650 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 52 650 M
156. S readings must be met e Barometer readings can ONLY be logged to 650 memory the system does NOT support logging to sonde memory e The barometer readings must be logged to 650 memory from the 650 Run display along with sonde sensor readings This means that you must have a sonde attached to your 650 in order to log barometer readings Logging of barometer readings is not supported without sonde attachment even though these readings can be viewed in the Status Bar with no sonde attached e If your want to log barometer readings to 650 memory you must make certain that the Store Barometer option is active in the Logging setup menu of the 650 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 54 650 MDS Section 3 Once these conditions are met follow the instructions in Section 3 5 3 above for logging of sonde sensor readings to 650 memory The barometer readings will automatically be added to the file at the sample interval selected for the sonde readings Barometer readings stored in 650 memory will remain as part of the sensor data file that can be viewed from the 650 display and or uploaded with the data file for analysis in EcoWatch for Windows The barometric pressure readings are processed as a normal parameter by EcoWatch with the user having the ability to change units from the EcoWatch menus For example data stored in 650 memory in units of mm Hg units can easily be converted to readings in mBar after upload 3 10
157. Systems Manual 4 11 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 3 ECOWATCH MENU 4 3 1 FILE The File menu offers the following list of commands Some commands are available only when a file is open OPEN Use this to open sonde data file DAT new dat Eye office dat sample dat pre File Name Type or select the filename you want to open This box lists files with the extensions you select in the List Files of Type box List of Files of Type Select the type of file that you want to open dat Sonde binary data file txt prn ASCII text file cdf csv sdf Comma delimited file rt Real time file crl CR10 file Drives Select the drive where the PC6000 data file resides Directories Select the directory where the PC6000 data file resides Network Choose this button to connect to a network location assigning it a new drive letter This button is hidden if your computer is not connected to a network The screen above has the network button hidden YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 12 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 CLOSE Use this command to close all windows containing the active document EcoWatch automatically saves any changes before the file is closed You can also close a document by using the Close icon on the document s window as shown below My IMPORT With this command you can import common ASCII files into EcoWatch The file will be converted into PC6000 format and
158. T DEFAULT TEMPLATE This option allows you to select display parameters for your data when you initially open a file in EcoWatch Display parameters include background and trace colors on your graph which parameters are displayed parameter ordering parameter units and scaling of those parameters either manual or automatic The first time you use EcoWatch with a data file graphing will proceed according to the default settings present in EcoWatch For example graph backgrounds will all be black traces will be plotted each with a different color all parameters will be auto scaled and if your sonde measures conductivity and dissolved oxygen EcoWatch will display specific conductance in mS cm and dissolved oxygen in mg L You can change the default settings by using Set Default Template YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 39 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 1 Open a data file and observe the presentation of the data in graphic and tabular form 2 You can change the background and trace colors by going into the Graph and or Table submenus of the Setup Menu 3 You can add or remove parameters by going into the Parameter submenu of the Setup Menu 4 You can change the units of the displayed parameters by going into the Parameter submenu of the Setup Menu 5 You can change the order of the parameters by going into the Add Remove Parameters dialog box in the Parameter submenu of the Setup Menu 6 You can set t
159. T file When a data file is not open a shortened menu bar is visible and many of the tools in the toolbar appear dimmed Opening a data file will better demonstrate the capabilities of EcoWatch software To open the sample data file La 1 Click the File menu button in the toolbar 2 Select the SAMPLE DAT file 3 Click OK to open the file Note that the data in this file appears as a graph of temperature specific conductance dissolved oxygen pH ORP and depth all versus time The graphs are scaled automatically so that all data fits comfortably on the computer screen The Table and Graph IJ buttons on the toolbar are on off switches that are used to display or hide the graph and table pages respectively When displaying a graph and a table at the same time you can control the relative size of the two pages by placing the cursor over the small bar that separates them and then dragging it to the desired location From the Setup menu click Graph Click 2 Traces per Graph and notice that the parameters are now graphed in pairs Click 1 Trace per Graph to return the display to the original setting Move the cursor to any position in the graph then click and hold the right mouse button Note that the exact measurements for this point in time are displayed to the left of the graph While holding down the right mouse button move to another area on the graph Notice how the measurements change as you move When you release the mouse button
160. TH AND LEVEL The sondes can be equipped with either depth or level sensors In fact both sensors measure depth but by YSI convention level refers to vented measurements and depth refers to non vented measurements Both measurements use a differential strain gauge transducer to measure pressure with one side of the transducer exposed to the water For depth measurements the other side of the transducer is exposed to a vacuum The transducer measures the pressure of the water column plus the atmospheric pressure above the water Depth must be calculated from the pressure exerted by the water column alone therefore when depth is calibrated in air the software records the atmospheric pressure and subtracts it from all subsequent measurements This method of compensating for atmospheric pressure introduces a small error Because the software uses the atmospheric pressure at the time of calibration changes in atmospheric pressure between calibrations appear as changes in depth The error is equal to 0 045 feet for every 1mm Hg change in atmospheric pressure In sampling applications frequent calibrations eliminate the error Considering typical changes in barometer during long term monitoring errors of 0 6 feet 0 2m would be common In applications where this error is significant we recommend using a level sensor in place of the depth sensor As with depth measurements level uses a differential transducer with one side exposed to the water
161. The desiccant canister contains a larger amount of desiccant and is intended for long term deployment The desiccant canister kit contains mounting brackets for mounting the canister to a nearby structure The length of time that the desiccant remains active depends on several factors including heat and humidity When using vented level you must enter altitude and latitude From the sonde Main menu select Advanced then 3 Sensor Enter the altitude in feet and the latitude in degrees of the measurement site These values need to be accurate within 500 feet and 1 degree respectively For best performance of depth measurements users should ensure that the sonde s orientation remains constant while taking readings This is especially important for vented level measurements and for sondes with side mounted pressure sensors INSTALLING THE CARTRIDGE KIT 1 8 Tube Sleeve web leeve we 1 4 Tube Barbed cer va A POOROOOM Fitting ZZ 7 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual G 15 Using Vented Level Appendix G 1 Place the short length of 1 4 tubing onto the 1 4 side of the 1 8 to 1 4 adapter fitting Seat firmly 2 Place the length of 1 8 tubing onto the 1 8 side of the adapter fitting Seat firmly e Remove one of the plugs from the end of the desiccant cartridge and place the open end of the short length of 1 4 tubing onto the open
162. The plot of the data of any one parameter There may be one or two traces per graph 4 Graph There may be one or more graphs depending upon how many parameters are selected Each graph may have one or two traces Data can be displayed either in graphs or in a table or both 5 Table Numbers arranged in rows and columns Data can be displayed either in graphs or in a table or both YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 1 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 6 Page The Data Display Window can be divided in two pages a graph page and a table page A page becomes active when you click on it 7 Terminal window This is the window that is open to display the sonde s internal menu Allows the user to interact with the sonde or display logger The terminal window is a communication interface with another piece of equipment whereas the Data Display Window is direct interaction with the EcoWatch software Sonde COM2 new dat Eye office dat sample dat brg Data Files dat F 9 PC6000 data file A data file that is in a format compatible with EcoWatch for Windows or PC6000 software 9 Study A single data file in PC6000 format 4 1 3 TUTORIAL This brief EcoWatch tutorial is to be used with the sample data file that is provided with EcoWatch YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 2 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 EcoWatch starts without an open data file or DA
163. The signals and their directions are defined with respect to use of the Sonde with the 6095B adapter Wire DB 9 MS 4 MS 8 a eee oe re Ww pe ed Yellow RS232TX_ 2 C Orange RS232RX_ 3 D_ Green Alarm E Grey RTS _ __ e Blue CTS E Red ivpoe 9 ja Ja Black GND_ 5 fc B Purple SDI12 _ B_ F Bare Shield ___ B YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 7 1 Communications Section 7 7 3 RS 232 INTERFACE The sonde has an auto baud feature that allows the instrument to automatically adjust to the terminal baud rate If the sonde is set to a baud rate of 4800 and a 9600 baud terminal is attached to it after a few carriage returns are entered the sonde will recognize the communication mismatch and attempt to change its own internal baud rate to match the terminals 7 4 SDI 12 INTERFACE SDI 12 is an industry standard serial digital interface bus The bus was designed to allow compatibility between data collection devices and sensors of various manufacturers The description below applies specifically to the Sonde implementation of SDI 12 interface For complete SDI 12 technical specifications please contact Campbell Scientific Inc P O Box 551 Logan Utah 84321 USA 801 753 2342 SDI 12 is a single master multi drop bus and command protocol As many as 10 sensors can be connected to the bus at a time Each sensor is pre ass
164. UPGRADING 650 SOFTWARE The 650 software can easily be upgraded from the YSI World Wide Web page www ysi com However before accessing the Web page the instrument should be prepared for upgrade by attaching the MS 8 end of the YSI 655174 PC Interface cable to the 650 and the DE 9 end of the 655174 to a serial port of a PC which has Internet access as shown below 650 Computer with Internet 655174 PC Interface Access Cable DE 9 Serial Port Once the setup is complete access the YSI Web Page and locate the section on software upgrades Select the 650 upgrade entry and follow the instructions provided on the Web Page If you encounter difficulties in the upgrade procedure contact YSI Customer Service for advice YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 55 650 MDS 3 11 TROUBLESHOOTING Section 3 The following sections describes problems which you might encounter when using the 650 MDS and provides suggestions which might allow the user to overcome the symptom without additional assistance PROBLEM POSSIBLE SOLUTION No display is visible after pressing the on off key If C cells are used make certain that they are installed properly with regard to polarity and that good batteries are used If a rechargeable battery pack is used place the pack in the instrument and charge for 30 minutes No interaction with the sonde occurs when pressing Sonde run or Sonde menu from the
165. WARE 3 55 3 11 TROUBLESHOOTING 3 56 3 12 FERRITE BEAD INSTALLATION 3 57 3 13 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 3 58 3 14 650 MDS SPECIFICATIONS 3 61 SECTION 4 ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS 4 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1 4 2 DATA ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS 4 7 4 3 ECOWATCH MENU 4 12 SECTION 5 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 5 1 CONDUCTIVITY 5 1 5 2 SALINITY 5 2 5 3 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS TDS 5 2 5 4 OXIDATION REDUCTION POTENTIAL ORP 5 3 5 5 pH 5 4 5 6 DEPTH AND LEVEL 5 5 5 7 TEMPERATURE 5 6 5 8 DISSOLVED OXYGEN 5 6 5 9 NITRATE 5 9 5 10 AMMONIUM AND AMMONIA 5 11 5 11 CHLORIDE 5 13 5 12 TURBIDITY 5 14 5 13 CHLOROPHYLL 5 17 Introduction 5 15 FLOW SECTION 6 TROUBLE SHOOTING 6 1 CALIBRATION ERRORS 6 2 SONDE COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS 6 3 SENSOR PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS SECTION 7 COMMUNICATION 7 1 OVERVIEW 7 2 HARDWARE INTERFACE 7 3 RS 232 INTERFACE 7 4 SDI 12 INTERFACE SECTION 8 WARRANTY AND SERVICE INFORMATION 8 1 LIMITATIONS OF WARRANTY 8 2 AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTERS 8 3 CLEANING INSTRUCTIONS APPENDIX A HEALTH AND SAFETY APPENDIX B REQUIRED NOTICE APPENDIX C ACCESSORIES AND CALIBRATION STANDARDS APPENDIX D SOLUBILITY AND PRESSURE ALTITUDE TABLES APPENDIX E TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS APPENDIX F FLOW APPENDIX G USING VENTED LEVEL APPENDIX H EMS PERFORMANCE APPENDIX I CHLOROPHYLL MEASUREMENTS APPENDIX J PERCENT AIR SATURATION APPENDIX K PAR SENSOR APPENDIX L PROTECTIVE ZINC ANODE APPENDIX M SPECIFICATIONS 6600EDS SUPPLEMENT Section 1 5 29 6 1 6 3
166. WD O0 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual C 3 Accessories and Calibration Standards Appendix C LOGGER TELEMETRY Q 6200 Data Acquisition System 6200 DAS and Accessories Contact YSI Massachusetts 1 800 363 3269 for options and ordering information SOFTWARE Q 6075 EcoWatch for Windows for use with 6 series applications also available at no cost from the ysi com website Q Software upgrades for sondes and 650 See ysi com website YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual C 4 Solubility and Pressure Altitude Tables Appendix D APPENDIX D SOLUBILITY AND PRESSURE ALTITUDE TABLES Table 1 Solubility of Oxygen mg L in Water Exposed to Water Saturated Air at 760 mm Hg Pressure Salinity Measure of quantity of dissolved salts in water Chlorinity Measure of chloride content by mass of water S oo 1 80655 x Chlorinity o YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual D 1 Solubility and Pressure Altitude Tables Appendix D YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual D 2 Solubility and Pressure Altitude Tables Appendix D Table 2 Calibration Values for Various Atmospheric Pressures and Altitudes PRESSURE ALTITUDE CALIBRATION VALUE Inches Hg Millibars Percent Saturation YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual D 3 Solubility and Pressure Altitude Tables
167. YSI incorporated gt 6 SERIES 6600 Sonde 6600 EDS Sonde 6920 Sonde 6820 Sonde oO 600XLM Sonde 600 OMS Sonde 600XL Sonde 600QS Sonde 600R Sonde 650 MDS Display Logger Environmental Monitoring Systems SAFETY NOTES TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND WARRANTY INFORMATION Contact information for technical support and warranty information on YSI s Environmental Monitoring Systems products can be found in Section 8 Warranty and Service Information COMPLIANCE When using the YSI 6 Series sondes in a European Community CE country please be aware that electromagnetic compatibility EMC performance issues may occur under certain conditions such as when the sonde is exposed to certain radio frequency fields If you are concerned with these issues consult the Declaration of Conformity that was enclosed with your instrument Specific conditions where temporary sensor problems may occur are listed in this document If you are unable to locate the Declaration of Conformity that was shipped with your instrument contact your local YSI representative or YSI Customer Service in Yellow Springs Ohio for a copy of the document See Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact information SPECIFICATIONS For general specifications for all YSI Environmental Monitoring Systems products included in this manual please see Appendix M Specifications GENERAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS For Health and Safety issues concerning the
168. YSI or competitive instrumentation the values of dissolved oxygen in mg L the units usually reported will be identical and unaffected by the choice of DO convention THE DOSAT CONVENTION In the first convention used for many years in YSI handheld and laboratory instruments and in 6 series sondes the saturation value at the time of calibration in air reflects the value of the barometer that was input in the calibration protocol If the parameter DOsat is active in your 6 series Report menu then this convention is being used Effectively this convention provides a value of water oxygenation that can be carried out by air exposure with the value referenced to having the air at exactly 1 atmosphere 760 mm Hg or 101 3 kPa A DOsat value of 89 means that the water contains 89 of the oxygen that could be dissolved if the water was sparged with air that had a total pressure of 1 atm For example for an air calibration in the mountains at a typical barometric pressure of 630 mm Hg the YSI DOsat value at calibration would read 82 9 630 760 100 If the sensor did not drift electrochemically and the sonde was taken to a location where the atmospheric pressure was exactly 760 mm Hg e g sea level then the DOsat reading in air or air saturated water would change to 100 760 760 100 because there is more total oxygen in the air at the lower elevation Note that the percent oxygen in the air is effec
169. a display by selecting Start sampling e Select the memory sonde or 650 in which you want to store your data by toggling between the logging windows e Highlight the logging method desired Log one sample for a single logged point or Start logging to store a continuous data stream e Press Enter to activate the logging selection e To end the study if a continuous data stream was selected press Enter with the highlight cursor on the Stop logging command or press the Escape key Sections 3 5 2 and 3 5 3 below provide details and real life examples of logging data to sonde memory and to 650 memory respectively using the 650 as the interface 3 5 2 LOGGING DATA TO SONDE MEMORY 3 5 2 1 INTRODUCTION All YSI 6 series sondes sold since September 1999 have memory present on their internal PCBs In addition all 600XLM 6920 and 6600 sondes have internal memory regardless of the date of purchase Interface of these sondes to a 650 allows the user to easily store data either a single point or a continuous stream to the sonde memory Ifa continuous stream of data is desired the interval between the stored points is controlled by the Sample interval in the sonde s Discrete sample function The file name under which this data is stored and the site name associated with the file are also input in the Discrete sample function of the sonde using the 650 keypad as the input method When logging to sonde memory be sure to follow
170. a half inch of water is also acceptable as long as its presence does not compromise the attachment of the calibration cup to the sonde The calibration cup should be sealed to prevent evaporation The key for interim storage is to use a minimal amount of water so that the air in chamber remains at 100 percent humidity The water level has to be low enough so that none of the sensors are actually immersed Any type of water can be used in this protocol Distilled deionized or tap water If the storage water is inadvertently lost during field sampling studies environmental water can be used to provide the humidity Sondes with level sensors have a tube that vents the pressure transducer to the atmosphere It is important that the air in the tube remains dry at all times Sondes with integral cables should be stored with the desiccant in place and the vented end of the desiccant system sealed Sondes with connectors should be stored with the connector cap firmly in place When disconnecting the cable put the cap on immediately Vented cables should be stored with their caps in place in a bag containing desiccant Interim multi parameter storage is easy Simply remember the following key points gt Use enough water to provide humidity but not enough to cover the probe surfaces gt Make sure the storage vessel is sealed to minimize evaporation gt Check the vessel periodically to make certain that water is still present gt For sondes with
171. a level This value is used in the calculation of depth or level This item will only appear if the pressure sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Fixed probe This selection allows you to identify how your sonde is being used If your sonde is fixed or secured to a dock buoy platform or similar select this option This information is used in the calculation of depth and level This item will only appear if the Pressure Abs sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Moving probe This selection allows you to identify how your sonde is being used If your sonde is being used in depth profiling select this option This information is used in the calculation of depth and level This item will only appear if the Pressure Abs sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu DO temp co 1 1 C This selection allows you to input the dissolved oxygen temperature coefficient Do not change this value unless you consult YSI Customer Service This item will only appear if the DO sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu DO warm up 40 This selection allows you to set the amount of time allowed for DO warm up in seconds Normally the default value of 40 seconds is adequate for most applications However there may be certain situations in which greater DO accuracy can be attained by increasing this time Consult YSI Customer Service if you feel that your DO warm up time is incorrect This item will only appear if the DO sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Wa
172. a water sample which has a known concentration of dissolved oxygen usually determined by Winkler titration For this calibration procedure the sensor should be immersed in the water After thermal equilibration enter the known mg L value press Enter and the calibration procedure will be carried out automatically as for the percent saturation mode above DISSOLVED OXYGEN WITH AUTOSLEEP OFF If you intend to do Discrete Sampling it is recommended that you turn Autosleep off in the Advanced Setup menu and follow these instructions for DO calibration If you intend to do Unattended Sampling it is recommended that you turn Autosleep on and using the calibration instructions in the preceding section Select the Dissolved Oxygen option from the Calibrate menu to calibrate the oxygen probe The submenu will offer you the option of calibrating in percent saturation or mg L After selecting the option of choice percent saturation in water saturated air is normally recommended you will be prompted for the next step Calibrating either of the choices will automatically calibrate the other For the percent saturation mode be certain that the sensor has been thermally equilibrated in water saturated air and that the sensor has stabilized prior to beginning the calibration routine particularly after a membrane change Relieve pressure in the cup if necessary Remember the Calibration Cup is designed to be air tight and must be loosened if used
173. accuracy over the entire range of 0 to 200 ug L As for the 2 point procedure one of the standards must be 0 NTU The procedure for this calibration is the same as for a 2 point calibration but the software will prompt you to place the sonde in the additional solution to complete the 3 point procedure For all rhodamine calibration procedures be certain that the standard and sensor are thermally equilibrated prior to proceeding with the calibration YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 73 Sondes Section 2 REESTABILISHING DEFAULT CALIBRATION UNCAL COMMAND If for any reason you want to return to the factory default settings slope and offset for any parameter follow the instructions below e Activate any calibration screen 1 point 2 point or 3 point where a numerical entry is requested In the example below a 2 point turbidity calibration was selected e Instead of entering a numeric value type the word uncal and press Enter e An uncal entry at any calibration prompt will reset both slope and offset for this parameter to the factory default settings 1 1 point 2 2 point 3 3 point Select option 0 for previous menu 2 Enter 1st Turbid NTU uncal NOTE When using the 650 MDS as the sonde interface device the uncal operation is performed by holding the Escape key down and then pressing the Enter key See Section 3 of this manual for more details YSI Incorporated En
174. act YSI Customer Service You might see readings during sampling that you think are too jumpy If this occurs the water may be non homogeneous with regard to the size of the suspended particles The jumpiness that you are observing is probably real However if you want to smooth it out you can incrementally increase the Time Constant and Threshold settings in the Data Filter menu to obtain the noise level which you desire You might observe single point spikes in data from deployment applications These high readings may be real turbidity events caused by large particles passing over the optical surface at the time of measurement As long as the spiking occurs only occasionally there is no reason to believe that the turbidity system is malfunctioning Depending on the site these spikes may be a normal occurrence You might see a lot of unreasonable high spikes in data from deployment applications This symptom usually results from improper activation or parking of the wiper assembly If it occurs with a new wiper assembly make certain that the wiper rotates and parks correctly opposite the optical surface in 0 NTU standard If the wiper does not rotate at all be certain that the setscrew of the assembly is contacting the flat part of the shaft and that the screw is securely tightened using the small hex key that is supplied with the wiper assembly If the wiper still will not rotate on manual activation contact YSI Customer Service If the pro
175. ad of NH N IMPORTANT We recommend that the user employ standards for chloride that are 10 times greater than for ammonium and nitrate Thus the low calibration value should be 10 mg L and the high calibration value should be 1000 mg L Cl The difference is due to the fact that the effect of contamination of standards from inadvertent leakage of chloride ion from either the DO probe or the reference junction of the pH probe will be less significant at higher concentrations NOTE YSI strongly recommends the use of the 3 point protocol to ensure the best possible performance from all ISE sensors ammonium nitrate and chloride OPTIC TURBIDITY NOTE Before calibrating your 6026 or 6136 turbidity sensor pay particular attention to the following cautions e To properly calibrate YSI turbidity sensors you MUST use standards that have been prepared according to details in Standard Methods for the Treatment of Water and Wastewater Section 2130 B Acceptable standards include a formazin prepared according to Standard Methods b dilutions of 4000 NTU formazin concentrate purchased from Hach c Hach StablCal standards in various NTU denominations and d AMCO AEPA standards prepared specifically for the 6026 and 6136 by either YSI or approved vendors who are listed on the YSI website www ysi com STANDARDS FROM OTHER VENDORS ARE NOT APPROVED FOR THE YSI TURBIDITY SYSTEM AND THEIR USE WILL LIKELY RESULT IN BOTH CALIBRATION ERRORS AND INCORR
176. additional cleaning cycles may be necessary EFFECT OF TURBIDITY ON CHLOROPHYLL READINGS As described above the filters in front of the photodiode in the YSI 6025 chlorophyll probe prevent most of the 470 nm light which is used to excite the chlorophyll molecules from reaching the detector after being backscattered off of non fluorescent particles turbidity in environmental water However the filter system is not perfect and a minor interference on chlorophyll readings from suspended solids may result Laboratory experiments indicate that a suspension of typical soil measured with a YSI 6026 sensor will have a turbidity interference characterized by a factor of about 0 03 ug L per NTU For example the turbidity of the water must be above 100 NTU to produce an apparent chlorophyll reading equal to 3 ug L In very cloudy water the user may wish to use the independently determined turbidity value and the above compensation factor to correct measured chlorophyll values using for example a spreadsheet LIMITATIONS OF N VIVO CHLOROPHYLL MEASUREMENTS As noted above the measurement of chlorophyll from in vivo fluorescence measurements will always be less reliable than determinations made on molecular chlorophyll that has been extracted from the cells using the procedures described in Standard Methods This section describes some of the known problems with in vivo chlorophyll measurement INTERFERENCES FROM OTHER FLUORESCENT SPECIES The analytical
177. ading or 1 ug L whichever is greater Resolution 0 1 pg L Rhodamine WT Depth 05 66 meters Conductivity Sensor Type 4 electrode cell with autoranging Range 0 to 100 mS cm ACCUTACY neneeese 0 5 of reading 0 001 mS cm Resolution 0 001 mS cm to 0 1 mS cm range dependent Depth 200 meters Nitrate Nitrogen Sensor Type Ion selective electrode Range 0 200 mg L N ACCULACY see eeeeeee 10 of reading or 2 mg L whichever is greater Resolution 0 001 mg L N to 1 mg L N range dependent Depth 15 meters Ammonium Nitrogen Sensor Type Ion selective electrode Ranigenccnkcndean 0 200 mg L N ACCULACY eee eeeeeee 10 of reading or 2 mg L whichever is greater Resolution 0 001 mg L N to 1 mg L N range dependent Depth eosi 15 meters Ammonia Nitrogen Sensor Type Calculated from ammonium pH and temperature Range 0 200 mg L N ACCULACY se eeeeeee 10 of reading or 2 mg L whichever is greater Resolution 0 001 mg L N to 1 mg L N range dependent Depthicicncciea ous 15 meters Report outputs of specific conductance conductivity corrected to 25 C resistivity and total dissolved solids are also provided These values are automatically calculated from conductivity according to algorithms found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water a
178. again with a DAT extension File Import Eye E ecowwin Sy data MERGE This function takes two existing data files and merges them into one new file Both files must be in PC6000 format DAT have the same number of parameters and the same parameter types the parameter setup must be identical Data record time stamps in the destination data file will be stored in ascending order YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 13 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Merge File COPY TO CLIPBOARD Ifa graph or table is active then choosing this command will send its contents to the Windows clipboard so that it can be pasted into other programs This is a normal method of transfer data between different Windows programs Shortcuts E Toolbar Ee Keys CTRL C YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 14 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 SAVE DATA DISPLAY When opening a data file you will probably want to look at the data in graph form You may also want to rearrange the default graph by selecting or reordering parameters zooming in to a portion of the graph or even changing colors or changing fonts You may sometimes choose to look at the data or a portion of it in table form All of this work is done in the Data Display window This command allows you to save the settings and content of the Data Display window so that you can load it at another time and have it look exactly the sam
179. ailable sensor and in some cases to select the port in which your sensor is installed From the Sonde Main menu select 7 Sensor and the following display will appear Sensors Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxy ISE2 Orp Select option 0 for previous menu Note that the exact appearance of this menu will vary depending upon the sensors available on your sonde When a particular sensor is active an asterisk will appear in the parentheses associated with the selection In this example the time temperature conductivity dissolved oxygen pH ORP and battery sensors are enabled To disable a sensor simply press the number of the active sensor or port and the asterisk will disappear For the ISE and Optic selections press the appropriate number and then enable or disable the sensor using the submenu choices Be certain that the appropriate sensor is enabled in the submenu according to the sonde bulkhead port in which it is physically installed For example if an ammonium sensor is placed in the port labeled 3 on the bulkhead enable the sensor as ISE3 in the menu structure The following screen is the submenu selection structure for ISE3 ISE4 and ISES NH4 NO3 l PAR1 Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 85 Sondes Section 2 As noted above the ISE3 PARI selection is used in a special instrument mated to a sensor for Photosynthetica
180. ame and 7 SDI 12 address selections will be explained in Section 2 9 5 Press Esc or 0 to return to the System setup menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 23 Sondes Section 2 At the bottom of the menu choose the language you prefer for the sonde software For example press 7 English to use the sonde with English menus 1 Date amp time 2 Comm setup 3 Page length 25 4 Instrument ID YSI Sonde 5 Circuit board SN 00003001 6 GLP filename 00003001 7 SDI 12 address 0 8 English 9 Fran ais A Deutsch Select option 0 for previous menu Then press Esc or 0 again to return to the Main menu 2 Calibrate 3 File 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option 0 for previous menu ENABLING SENSORS To activate the sensors that are in your sonde select Sensor from the Sonde Main menu Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxy pH Orp NH4 NO3 NONE Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 24 Sondes Section 2 Note that the exact appearance of this menu will vary depending upon the sensors that are available on your sonde Enter the corresponding number to enable the sensors that are installed on your sonde An asterisk indicates that the sensor is enabled When selecting any of the ISE or Optical ports a submenu will appear When this occurs make a selection so that the sensor corresponds to the port in which the senso
181. ams Copying data to the clipboard replaces the contents previously stored there Shortcuts Toolbar Keys CTRL C PASTE This command does not function in this version of EcoWatch REMOVE PARAMETERS When entire column s of data is selected including the heading s this command will remove the parameter s from both the data table and graph INSERT PARAMETER YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 21 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Adds an additional parameter to the data table and graph All available parameters that can be added are shown on a list FIND Locates text within the selected parameter Only one parameter may be searched at a time A system beep indicates that there are no more occurrences of the desired text FIND AGAIN Locates the text that was most recently searched for within the selected parameter Only one parameter may be searched at a time 4 3 3 VIEW The View menu offers the following commands TOOLBAR Use this command to display and hide the Toolbar which includes buttons for some of the most common commands in EcoWatch such as File Open A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Toolbar is displayed Shortcut To hide or display the Toolbar choose Toolbar from the View menu See Section 4 2 6 Using the Toolbar for a list of the toolbar icons and their functions STATUS BAR Use this command to display and hide the Status Bar which describ
182. and The user should also note the two windows in the upper portion of the display above one designated 650 and the other Sonde All logging either to sonde or 650 memory is controlled from these windows As indicated data storage to the 650 is controlled from the upper left logging window Storage to the sonde memory is controlled from the upper right logging window The highlighting cursor associated with the logging windows can be moved within a particular window using the up down arrows and toggled from window to window using the left right arrows Note also that if your sonde contains an optical sensor it is possible to activate the probe wiper prior to logging from the Sonde logging window While the following sections will show that the logging functions of the 650 have a high degree of flexibility and capability from a basic point of view logging with the 650 is simple YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 28 650 MDS Section 3 e Decide if you want to log data continuously and if so determine what sample interval between data points is appropriate for you study If you will be logging to 650 memory highlight the Logging setup selection from the 650 Main menu then highlight the Interval selection and set the interval as desired If you will be logging to sonde memory select the 650 Sonde menu and then Run Discrete sample from the sonde menu Set the sample interval and then activate the dat
183. and or rhodamine WT probe it is recommended that the optical sensors be installed first If you are not installing one of these probes do not remove the port plug and go on to the next probe installation Figure 26 All optic probes 6026 and 6136 wiping turbidity 6025 PN chlorophyll and 6130 rhodamine WT are installed in the A OPTIC same way Install the probe into the center port seating the ae PROBE pins of the two connectors before you begin to tighten DS Tighten the probe nut to the bulkhead using the short extended end of the tool supplied with the probe Do not over tighten INSTALLATION TOOL CAUTION Be careful not to cross thread the probe nut 5 The YSI 6820 and 6920 sondes can accept a single turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT probe The 6600 sonde can accept and utilize two of the four optical sensors 6026 turbidity 6136 turbidity chlorophyll and rhodamine WT at the same time The optical ports of the 6600 are labeled T and C on the sonde bulkhead Each port can accept any of the four sensors so be sure to remember which sensor was installed in which port so that you will later be able to set up the sonde software correctly INSTALLING THE DISSOLVED OXYGEN PROBE CONDUCTIVITY TEMP AND PH ORP PROBES Figure 27 Insert the probe into the correct port and gently rotate the probe until the two connectors align The probes have slip nuts that require a small probe installation too
184. ant qualification You will need to remember that the 6026 and 6136 sensors which read the same in formazin suspensions will have different responses in the suspensions of the AEPA AMCO beads This effect is due to the larger optical cell volume of the 6136 Thus as noted on the label of the 6073 bottle the value of the standard is 100 NTU when used for calibration of the 6026 sensor but 123 NTU when used to calibrate the 6136 In environmental water that contains suspended particles of varying size and density the readings for the two probes will also differ after calibration with either formazin or polymer beads with the 6026 almost always showing higher readings and the extent of the difference generally being proportional to the overall turbidity For example if both probes are calibrated at 0 and 100 NTU and then placed in a turbid river the 6026 might read 400 NTU while the 6136 would read 300 NTU The absolute difference in the sensor readings would shrink as the turbidity dropped Thus if the 6026 read 30 NTU the 6136 would likely read approximately 21 NTU Note that the sonde software labels the output of the two sensors with slightly different units of turbidity turbid NTU for the 6026 and turbid NTU for the 6136 so that the user will readily be able to determine which sensor was used in a particular study during later data analysis No matter whether the 6026 or 6136 is installed in your sonde it is important to
185. ard or 1000 mg L chloride standard and monitor the reading Usually the reading starts low and may take as long as 30 minutes to reach a stable value When it does proceed with the calibration gt When calibrating pH remove ISE modules from the sonde bulkhead and plug the ports After pH calibration is complete replace the ISE sensors and proceed with their calibration with no stabilization delay TURBIDITY 2 POINT 6026 AND 6136 SENSORS Select Optic T or Optic C Turbidity 6026 or Turbidity 6136 from the Calibrate Menu and then 2 2 Point NOTE Before calibrating your 6026 or 6136 turbidity sensor pay particular attention to the following cautions e To properly calibrate YSI turbidity sensors you MUST use standards that have been prepared according to details in Standard Methods for the Treatment of Water and Wastewater Section 2130 B Acceptable standards include a formazin prepared according to Standard Methods b dilutions of 4000 NTU formazin concentrate purchased from Hach c Hach StablCal standards in various NTU YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 37 Sondes Section 2 denominations and d AMCO AEPA standards prepared specifically for the 6026 and 6136 by either YSI or approved vendors who are listed on the YSI website www ysi com STANDARDS FROM OTHER VENDORS ARE NOT APPROVED FOR THE YSI TURBIDITY SYSTEM AND THEIR USE WILL LIKELY RESULT IN BOTH CALIBRATION ERRORS AND INCORRECT FI
186. arrow keys to highlight the preferred date format and press Enter to confirm your selection Activate deactivate the 4 digit year selection as desired using the Enter key to toggle between choices Finally set the date and time by highlighting the entries and inputting new values from the keypad 3 4 3 9 SETTING THE SONDE AUTOSLEEP CONFIGURATION As explained in Section 2 of the 6 series manual the setup of the Autosleep RS 232 function of the sonde should be governed by the following rules e Unattended sample studies Remote deployments Autosleep Active e Discrete sample studies with user present Autosleep Inactive YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 26 650 MDS Section 3 The rules are particularly important with regard to the method of dissolved oxygen calibration automatic at the Unattended sample interval if Autosleep is Active manually controlled by the user if Autosleep is inactive See Section 2 of the 6 series manual for additional information on the Autosleep function To set the Autosleep function utilize the 650 Sonde menu selection to access the Advanced Setup menu of the sonde Use the up down arrow keys to highlight the Autosleep RS232 selection and toggle the function on off with the Enter key until it is correct for your application 3 5 LOGGING DATA WITH THE 650 3 5 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASICS OF LOGGING A primary function of the 650 is to facilitate the storage of field data from 6
187. asurement The point where this new plot of log chloride vs voltage intersects the calibration plot is called the isopotential point that is the chloride concentration at which changes in temperature cause no change in voltage Our experience with ISEs indicates that for best accuracy the isopotential point should be determined empirically To do so the user employs a third calibration point where the voltage of the lower concentration standard is determined at a temperature at least 10 C different from the first two calibration points The slope offset and isopotential point drift slowly and the probe should be recalibrated periodically All ion selective electrodes are subject to the interaction of species with the sensor membrane which are similar in nature to the analyte These interfering species thus include other halide ions fluoride bromide and iodide as well as other anions Despite the potential problems with interference when using ISEs it is important to remember that almost all interfering species produce an artificially high chloride reading Thus if the sonde indicates the presence of only small quantities of chloride it is unlikely that the reading is erroneously low because of interference Unusually high chloride readings which could be due to interfering ions should be confirmed by laboratory analysis after collection of water samples Of all the sensors available on the sonde ion selective electrodes have the great
188. ata table in default size if a data table is selected Shortcuts Toolbar 4 3 4 COMM UNICATION The Comm Communications menu commands let you control your communications settings with sondes modems and other devices Several communication menu options are only available when a terminal window is opened SETTINGS The Communications Settings dialog box is where you can configure the communications ports The settings are organized into the following three tabs Communication Settings Port Setup This is where you can set port parameters file transfer protocol and handshaking for each of the ports that you will use YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 25 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 YSI Incorporated Port Parameter Setup These include the most common settings for each communication port These settings are Baud Rate number of Data bits and Parity These settings must be identical to the settings on the device that is connected to the port You may choose independent settings for each communication port Protocol You may choose Kermit Xmodem or Xmodem 1K protocol for file transfer through the communications port 6820 6920 600R 600XL 600XLM and 6600 sondes use only Kermit protocol Handshaking You may choose Xon Xoff or RTS CTS or Both or None Xon Xoff is often referred to as software handshaking and RTS CTS as hardware handshaking If you are using a YSI sonde select Xon Xoff Mo
189. ate but more difficult to obtain results from more traditional methods of chlorophyll determination MEASUREMENT OF CHLOROPHYLL N VIVO One key characteristic of chlorophyll is that it fluoresces that is when irradiated with light of a particular wavelength it emits light of a higher wavelength or lower energy The ability of chlorophyll to fluoresce is the basis for all commercial fluorometers capable of measuring the analyte in vivo Fluorometers of this type have been in use for some time These instruments induce chlorophyll to fluoresce by shining a beam of light of the proper wavelength into the sample and then measuring the higher wavelength light which is emitted as a result of the fluorescence process Most chlorophyll systems use a light emitting diode LED as the source of the irradiating light that has a peak wavelength of approximately 470 nm LEDs with this specification produce radiation in the visible region of the spectrum with the light appearing blue to the eye On irradiation with this blue light chlorophyll resident in whole cells emits light in the 650 700 nm region of the spectrum To quantify the fluorescence the system detector is usually a photodiode of high sensitivity that is screened by an optical filter that restricts the detected light The filter prevents the 470 nm exciting light from being detected when it is backscattered off of particles in the water Without the filter turbid cloudy water would appear to con
190. ate relationship between level and flow There are several varieties of weirs each designed for a specific application Similarly a flume also restricts flow producing a repeatable and accurate flow level curve by forcing the flow not over a dam but through a narrower portion of the channel The flow is gradually narrowed passed through a throat in the flume and then gradually expanded back to the original channel width As with weirs there are several varieties of flumes each designed for a specific application The weir or flume is referred to as the primary measuring device and the level meter is referred to as the secondary measurement device There are three common types of weirs and seven types of flumes Most of these are available in a number of sizes Flow level curves for common types and sizes are already programmed in the sonde so that it is only necessary to describe the primary measuring device to get flow readings If you have a primary measuring device that is not already programmed you have the option of entering either an equation or a table that defines the flow level curve for your device The table can also be used to calculate the flow of water in stream for which the flow level data is available The Manning Equation is also available to calculate flow in an open channel without any restriction built explicitly for measuring flow In this case the channel itself is the primary measuring device SETTING UP YOUR SONDE WEIR OR
191. ated in the header In addition the message in the upper window will change from YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 24 650 MDS Section 3 Calibrate to Continue Make sure that Continue is highlighted and press Enter to return to the DO calibration menu Calibrated be DO calibration nde m s5 DO DO mg L MDY 10 01 550 22 24 c Sees 0 002 i Sal N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 5mmHg on N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 2mmig 06 02 2000 10 58 34 mmm 05 31 2000 15 57 57 3 4 3 COMMON OPERATIONS USING THE 650 SONDE MENU SELECTION The following section provides brief instructions for carrying out frequently used sonde activities via the Sonde menu selection of the 650 The instructions do not provide the detail of the examples above assuming that the user understands how to navigate the menus with the Enter Escape and Arrow keys and is able to make alpha numeric entries from the keypad 3 4 3 1 RUNNING THE SONDE IN REAL TIME This function can be accomplished either automatically from the Sonde run selection of the 650 menu or by using the Sonde menu selection to activate the Run Discrete Sample submenu of the Main 6 series menu If the Sonde run selection is made data automatically appears on the screen at a sample interval of approximately 1 second However if the user chooses to use the Run function from the sonde menu the sample rate
192. ated every 16 seconds The user then highlights the Start logging selection in the sonde logging window in the upper right of the display and presses Enter to begin logging data to sonde memory The message in the sonde logging window changes to Stop logging indicating that logging has successfully been activated YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 31 650 MDS Section 3 Run Tog ne Su bo a Sone aT Discrete sample og one sample li one sam e 5 JA w i Start logging Beart logging Lag ng eames PE Start sampling Sample interval 16 06 0T 00moy FOT 06 01 00roy Toog File PROFILE1 16 28 136 8 P 16 28 45 6 p Site WEST LAKE 45c RC 22 45 ved 98 Bisai 0 002 ns 6 0 002 nos Sal Pe dik i Sal 00 E 0 0 000 E N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 semma N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 4mmhg rot a000 17 2453 ae 06 01 2000 17 25 31 lere 06 01 2000 17 29 19 Smmm ial At the end of the 90 minute profile determination the user either confirms the Stop logging command by pressing Enter or simply presses the Escape key to return to the sonde Discrete sample menu highlights the Close file selection and confirms the file closing by pressing Enter The profile data taken at a 16 second sample interval is now stored in the sonde memory under the file name PROFILE It can be viewed on the 650 display and or uploaded to the 650 memory or directly to a
193. ays at 20 C at 15 minute logging intervals a 40 second DO warm up time and turbidity or chlorophyll active Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Ammonium Nitrate Chloride Depth shallow medium shallow vented Turbidity or Chlorophyll or Rhodamine WT fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 feet 61 meters 40 to 60 C for sondes and all sensors except pH and pH ORP 20 to 60 for pH and pH ORP PVC Stainless Steel 2 9 inches 7 4 cm 16 82 inches 42 7 cm with no depth 18 2 inches 46 2 cm with depth subtract 2 6 inches 6 6 cm if using short probe guard 3 4 pounds 1 5 kg without cable and with 6026 turbidity sensor 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings RS 232C SDI 12 External 12 VDC 8 to 13 8 VDC Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Depth shallow medium shallow vented fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 feet 61 meters Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 2 Specifications Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size Power Battery Life 600XL SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Internal logging memory size Computer Interface Power 600R SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment YSI
194. ays or longer 2 Ion selective electrodes may not stabilize as rapidly as pH sensors Be sure to allow plenty of time for the readings to come to their final values during all calibration routines 3 Ion selective electrodes generally drift more than pH sensors To check for this drift place the sonde in one of your standards at the end of each deployment 4 Nitrate standards are good growth media for a variety of organisms This growth can significantly reduce the nitrogen content of your standards an effect that is particularly important for the 1 mg L solution It is best to use new standards for each deployment but if you decide to save your solutions for reuse we recommend refrigerated storage to minimize the growth of these organisms 5 Remember that the nitrate sensor will take longer to stabilize after exposure to pH buffers To accelerate this process soak the sensor in 100 mg L standard for a few minutes after performing a pH calibration In addition be particularly careful that readings are stable during nitrate calibration after exposure to buffers YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 10 Principles of Operation Section 5 CAUTION The nitrate membrane module is for use only at depths less than 50 feet 15 2 meters Use of the probe at greater depths is likely to permanently damage the sensor 5 10 AMMONIUM AND AMMONIA The sonde ammonium probe employs a silver silver chloride Ag AgCl
195. be characterized by a txt extension in the 650 Directory and will NOT be viewable on the 650 display To view the files you must first transfer them from the 650 to your PC and then open them in a spreadsheet 3 8 USING GPS WITH THE 650 3 8 1 SETTING UP THE GPS 650 INTERFACE The 650 allows the user to display GPS readings of latitude and longitude from a commercially available user supplied unit in the Status Bar of the 650 display The interface of the GPS unit to the 650 is accomplished via the YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 51 650 MDS Section 3 6115 GPS cable that can be purchased as an optional accessory Using the 6115 cable GPS readings can also be logged to the 650 memory along with sonde sensor readings taken at a particular geographical location which can then be relocated for subsequent studies The use of the GPS interface is easy but the user must configure the hardware and software of the GPS unit as follows before proceeding e Consult the user manual of the GPS unit and configure the instrument so that readings in the NMEA 0183 protocol are generated e Purchase from your GPS manufacturer a cable that connects at one end to the GPS unit and has at its other end a male DE 9 connector for interface with the YSI 6115 GPS cable Once these requirements are met proceed according to the following instructions consulting Figure 2 in Section 3 2 3 above for assistance Connect the 6115 GP
196. be extremely tedious YSI has developed the YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor for the determination of chlorophyll in spot sampling and continuous monitoring applications It is based on an alternative method for the measurement of chlorophyll which overcomes these disadvantages albeit with the potential loss of accuracy In this procedure chlorophyll is determined in vivo i e without disrupting the cells as in the extractive analysis The YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor is designed for these in vivo applications and its use allows the facile collection of large quantities of chlorophyll data in either spot sampling or continuous monitoring applications It is important to remember however that the results of in vivo analysis will not be as accurate as those from the certified extractive analysis procedure YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 17 Principles of Operation Section 5 The limitations of the in vivo method are outlined below and should be carefully considered before making chlorophyll determinations with your YSI sonde and sensor Some of the sources of inaccuracy can be minimized by combining the data from the YSI 6025 with data from extractive analysis of a few samples acquired during a sampling or monitoring study However the in vivo studies will never replace the standard procedure Rather the estimates of chlorophyll concentration from the easy to use YSI chlorophyll system are designed to complement the more accur
197. be in a DAT file on your PC You can then use EcoWatch to view manipulate and print the data file 4 2 3 UPLOAD A FILE FROM A 650 DM DISPLAY LOGGER To transfer data files resident in the 650 memory either logged directly or uploaded from sonde memory to a PC that is running YSI EcoWatch for Windows software you must first connect the 650 to a serial port of your computer via the 655174 PC Interface cable as shown in the diagram above After the connection is made run EcoWatch for Windows click on the sonde icon in the upper toolbar and set the Comm port number to match your interface After this setup procedure the following screen will be present on your PC monitor 2 EcoWatch Sonde COM2 File View Comm Realtime Appl Window Help ee J Sessa enitiea eer Sonde COM2 For Help press F1 NUM Astar WY Microsolt Word E Ecowatch Sonde BAIOPHl OPW 912M YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 8 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 To transfer data from the 650 to your PC highlight the Upload to PC selection in the 650 File menu and press Enter to view a list of the files Highlight the file that you wish to transfer and press Enter The 650 and PC displays will show the progress of the file transfer until completion 650 File Filename Samples Bytes Directory PROFILE txt 0 EEEL DEPLOY dat 132 5658 View file O00003FA3 glp 20 410 Bytes sent File memory 2827 Delete all files
198. been changed from gray to black Most importantly the sensor optics for the new sensor are larger than those for the older version Because of the use of larger optical fibers the sample volume of the sensor is larger and the optical beam extends further into the sample Is the depth specification of the new 6136 sensor different from that of the older version Like the 6026 the new 6136 is rated for use at depths up to 200 feet of water Is the warranty of the new 6136 sensor different from that of the older version Like the older 6026 the new 6136 is warranted against failure for one year Does the new 6136 sensor meet the wavelength and backscatter angle standards identified in the ISO 7027 specification Yes The angle between the fibers is still 90 degrees and the new 6136 sensor like the older 6026 uses near infrared radiation with a wavelength of 860 30 nm as outlined in ISO 7027 I have heard of EPA Approved turbidity systems for surface water Does the new 6136 sensor meet this criterion No However it is important to note that only the use of laboratory instruments like the Hach 2100AN which use a tungsten lamp instead of a near infrared LED will result in formal compliance with the EPA approved method for ambient water and then only if the sample is diluted below 40 NTU US EPA 1993 Standard Methods 1999 There is NO sensor sensor system or methodology that is EPA approved for the in situ determination of turbi
