USER`S MANUAL FOR
Contents
1. T Y 4 91 0 zs 54 3 65 2 95 0 6 0 55 PIN 1 2 3 4 9 n SYM VDD VSS VEE RS R W PIN 6 8 9 10 SYM E DBO DBI DB2 DB3 PIN 11 12 13 14 ore SYM DB4 DB5 DB6 BES Block Diagram GM 31 312. RS VIL 1 2 tas AH e INIHI VIHIK ni PWEN AH Er Er E 27 VILI VILI VILI DDR X vI Valid data 4 3 Power Supply Diagram des EN E a ae ee piy U oVj Power Supply Conditions Using Internal Reset Circuit Item Condition Power supply Rise time Power supply Off time 4 5v Vdd 0 2 7 0 2v 02 Aw OFF Note If power supply voltage is below 4 5v the internal reset circuit will not operate normally So it is recommendable that user can initialize the module by software 8 31 LCD Module Manual 4 4 Application features of modules H This series of modules are suitable to be interfaced with 4 bit or 8 bit MPU The interfaces are controlled respectively by Enable Signal E Register Selection Signal RS and Read Write Controlling Signal R W Busy Flag BF is a status sign of internal operation of module Before MPU visits module it is recommendable that user should read the status sign of BF This series of modules offer 5X8 dots or 5X7 dots character font with cursor User may select the suitable model of module according to display requirements O This series of modules are equipped with Display Data RAM DDRAM Character Generator ROM CGROM and CGRAM Users can to store custom character pattern data of 8 5X8 dot character Max by using
3. Input terminal interfaced with MPU Selects read or write R W 1 Read R W 0 Write Input terminal interfaced with MPU The enable signal DBO DB7 Input output terminal interfaced with MPU transfers and receives data between the MPU and module DB4 DB7 Four high order bi directional tristate data bus pins DB7 can be used as a busy flag DBO DB3 Four low order bi directional tristate data bus pins These pins are not used during 4 bit operation 6 31 LCD Module Manual 4 2 Signal timing diagram VIHIK RS X VILI VILI ka EAS R W VILI VILI 2 oe VILI VILI gt VILI DSW _ u t E VIHI VII DBO DB7 X VILI Valid data ILLIS me 4 2 1 Write Operations Item Symbol Condition Enable cycle time teycE Enable pulse width high level PWEN Enable rise fall time ter tef Address set up time RS R W to E Address hold time tAH Data set up time Data hold time tH tas 4 2 2 Read Operation Item Symbol Condition Vdd 5V Enable Cycle Time dt Vss 0V Ta 25 C Enable pulse width high level PWEN Enable rise fall time ter ter Vdd 5V Address set up time RS R W to E tas 5 Address hold time tAH Vss 0V Data delay time tDDR Ta 25 C Data hold time tDHR 7 31 LCD Module Manual
4. The busy flag must be checked one instruction after the 4 bit data has been transferred twice Two more 4 bit operations then transfer the busy flag and address counter data As for the order of data transfer the four high order bits are transferred before the four low order bits For 8 bit interface data all eight bus lines DBO to DB7 are used o Character Generator ROM The character generator ROM generates 5X7 dot character pattern from 8 bit binary character codes one character corresponds to a character pattern Character patterns corresponds to 8X8 dot matrix bitmap data of the displayed characters The three high order bits of matrix rows are 0 corresponding to the rows of the displayed dot matrix Meanwhile a character pattern corresponds to a character code which consists of high 8 bit address data in CGROM For the single area display structure the range of character codes is 00H to FFH which correspond to custom character pattern set in CGRAM by user For double areas or multi area display structure E controls the operation of each area so that the generation of characters in each area is not interfering 12 31 LCD Module Manual with each other and the range of character codes in each display area is 001H to FFH Character Generator RAM In the character generator RAM the user can rewrite character patterns by programming For the single area display structure module 8 character patterns for 5X8 dots can be writ
