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Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic

1. List of logstreams y onba e Restore spaces Back up logs e Restore logs List of logstreams Warm restore complete 1 30 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Cold Restore Sequence Cold Restore Sequence If the server is in microkernel mode you can do a cold restore Figure 1 9 on page 1 32 describes the ON Bar cold restore sequence Ina cold restore ON Bar salvages the logical logs if necessary and then it starts the onbar merger utility The onbar merger utility collects and processes the backup emergency boot files from each coserver to determine what backups are required The onbar merger then creates the restore boot file and copies it to each coserver that contains a backup emergency boot file You can specify in the BAR_WORKER_COSERVER configuration parameter which coservers have boot files and run onbar worker processes For each storage space ON Bar restores the last level 0 backup then the level 1 backup if it exists and the level 2 backup if it exists Finally it restores the logical logs The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 31 Cold Restore Sequence Figure 1 9 ON Bar Cold Restore Process Send list of logstreams Backup Scheduler finish start assign session worker task or kill worker Merge bootfiles onbar_Ww e Back up logs
2. 321 Monitoring Backup Scheduler Status wade tse be Ok 23822 Using onstat g bus and onstat g bus_session 1 Options a Sie tis whe May 723522 Sample onstat g bus Output with no ON Bar Activity Taking Place a santas ede Sample onstat g bus Output During a Dbspace Backup Bou ty s 8223 Using the onstat gbus_sm Option 3 23 Sample onstat g bus_sm Output with No ON Bar r Activity Taking Place 3 24 Sample onstat g bus_sm Output During a Dbspace Backup ei EOE a Eel B24 Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands eM wR nek te ai Gy eo Example Print the Backup Boot Files ee BOG at cee eg a 48226 Example Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape Sates at Se a es ORO 3 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options he first part of this chapter explains the preliminary tasks that you need to complete to perform a successful backup The rest of this chapter explains how to back up and restore storage spaces dbspaces and logical log files in a production environment The onbar utility is a wrapper to onbar_d the ON Bar driver You can use the same commands with onbar_d as with onbar You can use any of the following methods to execute ON Bar backup and restore commands m Issue ON Bar commands To execute the ON Bar commands that are described in this chapter you must be user root or informix on UNIX On Wind
3. Command line conventions elements of Intro 10 example diagram Intro 11 how to read Intro 11 Comment icons Intro 7 Compliance icons Intro 9 Compliance with industry standards Intro 16 Configuration parameters BAR_ACT_LOG 1 10 4 5 BAR_BSALIB_PATH 2 19 4 5 BAR_DBS_COSVR 4 11 BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT 1 27 4 6 BAR_LOG_COSVR 4 12 BAR_RETRY 4 7 BAR_SM 4 11 BAR_SM_NAME 4 12 BAR_WORKER_COSVR 4 13 BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 33 2 14 4 7 BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE 4 8 BAR_XPORT_COUNT 4 8 DBSERVERNAME 5 8 global 2 11 4 3 4 9 local 2 11 4 6 4 10 LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 13 4 9 LTAPEDEV 4 9 ON Bar 2 11 to 2 13 4 3 storage manager section 2 11 4 6 4 10 Configuring the storage manager 2 10 to 2 20 Continuous log backup pausing 3 21 specifying 1 17 3 13 Controlling ON Bar sessions 3 21 D Data consistency verifying 3 7 Database server log out of space 1 18 requirements 2 4 to 2 7 verifying integrity 3 7 DBSERVERNAMEprocess_id 3 8 Default locale Intro 4 Demonstration database Intro 4 Documentation conventions command line Intro 9 icon Intro 7 typographical Intro 6 Documentation notes Intro 14 Documentation types of documentation notes Intro 14 error message files Intro 13 machine notes Intro 14 on line manuals Intro 12 printed manuals Intro 12 related reading Intro 15 release notes Intro 14 E Emergency boot files how used 5 10 overview 1 9 Environment variables ISM 2 11 4 15 en_us 8859 1 locale Intro 4 B 1 Error message files Intr
4. If your storage manager allows you to copy or clone objects after they are backed up Informix suggests that you make a second copy of each logical log backup If you mirror the root dbspace and logical log spaces you are less likely to have to perform a cold restore after a disk failure because you can recover the critical and logical log data from the mirrored storage space 1 18 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Is an ON Bar Restore When to Salvage Logical Log Files When the database server is in microkernel mode you can perform a logical log backup also called a log salvage It backs up any logical logs that have not yet been backed up and are not corrupted or destroyed You can then roll these logs forward during restore resulting in a minimum of lost data ON Bar salvages logical logs automatically before a cold restore unless you specify a physical restore only ON Bar salvages the logical logs that are used before it restores the root dbspace To make sure that no data is lost before you start the cold restore you should manually salvage the logical logs in the following situations m If you must replace the media that contains the logical logs If the media that contains the logical logs is no longer available the log salvage will fail resulting in data loss m If you plan to specify a physical restore only onbar r p For
5. The security token has expired Please create a new one The security token is stale Create a new security token and retry For instructions refer to the manual for your storage manager The transaction was aborted An error caused the backup or restore transaction to abort For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent A quote is missing from an environment keyword Insert the missing quotation mark and retry A username cannot be deleted while it owns objects For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent ON Bar Messages A 11 ON Bar Messages 43099 43100 43103 43106 43108 43112 43114 43115 43117 An unspecified XBSA error has occurred error_number For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent ERROR There are no db blobspaces or logical logs to backup or restore WARNING Bad option usage f option requires a type_of_file All will be backed up by default User entered onbar b f but did not specify a filename By default ON Bar backs up all storage spaces if the user does not specify any Linked list operation failed operation_name A linked list operation failed One or more blobspaces are down Log backup has been aborted A blobspace is down Backing up or salvaging the logical logs would make it impossible to restore this blob in the future Bring all
6. onbar merger Start merger Collect bootfiles e Merge backup bootfiles Log restore e Create restore boottiles e Send restore bootfiles List of logstreams Cold restore complete 1 32 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores For speed and efficiency ON Bar can perform parallel backups and restores For example ON Bar can back up multiple storage spaces at a time However you might want to back up or restore data serially You can back up in serial and restore in parallel or vice versa Specifying a Parallel Backup or Restore The BAR_WORKER_MAX configuration parameter determines how many storage spaces and logical logs can be backed up or restored in parallel on each storage manager BAR_WORKER_MAX also specifies how many onbar worker processes you can start on each coserver The database server automatically starts a new onbar worker to process a request unless the total number of active onbar worker processes on the storage manager has reached the maximum number defined in BAR_ WORKER_MAX In general set the BAR_WORKER_MAX value to the number of tape drives available to each coserver If the database server has multiple storage managers configured the number of parallel operations is the sum of BAR_WORKER_MAX for each storage manager F
7. Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Version 8 2 March 1998 Part No 000 5131 Published by INFORMIX Press Informix Software Inc 4100 Bohannon Drive Menlo Park CA 94025 1032 Copyright 1981 1998 by Informix Software Inc or its subsidiaries provided that portions may be copyrighted by third parties as set forth in documentation All rights reserved The following are worldwide trademarks of Informix Software Inc or its subsidiaries registered in the United States of America as indicated by and in numerous other countries worldwide Answers OnLine INFORMIX Informix Ilustra C ISAM DataBlade Dynamic Server Gateway NewEra All other names or marks may be registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners Documentation Team Jennifer Leland Barbara Nomiyama Karen Goldman Smith RESTRICTED RIGHTS SPECIAL LICENSE RIGHTS Software and documentation acquired with US Government funds are provided with rights as follows 1 if for civilian agency use with Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52 227 19 2 if for Dept of Defense use with rights as restricted by vendor s standard license unless superseded by negotiated vendor license as prescribed in DFAR 227 7202 Any whole or partial reproduction of software or documentation marked with this legend must reproduce the legend ii Backup and
8. The bar_version Table on page 5 6 2 20 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Before You Make Your First Test Backup Before You Make Your First Test Backup Check the items in this list to make sure that ON Bar and your storage manager are set up correctly m The storage manager is installed and configured to manage specific storage devices m If you are using a third party storage manager make sure that the XBSA shared library is specified correctly by the ONCONFIG file BAR_BSALIB_PATH parameter or is in the default location m The BAR_WORKER_MAX parameter is set to a number greater than 0 in the storage manager specific section of the ONCONFIG file m The sm_versions file in the INFORMIXDIR etc UNIX or INFORMIXDIR etc Windows NT directory on the database server contains a row that identifies the version number of the storage manager specific XBSA shared library After you verify that ON Bar and your storage manager are set up correctly run ON Bar on your test database to make sure that you can back up and restore data For information about performing backups and restores follow the instructions in Chapter 3 Using ON Bar Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server Use ON Bar to perform a level 0 backup of all storage spaces and logical logs before you upgrade your database server Save these backups so that you can
9. microkernel each coserver is in Not all coservers are in a compatible mode Not all coservers are in the same mode Each coserver must be in a mode that is compatible to all the others For example all the coservers must be in microkernel mode to perform a cold restore The on line and quiescent modes are compatible so you can perform a backup or warm restore if all coservers are in one of these two modes Change all coservers to the same mode ON Bar Messages A 17 ON Bar GLS Support Using GLS with ON Bar ON Bar supports Global Language Support GLS which allows users to work in their native language The language that the client application uses is called the client locale The language that the database uses for its server specific files is called the server locale ON Bar must run on the same computer as the database server However you can run ON Bar in any locale for which you have the supporting message and localization files For example if the server locale is English and the client locale is French you can issue ON Bar commands in French The following command performs a level 0 backup of the dbspaces specified in the file tomb onbar b L 0 f tomb On Windows NT you cannot use multibyte filenames in backup or restore commands because they are not supported The sysutils database the emergency boot file and the storage manager boot file are created with the en_us 8859 1 default English l
10. Informix SQL based products are fully compliant with SQL 92 Entry Level published as ANSI X3 135 1992 which is identical to ISO 9075 1992 In addition many features of Informix database servers comply with the SQL 92 Intermediate and Full Level and X Open SQL CAE common applications environment standards Informix Welcomes Your Comments Please tell us what you like or dislike about our manuals To help us with future versions of our manuals we want to know about corrections or clari fications that you would find useful Include the following information m The name and version of the manual that you are using m Any comments that you have about the manual m Your name address and phone number Write to us at the following address Informix Software Inc SCT Technical Publications Department 4100 Bohannon Drive Menlo Park CA 94025 If you prefer to send email our address is doc informix com Or send a facsimile to the Informix Technical Publications Department at 650 926 6571 We appreciate your feedback 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options The ON Bar Backup and Restore System What Is ON Bar The ON Bar Utility Suite Backup Scheduler Informix Storage Manager Third Party Storage aoa The XBSA Interface The ON Bar Tables The Emergency Boot Files The ON Bar Activity Log What Is an ON Bar Backup What Storage
11. Verify that the logstream exists in Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options ERROR Unable to create the salvage logs session description ERROR Unable to open logical log placement description ERROR Unable to close logical log placement description ERROR Unable to create a session description ERROR Unable to destroy a session description WARNING connection_name in server_name has exceeded maximum allowed size and will be truncated to maximum_allowed_value A database server name and connection name in the sqlhosts file must be less than 18 characters long ERROR The wrong version of dbspace_name or logid was returned from the storage manager ERROR Error suspending session session_id description ERROR Error resuming session session_id description Completed backup logical log logstreamid Global timestamp number_of_seconds Complete Y or N ERROR No response was received from Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options Aborting ON Bar Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options did not respond The database server has probably failed Find out what is wrong with the database server correct it and retry the backup or restore A 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43148 43149 43150 43151 43152 43153 43154 ON Bar Messages Process process_id received signal signal Process will exit after cleanup A signal was rece
12. and onbar is waiting for them all to come up All onbar_m processes have connected ON Bar Messages A 15 ON Bar Messages 43155 43157 43158 43159 43160 The onbar_m process started on node node_name failed with status error_number status_number_of_port One of the onbar_m processes failed to connect to onbar If this error occurs once try to start an onbar_m process manually on the named node as user informix If the connection fails repeatedly contact Informix Technical Support with the status information in the error message and with the contents of your ONCONFIG file handy The onbar_m process on node node_name sent an unexpected message message_received instead of message_expected This message indicates either an error in the ON Bar software or an improperly started onbar_m process For complete information contact Informix Technical Support The ON Bar process received a polling error from XCC error_number status_number_of_port If this polling error occurs once try to re start the cold restore If it occurs repeatedly contact Informix Technical Support with the status information in the error message and with the contents of your ONCOMNFIG file handy The ON Bar process failed to send an XCC message error_number status_number_of_port If this error occurs once try to re start the cold restore If it occurs repeatedly contact Informix Technical Support with the status information in the er
13. apply only to the specified storage manager instances You might need to specify multiple instances of storage managers to back up and restore data to all the coservers in Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options Important Do not change the BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE or BAR_SM configuration parameters between the backup and restore of data However you can change the following parameters between a backup and restore BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_RETRY BAR_WORKER_MAX BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT and BAR_XPORT_COUNT BAR_BSALIB_PATH Configuring ON Bar 4 3 Setting Global ON Bar Configuration Parameters Parameter BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_BSALIB_PATH BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT BAR_RETRY BAR_WORKER_MAX BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE BAR_XPORT_COUNT LOG_BACKUP_MODE The following list describes global configuration parameters You can set some parameters in the storage manager sections to override the global parameter settings For more information on the parameters that you can use in the global section only the storage manager section only or both sections see Editing the ONCONFIG File on page 2 11 Purpose Specifies the location of the ON Bar activity log file Specifies the path of the storage manager library on UNIX or a dll on Windows NT The BAR_BSALIB_PATH parameter is supported only on some platforms To determine if BAR_BSALIB_PATH is supported on your platform check your release or machine notes Can be a global or local parameter Specifies the maximum numbe
14. onbar script description 1 6 usage and examples 3 25 onbar driver See onbar_d utility onbar merger See onbar_m utility onbar worker See onbar_w onbar_d utility description 1 6 purpose 1 26 onbar_m utility description 1 6 purpose 1 26 onbar_w utility description 1 6 purpose 1 26 starting onbar workers 2 18 oncfg file 1 11 3 6 ONCONFIG See Configuration parameters oninit m microkernel mode 1 24 On line manuals Intro 12 On line storage space restoring 3 16 3 19 onlog utility 1 26 onstat g commands 1 26 3 22 onstat l command 3 13 P Parallel backup and restore 1 33 Physical restore See Restore Planning backup systems 2 3 Platform icons Intro 8 Point in time restore described 1 25 example of 3 18 B 3 Printed manuals Intro 12 Processes ON Bar 1 26 to 1 32 Product icons Intro 8 Program group Documentation notes Intro 14 Release notes Intro 14 R Related reading Intro 15 Release notes Intro 14 Restore boot file 5 10 cold described 1 23 example of 1 25 3 19 setting mode for 1 24 dbspaces or dbslices example of 3 18 defined 1 20 3 14 examples 3 17 to 3 20 importing 1 21 logical definition 1 20 1 21 example of 3 18 off line storage spaces 1 25 on line storage spaces 3 16 3 19 parallel or serial 1 33 Index 3 physical 1 20 3 17 point in time example 3 18 B 3 preparation for 1 19 syntax 3 16 warm described 1 22 examples of 3 17 setting mode 1 22 Rixbar emergency
15. 1 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up ON Bar backs up the following types of data Storage spaces that contain tables and indexes For information about storage space backups and backup levels see What Is a Storage Space Backup on page 1 12 Logical log files which contain a record of each transaction that occurred in the database You can either back up logical log files separately or together with storage spaces You should back up logical logs as soon as they fill so that you can reuse them For information about logical log backups see What Is a Logical Log Backup on page 1 15 If you use ISM the ISM catalog which contains information about backed up data The ISM catalog is under INFORMIXDIR ism on UNIX and ISMDIR on Windows NT What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar ON Bar backups safeguard your data They do not replace normal operating system backups of important configuration files Important For use in an emergency you should have a backup copy of the current version of the following administrative files You will need to restore these files if you need to replace disks or if you restore to a second computer system The ONCOMFIG file The oncfg file from each coserver The filename is INFORMIXDIR etc oncfg_servername servernum coserve
16. 28 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Warm Restore Sequence Warm Restore Sequence If the server is in quiescent mode or is on line you can perform a warm restore ON Bar gathers data from the sysutils database and then requests a restore from the database server Figure 1 8 on page 1 30 describes the ON Bar warm restore sequence In a warm restore the onbar driver sends a list of backup objects to the Backup Scheduler The Backup Scheduler creates one or more sessions that contain lists of backup objects to restore and might start one or more onbar worker processes The onbar worker transfers data between the storage manager and Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options until the warm restore is complete For each storage space ON Bar restores the last level 0 backup then the level 1 backup if it exists and the level 2 backup if it exists Next ON Bar backs up the logical logs and restores them When the warm restore is complete information about the logical log backup is added to the emergency backup boot file on each coserver and information about the restore and logical log backup is added to the sysutils database The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 29 Warm Restore Sequence Figure 1 8 ON Bar Warm Restore Process Backup Scheduler Y List of restore storage spaces i finish start aain session worker tas orstop worker
17. LOG_BACKUP_MODE 2 0 2 4 9 Setting Local ON Bar See G Parameters 410 BAR SM mar ae BL ae ee aa er HTL BAR_DBS_COSVR 2 2 2 411 BAR_LOG_COSVR aaa 42 BAR SM NAME 2 0 0 2 2 0 4 4 12 BAR_WORKER_COSVR 2 0 4 4 13 Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM 414 On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM 415 4 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options his chapter describes the ON Bar configuration tasks Before you start ON Bar read Setting Global ON Bar Configuration Parameters For configuration examples see Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations on page 2 13 For information about how to set parameters in the ONCONEFIG file see your Administrator s Guide Be sure to configure your storage manager Depending on the storage manager that you choose you might have to configure your storage manager but you might not have to set the ON Bar configuration parameters Setting Global ON Bar Configuration Parameters You can set the following ON Bar configuration parameters in the ONCONFIG file The configuration file is organized with a global section and individual sections for each storage manager The global section includes parameters that apply to all storage managers The individual storage manager sections
18. Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 7 2 9 2 10 2 10 2 10 2 11 2 11 2 11 2 13 2 18 2 18 2 19 2 20 2 21 2 21 2 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options his chapter provides the information that you need to plan and set up ON Bar with a storage manager in a test environment The test configu ration of ON Bar and a single instance of Informix Storage Manager ISM will provide a simple backup and restore The ISM server is installed with the Informix database server on UNIX or Windows NT The ISM Administrator graphical user interface is installed with Informix Enterprise Command Center on Windows NT or Windows 95 General background information about how ON Bar and the storage manager work together appears in Chapter 1 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server To plan for adequate backup protection for your data analyze your configu ration and activity and the types of backup media available at your installation Also decide whether to use ISM or a third party storage manager Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 3 Analyzing Your Database Server System Analyzing Your Database Server System Evaluate the following database server and hardware configuration elements to determine which storage manager and storage devices to
19. and warm restores without shutting down the database server and interrupting end users Performance in a cold restore is important because it requires shutting down the database server m The logging mode of tables If storage spaces have many nonlogging tables logical log usage is reduced and might require less frequent backups m The number and size of logical logs If you need to restore data from a database server with very little transaction activity define many small logical logs The logical log restore time is faster with many small logical logs You are less likely to lose data because of infrequent logical log backups 2 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices m The type of restores whether storage space database or server The way that you structure your database determines what type of restore to use ON Bar backs up data in storage space units If you isolate tables or databases in a single storage space or in a dbslice across coservers you can restore single tables or databases When you design your database server schema you should isolate critical databases and tables in specific storage spaces and data that users access frequently m The backup schedule Not all storage spaces need to be included in each backup or restore You can schedule backups so that you can back up more often th