199. ble 5 600R and 600QS Sondes Probe to Calibrate Upright Upside Down 350ml pH ORP 120ml N A See section below for special instructions dealing with calibration of 6136 turbidity sensor in both the calibration cup and in laboratory beakers See section below for special instructions dealing with calibration of the conductivity sensor for the 600 OMS CALIBRATION OF THE 6136 TURBIDITY SENSOR The 6136 can be calibrated using either a calibration cup or laboratory glassware If you choose to calibrate with the calibration cup you also MUST first make certain that the vessel is equipped with a BLACK bottom In addition you should engage only ONE THREAD when screwing the calibration cup onto the sonde in order to keep the turbidity probe face as far as possible from the calibration cup bottom to avoid interference New sondes purchased with the 6136 will automatically be supplied with YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 30 Sondes Section 2 a black bottom calibration vessel However if you have purchased a replacement 6136 sensor for an existing sonde you will receive the black bottom in the kit and will need to remove the gray bottom from your existing cup and replace it with the black bottom Even with these techniques there will still be a small interference from the bottom of the calibration cup that will cause your field turbidity readings 0 5 NTU lower than the actual reading This small error is usual
200. ble in a number of sizes Flow level curves for common types and sizes are already programmed in the sonde so that it is only necessary to describe the primary measuring device to get flow readings If you have a primary measuring device that is not already programmed you have the option of entering either an equation or a table that defines the flow level curve for your device The table can also be used to calculate the flow of water in stream for which the flow level data is available MANNING EQUATION YSI sondes with shallow vented level can be used with the Manning equation In an open channel without any restriction built explicitly for measuring flow the Manning Equation can sometimes be used to calculate flow Under the right conditions the channel itself is the primary measurement device and flow can be calculated from the level of water in the channel Careful use of the Manning equation under ideal conditions can be accurate to 10 Less careful use under worse conditions can give errors of 50 or more The formula is 2 1 Where Q Flow rate Q KeA R2 S2 A Cross sectional area of flow R Hydraulic radius S slope n Manning coefficient of roughness K constant dependent on units The Manning roughness coefficient n is an index of the frictional resistance to flow on the surface of the channel Values ofn are published for different materials However in the field determination of n is perhaps the largest source of error
201. blem occurs with a wiper assembly which has been in the field for some time and is discolored or abraded install a 6027 replacement with a new pad assure function and correct parking in 0 NTU standard and redeploy Ifa high frequency of spikes still occurs in the deployment data contact YSI Customer Service for further assistance YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 9 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 10 Flow Appendix F APPENDIX F FLOW Flow is only available in the Sensors menu on sondes that have vented level The Flow Setup menu only appears when Flow is enabled in the Sensors menu Note In this manual we describe how to use YSI s sondes to calculate flow from vented level While weirs flumes and the Manning equation are described briefly here this manual is not a complete treatment of the subject We make no claims on the accuracy or appropriateness of any of these techniques for any particular application Flow is a calculated value Whenever there is a one to one relationship between the level of water in an open channel and the flow of water through it then flow can be calculated from a level measurement Many devices are designed to be placed in an open channel to improve the determination of flow For example a weir is a dam of specific geometry that restricts the flow of water while giving a very repeatable and accur
202. brate the 6136 turbidity probe in a glass beaker and the probe guard is not used ensure that a minimum clearance of 3 0 inches is maintained between the optical face of the turbidity probe and the bottom of the beaker Also the beaker must also be sitting on a black surface so that reflection interference from the bottom of the beaker is minimized Caution Plastic beakers MUST NOT be used during calibration as they will interfere with the calibration results In order to properly calibrate your 6136 turbidity probe you MUST use standards that have been prepared according to the procedures and guidelines listed in Standard Methods for the Treatment of Water and Wastewater section 2130 B Acceptable standards include the following e Formazin prepared per Standard Methods guidelines e Dilutions of 4000 NTU Formazin concentrate purchased from Hach e Hach brand StablCal in various NTU denominations e AMCO AEPA standards prepared specifically for the 6136 turbidity probe and purchased only from YSI Warning Standards purchased from other vendors including AMCO AEPA standards from suppliers other than YSI are not approved for use with the YSI 6136 turbidity probe and their use will likely result in both calibration errors and incorrect field readings YSI Incorporated 7 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 3 2 DEPLOYMENT PREPARATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS It is re
203. bration multiplier Reealibration is recommended every WO years Date of Calibration Januury 23 2001 LI L0f7 4421 Superie Sect PO Bor 4425 e Liisin N wska XM CSA Phont 902 857 3976 PAX K 46 7 2y 1Y Toler 1 R0 487 9576 U S amp Condo Tamil cova enwBooe com Inset hapy wwniesimn To set up your special PAR 6600 follow the steps below in the sonde menu structure Enter the Sensor menu and then press the proper number for ISE3 Then choose PAR1 from the submenu and press Esc to return to the Sensor menu If you have two PAR sensors repeat the process to activate PAR2 for the ISE4 port Sensors Temperature Conductivity ISE5 NONE Dissolved Oxy Turbidity Chlorophyll Battery ISE3 NH4 ISE3 NO3 ISE3 Cl ISE3 PAR1 Select option 0 for previous menu 4 Select option 0 for previous menu 7 After activating the sensors enter the Report menu and make certain that the PAR selections are active as shown below SpCond uS cm Resist Turbid NTU Chl ug L Fluor FS Select option 0 for previous menu 0 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual K 2 PAR Sensor Appendix K Finally if you want to present your PAR data in photon flux density umoles second m enter the Advanced Sensor menu as shown below and enter values for the PAR gain settings after consulting the Certificate of Calibration obtained from Li Cor for each sensor 1 TDS constant 0 65 2 Pr
204. cabrane Wiper is not turning or is not Activate wiper Assure rotation 2 10 2 acne Naeaweseacerisupe Internal failure Return probe for service 8 6 1 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 6 4 Communications Section 7 SECTION 7 COMMUNICATION This section describes the communication protocols that the Sondes use to communicate with the host system Section 7 1 gives a brief overview of the communication ability of the Sondes The remaining sections describe available hardware and software features 7 1 OVERVIEW The sondes communicate via a serial port that can be configured as either a SDI 12 or a 3 wire RS 232 interface The normal mode of operation for the sonde is RS 232 with the following configurations Baud rate 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 Data Bit 8 Parity None Handshake None For further detail into the sondes RS 232 and SDI 12 implementations see Sections 7 3 and 7 4 respectively With these configurations the Sonde is capable of interfacing to a variety of devices from a dumb terminal to numerous data collection platforms 7 2 HARDWARE INTERFACE Connection from the Sonde to the host computer is provided using the YSI 6095B MS 8 to DB 9 female adapter This 6095B then connects to the standard DB 9 male connector on the host computer The Sonde PC interface cable is wired for direct connection to a DTE device The following table defines the interface circuits
205. command should usually be used to activate logging to 650 memory with the sample interval set in the Logging setup menu of the 650 NOTE Logging to sonde memory may not be possible for some older version 600R 600XL and 6820 sondes that were purchased prior to September 1999 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 27 650 MDS 650 Main Menu Sonde run Sonde menu File Legging setup System setup N39 47 328 WES S4131 740 3mm g T 06 04 2000 12 29 40 CE 650 Main Menu Sonde run File Logging setup System setup N39 47 328 W 83 54 131 740 4mm g T 06 04 2000 12 30 41 lt lt Discrete sample Start sampling Section 3 Calibrate File Status System Report Sensor Advances 9 47 328 W 83 54 131 7 40 ammig 06704 2000 12 3L18 I Run setup Discrete sample Sample interval 0 5 File NONAME1 Site W Close file Unattended sample N39 47 328 WES S4131 740 4mnig 06704 2000123226 CEEE N39 47 328 W 83 54 131 740 4MM 06 04 2000 12 31 41 Cm Sample Interval Set in 650 Logging setup menu Sample Interval Set in Sonde Discrete sample menu Sith itis Window one car le Daa De aa Sonde Logging Start logging Start logging Window AIT i me optics 0 13 54 05 56 300ch 22 62 c 6 98pH SpE B7 ORP 0 002 1ps O 2NtTu 0 00sal 0 2 1p0 12 3 0rvolr N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74Lommig 06 01 2000 14 50 43 h
206. commended that the following steps be taken prior to any deployment a Confirm that the RS 232 and SDI 12 autosleep functions are enabled Both functions can be found in the Advanced menu under Setup b Verify that the sonde Report menu has been set up correctly c Verify that the date and time have been properly set d Set up the unattended study to ensure that the battery voltage and available memory are adequate for the desired length of the deployment e Confirm that the sonde is properly logging data by going to the Status menu and making sure that the sonde returns a Logging Active message When conducting a lengthy deployment it is a good idea to have the sonde record some data to memory before the actual deployment takes place This data will be used to confirm that the sonde is logging and to check on the general performance of the probes The best way to do this is to put the sonde into logging mode and then place it in a bucket of fresh or salt water The water should then be saturated with air using an aquarium air stone and pump Typically ideally this test should be run for the duration of the night before the scheduled date of deployment After the test has been run you can check the data for irregularities by accessing the File menu and choosing Quick View File The displayed data will be the last few lines of data recorded by the sonde In the event that there has been a
207. computer and receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio television technician for additional suggestions The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful How to Identify and Resolve Radio TV Interference Problems This booklet is available from the U S Government Printing Office Washington D C 20402 Stock No 0004 000 00345 4 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual B 1 Required Notice Appendix B YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual B 2 Accessories and Calibration Standards APPENDIX C ACCESSORIES AND CALIBRATION STANDARDS Appendix C STANDARD EQUIPMENT WITH YSI SONDES OUWUWULU OU 600R 600QS 600XL 600XLM 600 OMS 6820 6600 or 6920 Sonde with Calibration Cup and Probe Guard EcoWatch for Windows Software Operations Manual Guard for Probe Compartment 6570 Maintenance Kit 600XL 600XLM 6820 6920 6600 and 600 OMS sondes 6583 Maintenance Kit 600R and 600QS 6560 Conductivity Temperature Probe not supplied with the 600R 600QS OR 600 OMS because of integral conductivity sensors PROBES FOR THE SONDES gt OUWUWUUWOKOOOOOOOUD See Appendix M Sonde Specifications for the probes that your sonde supports 6560 Conductivity Temperature Probe 6561 pH Probe 6562 Rapid Pulse DO Probe 6565 Combination pH OR
208. d Then slide the battery lid up and over the bulkhead connector Insert batteries paying special attention to polarity Labeling on the battery compartment posts describes the orientation It is usually easiest to insert the negative end of battery first and then pop the positive terminal into place Figure 34 Check the O ring and sealing surfaces for any contaminants that could interfere with the O ring seal of the battery chamber CAUTION Make sure that there are NO contaminants between the O ring and the sonde Contaminants that are present under the O ring may cause the O ring to leak when the sonde is deployed Lightly lubricate the o ring on the outside of the battery cover DO NOT lubricate the internal o ring SONDE BODY Return the battery lid and tighten by hand NOT SHOWN DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 16 Sondes Section 2 INSTALLING BATTERIES INTO THE YSI 6600 Figure 35 Install 8 C size alkaline batteries according to the following directions and Figure 35 Using the 9 64 hex driver supplied with the 6600 loosen the battery lid screws NOTE The battery lid screws are captive It is not necessary to remove them from the lid completely Remove the battery lid and install the batteries as shown Observe the correct polarity before installing the batteries into the battery chamber CAUTION Be sure the bottom O ring is installed in the
209. d 20 keys including Meter On Off Backlight On Off Enter Escape 10 Number Letter Entry Keys 2 Vertical arrow keys 2 Horizontal arrow keys 1 minus hyphen entry key 1 decimal point period YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 62 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 SECTION 4 ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS 4 1 INTRODUCTION EcoWatch for Windows is intended to be the PC software interface to YSI s 6 Series environmental monitoring systems equipment From EcoWatch you can program field equipment upload data collected on the equipment and format the data in easy to understand graphs and tables 4 1 2 GLOSSARY These are a few of the more commonly used terms used in EcoWatch SB EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT laj xj File Edt View Comm Realtime Graph Setup Appl Window Help Seis BIND fly la hy 2 Aes 7 i SAMPLE DAT ioj xj SAMPLE DAT 4 Graph 1 Data Display Window BBS tse prenn dt 2 Parameter depth EY pH onefmpalmSremp c L 6 Page 3 Trace 5 5 Table i AOE 26 07 0 007 8 05 7 63 190 0 415 0 06 21 1993 14 00 4 25 07 0 007 8 05 7 54 190 0 415 0 a mea e S U Term Definition 1 Data display window The window that appears when you open a DAT file 2 Parameter A measurement such as temperature dissolved oxygen pH etc Ona graph the data of a parameter is displayed as a trace 3 Trace
210. d for the DO sensor Under these conditions the user loses manual control of the DO calibration routine DO will automatically calibrate after the selected time for warm up of the DO sensor has expired In this mode of calibration you do not observe stabilization of the readings in real time but instead will observe a countdown of the warm up period followed by a message indicating that the DO calibration is complete Only the calibration of dissolved oxygen is affected by whether Auto sleep is on or off the user retains manual control of the calibration of all other parameters regardless of the Auto sleep setting Once a particular warm up time in seconds has been utilized in DO calibration the length of that time should not be changed during a study A new calibration should be performed whenever the value of the warm up time is altered From the Main sonde menu select 2 Calibrate The Calibrate menu will be displayed Only the enabled parameters will be available for calibration 1 Conductivity 6 ISE3 NH4 2 Dissolved Oxy 7 ISE4 NO3 3 Pressure Abs 8 ISE5 Cl 4 ISE1 pH 9 Turbidity 5 ISE2 ORP A Chlorophyll Select option 0 for previous menu CONDUCTIVITY Select 1 Conductivity to calibrate the conductivity probe and a second menu will offer you the options of calibrating in specific conductance conductivity or salinity Calibrating any one option automatically calibrates the other two After selecting the option of
211. d with your data file and can be recalled in further by using the File Load Data Display command You can also export your custom data display as a spreadsheet compatible file CDF or TXT or print it to a compatible printer You may also create a custom report format using the File Report command See Figure 49 for the File menu which shows these commands Use the Window s Help function to learn more about these features Figure 50 Saving Exporting Printing and Related Functions YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 56 Sondes Section 2 gt EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT mAai Edit View Comm Real time Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help Sl Open Ctrl 0 e x Sose SAMARREAN Import SAMPLE DAT i Copy to Clipboard Ctrl C Save Data Display Ctrl S wales Telha SA ha Load Data Display Ctrl L anes sran anasa an an Export Report anra sran an aa an an Print Ctrl P rir OIO Print et heey anma sean anaa an an Print ae anma aran anaa an an pata OE O E 1 SAMPLE DAT 062453 062583 062783 06283 210083M02 DAT olen 310083M03 DAT NUM EXAMPLE OF CUSTOMIZING A SUBSET OF SAMPLE DAT To conclude this section we have used a few of the many tools available in EcoWatch to demonstrate how you might use this powerful plotting and reporting program to express study results We encourage you to try some of the tools and learn more about EcoWatch by us
212. data is being logged to internal sonde memory and Autosleep RS232 is activated it is only necessary that the value of Twipe Int be less than that of the sample interval selected for the Unattended study Thus if Twipe Int is set to 1 minute and the Unattended sample interval is set to 15 minutes the sensor will only be cleaned every 15 minutes For this reason if you use your sonde primarily for Unattended monitoring it is recommended that you leave Twipe Int at the default setting of 1 even though this is different from your sample interval As outlined in the manual in sites where fouling is more prevalent it may be necessary to set Turb Wipes to a higher value but a setting of 1 will be adequate for most water After sonde software setup is complete as outlined above attach the sonde to a computer or a 650 MDS and calibrate according to the instructions in the manual and in Question 4 above Then connect the sonde to the data collection platform using the proper cable adapter and begin sampling according to the instruction manual Alternatively deploy the sonde without cable connections after setting the sampling dates times intervals etc as described in the instruction manual YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 7 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E How do I manually activate the turbidity wiper on a 6026 or 6136 when the sonde is sampling If you are using the sonde with a 6
213. dems usually require RTS CTS Modem Setup This is where you enter the settings for your modem Note that you can have several modems each on separate COM ports and each with its own settings If a modem is selected for a particular COM port then every time that port is opened EcoWatch will attempt to initialize a modem on that port If the attempt fails then EcoWatch will open a terminal window and you can communicate to that port with the computer keyboard This can be very helpful in troubleshooting a connection to your modem or in determining exactly which settings work with your modem Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 26 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Communication Settings Modem To setup a particular modem on your first try select that modem from the Modem list The only settings that you can edit are for the Custom modem If your modem does not work select Hayes Compatible modem Those settings are quite common and might work for your modem If neither approach works then you will have to define your own settings You will need the instruction manual for your modem It should list all of the proper settings Choose Custom from the Modem list and enter the settings for your modem The Auto Answer setting is included in the dialog for completeness EcoWatch currently does not use Auto Answer e Copy to Custom The Copy to Custom button is sometimes helpful in defining your own settings If there is a
214. ding to be aborted Normally you should leave this feature off 8 Full SDI12 Enabling this feature forces full SDI 12 specification in order to pass the NR Systems SDI 12 Verifier Disabling this feature will allow the unit to be more fault tolerant and will save some power We recommend that you leave this feature off Select 3 Sensor to display and change user configurable constants as shown in the following display Type the appropriate number to change to these parameters 1 TDS constant 0 65 2 Latitude 40 3 Altitude Ft 0 4 Fixed probe 5 Moving probe 6 DO temp co C 1 1 7 DO warm up sec 40 8 Wait for DO 9 Wipes 1 A Wipe int 1 B SDI12 M wipe 1 C Turb temp co C 0 3 D Turb spike filter E Chl temp co C 0 Select option 0 for previous menu NOTE The number of items on this menu depends greatly on the sensors that are available and enabled on your sonde Below we describe every possible item on this menu Your sonde probably may not have every item described below To edit one of the following menu items choose the number or letter that corresponds to it TDS constant 0 65 This selection allows you to set the constant used to calculate TDS TDS in g L is calculated by multiplying this constant times the specific conductance in mS cm This item will only appear if the conductivity sensor is enabled in the Sensors enabled menu See Section 5 Principles of Operation for more information
215. dity Probe Kit YSI Incorporated 9 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement
216. dity in ambient water surface water groundwater and estuarine near coastal and ocean waters US EPA 2001 Will the turbidity readings from the new 6136 and original 6026 sensors be different Yes Generally the readings will be lower with the new 6136 sensor with the percent difference being slightly greater at high turbidity In the YSI studies on field samples in Southwest Ohio rivers the readings of the 6136 are as much as 35 40 lower with the new sensor As outlined above measurements from the new sensor have been shown to more closely match the readings from the Hach 2100AN If both the 6026 and 6136 sensors meet the key aspects of the ISO 7027 specification then why do they show different readings for suspended solids in environmental water We believe that the small cell volume of the older 6026 sensor design makes the readings more susceptible to the interference effect of large particles while the larger cell volume of the new 6136 sensor design averages out these effects Therefore the readings from the new sensor are almost always less than those from the older sensor As the field turbidity decreases the values from the two types of sensor converge and are very close below 5 NTU YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 3 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E I have a database of turbidity readings that I have obtained for several years using the 6026 IfI now use the new 6136 sensor how do I no
217. dity outputs with those of freshly prepared formazin the latter being the most accepted primary standard for turbidity The polymer standards can be linearly diluted with turbidity free water to generate standards that are lower in value and which can then also be used as calibrants For example diluting 50 mL of 100 NTU standard to a total volume of 500 mL will yield a 10 NTU standard YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 5 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E You can also use formazin as your source for turbidity standards The formazin can be generated by the procedure found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater or it can be purchased from Hach as a 4000 NTU suspension that can be linearly diluted to form lower NTU standards In addition Hach has recently begun to offer formazin turbidity standards in a variety of NTU values under the StablCal designation and these standards may prove useful for the calibration of your YSI turbidity sensor The advantage of the use of formazin is its cost the primary disadvantage is that it is a somewhat hazardous reagent for which care must be taken in handling and disposal In addition formazin settles out much more rapidly than the AMCO AEPA polymer and may be less stable to degradation in dilute form If you use formazin we recommend that you purchase from Hach either the 4000 NTU concentrate and dilute it or the StablCal standards in the proper
218. ds Flow is only available in the Sensors menu on those sondes that have shallow vented level The Flow Setup menu only appears when Flow is enabled in the Sensors menu Note In this manual we describe how to use our sondes to calculate flow from vented level While weirs flumes and the Manning equation are described briefly in this manual it is not a complete treatment of the subject We make no claims on the accuracy or appropriateness of any of these techniques for any particular application WEIR AND FLUME Many devices have been designed for the determination of flow in an open channel For example a weir is a dam of specific geometry that restricts the flow of water while giving a very repeatable and accurate relationship between level and flow There are several varieties of weirs each designed for a specific application Similarly a flume also restricts flow producing a repeatable and accurate flow level curve by forcing the flow not over a dam but through a narrower portion of the channel The flow is gradually narrowed passed through a throat in the channel and then gradually expanded back to the original channel width As with weirs there are several varieties of flumes each designed for a specific application The weir or flume is referred to as the primary measuring device and the level meter is referred to as the secondary measurement device There are commonly 3 types of weirs and 7 types of flumes Most of these are availa
219. dscape Paper Size Select the size of paper that the document is to be printed on Paper Source Some printers offer multiple trays for different paper sources Specify the tray here Options Displays a dialog box where you can make additional choices about printing specific to the type of printer you have selected Network Displays a dialog box that allows you to choose a printer if you are on a network PAGE SETUP Layout options for printable data tables may be specified Page margins table setup page orientation and page order are adjustable Page Setup Hello world Iv Vv Iv E E Vv HEADER FOOTER Page headers and footers can be customized with respect to font and placement Both the header and footer have separate tabs as shown below Once the desired profile is created it can be saved for use every time the particular data file is opened YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 20 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Header Footer ___teftatigned Centered Right Aligned SAMPLE DAT 4 3 2 EDIT The edit menu appears whenever a data file is opened in EcoWatch It allows you to locate format and manage data COPY Copies the selection to the clipboard If a graph or table is active then choosing this command will send its contents to the Windows clipboard so that it can be pasted into other programs This is a normal method of transfer data between different Window progr
220. dure for this calibration is the same as for a 2 point calibration but the software will prompt you to place the sonde in the additional solution to complete the 3 point procedure Be certain that the calibration solution and sensor are thermally equilibrated prior to proceeding with the calibration The recommended order of calibration standards is 1 100 mg L standard at ambient temperature 2 1 mg L standard at ambient temperature and 3 1 mg L standard at a different temperature usually lower than ambient For best results insure a temperature difference of at least 10 C between the two 1 mg L standards NOTE YSI strongly recommends the use of the 3 point protocol to ensure the best possible performance from all ISE sensors ammonium nitrate and chloride NITRATE When selecting 7 ISE4 NO3 you will be given the choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations for your nitrate NO sensor The procedure is identical to that for the ammonium sensor except that the calibrant values are in mg L of NO3 N instead of NH N NOTE YSI strongly recommends the use of the 3 point protocol to ensure the best possible performance from all ISE sensors ammonium nitrate and chloride CHLORIDE When selecting 8 ISE5 CL you will be given the choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations for your chloride Cl sensor The procedure is identical to that for the ammonium sensor except that the calibrant values are in mg L of Cl inste
221. e While the effect of temperature on the turbidity sensor is small this factor is automatically taken into account by the sonde software providing temperature compensated readings Temperature coefficients of 0 3 degree C and 0 6 degree C are automatically activated for the 6026 and 6136 respectively when these sensors are activated in the Sensor menu MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 For best results use only freshly prepared or purchased turbidity standards Degradation of standards can occur on standing particularly formazin prepared from dilution of concentrated suspensions such as Hach 4000 NTU standard 2 If unusually high or jumpy readings are observed during the calibration protocol it is likely that there are bubbles on the optics Manually activating the wiper of the 6026 or 6136 from a computer or 650 MDS keypad removes these bubbles 3 When calibrating the 6136 sensor be aware of the fact that precautions must be taken to avoid interference of the bottom of the calibration vessel Instructions for two methods of calibrating the 6136 sensor are provided in Section 2 6 1 of this manual Unless these precautions are taken field turbidity readings can exhibit an offset of approximately 1 5 NTU For example a field reading of 2 5 NTU would really be 4 0 NTU The offset is not magnified at higher turbidity for example a reading of 100 NTU would really be 101 5 NTU and thus the effect is much more important in wat
222. e Note however that the sensor should be off for at least 5 minutes before initiating a calibration procedure with Autosleep active If possible it is ideal that the sensor be off for a time equal to the sample interval in the upcoming study Remember the Calibration Cup is designed to be air tight and must be loosened if it is used as a calibration chamber See Section 2 6 Calibration for more details Follow the screen prompt and enter the local barometric pressure in mm Hg inches Hg x 25 4 press Enter and the calibration will automatically occur after the warm up time which has been selected by the user default is 40 seconds Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Note that at calibration the DOsat percent air saturation value will reflect the barometer value that was entered For example if a barometric pressure of 720 mm is entered the DOsat value will change to 94 7 720 760 x 100 Note that the parameter DOsat Local is also available for users who prefer to set their percent air saturation value to 100 no matter what barometer value is entered The method of activating this parameter its use and its limitations are described in Appendix J of this manual The key factor to remember however is that no matter which convention DOsat or DOsat Local is selected the mg L value will not be affected For the mg L mode calibration is carried out in
223. e On irradiation with this green light rhodamine WT in the water emits visible light with a higher wavelength than that of the exciting beam i e the rhodamine fluoresces To quantify this fluorescence the system detector is usually a photodiode of high sensitivity that is screened by an optical filter that restricts the detected light The filter minimizes a the exciting light being detected when it is backscattered off of particles in the water and b the interference from other fluorescent species such the chlorophyll in phytoplankton Without the filter turbid cloudy water or water with high levels of phytoplankton would appear to contain rhodamine WT even though none were present The following diagram can be used to better understand the principles of the YSI rhodamine WT system YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 26 Principles of Operation Section 5 Light Source 540 nm Photodetector Optical Filter Optical Fiber Field optical measurements are particularly susceptible to fouling not only from long term build up of biological and chemical debris but also to shorter term formation of bubbles from outgassing of the environmental water These bubbles can generally be removed in short term sampling application by simply agitating the sonde manually However for studies longer than a few hours where the user is not present at the site the quality of the data obtained with a rhodamine WT sensor that has
224. e 100 saturation at 1 atmosphere is 8 915 the DOsat value will be 7 8 915 or 78 5 DO readings for field readings are carried out in exactly the same way find the Table value in mg L which corresponds to the environmental salinity and temperature and divide the environmental DO mg L by it If the user performs a mg L calibration and DOsat Local is active in the Report the software will as noted in above assume that the barometer reading at calibration is the same as that at the last DOsat calibration Thus after the calibration procedure is complete DOsat values calculated as described in 8 above are then multiplied in the software by a factor of 760 BP to yield the corresponding DOsat Local values For example assume that the temperature of the calibration standard is 21 C where air saturation at 760 mm Hg is 8 915 mg L and that the oxygen content of the solution has been determined to be 7 mg L by Winkler titration Assume also that the local barometric pressure was entered as 700 mm at the last DO calibration After the new DO mg L calibration the DO mg L value will be set to 7 00 the DOsat value will be set to 7 8 915 100 78 5 and the DOsat Local will be set to 760 700 78 5 85 2 NOTE As pointed out above it is important to realize that UNLESS THE BAROMETRIC PRESSURE IS KNOWN FOR EVERY DO READING AFTER CALIBRATION the values of DOsat and
225. e 650 Status Bar is the required parameter for this procedure 3 9 2 CALIBRATING THE BAROMETER The 650 barometer is factory calibrated to provide accurate readings in the 500 800 mm Hg range which will be useful for dissolved oxygen calibration at most locations This factory calibration should provide readings that are useful for dissolved oxygen calibration for many months with no user attention However if the user wishes to either increase the accuracy of the sensor in the local barometric pressure range or to compensate for the small drift associated with any sensor the 650 provides a single point calibration routine which is accessed in the 650 System setup menu and is described in Section 3 3 5 above YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 53 650 MDS Section 3 The critical factor in carrying out the single point calibration is the accuracy of the standard barometer that is used to determine the true barometric pressure Common sources of this standard reading are high quality laboratory barometers either mercury based or electronic and data from your local weather service Laboratory barometer readings are usually true uncorrected values of air pressure and can be used as is for a standard as long as the system is known to be accurate Weather service readings are usually not true i e they are corrected to sea level and therefore cannot be used until they are uncorrected An a
226. e 6920 sonde to a 650 After turning on the 650 the user selects Sonde menu from the 650 Main menu and presses Enter to display the Main sonde menu 650 Main Menu HMain Sonde run Calibrate File File Logging setup Status System setup System Report Sensor Advanced N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 6mmHg N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 4mmhg 06 01 2000 17 06 37 05 31 2000 142614 Am The user then selects Run from the sonde Main menu and Discrete sample from the Run menu pressing Enter to confirm each selection Run setup Discrete sample Unattended sample Sample interval 0 5 File Site Open a file N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 5mm e N 00 000 E 0 0 000 740 3mmlig s 06 01 2000 144 06 01 2000 17 12 37 mm To set up the desired study parameters the user uses the 650 keypad to change the Sample interval from 0 5 seconds to 16 seconds and inputs custom file PROFILE1 and site WEST LAKE designations Discrete sample Discrete sample Start sampling Start sampling Sample interval Sample interval 16 File File PROFILE1 Site Site foo Open a file Open a file N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 4mmlg N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 4mmig 06 01 2000 17 16 22 __ 06 01 2000 17 18 28 Emmm The user then highlights Start sampling and lowers the instrument into the water to begin the study The data displayed on the screen is upd
227. e 7 for an example of a properly painted 6136 turbidity probe Figure 7 6136 Turbidity Probe Painted with Anti fouling Paint 6025 CHLOROPHYLL PROBE If a 6025 chlorophyll probe is to be used within your sonde it should be painted by following the same procedure and guidelines described above for the 6136 turbidity probe However please see the warning below Warning DO NOT paint the wiper of the 6025 chlorophyll probe The florescent color of the wiper must be visible to the optics for proper wiper parking YSI Incorporated 6 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 3 DEPLOYMENT INSTRUCTIONS 3 1 CALIBRATION The process of calibration for the 6600EDS sonde is identical to that of YSI s standard 6600 sonde Refer to the YSI 6 Series Manual that was included with your 6600EDS for calibration and software setup instructions Though the 6600EDS will be calibrated in accordance with the directions found in the YSI 6 Series Manual please pay special attention to the 6136 turbidity probe and its new requirements The following precautions are not listed in the YSI 6 Series Manual a ALWAYS remove the wiper brush assembly when doing a turbidity calibration Only the original wiper that came with your 6136 probe should be used for calibrations Otherwise sediment trapped in the brush will likely contaminate your 0 NTU standard when the wiper is activated b If you cali
228. e and setup the sonde First connect your sonde to one of the serial communications ports on your PC In the Comm menu click Sonde and you will get a terminal window where you can calibrate the sonde and set it up for logging You are now communicating directly with the sonde software See Section 2 6 Calibration for more detailed instructions on calibration of sensors See Section 2 5 Sonde Software Setup for sonde setup 2 Deploy the Sonde For more details see Section 2 Sondes and Section 3 Displays Loggers 3 Retrieve the Sonde and Upload the Data After retrieving the sonde connect it to your PC and upload the data As with calibration and setup you can use the Sonde button in EcoWatch to communicate with the sonde Using the sonde menu upload the data to EcoWatch The data will now be ina DAT file on your PC 4 Graph the Data and Adjust the Graphs to Your Liking Open the newly uploaded DAT file In this example the file is called JONES2 DAT Upon opening the file it looks like the graphic at the end of this tutorial You can then use the commands in the Graph menu to Zoom to the portion of the graph that you are most interested in You can use the Setup menu to add a title or change colors scale the graphs or select the parameters to be shown YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 5 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 JONES2 DAT 3 8 8 15 34 15 16 14 58 14 40 06794 06126194 07405794 07494 Time M
229. e and the instrument is collecting data in the SDI 12 communication mode the wiper mechanism of the probe should be activated automatically in a periodic manner to clean the optical surface for fouling and bubbles The value entered at this selection is the number of YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 90 Sondes Section 2 minutes between each automatic cleaning cycle Thus if Wipe Int is set to 5 and the instrument is in the Run mode the wiper will activate every 5 minutes with no manual input This item will only appear if a turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu The value of Wipe Int is sometimes overridden when the instrument is set up in the Unattended sampling mode Under these conditions the wiper will be automatically activated at the interval assigned in the Unattended setup rather than that assigned in Wipe Int Thus in an Unattended study setup at a 15 minute sampling interval the wiper will be activated only once every 15 minutes rather than at the indicated Wipe Int of 1 minute CAUTION If Wipe Int is set to zero then no wiping will occur either in Discrete or Unattended Sampling Make certain that Wipe Int is set to some finite value prior to setting up an Unattended study or no automatic cleaning will occur SDI12 M Wipe 1 This is the number of wiping cycles when the sonde is in SDI12 mode The wiper for the 6026 and 6136 turbidity 6025 chlorophyll and 61
230. e are bubbles on the optics The surface should be cleaned by manually activating the wiper before confirming the calibration 3 The output of the YSI fluorescence sensor is susceptible not only to the overall phytoplankton concentration in the environmental medium but also to the size and rate of movement of the suspended particles that pass across the optics on the probe face Thus although the phytoplankton content of an environmental sample may appear to the eye to be relatively stable the displayed chlorophyll reading YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 25 Principles of Operation Section 5 can vary significantly depending on the nature of the particles in the optical path at the instant of measurement In a discrete sample study of environmental water for example the variability of the output can be significant This apparent jumpiness is not observed in dye standards since these are homogeneous solutions containing no suspended matter 4 The sonde chlorophyll system allows the user to apply a mathematical filter to the raw data so that the sensor output may be more representative of the average phytoplankton content of the environmental sample From the 8 Advanced menu of the sonde software the user can activate the data filter and adjust its performance For typical sampling and monitoring applications YSI recommends that the Data Filter settings for chlorophyll be selected as follows Enabled On Wait for
231. e as when you saved it This saved display is associated with the data file Up to 9 data displays can be saved per data file When you save a display you will be asked to give it a name in the following dialog box Save Data Display default empty empty empty empty empty gt empty empty There must be an open data file for this command to be available See also Load Data Display Shortcuts Keys CTRL S LOAD DATA DISPLAY This command is only available when a data file is open If you have previously used the Save Data Display command for the open data file then you can load the saved display and have it look exactly the same as when you saved it Saved displays are associated with the data file You can have as many as nine saved displays for each data file When loading a display you will be asked to choose from among the names of saved displays YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 15 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Load Data Display defaut 1 default HPNA EXPORT Use this command to send the current data to a file Typically some other program will read the file You will see the following dialog box File Export SAMPLE cdf qe E ecowwin amp data You may export the file in either of two forms a WMF file or a CDF file WMF stands for Windows MetaFile and is a format that describes any image in a
232. e constant as shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 92 Sondes Section 2 Choosing 4 Threshold will display the following 1 Turbid 0 01 Zee Cins BE Oeics 0 O0 Select option 0 for previous menu Setting thresholds is done in the same manner Recommended threshold settings are 0 01 for turbidity 1 0 for chlorophyll 1 0 for rhodamine WT and 0 001 for other The following descriptions provide additional information about the Data Filter feature 1 Enabled Activating this item will result in data filtering according to the values set in 2 3 and 4 2 Wait for filter If this feature is activated readings will be available for output only after the unit has warmed up for a time period equal to the Time Constant plus an extra 4 seconds This feature is useful for example if you are operating in SDI12 mode and want to average the data over a particular period of time In such a case you would not want the filter to be engaging and disengaging so the value of the Threshold should be set to a large value like 1 This feature should not be activated for normal use of the sonde 3 Time Constant This value is the time constant in seconds for the software data filter Increasing the time constant will result in greater filtering of the data but will also slow down the apparent response of the sensors 4 Threshold This value determines when the software data filter will engage di
233. e erroneously high relative to the in vivo chlorophyll data from the YSI 6025 For surface sampling you can minimize this effect greatly by placing the sealed bottle a foot or more below the water surface and only then removing the cap and allowing the container to fill The cap should then be reinstalled before removing the bottle from the water A better technique is to acquire commercially YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 5 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I available water sampling devices that are designed specifically to acquire a representative sample at a particular depth You should also take precautions to stabilize your samples for transport back to the laboratory The samples should be kept cool and in the dark e g in an ice chest until the analytical procedure has begun Some users prefer to filter the sample in the field and keep the filter pads on ice in the dark during transport Question 13 My environmental sites have a lot of visible floating algae but my YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensor shows very low readings What is causing this paradox The YSI 6025 is not designed to measure macroscopic algal or plant material that floats on the surface Rather it measures the fluorescence from the microscopic phytoplankton that is suspended below the surface of the water It is fairly common to see mats of floating algae on environmental water that has low subsurface phytoplankton concentrations
234. e installation AMMONIUM OR NITRATE PROBE NOTE The ion selective membranes are fragile Be certain to 1 Use only moist high quality lens cleaning tissue for the cleaning procedure not paper towels or other coarse materials and 2 Stroke the probe face very gently with the tissue during the procedure If you do not adhere to these instructions you can seriously damage the sensors OPTICAL PROBES 6026 AND 6136 TURBIDITY 6025 CHLOROPHYLL 6130 RHODAMINE WT The 6026 6136 6025 and 6130 probes require only minimal maintenance After each deployment the optical surface on the tip of the turbidity probe should be inspected for fouling and cleaned if necessary by gently wiping WIPING the probe face with moist lens cleaning paper In addition for ERE TICAL PROBE the 6025 6026 6136 and 6130 probes we recommended 7 replacing the wiper periodically The frequency of this replacement depends on the quality of water under examination A replacement wiper is supplied with the probes along with the small hex driver required for its removal and reinstallation Follow the instructions supplied with the probe to ensure proper installation of the new wiper assembly Additional wipers are available from YSI 2 10 3 SONDE STORAGE NON WIPING TURBIDITY PROBE Since the introduction of the YSI Environmental Monitoring Systems EMS product line several years ago YSI has learned a great deal about storage protocols which will maximi
235. e located in the C ECOWWIN DATA subdirectory of your PC hard drive 3 6 4 VIEW FILE The View file selection in the 650 File menu allows the user to examine the data in files logged or uploaded to 650 memory Highlight the View file selection and press Enter to display a list of files present Then highlight the file of interest and press Enter to view the data on the 650 display 650 File _ Filename Samples Bytes Directory PROFILEI dat 179 9047 Upload to PC DEPLOY1 dat 8 668 File memory Delete all files N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 1mmhg N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 0mmAg T 06 06 2000 17 56 23 mm 07 12 200107 16 17 FE PROFILE1L Date Time Cond n d y imm ss ms fom 06 04 2000 745 227 06 04 2000 745228 06 04 2000 245229 06 04 2000 245 230 06 04 2000 245231 06 04 2000 06 04 2000 06 04 2000 06 04 2000 003 003 003 003 003 003 003 003 003 E E m E m E m E m E m E n E m N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Taa nak 06 05 2000 18 26 59 E YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 49 650 MDS Section 3 Use the arrow keys to scroll vertically to view more data points with regard to time or horizontally to view more sensor data within a particular data entry The vertical and horizontal scroll bars identify your location within the data file 3 6 5 FILE MEMORY The File memory selection in the 650 File me
236. e logged to memory and the following message will be displayed LOG is ON hit 2 to turn it OFF 3 Clean optics Press 2 again to terminate logging By entering 3 Clean optics if your unit has an optical turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT probe the wiper will clean the optical surface The 3 Clean optics portion of the prompt will only appear if an optical probe was installed and enabled Select Esc or press 0 to exit discrete sampling UNATTENDED SAMPLING Select 2 Unattended Sampling from the Run menu The Unattended sample menu will be displayed Use the following example to understand the unattended sampling option Example You are going to deploy the sonde for 2 weeks collecting a set of readings every 15 minutes You start at 6 00 PM on July 17 1996 and end the sampling at 6 00 PM on July 31 1996 The site is Clear Lake near the spillway and you want to log all of the readings to a single file CLRLAKE3 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 41 Sondes Section 2 SSS SSS SsSoss Unattended setup 1 Interval 00 15 00 2 Start date 07 17 96 3 Start time 18 00 00 4 Duration days 365 5 File 6 Site 7 Bat volts 11 6 8 Bat life 25 1 days 9 Free mem 41 3 days A 1lst sample in 8 10 minutes B View params to log C Start logging Follow the prompts on this screen to prepare your 600XLM 6600 6920 or 600 OMS battery version sonde for unattended deployment as described below To
237. e menu structure of your 6 series sonde software so that you can perform custom setup in the same way that would be possible if the sonde were attached to a PC 650 Main Menu Sonde run File Logging setup System setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 za sai 06 01 2000 17 06 37 Pm From the 650 Main Menu select Sonde menu and press Enter A display similar depending on sonde type and sonde software version to that shown below will appear Run Calibrate File Status System Report Sensor Advanced N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 Amig 05 31 2000 14 2L14 x Sonde Icon Note that the icon in the lower right of the screen has changed from meter to sonde indicating that the menu shown originates in the 6 series sonde Note also that the 650 display has been designed to be very similar to that presented on a monitor when a 6 series sonde is attached to a PC as shown below 2 Calibrate 3 File 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 21 650 MDS Section 3 In fact the only significant difference between the two interfaces is that for the PC mode submenus are accessed by entering the number associated with the specific item while for the 650 mode the user must use the arrow keys to highlight the item and press the Enter key to activate it Thus the description of the 6 series sonde menu structure and function w
238. e percent saturation DO and concentration DO mg L values are related calibration by either method results in correct outputs in both units If the mg L method is selected from the sonde Calibrate menu the oxygen concentration of an aqueous solution may be determined by several methods YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 7 Principles of Operation Section 5 Winkler titration Q Aerating the solution and assuming that it is saturated or Q Measurement with another instrument If this calibration method is employed place the sonde into this known value solution and wait 5 10 minutes for equilibration to occur Then input the value in mg L into the sonde software and begin the calibration protocol according to the instructions The calibration will occur automatically at the end of the specified warm up time If the Percent Saturation method is selected the sonde is simply placed in a calibration cup that contains a small quantity of water or a damp sponge The probe sensor should not be in the water for this calibration procedure The sonde should be left under these conditions for 10 15 minutes to allow temperature and humidity equilibration to occur Then input the true barometric pressure into the sonde software and begin the calibration protocol according to the instructions The calibration will occur automatically at the end of the specified warm up time NOTE Remember that control of the calibratio
239. e sonde and probes from the previous field usage Discard the water rinse the sonde and replace in new 0 NTU standard After agitation check the reading to see if it has been reduced If so proceed with the second calibration point If not contact YSI Customer Service for further assistance Ifa calibration error occurs on the second point use a new source of standard and try again If an error still occurs contact YSI Customer Service for further assistance You might observe slightly negative readings in very clear water This effect is usually due to one of two causes 1 The zero turbidity standard which you have used is not really 0 NTU because of inadvertent contamination This contamination usually occurs when the fouling from a sonde just taken from the field contaminates the turbidity free water used for the zero point To overcome the problem be sure to clean the sonde as well as possible prior to recalibration of the turbidity sensor and then assure that the zero reading is as low as possible by changing the turbidity free water until no further lowering of the reading is noted This advice applies to both the 6026 and 6136 turbidity sensors 2 For a 6136 turbidity sensor only the probe is experiencing interference from the calibration cup bottom during the zero point calibration This interference can due to a improperly using a YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 8 Turbid
240. e the pointer to the far left of the table into the row numbers area and highlight from the desired cutoff point to the beginning or end of the data set whichever is desired Then select the Limit Data Set option from the graph menu or use the toolbar shortcut To undo the limits choose Cancel Limits below Alternately you may remove the limits on a graph by executing this command backwards That is click anywhere on the right side of the graph first and then click anywhere on the left side The limits will be moved to the ends of the file Shortcuts Toolbar AUTOSCALE Sets the scale of each parameter so that the minimum and maximum points fit comfortably on the graph YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 32 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 MANUAL SCALE Takes you to the Graph Y Axis dialog box where you can set the scale for each parameter Graph Y axis dialog box To manually scale a graph double click on its Y axis labels A dialog will come up where you can set the scale Note that you can manually set the scale for some parameters and autoscale others When the autoscale box is checked the high and low limits will be dimmed See also the Autoscale command in the Graph menu Graph Y Axis REDRAW If part of a graph is not displayed it could be because your window is sized too small to display it or because you have just returned to EcoWatch from some other application Maximizing the window
241. e upgrade is complete your software version viewed from the EcoWatch toolbar entry Help About EcoWatch should be 3 13 00 or higher If you encounter difficulties in the upgrade procedures contact YSI Customer Service for advice After reading the above sections and participating in the simple examples provided you should be familiar with the basics of battery installation keypad and display function and keypad data entry Please proceed to Section 3 3 where the setup of your 650 is described in detail 3 3 SETTING UP THE 650 The 650 has a number of features which are user selectable or which can be configured to meet the user s preferences Most of these choices and selections are found in the System setup selection in the Main 650 Menu To explore the various setup possibilities of the 650 turn the instrument on select System setup and press Enter The following display will appear The second display can be observed by scrolling to the bottom of the System setup entries with the down arrow YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 18 650 MDS Section 3 System setup System setup Version 1 07 06 21 2001 MPower sonde Date amp time Baud rate to sonde 600 MPower sonde Shut off time minutes 0 Baud rate to sonde 9600 Li omma radix Shut off time minutes 0 ID SI 650 Ocomma radix Circuit board SN 00006011 ID iIe Barometer units Circuit board SN 00006011 Calibrate barometer N
242. each sonde Dissolved Oxygen Conductivity Specific Conductance Salinity Total Dissolved Solids Resistivity Temperature pH ORP Depth Level Flow Turbidity Nitrate N Ammonia N Ammonium N Chloride Chlorophyll Rhodamine WT This section is designed to quickly familiarize you with the hardware and software components of the sondes and their accessories You will then proceed to probe installations cable connections software installation and finally basic communication with your Sonde Diagrams menu flow charts and basic written instructions will guide you through basic hardware and software setup YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 1 Sondes Section 2 2 2 CONNECTING YOUR SONDE There are a number of ways in which you may connect the sondes to various computers data collection devices and VT 100 terminal emulators To utilize the configuration that will work best for your application make sure that you have all of the components that are necessary The following list and diagrams Figures 1 4 are a few possible configurations Sonde to Lab Computer recommended for initial setup Sonde to Data Collection Platform Sonde to Portable Computer Sonde to YSI 650 MDS Display Logger Oooo Figure 1 Sonde to Lab Computer DB 9 Power Supply Gf 6037 220 VAC 6038 110 VAC MS 8 LZ Field Cable You will