5. 35 F G lt 0 35 2 2 2 Note 1 Up to 3 damages acceptable 2 Not allowed if there are two or more pinholes every 3 of fourths inch Size mm lt 0 7 Ignore note 0 7 lt lt 1 0 1 0 lt lt 1 5 1 5 lt 5 Spot like contrast irregularity 27 31 LCD Module Manual Note 1 Conformed to limit samples 2 Intervals of defects are more than 30mm 6 Bubbles in polarizer Acceptable Number Ignore note Size lt 0 4 0 4 lt lt 0 65 0 65 lt lt 1 2 1 2 lt 7 Scratches and dent on the polarizer Scratches and dent on the polarizer shall be in the accordance with 2 Black white spot and 3 Black White line 8 Stains on the surface of LCD panel Stains which cannot be removed even when wiped lightly with a soft cloth or similar cleaning 9 Rainbow color No rainbow color is allowed in the optimum contrast on state within the active area 10 Viewing area encroachment Polarizer edge or line is visible in the opening viewing area due to polarizer shortness or sealing line 11 Bezel appearance Rust and deep damages that are visible in the bezel are rejected 12 Defect of land surface contact Evident crevices that are visible are rejected 13 Parts mounting 1 2 3 Failure to mount parts Parts not in the specifications are mounted For example Polarity is reversed HSC or TCP falls off 14 Part alignment
6. CGRAM display positions of characters on LCD panels correspond to the storage addresses of character codes in DDRAM Select duty cycles by instructions set one line 5X8 dots with cursor 1 8 two lines 5X8 dots with cursor 1 16 Wide range of instruction functions Display clear cursor home display on off cursor on off display character blink cursor shift display shift By choosing the instruction users can get the display mode of various characters O In the module we provide Internal Reset Circuit When the power supply voltage is above 4 5 Internal Reset Circuit automatically initializes the module and sets it into the default working state Low power consumption of CMOS 4 5 Descriptions for hardware and software 4 5 1 The internal structure of a module A module consists of LCD panel controller segment driver s and bias generator circuit The 1602trncn 01 is a character dot matrix module of 5x7 dots with cursor line two lines 16x2 characters The suitable segment driver s is used together with controller It receives oscillation alternated signal data and shift latch clock to drive segment to display Controller receives instructions and data from MPU to control the operation of 9 31 LCD Module Manual module Under the control of controller MPU is interfaced with E R W and RS by 8 bit or 4 bit data bus line DBO to DB7 which are in the coordination in accordance with specifie
7. below double of initial value Humidity 40 C 90 RH 96hrs High Temperature 70 96hrs Low Temperature 30C 96hrs Thermal 25 C 30 C 25 C 70 C No cosmetic failure is allowable Contrast ratio should be between initial value 20 Total current consumption should be below double of initial value 5 min 30 min 5 min 30 min 5 cycle 55 60 RH 10 55 10hz amplitude 1 5mm shock No defects in cosmetic and operational function are allowable Vibration 2hrs for each direction X Y Z Total current consumption should be below double of initial value 7 Handling precautions 7 1 Mounting method A panel of LCD module consists of two thin glass plates with polarizers that easily get damaged And since the module in so constructed as to be fixed by utilizing fitting holes in the printed circuit board PCB Extreme care should be used when handling the LCD modules 7 2 Cautions of LCD handling and cleaning When cleaning the display surface use soft cloth with solvent recommended below and wipe lightly O Isopropyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol Hj Trichlorotriflorothane Do not wipe the display surface with dry or hard materials that will damage the polarizer surface Do not use the following solvent Water Ketone 29 31 LCD Module Manual Aromatics 7 3 Caution against static charge The LCD module use C MOS LSI drivers So we recommend you Connec
8. 1 0 1 When S20 the display does not shift If S 1 it will seem as if the cursor does not move but the display does The display does not shift when reading from DDRAM Also writing into or reading out from CGRAM does not shift the display Display on off control Code RS RW DB7 ODB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 D C B D The display is on when D is 1 and off when D is 0 When off the display data remains in DDRAM but can be displayed instantly by setting D to 1 C The cursor is displayed when C is 1 and not displayed when C is 0 Even if the cursor disappears the other display functions of module will not change The cursor is displayed using 5 dots in the 8 line for 5X8 