20. backup or restore session is complete and retry A DataBlock pointer is required The user attempted to back up or restore with no data Contact Informix Technical Support An object name is required The user attempted to back up or restore with no data Name the object and retry Unable to access NULL pointer A required value was set to null Contact Informix Technical Support Rule ID is required A required value was set to null Create an ID for the rule and retry For instructions refer to the manual for your storage manager A 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43089 43090 43091 43092 43093 43094 43095 43096 43097 43098 ON Bar Messages The object is not empty This object was not backed up The user attempted to restore an object that was not backed up Object information data exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_allowed_size Shorten the information data for the object and retry Object name exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_allowed_size Shorten the name of the object and retry For instructions refer to the manual for your storage manager Operation is not authorized for user_id The specified user does not have permission to perform this operation Ask your system administrator to change your permissions A value for the old security token is required Fill in the old security token and retry
21. be any valid UNIX or provides Windows NT filename including simple listfile_1 relative backup_lists listfile_2 or backup_lists listfile and absolute usr informix backup_lists listfile3 or c informix backup_lists listfile3 filenames l Performs a backup of full logical log The current logical log file is not backed up files q queue_name Allows you to assign a name to the This option defaults to DBSERVERNAMEprocess_ID backup session This name appears in the onstat utility so that you can follow the progress of the backup Salvages any logical logs that are still If possible use this option before you replace a on disk after a database server failure damaged disk If you are performing a cold restore on an undamaged disk ON Bar automatically performs a log salvage operation For information about salvaging logs see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 19 logstreamid Uniquely identifies a logical log If you supply more than one logstreamid separate stream that a given AD XP coserver each item in the list with a space generates A logstream is a coserver ID 3 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Backing Up Logical Log Files A storage space backup triggers a logical log backup Performing a Manual Backup of Logical Logs If you set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to MANUAL you must initiate a logical log back
22. blobspaces on line and retry the logical log backup or salvage Invalid Point In Time value specified invalid_time Use the default date and time format for your database server locale Db blobspace dbspace_name is down and cannot be backed up Only storage spaces that are on line can be backed up Bring the storage space on line and attempt the backup again Attempt to change the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options operating mode failed mode_name An error occurred while the user tried to change the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options operating mode Check the message log for errors Db blobspace dbspace_name is not down so it will not be restored Only storage spaces that are off line need to be restored This storage space will not be restored but ON Bar will attempt to restore other storage spaces A 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43118 43119 43120 43121 43122 43123 43127 43129 43130 43131 43132 ON Bar Messages ERROR An attempt to create linked list list_name failed with error error_number Linked list error messages might be removed in the future Linked list error numbers include 1 memory allocation failed 2 bad list function input 3 list node not found 4 duplicate list node 5 list is empty 6 at head of list 7 at end of list ERROR An attempt to add specified_information to a linked list faile
23. boot file 5 10 S Salvaging logical log files defined 1 19 example of 3 19 See also Logical log Save sets creating 3 9 restoring 3 20 serial backup and restore 1 33 Session name 3 8 Shared library XBSA default 2 10 specifying location 2 19 4 5 sm_versions file 2 20 4 10 Software dependencies Intro 4 Storage devices requirements 2 9 volume pools ISM 3 8 Storage manager configuring 2 10 to 2 20 pre backup requirement 3 4 requirements 2 7 role in ON Bar system 1 7 sample configurations 2 13 to 2 17 See also Informix Storage Manager Storage spaces backups 1 12 3 8 off line restoring 1 25 on line restoring 3 16 3 19 physical restore 1 20 3 15 stores7 database Intro 4 Syntax diagram onbar dbspace backup 3 9 logical log backup 3 12 restoring data 3 16 session control 3 21 syntax overview 3 8 sysutils database locale of B 1 ON Bar tables 1 9 recreating 2 21 T Tempspaces ON_Bar restriction 3 8 Third party storage manager configuring 2 10 functions 1 8 specifying shared library 2 19 verifying sm_versions file 2 20 U Upgrading the database server 2 21 V Verifying database integrity 3 7 W Warm restore description of 1 22 examples of 3 17 sequence 1 29 X XBSA interface described 1 8 XBSA shared library default location 2 10 specifying location 2 19 4 5 xcfg file 1 12 3 6 X Open compliance level Intro 16 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix
24. catalog on the target node For details see the Informix Storage Manager Adminis trator s Guide 2 Use the onbar r command to restore the data 3 20 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Starting and Stopping ON Bar Sessions Starting and Stopping ON Bar Sessions Starting and Stopping ON Bar Sessions Session control commands let you stop and restart ON Bar sessions You might stop and restart a session to m temporarily stop continuous log backup m temporarily stop all ON Bar sessions while computer traffic is heavy session_name p p Element Purpose Key Considerations off Suspends a session None Resumes a session None Destroys a session None session_name The name of the session to affect The restore session name can be up to 127 characters If you use a name longer than 127 characters ON Bar truncates it to 127 characters in the onstat g output Using ON Bar 3 21 Monitoring Backup Scheduler Status Monitoring Backup Scheduler Status Use the onstat g bus onstat g bus_session and onstat g bus_sm options to monitor the status of the Backup Scheduler The Backup Scheduler tracks scheduled and active ON Bar sessions Using onstat g bus and onstat g bus_session Options The onstat g bus and onstat g bus_session options show the current Backup Sch
25. if backup onbar b is successful prints backup bootfiles from all coservers INFORMIXDIR etc ONCONFIG fi exit return_code UNIX onbar b onbar l onbar l s onbar r onbar r l onbar_d EXIT_CODE Example Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape You can write a script that automatically migrates the backed up logical logs to tape for off site storage Each time that you issue the following commands the onbar script starts the backup operation and then calls another program to migrate the logical logs to tape If you perform a physical restore onbar r p the following onbar script does not migrate the logs starts the backup or restore df any errors PHYS_ONLY false if its a physical only backup do nothing for OPTION in do if OPTION p then PHYS ONLY true fi done if PHYS_ONLY then if logs were backed up call another igrate_logs program to move them to tape fi 3 26 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Configuring ON Bar Setting Global ON Bar Configuration Parameters 43 BAR ACT TOG hos we ey ce Oa we wd OO a Aa 4 5 BAR _BSALIB_ PATH a 4 5 BAR _IDLE_TIMEOUT 2 7 4 6 BARE RETRY S YA ed So 0 Jed 6 Re he hee hoe 4 7 BAR_WORKER MAX ee 4 7 BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE 2 2 4 8 BAR_XPORT_COUNT Woh anok en 4 8
26. is fulfilled The onbar driver then sends a list of logstreams logical log data to the Backup Scheduler that assigns the tasks to onbar worker processes When an onbar worker completes its task it waits for the next task from the Backup Scheduler If no new task is assigned in a user specified amount of time the onbar worker shuts down You can set the number of minutes that the onbar worker processes wait in BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT in the ONCONFIG file If the Backup Scheduler has new tasks to assign and not enough onbar worker processes are running to complete the task it calls the start_worker script to start one or more new onbar worker processes If you have set BAR_WORKER_MAX 0 you must start a new onbar worker manually To start onbar worker processes manually use either the start_worker sh script on UNIX or start_worker bat on Windows NT or call onbar_w from the command line After each object is backed up information about it is added to the emergency backup boot file on the local coserver and to the sysutils database The emergency backup boot file is on the coserver of the onbar worker that backed it up The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 27 Backup Sequence Figure 1 7 ON Bar Backup Process Backup Scheduler List of backup storage spaces finish start eae session worker tas or stop worker List of logstreams e Back up spaces e Back up logs Backup complete 1
27. manager if you prefer You must use a storage manager to perform ON Bar backups and restores In the ON Bar backup and restore system the storage manager is an application that manages the storage devices and media that contain backups The storage manager handles media labeling mount requests and storage volumes The ISM server resides on the same computer as ON Bar and the Informix database server your storage devices are attached to this computer as well ISM can store data on simple tape drives optical disk devices and file systems ISM also performs the following functions Configures up to four storage devices Adds changes and deletes administrative users Labels and mounts storage volumes on your storage devices Manages storage volumes Compresses and decompresses data Encrypts and decrypts data If your Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options is complex and contains many coserver nodes you might configure more than one storage manager and use different storage managers for different purposes For best perfor mance configure one storage manager on each node where a backup device is located When a storage manager is on each node the data moves faster because it does not have to travel over the network For complex examples see Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations on page 2 13 For information on how to set up and use ISM refer to the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide The ON Bar Back
28. of times to retry failures BAR_XPORT_COUNT 10 Number of transport buffers per worker BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE 8 Size of each transport buffer in pages LOG_BACKUP_MODE CONT Backup as soon as logical log fills BAR_IDLE_TIMEQUT 5 if How long onbar workers wait BAR_BSALIB_PATH usr lib ibsad001 so XBSA shared lib path Sample ON Bar Parameter Values Windows NT Backup Restore Variables BAR_ACT_LOG INFORMIXDIR bar_myserver log Activity log path BAR_RETRY 1 Number of times to retry failures BAR_XPORT_COUNT 10 Number of transport buffers per worker BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE 8 Size of each transport buffer in pages LOG_BACKUP_MODE CONT Backup as soon as logical log fills BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT 5 if How long onbar workers wait BAR_BSALIB_PATH c ism bin libbsa dll XBSA shared lib path Creating a Minimal Storage Manager Definition The following configuration example is for a storage manager that can run on coservers 1 2 3 4 and 7 In this configuration you have to start onbar worker processes manually on coservers 1 2 3 4 and 7 All storage spaces and logical logs are backed up to this storage manager instance BAR_SM 1 BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 4 7 END Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 13 Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations Defining a Storage Manager on a Five Coserver AD XP System The following example is a simple storage manager definition that automat ically starts a single onbar wo
29. restore the data in case you need to revert to the old database server version Also back up the administrative files before you upgrade see What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar on page 1 11 Do not try to restore these backups to the newer version of the database server Backups that you make under the older version of the database server are not compatible with the newer version of the database server After you upgrade the database server create a new backup of all storage spaces logical logs and administrative files Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 21 Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server Also do not use ON Bar to migrate the data from one backup storage device to another Use one of the migration utilities that the Informix Migration Guide documents Important You also need to re create the sysutils database if you are upgrading to Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options 8 2 from any version of 8 x before 8 11 UF1 If you are upgrading from 8 11 UF1 you do not need to re create the sysutils database 2 22 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Using ON Bar Preparing for a Backup Installing and Configuring a Storage Manager Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Ensuring That You Have Enough Logical Log Space Copying Database Server Configuration Inf
30. specified in that request If it is set to NONE or is not present the ISM server does not use encryption Configuring ON Bar 4 15 Catalog Tables The bar_action Table The bar_instance Table The bar_version Table The bar_object Table The bar_server Table ON Bar Catalog Map The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot Files 5 3 5 4 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 10 5 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options his chapter describes the ON Bar catalog tables You can query the catalog tables for backup and restore data to evaluate performance or identify object instances for a restore The bar_action Table The bar_action catalog table lists all backup and restore actions that are attempted against an object except during a cold restore Use the information in this table to track backup and restore history Column Name Type Explanation act_aid SERIAL Action identifier A unique number within the table Can be used with act_oid to join with the bar_instance table act_end DATETIME The date and time when the action finished YEAR TO SECONDS act_oid INTEGER Object identifier Identifies the backup object against which a backup or restore attempt is made Can be used with act_aid to join with bar_instance The act_oid column of the bar_action table equals the obj_oid column of the bar_object table act_start DATETIME The date and time
31. the ONCONFIG file this parameter specifies the volume pool that you use for backing up logical logs The value for this parameter can be any volume pool that ISM recognizes If this parameter is not present ISM uses the ISMLogs volume pool 4 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM The following environment variables when set in the ON Bar environment determine whether ISM uses compression or encryption when backing up data You can set these environment variables in the onbar_w utility or start_worker script file Insert the lines that contain the environment variables before the line that invokes the onbar_w utility For example TSM_COMPRESSION TRUE export ISM_COMPRESSION Environment Variable in Effect When ON Bar Issues a Request Effect on ISM Server Processing for That Request ISM_COMPRESSION ISM_ENCRYPTION If this variable is set to TRUE in the environment of the onbar process making a request the ISM server uses a data compression algorithm to store or retrieve the data specified in that request If it is set to FALSE or is not present the ISM server does not use compression If this variable is set to TRUE or XOR in the environment of the onbar process making a request the ISM server uses encryption to store or retrieve the data
32. the physical part of the restore succeeded but the logical restore failed Perform a logical restore ERROR Unable to read parameters from INFORMIXDIR etc ONCONFIG OR INFORMIXDIR etc ONCONFIG The ONCONEIG file is inaccessible It might be missing or have incorrect permission values Verify that an ONCONFIG file exists and that its permissions are correct For details see your Administrator s Guide ERROR Unable to attach to shared memory Unable to initialize a shared memory connection to the database server Either the database shared memory was not initialized or the maximum number of users are already using the system Shared memory not initialized Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options is not running Start the database server For instructions see your Administrator s Guide Running as Informix for testing ERROR You must be user root or informix to run ON Bar Only users informix and root are allowed to execute ON Bar Login as informix or root before you attempt the backup or restore ERROR User is not a member of Informix Admin group For Windows NT only Only users listed in the Informix Admin group are allowed to execute ON Bar Ask your system administrator to add your user name to the Informix Admin group Unable to open file filename You cannot create or open the file or its directory because the permissions are incorrect Verify the permissions on the file and its directory ON Bar Messa
33. the tmp directory to see if bar_act log was placed there When onbar merger first starts it writes messages to bar_act log until it has a chance to read the ONCONFIG file BAR_BSALIB_PATH default value UNIX usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension Windows NT ISMDIR bin libbsa dll takes effect When the onbar worker process starts ON Bar and the storage manager rely on a shared library to integrate with each other Configure the BAR_BSALIB_PATH configuration parameter for your storage manager library Support for BAR_BSALIB_PATH is platform specific Check your machine notes or release notes to determine if you can use it with your operating system Configuring ON Bar 4 5 BAR_IDLE_ TIMEOUT UNIX WIN NT To ensure that this integration takes place set one of the following options m Specify the library pathname m Specify a real library in usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension The default pathname of BAR_BSALIB_PATH is usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension where platform_extension is the shared library file extension For example the suffix for Solaris is so so you specify usr lib ibsad001 so on a Solaris system m Place the storage manager library in any directory that you choose and create a symbolic link to it from usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension If you are using ISM on UNIX the pathname would be INFORMIXDIR lib libbsa platform_extension If you are using ISM the default pathname of BAR_BSALIB_PATH is ISM
34. variables to specify alternative date and time formats If you do not set these environment variables ON Bar uses the date and time format of the client locale If you perform a point in time restore enter the date and time in the format specified in the GL_DATETIME environment variable if it is set B 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options The t option in a point in time restore requires the following ANSI date and time YYYY MM DD hh mm ss ON Bar uses the GL_DATETIME environment variable so you can choose which format to use If GL_ DATETIME is not set ON Bar reverts to the ANSI format If the date and time string contains any white space either put an escape character V before this white space or put quotes around the whole string YYYY MM DD hh mm ss or YYYY MM DD hh mm ss Point in Time Restore Example For example the default date and time format for the French locale fr_fr 8859 1 uses the format A 1d B iY H M S The ON Bar command for a point in time restore is as follows onbar r t Lundi 9 Juin 1997 11 20 14 You can set GL_DATETIME to a different date and time format that uses the date month two digit year hours minutes and seconds 1d B iy H M S The ON Bar command for a point in time restore is as follows onbar r t 9 Juin 97 11 20 14 Tip For more information on how to use GLS and the GL
35. version of XBSA that the storage manager returns sm_version CHAR 18 The version of the storage manager Currently not used Tip After you install ISM run the ism_startup init script to automatically add Q the ISM version information to the bar_version table If you have problems running ON Bar verify that the sm_versions file contains the correct entry for ISM and correct syntax 5 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options The bar_object Table The bar_object Table The bar_object catalog table describes each backup object Column Name Type Explanation obj_srv_name CHAR 18 obj_oid SERIAL obj_type CHAR 2 obj_name CHAR 18 The database server name Used in a multiserver distributed system to ensure that objects are restored to the correct database server Used when multiple database servers are on the node to ensure that objects are restored in the database server instance to which the object belongs The object identifier A unique number within the table This table is a list of all storage spaces and logical logs from each database server for which at least one backup attempt was made Can be used to join with the bar_action and bar_instance tables Backup object type CD critical dbspace L logical log ND noncritical dbspace R rootdbs The user name for the object For example dbs1 1 or 15 3 is the name of log f
36. within a section 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Command Line Conventions Compliance Icons Compliance icons indicate paragraphs that provide guidelines for complying with a standard Icon Description ANSI Identifies information that is specific to an ANSI compliant database XO Identifies functionality that conforms to X Open These icons can apply to a row in a table one or more paragraphs or an entire section If an icon appears next to a section heading the compliance infor mation ends at the next heading at the same or higher level A symbol indicates the end of compliance information that appears in a table row or a set of paragraphs within a section Command Line Conventions This section defines and illustrates the format of commands that are available in Informix products These commands have their own conventions which might include alternative forms of a command required and optional parts of the command and so forth Each diagram displays the sequences of required and optional elements that are valid in a command A diagram begins at the upper left corner with a command It ends at the upper right corner with a vertical line Between these points you can trace any path that does not stop or back up Each path describes a valid form of the command You must supply a value for words that are in italics Introductio
37. AD and XP Options to another ON Bar allows you to restore objects to a different database server instance than the one from which the data was backed up You must also use compatible versions of XBSA and storage managers for both operations Important In an imported restore you do not need to use the same server number on the new computer as was used on the old computer You can change the server name in an imported restore What is a Logical Restore During a logical restore ON Bar uses a logical log backup to reapply and update any database transactions that were applied to a storage space after it was backed up Figure 1 4 shows that a logical restore recovers transactions from backed up logical log files The logical log files recorded transactions that occurred after the last backup The logical restore applies only to those storage spaces that have just been physically restored Figure 1 4 Restored dbspaces Logical Restore Root dbspace ee tee INSERT ko Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 Z The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 21 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore g Tip When you restore data ON Bar chooses the most recent level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups that you should use You perform a logical restore to bring the system up to date To replay logical log transactions in parallel use the ON_RECVRY_THREADS configuration parameter For information on ON_RECVRY_THREADS see your Adm