243. easily solved by the user from those which involve sensor malfunction and must be dealt with by YSI Customer Service and Product Repair This section is intended to pass this experience along to the user You might see calibration errors This problem could be due to bubbles on the optical surface contamination of your 0 NTU standard or a higher calibration standard which has not been prepared properly or has been contaminated or diluted inadvertently The problem could also be due to an internal malfunction of the probe optical system To troubleshoot the problem do not override the cal error return to the Main menu and activate data acquisition in the Run mode Remove the sonde guard and place your thumb or finger over the optics of the probe while observing the data display A high gt 1000 NTU reading should be observed if the probe is responding correctly from an optical standpoint If no response is noted the probe must be returned to YSI Customer Service for repair or replacement CAUTION DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DISASSEMBLE THE PROBE YOURSELF If the probe is functioning properly replace the probe guard and place the sonde back into 0 NTU water Activate the wiper manually and enter the calibration routine of choice 1 2 or 3 point from the Calibrate menu Observe the readings for the 0 NTU standard If values higher than about 5 NTU are observed it is possible that your 0 NTU standard has been contaminated from debris that was retained on th
244. ecting a Subset of Data within a Graph M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT lolx File Edit View Comm Real time ERGI Setup 6200 Appl Window Help le Zoom In x Arie zoom wut Unzoom Zoom Window Center Scroll Limit Dat i Domena s gt Autoscale Manual Scale COOOOO N wee PAO ONAMO Redraw Gance limits PONOSU ohi C DDR pH 0ConcimePCOnd MSA Temp C BZ 7 98 16 154 Hib S PORED 2717 NAAA 172A nne nann 206 4 a ti g 1606 148 0 aX Ian 2717 NRA TARR nn1a nann E i Z 34 a 43 9Nn 279 17 NARA 1 28 nna nann 06 21 1993 06 22 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 06 27 1993 06 28 1993 DateTime M D Y NUM Limit graph data set eliminate first and last part of the study YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 55 Sondes Section 2 Figure 48 Using Limit Data Set to Display a Subset of Data M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT MEE Eile Edit View Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help e x sikl 2 BIND ENEH NEWN ees 2 SAMPLE DAT s Hy 2 262 S Z 2334 E 206 zi Iran 2717 NRSA 183A M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT BE g aH 1 File Edit View Comm ReaMime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help le T a Z g7 01 r r WIE 2 vli z 2 han 2717 nA TSAR cg KERN BS BW ee eeisi M 112 i EA AAAA SAMPLE DAT D S9 K 221U 4g ____ r ray 2 jaan 2717 ARAA TAAR 2014 24
245. ector of the power supply into the barrel of the adapter cable and finally plug the power supply into an appropriate AC power outlet The pack can be recharged with the 650 either on or off However if the instrument is on the progress of the charging operation can be viewed in the Status Bar see Section 3 2 10 below To ensure that you get maximum operational time from the rechargeable battery pack the user should follow the procedures below 1 Place your display logger on charge for approximately 2 hours to obtain an 80 90 regeneration of battery capacity 2 Place your display logger on charge for approximately 6 hours to get a full charge 3 Do not charge the batteries continuously for more than 48 hours 4 For long term storage keep your battery pack between the temperatures of 20 C and 30 C and remove it from the 650 case Do not charge your batteries at temperatures below 0 C or above 40 C 6 Do not use or store the battery pack at high temperature such as in strong direct sunlight in cars during hot weather or directly in front of heaters n If the above steps are not followed it may result in a decrease in the operational lifetime of your battery pack In addition pay particular attention to the method of long term storage of the battery pack as is outlined in the following warning CAUTION If the battery pack 650 will not be used for extended periods of time the user should remove the batte
246. ed for any instrument probe or other device that has been used near any radioactive source If an instrument probe or other part is returned or presented for service without a Cleaning Certificate and if in our opinion it represents a potential biological or radioactive hazard our service personnel reserve the right to withhold service until appropriate cleaning decontamination and certification has been completed We will contact the sender for instructions as to the disposition of the equipment Disposition costs will be the responsibility of the sender When service is required either at the user s facility or at YSI the following steps must be taken to insure the safety of our service personnel Ina manner appropriate to each device decontaminate all exposed surfaces including any containers 70 isopropyl alcohol or a solution of 1 4 cup bleach to 1 gallon tap water are suitable for most disinfecting Instruments used with wastewater may be disinfected with 5 Lysol if this is more convenient to the user The user shall take normal precautions to prevent radioactive contamination and must use appropriate decontamination procedures should exposure occur YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 8 2 Warranty and Service Information Section 8 If exposure has occurred the customer must certify that decontamination has been accomplished and that no radioactivity is detectable by survey equipment
247. educed In addition the low memory option will also allow the user to upload small files to the 650 that have been logged to the internal memory of sondes during Discrete or Unattended sampling studies The high memory option 1 5 mB of the 650 is designed for users who log large files directly to the 650 or who wish to upload large or many files to the 650 from the internal memory of sondes which have been used YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 2 650 MDS Section 3 to log data in Discrete or Unattended sampling applications For example with the high memory option it would be possible to easily upload the data from 7 sondes each of which have data files in excess of 200 kB or approximately 75 days at a 15 minute Unattended sampling interval No matter which memory option has been selected it is important to understand that the memory resident in the 650 is Flash the same type of memory present in YSI 6 series sondes Flash memory requires no battery backup and therefore stored data cannot be lost due to instrument malfunction a significant advantage However it is not possible to erase individual files from flash memory to free up memory the user must erase or format the entire memory chip From a practical point of view this means that while named files which are already present in the 650 memory can be overwritten during multiple uploads the previously written files still occupy space in
248. ef connector nut to close the connector s opening For all of the sondes the other end of the cable is a military style 8 pin connector MS 8 Through use of a YSI 6095B MS 8 to DB 9 adapter the sonde may be connected to a computer for setup calibration real time measurement and uploading files This MS 8 connector also plugs directly into the 650 MDS display logger This instrument contains a microcomputer that allows it to be used in a similar manner to that of a terminal interface to a PC YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 18 Sondes Section 2 As an alternative to the field cable you may use a YSI 6067B calibration cable for laboratory interaction with the sonde In this case simply plug the proper end of the cable into the sonde connector and attach the DB 9 connector of the cable to the Com port of your computer CAUTION The 6067B cable is for laboratory use only it is not waterproof and should not be submersed Sondes that are equipped with level sensors use vented cables See Appendix G Using Vented Level for detailed information YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 19 Sondes Section 2 2 4 ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS GETTING STARTED This section will describe how to get started with EcoWatch for Windows but detailed information is provided in Section 4 EcoWatch for Windows or a convenient Windows Help section that is part of the software It is recommended that you t
249. efore you exit this screen it may change since this triggers the Status screen to update information Note that no battery information will appear for the 600R 600QS 600XL 6820 and 600 OMS nonbattery version sondes e 7 Logging provides one of two messages active or inactive indicating whether your sonde is in the unattended logging mode This logging status indicator is not relevant to logging in the discrete mode since there is no way to enter the Status screen without stopping discrete logging Press 0 or Esc to exit the Status screen and return to Main menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 80 Sondes Section 2 2 9 5 SYSTEM Select 5 System from the Sonde Main menu to set the date and time customize the sonde communication protocol adjust how information appears on the screen and enter an instrument identification number and a GLP file designation 1 Date amp time 2 Comm setup 3 Page length 25 4 Instrument ID YSI Sonde 5 Circuit board SN 00003001 6 GLP filename 00003001 7 SDI 12 address 0 8 English 9 Fran ais A Deutsch Select option 0 for previous menu Select Date amp time Date amp time setup m d y 4 4 digit year d m y 5 Date 08 11 98 6 Time 11 12 30 Select option 0 for previous menu Press 4 and 5 to activate the date and time functions Pay particular attention to the date format that you have chosen when entering date Use the 2
250. elect functions by typing their corresponding numbers You do not need to press Enter after choosing a selection Type the 0 or Esc key to return to the previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 21 Sondes Section 2 Sonde Main Menu 2 Calibrate 3 File 7 Sensor 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option 0 for previous menu Figure 40 Sonde Menu Flow Chart SONDE MENU FLOW CHART Sonde 1 Conductivity 2 DO 1 Discrete sample 2 Unattended sample 3 DO mg L 4 Others 1 Directory Date and Time 2 Upload Battery Voltage 3 Quick Upload 4 View File 5 Quick View File 6 Delete All Files Available Memory 1 Date amp Time Logging Status 2 Comm Setup 3 Page Length 1 Date 4 Instrument ID 2 Time 7 Test Memory 5 SDI 12 Address 3 Temp C 4 _ Temp F y MORE y 1 Temp 2 Cond 1 Cal Constants 3 DO ule Setup 4 ISE1 pH 3 Sensor y MORE y 4 Data Filter Advanced YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 22 Sondes Section 2 SYSTEM SETUP At the Main menu select System The System Setup menu will be displayed System Setup Menu
251. elete individual files from flash memory Highlight the selection and press Enter Use the arrow keys to confirm that you really want to delete all files and press Enter CAUTION When you use this command all data currently stored in the 650 memory will be irretrievably lost so make certain that you have transferred all files of interest to your PC before carrying out the procedure Note however that use of the Delete all files command will have no effect on any Site Designations which have been entered from the Edit site list selection YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 50 650 MDS Section 3 3 7 UPLOADING DATA FROM SONDES 3 7 1 INTRODUCTION A primary function of the 650 is to serve as an intermediate location for transfer of data stored in deployed 6 series sondes to a PC without bringing the sondes back to the base facility In this application the user connects the 650 to the sonde at the deployment site via a standard YSI field cable and using the proper keypad commands transfers the data stored in the sonde to the memory of the 650 The sonde is then redeployed without disturbing the study and the data transferred to a PC on return to the base facility 3 7 2 UPLOAD PROCEDURE After attachment of the sonde to the 650 with a YSI field cable turn on the 650 highlight the Sonde menu selection and press Enter to display the Main sonde menu Highlight the File selection and press Enter NOTE The upload
252. ember that the typical accuracy specification for the sensor 10 of the reading or 2 mg L whichever is larger refers to sampling applications where only minimal time has elapsed between calibration and field use CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The nitrate sensor should be calibrated using solutions of known nitrate nitrogen content according to the procedures detailed in Sections 2 6 1 and 2 9 2 If a two point calibration protocol is used the temperature of the standards should be as close as possible to that of the environmental medium to be monitored The recommended calibration procedure is one involving three solutions Two of the solutions should be at ambient temperature while the third should be at least 10 degrees Celsius different from ambient temperature This protocol minimizes the effects of taking readings at temperatures that are significantly different from ambient laboratory temperatures MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 The temperature response of ion selective electrodes is not as predictable as that of pH sensors Therefore be sure to carry out a 3 point calibration the first time you use the probe This will provide a default setting for the effect of temperature on your particular sensor After this initial calibration you can use the less time consuming 2 point and 1 point routines to update the 3 point calibration However we strongly recommend a new 3 point calibration after each deployment of 30 d
253. ems equipped with a replaceable reference electrode module remove the reference module store it as described below and plug the open port with the port plug that was provided Make certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Fill the provided storage vessel with a solution which is 2 molar 2 M in potassium chloride KCI insert the sonde and seal the vessel with the cap and O ring This solution can be prepared by dissolving 74 6 g of KCI in 500 mL approximately 1 pint of water or 37 3 g of KCl in 250 mL approximately 0 5 pint of water The water should be distilled or deionized If KCI solution is unavailable it is acceptable to store the dissolved oxygen and pH glass sensors in tap water Do not use deionized or distilled water in this case as it may damage the pH glass sensor which must remain in the sonde At the end of the storage time remove the existing membrane and re membrane the probe using new electrolyte e For 600 systems equipped with a combination pH probe purchased prior to 1996 none of the probes are user replaceable and a different storage technique is required Make certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Fill the provided storage vessel with a solution which is 2 molar 2 M in potassium chloride KCI to a level that completely covers the dissolved oxygen and pH probes Seal the vessel with the cap and O ring At the end
254. end of the desiccant cartridge Seat firmly 4 Remove the plug from the barbed fitting on the end of the cable and place the open end of the 1 8 tubing onto the cable fitting Seat firmly 5 Slide the sleeve web over the end of the cable and the bail Work the sleeve web down the cable and over the cartridge taking care not to unplug the hose that connects the cartridge to the cable Optional Using one of the tie wraps secure the hose to the cable taking care not to close off the hose The vent end of the cartridge should remain plugged until the sonde is ready for use When putting the sonde into service remove the plug to ensure that the sensor in the sonde is vented to the atmosphere INSTALLING THE CANISTER KIT 1 Remove the 1 8 NPT plugs from the stainless steel 1 8 Hose fittings on the canister 2 Install the 1 8 NPT to 1 8 hose fittings into the stainless steel fittings located on the side of the desiccant canister CAUTION Do not over tighten 3 Place the plugs over the fittings on the canister until you are ready to use the canister Top View Mounting 4 Using suitable screws fasten the canister mounting Fitting Bracket brackets to an appropriate support structure The spacing between the brackets must accommodate the length of the canister The canister must be located within a few feet of the cable end 5 Remove the plug from t
255. ens on top of the table or graph similar to what is shown in Figure 43 Only one of these windows may open at one time To continue you must close the Statistics or Study window to return to the graph or table and activate the top line menu again As before practice viewing the functions mentioned above to gain more familiarity with these features YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 51 Sondes Section 2 Figure 44 Statistics and Study Information SP EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT olx File Edit W Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help l f v Toolbar Eeee ssr YRIUIMEEI 22s v 4Digit Year Graph 7 Table aE 0 007 8 04 744 Grd 25 07 0 007 8 05 TIS Merker 25 07 0 007 8 05 7 54 SE NF A ANT ono FEA ae Statistic Study Info 655 Samples From 06 21 1993 13 30 45 To 06 28 1993 09 00 45 zoomi zoomi Our Onza Min Max Mean Std 06 21 1993 15 45 45 Temp C 16 53 27 07 19 82 1 779 06 21 1993 16 00 45 SpCond mS cm 0 01 0 82 0 75 0 164 06 21 1993 16 15 45 DO Conc ma L pe pir pa ra 06 21 1993 16 30 45 pr 7 14 6 214 S E O6 21 1 Instrument Sample 06 21719 06 21718 Model e000 Total samples e55 O6 21 1 poe ID lt None gt First sample 06721793 13 30 45 aE Show statistic o1 Revision 1 04 Last sample 06 28 93 09 00 45 Parameters Logging Site Name srus15n2 Rate
256. ensor or to a calibration solution that is out of specification If this error message is encountered first insure that your standards for pH ORP ammonium nitrate chloride conductivity and turbidity have not been contaminated and that your DO sensor is in air DO Cal or in a solution of known dissolved oxygen concentration DO mg L Also be certain that you have entered the correct value for the calibration solution If the calibration error message continues to occur contact YSI Customer Service to determine whether the sensor in question needs to be factory serviced or replaced Illegal Entry This message simply indicates that your keyboard input does not conform to the accepted format for this parameter For example you may have entered the letter O instead of zero for a calibration value Return to the desired parameter in the Calibrate menu and repeat the calibration entry being certain to enter only numbers The following troubleshooting tables can help you if you encounter problems with software communication protocol or sensor malfunctions other than calibration errors YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 6 1 Troubleshooting Section 6 6 2 SONDE COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION Cannot communicate Sonde not powered Check 12 vdc source connectors Damaged connectors Check pins at both ends insure D a _ Com port not selected Change to other com port other 2 4 3 p
257. ent by reanalyzing the dye solution after sonde recovery The use of the 2 point dye calibration procedure may make it easier to quantify the predeployment dye value and if so may be preferable Remember however that no real enhancement of sensor accuracy is attained by using the dye as a calibrant Question 6 Will the chlorophyll values determined in vivo with the YSI 6025 be reportable for compliance purposes Probably not Because of the limitations on the method outlined above and in the Section 5 Principles of Operation there is always inaccuracy in the in vivo method It might be possible to work with a particular YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 3 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I regulatory agency to develop specific correlation protocols between in vivo and laboratory determined chlorophyll values for a particular site but generation of this methodology is left to the user Question 7 I have seen molecular chlorophyll standards advertised Can these be used to calibrate the YSI 6025 sensor Probably not The standards are usually only soluble in organic solvents such as acetone that would cause serious damage to the materials used in the YSI 6025 probe Even if molecular chlorophyll standards that are soluble in aqueous media were available their fluorescence is not likely to emulate in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence any better than the dye standard described above Caution Do not expo
258. eometry of the sensor is novel consisting of a thin linear gold cathode placed between two silver rectangles which serve as anode and reference electrodes These sensor changes were required to implement the new Rapid Pulse method for DO measurement as described in the following section YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 6 Principles of Operation Section 5 METHOD OF OPERATION Standard Clark dissolved oxygen sensors which are marketed by YSI and other manufacturers are continuously polarized at a voltage sufficiently negative to cause oxygen to be reduced to hydroxide ion at the cathode and silver metal to be oxidized to silver chloride at the anode The oxygen diffuses through the Teflon membrane The current associated with this process is proportional to the oxygen present in the solution outside the membrane However as this electrochemical reaction proceeds oxygen is consumed or depleted in the medium resulting in a decrease in measured current and apparent oxygen content if the external solution is not stirred rapidly To minimize this oxygen depletion the probe electrodes in the YSI Rapid Pulse system are rapidly and reproducibly polarized on and depolarized off during a measurement sequence The Rapid Pulse system thus measures the charge or coulombs current summed over a specific time period associated with the reduction of oxygen during a carefully controlled time interval The coulombs due to chargin
259. er of low turbidity 4 The output of turbidity sensors is susceptible not only to the overall cloudiness of the environmental medium but also to the particle size of the suspended solids which pass across the optics on the probe face Thus although the turbidity of an environmental sample may appear to the eye to be relatively stable the displayed turbidity can vary significantly depending on the nature of the particles in the optical path at the instant of measurement For example if individual readings are taken every 4 seconds in a discrete sample study of environmental water variations of 0 5 1 0 NTU are common between readings In long term unattended studies this effect can be even more exaggerated with spikes of up to 10 NTU sometimes observed This apparent jumpiness is not observed for freshly prepared turbidity standards since the particle size in these suspensions is homogeneous The sonde turbidity system allows the user to either observe these real turbidity events while obtaining somewhat jumpy readings or to apply a mathematical filter to the raw data so that the NTU output may be more reflective of the overall cloudiness of the environmental sample From the Advanced Data Filter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 16 Principles of Operation Section 5 menu of the sonde software the user can activate the data filter that is specific to turbidity and fine tune its performance For typical sampli
260. eral items that must be activated in the Report setup so they will be available from the file after upload These special parameters are DO Chg DOSat Local pH mV NH4 mV NO3 mV Cl mV Fluorescence FS PAR1 and PAR2 If you want to log any of these parameters to your data file be certain that they are active in the Report setup before you begin the unattended study After making the above entries the sonde software will automatically estimate the expected battery life and the time it will take for the sonde memory to be filled This information is displayed on the screen for your consideration as items 9 and A If the battery life or the free memory capacity will be exceeded sooner than the duration you may want to make some changes to the entries For example you can free up memory in the sonde by uploading all existing files from the sonde memory to your PC and then deleting them from the sonde see 3 File from Main Menu You may want to change the batteries for longer battery life You can lengthen the sampling interval to extend both battery life and memory capacity The predicted battery life is an estimate only The temperature of the site and the brand of batteries used can affect battery life It is recommended to recover the sonde earlier than the predicted battery life and to use new batteries for each deployment Once you press C Start logging the following screen will appear Are you sure 1 Yes 2 No Select option 0 fo
261. ere you can change the font and color of text that appears in the graph YSI Incorporated T Arial Black OP Arial Narrow H Avant Garde Demi Extn AvantGarde 7 SabovyZz HB Black M wesen H Font Type or select a font name EcoWatch lists the fonts available with the current printer driver and additional fonts installed in your system Font Style Select a font style To use the default type style for a given font select Regular Size Type or select a font size The sizes available depend on the printer and the selected font If the size you type is not available on the current printer EcoWatch chooses the closest available size Effects Choosing Strikeout will draw a line through all text in the table Choosing underline will underline the text Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 37 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 e Color Type or select one of the 16 predefined colors To display color you must have a color monitor to print color you must have a color plotter or a color printer e Sample Shows the effects of the formatting you specify before you apply it to the document Page Color Goes to the Color Dialog Box where you can change the color of the graph page This is the background for all of the graphs rather than the background for each individual graph that is set with the next command Trace Color Goes to the Change Trace Color dialog box where you can change the colo
262. eripheral on the same port Internal mouse Try other PC 650 display logger or dumb terminal Scrambled data Unmatched baud rate between Match the baud rate 2 4 3 host and sonde Host is too slow Use faster computer 7 Interface cable failure Check cable for damage If Ei necessary return for service Internal failure Return sonde for service YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 6 2 Troubleshooting Section 6 6 3 SENSOR PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS SYMPTOMS POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION Dissolved Oxygen Probe not properly calibrated Follow DO cal procedures inaccurate may be punctured DO probe electrodes require Follow DO cleaning procedure Algae or other contaminant Rinse DO probe with clean water 2 10 2 cigegwbopmse a 708 Barometric pressure entry is Repeat DO cal procedure Cal at extreme temperature Recal at or near sample eaeeeee gene 6 1 6 1 7 recondition probe with 6035 3 1 C Maintenance Kit Follow DO cleaning procedure DO Charge too low lt 25 Replace electrolyte and Insufficient electrolyte membrane DO probe has been damaged Replace 6562 probe 8C Internal failure pH ORP chloride Probe requires cleaning Follow probe cleaning procedure 2 10 2 ammonium or nitrate Probe requires calibration Follow cal procedures 2 6 1 readings are unstable or 3 7 4 messages appear during dried out from improper storage until readings become stable caleeenon Calibration solutions
263. ers e Attempting to append existing files containing GPS and or barometer data after deactivating the storage of these parameters in Logging setup e Delete individual files from 650 or sonde memory The memory is flash and therefore all files must be deleted in order to regenerate the storage capacity YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 45 650 MDS Section 3 e Enter more than 8 characters for a File name or more than 13 characters for a Site name 3 6 MANAGING 650 FILES 3 6 1 INTRODUCTION This section deals with the management of data that have been placed in 650 memory either through direct logging from your sonde or from the upload of data stored in sonde memory A file by definition contains data and is distinct from the Site Designations in a Site list that are used to configure actual data files For example deleting an entry from the site list after points have been logged under this designation will have no effect on the actual logged data i e the file itself will still be present in 650 memory Conversely deleting data files from the 650 memory will not delete the Site Designations from the Site list The management of data stored in the 650 is controlled from the 650 File command the management of the list of file site designations is controlled from the Edit site list command in the 650 Logging setup menu as described in Section 3 5 3 4 above Understanding this distinction will help the u
264. ery life and memory capacity Review the screen below which now displays the entries made above and reflects your logging conditions Unattended setup 1 Interval 00 15 00 2 Start date 07 17 96 3 Start time 18 00 00 4 Duration days 365 5 File clrlake3 6 Site Clear Lake at Spillway T pain Voless alk 5S 8 Bat life 25 1 days 9 Free mem 41 3 days A 1lst sample in 4 10 minutes B View params to log C Start logging Once you press C Start logging a screen will appear to request confirmation Are you sure 1 Yes 2 No Select option 0 for previous menu Select 1 Yes and the screen will change Logging 1 Interval 00 15 00 2 Next at 07 17 96 3 Next at 18 00 00 4 Stop at 07 31 96 5 Stop at 18 00 00 6 File clrlake3 7 Site Clear Lake at Spillway 8oBate Voles sly 9 Bat life 25 5 days A Free mem 41 3 days B Stop logging Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 43 Sondes Section 2 The display now shows the next date and time for logging and the stop date and time for the logging study Most importantly note that the bottom command now shows B Stop logging a confirmation that the logging has indeed been initiated The Unattended study will terminate when the duration you specified has expired or the batteries are expended If you want to terminate sooner simply select 2 Unattended sample from the Run menu then B Stop logging Select 1 yes and ret
265. ery stable and are likely to require only infrequent calibration to remain within the accuracy specifications of the instrument 5 of reading or 2 NTU whichever is greater Therefore unless your sensor suffers catastrophic failure usually indicated by jumpy or unreasonable field readings you may only have to perform a multi point calibration on a monthly basis However you should initially confirm the stability of YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 6 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E the sensor for your typical sampling or monitoring application by frequently checking the sensor reading in a standard other than 0 NTU prior to increasing the time between multi point calibrations What about data filter and spike rejection settings for processing turbidity data from the YSI turbidity system As described in Section 5 Principles of Operation some processing of raw turbidity data is usually beneficial in terms of outputting values that reflect the average turbidity at the site Filter options designed to optimize this data processing are located in the sonde menu structure under both the 3 Sensor and the 4 Data Filter selections in the 6 Advanced submenu For most applications involving both spot sampling and monitoring the following settings are recommended with regard to data processing 1 In 3 Sensor activate the Turb Spike Filter In 4 Data Filter Enable the filter In 4 Data F
266. es Turbidity data points It is also common to use a 0 to 0 correlation as a base point in these measurements This can be used as the first correlation point You need to establish a correlation between your Turbidity reading and a TSS value This is done by taking a sample and noting its Turbidity in NTU s Then run a lab analysis to obtain a total suspended solids reading You have now determined one correlation point Once you have at least two correlation points you have established a linear correlation between the two measurements EcoWatch allows you to enter up to five correlation YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 36 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 points The more correlation points you have the higher that your accuracy will be To add the TSS parameter to your data file go to the Setup menu Choose Parameters then Add Remove Select the TSS parameter and click the Add button The Calibrate TSS window will appear Name the file for identification in the future Multiple calibration files may be created Any previously created calibration files will be located in the drop down name list box Once you have entered the desired number of correlation points click OK EcoWatch will calculate the TSS values by doing a linear interpolation of the Turbidity NTU data and the correlation chart GRAPH The Setup menu Graph submenu has the following commands Font Color Goes to the Font Dialog Box wh
267. es psi 0 3 DO temp co C 1 1 4 DO warm up sec 40 5 Wait for DO 6 Wipes 1 7 Wipe interval 5 8 SDI12 M wipe 1 9 Turb temp co C 0 3 A Turb spike filter B Chl temp co C 0 C Chl spike filter D PAR1 gain 1 E PAR2 gain 1 Select option 0 for previous menu The number that should be entered is derived from the Calibration Multiplier in the Certificate of Calibration supplied with each sensor but the exact entry requires some modification of the Certificate value First the Calibration Multiplier in water should be selected Second the negative sign should be dropped from the number prior to entry Finally the number should be divided by either 100 Low Sensitivity Hardware or 1000 High Sensitivity Hardware prior to entry Thus if the two identical sensors characterized by the above Certificate were present in the sonde but were configured for both low sensitivity PAR1 and high sensitivity PAR2 the entered gain numbers should be 3 1578 for PARI and 0 31578 for PAR2 with both numbers derived from the 315 78 value on the Certificate As noted above once these entries are made the viewed and logged PAR values will be in umoles second m of Photon Flux Density 1 TDS constant 0 65 2 Pres psi 0 3 DO temp co C 1 1 4 DO warm up sec 40 5 Wait for DO 6 Wipes 1 7 Wipe interval 5 8 SDI12 M wipe 1 9 Turb temp co C 0 3 A Turb spike filter B Chl temp co C 0 C Chl spike filter D PAR1 gain 3 1
268. es the action to be executed by the selected menu item or statuses of keyboard latch state A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Status Bar is displayed The right areas of the status bar indicate which of the following keys are latched down CAP The Caps Lock key is latched down NUM The Num Lock key is latched down SCRL The Scroll Lock key is latched down YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 22 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 DIGIT YEAR Use this command to toggle between a date with a two or four digit year on the graph and table GRAPH Use this command to display and hide the Graph page when viewing a file The graph page contains plots of data Shortcuts Toolbar IJ TABLE Use this command to display and hide the Table page while viewing a data file Shortcuts Toolbar GRID Turns on or off the gridlines on graphs MARKERS Turns on or off data point markers on the graphs For graphs with more than a few data points we recommend that Markers be left off STATISTIC This command will display statistics for the current study It will show the minimum maximum mean and standard deviation for each of the current parameters If you click on any minimum or maximum value then a small box will appear showing the date and time when the minimum or maximum point occurred Statistic 4315 Samples From 06 08 94 15 52 To 07 23 94 14 22 Min Max Mean Std Temp
269. esign were generally sold after January 1996 and can be identified by the presence of 4 probes temperature dissolved oxygen pH reference and pH glass 600R or pH glass ORP 600QS in the bulkhead Remove the reference module store it as described below and plug the open port with the insert that was provided Make certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Place approximately 300 mL of tap water in the storage vessel insert the sonde and seal the vessel with the cap and O ring Do not use deionized or distilled water in this case as it may damage the pH glass sensor that must remain in the sonde 600 with Combination pH Sensor Instruments of this design were generally sold prior to January 1996 and can be identified by the presence of only 3 probes temperature dissolved oxygen pH in the bulkhead Be certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Fill the provided storage vessel with a solution that is 2 molar 2 M in potassium chloride KCI to a level that completely covers the dissolved oxygen and pH probes See the following section for instructions on preparation of the KCI storage solution Seal the vessel with the cap and O ring 600 OMS Store sonde dry with optical probe left in port All Sondes with Batteries Because batteries can degrade over time and release battery fluid it is extremely important to remove the batteries
270. esitate to stretch the membrane Figure 10 Figure 11 Install a new O ring by placing one side of the O ring in the groove and rolling into place across the membrane and into the groove on the opposite side of the probe face Avoid touching the probe face with your fingers Once the O ring is in position squeeze it every 90 degrees to equalize the tension See Figure 11 above DO NOT USE GREASE OR LUBICANT OF ANY KIND ON THE O RING YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 7 Sondes Section 2 Using a hobby knife or a scalpel trim the excess Teflon from the membrane making your cut about 1 8 inch below the O ring as shown in Figure 12 below A razor blade can be used for the cut if no knife or scalpel is available Figure 12 Figure 13 If the installation has been done properly the finished product should have no bubbles wrinkles or tears as shown in Figure 13 above NOTE Observe the following cautions to assure that your membrane installation is proper e Secure the sonde tightly so that it will not move during membrane installation e Wash hands before installation and do not allow finger oils or O ring lubricant to touch the probe face or the membrane e Use caution when replacing the probe guard that you do not touch the membrane If you suspect that the membrane has been damage replace it immediately 2 3 2 STEP 2 INSTALLING THE PROBES Remove the calibration cup from your sonde by hand as shown
271. est possible sample interval for obtaining new DO readings is 4 seconds Ifa smaller interval is selected then the DO readings remain constant for the number of samples necessary to fill 4 seconds NOTE If your have used your sonde with a 650 MDS data logger the Sample Interval automatically be changed to 0 5 seconds YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 61 Sondes Section 2 Sampling Faster Than 0 5 Seconds For special applications your sonde is capable of faster sampling The only limitation is a reduction of the number of sensors selected To determine the maximum sampling frequency for your sensor setup divide 36 by the number of enabled sensors in addition to the DO sensor Example If you enable any three sensors plus DO divide 36 by 3 to obtain 12 samples second 12 Hz or 0 083 seconds between samples as the maximum sampling frequency Remember that for sample intervals less than 4 seconds DO readings are updated only every 4 seconds Thus at 12 Hz the display will show 48 identical DO readings before a change occurs Note also that at a faster sampling rate consecutive readings are closer together the threshold for any one sensor is less likely to be exceeded and the data filter is less likely to disengage For these applications you may want to adjust your threshold settings accordingly See Section 2 9 8 for more information on the data filter Select 3 File to enter a filename with a maximu
272. est tendency to exhibit calibration drift over time This drift should not be a major problem for sampling studies where the instrument can be frequently calibrated However if a chloride sensor is used in a longer term deployment study with the sonde the user should be aware that drift is almost certain to occur The extent of the drift will vary depending on the age of the probe the flow rate at the site and the quality of the water For all monitoring studies using ion selective electrodes the user should acquire a few grab samples during the course of the deployment for analysis in the laboratory by chemical means or with another chloride sensor which has been recently calibrated Remember that the typical accuracy specification for the sensor 15 of the reading or 5 mg L whichever is larger refers to sampling applications where only minimal time has elapsed between calibration and field use CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The chloride sensor should be calibrated using solutions of known chloride content according to the procedures detailed in Sections 2 6 1 and 2 9 2 If a two point calibration protocol is used the temperature of the standards should be as close as possible to that of the environmental medium to be monitored The recommended calibration procedure is one involving three solutions Two of the solutions should be at ambient temperature while the third should be at least 10 degrees Celsius different from ambient
273. eters and other information useful to the program At the same time the program starts another file with the same name but a DAT extension for the actual measurements that are taken during the study YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 3 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 3 6 GRAPH ZOOM WINDOW Enlarges a section of the graph The pointer will change to a magnifying glass and then you can click and drag on the graph to indicate the section you want to view This command stays active until you execute it again Shortcuts Toolbar CENTER SCROLL Centers graph at the mouse cursor The pointer will change to a bullseye Clicking anywhere on the graph will cause that point to be moved to the center This command stays active until you execute it again Shortcuts T Toolbar A LIMIT DATA SET This command limits the amount of data being processed If you are not presently interested in portions of the graph or table at the beginning or end of the study you may want to use this command to indicate only that portion that you are interested in The program will have fewer data points to handle and will respond to your commands quicker Executing this command when modifying a graph will change the pointer to a vertical arrow Click once on the left end of that part of the graph that you want and then click again at the right end This command stays active until you execute it again To limit the data in a table mov
274. etup as shown below To set up a list with Single Site Designations the selection Store Site number should be INACTIVE as shown below before proceeding 650 Main Menu Logging setup Legging setup Sonde run Use site list Sonde menu Store Barometer Store Barometer File Store Lat and Long Store Lat and Long System setup Edit Site List Test N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 T4L6mmig N 02 25 2000 16 27 11 A a EE 02 25 2000 16 28 25 EL e i 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 741L4mmhg O N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 l 02 25 2000 20 44 38 EL EA E YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 37 650 MDS Section 3 Note also that if you have purchased a 650 without the barometer option the selection Store barometer will not be present Decide whether or not you want to store GPS and barometer information with your data file and activate deactivate the Store Lat and Long and Store Barometer selections appropriately Leaving these selections active will occupy memory in the 650 during logging and this factor may be a consideration if you have purchased a 650 with Low memory and you do not really require this information in your file Once these selections have been made highlight the Edit site list selection and press Enter to display the screen below Note that you can use the left right arrows to scroll between the Filename and Site
275. ever you install remove or replace a probe it is extremely important that the entire sonde and all probes be thoroughly dried prior to the removal of a probe or a probe port plug This will prevent water from entering the port Once you remove a probe or plug examine the connector inside the sonde probe port If any moisture is present use compressed air to completely dry the connector If the connector is corroded return the sonde to your dealer or directly to YSI Customer Service see Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for details When you reinstall a probe or port plug lightly grease the O ring with lubricant supplied in the YSI 6570 Maintenance Kit CABLE CONNECTOR PORT The cable connector port at the top of the sonde should be covered at all times While communicating with the sonde a cable should be installed and tightened in place This will assure that a proper connection is being made and prevent moisture and contaminants from entering When a communications cable is not connected to the cable connector port the pressure cap supplied with the instrument should be securely tightened in place YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 96 Sondes Section 2 If moisture has entered the connector dry the connector completely using compressed air a clean cloth or paper towel Apply a very thin coat of lubricant from the 6570 Maintenance Kit to the O ring inside the connector cap before each installation
276. f PVC pipe the pipe must be prepared to optimize the performance of your sonde First you should select a section of PVC pipe that is one or two inches larger in diameter than the diameter of your sonde and of a length that exceeds that of your sonde by several inches Once selected the pipe should be painted inside and out with anti fouling paint to minimize the growth of undesirable animal and plant life Remember the pipe will need to be cleaned and repainted each season and failure to perform this maintenance could result in less then accurate data being collected Finally the PVC pipe should be sturdily mounted in a safe place at your site of deployment and the sonde should be placed within it 4 6600EDS REPLACEMENT PARTS ListThe following replacement parts may be purchased from YSI for use with your 6600EDS Sonde Please call YSI Customer Service at 1 800 765 4974 for pricing information Part Number Description 066273 Square O ring for Battery Compartment 062630 Sediment Seal O ring for Battery Cover 063089 Spare Pressure Cap for Sonde Connector 065871 Spare O ring for Bulkhead Connector and Pressure Cap 606370 Probe Guard Assembly Kit 606628 Spare 6600EDS Wiper Assemblies 2 606144 Spare Wiper Pad Kit 20 Pads 606624 Chlorophyll Probe Wiper Kit 006560 6560 Temperature Conductivity Probe Kit 006561 6561 pH Probe Kit 006562 6562 DO Probe Kit 006566 6566 pH ORP Probe Kit 606136 6136 Turbi
277. fis Mins Duration fe Days 19 Hrs 30 Mins Next with the Statistics and Study windows closed return to the View menu close Table and activate Graph Using the right mouse button click at any point on the graph A dotted vertical line appears along with specific data values in boxes to the left of the displayed graphs as shown in Figure 45 You can hold down the right mouse button and move the mouse to scan the entire graph that is displayed in the window The values in the boxes change as you move the mouse This feature is very useful for quantifying specific data without the need to open the data table and scroll through what may be thousands of data points Note also that the exact time and date change to let you know specifically when an event of interest occurred YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 52 Sondes Section 2 Figure 45 Viewing the Data with Right Button Mouse Function M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT Bil Es File Edit View Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help l xl eimai Bs IND BPRM SAMPLE DAT o 4y 354 549E M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT j Me E Sjaan EVT Eile Edit View Comm Realtime Graph Setup 6200 Appl Window Help lej auly 078 xi E 056 034 BEI IE ER Jeg S 010 wi SAMPLE DAT 143 Wu i 5 ie 21 27 amp 284 amp 33 234 f a saan 7717 5 123 i 798 ania 2712 NRSA 15RA nne nann Be B oye 535 0 805 E 056 710 34
278. from all 600XLM 6920 6600 and 600 OMS battery version prior to long term storage Failure to remove batteries can result in corrosive damage to the battery terminals if the batteries happen to leak 2 10 4 PROBE STORAGE LONG TERM STORAGE OF PROBES The following sections provide additional details on the storage of individual sensors associated with instruments in the 6 Series product line from YSI TEMPERATURE No special precautions are required Sensors can be stored dry or wet as long as solutions in contact with the thermistor probe are not corrosive for example chlorine bleach CONDUCTIVITY No special precautions are required Sensors can be stored dry or wet as long as solutions in contact with thermistor probe and conductivity electrodes are not corrosive for example chlorine bleach However it is recommended that the sensor be cleaned with the provided brush prior to long term storage DISSOLVED OXYGEN Rapid Pulse dissolved oxygen sensors should always be stored with a membrane and electrolyte in place and in such a way that the drying out of the electrolyte on the probe face is minimized For long term storage the medium should be water rather than the moist air used in interim storage The long term storage protocol is also dependent on the instrument under consideration YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 102 Sondes Section 2 For the 600XL 600XLM 6820 6600 and 6920 two long ter
279. fter exposure to buffers CAUTION The ammonium membrane module is for use only at depths less than 50 feet 15 2 meters Use of the probe at greater depths is likely to permanently damage the sensor YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 12 Principles of Operation Section 5 3 11 CHLORIDE The sonde chloride probe employs a solid state membrane attached to a conductive wire When the probe is immersed in water a potential is established across the membrane that depends on the amount of chloride in the medium This potential is read relative to the reference electrode of the sonde pH probe As for all ISEs there is a linear relationship between the logarithm of the chloride activity or concentration in dilute solution and the observed voltage The Nernst equation describes this relationship Under ideal conditions the Nernst equation predicts a response of 59 mV for every 10 fold rise in chloride activity at 25 C However in practice empirical calibration of the electrode is necessary to establish the slope of the response Typical slopes are 45 55 mV per decade for YSI sensors This slope value is determined by calibration with two solutions of known chloride concentration typically 10 mg L and 1000 mg L CT The slope of the plot of log chloride vs voltage is also a function of temperature changing from its value at calibration by a factor of the ratio of the absolute temperatures at calibration to that at me
280. g its handling Be certain to read the safety instructions provided by the supplier with this chemical before preparing solution standards from the solid material Remember that only trained personnel should handle chemicals PREPARATION Use the following procedure to prepare an Acridine Orange solution for use as a sensor stability check reagent 1 Acridine Orange is a commonly used dye marker reagent and can be purchased from chemical supply houses such as Sigma Aldrich Purchase the minimum quantity possible since only very dilute solutions of the dye will be required The following solutions were prepared from Acridine Orange Hydrochloride Hydrate Sigma item A 4921 2 Accurately weigh 0 0500 g of the Acridine Orange and quantitatively transfer the solid to a 500 mL volumetric flask Dissolve the solid in purified distilled or deionized water add 20 mL of 1 M hydrochloric acid as a stabilizer and then fill the flask to the top graduation This solution contains 100 mg of Acridine Orange per 1000 mL of water CAUTION Be certain to follow the supplier s warnings when using hydrochloric acid 3 Accurately transfer 2 0 mL of the solution prepared in the above step to a 1000 mL volumetric flask add 20 mL of 1M hydrochloric acid as a stabilizer and then fill the flask to the top graduation with purified water Mix well to obtain a solution that is 0 20 mg L in water a 500 1 dilution of the concentrated solution CAUTION Be certai
281. g of the cathode capacitance but not to reduction of oxygen are subtracted during integration after the cathode has been turned off The net charge like the steady state current in a standard system is proportional to the oxygen partial pressure in the medium Because oxygen is only being reduced 1 100th of the total measurement time even if the probe is pulsed in this manner continuously oxygen consumption outside the membrane is kept to a minimum and the stirring dependence of the system is greatly reduced One key to the practicality of Rapid Pulse oxygen system is the fact that the on time is very short This allows the off time to also be relatively short and still maintain the off to on ratio of 100 which is necessary to obtain relatively flow independent measurements The second important aspect of the Rapid Pulse technology is the integration summing of the current over the total pulse on and off Because the charging current of the electrodes is subtracted in this process the net signal is due only to the reduction of oxygen From a practical point of view this means that when there is zero oxygen partial pressure outside the membrane the Rapid Pulse signal will also be zero this in turn allows the system to be calibrated with a single medium air or water of known oxygen pressure CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The sonde Rapid Pulse system is calibrated using the same basic methods employed for steady state o
282. gagement occurs for each sensor independently One parameter may be filtered while another is not because readings from one sensor are changing more than another Example Moving a sonde from the air to a river water sample Assume that the temperature of the sonde is similar to the temperature of the water and that the water is in equilibrium with the air The temperature and oxygen readings taken in the water will be very similar to those taken in the air The conductivity reading in air is near zero and quite likely is a very different reading in the water The filter for the conductivity readings will likely disengage when the sonde is first placed in the river water but stay engaged for the temperature and dissolved oxygen readings YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 93 Sondes Section 2 The filters for turbidity chlorophyll and rhodamine WT are somewhat different For these sensors the filter is temporarily disengaged during mechanical wiping so that when wiping is finished the reading is the most current The filter then reengages if possible Optical sensor readings are frozen to the output during wiping so that bad values are not output A value of 0 001 for the threshold roughly corresponds to the following changes in sensor readings Temp 0 1 C Conductivity in the 100 mS cm range 0 1 ms em Conductivity in the 10 mS cm range 0 01 ms em Conductivity in the 1 mS cm range 0 001 ms cm Conductivit
283. ge amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes occasionally lifting upper and lower lids Seek medical attention immediately INGESTION Immediately rinse out mouth with large quantities of water If irritation occurs or reagent was swallowed seek medical attention immediately YSI Turbidity Standard 6073 INGREDIENTS Q Styrene divinylbenzene copolymer spheres The material is not volatile and has no known ill effects on skin eyes or on ingestion Therefore no special precautions are required when using the standards General precautions should be adopted as required with all materials to minimize unnecessary contact Note however that the chemical physical and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated FIRST AID SKIN CONTACT Remove contaminated clothing Wash affected area with soap or mild detergent and water EYE CONTACT Wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water approx 15 20 minutes occasionally lifting upper and lower lids If irritation occurs seek medical attention immediately INGESTION Rinse out mouth with large quantities of water If irritation occurs or reagent was swallowed seek medical attention as a precaution YSI Replacement Desiccant 065802 INGREDIENTS YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual A 5 Health and Safety Appendix A LY Calcium Sulfate and Calcium Chloride CAUTION AVOID INHALATION SKIN CONTACT EYE CONTACT OR INGESTI
284. gital filtering options The parameters listed depend on both the sensors installed and the sensors enabled therefore your screen may not be identical to those shown below 1 Cal constants 2 Setup 3 Sensor 4 Data filter Select option 0 for previous menu 1 Select 1 Cal constants to display the calibration constants as shown in the following example Note that values only appear for the enabled sensors YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 86 Sondes 2 DO gain 1 3048 3 mV offset 0 4 pH offset 0 5 pH gain 5 05833 6S NHARE Sel 7 NH4 0 195 8 NH4 A 1 092 SaNOSsi 995 AS NOSES Orealt9 5 B NO3 A 2 543 C Cl J 99 5 D Cl S 0 195 E Cl A 2 543 F Turb Offset G Turb A1 500 H Turb M1 500 I Turb A2 1000 J Turb M2 1000 Select option 0 for previous menu 0 Section 2 The following table provides the default value operating range and comments relative to the calibration constants Error messages will appear during calibration if values are outside the indicated operating range unless the designation is not checked Parameter Default Cond 5 DO gain 1 Pres offset ifnot vented 14 7 if vented 0 0 mV offset 0 0 pH offset 0 0 pH gain 5 0583 NH4 J 51 2 NH4 S 0 195 NH4 A 1 092 NO3 J 99 5 NO3 S 0 195 NO3 A 2 543 Cl J 99 5 CI S 0 195 Cl A 2 543 Turb Offset 0 Turb Al 500 Turb M1 500 Turb A2 1000 Turb M2 1000 Chl Offset 0 Chl Al 500 Chl M1 500 Chl A2 1000 C
285. gn matter can block the openings Never expose the sonde or the cable to the atmosphere for more than a few minutes without an active desiccant system in place This prevents moisture from entering the vent tube Special field cables are used for the vented level These cables have a vent tube that runs up the middle of the cable Your sonde has a stainless steel connector on the top of it In the center of this connector is the vent hole When the cable is removed from the sonde seal the sonde with the pressure cap provided with the sonde to keep it clean and dry The field cable should also be stored in a sealed plastic bag with some desiccant to keep it dry At the instrument end of every vented cable is a barbed fitting This is to provide an attachment for a desiccant system One of the two desiccant systems should always be attached to the sonde while exposed to the atmosphere to prevent moisture buildup in the vent tube When dry and active the desiccant is a distinct blue color When exhausted it turns to a rose red or pink color The desiccant can be regenerated in an oven See Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage for the proper procedure Avoid bending the cables sharply to prevent the vent tube from kinking Two desiccant systems are available a cartridge kit and a canister kit Either will keep moisture from entering the vent tube The desiccant cartridge kit mounts right to the cable and is intended for short term applications