dot character font and in the 11 line for the 5X10 dot character font B The character indicated by the cursor blinks when B is 1 The blinking is displayed as switching between all blank dots and displayed characters When Fosc is 250kHz and Blinking Frequency is 0 4ms the cursor and the character indicated by the cursor blinking can be set to blink simultaneously Cursor or display shift Code RS RW DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 0 1 S C R L 7 17 31 LCD Module Manual Note Don t care Cursor or display shift shifts the cursor position or display to the right or left without writing or reading display data This function is used to correct
9. 2 More than 50 of LSI IC leads is off the pad outline 15 Conductive foreign matter solder ball solder hips 1 2 0 45 lt gt 1 0 3 lt lt 0 45 gt 1 Average diameter of solder ball unit mm 0 5 L 21 L Average length of solder chip unit mm 1 2 3 1 LSI IC lead width is more than 50 beyond pad outline 2 1 2 16 PCB pattern damage Deep damage is found on copper foil and the pattern is nearly broken Damage on copper foil other than 1 above 17 Faulty PCB correction Due to PCB copper foil pattern burnout the pattern is connected using a jumper wire for repair 2 or more places are corrected per PCB Short circuited part is cut and no resist coating has been performed 18 Bezel flaw Bezel claw missing or not bent 19 Indication on name plate sampling indication label Failure to stamp or label error or not legible all acceptable if legible The separation is more than 1 3 for indication discoloration in which the characters can be checked 28 31 LCD Module Manual 6 Reliability 6 1 Lifetime 50 000 hours 25 the room without ray of sun 6 2 Items of reliability Item Condition Criterion High Temperature Operating 60C 96hrs No cosmetic failure is allowable Contrast ratio should be between initial Low Temperature Operation 20C 96hrs value 10 Total current consumption should be
10. LCD MODULE MANUAL USER S MANUAL FOR LCD MODULE EDM1602 10 LCD Module Manual gt Contents lt 1 3 2 Warranty 3 3 Features 3 4 VO Terminal 6 5 Quality Level 26 6 Reliability 29 7T Handling Precautions 29 8 Precautions for Use 31 9 External Dimensions and Block Diagrams 31 2 31 LCD Module Manual 1 Scope This manual defines general provisions as well as inspection standards for standard LCD module If the event of unforeseen problem or unspecified items may occur please contact the nearest supplier or our company 2 Warranty If module is not stored or used as specified in this manual it will be void the 12 month warranty 3 Features 3 1 Features Display mode Display color Controller Input data Multiplex ratio Viewing direction CGROM Capacity CGRAM Capacity 3 2 Mechanical features Item Transflective and positive type STN LCD Display dots dark blue Background light gray HD44780 KS0066 8 bit parallel data interfaced from a MPU 1 16 Duty 6 O clock Character font 5X8 dots 160 charact
11. d timing So by receiving the instructions and data from data bus lines the controller finds the character codes in CGROM which are then to be put into DDRAM and display characters in the specified positions on the LCD panel corresponding to the addresses in DDRAM It can also realize the characters displaying blinking and shifting and other results by the instructions of MPU The controller is composed of Instruction Register IR Data Register DR Busy Flag BF Address Counter AC DDRAM CGROM CGRAM and Timing Generator Circuit H Instruction Register IR and Data Register DR The module has two 8 bit registers which are an instruction register IR and an data register DR By RS and R W input signals these two registers can be selected See the following table Description Instruction codes DBO to DB7 are written into IR Read busy flag DB7 and address counter DBO to DB6 Description Data DBO to DB7 are written into DR DR write as an internal operation DR to DDRAM or CGRAM DR read as an internal operation DDRAM or CGRAM to DR The Instruction Register IR stores instruction codes and address information for display It can only be written from the MPU The Data Register DR temporarily stores the transfer data between MPU DDRAM and CGRAM Such data transfer can go on automatically by an internal operation Busy Flag BF When the busy flag is 1 the mod