38. ALL A shaded option is the default action Syntax within a pair of arrows indicates a subdiagram The vertical line terminates the command 1 of 2 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options setenv Command Line Conventions Element Description A branch below the main path indicates an optional f OFF path Any term on the main path is required unless ON a branch can circumvent it A loop indicates a path that you can repeat Punctuation 3 along the top of the loop indicates the separator symbol variable for list items 7 A gate ona path indicates that you can only use that path the indicated number of times even if it is part JaA size of a larger loop Here you can specify size no more than three times within this statement segment 2 of 2 How to Read a Command Line Diagram Figure 1 shows a command line diagram that uses some of the elements that are listed in the previous table Figure 1 Example of a Command Line Diagram INFORMIXC at compiler ae pathname To construct a command correctly start at the top left with the command Then follow the diagram to the right including the elements that you want The elements in the diagram are case sensitive Figure 1 diagrams the following steps 1 Type the word setenv 2 Type the word INFORMIXC 3 Supply either a compil
39. Bar backs up each storage space it also records the backup event and finds the next storage space to process Because this processing time is the same for each storage space many small storage spaces take slightly longer to back up than a few large storage spaces of the same total size Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 5 Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements m Whether storage spaces are mirrored and how easy it is to regenerate data if they are not as opposed to restoring data from a backup tape If storage spaces are mirrored you usually do not have to restore damaged or corrupted data Although DSS databases might not be mirrored they might be easier to re create from the original external source than to restore from backups if they are corrupted or damaged For OLTP systems regenerating data from external sources is rarely possible m The number of incremental backups that you want to restore if a disk or system failure requires you to rebuild the database All backups take about the same amount of time although incre mental backups use fewer tapes Restoring storage spaces from incremental backups however is much faster than restoring from a level 0 backup and logical log backups because transactions in the logical logs must be interpreted as they are applied to the physically restored database files m The length of time users are interrupted during backups and restores You can perform ON Bar backups
40. DIR bin libbsa dll The ISMDIR variable includes a version or release number For example set ISMDIR C program files informix ism 1 00 This directory is set when the database server is installed on Windows NT This pathname is different if you use a different storage manager BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT default value 0 units Minutes takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT idle_time configuration parameter determines the maximum amount of time in minutes that an onbar worker process can be idle before it is shut down The BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT configuration parameter is optional If BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT is set to zero the onbar worker processes never time out 4 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options BAR_RETRY BAR_RETRY default value None Does not retry takes effect When the database server starts The BAR_RETRY configuration parameter specifies how many times onbar should retry a dbspace or logical log backup or restore operation if the first attempt fails The setting of the BAR_RETRY parameter determines onbar behavior If a backup or restore fails onbar attempts to back up or restore the object the specified number of times before it gives up and moves on to the next object BAR_WORKER_MAX default value 0 takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_WORKER_MAX max_worker co
41. Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations Defining Three Storage Managers and Storage Devices The configuration in Figure 2 1 on page 2 16 shows how you might set up three storage managers and three backup devices m A asilo with two drives and two connections one to coserver 1 and the other to coserver 3 m B a tape autochanger connected to coserver 4 m C asimple tape drive connected to coserver 2 Storage manager A can back up and restore storage spaces on coservers 1 and 3 Storage manager B can backup and restore storage spaces on coservers 4 and 2 Storage manager C can backup and restore logs on all four coservers Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 15 Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations Figure 2 1 Storage Manager Configuration Storage manager C Storage manager A Storage manager B poy CT L e IO e Backup device C Backup device A Backup device B Storage manager can backup and restore logs on these coservers Storage manager can backup and restore storage spaces on these coservers XBSA shared library for storage manager is available on this coserver 2 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations The ONCO
42. Do not use the coserver time or your watch to determine the point in restore time because it would not be accurate 3 18 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring On Line Storage Spaces You can use the following command to restore all the on line storage spaces or to restore a list of on line storage spaces onbar r 0 Salvaging Logical Logs If a disk fails you need to replace it before you can perform a cold restore to recover data You should salvage the logical log files that are still on the disk if they are still accessible by performing the following steps 1 To salvage logical log files on the damaged disk use the following command onbar I s 2 Replace or repair the disk if necessary 3 Restore copy the administrative files 4 To restore all the storage spaces and logical logs use the following command onbar r Performing a Cold Restore If you must perform a cold restore on a database from level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups follow these steps 1 Put the database server in microkernel mode with the following command xctl C oninit m 2 Salvage logs and restore data with the following command onbar r The onbar r command automatically salvages the logical logs and restores the critical and noncritical storage spaces 3 Replace or repair the disk if necessary W
43. Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options
44. NFIG definitions for storage managers A B and C appear in the following example if Storage manager section for storage manager A SM_ID 1 SM_NAME A BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 3 BAR_DBS_COSVR 1 3 BAR_LOG_COSVR 0 BAR_WORKER_MAX 2 END i Storage manager section for storage manager B SM_ID 2 SM_NA BA BA BA BA EN Storage manager section for storage manager C SM_ID 3 SM_NAME C BAR_WORKER_COSVR 2 BAR_DBS_COSVR 0 BAR_LOG_COSVR 1 4 BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 END RKER_COSVR 4 S_COSVR 2 4 G_COSVR 0 R D L OOU OZI C ir a e e e e DZD Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 17 Adding Storage Manager Specific Information UNIX WIN NT Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Skip this section if you use ISM For each storage manager instance make sure that m the onbar worker processes are started with the environment variables and other features that the storage manager expects To learn how to start onbar worker processes read Starting Onbar Worker Processes Manually on page 2 18 m ON Bar can find the storage manager version of the XBSA shared library To find out where ON Bar expects to find this library read Specify the Location of the XBSA Library on page 2 19 m the storage manager is compatible with the latest version of ON Bar To find out where this information is stored read Verify Compati bility Information on page 2 20 Starting Onbar Worker Proces
45. Options Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Analyzing Storage Device Requirements Ask the following interrelated questions to determine what storage devices you need For example the speed and type of storage devices partly determine the number of storage devices that you need What kind of storage devices do you need The transaction volume and the size of your database are major factors in determining the kind of storage devices that you need ISM supports simple tape devices such as QIC 4mm 8mm DLT optical devices and hard drive backups ISM does not support tape libraries jukeboxes and storage devices that automatically change the backup tapes If ISM cannot manage the storage devices that you need you need to purchase a different storage manager For further information on the storage devices that ISM supports see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide What is the availability requirement for each device Is it important for your storage devices to allow random as well as sequential access If so you cannot use tape storage devices How many storage devices do you need ISM supports up to four devices per host The number of storage devices that you need depends on the kind of storage devices that you have how they are distributed across coserver nodes how much transaction activity occurs on the database server how fast throughput is how much time you can allow for backups and other si
46. Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Chapter 1 Table of Contents Introduction About This Manual Types of Users i Software Dependencies Assumptions About Your Locale Demonstration Databases New Features Z Documentation Conventions Typographical Conventions Icon Conventions Command Line Conventie Additional Documentation On Line Manuals Printed Manuals On Line Help Error Message Files Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes Related Reading het Compliance with Industry e dards Informix Welcomes Your Comments The ON Bar Backup and Restore System What Is ON Bar The ON Bar Utility Suite Backup Scheduler Informix Storage Manager Third Party Storage seal The XBSA Interface The ON Bar Tables The Emergency Boot Files The ON Bar Activity Log N DD OF FP PKB WW Ko 1 3 1 6 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 8 1 9 1 9 1 10 Chapter 2 What Is an ON Bar Backup P What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar What Is a Storage Space Backup What Is a Logical Log Backup What Is an ON Bar Restore What is a Physical Restore Importing a Restore to a Different Database Serer What is a Logical Restore Setting the Server Mode for a Restore Restoring to a Point in Time Understanding ON Bar Processes Backup Sequence Warm Restore Sequence Cold Restore
47. Restore Rixbar_hostname servernum Merge Mixbar_hostname servernum During the cold restore process ON Bar follows these steps to create a restore boot file and restore data 1 It merges the backup boot files from all coservers and creates a boot file for the restore 2 It distributes the restore boot file to each coserver overwriting any old restore boot files 3 It uses the information in the restore boot file and merge boot file instead of the information in the sysutils database to determine which backup copy of each storage space and log to use 4 It re creates the merge boot file 5 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Appendix UNIX WIN NT ON Bar Messages This appendix describes the ON Bar activity log file and the ON Bar messages for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options The ON Bar messages include informational messages warnings and error messages To display error messages on line use the finderr command To format error messages for printing use the rofferr command To read error messages and corrective actions in Windows NT use the Informix Find Error utility This utility is available through the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options program group The ON Bar Activity Log ON Bar writes informational messages warnings and error messages to the ON Bar activity lo
48. Sample onstat g bus_sm Output with No ON Bar Activity Taking Place The following example shows the storage manager version storage manager name the number of onbar workers the number of coservers the maximum number of onbar workers started and the ON Bar idle timeout onstat g bus_sm Configured storage managers BAR_SM 1 BAR_SM_NAME ism BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 BAR_DBS_COSVR ee BAR_LOG_COSVR L2 BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT 5 END Sample onstat g bus_sm Output During a Dbspace Backup When a backup or restore session is active onstat g bus_sm also displays information about the active onbar workers as the following example shows onstat g bus_sm Configured storage managers BAR_SM 1 BAR_SM_NAME ism BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 BAR_DBS_COSVR 13 2 BAR_LOG_COSVR Tee BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT 5 END Active workers orker 2 Coserver 1 Pid 4590 State BUSY dbs1 2 0 3 24 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands Use the onbar script on UNIX or the onbar batch file on Windows NT to customize backup and restore operations start ISM and back up the ISM catalog The onbar script is located in the INFORMIXDIR bin directory UNIX or INFORMIXDIR bin directory Windows NT The default onbar scrip
49. Scheduler and the onbar worker and onbar merger processes The onbar driver onbar_d tracks backup or restore requests and waits for Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options and the onbar worker processes to complete them You can start the onbar worker processes automatically or manually Each onbar worker process is associated with a coserver and a storage manager instance Once an onbar worker process starts it might be active after the backup or restore session it was started for is completed An onbar worker can perform backups or restores from any active session To monitor the status of backups restores and onbar worker activities use the onstat g bus onstat g bus_session or onstat g bus_sm options For more information see Monitoring Backup Scheduler Status on page 3 22 1 26 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Backup Sequence Backup Sequence In a backup session ON Bar backs up both the storage spaces and the logical logs Figure 1 7 on page 1 28 describes the ON Bar backup sequence The onbar driver builds and sends a list of storage spaces to the Backup Scheduler The Backup Scheduler creates a backup session might start one or more onbar worker processes and assigns backup tasks to the onbar worker processes Each onbar worker transfers data between Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options and the storage manager until the backup request
50. Sequence F Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores Specifying a Parallel Backup or Restore Specifying a Serial Backup or Restore Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server Analyzing Your Database Server System Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager Configuring the Storage Manager Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager Configuring ON Bar Setting Environment Variables i Editing the ONCONFIG File Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations z Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Before You Make Your First Test Backup Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Datebase Servel iv Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 1 10 1 11 1 11 1 12 1 15 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 21 1 22 1 25 1 26 1 27 1 29 1 31 1 33 1 33 1 33 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 10 2 10 2 10 2 11 2 11 2 11 518 2 18 2 21 2 21 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Using ON Bar Preparing for a Backup Installing and Configuring a a Storage Manager Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Verifying That the Database Server Is On Line or Gulescent Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Backing Up Storage Spaces Examples of ON Bar Backup Comitand
51. Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar What Is a Storage Space Backup What Are Backup Levels Level 0 Backups Level 1 Backups Level 2 Backups What Is a Logical Log Backup es Why You Need to Back Up Logical Log Files Backing Up Logical Logs Even with Logging Turned Off When Should You Back Up Logical Log Files Why You Need to Save Logical Log Backups When to Salvage Logical Log Files What Is an ON Bar Restore What is a Physical Restore Importing a Restore to a Different Database Server What is a Logical Restore 1 6 1 8 1 15 1 15 1 16 1 16 1 18 1 19 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 21 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore 1 22 The Server Mode fora Warm Restore 1 22 The Server Mode for a Cold Restore 2 1 1 23 Handling Off Line Storage RS boat Gy deat AA de ar 2S Restoring toa Point in Time oS woe of SS et foe 1625 Understanding ON Bar Processes 2 2 1 1 ww we 1 26 Backup Sequence 2 a we ee ee ee ee 127 Warm Restore Sequence 2 2 2 1 ee eee ew 1 29 Cold Restore Sequence 2 2 we we ee 281 Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores 42133 Specifying a Parallel Backup or Restore 133 Specifying a Serial Backup or Restore 133 1 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Paralle
52. _LDATE and GL_LDATETIME environment variables refer to the Informix Guide to GLS Functionality ON Bar GLS Support B 3 Index A Activity log ON Bar configuration example 2 13 overview 1 10 recording errors A 1 Administrative tasks copying administrative files 1 11 synchronizing backup with 3 5 ANSI compliance icon Intro 9 level Intro 16 Backup boot file 5 10 checking data consistency 3 7 defined 1 10 3 8 examples 3 10 to 3 11 files not backed up by ON Bar 1 11 ISM catalog 3 11 levels described 1 13 logical log 1 15 3 12 parallel or serial 1 33 salvaging logical logs 1 19 saving logical log backups 1 18 sequence 1 26 storage manager installation 3 4 syntax 3 9 See also Continuous log backup See also Storage space backup Backup Scheduler definition 1 6 how it works 1 26 to 1 33 monitoring status 3 22 Backup system planning 2 3 bar_action catalog table 1 9 5 3 BAR_ACT_LOG 1 10 4 5 BAR_BSALIB_PATH 2 19 4 5 BAR_DBS_COSVR 4 11 BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT 1 27 4 6 bar_instance catalog table 1 9 5 4 BAR_LOG_COSVR 4 12 bar_object catalog table 1 9 5 7 BAR_RETRY 4 7 bar_server catalog table 1 9 5 8 BAR_SM 4 11 BAR_SM_NAME 4 12 bar_version catalog table 2 20 5 6 BAR_WORKER_COSVR 4 13 BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 33 2 14 4 7 BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE 4 8 BAR_XPORT_COUNT 4 8 Bixbar emergency boot file 5 10 C Cold restore described 1 23 example of 1 25 3 19 See Restore sequence 1 31 setting mode 1 24
53. _dbspace2 use the b option as the following example shows You could also specify the L 0 option but it is not necessary onbar b fin_dbspacel fin_dbspace2 To back up all dbspaces in a dbslice named fin_slice use the following command onbar b fin_slice Backing Up a List of Storage Spaces To back up a list of storage spaces specified in a file use the following command onbar b f usr informix backup_list listfile3 Assigning a Name to a Backup Session To assign a name to a backup session use the following command onbar b q sessionl Backing Up the ISM Catalog If you are using ISM use this command to back up the ISM catalog ism_catalog create_bootstrap If you use the onbar shell script to back up storage spaces and logical logs it also backs up the ISM catalog automatically If you call onbar_d directly you must use the ism_catalog create_bootstrap command Using ON Bar 3 11 Backing Up Logical Log Files Backing Up Logical Log Files If you are unfamiliar with logical log backups see What Is a Logical Log Backup on page 1 15 Backing Up Logical Log Files A q queue_name IX ma lt f file_w_names logstreamid Element Purpose Key Considerations f Backs up the logstreamids that are Use this option to avoid entering a long list of file_w_names listed one per line in the text file logstreamids every time that you use this option whose pathname file_w_names The filename can
54. a table A full restore restores the table during the physical restore but drops it again during the logical restore A point in time restore lets you restore all data to the moment just before the table was dropped You cannot restore only a particular storage space to a specific time The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 25 Understanding ON Bar Processes Important To determine the appropriate date and time for the point in time restore use the onlog utility that your Administrator s Guide describes The onlog output displays the date and time of the committed transactions Do not use the coserver time or your watch to determine the point in restore time because it would not be accurate When you restore Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options data to a specific time any transactions that were uncommitted when the failure occurred or at the specified point in time are lost even though they are included in an existing logical log backup The transactions are lost because the database server data can only be restored to the last known global point of consistency across all coservers This point is determined from internal information about global transactions stored in the emergency boot files and information from logical log files For information on how to restore a database to a specific time see Restoring Data on page 3 14 Understanding ON Bar Processes This section explains how ON Bar communicates with the Backup
55. an example of how to salvage logical logs manually see page 3 19 For more information on a cold restore see The Server Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 23 Warning You will lose transactions in logical log files that are not backed up or salvaged What Is an ON Bar Restore An ON Bar restore operation re creates Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options data that has become inaccessible because of hardware or software failure hardware replacement or user error For example any one of the following conditions might require that you restore your database server data m You need to replace a disk that contains database server data m A logic error in a program has corrupted a database m You need to move all of your database server data to a new computer m A user accidentally corrupted or destroyed data The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 19 What is a Physical Restore To restore data up to the time of the failure you must have at least one level 0 backup of each of your database server storage spaces and the logical log files that contain all transactions since the most recent backups of the storage spaces An ON Bar restore uses backups of storage spaces and logical logs to re create the database server data in two phases The first phase is the physical restore which restores data from backups of the storage spaces The second phase is the logical restore which restores transactions from the logical log file ba
56. another when the volume in the first device fills If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it supports automatic switching from one device to another m ISM allows migration of data from one backup medium to another For speed you can back up logical logs to disk but you must move them later to tape or other removable media or your disk will become full m ISM uses automatic expiration of data When all data on a backup device expires you can reuse that device m ISM uses remote procedure calls to transfer data from one process to another across the network Other storage managers might use the high speed interconnect of the MPP system or shared memory m ISM allows you to clone copies of backup data for on site and off site storage m If you back up to ISM on one coserver node you can restore it to ISM on a different node ISM does not support the following functions m Distributing a single data stream across multiple devices simulta neously which improves throughput if you have several slow devices m Using different encryption or compression methods for specified storage spaces or databases m Scheduling backups Tip Some third party storage managers have environment variables that you must set up so that each onbar worker process can communicate correctly with the storage manager 2 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel
57. backup will pause If you are using ISM onbar b also backs up the ISM catalog that contains information about the backed up data During the backup operation ISM creates save sets of the backed up data and enters records in the ISM catalog Backing Up Storage Spaces e o q session_name f file_w_names dbspace_list Element Purpose Key Considerations Specifies the level of backup to If you request an incremental backup and ON Bar perform finds that no previous level backup has been performed for a particular dbspace ON Bar performs a backup at the previous level instead m 0 for a complete backup m 1 for changes since the last level 0 backup For example if you request a level 1 backup and ON Bar finds no level 0 backup it makes a level 0 m 2 for changes since the last level 1_ backup instead It does not create a level 0 and a backup level 1 backup The default for level is 0 Specifies a backup process Backs up the storage spaces logical logs and the ISM catalog if it exists 1 of 2 Using ON Bar 3 9 Element Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands Purpose Backs up the dbspaces or dbslices that are listed one per line in the text file whose pathname file_w_names provides f file_w_names Key Considerations Use this option to avoid entering a long list of dbspaces or dbslices every time that you backup The filename can be any valid UNIX or Windows NT filename including sim
58. c Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Restoring to a Point in Time To perform a cold restore 1 If the files in INFORMIXDIR were destroyed re copy the ONCONFIG sqlhosts UNIX only emergency boot files oncfg and xcfg files to their original locations However if you are performing the cold restore because a critical dbspace was lost you do not need to re copy these files 2 Start with a logical log salvage ON Bar automatically salvages the logical logs unless you plan to specify a physical restore only You must also salvage the logical logs if the media has been destroyed 3 Perform a physical restore of each storage space then a logical restore You can perform the physical and logical restore at the same time or sequentially What you need to do after a cold restore 1 Copy the emergency boot files on each coserver to a safe place 2 Perform a level 0 backup 3 Copy any files that the storage manager requires Handling Off Line Storage Spaces If a storage space was never backed up it cannot be restored and is marked as off line after the cold restore Drop the storage space so that you can reuse its disk space Warning If you have not backed up a storage space and you try a cold restore its data will be lost Restoring to a Point in Time A point in time restore is a cold restore that you can use to undo mistakes that might otherwise not be fixable such as dropping
59. ck them up automatically If you do not want to monitor the logical log files use continuous automatic logical log backups The Informix database server reuses logical log files to minimize the amount of disk space required for logging transactions After ON Bar backs up a logical log file the database server frees the logical log file so that it can be overwritten with new transaction information For a complete description of the logical log see your Administrator s Guide 1 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Is a Logical Log Backup Monitoring Logical Logs To find out if a logical log file is ready to be backed up check the flags field of onstat 1 When the flags field displays any of the following values the logical log file is ready to be backed up U ili U L U C L The value U means that the logical log file was used The value L means that the last checkpoint occurred when the indicated logical log file was current The value C indicates the current logical log If B appears in the third column the logical log file is already backed up U B L The following example shows the output of onstat 1 when you use it to monitor logical logs in the logstream of a single coserver gt onstat 1 Informix IDS AD XP Version 8 20 On Line Up 01 35 15 43752 Kbytes Physical Logging Buffer bufused bufsize numpages numwrit
60. ckup of any changes to this object since its last level 0 backup 2 for a backup of any changes since the last level 1 backup The backup checkpoint time stamp Not a clock time The database server uses this value when it creates the next level backup ON Bar version that created this instance Tracks compatibility among versions of ON Bar storage managers and XBSA Can be used to join with the bar_version table 1 of 2 5 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Column Name ins_oid ins_first_log ins_sm_id ins_sm_name ins_time ins_logstream ins_chpt_log ins_last_log Type INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER CHAR 18 INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER The bar_instance Table Explanation Object identifier Identifies the affected object Can be used to join with the bar_object table Combined with ins_aid can be used to join with the bar_action table In a dbspace backup identifies the first logical log required to restore from this backup Storage manager instance ID Created from BAR_SM in ONCONFIG or ONCONFIG Storage manager instance name Created from BAR_SM_NAME in ONCONEFIG or ONCONFIG Global time stamp from the server Is a real ANSI format clock time Value represents the number of seconds since midnight January 1 1970 Green wich time The coserver ID of the log For dbspaces the cos
61. ckups Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options and ON Bar automatically know which logical logs to restore What is a Physical Restore During a physical restore ON Bar replaces a lost or corrupted storage space with a backup copy from secondary storage media Figure 1 3 illustrates a physical restore Figure 1 3 Physical Restore Backup media Root dbspace Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 ee ee g If a critical storage space is damaged because of a disk failure or corrupted data the database server goes off line You need to perform a cold restore to restore at least the critical storage spaces For more information on cold restore see The Server Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 23 If a disk failure or the corruption of data does not cause the database server to go to off line mode you can restore any noncritical storage spaces For example if one of your disks fails you can restore to a new disk only those storage spaces with chunks that resided on the failed disk If the server does go off line perform a cold restore 1 20 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Logical log backup media Transactions Importing a Restore to a Different Database Server Importing a Restore to a Different Database Server Sometimes you might want to transfer all the data from one instance of Dynamic Server with
62. d with error error_number ERROR An attempt to remove specified_information from a linked list failed with error error_number ERROR An attempt to access the previous node in a linked list failed with error error_number ERROR Error error_number while reading data from the file filename WARNING Db blobspace dbspace_name was not backed up so it cannot be restored WARNING Failed to connect to the sysmaster or sysutils database Wait until these databases are created and try again Either the sysmaster or sysutils database has not yet been created Monitor the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options message log until the message sysmaster database built successfully appears and retry your command ERROR Unable to create the db blobspace backup session session ERROR Unable to create the logstream backup session session ERROR Unable to create the logical restore session session ERROR Unable to create the physical restore session session ON Bar Messages A 13 ON Bar Messages 43133 43134 43136 43137 43138 43139 43140 43141 43142 43144 43145 43146 43147 No storage manager instances were defined in the ONCONFIG file The user has not defined a list of available storage manager instances in the ONCONEIG file Backup and restore operations will be queued until you define a storage manager Define storage manager instances in the ONCONFIG file WARNING Logstream logstream_id does not exist
63. ded You can specify the location of the activity log in the BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter or use the default location tmp bar_act log on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR bar_ lt servername gt log on Windows NT Each coserver where onbar worker or onbar driver processes are running has its own activity log if you set BAR_ACT_LOG to a local pathname Each onbar driver and onbar worker process writes to the activity log on the node where it runs Unless your system is configured to have shared direc tories and the ON Bar activity log is specified to be ina shared directory each node has an activity log that contains its local ON Bar activity For more information about the activity log and a list of ON Bar informa tional warning and error messages see Appendix A What Is an ON Bar Backup An ON Bar backup is a copy of one or more storage spaces and logical logs that the Informix database server maintains You can restore the backed up database server data if necessary The backup copy is usually written to a secondary storage medium such as magnetic tape We recommend that you store the media off line and keep a copy off site if your media and storage manager permit Important ON Bar backups do not replace ordinary operating system backups which back up all files in directories as specified in the backup command For a list of files to include in routine system backups see What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar on page 1 11
64. e It takes less time to restore data from level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups than from level 0 backups and a long series of logical log backups If you create level 0 backups infrequently the level 1 backup might be large For example if you completed the last level 0 backup a day ago you might not have many changes and the level 1 backup will be small However if the last level 0 backup was a month ago and many changes have occurred since then the level 1 backup will be considerably larger Level 2 Backups A level 2 backup contains a copy of every table page in a storage space that has changed since the last level 1 or level 0 backup All data that is copied to the backup reflects the state of the data at the time that the level 2 backup began Tip It is good practice to create a backup schedule that keeps level 1 and level 2 wy backups small and to schedule frequent level 0 backups With such a backup schedule you avoid having to restore large level 1 and level 2 backups or many logical log backups 1 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Is a Logical Log Backup What Is a Logical Log Backup A logical log backup copies all full logical log files that are not yet backed up to the storage manager The logical log contains records of all changes check points that were performed on a database during the period the log was active Unl
65. e storage spaces that change rapidly than those that change slowly or never change ISM does not support backup scheduling Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices The storage manager manages the storage devices to which the backed up data is written ISM is included with your database server For information on how to use ISM refer to the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it has the features that you need to back up your storage spaces and logical logs across all coserver nodes When you choose storage devices make sure that they are compatible with the storage manager that you choose The storage devices should have the speed and capacity that your backups require Analyzing Storage Manager Requirements ISM fulfills the following storage manager requirements m SMallows you to back up logical logs and storage spaces to different devices and to specify whether to use encryption or compression for data m ISM can write the output of parallel backups to a single device medium or volume Some backup devices can write data faster than the disks used to hold storage spaces can be read If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it allows multiple data streams to a single storage device Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 7 Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices m ISM can automatically switch from one tape device to
66. e Location of the XBSA Library Regardless of how you specify the location of the XBSA library it must be present on each hardware node where onbar worker processes are started The default location on UNIX is usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension For UNIX operating systems you can make usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension a symbolic link to the correct library If you are using ISM the default location is YISMDIR bin libbsa dll on Windows NT and INFORMIXDIR lib libbsa platform_extension on UNIX Specify the location in the BAR_BSALIB_PATH parameter if you are not using the default XBSA library If you are using a third party storage manager the default location depends on where the storage manager is installed ON Bar must use the version of the XBSA library that the storage manager manufac turer provides You can specify BAR_BSALIB_PATH in the global section of the ONCONFIG file if you configure One storage manager Storage managers from one more vendors if each shared XBSA library has the same path on each node and the paths are not NFS mounted If each XBSA library uses a different path you must specify BAR_BSALIB_PATH in each storage manager specific section of the ONCONFIG file Figure 2 2 on page 2 20 summarizes the rules for specifying the location of the XBSA library If the extension for your platform is not listed here refer to the machine notes Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 19 Adding St
67. e following users m Database server administrators m Backup operators This manual assumes that you have the following background m A working knowledge of your computer your operating system and the utilities that your operating system provides m Some experience working with relational databases or exposure to database concepts m Some experience with database server administration operating system administration or network administration If you have limited experience with relational databases SQL or your operating system refer to your Getting Started manual for a list of supple mentary titles Introduction 3 Software Deoendencies Software Dependencies This manual assumes that you are using Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options Version 8 2 as your database server Assumptions About Your Locale Informix products can support many languages cultures and code sets All culture specific information is brought together in a single environment called a GLS Global Language Support locale This manual assumes that you are using the default locale en_us 8859 1 This locale supports U S English format conventions for dates times and currency In addition this locale supports the ISO 8859 1 code set which includes the ASCII code set plus many 8 bit characters such as and If you plan to use nondefault characters in your data or your SQL identifiers or if you want to conform to the nondefault collation r
68. e storage manager activity log or equivalent Description of the object exceeds the maximum allowed value maximum_allowed_value Shorten the description of the object and retry Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options name exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_allowed_size Shorten the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options name and retry The new security token name is invalid For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Invalid vote value Must be BSAVoteCOMMIT or BSAVote_ABORT It is unclear whether the transaction should be committed or aborted Contact Informix Technical Support Invalid environment keyword For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent ON Bar Messages A 9 ON Bar Messages 43081 43082 43083 43084 43085 43086 43087 43088 That object already exists An attempt was made to create an object twice For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent A new security token must be created Create a new security token For instructions refer to the manual for your storage manager Backup object does not exist in storage manager Unable to find a backup of the object For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Exceeded available resources All backup and restore resources are in use Wait until a previous
69. ecified storage space so that they can be restored later to the state they were in at the time that the backup began You can specify a physical backup that backs up just the selected storage spaces or both the storage spaces and logical logs You can perform three different levels of storage space backups level 0 level 1 and level 2 1 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Is a Storage Space Backup You can specify storage spaces individually or with a dbslice name Speci fying storage spaces with a dbslice name simplifies backups The dbslice name is translated to the names of its component storage spaces If you create a new storage space as a member of a dbslice a backup command that specifies the dbslice automatically backs up the contents of the additional storage space What Are Backup Levels You do not always have to back up all the tables and indexes all the time For example if some tables change daily but others rarely change it is inefficient to back up the unchanged tables every time that you back up the database server To provide a more flexible backup environment ON Bar supports three backup levels Level 0 backs up all data in the specified storage spaces Level 1 backs up only data that has changed since the last level 0 backup of the specified storage spaces m Level 2 backs up only data that has changed since the last le
70. eduler sessions what work is scheduled for each ON Bar session and what work is currently in progress Both options display identical information Sample onstat g bus Output with no ON Bar Activity Taking Place In the following example two logical log backup sessions are suspended onstat g bus Backup scheduler sessions Session Log backup 2 state SUSPENDED error 0 Session Log backup 1 state SUSPENDED error 0 3 22 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Using the onstat g bus_sm Option Sample onstat g bus Output During a Dbspace Backup In the following example ON Bar and the Backup Scheduler are working on session gilism824589 Currently dbspace dbs1 2 is being backed up Dbspaces dbs12 1 and dbs12 2 are waiting to be backed up onstat g bus Backup scheduler sessions Session Log backup 2 state SUSPENDED error 0 Session Log backup 1 state SUSPENDED error 0 Session gilism824589 state WAITING error 0 DBSPACE dbs1 2 level 0 BACKUP RUNNING DBSPACE dbs12 1 level 0 BACKUP READY DBSPACE dbs12 2 level 0 BACKUP READY DBSPACE other level 0 BACKUP READY Using the onstat g bus_sm Option The onstat g bus_sm option shows the current storage manager configu ration what storage managers are assigned to each coserver and what work each storage manager is currently performing Using ON Bar 3 23 Using the onstat g bus_sm Option
71. er should be 61 940 bytes For generally good performance set to 8 although different storage managers might suggest other values The maximum value that XBSA allows is 64 kilobytes You can set this option locally for individual storage managers to override the default or specified global setting BAR_XPORT_COUNT default value 10 units Buffers range of values 3 to unlimited takes effect When an onbar worker process starts The BAR_XPORT_COUNT configuration parameter specifies the number of data buffers that each onbar worker process can use to exchange data with Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options The value of this parameter affects onbar worker performance You can set this option locally for individual storage managers to override the default or specified global setting 4 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options LOG_BACKUP_MODE LOG_BACKUP_MODE Use the LOG_BACKUP_MODE configuration parameter to determine how logical log files are backed up after they fill default value range of values takes effect MANUAL NONE Use the NONE option if you do not want to back up the logs before you reuse them This option is equivalent to setting LTAPEDEV to dev null UNIX or nul Windows NT The database server marks the logical logs as backed up as soon as they are full so that ON Bar cannot restore them When the database server starts up
72. er copy ID copyid_number Begin restore logical log logstreamid storage manager copy ID copyid_number Completed restore logical log lt logstreamid gt Successfully connected to storage manager Process process_id successfully forked Process process_id completed Active object does not exist Attempt to deactivate it failed No active object matched the name that was specified for a BSA DeactivateObject call For information on active and inactive objects refer to your storage manager manual A system error occurred Aborting XBSA session A system error prevents further processing For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent A 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43072 43073 43074 43075 43076 43077 43078 43079 43080 ON Bar Messages Attempt to authorize user_name failed Verify that the user is informix or root Invalid XBSA function call sequence The sequence of XBSA function calls is out of order For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Invalid XBSA session handle handle_id An XBSA session handle has been previously closed or corrupted For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent XBSA buffer is too small for the object For details about the problem refer to th
73. er name or pathname After you choose compiler or pathname you come to the terminator Your command is complete 4 Press RETURN to execute the command Introduction 11 Additional Documentation WIN NT Additional Documentation For additional information you might want to refer to the following types of documentation On line manuals Printed manuals On line help Error message files Documentation notes release notes and machine notes Related reading On Line Manuals An Answers OnLine CD that contains Informix manuals in electronic format is provided with your Informix products You can install the documentation or access it directly from the CD For information about how to install read and print on line manuals see the installation insert that accompanies Answers OnLine Printed Manuals To order printed manuals call 1 800 331 1763 or send email to moreinfo informix com Please provide the following information when you place your order m The documentation that you need m The quantity that you need m Your name address and telephone number On Line Help Informix provides Help screens with each graphical user interface GUI that display information about the interfaces and the functions that they perform To display these Help screens use the Help facilities provided with each GUI 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Opt
74. erver ID of ins_first_log The ID of the log that contains the rsam_time check point Used during backup to verify that logs needed for restore are backed up Log ID of the last log needed during logical restore to ensure that it can be restored if the server fails at the time of the backup 2 of 2 Catalog Tables 5 5 The bar_ version Table The bar_version Table The bar_version catalog table lists the compatible versions of ON Bar XBSA and storage manager The information in this catalog table originates in the sm_version file which is installed in the etc subdirectory of INFORMIXDIR Each storage manager should have a single line in this format 1 XBSA_ver S_M_Name S_M_ver XBSA_ver is the release version of the XBSA shared library for the storage manager S_M_Name is the name of the storage manager and S_M_ver is the storage manager version No field can be longer than 18 characters The following example shows the line for ISM 1J1 0 1 ism 1 The sm_version std file is a sample At least one record in this file must be added to the bar_version catalog table in the sysutils database You can use a text editor to update sm_versions or use DB Access to update the bar_version table Column Name Type Explanation bar_sm CHAR 18 The name of the storage manager Optional Currently not used bar_version CHAR 18 The version of ON Bar Can be used to join with the bar_instance table bsa_version CHAR 18 The
75. es dbspaces and logical logs to be backed up or restored m The ON Bar catalog tables in the sysutils database Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options The onbar onbar driver onbar_d onbar worker onbar_w start_worker and onbar merger onbar_m utilities m The XBSA interface shared library for each storage manager that your system uses You can use either Informix Storage Manager ISM or a storage manager that a third party vendor provides m Backup data on storage media The ON Bar activity log The ON Bar emergency boot files 1 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What Is ON Bar Figure 1 1 ON Bar Components ZH Storage spaces and logical logs PRE ocd C omarm m sysutils aN onbar_w pr Activity A XBSA Storage manager Emergency boot file Backup media The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 5 The ON Bar Utility Suite The ON Bar Utility Suite The ON Bar utility suite includes the following utilities onbar The onbar utility is an editable shell script on UNIX and a batch file on Windows NT that starts the onbar driver Use the onbar script or batch file to check the storage manager version and customize backup and restore operations onbar_d_ The onbar driver which starts and controls backup and restore activ ities was renamed onbar_d Use the onbar command to start backup and resto