286. groove of the lid Check the O ring and sealing surfaces for any contaminates which could interfere with the O ring seal of the battery chamber Remove any contaminates present Also clean the protective O ring which is located in at the middle of the side of the battery lid Lightly lubricate the o ring on the outside of the battery cover DO NOT lubricate the internal o ring a Return the battery lid and HAND tighten the screws with the hex driver until snug DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN CAUTION Over tightening the screws may cause the battery compartment to flood Do NOT use power tools to tighten the battery lid screws INSTALLING BATTERIES INTO THE 6920 Figure 36 To install the 8 AA size alkaline batteries into the sonde refer to the BULKHEAD CONNECTOR following directions and Figures 36 and 37 8 gu WITH ae a Position the bail so that it is perpendicular to the sonde and use it as l a lever to unscrew the battery cap by hand Then slide the battery lid BAIL up and over the bulkhead connector l SONDE BODY Insert batteries paying special attention to polarity Labeling on the top of the sonde body describes the orientation GRASP BAIL WITH HAND TURN COUNTERCLOCKWISE TO LOOSEN YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 17 Sondes Section 2 Check the O rings and sealing surfaces for any contaminants that could interfere with the seal of the battery chamber
287. h any of the electronic components or the batteries within the battery pack Tampering with either the electronic circuitry or the batteries will result in the voiding of the warranty and the compromising of the system performance but more importantly can cause safety hazards which result from overcharging such as overheating venting of gas and loss of corrosive electrolyte 4 Do not charge the battery pack outside the 0 40 C temperature range 5 Do not use or store the battery at high temperature such as in strong direct sunlight in cars during hot weather or directly in front of heaters 6 Do not expose the battery pack to water or allow the terminals to become damp 7 Avoid striking or dropping the battery pack If the pack appears to have sustained damage from these actions or malfunctions after an impact or drop the user should not attempt to repair the unit Instead contact YSI Customer Service 8 Ifthe battery pack is removed from the 650 do not store it in pockets or packaging where metallic objects such as keys can short between the positive and negative terminals AN Precautions for Users with Small Children Keep the battery pack out of reach of babies and small children YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 58 650 MDS Section 3 Danger Notifications Misuse creates a STRONG possibility of death or serious injury FAILURE TO CAREFULLY OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES AND PRECAUTIONS CA
288. h is maximized and then leave the graph in the same height width ratio that is displayed Border You can also choose whether or not to print a border PRINT PREVIEW This command allows the user to preview how the document will appear when it is printed This command only works for data that is displayed in a table format not when the data is in graph format YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 18 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 W EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT laj x f Next Page Prey Page Two Page Zoom In Zoom Out Close SAMPLE DAT GEGRRET SETH TEC RR RR HERES REE ES REE ES EEE Tue Sep 01 10 13 12 1998 Page 1 L NUM PRINT SETUP Use this command to select a printer and a printer connection This command presents the Print Setup dialog box The following options allow you to select the destination printer and its connection printer currently HP LaserJet 4 4MV on NYSISENG_HP4 Specific printer HP Lasenet 4 4M on WYSIENG_HP iz Letter 81 2811 in Source Autos elect Tray Printer Select the printer you want to use Choose the Default Printer or choose the Specific Printer option and select one of the current installed printers shown in the box You install printers and configure ports using the Windows Control Panel YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 19 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Orientation Choose Portrait or Lan
289. h the 2 key cannot be activated Examples of this type of fixed numeric entry include setting the clock of the 650 or sonde entering calibration parameters for sonde sensors and changing entries such as DO warm up time and optical wiper interval in the Sonde Advanced Sensor submenu You will follow an example of this type of entry when you set the 650 clock in the example below When both numeric and alpha entry are appropriate for input the 650 keypad provides a cellular phone style interface for choosing the proper character As shown in the above diagram the 2 9 keys can also be used to input alpha characters Basically to activate a particular alpha numeric character the user must press the appropriate key repeatedly until the desired letter or number appears in the display For example to enter an M press the numeric 6 key once and release To enter an N press the numeric 6 key twice in rapid succession and then release Lower case letters are also available for input using this basic method The following chart shows the alpha numeric sequence available for each numeric key in the order they will appear as the key is pressed repeatedly YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 12 650 MDS Section 3 1 1 2 ABC2abc2 3 DEF3def3 4 GHI4ghi4 5 JKL5jkl5 6 MNO6mn06 T PQRS7pqrs7 8 TUV8tuv8 9 WXYZ9wxyz9 0 0 Using this guide it can be seen that the character p will appea
290. hange font font style size and text color In addition you may change table color and highlight color The menu structure is easy to follow Try some changes to gain familiarity with these Setup display options YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 54 Sondes Section 2 CHANGING DISPLAY FORMATS USING GRAPH FUNCTION The top line menu labeled Graph as the name suggests can be used to examine critical events within the graphical format You may be able to more clearly understand an event by zooming in out centering an event of interest and setting limits to focus in on a specific area of the graph In addition to modifying along the x axis you may also manually scale the y axis This may allow you to discard a noise spike and obtain better resolution of events unrelated to the noise Functions like Autoscale Redraw and Cancel Limits are all used to undo some of the customization functions Below in Figure 47 you see some of these functions One very commonly used function is Limit Data Set If you choose this function by clicking on the highlighted item as shown below you then use the mouse to move your cursor to the left limit of an area of interest click once then move the mouse to the right limit of interest and click again The result will be a close up look at the specific area of the graph you have defined Refer to Figure 47 and 48 below to see the results of this particular feature Figure 47 Sel
291. hat is sometimes convenient when exporting to a spreadsheet The x axis parameter is normally Time but you can choose any parameter you like By default data files are sorted by increasing time If you have chosen another parameter for the x axis then you may want to have the data sorted before graphing it Change Parameter Attributes Average Interval o Mins X Axis Parameter DateTime Change name This command takes you to the Define Parameter Name dialog box where you may change the default names of the parameters This dialog is intended to make changes like degrees Celsius to degrees C If you change degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit then the data displayed will be in degrees Celsius even though the graph says degrees Fahrenheit To change the units for that parameter use the Change Parameter Units dialog box YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 35 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Define Parameter Name Calibrate TSS TSS is an abbreviation for Total Suspended Solids TSS is a unit derived from a Turbidity NTU measurement and correlated TSS NTU measurements The Calibrate TSS feature is only used if the TSS parameter has been added to the current data file using Add Remove Parameters This command opens the TSS Calibration window and allows calibration adjustment Calibrate TSS How do I add TSS to my data file You must have a data set that includ
292. he DO membrane during installation of the probe guard NOTE If you have purchased a 6136 turbidity sensor for an existing sonde be sure to use the long black bottomed probe guard which was supplied with the sensor Figure 30 shows the YSI 6820 6920 probe guard the guard for the 6600 is similar The YSI 600R 600QS 600XL and 600XLM probe guards resemble Figure 31 Figure 30 Figure 31 TURN CLOCKWISE BY HAND TO SECURE PROBE GUARD PROBE GUARD BULKHEAD Q g PROBES INSTALLED YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 14 Sondes Section 2 2 3 3 STEP 3 POWER Some type of external power supply is required to power the YSI 600R 600QS 600XL 6820 and the non battery version of the 600 OMS sondes The YSI 6920 6600 600XLM and battery version of the 600 OMS sondes have internal batteries or can run on external power If you have purchased a YSI 650 MDS display logger attaching your sonde to the display logger will allow your sonde to be powered from the batteries or the external power of the display logger See Section 3 Displays Loggers for power options POWER FOR LAB CALIBRATION A YSI 6038 110 VAC or 6037 220 VAC Power Supply is required for sondes without internal batteries when using them with a PC for calibration and setup Sondes with internal batteries do not require a power supply but using the sonde with a power supply in the lab is often convenient and extends battery life Most adap
293. he concentrated solution that has been kept at cold temperatures is much more stable than the dilute solution stored at room temperature It is well known that the intensity of the fluorescence of many dyes shows an inverse relationship with temperature The effect must also be accounted for when calibrating the YSI chlorophyll sensor with YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 22 Principles of Operation Section 5 rhodamine WT Enter the calibration value from the table below corresponding to the temperature of the standard WARNING The Chl Tempco factor in the Advanced Sensor menu MUST BE SET TO ZERO when calibrating with Rhodamine WT Table Approximate algal chlorophyll equivalent of 0 5 mg L Rhodamine WT as a function of temperature T C ug L Chl to T C Ug L Chl to Enter Enter ao a ae ec E REMEMBER The use of acridine orange rhodamine B or rhodamine WT for calibration with acridine orange is only an approximation To assure accurate readings from the 6025 sensor the user must relate the field fluorescence readings to data from extractive analysis samples as described above YSI does not provide an accuracy specification for chlorophyll due to these limitations EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON READINGS While the effect of temperature on the chlorophyll sensor itself is very small YSI experiments have indicated that the fluorescence of phytoplankton suspensions can show significant tempe
294. he file is shown in two different ways 1 the number of samples logged data points of several parameters and 2 the total number of bytes of memory occupied by the file Highlight the top file PROFILE1 and press Enter to generate a display of the details of this file Press Escape and then highlight the second file DEPLOY 1 and press Enter to again display information about the file File details File details File PROFILE1 dat File DEPLOY1 dat Site WEST LAKE Site EAST LAKE ID ID Notset Samples 383 Samples 3 Bytes 17496 Bytes 342 First 08 21 2001 07 34 37 First 08 21 2001 08 00 40 Last 08 21 2001 07 40 59 Last 08 21 2001 08 10 40 Interval Discrete Intervali 00 05 00 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Gl 0 000 E 0 0 000 08 21 2001 08 18 52 Pm mm 08 24 2004 08 22 26 PME mm R For both files the file name site name file size and time of the first and last samples logged are shown The information under Interval will identify whether the data were logged by manual control of the system Discrete or to the memory of a sonde set up in an Unattended sampling study Only for Unattended sampling studies will the actual sample interval be displayed When the Interval has the designation Discrete the time between samples can be determined by viewing the data as described below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 47 650 MDS Section 3 3 6 3 UPLOAD TO PC This frequently
295. he inside of the conductivity cell will slightly change the volume of the cell and thereby negate any previous calibration Therefore after you have completed painting the conductivity cell of your probe it will need to be recalibrated so that the cell constant is reflective of the fact that paint has been applied within the cell Once the first coat of paint has dried a second thin coat should be applied to all of the aforementioned areas of the probe Refer to Figure 6 for an example of a properly painted 6560 temperature conductivity probe Figure 6 6560 Temperature Conductivity Probe Painted with Anti fouling Paint YSI Incorporated 5 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 6136 TURBIDITY PROBE The body of the 6136 turbidity probe should be painted from a point just above the stainless steel nut to approximately 1 8 inch below the face of the probe However you must be very careful to keep the paint off of the face of the probe and off of the shaft that retains the stainless steel nut on the probe body The wiper assembly will also benefit from a thin layer of paint applied to its side and top surfaces However paint MUST NOT be applied to the bottom surfaces of the wiper the surfaces that face the probe or anywhere on the wiper s brush Also avoid painting the wiper s stainless steel set screw The application of two thin coats of paint is recommended Refer to Figur
296. he parameters from the Calibrate menu input the number that is next to the parameter Once you have chosen a parameter some of the parameters will have a number that appears in parentheses These are the default values and will be used during calibration if you press Enter without inputting another value Be sure not to accept default values unless you have assured that they are correct If no default value appears you must type a numerical value and press Enter 4 After you input the calibration value or accept the default press Enter A real time display will appear on the screen Carefully observe the stabilization of the readings of the parameter that is being calibrated When the readings have been stable for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to accept the calibration The calibrated value is bolded on the example screen on the following page 5 Press Enter to return to the Calibrate menu and proceed to the next calibration CALIBRATION EXAMPLE The example below for calibration of specific conductance is designed to demonstrate the general calibration protocol for all parameters From the Calibrate menu press 1 Conductivity and the following display will be shown 1 SpCond 2 Cond 3 Salinity Select option 0 for previous menu 1 Select 1 SpCond the generally recommended method for calibration of a conductivity sensor the following prompt will appear which calls for your numerical input Enter SpCond in mS cm 10
297. he same day with the user inputting a different site designation file name and site name in the field Data could also have been logged single points or as a continuous data stream at each site simply by the choice of Log single point or Start logging respectively in the 650 Logging window Data can also be appended at later times to existing site designations However there is a limitation on this process the parameter setup during subsequent logging runs MUST be exactly the same as for the first entry For example if you add a sonde parameter to the Report for the second logging run to a particular site you will not be able to append this data to the existing file If you logged Barometer or GPS readings to the initial file you will be required to maintain the logging of these files on subsequent logging runs If your current parameter setup is different from the one used initially a Parameter Mismatch screen similar to that shown below will appear when you try to log data to the old site designation The screen should help in pinpointing the change in your parameter setup that is causing the inability to append the file In the example below the old parameter setup is shown on the right of the screen and the new parameter setup is on the left It is evident that the mismatch occurs in the third line where salinity from the new setup is mismatched with DO from the old setup The screen thus shows that salinity has been added to
298. he scaling options for your data by double clicking on the Y axis of the graph and using the Graph Y Axis dialog box to set the scales 7 After setting the display parameters enter the Setup Menu and choose Set Default Template Now every data file that you initially open will use the display parameters that you have chosen If you want to delete your template enter the Setup Menu and choose Clear Default Template CLEAR DEFAULT TEMPLATE This command will eliminate a default template that has been saved With no default template all new EcoWatch files open in whatever form they were saved in 4 3 8 APPL ICATIONS The Appl menu is the link to other Application programs that can be used with EcoWatch For Help using a GIS software consult the menu that came with the GIS system To upload from a Campbell Scientific CR10 Logger first connect the logger to a COM port using a Campbell Scientific SC32A Adapter Set the port for 9600 Baud 8 data bits no parity and Xon Xoff handshaking Then from the EcoWatch Appl menu select CR10 Upload The dialog box below will appear The items Number of Filled Locations and DSP Locations are information from the logger that you cannot change FS Area First Upload Location and Number of Arrays to Upload are fields that you must enter Refer to your CR10 manual for instructions Select a destination file under Upload File use the Browse button as needed and click Upload YSI Incorporated Environme
299. he top fitting of the canister Remove the plug from the barbed fitting on the end of the cable Using the tubing provided in the kit connect the canister to the fitting on the end of the cable Remember to remove the remaining plug from the canister when ready to begin sampling When putting the sonde into service remove the plug to ensure that the sensor in the sonde is vented to the atmosphere YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual G 16 EMC Performance Appendix H APPENDIX H EMC PERFORMANCE When using the YSI 6 Series sondes in a European Community CE country please be aware that electromagnetic compatibility EMC performance issues may occur under certain conditions such as when the sonde is exposed to certain radio frequency fields If you are concerned with these issues consult the Declaration of Conformity that was enclosed with your instrument Specific conditions where temporary sensor problems may occur are listed in this document If you are unable to locate the Declaration of Conformity that was shipped with your instrument contact your local YSI representative or YSI Customer Service in Yellow Springs Ohio for a copy of the document See Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact information YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual H 1 EMC Performance Appendix H YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual H 2 Chlorophyll
300. he towel with the probe guard still installed leaving some excess towel at the bottom of the probe guard Place the towel wrapped sonde in a bucket or other container for transportation to the site of deployment Keeping the probe guard on the sonde prevents accidental damage to the DO membrane or the pH bulb while you are in the field The wet towel also keeps the sonde cool and within a moist environment The padding that the towel provides helps to protect the instrument from shock and vibration during transportation to the field And if the sonde is placed in logging mode during transportation the collected data can act as a pre deployment verification that the DO probe is functioning properly When the 6600EDS is recovered from the site of deployment the same procedure can be used Wrap the instrument in the wet towel as soon as it is brought to the surface Doing so will place the DO probe in a back into a moist environment and the readings recorded can be used as the post calibration checkout YSI Incorporated 8 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 3 3 DEPLOYMENT SITE CONSIDERATIONS As mentioned in section 1 1 the design of the 6600EDS intentionally exposes the fragile glass bulb of the pH probe In most deployment situations the pH probe will be sufficiently protected by a properly installed probe guard However for deployments where large quantities of floating and or subme
301. hen press the Enter key to activate the parameter as shown by a dot in the open circle Note that the entire report list can be accessed by continuing to scroll the highlighting block down with the arrow key After activation of salinity in the Report setup of the sonde press the Escape key twice in succession to return to the Main sonde menu Report setup Report setup OResist TDS g L sal ppt D0Osat DO mg L Date Time hh mm ss Temp C spCond us cm Ocond OResist TDS g L sal ppt O N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 2mmHg ye 06 04 2000 13 00 55 Emmm N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 8mnlig 05 31 2000 15 24 48 _ Example 2 Calibrating the Dissolved Oxygen Sensor NOTE In the following example it is assumed that the Autosleep RS232 function of your sonde has been disabled in the sonde Advanced Setup menu If Autosleep were active then the display would indicate a countdown of the DO warm up time and calibrate automatically at the end of this time period See Section 3 4 9 of this manual and Section 2 of your 6 series manual for more information on the Autosleep function Place the sonde in the calibration chamber with the dissolved oxygen probe in water saturated air Highlight the Sonde menu selection in the 650 Main menu and press Enter Then use the arrow keys to highlight the Calibration selection and press Enter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 23 650 MDS Section
302. hich is found in your sonde manual is completely valid as a reference for setting up your sonde for all types of studies The menu structure of the sonde is presented in diagram form below followed by two examples in Section 3 4 2 of how to use the 650 Sonde Menu interface In addition brief instructions for frequently performed sonde operation are provided as a reference in Section 3 4 3 below SONDE MENU FLOW CHART Sonde o _ X 1 Conductivity 1 Discrete sample 2 DO 2 Unattended sample 3 DO mg L 2 Calibrate 4 Others 1 Directory Date and Time 2 Upload Battery Voltage 3 Quick Upload 4 View File 5 Quick View File 6 Delete All Files 4 Statu Available Memory 4 Date amp Time Logging Status 2 Comm Setup 3 Page Length pt Date 7 Test M Test Memory 5 System 4 Instrument ID 2 Time 5 SDI 12 Address 3 Temp C 4 Temp F y MORE y 6 Report 1 Temp 2 Cond 3 DO 2 Setup 4 _ ISE1 pH 3 Sensor y MORE y 1 Cal Constants 8 Advanced 4 Data Filter NOTE When using the 650 all sonde functions are accessed through the Sonde menu prompt These include Activating Deactivating sensors Setting up
303. hl M2 1000 Rhod Offset 0 Rhod Al 500 Rhod M1 500 Rhod A2 1000 Rhod M2 1000 YSI Incorporated Operating range 4to6 0 5 to 2 0 20 7 to 8 7 6 to 6 100 to 100 400 to 400 6 07 to 4 22 Not checked 0 15 to 0 217 Not checked Not checked 0 217 to 0 15 Not checked Not checked 0 217 to 0 15 Not checked 10 to 10 0 6 to 1 5 0 6 to 1 5 30 to 20 0 6 to 1 5 0 6 to 1 5 10 to 10 0 6 to 1 5 0 6 to 1 5 Comments Traditional cell constant Range is ratio of M1 to Al Range is ratio of M2 M1 to A2 Al Range is ratio of M1 to Al Range is ratio of M2 M1 to A2 Al Range ratio of M1 to Al Range is ratio of M2 M1 to A2 A1 Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 87 Sondes Section 2 To reset a calibration cell constant access the sonde Calibrate menu Then select the sensor and type UNCAL instead of the value This action will change that sensors calibration constants back to the factory default From the Advanced menu select 2 Setup to display miscellaneous options Type the appropriate number to activate deactivate any of the displayed features Advanced setup emulation up to Menu up to Run radix Auto sleep RS232 Auto sleep SDI12 Multi SDI12 Full SDI12 Select option 0 for previous menu 0 1 VT100 emulation Activate this option for VT100 terminal emulation This feature allows the sonde to send escape sequences to clear the screen which in turn results in
304. hl ug L protocol Instead of entering a value at the prompt type the work uncal and press Enter This returns the sonde software to the factory default sensitivity Begin a Discrete Sample study and record the chlorophyll ug L reading displayed Finally place the sonde in deionized water and record the chlorophyll ug L reading displayed in Discrete Sample Record the results of these two tests and report them along with any other symptoms to a YSI Customer Service representative YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 9 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 10 Percent Air Saturation Appendix J APPENDIX J PERCENT AIR SATURATION The term Percent Air Saturation abbreviated in many applications to Percent Saturation is a common parameter for expressing the state of the oxygenation of environmental water and is widely used by YSI and other manufacturers during the calibration of oxygen sensors However because the parameter can be expressed by two different conventions there can be confusion around the use of the term This section is designed to minimize that confusion by defining each of these conventions and to provide instructions for configuring your 6 series sonde so that you will have a choice as to which of the conventions is used It is very important to note that no matter which of the conventions is employed in
305. horoughly read Section 4 or use the Help function for a comprehensive understanding of EcoWatch for Windows 2 4 1 INSTALLING ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS EcoWatch for Windows software must be used with an IBM compatible PC with a 386 or better processor The computer should also have at least 4MB of RAM and Windows Version 3 1 or later Place the EcoWatch for Windows compact disk in your CD ROM drive Select Start then Run and type d setup exe at the prompt Press Enter or click on OK and the display will indicate that EcoWatch is proceeding with the setup routine Simply follow the instructions on the screen as the installation proceeds 2 4 2 RUNNING ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS To run EcoWatch for Windows simply select the EcoWatch icon on your desktop or from the Windows Program Menu For help with the EcoWatch program see Section 4 EcoWatch or use the Help section of the software 2 4 3 ECOWATCH FOR WINDOWS SETUP To setup the EcoWatch software for use with a sonde select the sonde icon R on the toolbar and then the proper Com port 1 or 2 to which your sonde is connected If the default setting is correct it does not need to be changed Click OK to open a terminal window From the Comm Menu select the Settings option to check the baud rate The baud rate should be 9600 If it is not select 9600 from the list and press Enter From the Settings Menu select the Font Color and Background Color options to choose a color scheme
306. hout removing the DO probe This will largely depend on whether the other installed probes interfere with your ability to install a membrane The next step is providing power for the sondes through batteries or AC and then connecting a field cable The four steps necessary for getting your sonde ready for use are listed below Step 1 Installing the Dissolved Oxygen Membrane Section 2 3 1 Step 2 Installing the Probes Section 2 3 2 Step 3 Supplying Power Section 2 3 3 Step 4 Connecting a Field Cable Section 2 3 4 2 3 1 STEP 1 INSTALLING THE DISSOLVED OXYGEN MEMBRANE The DO probe is shipped with a protective dry membrane on the sensor tip held in place by an O ring Remove the O ring and membrane Handle the probe with care It is very important not to scratch or contaminate the sensor tip See Section 2 10 2 Probe Care and Maintenance for information on how often the membrane should be replaced Unpack the YSI 6562 DO Probe Kit and follow the instructions below Open the membrane kit and prepare the electrolyte solution Dissolve the KCl in the dropper bottle by filling it to the neck with deionized or distilled water and shaking until the solids are fully dissolved After the KCl is dissolved wait a few minutes until the solution is free of bubbles Figure 5 Figure 6 X ADD DI OR DISTILLED WATE SS D The DO membrane can be installed with the DO probe either free or installed in the sonde Both methods are desc
307. hows the tracking of the chlorophyll content at various sites by both the YSI 6025 and a good quality single parameter commercial fluorometer YSI 6025 VS COMMERCIAL FLUOROMETER IN SITU CHL READINGS IN SOUTH FLORIDA QQ o N a N o o gt i l x x 15 e ra e l I o 3 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 SITE NUMBER COMM FLUOROMETER e YSI 6025 It is important for the user to remember that because of the limitations defined in this appendix and in Section 5 Principles of Operation YSI is unable to quote an accuracy specification for the in vivo measurement of chlorophyll Question 3 What calibration methods are available for the YSI 6025 There is only one real method of calibration for the 6025 sensor if accuracy is to be assured versus the true chlorophyll content of the water The sensor must be calibrated with a phytoplankton suspension for which the chlorophyll content is known from extractive analysis in the laboratory This methodology requires the user to collect water samples of the environmental water in question during sampling or monitoring studies analyze the samples in the laboratory after cell disruption and use the chlorophyll values determined by this method to adjust the data acquired with the YSI 6025 Discrete steps for this procedure are found in Section 5 Principles of Operation Using this method the field data must be adjusted either manually or in a spreadsheet
308. iewing of stabilization and confirmation of calibration as for the percent saturation mode above NOTE If you have resurfaced your DO sensor we recommend running the probe continuously for 15 30 minutes or until good stability is realized After only a membrane change no resurfacing run the probe continuously for 3 4 minutes or until good stability is realized PRESSURE ABS AND GAGE Select 3 Pressure Abs non vented or Gage vented to zero the depth sensor The depth sensor is factory calibrated but it is always necessary to zero the absolute sensor relative to the local barometric pressure A minor correction is also sometimes necessary to set the Gage vented sensor output to exactly 0 000 feet The zeroing procedure should be carried out with the sonde in air for this initial calibration Alternatively you may set zero or an offset while the sonde is submersed for relative depth applications After the depth option is selected enter 0 00 or other appropriate number at the prompt press Enter and monitor the stabilization of the depth readings After no changes occur for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to confirm the calibration As instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Zeroing the depth sensor by the above protocol entering 0 00 at the screen prompt will result in a measurement of the distance between the water surface and the ports of the depth module In order for the observed depth readi
309. igned a unique address from 0 to 9 Each Sonde is factory set to address 0 The address can be changed in the System menu see Section 2 9 5 System menu for details Running the sonde in SDI 12 mode requires it to be connected to a SDI 12 master device An example of such a device is the YSI 6200 or units from Campbell Scientific or Handar Instruments These instruments provide the commands necessary to communicate with the sonde in SDI 12 mode In addition the sonde also supports the following commands which are entered from the command line at the prompt SDI12 This command activates SDI 12 mode This is the only mode in which the Sonde will respond to any SDI 12 command To exit to command line press any key from the terminal connected to the RS 232 port The Sonde implements the basic SDI 12 command set Below are the descriptions of each command and their responses The following notations are used a Sonde SDI 12 address ASCII 0 to 9 CR Carriage return ASCII 13 LF Line feed ASCII 10 Master Any SDI 12 compatible data collection device aM Initiate a measurement atttn CR LF YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 7 2 Communications Section 7 ttt Maximum time in seconds the Sonde will take to complete the measurement n Number of data that will be available when the measurement is completed This number is the same as the number of output parameters set in the Report
310. ilter Disable the Wait for Filter selection In 4 Data Filter for turbidity set the Time Constant to 12 C oO O In 4 Data Filter for turbidity set the Threshold to 0 010 These settings will normally produce data that is reflective of the average turbidity without having any significant effect on the response times of the other sensors Increasing the values of the time constant threshold or both can further smooth the turbidity values How do I set up the 6820 6920 6600 or 600 OMS system for logging to sonde memory First as outlined above set the data filter and turbidity spike filter settings as recommended in the previous question answer Second access 2 Setup in the Advanced submenu and make certain that the Turb Wipes entry is set to 1 Finally in the same submenu set the Twipe Int parameter in minutes to the same value as the sample interval for which data will be transmitted to the logging device For example if Sample Interval is set to 900 seconds 15 minutes in the Discrete Sample Run menu or 15 minutes in the Unattended mode set Twipe Int to 15 Under these conditions the turbidity wiper will be activated in a single bi directional cleaning motion every 15 minutes to clean bubbles and fouling from the optics of the probe and minimize the chance of corrupted readings due to these factors Note however that for Unattended applications with the sonde where
311. ination therefore is entirely at the discretion of the owner and or user of said equipment YSI Inc will in no way be held responsible or liable for sondes probes or other instruments that may become damaged as a result of the application of anti fouling paint products Please proceed with caution if you choose to do so Please note that the 6600EDS can be deployed without any additions or modifications However when deployment is to take place in very severe fouling environments the application of anti fouling paint to the probe area of the sonde can increase the in situ time and effectively minimize service and cleaning time between deployments A preferred type of paint to use is Interlux brand Micron Extra which is an ablative copper based anti fouling paint Regardless of which type of anti fouling paint is chosen for use it should be applied using a small artist s brush or another type of small paintbrush When applied correctly the anti fouling paint will protect the sonde and probes from the build up of barnacles slime and weeds Furthermore when the sonde is recovered from the site of deployment any slime or algae buildup on the probes can be simply removed with a small brush The following instructions will assist you in the process of applying anti fouling paint to your 6600EDS sonde and components 6600EDS SONDE BODY Painting the pressure case body of the instrument is not recommended Instead of using paint wrap the pressu
312. ing Systems Manual 4 29 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 File Capture cpl Eye E ecowwin amp y data Capture Files cpt gt Sc A common example is using a sonde in Run Mode The sonde is simply taking readings and sending them to the COM port If you want to keep a record of these readings then a simple way to do so is to turn Capture on When you are finished run the Capture command again to turn it off FILE UPLOAD Use this command to upload files from any device that uses Xmodem file transfer protocol First initiate the upload from the device then choose this command This command is enabled only when the Xmodem or Xmodem 1K protocol has been selected in Port Setup DIAL MODEM If you have specified a default phone number in the Modem tab of the communications Settings dialog box then this command will call that number If you have not specified a default number then you will be asked for a number HANG UP MODEM Hangs up phone and halts communication with the modem SEND ASCII FILE Sends a file in to the device connected to the terminal using plain ASCII protocol No handshaking or error correction is involved SEND XMODEM FILE Sends a file to the device connected to the terminal using XModem protocol YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 30 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 3 5 REAL TIME The Real time menu offers the following commands that allow you to control h
313. ing data to existing files the parameter setup during subsequent logging runs MUST be exactly the same as for the first entry For example if you add a sonde parameter to the Report for the second logging run to a particular site you will not be able to append this data to the existing file If you logged Barometer or GPS readings to the initial file you will be required to maintain the logging of these files on subsequent logging runs If your current parameter setup is different from the one used initially the Site Designation for that file will be grayed out in the Site list and will not be available until you adjust your parameter setup If you try to log data to the grayed out file you will be shown a Parameter Mismatch screen similar to that for non site list files which will aid in diagnosing the differences in the parameter setup that is preventing the existing file from being appended with new data LOGGING OF DATA FROM SEVERAL DIFFERENT SITES TO THE SAME FILE USE OF A MULTI SITE LIST The setup and use of Multi Site Designations will be provided in the following example which deals with a different approach to the application in the previous example on Single Site Designations Water quality data needs to be collected for two sites at the West and East ends of a lake Blue Lake at various time intervals for 30 days In this case the environmental scientists want all of the data in a single file for recording keeping co
314. ing of the medium being evaluated This stirring must be supplied either by an auxiliary stirrer which can consume much of the battery reserve in a portable system or by manually agitating the sonde when carrying out spot sampling applications which can be inconvenient These disadvantages are overcome by the Rapid Pulse dissolved oxygen technology that is associated with the sonde because it needs no stirring to yield accurate readings In addition because of the nature of the technology some effects of fouling of the sensor are minimized The Rapid Pulse system utilizes a Clark type sensor that is similar to other membrane covered steady state dissolved oxygen probes The system still measures the current associated with the reduction of oxygen which diffuses through a Teflon membrane and this current is still proportional to the partial pressure not the concentration of oxygen in the solution being evaluated The membrane isolates the electrodes necessary for this reduction from the external media encloses the thin layer of electrolyte required for current flow and prevents other non gaseous electrochemically active species from interfering with the measurement However as the user will note from examination of the 6562 probe the sensor consists of three electrodes a cathode anode and reference electrode while steady state Clark probes usually have only two electrodes a cathode and a combined anode reference electrode In addition the g
315. ing the Window s Help function which is available when the EcoWatch program is running Using SAMPLE DAT we decided that some of the data were not of particular interest so using top line menu item Setup then Parameters then Add Remove we removed ORP and Depth results from the data set Note that we have not deleted this information from the file but rather we are choosing not to display it You can always return to this function and add original data back Under the same Parameters function we have selected Attributes and changed the Average Interval from the default 0 to 60 Since data was collected every 15 minutes the change to a 60 minute interval helps to smooth out the graph and average out any short term noise events Next we again select Setup then Graph From the functions available we first selected Title Page and typed in a name Clear Lake Study 2 and below that we typed the parameters that are shown in the graph Just below Title Page we clicked on 2 Traces per Graph This combines adjacent parameters which is sometimes useful in parameter and event evaluation For example in the second graph shown in Figure 50 below you see that DO concentration and pH seem to track rather closely and change in a diurnal rhythm In actuality when DO levels drop in a natural body of water CO often builds up forming carbonic acid which leads to lower pH readings DO rises again during the day due to photosynthesis CO then falls a
316. ion 1 3 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION Inspect the outside of the shipping box for damage If any damage is detected contact your shipping carrier immediately Remove the equipment from the shipping box Some parts or supplies are loose in the shipping box so check the packing material carefully Check off all of the items on the packing list and inspect all of the assemblies and components for damage If any parts are damaged or missing contact your YSI representative immediately If you purchased the equipment directly from YSI or if you do not know from which YSI representative your equipment was purchased refer to Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact information YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 1 2 Sondes Section 2 SECTION 2 SONDES 2 1 GETTING STARTED The 6 Series Environmental Monitoring Systems are multi parameter water quality measurement and data collection systems They are intended for use in research assessment and regulatory compliance applications Section 2 concentrates on sondes and how to operate them during different applications A sonde is a torpedo shaped water quality monitoring device that is placed in the water to gather water quality data Sondes may have multiple probes Each probe may have one or more sensors that read water quality data The following list contains parameters that your sonde may measure See Appendix M Specifications for the specific parameters of
317. ions with the YSI 6025 YSI feels that the user will attain about the same accuracy with the YSI 6025 as with other commercial fluorometers that are designed to carry out in vivo determinations of environmental chlorophyll As for all measurements of this type the accuracy will be less than that attained if the user collects water samples and analyzes them in the laboratory by disrupting cells and quantifying by spectrophotometric or HPLC analysis of the extracted molecular chlorophyll as described in Standard Methods The relative accuracy of the in vivo measurement will be completely dependent on the method of calibration which the user employs see next question No matter what calibration technique is used however the readings from the YSI 6025 should approximately track the chlorophyll trends in the environmental water being analyzed For example if the user deploys the sensor and acquires readings over time at a standard sampling interval e g every 15 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual I 1 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I minutes the changes in the chlorophyll data will usually reflect increases or decreases in the phytoplankton content at the site over a long period of time If the user makes horizontal or vertical profiling spot readings in the same body of water then the sensor output will usually indicate the presence of more or less phytoplankton at the various sampling sites The figure below s
318. iosensor in the form of a membrane based on immobilized glucose oxidase to measure blood sugar accurately and rapidly In the next few years this technology was extended to other enzymes including lactate oxidase for applications in biotechnology health care and sports medicine In the early 1990s YSI launched a line of multi parameter water monitoring systems to address the emerging need to measure non point source pollution Today we have thousands of instruments in the field that operate with the push of a button store data in memory and communicate with computers These instruments described in this manual are ideal for profiling and monitoring water conditions in industrial and wastewater effluents lakes rivers wetlands estuaries coastal waters and monitoring wells If the instrument has on board battery power it can be left unattended for weeks at a time with measurement parameters sampled at your setup interval and data securely saved in the unit s internal memory The fast response of YSI s sensors make the systems ideal for vertical profiling and the small size of some our sondes allows them to fit down 2 inch diameter monitoring wells All of YSI s multi parameter systems feature the YSI patented Rapid Pulse Dissolved Oxygen Sensor which exhibits low stirring dependence and provides accurate results without an expensive bulky and power intensive stirrer YSI has established a worldwide network of selling partners in
319. is of the form Q K H K H Enter values for K1 P1 K2 and P2 Note if you do not need the second term in the equation simply enter zero for K2 After setting up the Equation we strongly recommend that you verify that the sonde is set up properly From the Flow Setup menu choose Test Flow Then choose the units and flow units that you prefer Enter a few values for Test Head and compare the resulting Test Flow values against values that you have calculated The final step is to return to the Report menu and choose the flow and volume units you wish to have in the report Note that the units in the report menu are independent of the units in the Flow Setup menu TABLE Table is used to calculate flow with primary measuring devices other than the ones already programmed in the sonde Equation is also sometimes useful for this purpose Table can also be used to calculate flow in streams for which there is data relating flow to level Once in the Flow Setup menu you must define your Table Do this by entering up to 50 pairs of Head and Flow data points Choose Setup Table Be sure to choose the units that match the data in your table Then enter each pair of points one by one It is not necessary to enter the points in order The software will put them in order There are items on the menu to edit the next point or the previous point to enter a new point to delete a point or to delete the entire table Later when the sonde is measuring
320. is shown in the figure below as a reference 36 DAY DEPLOYMENT OF CHLOROPHYLL SENSOR YSI SOUTHWEST OHIO TEST SITE 6920 SONDE Temp c 18 00 287 0554 1151 17 48 23 45 Chlorophyll ug L 304 0 18 00 23 57 05 54 11 51 17 48 23 45 02099 0247 99 02 25 99 0340499 0341499 0348 99 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 6 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I Note however that your may observe less or more noise at your site with no compromise in sensor performance Occasional spikes during a monitoring study are normal and usually simply indicate the transient passage of a large phytoplankton particle over the optical face during the time of sampling If you consistently observe periods in your monitoring study where the data is clearly unreliable due to a large number of very high spikes then you may have to take additional precautions to minimize the effect see next question Question 16 My unattended monitoring data shows a large number of chlorophyll spikes that clearly do not reflect the average phytoplankton content of the water What is causing this effect and is there anything I can do to minimize it This effect shown in the initial chlorophyll readings in the figure below can be caused by the presence of subsurface macroscopic filamentous algae DEPLOYMENT OF YSI 6025 CHLOROPHYLL SENSOR WITH PROTECTIVE SCREEN SOUTHWEST OHIO TEST SITE WITH FILAMENTOUS ALGAE PROTECTIVE SC
321. it for DO When this feature is enabled the sonde is forced to wait for the DO warm up time to expire before displaying any readings Note that in SDI12 mode or while calibrating the DO sensor the warm up time is used regardless of the activation of this item Disabling this item allows you to see data without having to wait during the DO warm up time Under normal operating conditions this item should be turned off If you are using the sonde with a data logger in RS232 mode and will be turning the sonde on and off for each sample then you may want to enable this item so that only stable DO data are recorded This item will only appear if the DO sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Wipes 1 If a turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT sensor is enabled this selection will determine the number of cleaning cycles which will occur when the wiper is activated manually or automatically Since the wiper functions bidirectionally a selection of 1 results in two passes of the wiper over the optical face In most applications a single cleaning cycle is adequate to keep the optical surface free of bubbles and fouling However in particularly harsh environments additional cleaning cycles may be needed and can be selected here This item will only appear if a turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT sensor is enabled in the Sensors menu Wipe Int 1 In applications where a turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT probe is installed in the sond
322. ite Designation and is characterized by two parameters a file name and a site name Files logged to 650 memory under a Single Site Designations will be characterized primarily by the file name but will also have the Site name attached so that it is viewable in either the 650 File directory or in EcoWatch for Windows after upload to a PC Site Designations associated with applications where data from multiple sites are logged to a single file This type is referred to as a Multi site Designation and is characterized by three parameters a file name a site name and a site number Files logged to 650 memory under Multi site Designations are characterized by a file name but not a site name since multiple sites are involved However each data point has a Site Number attached to it so that the user can easily determine the sampling site when viewing the data from the 650 File menu or processing the data in EcoWatch for Windows after upload to a PC When reading the following section on the use of the 650 Site list remember that a Site List is a compilation of individual entries called Site Designations Single Site Designations are used when the data from a particular location is always logged to the same single file A Single Site Designation is characterized by a unique file name Multi Site Designations are used when data from several locations are logged to a single file For Multi site Designations there will a single File Name with mu
323. ith high impact resistance Large non volatile memory Simple cellular phone style keypad Simple intuitive user interface Choice of alkaline batteries or optional rechargeable battery pack Fuel gauge display of battery capacity User selectable backlight Handstrap standard or hands free harness optional for user comfort Optional barometer Optional GPS interface Compatibility with YSI EcoWatch for Windows data analysis software User upgradeable software via the YSI Web page CE and Australian C Tick Compliance Partnered with a YSI 6 Series sonde the 650 will allow the user to easily e Display real time readings from YSI 6 series sondes Log real time sonde data to internal meter memory with custom site lists Calibrate 6 series sondes Set up 6 series sondes for deployment Upload data from sondes for transfer to PC 3 2 GETTING STARTED This section is designed to quickly familiarize you with the hardware and software components of the YSI 650 and its accessories By the end of Section 3 2 you will have Unpacked the YSI 650 and confirmed that all components are present Become familiar with the general features and setup configurations of your YSI 650 Installed batteries in the YSI 650 Established communication between your 6 series sonde and the YSI 650 Viewed data from your 6 series sonde on the YSI 650 display Learned the basics of making alphanumeric entries from the keypad by setting the YSI 650 clock and en
324. ity Measurements Appendix E calibration cup with a gray rather than black bottom b using a calibration cup with a black bottom which has been contaminated with impurities or c having the probe too close to a the calibration cup bottom To overcome a be sure to use install the black bottom that came with your 6136 into your calibration cup To overcome b be sure that the black bottom of the calibration cup is clean before performing a calibration To overcome c make certain that you engage only ONE THREAD when screwing the calibration cup onto the sonde in order to keep the turbidity probe face as far as possible from the calibration cup bottom to avoid interference To completely overcome the interference problem you can use laboratory glassware such as beakers to calibrate the 6136 with its sensor guard in place as described in Section 2 6 1 above However this latter method will require larger volumes of calibration standard You might observe readings during sampling which appear unreasonable from visual inspection of the water Bubbles on the optics of the sensor usually cause the problem Activate the wiper to remove the bubbles If the readings are still unreasonable remove the sonde completely from the water and then replace in the water If problems are still evident remove the sonde guard and check general probe function by placing your finger or thumb over the optics as described above If the probe does not respond cont
325. ive Zinc Anode Appendix L WARNING The zinc anode must not interfere with the ability to properly attach of the pressure cap to the sonde connector the cap MUST be threaded all the way down to prevent leaks into the connector Therefore the anode must also NOT be placed over the threads of the connector YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual L 4 Specifications Appendix M APPENDIX M SPECIFICATIONS SONDE SPECIFICATIONS 6600 SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size Power Battery Life 6920 SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter YSI Incorporated Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Ammonium Nitrate Chloride depth shallow medium deep shallow vented Turbidity Chlorophyll and Rhodamine WT fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 656 feet 200 meters 40 to 60 C for sonde and all sensors except pH and pH ORP 20 to 60 C for pH and pH ORP sensors PVC Stainless Steel 3 5 inches 8 9 cm 19 6 inches 49 8 cm with no depth 21 6 inches 54 9 cm with depth 7 pounds 3 18 kg with depth and batteries but no added bottom weight RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter
326. ix When this item is enabled the sonde will replace decimal points with commas when printing numbers NOTE Regardless of this setting SDI 12 D commands will still respond using a decimal point 5 Auto sleep RS232 Activation of this feature enables a power savings system when communicating with the sonde in RS 232 mode When enabled power is only applied to the sensors during sampling or calibration The most important aspect of this feature is its effect on the dissolved oxygen protocol as described in Section 2 9 2 For this reason this feature should be activated for long term monitoring studies in the RS 232 communication mode and deactivated for sampling studies where the user is present and the sonde runs continuously Even with Autosleep inactive the sonde will sleep after one minute with no communications 6 Auto sleep SDI12 Activation of this feature enables the power savings system when communicating with the sonde in SDI 12 mode This is basically the same as item 5 above except that it is used in communication via the SDI 12 interface Also the sonde will sleep in about 100 milliseconds in the absence of communication rather that waiting one minute in the Auto sleep RS 232 mode YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 88 Sondes Section 2 7 Multi SDI12 Modifies the SDI12 protocol as follows 1 No SDI12 service request will be issued 2 Break commands will not cause a measurement rea
327. kaline C cells remove batteries dispose of batteries properly and dry the battery compartment completely ideally using compressed air If corrosion is present on the battery terminals contact YSI Customer Service for instructions If leakage into the battery compartment is observed when using the 6117 rechargeable battery pack remove the battery assembly and set aside to dry Return the battery pack to YSI Product Service for evaluation of YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 60 650 MDS Section 3 possible damage Finally dry the battery compartment completely ideally using compressed air If corrosion is present on the battery terminals contact YSI Customer Service for instructions Z caution If water has contacted the rechargeable battery pack do not attempt to reuse it until it has been evaluated by YSI Product Service Failure to follow this precaution can result in serious injury to the user If it is suspected that leakage into the main cavity of the case has occurred remove the batteries immediately and return the instrument to YSI Product Service for damage assessment CAUTION Under no circumstances should the user attempt to open the main case 3 14 650 MDS SPECIFICATIONS Resistance to Water Leakage IP 67 for both the standard alkaline battery configuration and for the rechargeable battery pack option Operating Temperature Range for Visible Display 10 to 60 Degrees Celsius Storage Tempe
328. l be logged to a single file The communication cable may be disconnected and internal battery power used to operate the sonde Alternatively the sonde may connect via SDI 12 communication to a data collection platform DCP Sondes without batteries need to be connected to an external power source for unattended sampling Select 1 Run from the Main menu to begin taking readings or to set verify the parameters required for a study There are two options in the Run menu as shown below Run setup 1 Discrete sample 2 Unattended sample Select option 0 for previous menu 1 DISCRETE SAMPLING Select 1 Discrete sample from the Run menu The Discrete sample menu will be displayed Discrete 1 Start sampling 2 Sample interval 4 3 File 4 Site 5 Open file Select option 0 for previous menu Select 2 Sample Interval to type a number that represents the number of seconds between samples The maximum sample interval is 32767 seconds 9 hours The factory default sample interval is 4 seconds and works best for most discrete sampling applications See section 2 9 1 for more details Select 3 File to enter a filename with a maximum of 8 characters This is the file to which you will log readings If you started sampling without entering a filename the default name NONAMEI will be assigned to your file Whenever you press 1 LOG last sample or 2 LOG ON OFF from the menu NONAME will be opened during sampling If this happens and you
329. l to tighten the probe With the connectors aligned screw down the probe nut using the long extended end of the probe installation tool Do not over tighten PROBE INSTALLATION CAUTION Do not cross thread the probe nut TOOL A YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 13 Sondes Section 2 INSTALLING THE ISE PROBES Figure 28 The Ammonium Nitrate and Chloride ISE probes do not have slip ISE PROBE nuts and should be installed without tools Use only your fingers ATS NITRATE OR AMMONIUM to tighten Any ISE probe can be installed in any of the three f N ports labeled 3 4 and 5 on the sonde bulkhead Be sure to remember which sensor was installed in which port so that you will later be able to set up the sonde software correctly INSERT ISE PROBE SCREW IN AND TIGHTEN WITH FINGERS Figure 29 IMPORTANT Make sure that the probe nut or probe body PROBE BODY TO SEAT of the ISE probes are seated directly on the Sonde Bulkhead ON BULKHEAD This will ensure that connector seals will not allow leakage P S PROBE NUT TO SEAT ON BULKHEAD ISE PROBE DO PROBE INSTALLING THE PROBE GUARD Included with each sonde is a probe guard The probe guard protects the probes during calibration and measurement procedures Once the probes are installed install this guard by aligning it with the threads on the bulkhead and turn the guard clockwise until secure CAUTION Be careful not to damage t