12. e Storing with no touch on polarizer surface by any thing else 7 7 Safety It is recommendable to crash damaged or unnecessary LCD into pieces and to wash off liquid crystal by either of solvents such as acetone and ethanol which should be burned up later When any liquid leaked out of a damaged glass cell comes in contact with your hands please wash it off well at once with soap and water 8 Precaution for use 8 1 Both parties should provide a limit sample an occasion when both parties agree its necessity 30 31 LCD Module Manual The judgement by a limit sample shall take effect after the limit sample has been established and confirmed by both parties 8 2 On the following occasions the handling of problem should be decided through discussion and agreement between responsible of the both parties When a question is arisen in this manual When a new problem is arisen which is not specified in this manual Some problem is arisen due to the change of inspection and operating conditions in users When a new problem is arisen at the customer s operating set for sample evaluation in the customer site 9 External Dimensions and Block Diagrams External Dimensions 85 0 PCB 81 2 73 0 KJ 11 0 64 5 V A 1 6 57 7 A
13. e data to IR Write data to DR Ri Temporarily stores instruction code R2 Temporarily stores character code 21 31 LCD Module Manual or character pattern data WI CLR R W WD SETB RS CLR RS CLR R W MOV A R1 MOV A R2 RO0 RO Delay 65ms DELAY MOV R7 OFFH LOOPO R6 OFFH DJNZ R6 DJNZ R7 LOOPO RET Write custom character pattern data to CGRAM WCG DPTR TAB MOV R1 40H LCALL BF LCALL WI MOV R4 40H Character pattern data are transferred to AC LOOP4 CLR A MOVC A A DPTR MOV R2 LCALL BF LCALL WD INC DJNZ R4 LOOP4 RET lnitializing module by instruction MOV R3 03H MOV R1 38H Function set 8 bit data 1 16 DUTY 5X8 font LCALL WI DJNZ R3 INI MOV R1 401H Clear display LCALL BF LCALL WI MOV R1 06 Input mode set AC increments by 1 LCALL BF 22 31 LCD Module Manual LCALL WI MOV R1 0CH Display on LCALL BF LCALL WI RET Custom character Character pattern data group TAB DB 1FH 00H 00H 00H 00H OOH DB 1FH OOH OOH OOH OOH OOH DB 00H OOH 1FH 00H 00H OOH 00H OOH DB 00H OOH OOH 1FH 00H OOH OOH OOH DB 00H OOH 00H OOH 1FH OOH 00H OOH DB 00H OOH OOH OOH OOH 1FH OOH OOH DB 00H OOH 00H OOH 00H 00H 1FH OOH DB 00H OOH OOH OOH OOH OOH OOH 1FH Custom character pattern bitmap 4 2222 7 BVA Wr
14. e inspection shall be performed by using a 20W fluorescent lamp for illumination and the distance between LCD and the eyes of the inspector should be at least 30cm 5 1 3 1 Light method 2 Inspection distance and angle 5 2 Sampling procedures for each item s acceptance level table Defect type Sampling procedure AQL MIL STD 105D Inspection Level Normal inspection Q ED 01 98 II Single sample inspection MIL STD 105D Inspection Level Normal inspection Q ED 01 98 II Single sample inspection 5 3 Classification of defects 5 3 1 Major defect Major defect Minor defect 26 31 LCD Module Manual A major defect refers to a defect that may substantially degrade usability for product applications 5 3 2 Minor defect A minor defect refers to a defect that deviates from existing standards almost unrelated to the effective use of the product or its operation 5 4 Inspection standards Item Criterion for defects 1 Non display 2 Vertical line is deficient 3 Horizontal line is deficient 4 Cross line is deficient Size mm o lt 0 3 Ignore note 0 3 o lt 0 45 0 45 x 0 6 0 3 lt 0 1 Display on inspection 2 Black White spot L lt 10 WS0 03 5 0 lt L lt 10 0 03 lt WS0 04 5 0 lt LS lt 10 0 04 W x 0 05 1 0 L x10 0 05 W x 0 06 1 0 lt L lt 10 0 06 W x 0 08 3 Black White line 1 4 1 4 Display pattern Layee Unit mm A B lt 0 45 0 lt D E lt 0
15. el Display position 1 2 3 38 39 40 DDRAM Address The first line OOH 01H 03H 25H 26H 27H DDRAM Address The second line 40H 41H 42H 65H 66H 67H When the display shift operation is performed the DDRAM address shifts Take the example of 8 character display in 1 line See the following table Display position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 DDRAM Address The first line 00H 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06H 07H DDRAM Address The second line 40H 41H 42H 48H 44H 45H 46H 47H 11 31 LCD Module Manual For shift left 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06H 07H 08H 41H 42H 43H 44H 45H 46H 47H 48H For shift right 1 283 456 7 8 27 00 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06 67H 40H 41H 42H 43H 44H 45H 46H Interface to the MPU This series of modules can send data in either two 4 bit operations or one 8 bit operation thus allowing interfacing with 4 bit or 8 bit MPUs For 4 bit interface data only four bus lines DB4 to DB7 are used for transfer Bus lines DBO to DB3 are disabled The data transfer between the model and the MPU is completed after the 4 bit data has been transferred twice As for the order of data transfer the four high order bits for 8 bit operation DB4 to DB7 are transferred before the four low order bits for 8 bit operation DBO to DB3
16. ers Character font 5 x 8 dots 8 characters Specifications Outline dimensions 85 0 W lt 30 0 x 11 0 Max T Viewing Area 64 5 W x 17 0 H Image Area 57 7 W x 10 2 H Character Size 2 95 W 4 75 Distance between characters 3 65 W x 5 45 H Dot Size 0 55 W X 0 55 H Dot Pitch 0 6 W X 0 6 H Weight Approx 45 3 31 LCD Module Manual 3 3 Absolute maximum ratings Item Min Max Supply Logic 0 3 5 0 Voltage LCD drive Vdd 15 0 Vdd 0 3 Input voltage Vdd Operating Temperature 50 Storage Temperature 60 Humidity 90 Note 1 The modules may be destroyed if they are used beyond absolute maximum ratings In ordinary operation it is desirable to use them within recommended operation conditions Using the modules beyond these conditions may cause malfunction and poor reliability 2 All voltage values are referenced to GND OV Electrical characteristics Item Symbol Condition Min Power Voltage Logic Vdd LCD drive Vdd Vee 4 5 0 Input Voltage H Level Vih L Level Vil 0 7Vdd 0 3 Output Voltage H Level Voh loh 1mA 0 75Vdd L Level Vol lolz1mA Frame Frequency Fosc Rf 91k 42 190 Power Consumption Note 3 5 Electro optical Characteristics I
17. gram load of the MPU Since the display shift instruction can perform concurrently with display data write the user can minimize system development time with maximum programming efficiency Be sure the module is not in the busy state BF 0 before sending an instruction from the MPU to the module Clear display Code RS RW DB7 DB6 5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Clear display writes space code 20H into DDRAM addresses The contents of DDRAM are cleared The display disappears and the cursor or blinking goes to the left edge of the display It also sets I D to 1 increment mode in entry mode S of entry mode does not change o Return home Code RS RW DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 Return home sets DDRAM address 0 into the address counter and returns the display to its original status if it was shifted The DDRAM contents do not change 16 31 LCD Module Manual Note Don t care Entry mode set Code RS RW DB7 ODB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 VD S VD VD 1 Increment the DDRAM address by 1 when a character code is written into or read from DDRAM VD 0 Decrement the DDRAM address by 1 when a character code is written into or read from DDRAM 5 the sign of display shift When 5 1 shifts the entire display either to the right 1 0 0 or to the left
18. ite displayed character codes to DDRAM WDD MOV DPTR 0300H MOV R5 11H 16 characters are displayed LOOP2 MOV R1 80 Display the first line and the third line LCALL BF 23 31 times LCD Module Manual LCALL WI MOV 29H Every character is displayed forty LOOP1 A line MOVC A A DPTR MOV R2 LCALL BF LCALL WD DJNZ R4 LOOP1 MOV R1 OCOOH Display the second line and the fourth LCALL BF LCALL WI LOOP3 CLR A MOVC A DPTR MOV R2 A LCALL BF LCALL WD DJNZ R4 LOOPS RET 9 Character codes for displayed characters ORG 0300H DB 00H 01H 02H 04H 05H 06H 07H DB 06H 05H 04H 02H 01H OOH 38H Main program for display START RS EQU P1 3 R W EQU P1 4 ORG 0000H LCALL INI LCALL WCG LCALL WDD LCALL DELAY LCALL DELAY LJMP START 24 31 LCD Module Manual The flow chart for display program Initializing Function set 8 bit data 1 16 DUTY 5X7 font Clear display Input mode set AC increments by 1 Display on Write display data into DDRAM 00H 27H the first line and the second line Set DDRAM address Write display data into DDRAM 40H 67H the second line and the fouth line Delay 130ms 25 31 LCD Module Manual 5 Quality Level 5 1 Inspection conditions 5 1 1The environmental conditions for inspection shall be as follows Room temperature 20 3 C Humidity 65 20 RH 5 1 2 The external visual inspection Th