76. ess you specify no logging for tables in a database Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options records all table update transactions in the logical log files Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options continually writes and saves new logical log records in case you must restore those transactions To keep all the logical log records needed to restore data transactions but let Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options continue to write new logical log records in a finite amount of space you free full logical log files by backing them up You can reuse the freed logical log files for recording new transactions Why You Need to Back Up Logical Log Files You should perform frequent logical log backups for the following reasons m To prevent the logical logs from filling up and hanging the database server m If you want to perform a restore in pieces for example onbar 1 s onbar r p then onbar r l m Ifa disk containing logical logs fails To illustrate suppose you perform a level 0 backup on Monday at 10 00 P M and then back up the logical logs on Tuesday at midnight On Wednesday at 11 00 A M you suffer a mishap that destroys your databases However you can recover all transactions that occurred between 10 00 P M Monday and 11 00 A M Wednesday because ON Bar automatically backs up the logical logs during a backup or warm restore To restore the transactions replay the logical log if it is available If the disks that contain the stora
77. estore at a logical log that is too early A storage space backup occurred after the log that the user specified Retry the restore up to the specified logical log or later ERROR Unable to write restore data to the database server server_name ERROR Unable to commit the restore dbspace_name ERROR Unable to start the physical restore dbspace_name ERROR Cannot warm restore critical media dbspace_name Critical data root dbspace or any dbspace that contains a logical or physical log cannot be restored if the database server is on line Shut down the database server and retry the restore ON Bar Messages A 7 ON Bar Messages 43052 43053 43057 43058 43061 43062 43063 43064 43065 43066 43067 43068 43069 43070 43071 WARNING buffer_size exceeded maximum allowed limit Changing buffer size to max_allowed_size The maximum value of BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE has been exceeded The buffer size has been reset to the maximum allowed value Begin cold level Jevel_number restore dbspace_name storage manager copy ID copyid_number Begin level level_number backup dbspace_name Completed level level_number backup dbspace_name storage manager copy ID copyid_number Begin warm level level_number restore dbspace_name storage manager copy ID copyid_number Completed warm level level_number restore dbspace_name Begin backup logical log logstreamid Completed backup logical log logstreamid storage manag
78. f the error persists please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and database server message logs and contact Informix Technical Support ERROR where_clause for query exceeds its maximum allowed length of max_length_allowed characters The SQL statement is longer than its maximum allowed size Shorten the statement or divide it in multiple statements ERROR No data to insert in table_name No data was passed to the insert function so no insert in the table was attempted Stop ON Bar and retry your command If the error persists please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and database server message logs and contact Informix Technical Support ON Bar Messages A 3 ON Bar Messages 43008 43009 43010 43011 43012 43013 ERROR Unable to convert datetime to string ESQL_return_value Date string is in an invalid format For the proper date format consult your Informix manual and retry ON Bar ERROR Data required to insert a row into table_name An SQL insert in this table cannot occur without the specified data Stop ON Bar and retry your command If the error persists please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and database server message logs and contact Informix Technical Support ERROR Failed to add selected row to linked list for query The attempt to add the selected row to the linked list failed Stop ON Bar and retry your command If the error persists
79. fferences might affect current products This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds IDS_8 2 The machine notes file describes any special actions that are required to configure and use Informix products on your computer Machine notes are named for the product described The following items appear in the Informix folder To display this folder Item choose Start gt Programs gt Informix from the Task Bar Description Documentation Notes This item includes additions or corrections to manuals along with information about features that may not be covered in the manuals or that have been modified since publication Release Notes This item describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds Machine notes do not apply to Windows NT platforms 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options UNIX WIN NT Related Reading Related Reading The following publications provide additional information about the topics that are discussed in this manual For a list of publications that provide an introduction to database servers and operating system platforms refer to your Getting Started manual An Introduction to Database Systems by C J Date Addi
80. g except for messages 43013 43014 43016 and 43039 which it might also write to standard error The ON Bar activity log helps you determine whether a backup or restore attempt succeeded The ON Bar activity log also records approximately how long an operation took and lists the objects that ON Bar backed up or restored The default location and name of the ON Bar activity log is tmp bar_act log on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR bar_act log on Windows NT To specify a different location and name for the ON Bar activity log set the BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter For information on how to set the BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter see BAR_ACT_LOG on page 4 5 About ON Bar Messages About ON Bar Messages This section explains how to read and interpret messages in the ON Bar activity log Message Format A message in the ON Bar activity log has the following format timestamp_process_idparent_process_idmessage Figure A 1 describes each field in the message No error message numbers appear in the activity log Figure A 1 ON Bar Message Format Message Field Description timestamp Date and time when ON Bar writes the message process id The number that the operating system uses to identify this instance of ON Bar parent process id The number that the operating system uses to identify the process that executed this instance of ON Bar message The ON Bar message text The following example illustrates a typical ent
81. g xps file as a template for multiple coservers The following section describes the required ON Bar configuration parameters Setting Environment Variables When you use ISM you can set certain ON Bar environment variables that affect the way in which the ISM server handles requests For information see On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM on page 4 15 Editing the ONCONFIG File The ONCONFIG file contains a global parameter section and at least one storage manager configuration section m The global section of the ONCONFIG file contains all parameters that apply to the entire database server or are identical for all coservers as follows a BAR_RETRY Q LOG_BACKUP_MODE Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 11 Editing the ONCONFIG File m You can include the following ON Bar parameters in the global section if they are the same for all storage manager instances Put these parameters in the storage manager section between the BAR_SM and END pair if they are different for each storage manager instance BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_BOOT_DIR BAR_BSALIB_PATH BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT BAR_WORKER_ MAX BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE BAR_XPORT_COUNT Include BAR_BSALIB_PATH in the storage manager definition sections instead if the libraries are not in the same location on all nodes or if you use storage managers from more than one manufacturer O oO O OU DDO m If you use ISM you can specify the volume pool names for storage spaces a
82. ge spaces with the logical logs are destroyed the transactions after midnight on Tuesday are lost To restore these transac tions from the last logical log backup salvage the logical logs onbar 1 s before repairing or replacing the bad disk and then perform a cold restore For information on salvaging logical logs see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 19 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 15 What Is a Logical Log Backup Figure 1 2 illustrates this example Figure 1 2 Logical log backup Storage Space and Logical Log Level 0 backup Failure Backups Transactions Monday 10 PM Tuesday midnight Wednesday 11 A M Ms 7 s Storage manager logical log backup media Logical log files Backing Up Logical Logs Even with Logging Turned Off Although you cannot turn off logging for an entire database you can turn off logging for specific tables Even if you do not specify logging for tables logical logs still contain administrative information such as checkpoint records and additions and deletions of chunks Important You must back up logical logs even though you are not using logging for your tables because you must restore logical logs after restoring storage spaces When Should You Back Up Logical Log Files Informix recommends that you back up each logical log file as soon as it fills To back up filled logical log files enter the backup command manually or configure ON Bar to ba
83. ges A 5 ON Bar Messages 43023 43024 43025 43027 43029 43030 43031 43032 43033 43034 ERROR Invalid serial number Please consult your Installation Instructions An error occurred during installation for ON Bar Ask your database system administrator to re install ON Bar WARNING Unable to read backup level defaulting to level 0 The backup level entered on the command line is not valid ON Bar automat ically performs a level 0 backup instead ERROR Unable to read logical log ID The logical log ID entered on the command line is not valid Verify that the logical log ID is correct and retry the command WARNING Db blobspace spacename is on line and does not need to be restored The specified storage space is undamaged and does not need to be restored WARNING dbspace does not have a level Jevel_number backup Searching for level level_number backup You cannot perform a level 1 backup unless a previous level 0 backup exists You cannot perform a level 2 backup unless a previous level 1 backup exists For each dbspace ON Bar automatically performs a backup at the missing level instead of at the level that the user requested ERROR Unable to register a new onbar worker process problem description ERROR Unable to deregister a new onbar worker process problem description ERROR Unable to get the next event problem description ERROR Received an invalid event from the database server event_nu
84. has marked the logical log file as backed up Once the logical log file is marked as backed up it is free for subsequent use when it is needed again For more information on how to use the onstat utility see your Administrator s Guide You can also use Informix Enterprise Command Center on a Windows NT workstation to review ON Bar messages in the Event Monitor log Preventing Logical Log Backups in a Test System If you set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to NONE you cannot back up or restore logical logs and log salvage does not work Although you can continue to back up storage spaces you cannot restore them The only reason to set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to NONE is to test your Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options system Do not use LOG_BACKUP_MODE NONE ina production system Restoring Data This section explains how to use ON Bar to restore data When to Perform a Warm or Cold Restore Unless your database server has failed you can restore data in a warm restore See The Server Mode for a Warm Restore on page 1 22 You can perform a warm restore of data in noncritical dbspaces under the following circumstances m The target storage space is off line or down If the dbspace is on line the database server automatically shuts down each dbspace just before it starts restoring that dbspace Taking the storage space off line ensures that users do not try to update its tables during the restore process m The storage space is on line bu
85. hen the restore is complete the server is in quiescent mode Using ON Bar 3 19 Restoring Save Sets with ISM Restoring Save Sets with ISM If you are using ISM you can restore data from save sets on the storage volume Check the save set status in the Volume Inventory window in the ISM Administrator program If the retention status of the save set has not expired you can use ON Bar to restore it If it has expired you must re create the save set entry in the ISM catalog with the ism_catalog recreate_from command For details see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide When the ISM server receives a restore request either the ism_watch command or the ISM Administrator program prompts you to mount the required storage volume on the storage device When you mount the volume the restore will resume Check for label and mount requests in the Devices window of the ISM Administrator program Restoring Data to ISM on a Different Node You can back up data to ISM on one coserver node and restore it to ISM on a different node if you follow some additional steps Because the ISM catalog on the target node does not know about the storage volumes that are on the source node you need to add the storage volumes to the ISM catalog on the target node before you can restore the data To restore the data on a different node 1 Issue the ism_catalog recreate_from lt device gt command This command adds the backup volume to the ISM
86. hese backups Each command line invocation of the onbar utility creates a session that by default is named DBSERVERNAMEprocess_id Use the onstat utility to monitor ON Bar sessions For information about the onstat utility see your Administrator s Guide Backing up dbspaces p 3 8 Backing up logical log files p 3 12 Restoring data p 3 14 Controlling sessions p 3 21 Backing Up Storage Spaces The database server must be in on line or quiescent mode to perform a backup Use the onbar b option to automatically back up the storage spaces and logical logs Only on line dbspaces are backed up Use the d option of the onstat utility to determine which dbspaces are on line Important You cannot back up or restore temporary dbspaces When the ISM server receives a backup request from ON Bar it displays label and mount requests in the Devices window of the ISM Administrator program During a backup the ISM server automatically routes storage space data to volumes in the ISMData volume pool and logical log files to volumes in the ISMLogs volume pool or whatever pools are specified in the ONCOMFIG file 3 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Backing Up Storage Spaces Always keep the volumes from the ISMLogs pool mounted to ensure that a storage device is always available to accept logical log data If the volume is not mounted the
87. ile 3 on stream 15 Catalog Tables 5 7 The bar_ server Table The bar_server Table The bar_server catalog table lists the database servers in an installation This table is used to ensure that backup objects are returned to their proper places during a restore This table is built from the INFORMIXSQLHOSTS environment variable If it is not set ON Bar uses the INFORMIXDIR etc sqlhosts information on UNIX or the sqlhosts information in the registry on Windows NT Column Name Type Explanation srv_name CHAR 18 Database server name that the DBSERVERNAME column in the sqlhosts file or registry specifies srv_node CHAR 64 Name of the node where the database server resides 5 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options ON Bar Catalog Map ON Bar Catalog Map Figure 5 1 maps the ON Bar catalog tables The gray lines show the refer ential constraints between tables If you read from right to left the data needs to be present in the first table before you can insert it in the second table For example consider the bar_object and bar_server tables Reading from right to left the bar_server table is first and the bar_object table is second If you try to insert data in the obj_srv_name column of the bar_object table a matching name must exist in the srv_name column of the bar_server table Figure 5 1 ON Bar Catalog Map bar_object obj_
88. in two steps 1 Perform a physical restore which restores dbspaces to their most recent backed up state 2 Perform a logical log backup and logical restore that updates the most recent backed up version of the dbspaces with later transactions The combination of physical and logical restores ensures that tables and indexes are as current as possible Some transactions made after the most recent logical log backup might not be recovered if a cold restore is necessary and logical log files cannot be salvaged To perform a physical restore followed automatically by a logical log backup and restore use the onbar r command For finer control use the onbar r p command to perform only a physical restore without a logical restore and then use the onbar r 1 command to perform only a logical restore Using ON Bar 3 15 Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore You can restore multiple dbspaces separately or concurrently then perform a single logical restore Keep in mind however that before users can access data you must perform a physical restore and a logical restore Tip For faster performance in a restore assign separate storage devices for backing up storage spaces and logical logs If physical and logical backups are mixed together on the storage device it takes longer to scan the tape during a restore Restoring Data f file_w_names __ q queue_name dbspace_list logstreamid Element Purpose Key Co
89. inistrator s Guide During a warm restore ON Bar applies backed up logical log files to the restored storage spaces However because the database server is in on line mode users might generate transactions that are being recorded in the logical log files To avoid overwriting the current logical log ON Bar writes to temporary space the logical log files that are replayed For information on how Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options looks for temporary space see the discussion of DBSPACETEMP in your Administrator s Guide Warning Make sure that you have enough temporary space for the logical log portion of the restore The minimum amount of temporary space that the database server needs is equivalent to the total logical log space for the coservers on which storage spaces are being restored or the number of log files to be replayed whichever is smaller Setting the Server Mode for a Restore When you restore data you must decide whether to do so while the database server is in microkernel quiescent or on line mode This decision depends in part on the data that you want to restore The following sections explain the factors that determine which Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options mode to use when you perform a restore The Server Mode for a Warm Restore A warm restore restores noncritical dbspaces while Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options is in on line or quiescent mode It consists of one or more physical restore operati
90. ions UNIX WIN NT Error Message Files Error Message Files Informix software products provide ASCII files that contain all the Informix error messages and their corrective actions For a detailed description of these error messages refer to Informix Error Messages in Answers OnLine To read error messages on UNIX use the following commands Command Description finderr Displays error messages on line rofferr Formats error messages for printing To read error messages and corrective actions on Windows NT use the Informix Find Error utility To display this utility choose Start gt Programs Informix from the Task Bar Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes In addition to printed documentation the following sections describe the on line files that supplement the information in this manual Please examine these files before you begin using your database server They contain vital information about application and performance issues Introduction 13 Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes On UNIX platforms the following on line files appear in the UNIX P 8 PP INFORMIXDIR release en_us 0333 directory On Line File Purpose BARDOC 8 2 The documentation notes file describes features that are not covered in this manual or that have been modified since publication SERVERS 8 2 The release notes file describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these di
91. it writes a message to the online log if LOG_BACKUP_MODE NONE If you set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to NONE you cannot also restore logs or storage spaces CONT Use the CONT option if you want to back up logical log files as they fill An onbar worker process backs up each logical log file as soon as it fills MANUAL Use the MANUAL option if you want to queue the logical log files until you can issue an onbar 1 command When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts Warning If you set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to NONE full logs are not backed up to storage media All transactions in those logs are lost and you will not be able to restore them Configuring ON Bar 4 9 Setting Local ON Bar Configuration Parameters Setting Local ON Bar Configuration Parameters These configuration parameters allow you to specify several storage manager instances for Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options Each storage manager section must begin with a BAR_SM statement and end with an END statement If you do not set a parameter ON Bar automatically sets it to its default value Parameters in the storage manager section override global parameters Consider the following factors before you set ONCONFIG options for a storage manager m The software requirements and design of the storage manager m The number arrangement and designated use of the storage devices m The operational requirements of your system Important Each storage manager brand mus
92. ived from another process the operating system or a user The onbar_m should not be called except with a Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options environment A call was made to the onbar_m utility which is only appropriate in a Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options environment onbar_m usage onbar_m connection address The connection address is determined by the XCC package The user entered a command incorrectly which might indicate an error in ON Bar You should use the onbar command line to start onbar_m and rarely manually If you start onbar_m manually use the ON Bar activity log BAR_ACT_LOG to determine the correct value and try again If ON Bar issued onbar_m automatically call Informix Technical Support ON Bar failed to initialize the XCC communications mechanism error_number The onbar process is waiting for onbar_m processes to connect at server_address Ina Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options cold restore the onbar process that the user started launches onbar_m processes on various nodes of the MPP to collect data required to perform the cold restore Each onbar_m process needs to connect to the onbar process with a communications address devised by the onbar process This address is named in this message If you are starting onbar_m manually type the address named in the message above on the onbar_m command line Waiting for onbar_m processes to connect Several onbar_m processes have just been started