330. led with gloves Be certain to read the safety instructions provided by the supplier with this chemical before preparing solution standards from the solid material Remember that only trained personnel should handle chemicals Use the following procedure to prepare a rhodamine B solution for use as a sensor stability check reagent 5 Rhodamine B dye is a commonly used marker reagent and can be purchased from chemical supply houses such as Sigma Aldrich YSI used Rhodamine B from Aldrich Chemical Company Item R95 3 and since this dye can vary with regard to its purity we recommend that the user purchase this exact item if possible Purchase the minimum quantity possible since only very dilute solutions of the dye will be required 6 Accurately weigh 0 0500 g of the Rhodamine B solid and quantitatively transfer to a 500 mL volumetric flask Dissolve the solid in purified distilled or deionized water and then fill the flask to the volumetric mark with deionized or distilled water This solution contains 100 mg of Rhodamine B per 1000 mL of water 7 Accurately transfer 5 0 mL of the solution prepared in the above step to a 1000 mL volumetric flask and then fill the flask to the volumetric mark with purified water Mix well to obtain a solution which is 0 5 mg L in water a 200 1dilution of the concentrated solution 8 Store the concentrated standard solution in a darkened glass bottle in a refrigerator to retard decomposition The dilute
331. level and calculating flow it will linearly interpolate between points in the table After setting up the Table we strongly recommend that you verify that the sonde is set up properly From the Flow Setup menu choose Test Flow Then choose the units and flow units used in the table Enter a few values for Test Head and compare the resulting Test Flow values against values in the original table The final step is to return to the Report menu and choose the flow and volume units you wish to have in the report Note that the units in the report menu are independent of the units in the Flow Setup menu DEPLOYING YOUR SONDE WEIR Deployment of the sonde in a weir is normally very simple Generally the point of level measurement is recommended to be at a distance upstream of the weir equal to 3 to 4 times the maximum level expected however do not deploy the sonde without knowing the design measurement point for the weir you are using If flow is overly turbulent and readings are jumpy then it may be necessary to install a stilling well YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual F 13 Flow Appendix F for the sonde If other water quality measurements are of interest DO pH etc then take care that the stilling well does not overly isolate the sonde from the water in the channel Deploy the sonde so that the pressure sensor on the side of the sonde is slightly below the lowest level expected Be sure the sonde is in
332. libration Standards for specific contact information 6 1 CALIBRATION ERRORS There are only three Calibration Error messages that are possible and are listed below instead of in the troubleshooting table Only two of the error messages are related to sensor performance High DO Charge This message indicates a malfunction in the DO sensor that is generally due to the roughness of the electrodes on the surface of the probe face The charge associated with the DO sensor must be in the range 25 to 100 or the error message will appear when calibration is attempted If this error message is encountered remove the DO probe from the sonde and resurface it according to the instructions in Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage After resurfacing the probe activate the DO charge parameter in the Report setup section of the sonde software and confirm that the value is within the acceptable range After resurfacing allow the sensor to pulse in the Run mode for at least 5 minutes during which time the DO charge may be expected to drop in value if the sensor is still functional If resurfacing according to the instructions in Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage does not result in a lowering of the charge contact YSI Customer Service for additional help Out of Range This message indicates that the output of the sensor being calibrated does not conform to the normal range for this parameter This problem could be due to either a malfunctioning s
333. ll or downward pointing sensors or low usually employed for downwell or upward pointing sensors After sensitivity configuration the outputs of the sensors are fed into the main sonde PCB thorough ISE ports ISE3 and ISE4 The ports can in turn be configured in the Sensor and Report menus to show the presence of the PAR sensors PARI for ISE3 and PAR2 for ISE4 allowing the user to view or internally log their data during profiling or unattended monitoring studies If the default settings of the sonde software are accepted the PAR outputs will simply be in millivolts However it is also possible to enter the calibration constants provided by Li Cor into the sonde software through the Advanced Sensor menu If these constants are entered then the units viewed or logged from the PAR sensors will be shown as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density with units of umoles second m A typical Certificate of Calibration as supplied by Li Cor is shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual K 1 PAR Sensor Appendix K CERTIFICATE OF CALIBRATION Model Number LI 192SA UNDERWATER QUANTUM SENSOR Serial Number L WOQ461 31 Calivration Constact 4 1 Gm air Calibration Multiplier 239 23 in sir 3 17 Cin water 315 78 Gn water Units microamps per 1000 pma 4 m Units pundol s 1 m 2 per microamp Please consult rhe instruction manual for further information on tke calibration constant and cali
334. ll easily be able to access previously entered Site Designation information from this the Site List at each field site and thus simplify your record keeping and logging procedures To utilize the full capability of the 650 logging system you will need to understand how to set up and use these two types of Site Designations particularly if you are performing multiple or replicate logging studies at various field sites The following discussion and examples should help you understand how to set up site lists for various applications LOGGING OF DATA TO 650 MEMORY FROM SINGLE SITES TO SINGLE FILES USE OF SINGLE SITE DESIGNATIONS IN A SITE LIST The setup and use of Single Site Designations will be provided in the following application example Water quality data needs to be collected for two sites at the West and East ends of a lake Blue Lake at various time intervals for 30 days The environmental scientists want all of the data for each site to be in a separate data file that can be reported from EcoWatch for Windows or from a spreadsheet The key to this application is that each physical location will need to be characterized by a different File Name in the Site Designation To establish a site list in the 650 memory for this application highlight the Logging setup selection in the 650 Main menu and press Enter The following screen will appear Make certain that the selection Use Site list is active to display the full capability of the Logging s
335. lly Active Radiation that is available from YSI Massachusetts See Section 8 for contact information and Appendix K for a brief description of the PAR system for potential users A submenu similar to that below will appear if either Optic T or Optic C is chosen as a sensor Turbidity 6026 Turbidity 6136 Chlorophyll Rhodamine Select option 0 for previous menu Any available optical probe can be installed in any optical port on YSI 6 series sondes Ifa single port is present 600 OMS 6820 6920 then the port will be designated Optic T in the software even though the port is not physically labeled with a T on the bulkhead The two optical ports in the 6600 are labeled Optic T and Optic C both in the software and on the bulkhead Selection of either Optic T or Optic C in the software will produce submenus that allow the proper optical sensor to be selected Note however that only one probe of any type can be installed and activated in the 6600 sonde For example it is not possible to use chlorophyll probes in both Optic T and Optic C ports of the 6600 NOTE If you are using a previously purchased 6036 turbidity probe discontinued on 1 1 02 with your sonde select the Turbidity 6026 option in the above menu 2 9 8 ADVANCED From the Sonde Main menu select 8 Advanced to display the sensor calibration constants additional setup options sensor coefficients and constants and di
336. ltiple Site Names and Site Numbers The following displays show examples of Single and Multi Site Designations Edit site list Site list Filename Site name BRIDGEL Site List MIAMI RIY F to move a site w to insert a site Single Site Designations a to delete a site with Different File Names Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 8mmilg 07 11 2001 14 46 46 ENE YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 36 650 MDS Section 3 Edit site list Site list i Filename Site name i Site List e or e to move a site w to insert a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same Multi Site Designations with filename as the previous site the Same File Name N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 9mmig 07 11 2001145407 PNE E Note that Site lists containing Single Site Designations are usually input with the designation Store Site Number INACTIVE in the 650 Logging setup menu Thus no site numbers appear in the first Site list example Conversely Site lists containing Multi Site Designations MUST be input with the Store Site Number selection ACTIVE as shown in the second example As noted above establishment of either of these two types of Site Designations that are stored in 650 memory in a Site List will allow you to log field data to the 650 memory without entering file site information from the 650 keypad in the field at each site You wi
337. ly only evident when the sonde is deployed in very clear water where the readings might appear as slightly negative values e g a turbidity of 0 1 NTU would appear as 0 4 NTU You can avoid this small error by calibrating your sensor in laboratory glassware using the long black bottomed probe guard supplied with the sensor After installing the probe guard place sensors in a glass beaker of the appropriate size 600 mL for the 6820 6920 or 800 mL for the 6600 and then place the entire apparatus on a black surface Then carry out the calibration as described below Using this method there will be no error in field readings caused by calibration vessel interference The only disadvantage of this method is that it requires a much larger volume of calibration solution for both the 6820 6920 and 6600 as noted in Tables 1 and 3 above CALIBRATION OF 600 OMS CONDUCTIVITY SENSOR In order to conserve calibration solution the 600 OMS conductivity sensor should be calibrated with the optical probe removed and the optical port plug securely tightened The volume of conductivity solution provided in Table 4 above reflects this special condition In addition it is recommended that the sonde be shaken vigorously after immersion in the conductivity reagent to assure that bubbles are expelled from the cell An instruction sheet dealing in greater detail with the special requirements for calibration of 600 OMS sensors is included with the sonde Be sure to
338. m of 8 characters You will log readings to the filename that you enter If you started sampling without entering a filename the default name NONAME I will be assigned to your file Whenever you press 1 LOG last sample or 2 LOG ON OFF from the menu NONAME 1 will be opened during sampling If this happens and you want to restart the file with a different name press 5 Close file and rename the file Select 4 Site to assign a site name with a maximum of 31 characters This allows you to enter the name of the site where you are sampling When you select 5 Open File a file is opened and the number 5 changes to Close File When you are finished logging data to the file press 5 Close File and designation changes back to Open File When you start logging the Open File designation changes automatically to Close File Now select 1 Start sampling to start discrete sampling After the initial sampling time interval has passed sequential lines of data will appear on the screen and you can log single or sequential data points and wipe the surface of your optical probe as described above UNATTENDED SAMPLING This option is used for long term deployment of the battery powered sonde when the user is not present at the site Prior to this selection the sonde is usually attached to a computer in a laboratory and set up to automatically log data to sonde memory at a fairly long time interval 15 60 minutes The unit is then taken to the field site and left
339. m storage methods are equally acceptable 1 Remove all probes other than dissolved oxygen conductivity and temperature from the sonde and seal the vacant ports with the provided port plugs Leave the electrolyte and membrane in place on the dissolved oxygen sensor Fill the calibration cup with water tap deionized or distilled are equally acceptable and insert the sonde Make certain the water level is high enough to completely cover the DO sensor Seal the vessel to prevent evaporation of the water At the end of the storage time remove the existing membrane and re membrane the probe using new electrolyte 2 Remove the dissolved oxygen sensor from the sonde leaving the electrolyte and membrane in place Store the probes in water tap deionized or distilled are equally acceptable in a beaker flask or other vessel of the user s choice Be sure not to damage the membrane or the probe tip when placing the probe on the bottom of the vessel If possible cover the vessel with parafilm or plastic wrap to minimize evaporation of the water during long term storage Monitor the water level in the storage vessel periodically and replenish if loss due to evaporation occurs At the end of the storage time remove the existing membrane and re membrane the probe using new electrolyte Because the user cannot remove the dissolved oxygen probe of the 600R and 600QS from the sonde a slightly different long term storage protocol is required For 600 syst
340. manufacturer may result in a risk of fire electric shock or injury to persons 6 To reduce risk of damage to cigarette lighter and cord pull by cigarette lighter rather than cord when disconnecting charger 7 Make sure that the cord is located so that it will not be stepped on tripped over or otherwise subjected to damage or stress 8 Do not operate charger with damaged cord or cigarette lighter connector replace it immediately 9 Do not operate charger if it has received a sharp blow been dropped or otherwise damaged in any way contact YSI Customer Service 10 Do not disassemble charger other than to change the fuse as instructed Replace the part or send it to YSI Product Service if repair is required Incorrect reassembly may result in a risk of electric shock or fire 11 To reduce risk of electric shock unplug charger before attempting any maintenance or cleaning Turning off controls will not reduce this risk A 650 Water Leakage Safety Information The 650 has been tested and shown to comply with IP67 criterion i e submersion in meter of water for 30 minutes with no leakage into either the battery compartment or the main case However if the instrument is submersed for periods of time in excess of 30 minutes leakage may occur with subsequent damage to the batteries the rechargeable battery pack circuitry and or the electronics in the main case If leakage into the battery compartment is observed when using al
341. me package as your 6136 The combination of lengthening the probe guard and changing the color for the calibration cup bottom from gray to black result will effectively eliminate interference from the extended beam penetration of the new sensor You should NOT use your old probe guard or calibration cup with gray bottom with your new design 6136 sensor I use a steel sonde weight when deploying my sonde Will reflection from the shiny surface cause problems for my new 6136 turbidity sensor If you use the lengthened probe guard supplied with your new turbidity sensor there will be a slight reflection from the shiny surface that is detected as an artificially high reading of approximately 1 5 NTU If the low region of the turbidity range is particularly important to you you may wish to purchase high quality flat black spray paint from your local hardware supplier and paint the internal surface of the weight Note that depending on your site you may have to repaint the surface occasionally if the painted surface is damaged Will YSI continue to repair replace the 6026 For 6026 sensors which are under warranty 1 year from date of purchase YSI will at our discretion either repair the sensors or replace them with a new design sensor at no cost to the customer For old design sensors that are out of warranty YSI will repair the sensor if possible at a nominal cost to the customer or if repair is not possible replace it with a new design sensor a
342. menu as described in Section 2 9 6 Report For ten or more parameters the sonde returns 3 lt gt 2 A B etc After finishing the measurement the Sonde will usually send a service request a CR LF to the bus master The bus master can then retrieve the measurement result by DO to D9 commands see below If the Sonde does not send a service request within the specified maximum time the measurement is canceled The bus master can then restart with another M command al Send identification allcecececemmmmmmvvvxxx xxx CR LF 1 2 character SDI 12 level number c 8 character manufacturer identification This field always contains YSITWQSG YSI Inc Water Quality Systems Group m 6 character model number This field always contains EM600_ or EM 6920 Environmental Monitoring System Sonde depending on the sonde v 3 character version number This field holds the sonde s software version number 100 for version 1 00 Master aDO to aD9 Retrieve measurement verifying data Sonde a lt values gt CR LF lt values gt 33 characters or less This field holds one or more values resulting from a measurement or verifying sequence A value contains between to 7 digits with an optional radix mark period or comma Each value must be preceded by its sign either or since the sign is also used to delimit multiple values If the number of values
343. mer membrane which selectively interacts with nitrate ions When the probe is immersed in water a potential is established across the membrane that depends on the relative amounts of nitrate in the sample and the internal filling solution This potential is read relative to the Ag AgCl reference electrode of the sonde pH probe As for all ISEs the linear relationship between the logarithm of the nitrate activity or concentration in dilute solution and the observed voltage as predicted by the Nernst equation is the basis for the determination Under ideal conditions the Nernst equation predicts a response of 59 mV for every 10 fold rise in nitrate activity at 25 C However in practice empirical calibration of the electrode is necessary to establish the slope of the response Typical slopes are 53 58 mV per decade for YSI sensors This slope value is determined by calibration with two solutions of known nitrate concentration typically 1 mg L and 100 mg L NO N The slope of the plot of log nitrate vs voltage is also a function of temperature changing from its value at calibration by a factor of the ratio of the absolute temperatures at calibration to that at measurement The point where this new plot of log nitrate vs voltage intersects the calibration plot is called the isopotential point that is the nitrate concentration at which changes in temperature cause no change in voltage Our experience with ISEs indicates that for best accuracy
344. mptied and refilled CAUTION It is important to keep the tube in vented sondes and cables dry They are supplied with caps for closing the volume when not in use Keep the caps on until just before calibration and deployment For storage replace the caps YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 99 Sondes Section 2 6882 CHLORIDE 6883 NITRATE AND 6884 AMMONIUM SENSORS You should clean these probes whenever deposits or contaminants appear on the ion selective membranes located on the tips of these sensor modules If possible the module should be cleaned while installed in the sonde PLIERS SLIP JAW bulkhead Use clean water and a moist piece of lens cleaning tissue to gently wipe the sensor membranes until no more contaminants are removed However under some conditions it may be necessary to remove the module from the sonde bulkhead for cleaning and or storage To remove the module follow the diagram at the side Remove the module with finger pressure only if possible However it is acceptable to use small pliers if necessary to loosen the module for final removal by hand Be very careful not to squeeze the module any more than is necessary for a firm grip Use slipjaw pliers to minimize the chance of applying too much pressure on the module While the module is removed from the sonde be sure to dry the sonde port and probe connector with compressed air and apply a very thin coat of lubricant to the O ring before r
345. ms Manual 2 47 Sondes Section 2 Select 6 Delete all files to IRREVERSIBLY remove all files INCLUDING the glp file that contains calibration information from the sonde flash disk memory It is critical not to use this option until all relevant data from sonde memory is transferred to your computer via one of the upload options There is a verification screen that appears so that pressing the number 6 key does not immediately delete all files REPORTING AND PLOTTING DATA WITH ECOWATCH There are many features in EcoWatch related to viewing plotting manipulating and reporting data collected from a 6 Series sonde EcoWatch includes a Windows Help section for convenient reference that describes all of the software s features This section of the manual describes the most commonly used functions of the program and Section 4 EcoWatch for Windows is a detailed manual for EcoWatch software For the purposes of describing and demonstrating EcoWatch plotting reporting and data manipulation capabilities we use the file SAMPLE DAT available on the compact disk that was enclosed with your 6 series sonde This file will be copied to your hard drive during EcoWatch installation and should be available to you for the instructions below When you are ready to move beyond the example SAMPLE DAT file and analyze data collected from the sonde locate and open the appropriate DAT file from your data upload exercise These data are normally found at C ECOWWI
346. n In general the best way to minimize errors is to calibrate with phytoplankton standards of known chlorophyll content that are as close as possible in temperature to that of the environmental water under investigation EFFECT OF FOULING ON OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS Field optical measurements are particularly susceptible to fouling not only from long term build up of biological and chemical debris but also to shorter term formation of bubbles from outgassing of the YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 23 Principles of Operation Section 5 environmental water These bubbles can sometimes be removed in short term sampling applications by simply agitating the sonde manually For studies longer than a few hours where the user is not present at the site the quality of the chlorophyll data obtained with a fluorescence sensor that has no capability of mechanical cleaning is likely to be compromised The YSI 6025 probe is equipped with a mechanical wiper that makes it ideal for unattended applications The wiper can be activated in real time during discrete sampling operations or will function automatically just before each sample is taken during long term unattended monitoring studies The number of wiper movements and the frequency of the cleaning cycle for the unattended mode can be set in the sonde software Generally one wiper movement is sufficient for most environmental applications but in media with particularly heavy fouling
347. n cleaned and is free of debris Solid particles from this source particularly those carried over from past deployments will contaminate the standards during your calibration protocol and cause either calibration errors and or inaccurate field data e One standard must be 0 NTU and this standard must be calibrated first To begin the calibration place the correct amount see Tables 1 5 of 0 NTU standard clear deionized or distilled water into the calibration cup provided with your sonde Immerse the sonde in the water Input the value 0 NTU at the prompt and press Enter The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Activate the wiper 1 2 times by pressing 3 Clean Optics as shown on the screen to remove any bubbles After stabilization is complete press Enter to confirm the first calibration and then as instructed press Enter to continue Dry the sonde carefully and then place the sonde in the second turbidity standard 100 NTU is suggested using the same container as for the 0 NTU standard Input the correct turbidity value in NTU press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time As above activate the wiper with the 3 key or manually rotate the sonde to remove bubbles After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration and then press Enter to return to the Calibrate menu NOTE CAREFULLY If you are calibra
348. n grams per liter Total dissolved solids in kilograms per liter Salinity in parts per thousand set to local barometer at calibration Dissolved oxygen in air saturation Dissolved oxygen in milligrams per liter Dissolved oxygen sensor charge Pressure in pounds per square inch absolute Pressure in pounds per square inch relative Water column in meters Water column in feet pH in standard units millivolts associated with the pH reading Oxidation reduction potential value in millivolts Ammonium Nitrogen in milligrams liter Ammonium Nitrogen in millivolt reading Ammonia Nitrogen in milligrams liter Nitrate Nitrogen in milligrams liter Nitrate Nitrogen in millivolt reading Chloride in milligrams liter Chloride in millivolt reading Turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units from 6026 sensor Turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units from 6136 sensor Chlorophyll in micrograms liter Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 84 Sondes Section 2 Fluor FS Fluorescence in percent Full Scale Rhod ug L Rhodamine WT in micrograms liter DOsat Local Dissolved oxygen in air saturation set to 100 at calibration PARI Output from special photosynthetically active radiation sensor in mv or Photon Flux Density in umoles sec m2 PAR 2 Output from special photosynthetically active radiation sensor in mv or Photon Flux Density in umoles sec m2 2 9 7 SENSOR The Sensor menu allows you to Enable or Disable turn on or off any av
349. n the buffer reservoir Protons H ions on both sides of the glass media and buffer reservoir selectively interact with the glass setting up a potential gradient across the glass membrane Since the hydrogen ion concentration in the internal buffer solution is invariant this potential difference determined relative to the Ag AgCl reference electrode is proportional to the pH of the media The pH system of the 600R utilizes individual glass sensing and reference electrodes but the operating principle is the same Our testing of the 6561 pH 6565 and 6566 pH ORP sensors and 600R pH system indicates that they should provide long life good response time and accurate readings in most environmental waters including freshwater of low ionic strength Thus no special sensor is required nor offered for water of low conductivity CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The software of the sondes calculates pH from the established linear relationship between pH and the millivolt output as defined by a variation of the Nernst equation E E 2 3RT pH where E millivolts output nF E a constant associated with the reference electrode T temperature of measurement in degrees Kelvin R n and F are invariant constants Thus in simplified y mx b form it is mv output slope x pH intercept In order to quantify this simple relationship the instrument must be calibrated properly using commercially available buffers of known pH values
350. n to follow the supplier s warnings when using hydrochloric acid 4 Store the concentrated standard solution in a darkened glass bottle in a refrigerator to retard decomposition The dilute standard prepared in the previous step should be used within hour of its preparation When Acridine Orange standards are required in the future perform another dilution of the concentrated dye solution after warming it to ambient temperature Our experience has indicated that the concentrated solution that has been kept at cold temperatures is much more stable than the dilute solution stored at room temperature It is well known that the intensity of the fluorescence of many dyes shows an inverse relationship with temperature The effect must also be accounted for when calibrating the YSI chlorophyll sensor with Acridine Orange Enter the calibration value from the table below corresponding to the temperature of the standard WARNING The Chl Tempco factor in the Advanced Sensor menu MUST BE SET TO ZERO when calibrating with Acridine Orange The following table shows an approximate phytoplankton chlorophyll equivalent of 0 2 mg L Acridine Orange dye as a function of temperature YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 20 Principles of Operation Section 5 C ug L Chl to C ug L Chl to Enter Enter RHODAMINE B STANDARD SOLUTION CAUTION Rhodamine B is listed as a possible carcinogen mutagen and should be hand
351. n will be manual rather than automatic if the unit is set up properly for spot sampling applications Autosleep deactivated The DO readings of steady state oxygen systems are greatly affected by temperature approximately 3 per degree Celsius due to the effect of temperature on the diffusion of oxygen through the membrane The Rapid Pulse system exhibits a greatly reduced effect of temperature approximately 1 per degree Celsius but this factor still must be accounted for if DO readings acquired at temperatures different from that at calibration are to be accurate The sonde software automatically carries out this compensation In addition the relationship between the measured partial pressure of oxygen percent saturation and the solubility of oxygen in mg L is very temperature dependent For example air saturated water 100 percent saturated contains 9 09 mg L at 20 C but only 7 65 mg L at 30 C The sonde software compensates for both of these temperature related factors after instrument calibration The temperature compensation for the percent saturation reading is empirically derived while the conversion from percent saturation and temperature to a solubility in mg L is carried out using formulae available in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater ed 1989 See Appendix D Solubility and Pressure Altitude Tables for dissolved oxygen solubility tables as a function of salinity and temperature FLOW DEPENDE
352. name selections and that tips about the meaning of these terms is provided at the bottom of the display depending on the position of the cursor Edit site list Site list _______ Filename Site name eA or to move a site to insert a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 9mmig 07 11 2001143354 _ e Edit site list Site list Filename Site name eA or y to move a site m to insert a site i to delete a site Tip Sitename will added to the header of new files N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74Limmig 06 09 2000 08 53 48 a To make Site list entries for this application begin by highlighting the Filename position pressing Enter and inputting the file name WEST in this case from the keypad Press Enter to confirm the entry and the cursor will automatically move to the right for the entry of a Site name Enter BLUE LAKE for the site and press Enter to confirm the entry The cursor will move automatically to the next Filename entry position Now enter EAST for the file name and BLUE LAKE for the site name pressing Enter after each entry to confirm Your site list should appear like that in the following display Edit site list Site list Filename Site name WEST or Y to move a site to insert a site i to delete a site Tip Sitename will added
353. nd Wastewater Ed 1989 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 7 Specifications Appendix M Chloride Sensor Type Solid state ion selective electrode Range 0 1000 mg L ACCUTACY seeieeeeeeee 15 of reading or 5 mg L whichever is greater Resolution 0 001 mg L to 1 mg L range dependent Depth 15 meters SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS EcoWatch for Windows included IBM PC compatible computer with CD ROM drive and with a 386 processor or better running Windows software Compatible with Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows ME Windows NT and Windows 2000 Minimum RAM requirement 4 megabytes YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 8 YSI incorporated 1700 1725 Brannum Lane Yellow Springs Ohio 45387 USA 800 765 4974 937 767 7241 FAX 937 767 9320 Website http www ysi com E mail info ysi com Item 069300 Drawing A69300 Revision B January 2002 YSI 6 SERIES MANUAL SUPPLEMENT CONFIGURATION AND DEPLOYMENT INSTRUCTIONS FOR YSI MODEL 6600EDS SONDES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 ABOUT THE 6600EDS 2 PREPARING THE 6600EDS FOR USE 2 1 PROBE INSTALLATION 2 2 WIPER INSTALLATION AND CARE 2 3 USING ANTI FOULING PAINT ON 6600EDS COMPONENTS 3 DEPLOYMENT INSTRUCTIONS 3 1 CALIBRATION 3 2 DEPLOYMENT PREPARATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 3 3 DEPLOYMENT SITE CONSIDERATIONS 4 6600EDS REPLACEMENT PA
354. nd pH increases again The final plot after making these changes in shown in Figure 50 Figure 51 Customizing a Graph from SAMPLE DAT YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 57 Sondes Section 2 Eco atch SAMPLE DAT jale e SHINN EB EL LN IAI eee 2 Finally we selected File Save Data Display and gave the custom plot the name 4PARAM to that the presentation can be immediately recalled in the future As you become more familiar with EcoWatch for Windows the plotting analysis and reporting functions can be accomplished easily and quickly Practice with all of the functions and again do not forget to use Window s Help for more detail or see Section 4 EcoWatch for Windows YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 58 Sondes Section 2 2 9 SONDE MENU The functions of the sondes are accessible through the sonde menu The sonde menu structure makes it simple and convenient to select functions This section provides a description of the menus and their capabilities When moving between menus within the sonde software structure use the 0 or Esc to back up to the previous menu To exit menus and return to the sonde command line the sign press 0 or Esc until the question Exit menu Y N appears Type Y and the command prompt will be shown To return to the Main sonde menu type menu and press Enter To return to the Main menu of the sonde type menu afte
355. nde memory Finally the file site list capability associated with the 650 is more powerful than that of the sonde allowing you to log data from several sites to a single file If these applications are important to you then it is likely that logging directly to 650 memory should be your first choice Naturally if your sonde is a 600R 600XL or 6820 with no memory pre 1999 then you will be REQUIRED to log your sonde data directly to the 650 Before proceeding in this section be sure that you review Section 3 5 1 above which describes the basics of logging with a 650 either to sonde or to 650 memory The following sections will provide details and examples of the flexibility of logging sonde data to 650 memory The distinction between a simple occasional logging with file and site names entered at the logging site and b logging to a more sophisticated file structure where file parameters are entered into a site list prior to going to the field will be described 3 5 3 2 SIMPLE LOGGING TO 650 MEMORY The term simple logging to 650 memory refers to the method of defining file and site names for the study In applications of this type the user inputs new file and site optional names for each study at the time the data is logged IMPORTANT The Use site list selection in the 650 Logging setup menu should be INACTIVE for the example below which demonstrates simple logging A user with a 600XL 650 system wants to store a continuous
356. ne the width of the channel its roughness and slope Roughness is given in many fluid hydraulics texts and other engineering references as the Manning coefficient n Empirical values for n are given in the same references for most commonly found materials used in open channel construction Slope is the ratio of rise to run For example if a channel drops one foot every one hundred feet the value of the slope would be 0 01 After setting up the Manning Equation we strongly recommend that you verify that the sonde is set up properly From the Flow Setup menu choose Test Flow Then choose the units and flow units that you prefer Enter a few values for Test Head and judge whether the resulting Test Flow values are reasonable You might even want to try doing the calculation yourself YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual F 12 Flow Appendix F The final step is to return to the Report menu and choose the flow and volume units you wish to have in the report Note that the units in the report menu are independent of the units in the Flow Setup menu EQUATION Equation is used to calculate flow with primary measuring devices other than the ones already programmed in the sonde Table is also sometimes useful for this purpose Once in the Flow Setup menu you must define the equation First choose the units for the equation It is very important that the units chosen match the coefficients for the equation The equation
357. need Q Sonde L Field Cable Q Computer with Com Port Q 6095B MS 8 DB 9 Adapter Q Power Supply Not required if you use sonde battery power YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 2 Sondes Section 2 Figure 2 Sonde to Data Collection Platform 6096 MS 8 Adapter with Flying Leads You will need Q Sonde L Field Cable Q 6096 Adapter with leads LI Data Collection Platform Figure 3 Sonde to Portable Computer DB 9 MS 8 us Field Cable You will need Q Sonde O Field Cable O Computer with Com Port Q 6095B MS 8 DB 9 Adapter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 3 Sondes Section 2 Figure 4 Sonde to 650 Display Logger i eoms ii 4 MS 8 sua You will need Q Sonde L Field Cable Q 650 MDS Display Logger Sonde gt YSI 650 operates on C cells or rechargeable batteries YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 4 Sondes Section 2 2 3 PREPARING THE SONDE FOR USE To prepare the sonde for calibration and operation you need to install probes sensors into the connectors on the sonde bulkhead In addition to probe installation you need to install a new membrane on the YSI 6562 DO Probe It is recommended that you install the DO membrane before installing the probe onto the bulkhead For membrane changes in the future you may be able to perform this operation wit
358. ng for example a spreadsheet EFFECT OF CHLOROPHYLL ON RHODAMINE WT READINGS While the green LED used in the rhodamine WT sensor is not ideal for excitation of the chlorophyll in phytoplankton some fluorescence of environmental chlorophyll will always be induced by the rhodamine sensor Because the filter system for the rhodamine photodiode is not perfect in excluding chlorophyll fluorescence a minor interference on rhodamine WT readings from phytoplankton may result Laboratory experiments indicate that a suspension of phytoplankton measured with a YSI 6025 sensor will have chlorophyll interference characterized by a factor of about 0 10 ug L Rhodamine WT per ug L of chlorophyll For example the chlorophyll content of the water must be above 30 ug L chlorophyll to produce an apparent rhodamine WT reading equal to 3 ug L In water with a high algal content the user may wish to use the independently determined chlorophyll value and the above compensation factor to correct measured rhodamine values using for example a spreadsheet YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 28 Principles of Operation Section 5 5 13 FLOW Flow is a calculated value Whenever there is a one to one relationship between the level of water in an open channel and the flow of water through it then flow can be calculated from a level measurement YSI sondes that are equipped with shallow vented level can calculate flow based on several different metho
359. ng and monitoring applications YSI recommends that the Data Filter settings be selected as follows Enabled On Wait for Filter Off Time Constant 12 Threshold 0 010 For most unattended sampling applications selection of the above filter settings should also be appropriate However an additional capability is also available which enhances the elimination of spurious single point spikes from the logged data and thus allows for a better presentation of the average turbidity during the deployment This Turb Spike Filter is activated deactivated in the Advanced Sensor menu Its capability is further described in Section 2 9 8 Advanced YSI recommends the use of this feature for all unattended studies The user should determine from experience whether its activation is also appropriate for spot sampling studies at particular sites See Appendix E Turbidity Measurements for additional practical information on the measurement of turbidity with the sonde 5 13 CHLOROPHYLL INTRODUCTION Chlorophyll in various forms is bound within the living cells of algae phytoplankton and other plant matter found in environmental water Chlorophyll is a key biochemical component in the molecular apparatus that is responsible for photosynthesis the critical process in which the energy from sunlight is used to produce life sustaining oxygen In general the amount of chlorophyll in a collected water sample is used as a measure of the concentration
360. ng function might also be viewed as complexity which in turn can confuse some users about how to employ the 650 in their particular application This section is designed to help with any confusion that exists by listing what can be done with the 650 logging system and what can t be done 3 5 4 1 SUMMARY OF 650 LOGGING CAPABILITIES WITH A 650 YSI SONDE SYSTEM THE USER CAN e Log sonde sensor data to either sonde memory if your sonde is so equipped or 650 memory e Log data as either a single point or as a continuous data stream e Log data in both single point form and continuous stream form to the same file in 650 or sonde memory e Log continuous data stream data at long or short sample intervals to sonde memory as long as the study is started from the Run menu of the sonde YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 44 650 MDS Section 3 e Log continuous data stream data at long or short sample intervals up to 15 minutes to 650 memory using the Sample interval selection in the Logging setup menu of the 650 e Log data from the 650 internal barometer to the memory of the 650 e Log data from a user supplied GPS unit to the memory of the 650 as long as the GPS unit is set up in NMEA format and has the proper cable e Log data with minimal keypad entry from the 650 display by using default file naming e Assign custom file and site names using the 650 keypad at the logging site e Set up
361. ngs to reflect the distance between the water surface and the actual probe array measure the length between the upper hole and the bottom of the standard 6 inch sonde guard Enter the length at the screen prompt instead of 0 00 For best performance of depth measurements users should ensure that the sonde s orientation remains constant while taking readings This is especially important for vented level measurements and for sondes with side mounted pressure sensors pH When selecting 4 ISE1 pH you will be given the choice of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations Select the 1 point option only if you are adjusting a previous calibration If a 2 point or 3 point calibration has been performed previously you can adjust the calibration by carrying out a one point calibration Immerse the sonde in a buffer of known pH value and press Enter You will be prompted to type in the pH value of the solution Press Enter again and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the pH and temperature readings have stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the calibration Then as instructed press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu This calibration procedure adjusts only the pH offset and leaves the previously determined slope unaltered Select the 2 point option to calibrate the pH probe using only two calibration standards In this procedure the PH sensor is calibrated using a pH 7 buffer and pH 4 buffer A
362. nits of barometric pressure which will appear in real time in the display Status Bar Highlight the desired units and press Enter to confirm the selection This entry will only appear if you have ordered your 650 with the barometer option 3 3 10 CALIBRATE BAROMETER You may need to scroll down with the arrow keys to view this selection which allows you to calibrate the optional barometer to your local barometric pressure While the barometer has been factory calibrated and should provide accurate readings on receipt some sensor drift may occur over time requiring occasional calibration by the user Proceed as follows Determine your local barometric pressure This value is usually obtained from an independent laboratory barometer You can also obtain a barometric pressure value from your local weather service This latter value has usually been corrected to sea level and therefore must be uncorrected before it can be used in calibration of the 650 barometer See Section 3 9 of this manual for details Select Calibrate barometer and press Enter Input the known barometric pressure from the 650 keypad in the selected units mm Hg in the following example and press Enter Note that in the example the barometer output has changed from 733 4 the previous incorrect value to 740 the correct value from your laboratory barometer Note also that a value of the approximate barometer offset which occurred during the calibration 6 3 mm Hg is presen
363. nnector 6561 pH probe 4 pin connector 6565 Combination pH ORP probe 4 pin connector 6882 Chloride Probe leaf spring connector 6883 Ammonium Probe leaf spring connector 6884 Nitrate Probe leaf spring connector 6026 Turbidity Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6136 Turbidity Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6025 Chlorophyll Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6130 Rhodamine WT Probe Wiping 8 pin connector OOOOOOOOOOD Section 2 Figure 19 DISSOLVED CONDUCTIVITY OXYGEN TEMPERATURE 6560 PROBES Figure 20 Dissolved O issolved Oxygen ISE s Optic T Cond Temp YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 10 Sondes Section 2 6820 amp 6920 SONDE BULKHEAD Figure 21 6562 Dissolved oxygen probe 3 pin connector 6560 Conductivity Temperature 6 pin connector 6561 pH probe 4 pin connector 6565 Combination pH ORP probe 4 pin connector 6882 Chloride Probe leaf spring connector MOUNTING SCREW 6883 Ammonium Probe leaf spring connector j 6884 Nitrate Probe leaf spring connector 6026 Turbidity Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6136 Turbidity Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6025 Chlorophyll Probe Wiping 8 pin connector 6130 Rhodamine WT Probe Wiping 8 pin connector COND TEMP ISE1 ISE2 DISSOLVED OXYGEN OOOOOOOCOOOD 600R BULKHEAD Figure 22 If are working with a 600R sonde your instrument will arrive with the probes installed TEMPERATURE pH GLASS
364. no capability of mechanical cleaning may be compromised Like the 6026 6136 turbidity and 6025 chlorophyll probes described above the 6130 rhodamine WT probe is equipped with a mechanical wiper that makes it ideal for unattended applications The wiper can be activated in real time during discrete sampling operations or will function automatically during long term unattended sampling studies The number of wiper movements and the frequency of the cleaning cycle for the unattended mode can be set in the sonde software Generally one movement is sufficient for most environmental application but in media with particularly heavy fouling additional cleaning cycles may be necessary CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The sonde software offers the option of 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibrations procedures For most applications a 2 point calibration at 0 and 100 ug L is sufficient However for maximum accuracy over the entire 0 200 ug L range of the sensor a 3 point calibration procedure can slightly enhance the accuracy of the sensor Note that YSI does not offer rhodamine WT standards but does suggest a vendor for user production of standards and later in this section provides instructions for preparing a solution which is 100 ug L in Rhodamine WT While the effect of temperature on the rhodamine sensor and electronics is small the fluorescence of rhodamine WT changes significantly with temperature The combination of the two factors is a
365. nsfer to PC and the file will be in a format which can easily be viewed and edited using Notepad or other word processing software YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 79 Sondes Section 2 2 9 4 STATUS Select 4 Status from the Sonde Main menu to obtain general information about the sonde and its setup 1 Version 1 00 2 Date 07 22 96 3 Time 09 04 28 4 Bat volts 9 0 5 Bat life 21 2 days 6 Free bytes 129792 7 Logging Inactive Select option 0 for previous menu ee te ee e Select 1 Version to identify the specific version of sonde software loaded in the sonde This number is especially useful if you are calling YSI Customer Service It may also be useful to you if you are comparing 2 or more sondes purchased at different times e Select 2 Date and 3 Time to display current date and time in 24 hour format This is not a live display but may be updated by pressing the 2 or 3 key again This may be useful for viewing or setting real time You may correct date or time from this submenu by entering the corrected date or time as described in System setup However you cannot alter date format from this screen e In options 4 5 and 6 you can view battery voltage battery life and available free memory in your sonde to help you evaluate whether the current setup is appropriate to complete an active logging or to begin a study in which you have defined your logging parameters If you press key 4 5 or 6 b
366. ntal Monitoring Systems Manual 4 40 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 FS Area e 1 2 Number of Filled fo DSP Locations fi Locations Location Upload File CR10TEST CR1 First Upload fi Aue oe fi o Uploa 4 3 9 WINDOW The Window menu offers the following commands that enable you to arrange multiple views of multiple documents in the application window CASCADE Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows in an overlapped fashion TILE HORIZONTAL Use this command to vertically arrange multiple opened windows in non overlapped horizontal tiles TILE VERTICAL Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows side by side ARRANGE ICONS Use this command to arrange the icons for minimized windows at the bottom of the main EcoWatch window If there is an open document window at the bottom of the main window then some or all of the icons may not be visible because they will be underneath this document window WINDOW 1 2 EcoWatch displays a list of currently open document windows at the bottom of the Window menu A check mark appears in front of the document name of the active window Choose a document from this list to make its window active YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 4 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 3 10 HELP The Help menu offers the following commands which provide you assistance with this application CONTENTS Offers you a list of the available Help topics
367. nter site names and site numbers The site list will show these blanks in the Edit site list mode as shown on the left below but when the site list is accessed for logging studies the actual Filename will appear to avoid confusion This is shown at the right below Note that by using this tip two new sites have been easily added to the BLUELAKE Multi site list with no need to enter BLUELAKE Filename for each new site Edit site list Pick a site then press Site list Site list Filename Site name Site Num Filename Site name Site Num BLUELAKE WEST 1 BLUELAKE WEST BLUELAKE EAST BLUELAKE EAST 2 NORTH SOUTH BLUELAKE SOUTH 4 A or Y to move a site m to insert a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site Configure N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 9mmiig N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 737_immllg k I Gono 07 11 2001 15 46 48 07 11 2001 15 47 39 Lz Remember that when editing your Site list you will have no effect on the actual files which were previously logged to 650 memory nor on the data in the files See Section 3 6 below 3 5 4 650 LOGGING CANS AND CAN TS The use of the 650 to facilitate the storage of data from YSI 6 series sondes has been described in some detail in the sections above Unfortunately the high levels of capability and flexibility of the 650 loggi
368. ntial ORP of the media by measuring the difference in potential between an electrode which is relatively chemically inert and a reference electrode To measure ORP with a sonde a combination pH ORP probe must be in place in the sonde bulkhead and ORP must be accessed via the ISE2 channel of the sonde The ORP sensor consists of a platinum button found on the tip of the probe The potential associated with this metal is read versus the Ag AgCl reference electrode of the combination sensor that utilizes gelled electrolyte ORP values are presented in millivolts and are not compensated for temperature CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE Calibration may not be required for the ORP sensor of the sonde when it is new However older probes that have been deployed extensively may show some deviation from the theoretical ORP value This deviation is usually due to a change in the concentration of the KCl in the reference electrode gel To determine whether the sensor is functioning correctly place the ORP probe in 3682 Zobell solution and monitor the millivolt reading If the probe is functioning within specifications the ORP reading should be within the range of 221 241 at normal ambient temperature If the reading is outside of this range the probe can be calibrated to the correct value 231 mV at 25 C using the calibration procedure outlined in Section 2 6 1 Calibration ORP readings for the same solution can vary up to 100 mv depending on the tem
369. nu allows the user to get a complete picture of how the memory of the instrument is presently allocated To view details of the allocation highlight File memory and press Enter to display the following screen 650 File _ File bytes used Directory Directory 6400 Upload to PC In files 512 View file In deleted files 0 Free 1565952 Delete all files Total 1572864 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74 1 gmmig N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 4mmng 06 06 2000 17 59 02 g 06 07 2000 16 40 37 ear The key number in the File bytes used display is the Free memory listing which can be used to determine when you need to format the 650 memory Delete all files as described in the next section The value under Total memory will reflect whether you purchased a 650 with high or low memory The top three items in the display summarize the allocation of the used memory space In the example above 6400 bytes are used in defining the memory directory 512 bytes are taken up with accessible files and 0 bytes are taken up in deleted files As described in Section 3 2 2 above deleted files arise when the same file is uploaded from a sonde several times with the file overwritten There is a lot of information on the File memory display but the number of greatest importance is the Free memory value 3 6 6 DELETE ALL FILES Use this selection to remove all files from the 650 memory Remember that you cannot d
370. nvenience The key to this application is that the Site list will need to contain Multi Site Designations with the same Filename but with different Site names and Site numbers to characterize each physical location To make Site list entries for this application highlight the Logging setup selection in the 650 main menu and press Enter The following screen will appear As in the previous Site list setup make certain that you have activated deactivated the Store barometer and Store Lat and Long settings as appropriate for your application The real key however in configuring the Logging setup display for use with a Multi site list is that you MUST make certain that the selection Store Site number is ACTIVE as shown below before proceeding 650 Main Menu Legging setup Sonde run Use site list Sonde menu Store Barometer File Store Lat and Long Logging setup Store site number System setup Edit Site List Test N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 racial N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 car seal 02 25 2000 16 27 11 02 25 2000 20 38 26 Emir YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 40 650 MDS Section 3 Then highlight the Edit site list selection and press Enter to display the following screen Edit site list Site list Filename Site name Site Num ei or to move a site to insert a site a to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as
371. nvironmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 77 Sondes Section 2 e PC6000 format will transfer the data so that it will be compatible with the EcoWatch for Windows supplied with your sonde software package YSI recommends data transfer in this format since it is significantly more rapid than other transfer options If this data is required in Comma amp Quote Delimited and or ASCII formats the user can quickly generate data in these formats using the Export function in EcoWatch for Windows e Comma amp Quote Delimited format is commonly used to generate files that can be imported into spreadsheet software in your PC where you can perform custom data analysis A comma is still the delimiter but the radix is corrected to a period In most cases you should set the Page Length to 0 before using this type of upload format See the Windows Help section in EcoWatch for information on setting the page length e ASCII Text is another alternative to transferring data directly to your computer into spreadsheet or other PC based software Prior to upload a Time window display appears to allow you the option to select portions of the logged data to upload You may select 1 Proceed to upload all data logged from the dates and times shown 1 Proceed 2 Start date 07 17 96 3 Start time 12 00 00 4 Stop date 07 31 96 5 Stop time 12 00 00 Select option 0 for previous menu Select 1 Proceed Choose the appropriate file transfer protocol A