19. ne position of the character pattern CGROM data O4 to OO correspond to character pattern data High 3 bit CGROM data O5 to O7 must be specified as 0 A lit display position black corresponds to a 1 Line 9 and the following lines must be blanked with Os for a 5X8 dot character font m 14 31 LCD Module Manual Relationship between CGRAM Addresses Character Codes and Character Patterns Custom 5X8 Dots Character Code CGRAM Address Character Patterns 765 43 2 10 5 4 3 2 1 0 765 43 2 0 High Low High Low High Low 0 00 412102170 0 0 20004 0 01 Character patterns 0000 000 100 GE 07170 1 iun 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 Cursor position 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 00100 0 1 0 022 20 0 0041 00 Character patterns 000 0 00 1 001 009 9 1 0 122242221 1 0 Y 00000 1 0 0 0 0 0 ae Cursor position 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 00 1 1 l 1 dj d 100 1 0 11 0 Y 1 1 Note lt Character code bits 0 to 2 correspond to CGRAM address bits to 5 5 gt CGRAM address bits 0 to 2 designate the character pattern line position The 8 line is the cursor position Maintain the 8 line data corresponding to the cursor display position at 0 as the cursor display If the 8 line data is 1 1 bits will light up the 8 line regardless of the cursor presence Custom character bitmap is the evaluation state of character pat
20. ngth is selected data must be sent or received twice N Sets the number of display lines F Sets the character font N F No of Display Lines Character Font Duty factor Remarks 0 0 1 5X8 1 8 1 li 2 5X8 1 16 18 31 LCD Module Manual Set CGRAM address Code RS RW DB7 DB6 5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 1 Aces Aces Aca2 Set CGRAM address sets the CGRAM address binary Acas Aceo into the address counter Data is then written to or read from CGRAM o Set DDRAM address Code RS RW DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 1 ADD5 ADD4 ADD3 ADD ADD1 ADDO Set DDRAM address sets the DDRAM address binary Appe Appo into the address counter Data is then written to or read from DDRAM However when it is in the 1 line display mode Apps to be to 4FH When it is in the 2 line display mode Apps Appo can be 00H to 27H for the first line and 40 to 67H for the second line o Read busy flag and address Code RS RW DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 1 BF AC6 AC5 AC4 AC3 AC2 AC1 ACO When RS 0 and R W 1 E in high level BF and AC6 to ACO are read into the corresponding positions of DB7 to DBO BF BF indicates that the system is now internally operating on a previously received instruction If BF is 1 the in
21. or search the display In a 2 line display the first and the second lines displays will shift at the same time The cursor moves to the second line when it passes the 40 digit of the first line When the display data is shifted repeatedly each line moves only horizontally The second line display does not shift into the first line position The address counter AC contents will not change if the only action performed is a display shift S C R L Description 0 0 Shifts the cursor position to the left AC is decremented by one 0 1 Shifts the cursor position to the right AC is incremented by one 1 0 Shifts the entire display to the left The cursor follows the display shift 1 1 Shifts the entire display to the right The cursor follows the display shift O Function set Code RS RW DB7 DB6 5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 0 0 0 0 1 DL N F Note Don t care Sets the interface data length of module and display mode of LCD panel That is to say data are sent or received in 8 bit or 4 bit lengths Sets the number of display lines and the character font Perform the function at the head of the program before executing any instructions except for the read busy flag DL Sets the interface data length Data are sent or received in 8 bit lengths DB7 to DBO when DL is 1 o Data are sent or received 4 bit lengths DB7 to DB4 when DL is 0 When 4 bit le
22. t any unused input terminal to Vaa or Vss Do not input any signals before power is turned on and ground your body work assembly areas assembly equipment to protect against static electricity 7 4 Packaging Module employs LCD elements and must be treated as such Avoid intense shock and falls from a height To prevent modules from degradation do not operate or store them exposed direct to sunshine or high temperature humidity 7 5 Caution for operation It is an indispensable condition to drive LCD module within the limits of the specified voltage since the higher voltage over the limits may cause the shorter life of LCD module An electrochemical reaction due to DC direct current causes LCD undesirable deterioration so that the uses of DC direct current drive should be avoided Reponse time will be extremely delayed at lower temperature than the operating temperature range and on the other hand at higher temperature LCD module may show dark color in them However those phenomena do not mean malfunction or out of order of LCD module which will come back in the specified operating temperature 7 6 Storage In the case of storing for a long period of time the following ways are recommended Storage in polyethylene bag with the opening sealed so as not to enter fresh air outside in it And with not desiccant Placing in a dark place where neither exposure to direct sunlight nor light is Keeping the storage temperature rang
23. tem Idd All the dots are in the static state Condition LCD Driving Voltage Recommended Voltage 0 9 0 Reponse Time Rise Time Decay Time 0 9 0 Viewing Angle Vertical Horizontal Contrast Ratio 0 0 0 4 31 LCD Module Manual 2 Contrast ratio higher than 2 k 2 Note 1 Definition of 9 can obtained in this voltage range ad e 9 27 a o 0 90 Note lt 3 gt Definition of reponse time wave form Positive Display Negative Display Non select Non select Non select Select Non select d Tr Ta Time Tr Td Time Note lt 4 gt Definition of viewing angle Note lt 5 gt Optical measuring system A 1 2 temperature regulated chamber Note lt 6 gt Definition of contrast ratio K 5 31 LCD Module Manual Positive Display Negative Display Contrast ratio K 4 VO Terminal 4 1 VO Connection Brightness of non selected dot B2 Brightness of selected dot B1 Function Power supply voltage 5V Signal ground GND Power supply for driving LCD variable Input terminal interfaced with MPU Selects registers RS 0 Instruction register for write Busy flag address counter for read RS 1 Data register for write and read
24. ten The corresponding character codes can be selected from 001 to 07H For the dual area display structure module E controls the operation of each display area so that the character generation of each area is not interfering with each other It can generate 8 character patterns for 5X8 dots whose character code is selected from 001H to 07H Correspondence between Character Codes and Character Patterns JE HaF 3z p 1 2Z2BRbr fuse 6 3C Sco su UTES F4DTdAt Ik Fp AF 1 EY amp amp FuUuruou3n apc rh alsgsw t 5gn hx a DHRU JgIVium amp mT igy u k l2ZJ3Jzrdnlij PIE OF L 11 F70 LI LCD Module Manual Example of Correspondence between CGROM Address Character Codes and Character Patterns 5X8 Dots CGROM Address Data A11 A10 A9 8 A7 A5 Ad A2 Al 40 04 03 02 01 BES Cursor position o o o o oo ole o c C es se ME n N N N 5 S EN SSS NAI S oo gt 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Character code Line Position Note High 8 bit CGROM addresses 11 to A4 correspond to a character code Low 4 bit CGROM addresses A3 to AO specify a li
25. tern data bit 0 to 4 5 gt As shown Table above character code bit 3 has no effect on custom CGROM character code The range of custom character codes is 00H to 07H or 08H to OF That is to say character codes 00H and 08H correspond to the same group of custom character patterns lt 1for CGRAM data corresponds to display selection 15 31 LCD Module Manual 4 5 2 Instruction Description Only the instruction register IR and the data register DR of the module can be controlled by the MPU Before starting the internal operation of the module control information is temporarily stored into these registers to allow interfacing with various MPUs which operate at different speeds or various peripheral control devices The internal operation of the module is determined by signals sent from the MPU These signals which include register selection signal RS read write signal R W E and the data bus DBO to DB7 make up the module instructions The module is provided with 11 kinds of instructions There are four categories of instructions that lt Designate module function like display format data length etc 5 gt Set internal RAM addresses lt Perform data transfer of internal RAM lt Perform miscellaneous functions Normally instructions that perform data transfer with internal RAM are used the most However auto incrementing by 1 or auto decrementing by 1 of internal RAM addresses after each data write can lighten the pro