93. l Options his chapter explains the following concepts of the ON Bar backup and restore system for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options What is ON Bar What is an ON Bar backup What is an ON Bar logical log backup What is an ON Bar restore Understanding ON Bar processes What Is ON Bar ON Bar is a backup and restore system for Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options on UNIX and Windows NT Use ON Bar to make a backup copy of your database server data and logical logs as insurance against lost or corrupted data Data might be lost or corrupted for reasons that range from a program error to a disk failure to a disaster that damages the facility in which your computer resides To recover data restore the database in two steps m Restore the backup copy of the data m Restore the logical logs to bring data as close as possible to the most recent state If you restore noncritical data while the database server is on line or quiescent that process is called a warm restore If you restore critical data while the database server is in microkernel mode it is called a cold restore A mixed restore is a cold restore followed by a warm restore For information on microkernel mode see your Administrator s Guide The ON Bar Backup and Restore Systen 1 3 What Is ON Bar Figure 1 1 on page 1 5 shows the following components of the ON Bar backup and restore system m Storage spac
94. mber Valid events have these numbers 1 dbspace backup 2 dbspace restore 4 log backup 8 dbspace backup placement 32 dbspace restore placement 64 log backup placement 128 log restore placement 512 exit ERROR Unable to start the db blobspace backup problem description A 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43035 43036 43037 43039 43040 43042 43045 43046 43047 43048 43049 43050 43051 ON Bar Messages ERROR Unable to get backup data from the database server problem description ERROR Unable to close the backup problem description ERROR Unable to commit the backup problem description ERROR Unable to start the logical log backup problem description ERROR Unable to commit the backup 1 ERROR Version version_number of the XBSA shared library is not compatible with version version_number of ON Bar Either Informix did not certify the XBSA shared library that the storage management vendor or an error occurred during installation of ON Bar Verify that ON Bar was installed properly Verify that the XBSA library is certified ERROR Db blobspace dbspace_name does not exist Verify that the storage space exists in Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options ERROR Unable to start the logical restore dbspace_name ERROR Must restore logical logs from date_time or later The user wants to stop the r
95. milar factors How can storage devices be distributed across coserver nodes Configure one ISM server per MPP node where backup devices will be attached Some hardware platforms limit the number of devices that can be attached to a node Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 9 Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager Follow the instructions in the storage manager documentation to install and configure the storage manager software on at least one node of the database server Configuring the Storage Manager Before you begin using ISM to manage your database server backups you must perform the following configuration tasks If you are using a third party storage manager perform steps 1 3 and 4 Set ON Bar configuration parameters and environment variables Configure the ISM server properties Configure your storage devices Label your storage volumes a F O N Designate a safe place to keep the ISM server bootstrap printouts Once you configure the ISM server and storage devices and label volumes for your database server and logical log backups you are ready to initiate a backup or restore operation with ON Bar For details see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager Storage managers have slightly different installation and configuration requirements Make sure that you follow the manufacturer s in
96. n 9 Command Line Conventions line path Element command You might encounter one or more of the following elements on a command Description This required element is usually the product name or other short word that invokes the product or calls the compiler or preprocessor script for a compiled Informix product It might appear alone or precede one or more options You must spell a command exactly as shown and use lowercase letters variable A word in italics represents a value that you must supply such as a database file or program name A table following the diagram explains the value flag A flag is usually an abbreviation for a function menu or option name or for a compiler or preprocessor argument You must enter a flag exactly as shown including the preceding hyphen ext A filename extension such as sql or cob might follow a variable that represents a filename Type this extension exactly as shown immediately after the name of the file The extension might be optional in certain products Punctuation and mathematical notations are literal symbols that you must enter exactly as shown Single quotes are literal symbols that you must enter as shown Privileges p 5 17 A reference in a box represents a subdiagram Imagine that the subdiagram is spliced into the main diagram at this point When a page number is not specified the subdiagram appears on the same page
97. n Storage Spaces To restore all storage spaces that are down without restoring the logical log use the r and p options as the following example shows onbar r p Using ON Bar 3 17 Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring Logical Logs Only To restore logical logs after restoring storage spaces use the r and l options as the following example shows onbar r Restoring Specified Storage Spaces or Dbslices To restore particular storage spaces for example two dbspaces named fin_dbspace1 and fin_dbspace2 use the r option as the following example shows onbar r fin_dbspacel fin_dbspace2 To restore all dbspaces in a dbslice named fin_slice use the following command onbar r fin_slice If any storage spaces are on line they are skipped in the restore Restoring Data to a Point in Time To restore a database to its state at a specific date and time enter a command using the date and time format for your GLS locale as this example shows onbar r t 1997 05 10 12 00 00 For an overview see Restoring to a Point in Time on page 1 25 For an example of using point in time restore in a non English locale see Point in Time Restore Example on page B 3 Important To determine the appropriate date and time for the point in time restore use the onlog utility that your Administrator s Guide describes The onlog output displays the date and time of the committed transactions
98. nd logical logs in the ONCONFIG file Specify these param eters in either the global or storage manager definition sections If you do not set these parameters ISM uses the default volume pool names ISMData and ISMLogs a ISM_DATA_POOL a ISM_LOG_POOL m You must define each storage manager that you have installed and configured in the storage manager section as illustrated in Defining a Storage Manager on a Five Coserver AD XP System on page 2 14 The following parameters belong in the storage manager section only a BAR_SM required starts the storage manager section BAR_WORKER_COSVR required BAR_SM_NAME BAR_DBS_COSVR BAR_LOG_COSVR oO oO D D 2 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options UNIX WIN NT Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations Important ON Bar does not use the TAPEDEV TAPEBLK TAPESIZE LTAPEDEV LTAPEBLK and LTAPESIZE configuration parameters Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations This section shows sample configuration parameters for ON Bar and the storage manager definition Use this configuration to test a simple backup and restore For more information about each configuration parameter refer to Chapter 4 Configuring ON Bar Sample ON Bar Parameter Values UNIX i Backup Restore Variables BAR_ACT_LOG tmp bar_act log Path of activity log BAR_RETRY 1 Number
99. nfiguration parameter determines the maximum number of onbar worker processes that the database server automatically starts for this storage manager instance The maximum number of onbar worker processes that run simultaneously depends on the capabilities of the storage manager In the simplest configu ration set BAR_WORKER_MAX to the number of storage devices physically connected to the nodes that BAR_WORKER_COSVR specifies If onbar workers for a specific storage manager have special startup require ments such as environment variables you can specify these by editing the start_worker script file For information see Starting Onbar Worker Processes Manually on page 2 18 If storage managers have dynamic requirements for onbar worker processes you might have to start them manually Important BAR_WORKER_MAX is optional If you set BAR_ WORKER_MAX to 0 you must start the onbar worker processes manually because the database server does not start them automatically Configuring ON Bar 4 7 BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE default value 8 pages which is 32 kilobytes on most Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options platforms units PAGESIZE range of values 1 to 15 pages takes effect When the onbar w utility starts The BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE configuration parameter specifies the size of each transfer buffer The actual size of a transfer buffer is BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE PAGESIZE For example if BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE is 15 the transfer buff
100. ng KEYWORD All keywords appear in uppercase letters in a serif font italics Within text new terms and emphasized words appear in italics Within syntax diagrams values that you are to specify appear in italics boldface Identifiers names of classes objects constants events functions program variables forms labels and reports environment variables database names filenames table names column names icons menu items command names and other similar terms appear in boldface monospace Information that the product displays and information that you enter appear in a monospace typeface 1 of 2 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Icon Conventions Convention Meaning KEYSTROKE Keys that you are to press appear in uppercase letters in a sans serif font This symbol indicates the end of feature platform or compliance specific information within a table or section gt This symbol indicates a menu item For example Choose Tools gt Options means choose the Options item from the Tools menu 2 of 2 Tip When you are instructed to enter characters or to execute a command immediately press RETURN after you type the indicated information on your keyboard When you are instructed to type the text or to press other keys you do not need to press RETURN Icon Conventions Throughout
101. ns q queue_name Allows you to assign a name to This option defaults to DBSERVERNAMEprocess_ID the restore This name appears in the onstat utility so that you can follow the progress of the backup Specifies a restore None Specifies the time of the last trans Use this option to restore a database to an earlier action to be restored from the state You can use point in time restore in a cold logical logs in a cold restore restore only How you enter the time depends on your current GLS locale convention If the GLS locale is not set use English style date format For more information see Restoring to a Point in Time on page 1 25 dbspace_list Names one or more dbspaces or _ If you do not enter a dbspace_list or f file_w_names all dbslices to be restored storage spaces are restored If you enter more than one storage space name separate each item in the list with a space logstreamid Uniquely identifies logical log If you supply more than one logstreamid separate records that a given AD XP each item in the list with a space coserver generates A logstream is a coserver ID 2 of 2 Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands The following sections contain examples of ON Bar syntax for restoring data Restoring all Down Storage Spaces and Logical Logs To restore completely all storage spaces that Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options has marked as down use the r option onbar r Restoring all Dow
102. nsiderations Specifies a restore None Specifies a restore of on line You can use the O option with the q p or f storage spaces This option does options or a list of dbspace names If you specify the not re create missing chunk files t or n options or logstreamids with O they are ignored f filew_names Restores the dbspaces or dbslices_ Use this option to avoid entering a long list of that are listed one per line in the dbspaces or dbslices every time that you use this text file whose pathname option The filename can be any valid UNIX or file_w_names provides Windows NT filename including simple listfile_1 relative backup_lists listfile_2 and absolute For a logical l t nly th P cm S c informix backup_lists listfile3 filenames file contains lists of logstreams instead of dbspaces or dbslices You can use dbslice names only for warm restores Specifies a logical restore only The logical restore applies only to those storage Restores and rolls forward the spaces that have already been physically restored logical logs Specifies a physical restore only This option must be followed by a logical restore before data is accessible This option turns off log salvage during a cold restore 1 of 2 3 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Element Purpose Key Consideratio
103. o 13 F Feature icons Intro 8 Features product Intro 5 Files administrative 1 11 comprising logical log 1 15 emergency boot 5 10 not backed up by ON Bar 1 11 finderr utility Intro 13 G Global Language Support GLS Intro 4 B 1 GL_DATE environment variable B 2 GL_DATETIME environment variable B 2 Icons comment Intro 7 compliance Intro 9 feature Intro 8 platform Intro 8 product Intro 8 Importing a restore 1 21 Incremental backup example 3 10 Industry standards compliance with Intro 16 Informix Enterprise Command Center using BAR 3 3 Informix Storage Manager ISM backups use of 3 8 catalog backup 3 9 3 11 configuration parameters 4 14 configuring 2 10 description 1 7 environment variables 4 15 ISM catalog 1 11 shared library path 2 19 storage devices 2 9 storage manager requirements 2 7 volume pool names 2 12 INFORMIXDIR bin directory Intro 5 INFORMIXSQLHOSTS environment variable 5 8 ISM See Informix Storage Manager ISM Administrator Devices window 3 8 3 20 Volume Inventory window 3 20 ISM catalog backing up 3 9 3 11 defined 1 11 ISMData volume pool 2 12 3 8 ISMLogs volume pool 2 12 3 8 ism_catalog command 3 11 3 20 ISM_COMPRESSION environment variable for ON Bar 4 15 ISM_DATA_POOL configuration parameter 2 12 4 14 ISM_ENCRYPTION environment variable for ON Bar 4 15 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Option
104. ocale The ON Bar catalog tables in the sysutils database are in English Change the client and database locales to en_us 8859 1 before attempting to connect to sysutils Identifiers that Support Non ASCII Characters The Informix Guide to GLS Functionality describes the SQL identifiers that support non ASCII characters Non ASCII characters include both 8 bit and multibyte characters You can use non ASCII characters in the database names and filenames with the ON Bar and onutil commands and for filenames in the ONCOMFIG file For example you can specify a non ASCII filename for the ON Bar activity log in BAR_ACT_LOG and a non ASCII pathname for the storage manager library in BAR_BSALIB_PATH Identifiers That Require 7 Bit ASCII Characters You must use 7 bit ASCII characters for the following identifiers m Storage space names m Database server names Locale of ON Bar Messages All ON Bar messages appear in the activity log in the client locale except the messages that the database server issues For example the part of the message that tells you that a database server error occurred appears in the client locale and the server generated part appears in the server locale Using the GL_DATETIME Environment Variable with ON Bar The database server must know how to interpret and convert the end user formats when they appear in date or time data that the client application sends You can use the GL_DATE and GL_DATETIME environment
105. of backups If you change the identification number after you use the storage manager to perform a backup you invalidate the backups that you have made BAR_DBS_COSVR range of values A list of unique positive integers greater than or equal to one takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_DBS_COSVR dbs_cosvr_list configuration parameter specifies the coservers from which the storage manager that BAR_SM specifies can be sent dbspace backup and restore data If BAR_DBS_COSVR is set to 0 the storage manager is not given dbspaces from any coserver You might specify BAR_DBS_COSVR 0 to reserve a storage manager for logical log backups only To provide flexibility and improved performance this list of coservers can overlap with values listed for other storage managers The values are coserver numbers separated by commas Hyphens indicate ranges BAR_DBS_COSVR is optional The default is all coservers Configuring ON Bar 4 11 BAR_LOG_COSVR BAR_LOG_COSVR range of values A list of unique positive integers greater than or equal to one takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_LOG_COSVR log_cosvr_list configuration parameter specifies the coservers from which the storage manager that BAR_SM specifies can be sent logical log backup and restore data If BAR_LOG_COSVR is set to 0 the storage manager is not given logical logs from any coserver You might specify BAR_LOG_COSVR 0 to
106. on New Features The Introduction to each Informix product manual contains a list of major features for that product New features for Informix products also appear in release notes This manual describes the following new features that have been imple mented in Version 8 2 of Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options m Informix Storage Manager ISM a native storage manager for backup media m The onbar command file shell script on UNIX batch file on Windows NT which allows you to set up ISM and execute other commands m Global language support GLS m Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC a new graphical interface for performance monitoring and administration This manual also discusses the following features which were introduced in Version 8 1 of INFORMIX OnLine XPS m Nonlogging tables m Dbslices for centralized administration of storage spaces Introduction 5 Documentation Conventions Documentation Conventions This section describes the conventions that this manual uses These conven tions make it easier to gather information from this and other Informix manuals The following conventions are covered Typographical conventions Icon conventions Command line conventions Sample code conventions Typographical Conventions This manual uses the following standard set of conventions to introduce new terms illustrate screen displays describe command syntax and so forth Convention Meani
107. ons a logical log backup and a logical restore You can restore a storage space that is down or has at least one chunk that is down inconsistent or recovering Figure 1 5 on page 1 23 shows a warm restore Important If the storage space to be restored is on line use the onbar r O option to restore it 1 22 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Setting the Server Mode for a Restore Figure 1 5 Dbspace backup tapes Warm Restore fo Critical dbspaces Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 ID La Transactions INSERT The Server Mode for a Cold Restore Logical log backup media A cold restore requires that the database server be in microkernel mode A cold restore consists of a logical log file salvage one or more physical restores and a logical restore In a cold restore you must also restore all the critical dbspaces on all coservers If a critical dbspace on any of the nodes goes down you must perform a cold restore on all coservers The critical dbspaces are as follows m The root dbspaces m The dbspaces that contain the physical log m Any dbspace that contains a logical log file Tip If you mirror the critical dbspaces you can avoid having to perform a cold restore As Figure 1 6 on page 1 24 shows you can restore all the storage spaces that Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options manages with one physical
108. or information about how to set storage manager parameters see Setting Local ON Bar Configuration Parameters on page 4 10 Specifying a Serial Backup or Restore You can specify serial backups and restores with Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options in two ways m Set BAR WORKER MAX to 0 Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options does not automatically start any onbar worker processes You must start the onbar worker processes manually before you can back up or restore data m Set BAR WORKER MAX to 1 Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts one onbar worker and backs up or restores the data serially The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 33 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server Analyzing Your Database Server System Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Analyzing Storage Manager Requirements Analyzing Storage Device Requirements Installing and Configuring the Storage onean Configuring the Storage Manager Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager Configuring ON Bar Setting Environment Variables Editing the ONCONFIG File Examples of ON Bar and Storage Manager Configurations Adding Storage Manager Specific Information aS Starting Onbar Worker Processes Manually Specify the Location of the XBSA Library Verify Compatibility Information Before You Make Your First Test Backup
109. orage Manager Specific Information Figure 2 2 Specifying the Location of the XBSA Library Location AIX 3 x AIX 4 x UNIX Other Windows NT usr lib ibsad001 0 Yes No No No usr lib ibsad001 ext None 0 sl or so dll Library pathname in No No Yes Yes BAR_BSALIB_PATH use LIBPATH use LIBPATH environment environment variable instead variable instead Symbolic link Yes Yes Yes No LIBPATH environment No Yes Depends on the No variable in onbar or platform start_worker scripts Verify Compatibility Information Before ON Bar starts a backup or restore process it calls the currently installed version of the storage manager specific XBSA shared library to get its version number If this version is compatible with the current version of ON Bar and is defined in the INFORMIXDIR etc sm_versions file ON Bar begins the requested operation The information from the sm_versions file is in the bar_version table in the sysutils database If you are using a third party storage manager the vendor supplies a row for the bar_version table that contains the version number Add this row to the bar_version table in the sysutils database and to the sm_versions file in the INFORMIXDIR etc directory UNIX or INFORMIXDIR etc directory Windows NT on every coserver node where you can run onbar worker processes If you update these files reinitialize the database server for the changes to take effect For more information see
110. ormation Verifying Database Integrity Verifying That the Database Server Is On Line o or Quiescent I Siete dd Bee i te 4 Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Backing Up Storage Spaces Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands Performing an Incremental Backup Performing a Complete Backup of Specified Storage Spaces Backing Up a List of Storage Spaces Assigning a Name to a Backup Session Backing Up the ISM Catalog Backing Up Logical Log Files Performing a Manual Backup of Logical Logs Performing a Continuous Logical Log Backup Using Logical Log Backup Completion Messages Preventing Logical Log Backups in a Test System Restoring Data pafin When to Perform a Warm or r Cold Restore Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring all Down Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Restoring all Down Storage Spaces Restoring Logical Logs Only 3 4 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 6 3 7 3 7 3 8 3 10 3 10 3 11 Restoring Specified Storage Spaces or Dbslices 3 18 Restoring Data to a Point in Time 3 18 Restoring On Line Storage Spaces 1 3 19 Salvaging Logical Logs 2 2 1 1 we wwe 8 19 Performing a Cold Restore 2 2 2 1 ww 8 9 Restoring Save Sets with ISM hoe ote ht oh anuta 20 Restoring Data to ISM on a Different Node fot 2 amp Ge amp Bees 73220 Starting and Stopping ON Bar Sessions
111. ormix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements The amount of memory available on each node and the distribution of processor activity across nodes To calculate the amount of memory that each onbar worker process requires use the following formula required_memory BAR_XPORT_COUNT BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE PAGE_SIZE 5 MB The ONCONFIG file section for each storage manager specifies the settings for BAR_XPORT_COUNT and BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE The page size is 4 kilobytes on Windows NT and either 2 or 4 kilobytes on UNIX depending on the platform Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements The following database server usage requirements also affect your decisions about the storage manager and storage devices The amount and rate of transaction activity that you expect the size of each logical log stream how the transaction activity is distributed across logical log streams and when it occurs If you are running an OLTP system with many transactions evenly distributed across coservers your storage manager and storage device requirements are different from a DSS system which usually generates few transactions In addition if logstreams are the same size on each coserver but activity is not evenly distributed space and resources are wasted You should adjust them for efficiency The size and number of storage spaces in the database When ON