372. ny drift of the DO reading either from burn in or membrane settling the DO probe can be quickly recalibrated while the sonde is still running However be sure that you do not recalibrate the DO probe when the sonde is close to taking another reading If you are finding abnormalities in the readings given by your DO probe consult the list of potential causes below each is a result of either a punctured membrane or a loose membrane o ring e If you calibrate your DO probe in water saturated air and then place it in a bucket of air saturated fresh water and the DO reading goes up e If during a test in air saturated fresh water the DO reading and the DO charge both drop slowly e Ifyou calibrate your DO probe in saturated air and then place it in a bucket of air saturated sea water and the DO reads extremely high If you find that one of the three scenarios above matches the problem that you are having then you should replace your DO membrane and ensure that the membrane o ring is properly seated After the pre deployment tests have been completed the unit can be safely deployed However during transport to the point of deployment instead of removing the probe guard and installing the transport cup we would like to suggest that you try a new method Purchase several inexpensive light colored towels that are each large enough to wrap around the entire sonde Soak a towel in tap water and wring out most of the water Then wrap the sonde in t
373. nyard loop through the opening and then close the D ring 3 2 5 BATTERIES AND CHARGING The YSI 650 can be powered either with 4 alkaline C cells or a rechargeable NiMH battery pack With the C cell configuration the user will be able to power a typical YSI 6 series sonde active dissolved oxygen and one optical sensor for approximately 45 hours of continuous operation The rechargeable battery pack will allow for about 15 hours of continuous use under these conditions If the sonde is being powered by its own internal batteries the 650 batteries will last much longer YSI Sondes with internal battery capability are the 6920 6600 600XLM and 600 OMS YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 7 650 MDS Section 3 3 2 5 1 BATTERY INSTALLATION C CELLS Four C cells install easily into the back of the 650 Follow the instructions and diagrams below to install the batteries properly e Using a Phillips or slotted screwdriver loosen the 4 captive screws on the battery lid and then remove the battery lid completely e Insert the cells between the battery clips being sure to follow the polarity and as indicated on the bottom of the battery compartment e Make certain that the gasket is properly installed on the battery lid before reinstallation e Reinstall battery lid and tighten the 4 captive screws securely and evenly using a Phillips or slotted screwdriver Do not overtighten 3 2 5 2 BATTERY INSTALL
374. nzoom Use this button to view the study from the beginning limit to the end limit This command can be used on both graphs and data tables Zoom In Click this button to magnify by 20 This command can be used on both graphs and data tables Zoom Out Click this button to reduce magnification by 20 This command can be used on both graphs and data tables YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 10 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 4 2 5 GRAPH DATA IN REAL TIME Choosing the New command from the Real time menu will bring up a window with graphs that plot data from the sonde as the measurements are being taken If you do not have a default COM port set in the Communications Settings dialog then you will be asked which COM port to use for the real time measurements If you do have a default port selected then the program will use that port automatically The number of parameters displayed during real time is set by the sonde If four parameters are set in the Report setup in the sonde then those same parameters will be displayed in real time If you want to change the parameters displayed then you must close the real time window open a sonde terminal window change the number of parameters in the sonde software menu and then return to real time measurements The Settings command in the Real time menu takes you to a dialog where you can set the x axis time and the sample interval YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring
375. o avoid contamination of the reagent In fact because of contamination issues YSI does not recommend using standards less than 1 mS cm For example NOTE For calibration of the 600 OMS conductivity sensor the optical probe must be removed and the port plugged See specific instructions in the application note supplied with the 600 OMS DISSOLVED OXYGEN Place approximately 3 mm 1 8 inch of water in the bottom of the calibration cup Place the probe end of the sonde into the cup Make certain that the DO and temperature probes are not immersed in the water Engage only 1 or 2 threads of the calibration cup to insure the DO probe is vented to the atmosphere Wait approximately 10 minutes for the air in the calibration cup to become water saturated and for the temperature to equilibrate Two calibration protocols are provided below for dissolved oxygen one for sampling applications and one for long term monitoring applications Sampling Applications If your instrument will be used in sampling applications where the dissolved oxygen is on continuously during the study deactivate Autosleep RS232 as described in Section 2 5 Sonde Software Setup From the Calibrate menu select Dissolved Oxy then 1 DO to access the DO percent calibration procedure Calibration of dissolved oxygen in the DO procedure also results in calibration of the DO mg L mode and vice versa Enter the current barometric pressure in mm of Hg Inches of Hg
376. o significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter After the second value calibration is complete press Enter to continue Place the proper amount of chilled 1 mg L standard 10 mg L for the chloride into a clean dry or pre rinsed calibration cup Carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Allow at least 5 minutes for temperature equilibration before proceeding Press Enter and input the concentration value of the standard as requested Press Enter and the current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and will change with time as they stabilize in the solution Observe the readings under NH4 NO3 or Cl and when they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter After the third value calibration is complete press Enter to return to the Calibrate menu Thoroughly rinse and dry the calibration cups for future use CALIBRATION TIP HOW TO AVOID DRIFT DURING CALIBRATION OF THE NH4 NO3 AND Cl PROBES AFTER pH CALIBRATION Exposure to the high ionic content of pH buffers can cause a significant but temporary drift in these ISE probes ammonium nitrate and chloride probes Therefore when calibrating the pH probe YSI recommends that you use one of the following methods to minimize errors in the subsequent readings gt Calibrate pH first immersing all of the probes in the pH buffers After calibrating pH place the probes in 100 mg L nitrate or ammonium stand
377. o not make any change to these entries then the study will automatically begin at the next integral time interval once you have pressed C Start logging Example If the current time is 17 20 00 and your sample interval is 15 minutes logging will automatically begin at 17 30 00 It is better to start the study prior to taking the unit to the field so that you can confirm that readings are being saved to memory and carry out initial quality assurance measurements See Appendix X Tips for Long Term Deployments However if your study demands that you start the instrument at the site at 6 00 PM change the Start Time to 18 00 00 e Select 4 Duration and set the length of the study in days The default value is 365 days which is longer than most deployments In most cases you will either want to stop the unattended study manually or allow the batteries to be expended It is wise to set the duration to a value longer than the anticipated deployment If you cannot retrieve the sonde at the expected time due to factors beyond your control such as weather or illness data will continue to be acquired as long as battery power is present e Select 5 File and enter a name of no more than 8 characters that will be used by your external computer to identify the study Be sure to use ONLY alpha numeric characters e Select 6 Site and enter a site name of no more than 31 characters This filename will appear in your sonde file directory but will not be used
378. o not need to remove the probe guard to rinse and dry the probes between calibration solutions The inaccuracy resulting from simply rinsing the probe compartment and drying the outside of the sonde is minimal de If you are using laboratory glassware for the 600R 600QS 600XL 600XLM or 600 OMS remove the stainless steel weight from the bottom of the sonde by turning the weight counterclockwise With the weight removed the amount of calibration solutions is minimized Removal of the weight also reduces the amount of liquid that is carried between calibrations 8 Make certain that port plugs are installed in all ports where probes are not installed It is extremely important to keep these electrical connectors dry USING THE CALIBRATION CUP Follow these instructions to use the calibration cup for calibration procedures with all of the instruments except the 600R 600QS and 600 OMS For these sondes the over the guard bottle that comes with your sonde must be used y Ensure that a gasket is installed in the gasket groove of the calibration cup bottom cap and that the bottom cap is securely tightened Note Do not over tighten as this could cause damage to the threaded portions of the bottom cap and tube Remove the probe guard if it is installed v Inspect the installed gasket on the sonde for obvious defects and if necessary replace it with the extra gasket supplied Screw cup assembly into place on the threaded end of s
379. of phytoplankton samples does vary significantly with temperature Generally the chlorophyll in biological samples shows increased fluorescence at lower temperatures with a factor of 1 2 per degree Celsius In practice this means that if for example the calibration temperature is 25 C and the water temperature at the site is 10 C the observed chlorophyll readings will be erroneously high by 15 30 The Chl Tempco factor in the Advanced Sensor menu can be used to partially compensate for this error if the user has some knowledge of YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 8 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I the temperature effect on the particular phytoplankton at the site The factor can be empirically determined by bringing a sample of the environmental water to the laboratory and determining its fluorescence at ambient temperature and low temperature Simply cool the sample in a refrigerator for the latter reading The calculated factor can then be entered into the sonde software See the example in Section 5 Principles of Operation Question 19 The wiper on my YSI 6025 probe does not park directly opposite from the optical surface What can I do to correct this symptom The wiper rotation and parking algorithm are calibrated during the Discrete Sample mode each time the sonde is powered down and then has power applied again You can simulate the power down power up routine by typing reset at
380. om the two sensors types in later analysis YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 25 Sondes Section 2 For parameters with multiple unit options such as temperature conductivity specific conductance resistivity and TDS a submenu will appear as shown below for temperature allowing selection of desired units for this parameter Select option 0 for previous menu 2 After configuring your display with the desired parameters press Esc or 0 to return to the Main menu CHECKING ADVANCED SETTINGS Select Advanced from the Main menu The following menu will be displayed 1 Cal constants 2 Setup 3 Sensor 4 Data filter Select option 0 for previous menu Select Setup from the Advanced menu Advanced setup emulation up to Menu up to Run radix Auto sleep RS232 Auto sleep SDI12 Multi SDI12 Full SDI12 Select option 0 for previous menu Make sure that other than Auto sleep RS232 all entries are activated or deactivated as shown above For sondes which will be used in sampling studies where the user is present and observes readings in real time Auto sleep RS232 should usually be off For sondes that will be used in unattended monitoring studies Auto sleep RS232 should usually be on This is described in detail in Section 2 9 Sonde Menu When this setup is verified press Ese or 0 to return to the Advanced menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 2
381. on at which changes in temperature cause no change in voltage Our experience with ISEs indicates that for best accuracy the isopotential point should be determined empirically To do so use a third calibration point where the voltage of the lower concentration standard is determined at a temperature at least 10 C different from the first two calibration points The slope offset and isopotential point drift slowly and the probe should be recalibrated periodically All ion selective electrodes are subject to interference from ions which are similar in nature to the analyte For example sodium and potassium ions bind to the ammonium membrane and produce positive readings even when no ammonium is present Fortunately fresh water does not usually contain enough interfering ions to produce large errors For example a common conductivity for freshwater is about 1 2 mS cm Sal 0 6 Even if the ionic content were due to sodium chloride the ammonium reading would be erroneously high about 0 4 mg L However brackish or seawater has enough sodium and potassium to cause interference so great as to make the sensor unsuitable for these media The sensor used in the sonde detects only ammonium ions NH the predominant form of total ammonium nitrogen in most environmental samples However using the concurrently determined values of pH temperature and conductivity the sonde software can also provide the user with the concentration of free amm
382. onde and securely tighten Note Do not over tighten as this could cause damage to the threaded portions of the bottom cap and tube Sonde calibration can be accomplished with the sonde upright or upside down A separate clamp and stand such as a ring stand is required to support the sonde in the inverted position v When using the Calibration Cup for dissolved oxygen calibration make certain that the vessel is vented to the atmosphere by loosening the bottom cap or cup assembly depending on orientation and that approximately 1 8 of water is present in the cup NOTE CAREFULLY If you are calibrating a 6136 turbidity sensor for use with a 6820 6920 or 6600 you can use either the calibration cup with certain qualifications or laboratory glassware for the calibration Please see the section below which describes the special calibration recommendations for this sensor YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 29 Sondes Section 2 RECOMMENDED VOLUMES OF CALIBRATION REAGENTS The approximate volumes of the reagents are specified below for both the upright and upside down orientations Table 1 6820 and 6920 Sondes 125ml 275ml Turbidity Chlorophyll Rhodamine WT 6136 Turbidity in 600 mL Beaker 460ml Table 2 600XL and 600XLM Sondes Table 3 6600 Sonde Table 4 600 OMS Sonde Probe to Calibrate Upright Upside Down Conductivity 375ml N A Turbidity Chlorophyll Rhodamine WT 350ml Ta
383. onia NH3 in the sample under investigation Ammonium ions and free ammonia are in equilibrium in any solution according to the following equation NH NH H The value of the equilibrium constant associated with this reaction K NH H NH and its variation with temperature and salinity is well known This information allows the free ammonia concentration NH to be automatically calculated by the sonde software and displayed if this parameter is activated YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 11 Principles of Operation Section 5 Despite the potential problems with interference when using ISEs it is important to remember that almost all interfering species produce an artificially high ammonium reading Thus if the sonde indicates the presence of only small quantities of ammonium it is unlikely that the reading is erroneously low because of interference Unusually high ammonium readings which could be due to interfering ions should be confirmed by laboratory analysis after collection of water samples Of all the sensors available on the sonde ion selective electrodes have the greatest tendency to exhibit calibration drift over time This drift should not be a major problem for sampling studies where the instrument can be frequently calibrated However if an ammonium sensor is used in a longer term deployment study with the sonde the user should be aware that drift is almost certain to occur The exten
384. ons from the File menu allow the user to access data that has been stored in the sonde flash disk memory Select 3 File from the Main menu 1 Directory 4 View file 2 Upload 5 Quick view file 3 Quick Upload 6 Delete all files Select option 0 for previous menu 1 Select 1 Directory to view all files currently stored in sonde flash disk memory The screen below shows 5 files of varying sizes To examine the details of each file press the associated number e g 4 for CLRLAKE2 dat and an additional screen will be displayed as shown below that quantifies the time of the deployment the sample interval and the site where the sonde was used In addition the data in the file can be viewed by using the 1 View file command Filename Samples 1 BRIDGE1 dat 1 View file 2 BRIDGE2 dat 2 File CLRLAKE2 dat 3 UPLAKE dat 3 Samples 167 4 CLRLAKE2 dat ABY CESE 4421 5 DWNLAKE2 dat 5 First 08 23 2001 6 00003001 g1p 6 First 08 33 40 7 Last 08 23 2001 Select option 0 for previous menu 4 8 Last 09 04 20 9 Interval 00 00 10 A Site Clear Lake Select 2 Upload to view file lists in memory same as shown above and then upload the data to a PC or to the YSI 650 MDS Display Logger The uploaded data can then be processed with YSI EcoWatch for Windows to allow data manipulation and to easily generate reports plots and statistics Three formats for file transfer are available PC6000 Comma amp Quote Delimited and ASCII text YSI Incorporated E
385. or Windows software is reporting and plotting software for use with the YSI 6 Series sondes Instructions for installing this software were included in Section 2 1 Getting Started This program can also be used to upload and view data logged to sonde memory during either discrete or unattended sampling If the sonde was deployed unattended without a cable clear debris and water from the bulkhead connector cap Then remove the cap and connect the calibration cable or field cable and adapter from the sonde to your computer You may now retrieve data files using the following procedure Remember these are files in the sonde directory not files in the EcoWatch directory Run EcoWatch software on your PC and select the Sonde icon R from the menu bar A terminal interface window like that shown below will appear If a prompt appears instead of the Main sonde menu type menu at the prompt to generate the display as shown Then press 3 File to view data handling options YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 45 Sondes Section 2 ea EcoWatch Sonde COM1 Ele View Comm Reakime Appl Window Help a i a a Sonde COM1 CC ee 1 Directory 4 View file D Caliheate H 2 Upload 5 Quick view i i le 3 File 2 Sensor 3 Quick Upload 6 Delete all files 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option for previous menu Selec BO pirOnws OM Or PrE OUS EME nmu a Select 1 Directory to view all files currently stored
386. or chloride into a clean dry or pre rinsed transport cup Carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Allow at least 1 minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding Select Ammonium Nitrate or Chloride to access the appropriate calibration choices Then select 3 3 Point Press Enter and input the concentration value of the standard as requested Press Enter and the current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and will change with time as they stabilize in the solution Observe the readings under NH4 NO3 or Cl When they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 36 Sondes Section 2 After the first calibration point is complete proceed as instructed on the screen to continue Rinse the sonde in water and dry the sonde prior to the next step Place the proper amount of 1 mg L standard for Ammonium or Nitrate 10 mg l for Chloride into a clean dry or pre rinsed transport cup Carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Allow at least 1 minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding Press Enter and input the concentration value of the standard as requested Press Enter and the current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and will change with time as they stabilize in the solution Observe the readings under NH4 NO37 or Cl and when they have show n
387. or editing your site list Actions such as inserting adding new entries deleting existing entries and moving entries within the list can be carried out easily from the keypad Highlight the Edit site list entry in the 650 Logging setup display and press Enter to show the following screen Edit site list Site list Filename Site name Site Hum BLUELAKE WEST 1 BLUELAKE 2 e or to move a site e to insert a site 4 to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 TaS Tunik 07 11 2001 15 33 22 lt Note that the keystrokes for editing the site list are shown in the bottom of the Main Display Thus to insert add a file above the present cursor position simply highlight the proper entry and press the Right arrow key while holding down the Enter key as shown in the following example Note that two sites were inserted in the initial site list using this method Edit site list _ Edit site list Site list Site list Filename Site name Site Num Filename Site name Site Num IBLUELAKE WEST 1 0 2 e or w to move a site e or y to move a site B to insert a site B to insert a site to delete a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Ei F N
388. or field cable with sonde connector E YSI 6 series sonde YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 3 650 MDS Section 3 Figure 2 650 interfaced to a 6 series sonde with user supplied GPS You will need e 650 e 6115 GPS cable e User supplied GPS unit with DE 9 cable e YSI 6 series sonde with integral or field cable 6115 GPS cable i Ne ee User supplied GPS unit with DE 9 cable Integral or field cable YSI 6 series sonde Figure 3 650 interfaced to PC for data transfer or software upgrade 650 655174 Cable Se PC Serial port O DE 9 You will need e 650 e YSI655174 PC Interface PC interface cable e PC with ERA active serial YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 4 650 MDS Section 3 Figure 4 Charging of 650 rechargeable battery pack You will need 650 with battery pack installed 6116 Charger adapter cable 6114 Wall charger or equivalent pai f 6116 Charger adapter cable 6114 wall charger shown or 6123 power supply The setup of these configurations is described in detail in subsequent sections of this manual They are presented here so that your will be able to ascertain if you have all of the parts necessary for your applications YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 5 650 MDS Section 3 3 2 4 650 FEATURES
389. osure to buffers 5 12 TURBIDITY Turbidity is the measurement of the content of suspended solids cloudiness in water and is typically determined by shining a light beam into the sample solution and then measuring the light that is scattered off of the particles which are present For turbidity systems capable of field deployment the usual light source is a light emitting diode LED which produces radiation in the near infrared region of the spectrum The detector is usually a photodiode of high sensitivity The angle between the emitted and detected light varies usually between 90 and 180 degrees depending on the probe used The International Standards Organization ISO recommends the use of a light source with a wavelength between 830 and 890 nm and an angle of 90 degrees between the emitted and detected radiation ISO 7027 The turbidity system available as an option for use with the YSI 6820 6920 6600 and 600 OMS sondes consists of a probe which conforms to the above ISO recommendations The output of the sonde turbidity sensor is processed via the sonde software to provide readings in nephelometric turbidity units NTUs Two turbidity probes are available for use with YSI sondes The probes are detailed briefly below both are equipped with a mechanical wiper to periodically clean the sensor either by manual or automatic activation These wiper systems make the probe ideal for long term monitoring but they also work well for spot
390. our are at that location and press Enter to log data to the 650 memory An indication that the logging was successful will appear in the 650 logging window Then move to the next location EAST activate the 650 logging function and repeat the logging process but this time highlighting the EAST Site name entry FPick a site then press Site list Filename Site name Site Num BLUELARE WEST BLUELAKE EAST 2 Pick a site then press Site list Filename Site name Site Num BLUELAKE WEST 1 YSI Incorporated N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 5mmAg 02 25 2000 21 41 12 nim N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 0mmig 02 25 2000 2138 13 Erm Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 41 650 MDS Section 3 NOTE If you want to return to the Edit site list display for changes before logging use the RIGHT ARROW KEY to highlight the Configure selection and press Enter The up down arrows will only scroll within the Site list The data for two different sites has now been logged to the single file BLUELAKE that can be either viewed manually using the 650 View file menu or uploaded to EcoWatch for Windows from the 650 File Upload to PC menu The Site Number 1 for the WEST site and 2 for the EAST site will be stored with each data point and will be thus be available for identifying where the data was taken The file BLUELAKE can be examined by use of the 650 File selection In the 650 File menu highligh
391. out of spec or Use new calibration solutions C ecco a ORP fails Zobell check Take into account temperature 5 3 dependence of Zobell solution readings Internal failure Return sonde for service re 2 2 DO Charge too high gt 100 Enable DO charge parameter in 2 1 Anodes polarized tarnished the Sonde report menu Run 2 10 2 2 Probe left on continuously sonde if charge is over 100 2 8 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 6 3 Troubleshooting Section 6 Depth unstable or Depth sensor has not been zeroed Follow depth zero procedure inaccurate Depth sensor access hole is Follow depth cleaning procedure 2 10 2 obstructed Depth sensor has been damaged Return sonde for service Internal failure Return sonde for service 8 Conductivity unstable Conductivity improperly Follow cal procedure 8 or inaccurate Error calibrated messages appear during Conductivity probe requires Follow cleaning procedure 2 10 2 cleaning calibration Conductivity probe damaged Replace probe Calibration solution out of spec or Use new calibration solution C contaminated Internal failure Return sonde for service 8o Calibration solution or sample does Immerse sensor fully Ee Le Installed probe has no reading Internal failure Return sonde for service 8 Temperature unstable or inaccurate Turbidity probe unstable or inaccurate Error messages appear Probe has been damaged Replace probe 8 e
392. ow your data will be presented Real Time Settings SETTINGS This command is only active when there is a real time window open This command takes you to the Real time Settings dialog where you can set the length of the x axis In the Real Time Settings box you will set the number of samples graphed across the axis The interval between samples is set in the sonde using the sonde menus After the graph is full each new data point will cause the trace to scroll left so that you see only the most recent set of measurements If you have a YSI 6026 or 6136 turbidity 6025 chlorophyll or 6130 rhodamine WT probe with a wiper then you may want to clean the optics periodically Set that interval in this dialog Autoscaling will keep the trace comfortably on the graph as the measurement changes To Manually Scale a graph double click on its Y axis labels The Graph Y Axis box will come up where you can set the scale Note that you can manually set the scale for some parameters and autoscale others When the autoscale box is checked the high and low limits will be unavailable See also the Autoscale command in the Graph menu NEW Choose this to start a new real time study OPEN Choose this to open a previous real time study CLOSE Choose this to close a real time study Two files are formed every time a real time study is started You will choose a RT file that will store colors scaling information number of param
393. perature However no standard compensation algorithms exist for this parameter Be sure to take this factor into account when reporting ORP values and checking sensor calibration For Zobell solution consult the following chart TEMPERATURE ZOBELL SOLUTION VALUE CELSIUS MV MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 Instructions for preparation of ORP calibrator solutions including Zobell reagent can be found in Section 2580 A of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Alternatively the Zobell solution is available from YSI YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 3 Principles of Operation Section 5 2 Reagants to confirm ORP sensitivity are available Contact YSI Customer Service for ordering information 3 ORP readings usually stabilize much more rapidly in standards e g Zobell solution than in most environmental water Be certain to consider this factor when determining ORP in field studies 4 Clean and store the pH ORP sensor by following the instructions in Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage of this manual 5 5 pH The sondes employ a field replaceable pH electrode for the determination of hydrogen ion concentration The probe is a combination electrode consisting of a proton selective glass reservoir filled with buffer at approximately pH 7 and a Ag AgCl reference electrode that utilizes electrolyte that is gelled A silver wire coated with AgCI is immersed i
394. pload Verification of a successful transfer is indicated when all of the requested data have been transferred to the C ECOWIN DATA subdirectory of your PC and automatically assigned a DAT extension 1 PC6000 2 Comma amp Delimited 3 ASCII Text Select option 0 for previous menu EcoWatch Sonde COM1 File View Comm Realtime Appl Window Help File 40WPR1 DAT Protocol Kermit Byte count 8184 Block count pa Status Receiving Error count fo Select 3 Quick Upload to transfer the last logged file in its entirety to your computer As noted above the file will then be resident in the C ECOWIN DATA subdirectory Select 4 View File to examine the data in any file currently stored in the sondes flash disk memory You will first view the same screen as viewed in the Directory menu From this menu choose the file of interest then using the Time window menu choose the dates and or times of interest If you choose dates or times that are not within the designated start and stop times no data will be displayed You also may choose the entire file You can use the Space Bar to stop and restart the scrolling at any time Use the Esc key to stop the view Select 5 Quick view file to view the last page of data from the last data file in flash disk memory This feature is particularly useful to quickly review any recently acquired data so that system performance can be assessed YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Syste
395. plug and position it so the slots on the ring line up with the plug s spring clips To begin charging your battery pack first plug the barrel connector of the cigarette lighter charger into the mating end of the 6116 adapter cable Then attach the MS 8 end of the 6116 adapter cable to the 650 Finally plug the other end of the cigarette lighter charger into the vehicle s lighter socket The 616 cigarette lighter charger contains a 2 ampere fast blow type fuse If the power cord stops working properly unscrew the adapter s cap remove the tip and then pull out and check the fuse See diagram above to remove the fuse If the fuse is blown or you are unsure replace it with a new 2 amp fast blow fuse that is available at electronics stores such as Radio Shack Reassemble the adapter and securely screw the cap back onto the adapter body After you have installed batteries or the rechargeable battery pack into your 650 you are ready to proceed to the next sections 3 2 6 TURNING THE INSTRUMENT ON Turn the instrument on by pressing and releasing the on off button on the top left of the instrument keypad The following screen should be displayed 650 Main Menu Sonde run File Logging setup Main Display system setup Status Bar N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 01 2000 17 06 37 Note that the screen is divided into two sections the Main Display at the top and a Status Bar at the bottom The Main Display will provide
396. point is logged to 650 memory When the study is complete the user highlights the Stop logging selection and presses Enter to terminate logging NOTE For ultimate simplicity it was not necessary to enter either a file or a site name in the above application If the OK window had been highlighted immediately and Enter pressed a point will be logged to a file in the 650 memory under the designation NONAME1 It is also possible to input a custom file name but not enter a site name and then log the point The stream of data is stored in the 650 memory under the file name WEST that was input by the user The file can be viewed by selecting File from the 650 Main menu and pressing Enter Then highlight the View file selection and then the selected file WEST pressing Enter after each entry The data in the file will be displayed as shown below Use the arrow keys to scroll horizontally in order to view all of the data 650 Main Menu Sonde run Sonde menu File Logging setup System setup 650 File Directory Upload to PC iew file File memory Delete all files 07 12 2001 09 07 12 2001 09 07 12 2001 09 712 200109 30 40 ie N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 6mm g 06 07 2000 16 30 35 a NIHH ie N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 4mmHg C N0 0 000 E 070000 739 8mmHg HIHH BI 06 07 2000 16 31 15 Note that using these same basic guidelines data could have been logged at another site on t
397. pproximate formula for this uncorrection where the BP readings MUST be in mm Hg is True BP Corrected BP 2 5 Local Altitude 100 Overall the key point to remember in calibration of your barometer is to make certain that your standard reading is correct If the standard is not accurate you are likely to do more harm than good with your user calibration 3 9 3 CHANGING BAROMETER UNITS The 650 offers the user a choice of six commonly used units of barometric pressure which can be displayed in the Status Bar When received from the factory the 650 will show values in mm Hg If the user wants to change to other units the selection is found in the 650 System setup menu as shown below Highlight the selection and press Enter to show the possible units Then highlight the unit of choice and press Enter to activate it The barometer reading in the Status Bar will automatically change to the newly selected unit System setup Barometer units MPower sonde OmmHg Baud rate to sonde 9600 Shut off time minutes 0 Comma radix ID YSI 650 Circuit board SN 00006011 Calibrate barometer N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 sea N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 esenea C F 07712 2001 07 44 13 I 07712 2001 07 44 51 3 9 4 LOGGING BAROMETER READINGS To log barometric pressure readings with the 650 the following conditions similar to those above for logging GP
398. probe warranty Allow the sonde software to position the wiper automatically Remove the battery lid of the sonde to reset the probe s wiper parking system INSTALLING THE 6600EDS WIPER ASSEMBLY Install the 6136 turbidity probe into the center optical port of the 6600EDS bulkhead in accordance with the directions supplied with the probe Remove the standard wiper that was supplied with the 6136 probe and save it for future use Install the new wiper brush assembly onto the 6136 probe positioned so that the setscrew contacts the flat face cut into drive shaft Gently press the wiper against the face of the probe so that the white foam pad is compressed to roughly one half of its original thickness and then tighten the setscrew using the supplied 035 hex wrench Caution It is important that the plastic body of the wiper body does not make contact with the probe face only the wiper pad should do so Also DO NOT over tighten the setscrew Doing so could strip the threads within the wiper and render it unusable When a new pad has been installed a gap of 0 020 0 5mm between the plastic body of the wiper and the face of the probe is typical and ideal Please do not manually rotate the wiper after you have installed it onto the shaft of your 6136 probe Refer to Figure 2 for the correct orientation of the installed wiper Drive Shaft r Ideal Orientation S 3 of Wiper Brush Probe Face Assembly Set
399. provide a close approximation for seawater and for solutions of many common salts such as NaCl and NH Cl MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 When filling the calibration vessel prior to performing the calibration procedure make certain that the level of calibrant standard is high enough in the calibration cup or beaker to cover the entire conductivity cell 2 After placing the sonde in the calibration solution agitate the sonde to remove any bubbles in the conductivity cell YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 1 Principles of Operation Section 5 3 During calibration allow the sensors time to stabilize with regard to temperature approximately 60 seconds before proceeding with the calibration protocol The readings after calibration are only as good as the calibration itself 4 Perform sensor calibration at a temperature as close to 25 C as possible This will minimize any temperature compensation error 5 2 SALINITY Salinity is determined automatically from the sonde conductivity and temperature readings according to algorithms found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater ed 1989 The use of the Practical Salinity Scale results in values that are unitless since the measurements are carried out in reference to the conductivity of standard seawater at 15 C However the unitless salinity values are very close to those determined by the previously used method where
400. r return to the prompt type dolocal 0 and press Enter YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual J 3 Percent Air Saturation Appendix J YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual J 4 PAR Sensor Appendix K APPENDIX K PAR SENSOR Some users of the YSI 6600 sonde may wish to incorporate a photosynthetically active radiation PAR sensor into their field monitoring equipment This sensor can be added to the 6600 in the form of a special product engineered by YSI s Massachusetts office This section is designed to give potential users of this type of system an idea of how it is configured and the steps necessary to acquire and log PAR data with the modified sonde Li Cor PAR sensors are required for the 6600 modification and these can either be supplied to YSI Massachusetts by the user or can be purchased from YSI Massachusetts as part of the system cost These sensors are then attached to arms which extend from the sonde and their output cables are connected to the sonde PCB through the top of the sonde as shown in the following picture The picture shows the installation of two sensors one pointing up the other pointing down by it is also possible to use a single PAR sensor if the user prefers that configuration Each Li Cor PAR sensor can be individually configured by YSI MA with an internal circuit to have variable sensitivities high usually employed for upwe
401. r 25 pin D shaped connectors with pin contacts Some sondes have integral cables and others require a separate cable sold especially for use with the sonde Depending on the exact connector on your PC you may also need a 9 to 25 pin adapter There is an PC interface cable for the 650 display loggers that has a 9 pin D shaped connector This connector must be attached to your computer Once physically connected you are ready to communicate using EcoWatch Use the Sonde command in the Comm menu or the sonde button on the toolbar This will give you a terminal window From this window you interact with the sonde software using its menu system or upload a file from a 650 display logger See Section 2 Sondes for details on how to use the sonde software 4 2 2 UPLOAD A FILE FROM A SONDE Data that is processed in EcoWatch typically originates in a sonde with batteries and is uploaded to a PC To upload data from a YSI sonde connect the sonde to your PC and open the EcoWatch software Use the Sonde button on the toolbar to communicate with the sonde software Using the sonde software go to the Main menu by typing menu on the blank terminal screen Then choose 3 File Menu You will most likely be uploading the most recently recorded data If so simply press 3 Quick Upload Otherwise press 2 to choose a file to upload The sonde will ask you to choose a format for the file Be sure to choose PC6000 format After it is uploaded the data will
402. r and mild detergent on the o ring itself Also inspect the o rings for nicks and imperfections CAUTION gt Using alcohol on o rings may cause a loss of elasticity and may promote cracking gt Do not use a sharp object to remove the o rings Damage to the o ring or the groove itself may result Before re installing the o rings make sure that you are using a clean workspace clean hands and are avoiding contact with anything that may leave fibers on the o ring or grooves Even a very small bit of contamination hair grit etc may cause a leak To re install the o rings gt Place a small amount of Teflon stopcock grease between your thumb and index finger More grease is NOT BETTER gt Draw the o ring through the grease while pressing the fingers together Use this action to place a VERY LIGHT covering of grease to all sides of the o ring Place the o ring into its groove making sure that it does not twist or roll gt Use the previously grease coated finger to once again lightly go over the mating surface of the o ring DO NOT use excess grease on the o ring or the o ring groove CAUTION Do not over grease the o rings The excess grease may collect grit particles that can compromise the seal Excess grease can also cause the waterproofing capabilities of the o ring to diminish potentially causing leaks into the compartment If excess grease is present remove it using lens cloth or lint free cloth SONDE PROBE PORTS When
403. r and remain in the display by pressing the 7 key six times in succession The other characters associated with this key P Q R S and 7 will appear during the repeated pressing of the numeric 7 key However only the p entry will be retained after the key is released after the six keystrokes After release of the numeric key for approximately 1second the cursor will automatically scroll to the right to prepare for the next alphanumeric input If you make a mistake in the entry simply return to the previous character with the left arrow key and reenter the number or letter After the entry is complete press the Enter key to confirm it You will follow an example of this type of entry when you enter an Instrument ID name for your 650 in the example below To familiarize yourself with the basics of the keypad entry system follow the instructions below to set the date and time for your 650 and to enter an Instrument ID Turn the instrument on to display the 650 Main menu 650 Main Menu Sonde run Sonde menu File Logging setup System setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 742 0mmiig g 06 06 2000 17 40 26 ka a Use the arrow keys to highlight the System setup selection and press the Enter key A display similar to the following will appear Note that the exact format of your displays will depend on the software version System setup Date amp time MPower sonde Baud rate to sonde 9600
404. r cannot be attained unless the control of this sensor varies from short term to long term applications For spot sampling it is best to pulse the sensor continuously during the Run mode to attain the most accurate results and optimize the response time However this continuous pulsing is not ideal for longer term logging studies in which the sonde data is captured to sonde memory or to a data collection platform at much less frequent intervals e g 15 minutes Continuous pulsing not only shortens the time between required probe maintenance but consumes more power YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 65 Sondes Section 2 With proper selection of the Auto sleep option discussed in detail in Section 2 9 8 Advanced Menu the user can configure the sonde software to either run continuously or go to sleep between samples to minimize DO probe wear and conserve power The effect of this choice on the user interface relative to dissolved oxygen calibration is significant as described below If Auto sleep is deactivated the sonde runs continuously no matter what sample interval has been selected Under these conditions the user retains manual control of the dissolved oxygen calibration routine viewing the stabilization of the readings in real time and confirming the calibration with keyboard entries If Auto sleep is activated the sonde will warm up the sensors for the period of time selecte
405. r during the calibration procedure unless you know the exact distance between the sensor and the water surface Calibration zeroing in air is usually the recommended method 2 Remember that the depth sensors for the sonde are not vented In practical terms this means that changes in barometric pressure after the sensor is calibrated will appear as changes in depth This effect is significant particularly for the 0 30 ft option of the depth probe For example a change of 1 mm of Hg in barometric pressure will change the apparent depth by approximately 0 045 feet 0 012 m As noted above this error is eliminated for level sensors because they are vented to the atmosphere 5 7 TEMPERATURE The sondes utilize a thermistor of sintered metallic oxide that changes predictably in resistance with temperature variation The algorithm for conversion of resistance to temperature is built into the sonde software and accurate temperature readings in degrees Celsius Kelvin or Fahrenheit are provided automatically No calibration or maintenance of the temperature sensor is required 5 8 DISSOLVED OXYGEN The sondes employ the patented YSI Rapid Pulse system for the measurement of dissolved oxygen DO Use of this technology provides major advantages for the monitoring of DO without significantly compromising the accuracy of sampling applications Standard electrochemical detectors of DO are highly flow dependent and therefore require external stirr
406. r is physically installed Only ORP can be enabled as ISE2 Optic T and Optic C generate a submenu on selection Each optical port can have one of four probes 6026 turbidity 6136 turbidity chlorophyll or rhodamine WT installed as indicated by the submenus After all installed sensors have been enabled press Esc or 0 to return to the Main Menu ENABLING PARAMETERS In order for a specific parameter to be displayed 1 The sensor must first be enabled as described above 2 That parameter must be activated in the Report Setup menu described below Select Report from the Main menu A Report Setup menu similar to the one shown below will be displayed Report setup Date m d y E Orp mV Time hh mm ss F G SpCond mS cm H I J K L M N O P Select option 0 for previous menu Note that the exact appearance of this menu will vary depending upon the sensors that are available and enabled on your sonde The asterisks that follow the numbers or letters indicate that the parameter will appear on all outputs and reports To turn a parameter on or off type the number or letter that corresponds to the parameter Note also that since a 6026 turbidity probe was selected in the Sensor menu above the units of turbidity are presented as turbid NTU Ifa 6136 turbidity probe had been selected the units of turbidity would be presented as turbid NTU This new designation is designed to differentiate the data fr
407. r of the trace and the background for each of the individual graphs For setting the background color for all graphs see the previous command Change Trace Colors YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 38 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Note that there are two color buttons one for the trace color and the other for the background color Clicking on either of these buttons will take you to the Color dialog box where you can change the color Use the Set All buttons to quickly set all traces or backgrounds to the same color Page Title This is where you can enter a title for the graph The title may have one or two lines Graph Page Title SAMPLE DAT P OK Cancel 1 Trace per Graph Choose this to have just one parameter on each graph 2 Traces per Graph Choose this to have two parameters on each graph TABLE If there is no table then the commands on this submenu will be unavailable The Table submenu offers the following commands Font Color Goes to the Font Dialog Box where you can change the font and color of text that appears in the table Page Color Goes to the Color Dialog Box where you can change the color of the table background color That is the part of the table where the readings appear Highlight Color Goes to the Color Dialog Box where you can change the color of the table highlight color That is the part of the table where the reading units appear SE
408. r previous menu Select 1 Yes and the screen will change YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 64 Sondes Section 2 Logging 1 Interval 00 15 00 2 Next at 07 17 96 3 Next at 18 00 00 4 Stop at 07 31 96 5 Stop at 18 00 00 6 File clrlake3 7 Site Clear Lake at Spillway SE BaitanviOise Sree Oh0 9 Bat life 21 2 days A Free mem 18 9 days B Stop logging Select option 0 for previous menu The display now shows the next date and time for logging and the stop date and time for the logging study Most importantly note that the bottom command now shows B Stop logging a confirmation that the logging has indeed been initiated The Unattended study will terminate when the duration you specified has expired or the batteries are expended If you want to terminate sooner simply select 2 Unattended sample from the Run menu then B Stop logging Select 1 Yes and return to the Unattended setup menu Stop logging 1 Yes 2 No Select option 0 for previous menu 2 9 2 CALIBRATE All of the sonde sensors except temperature require periodic calibration to assure high performance However the calibration protocols for dissolved oxygen are significantly different depending on whether the sonde is being set up for spot sampling or longer term unattended monitoring studies This difference is user selectable and is required primarily because the optimal performance of the Rapid Pulse dissolved oxygen senso
409. r probes e g temperature probe The top vent hole of the conductivity sensor must also be immersed during calibrations CALIBRATION TIPS 1 If you use the Calibration Cup for dissolved oxygen DO calibration make certain to loosen the seal to allow pressure equilibration before calibration The DO calibration is usually carried out in water saturated air 2 The key to successful calibration is to insure that the sensors are completely submersed when calibration values are entered Use recommended volumes when performing calibrations 3 For maximum accuracy use a small amount of previously used calibration solution to pre rinse the sonde You may wish to save old calibration standards for this purpose 4 Fill a bucket with ambient temperature water to rinse the sonde between calibration solutions or perform the calibration near a sink where the probes can be rinsed from the tap 5 Have several clean absorbent paper towels or cotton cloths available to dry the sonde between rinses and calibration solutions Shake the excess rinse water off YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 28 Sondes Section 2 of the sonde especially when the probe guard is installed Dry off the outside of the sonde and probe guard Making sure that the sonde is dry reduces carry over contamination of calibrator solutions and increases the accuracy of the calibration 6 If you are using laboratory glassware for calibration you d
410. r the and press Enter IMPORTANT MESSAGE WHAT IF THERE IS NO RESPONSE TO A KEYSTROKE To save power the sondes will power down automatically if no interaction from the keyboard occurs for approximately 60 seconds when an Autosleep function RS232 or SDI12 is activated in the Advanced Setup menu When the software is in this sleep mode the first subsequent keystroke simply wakes it up and has no visible effect on the display The next keystroke after the unit is awakened will be input to the software in the intended manner Thus if you press a key after the sonde has been inactive for some time and nothing seems to happen press the key again To gain experience with the sonde menus select the sonde icon in EcoWatch for Windows and press Enter See Figure 40 for the Sonde Menu Flow Chart In the following subsections you will learn about the functions of the various menu items and when to use them The discussion of the menu and submenu functions is organized in numerical order beginning with Section 2 9 1 RUN ae EcoWatch Sonde COM1 File View Comm Realtime Appl Window Help fel BIND 1 Run 4 2 Calibrate 3 File 4 Status 8 Advanced Select option for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 59 Sondes Section 2 2 9 1 RUN Select 1 Run from the Main menu to begin taking readings or to set verify the parameters required for a study There are two
411. r to be certain that all traces of chlorine bleach are removed Then rerinse the probe with clean water and retest Dry the sonde port and probe connector with compressed air and apply a very thin coat of O ring lubricant to all O rings before re installation DEPTH SENSOR The depth sensor modules are factory installed options that are located between the bulkhead and the sonde tube For 600XL and 600XLM sondes there is a circular protective cap with two small holes The cap cannot be removed but a syringe is supplied in the maintenance kit to aid in cleaning the pressure port Fill the syringe with clean water place the tip of the syringe into one of the holes and gently force water through the pressure port Ensure that the water comes out of the other hole Continue flushing the pressure port until the water comes out clean CAUTION Never try to remove the circular pressure port cap For 6920 6600 and 6820 sondes the depth sensor is exposed to the water by either a circular access port on the side of the sonde or a though hole on a module just above the sonde bulkhead A syringe is supplied in the maintenance kit to aid cleaning the pressure port Fill the syringe with clean water place the tip of the syringe into one of the holes and gently force water through the access port Ensure that the water comes out of the other hole Continue flushing the pressure port until the water comes out clean CAUTION Do not attempt to remove the dep
412. ration Select the 2 point option to calibrate the NH probe using only two calibration standards that are both at approximately the temperature of your environmental sample In this procedure the NH sensor is usually calibrated using solutions that contain 1 and 100 mg L of NH N Be certain that the calibration solution and sensor are thermally equilibrated prior to entering NH values To begin the calibration immerse the sonde in the 1 mg L standard press Enter input the NH N value and again press Enter The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the sensor has stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the first calibration Following the instructions on the screen place the sonde in the second NH standard press Enter input the correct concentration value again press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu Select the 3 point option to calibrate the NH probe using three calibration solutions two at ambient temperature and one at a temperature significantly different from ambient The 3 point calibration method should be used to assure maximum accuracy when the temperature of the media to be monitored cannot be YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 69 Sondes Section 2 anticipated The proce
413. rature Range 20 to 70 Degrees Celsius Dimensions 9 13 inches long by 4 75 inches wide by 2 25 inches deep Weight with 4 Alkaline C cells and no attached sonde or cable Approximately 2 1 Ibs 960 g Display 4 VGA LCD with 320 by 240 pixels with backlight Connector MS 8 Meets IP 67 specification Standard Battery Configuration 4 Alkaline C Cells with detached battery cover Optional Battery Configuration Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Pack with attached battery cover and 110 volt charger Battery Life Approximate battery life for typical sampling applications with 4 alkaline C cells 3 hours of on time per day for 0 5 month 10 working days with the meter powering a 6600 sonde with all probes active Approximate battery life for typical sampling applications with rechargeable battery pack 3 hours of on time per day for 0 2 months 4 working days with the meter powering a 6600 sonde with all probes active Battery capacity restored completely with a 6 hour charge and charged to approximately 85 with a 2 hour charge YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 61 650 MDS Section 3 Barometer Range 500 to 800 mm Hg Resolution 0 1 mm Hg Accuracy 3 mm Hg within 15 C of the calibration temperature Communication Protocol RS 232 to all sondes and for data transfer to PC and for software updates GPS via Y cable NMEA 0183 Standard Backlight Feature 4 LEDs illuminating LCD Keyboar
414. rature dependence For example the apparent chlorophyll content of our laboratory test samples of algae increased from 185 to 226 ug L when the temperature was dropped from 21 C to 1 C even though no change in phytoplankton content took place In the absence of compensation this effect would obviously result in errors in field chlorophyll readings if the site temperature were significantly different from the calibration temperature This temperature error can be reduced by employing a chlorophyll temperature compensation routine Chl tempco resident in the sonde software under the Advanced Sensor menu From our studies it appears that entry of a value of 1 to 2 per degree C for Chl tempco is appropriate to partially account for changes in the fluorescence of environmental phytoplankton with temperature This value can be estimated in the above example as follows Change in Temperature 21 1 20 C Change in Fluorescence 226 185 41 ug L Change in Fluorescence 41 185 x 100 22 1 Chl Tempco Factor 22 1 20 1 11 per degree C Note that the use of this empirically derived compensation does not guarantee accurate field readings since each species of phytoplankton is likely to be unique with regard to the temperature dependence of its fluorescence Changes in fluorescence with temperature are a key limitation of the in vivo fluorometric method see below which can only be reduced not eliminated by this compensatio
415. rature in C Specific Conductance in uS cm Dissolved Oxygen in air saturation Dissolved Oxygen in mg L pH ORP in millivolts Turbidity in NTUs and Chlorophyll in ug L Date and time will also be displayed NOTE Do not attempt to memorize or associate a number or letter with a particular parameter The numbering scheme is dynamic and changes depending on the sensors which have been enabled The following list is a complete listing of the abbreviations utilized for the various parameters and units available in the Report setup menu Parameter Description Date Day Month Y ear format selectable Time Hour Minute Second 24 hour clock format Temp C Temperature in degrees Celsius Temp F Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit Temp K Temperature in degrees Kelvin SpCond mS cm Specific Conductance in milliSiemens per centimeter SpCond uS cm Specific Conductance in microSiemens per centimeter Cond mS cm Conductivity in milliSiemens per centimeter Cond uS cm Conductivity in microSiemens per centimeter Resist MOhm cm Resistivity in MegaOhms centimeter Resist Kohm cm Resist Ohm cm TDS g L TDS kg L Sal ppt DO sat DO mg L DO chrg Press psia Press psir Depth meters Depth feet pH pH mV Orp mV NH4 N mg L NH4 N mV NH3 N mg L NO3 N mg L NO3 N mV Cl mg L Cl mV Turbid NTU Turbid NTU Chl ug L YSI Incorporated Resistivity in KiloOhms centimeter Resistivity in Ohms centimeter Total dissolved solids i