26. ternal operation is in progress The next instruction will not be accepted until BF is reset to O AC6 ACO AC6 ACO is the current content of AC The address counter is used by CGROM CGRAM and DDRAM addresses and its value is determined by the previous instruction The AC6 to ACO put into DB7 to DBO is valid when BF is 0 o Write Data to CGRAM or DDRAM Code RS R W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO 19 31 LCD Module Manual Write data to CGRAM or DDRAM writes custom character pattern data to CGRAM or DDRAM or character codes for displayed characters to DDRAM DR temporarily stores D7 to DO data to be written into DDRAM Data written into the DR is automatically written into DDRAM CGRAM by an internal operation o Read data from CGRAM or DDRAM Code RS RW DB7 DB6 5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO 1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO Read data from CGRAM or DDRAM reads data D7 to DO from CGRAM or DDRAM DR temporarily stores data D7 to DO Data D7 to DO are then put into DB7 to DBO by an internal operation Before entering this read instruction either CGRAM or DDRAM address set instruction must be executed by AC 4 5 3 Initializing by Internal Reset Circuit The module has an internal reset circuit The internal reset circuit automatically initializes the module when the power is turned on The busy flag BF is kept in the busy state
27. ule is in the internal operation mode and the next instruction and data will not be accepted When RS 0 and R W 1 E in 10 31 Address LCD Module Manual high level the busy flag is output to DB7 It is recommended that the users had better go on the testing of state character After you ensure that the busy flag is 0 MPU can be allowed to visit the module Counter The address counter AC assigns address to DDRAM or CGRAM When an address of an instruction is written into the IR the address information is sent from the IR to the AC Selection of either DDRAM or CGRAM is also determined concurrently by the instruction AC has the function of automatically incrementing by 1 and decrementing by 1 After writing into reading from DDRAM or CGRAM the AC is automatically incremented by1 decremented by 1 The AC contents are then output to DBO to DB6 when RS 0 and R W 1 E in high level High order bits Low order bits DB6 DB5 4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DBO AC6 5 ACA AC2 AC1 ACO H Display Data RAM DDRAM DDRAM stores display data represented in 8 bit character codes Its capacity determines how many characters can be displayed at most The 1602trncn 01 has the 80x8 bits capacity of DDRAM and the maximum 80 of displayed characters The following is the relationship between DDRAM address and display positions on the LCD pan
28. until the initialization ends BF 1 The busy state lasts for 10 ms after Vcc rises to 4 5v The following instructions are executed during the initialization of module when the power is turned on Display clear Function set DL 1 8 bit interface data NO 1 line display F 0 5X8 dot character font Display on off control D 0 Display off C 0 Cursor off B 0 Blinking off O Entry mode set 0 1 Increment by 1 S 0 No shift 20 31 LCD Module Manual Note If the power supply is not met with the requirements the internal reset circuit will not operate normally and will fail to initialize the module For such a case initialization must be performed by instruction set 4 6 Interfacing to the MPU The module can send data in either two 4 bit operations or one 8 bit operation thus allowing interfacing with 4 or 8 bit MPUs Under the control of signal E in high level or falling edge the module can distinguish the combination format of RS and R W to determine instruction and data transferred by DB7 to DBO Data bus lines DB7 to DBO can transfer the data between the MPU and module The following is an application example of the module Application Circuit RD E WR P1 3 RS P1 4 R W 8031 pg EDM 0 6 DB6 0 5 DB5 MODULE 0 4 DB4 PO 3 DB3 PO 2 DB2 PO 1 DB1 PO O DBO Application Program D Check the Busy Flag BF BF CLR A CLR RS SETB R W A RO0 JB ACC 7 BF RET 2 Writ
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