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ADSL2+ Router on-line manual

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1. af 3 a al al a al a a 3 3 3 3 3 aj Close Refresh fl Help Figure 77 DSL Interval Statistics Page 163 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Using Diagnostics The diagnostics feature executes a series of test of your system software and hardware connections Use this feature when working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems Running the Diagnostics Program Follow these instructions to begin the diagnostics program 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Diagnostics in the task bar The Diagnostics page displays Diagnostics s Led for serfammiing diacnasac or e s ster IFAN Eaterfocs Testr 3 Ete et corsier psz Help Testr3 4D2_ 42 or mac FAL Help Testr g Ete et coriacicr to ATTA SEIFP C Help Testry4 4 IAF sgmer pf i SKF Help Testrg 474 GAF erdts end oing SEF7 C Help Testr 9 F2Pc ser sr cer oech ty SEFE Testr 3 F PcE sermar sess 34 SKF Testr 3 ehant secior sibi ser sr SKF IC yal dat 49 azsicr 2d P adcrezs 1 0 0 3 SEFI ing dea k gahe wee CIC SEPIE ing Primar Cova Here Sersr SKF Guer OHMS for awa gbtesp an race canr SEFI in svs glck 2s 3ar ata cam SKIF gt EC Submit ff rina l traceroute f Help Figure 78 Diagnostics Page 2 From the WAN Interface drop down list select the name of the WAN interface you want to test 3 Click Submit The diagnostics utility r
2. 148 Viewing Rule Statistics csseesssseceseseeeeeeteteeees 148 Blocking Protocols scscsesececeeeceseesseeeeeaeeeeneaeeteteaeaeeees 149 1 5 Managing Access to the Configuration Program E E A A E E 153 Managing User LOQIINS cecesesececeeeseeeeeseeeeneneeeeteaeaeeees 153 Changing Login PaSSWOMdS sssceeeseceseteeteeseeteeeees 155 Enabling Management through the WAN Port 156 Configuring SNMP ou eessseseseceeesseeeeeeeseeeseesteneeseeeeeneeees 157 Creating COMMUNIICS cceeceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 157 Adding Hosts to Communities tee 158 Viewing Hosle iea a R 158 Viewing Global SNMP Statistics 158 Table of Contents 16 17 18 19 A Monitoring System Status and Performing DIAQNOSUCS iiiacse cacdattintcniistianassinestuansedieeiunsedincnesdic 159 Viewing System Alarm ceceseseseseseseseseeseseeeseeaeseeeaeaes 159 Viewing the Alarm Table eeceseseseseseseseseeseseeeeneaes 159 Viewing the System LOQ ecesesesessesseseseeseseeeseeseseeeaeaes 160 Viewing DSL Information eceeseesesseeseseseeseeeseeseseeeeneaes 161 Using Diagnostics c icc daddies 164 Running the Diagnostics Program 164 Using the Ping Utility 0 ceeeeeeseseeeeeeaeseeeaeaes 165 Using the Traceroute Utility eee 166 Upgrading the Software and Storing and Restoring the Configuration Data 000 168 Upgrading the Image eesesececeesee
3. IPV6 Multicast IP Multicasting under IP Protocol version 6 See P Multicast above 802 1 Q This IEEE specification defines a protocol for virtual LANs on Ethernet networks A virtual LAN is a group of PCs that function as a local area network even though the PCs may not be physically connected They are commonly used to facilitate administration of large networks To block a protocol click the appropriate check box and click submit mit After you have verified that the device continues to function as expected if you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them Part 5 Administrative Tasks and System Monitoring 151 ADSL2 Router User s Guide About Part 5 Part 5 describes tools that LAN administrator can use to monitor the system performance and control access to the Configuration Manager program Part 5 contains the following chapters N za za za Chapter 15 Managing Access describes how to manage user IDs and passwords for logging in to Configuration Manager and how to enable your ISP to configure the device remotely Chapter 16 Monitoring System Status and Performing Diagnostics describes how to view information on system events and DSL line performance how to run the diagnostic utility to troubleshoot system problems and how to use the ping and traceroute utilities Chapter 17 Upgrading the Software exp
4. If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 129 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Managing the Blac kiist If data packets are received that violate the firewall settings or any of the IP filter rules then the source IP address of the offending packets can be blocked from such accesses for a specified period of time You can enable or disable use of the black list using the settings described above The source computer remains on the black list for the period of time that you specify To view the list of currently blacklisted computers click Black List atthe bottom of the Firewall Configuration page The Firewall Blacklisted Hosts page displays Firewall Blacklisted Hosts Host IP Address Reason IPF Rule ID Acton s Ho P ace _ sted ast cose I nefrosh i Her Figure 57 Firewall Blacklisted Hosts Page The table displays the following information for each entry Field Description Host IP Address The IP address of the computer that sent the packet s that caused the violation Reason A short description of the type of violation If the packet violated an IP filter rule the custom text from the Log Tag field will display See Creating IP Filter Rules on page 134 IPF Rule ID If the packet violated an IP fitter rule this field will display the ID assigned to the rule Action s Displays an icon iH you can click on to delete the entry
5. Last Failed Sieius eze Operators Stetus Stertup Progress cane Figure 74 DSL Status Page The DSL Status page displays current information on the DSL line performance The page refreshes according to the setting in the Refresh drop down list which you can configure In the DSL Status table the Operational Status setting displays a red orange or green ball to indicate that the DSL line is idle starting up or up and running respectively You can click Loop StoP lo end the DSL connection To restart the Loop Start connection you can click _Loop start_ Although you generally will not need to view the remaining data it may be helpful when troubleshooting connection or performance problems with your ISP j cl You can click Clear to reset all counters to zero and _Refresh to redisplay the page with newly accumulated values You can click _ DsLParam display the DSL Parameters page which provides data about the configuration of the DSL line 161 ADSL2 Router User s Guide DSL Parameter OOBSGSPN Revision Number T93 3 8 Serial Number 123456789abcdx Local Tx Power 0 0 dB ASO kbps Remote Tx Power 0 0 dB ASif kbps Local Line Atten 0 5 dB ESO kbps Remote Line Atten 0 5 dB E8i kbps Local SNR Margin 0 0 dB Remote SNR Margin 0 0 dB RValue SValue Self Test Passed
6. Add Page Basic Flavor Follow these instructions to add a Basic rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 117 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select BASIC as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID Select the interface on which this rule will be effective Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ANY This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ALL if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP ora number from 1 255 that represents the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA specified protocol number 4 Inthe Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the starting and ending IP addresses that identify the range of private address you want to be translated Or type the same address in both fields If you specify a range each address will be translated in sequence to a corresponding address in a range of global addresses which you specify in step 5 You can create a Basic rule for each specific address translation to occur The range of addresses should correspond to private addresses already in use on your network whether assigned statically to your PCs or assigned dynamically using DHCP 122 5 Inthe Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the starting and ending addresses that identify the pool of p
7. You can commit changes to save them permanently to flash memory Submitting changes activates them immediately but saves them only until the device is reset or powered down Committing changes saves them permanently Follow these steps to commit changes 1 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar The Commit amp Reboot page displays Commit B Reboot Js bis aze bo mmt chang Emre En rabot zu secte Ai d fferzm rfizu a cns Reboot x o al commit J Reboot f refresh f nein Figure 12 Commit amp Reboot Page 2 Click _fommit_ Disregard the selection in the Reboot Mode drop down list it does not affect the commit process The changes are saved to permanent storage The previous settings are copied to backup storage so that they can be recalled if your new settings do not work properly see the rebooting instructions on page 40 39 ADSL2 Router User s Guide AN WARNING Rebooting the device using Configuration Manager To reboot the device display the Commit amp Reboot page select the appropriate reboot mode from the drop down menu and then click Reboot You can select from the following reboot options Option Description Reboot Reboots using the settings currently in memory including any changes you made and committed during the current session Reboot from Default Reboots the device to default settings provided by Config
8. BValue DSi Standard T1 413 Frellis Coding Disable Framing Structure Framing 0 close Refresh ttn Figure 75 DSL Parameters Page N The DSL Parameters and Status table displays settings preconfigured by the product manufacturer or your ISP N The Config Data table lists various types of error and defects measurements found on the DSL line You cannot modify this data From the DSL Status page you can also click Stats display DSL line performance statistics DSL Statistics Ao of 25 Min Valid Data Intervals a 40 of 25 Min invalid Beta Intervais Q Elepsed Time MM S5 Errored Seconds Severely frrored Secanes Upavetabes Seconds Elapsed Time H H MH S5 Errored Seconds Severely Errored Seconds Hpavaiabie Seconds Monitored Time HH MM S5 Errored Seconds Severely Errored Seconds Unavetiaie Seconds Figure 76 DSL Statistics Page 162 The DSL Statistics page reports error data relating to the last 15 minute interval the current day and the previous day At the bottom of the page the Detailed Interval Statistic table displays links you can click on to display detailed data for each 15 minute interval in the past 24 hours For example when you click on 1 4 data displays for the 16 intervals 15 minutes each that make up the previous 4 hours Figure 77 shows an example DSL Interval Statistics
9. Field Description Status Indicates which of the following interface statuses has been manually selected O Start The connection will be established for use whenever the device is turned on or rebooted Stop The PPP interface has been manually disabled and cannot currently be used It can only be used after being manually returned to the Start state Start On Data The PPP connection will be established automatically whenever data is sent to the interface e g when a LAN user attempts to use the Internet and will time out whenever the interface is idle for a specified amount of time Service Name This feature is available with PPPoE interfaces but not with PPPoA interfaces The name of the ISP service you are using with this PPP connection ISPs may offer different types of services for example for online gaming or business services each requiring a different login and other connection properties 56 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Field Description Last FailCause Indicates the action that ended the previous PPP session o No Valid PADO Recvd The device initiated a PPoE handshake but did not receive a packet in reply from the ISP o No Valid PADS Recva After the initial handshake the device did not receive a confirmation packet from the ISP o Stopped by User The user stopped the connection for example by changing the Configuration Manager settings for the PPP interface o No A
10. amber OF PPTE Alg Sessions Surber OF RISP Alp Sessions ander Of Jaubuttu Alp Sessions ete Sat Packets wio AGtening Treesistioe Rures aumber Of In Packets Franstated The table provides basic information for each NAT rule you have set up You can click Hes to restart the accumulation of the statistics at their initial values 113 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing NATRules and Rule Statistics To view the NAT rules currently defined on your system select NAT Rule Entry in the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Rule Configuration page displays s lt etwork Address Translation YAT Rule Configuration Zac ros as tes Ists lt al fo trerslstire addresze e2 Hels fr inst ack aos n crsatre B47 alz Figure 46 NAT Rule Configuration Page The NAT Rule Configuration table displays a row containing basic information for each rule For a description of these fields refer to the instructions for adding rules pages 117 through 126 From the NAT Rule Configuration page you can click odd to add a new rule or use the icons in the right column to delete 1 or view details on a rule To view data on how often a specific NAT rule has been used click _Stats in the Action s column A page displays similar to the one shown in Figure 47 RAT Rule Statistics Rafe ID Totei Number of Transiation ez Ihis Rule Total anmber of Inbound Packets
11. 12 Configuring DNS Server Addresses 95 About DNS svisitscn cient eels 95 Assigning DNS Addresses to PCS ccceceeseeseeteeeees 95 Configuring DNS Relay ccceseseseseeesesseseseeeseeseseeeeaeseees 96 Configuring IP ROUtCS s eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 98 Overview Of IP ROUtCS ce eseseececesseeeeeseeeeeessteteeseeeeeteeeees 98 IP routing versus telephone switching eee 98 Hops and gateways uu eceeseseceeeseeeeseseeseseseeeeteaeseeeeaeaeees 99 Using IP routes to define default gateways 99 Do need to define IP routes s s s 99 Viewing the IP Routing Table ceseteseeeseseeeeseseeeeneees 100 Adding IP ROUES ei A 102 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol 103 RIP OVESEN disiciticathotielieetrahhra stints keane 103 When should you configure RIP 103 Configuring the ADSL2 Router s Interfaces with RiP eae sai aa kana ade lad eas 104 Viewing RIP Statistics 0 0 eeeseeeseesesesseseeeeseseeeeeeaeseeeaeaes 106 Configuring Network Address Translation 109 Overview Of NAT esessesecsessstseseseseesssestesesestesesteteeeseetenesees 109 Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics 111 Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics 0 ccee 114 Viewing Current NAT Translations 0 eee 115 Adding NAT Rules c cseesecesseseeseeseseseeseseeeseeseeeeeeaeseeeaeaes 117 The NAPT rule Translating between p
12. Global Map displays IPOA Interface Global Yap SE ec a Figure 27 IPoA Interface Global Map Page You can click T in the Action column to delete an IPoA mapping The IPoA interface itself is not deleted 67 6 Configuring the System Operating Modes The ADSL2 Router can operate as a router a bridge or both The system operating mode is determined by how you configure the LAN and WAN interfaces to exchange data within your network and with your ISP This chapter provides an overview of how routers and bridges work and explains how to configure the device interfaces and other settings to meet the needs of your network and ISP connection type Overview of Bridges and Routers Both bridges and routers enable communication between two networks such as a home network and ISP s network of Internet access servers Although to an end user they may appear to provide the same functionality bridges and routers operate differently and provide different services Some ISPs require their customers to use a bridge connection whereas others allow a routed connection How Bridges Work Bridges enable computers on two networks to communicate as if they are on two segments of the same physical LAN A bridge learns the hardware IDs of all computers on each network it is attached to These hardware IDs are assigned by manufacturers to devices such as network interface cards that enable computers to connect to networks The brid
13. Jap IF Delivered To Hser Urotocol 237 Faek Dutz ac IF Datagrar s iP Requests for frensavsstor wy lser Frogacat 132 Feet Opri IF Discerded J Peceets Guipat IE Discarded wf fo Route 35 Fe sket P Cacecrems 7 Reassenal Sexvreim of Seconds FP Wais For Reassem5le 5J Secoidis iP Received Witch Heeded Jo Oe Reessemifed J Peczets iP Saccessfally Re assemibled J Pec ets IP Fads To Re Assemhle J Peczets IP Datec ene Frag 2a IP Successfully Frogmented J Pecsets IP faiis To Fragment I Pecets JE Fragments Created I Pec ets Figure 32 IP Global Statistics Page To display updated statistics showing any new data since you opened the page click EE 84 8 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol You can configure your network and ADSL2 Router to use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP This chapter provides an overview of DHCP and instructions for implementing it on your network Overview of DHCP Whatis DHC P DHCP is a protocol that enables network administrators to centrally manage the assignment and distribution of IP information to computers on a network When you enable DHCP on a network you allow a device such as the ADSL2 Router or a router located with your ISP to assign temporary IP addresses to your computers whenever they connect to your network The assigning device is called a DHCP server and the receiving device is
14. Router Quick Configuration Page eessecesesseseseseseeseeeseeseseeeeseseees 26 Default Router Settings eceeeesseceseeeeseeeseeseseeteseaeees 28 Testing Your Setup esesseceesesececeesecesesseeeeseeeeeseeeeeeneseetenees 30 3 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 31 Accessing the Configuration Managet cseeeee 31 Functional Layout aiea anen ea aR 33 Table of Contents Commonly used DUTIONS eee eeteteeeeeeeeeneeeeeeteseeteeeees 33 The Home Page and System View Table see 34 Modifying Basic System Information cceeteceeeeeeee 36 Modifying the Date and Time or Configuring SNP anaiai nananana ae i a aa 36 Specifying theADSL2 Router s Name and Network Domain NamMe s sssessessssrsssrsssrersrisresrrrsrness 38 Committing Changes and Rebooting eeceeseeeeeeee 39 Committing CHANGES eeeesececeeteeeeeseseeeeneneeeeteneeeeeeees 39 Rebooting the device using Configuration Manager spia AT 40 4 Configuring the LAN and USB Interfaces 43 Connecting Your PCs via Ethernet and or USB 43 Configuring the LAN Ethernet Interface eee 44 Configuring the USB Interface IP Address 0 00 47 5 Configuring WAN Interfaces ccccssssseeeeeeees 49 Configuring the ATM VC eessssssssseeseseseetsesetetensseeteneneees 50 Modifying ATM VCS ceseseseseseseseeeeeseeeeseseeeseeaeseeteaeaeees 51 Adding ATM VGS islinennit
15. the Internet You can use rules that specify the incoming direction to restrict extemal computers from accessing your LAN Interface The interface on the ADSL2 Router on which the rule will take effect See the examples on page 139 for suggestions on choosing the appropriate interface for various rule types In Interface The interface from which packets must have been forwarded to the interface specified in the previous selection This option is valid only for the outgoing direction Log Option When Enabled is selected a log entry will be created on the system each time this rule is invoked The log entry will include the time of the violation the source address of the computer responsible for the violation the destination IP address the protocol being used the source and destination ports and the number violations occurring in the previous x minutes Logging may be helpful when troubleshooting This information can also be e mailed to designated administrators See Chapter 13 Configuring Firewall Settings for instructions Security Level The security level that must be enabled globally for this rule to take affect A rule will be active only if its security level is the same as the globally configured setting shown on the main IP Filter Configuration page For example if the rule is set to Medium and the global firewall level is set to Medium then the rule will be active but if the globa
16. you can load the configuration file back to the system This feature may be especially useful when you receive an image upgrade file from your ISP containing software updates Uploading the new image may overwrite your settings with default values Before you load the new image you can store the configuration settings Then after you load the image you can restore your previous configuration Follow these instructions to save and restore the configuration file 1 Ensure that any changes you have made in the current session have been committed click the Admin tab click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar and then click Commit 2 Inthe Admin tab click Backup Restore Config in the task bar The Backup Restore Config page displays Backup Restore Config Save Contig Uplaad Figure 83 Backup Restore Config Page 3 Perform either of the following 170 To save the current configuration click _ 2248 Eenfia__ A Windows dialog box will display to enable you to choose where to save the file The file is named commitedctg cfg and can be opened with any text editor You can change the file name to identify the date or characteristics of the configuration however you must change it back to commitedcfg cfg before restoring it To restore a saved configuration file click _Biowse A Windows dialog box will display to enable you to select the file which must be named commitedcfg cig from your PC or ne
17. 52 Configuring PPP Interfaces sesssessssessssesresrrssrresrressrsssnes 53 Viewing Your Current PPP Configuration 0 53 Viewing PPP Interface Details eeseeeeeeeeeeeeeees 56 Adding a PPP Interface esessscssseceseseeteetsetensenees 58 Configuring EoA Interfaces esesesseeseseeeseseseeseseseeneaeees 59 Adding EoA Interfaces 00 eseecsseeseeseseeeseeeeeeseseeeeneaeees 61 Configuring IPOA Interfaces sssssessesecseeesseeeeeeeees 64 Adding IPoA Interfaces essseecesestsesesttetsetseteeeeeees 66 6 Configuring the System Operating Modes 68 Overview of Bridges and ROuterS ccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeees 68 How Bridges Wotk ceesesesesseeseseeeseeeeeeseeeeeeaeseeeeaeaees 68 How Routers Work ceceeesesesseeseseeseseeeeseseeeseeaeseeseaeaeees 69 Overview of System Operating Modes c ceee 70 Configuring Routable and Bridgeable Interfaces 71 8 Making Interfaces Routable IP Enabled 71 Making Interfaces Bridgeable Bridge Enabled shh deans dct ANE EEE EEN E ETEA TAA 71 Enabling Bridging MOde esssseeseseeseseeeesesesteseseees 72 COMMON Scenarios cseececeseceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeteeseeeeees 73 Scenario 1 Routed Connection to ISP eee 73 Scenario 2 Bridged Connection to ISP 0 ee 74 Scenario 3 Routed and Bridged Connections 1 ISP eisene hete eere 75 Configuring Special Bridging Fe
18. Add page Bridge Filter Rule Add B fradtve J Disabile fp les oon ns amp Oostzoirc on E tog opon osea gt E da faterfece al Figure 63 Bridge Filter Rule Add Page 143 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 Enter or select data for each field that applies to your rule defined as follows Field Description Rule ID Each rule must be assigned an ID number Rules are processed from lowest to highest on each data packet until a match is found Rule numbers up to 99 are reserved for preconfigured system rules Rule IDs must start at 1000 or above so that they do not interfere with system defined rules It is also recommended that you assign rule IDs in multiples of 5 or 10 e g 1000 1010 1020 so that you leave enough room between them for inserting new rules if necessary Interface The interface on which the rule will take effect Direction Specifies whether the rule should apply to packets that are incoming or outgoing on the selected interface Incoming refers to packets coming in to the LAN on the interface and Outgoing refers to packets going out from the LAN You can use rules that specify the incoming direction to restrict external computers from accessing your LAN In Interface The interface from which packets must be forwarded in order for this rule to be invoked For example if the Interface criteria is set to ppp 0 then the In Interface could be set to usb 0 This s
19. Follow steps 7 12 under The NAPT rule on page 117 to submit your changes 126 1 3 Configuring Firewall Settings Configuration Manager provides built in firewall functions enabling you to protect the system against denial of service DoS attacks and other unwelcome or malicious accesses to your LAN You can also specify how to monitor attempted attacks and who should be automatically notified Configuring Global Firewall Settings Follow these instructions to configure global firewall settings 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click Firewall in the task bar The Firewall Configuration page displays Fire Wall Configuration This Page is used to view Firewall Configuration Enable Blacklist Status Disable Blacklist Periodfmin 10 Aiteck Protection e aes Pos Protection Max Half open TCP Conn Max ICMP Conn Max Single Host Conn tog Destination E Mail ID of Admin 1 E Mail ID of Admin 2 E Mail ID of Admin 3 f submit ME cancel ME black List Refresh I Henn Figure 56 Firewall Configuration Page 127 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 Configure the following settings as needed Field Description Black List Status If you want the device to maintain a blacklist click the Enable radio button Click the Disable radio button if you do not want to maintain a list For more information see Managing
20. NAT feature is enabled click the Disable radio button 6 Click the Bridging tab to display the Bridging page and then click the ZIPB Enable radio button 7 Click the Bridging Disable radio button 78 Chapter 2 About Part 2 8 Click Submit A page displays briefly to confirm the change and the System Mode page redisplays 9 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 79 Part 3 Routing and IP Related Features ADSL2 Router User s Guide About Part 3 Part 3 explains how to view information relating to Internet Protocol processing and describes configuring theADSL2 Router s IP routing features Part 3 contains the following chapters N Chapter 7 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics shows how to view the IP information associated with the device interfaces and statistics related to IP packet processing N Chapter 8 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol describes how to configure theADSL2 Router s DHCP server and DHCP relay agent to dynamically assign IP information to your LAN PCs N Chapter 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses describes how to specify the IP addresses for the Domain Name Servers that your LAN will use when accessing the Internet N Chapter 10 Configuring IP Routes describes how to create rules that specify the device interfaces through which data packets sh
21. Protocol TCP IP in the Network Protocols list and then click Va You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 2000 installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files If prompted click ok to restart your computer with the new settings Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the ADSL2 Router 8 10 11 12 In the Control Panel double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon In Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Local Area Connection icon and then select Properties In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box select Internet Protocol TCP IP and then click Pees In the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically Click aa twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel 17 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Windows ME PCs 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon In the Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Network icon and then select Properties The Network Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes Internet Protocol TCP IP then th
22. Security Level i Biecklist Sietas ete fag reg mia POE tees E Sie FP Address fe PF RRP FE Best IP Address fe ap FF OP Fe Protocol E Apply Staten m Jetpection Per oherpert Aas otter 3 Ef a ars oher pert Eas siter 3 Ef Dest Port r r 4 ac TSP flag lz ICHE Tpper er che Repl Ef ICMP fade E 5 H fe C es if Yes if frag Pet rm bb JP Optier Pit CoE f gnore gore Packet Sizer ere E A Eneble C Cistre FOO Rule status 7 Figure 59 IP Filter Rule Add Page 134 2 Enter or select data for each field that applies to your rule The following table describes the fields Field Description Rule ID Each rule must be assigned a sequential ID number Rules are processed from lowest to highest on each data packet until a match is found It is recommended that you assign rule IDs in multiples of 5 or 10 e g 10 20 30 so that you leave enough room between them for inserting new rules if necessary Action The action that will be taken when a packet matches the rule criteria The action can be Accept forward to destination or Deny discard the packet Direction Specifies whether the rule should apply to data packets that are incoming or outgoing on the selected interface Incoming refers to packets coming from the LAN and outgoing refers to packets going to
23. Submit cancel I Hein Figure 35 DHCP Server Pool Modify Page You can change the domain name associated with an IP address pool or enable disable the pool By default a pool is enabled when you create it If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 90 Excluding IPaddresses from a pool If you have IP addresses that are designated for fixed use with specific devices or for some other reason you do not want to make them available to your network you can exclude them from the pool Display the DHCP Server Pool Modify page as shown in Figure 35 Type each address to be excluded in the Excluded IP Ea field and click When you are done specifying excluded addresses click _Submit and then use the Commit function to save your changes to permanent memory see page 39 Viewing current DHCP address assignments When the ADSL2 Router functions as a DHCP server for your LAN it keeps a record of any addresses currently leased to your computers To view a table of all current IP address assignments display the DHCP Server Configuration page and then click Address Table A page displays similar to that shown in Figure 36 DHCP Server Address Table Mac Address 1S2 Ses aise Sacer en 3C 3C 04 7 Fa 3 c o 0 0 E tose f eiren A He Figure 36 DHCP Server Address Table Page The DHCP Server Address Table lists any IP addresses that are currently leas
24. Such packets can signify an unwelcome attempt to gain access to a network Source Destination Port Port number criteria for the source computer s from which the packet Originates and destination computer s Port numbers identify the type of traffic that the computer or server can handle and are specified by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA For example port number 80 indicates a Web server 21 indicates an FTP server You can choose a port type by name from the drop down lists or if not available in the list specify the IANA port number in the text boxes Select Any other portif this criteria will not be used These fields will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you have selected TCP or UDP as the protocol See the description of Src IP Address for the statement options any eq gt etc TCP Flag Specifies whether the rule should apply only to TCP packets that contain the synchronous SYN flag only to those that contain the non synchronous NOT SYWN flag or to all TCP packets This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you selected TCP as the protocol ICMP Type Specifies whether the value in the type field in ICMP packet headers will be used as criteria The code value can be any decimal value from 0 255 You can specify that the value must equal eq or not equal neq the specified value or you can select any to enable the rule to be invoked on all ICMP packet
25. a LAN or USB interface that was not preconfigured contact your ISP for assistance 43 ADSL2 Router User s Guide rere Note Note Configuring the LAN Etheme Interface In order to use the device as a router on your LAN Internet Protocol IP properties must be assigned to the LAN interface These properties must identify the interface as residing in the same subnet as the PCs on your LAN See Appendix A for an explanation of subnets Default IP properties are assigned to the LAN interface to enable you to connect to it when you configure your PCs as described in the Quick Start If the IP addresses that you want to assign to your PCs are not in the same subnet as the default LAN interface you can use Configuration Manager to change the LAN interface IP properties accordingly However because you must access Configuration Manager from a PC in the same subnet as the LAN interface initially configure one PC as indicated in the Quick Start Then access Configuration Manager and change the LAN IP address as required When done change the IP properties on the PC to so that it is also in the appropriate subnet If your network uses a DHCP server other than the ADSL Ethernet router to assign IP addresses you can also configure the device to accept and use a LAN IP address assigned by that server Similarly if your ISP performs DHCP serving for your network you can configure the device to accept an IP address as
26. and routes the packet to the next hop The second router that receives the packet reduces the TTL to 0 and responds with an ICMP timeout reply The next set of traceroute packets has a TTL of 3 and so on until the traceroute packets reach the destination computer The destination computer replies with an error message that signals the completion of the traceroute To perform a traceroute you must know the destination IP address or host name Follow these steps to perform a traceroute The Diagnostic Traceroute page displays Diagnostics Traceroute C Dest iP Addrers i Profe Hessage Fee No of Brober per TTL SesFeation VOP port Traceroute A cancel oeroue 7 Heir Figure 80 Diagnostics Page Traceroute 166 2 Click either the Destination IP Address or Dest Hostname radio button and then type the appropriate data in the corresponding text box The destination host name must be in the form of a fully qualified domain name such as yahoo com 3 Inthe Config Data section change any of the following parameters as needed Field Description Probe Message Type The traceroute can use ping UDP messages to conduct the traceroute Some routers in the path may not support one or the other method Try one and if not working try the other No of Probes per The number of redundant packets that will be TTL sent in each transmission to account for pack
27. and disabled no rules will be effective unless the Enable radio button is selected here Default Action Your selection in the Default Action drop down list determines the action to be taken on all packets that do not match a bridge filter rule The available options are o Accept All packets are accepted on all interfaces except those specifically denied by a bridge filter rule Packets may still be denied due to firewall or IP filter restrictions o Deny All packets are denied on all interfaces except those specifically accepted by a bridge filter rule Do not select CallMgt option it is for manufacturer use only Adding Bridge Filter Rules Adding and enabling a new bridge filter rule is a multi step process N First you add the rule which defines general information such as the rule number the direction of traffic it applies to and the action to be taken when a match is detected Next you add one or more subrules which specify the specific criteria that the bits in the packet must meet A packet must match the rule criteria and all criteria in its subrules in order for the rule action to taken Finally you enable the rule and any subrules that you want to be in effect and then enable the bridge filtering service Z Follow this process to add a rule then proceed to the next set of steps to add subrules 1 On the main Bridge Filter page click Add display the Bridge Filter Rule
28. assigned each This is nota mandatory scheme but is useful in promoting communication between separately administered LANs Modifying the ADSL2 Router s Port Numbers In some cases you may want to assign non standard port numbers to the HTTP and Telnet servers that are embedded on the ADSL2 Router The following scenario is one example in which changing the HTTP port number may be necessary You have an externally visible Web server on your LAN with a NAT rule RDR flavor that redirects incoming HTTP packets to that Web server When incoming packets contain a destination IP address of your public IP address which is assigned to the ADSL Ethernet router s WAN interface and the standard Web server port number of 80 the NAT rule recognizes the port number and redirects the packets to your Web servers local IP address Assume in this scenario that you also want to enable external access to the ADSL2 Router s Configuration Manager so that your ISP can log in and manager your system for example Accessing Configuration Manager requires accessing the ADSL2 Router s own Web server also called its HTTP server In this case you would want to use the Port Settings feature to assign a non standard port number to the ADSL2 Routers HTTP server Without a non standard port number the NAT rule would redirect your ISP s log in attempt to your LAN HTTP server rather than to the HTTP server on the ADSL2 Router 172 Thereaft
29. data traffic traveling in the incoming direction from the WAN interface to the LAN interface will not count as activity on the WAN interface for the purposes of determining whether to make it inactive i e incoming traffic will not activate a start on data interface Only LAN to WAN traffic will start the interface The PPP Configuration Table displays the following fields Field Description Interface The name of the PPP interface VC The virtual circuit over which this PPP data is sent The VC identifies the physical path the data takes to reach your ISP Interface Sec Type The type of firewall protections that are in effect on the interface public private or DMZ A public interface connects to the Internet PPP interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a set of protections that is in between publ
30. eventual path the data will take but each uses a specific part of the destination address phone number to make a decision about which device to connect to next 98 Hopsand gateways Each time Internet data is passed from one Internet address to another it is said to take a hop A hop can be a handoff to a different port on the same device to a different device on the same network or to a device on an entirely different network When a hop passes data from one type of network to another it uses a gateway A gateway is an IP address that provides initial access to a network just as a switchboard serves as a gateway to a specific set of phone numbers For example when a computer on your LAN requests access to a company s web site your ISP serves as a gateway to the Internet As your request reaches its destination another gateway provides access to the company s web servers Using IP outes to define default gateways IP routes are defined on computers routers and other IP enabled devices to instruct them which hop to take or which gateway to use to help forward data along to its specified destination If no IP route is defined for a destination then IP data is passed to a predetermined default gateway The default gateway serves like a higher level telephone switchboard it may not be able to connect directly to the destination but it will know a set of other devices that can help pass the data intelligently If it cann
31. icon The Network dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes TCP IP and then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 9 If TCP IP does not display as an installed component click Add The Select Network Component Type dialog box displays Select Protocol and then click Add The Select Network Protocol dialog box displays Click on Microsoft in the Manufacturers list box and then click TCP IP in the Network Protocols list box Click pe to return to the Network dialog box and then click Bs again You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 95 98 installation CD Follow the instructions to install the files Click x to restart the PC and complete the TCP IP installation Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the ADSL2 Router 8 10 11 12 13 14 Open the Control Panel window and then click the Network icon Select the network component labeled TCP IP and then click Properties If you have multiple TCP IP listings select the listing associated with your network card or adapter In the TCP IP Properties dialog box click the IP Address tab Click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Click the DNS Configuration tab and then click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Click x twice to confirm and save your changes You will be promp
32. in the location box in your Web browser instead of typing the numeric IP address For example if you named the device myrouter and left the Domain Name field blank then you could type the following in your Web browser to access Configuration Manager http m yrouter N If you also specify a domain name for the ADSL Ethernet router the next time you access Configuration Manager type the domain name and the device name in your Web browser For example if you entered myrouter in the Name field and mydomain comin the Domain Name field then you would type the following in your Web browser to access Configuration Manager http myrouter mydomain com After you enter information in these fields follow steps 3 through 5 on page 37 to save your changes Using a name domain instead of the IP address to access Configuration Manager will work only when the DNS relay feature is enabled DNS Relay is automatically enabled when the DNS server address configured on your PCs is also the address assigned to the LAN interface on theADSL2 Router See Chapter 9 for more information 38 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Definition Committing Changes and Rebooting Committing Changes Whenever you use Configuration Manager to change system settings the changes are initially placed in temporary storage called random access memory or RAM Your changes are made effective when you submit them but will be lost if the device is reset or turned off
33. in Figure 28 System View Js Wis asg i gi e sua arg o Se ecisi g 2 fig_rcte of aur cere DS Speretions States sta _p a d hske tas Stade Se BSL Persie Steadard Figure 28 Viewing the Operating Mode The system mode that displays is notconfigured using a single setting Rather it is determined at system startup based on whether the device s LAN and WAN interfaces are configured with IP information i e are IP enabled and whether the Bridging setting on the System Mode page is enabled or disabled The System Mode page is located in the Home tab and is shown in Figure 30 on page 72 N When the Bridging setting on the System Mode page is disabled then the system mode will display as Routing N When the Bridging setting is enabled and at least one LAN or WAN interface is IP enabled then the system mode will display as Routing and Bridging When the Bridging setting is enabled and no interfaces are IP enabled then the device is considered to be in Bridging Mode Note however that in this case you would not be able to access Configuration Manager without being IP enabled the Ethernet interface could not communicate using the Internet protocol HTTP which is used to display information in your Web browser Instead of focusing on selecting a system mode of operation users should ensure that the appropriate settings are in place to enable communication wi
34. it appears as if the access is being made to the public IP address when in fact it is communicating with a LAN computer In the outgoing direction the private source IP address in a data packet is translated to the LAN s public IP address To the rest of the Internet it appears as if the data packet originated from the public IP address Bimap rules can be used to provide external access to a LAN device They do not provide the same level of security as RDR rules because RDR rules also reroute incoming packets based on the port ID Bimap rules do not account for the port number and therefore allow external access regardless of the destination port type specified in the incoming packet Figure 54 shows the fields used to establish a Bimap rule MAT Rule Add NAT Rule Information Ruise Flavor BIY S Rafe ID 2 Mone Local Address Global Address f submi f conce A nei Figure 54 NAT Rule Add Page Bimap Flavor Follow these instructions to add a Bimap rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 117 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select BIMAP as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID Select the interface on which this rule will be effective In the Local Address field type the private IP address of the computer to which you are granting external access 4 Inthe Global Address field type the addre
35. mask that identify it as being in the same subnet as your LAN PCs See Chapter 4 for instructions An IP enabled WAN interface The interface type can be PPP or EoA An IPoA interface can also be used but they are rarely used in customer settings See Chapter 5 for instructions o Ifan EoA interfaces is created an IP address should be assigned to it Or the interface should be configured to receive an IP address through DHCP o For PPP interfaces IP information is assigned when the link is negotiated o For either type of WAN interface the Default Gateway check boxis normally selected N Each PC s IP properties specify the ADSL Ethernet router s LAN interface as its gateway IP address The PCs may also be configured to obtain IP information automatically from a DHCP server With this configuration all IP packets originating from your LAN and destined for the Internet will be routed to the PCs default gateway the LAN interface then to the ADSL2 Router s default gateway the WAN interface and then to the WAN interface s gateway the ISP s access server In the System View page in the Home tab the Mode field will reflect Routing With no bridging services enabled non IP packets will be ignored 73 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Scenario 2 Bridged Connection to ISP In this configuration your ISP requires you to configure a bridged Internet connection For a bridged Internet connection the WAN inte
36. networks or subnets if you connect to two or more ISP services or if you connect to a remote corporate LAN 99 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing the IP Routing Table All IP enabled computers and routers maintain a table of IP addresses that are commonly accessed by their users For each of these destination IP addresses the table lists the IP address of the first hop the data should take This table is known as the device s routing table To view the ADSL2 Router s routing table click the Routing tab The IP Route page displays by default IP tinal table Tre Bara re aterese oe Iba nie MAI AE AIS AM Pas rasneces cent dive Ma Avteceed ye yrr sarotr ahan y emy bran fat ne am PAA cA cee ha a an m am tyre Avr nearer rrira EAN carrer M Ire A SNA mr a e are Figure 40 IP Route Table Page The IP Route Table displays a row for each existing route These include routes that were predefined on the device routes you may have added and routes that the device has identified automatically through communication with other devices The routing table should reflect a default gateway which directs outbound Internet traffic to your ISP This default gateway is shown in the row containing destination address 0 0 0 0 100 The following table defines the fields in the IP Routing Table Field Destination Description Specifies the IP address of the destination computer The destination can specified
37. of the packet specified in hexadecimal starting at the header and offset location that should be used when comparing data to this rule A mask of FOFF for example would look only at the 1st 3rd and 4th bits from the starting location 145 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Field Description Cmp Type Comparison Type The method for comparing the selected bits after the mask is applied to a reference value or range of values that you specify see the next setting Compared to the reference value the selected bits can be eq equal to neq not equal to It less than lteq less than or equal to gt greater than gteq greater than or equal to range any source IP address that is within the specified range including its endpoints o any all packets of any type will match this subrule This selection makes irrelevant any other criteria in the subrule WARNING The comparison type any should only be used when all packets of any type are to be accepted or denied This selection combined with a tule type that denies matching packets may disable your access to the Web interface O gt 0 OO 0g Lower The reference values in hexadecimal to which the Value Higher selected bits will be compared If range is selected as Value the comparison type enter values in both fields otherwise enter a value only in the Lower Value field 7 When you are finished entering criteria and are ready to m
38. or the Internet Protocol over ATM IPoA Be sure to create the specific type of WAN interface your ISP requires The following section describes configuring the AMT interface properties After you have defined these properties you can configure one of the higher level WAN interfaces to enable communication with your ISP as described in the subsequent sections 49 ADSL2 Router User s Guide v Note Configuring the AIM VC The device is preconfigured with an ATM VC interface called aal5 0 You may need to change the default VC values associated with the interface to values assigned by your ISP To view the current values log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click ATM VC in the task bar The ATM VC Configuration page displays ATI C Configuration nis Pac 3 usedce view end orfigu e 4171 vis Figure 14 ATM VC Configuration Page The Quick Start instructions in Chapter 2 also include ATM interface configuration via Configuration Manager s Quick Configuration page You can use either page to configure the required values The ATM VC Configuration table displays the following fields Field Description Interface The name of the ATM interface to which these VC properties apply The ATM interface names identify the type of traffic that can be supported such as data or voice Internet data services typically use an AAL5 type interface Vpi Vci and Mux These settings i
39. right click on the icon corresponding to your network interface card NIC and select Properties Often this icon is labeled Local Area Connection The Local Area Connection dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network items 4 Ensure that the check box to the left of the item labeled Internet Protocol TCP IP is checked and click Properties 5 Inthe Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically Also click the radio button labeled Obtain DNS server address automatically 6 Click twice to confirm your changes and close the Control Panel 16 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Windows 2000 PCs First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon In the Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Local Area Connection icon and then select Properties The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components If the list includes Internet Protocol TCP IP then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 10 If Internet Protocol TCP IP does not display as an installed component click In the Select Network Component Type dialog box select Protocol and then click Dau Select Internet
40. such as yahoo com or mydomain net 3 Click Submit In a few seconds the lower table will display values indicating the results after 4 ping packets have been transmitted If a connection is detected the Packets Received value will also equal 4 If no connection can be detected after 4 attempts then the Packets Received value will be 0 and the Percent Packet Loss will be 100 165 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Using the Traceroute Utility You can use the traceroute utility to view the IP addresses of all the hops that an IP packet makes from the ADSL2 Router on its way to an Internet destination You can use the results of a traceroute to determine where a delay or transmission error is occurring The traceroute utility sends a specified number of ping or UDP packets 3 by default to the first router in the path toward the specified destination computer These packets carry a time to live TTL value of 1 The TTL value is a counter which is reduced by 1 by each router that receives the packet The first receiving router reduces the TTL from 1 to 0 and responds with an ICMP message indicating that the packet has been discarded The receipt of this message enables the ADSL2 Router to determine that the ping UDP packets reached the initial router and the packet s approximate time in transit The traceroute utility then sends out packets with a TTL of 2 The First router that receives the packet reduces the TTL to 1
41. the Blacklist on page 130 Black List Period min Specifies the number of minutes that a computer s IP address will remain on the blacklist i e all traffic originating from that computer will be blocked from passing through any interface on the ADSL Ethernet router Attack Protection Click the Enable radio button to use the built in firewall protections that prevent the following common types of attacks o IP Spoofing Sending packets over the WAN interface using an internal LAN IP address as the source address o Tear Drop Sending packets that contain overlapping fragments o Smurf and Fraggle Sending packets that use the WAN or LAN IP broadcast address as the source address o Land Attack Sending packets that use the same address as the source and destination address o Ping of Death Illegal IP packet length DoS Protection Click the Enable radio button to use the following denial of service protections o SYN DoS o ICMP DoS o Per host DoS protection Max Half open TCP Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP sessions that can be in the half open state In ordinary TCP communication packets are in the half open state only briefly as a connection is being initiated the state changes to active when packets are being exchanged or closed when the exchange is complete TCP connections in the half open state can use up the available IP sessions If the percentage is exceeded then
42. the ADSL2 Router to examine each data packet it receives to determine whether it meets criteria set forth in the rule The criteria can include the size of the packet the network or internet protocol it carries the direction in which it is traveling for example from the LAN to the Internet or vice versa the IP address of the sending computer the destination IP address and other characteristics of the packet data If the packet matches the criteria established in a rule the packet can either be accepted forwarded towards its destination or denied discarded depending on the action specified in the rule Viewing Your IP FilterC onfiguration To view your current IP filter configuration log into Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click IP Filter in the task bar The IP Filter Confirmation page displays P Alter Gomficuratior T ire E EE cet El e en T E E et E ei rh PARIE Mh fy tH Ee h Y a Stats a v oh an i Eg Niy P ol z Fv ooh y Yi ol ila l a a a a 3 su a a a PING E Yv id Figure 58 IP Filter Confirmation Page The IP Filter Configuration page displays global settings that you can modify and the IP filter rule table which shows all currently established rules See Creating IP Filter Rules on page 134 fora description of the items that make up a rule When rules are defined you can use the icons t
43. the PPP Configuration Page click Add The PPP Interface Add page displays PPP Interface Add PPP ir ertece ary be interfoce Sec Type States Pratocah Service Mame BED ES DizzHe C Enabl ise DNS G Disztle Enable Oevawt Apate eee Seant In nation f amp Paz CHOF Security Protocol Logie Same Password Figure 19 PPP Interface Add Page 2 Select a PPP interface name from the drop down list and then enter or select data for each field The fields are defined in the tables on page 54 and 56 3 Click Submit A page displays to confirm your changes 4 Click Close return to the PPP page and view the new interface in the table 5 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 58 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Configuring EoA Interfaces The Ethernet over ATM EoA protocol is often referred to as RFC1483 which is the Internet specification that defines it It is commonly used to carry data from an Ethernet based local area network over the ATM based wide area network Unlike PPP EoA can be implemented to provide a bridged connection between a DSL modem and the ISP In a bridged connection data is shared between the ISP s network and their customer s as if the networks were on the same physical LAN Bridged connections do not use the IP protocol EoA can als
44. to prevent the ADSL Ethernet router from passing any data that uses a particular protocol Unlike the IP filter feature you cannot specify additional criteria for blocked protocols such as particular users or destinations However when you are certain that a particular protocol is not needed or wanted on your network this feature provides a convenient way to discard such data before it is passed To display the Blocked Protocols page click the Services tab and then click Blocked Protocols in the task bar The Blocked Protocols page displays Blocked Protocols This page is used to Block UnBlock the protocols running across the system IP 6 Multicast 802 1 submit f refresh I Help Figure 65 Blocked Protocols Page Blocking certain protocols may disrupt or disable your network communication or Internet access If you are unfamiliar with how your network or Internet connection uses these protocols contact your ISP before disabling The following list describes each of the available protocols Protocol Description PPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet Many DSL modems use PPoE to establish and maintain a connection with a service provider PPoE provides a means of logging in to the ISPs servers so that they can authenticate you as a customer and provide you access to the Internet Check with your ISP before blocking this protocol 149 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Pr
45. used on the connection such as TCP UDP IGMP etc VF The interface on which the IP filter rule is effective IP Address The IP addresses involved in the communication The first one shown is the initiator of the communication Port The hardware addresses of the ports involved in the communication In Out Rule Index The number of the IP filter rule that applies to this session assigned when the rule was created In Out Action The action accept deny or unknown being taken on data coming into or going out from the interface This action is specified in the rule definition Actions Provides an icon you can click on iH to delete the IP session When you delete a session the communication is discontinued You can click _Refresh_ to display newly accumulated data 141 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring Bridge Filters Bridge filter rules can be created to control the forwarding of incoming and outgoing data between your LAN and the Internet and within your LAN Bridge filter rules make decisions based on the structure of the layer 2 data packets e g Ethernet packets sent or received on the device interfaces unlike IP filter rules which are based on the structure of layer 3 e g IP packets Bridge filtering is also referred to as raw filtering When the bridge filtering feature is enabled the bridge router examines each incoming layer 2 packet and compares it to the bridge filter rule
46. web pages on the Internet Verify that the DNS server IP address specified on the PCs is correct for your ISP as discussed in the item above If you specified that the DNS server be assigned dynamically from a server then verify with your ISP that the address configured on the ADSL2 Router is correct then You can use the ping utility described on page 165 to test connectivity with your ISP s DNS server Configuration Manager Program I forgotv lost my Configuration Manager user ID or password If you have not changed the password from the default try using root as both the user ID and password Otherwise you can reset the device to the default configuration by pressing the Reset button on the back panel of the device three times using a pointed object such as a pen tip Then type the default User ID and password shown above WARNING Resetting the device removes any custom settings and returns all settings to their default values I cannot access the Configuration Manager program from my web browser Use the ping utility discussed in the following section to check whether your PC can communicate with the ADSL2 Router s LAN IP address by default 192 168 1 1 If it cannot check the Ethernet cabling Verify that you are using Internet Explorer v5 0 or later or Netscape Navigator v6 1 or later Support for Javascript must be enabled in your browser Support for Java may also be required
47. will need to begin using the ADSL2 Router Read the chapters in Part 1 before attempting to use or configure the device Depending on your LAN and Internet connection requirements no additional configuration may be needed before you begin using the device Part 2 Interfaces and Operating Modes describes the available operating modes and how to configure them Part 2 also provides detailed configuration instructions for each of the ADSL2 Router s interfaces Part 3 Routing and IP Related Features provides configuration instructions and detailed information on using the ADSL2 Router routing features such as DHCP server DNS relay and IP routes Part 4 Security Features describes how to configure Network Address Translation NAT and the embedded firewall and how to create your own data filters Part 5 Administrative Tasks and System Monitoring provides instructions for network and system administrators on controlling access to the ADSL2 Router s configuration software viewing system performance statistics diagnosing problems upgrading the system software managing the configuration and configuring special features The document s appendices explain basic Internet and networking concepts and provide solutions to common troubleshooting issues 10 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Part 1 Getting Started Part 1 Getting Started ADSL2 Router User s Guide About Part 1 Part 1
48. 2 If necessary change the Age and Update Time values These are global settings for all interfaces that use RIP N Ageis the amount of time in seconds that the device s RIP table will retain each route that it learns from adjacent computers Update Time specifies how frequently the ADSL2 Router will send out its routing table to its neighbors 3 Inthe IFName column select the name of the interface on which you want to enable RIP For communication with RIP enabled devices on your LAN select the LAN interface usually eth 0 For communication with your ISP or a remote LAN select the PPP EoA or other WAN interface used for that connection See page 83 for a description of various interfaces and their names 4 Select a metric value for the interface RIP uses a hop count as a way to determine the best path to a given destination in the network The hop count is the sum of 104 the metric values assigned to each port through which data is passed before reaching the destination Among several alternative routes the one with the lowest hop countis considered the fastest path For example if you assign this port a metric of 1 then RIP will add 1 to the hop count when calculating a route that passes through this port If you know that communication via this interface is slower than through other interfaces on your network you can assign it a higher metric value than the others You can select any integ
49. A in the task bar Click 94 The EoA Interface Add page displays EQOA Interface Add EOS Information EDA Interface ez Irgeritace Sec Type F gt Ej Lower Interface ezen conf iP Address fo k p po Netmas fc E E p C zabe dse Phop Pf e aae amp salle Gatewep IF doodresr Zz i p Subm isi Figure 21 EoA Interface Add Page Default Rote Select one of the predefined interface names from the EoA Interface drop down list From the Interface Sec Type drop down list select the level of IP Firewall to be used on this interface as defined on page 60 In the Lower Interface field select the lower level interface name over which this protocol is being configured If the interface will be used to provide only a bridged connection to your ISP skip to step 8 6 If you are creating the EoA interface to provide a routed Internet connection enter the IP address for the interface in the Conf IP Address field and enter the network mask This address serves as the public IP address for your entire LAN and is usually assigned by your ISP 61 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 7 10 11 12 13 If your ISP will assign the IP address from their DHCP server click the Enable radio button in the Use DHCP field When DHCP is enabled the address you entered in the Conf IP Address field will be requested from the DHCP server the server many assig
50. ADSL2 Router User s Guide Rev 1 July 2005 Table of Contents 1 Getting to KNOW sssssssssunnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nne 13 REEE EEA 13 System Requirements cccccceccceceseceseseeeseeeeeeseeeseeeseeeeees 13 Parts Check siccntaathe iaa n aeda ae 13 2 QUICK Startnina iiaeiai eieuta iinis 14 Quick Start Part 1 Connecting the Hardware 14 Step 1 Connect the ADSL cable ceeeee 14 Step 2 Connect the Ethernet cable ee 14 Step 3 Install USB software and connect the USB cable optional ces eesesesseseeeeeseeeeeeseseseeeneees 14 Step 4 Attach the power CONNECHOM ceeee 15 Step 5 Turn on the ADSL2 Router and power UP YOUF SYSTOMS eee eeeteeeeteeeeetetaeteeeeeeteee 15 Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers 16 Before YOU DOQIN es eseeceseseeeseeeeseseeeeseseeeeteaeseeeeaeaeees 16 Windows XP PCS ccceeseeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeseeeeeeeees 16 Windows 2000 PCS csccscseeceseeeseeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeneeaees 17 Windows ME PCS ccsecececeseseseeeseeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeseeesees 18 Windows 95 98 PCS cccsssssssesscccsssscsessesseeceeseeeeseeees 19 Windows NT 4 0 workstations eseeceeeeeteeeeees 20 Assigning static Internet information to your PGS rele teeta Atal aah Ciao i ate Mela 21 Connecting a computer to the USB porrt 22 Logging in to the ADSL2
51. CP When enabled this setting instructs the device to accept IP information assigned dynamically by your ISP s DHCP server If the interface will be used for bridging with your ISP and you will not be routing data through it leave this checkbox unselected Default Route Indicates whether the ADSL2 Router uses the IP address assigned to this interface if any as its default route for your LAN Your system can have only one default route See Chapter 10 for an explanation of default routes Gateway Address The external IP address that the ADSL Ethernet router communicates with via the EoA interface to gain access to the Internet This is typically an ISP server 60 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Field Description Status A green or red ball will display to indicate that the interface is currently up or down respectively You cannot manually enable or disable the interface a red ball may indicate a problem with the DSL connection or the connection to the ISPs access server Action Icons you can click on to edit 4f or delete i the associated EoA interface Not all settings are available on the EoA Interface Modify page To modify the other settings you must delete the interface and create a new one Be sure to submit and commit your changes if you make modifications Adding EoA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an EoA interface 1 2 Click the WAN tab and then click EO
52. Configured IP Address in Configuration Manager The configured IP address is requested during communication with the DHCP server If the configured IP address is not available then system will accept another address from the server Even if another number is assigned the same configured IP address will continue to display in this field If you are using IGMP on your network click the IGMP Enable radio button see the explanation of IGMP on page 46 Click Submit 46 Chapter 2 About Part 2 N If you changed the LAN IP address while working from a PC that is connected to the device via Ethernet then your connection will be terminated Ifyou changed the LAN IP address while working from a PC connected to the device via USB a page will display to confirm your change and your connection will remain active Ifyou enabled the DHCP service the ADSL Ethernet router will initiate a request for an IP address from your LAN s DHCP server If a different IP address is assigned than was previously configured your current connection will be terminated Reconfigure your PCs if necessary so that their IP addresses place them in the same subnet as the new IP address of the LAN interface See Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions Log into Configuration Manager by typing the new IP address in your Web browser s address location box If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instr
53. DSL2 Router User s Guide 7 Click You are now finished installing the driver You do not need to restart your computer Proceed to USB Driver Installation Part 2 to configure IP properties on the USB PC The DSL Installer is searching for installed hardware If your modem is not yet plugged in to your computer please plug it in now Figure 4 USB Setup Wizard Prompt for Hardware Plug In Connect the USB cable to the ADSL Ethernet router and to your computer The provided USB cable provided has a flat connector on one end called Type A and a square connector on the other Type B Connect the flat connector to your PC and the square connector to the ADSL2 Router See Figure 5 To ADSL To PC Ethernet router Figure 5 USB Cable Connectors If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box again displays click Yes to continue A window displays briefly indicating that the system has found new hardware and the Finished page displays to complete the installation s DSL Modem Setup Wizard E xj Finished Cone elector 3 Ths I5 Y ader EA izat Fas corp eed fe irsta alico Erjcy yoa res CSL ccarest an 24 Chapter 1 About Part 1 USB Driver Installation Part 2 Configuring IP properties on the USB PC Now that the USB driver installation is complete you must configure the USB PC so that its IP properties place it in the same subnet as the ADSL2 Router s USB port There are two ways t
54. That switchboard looks at the area code you dialed and connects you with another switchboard that serves that area This new switchboard in turn may look at the prefix in the number you dialed the middle set of three numbers and connect to a more localized switchboard that handles numbers with that prefix This final switchboard can then look at the last four digits of the phone number to open a connection with the person or company you dialed In comparison when your computer initiates communication over the Internet such as viewing a web page connecting to an web server the data it sends out includes the IP address of the destination computer the phone number All your outgoing requests first go to the same router at your ISP the first switchboard That router looks at the network ID portion of the destination address the area code and determines which next router to send the request to After several such passes the request arrives at a router for the destination network which then uses the host ID portion of the destination IP address the local phone number to route the request to the appropriate computer The network ID and host ID portions of IP addresses are explained in Appendix A With both the telephone and the computer all transactions are initially sent to the same switchboard or router which serves as a gateway to other higher or lower level devices No single device knows at the outset the
55. Verify that the PC s IP address is defined as being on the same subnet as the IP address assigned to the LAN interface on the ADSL2 Router My changes to Configuration Manager are not being retained Be sure to use the Commit function after any changes This function is described on page 39 180
56. a DHCP client If you followed the Quick Start instructions you either configured each LAN PC with an IP address or you specified that it will receive IP information dynamically automatically If you chose to have the information assigned dynamically then you configured your PCs as DHCP clients that will accept IP addresses assigned from a DCHP server such as the ADSL2 Router The DHCP server draws from a defined pool of IP addresses and leases them for a specified amount of time to your computers when they log onto the network It monitors collects and redistributes the addresses as needed On a DHCP enabled network the IP information is assigned dynamically rather than statically ADHCP client can be assigned a different address from the pool each time it reconnects to the network Why use DHCP DHCP allows you to manage and distribute IP addresses throughout your network from a central computer Without DHCP you would have to configure each computer separately with IP addresses and related information DHCP is commonly used with large networks and those that are frequently expanded or otherwise updated 85 ADSL2 Router User s Guide ADS12 Router DHCP modes The device can be configured as a DHCP server relay agent or client N If you configure the device as a DHCP server it will maintain the pool of addresses and distribute them to your LAN computers If the pool of addresses includes private IP addr
57. a the WAN port so that the ISP can perform configuration tasks To enable WAN access display the Management Control page by clicking Management Control in the Admin tab Management Control Use this page to control to this devit inactivity TimeOut mins TEE Figure 69 Management Control Page The table on this page provides a check box to enable or disable HTTP i e Web browser based access to the configuration program through the WAN port In the Inactivity TimeOut text box you can specify a length of time in minutes after which external access will be blocked assuming that there is no access during that time If you want your changes to be in effect the next time you log in click Submit If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 156 Configuring SNMP The Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP enables a host computer to access configuration performance and other system data that resides in a database on the modem The host computer is called a management station and the modem is called an SNMP agent The data that can be accessed via SNMP is stored in a Management Information Database or MIB on the modem When SNMP is enabled the modem responds to SNMP requests from the host The host may ask to read data from the MIB or when its privileges allow write data to it Privilege levels are defined by the SNMP communities configured on the modem A comm
58. ables Internet Access My PC cannot access Internet Use the ping utility described on page 165 to check whether your PC can communicate with the ADSL2 Router s LAN IP address by default 192 168 1 1 If it cannot check the Ethernet cabling If you statically assigned a private IP address to the computer not a registered public address verify the following e Check that the gateway IP address on the computer is your public IP address see Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions If it is not correct the address or configure the PC to receive IP information automatically e Verify with your ISP that the DNS server 179 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion specified for the PC is valid Correct the address or configure the PC to receive this information automatically e Verify that a Network Address Translation rule has been defined on the ADSL2 Router to translate the private address to your public IP address The assigned IP address must be within the range specified in the NAT rules see Chapter 4 Or configure the PC to accept an address assigned by another device see Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers The default configuration includes a NAT rule for all dynamically assigned addresses within a predefined pool see the instructions in Chapter 8 to view the address pool My LAN PCs cannot display
59. age 6 Follow the instructions in Setting the DHCP Mode to set the DHCP mode to DHCP Relay Setting the DHCP Mode You must enable the appropriate DHCP mode to activate your DHCP relay or DHCP server settings Follow these instructions to set the DHCP mode Click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Mode in the task bar The DHCP Configuration page displays 1 Figure 38 DHCP Configuration Page From the DHCP Mode drop down list choose DHCP Server DHCP Relay or None If you choose none your LAN computers must be configured with static IP addresses Click Submit If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 93 9 Configuring DNS Server Addresses About DNS Domain Name System DNS servers map the user friendly domain names that users type into their Web browsers e g yahoo com to the equivalent numerical IP addresses that are used for Internet routing When a PC user types a domain name into a browser the PC must first send a request to a DNS server to obtain the equivalent IP address The DNS server will attempt to look up the domain name in its own database and will communicate with higher level DNS servers when the name cannot be found locally When the address is found it is sent back to the requesting PC and is referenced in IP packets for the remainder of the communication Assigning DNS Addresses to PCs Multiple DNS addresses are useful to prov
60. age select the Enable radio button and click ean If a rule is enabled but none of its subrules are enabled then the rule will have no effect on network traffic A rule can be in effect however when some of its subrules are disabled If want your changes to be permanent be sure to commit them see Committing Changes on page 39 Bridge Filter Rule Example The following instructions create a rule for preventing Telnet access to the device from a specific WAN interface l Add rule 100 with the following settings Interface ppp 0 Direction Incoming N Action Accept Click the Enable radio button at the top of the Bridge Filter Rule Add page and then click _Submit_ Add subrule 1 with the following settings Offset 2 Offset from TCP Header Mask OxOFFF Cmp Type eq Lower Value 0x0017 The hexadecimal number 0x0017 is binary port number 23 the well known port number for Telnet packets Click the Enable radio button at the top of the Bridge Filter Submit 2 2 2 2 Z Subrule Add page and then click If necessary enable the Bridge Filter Service by clicking the Enable radio button at the top of the Bridge Filter Configuration page All TCP packets incoming on the ppp 0 interface will now be dropped 147 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Editing and Deleting Rulesand Subrules In the table on the Bridge Filter Rule page the following items display in the Actions colum
61. agency Class C networks are the smallest only able to hold 254 hosts at most but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million 2 097 152 to be exact LANs connected to the Internet are usually class C networks Some important notes regarding IP addresses The class can be determined easily from field1 field1 1 126 Class A field1 128 191 Class B field1 192 223 Class C field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses A host ID can have any value except all fields set to 0 or all fields set to 255 as those values are reserved for special uses Subnet masks A mask looks like a regular IP address but contains a pattern of bits that tells what parts of an IP address are the network ID and what parts are the host ID bits set to 1 mean this bit is part of the network ID and bits set to 0 mean this bit is part of the host ID Subnet masks are used to define subnets what you get after dividing a network into smaller pieces A subnet s network ID is created by borrowing one or more bits from the host ID portion of the address The subnet mask identifies these host ID bits For example consider a class C network 192 168 1 To split this into two subnets you would use the subnet mask 255 255 255 128 It s easier to see what s happening if we write this in binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000 As with any class C address all of the bits in field1 through field 3 are part of
62. ake this subrule effective you can click the Enable radio button at the top of the Bridge Filter Subrule Add page and then click Suan You could also leave it disabled and edit the subrule to enable it later A page displays to confirm your changes 8 Click Close return to the Bridge Filter Configuration Page The subrule should now display in the table beneath the general rule it was added to Next if you have not already done so you can enable the rule any of its subrules and the bridge filtering service in order to make the rule effective On the Bridge Filter Configuration page a red ball displays in the Oper Status column of the table for rules and subrules that are disabled and a green ball displays for rules that are enabled When creating rules and their subrules you may have chosen to leave them disabled the default To make a rule active enable the following three settings N The Bridge Filter service At the top of the Bridge Filter Configuration page click the Enable radio button The rule On the Bridge Filter Configuration page click in the Actions column in the row for the rule On the Bridge 146 Filter Rule Modify page select the Enable radio button and click _Submit N Atleast one subrule On the Bridge Filter Configuration page you can enable a subrule by editing it Click in the Actions column in the row for the subrule On the Bridge Filter Subrule Modify p
63. an Click the Enable radio button in the Use DHCP field to have the IP address dynamically assigned from the server 7 If you want the IPoA interface to serve as the default route for your LAN click the Enable radio button in the Default Route field Only one WAN interface can be selected as the default route 8 Inthe Gateway IP Address field enter the address of the Internet computer to contact to gain initial access to the Internet 66 Chapter 2 About Part 2 9 Click Submit A confirmation page will display to confirm your changes 10 Click Close return to the IPoA page and view the new interface in the table IPoA interfaces must be mapped to a lower ATM VC interface before they can be used Follow these instructions to map and IPoA interface to an ATM VC 11 In the IPoA interface table click mMaP in the row corresponding to the IPoA interface you want to map The IPoA Map Information page displays IPo Interface Map Figure 26 IPoA Interface Map Page 12 From the Lower Interface drop down list select the ATM VC interface you want to map the IPoA interface to and then click Add 13 Click Close i return to the IPoA Configuration page 14 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them To view all IPoA to ATM VC interface mappings click Map at the bottom of the IPoA Configuration page not in the table The IPoA Interface
64. arms and DSL line performance and how to runa diagnostic program to troubleshoot problems Viewing System Alarms You can use the Configuration Manager to view information about alarms that occur in the system Alarms also called traps are caused by a variety of system events including connection attempts resets and configuration changes This information may be helpful in working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems you encounter with the device Despite their name not all alarms indicate problems in the functioning of the system Viewing the Alam Table To display the Alarm page log into the Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Alarm in the task bar The Alarm page is shown in Figure 72 were Sze dsl or Is Cf e encs ca ce a ats Tha a OL 20 07 07 1270 ETATIS 4_ RH S che U Figure 72 Alarm Page Each row in the table displays the time and date that an alarm occurred the type of alarm and a brief statement indicating its cause You can click on the Refresh Rate drop down list to selecta recurring time interval after which the page will redisplay with new data You can click _Save Alarm to display a Windows File Download dialog box that enables opening or saving the contents of the log to your PC The file is assigned the default name alarm vif and can be viewed with any text editor To remove all entries from the list click Clear New entries will begin accumulati
65. as the IP address of a specific computer or an entire network It can also be specified as all zeros to indicate that this route should be used for all destinations for which no other route is defined this is the route that creates the default gateway Netmask Indicates which parts of the destination address refer to the network and which parts refer to a computer on the network Refer to Appendix A for an explanation of network masks The default gateway uses a netmask of 0 0 0 0 NextHop Specifies the nextIP address to send data to when its final destination is that shown in the destination column IFName Displays the name of the interface on the device through which data is forwarded to the specified next hop Route Type Indicates whether the route is direct or indirect Ina direct route the source and destination computers are on the same network and the router attempts to directly deliver the data to the computer In an indirect route the source and destination computers are on different networks and the router forwards data to a device on another network for further handling Route Origin Displays how the route was defined Dynamic indicates that the route was created automatically or predefined by your ISP or the manufacturer Routes you create are labeled Local Other routes may be created automatically using RIP as described in Chapter 11 or defined remotely through various network manageme
66. ased on the Internet Protocol and use IP addresses to identify where to send data Unlike a MAC address an IP address is not permanently associated with a particular piece of hardware but is assigned to a computer by its user or by an administrator or an automated mechanism called DHCP Within a group of networked computers a router can associate each PC s assigned IP address with its MAC address When a PC initiates communication through the router outside the network the router sends out IP packets to the Internet on behalf of the PC revealing only the PC s IP address As IP packets are received in response the router reconciles the IP address with the PCs MAC address and sends Ethernet MAC layer packets on the network for the PC to claim Because they use a standardized higher layer protocol for inter network communication routers can connect two or more networks even when their underlying MAC layer protocols differ Routers are considered more intelligent and flexible devices than bridges and often provide a variety of security and network administration services based on the IP protocols For a more detailed description of how routers pass data see Chapter 10 69 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Overview of System Operating Modes The ADSL2 Router can operate in Bridging mode Routing mode or Routing and Bridging mode You can view the currently configured mode in the System View table on the Home page as shown
67. atures c cee 76 Configuring WAN to WAN Bridging sceeeeeeee 76 Configuring Bridge Router AutoSense BRAS Mode reena aa ete eae pes On eae 77 Configuring ZIPB Mode sssececesseseseseeteeesteeeeeeeeeees 78 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance SEALS TCS airin iieri cantcusinteauets WecivaianGoasdentuneedas 83 Viewing the ADSL2 Router s IP Addresses 0 83 Viewing IP Performance Statistics eee 84 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol E dudaat iardde demstuuaaws duaduaasaxuseh cuawievauedeaseizinetacad 85 Overview Of DHCP eeeeeeseesesecesseseceeteseeeceeseseeeeeseeseneseetenens 85 What iS DHCP cscecseseesescsesseeeeseseesesseseeseesesesaeeenseeaeens 85 Why USC DHCP eeeseececseseceeeeeeeeeeeseensesseeneneseetenseneees 85 ADSL2 Router DHCP modes eeeseseeceeeeeeeeteeeeees 86 Configuring DHCP Servet eesesssesseeseseeeesesesteseseeeeseseees 87 Guidelines for creating DHCP server address DOOIS ttt need ali ane 87 Adding DHCP Server Address Pools 0 00 88 Viewing modifying and deleting address POO ONS a sc sctie Banks ease E eieehs wns ndeaaee 90 Excluding IP addresses from a pool eeeeseeeeeeeees 91 Viewing current DHCP address assignments 91 Configuring DHCP Relay 0 0 seseesseseeeseseeseseseseeseseeeeseaeees 92 Setting the DHCP Mode eseeecssseeeeeteteeeeeetteeeseeteneeeetes 93 Table of Contents 10 11
68. ceeeeeeesseeeeneaeeteteneeeeees 168 Upgrading Using an Image Stored Locally 168 Uploading an Image Stored Remotely 169 Storing and Restoring Configuration Settings 170 Modifying Port Settings ccccccessseeeeeeeseeeeeees 172 Overview of IP port NUMDEIS esseeeeeeteeeeteteeteesteeeeteeees 172 Modifying the ADSL2 Router s Port Numbers 172 Configuring AUtOdetect ececcesseeeeereeeeeeees 174 How Autodetect WOMKS cssseceseececeessseeeeseaseeensseeeeteneaeeees 174 Autodetect Modes 0 0 sssscscssssssceseseeseseseeseseeeseeseeeseeaeseeeaeaes 174 Configuring AUtOete Ct eeseeceseeteceseeteteetsetetseseeeeteeees 175 IP Addresses Network Masks and SU ODK e P EEEN sence ha oan tate nie 176 IP AGG SSCS ni innana tin aiiaaabeadt atin dia 176 Structure of an IP AddreSS e wees eee ceseeee cence 176 Network ClaSS S uo cccceccsscesescescsscsssesseessssessessesesseseeases 177 Subnet masks Troubleshooting About this User s Guide This User s Guide shows you how to set up the ADSL2 Router and its configuration to meet the needs of your network and Internet connection type This document is organized in five major parts each containing several chapters N za za za Part 1 Getting Started describes the product features provides quick start setup instructions and explains basic configuration information you
69. ctivity The PPP communication timed out in accordance with the timeout period specified on the PPP Configuration page o Auth Failure The ISP could not authorize the connection based on the user name and or password provided o PADT Recvd The ISP issued a special packet type to terminate the PPP connection o VC down The Virtual Circuit between the device and the ISP is down o internal failure A system software failure occurred DNS The IP address of the DNS server located with your ISP used on this PPP connection SDNS The IP address of the secondary DNS server located with your ISP used on this PPP connection Security The type of PPP security your ISP uses PAP Password Protocol Authentication Protocol or CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Login Name The name you use to log in to your ISP each time this PPP connection is established 57 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Adding a PPP Interface Follow this procedure to add a PPP interface If you need to use more than one PPP connection you may be able to create multiple PPP interfaces The number and type of PPP interfaces you can create depends on the lower level ATM VC interface type LLC Mux or VC Mux the Max Protocol setting for the ATM VC interface the PPP interface type you want to create PPPoA or PPPoE and whether other WAN interface types have already been configured EoA or IPoA Contact your ISP for assistance 1 From
70. d offering EoA type connections described on page 59 Contact your ISP before changing the preconfigured WAN interface type Viewing YourC urent PPP Configuration To view your current PPP setup log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click PPP in the task bar The Point to Point Protocol PPP Configuration page displays Point to Pair Protocol PPP Corfigureticn Figure 17 Point to Point Protocol PPP Configuration Page A PPP interface is configured as a group of software settings associated with an ATM VC interface Each PPP interface is given a name such as ppp 0 ppp 1 Users typically need only one PPP interface in some cases multiple interfaces are created to allow the user to log on to more than one account with the ISP 53 ADSL2 Router User s Guide You can configure the following settings on the PPP Configuration page N Z Inactivity TimeOut The time in minutes that must elapse before a PPP connection times out due to inactivity This setting applies only to PPP interfaces that are configured as start on data interfaces This type of interface starts up only when it receives data and then returns to a down state after the specified amount of time see the status field on page 56 This setting works with the following setting to determine what type of data can activate a start on data interface Ignore WAN to LAN traffic while monitoring inactivity When enabled
71. dd Page select FILTER as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID 2 Select the interface on which this rule will be effective 123 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ANY This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ANY if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP ora number from 1 255 that represents the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA specified protocol number In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the starting and ending IP addresses that identify the range of private address you want to be translated Or type the same address in both fields If you specify a range each address will be translated in sequence to a corresponding address in a range of global addresses which you specify in step 5 The address or range of addresses should correspond to private address or addresses already in use on your network These may be assigned statically to your PCs or dynamically using DHCP as discussed in the Quick Start chapter In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the starting and ending address that identify the range of public IP addresses to translate your private addresses to Or type the same address in both fields if you also specified a single address in step 4 In the Destination Address From To fields specify a destinat
72. ddress 192 168 1 1 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 DHCP server pool of addresses 192 168 1 3 through 192 168 1 34 The LAN interface connects the device to your Ethernet network Typically you will not need to change the IP address See Chapter 4 for instructions The DHCP service see Chapter 8 is enabled for operation over this interface with a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your LAN computers To use this service you must set up your computers to accept IP information dynamically as described in Quick Start Part 2 USB Static IP address 192 168 1 2 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 The USB interface can connect to a single USB enabled computer with an IP address in the same subnet See Chapter 4 for instructions WAN interface connecting to the Internet ATM VC VPI 0 VCl 35 The VPI and VCI values make up a VC virtual circuit that determines the path your data must take to connect over the phone lines to the ISP These values must be changed as directed by your ISP See Chapter 5 for more information PPP interface PPPoE interface Login guest Password guest The PPP interface determines the method of communication with your ISP and logging in to their servers A particular type of PPP interface PPP over Ethernet PPPoE is configured by default with the ISP login information shown See Configuring PPP Interfaces on page 53 for instructions on modifying this information as re
73. dentify a unique ATM data path for Type communication between your ADSL Ethernet router and your ISP Max Proto per If you are using an AAL5 type of interface this setting AAL5 indicates the number of higher level interfaces that the VC can support the higher level interfaces can be PPP EOA or IPoA interfaces Contact your ISP to determine which type they require Actions Displays icons you can click on to modify 4 and delete T the associated interface You cannot delete an ATM interface if another protocol such as PPP EoA or IPoA has been defined to operate over the ATM interface You must first delete the higher level interface 50 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Modifying AIM VCs Your device may contain placeholder values that you must change to establish an ATM connection Contact your ISP to determine your ATM VC values Follow these instructions to modify a preconfigured VC 1 From the ATM VC Configuration page click in the Actions column for the interface you want to modify The ATM VC Interface Modify page displays ATM C Interface Modify WC interface Mux Type Max Proto per AALS Figure 15 ATM VC Interface Modify Page Enter the new VPI and VCI values select the MUX type or change the maximum number of protocols that the VC can carry as directed by your ISP Click Submit On the confirmation page click _Close to return to the ATM VC Configuration pa
74. e any source IP address that is within the specified range including its endpoints out of range any source IP address that is outside the specified range self the IP address of the ADSL Ethernet router interface on which this rule takes effect beast destination address only Specifies that the rule will be invoked for any packets sent to the broadcast address for the receiving interface The broadcast address is used to send packets to all hosts on the LAN or subnet connected to the specified interface When you select this option you do not need to specify the address so the address fields are dimmed 136 Field Description Protocol The basic IP protocol criteria that must be met for rule to be invoked Using the options in the drop down list you can specify that packets must contain the selected protocol eq that they must not contain the specified protocol neq or that the rule can be invoked regardless of the protocol any TCP UDP and ICMP are common IP protocols others can be identified by number from 0 255 as defined by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Apply Stateful Inspection When this option is enabled packets are monitored for their state i e whether a packetis the initiating packet or a subsequent packet in an ongoing communication etc This option provides a degree of security by blocking dropping packets that are not received in the anticipated state
75. e on page 117 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select RDR as the Rule Flavor if necessary and enter a Rule ID Select the interface on which this rule will be effective Select a protocol to which this rule applies or choose ANY This selection specifies which type of Internet communication will be subject to this translation rule You can select ANY if the rule applies to all data Or select TCP UDP ICMP ora number from 1 255 that represents the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA specified protocol number In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the same private IP address or the lowest and highest addresses in a range N If you type the same IP address in both fields incoming traffic that matches the criteria you specify in steps 5 and 6 will be redirected to that IP address If you type a range of addresses incoming traffic will be redirected to any available computer in that range This option would typically be used for load balancing whereby traffic is distributed among several redundant servers to help ensure efficient network performance These addresses should correspond to private addresses already in use on your network either assigned statically to your PCs or assigned dynamically using DHCP as discussed in Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers In the Global Address From and Global Address T
76. e protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 11 If Internet Protocol TCP IP does not display as an installed component click Ladd In the Select Network Component Type dialog box select Protocol and then click Ladd Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers box Select Internet Protocol TCP IP in the Network Protocols list and then click ma You may be prompted to install files from your Windows Me installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files If prompted click ok to restart your computer with the new settings Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the ADSL2 Router 9 10 11 12 13 In the Control Panel double click the Network and Dial up Connections icon In Network and Dial up Connections window right click the Network icon and then select Properties In the Network Properties dialog box select TCP IP and Properties then click we In the TCP IP Settings dialog box click the radio button labeled Server assigned IP address Also click the radio button labeled Server assigned name server address Click x twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel 18 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Windows 95 98 PCs First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Network
77. e table select the privileges Read Only or Read Write to assign to all hosts that are part of this community 4 Click Add comm A page displays briefly to confirm your changes and then the SNMP Configuration page redisplays with the new entry Now you can add hosts to the new community Adding Hosts to Communities 1 Inthe Action column click _Add Host The SNMP Add Host page displays in a separate window SYMP Host Add SNMP Host Information fos Address fo fe kE Corwin hy Hame ise Figure 71 SNMP Host Add Page 2 Enter the IP address of the host computer you want to add Submit and click A page displays briefly to confirm the addition and the SNMP Add Host page redisplays 3 Continue adding hosts as required and click eabont when done The newly added hosts now have access to the MIB with the privilege level associated with the community Viewing Hosts To view all hosts and the communities to which they are assigned click Yiew Hosts Viewing Global SNMP Statistics To view statistics relating to SNMP packets received and sent and packet errors click __Glebal Stats on the main SNMP Configuration page The SNMP Global Statistics page shows the number and type of packets transmitted on the main SNMP Configuration page 158 1 6 Monitoring System Status and Performing Diagnostics This chapter shows you where to find information related to system events al
78. e the current configuration data to a file which you can later restore to system flash Upgrading the Image Your ISP may from time to time notify you that a software upgrade is available Upgrade files may be provided to you in two ways On a CD ROM or other media You can use Configuration Manager to upload the file from the CD ROM drive or your PC s hard drive or shared network drive to system flash On remote ISP server You can use Configuration Manager download the file and load it to system flash Upgrading Using an Image Stored Locally Follow this procedure if you have obtained an updated image from your ISP and stored the file on your PC CD ROM or other media 1 Insert the media containing the file in your PC s CD ROM disk drive You can access the file from there or copy it to your hard drive or to any shared network drive The name of the upgrade file must be either TEImage bin or TEPatch bin where represents any number of characters 2 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Local I mage Upgrade in the task bar The Local Image Upgrade page displays Local Image Upgrade is age is used bo upl zd a nea ize t 72 system Gpgrade Ave i oo Figure 81 Local Image Upgrade Page 3 Inthe Upgrade File text box type the path and file name of the file You can click B88 to search for it 168 4 Select the file and then click _Upload The f
79. ease type your user name and password Site 492 168 1 1 Realm User Name Password T Save this password in pour password list m Figure 8 Login Screen 2 Enter your user name and password and then click DK The first time you log into the program use these defaults Default User Name root Default Password root You can change the password at any time see Chapter 15 for Note instructions The System View page on the Home tab displays each time you log into the program shown in Figure 10 on page 33 32 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Functional Layout Configuration Manager tasks are grouped into categories which you can access by clicking the tabs at the top of each page Each tab displays the available tasks in a horizontal menu at the top of the page You can click on these menu items to display the specific configuration options Selected Tab Task har for this tah WAS Brdgiag Reutice Services Admin La Config DHCP Mode DHCP Server DHCP Relay LAY Configuratian se Whiz pag s2 the AH com yura cn sh gt cern es Pow yor de is ida2 the be remot System Mode Get LAN Addes LAN iP address LAN Vetwork Hask gt Speed Saptex Figure 9 Web Interface Functional Layout A new page displays when you click each task in the task bar The left most task displays by default when you click on a new tab The same task may appear in more than one tab w
80. ed X indicates that it is inactive o NAT Translates private IP addresses to your public IP address The type of NAT interface is indicated inside outside See Chapter 12 o IP Filter Allows setting up filtering rules that accept or deny incoming or outgoing data See Chapter 14 o RIP Enables router to router communication See Chapter 5 o DHCP Relay Enables dynamic assignment of IP information from your ISP to your computers See Chapter 8 o DHCP Client Enables dynamic assignment of IP information from your ISP or another computer on your network to the device s LAN interface See Chapter 4 o DHCP Server Enables dynamic assignment of IP information from the device s built in DHCP server to your LAN computers See Chapter 8 o IGMP Enables message forwarding from external sources such as your ISP based on the Internet Group Management Protocol 35 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Modifying Basic System Information You can modify the system date and time or configure the device to acquire this information from an ISP server You can also assign a name to the ADSL2 Router and to the network domain in which it resides Modifying the Date and Time orConfiguring SNIP You can set the system date and time manually or enable the SNTP feature so that the device acquires this information from an ISP server When you set the date and time manually the information will be held only as long a
81. ed in TCP Def Timeout UDP Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for UDP based communication sessions ICMP Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for ICMP based communication sessions GRE Timeout sec Same as TCP Idle Timeout but for GRE based communication sessions Default Nat Age sec For all other NAT translation sessions the number of seconds after which a translation session will no longer be valid if no packets are received NAPT Port Start End When an NAPT rule is defined the source ports will be translated to sequential numbers in this range If you change any values click _Submit Then click the Admin tab and commit your changes to permanent system memory see page 39 You can click __Slebal Stats to view accumulated data on how many NAT rules have been invoked and how much data has been translated A page displays similar to the one shown in Figure 45 112 NAT Rule Global Statistics Total Translation Sessions Sessions For FIP ALG Sessions For MMP ALG Sessions For feel Aude ALG Sessions For femote Caommand Sess oa Auber OF LOTE Ady Sessions amber Of MRT Alg Sessions Munker Of ICQ Alg Sessions umber OF CUCHE Alg Sessions umber OF BEEF QUST Alg Sersions Amber Of 7735 RAS AA Sessions seanber Of W327 R245 Aly Sessions faewiber Of H323 RTP Alg Sessions Member OF ICQ TCF Alg Sessions Aumber Of CHSEEME NOF Alg Sessions
82. ed to your computers For each leased address the table lists the following information Field Description IP Address The address that has been leased from the pool Netmask The network mask associated with the leased address This identifies the network ID and host ID portions of the address see Appendix A for an explanation of these terms Mac Address The unique hardware ID of the computer to which the IP address has been assigned Pool Start The lower boundary of the address pool shown here to identify the pool from which the leased address was assigned Address Type Can be Static or Dynamic Static indicates that the IP number has been assigned permanently to the specific hardware device Dynamic indicates that the number has been leased temporarily for a specified length of time Time Remaining The amount of time left for the device to use the assigned address The default lease time is 30 days 91 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring DHCP Relay Some ISPs perform the DHCP server function for their customers home small office networks In this case you can configure the device as a DHCP relay agent When a computer on your network requests Internet access the ADSL2 Router contacts your ISP to obtain an IP address and other information and then forwards that information to the computer Follow these instructions to configure DHCP relay First you must configure your PCs to acc
83. ept DHCP information assigned by a DHCP server 1 Open the Windows Control Panel and display the computer s Networking properties Configure the TCP IP properties to Obtain an IP address automatically the actual text may vary depending on your operating system For detailed instructions see Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions Next you specify the IP address of the DHCP server and select the interfaces on your network that will be using the relay service 2 Log into the Configuration Manager click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Relay in the task bar The DHCP Relay Configuration page displays naic Host Config raiva Prctozol CHEP lay Config ration Figure 37 DHCP Relay Configuration Page 3 Inthe DHCP Server Address fields type the IP address of your ISP s DHCP server If you do not have this address it is not essential to enter it here Requests for IP information from your LAN will be passed to the default gateway which should route the request appropriately 4 Select the device s WAN interface from the drop down list and click Add The WAN interface may be named ppp 0 eoa 0 or ipoa 0 Contact your ISP if you are unsure which type to use Note that you can also delete an interface from the table by clicking T in the right column 92 5 Click Submit A page displays to confirm your changes and the program returns to the DHCP Relay Configuration p
84. er when your ISP wants to log on to your Configuration Manager they would type your IP address in their browser followed by a colon and the non standard port number as shown in this example http 10 0 1 16 61000 Your ISP may also have special circumstances that require changing the port numbers contact them before making any changes here Follow these steps to modify port settings 4 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Port Settings in the task bar The Port Settings page is shown in Figure 84 Port Settings This page is used to modify various port settings across the system HTTP Port 0 61000 62000 Telnet Port 23 61000 62000 FTP Port 21 62000 62000 Figure 84 Port Settings Page Type the new port number s in the appropriate text box es and click _Submit The default port numbers are shown in Figure 84 You can enter non standard port numbers in the range 61000 62000 Click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar and click Commit to save your changes to permanent memory On the Commit amp Reboot page click _Reboot Note that the new settings will not be effective until you reboot the system 173 1 9 Configuring Autodetect Autodetect enables the modem to automatically detect and configure a valid ATM VC at startup Autodetect eliminates the need to have users configure VC values as described in Configuring the ATM VC on pa
85. er Quick Configuration Page The ADSL2 Router provides a preinstalled software program called Configuration Manager that enables you to configure the operation of the device via your Web browser The settings that you are most likely to need to change before using the device display on the Quick Configuration page Follow these instructions configure the device settings 1 At any PC connected to the ADSL2 Router via Ethernet or USB open your Web browser and type the following URL in the address location box 192 168 1 1 When you press Quick Configuration button the page shown in Figure 7 should display see Appendix B Troubleshooting if you receive an error message or the page does not display Quick Canfiguratian Use s page co quick conf ca s he syste n bel Zacapsviattaa fce LT E Bridge Siad IGMP Ente wadiress D kE k po Subnet Mask 3 fc ke fo _ C Erne ce C sakle Befanit Route Tisaaled Gatara If Address B E f fo dse BACP sername 3SH Password o Eral audi C E satie Praporr OFS Serveri a C f fo Secondary PNS Serveri 3 A c f submit ME Delete B conce E Fien Figure 7 Quick Configuration Page in Configuration Manager 26 Chapter 1 About Part 1 The fields are described in the following table Work with your ISP to determine which settings you need to change and refer to the indicated chapter for more infor
86. er from 1 to 15 5 Select a Send Mode and a Receive Mode The Send Mode setting indicates the RIP version this interface will use when it sends its route information to other devices The Receive Mode setting indicates the RIP version s in which information must be passed to the ADSL2 Router in order for it to be accepted into its routing table RIP version 1 is the original RIP protocol Select RIP1 if you have devices that communicate with this interface that understand RIP version 1 only RIP version 2 is the preferred selection because it supports classless IP addresses which are used to create subnets and other features Select RIP2 if all other routing devices on the autonomous network support this version of the protocol 6 Click Ada The new RIP entry will display in the table 7 Click the Enable radio button to enable the RIP feature If you disable the RIP feature the interface settings you have configured will remain available for future activation Note 8 Click Submit A page displays to confirm your changes 9 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them A You can delete an existing RIP entry by clicking in the Action Note column 105 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing RIP Satistics From the RIP Configuration page you can click Global Stats to view statistics on attempts to send and receive route table data over RIP enabled inter
87. erform bridging 1 Lon into Configuration Manager and click the Bridging tab The Bridge Configuration page displays Bridge Configuration Uz2 hiz pegs to Odd anc Fcdr Bridcirg infarmatcr Bridging HAY te WAY Geidging ZPE Figure 29 Bridge Configuration Page The Bridge Configuration page provides links shown in red to the System Mode page where you can enable or disable the corresponding bridging services The Bridge Configuration page also displays a table for specifying the interfaces that support bridging The table may be empty if bridging has not yet been configured 71 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 Inthe interface table select all interface names on which you want to perform bridging and click Add To enable bridging with your ISP select the LAN interface eth 0 and or usb 0 and the EoA interface you created for the bridging path After creating bridgeable interfaces you must enable the bridging feature as described in the following section Enabling Bridging Mode To make an interface non bridgeable display the Bridge Configuration page and click next to the interface you want to delete Click Bb to confirm the deletion The interface remains defined in the system but is no longer capable of performing bridging Enabling Bridging Mode After you have created bridgeable interfaces you must enable the bridging service on the system as a whole 1 Click the Home tab a
88. erver at the ISP It then relays the DNS server s response to the PC When performing DNS relay the ADSL2 Router must maintain the IP addresses of the DNS servers it contacts It can learn these addresses in either or both of the following ways Learned through PPP If the device uses a PPP connection to the ISP the primary and secondary DNS addresses can be learned via the PPP protocol To use this method the Use DNS checkbox must be selected in the PPP interface properties See Configuring PPP Interfaces on page 53 for related instructions Note that you cannot change this property by modifying an existing PPP interface you must delete the interface and recreate it with the new setting Using this option is advantageous in that you will not need to reconfigure the PCs or the ADSL Ethernet router if the ISP changes their DNS addresses Z Configured on the ADSL Ethernet router You can use the device s DNS feature to specify the ISP s DNS addresses If the device also uses a PPP interface with the Use DNS property enabled then these configured addresses can be used in addition to the two addresses learned through PPP If Use DNS is not enabled or if a protocol other than PPP is used such as EoA then these configured addresses will be used as the primary and secondary DNS addresses Follow these steps to configure DNS relay 1 Configure the LAN PCs to use the ADSL Ethernet router s LAN IP address as the
89. es from the drop down lists The time displays in military format Time Zone Daylight Savings Time If you are setting the date and time manually you can select your time zone from the drop down list and then click the appropriate radio button to indicate whether Daylight Savings Time is currently in effect After you initially set the time turning DST on or off will adjust the current displayed time by one hour in the appropriate direction You must remember to change the DST option each spring and fall it will not change automatically and then click When you are finished modifying the settings click Close to return to the System To save your changes to permanent memory click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 3 Submit View page 4 5 memory 37 Click _fommit to save your changes to permanent ADSL2 Router User s Guide Specifying theADSL2 Routers Name and Network Domain Name You can specify an easy to remember name for the ADSL2 Router and a domain name for the network on which it resides These are used only to simplify access to the Configuration Manager program The Name and Domain Name fields display on the System Modify page as shown in Figure 11 on page 36 You can set a name only or a name and domain name together If you specify a name only then the next time you want to access Configuration Manager you can type this name
90. ess es specified in the DHCP pool see Configuring DHCP Server on page 87 and specified in the DNS configuration see Chapter 9 Oper Status Indicates whether the link is currently up or down or if a specific type of data exchange is under way e g password authorization or DHCP Actions You can use these icons to modify P delete m and view additional details on the PPP interface Not all settings are available on the PPP Interface Modify page To modify the other settings you must delete the interface and create a new one Be sure to submit and commit your changes if you make modifications 55 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing PPP Interface Details When you click to view additional details the PPP Interface Detail page displays PPP Interface Detail PPP Interface Fap are ve lt al5 0 interface Sec Ippe F ablic Stetas Protocol Stat FPo Serice Nome Use Diop D sable Hise DHS Enab Default Route Erab Oper Stetas Link Down foes fad Cause TC den FPF F Status WAN iP Address C 1 0 0 Gatewep IP Address CLES BHS C 0 0 40 SDs CLL Z canty nforratci Security Protocol Fa gt Login Heme c4est Figure 18 PPP Detail Page In addition to the properties defined on page 54 the Detail page displays these fields
91. esses you must also configure the Network Address Translation service so that the private addresses can be translated to your public IP address on the Internet If your ISP performs the DCHP server function for your network then you can configure the device as a DHCP relay agent When a computer logs onto the network the ADSL2 Router contacts the ISP for the necessary IP information which it relays back to the computer If you have another PC or device on your network already performing the DHCP server function then you can configure the device s LAN interface to be a DHCP client of that server as are your PCs This configuration is described in Chapter 4 You can input settings for both DHCP server and DHCP relay mode and then activate either mode at any time Deactivated Note settings are retained for your future use 86 Configuring DHCP Server Before you begin be sure to configure your PCs to accept DHCP information assigned by a DHCP server See Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions To set up DHCP server you first define the ranges of IP addresses that you want to be distributed to your PCs called DHCP server address pools Guidelines for creating DHCP serveraddress pools An IP address pool typically includes a range private addresses that you define LAN administrators often define private IP addresses for use only on their networks See Overview of NAT on page 109
92. ets dropped due to connection or server problems Maximum hops The maximum number of hops that can be discovered in a traceroute before it terminates Traceroute Timeout The number of seconds after sending secs ping UDP packets that the traceroute will timeout if no reply is received Destination UDP port When the Probe Message Type is specified as UDP the traceroute commands includes an invalid destination UDP port address in the UDP packets When a packet reaches the destination it is dropped and the computer replies with an error message This error message is used to identify the completion of the traceroute This field specifies the invalid UDP port number to use This field is not used if the Probe Message Type is ping 4 Click to begin the trace The results display in the window at the bottom of the page and include the IP address of each router or computer reached from the first to last hop and the access time for each packet sent 167 1 T Upgrading the Software and Storing and Restoring the Configuration Data All system software is contained in a single file called an image The image is stored in system flash memory and contains the operating system device drivers application code and configuration data The configuration data includes all the customizable settings described in this User s Guide You can upgrade the image by installing a new one provided by your ISP You can also sav
93. face is established and that the EoA interface has been made bridgeable see Making Interfaces Bridgeable Bridge Enabled on page 71 2 Click the Home tab to display the Home page then select System Mode in the task bar Ensure that the Bridging Enabled radio button is selected Click the BRAS Enabled radio button and then click Submit A page displays briefly to confirm the change and the System Mode page redisplays 5 lf you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them Enabling or disabling BRAS takes effect immediately i e a system reboot is not required 77 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Note 3 Note Configuring ZPB Mode The ADSL2 Router offers a special type of bridging mode called ZIPB Zero Installation PPP Bridge mode This mode enables the ISP to simplify the installation process for customers who will be using the device as a bridge ZIPB mode also allows customers to use the embedded firewall features which are normally not available on bridged connections Contact your ISP to determine if they offer this connection type before you configure it With ordinary DSL modems that use a bridged connection to the ISP the customer must install a program on their PC called a PPP client This program enables the customer to log in to the ISP s access server and acquire IP information that the computer needs for all subsequent Internet communicati
94. faces on the ADSL2 Router RIP Global Statistics Request Sent fo Packets Response Sent fo Packets Request Received 0 Packets RIP Packets w Error Packets Received wf Bad Version fo Packets Packets Received wf Bad Address Family fo Packets Packets Received wf Bad Request Format fo Packets Packets Received wf Bad Metrics fo Packets Packets Received wf Bad Response Format fo Packets Packets Received wf Invalid Port fo Packets Packets Rejected fo Packets Response Received la Packets Unknown Packets Received fo Packets Packets Received from Hon Neighbor Router lo Packets Packets Rejected for Authentication Failure 0 Packets Packets wf Route Changed Packets Figure 43 RIP Global Statistics Page You can click lear to reset all statistics to zero and Refresh to display any newly accumulated data 106 Part 4 107 Security Features ADSL2 Router User s Guide About Part 4 Part 4 describes features you can configure to provide security to your network Part 4 contains the following chapters N za za Chapter 12 Configuring Network Address Translation explains how NAT works to allow one public Internet address to be shared among multiple PCs on your LAN This chapter explains how to configure NAT rules of various types Chapter 13 Configuring Firewall Settings describes the protections available in the embedded fi
95. for an explanation of private IP addresses You can also use DHCP server pools to distribute multiple public IP addresses if for example these are to be shared among a larger set of LAN computers You can create up to two DHCP server address pools You can define a single pool with addresses that can be assigned to your LAN PCs connected via the Ethernet port and to a USB connected computer as long you have assigned to the USB and Ethernet interfaces static IP addresses that place them in the same subnet See Appendix A for an explanation of subnets For example assume you assigned the following addresses to the Ethernet and USB interfaces Ethernet interface eth 0 IP address 192 168 1 1 mask 255 255 255 0 USB interface usb 0 IP address 192 168 1 2 mask 255 255 255 0 Then you could create a single pool for assignment to all your PCs PoolO 192 168 1 3 through 192 168 1 20 mask 255 255 255 0 You can create a second pool which must be in a different subnet than the first if either of these circumstances apply N You assigned static IP addresses to the device s Ethernet and USB interfaces that place them in different subnets note that this is not required 87 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Adding DHCP ServerAddtess Pools Follow these instructions to create an IP address pool 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the LAN tab and then click DHCP Server in the task bar The DHCP Server C
96. from the list if you want it to be removed prior to its automatic timed expiration 130 1 4 Configuring Filters and Blocking Protocols This chapter describes Configuration Manager features that enable you to control the data passing through your network N za za The IP filter feature enables you to create rules to block attempts by certain computers on your LAN to access certain types of data or Internet locations You can also block incoming access to computers on your LAN Although IP filter rules provide a very flexible and powerful tool to enhance network security and control user activity they can also be complex and generally require an advanced understanding of IP protocols The bridge filter feature is similar to the IP filter feature but operates at a lower protocol level While IP filter rules act on IP data packets known as layer 3 data bridge filter rules act on Ethernet and similar packets often referred to as layer 2 or MAC layer data The blocked protocols feature enables you to select from a predefined list the protocol that you want to block All data passed to the ADSL Ethernet router using a blocked protocol will be discarded without consideration of the source computer destination computer or the device interface on which it was received 131 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring IP Filters When you define an IP filter rule and enable the feature you instruct
97. ge If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them If you already have defined a higher level PPP EoA or IPoA interface that uses this VC then you can verify that the new settings work by attempting to access the Internet from a LAN USB computer Contact your ISP for troubleshooting assistance 51 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Adding AIMVCs You can create an ATM VC interface if none has been predefined on your system or if you use multiple services with your ISP Each service may require its own VC Follow these instructions to add a VC 1 From the ATM VC Configuration page click Add The ATM VC Add page displays ATM C Add Basic Information VC interface aal5 1 VCI m Mux Type uc e Max Proto per AALS Submit B cancel f ner Figure 16 ATM VC Add Page Select an interface name from the VC Interface drop down list The list begins with the next available ATM VC interface name in sequential order Enter the VPI and VCI values assigned by your ISP and select the mux type from the drop down list In the Max Proto per AAL5 text box enter the number of higher level protocols PPP EoA and IPoA that the ISP indicated that you will need to configure to operate over this VC For many users only one is required Click Submit When the confirmation page displays click _Llose to return to the ATM VC Conf
98. ge click Add Subrule Jin the Action s column of the rule for which you want to created a subrule The Bridge Filter Subrule Add page displays Bridge Filter Subrule Add Enable O Disable Rule ID Subrule ip l Offset Offset From tink Header Mask Cmp Type eq X Lower Value Higher Value Ox Figure 64 Bridge Filter Subrule Add Page The page displays Enable and Disable radio buttons you use to determine whether this sub rule is in effect A rule will be in effect if the rule itself and at least one of its subrules is enabled 6 Inthe New Subrule Information table specify the criteria for the rule as follows Field Description Subrule ID A unique ID number for this subrule These numbers are independent from the main rule number The bridge filter processes subrules in sequential order if a packet fails to match the criteria of any subrule then the rule will not be invoked and bridge filter processing will continue to the next rule Offset The number of bits into a packet starting from a designated location where the subrule comparison should begin Offset from The location in a Layer 2 packet where the subrule comparison should begin taking into account any offset bits specified in the previous setting The comparison can start at the beginning of o aLink header i e the start of an Ethernet packet o an IP header o aTCP UPD or ICMP header Mask The bits
99. ge 50 How Autodetect Works When enabled Autodetect attempts to establish a DSL connection with the ISP using VC values VPI VC I selected in either of two ways from a pre determined list preconfigured on the modem from the complete range of valid values The method of operation is preconfigured by the ISP and cannot be changed using the Web based interface A valid connection is found when a PPP EoA or IPoA interface is found on the ISP s access server If the initial VPI VCI values do not detect a valid connection then Autodetect tries again using the next set of available values When a successful connection is discovered that connection is used for the current session and the VPI VCI values are rememberea for initial use the next time the modem starts up Autodetect Modes Autodetect can be used to establish PPPoE PPPoA IPoA 1577 and EoA connections and can be configured in either of two modes bridging mode and routing mode These modes are specific to the Autodetect feature and are configured in addition to the system operating mode defined on the modem N When Autodetect is configured in bridging mode it can detect the presence of PPPoE and EoA interfaces on the access server In this mode the modem must be configured as a bridge and a PPPoE or DHCP client is expected to be running on the LAN PC behind the modem When configured in routing mode Autodetect can detect PPPoE EoA PPPOA or IPoA 1577 inte
100. ge determines which hardware IDs are connected on each side of the bridge and stores these associations in its bridge forwarding table For example when the ADSL2 Router is acting as a bridge it learns to associate the hardware IDs of each of your LAN computers with its LAN interface e g eth O or usb 0 and the hardware IDs of your ISP s access server s with its WAN interface e g eoa 0 When the bridge receives a data packet the bridge compares the packet s destination hardware ID to the entries in its bridge forwarding table When the packet s destination ID matches one of the entries it forwards the packet through the associated interface where the computer with the matching hardware ID can claim the packet When the bridge does not recognize a packet s destination hardware ID it broadcasts the packet through all of its interfaces to each network it is attached to Hardware IDs are also referred to as Media Access Control MAC addresses Ethernet is a commonly used MAC layer network protocol Bridges provide a simple way to allow two or more Ethernet based networks to share data without requiring additional internetworking protocols Bridges generally cannot link networks that use different MAC layer protocols 68 Chapter 2 About Part 2 How Routers Work Routers use a higher layer protocol than bridges use to determine how to pass data between two networks Routers such as the ADSL2 Router operate b
101. guration the LAN is like that described in Scenario 1 but also includes PCs that use a bridged Internet connection You would then need to establish bridging services in addition to routing This would also be necessary if the LAN contains PCs that use non IP networking protocols such has AppleTalk or IPX This configuration would have these features N An Ethernet and or USB interface with an IP address and network mask that identify it as being in the same subnet as the LAN PCs See Chapter 4 for instructions An WAN interface for the routing path This can be a PPP or EoA interface and must be IP enabled as described in Scenario 1 A WAN interface for the bridging path This must be an EoA interface If an EoA interface was created for the routing path the bridging path may be able to use the same interface Check with your ISP Bridging is enabled on the LAN interface eth 0 and or usb 0 and on the EoA interface to be used for the bridging path If separate interfaces are created for the bridging and routing paths then enable bridging only on the EoA interface to be used for bridging See Making Interfaces Bridgeable Bridge Enabled on page 71 The bridging service is enabled See Enabling Bridging Mode on page 72 For the PCs that will use the routing path the LAN interface s IP address should be specified as the IP gateway whether assigned statically or dynamically from a DHCP server For the PCs that
102. hat display in the Actions column to edit delete Mm and view details on the corresponding rule 132 Configuring IP Filter Global Settings The IP Filter Configuration page enables you to configure the following global IP filter settings N Security Level This setting determines which IP filter rules take effect based on the security level specified in each rule For example when High is selected only those rules that are assigned a security value of High will be in effect The same is true for the Medium and Low settings When None is selected IP filtering is disabled N Private Public DMZ Default Action This setting specifies a default action to be taken Accept or Deny on private public or DMZ type device interfaces when they receive packets that do not match any of the filtering rules You can specify a different default action for each interface type You specify an interface s type when you create the interface see the PPP configuration page for example o A public interface typically connects to the Internet PPP EoA and IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software Typically the global setting for public interfaces is Deny so that all accesses to your LAN initiated from external computers are denied discarded at the public interface except for those allowed by a specific IP fi
103. he following elements The NAT Options drop down list which provides access to the NAT Configuration page and Global Information table shown by default and in Figure 44 the NAT Rule Configuration page see Figure 46 and the NAT Translations page see Figure 48 N Enable Disable radio buttons which allow you to turn on or off the NAT feature N The NAT Global Information table which displays the following settings that apply to all NAT rule translations 111 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Field Description TCP Idle Timeout sec TCP Close Wait sec TCP Def Timeout sec When two computers communicate via the Internet a TCP based communication session is created between them to control the exchange of data packets The TCP session can be viewed as being in one of three states depending on the types of packets being transferred the establishing state where the connection is being set up the active state where the connection is being used to transfer data and the closing state in which the connection is being shut down When a NAT tule is in effect on a TCP session in the active state the session will timeout if no packets are received for the time specified in TCP Idle Timeout When in the closing state the session will timeout if no packets are received for the time specified in TCP Close Wait When in the establishing state the session will timeout if no packets are received for the time specifi
104. he rule only applies to one computer In the Global Address From and Global Address To fields type the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP If you have multiple WAN interfaces in both fields type the IP address of the interface to which this rule applies This rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on other WAN interfaces If you have multiple WAN interfaces and want the rule to be enforced on a range of them type the starting and ending IP addresses of the range Click Submit When a page displays to confirm your change click Llose to return to the NAT Configuration page The new rule should display in the NAT Rule Configuration table Ensure that the Enable radio button is selected and then click Submit l A page displays to confirm your changes If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 118 Note The RDRrule Allowing extemal accessto a LAN computer You can create an RDR rule to make a computer on your LAN such as a Web or FTP server available to Internet users without having to obtain a public IP address for that computer The computer s private IP address is translated to your public IP address in all incoming and outgoing data packets Without an RDR rule or Bimap rule described on page 125 the ADSL2 Router blocks attempts by external computers to access your LAN computers The following example illustrates using the RDR rule
105. hen appropriate For example the LAN Config task displays in both the LAN tab and the Routing tab Commonly used buttons The following buttons are used throughout the application Function Stores in temporary system memory any changes you have made on the current page See Committing Submit Changes on page 39 for instructions on storing changes permanently Refresh Redisplays the current page with updated statistics or settings Clear On pages that display accumulated statistics this button resets the statistics to their initial values Launches the online help for the current topic in a Help separate browser window Help is available from any main topic page ele i 33 ADSL2 Router User s Guide The Home Page and System View Table The Home page displays when you first access the program or if another tab is already displaying when you click on the Home tab Systen View Boos FAW Kersten 3 2012 5 fw Versi co ppp 3 PP E Figure 10 System View Table The Home page contains the System View table which provides a snapshot of your system configuration Note that some settings link to the related pages in Configuration Manager where you can change the data or view details The following table describes each section of the System View table Table Heading Description Device Displays basic information about the ADSL2 R
106. ic and private interfaces in terms of restrictiveness ie Protocol The type of PPP protocol used Your ISP may use PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPoA WAN IP The IP address currently assigned by your ISP to the interface Gateway IP The IP address provided by your ISP of the server that provides you access to the Internet See Hops and gateways on page 99 for a description of gateway addresses 54 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Field Description Default Route Indicates whether the ADSL Ethemet router should use the IP address assigned to this connection as its default route Can be Enabled or Disabled See Chapter 10 for an explanation of default routes Use DHCP When set to Enable the device will acquire additional IP information from the ISP s DHCP server The PPP connection itself acquires the device s IP address mask DNS address and default gateway address With Use DHCP enabled the device will acquire IP addresses for various other server types WINS SMTP POP3 etc these server types are listed on the DHCP Server Configuration page in the LAN tab Use DNS When set to Enable the DNS address learned through the PPP connection will be distributed to clients of the device s DHCP server This option is useful only when the ADSL Ethernet Router is configured to act as a DHCP server for your LAN When set to Disable LAN hosts will use the DNS addr
107. ich you can enter in the fields below o External DHCP Serverindicates that your ISP will be assigning an IP address from their own DHCP server dynamically each time you log on o Internal DHCP Serverindicates that you have a DHCP server device on your network that will assign an address to the port If you choose either the internal or external server option the LAN interface is called a DHCP client of the server Note that the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP is not your LAN IP address The public IP address identifies the WAN ADSL port on your ADSL Ethernet router to the Internet Or in bridge configurations it may be assigned to your PC LAN IP Address and Network Mask The IP address and network mask for the port See Appendix A for and overview of IP addresses and masks 45 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Speed Duplex Speediindicates the speed of the Ethernet communication between the ADSL Ethernet router and the LAN PCs or hub Duplex indicates the type of Ethernet communication i e full duplex or half duplex These settings are not user configurable IGMP Indicates whether this interface is enabled with the Internet Group Management Protocol When enabled the Ethernet interface collects and consolidates requests from the LAN PCs to receive IGMP messages from external computers The interface also forwards IGMP messages it receives on its WAN interface to the appro
108. ide alternatives when one of the servers is down or is encountering heavy traffic ISPs typically provide primary and secondary DNS addresses and may provide additional addresses Your LAN PCs learn these DNS addresses in one of the following ways Statically If your ISP provides you with their DNS server addresses you can assign them to each PC by modifying the PCs IP properties Dynamically from a DHCP pool You can configure the DHCP Server feature on the ADSL Ethernet router and create an address pool that specifies the DNS addresses to be distributed to the PCs Refer to Configuring DHCP Server on page 87 for instructions on creating DHCP address pools In either case you can specify the actual addresses of the ISP s DNS servers on the PC or in the DHCP pool or you can specify the address of the LAN interface on the ADSL Ethernet router e g 192 168 1 1 When you specify the LAN interface IP address the device performs DNS relay as described in the following section za If you specify the actual DNS server addresses on the PCs or in the DHCP pool the DNS relay feature is not used 95 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring DNS Relay When you specify the ADSL2 Router s LAN interface IP address as the DNS address then the device automatically performs DNS relay i e because the device itself is nota DNS server it forwards domain name lookup requests it receives from the LAN PCs to a DNS s
109. ific IP address to the computer that uses this MAC address If you tyoe a MAC address here you must have specified the same IP address in both the Start IP Address and End IP Address fields Net Mask Specifies which portion of each IP address in this range refers to the network and which portion refers to the host computer For a description of network masks and LAN network masks see Appendix A You can use the network mask to distinguish which pool of addresses should be distributed to a particular subnet as explained on page 87 Domain Name A user friendly name that refers to the subnet that includes the addresses in this pool This is used for reference only Gateway Address The address of the default gateway for computers that receive IP addresses from this pool If no value is specified then the appropriate LAN eth 0 or USB usb 0 port address on the device will be distributed to each PC as its gateway address depending on how each is connected See Hops and gateways on page 99 for an explanation of gateway addresses DNS SDNS Address The IP address of the Domain Name System server and Secondary Domain Name System server to be used by computers that receive IP addresses from this pool These DNS servers translate common Internet names that you type into your web browser into their equivalent numeric IP addresses Typically these servers are located with your ISP SMTP SWINS opti
110. ifies that the WAN interface IP address specified above will be used as the default route for your LAN Whenever one of your LAN computers attempts to access the Internet the data will be sent via this interface Chapter 5 Gateway IP Specifies the IP address that identifies the ISP server Address through which your Internet connection will be routed Chapter 5 PPP Settings PPP User The user name and password you use to log in to your ISP Name and Note this is not the same as the user name and password Password you used to log in to Configuration Manager Chapter 5 Use DNS Specifies whether the DNS server addresses that your LAN will use should be supplied dynamically each time you connect to the ISP If you click Disable you must configure DNS addresses manually on each PC or on the fields below Chapter 5 DNS Settings Primary Specifies the primary and secondary domain name system Secondary DNS server addresses provided by your ISP Chapter 9 DNS Server 27 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 When finished customizing these settings click _Submit The settings are now in effect however if you reboot or if the power is disconnected your settings will be lost In step 3 you save the changes to permanent memory 3 Click the Admin tab and then click Commit amp Reboot in the task bar 4 Click _Commit A page will display briefly to confirm your changes and then you will be returned to the C
111. iguration page The new interface should now display in the ATM VC Configuration table If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them You may need to create a new WAN interface or modify an existing interface so that it uses the new VC See the instructions for configuring a PPP page 53 EoA page 59 or IPoA page 63 interface depending on the type you use to communicate with your ISP 52 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Configuring PPP Interfaces The Point to Point Protocol PPP is one of several protocols used to enable communication between ISPs and their customers PPP handles tasks such as the following N Identify the type of service the ISP should provide to a given customer Identify the customer to the ISP through a username and password login Enable the ISP to assign an Internet address and other IP information to the customer s DSL modem PPP can be used only when your connection with your ISP is a routed connection i e it cannot be used for bridged connections For more information on bridged and routed connections see Chapter 6 Configuring the System Operating Mode A PPP interface can be either of two types PPP over ATM PPPoA and PPP over Ethernet PPPoE Although to the end user they function similarly the ISP s network may be configured to handle only one protocol type Furthermore an ISP may not use the PPP protocol at all instea
112. ion address or range if you want this rule to apply only to outbound traffic to the address or range If you enter only the network ID portion of the destination address then the rule will apply to outbound traffic from all computers on network From the Destination Port From To drop down lists select a port type if you want the rule to apply only to outbound traffic to servers of this type Otherwise leave them set to Any other port If you want to specify a port type that is not available in the drop down lists you can instead type the port ID number in the text boxes to the right You can specify a range using the From To fields if you want the rule to apply to a range of port types or enter the same port number in both fields If you leave the selection set to Any other port then outbound data will not be checked for the destination port type See step 6 for creating an RDR rule on page 120 for an explanation of port IDs Follow steps 8 11 under The NAPT rule on page 117 to submit your changes 124 The Bimap tule Performing two way translations Unlike the other NAT flavors the Bimap flavor performs address translations in both the outgoing and incoming directions In the incoming direction when the specified ADSL2 Router interface receives a packet with your public IP address as the destination address this address is translated to the private IP address of a computer on your LAN To the external computer
113. ir DNS server address using either of the following methods by assigning the LAN IP address statically to each PC by inputting the LAN IP address or the address 0 0 0 0 as the DNS address in the DHCP server pool used by the PCs If using a PPP connection to the ISP click the Use DNS check box so that the DNS server addresses it learns are used for DNS relay Or If not using a PPP connection or if you want to specify DNS addresses in addition to those learned through PPP configure the DNS addresses on the ADSL Ethernet router as follows 96 a Click the Services tab and then click DNS in the task bar The DNS Configuration page displays evdi cbls CHE ela Por ta ce Figure 39 DNS Configuration Page b Type the IP address of the DNS server in an empty row and click Add You can enter up to two addresses c Click the DNS Relay Poll Status check box if you want the software to send regular test messages to the DNS servers to ensure that they remain up recommended If none of the specified DNS servers respond including any acquired by PPP which do not display in the table then an alert will display in the System Log window see the Admin tab System Log page You can specify the interval in minutes between each DNS poll message in the DNS Relay Poll Timeout text box d 5 Click the Enable radio button and then click _ Submit 3 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the in
114. l firewall level is set to High or Low then the rule will be inactive 135 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Field Description Black List Status Specifies whether or not a violation of this rule will result in the offending computer s IP address being added to the blacklist which blocks the ADSL Ethernet router from forwarding packets from that source fora specified period of time See Chapter 13 Configuring Firewall Settings for instructions Log Tag A description of up to 16 characters to be recorded in the log in the event that a packet violates this rule Be sure to set the Log Option to Enable if you configure a Log Tag StarvEnd Time The time range during which this rule is to be in effect specified in military units Src IP Address Dest IP Address IP address criteria for the source computer s from which the packet originates and the destination computer In the drop down list you can configure the rule to be invoked on packets containing any any source IP address It any source IP address that is numerically less than the specified address Iteq any source IP address that is numerically less than or equal to the specified address gt any source IP address that is numerically greater than the specified address eq any source IP address that is numerically equal to the specified address neq any source IP address that is not equal to the specified address rang
115. lains how to upgrade the system by uploading new software files Chapter 18 Modifying Port Settings describes how to change the Port ID numbers associated with the embedded Web FTP and Telnet servers Chapter 19 Configuring Autodetect describes how to configure the Autodetect service which enables the modem to automatically detect and configure a valid ATM VC at startup 152 1 5 Managing Access to the Configuration Program This chapter describes how to manage access to the Configuration Manager program including creating user logins and passwords and enabling or disabling external access through the WAN port Managing User Logins The ADSL2 Router is configured with a default user name and password combination or login for accessing Configuration Manager If you want to allow other users to access the program you can create additional user logins and specify their privilege levels You can also change the password for the default login or for any logins you create The default login allows the user full access to all Configuration Manager features including creating up to four additional user logins You can assign one of the following privilege levels to each additional login N za Root level privileges enable users to modify all the features available in Configuration Manager The default login has root level privileges Intermediate level privileges enable users to change their own passwords The
116. le to specify that whenever one of your computers communicates with the Internet that is it sends and receives IP data packets its private IP address which is referenced in each packet will be replaced by the LAN s public IP address An IP data packet contains bits of data bundled together in a specific format for efficient transmission over the Internet Such packets are the building blocks of all Internet communication Each packet contains header information that identifies the IP address of the computer that initiates the communication the source IP address the port number that the router associates with that computer the source port number the IP address of the targeted Internet computer the destination IP address and other information When this type of NAT rule is applied because the source IP address is swapped out it appears to other Internet computers as if the data packets are actually originating from the computer assigned your public IP address in this case the ADSL2 Router 109 ADSL2 Router User s Guide The NAT rule could further be defined to disguise the source port in the data packet i e change it to another number so that outside computers will not be able to determine the actual port from which the packet originated Data packets that arrive in response contain the public IP address as the destination IP address and the disguised source port number The ADSI2 Router changes the IP addre
117. lick Submit A page will display briefly to confirm your changes and will return you to the Bridge Configuration page 5 lf you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 76 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Configuring Bridge Router AutoSense BRAS Mode In Bridge Router AutoSense BRAS mode the ADSI2 Router chooses at startup whether to operate in Routing and Bridging mode or in Bridging only mode based on information it learns while communicating with the LAN PCs This capability allows units to be delivered to customers with one preconfiguration for both deployment types If BRAS is to be used the modem must be preconfigured with both PPPoE and EoA interfaces and bridging must be enabled When the modem is booted up with BRAS enabled the mode is determined as follows 1 The modem comes up with both bridging and routing enabled with its own internal PPPoE client active 2 Ifthe modem subsequently detects PPPoE traffic from the LAN PC s PPPoE client indicating a bridge deployment then the modem automatically switches to bridging mode by stopping its own PPPoE client causing PPPoE packets to be bridged from the LAN side 3 Otherwise no PPPoE traffic is detected the modem continues to operate as before in bridging mode non PPPoE traffic as well as routing mode Follow these instructions to enable Bridge Router AutoSense 1 Ensure that both a PPPoE and an EoA inter
118. lter rule o A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network Typically the global setting for private interfaces is Accept so that LAN computers have access to the ADSL Ethernet routers Internet connection o The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets received on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a set of protections that is in between public and private interfaces in terms of restrictiveness The global setting for DMZ type interfaces may be set to Deny so that all attempts to access these servers are denied by default the administrator may then configure IP filter rules to allow accesses of certain types 133 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Creating IP Filter Rules To create an IP filter rule you set various criteria that must be met in order for the rule to be invoked Use these instructions to add a new IP filter rule Also refer to the examples on page 139 1 On the IP Filter Configuration page click Add The IP Filter Rule Add page displays IP Filter Rule Add g Erabie g fissile Rate ID Eyrection ine Interfaces 5 Dizzkle Enable
119. many packets were accepted or denied Display the IP Filter Configuration page and then click _Stats in the row corresponding to the rule The IP Filter Rule Statistics page displays IP Filter Rule Statistics Rule HO 10 Number of Packets Maching this Rule lo Packets clear I close ME Refresh I Help Figure 60 IP Filter Rule Statistics Page You can click Clear to reset the count to zero and _Refresh to display newly accumulated data Managing CunentIP Filter Sessions When two computers communicate using the IP protocol an IP session is created for the duration of the communication The ADSL2 Router allows a fixed number of concurrent IP sessions You can view information about each current IP session and delete sessions for security reasons for example To view all current IP sessions display the IP Filters Configuration Session page and then click The IP Filter Sessions displays 140 IP Filter Bession Figure 61 IP Filter Sessions Page The IP Filter Session table displays the following fields for each current IP session Field Description Session Index The ID assigned by the system to the IP session all sessions whether or not they are affected by an IP filter rule are assigned a session index Time to expire The number of seconds in which the connection will automatically expire Protocol The underlying IP protocol
120. mation about each setting Field Description General Settings ATM Interface Selects the ATM interface you want to use 0 Your system may be configured with more than one ATM interface if you are using different types of services with your ISP Chapter 5 Operation Enables or disables the ADSL2 Router When set to Mode Disabled the device cannot be used to provide Internet connectivity or routing services for your network Encapsulation Determines the type of data link your ISP uses to communicate with your ADSL Ethernet router Chapter 5 VCI and VPI Determine the unique data path your modem uses to communicate with your ISP Chapter 5 Bridge Enables or disables bridging between the ADSL2 Router and your ISP Chapter 6 IGMP Used to enable the WAN interface to pass Internet Group Management Protocol messages it receives to the LAN PCs You must also enable the LAN or USB interfaces for IGMP Chapter 4 IP Address If your ISP has provided a public IP address to your LAN and Subnet enter the address and the associated subnet mask in the Mask boxes provided Note In bridge configurations the public IP address may be entered on your PC rather than on the ADSL Ethernet router check with your ISP Chapter 5 Use DHCP When enabled your ISP will assign IP addresses to your WAN interface When disabled the WAN interface must Chapter 5 Default Route When enabled spec
121. n In Ports The actual port number corresponding to the LAN computer Out Ports The port number associated with the destination address Translated In Ports The port number to which the LAN computer s actual port number was translated 116 3 Note Adding NATRules This section explains how to create rules for each NAT flavor You cannot edit existing NAT rules To change a rule setup delete it and add a new rule with the new settings The NAPTrtule Tandating between private and public IP addresses Follow these instructions to create a rule for translating the private IP addresses on your LAN to your public IP address This type of rule uses the NAT flavor NAPT which was used in your default configuration The NAPT flavor translates private source IP addresses to a single public IP address The NAPT rule also translates the source port numbers to port numbers that are defined on the NAT Global Configuration page see page 111 The introduction to NAT on page 109 describes how the NAPT rule works 1 Click the NAT tab and then select NAT Rule Entry from the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Rule entry page displays as shown on page 114 Click Add display the NAT Rule Add page From the Rule Flavor drop down list select NAPT The page redisplays with only those fields that are appropriate for the NAPT rule flavor NAT Rule Add NAT Rule Information Rate Favor Rie ID IF H
122. n a different address if necessary If you are using the EoA interface to provide a routed connection to your ISP and you want the EoA interface to serve as the default route for Internet access for your LAN ensure that the Default Route Enable radio button is selected If you have more than one WAN interface note that only one of them can be specified as the default route If you are using the interface to provide a bridged connection then deselect this field In the Gateway IP Address field enter the address of your ISP s access server Click Submit A confirmation page displays to confirm your changes Click Close return to the EoA page and view the new interface in the table Ifthe interface will be used to provide a bridged only connection or a bridged and routed connection to your ISP then continue with step 12 to enable bridging Click the Bridging tab The Bridge Configuration page displays Bridge Configuration Us tiie peg to 4dd anc Fcdr Bridcirg infarmsatct Bridging WAY te WAY Gridging Zire Figure 22 Bridge Configuration Page The Bridge Configuration page provides links shown in red to the System Mode page where you can enable or disable the corresponding bridging services The Bridge Configuration page also displays a table for specifying the interfaces that support bridging The table may be empty if bridging has not yet been configured In the interface table select all in
123. n for each rule and subrule Button Description F Edits the rule or subrule The Bridge Filter Rule Modify or Bridge Filter Subrule Modify page displays See Adding Bridge Filter Rules for a description of the items on these pages m Deletes the rule or subrule Before deleting a rule you must first delete all of its subrules A page displays to enable you to confirm or cancel the deletion The above icons do not display for rules that are preconfigured by the ISP these rules and related statistics can be viewed but not otherwise accessed via the Web based interface Viewing Rule Statistics You can view statistics for each rule and total statistics for all rules N za Stats lin the To view statistics for an individual rule click corresponding Action s column on the Bridge Filter Configuration page The Bridge Filter Rule Stats page reports the accumulated number of packets that have been received that match this rule To view the total number of packets received that match any of the rules click _Stats at the bottom of the Bridge Filter Configuration page The Bridge Filter Rule Stats page which shows the number of packets that have been received that match any of the rules On either page you can click Clear to reset the count to zero and Refresh to display newly accumulated data 148 A WARNING Blocking Protocols The Blocked Protocols feature enables you
124. nd then click System Mode in the task bar The System Mode page displays System ode This sage is ec 23 efcis 33 var 245 s eten ash res Sridgiag WAW to WAH Bridging BRAS ZPS Figure 30 System Mode Page You can also access the System Mode page from Bridging page Click any of the links that display in red near the top of the page 2 Click the Bridging Enabled radio button if not already selected and then click _Submit A page will briefly display to confirm your changes and will return you to the System Mode page 3 If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them The other features shown on the System Mode page are described in Configuring Special Bridging Features on page on page 76 72 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Common Scenarios The sections that follow describe common system configurations that use bridging routing or both Note that you can also configure several special operating modes These are described in Configuring Special Bridging Features on page 76 Scenario 1 Routed Connection to ISP In this scenario the ISP requires customers to have a routed connection to their access server For a routed connection the LAN and WAN interfaces must be IP enabled No bridging services need to be enabled This configuration would have these features N An Ethernet and or USB interface with an IP address and network
125. nent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them You cannot change or delete the default login To delete a subsequently created login click T in the corresponding Action s column in the table on the User Configuration page 154 Changing Login Passwords Users of all privilege levels can modify their own password Only users with Root privileges can modify other users passwords Follow these instructions to change a login password This user ID and password are used only for logging into the Configuration Manager it is not the same as the PPP login you may use to connect to your ISP described in Chapter 5 1 From the User Configuration page click next to the login whose password you want to modify The User Config Modify page displays User Config Modify User ID Old Password New Password Confirm New Figure 68 User Config Modify Page Type your current password in the Old Password text box Type your new password in both the New Password and Confirm New text boxes The password can be up to 128 ASCII characters long When logging in you must type the new password in the same uppercase and lowercase characters that you use here Click Submit If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 155 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Enabling Managementthrough the WAN Port You can enable access to Configuration Manager vi
126. ng and will display when you click _Refresh 159 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing the System Log You can view data generated or acquired by routine system communication with other devices such as the results of negotiations with the ISP s computers for DNS and gateway IP addresses This information does not necessarily represent unexpected or improper functioning and is not captured by the system traps that create alarms This information accumulates and displays in a system log window To view the system log click the Admin tab and then click System Log in the task bar System Log This page is s ce disple che sys2n bg 142 Ex 7 fiz 4 sec Es EN ery Kot Be s 45 nc SSUES SS 4S See E CH ecyvs For Bes soa sinc 124 7 32 42 sec D ervs gt Kot Be s 45 nc Tine 5 kz L viz 4i sec ae ee e D See ee aoe Figure 73 System Log page You can click _Save Log to display a Windows File Download dialog box that enables opening or saving the contents of the log to your PC The file is assigned the default name sysi og vif and can be viewed with any text editor 160 Viewing DSL Information To view configuration parameters and performance statistics for the ADSL2 Router s DSL line log into Configuration Manager and then click the WAN tab The DSL Status page displays by default DSL Status Tais page csp ays DSL Status rarai 3 3221 Fatcsk ake Loop Stop
127. nt protocols LCL or ICMP Action Displays an icon iH you can click on to delete a route 101 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Adding IP Routes Follow these instructions to add an IP route to the routing table 1 From the IP Route Table page click ada A The IP Route Add page displays IP Route Add Destination fo fo fo fp Meimask ss fess fess fo Gateway NextHop p fo fo fp Figure 41 IP Route Add Page Specify the destination network mask and gateway or next hop for this route For a description of these fields refer to the table on page 101 To create a route that defines the default gateway for your LAN enter 0 0 0 0 in both the Destination and Netmask fields Enter your ISP s IP address in the Gateway NextHop field Note that you cannot specify the interface name route type or route origin These parameters are used only for routes that are identified automatically as the device communicates with other routing devices For routes you create the routing table displays system default values in these fields Click Submit On the confirmation page click _Llose to return to the IP Route table The IP Routing Table will now display the new route If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 102 1 1 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol The ADSL2 Router can be configured to communicate with other rou
128. nternet 1 8 9 Add a new rule for outgoing packets on the ppp 0 interface from any incoming interface this would include the eth 0 and usb 0 interfaces for example Specify the source IP address of the computer you want to block Specify the Protocol as TCP and enable the Store State setting Specify the destination port as 80 which is the well known port number for web servers Enable the rule by clicking the radio button at the top of the page Click _submit create the rule On the IP Filter Configuration page set the Security Level to the same level you chose for the rule and set both the Private Default Action and the Public Default Action to Accept Click Submit and commit your changes With this configuration the specified computer will not be able to access the Web but will be able to access FTP Internet sites and any others that use destination port numbers other than 80 139 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Example 2 Blocking Telnet accesses to the ADSL2 Router 1 Add anew rule for packets incoming on the ppp 0 interface 2 Specify that the packet must contain the TCP protocol and must be destined for port 23 the well known port number used for the Telnet protocol 3 Enable the rule by clicking the radio button at the top of the page 4 Click _Submit create the rule and commit your changes Viewing IP Filter Statistics For each rule you can view statistics on how
129. o do this N The ADSL2 Router is configured to assign an appropriate IP address to the USB PC If you want to use this automatic assignment feature called DHCP server you must configure the USB PC to accept dynamically assigned IP information Follow the instruction on pages 16 through 20 that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC If you want to assign a static IP address to the PC follow the instructions on page 21 and use the following information o Inthe Network and Dial up Connections window be sure to select the icon that corresponds to your new USB connection not the one that corresponds to your Ethernet NIC When you display properties for the icon the following text should display in the Connect Using text box USB IAD LAN Modem n o The USB interface on the ADSL2 Router is preconfigured with these properties USB interface IP address 192 168 1 2 USB interface subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Therefore your PC must be configured as follows za IP address 192 168 1 n where nisa number from 3 to 254 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Default gateway 192 168 1 2 25 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Quick Start Part 3 Configuring the ADSL2 Router In Quick Start Part 3 you log into the program on the ADSL2 Router and configure basic settings for your Internet connection Your ISP should provide you with the necessary information to complete this step Logging in to the ADS12 Rout
130. o be configured to provide a routed connection with the ISP which uses the IP protocol to exchange data See Chapter 6 Configuring the System Operating Mode for more information on bridged and routed Internet connections Before creating an EoA interface or modifying the default settings contact your ISP to determine which type of protocol they use PPP and EoA Bridged Internet connections must use an EoA WAN interface Routed Internet connections can use an EoA if configured with an IP address or a PPP interface See Chapter 5 for more information To view your current EoA interface configuration log into Configuration Manager click the WAN tab and then click EOA in the task bar The RFC1483 EoA Config page displays BFC 1493 Ethernet over AT EoA Corfig Figure 20 RFC1483 EoA Config Page The EoA table contains a row for each EoA interface currently defined on the device The table may be empty 59 ADSL2 Router User s Guide The following table describes the fields on this page Field Description Interface The name the software uses to identify the EoA interface Interface Sec Type The type of security protections in effect on the interface public private or DMZ o A public interface connects to the Internet IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software o A priva
131. o fields type the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP za If you have multiple WAN PPP interfaces note that this rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on WAN interfaces not specified here If you have multiple WAN interfaces and want the rule to be enforced on more than one of them or all enter a range of IP addresses that includes them From the Destination Port From and Destination Port To drop down lists select the port type of the computer you are making publicly available or leave them set to Any other port If you want to specify a port type that is not available in the drop down lists you can instead type the port ID number in text boxes to the right You can specify a range using the From To fields if you want the rule to apply to a range of port types or enter the same port number in both fields If you leave the selection set to Any other port then incoming data will not be checked for the destination port type 120 A port ID identifies the specific function of the computer connected to it and therefore can limit the types of data that pass to and from the computer For example Web HTTP servers are usually identified by port number 80 packets containing traffic destined for a Web server will contain this port ID The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA assigns port numbers for common types of servers and functions If the LAN computer that you are making publicly available i
132. ollowing message box displays at the bottom of the page Loading New Software Please do not interrupt the upgrade process A status page will appear automatically when loading is completed about 1 minute When loading is complete the following message displays the file name may differ File TElmage bin successfully saved to flash Please reboot for the new image to take effect 5 Turn off power to the unit wait a few seconds and turn it on again The new software will now be in effect If the system fails to boot or is not working properly contact your ISP for assistance Uploading an Image Stored Remotely Follow this procedure if the upgrade file is available by downloading from your ISP Contact your ISP to obtain the server and logon information required 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Remote Image Upgrade in the task bar The Remote Image Upgrade page displays Remote mage Upgrade hs g2 sed w ached a azs ege ce secim fren recite bito ff Address iperede Fie temane upina f cancer B He Figure 82 Remote Image Upgrade Page If the page does not display a table as shown in Figure 82 but displays only the Upload button skip to step 5 In this case the download server IP address filename and logon information has already been hard coded into your system 2 Inthe IP Address text boxes type the IP address of the server f
133. ome Local Address From Local Address To Gtobet Address Figure 50 NAT Rule Add Page NAPT Flavor 117 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 10 11 Enter a Rule ID The Rule ID determines the order in which rules are invoked the lowest numbered rule is invoked first and so on If you define two or more rules that act on the same set of IP addresses be sure to assign the Rule ID so that the higher priority rules are invoked first It is recommended that you specify rule IDs as multiples of 5 or 10 so that in the future you can insert a rule between two existing rules When a data packet matches a rule the data is acted upon according to that rule and is not subjected to higher numbered rules From the IFName drop down list select the interface on the device to which this rule applies Typically NAT rules are used for communication between your LAN and the Internet Because the device uses the WAN interface which may be named ppp 0 eoa 0 or ipoa 0 to connect your LAN to your ISP it is the usual IFName selection In the Local Address From field and Local Address To fields type the starting and ending IP addresses respectively of the range of private address you use on your network that you want to be translated You can specify that data from all LAN addresses should be translated by typing 0 zero in each From field and 255 in each To field Or type the same address in both fields if t
134. ommit amp Reboot page You are now finished customizing basic settings Read the following section to determine if you need to change additional settings On the Quick Configuration page you can click _Delete to remove all existing Quick Configuration settings and return to the default values Default Router Settings The ADSL2 Router can provide a variety of services to your network The device is preconfigured with default settings for use with a typical home or small office network Table 1 lists some of the most important default settings these and other features are described fully in subsequent chapters If you are familiar with network configuration review the settings in Table 1 to verify that they meet the needs of your network Refer to the Quick Configuration page instructions on page 26 or to the document sections referenced in the table for further instructions If you are unfamiliar with these settings try using the device without modification or contact your ISP for assistance Before you attempt to modify any settings review Chapter 3 for general information about accessing and using the Configuration Manager program We strongly recommend that you contact your ISP prior to changing the default configuration 28 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Table 1 Default Settings Summary Option Default Properties Explanation instructions LAN interfaces connecting to your network Ethernet Static IP a
135. on In ZIPB mode the ADSL2 Router uses its own PPP software to communicate at startup with the ISP The ISP assigns the IP information to the device s PPP interface which then uses its DHCP server to pass the information on to the user s PC Therefore the PPP interface and the user s PC both use the same IP address Working with your ISP follow this procedure to enable ZIPB mode 1 Ensure that your PCs are configured to accept IP information assigned by a DHCP server See Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions 2 Ensure that at least one PPPoE or PPPOA interface has been created on theADSL2 Router See Chapter 5 for instructions The Status field for the PPP interface must be set to Start on Data You can modify an existing interface to set this property If you have more than one computer on your LAN and your ISP provides multiple public IP addresses for those computers you must establish a PPP interface for each public IP address 3 If itdoes not already exist create a DHCP server pool with poolid 0 The pool should include at least one unique private IP address for each computer on your LAN The gateway IP address should be set to the address of the LAN interface which must be in the same subnet see Chapter 4 for instructions 4 Enable DHCP server as described in Setting the DHCP Mode on page 93 5 Click the Services tab to display the NAT Configuration page If the
136. on off button do not use it to activate new changes This button resets the device settings to the manufacturer s default values Any custom settings will be lost 40 Part 2 Interfaces and Operating Modes ADSL2 Router User s Guide About Part 2 Part 2 explains how to configure theADSL2 Router s interfaces to communicate with your LAN PC s and your ISP Part 2 also describes the device s operating modes and explains how to configure the interfaces to enable each mode Interfaces refers to those points in the various communication paths where the ADSL2 Router exchanges data with external devices This document distinguishes between the terms port ana interface a port is a hardware based point of entry to or exit from a device Often several software based interfaces can be defined Definitions to operate over the same port Operating modes determine which protocols the device can use to communicate with LAN computers and the ISP and which product features are made available to the user Part 2 contains the following chapters Chapter 4 Configuring the LAN and USB Interfaces explains how to configure the Ethernet and USB interfaces which connect though distinct ports to your LAN hub switch and optional USB enabled PC Because the Ethernet interface can be used to connect to multiple computers it is referred to as the LAN interface N Chapter 5 Configuring WAN Interfaces explains how
137. onal The IP addresses of devices that perform various services for computers that receive IP addresses from this pool such as the SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol server which handles e mail traffic Contact your ISP for these addresses 89 4 When you are done defining the pool click _Submit ADSL2 Router User s Guide A confirmation page displays briefly to indicate that the pool has been added successfully After a few seconds the DHCP Server Pool Add page displays with the newly added pool 5 Follow the instructions in Setting the DHCP Mode on page 93 to enable the DHCP Server Viewing modifying and deleting address pools To view modify or delete an existing address pool display the DHCP Server Configuration page and click the icons in the corresponding row in the address pool table N N za To delete an IP address pool click i then submit and commit your changes To view details on an IP address pool click A page displays with the same information that you entered when you added the pool To modify the pool click The DHCP Server Pool Modify page displays DHCP Server Pool Modify Start IP Address 192 168 1 3 End IP Address 192 168 1 34 Netmask 255 255 255 0 Domain Name Status ___ Enable Disable Excluded IP Excluded IP Address Action No Excluded IP fisz fics ff gt aaa f
138. onfiguration Manager The ADSL2 Router includes a preinstalled program called the Configuration Manager which provides an interface to the software installed on the device It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network You access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the ADSL2 Router via the LAN or USB ports This chapter provides basic information on using the Configuration Manager Accessing the Configuration Manager The Configuration Manager program is preinstalled into memory on the ADSL2 Router To access the program you need the following N APC orlaptop connected to the LAN port on the device as described in the Quick Start chapter N Aweb browser installed on the PC The program is designed to work best with Microsoft Internet Explorer version 5 0 Netscape Navigator version 6 1 or later versions You can access the program from any computer connected to the ADSL2 Router via the LAN or USB ports 1 From acomputer connected via Ethernet or USB open your web browser type the following URL in the web address or location box and press lt Enters gt http 192 168 1 1 This is the predefined IP address of the Ethernet interface however since the USB interface is in the same subnet as the LAN interface you can use this IP address from a USB computer also A login screen displays 31 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Enter Network Password Pl
139. onfiguration page displays Dynamic Host Configurat on Fratocsl DHCP S27er Goigurscian Belli pags Jaana jew dATP x os cy Figure 33 DHCP Configuration Page Depending on your preconfigured settings the table may display up to two address pools each in a row or may be empty Click Bs The DHCP Server Pool Add page displays DHCP Server Pool Add Star IP Address OCOC end e address _ wec address r fo fc to fe ia dietmast domain Kame Gatermap Adaress PHS Address SOAS Address SMTP Address POPS Address AMAT Address www Address E R E _ rec Address lof e E WINS Address Pp fe of ik SWIMS Address Ir fife kE submit f cancer I Hern Figure 34 DHCP Server Pool Add Page Enter values for the Start IP Address End IP Address and Net Mask fields which are required and any others as needed Field Description 88 Field Description StarvEnd IP Addresses Specifies the lowest and highest addresses in the pool up to a maximum range of 254 addresses For example if the LAN interface is assigned IP address 192 168 1 1 then you could create a pool with address range 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 254 for distribution to your LAN computers Mac Address A MAC address is a manufacturer assigned hardware ID that is unique for each device ona network Use this field only if you want to assign a spec
140. ot determine which of these devices provides a good next hop because no such route has been defined then that device will forward the data to its default gateway Eventually a high level device using a predefined IP route will be able to forward the data along a path to its destination Do I need to define IP routes Most users do not need to define IP routes On a typical small home or office LAN the existing routes that set up the default gateways for your LAN computers and for the ADSL2 Router provide the most appropriate path for all your Internet traffic On your LAN computers a default gateway directs all Internet traffic to the LAN interface on the ADSL2 Router assuming the device is configured in Routing mode Your LAN computers know their default gateway either because you assigned it to them when you modified their TCP IP properties or because you configured them to receive the information dynamically from a server whenever they access the Internet Each of these processes is described in Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers N Onthe ADSL2 Router itself a default gateway is defined to direct all outbound Internet traffic to a router at your ISP This default gateway is assigned automatically by your ISP whenever the device negotiates an Internet connection The process for adding a default route is described on page 102 You may need to define routes if your home setup includes two or more
141. otocol Description IP Multicast IP Multicast is an extension to the IP protocol It enables individual packets to be sent to multiple hosts on the Internet and is often used for handling e mail mailing lists and teleconferencing videoconferencing RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol This IP protocol provides a way for computers to determine their own IP addresses when they only know their hardware address i e MAC addresses Certain types of computers such as diskless workstations must use RARP to determine their IP address before communicating with other network devices Apple Talk A networking protocol used in for Apple Macintosh networks NetBEUI NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface On many LAN operating systems the NetBEUI protocol provides the method by which computers identify themselves to and communicate with each other IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange A networking protocol used on Novell Netware based LANS BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit BPDUs are data messages that are exchanged across the switches between LANs that are connected by a bridge BPDU packets contain information on ports addresses priorities and costs and are exchanged across bridges to detect and eliminate loops in a network ARP Address Resolution Protocol Computers on a LAN use ARP to learn the hardware addresses i e MAC addresses of other computers when they know only their IP addresses
142. ould be forwarded based on their destination IP addresses N Chapter 11 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol explains how to configure a protocol that enables the ADSL2 Router to share its routing information with other routers on your LAN or the Internet 82 T Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics The interfaces on the ADSL2 Router that communicate with other network and Internet devices are identified by unique Internet protocol IP addresses You can use the Configuration Manager to view the list of IP addresses that your device uses and to view other system and network performance data See Appendix A for a description of IP addresses and masks Viewing the ADSL2 Routers IP Addresses To view the ADSL2 Router s IP addresses click the Routing tab and then click IP Addr in the task bar The IP Address Table page displays Glabal stats J reies fi Help Figure 31 IP Address Table Page The table lists the IP addresses network masks Net Mask and interface names IF Name for each of its IP enabled interfaces The listed IP addresses may include N The IP address of the device s LAN Ethernet port called eth 0 See Chapter 40 for instructions on configuring this address The IP address of the device s USB interface named usb 0 See Chapter 40 for instructions on configuring this address The IP address of the WAN ADSL line interface which
143. outer hardware and software versions the system uptime since the last reboot and the preconfigured operating mode DSL Displays the operational status version and performance statistics for the DSL line You can click on DSL in the table heading or display the WAN tab to view additional DSL settings which are described in Chapter 16 34 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Table Heading Description WAN Interfaces Displays the software name s and various settings for the device interface s that communicate with your ISP via DSL Although you only have one physical DSL port multiple software defined interfaces can be configured to use it Most users need only one See Chapter 5 for more information about configuring the WAN interfaces For each interface a Lower Interface name such as aal 5 0 should display You can click on the lower interface name to view or change the ATM VC settings that this interface uses LAN Interface Displays the software names and various settings for the device interfaces that communicate directly with your network These typically include an Ethernet interface named eth 0 and may include a USB interface named usb 0 For information on modifying properties of these interfaces see Chapter 4 Services Summary Displays the status of various services that the ADSL2 Router performs to help you manage your network A green check mark indicates the service is active and a r
144. pecifies that the rule applies only to packets passed from the USB computer through the router s PPP interface This option is valid only for rules defined for the outgoing direction Action Specifies what the rule will do to a packet when the packet matches the rule criteria The action can be Accept forward to destination or Deny discard the packet Do not select the CallMgt option Log Option When Enabled is selected a log entry will be created on the system each time this rule is invoked Logging may be helpful when troubleshooting You can also disable logging log only packets that match rules or log only packets that do not match rules This information can be e mailed to designated administrators See Configuring Firewall Settings on page 127 for instructions 3 When you are finished you can enable the rule by clicking the Enable radio button at the top of the Bridge Filter Rule Add page Note however that a newly created rule even when enabled will not have any effect on traffic until at least one subrule has been added and enabled You can leave the rule disabled for now the default and enable it after configuring subrules 4 Click _ Submit and then click Close on the confirmation page The Bridge Filter Configuration page displays with the new rule at the bottom of the table 144 Now you can add subrules to specify criteria for the rule 5 On the Bridge Filter Configuration pa
145. priate hosts The WAN interface must also be enabled for the IGMP protocol see the Quick Configuration page and the corresponding instructions on page 26 MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit specifies the size in bytes of the largest Ethernet packet that the interface will accept Packets larger than this size will be dropped Enter an IP address and mask in the fields provided or enable an external or internal DHCP server in the Get LAN Address field Keep these points in mind N za Manually specifying an address If you are using routing services on you LAN such as DHCP and NAT you must assign a fixed LAN IP address and mask to the interface The IP address must be in the same subnet as your LAN computers that connect to it See Appendix A for an explanation of IP addresses and network masks If you change the LAN IP address you may need to update the DHCP configuration so that the addresses that the DHCP server dynamically assigns to your computers are on the same subnet as the new LAN IP address See Chapter 8 for instructions on changing the pool of dynamically assigned addresses Enabling DHCP If you choose to have the LAN interface be a DHCP client of an internal or external server the LAN Network Mask field will be dimmed and made unavailable for entry The LAN IP Address field will remain editable however The address that you specify here will be used as a request to the DHCP server This is referred to as a
146. provides an overview of the ADSL2 Router s features and basic setup and configuration instructions All users are encouraged to follow these setup instructions when first installing the ADSL2 Router on a network Some users may find these instructions sufficient to begin using the device o n their network with no additional changes required to the product settings Part 1 contains the following chapters N N Chapter 1 Getting to Know describes the product features and provides a parts list Chapter 2 Quick Start provides instructions for setting up the hardware and for performing initial configuration of the ADSL2 Router and your LAN PCs Chapter 3 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager provides basic instructions for using the ADSL2 Router s configuration program Detailed instructions for modifying each setting are provided in subsequent chapters 12 1 Getting to Know Features ADSL2 modem for high speed Internet access 10 100Base T Ethernet router to provide Internet connectivity to all computers on your LAN USB port for connecting a USB enabled PC Network address translation NAT firewall and IP filtering functions to provide security for your LAN Network configuration through DHCP Server and DHCP Relay Services including IP route and DNS server configuration za RIP and IP and DSL performance monitoring Configuration program you acces
147. quired by your ISP Services NAT Network NAPT rule enabled Address Translation Your computers private IP addresses see DHCP above will be translated to your public IP address whenever they access the Internet See Chapter 4 for a description of the NAT service 29 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Testing Your Setup The Quick Start process should enable any computer on your LAN to use the ADSL2 Router to access the Internet To test the connection turn on the device wait about 30 seconds and then verify that its LEDs are illuminated as shown in Table 2 Table 2 LED Indicators LED Behavior PWR Displays solid green to indicate that the device is turned on LAN Displays solid green when the Ethernet connection is up Flashes while data is being sent to and received from your LAN PCs DSL Displays solid yellow when the DSL line is up Flashes during DSL handshake If the LEDs illuminate as expected test your Internet connection from a LAN computer and from the USB computer if applicable Open your web browser and type the URL of any external website such as htto www yahoo com The LED labeled Internet should be blinking rapidly and may appear solid as the device connects to the site If the LEDs do not illuminate as expected or the web page does not display see Appendix A for troubleshooting suggestions Or contact your ISP for assistance 30 3 Getting Started with the C
148. r or device on the network The first part of every IP address contains the network ID and the rest of the address contains the host ID The length of the network ID depends on the network s class see following section Table 3 shows the structure of an IP address Table 3 IP Address structure Class A Network ID Class B Network ID Host ID Class C Network ID Host ID Here are some examples of valid IP addresses Class A 10 30 6 125 network 10 host 30 6 125 Class B 129 88 16 49 network 129 88 host 16 49 Class C 192 60 201 11 network 192 60 201 host 11 176 Appendix A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets Definition mask Network classes The three commonly used network classes are A B and C There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion These classes have different uses and characteristics Class A networks are the Internet s largest networks each with room for over 16 million hosts Up to 126 of these huge networks can exist for a total of over 2 billion hosts Because of their huge size these networks are used for WANs and by organizations at the infrastructure level of the Internet such as your ISP Class B networks are smaller but still quite large each able to hold over 65 000 hosts There can be up to 16 384 class B networks in existence A class B network might be appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government
149. ready established ADSL service with your Internet service provider ISP These instructions provide a basic configuration that should be compatible with your home or small office network setup If necessary refer to the subsequent chapters for additional configuration instructions Quick Start Part 1 Connecting the Hardware In Quick Start Part 1 you connect the device to the phone jack the power outlet and your computer or network Before you begin turn the power off for all devices These include your computer s your LAN hub switch if applicable and the ADSL2 Router Sep 1 Connectthe ADSLcabke Connect one end of the provided phone cable to the port labeled ADSL or DSL on the rear panel of the device Connect the other end to your wall phone jack Sep 2 Connectthe Ethemetcable If you are connecting a LAN to the ADSL2 Router attach one end of the provided Ethernet cable to a regular hub port and the other end to the Ethernet port on the ADSL2 Router Step 3 Install USB software and connectthe USB cable optional You can attach a single computer to the device using a USB cable The USB port is useful if you have an USB enabled PC that does not have a network interface card for attaching to your Ethernet 14 Chapter 1 About Part 1 network You must install software on the PC to enable communication see Connecting a computer to the USB port on page 22 Sep 4 Attach the powerconnector Connect
150. remain active za If necessary reconfigure your USB PC so that its IP address places it in the same subnet as the new IP address of the USB interface See Quick Start Part 2 Configuring Your Computers for instructions Log into Configuration Manager by typing the new USB interface IP address in your Web browser s address location box If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 48 5 Configuring WAN Interfaces TheADSL2 Routers WAN side interfaces are used to communication via the DSL port A WAN interface comprises two layers a lower level ATM VC interface and a higher level protocol interface N The ATM VC interface enables the device to communicate using the Asynchronous Transfer Mode protocol The ATM protocol provides a common format for transmitting data over a variety of hardware systems that make up the backbone of the Internet The virtual circuit VC properties of the ATM VC interface identify a unique path that your ADSL Ethernet router uses to communicate via the ATM based network with the telephone company central office equipment N The higher level protocol interface s operate on top of the ATM VC interface The higher level interface handles the protocols needed to log onto and exchange data with the ISP s access server ISPs can use several different protocols including the Point to Point Protocol PPP Ethernet over ATM EoA protocol
151. rewall and how to enable and disable them Chapter 14 Configuring Filters and Blocking Protocols describes how to create filters that allow or disallow various types of content and how to block certain types of protocols from entering or exiting your LAN 108 1 2 Configuring Network Address Translation Q Definitions Definitions This chapter provides an overview of Network Address Translation NAT and instructions for modifying theADSL2 Router s default configuration Overview of NAT Network Address Translation is a method for disguising the private IP addresses you use on your LAN as the public IP address you use on the Internet You define NAT rules that specify exactly how and when to translate between public and private IP addresses A private IP address is created by a network administrator for use only on a LAN whereas a public IP address is purchased from the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN for use on the Internet Typically your ISP provides a public IP address for your entire LAN and you define the private addresses for computers on your LAN In a typical NAT setup your ISP provides you with a single public IP address to use for your entire network Then you assign each computer on your LAN a unique private IP address Or you define a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your computers as described in Chapter 8 On the ADSL2 Router you setup a NAT ru
152. rface must be bridge enabled The configuration would have these features N za A bridge enabled EoA WAN interface Bridged IP connections must use an EoA type WAN interface An IP address may or may not be specified for the interface Note that even when the device communicates with your ISP as a bridge its Ethernet interface must remain IP enabled to allow you access to the Configuration Manager program through your Web browser The ADSL2 Router can also continue to provide certain IP based services to your LAN such as DHCP server and DNS relay Both the LAN eth 0 and or usb 0 and the WAN interfaces eoa 0 are enabled for bridging See Making Interfaces Bridgeable Bridge Enabled on page 71 The bridging service is enabled See Enabling Bridging Mode on page 72 The ISP should provide setup instructions for the LAN PC s which may involve installing software to enable logging in to their servers called a PPPoE client The PC s gateway IP address should be configured as the IP address of the ISPs access server In the System View page in the Home tab the Mode field will reflect Routing and Bridging Although you are exclusively using a bridging connection to your ISP the device recognizes at least one IP enabled interface eth 0 and therefore regards the device as capable of both routing and bridging 74 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Scenario 3 Routed and Bridged Connections to ISP In this confi
153. rfaces on the access server Autodetect searches for these interfaces in the order stated Depending on the interface detected Autodetect creates a PPP an EoA or an IPoA interface on the modem In this mode the modem is expected to be configured as a router za 174 Configuring Autodetect Follow these steps to configure Autodetect 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click Autodetect to display the Autodetect page 4utedetect This pace is asec te sucira FIAC osis acd ths corrss320ding suppe sd p roco s Fnable 2 Oisable Astodeted ede FE Hc gt xxcolz Sets aed Figure 85 Autodetect Page 2 Select the appropriate Autodetect mode of operation as described in the previous section from the Autodetect Mode drop down list 3 Click the Enable radio button 4 Click Submit A page will display briefly to confirm your changes Autodetect will not start searching for a valid connection until the modem is rebooted 5 Click _Reset Awarning message will display to inform you that the current configuration will be lost 6 Click ___U The modem will reboot and the Web interface will be temporarily unavailable Upon reboot Autodetect will begin searching for a valid VC and will create a PPP an EoA or an IPoA interface on your modem corresponding to the type of interface detected on the access server You can monitor the success or failure of the Autodetect proces
154. rivate and public IP addreSSe 2 seseceeceeeeeeteeeeeesees 117 The RDR rule Allowing external access to a LAN COMPUS ocsi nanenane 119 The Basic rule Performing 1 1 translations 122 The Filter rule Configuring a Basic rule with additional criteria 0 eee eeeseeeeseeeeeeseeeeeeeeseseeseaeaes 123 The Bimap rule Performing two way tansan S senn nite ten 125 The Pass rule Allowing specific addresses to pass through untranslated sscceeeeeeeeees 126 1 3 Configuring Firewall SettingS ccccccceee 127 Configuring Global Firewall Settings cceee 127 Managing the Blacklist cceceesesseeeseseeeseeeeeseeeeeeneaeeees 130 1 4 Configuring Filters and Blocking Protocols 131 Configuring IP Filters enuan 132 Viewing Your IP Filter Configuration 132 Configuring IP Filter Global SettingS tee 133 Creating IP Filter RUICS ee eeeeeseeeeseeesteteeeeteteeeeeeees 134 IP filter rule examples 0 eeeseeeseeeeseseeeeeeseeeeeeeseeseaeaes 139 Viewing IP Filter Statistics eeeeeesseseeeeeeeeseeeeeeees 140 Managing Current IP Filter Sessions 0 0 0 140 Configuring Bridge Filters eeessssscestseeseteeesteeteeeees 142 Configuring Global Bridge Filter Settings 142 Adding Bridge Filter RUI S ssesesesseceseeeeeeeees 143 Bridge Filter Rule Example eceseseseseseseeeeeeeseas 147 Editing and Deleting Rules and Subrules
155. rom which the file is to be downloaded 3 Inthe Upgrade File text box type the complete name of the file to be downloaded and installed The file name can be either TElmage bin or TEPatch bin where represents any number of characters 4 Inthe Username and Password fields type the logon information to the ISP s server if the ISP requires it 169 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 5 Click Upload An alert window pops up displaying the following message Image upgrade may take a few minutes after which the system will reboot 6 Click E start the image upgrade The file begins downloading from the ISP s server and loading the image into flash When image upgrade is complete the following message displays Remote Image Upgrade Successful The system will proceed to reboot itself automatically Wait 1 minute to allow the reboot to complete You must refresh your browser and log in again if you want to continue using Configuration Manager Storing and Restoring Configuration Settings Many of theADSL2 Router s software features such as those documented in this User s Guide can be configured in various ways to address your needs or your ISP s requirements This configuration data becomes part of the software image You can extract configuration data from the software image and save it on your PC as a text file If you later change the system configuration but then want to revert to the previous settings
156. rotocol TCP IP properties Instead of enabling dynamic assignment of the IP addresses for the computer DNS server and default gateway click the radio buttons that enable you to enter the information manually Your PCs must have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the ADSL2 Router s LAN interface Ifthe IP addresses you manually assign to your LAN PCs are in a different subnet than the LAN interface follow the instructions in Chapter 4 to change the LAN interface IP address as needed 21 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Connecting a computerto the USB port If you use the ADSL2 Router s USB port to connect to a PC you must install the provided USB driver software on the PC The driver enables Ethernet over USB communication with the ADSL2 Router Configuring the USB computer is a two part process In USB Driver Installation Part 1 you install the USB driver on the PC In USB Driver Installation Part 2 you configure the IP properties on the PC USB Driver Installation Part 1 Installing the USB Driver on the PC 1 Ensure that the USB cable is not connected to the USB port on the PC The installation program will prompt you when to connect the cable 2 Copy the USB installation files to a temporary directory on the USB computer 3 Inthe folder where you copied the files double click on setup exe to start the DSL Modem Setup Wizard The Welcome page for the DSL Modem Setup Wizard displa
157. s The bridge filter rules specify which bits of the packet are to be examined and what criteria those bits must meet in order to qualify as a match for the rule When a packet matches a rule it can either be accepted forwarded towards its destination or denied discarded depending on the action specified in the rule Bridge filters can be used when the unit is configured in either bridge or router mode Configuring Global Bridge Filter Settings To display the Bridge Filter Configuration page click the Services tab and then click Bridge Filter in the task bar Bridge Filter Confiqu ation tiker ales a sumes T 4 betes i mesh O FFF a ffsst 12 hoss o D Asazsr iss enee e E N f CHE ia Hime Tiszbl cies clelciesiciek Ir Si Ce ZiszW bes uH mech 0 FFF t ofee OE bebe fom U E e d rles ebese i63 ame es Figure 62 Bridge Filter Configuration Page The Bridge Filter Configuration page displays a table for viewing adding and managing rules and enables you to configure global bridge filter settings For descriptions of the items in the table see Adding Bridge Filter Rules on page 143 You can also configure the following global settings on this page 142 Field Description Enable Disable You can click the Enable and Disable radio buttons to activate deactivate the service Although each rule can be independently enabled
158. s This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you specify ICMP as the protocol 137 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Field Description ICMP Code Specifies whether the value in the code field in ICMP packet headers will be used as criteria The code value can be any decimal value from 0 255 You can specify that the value must equal eq or not equal neq the specified value or you can select any to enable the rule to be invoked on all ICMP packets This field will be dimmed unavailable for entry unless you specify ICMP as the protocol IP Frag Pkt Determines how the rule applies to IP packets that contain fragments You can choose from the following options o Yes The rule will be applied only to packets that contain fragments o No The rule willbe applied only to packets that do not contain fragments o Ignore Default The rule will be applied to packets whether or not they contain fragments assuming that they match the other criteria IP Option Pkt Determines whether the rule should apply to IP packets that have options specified in their packet headers O Yes The rule will be applied only to packets that contain header options o No The rule willbe applied only to packets that do not contain header options o ignore Default The rule will be applied to packets whether or not they contain header options assuming that they match the other criteria Packet Si
159. s configured to use a non standard port number for the type of traffic it receives type the non standard port number in the Local Port field This option translates the standard port number in packets destined for your LAN computer to the non standard number you specify For example if your Web server uses non standard port 2000 but you expect incoming data packets to refer to Standard port 80 you would enter 2000 here and select HTTP or type 80 in the Destination Port fields The headers of incoming packets destined for port 80 will be modified to refer to port 2000 The packet will then be routed appropriately to the web server Follow steps 8 11 under The NAPT rule on page 117 to submit your changes 121 ADSL2 Router User s Guide The Basic rule Performing 1 1 tandations The Basic flavor translates the private _LAN side IP address to a public WAN side address like NAPT rules However unlike NAPT rules Basic rules do not also translate the port numbers in the packet header they are passed through untranslated Therefore the Basic rule does not provide the same level of security as the NAPT rule Figure 52 shows the fields used for adding a Basic rule NAT Rule Add NAT Bule Information Rule Flavor Rule ID if Hame Protecais focal Address from ioca Address To se ess ss fess Giobal Address From jh p k Ek Global Address To h 3 k fc Figure 52 NAT Rule
160. s are available on the IPoA Interface Modify page To modify the other settings you must delete the interface and create a new one Be sure to submit and commit your changes if you make modifications 65 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Adding IPoA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an IPoA interface 1 Display the IPoA page and click Ada The IPoA Interface Add page displays IPoA Interface Add IPoA interface Jipoa 0 Conf IP Address fo fo fo fo interface Sec Type Public Netmask RFC L577 Enable Use DHCP Disable Enable Disable Gateway IP Address i m C ict Figure 25 IPoA Interface Add Page Default Route 2 Select the next available interface name from the IPoA Interface drop down list 3 Inthe Configured IP Address and Net Mask text boxes type the address and mask that you want to assign to the IPoA interface If you enable the DHCP option in step 6 below then the IP address you enter here will serve as a requested address the DHCP server may assign another address if necessary 4 From the Interface Sec Type drop down list select the level of firewall security for the interface Public Private or DMZ see page 64 for definitions 5 Inthe RFC 1577 field click the Yes radio button if the interface complies with the IETF specification RFC 1577 and click Ada 6 Ifthe remote IPoA computer provides a DHCP server you c
161. s by displaying the System Log page located in the Admin tab If you disable Autodetect be sure to commit your changes Also when Autodetect is disabled you must manually configure ATM VC information as described in Configuring the ATM VC on page 50 175 A IP Addresses Network Masks and Subnets IP Addresses This section pertains only to IP addresses for IPv4 version 4 of the Internet Protocol IPv6 addresses are not covered IP addresses the Internet s version of telephone numbers are used to identify individual nodes computers or devices on the Internet Every IP address contains four numbers each from 0 to 255 and separated by dots periods e g 20 56 0 211 These numbers are called from left to right field1 field2 field3 and field4 This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers separated by dots is called dotted decimal notation The IP address 20 56 0 21 1 is read twenty dot fifty six dot zero dot two eleven Structure ofan IP address IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers For example a 7 digit telephone number starts with a 3 digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of telephone lines and ends with four digits that identify one specific line in that group Similarly IP addresses contain two kinds of information Network ID Identifies a particular network within the Internet or intranet Host ID Identifies a particular compute
162. s the device stays on if power is turned off or you reboot the date and time revert to default values and must again be updated When you enable SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol the device connects to an ISP server that provides the date and time information You cannot use Configuration Manager to specify the IP address of this server it must have been included as a preconfigured software setting Verify with the ISP that they have provided an SNTP server address in the configuration before enabling this service za Setting the ADSL2 Router date and time whether manually or through SNTP does not affect the date and time on your PCs Follow these instructions to change the system date and time or enable SNTP 1 Atthe bottom of the Home page click _Modify The System Modify page displays in a separate browser window System Modify Enable Disable Time Zone Daylight Saving Time ame Domain Name Figure 11 System Modify Page 36 Chapter 1 About Part 1 2 Modify the fields on this page as required The following table describes each field Option Description SNTP To enable SNTP click the Enable radio button The remaining date and time fields will be dimmed unavailable for entry Date and Time To set the date and time manually ensure that the SNTP field is set to Disable Click the date and time check boxes to select the appropriate valu
163. s via your Web browser System Requirements You must have the following N za za ADSL service up and running on your telephone line One or more computers each containing an Ethernet 10Base T 100Base T network interface card NIC and or a single computer with a USB port An Ethernet hub or switch if you are connecting the device to more than one computer on an Ethernet network For system configuration using the supplied web based program a web browser such as Internet Explorer v5 0 or later or Netscape v6 1 or later Parts Check 2aaaaat zZ zZ ADSL2 Router Power adapter USB cable Optional Ethernet cable straight through type RJ11 phone cable Quick Installation Guide Driver CD 13 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 Quick Start A WARNING This Quick Start provides basic instructions for connecting the ADSL2 Router to a computer or LAN and to the Internet N Quick Start Part 1 describes setting up the hardware N Quick Start Part 2 describes how to configure Internet properties on your computer s and how to install the software for using a computer attached to the USB port optional Quick Start Part 3 shows you how to configure basic settings on the ADSL2 Router to get your LAN or PC connected to the Internet After setting up and configuring the device you can follow the instructions on page 30 to verify that it is working properly Z This Quick Start assumes that you have al
164. signed from the ISP s server In this mode the ADSL Ethernet router is considered a DHCP clientof your or your ISP s DHCP server The ADSL2 Router itself can function as a DHCP server for your LAN computers as described in Chapter 8 but not for its own LAN interface Follow these steps to change the default LAN IP properties or to configure the LAN interface as a DHCP client 1 Log into Configuration Manager and click the LAN tab The LAN Configuration page displays 44 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Get Lal Sdorers iebes el DAC Se ser C Inte 2l 240 Se er LAN iP address fuse fee nA EJ LAN Network Mask Es E pse Speed COET Duplex ai E arae G Iiebe Tu 15 IGEP Figure 13 LAN Configuration Page Depending on the preconfigured settings the LAN Configuration or USB Configuration table may not display You cannot create these interfaces using Configuration Manager Contact your ISP for assistance The LAN Configuration table displays the following settings Setting Description System Mode Identifies the system operating mode for your device such as Routing mode Bridging mode or both modes simultaneously See Chapter 6 for information on the system operating modes Get LAN Address Provides options for how the device s LAN interface is assigned an IP address o Manual indicates that you will be assigning a static IP address wh
165. specification named RFC 1577 Classical IP and ARP over ATM contact your ISP if unsure 64 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Field Description Lower interface IPOA interfaces are defined in software and then associated with lower level software and hardware structures at the lowest level they are associated with a physical port the WAN port This field should reflect an interface name defined in the next lower level of software over which the IPoA interface will operate This willbe an ATM VC interface such as aal5 0 Peer IP Address The IP address of the remote computer you will be connecting to via the WAN interface Config IP Address and Netmask The IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface If DHCP is enabled this address serves as a request to the remote computer s DHCP server which may assign another address Gateway Address The external IP address that the ADSL Ethernet router communicates with via the IPoA interface to gain access to the Internet This is typically an ISP server Status A green or red ball will display to indicate that the interface is currently up or down respectively You cannot manually enable or disable the interface a down interface may indicate a problem with the DSL connection or with the remote IPoA computer Action Icons you can click on to edit F or delete T the associated IPoA interface Not all setting
166. ss and source port number back to the original values having kept track of the changes it made earlier and then routes the packet to the originating computer NAT rules such as these provide several benefits They eliminate the need for purchasing multiple public IP addresses for computers on your LAN You can make up your own private IP addresses at no cost and then have them translated to the public IP address when your computers access the Internet They provide a measure of security for you LAN by enabling you to assign private IP addresses and then have these and the source port numbers swapped out before your computers access the Internet The type of NAT function described above is called network address port translation NAPT You can use other types called flavors of NAT for other purposes for example providing outside access to your LAN or translating multiple private addresses to multiple public addresses za For a description of NAPT rules see page 117 110 Viewing NATGlobal Settings and Statistics To view your NAT settings log into Configuration Manager and click the Services tab The NAT Configuration page displays by default 0 Csabi TCP Closs Watses FCP Def Fmexxise vor rmexwrjserj ICNP Tmextjserj SRE Famexx ser Pefeat tat dgefsesl APT Dart Stat NAPT Port Ead Figure 44 NAT Configuration Page The NAT Configuration page contains t
167. ss from a DHCP server Click Da twice to confirm and save your changes and then close the Control Panel 20 Chapter 1 About Part 1 Assigning static Intemetinformation to your PCs In some cases you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly often called statically rather than allowing the ADSL2 Router to assign it This option may be desirable but not required t You have obtained one or more public IP addresses that you want to always associate with specific computers for example if you are using a computer as a public web server You maintain different subnets on your LAN subnets are described in Appendix A Before you begin be sure to have the following information on hand Contact your ISP if necessary N The IP address and subnet mask to be assigned to each PC N The IP address of the default gateway for your LAN In most cases this is the address assigned to the LAN interface on the ADSL2 Router By default the LAN interface is assigned this IP address 192 168 1 1 You can change this number or another number can be assigned by your ISP See Chapter 4 for more information The IP address of your ISP s Domain Name System DNS server On each PC follow the instructions on pages 16 through 20 relating only to checking for and or installing the IP protocol Once it is installed continue to follow the instructions for displaying Internet P
168. ss that you want to serve as the publicly known address for the LAN computer 5 Follow steps 8 11 under The NAPT rule on page 117 to submit your changes 125 ADSL2 Router User s Guide The Pas rule Allowing specific addresses to pass through untrandated You can create a Pass rule to allow a range of IP addresses to remain untranslated when another rule would otherwise do so NAT Rule Add Rule Flavor Rule ID if Name Local Address From tocal Address To z ss ss fess m Figure 55 NAT Rule Add Page Pass Flavor The Pass rule must be assigned a rule ID that is a lower number than the ID assigned to the rule it is intended to pass In you want a specific IP address or range of addresses to not be subject to an existing rule say rule number 5 then you can create a Pass rule with an ID number from 1 to 4 Follow these instructions to add a Pass rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 117 for detailed instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule Add Page select PASS as the Rule Flavor and enter a Rule ID Select the interface on which this rule will be effective In the Local Address From and Local Address To fields type the lowest and highest IP addresses that define the range of private address you want to be passed without translation If you want the Pass rule to act on only one address type that address in both fields 4
169. structions on page 39 to commit them DNS addresses that are assigned to LAN PCs prior to enabling DNS relay will remain in effect until the PC is rebooted DNS relay will only take effect when a PC s DNS address is the LAN IP address Similarly if after enabling DNS relay you specify a DNS address other than the LAN IP address in a DHCP pool or statically on a PC then that address will be used instead of the DNS relay address 97 10 Configuring IP Routes You can use Configuration Manager to define specific routes for your Internet and network data This chapter describes basic routing concepts and provides instructions for creating routes Note that most users do not need to define IP routes Overview of IP Routes The essential challenge of a router is when it receives data intended for a particular destination which next device should it send that data to When you define IP routes you provide the rules that a computer uses to make these decisions IP routing versus telephone switching IP routing decisions are similar to those made by switchboards that handle telephone calls When you dial a long distance telephone number you are first connected to a switchboard operated by your local phone service carrier All calls you initiate go first to this main switchboard If the phone number you dialed is outside your calling area the switchboard opens a connection to a higher level switchboard for long distance calls
170. te interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received on a private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network o The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a level of protection that is in between those for public and private interfaces Lower interface EoA interfaces are defined in software and then associated with lower level software and hardware structures at the lowest level they are associated with a physical port the WAN port This field should reflect an interface name defined in the next lower level of software over which the EoA interface will operate This willbe an ATM VC interface such as aal5 0 Contig IP Address and Netmask The IP address and network mask you want to assign to the interface If the interface will be used for bridging with your ISP and you will not be using the ADSL2 Router as a router on your LAN then you do not need to specify IP information If you enable DHCP for this interface then the Configured IP address will serve only as a request to the DHCP server The actual address that is assigned by the ISP may differ if this address is not available Use DH
171. ted to restart Windows click Le ADSL2 Router User s Guide Windows NT4 0 workstations First check for the IP protocol and if necessary install it 1 In the Windows NT task bar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel In the Control Panel window double click the Network icon In the Network dialog box click the Protocols tab The Protocols tab displays a list of currently installed network protocols If the list includes TCP IP then the protocol has already been enabled Skip to step 9 If TCP IP does not display as an installed component click Add In the Select Network Protocol dialog box select TCP IP and then click Bt You may be prompted to install files from your Windows NT installation CD or other media Follow the instructions to install the files After all files are installed a window displays to inform you that a TCP IP service called DHCP can be set up to dynamically assign IP information Click __ ves to continue and then click ue if prompted to restart your computer Next configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the ADSL2 Router 7 10 11 Open the Control Panel window and then double click the Network icon In the Network dialog box click the Protocols tab In the Protocols tab select TCP IP and then click Properties In the Microsoft TCP IP Properties dialog box click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP addre
172. terface names on which you want to perform bridging and click Add 62 Chapter 2 About Part 2 14 15 16 To enable bridging with your ISP select the EoA interface and the LAN interface s eth O and or usb 0 You can enable bridging on an IP enabled EoA interface in this case the same interface will be capable of handling both bridged and routed data packets Click the Bridging Enable Disable link The System Mode page displays System Mode This page is used to enable disable various system features Bridging WAN to WAN Bridging BRAS ZIPB Figure 23 System Mode Page You can also access the System Mode page from the task bar in the Home tab Click the Bridging Enabled radio button if not already selected and then click _Submit A page will briefly display to confirm your changes and will return you to the Bridge Configuration page If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them 63 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring IPoA Interfaces An IPoA interface can be used to exchange IP packets over the ATM network without using an underlying Ethernet over ATM EoA connection Typically this type of interface is used only in product development and test environments to eliminate unneeded variables when evaluating IP protocol processing To configure an IPoA interface log into Configuration Manager click
173. th the ISP and to provide the required LAN services The correct operating mode will be selected automatically when these settings are properly configured za The following sections describe how to configure IP enabled and bridge enabled interfaces and how to enable disable the Bridging setting Several common configurations are described on pages 73 75 70 Chapter 2 About Part 2 Configuring Routable and Bridgeable Interfaces Making Interfaces Routable IP Enabled A routable or IP enabled interface is simply one that has been assigned an IP address IP enabled interfaces are capable of forwarding IP packets You can assign IP addresses to any LAN or WAN interface N For information about assigning IP information to LAN interfaces e g eth O and usb 0 see Chapter 4 For information about assigning IP information to WAN interfaces see Chapter 5 Making Interfaces Bridgeable Bridge Enabled When you make an interface bridgeable you enable the software to receive Ethernet packets through that interface for forwarding through the device s other bridgeable interfaces If an interface is not bridgeable it can only forward IP packets assuming the interface has been IP enabled If you create a LAN or WAN interface it must be IP enabled bridge enabled or both An interface that has no IP address and is not made bridgeable will not pass any data Follow these instructions to specify which interfaces can p
174. the AC power adapter to the Power connector on the back of the device and plug in the adapter to a wall outlet or power strip Sep 5 Tum on the ADS2 Routerand powerup yoursystems Press the On Off switch on the back panel of the device to the On position Turn on and boot up your computer s and any connected LAN devices such as hubs or switches 15 ADSL2 Router User s Guide A Note Quick Start Part 2 Configuring YourComputers Quick Start Part 2 provides instructions for configuring the Internet settings on your computers to work with the ADSL2 Router Before you begin By default the ADSL2 Router automatically assigns all required Internet settings to your PCs You need only to configure the PCs to accept the information when it is assigned In some cases you may want to assign Internet information manually to some or all of your computers rather than allow the ADSL2 Router to do so See Assigning static Internet information to your PCs on page 21 for instructions N Ifyou have connected your PC via the USB port see the USB configuration instructions on page 22 Ifyou have connected your PC s or LAN via Ethernet to the ADSL2 Router follow the instructions that correspond to the operating systems installed on your PCs Windows XPPCs 1 In the Windows task bar click start and then click Control Panel Double click the Network Connections icon In the LAN or High Speed Internet window
175. the WAN tab and then click IPoA in the task bar The IPoA Configuration page displays IP over ATM IP oA Corfigurecion Sts vesn_ Sic a Dees IPlS Inbe tice 42 Pia incz fazet Figure 24 IPoA Configuration Page The table contains a row for each IPoA interface currently defined The table may initially be empty The following table describes the fields on this page Field Description Interface The name the software uses to identify the IPoA interface Interface Sec Type The type of security protections in effect on the interface public private or DMZ o A public interface connects to the Internet IPoA interfaces are typically public Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software o A private interface connects to your LAN such as the Ethernet interface Packets received ona private interface are subject to a less restrictive set of protections because they originate within the network The term DMZ de militarized zone in Internet networking terms refers to computers that are available for both public and in network accesses such as a company s public Web server Packets incoming on a DMZ interface whether from a LAN or external source are subject to a level of protection that is in between those for public and private interfaces RFC 1577 Specifies whether the IPoA protocol to be used complies with the IEFT
176. the half open sessions will be closed and replaced with new sessions as they are initiated Max ICMP Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP sessions that can be used for ICMP messages If the percentage is exceeded then older ICMP IP sessions will be replaced by new sessions as the are initiated Max Single Host Connection Sets the percentage of concurrent IP session that can originate from a single computer This percentage should take into account the number of hosts on the LAN 128 3 Click Submit 4 Field Description Log Destination Specifies how attempted violations of the firewall settings will be tracked Records of such events can be sent via Ethernet to be handled bya system utility Trace or can e mailed to specified administrators E mail ID of Admin 1 2 3 Specifies the e mail addresses of the administrators who should receive notices of any attempted firewall violations Type the addresses in standard internet e mail address format e g Jxsmith onecompany com The e mail message will contain the time of the violation the source address of the computer responsible for the violation the destination IP address the protocol being used the source and destination ports and the number violations occurring the previous 30 minutes If the ICMP protocol is being used then instead of the source and destination ports the e mail will report the ICMP code and type
177. the network ID but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field 4 is also included Since this extra bit has only two values 0 and 1 this means there are two subnets Each subnet 177 ADSL2 Router User s Guide uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs which range from 0 to 127 instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address Similarly to split a class C network into four subnets the mask is 255 255 255 192 or 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000 The two extra bits in field4 can have four values 00 01 10 11 so there are four subnets Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs ranging from 0 to 63 Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits and thus no subnets Such a mask is called a default subnet mask These masks are Class A 255 0 0 0 Class B 255 255 0 0 Class C 255 255 255 0 These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured at which time it has no subnets 178 B Troubleshooting This appendix suggests solutions for problems you may encounter in installing or using the ADSL2 Router and provides instructions for using several IP utilities to diagnose problems Contact Customer Support if these suggestions do not resolve the problem Problem Troubleshooting Suggestion LEDs POWER LED does not Verify that you are using the power cable provided illuminate after prod
178. ting devices to determine the best path for sending data to its intended destination Routing devices communicate this information using a variety of IP protocols This chapter describes how to configure the ADSL2 Router to use one of these called the Routing Information Protocol RIP RIP Overview RIP is an Internet protocol you can set up to share routing table information with other routing devices on your LAN at your ISP s location or on remote networks connected via the ADSL line Generally RIP is used to enable communication on autonomous networks An autonomous network is one in which all computers are administered by the same entity An autonomous network may be a single network or a grouping of several networks under the same administration An example of an autonomous network is a corporate LAN including devices that can access it from remote locations such as the computers telecommuters use Using RIP each device sends its routing table to its closest neighbor every 30 seconds The neighboring device in turn passes the information on to its next neighbor and so on until all devices in the autonomous network have the same set of routes When should you configure RIP Most small home or office networks do not need to use RIP they have only one router such as the ADSL2 Router and one path to an ISP In these cases there is no need to share routes because all Internet data from the network is sent to the same ISP gate
179. tion Inside or Outside of the translation A NAT direction is assigned to each interface the Ethernet and USB interfaces are defined as inside and the WAN interfaces are defined as outside The NAT direction is determined by the interface on which the rule is invoked Entry Age The elapsed time in seconds of the NAT translation session You can click in the Action column to view additional details about a NAT translation session 115 ADSL2 Router User s Guide NAT TRANSLATION Details Translation Index Rute ID if Name Pratocat UDP ALG Type Translation Direction Outside NAT Age 209 Translated InAddress 10 0 20 102 in Address 192 168 1 4 Out Address 192 168 1 255 In Packets 0 Out Packets 39 in Ports 137 Out Ports 137 Transtated in Ports cose f Rotresh l nein Figure 49 NAT Translation Details Page In addition to the information displayed in the NAT Translations table this table displays the following for the selected current translation sessions Field Description Translated The public IP address to which the private IP InAddress address was translated In Address The private IP address that was translated Out Address The IP address of the outside destination web ftp site etc In Out Packets The number of incoming and outgoing IP packets that have been translated in this translation sessio
180. to configure the ATM Virtual Circuit VC interface and higher level interfaces that the device uses to communicate via the DSL port N Chapter 6 Configuring the System Operating Mode describes the device s operating modes and explains how the LAN and WAN interfaces must be configured to enable each mode 42 4 Configuring the LAN and USB Interfaces This chapter describes how to configure the interfaces on the ADSL2 Router that communicate with your LAN and USB computers Connecting Your PCs via Bhemetand or USB If you are using the ADSL Ethernet router with multiple PCs on your LAN you must connect the LAN via an Ethernet hub or switch to the device s LAN port also called the Ethernet port If you are using a single PC with the ADSL Ethernet router you have two connection options You can connect the PC directly to the LAN port using a crossover Ethernet cable See Appendix B Troubleshooting for a description of crossover versus straight through Ethernet cables If the PC is USB enabled you can connect it directly to the device s USB port Only one computer can be connected in this manner You can also use the USB and Ethernet ports simultaneously connecting your LAN via the Ethernet port and a standalone PC to the USB port za LAN and USB interfaces are preconfigured and cannot be created using Configuration Manager However you can modify the properties of an existing interface If you require
181. to provide external access to your web server Your ADSL Ethernet router receives a packet containing a request for access to your Web server The packet header contains the public address for your LAN as the destination IP address and a destination port number of 80 Because you have set up an RDR rule for incoming packets with destination port 80 the device recognizes the data as a request for Web server access The device changes the packet s destination address to the private IP address of your Web server and forwards the data packet to it Your Web server sends data packets in response Before the ADSL Ethernet router forwards them on to the Internet it changes the source IP address in the data packets from the Web server s private address to your LAN s public address To an external Internet user then it appears as if your Web server uses your public IP address Figure 51 shows the fields used to establish an RDR rule NAT Rule Add NAT Rule Rule Flavor Rule ID if Name Protocol Local Address From iLocal Address To Global Address From fo fo b fo Global Address Ta fo fo fo fo Destination Port From any other port z p Destination Port To any other port fossa5 Loca Port Any other port bp Figure 51 NAT Rule Add Page RDR Flavor 119 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Follow these instructions to add an RDR rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rul
182. twork Double click the file and then click _Upload The following message displays while the file is being uploaded Loading New Software Please do not interrupt the upgrade process The system will reboot soon Please open a new browser window to continue browsing When the system reboots your connection to the Configuration Manager will be suspended and may appear to hang If you want to continue to use Configuration Manager wait about 30 seconds and Refresh the browser window e g press lt F5 gt if using Internet Explorer You may need to log in again 171 18 Modifying Port Settings This chapter describes how to modify the Port ID numbers associated with theADSL2 Router s Web FTP and Telnet servers Overview of IP port numbers The header information in an IP data packet specifies a destination port number Routers use the port number along with the IP addresses to forward the packet to its intended recipient For example all IP data packets that the ADSL Ethernet router receives from the Internet specify the same IP address your public IP address as the destination However depending on the port number contained in a data packets the ADSL Ethernet router may pass the packet on to its embedded Web or Telnet servers or to another computer on the network The Internet community has developed a list of common server types such as HTTP Telnet e mail and many others and has defined port numbers that can be
183. ublic IP addresses that the private addresses should be translated to Or type the same address in both fields if you also specified a single address in step 4 6 Follow steps 8 11 under The NAPT rule on page 117 to submit your changes The Filterrule Configuring a Basic rule with additional criteria Like the Basic flavor the Filter flavor translates public and private IP addresses on a one to one basis The Filter flavor extends the capability of the Basic rule Refer to The Basic Rule on page 122 for a general description You can use the Filter rule if you want an address translation to occur only when your LAN computers initiate access to specific destinations The destinations can be identified by their IP addresses port type which identifies it as a FTP or Web server for example or both Figure 53 shows the fields used to establish a Filter rule MAT Rule Add Rute Flavor Rute ID if ome Protocol Local Address From tocal Address To Global Address From Glohai Address To Bestinetion Address From Bestinetion Address To Sestination Port From an che pes fc Bestinetion Port To ane cthe pe E See Figure 53 NAT Rule Add Page Filter Flavor Follow these instructions to add a Filter rule see steps 1 4 under The NAPT rule on page 117 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below 1 Display the NAT Rule A
184. uct is with the device and that it is securely connected to turned on the ADSL2 Router and a wall socket power strip INTERNET LED does Verify that a standard telephone cable called an not illuminate after phone cable is attached RJ 11 cable like the one provided is securely connected to the ADSL port and your wall phone jack Allow about 30 seconds for the device to negotiate a connection with your ISP Ethernet LED does not illuminate after Ethernet cable is attached Verify that the Ethernet cable is securely connected to your LAN hub or PC and to the ADSL2 Router Make sure the PC and or hub is turned on Verify that you are using a straight through type Ethernet cable to the uplink port on a hub or a cross over type cable to a stand alone PC If you connected the device to an ordinary hub port not Uplink you must use a straight through cable To check hold the connectors at each end of the cable side by side with the plastic spring facing down Looking at the wires from left to right if the first second third and sixth wires are the same color on the two connectors then it is a straight through type On a cross over type wire 1 on one connector should be the same color as wire 3 on the other The same is true of wires 2 and 6 Verify that your cable is sufficient for your network requirements A 100 Mbit sec network 10BaseTx should use cables labeled CAT 5 A 10Mbit sec network may tolerate lower quality c
185. uctions on page 39 to commit them Configuring the USB Interface IP Address as If the LAN Configuration page is not already displaying click the LAN tab If the USB Configuration table does not display below the LAN Configuration table then your system does not support a USB connection Contact your ISP for assistance In the USB Configuration table enter the IP Address and Network Mask for the USB interface The IP address must place the USB interface in the same subnet as the USB computer The USB interface and USB computer can also be in the same subnet as the LAN interface and the computers attached to it For example if the LAN and USB interfaces are assigned addresses 192 168 1 1 and 192 168 1 2 respectively then the PCs attached to either port can be assigned addresses in the range 192 168 1 3 through 192 168 1 254 If you are using IGMP on your network click the IGMP Enable radio button See the explanation of IGMP on page 46 In the MTU field enter the Maximum Transmission Unit size in bytes This specifies the largest Ethernet packet that the interface will accept Packets larger than this size will be dropped Click Submit 47 ADSL2 Router User s Guide N If you changed the USB interface IP address while working from the USB attached computer then the connection will be terminated If you were using the Ethernet interface a page will display to confirm your change and your connection will
186. unity is a named group of IP addresses These addresses identify the hosts that are permitted to act as SNMP management stations for accessing the MIB Each community is defined as having either read only or read write privileges The data stored in the MIB includes the standard items defined for the SNMP protocol and custom items defined by the ISP The MIB contents are preconfigured by the ISP and cannot be managed via the Web based interface Acomplete SNMP setup includes the following items N A management station equipped with an SNMP manager client that enables sending messages to an SNMP agent e g the modem This configuration is not described here A MB stored in the modem s memory This must be preconfigured in the software image by the ISP The SNMP service enabled on the modem including defined communities that allow read only or read write accesses from specific hosts This configuration is described below Creating Communities za za 1 Log into Configuration Manager click the Admin tab and then click SNMP Config in the task bar The SNMP Configuration page displays SAMP Configuration The p2g gt lt use bo iv ald ad odf STA Cmm nt ad s fo fy _1 h n SHMP Trap Qineble E Figure 70 SNMP Configuration 2 On the SNMP Configuration page type a community name in the empty text box in the left column of the table 157 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 3 From the Access column of th
187. uns a series of test to check whether the device s connections are up and working This takes only a few seconds and the results for each test are displayed on screen Pass Fail or Skipped A test may be skipped if the program determines that no suitable interface is configured on which to run the test You can click Help to display an explanation of each test Work with your ISP to interpret the results of the diagnostic tests 164 Using the Ping Utility Ping is acommand you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify If the computer receives the message it sends messages in reply To use ping you must know the IP address or domain name of the computer you want to communicate with For example you can test whether the path to the ISP is working if you know the IP address of their access server The Diagnostics page provides a utility for executing ping Follow these steps 1 Display the WAN tab click Diagnostics in the task bar and Ping click at the bottom of the Diagnostics page The Diagnostics Ping page displays Diagnostics Ping Dest IP Address J oO Dest Hostname Figure 79 Diagnostics Ping Page 2 Inthe Dest IP Address text boxes type the IP address of the computer you want to ping Or in the Dest Hostname text box type the domain name of the target site
188. uration your ISP or the manufacturer Choosing this option erases any custom settings Reboot from Backup Reboots the device using the settings that were in Configuration effect prior to the most recently committed settings Reboot from Last Same as Reboot Configuration Reboot from Clean Reboots the device with no configuration This Configuration option will disable access to the Configuration Manager as no LAN interface will be defined This option is intended only for technicians who have a serial port connection to the device and knowledge of its command line interface Reboot from Reboots the device with only these settings Minimum Configuration o An Ethernet interface is configured with IP address 192 168 1 1 mask 255 255 255 0 o The user login is set to the following User Name root Password root Rebooting may take 20 30 seconds If your browser appears to be waiting to reconnect press lt F5 gt on your keyboard to refresh the connection Or retype the URL 192 168 1 1 by default in your browser s address box and press lt Enter gt The page should redisplay If you have difficulty in reconnecting to Configuration Manager after rebooting or if the device is not providing Internet connectivity as before reboot using the Reboot from Backup Configuration setting to return to the previous settings Ifthe ADSL2 Router provides a Reconfigure button on the back panel in addition to the power
189. way You may want to configure RIP if any of the following circumstances apply to your network N Your home network setup includes an additional router or RIP enabled PC other than the ADSL2 Router The ADSL2 Router and the router will need to communicate via RIP to share their routing tables Your network connects via the ADSL line to a remote network such as a corporate network In order for your LAN to learn the routes used within your corporate network they should both be configured with RIP Your ISP requests that you run RIP for communication with devices on their network Z Z 103 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring the ADSL2 Router s Interfaces with RIP The following instructions describe how to enable RIP on the ADSL2 Router In order for the ADSL2 Router to communicate with other devices using RIP you must also enable the other devices to use Note the protocol See the product documentation for those devices 1 Log into the Configuration Manager click the Services tab and then click RIP in the task bar The RIP Configuration page displays Routing Informetian Proiorol ELP Configuration Erhm E cancer B clebal state I erroen BM Hern Figure 42 RIP Configuration Page The page contains radio buttons for enabling or disabling the RIP feature and a table listing interfaces on which the protocol is currently running The first time you open this page the table may be empty
190. wf Ihis Ruke Tete Humber of Outbound Packets wf This Rute Active fransiation wf This Rule Figure 47 NAT Rule Statistics Page The statistics show how many times this rule has been invoked and how many currently active sessions are using this rule You can Clear Refresh click to reset the statistics to zeros and to display newly accumulated data 114 Viewing Cunent NAT Translations To view a list of NAT translations that have recently been performed and which remain in effect for any of the defined rules select NAT Translations from the NAT Options drop down list The NAT Translations page displays RAT Translations Figure 48 NAT Translations Page For each current NAT translation session the table contains the following fields Field Description Trans Index The sequential number assigned to the IP session used by this NAT translation session Rule ID The ID of the NAT rule invoked Interface The device interface on which the NAT rule was invoked from the rule definition Protocol The IP protocol used by the data packets that are undergoing translations from the rule definition Example TCP UDP ICMP Alg Type The Application Level Gateway ALG if any that was used to enable this NAT translation ALGs are special settings that certain applications require in order to work while NAT is enabled NAT Direction The direc
191. will use the bridging path the ISP should provide setup instructions for the LAN PC s which may involve installing software to enable logging in to their servers called a PPPoE client The PC s gateway IP address should be configured as the IP address of the ISPs access server In the System View page in the Home tab the Mode field will reflect you the Mode field will now reflect Routing and Bridging 75 ADSL2 Router User s Guide Configuring Special Bridging Features Configuring WAN to WAN Bridging WAN to WAN bridging refers to the bridging of data between WAN interfaces This can occur only when bridging is enabled on the device and it has two or more WAN interfaces With WAN to WAN bridging enabled if a packet with an unknown destination address is received from a WAN interface that packet is forwarded to all the other ports including the other bridge enabled WAN interface s However this ability may not be desirable for all users due to security concerns and bandwidth constraints If this is the case WAN to WAN bridging should be disabled Follow this procedure to enable or disable WAN to WAN bridging 1 Click the Bridging tab 2 In the interface table select all WAN interfaces and any others on which you want to perform bridging and click Add Click the WAN to WAN bridging Enable Disable link On the System Mode Page click the WAN to WAN Bridging Enabled or Disabled radio button and then c
192. y can also change the PPP interface username and password and the ATM VC interface values Note however that Intermediate users can change these only on the PPP and ATM VC pages not on the Quick Configuration page These users can view but not create or modify all other system information User level privileges enable users to change their own passwords They can view but not create or modify all other system information To create additional logins or modify existing logins follow these instructions 1 Log into Configuration Manager using the default user name and password and then click the Admin tab The User Configuration page displays by default ritmai J e Wis pace 1 aha Figure 66 User Configuration Page 153 ADSL2 Router User s Guide 2 Click Add display the User Config Add page User Config Add User fr l 3a Privilege inteme ste fd kE Password Confirm Password Figure 67 User Config Add Page Type the User ID and Password in the text boxes provided and then select the privilege level for this user as described on 153 The user name can be up to 128 characters but cannot contain spaces or special characters The password can also be up to 128 characters Be sure to retype the password in the Confirm Password text box exactly as before including lowercase and uppercase characters Click Submit If you want the changes to be perma
193. your ISP and other external devices use to identify your network It may be identified in the Configuration Manager by the names ppp 0 eoa 0 or jooa 0 depending on the protocol your device uses to communicate with your ISP Your ISP may assign the same address each time or it may change each time you reconnect N The loopback IP address named o 0 of 127 0 0 1 This special address enables the device to keep any data addressed directly to it rather than route the data through the default interfaces If your device has additional IP enabled interfaces the IP addresses of these will also display za za ADSL2 Router User s Guide Viewing IP Performance Siatistics You can view statistics on the processing of Internet protocol packets a packet is a collection of data that has been bundled for transmission You will not typically need to view this data but you may find it helpful when working with your ISP to diagnose network and Internet data transmission problems To view global IP statistics click __ Global stats _ on the IP Address Table page Figure 32 shows the IP Global Statistics page IP Glabal Statistics JP fecetwed 307 Fezkets i Received wf Header Error J Pecsets IP Received wf Wrong Address J Pec ets IP Received f Unknownr Protocol J Pecsets i Routing Discarded J Peczets IF Sale yars Foraarcec forwarded Detagrams LIS Fatek caput P Sstel ans inpet JP Discarded J Pecsets
194. ys LDS Modem Setup Wizard E x Welcome Welcome to the DSL Modem Setup Wizard This wizard will install the drivers and the _ i related software for your DSL modem on your computer Press Next to move on to the next step Cancel Figure 1 DSL Modem Setup Wizard Welcome Page 4 Click The License Agreement page displays 22 Chapter 1 About Part 1 2 DSL Modem Setup Wizard License Agreement Please review the following license agreement and click Accept to continue LSS Bee This is a placeholder for a license agreement Please replace this with your pan license agreement Ie Decline Figure 2 DSL Modem Setup Wizard License Agreement Page lt Back Review the terms of the license and if you agree to the terms click The Installing window displays as the Wizard prepares your system for the installation fd DSL Modem Setup Wizard i i x Installing eE The DSL Modem Setup Wizard is now ee installing the drivers needed by Windows ta a operate the modem Preparing system for installation Figure 3 USB Setup Wizard Installing Page If a Microsoft digital signature dialog box displays click to continue The Installer begins copying the necessary installation files to the required locations When complete a window displays prompting you to connect the USB cable to your computer 23 A
195. ze Specifies that the IP filter rule will take affect only on packets whose size in bytes matches this criterion t less than gt greater than Iteq less than or equal to etc TOD Rule Status The Time of Day Rule Status determines how the Start Time End Time settings are used o Enable Default The rule is in effect for the specified time period o Disable The rule is not in effect for the specified time period but is effective at all other times 138 3 When you are done selecting criteria ensure that the Enable radio button is selected at the top of the page and then click Submit After a confirmation page displays the IP Filter Configuration page will redisplay with the new rule showing in the table If the security level of the rule matches the globally configured setting a green ball displays in the Status column for that rule indicating that the rule is now in effect A red ball displays when the rule is disabled or if its security level is different from the globally configured level Ensure that the Security Level and Private Public DMZ Default Action settings on the IP Filter Configuration page are configured as needed then click _Submit A page displays to confirm your changes If you want the changes to be permanent follow the instructions on page 39 to commit them IP filter rule examples Example 1 Blocking a specific computer on your LAN from accessing Web servers on the I

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