416. rchased from the YSI Massachusetts See Section 8 of this manual for contact information and Appendix K for a brief description of the PAR system for potential users Note that the units of turbidity are automatically presented as turbid NTU if a 6026 sensor has been selected and turbid NTU if a 6136 sensor has been selected The different designations are designed to differentiate the data from the two sensors types in later analysis For parameters with multiple unit options such as temperature conductivity specific conductance resistivity and TDS a submenu will appear as shown below allowing selection of desired units for this parameter Select option 0 for previous menu 2 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 83 Sondes Section 2 After configuring your display with the desired parameters press Esc or 0 to return to the Main menu Even if all of the sensors are enabled the measurements for those sensors will not appear on your display unless the parameter is selected in Report setup In order for a specific parameter to show up on a report 1 The sensor must first be enabled turned on 2 That parameter must be activated in the Report setup In the above example if the appropriate sensors have been activated in the Sensor setup section the following parameters will be displayed to the computer screen or captured to a computer or data collection platform when the sonde is sampling Tempe
417. re case in Saran Wrap or another similar product and secure it with plastic electrical tape In doing so the growth of undesirable animal and plant life will still occur but it will be easily removable by simply unwrapping the sonde and replacing the plastic wrap If the sonde is equipped with a depth sensor you will need to make two holes in the plastic wrap to allow water to enter the depth port These holes are located just below the pressure case in line with the socket cap screws that secure the depth sensor module to the sonde The battery compartment endcap assembly can be painted with two thin coats of paint However avoid getting paint on any of the stainless steel hardware or the sonde connector and do not allow paint to get in between the edge of the battery compartment cover and the battery compartment s opening YSI Incorporated 3 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 6600EDS PROBE GUARD The probe guard will require two thin coats of paint applied on both its inside and outside surfaces However the paint must not be allowed to get on the threads of the guard or it will not correctly attach to the sonde Masking tape should be used to properly protect the threads from being inadvertently painted The use of a Preval brand paint sprayer available at marine supply stores and automotive stores will greatly simplify this process Clear anti fouling paint in a spra
418. read the instructions carefully before using the sonde 2 6 2 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES The following calibration procedures are for the most commonly used sensors For detailed information on all calibration procedures refer to Section 2 9 2 Calibrate To ensure more accurate results you can rinse the calibration cup with water and then rinse with a small amount of the calibration solution for the sensor that you are going to calibrate Discard the rinse solution and add fresh calibrator solution Use tables 1 4 to find the correct amount of calibrator solution l Carefully immerse the probes into the solution and rotate the calibration cup to engage several threads YSI recommends supporting the sonde with a ring stand and clamp to prevent the sonde from falling over 2 With the proper cable connect the sonde to a PC access EcoWatch for Windows and proceed to the Main menu for information on how to run EcoWatch for Windows software see Section 2 4 2 Running EcoWatch Software From the sonde Main menu select 2 Calibrate YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 31 Sondes Section 2 1 Conductivity 6 ISE3 NH4 2 Dissolved Oxy 7 ISE4 NO3 3 Pressure Abs 8 Optic T Turbidity 6026 4 ISE1 pH 9 Optic C Chlorophyll 5 ISE2 ORP Select option 0 for previous menu 3 Note that the exact appearance of this menu will vary depending upon the sensors that are available and enabled on your sonde To select any of t
419. readings 8 C size Alkaline Batteries or External 12 VDC Approximately 90 days at 20 C at 15 minute logging intervals a 40 second DO warm up time and turbidity and chlorophyll active Temperature Conductivity Dissolved Oxygen pH ORP Ammonium Nitrate Chloride Depth shallow medium shallow vented Turbidity or Chlorophyll or Rhodamine WT fresh sea or polluted water 5 to 45 C 0 to 200 feet 61 meters 40 to 60 C for sonde and all sensors except pH and pH ORP 20 to 60 C for pH and pH ORP sensors Polyurethane PVC Stainless Steel 2 9 inches 7 4 cm Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual M 1 Specifications Length Weight Computer Interface Internal logging memory size Power Battery Life 6820 SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth Storage Temperature Material Diameter Length Weight Internal logging memory size Computer Interface Power 600XLM SONDE Available Sensors Operating Environment Medium Temperature Depth YSI Incorporated Appendix M 18 25 inches 46 4 cm with no depth 19 63 inches 49 9 cm with depth subtract 2 6 inches 6 6 cm if using short probe guard 3 74 pounds 1 7 kg with 6026 wiping turbidity sensor and without cable RS 232C SDI 12 384 kilobytes 150 000 individual parameter readings 8 AA size Alkaline Batteries or External 12 VDC Approximately 30 d
420. rement the Sonde sent a service request to indicate completion The bus master then sent the DO command to retrieve the data There were 5 data returned Since 7 readings should be available the master continued with D1 command and received the remaining data The responses from DO and D1 commands are Temperature 17 5 Specific conductance 12 05 DO 98 7 DO mg L 8 25 pH ISE1 6 45 ORP ISE2 325 Depth 10 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 7 4 Warranty and Service Information Section 8 SECTION 8 WARRANTY AND SERVICE INFORMATION The sondes are warranted for two years and the 650 MDS for three years against defects in workmanship and materials when used for their intended purposes and maintained according to instructions All cables are warranted for one year The depth dissolved oxygen temperature conductivity turbidity chlorophyll thodamine WT pH pH ORP and chloride probes are warranted for 1 year Ammonium and nitrate probes are warranted for six months Damage due to accidents misuse tampering or failure to perform prescribed maintenance is not covered The warranty period for chemicals and reagents is determined by the expiration date printed on their labels Within the warranty period YSI will repair or replace at its sole discretion free of charge any product that YSI determines to be covered by this warranty To exercise this warranty write or call your local YSI rep
421. remove all files from the sonde memory INCLUDING the glp file that may contain valuable calibration data It is critical not to use this option until all relevant data from sonde memory has been transferred to your computer via one of the upload options There is a verification screen that appears so that pressing the 6 key does not immediately delete all files at this point The management of the glp calibration record file that is automatically stored in sonde memory and is described in Section 2 9 2 above is similar to that for data files However there are some differences in the upload procedure of which the user should be aware When uploading a glp file there will be a choice of three upload protocols as shown below 2 Comma amp Delimited 3 ASCII Text Select option 0 for previous menu The binary upload choice should ONLY be used when uploading the glp file to a 650 Display Logger if the binary protocol is used in a direct upload to PC a glp file will indeed be transferred but it will not be possible to open it using the current YSI software or any other text editor Thus during a direct transfer of the glp file to your PC either the CDF or ASCII formats should be used The result will be the conversion of the file with a glp extension in the sonde to one with a txt extension which is now stored in the ECOWWIN DATA subdirectory of your PC For example the file 00003001 glp in the sonde will become 00003001 txt on tra
422. resentative or contact YSI Customer Service in Yellow Springs Ohio Send the product and proof of purchase transportation prepaid to the Authorized Service Center selected by YSI Repair or replacement will be made and the product returned transportation prepaid Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period or at least 90 days from date of repair or replacement 8 1 LIMITATION OF WARRANTY This Warranty does not apply to any YSI product damage or failure caused by i failure to install operate or use the product in accordance with YSI s written instructions ii abuse or misuse of the product iii failure to maintain the product in accordance with YSI s written instructions or standard industry procedure iv any improper repairs to the product v use by you of defective or improper components or parts in servicing or repairing the product or vi modification of the product in any way not expressly authorized by YSI THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE YSI s LIABILITY UNDER THIS WARRANTY IS LIMITED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT AND THIS SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT COVERED BY THIS WARRANTY IN NO EVENT SHALL YSI BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT COVERE
423. revent evaporation of the storage solution For YSI 600 systems equipped with a replaceable reference electrode module remove the reference module and plug the open port with the provided insert Place the module in the storage vessel boot which was in place on delivery and seal the vessel with electrical tape The vessel should contain a solution which is 2 molar in potassium chloride and should be sealed to prevent evaporation of the storage solution Make certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Fill the provided sonde storage vessel with tap water insert the sonde and seal the vessel with the cap and O ring Do not use deionized or distilled water in this case as it may damage the pH glass sensor that must remain in the sonde For YSI 600 systems equipped with a combination pH probe purchased prior to 1996 a different storage technique is required Make certain that the dissolved oxygen sensor has an undamaged membrane and electrolyte in place Fill the provided storage vessel with a solution which is 2 molar in potassium chloride KCI to a level which completely covers the dissolved oxygen and pH probes insert the sonde and seal the vessel with the cap and O ring ORP Long Term Storage ORP is not available on the YSI 600R For the 600QS where the ORP sensor cannot be removed from the sonde store the sensor in tap water in a sealed storage bottle For the YSI 600XL 600XLM 6820 6
424. rged debris is expected especially in rapidly moving rivers and streams it is strongly recommended that the probe guard should be wrapped with a plastic screen for added protection against damage to the pH probe Typically ideally the type of plastic screen that should be used will have a mesh with openings in a size range from 1 8 inch at the smallest to 1 4 inch at the largest The plastic screen should be secured to the sonde with plastic electrical tape or another similar means The additional shielding provided by the plastic screen will help to protect both the pH bulb and the DO membrane from the impact damage that submerged and floating debris can cause if the sonde has been deployed in rapidly moving water Proper installation of the sonde at the site of deployment is critical to the collection of good data In many locations 6600EDS sondes can be deployed in almost any configuration that provides for a secure tether between the sonde and some point of easy access Often this includes a chain or rope attached to a dock or piling at one end and to the sonde s stainless steel bail at the other end However for added protection at some deployment locations sondes have also been successfully deployed within the protected confines of a section of standard PVC pipe Such a deployment configuration serves to protect the instrument against damage from both natural causes and vandalism In order to properly deploy a 6600EDS sonde within a section o
425. ribed in detail below CAUTION If you install the membrane with the probe not installed in the sonde be sure that the protective cap is installed on the probe end away from the sensor face to ensure that the connector is not contaminated with electrolyte YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 5 Sondes Section 2 DO MEMBRANE INSTALLATION WITH THE PROBE NOT INSTALLED IN THE SONDE Remove the protective cap and the dry membrane from the YSI 6562 Dissolved Oxygen probe Make sure that the protective cap is installed on the connector end of the probe Hold the probe in a vertical position and apply a few drops of KCI solution to the tip The fluid should completely fill the small moat around the electrodes and form a meniscus on the tip of the sensor Be sure no air bubbles are stuck to the face of the sensor If necessary shake off the electrolyte and start over Figure 7 Secure a membrane between your left thumb and the probe body Always handle the membrane with care touching it only at the ends With the thumb and forefinger of your right hand grasp the free end of the membrane With one continuous motion gently stretch it up over and down the other side of the sensor The membrane should conform to the face of the sensor Secure the end of the membrane under the forefinger of your left hand Roll the O ring over the end of the probe being careful not to touch the membrane surface with your fingers
426. rmalize the two sets of readings so that they reflect the actual suspended solids at each site Although there is no guarantee that readings from the two sensors can be normalized exactly it is possible to bring the two types of turbidity data into fairly close agreement Two methods can be used depending on the accuracy required for the normalization The first involves the simple multiplication of the previously obtained 6026 readings by a linear factor For example for the YSI Southwest Ohio rivers study if the 6026 readings are multiplied by the empirically derived average factor of 0 65 the agreement of the two sensors will be within 10 or 2 NTU whichever is greater for most data points The second more accurate normalization method involves a fit of the observed turbidity readings to a third order polynomial For the YSI Southwest Ohio river data this method has produced agreement of the two sensors within 5 or 2 NTU whichever is greater for most points This method can be readily carried out in Microsoft Excel and the algorithm and instructions for its use will be available from YSI Customer Service CAUTION The conversion will be dependent on the nature of the suspended solids at your site and therefore the use of the algorithm obtained from several specific sites in SW Ohio will be only an approximation If necessary YSI will provide aid in defining the methodology to allow you to develop a conversion algorithm based on a polynomial fi
427. robes The brush will require some periodic cleaning and maintenance To avoid early replacement please follow these guidelines a When the sonde is removed from the water always inspect the brush and make sure that the bristles are close together and not bent or laying over If allowed to dry in a bent position the bristles will take on this setting permanently and their ability to clean the probes will be compromised b At the end of each deployment use a toothbrush to comb the bristles out and remove any accumulated fouling or sediment buildup Then rinse the wiper and brush with clean fresh water c ALWAYS remove the wiper brush assembly when doing a turbidity calibration Only the original wiper that came with your 6136 probe should be used for calibrations Otherwise sediment trapped in the brush will likely contaminate your 0 NTU standard when the wiper is activated d If the bristles are allowed to completely dry out after a deployment they will become rigid and somewhat unbendable In such a condition the probe s motor may not have the ability move the brush over the second optical probe when installed Therefore to insure that the wiper s operation will resume normally submerge the brush in clean fresh water and manually loosen the bristles before reinstalling and using it again 2 3 USING ANTI FOULING PAINT ON 6600EDS COMPONENTS Warning The use of anti fouling paint products on any part of a sonde probe or a comb
428. running turbidity measurements refer to Appendix E Turbidity Measurements YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 71 Sondes Section 2 OPTIC CHLOROPHYLL When selecting 10 Optic Chlorophyll there will be a choice of zeroing the full scale range of the fluorescence sensor Fluor Zero or calibrating with actual chlorophyll standards ug L 1 point 2 point or 3 point If you have selected Fluor FS as a parameter in Report Setup the sonde will report only relative values of fluorescence in the sample being measured These values could then be converted into actual chlorophyll concentrations in ug L by using a post calibration procedure after the chlorophyll content of grab samples taken during a sampling or monitoring study has been analyzed in a laboratory This determination can involve conducting the extractive analysis procedure described for chlorophyll in Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater or by carrying out an in situ measurement of chlorophyll using a commercial benchtop fluorometer The Fluor zero option is used to zero the fluorescence probe in a medium that is chlorophyll free Place the sonde in clear water and input 0 at the screen prompt Press Enter and the screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the fluorescence readings have stabilized Press Enter after the readings have stabilized to confirm the calibration and zero the sensor Then press any key to
429. ry pack from the instrument Failure to do this may result in overdischarge of the pack which can have a detrimental effect of its lifetime Note that YSI provides recharge options for many countries in the selection or the 6116 6126 and 6127 kits However it is possible that the power cord options in these kits will not be correct for some users In these cases users should purchase the 6126 or 6127 kit and substitute their local PC type power cord for the power cord shipped with the kit This power cord is usually readily available at any local electronics store An optional automotive cigarette lighter charger YSI 616 is also available for recharging the 650 battery pack Note that the user will require the 6116 adapter cable to use the cigarette lighter adapter Instructions and diagrams for configuring your cigarette lighter charger and changing fuses are shown below and are found on the back of the 616 package The user should save these instructions when unpacking the accessory and keep them for later reference YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 9 650 MDS Section 3 American and Japanese Vehicles European Vehicles E Adapter Adapter Ring Slot Spring Clip Adapter Cap T a KX C Power Cord __ Adapter Body Fuse Positive Tip To use the device with an American or Japanese vehicle slide the adapter ring off of the plug To use the device with a European vehicle leave the adapter ring on the
430. s installed below the threads as shown in Figure 5 above YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual L 2 Protective Zinc Anode Appendix L Figure 6 For the 6920 make certain that fresh batteries have been installed and that the battery lid is in place Then position the zinc anode on the connector making certain that the flat is toward the bail hardware Figure 6 above and that the anode is installed below the threads on the connector Figure 7 For the 600XLM the user will be required to manually cut a second flat on the other end of the C shaped anode sections Then make certain that fresh batteries have been installed in the sonde Finally with the battery lid in place install the anode sections on the connector being certain that the flats are on the sides where the bail attaches to the battery cover and that the assembly is below the threads of the connector The proper installation is shown in Figure 7 above For all sondes after the sections of the anode have been put in place squeeze the halves together using pliers if necessary for a tight fit Finally secure the anode to the connector using a cable tie which is included in the Model 6182 kit NOTE The zinc anode collar must be removed before you can replace the batteries for 6 00XLM and 6920 sondes A new plastic cable tie will be needed to re secure the zinc YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual L 3 Protect
431. s instructed press Enter to continue Dry the sonde carefully and then place the sonde in the second rhodamine WT standard 100 ug L is recommended using the same container as for the 0 ug L standard Input the correct rhodamine WT concentration in ug L press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time As above activate the wiper with the 3 key or manually rotate the sonde to remove bubbles After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration and then press Enter to return to the Calibrate menu Thoroughly rinse and dry the calibration cups for future use YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 39 Sondes Section 2 2 7 TAKING READINGS After you have 1 enabled the sensors 2 set the report to show the parameters that you want to see and 3 calibrated the sensors you are now ready to take readings There are two basic approaches to sampling discrete and unattended Using discrete sampling the sonde is connected via a communication cable to a PC or terminal The sampling frequency is likely to be rapid seconds in order to obtain a representative sampling as you move from site to site Readings will probably be logged to several different files Unattended sampling is normally done with sondes that have internal batteries The sampling frequency is likely to be longer minutes A sonde is typically deployed for days or weeks at a time and readings wil
432. s of chlorophyll provided in other sections of this manual Section 2 1 Getting Started Section 5 Principles of Operation and Section 2 10 Care Maintenance and Storage These are questions that may be asked by a typical user of the YSI 6820 6600 6920 and 600 OMS with the YSI 6025 chlorophyll sensors It does not deal with specific instructions for operation of the sondes at the level presented elsewhere in the manual Question 1 What is the YSI 6025 chlorophyll probe designed to measure The YSI sensor is designed to estimate the phytoplankton content of environmental water Phytoplankton concentrations can be useful in predicting detrimental algal blooms and indirectly in determining nutrient loading in environmental applications The phytoplankton content is estimated by detecting the fluorescence from the chlorophyll in these species in vivo i e without disrupting the living cells Note however that the sensor directly measures the fluorescence of all species in the water sample that occurs when they are irradiated with blue light centered at about 470 nm Usually most of the fluorescence is due to the chlorophyll in the phytoplankton but it is important to remember that any compounds which are present in the water sample either in chemical or biological form and fluoresce under the optical constraints of the sensor will contribute to the readings Question 2 What level of accuracy can be expected in my chlorophyll determinat
433. s of commercial dishwashing liquid 2 GENTLY clean the glass bulb and platinum button by rubbing with a cotton swab soaked in the cleaning solution 3 Rinse the probe in clean water wipe with a cotton swab saturated with clean water and then rerinse with clean water If good pH and or ORP response is still not restored by the above procedure perform the following additional procedure 1 Soak the probe for 30 60 minutes in one molar 1 M hydrochloric acid HCl This reagent can be purchased from most distributors Be sure to follow the safety instructions included with the acid 2 Rinse the probe in clean water wipe with a cotton swab saturated with clean water and then rerinse with clean water To be certain that all traces of the acid are removed from the probe crevices soak the probe in clean water for about an hour with occasional stirring If biological contamination of the reference junction is suspected or if good response is not restored by the above procedures perform the following additional cleaning step 1 Soak the probe for approximately 1 hour in a 1 to 1 dilution of commercially available chlorine bleach YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 98 Sondes Section 2 2 Rinse the probe with clean water and then soak for at least 1 hour in clean water with occasional stirring to remove residual bleach from the junction If possible soak the probe for period of time longer than 1 hour in orde
434. sampling applications e The Model 6026 probe has been offered by YSI since 1995 and is characterized by relatively small optics a factor that results in minimal penetration of the light beam into the sample and thus allows the use of shorter probe guards on the sonde in which it is installed Ifa 6026 sensor is selected in the Sensor menu of the sonde the turbidity will automatically be reported in the units turbid NTU e The Model 6136 is a new 2002 turbidity probe from YSI that is characterized by relatively large optics Since these larger optics result in deeper penetration of the light beam into the sample the use of a longer probe guard is required a slight disadvantage However the larger optical cell volume of the sensor has two significant advantages 1 There is less background noise associated with the turbidity readings and 2 the absolute values of the readings are significantly closer to those from typical laboratory turbidimeters such as the Hach 2100AN which use a large cell volume I fa 6136 sensor is selected in the Sensor menu of the sonde the turbidity will automatically be reported in the units turbid NTU YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 14 Principles of Operation Section 5 In the primary standard formazin the two turbidity sensors will show effectively identical behavior In addition AEPA AMCO polymer beads supplied by YSI as Model 6073 can also be used with one import
435. screw Figure 2 Properly Installed 6600EDS Wiper WIPER PAD MAINTENANCE The effectiveness of the wiper in maintaining a clean optical surface will eventually be compromised the rate being dependent on the water under investigation and the number of wipe cycles carried out Periodic inspection of the wiper pad is recommended in order to determine if the pad material is deteriorating or is impregnated with material resulting from biofouling In addition as a precaution changing the wiper pad prior to each long term deployment is also recommended Your 6600EDS sonde came equipped with a YSI 6144 kit containing twenty spare wiper pads for this purpose Please note that replacement of the wiper pad with a substitute material could result in damage to your probe not covered by the warranty Please also note that the wiper pad strips have only ONE side that is usable The wiper pads have a Mylar backing on one side and the on opposite side is the soft pad material that is to make contact with the probe face Alternately if you do not wish to change your wiper pad you can purchase a YSI 6628 Kit that contains two completely new wiper assemblies each of which comes with a new pad and setscrew preinstalled YSI Incorporated 2 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes WIPER BRUSH MAINTENANCE The 6600EDS wiper also has a brush that cleans the faces of the DO pH and temperature conductivity p
436. se the YSI 6025 to calibrant solutions involving any solvent other than water or very dilute aqueous acid mixtures Damage to the sensor under these conditions will not be covered under warranty Question 8 The Standard Methods procedure generates values designated as chlorophyll a Is this species the reporting unit for the YSI 6025 No The different types of chlorophyll cannot be differentiated by the YSI 6025 or by virtually any in vivo fluorometer The values from the YSI 6025 should be reported either as relative fluorescence units or in ug L of general chlorophyll as long as the method of determination and its limitations is specified Question 9 Is the YSI 6025 sensor linear with regard to changes in phytoplankton content Yes The sensor is very linear as evidenced by the following plot that shows the results of a serial dilution of a laboratory algae sample This linearity on a particular algal species maximizes the ability of the sensor to track relative phytoplankton changes from site to site or during a monitoring study LINEARITY OF YSI 6025 CHL SENSOR DILUTION OF LABORATORY ALGAE SAMPLE N oa N 9O oS gt g z O tz l l gt T a O d a z l o ke Wu oe O LI T 50 0 OBSERVED CHLOROPHYLL CONC UG L YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual 1 4 Chlorophyll Measurements Appendix I Question 10 What Data Filter settings should I
437. sengage When the difference between two consecutive unfiltered readings is larger than the threshold then the reading is displayed unfiltered When the difference between two consecutive readings drops below the threshold readings will be filtered again For the purposes of the filter consecutive readings are never more than 0 5 seconds apart When sampling faster than 0 5 seconds consecutive readings will be at the faster rate and you may want to adjust the threshold accordingly See section 2 9 1 for details on fast sampling The threshold feature is intended to speed response to large changes in a reading For example when changing from pH 7 buffer to a pH 4 buffer in a calibration it is likely that the filter will disengage for a time showing unfiltered readings until the sensor has nearly equilibrated with the new buffer At that time the filter will re engage and show filtered readings Without disengaging the filter for awhile much more time would be required to come to equilibrium after large changes in reading During the first time constant after the filter first engages the output reflects a simple average of all the readings from the time the filter engaged until the present Once the filter has been engaged for the period of the time constant it becomes a simple filter with a time constant equal to that set in 3 Time Constant Each time the filter disengages and then re engages this process is repeated Filter engagement and disen
438. ser avoid confusion in file and site list management It is also important to remember that as described in Section 3 2 2 above the memory of the 650 is flash and that while this type of memory has many advantages its use does impose two limitations on file management 1 The files are listed in the order that they are logged to memory and this order cannot be changed 2 Itis not possible to delete individual files to free up memory The only way to regenerate the 650 memory is to delete ALL files present i e format the flash To proceed with the details of 650 File management turn the instrument on highlight the File entry in the 650 Main menu and press Enter to display the File commands as shown below 650 Main Menu 650 File Sonde run Directory Sonde menu Upload to PC View file Legging setup File memory System setup Delete all files N39 47 328 W 83 54 131 740 3mm g H N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Tatai o E 06 06 2000 17 35 09 E ir 06 04 2000 12 35 56 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 46 650 MDS Section 3 3 6 2 DIRECTORY Use the arrow keys to highlight the Directory selection in the 650 File menu and press Enter to display the list of files resident in the 650 memory Filename Samples Bytes PROFILE1 dat 179 9047 DEPLOY1 dat 8 668 N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 EA 07 12 2001 07 16 17 Qmm Note that the size of t
439. series sonde sensors for later analysis It is important to understand that sonde sensor data can be logged to two memory locations using a system consisting of a 650 interfaced with a sonde 1 memory resident in the sonde and 2 memory resident in the 650 itself Different applications may favor one logging choice over another In addition data can be logged either as single points after the user has verified stabilization or as a continuous data stream at a fixed sample interval No matter where or how the user decides to log field data with a 650 sonde system the 650 software plays the key role in controlling the process When setting up the 650 sonde system for your logging application it important to realize that the 650 Run display from which all logging is initiated can be activated by two methods The first is to simply highlight the Sonde run selection from the 650 menu The second is to use the Sonde menu command from the 650 Main menu to enter the sonde menu structure and then to activate a Discrete sample study Either of these methods can be used to log data to both the sonde and the 650 However for most applications the latter method Run screen from sonde Discrete sample should be used to activate logging to sonde memory with the sample interval between logged points in a continuous data stream set from the Discrete sample menu of the sonde Likewise the former method direct activation of the 650 Run display from the Sonde run
440. shown below Temp SpCond Sal DOsat DO Depth PH NH4 N NO3 N Turbid C mS cm ppt mg L feet mg L mg L NTU Stabilizing 38 After the warm up time is complete the readings just before and just after calibration are displayed When you press Enter the screen returns to the DO Calibration menu DEPTH AND LEVEL For the depth and level calibration make certain that the depth sensor module is in air and not immersed in any solution From the Calibrate menu select Pressure Abs or Pressure Gage if you have a vented level sensor to access the depth calibration procedure Input 0 00 or some known sensor offset in feet Press Enter and monitor the stabilization of the depth readings with time When no significant change occurs for approximately 30 seconds press Enter to confirm the calibration This zeros the sensor with regard to current barometric pressure Then press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu For best performance of depth measurements users should ensure that the sonde s orientation remains constant while taking readings This is especially important for vented level measurements and for sondes with side mounted pressure sensors pH 2 POINT Using the correct amount of pH 7 buffer standard see Tables 1 4 in a clean dry or pre rinsed calibration cup carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Allow at least 1 minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding From the Calibra
441. sk are sufficient to remove black deposits on the silver electrodes However in extreme cases more sanding may be required to regenerate the original silver surface After completing the sanding procedure repeatedly rinse the probe face with clean water and wipe with lens cleaning tissue to remove any grit left by the sanding disk After cleaning thoroughly rinse the entire tip of the probe with distilled or deionized water and install a new membrane IMPORTANT Be sure to 1 Use only the fine sanding disks provided in the 6035 maintenance kit in the resurfacing operation and 2 Sand in a direction parallel to the gold electrode Not adhering to either of these instructions can seriously damage the electrodes NOTE If this procedure is unsuccessful as indicated by improper probe performance it may be necessary to return the probe to an authorized service center See Section 8 Warranty and Service Information for contact information YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 97 Sondes Section 2 6560 CONDUCTIVITY TEMPERATURE PROBES The openings that allow fluid access to the conductivity electrodes must be cleaned regularly The small cleaning brush included in the 6570 Maintenance Kit is ideal for this purpose Dip the brush in clean water and insert it into each hole 15 20 times In the event that deposits have formed on the electrodes it may be necessary to use a mild detergent with the brush After cleaning
442. splay is likely to require some adjustment The contrast is easily adjusted by pressing and holding down the backlight key in the upper right of the keypad and then pressing repeatedly or holding down the up down arrow keys while observing the display Pressing the up arrow while holding down the backlight key increases darkens the contrast pressing the down arrow under these conditions decreases lightens the contrast NOTE The backlight itself will only be activated if the backlight key is pressed and released You must hold down the backlight key to adjust the contrast YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 11 650 MDS Section 3 3 2 8 USING THE YSI 650 KEYPAD On Off Backlight Escape Key ac Enter Key Alpha Numeric Keys Minus Hyphen Key Period Key YSI incorporated The 650 keypad allows the user to navigate various sonde and 650 menu selections and to make alpha numeric entries into both the 650 and sonde software The arrow keys are used to select various options in the menus the cellular phone style alpha numeric keys allow data entry the Enter key is used to confirm selections and the Escape key returns the user to the previous position in the menu structure The alpha numeric keys of the 650 can be used to enter both numbers and letters For many entries however where only numbers are appropriate the software automatically allows ONLY numeric entry e g the letters ABC associated wit
443. stalled so that it cannot move during measurement Normally a staff gauge is installed with a weir After the sonde is installed calibrate depth to the value read off the staff gauge Be sure also to follow the instructions printed in Appendix G Using Vented Level FLUME Generally there is a staff gauge installed in a flume at the point where the level should be measured Be certain that you know the location of the measurement for the flume you are using Some flumes are built with a stilling well outside of the flume Deploying the sonde in the stilling well will give accurate level readings but readings of other parameters like DO and pH may not be equivalent to those in the main flow of the flume Also be aware that many flumes are not much bigger than the sonde Installing the sonde in the flume may change the way the flume behaves thus causing errors in flow readings An ideal deployment would include a flume with a recess for the sonde that locates the pressure sensor properly allows the other sensors to measure the water flowing through the flume and does not significantly alter the geometry of the flume In a flume this means deploying the sonde horizontally If possible deploy the sonde so that the pressure sensor on the side of the sonde is slightly below the lowest level expected Also be aware that the pressure sensor in the sonde is along the side of the sonde and not at its very tip Ifa sonde is deployed vertically in the flume
444. standard prepared in the previous step should be used within 24 hours of its preparation When Rhodamine standards are required in the future perform another dilution of the concentrated Rhodamine solution after warming it to ambient temperature Our experience has indicated that the concentrated solution that has been kept at cold temperatures is much more stable than the dilute solution stored at room temperature It is well known that the intensity of the fluorescence of many dyes shows an inverse relationship with temperature The effect must also be accounted for when calibrating the YSI chlorophyll sensor with rhodamine B Enter the calibration value from the table below corresponding to the temperature of the standard WARNING The Chl Tempco factor in the Advanced Sensor menu MUST BE SET TO ZERO when calibrating with Rhodamine B YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 21 Principles of Operation Section 5 Table Approximate algal chlorophyll equivalent of 0 5 mg L Rhodamine B as a function of temperature T C ug L Chi to T C Ug L Chl to fee a T 20 s20 s 00 0 _ RHODAMINE WT STANDARD SOLUTION CAUTION Be certain to read and follow all the safety instructions and MSDS documentation which is supplied with the dye before proceeding Remember that only trained personnel should handle chemicals Use the following procedure to prepare a Rhodamine WT solution for use as a sensor stability
445. status box will appear in the lower right quadrant of the screen Verification of a successful transfer is indicated when all of the requested data are transferred 1 PC6000 2 Comma amp Delimited 3 ASCII Text Select option 0 for previous menu Press 0 or Esc to return to the File menu When you select the 3 Quick Upload option the same operation as 2 Upload is performed except that only the most recent flash disk file is uploaded and it is uploaded in its entirety You still must choose the transfer format from the three options provided Select 4 View File to examine the data in any file currently stored in sonde flash disk memory You will first view the same screen as viewed in the Directory menu From this menu choose the file of interest then using the Time window menu choose the dates and or times of interest If you choose dates or times that are not within the designated start and stop times no data will be displayed You may choose the entire file Use the Space Bar to alternately stop and to resume scrolling Use the Ese key to cancel the view YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 78 Sondes Section 2 Select the 5 Quick View File option to view the last page of data from the last data file in sonde memory This feature is particularly useful in quickly reviewing recently acquired data at field sites so that system performance can be assessed Select 6 Delete all files to IRREVERSIBLY
446. sting 2 If electrolyte from the battery pack contacts the skin or clothing thoroughly wash the area immediately with clean water The battery fluid can irritate the skin Caution Notifications Misuse creates a possibility of mild or serious injury or damage to the equipment 1 Do not strike or drop the battery pack If any impact damage to the battery pack is suspected contact YSI Customer Service 2 Store the battery pack out of reach of babies and small children 3 Store the battery pack between the temperatures of 20 and 30 C 4 Before using the battery pack be sure to read the operation manual and all precautions carefully Then store this information carefully to use as a reference when the need arises YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 59 650 MDS Section 3 LA o16 Cigarette Lighter Charger Safety Information 1 This section contains important safety and operating instructions for the 650 cigarette lighter battery charger YSI Model 616 RadioShack Number 270 1533E BE SURE TO SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS 2 Before using the 616 cigarette lighter charger read all instructions and cautionary markings on battery charger battery pack and Model 650 3 Charge the 6117 battery pack with the 616 cigarette lighter charger ONLY when the 6117 is installed in the YSI 650 4 Do not expose charger to rain moisture or snow 5 Use of an attachment not recommended or sold by the battery charger
447. storage boot to prevent abrasion TURBIDITY CHLORPHYLL AND RHODAMINE No special precautions are necessary for either the short or long term storage of the chlorophyll rhodamine WT and turbidity probes However for long term storage the user may wish to remove the probe from the sonde replace it with a port plug and store the probe in dry in air to minimize any cosmetic degradation of the probe body and to maximize the life of the wiper YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 104 Sondes Section 2 DEPTH AND LEVEL No special precautions are required for the sensor itself but see instructions above with regard to maintaining a dry atmosphere in the vent tube Sensors can be stored dry or wet as long as solutions in contact with the strain gauge sensor port are not corrosive for example chlorine bleach Recommendations are identical for short term and long term storage YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 105 650 MDS Section 3 SECTION 3 650 MDS DISPLAY LOGGER 3 1 INTRODUCTION The YSI 650 Multiparameter Display System 650 MDS is a powerful hand held microcomputer based instrument that allows the user to display sonde readings configure sondes store and recall data upload data from sondes and transfer data to computers for analysis and plotting Key features of the YSI 650 MDS Completely waterproof case that is submersible to 1 m Meets IP 67 specification Rugged design w
448. stream of data electronically for a single site at a sample interval of 10 seconds between data points Note that this is a similar example to that in 3 5 2 2 above except that the logging is to 650 rather than sonde memory and a data stream rather than a single point will be logged The first step in this application is to make certain that the sample interval is set correctly for the logging study The factory default sample interval of 1 second will therefore need to be changed to 10 seconds To set the sample interval highlight the Logging setup entry in the 650 Main menu and press Enter 650 Main Menu Legging setup Sonde run Interval helen Sonde menu Use site list File MStore Barometer Logging setup LiStere Lat and Long System setup 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 EEE 9 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 739 5mm g C _ O O 07 12 2004 08 52 47 07 12 2004 08 58 06 Ea YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 33 650 MDS Section 3 Press Enter at the highlighted Interval selection and use the arrow keys to scroll to the right and change the interval from 1 second to 10 seconds Confirm the selection by pressing Enter and then press Esc to return to the 650 Main menu Logging setup Interval 00 00 16 Use site list Store Barometer Store Lat and Long N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 i 07 12 2001 09
449. study perhaps using a spreadsheet for the simple mathematical treatment In any case getting quantitative chlorophyll data from any in vivo fluorometric sensor is much more difficult than with most other environmental sensors For this reason it is difficult to provide an accuracy specification for chlorophyll measurement made with in vivo fluorometers and therefore no accuracy specification is quoted for the YSI 6025 EFFECT OF CELL STRUCTURE PARTICLE SIZE AND ORGANISM TYPE ON IN VIVO READINGS Even if the only fluorescent species present for in vivo measurements were chlorophyll and reliable calibration standards were available its absolute quantification would probably still be difficult because samples are not homogeneous Differing species of algae with differing shape and size will likely fluoresce differently even if the type and concentration of chlorophyll are identical and this significantly limits the accuracy of in vivo measurements EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON PHYTOPLANKTON FLUORESCENCE As noted above YSI experiments indicate that phytoplankton fluorescence increases as temperature decreases Thus readings taken on a phytoplankton suspension at cold temperature would erroneously indicate the presence of more phytoplankton than when the suspension is read at room temperature Unless this effect is taken into account most field readings will be somewhat in error since the field temperature will differ from the temperature of calibration
450. sure to carry out a 3 point calibration the first time you use the probe This will provide a default setting for the effect of temperature on your particular sensor After this initial calibration you can use the less time consuming 2 point and 1 point routines to update the 3 point calibration However we strongly recommend a new 3 point calibration after each deployment of 30 days or longer 2 Ion selective electrodes may not stabilize as rapidly as pH sensors Be sure to allow plenty of time for the readings to come to their final values during all calibration routines 3 Ion selective electrodes generally drift more than pH sensors To check for this drift place the sonde in one of your standards at the end of each deployment 4 Ammonium standards are good growth media for a variety of organisms This growth can significantly reduce the nitrogen content of your standards an effect that is particularly important for the 1 mg L solution It is best to use new standards for each deployment but if you decide to save your solutions for reuse we recommend refrigerated storage to minimize the growth of these organisms 5 Remember that the ammonium sensor will take longer to stabilize after exposure to buffers in a sonde pH calibration To accelerate this process soak the sensor in 100 mg L standard for a few minutes after performing a pH calibration In addition be particularly careful that readings are stable during ammonium calibration a
451. swer commonly asked questions with regard to the new 6136 sensor Why is YSI offering this new sensor design The new sensor is being offered to customers for three reasons e Extensive empirical tests on field sediment samples conducted by YSI have shown that the new 6136 turbidity sensor correlates more closely with data from the Hach 2100AN a laboratory meter which is generally recognized as the standard for turbidity measurement than the current 6026 turbidity sensor Many of our customers desire this improved agreement with the industry standard e The 6136 turbidity sensor has less noise and thus provides smoother more reproducible readings and greater accuracy at low turbidity levels than the current 6026 turbidity sensor e The reliability of the sensor has been increased by improving the seals against leakage and by implementing a more robust motor gearbox to prevent premature wiper failure How good is the agreement of the new design sensor with the Hach 2100AN The summary graphs below show the agreement between the two instruments for 108 comparative readings taken in January through April in Southwest Ohio rivers near Yellow Springs The results have been divided into two plots so that the agreement in both low and high turbidity ranges can be evaluated YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual E 1 Turbidity Measurements Appendix E 60 4 Comparison of new YSI turbidity probe with Hach 2100AN
452. t of the drift will vary depending on the age of the probe the flow rate at the site and the quality of the water For all monitoring studies using ion selective electrodes the user should acquire a few grab samples during the course of the deployment for analysis in the laboratory by chemical means or with another ammonium sensor which has been recently calibrated Remember that the typical accuracy specification for the sensor 10 of the reading or 2 mg L whichever is larger refers to sampling applications where only minimal time has elapsed between calibration and field use CALIBRATION AND EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE The ammonium sensor should be calibrated using solutions of known total ammonium nitrogen content according to the procedures detailed in Sections 2 6 1 and 2 9 2 If a two point calibration protocol is used the temperature of the standards should be as close as possible to that of the environmental medium to be monitored The recommended calibration procedure is one involving three solutions Two of the solutions should be at ambient temperature while the third should be at least 10 degrees Celsius different from ambient temperature This protocol minimizes the effects of taking readings at temperatures that are significantly different ambient laboratory temperatures MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION PRECAUTIONS 1 The temperature response of ion selective electrodes is not as predictable as that of pH sensors Therefore be
453. t Directory and press Enter as shown below Then press Enter with the cursor on the BLUELAKE file to show the file details Directory 650 File Upload to Pc View file Fils memory Delete all files IBLUELAKE dat N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 02 25 2000 17 19 17 TALZMMA Filename Samples 2 Bytes 397 File details iew file File BLUELARE Site ID YSI 650 Samples Bytes 3 dat 2 97 First 07 11 2001 15 22 33 Last 07 11 2001 15 22 41 E i 1H m g N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 07 11 2001 15 23 37 737 0mmHg BL I N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 736 07 11 2001 15 24 19 Smmh fa 3 H Note that there is NO Site name listed for the file BLUELAKE since data from more than on site was logged to it Now highlight the View file selection and press Enter to display the data in BLUELAKE as shown below Date m d y BLUELAKE Time hh mm ss 0272572000 02 25 2000 21 54 14 21 54 25 BLUELAKE Turbid N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 02 25 2000 22 18 57 El 740 3mmHg HiMH m N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 E 02 25 2000 22 20 34 El 740 4mmilg HiMH SiteNum I 2 BLUELAKE N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 02 25 2000 22 21 21 I 740 4mmig Nin Note that the data from two sites is identified by the Site Number attached
454. t for your specific sites How will I be able to determine if the turbidity data in a particular file was measured with a 6026 or a 6136 In the sonde View menus the data associated with the turbidity sensor in any file will be shown as turbid NTU if the 6026 was used and turbid NTU if the 6136 was used After upload from a sonde in ASCII or CDF format this unit differentiation will be maintained to distinguish between the sensors If you are analyzing your data in EcoWatch for Windows after a PC6000 format upload of data from a sonde the parameters will be defined as Turbidity for a 6026 sensor and Turbidity for a 6136 sensor Is there any difference in the recommended calibration protocol for the two sensors No The new 6136 turbidity sensor requires the latest version of sonde software to perform an accurate calibration The software will be available on the YSI web page and can be easily downloaded over the Internet for sonde upgrades of older instruments If you purchase a new sonde package the revised software will already be installed and ready for use Both the new 6136 turbidity sensor and the older 6026 turbidity sensor meet the published linearity specification using either the 2 point or 3 point calibration method as described in the 6 series sonde manual Can I use the same turbidity standards with the new sensor as for the old Yes but with a qualification explained below You can use either suspensions
455. t in the display The offset value is approximate due to the variation in the tenths of a mm digit of the sensor This value can be used to return the sensor to its factory calibration simply recalibrate the sensor to a new value which is determined by current value offset Calibrate barometer Calibrate barometer Calibrate barometer mmHg EEE mmHg 740 Mea 7 40 0 Baro offset 0 0 Baro offset 0 0 Baro offset 6 3 6 05 2000 17 56 12 Ent N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 rasan N0 0 000 E 0 0 000 Taxa BO Oe DEO 0 008 zao omi 06 05 2000 17 54 47 Ein 06 05 2000 17 55 15 HE Note that this entry will only appear if your have ordered your 650 with the barometer option NOTE After initial calibration of the barometer a file with a name defined by the Circuit Board ID and a glp extension e g 00003245 glp will automatically be generated and stored in 650 memory Each additional barometer calibration record for will also be stored See Section 6 3 below for the transfer of this file to a computer for viewing and storage YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 20 650 MDS Section 3 3 4 SONDE MENU INTERFACE 3 4 1 INTRODUCTION The Sonde menu selection in the 650 Main menu provides a terminal like interface simulating the connection of the sonde to a PC as described in detail in Section 2 of the 6 series manual Thus this item provides access to the entir
456. t its current cost If you have any additional questions with regard to the selection of a YSI turbidity sensor please contact YSI Customer Service See Section 8 of this manual for contact information GENERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT FIELD TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS Where should I get my turbidity standards To properly calibrate YSI turbidity sensors you MUST use standards that have been prepared according to details in Standard Methods for the Treatment of Water and Wastewater Section 2130 B Acceptable standards include a formazin prepared according to Standard Methods b dilutions of 4000 NTU formazin concentrate purchased from Hach c Hach StabCal standards in various NTU denominations and d AMCO AEPA standards prepared specifically for the 6026 and 6136 by either YSI or an approved YSI vendor as listed on YSI website www ysi com STANDARDS FROM OTHER VENDORS OTHER THAN HACH YSI OR YSI APPROVED ARE NOT ACCEPEPTABLE FOR USE WITH THE YSI TURBIDITY SYSTEM AND THEIR USE WILL LIKELY RESULT IN BOTH CALIBRATION ERRORS AND INCORRECT FIELD READINGS For the best combination of accuracy and ease of use we recommend that you use standards that have been prepared from AMCO AEPA polymer beads by either YSI or a YSI approved vendor This material is listed as a secondary turbidity standard by Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater These standards have been certified to be the proper value in NTUs by comparison of their turbi
457. tain fluorescent phytoplankton even though none were present The following diagram can be used to better understand the principles of the YSI system Light Source 470 nm Photodetector Optical Filter Optical Fiber Most commercial fluorometers fit into two categories In the first category are benchtop instruments that generally have superior optical flexibility and capability but are relatively expensive and are often difficult to use in the field In the second category are sonde type fluorometers that have a fixed optical configuration but are less expensive can be more easily used in the field and are usually compatible with data collection platforms The use of a pump is recommended for some sonde fluorometers and this can result in the need for large capacity batteries for field use YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 18 Principles of Operation Section 5 The unique YSI chlorophyll system available as an option for use with YSI sondes consists of a probe which is similar in concept to the sonde type fluorometers but is much smaller making it compatible with the probe ports of the YSI 6820 6920 600 OMS and 6600 sondes The output of the sensor is automatically processed via the sonde software to provide readings in either generic fluorescence units percent full scale FS or ug L of chlorophyll No pump is required for the YSI system allowing the sensor to operate off of either the sonde internal ba
458. tandard 6600 sonde the primary difference between the two sondes is that the probes are located in slightly different locations on the 6600EDS Refer to Figure 1 for the correct location of the probes on the 6600EDS sonde Chlorophyll Probe Turbidity Probe Temperature Conductivity Probe FIGURE 1 INSTALLED 6600EDS PROBES Caution The 6600EDS sonde design intentionally exposes the fragile end of the pH probe so that the wiper can clean it Therefore this design requires that the user pay close attention to the glass bulb of the pH probe EVERY time the probe guard is installed or removed the calibration cup is installed or removed and when the probes are being calibrated Any hard surface that contacts the glass bulb of the pH probe could cause damage that is not covered by the warranty As for all YSI Rapid Pulse DO instruments the user should also take extreme care not to impact the DO membrane when installing or removing calibration cups or probe guards Always pay strict attention to the safety of the probes when servicing or calibrating your sonde See section 3 3 for information as to how you can further protect your probes during deployment YSI Incorporated 1 of 9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 2 2 WIPER INSTALLATION AND CARE Warning Manually rotating the wiper after installation onto the shaft of the probe will cause gear damage that is not covered by the