112. ot Files ON Bar Messages ON Bar GLS Support Index Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 4 14 4 15 5 4 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 Introduction About This Manual Types of Users Software Dependencies Assumptions About Your Locale Demonstration Databases New Features Documentation Conventions Typographical Conventions Icon Conventions Comment Icons Feature and Platform Teens Compliance Icons Command Line Conventions How to Read a Command Line Diagram Additional Documentation On Line Manuals Printed Manuals On Line Help Error Message Files Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes Related Reading Compliance with Industry Standards Informix Welcomes Your Comments OO GANAN O O VU Bee BR WW 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options ead this introduction for an overview of the information provided in this manual and for an understanding of the documentation conventions used About This Manual This manual is both a reference manual and a user guide for backing up and restoring data that Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options manages This manual explains the concepts and methods that you can use to back up and restore your data Types of Users This manual is for th
113. ows NT you must be user informix m Include ON Bar and ISM commands in a shell script or batch file For information see Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands on page 3 25 m Use BAR in Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC to perform and monitor backup and restore operations For information see the Informix Enterprise Command Center User Guide m Call ON Bar from a job scheduling program Using ON Bar 3 3 Preparing for a Backup Preparing for a Backup This section explains the preliminary steps that you must take before you perform storage space and logical log backups Installing and Configuring a Storage Manager Before you can create a backup with ON Bar you must configure ISM or another storage manager on one or more coservers You can install and configure more than one storage manager if you have more than one storage device such as a single tape drive and a jukebox and you want to connect the devices on different nodes Instructions for a simple ON Bar and ISM test configuration appear in Chapter 2 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager For information about ONCONFIG settings for storage managers see Setting Local ON Bar Configuration Parameters on page 4 10 Make sure your storage manager is ready to receive data before you begin a backup or restore Reserve separate storage devices for storage space and logical log backups Label and mount all tapes in the
114. ple listfile_1 relative backup_lists listfile_2 or backup_lists listfile and absolute ust informix backup_lists listfile3 or c informix backup_lists listfile3 filenames Allows you to assign a name to the backup session This name appears in the onstat utility so that you can follow the progress of the backup q session_name This option defaults to DBSERVERNAMEprocess_ID Names a dbspace or dbslice to be backed up dbspace_list storage spaces server are backed up onbar b L l If you do not enter dbspace_list or f file_w_names ON Bar backs up all objects that the database server manages If you enter a dbslice name it is translated to the names of all dbspaces in the dbslice If you enter more than one dbspace or dbslice name use a space to separate the names 2 of 2 Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands The following sections contain examples of ON Bar syntax for backing up Performing an Incremental Backup To perform an incremental level 1 backup use the L 1 option If you do not specify any storage space names all the storage spaces on the database 3 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands Performing a Complete Backup of Specified Storage Spaces To perform a complete backup of specified storage spaces for example two dbspaces named fin_dbspace1 and fin
115. please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and database server message logs and contact Informix Technical Support ERROR Missing data for table_name The required data is missing Stop ON Bar and retry your command If the error persists please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and database server message logs and contact Informix Technical Support ERROR Updates to table_name primary key are not allowed Updating the primary key to a table is not allowed Delete the row and then attempt to insert a new row with the new primary key ERROR Unable to open connection to database server server_name The database server is in an incorrect state Bring the database server to the correct state For a backup the database server should be in on line or quiescent mode For a warm restore the database server should be in on line quiescent backup or recovery mode For a cold restore or log salvage the database server should be in microkernel mode You can put the database server in microkernel mode with the oninit command or use IECC which runs on an Windows NT workstation A 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43014 43015 43016 43017 43018 43019 43020 43022 ON Bar Messages WARNING Physical restore complete Logical restore required before work can continue This restore was only a physical restore or
116. r of minutes that an onbar worker is idle before it is shut down Can be a global or local parameter Specifies how many times a dbspace backup logical log backup or restore operation should be retried if the first attempt fails Specifies the maximum number of onbar worker processes that the Backup Scheduler can start for this storage manager instance You can start additional onbar worker processes manually Can be a global or local parameter Specifies the size in pages of the buffers used between AD XP and each onbar worker Specifies the number of shared memory data buffers for each onbar worker Specifies how to handle full logical log files 4 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_ACT_LOG default value UNIX tmp bar_act log Windows NT INFORMIXDIR bar_act log takes effect When onbar starts or when an onbar worker process starts The BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter specifies the full pathname of the ON Bar activity log Whenever a backup or restore activity or error occurs the onbar_w onbar_m or onbar_d utility writes a brief description to the activity log The format of the file resembles the format of the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options message log You can examine the activity log to determine the results of onbar actions Warning Even if you have set the path of bar_act log to some other directory check
117. re operations onbar_w_ The onbar_w utility starts onbar worker processes that transfer data between Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options and the storage manager until the backup or restore request is fulfilled onbar_m The onbar_m utility starts onbar merger which collects and processes the backup and merge emergency boot files from each coserver and creates the restore boot file You can call onbar and onbar_d from the command line a script a scheduler such as cron UNIX or a storage manager process Backup Scheduler The onbar driver communicates backup or restore requests to the Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options Backup Scheduler The Backup Scheduler tracks all active and scheduled backup and restore activities for all the coservers in Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options The Backup Scheduler creates one or more sessions each of which contains a list of objects to back up or restore It then starts onbar worker processes to back up or restore objects in the lists and coordinates the session activity A session is a single backup or restore request For more information on the Backup Scheduler see Understanding ON Bar Processes on page 1 26 1 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Informix Storage Manager Informix Storage Manager ON Bar is packaged with Informix Storage Manager ISM However you can purchase a third party storage
118. reserve a storage manager for dbspace backups only The values are coserver numbers separated by commas Hyphens indicate ranges For example BAR_LOG_COSVR 1 5 7 9 specifies a storage manager that backs up logical logs on coservers 1 2 3 4 5 7 and 9 Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options restricts BAR_LOG_COSVR settings to guarantee that no two storage manager instances can back up logs for the same coserver BAR_LOG_COSVR is optional The default is all coservers BAR_SM_NAME default value Null string range of values Any character except a space and the pound sign takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_SM_NAME name configuration parameter is the name of the storage manager It must be 18 characters or fewer 4 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options BAR_WORKER_COSVR BAR_WORKER_COSVR range of values A list or range of unique positive integers greater than or equal to one takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_WORKER_COSVR worker_cosvr_list configuration parameter specifies which coservers can access the storage manager that BAR_SM identifies If BAR_SM is specified BAR_WORKER_COSVR must also be specified Any coserver on the list can restore data that other coservers on the list back up Enter the numbers of the coservers where worker sessions can be started for thi
119. restore and one logical restore The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 23 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore Figure 1 6 Dbspace backup tapes Cold Restore Critical dbspaces Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 J 7 Se Transactions INSERT Logical log backup media Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options must be in microkernel mode when you begin a cold restore but it goes into recovery mode after the reserved pages of the root dbspace are restored After the reserved pages are restored the database server stays in recovery mode until the logical restore is complete after which it is in quiescent mode Use the following command to bring the database server to microkernel mode from off line mode xctl C oninit m You usually need to salvage the logical logs before starting a cold restore to avoid losing logs that you have not backed up The logical log restore that takes place during a cold restore uses the same disk space to sort logical logs that is used for the logical log files during normal database server processing For this reason a physical restore overwrites the data in the logical log files For more information see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 19 For information about how ON Bar uses the emergency boot files in a cold restore see The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot Files on page 5 10 1 24 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynami
120. rid on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR etc oncfg_servernam servernum coserverid on Windows NT The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 11 What Is a Storage Space Backup UNIX m The xcfg file The filename is INFORMIXDIR etc xcfg_servername servernum on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR etc xcfg_servername servernum on Windows NT The emergency boot files from each coserver The sqlhosts file The sm_versions file Storage manager configuration and data files For more information see your storage manager documentation m UNIX and Windows NT operating system and data files Although ON Bar does not back up the following files ON Bar automatically re creates them during a restore You do not need to make backup copies of the following files m The dbspace pages that are allocated to the database server but that are not yet allocated to a tblspace extent m Mirror chunks if the corresponding primary chunks are accessible m Temporary dbspaces During a backup if ON Bar encounters a storage space that is down it skips that storage space and writes a message to the activity log Warning You cannot back up storage spaces that ON Bar skips However you can restore these storage spaces from older backups if they were backed up at least once What Is a Storage Space Backup A storage space backup is a backup of one or more specified storage spaces or all storage spaces A storage space backup copies the tables and indexes in each sp
121. rker process on coserver 1 Data on coservers 1 through 5 is backed up or restored to the storage manager on coserver 1 If you omit the BAR_WORKER_MAX parameter you must start onbar worker processes manually For more information see Starting Onbar Worker Processes Manually on page 2 18 Storage Manager instances BAR_SM 1 Storage manager ID BAR_SM_NAME A Storage manager name BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 Storage mgr is on coserver 1 BAR_DBS_COSVR 1 5 Route dbspaces to this storage mgr BAR_LOG_COSVR 1 5 Route logs to this storage mgr BAR_WORKER_MAX 1 J Number of onbar workers END Defining the Number of Onbar Worker Processes on Two Storage Managers The following example defines different storage managers on two coservers Because the global BAR_WORKER_MAX value is 3 storage manager BAKER on coserver 2 can have three onbar worker processes executing in parallel For storage manager ABEL the local BAR_WORKER_MAX value overrides the global BAR_ WORKER_MAX value Storage manager ABEL can have one onbar worker executing at a time Global section BAR_WORKER_MAX 3 Global value for no of onbar workers Storage Manager ABEL BAR_SM 1 BAR_WORKER_MAX BAR_DBS_COSVR BAR_LOG_COSVR BAR_WORKER_COSVR only one onbar worker defined 1 1 1 1 END Storage Manager BAKER BAR_SM 2 BAR_DBS_COSVR 2 BAR_LOG_COSVR 2 BAR_WORKER_COSVR 7A END 2 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced
122. ror message and with the contents of your ONCONFIG file handy The ON Bar process failed to receive an XCC message error_number status_number_of_port If this error occurs once try to re start the cold restore If it occurs repeatedly contact Informix Technical Support with the status information in the error message and with the contents of your ONCONFIG file handy A 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43161 43162 43163 43164 43165 43166 ON Bar Messages An ON Bar process failed to acknowledge an XCC message Usually an ON Bar process exiting prematurely causes this error If this occurs once try to re start the cold restore If it occurs repeatedly contact Informix Technical Support with the contents of the activity log and your ONCONHIG file handy Session session_id complete The specified backup or restore session has completed Session session_id complete with error numeric_value The specified backup or restore session has completed WARNING Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options has failed or been shut down Exiting Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options has failed or been shut down while one or more onbar worker processes are still running The onbar workers will be automatically shut down ERROR Unable to determine mode of all coservers It was not possible to determine what mode on line quiescent off line
123. ry in the ON Bar activity log 1995 01 17 10 09 591217 1259 43046 Unable to open connection to server Attempt to get a trusted connection failed In the following list messages 43068 through 43098 are storage manager messages If you receive a storage manager error message consult the storage manager logs for more details A 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options 43002 43003 43004 43005 43006 43007 ON Bar Messages ON Bar Messages An unexpected error occurred text_string text_string An unexpected error occurred brief_description Possible causes for this error include operating system failures software errors and missing data If the versions are compatible try to stop the backup and restore processes and restart it If the error persists please note all circumstances save a copy of the ON Bar and Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options message logs and contact Informix Technical Support Out of memory ON Bar could not allocate more memory If possible reduce the number of processes that are running at the same time as ON Bar or ask your system administrator to either increase your swap space or to install more memory in your system ERROR Attempt to build an SQL WHERE clause for query failed No data was passed to the build where clause function so no SQL WHERE clause can be built Stop ON Bar and retry your command I
124. s ISM_LOG_POOL configuration parameter 2 12 4 14 ism_startup command 5 6 ism_watch command 3 20 ISO 8859 1 code set Intro 4 L Level 0 1 and 2 backups described 1 13 Locale Intro 4 B 1 Logical log completion messages 3 13 continuous backup example 3 13 setting 1 17 determining backed up status 1 16 manual backup example 1 17 3 13 setting 1 17 purpose of 1 15 restoring example of 3 18 salvaging defined 1 19 example 3 19 saving backups of 1 18 structure defined 1 15 when to back up 1 16 Logical restore See Restore Logical log backup examples 3 13 syntax 3 12 LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 13 4 9 LTAPEDEV 4 9 M Machine notes Intro 14 Major features Intro 5 Merge boot file 5 10 Message file error messages Intro 13 See Activity log ON Bar Microkernel mode how to set 1 24 Mixbar emergency boot file 5 10 O ON Bar activity log 1 10 A 1 backup sequence 1 26 cold restore sequence 1 31 components 1 4 configuration parameters 2 11 to 2 13 described 1 3 to 1 10 TECC 3 3 list of files not backed up by 1 11 message file 1 10 starting and stopping sessions 3 21 storage space backups 3 8 warm restore sequence 1 29 XBSA interface 1 8 See also Configuration parameters See also Emergency boot files See also ON Bar catalog tables See also Storage manager ON Bar catalog tables bar_action 5 3 bar_instance 5 4 bar_object 5 7 bar_server 5 8 bar_version 5 6 described 1 9 map 5 9
125. s Backing Up Logical Log Files Restoring Data When to Perform a Warm or r Cold Restore Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring Save Sets with ISM Restoring Data to ISM on a Different Node Starting and Stopping ON Bar Sessions Monitoring Backup Scheduler Status Using onstat g bus and onstat g bus_session n Options p Using the onstat g bus_sm Option Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Goa Example Print the Backup Boot Files Example Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape Configuring ON Bar Setting Global ON Bar Configuration Parameters BAR_ACT_LOG yt bs BAR_BSALIB_PATH BAR_IDLE_TIMEOUT BAR_RETRY BAR_WORKER_MAX BAR_XFER_BUFSIZE BAR_XPORT_COUNT LOG_BACKUP_MODE Setting Local ON Bar Configuration Parameters BAR_SM BAR_DBS_COSVR BAR_LOG_COSVR BAR_SM_NAME BAR_WORKER_COSVR 3 4 3 10 3 12 3 14 3 14 3 15 3 17 3 20 3 20 3 21 3 22 3 22 3 23 3 25 3 26 3 26 4 3 4 5 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 11 4 11 4 12 4 12 413 Table of Contents v vi Chapter 5 Appendix A Appendix B Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM Catalog Tables The bar_action Table The bar_instance Table The bar_version Table The bar_object Table The bar_server Table Ns ON Bar Catalog Map The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Bo
126. s pages io P 2 7 8 115 22 5 23 phybegin physize phypos phyused used 1 00000041 2000 108 7 0 35 Logical Logging Buffer bufused bufsize numrecs numpages numwrits recs pages pages io L 3 0 8 20276 994 827 20 4 12 address number flags uniqid begin size used used 3008faec 1 Users Le i 1 2065 750 750 100 00 3008fb18 2 U C 2 1 2815 750 244 32453 3008fb44 3 parren 0 1 3565 750 0 0 00 3008fb70 4 Peseces 0 1 4315 750 0 0 00 For information about how to use the xctl utility to monitor the status of logical log files on all coservers see your Administrator s Guide Tip Use Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC to monitor logical logs graphically on all coservers Using Manual or Continuous Logical Log Backups You can either back up the logical logs manually or start a continuous logical log backup As each logical log file fills it is added to a permanent logical log backup session on each coserver The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 17 What Is a Logical Log Backup To back up all the logical log files that are full start a logical log backup manually A logical log backup backs up all the full logical log files and then stops at the current logical log file If you turn on continuous logical log backup onbar worker processes back up the logical logs automatically If you turn off continuous logical log backup the logical log files accumulate in the log backup session waiting for a user request for a logical log back
127. s storage manager If you enter only one coserver number use the number of a coserver on a node with a physically attached storage device so that the storage manager does not have to transfer data across the network The list must not overlap with the list of any other storage manager The values are coserver numbers separated by commas Hyphens indicate ranges For example BAR_WORKER_COSVR 1 3 5 7 specifies a storage manager that can access onbar worker processes running on coservers 1 2 3 5 and 7 No default exists Configuring ON Bar 4 13 Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM The following parameters when listed in the ONCONFIG configuration file for the database server affect how the ISM server handles backup and restore requests Insert these parameters inside the BAR_SM paragraph in the storage manager section of the ONCONFIG file if you want them to apply to one storage manager instance Insert them in the global section of the ONCONFIG file if you want them to apply to all storage manager instances ONCONFIG Parameter Effect on ISM Server ISM_DATA_POOL If present in the ONCONFIG file this parameter specifies the volume pool that you use for backing up dbspaces and other storage spaces The value for this parameter can be any volume pool that ISM recognizes If this parameter is not present ISM uses the ISMData volume pool ISM_LOG_POOL If present in
128. server m One emergency boot file per coserver that supports an onbar worker process m The xcfg file for the database server m One ONCONFIG file per INFORMIXDIR 3 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Verifying That the Database Server Is On Line or Quiescent Tip The oncfg and xcfg files are in the INFORMIXDIR etc directory on UNIX and INFORMIXDIR etc directory on Windows NT Verifying Database Integrity Verify consistency before a level 0 backup To ensure the integrity of your backups periodically verify that all database server data is consistent before you create a level 0 backup You do not need to check for consistency before every level 0 backup Informix recommends however that you do not discard a backup that was verified for consistency until the next time that you verify the consistency of your database For infor mation on how to check for consistency see your Administrator s Guide Verifying That the Database Server Is On Line or Quiescent You cannot create a backup while Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options is off line For information on how to change modes see your Administrator s Guide Using ON Bar 3 7 Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs The onbar utility provides options that enable you to back up storage spaces and logical logs and to restore data from t
129. ses Manually To start onbar worker processes manually execute the onbar_w utility Use the shell script start_worker sh in INFORMIXDIR etc to start onbar workers manually or to perform additional setup and cleanup tasks when the database server starts the onbar worker processes The default start_worker sh file contains only one line which calls onbar_w to start an onbar worker process On Windows NT the batch file is called start_worker bat If the storage manager does not have special requirements for worker processes that pass data to it you do not have to change the start_worker script or batch file If the storage manager has special requirements edit start_worker to include operating system commands that set up the environment before starting the onbar worker process or perform other required actions after onbar worker processes start 2 18 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options UNIX Adding Storage Manager Specific Information The storage manager documentation should describe any special require ments If onbar worker processes are not working correctly with a storage manager check if the storage manager has any special requirements If they are not listed in the documentation or if they are not clearly stated so that you can add them to start_worker contact the storage manager manufac turer directly for more information Specify th
130. size or location of the physical log and reini tialize shared memory After you drop a chunk before you can reuse the dbspace that contains that chunk Using ON Bar 3 5 Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Before you create a backup perform the following tasks to help ensure successful completion of the backup Be sure that you have enough logical log space to create a backup Print or keep a copy of essential database server configuration information m Verify data consistency Ensuring That You Have Enough Logical Log Space Back up logical logs to free space m The database server does not permit new transactions if only one logical log file is available on the coserver m If only one backup device is available make sure that as many logical log files as possible are backed up before you start to back up storage spaces This precaution frees space in your logical log files Copying Database Server Configuration Information Copy your database server configuration information As explained in What Is Not Backed Up by ON Bar on page 1 11 ON Bar does not back up important database configuration files Before you back up dbspaces make sure that you have a current backup copy of the following database configuration files These files are stored in INFORMIXDIR etc on UNIX and in INFORMIXDIR etc on Windows NT m The sqlhosts file a The oncfg file for each co
131. son Wesley Publishing 1995 Transaction Processing Concepts and Techniques by Jim Gray and Andreas Reuter Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc 1993 Informix manuals assume that you are familiar with your computer operating system If you have limited experience with your operating system consult your operating system manual or a good introductory text before you read this manual The following texts provide a good introduction to UNIX systems Introducing the UNIX System by H McGilton and R Morgan McGraw Hill Book Company 1983 Learning the UNIX Operating System by G Todino J Strang and J Peek O Reilly amp Associates 1993 A Practical Guide to the UNIX System by M Sobell Benjamin Cummings Publishing 1989 UNIX System V A Practical Guide by M Sobell Benjamin Cummings Publishing 1995 The following texts provide a good introduction to Windows NT Using Windows NT Workstation 3 51 by Paul Sanna Que 1996 Microsoft Windows NT Resource Kit by Russ Blake Microsoft Press 1995 NT Server Management and Control by Kenneth L Spencer Prentice Hall 1995 Windows NT Administration by Marshall Brain and Shay Woodard Prentice Hall 1994 Windows NT Network Programming by Ralph Davis Addison Wesley 1994 Introduction 15 Compliance with Industry Standards Compliance with Industry Standards The American National Standards Institute ANSI has established a set of industry standards for SQL
132. srv_name bar_action act_aid bar_instance ins_aid bar_version bar_sm act_end act_oid act_start ins_copyid_hi ins_copyid_lo ins_level bar_version bsa_version sm_version act_type act_status rsam_time ins_version ins_first_log ins_sm_name ins_time ins_logstream ins_chpt_log ins_last_log Catalog Tables 5 9 The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot Files The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot Files The emergency boot files reside in the INFORMIXDIR etc directory on UNIX and INFORMIXDIR etc on Windows NT They contain information similar to that in the ON Bar catalogs The emergency boot files consist of a backup boot file a restore boot file and a merge boot file Each node with a storage manager contains one backup boot file and one restore boot file If multiple coservers are on a node they share a backup boot file and a restore boot file Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options has one merge boot file The backup boot files contain backup information and are updated after every backup The onbar merger re creates the restore boot files which the onbar worker processes use during a cold restore ON Bar re creates the merge boot file during a cold restore Figure 5 2 lists the types of emergency boot files that Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options uses Figure 5 2 Emergency Boot Files Boot File Type Boot File Name Backup Bixbar_hostname servernum
133. storage device The backup or restore will pause until you mount the requested tape or optical disk For information about configuring ISM see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide For information about configuring third party storage managers see your storage manager manuals 3 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups The following administrative changes require a level 0 backup as part of the procedure Consider waiting to make these changes until your next regularly scheduled level 0 backup To ensure that you can restore data you need to make a level 0 backup of the root dbspace when you add mirroring add a logical log file change the size or location of the physical log drop a chunk To reclaim space or create new dbspaces or logical log files make a level 0 backup of all affected dbspaces when you make the following changes After you change your storage manager configuration After you add a dbspace and before you restore After you start mirroring for a dbspace that contains logical log files After you add a logical log file to make the log file available After you drop a logical log file After you move one or more logical log files drop the old logical log file and add the new logical log file After you change the
134. structions carefully If you have difficulty with the storage manager installation and configuration please contact the manufacturer directly worker processes must have a local copy of the storage manager version of the XBSA shared library The default location of the XBSA shared library is usr liblibsad001 platform_extension on UNIX The default location is ISMDIR bin libbsa dll on Windows NT For more information see Specify the Location of the XBSA Library on page 2 19 Important Each hardware MPP node that contains a coserver that runs onbar 2 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Configuring ON Bar To configure your storage devices follow the instructions in your storage manager documentation The storage manager must know the node and device names of the storage devices that it should use Some storage managers let you specify the kind of data to back up to specific storage devices For example you might be able to configure the storage manager to back up logical logs to one device and storage spaces to a different device for more efficient backups and restores Configuring ON Bar ON Bar is installed with your Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options software To use ON Bar with installed storage managers set specific param eters in the ONCONFIG file Use the onconfig std file as a template for single coservers Use the onconfi
135. successful backup attempt m The bar_version table lists compatible versions of ON Bar and storage managers For a description of the content of these tables see Chapter 5 Catalog Tables The Emergency Boot Files The ON Bar emergency boot files contain the information needed to perform a cold restore The emergency boot file replaces the sysutils tables during a cold restore so that ON Bar can request the correct backup object from the storage manager ON Bar must be able to restore objects from a storage manager even when the tables in the sysutils database are not available During a cold restore Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options is not available to access sysutils so ON Bar obtains the information it needs for the cold restore from the emergency boot files The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 9 The ON Bar Activity Log For information about the location of the emergency boot files see The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot Files on page 5 10 The ON Bar Activity Log As ON Bar backs up and restores data it periodically writes to the ON Bar activity log When ON Bar encounters an error or a warning condition it writes a message to the activity log The activity log also documents which storage spaces and logical logs were included in a backup or restore operation and approximately how long the operation took Use information in the activity log to determine whether a backup or restore operation succee
136. t detects whether the currently installed storage manager is ISM and backs up the ISM catalog When you issue ON Bar commands from the command line the arguments are passed to the onbar script and then to onbar_d The default onbar script contains the following sections m Add startup processing here Use this section to initialize a third party storage manager if necessary and set environment variables m End startup processing here This section starts the onbar_d driver and checks the return code Use this section for onbar_d and storage manager commands m Add cleanup processing here The code in this section backs up the ISM catalogs to the ISMData volume pool after the backup or restore operation completes If you are using a third party storage manager you can use this section to clean it up m End cleanup processing here Use this section to return onbar_d error codes Using ON Bar 3 25 Example Print the Backup Boot Files Example Print the Backup Boot Files command the backup boot files are printed onbar_d return_code check return code if return_code eq 0 a 1 b then servernum awk DBSERVERNUM print 2 xctl lpr INFORMIXDIR etc Bixbar_ hostname servernum Use the following onbar script example to print the backup boot files from all coservers if the backup is successful Each time that you issue the onbar b if receives onbar arguments from command line if
137. t have an entry in the bar_version S table of the sysutils database For example if you are using ISM and a third party storage manager bar_version would need two rows one for ISM and one for the other storage manager For information about how to create this entry see The bar_version Table on page 5 6 The following list describes local parameters that you set in the storage manager section Parameter Purpose BAR_SM Specifies the unique integer identifier for the storage manager Required BAR_DBS_COSVR Specifies a list of coservers from which the storage manager can accept dbspace backup and restore data BAR_LOG_COSVR Specifies coservers from which the storage manager that BAR_SM specifies accepts log backup and restore data BAR_SM_NAME Specifies the storage manager name BAR_WORKER_COSVR Specifies a list of coservers that can directly access the storage manager 4 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options BAR_SM BAR_SM default value Null string range of values Positive integer greater than or equal to one takes effect When Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options starts The BAR_SM ID configuration parameter is the unique positive integer that identifies a specific storage manager instance The storage manager does not use this value ON Bar and the Backup Scheduler use this value The number is used internally to track the location
138. t one of its chunks is off line recov ering or inconsistent To determine the state of each storage space and its chunks examine the output of the xctl onstat d utility 3 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore m A table is fragmented across two dbspaces and one of them is down To recover the fragmented table restore the down dbspace m The target storage space is on line Use the O option to restore an on line storage space You can perform a cold restore of dbspaces no matter what state they were in when the database server went down Also restore recopy the adminis trative files whenever necessary If your database server has failed you must rebuild your database from a cold restore The database server must be in microkernel mode For infor mation on how to put the database server in microkernel mode and how to perform a cold restore see The Server Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 23 An example of a cold restore appears on page 3 19 Important If you reinitialize the database server after a failure you must perform a cold point in time restore to a time before the database server was reinitialized When you complete the cold restore verify that you restored the correct instance of the critical dbspaces and storage spaces Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore You restore data
139. the documentation you will find text that is identified by several different types of icons This section describes these icons Comment Icons Comment icons identify warnings important notes or tips This information is always displayed in italics Icon Description The warning icon identifies vital instructions cautions or critical information The important icon identifies significant information about the feature or operation that is being described 1 of 2 Introduction 7 Icon Conventions Icon Description The tip icon identifies additional details or shortcuts for the QO functionality that is being described 2 of 2 Feature and Platform Icons Feature and platform icons identify paragraphs that contain feature specific or platform specific information Icon Description Identifies information that relates to the Informix Global Language Support GLS feature UNIX Identifies information that is specific to UNIX platforms Identifies information that is specific to the Windows NT WIN NT environment i d n These icons can apply to a row ina table one or more paragraphs or an entire section If an icon appears next to a section heading the information that applies to the indicated feature or platform ends at the next heading at the same or higher level A symbol indicates the end of the feature or platform specific information that appears within a table or a set of paragraphs
140. trol data ON Bar exchanges control data with a storage manager to verify that ON Bar and XBSA are compatible to ensure that objects are restored to the proper instance of the database server and in the proper order and to track the history of backup objects m Backup or restore data During backups and restores ON Bar and the storage manager use XBSA to exchange data from specified storage spaces or logical log files 1 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options The ON Bar Tables ON Bar uses XBSA transactions to ensure data consistency All operations included in a transaction are treated as a unit All operations within a trans action must succeed for objects transferred to the storage manager to be restorable The ON Bar Tables ON Bar uses the following tables in the sysutils database to check the compatibility of component versions as well as to keep track of backup and restore operations A list of ON Bar tables in the sysutils database follows m The bar_server table tracks instances of Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options m The bar_object table tracks backup objects A backup object can be a dbspace blobspace or logical log file m The bar_action table tracks all backup and restore attempts against each backup object except some log salvage and cold restore events m The bar_instance table describes each object that is backed up during a
141. ules of character data you need to specify the appropriate nondefault locale For instructions on how to specify a nondefault locale additional syntax and other considerations related to GLS locales see the Informix Guide to GLS Functionality Demonstration Databases The DB Access utility which is provided with your Informix database server products includes a demonstration database called stores7 that contains information about a fictitious wholesale sporting goods distributor A second database called sales_demo illustrates a dimensional schema for data warehousing applications Sample command files are also included for creating and populating these databases Many examples in Informix manuals are based on the stores7 demonstration database The stores7 database is described in detail and its contents are listed in the Informix Guide to SQL Reference 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server with Advanced Decision Support and Extended Parallel Options New Features The scripts that you use to install the demonstration databases reside in the INFORMIXDIR bin directory on UNIX platforms and the INFORMIXDIR bin directory on Windows NT platforms For a complete explanation of how to create and populate the stores7 demonstration database refer to the DB Access User Manual For an explanation of how to create and populate the sales_demo database refer to the Informix Guide to Database Design and Implementati
142. up Reserve a dedicated storage device for the continuous logical log backups You can use onstat g bus or onstat g bus_sm to monitor logical logs in the current backup session Warning If you do not turn on continuous logical log backup you must monitor i your logical logs carefully and start logical log backups as needed If the individual logical log files are not backed up as they fill the logical log runs out of space to add transactions and your database server locks up If the logical log files run out of space back them up The database server will then resume processing transactions For information on how to configure ON Bar for continuous or manual backups see LOG_BACKUP_MODE on page 4 9 Why You Need to Save Logical Log Backups You must save logical log backups so that you can use them to restore a database whether or not the most recent storage space backups are available If a storage space backup is inaccessible or unusable you can restore data from an older backup if you have one If any of the logical log backups are also inaccessible or unusable however you cannot roll forward the transac tions from those logical log files or any from any subsequent logical log files Keep logical log file backups until you are sure that you do not need them to complete a restore from a storage space backup At a minimum keep all logical log backups from just before the most recent level 0 physical backup to the present
143. up and Restore System 1 7 Third Party Storage Managers Third Party Storage Managers Some third party storage managers can manage stackers robots and jukeboxes as well as simple tape and disk devices These storage managers might perform these additional functions m Schedule backups m Support networked and distributed backups and restores Important For information on the third party storage managers that ON Bar supports consult your Informix Sales Representative or the Informix web site at http www informix com Make sure that the storage manager has passed the Informix validation process The validation process is specific to the backup and restore product version the operating system version and the Informix database server version X O The XBSA Interface ON Bar and the storage manager communicate through the X Open Backup Services Application Programmer s Interface XBSA which enables the storage manager to manage media for the database server By using an open system interface to the storage manager ON Bar can work with a variety of storage managers that also use XBSA Each storage manager develops and distributes a unique version of the XBSA shared library You must use the version of the XBSA shared library provided with the storage manager For example if you use ISM use the XBSA shared library provided with ISM ON Bar uses XBSA to exchange the following types of information with a storage manager m Con
144. up manually To back up filled logical log files manually use the onbar 1 command as the following example shows onbar 1 Performing a Continuous Logical Log Backup To perform continuous logical log backups set the LOG_BACKUP_MODE configuration parameter to CONT in the ONCONFIG file Whenever a logical log file fills Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options adds it to the system log backup session that the Backup Scheduler maintains If LOG_BACKUP_MODE is set to CONT the Backup Scheduler automatically starts an onbar worker process if one is not already active and assigns the log backup to it Using Logical Log Backup Completion Messages Each time that the database server backs up a logical log file it sends the following message to the database server message log 14 13 05 Logical Log 12 Backup Started When the database server completes the backup it sends the following message to the message log 14 13 21 Logical Log 12 Backup Completed The onbar worker process also records the logical log backup in the ON Bar activity log in the format lt date gt lt time gt lt process_id gt lt parent_pid gt lt message gt 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Begin backup logical log 12 2 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Successfully connected to storage manager 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Completed backup logical log 12 2 Using ON Bar 3 13 Restoring Data You can use the onstat 1 command to verify that the database server
145. use Also determine the number of storage manager instances that you should configure and the number of storage devices that you need The number of hardware nodes the number of coservers on those nodes and how the coservers are distributed across the nodes Balance these factors against the number of storage devices and storage manager instances The architecture of some platforms limits where you can attach devices but the number of coservers in your Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options increases processing requirements The storage manager sections of the ONCONFIG file should reflect these considerations Although some nodes in a Massively Parallel Processing MPP system might not be running coservers they might be able to run part of the storage manager The number of I O virtual processors on each coserver the kind of high speed interconnect on the MPP system and the speed of the disks where storage spaces and logical logs are stored The Dynamic Server with AD and XP Options subsystem that passes data to ON Bar uses I O virtual processors so ON Bar throughput depends in part on whether I O virtual processors are available for it The speed of disks Because disks are slower than the high speed interconnect it could create a bottleneck in the interconnect Distributing devices across multiple nodes might reduce the amount of traffic across the inter connect and allow more parallelism 2 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Inf
146. vel 1 or level 0 backup of the specified storage spaces The following sections explain these three backup levels Level 0 Backups A level 0 backup is a baseline backup It contains a copy of all pages that contain data for the specified storage spaces You need all these pages to restore the database to the state that it was in at the time that you made the backup Important If disks and other media are completely destroyed and need to be replaced you need a level 0 backup of all storage spaces and relevant logical logs to restore data completely on the replacement computer The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 13 What Is a Storage Space Backup Level 1 Backups A level 1 backup contains a copy of every table page that has changed since the last level O backup The data that is copied to the backup reflects the state of the data at the time that the level 1 backup began A level 1 backup takes less space and might takes less time than a level 0 backup because only data that changed is copied to the storage manager Level 0 backups can be time consuming because ON Bar writes all the disk pages to backup media Level 1 and level 2 backups might take almost as much time as a level 0 backup because ON Bar must scan all the data to determine what has changed since the last backup Performance varies depending on the relative speed of the disk drives used for the database server data and backup media The major advantage is restore tim
147. when the action began YEAR TO SECONDS act_type SMALLINT Identifies the action that is attempted 1 for backup 2 for restore 3 for a foreign or imported restore act_status INTEGER Identifies the result of the action 0 if successful otherwise an error code Catalog Tables 5 3 The bar_instance Table objects Column Name Type The bar_instance Table ON Bar writes a record to the bar_instance catalog table for each successful backup The table describes each object that is backed up ON Bar might later use the information for a restore operation This table tracks backed up Explanation ins_aid ins_copyid_hi ins_copyid_lo ins_level rsam_time ins_version INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER SMALLINT INTEGER CHAR 18 Action identifier Identifies the successful action that created this instance of the backup object Combined with ins_oid can be used to join with the bar_action table The high bits of the instance copy identifier Combined with ins_copyid_lo it is a unique value that the storage manager assigns to link the ON Bar object identifier with the storage manager object identifier The low bits of the instance copy identifier Combined with ins_copyid_hi it is a unique value that the storage manager assigns to link the ON Bar object identifier with the storage manager object identifier Level of the backup action 0 for a complete storage space or logical log backup 1 for a ba

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