459. te menu select ISE1 pH to access the pH calibration choices and then press 2 2 Point Press Enter and input the value of the buffer 7 in this case at the prompt Press Enter and the current values YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 35 Sondes Section 2 of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and change with time as they stabilize in the solution Observe the readings under pH and when they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter The display will indicate that the calibration is accepted After the pH 7 calibration is complete press Enter again as instructed on the screen to continue Rinse the sonde in water and dry the sonde before proceeding to the next step Using the correct amount see Tables 1 4 of an additional pH buffer standard into a clean dry or pre rinsed calibration cup carefully immerse the probe end of the sonde into the solution Allow at least 1 minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding Press Enter and input the value of the second buffer at the prompt Press Enter and the current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and will change with time as they stabilize in the solution Observe the readings under pH and when they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter After the second calibration point is complete press Enter again as instructed on the screen to return to the Calibrate menu Rinse
460. ted as shown above and the Enter key is pressed The header changes from Run to Sample logged to confirm that the data storage to sonde memory was successful and then returns automatically to the Sonde run display The user turns the 650 off and returns to the office to retrieve the data The single data point is stored in the sonde memory under the automatically generated file name NONAME1 The file can be viewed by selecting Sonde menu from the 650 Main menu and pressing Enter 650 Main Menu Sonde run File Legging setup System setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 01 2000 17 06 37 H 740 6mmAg Main Run Calibrate Status System Report Sensor advanced N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 01 2000 18 22 13 739 9mmHg B I EE To view the data on return from the site the user selects the sonde menu File selection presses Enter to confirm the entry and then highlights theView file selection and presses Enter Following these instructions generates a display of the data that is stored in the sonde memory under the default name NONAME1 Use the right left arrow keys to scroll horizontally to view all of the data File Directory Upload Quick Upload Quick view file Delete all files N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 3mmHg 06 01 2000 18 26 03 N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 01 2000 18 26 59 a CURIE 740 0mmiig Le lt asi
461. ter mismatch between the current 650 setup and that initially used Use 650 File view and the Parameter Mismatch screen to determine the sonde parameter barometer and GPS format of file already present in memory and readjust the setup to match that initially used GPS data is not shown in Status Bar Make sure that a the cables are attached properly b that the GPS unit is configured for NMEA 0183 format c that the GPS unit is locked in and that the GPS unit display is showing proper readings The 650 display flashes and the instrument speaker makes a continuous clicking sound The battery voltage is low Change to new C cells or recharge the 6117 battery pack The sonde 650 resets when optical wipers are activated in the sonde The battery voltage is low Change to new C cells or recharge the 6117 battery pack If these guidelines and tips fail to correct your problem or if any other symptoms occur contact YSI Customer Service for Advice See Section 8 of the 6 series manual for contact information YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 56 650 MDS Section 3 3 12 FERRITE BEAD INSTALLATION WARNING If you are using your 650 in a European Community CE country or in Australia or New Zealand you must attach a ferrite bead to the 655174 PC Interface Cable and the 6116 Charger Adapter Cable in order to comply with the Residential Commercial and Light Industrial Class
462. tering an Instrument ID name O C O O L Successful completion of the above list is essential for you to continue on to Section 3 3 which focuses on the custom setup of the 650 In subsequent sections you will learn about how to set up sonde menus via the 650 interface log data to both sonde and 650 memory and use the GPS and barometer features of the 650 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 1 650 MDS Section 3 3 2 1 UNPACKING Remove the instrument from the shipping box being careful not to discard any parts or supplies Use the packing list to ensure all items are included and inspect all assemblies and components for damage If any parts are damaged or missing contact your YSI representative immediately If you do not know which YSI dealer you obtained your YSI 650 from refer to Section 8 of your 6 series sonde manual for contact information The 650 is offered in four configurations 650 01 Low memory with no barometer 650 02 High memory with no barometer 650 03 Low memory with barometer 650 04 High memory with barometer All configurations include the 650 with hand strap and strain relief lanyard installed and the 655174 PC interface cable for use in data transfer to a PC and software updates from a PC Make certain that you have received these two items 650 itself and PC Interface Cable during the unpacking process The following optional accessories are offered for use with
463. ters include a short pigtail for power that plugs into the power supply After attaching the four pin connector from the power supply to the pigtail simply plug the power supply into the appropriate AC outlet See Section 2 2 Connecting Your Sonde for specific information on cables adapters and power supplies required for connecting your sonde to various devices Figure 32 The system configuration best suited for Sonde to Lab Computer initial setup is shown in Figure 32 TA SKE Power Supply m 6037 220 VAC 6038 110 VAC MS 8 Field Cable You will need Q Sonde U Field Cable Sonde Q Computer with Com Port Q 6095B MS 8 DB 9 Adapter Not required if you use Q sonde battery power Power Supply INSTALLING BATTERIES The 600XLM 6600 6920 and battery version of the 600 OMS are the only sondes that use alkaline batteries for power A set of batteries is supplied with each of these sondes If you do not have one of these sonde model types you may skip this section YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 15 Sondes Section 2 INSTALLING BATTERIES INTO THE YSI 600XLM OR 600 OMS Figure 33 To install 4 AA size alkaline batteries into the sonde refer to the following directions and Figure 33 DO NOT USE BAIL FOR LEVERAGE BULKHEAD WHEN REMOVING BATTERY CAP Grasp the cylindrical battery cover and unscrew by han
464. th module from the sonde body LEVEL SENSOR For level sensors follow all the maintenance procedures given for depth sensors In addition ensure that the desiccant always remains active Active desiccant is a distinctive blue color When it can absorb no more moisture it is a rose red or pink color For either the cartridge or the canister the end that is vented to atmosphere will begin to change color first As long as the desiccant closest to the sonde is blue no maintenance is required Local conditions will dictate how long the desiccant will last In humid environments the desiccant may need to be changed or regenerated well before it is completely exhausted to ensure that it lasts the entire deployment You may regenerate the desiccant replace the desiccant in the cartridge or canister or replace the entire cartridge or canister See Appendix G Using Vented Level for more information To regenerate the desiccant remove it from the unit and spread it evenly one granule deep on a suitable tray Heat for about one hour at about 200 C about 400 F The desiccant should then be cooled in a suitable tight container before refilling the unit The color of the desiccant will return to blue if the regeneration cycle has been successful The felt filters should also be dried at about 100 C about 200 F for about 30 minutes before assembly Desiccant material is sold separately Both the cartridge and canister can easily be opened e
465. the Appearance of a Graph or Table M EcoWatch SAMPLE DAT of x Ta File Edit View Comm Realtime Graph i Window Help le Add Remove x Attributes Names SAMPTE DAT _ BO fe ee eg f M E coWatch SAMPLE DAT olx File Edit View Comm Realtime Graph 6200 Appl Window Help le xj Parameters gt co Gad E ERN E gt onoma rg of DMM Bio ONAMO a SOC00 NNN ae Sworiok PONOSU Soin IOI a or 5 Trace Color Depth ORPO pH 20 ConcomepCondimSa Temp C o iY 5 39 4 Page Title 8 AP an 3 206 538 az 158 1Trace per Graph i i 5 yuli 2 Traces per Graph 7 10 za aan a E 088 206 4 5 012 1375 g ti WT aa 162 6 2 ify 148 0 UMA aan 3 2 76 f S i Oo 4 24 alae D BZ 79 7 98 492N 4 EER 06 21 1993 o6 73 7104 S 4 iF an Set parameter display units A i 2 we tian i MOWAON ONN ONATN 47 20 2949 NAA 1ER nnana nann 06 21 1993 06 22 1993 06 24 1993 06 25 1993 06 27 1993 06 28 1993 DateTime M D Y x Set graph page font and color If you are displaying the graph you may change the appearance by changing font font style size and text color You may also change page color trace color and graph background color You may assign a custom 2 line title for the graph and finally you may display 1 trace or 2 per set of axes For display of table formatted results you may c
466. the YSI 6 series software through the use of the parameter DOsat Local For example for an air calibration in the mountains at a typical barometric pressure of 630 mm Hg the DOsat Local value at calibration would read 100 0 and the value of 630 mm would be stored in instrument memory If the sensor did not drift electrochemically and the sonde was taken to a location where the atmospheric pressure was exactly 760 mm Hg e g sea level then the DOsat Local reading in air or air saturated water would change to 120 6 760 630 100 because there is more total oxygen in the air at the lower elevation YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Operations Manual J 1 Percent Air Saturation Appendix J The mg L value for water saturated air or air saturated water assuming a temperature of 20 C at both sites would change from 7 54 mg L 1 00 630 760 9 09 in the mountains to 9 09 mg L 1 206 630 760 9 09 at sea level Thus to calculate mg L values at any site after calibration using this convention the DOsat Local value is multiplied by the ratio of the barometric pressure at calibration to 1 atm table conditions and then by the table value as shown above Note that the same mg L values are obtained at both sites for the DOsat and DOsat Local conventions even though the percent saturation values are significantly different It is important to note that the convention specified for satura
467. the YSI chlorophyll system only one type of standard will assure accurate field readings a suspension of phytoplankton of known chlorophyll content The chlorophyll content of this suspension should be determined by the extractive analysis procedure described in Standard Methods Most users will not have this analyzed plankton suspension available prior to field studies for use in the 2 point calibration protocol resident in the sonde software Thus the best calibration method usually comprises the following steps 1 Prior to use in the field place the sensor in clean water and perform a point calibration at 0 ug L 2 Immerse the sonde in a dye standard see below and record the reading Note that you are not calibrating to the dye reading only checking its value relative to the default sensitivity of the sensor 3 While making your field readings sampling or unattended studies collect a few grab samples and record the date time and location where they were acquired 4 Onreturn to the laboratory perform extractive analyses for chlorophyll on the grab samples and record the results for later use 5 After the study is complete place your YSI chlorophyll data in the column of a spreadsheet and place your laboratory data in an adjacent column for comparison Calculate ratios of field to laboratory results for each grab sample point and then average the results to produce a ratio for adjustment or postcalibration of
468. the desired Report output Calibrating the sensors Changing the sample interval for Discrete Sample studies Performing file management functions on the memory in the sonde Checking the Status or System setup of the sonde Setting up sondes for Unattended sample deployments Setting up sondes for Discrete sample logging studies to sonde memory Uploading files from the sonde memory to the 650 Earlier YSI display loggers such as the 610 D and 610 DM had many of these functions as distinct items in the display menu structure a significant difference from the 650 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 22 650 MDS Section 3 3 4 2 SONDE MENU EXAMPLES To become familiar with the 650 Sonde menu function YSI recommends that the user connect a sonde to their 650 and proceed through the following two examples of common sonde interface operations Example 1 Setting up the Report Output Activation of the Salinity Parameter Highlight the Sonde menu selection in the 650 Main menu and press Enter Then use the arrow keys highlight the Report selection and press Enter again 650 Main Menu Sonde run Run Calibrate File File Logging setup Status System setup System Sensor Advanced N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 3mm e 06 04 2000 12 57 53 Pm N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 6mmhg 06 01 2000 17 06 37 Amm oF Use the arrow keys to highlight the Salinity selection and t
469. the instructions above with regard to entering the 650 Run display either directly from the 650 Sonde run menu or indirectly from the 650 Sonde menu selection to control your sample interval The following examples show the setup and implementation of logging to sonde memory using the 650 as the interface device 3 5 2 2 EXAMPLE 1 SIMPLE SINGLE POINT LOGGING TO SONDE MEMORY A user with a 600XL 650 system wants to store data electronically from a single site rather than writing down the information manually in the field To log this data point to the sonde memory the user highlights the Sonde run selection in the 650 Main menu and presses Enter to begin data display Run E Sample logged Tog one eble MIRINS ee a e on ne sample Log one sample og one sample Feart logging Start Tog in Start logging Start logging 94 2007 650 Main Menu Sonde menu File Logging setup System setup 55 3 7 01 PH 0 002 rsx Sal 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 mii 900 E 0 0 000 740 0mmig 06702 2000 07 58 19 a 06702 2000 08 10 16 Amm 000 E 0 0 000 739 emmAg Gy 00702 2000 08 00 15 Qmm g YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 29 650 MDS Section 3 The user places the sonde in the water and watches the readings on the 650 display until they are stable When stable the Log one sample selection in the Sonde logging window upper right is highligh
470. the isopotential point should be determined empirically To do so the user employs a third calibration point where the voltage of the lower concentration standard is determined at a temperature at least 10 C different from the first two calibration points The slope offset and isopotential point drift slowly and you should recalibrate the probe periodically All ion selective electrodes are subject to the interaction of species with the sensor membrane which are similar in nature to the analyte For example chloride ion binds in this way to the nitrate membrane and produces positive nitrate readings even when no nitrate is present in the medium Fortunately most fresh water does not usually contain significant quantities of ions that produce a large interference on the nitrate reading such as azide perchlorate and nitrite It usually does contain some chloride and carbonate ions but the interference from these ions is relatively small For example if the all of the ionic content of water with a conductivity of 1 2 mS cm Sal 0 6 were due to the presence of sodium chloride the nitrate reading would be erroneously high by about 1 6 mg L If the conductivity in this sample were all due to sodium bicarbonate the sensor output would indicate the presence of only 0 2 mg L of non existent nitrate from the interference YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 9 Principles of Operation Section 5 Even though the interference
471. the mass of dissolved salts in a given mass of water parts per thousand was reported Hence the designation ppt is reported by the instrument to provide a more conventional output 5 3 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS TDS The electrical conductivity of environmental water is due to the presence of dissolved ionic species Thus the magnitude of the conductivity or specific conductance value can be used as a rough estimate of amount in g L of these ionic compounds which are present The 6 series software provides a conversion from specific conductance to total dissolved solids TDS by the use of a simple multiplier However this multiplier is highly dependent on the nature of the ionic species present To be assured of even moderate accuracy for the conversion the user must determine this multiplier for the water at the site of interest Use the following protocol to determine the conversion factor 1 Determine the specific conductance of a water sample from the site Filter a portion of water from the site 3 Completely evaporate the water from a carefully measured volume of the filtered sample to yield a dry solid 4 Accurately weigh the remaining solid 5 Divide the weight of the solid in grams by the volume of water used in liters to yield the TDS value in g L for this site Divide the TDS value in g L by the specific conductance of the water in mS cm to yield the conversion multiplier Be certain to use the correct units
472. the memory These files are in fact designated deleted as will be described in Section 3 6 5 below For example if a file named TEST is uploaded initially with a memory allocation of 50 kB and then is uploaded at a later time and overwritten with a memory allocation of 100 kB the total memory occupied is 150 KB even though only one file with the designation TEST and a file size of 100 kB is shown in the file directory For this reason when dealing with large files the user may wish to transfer files to a PC immediately after upload and then erase the entire flash in order to assure that maximum memory is present for subsequent uploads The storing of data directly from sondes to the 650 memory the uploading of data stored in 6 series sondes to the 650 and the management of these data files are described in detail in Sections 3 5 3 6 and 3 7 of this manual 3 2 3 650 CONFIGURATIONS There are a number of ways that you can configure the YSI 650 Below is a list of possible configurations and corresponding diagrams 650 interfaced to a 6 Series sonde 650 interfaced to a 6 Series Sonde and a user supplied GPS unit 650 interfaced to a PC for data transfer or software upgrade using the PC interface cable 650 with rechargeable battery pack being charged Figure 1 650 interfaced to a 6 series sonde You will need e 650 e 6 series sonde with integral cable or YSI field cahle Zan Integral
473. the parameter list between the two logging studies and must be removed if the original file is to be appended with further data filename 1TEF Parameter mismatch Temp Temp C SpCond uS cm SpCond us cem Sal ppt DOsat DOsat pH N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 08 20 2001 17 42 48 E So YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 35 650 MDS Section 3 3 5 3 3 LOGGING TO 650 MEMORY WITH A SITE LIST In the example above you learned how to log data to 650 memory that had file and site designations input to the logger at the time that the data was logged in the field It is also possible and in most cases more convenient to place file and site designations into the 650 memory in the office or laboratory before moving to field for logging studies This is particularly true if you are aware of the sites at which you will be determining water quality data and or which you will be visiting on a regular basis The following section describes how to set up site lists which contain entries designated Site Designations that will be instantly available to the user in the field to facilitate the logging of data in the field with pre established naming of files and sites There are two kinds of Site Designations available for use in Site lists Site Designations associated with applications where data from a single site is always logged to a single file This type is referred to as a Single S
474. the table in the previous subsection should insure that the vent hole is covered YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 33 Sondes Section 2 Allow at least one minute for temperature equilibration before proceeding From the Calibrate menu select Conductivity to access the Conductivity calibration procedure and then 1 SpCond to access the specific conductance calibration procedure Enter the calibration value of the standard you are using mS cm at 25 C and press Enter The current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and will change with time as they stabilize Observe the readings under Specific Conductance or Conductivity and when they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter The screen will indicate that the calibration has been accepted and prompt you to press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Rinse the sonde in tap or purified water and dry the sonde NOTE The YSI conductivity system is very linear over its entire 0 100 mS cm range Therefore it is usually not necessary to use calibration solutions other than the 10 mS cm reagent recommended above for all environmental applications from low conductivity freshwater to seawater YSI does offer the 3161 1 mS cm and 3165 100 mS cm conductivity standards for users who want to assure maximum accuracy at the high and low ends of the sensor range Users of the 1 mS cm standard should be particularly careful t
475. this manual for more information about chlorophyll standards Select the 2 point option to calibrate the chlorophyll probe using only two calibration standards In this case one of the standards must be clear water 0 ug L and the other should be in the range of a known chlorophyll content of the water to be monitored For example if the water to be evaluated is known to be low in chlorophyll an appropriate choice of standards might be 0 and 10 ug L However for general purpose measurements an appropriate choice of standards is usually approximately 100 ug L To begin the calibration immerse the sonde in the 0 ug L standard as instructed and press Enter It is mandatory that the Oug L standard be calibrated first The screen will display real time readings that will allow you to determine when the readings have stabilized Pressing Enter will confirm the first calibration Following the instructions on the screen place the sonde in the second chlorophyll standard input the correct value in ug L press Enter and view the stabilization of the values on the screen in real time After the readings have stabilized press Enter to confirm the calibration Then as instructed press any key to return to the Calibrate menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 72 Sondes Section 2 Select the 3 point option for maximum accuracy over the entire range of 0 to 400 ug L As with the 2 point procedure one of the standards must be 0
476. ting a 6136 turbidity sensor you MUST use either a modified calibration cup arrangement or laboratory glassware with the probe guard installed for the calibration See section 2 6 1 above for details Failure to carry out the calibration properly can result in inaccurate readings particularly in water of very low turbidity Thoroughly rinse and dry the calibration cups for future use For additional information related to calibrating the turbidity sensor see Appendix E Turbidity Measurements CHLOROPHYLL 1 POINT YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 38 Sondes Section 2 Select Optic C Chlorophyll from the Calibrate Menu Chl pg L and then 1 1 point NOTE This procedure will zero your fluorescence sensor and use the default sensitivity for calculation of chlorophyll concentration in pg L allowing quick and easy fluorescence measurements that are only semi quantitative with regard to chlorophyll However the readings will reflect changes in chlorophyll from site to site or over time at a single site To increase the accuracy of your chlorophyll measurements follow the 2 point or 3 point calibration protocols outlined in Section 2 9 Sonde Menu Before making any field readings carefully read Sections 5 12 Chlorophyll and Appendix I Chlorophyll about chlorophyll that describe practical aspects of fluorescence measurements To begin the calibration place the correct amount of clear deionized or distilled water
477. tion by the British and EU standard REQUIRES that the local barometric pressure be read for every DO data point taken after calibration Under this convention a sensor should ALWAYS read 100 saturation when in water saturated air or air saturated water Since the software of most instruments does not know the barometer at any time after calibration neither of the conventions described above complies with the British standard CALIBRATING USING THE MG L MODE When the user performs a mg L calibration no barometer input will be required Instead values of DOsat Local reported after the calibration will be based on the barometer reading input by the user at the time of the last DO calibration If the user requires the best possible accuracy for DOsat Local values after calibration then a DO calibration with correct barometer input should be performed immediately before the DO mg L calibration If a DO calibration has never been carried out then the software will assume that the barometer at the last calibration was exactly 760 mm Hg When the user performs a mg L calibration values of DOsat will be calculated as they are in the current software i e the input mg L value will be divided by the theoretical mg L value at 1 atmosphere found in the Std Methods Table to yield the reported DOsat value For example if a value of 7 mg L is entered at a temperature value of 21 C wher
478. tion window will popup and prompt you for a set of correlation points For more information see Calibrate TSS Add Remove Parameters DateTime Hemove gt own Units Select the units for any parameter It will take you to the Change Parameter Units dialog box You may choose the units for each of the selected parameters Many parameters have only one possible choice of units DO concentration for example can only be expressed in mg L pH has no units at all YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 34 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 Change Parameter Units Parameters Unit Attributes This command takes you to the Change Parameter Attributes dialog box where you have access to two powerful features You can choose to display an average of your data or graph the data with some parameter other than time for the x axis The most common use for this latter feature is to graph temperature and DO versus depth Other combinations are possible You may choose to average the data before it is graphed An interval of 0 will cause there to be no averaging at all The larger the averaging interval the more points will be used in each average For example if you acquired data every 15 minutes and you set the average interval to 60 minutes each set of four points will be averaged and then plotted as a single point This feature will not only smooth a graph but will also reduce the amount of data exported t
479. tively independent of the barometer or altitude Ifthe water at both sites is assumed to have a temperature of 20 C where water exposed to water saturated air at exactly 760 mm Hg is 9 09 mg L then the mg L value would be 7 54 mg L 0 892 9 09 in the mountains and 9 09 mg L 1 00 9 09 at sea level Thus to calculate mg L values at any site after calibration using this convention the observed DOsat value is simply multiplied by the Standard Methods or ISO table values that correspond to 100 at various temperatures and salinities THE DOSAT LOCAL CONVENTION In the second convention used for many years by other multiparameter instrument companies and by many European handheld instrument manufacturers the saturation value is always set to exactly 100 at the time of calibration regardless of the barometer value that was input The software of the instrument remembers the barometric pressure input at the time of calibration for use in later calculation of the DO concentration in mg L Effectively this convention provides a value of water oxygenation that can be carried out by air exposure with the value referenced to the local air pressure The 100 value at calibration for this convention basically reflects the fact that this is the most oxygen that can be dissolved in water for this location at the time of calibration In late 2001 Version 2 13 of 6 series code this dissolved oxygen convention was added to
480. to the header of new files N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 74L3mmig O 02 25 2000 18 19 47 g _ Edit site list Site list Filename Site name WEST BLUE LAKE EAST BLUE LAKE a or y to move a site a to insert a site to delete a site Tip Leave blank to use the same filename as the previous site N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 07 11 2001 15 00 42 Eiei 9 You have now established a site list that will be available in the field for logging of data to two files on BLUE LAKE EAST and WEST To use this list you need to first make certain that the entry Use site list is active in the 650 logging setup Then travel to the first location identified by the Filename WEST activate the 650 Run display and then select either a continuous data stream Start logging or a single data entry Log single point from the 650 logging window 650 Main Menu Sonde menu File Logging setup System setup N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 9mmAg 06 09 2000 09 09 05 BC mm IEE YSI Incorporated Run S onde Log one sample Start logging ean optics 06 09 00moy 5 24s 08 13 51 6 95pH 22 22 133 done Sen NTU 0 00sa O T ANA N 0 0 000 E 0 0 000 740 7mmig 06 09 2000 09 10 36 5 Log one sample Start logging CCH Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 3 38 650 MDS Section 3 Then press Enter When the logging prompt is activated
481. ts Q 3823 pH 10 Buffer box of 6 pints ORP REAGENTS Q 3682 Zobell Solution 125 ml AMMONIUM REAGENTS Q 3841 1 mg L ammonium nitrogen standard solution Q 3842 10 mg L ammonium nitrogen standard solution Q 3843 100 mg L ammonium nitrogen standard solution NITRATE REAGENTS Q 3885 1 mg L nitrate nitrogen standard solution Q 3886 10 mg L nitrate nitrogen standard solution Q 3887 100 mg L nitrate nitrogen standard solution TURBIDITY REAGENTS Q 3845 0 NTU standard Q 6073 100 NTU standard suspension DISPLAYS LOGGERS AND ACCESSORIES 650 01 Low memory with no barometer 650 02 High memory with no barometer 650 03 Low memory with barometer 650 04 High memory with barometer 6112 PC Interface Cable PC to 650 MDS 6113 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6114 110 volt wall charger and 6117 battery pack included 6126 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6123 universal charger European power cable British power cable and 6117 battery pack included 6127 Rechargeable Battery Pack Kit with 6116 charger adapter cable 6123 universal charger China Australia power cord and 6117 battery pack included 4654 Tripod 614 Ultra Clamp 5085 Hands Free Harness 5065 Form fitting Case 5081 Hard sided Case 6117 Extra Rechargeable Battery Pack 6115 GPS Cable for interface with user supplied GPS unit 616 Cigarette Lighter Charger 0 OUOOUODU OUOWUWOU
482. tteries or the batteries in the YSI 650 MDS display logger Like the YSI 6026 and 6136 turbidity probes the YSI 6025 chlorophyll probe is equipped with a mechanical wiper to periodically clean the optical face either by manual or automatic activation With these features the YSI chlorophyll sensor provides the same level of performance as the sonde fluorometers but is much easier to use and can be deployed in environmental water for several weeks without the need for service In addition the probe will be a component in sondes that can acquire up to ten other parameters simultaneously with chlorophyll rather just providing the single parameter CALIBRATION METHODS GENERAL As described in Section 2 of this manual the sonde software offers the option of either zeroing the generic fluorescence parameter FS or of performing 1 point 2 point or 3 point calibration procedures in pg L of chlorophyll For most applications a 2 point calibration at 0 and middle range e g ca 100 pg L is sufficient Slight non linearities of the system can be overcome with a 3 point calibration across the normally encountered environmental chlorophyll range 0 400 pg L If the range of chlorophyll content in the environmental sample is well known standards of any chlorophyll values can be utilized in either 3 point or 2 point routines However one of the standards must be 0 ug L and this standard must be first in the calibration sequence For calibration of
483. ttons on right side of the toolbar help you get a closer view of that portion of the graph you desire Zoom Window Use this to select a certain portion of the graph to be displayed Click the button and then click and drag on the graph to select the portion you want to view The pointer will change to a magnifying glass The button will stay active until you click on it again Center Scroll Use this to scroll through the study Click the button and the pointer will change to a bullseye Click anywhere on the graph and that spot will move to the center Limit Data Set Use this button to reduce the data being processed and speed up operations Click the button and move the pointer to the graph A vertical arrow will appear with an N on the left and an Y on the right Bracket the desired portion of the graph by moving the cursor to the left limit clicking moving to the right limit and clicking again To limit the data in a table move the pointer to the far left of the table into the row numbers area and highlight from the desired cutoff point to the beginning or end of the data set whichever is desired Then select the Limit Data Set option from the Graph menu or use the toolbar shortcut To remove the limits from the Graph menu choose Cancel Limits You may also remove the limits using this button by clicking first on the right and then the left YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 9 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 U
484. turbidity concentrations for your application rather than generating the reagent from the chemical reaction described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater Whatever your source of formazin be very safety conscious if you use it and be sure to follow the manufacturer s instructions with regard to its handling and disposal Remember that is imperative that you do NOT use standards that are based on suspended materials other than formazin or AMCO AEPA polymer or have been prepared by vendors other than YSI YSI approved suppliers or Hach These standards will NOT read correctly when measured with the YSI turbidity systems If you have any doubts about the composition of your standards consult your supplier and be certain that they are based on either formazin or AMCO AEPA materials and were prepared by the proper method Do I have to buy turbidity free water for the 0 NTU calibration For most applications purified water of any kind distilled deionized or filtered will be acceptable for the 0 NTU standard This water can be obtained from a laboratory or can be purchased at a local supermarket It is not recommend that you use tap water as the 0 NTU standard For maximum accuracy at very low NTU values below the specification of the instrument you may want to purchase turbidity free water from YSI or another vendor Should I carry out a 1 point 2 point or 3 point turbidity calibration and what values should I use
485. urchased as purified chlorophyll a from chemical supply vendors such as Sigma These standards are not soluble in aqueous media and even if they were their fluorescence is unlikely to be the same as when the chlorophyll is present in the whole living cell Therefore for even a semiquantitative calibration the user needs a substitute standard such as Acridine Orange see above to provide a method for estimating the sensitivity of the sensor Field readings based on this type of calibration will provide only an estimate of chlorophyll YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 24 Principles of Operation Section 5 in environmental water where the measurement is taken on whole cell suspensions in vivo The calibration standard that provides the best measure of accuracy for in vivo chlorophyll sensors is a portion of a phytoplankton suspension that has been analyzed for chlorophyll by the extractive procedure We recommend the use of this procedure and further recommend that the phytoplankton suspension be taken from the site being monitored so that the species producing the fluorescence in the standard are as close as possible to the field organisms To truly assess data reliability in a long term monitoring study grab samples should be taken periodically e g weekly and analyzed in the laboratory as the study progresses These data can then be used to postcalibrate the readings logged to the instrument during the
486. urn to the Unattended setup menu Stop logging 1 Yes 2 No Select option 0 for previous menu YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 44 Sondes Section 2 2 8 USING ECOWATCH TO CAPTURE UPLOAD AND ANALYZE DATA CAPTURE EcoWatch for Windows can be used to capture data in real time to your PC s hard drive or to a floppy disk To utilize this function interface the sonde to your PC via a COM port run EcoWatch for Windows and follow the step by step instructions below 1 Click on the sonde icon NI choose the proper Com port and confirm 2 From the Main sonde menu press 1 Run and then 1 Discrete Sample 3 Make sure that the sample interval is set to the correct value If it is not change it to the correct value 4 Close the terminal window by clicking on the X in the upper right hand corner Do not close EcoWatch for Windows 5 Open the Real Time menu click on New and select the location where you want to data transferred Name the file making sure that the name has extension RT The default location for the file is in the Data subdirectory of the ECOWWIN directory 6 Click OK After EcoWatch sets up the sonde for the study data transfer will begin at the sample rate you selected The data will be automatically plotted with autoscaling and saved as a DAT file at your chosen selection 7 To terminate the study open the Real Time menu choose Close and click OK UPLOAD DATA EcoWatch f
487. use to obtain the best possible field chlorophyll readings As described in Section 4 Principles of Operation some processing of raw chlorophyll data is usually beneficial in terms of outputting values that reflect the average chlorophyll at the site Filter options designed to optimize this data processing are located in the sonde menu structure under both the 3 Sensor and the 4 Data Filter selections in the Advanced submenu For most applications involving both spot sampling and monitoring the following settings are recommended with regard to data processing 1 In 3 Sensor Disable the Chl Spike Filter if present In 4 Data Filter Enable the filter In 4 Data Filter Disable the Wait for Filter selection In 4 Data Filter for chlorophyll set the Time Constant to 12 C oO O In 4 Data Filter for chlorophyll set the Threshold to 1 These default settings will normally produce data that is reflective of the average chlorophyll without significantly slowing the response time of the sensor for either sampling or monitoring applications Increasing the values of the time constant threshold or both can further smooth the chlorophyll values Variation in the default settings should be based on empirical data taken at your particular site Question 11 How often should I calibrate my YSI 6025 sensor You should always perform a zero point calibration in deionized water before each use of the YSI 6025
488. utomatically taken into account by the sonde software providing temperature compensated readings RHODAMINE WT STANDARD SOLUTION PREPARATION AND USE CAUTION Before using concentrated rhodamine WT solution to prepare standards be certain to read the safety instructions provided by the supplier with this chemical Remember that only trained personnel should handle chemicals YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 27 Principles of Operation Section 5 PREPARATION Use the following procedure to prepare a 100 ug L solution that can be used to calibrate your rhodamine WT sensor for field use 1 Werecommend that rhodamine WT concentrate be purchased from Keystone Aniline Corporation 2501 W Fulton Street Chicago IL 60612 Telephone 312 666 2015 under the name KEYACID RHODAMINE WT LIQUID Part 70301027 As purchased the solution is approximately 20 rhodamine WT by weight i e 200 g L 2 Accurately weigh 0 500 g of the 20 rhodamine concentrate quantitatively transfer the viscous liquid to a 1000 mL volumetric flask and fill the flask to the top graduation This solution contains 100 mg of thodamine WT per 1000 mL of water 3 Accurately transfer 1 0 mL of the solution prepared in the above step to a 1000 mL volumetric and then fill the flask to the top graduation with purified water Mix well to obtain a solution that is 100 ug L 0 10 mg L in water a 1000 1 dilution of the concentrated solution 4
489. verify and or correct the time and date enter 4 Status or 5 System menu from the Main menu You may enter the correct date and time from either of these submenus Q Select 1 Interval and enter the desired time between samples e g 15 minutes in the screen above Use the 24 hour clock format to enter interval Q Select 2 Start Date and 3 Start Time to set the time that data will begin to log to sonde memory If you do not make any change to these entries then the study will automatically begin at the next integral time interval once you have pressed C Start logging Example If the current time is 17 20 00 and your sample interval is 15 minutes logging will automatically begin at 17 30 00 It is better to start the study prior to taking the unit to the field so that you can confirm that readings are being saved to memory If you should desire to start the instrument at the site at 6 00 PM as noted in the above example change the Start Time to 18 00 00 Q Select 4 Duration and set the length of the study in days The default value is 365 days which is longer than most deployments In most cases you will either want to stop the unattended study manually or allow the batteries to be expended It is wise to set the duration to a value longer than the anticipated deployment If you cannot retrieve the sonde at the expected time due to factors beyond your control such as weather or illness data will continue to be acquired as long as battery power
490. vironmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 74 Sondes Section 2 CALIBRATION RECORD THE GLP FILE When any sensor is calibrated most 6 series sondes will automatically create a file in sonde memory that provides details of the calibration coefficients before and after the calibration The file will have a glp extension and will have the Circuit Board Serial as the default filename The file can be viewed by following the path File Directory File Details View from the Main sonde menu 1 Directory 4 View file 2 Upload 5 Quick view file 3 Quick Upload 6 Delete all files Select option 0 for previous menu 1 Filename Samples 1 BRIDGE1 dat 19 2 BRIDGE2 dat 27 3 UPLAKE dat 3 4 CLRLAKE2 dat 167 5 DWNLAKE2 dat 31 6 00003001 glp 39 1 View file 2 File 00003001 glp 3 Samples 319 4 Bytes 790 Pressing 1 View file will show the calibration record for the sonde An example is shown below YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 75 Sondes Section 2 m d y hh mm ss S N Type Value 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Conductivity gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 DO gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 DO local gain 1 000000 08 23 2001 17 g 00003001 pH gain pH 7 K mV 5 05833 08 23 2001 17 00003001 pH offset pH 7 K 0 000000 08 23 2001 17 8 00003001 ORP offset mV 0 000000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 TDS constant 0 650000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Turb Offset 0 000000 08 23 2001 17 00003001 Turb
491. w from the resulting table linearly interpolating between points when necessary This feature can be used with non standard primary measuring devices for which there is a table rather than an equation This data is often available for rivers and streams so that flow can be calculated from the level in a river at the proper location See Appendix F Flow for additional practical information on the calculation of flow with a sonde YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 30 Troubleshooting Section 6 SECTION 6 TROUBLESHOOTING This section contains troubleshooting tables that will be helpful to identify the causes of the most common difficulties that may occur while operating the YSI 6 Series Sondes The Symptom column describes the type of difficulty that you might experience The Possible cause column describes the conditions that might cause the stated symptom The Action column provides simple steps that can be followed to correct for the possible cause and cure the symptom being experienced The column entitled Ref is the number of the reference section and subsection in the manual where you may find additional information Troubleshooting problems have been categorized into four general areas e Calibration Error Messages e Sonde Communication e Sensor Performance If you need assistance that this Troubleshooting section can not provide please contact YSI or your authorized dealer See Appendix C Accessories and Ca
492. want to restart the file with a different name press 5 Close file and rename the file YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 40 Sondes Section 2 Select 4 Site to assign a site name with a maximum of 31 characters This allows you to enter the name of the site where you are sampling When you select 5 Open File a file is opened and the number 5 changes to Close File When you are finished logging data to the file press 5 Close File and number 5 changes back to Open File Now select 1 Start sampling to start discrete sampling After the initial sampling time interval has passed e g 4 seconds in the example above sequential lines of data will appear on the screen Sal DOsat Depth PH NH4 N NO3 N Turbid mg L mg L xx 1 LOG last sample ON OFF 3 Clean optics 2 5 DA 0 00 O65 8 20 OOL 5 20 05S 0 522 LOG is ON hit 2 to turn it OFF 3 Clean optics Zs 3 5S 000 Gee S 8 20 OOL S20 O 356 0 520 23 5 33 G00 O65 8 20 L000 5 240 O 854 OSAI 28 3 5S 0 00 85 5 8 20 L000 8 19 MBSA 0 522 1 LOG last sample 2 LOG ON OFF 3 Clean optics 28 5S 000 06 5 8 20 O00 Srle MBSA 052A Sample logged The following prompt will appear just below the screen header 1 LOG last sample 2 LOG ON OFF 3 Clean optics By entering 1 LOG last sample a single line of data can be logged to sonde memory and the following message will be displayed Sample logged By entering 2 LOG ON OFF a set of data can b
493. way that is independent of the program that generated the image For example you can generate a graph in EcoWatch export it as a WMF file and then import it into another Windows program CDF stands for Comma Delimited sometimes referred to as a Comma and Quote Delimited File This format is commonly used by spreadsheet and database programs In this type of file commas separate individual data entries quotation marks surround any text and no formatting or marking is performed on numbers EcoWatch can also open files in CDF formats YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 4 16 EcoWatch for Windows Section 4 When the exported file is to be imported into a spreadsheet it is sometimes convenient to reduce the number of data Averaging them can easily do this See Change Parameter Attributes for more information Shortcuts Toolbar REPORT Use this command to send data or statistics to an ASCII text file The information is easy to read in this format When choosing this command the following dialog box will appear COWWIN DATA SAMPLE RPT oi gt You must enter a filename under File use the Browse button if needed If you want to simply have a report Type listing the data then click Data If you want Statistics minimum maximum average and standard deviation then the statistics frequency button applies gt Ifyou want to have Daily statistics keep in mind that every day actually starts
494. wire electrode in a custom filling solution Nonactin membrane separates the internal solution from the sample medium and this membrane selectively interacts with ammonium ions When the probe is immersed in water a potential is established across the membrane that depends on the relative amounts of ammonium in the sample and the internal filling solution This potential is read relative to the reference electrode of the sonde pH probe As for all ISEs there is a linear relationship between the logarithm of the ammonium activity or concentration in dilute solution and the observed voltage The Nernst equation describes this relationship Under ideal conditions the Nernst equation predicts a response of 59 mV for every 10 fold rise in ammonium activity at 25 C In practice however empirical calibration of the electrode is necessary to establish an accurate slope of the response Typical empirical slopes are 53 58 mV per decade for YSI sensors This slope value is determined by calibration with two solutions of known ammonium concentration typically 1 mg L and 100 mg L NH N The slope of the plot of log ammonium vs voltage is also a function of temperature The slope changes by a factor that is the ratio of the absolute temperature of calibration to absolute temperature of measurement The point where this new plot of log ammonium vs voltage intersects the calibration plot is called the isopotential point that is the ammonium concentrati
495. ws the various components of the Status Bar of your 650 Each item identified in the drawing is explained in detail below 650 Main Menu Sonde run Main Display Sonde menu File Status Bar Logging setup System setup Barometer Reading GPS Reading Battery Capacity Status 0 000 E 0 0 000 06 01 2000 17 06 37 Date and Time ed 2 10 1 Date and Time This is the date and time for the clock in the 650 set by the user from the System setup menu as described above The date and time entries are updated in real time in the Status Bar Menu Indicator 2 10 2 GPS Reading This value will be present only if a user supplied GPS unit with NMEA 0183 format is connected to the 650 by the optional YSI 6115 cable The setup of a GPS interface is described in more detail in Section 3 8 below Once properly connected to a GPS instrument the values displayed in the Status Bar are updated in real time as the system is moved from location to location 2 10 3 Barometer Reading This value is the current local barometer reading in units selected by the user in the System setup menu The value is can be used simply as a meteorological parameter or can be used in calibration of sonde dissolved oxygen sensors The barometer reading is NOT corrected to sea level and is updated in real time 2 10 4 Battery Capacity Status The graphic indicator shows the portion of the battery capacity that is remaining either for the 4 C cell configuration or for the
496. x 25 4 mm Hg Note Laboratory barometer readings are usually true uncorrected values of air pressure and can be used as is for oxygen calibration Weather service readings are usually not true i e they are corrected to sea level and therefore cannot be used until they are uncorrected An approximate formula for this uncorrection where the BP readings MUST be in mm Hg is True BP Corrected BP 2 5 Local Altitude 100 YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 34 Sondes Section 2 Press Enter and the current values of all enabled sensors will appear on the screen and change with time as they stabilize Observe the readings under DO When they show no significant change for approximately 30 seconds press Enter The screen will indicate that the calibration has been accepted and prompt you to press Enter again to return to the Calibrate menu Rinse the sonde in water and dry the sonde Monitoring Applications If your instrument will be used in monitoring applications where data is being captured at a longer interval e g 15 60 minutes to internal sonde memory a data collection platform or a computer you need to activate Autosleep RS232 as described in Section 2 5 Sonde Software Setup Then follow the instructions detailed above for the Sampling Application calibration With Autosleep active the calibration will occur automatically with a display similar to that
497. xygen sensors However the software that controls the calibration protocol is somewhat different depending on whether the unit will be used in sampling or deployment studies For sampling studies using either a 650 MDS display unit or a laptop computer the Rapid Pulse system is allowed to run continuously when the Calibration mode is activated if Autosleep is turned off Under these software conditions the user views the DO readings in real time and confirms the calibration manually after the readings have stabilized For studies in which the sonde is deployed and readings are saved less frequently 5 60 minutes to sonde memory a computer or data collection platform an appropriate warm up time is selected for the system during Sensor setup Usually 40 seconds is adequate for this parameter but in some cases larger values may result in more accurate results Most importantly for deployment studies Autosleep should be activated With these software entries in place the user will input the calibration value concentration or barometric pressure and the unit will automatically calibrate after the selected warm up time The description below is designed around deployment applications with Autosleep activated The two general calibration methods possible with the sonde are DO mg L and DO The former method is designed for calibration in solution while the latter utilizes water saturated air as the medium Since th
498. y form can also be used to paint the probe guard Two preferred brands of clear anti fouling paint are Interlux s Micron 33 and Tempo s model 6993 6600EDS BULKHEAD The bulkhead area of the sonde will also benefit from two thin coats of paint Apply the paint to the areas around the probe ports covering all surfaces Do not allow any paint to get on the threads of the bulkhead or into the probe ports Refer to Figure 3 for an example of a properly painted bulkhead Figure 3 6600EDS Bulkhead Painted with Anti fouling Paint 6562 DO PROBE Paint the 6562 DO probe above the stainless steel nut to a point approximately 1 8 inch below the o ring that secures the membrane Do not allow the paint to get on the stainless steel nut or on the shaft that retains the nut on the probe body The application of two thin coats of paint is recommended Refer to Figure 4 for an example of a properly painted 6562 DO probe Figure 4 6562 DO Probe Painted with Anti fouling Paint YSI Incorporated 4of9 6 Series Manual Supplement Configuration and Deployment Instructions for YSI Model 6600EDS Sondes 6566 PH PROBE The 6566 pH probe should be painted in a manner similar to that of the 6562 DO probe Apply the paint above the stainless steel nut keeping the edge of the painted area approximately 1 8 inch below the bulb end of the probe Do not allow the paint to get on the stainless steel nut or on the shaft that retains the nut on the probe body
499. y in the 100 uS cm range 0 1 us cm Dissolved Oxygen 0 2 percent air saturation pH ORP Ammonium Nitrate and Chloride 0 6 mV A value of 0 01 for the threshold roughly corresponds to a L ONTU change in turbidity A value of 1 0 for the chlorophyll and rhodamine WT sensors threshold effectively means that the filter will be engaged under all conditions YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 94 Sondes Section 2 2 10 CARE MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE This section describes the proper procedure for storage of the sensors that will maximize their lifetime and minimize the time required to get the sonde ready for a new application This section will describe interim or short term storage between applications where the sonde is being used at a regular interval daily weekly biweekly etc and long term storage e g over the winter where the sonde will not be used on a regular basis for several months In the descriptions and instructions below it is assumed that the user has retained the vessels bottles boots etc in which the individual sensors were stored on initial delivery If these specific items have been misplaced or lost they can be replaced by contacting YSI Customer Service Alternatively the user may have similar and equally acceptable storage equipment on hand even though it was not part of the original YSI package Common sense should be the guide on substitution of storage vessels REMEMBER DO N
500. your field results into accurate chlorophyll readings relative to extractive analysis 6 Use the calculating power of the spreadsheet to multiply all of your field readings by the correction ratio to obtain the best possible accuracy for your 6025 data OA variation of this method is to perform a 2 point calibration prior to deployment using a clear water and a dye standard setting apparent chlorophyll equivalent of the dye standard to the value shown in the tables below However it must be emphasized that this technique does not increase the accuracy of the chlorophyll sensor significantly over the simple 1 point calibration recommended above the user still must collect grab sample and perform laboratory analysis to be assured of meaningful chlorophyll values The primary utility of the dye is to check for sensor drift during deployment by reanalyzing the dye solution after sonde recovery The use of the 2 point dye calibration procedure may make it easier to quantify the predeployment dye value and if so may be preferable Remember however that no real enhancement of sensor accuracy is attained by using the dye as a calibrant YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 5 19 Principles of Operation Section 5 PREPARATION OF DYE SOLUTIONS FOR CHECKING SENSOR DRIFT ACRIDINE ORANGE STANDARD SOLUTION CAUTION Acridine Orange is listed as a possible mutagen and suitable protective clothing should be worn durin
501. ze the lifetime of your sensors This knowledge has come from our own extensive in house testing programs as well as from feedback from a large number of customers and sales representatives Proper storage of the your Sonde between periods of usage will not only extend the life of the sensors but will also ensure that the unit will be ready to use as quickly as possible in your next application YSI Incorporated Environmental Monitoring Systems Manual 2 100 Sondes Section 2 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SHORT TERM STORAGE The recommended short term or interim storage procedure is simple and identical for all sondes YSI 600R 600QS 600XL 600XLM 6820 6920 6600 and 600 OMS No matter what sensors are installed in the instrument it is important to keep them moist without actually immersing them in liquid which could cause some of them to drift or result in a shorter lifetime For example the reference junction of a pH sensor must be kept moist to minimize its response time during usage but continued immersion in pure water may compromise the function of the glass sensor and or result in long term leaching of the reference junction YSI recommends that short term storage of all multi parameter instruments be done by placing approximately 0 5 inch of water in the calibration and or storage cup that was supplied with the instrument and by placing the sonde with all of the probes in place into the cup The use of a moist sponge instead of

YSI 6890 - Colby College

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents