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PEEK 65 - Dave`s OSI repository

1. KKK x x AG x x X T 130 PRINT SOLVE THE ANNUITY EQUATION 140 PRINT 150 PRINT 1 FOR PV GIVEN N R AND i 160 PRINT 2 FOR N GIVEN PV R AND i 170 PRINT 3 FOR GIVEN AND i 180 PRINT 4 FOR i GIVEN N PV R 190 PRINT 200 INPUT YOUR SELECTION Q Q VAL QS 205 IF QS X THEN STOP 210 IF Q 1 OR Q 4 OR Q lt gt INT Q THEN 200 215 INPUT ENTER CR FOR MONTHLY CONVERSION AN ANNUAL i DES 216 DE LEN DES 220 0 GOTO 300 400 500 600 297 REM 298 REM 299 REM xk KKK RK KEK KR RK KK KK KK RK KK KK 300 REM SOLVE FOR PV 301 REM 302 310 GOSUB 700 GOSUB 745 GOSUB 760 REM R i 320 R 1 1 1 N I 330 GOSUB 785 REM PRINT SOLUTION 350 GOTO 12 397 REM 398 REM 399 REM IOI Im 400 REM SOLVE FOR N 401 410 GOSUB 720 GOSUB 745 GOSUB 760 REM PV R i 420 LOG 1 I PV R LOG 1 I 430 GOSUB 785 450 GOTO 120 497 REM 498 REM 499 REM xo kk ko ke kx Jn 500 REM SOLVE FOR R 501 REM CAE 505 GOSUB 700 GOSUB 725 GOSUB 760 REM GET N PV i 510 R PV 1 1 1 gt N I 520 GOSUB 785 530 120 597 598 REM PEEK 65 December Page 10 LIS SL LN x yoy LL 599 600 601 605 610 620 625 630 650 697 698 699 700 701 705 710 720 725 730 740 745 750 760 76
2. Sam s Regular Price 7 95 Sale Price 4 00 Sam s Regular Price 15 95 Sale Price 10 00 C2 C3 Regular Price 39 95 Sale Price 25 00 65 Primer This is introductory guide to machine code that shows you how to program your video system u Monitor ROM An excellent tutorial on the fundamentals of machine code Regular Price 5 95 Sale Price 3 00 ler Editor Exten Monitor Manual Until recently OSI included the Assembler Editor and Extended Monitor software with all copies of However even when it was free there was little documentation accompanying the disks If you ve beer for instructions on these two programs this is the book for you Regular Price 6 95 Sale Price 4 00 How To Proar icr r By William Barden this book explains the instruction set of the 8000 6500 and 6800 s microprocessors While not OSl specific this book contains many valuable algorithms for solving prot machine code using the microprocessors available in OSI computers Regular Price 8 95 Sale Price 4 00 rofessional r ration nual A valuable guide for installing and using OSI serial systems Includes an overview of classic OSI soft these systems The book also provides information on how to program the C3 series using the Z 80 a microprocessors Regular Price 9 95 Sale Price 6 00 Intr rv M These books don t contain lot of information that isn t duplicated in many other places Still for the user they
3. 6000 LDA 4 6670 WILD2 JSR GETDSK 6010 BNE PNAME4 6680 LDA DIRBUF 6020 PNAME3 CLC 6690 STA POKER 6030 ADC 78 6700 LDA DIRBUF 256 6040 PNAME4 STA PW 1 X 6710 STA POKER 1 6050 PLA 6720 LDA 00 6060 LSR A 6730 STA EC 6070 LSR A 6740 WILD3 LDY 00 6080 LSR 6750 WILD4 LDA POKER Y 6090 LSR A 6760 BEQ WILDC END OF DIR gt 6100 CMP 4 0F 6770 CMP 501 6110 BNE 5 6780 BEQ WILD9 SKIP DELETED S 6120 LDA 4 6790 LDA BUF Y 6130 BNE PNAME6 6800 CMP 6140 5 CLC 6810 BEQ WILD8 6150 ADC 65 6820 CMP LOOK FOR 6160 PNAME6 STA PW X 6830 BNE WILD6 6170 CPX 02 6840 LDA POKER Y 6180 BEQ PNAME7 6850 CMP 0 6190 INY 6860 BCC WILD9 6200 LDX 02 6870 CMP 9 1 6210 BNE 2 6880 BCS WILD9 6220 7 LDY 4500 6890 BCC WILD8 6230 PNAME8 LDA PW Y 6900 WILD6 LDA BUF Y 6240 JSR OUTDO 6910 CMP POKER Y 6250 INY 6920 BNE WILD9 6260 CPY 04 6930 WILD8 INY 6270 BNE PNAME8 6940 CPY 506 6280 RTS 6950 BNE WILD4 6290 6960 JSR TYPCHK 6300 GTFNAM JSR CHKCOM FIND THE COMMA 6970 JSR PNAME 6310 JSR FRMEVL EVALUATE EXPRES 6980 JSR TYPER 6320 JSR FREFAC 3 CHKSTR amp FIND 6990 JSR FTYPE 6330 CMP 507 CHECK LENGTH 7000 WILD9 LDA POKER 6340 BCC GTFN1 O K gt CONT 7010 CLC 6350 JMP SNERR BAD ERROR 7020 ADC 510 6360 STA GTFN3 1 SAVE LENGTH 7030 STA POKER 6370 LDY 500 INIZ 7040 LDA POKER 1 6380 STY STRFLG CLEAR STRFLG EARLY 7050 ADC 00 6390 GTFN2
4. be a valuable reference to keep by your system while you re learning Specify C1P C1P cassette C4P MF or C8P DF Regular Price 6 95 Sale Price 2 00 User Guides These are excellent books They are complete tutorials on all of the standard hardware and software systems Covers many topics not documented anywhere else If you ve been struggling along with just blue notebooks don t wait Order today C1P MF Regular Price 8 95 Sale Price 4 00 C4P MF Regular Price 8 95 Sale Price 5 00 C8P DF Regular Price 8 95 Sale Price 5 00 PEEK 65 Page 25 1986 Index to PEEK 65 Title 16 Bits The New Horizon 540 Video Driver with Color Controls 8 More K for the 610 Board Adventures and the OSI Another Screen Dissolve BASIC DOS Interface Code for OS 65U Becterm Systems Beginner s Corner Draw A Graph Beginner s Corner Windows A Better Random Number Generator Challenger 4x4 Character Set Color Additions A Common 5 25 Interface Problem Cross Reference Utility REF _DB 65E Debugging and Testing Programs Direct Boot DMS 65D True Random Access for 65D EPROM Burner FDUMP How to Add 5 25 40 or 80 Track DS Drives Input Control amp the 6850 Insights to Programming Sorts for 65U Interfacing C1P to MPI 5 25 Drive pt 1 Interfacing C1P to MPI 5 25 Drive pt 2 Level 3 Semiphore Standard Mailing Label Utility for DMS 65D Math Trainer Mortgages and Annuities New OSI at Comdex Notes WP6
5. Gea o ON DIRECTION 250 a 2546 20 DU aicut we ewes WRITE DATA yd we uL ar Sete bie ds ce WRITE use TRACK U 529 4 x Qu 52 eee a eee cus WRITE PROTECT caesi 28 16 233 were She ears READ DATA iua 120 Optional on some 5 25 drives COLOR Additions by John Horemans TOSIE Box 29 Streetsville Ontario Canada Finally have played with the Color board long enough that feel confident enough to write a few words Changes to the keywords new words and relocating the Color above BASIC are my main achievements This has been aided greatly by Bob Ankeney of Generic Computer Products passing on to TOSIE the source code and allowing distribution as long as we retained the header Not to be used for profit My first efforts were to install words to operate the Commodore SID chip This as most will recognize is the sound chip installed in the Commodore 64 Data is easy to get For the circuit diagram borrow copy of the 64 programmer s guide The circuit is at the back of the book My 6581 SID is connected as shown in that diagram added a decoder for C4xx and a DD line Note that the original Commodore 64 location was D400 This is possibility for PEEK 65 December Page 14 Supoerboard owners chose C4xx as this area was free When started and was programming it with code copied from magazines all had to do
6. PEEK 65 Page 22 4660 4670 4680 4690 4700 4710 4720 4130 4740 4150 4760 4770 4780 4790 4800 4810 4820 4830 4840 4850 4860 4870 4880 4890 4900 4910 4920 4930 4940 4950 4960 4970 4980 4990 5000 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050 5060 5070 5080 5090 5100 5110 5120 5130 5140 5150 5160 5170 5180 5190 5200 5210 5220 5230 5240 2290 5260 5270 5280 5290 5300 5310 5320 FTYPE 1 2 FTYPE3 FTYPEA FTYPES 6 FTYPE7 USRFIL STA INY LDA STA ADC STA INY LDA STA ADC STA JSR JSR LDA LDY JSR RTS LDY LDA AND BNE LDA STA JSR LDY LDA CMP BEQ CMP BCC CMP BCS LDA LDY JSR INC BNE INC JMP LDA LDY JSR INC BNE INC JMP LDA LDY JSR INC BNE INC JMP CMP BNE INC BNE INC JMP JSR JSR BCC LDA TAY LDX INUSE 1 POKER Y FACMHI INUSE 2 INUSE 2 POKER Y INUSE 3 INUSE 3 NORMAL ASCII STACK STACK 256 OUTSTR 508 POKER Y 11100 6 55 TABTO TABER 05 POKER Y 0 4 1 FTYPE2 8 FTYPE2 256 OUTSTR NUMKF 1 1 CRDO SCRTYP SCRTYP 256 OUTSTR NUMSCR FTYPE3 NUMSCR 1 CRDO ME TYP 256 OUTSTR NUMMF 5 NUMMF 1 CRDO 100 FTYPE 7 NUMPRG NUMPRG 1 CRDO NOT DATA PRG MASTER SCRATCH SCRATCH GTFNAM FNDREM USRF1 SEF GET FILE NAME REMOTE FI
7. LSB Two other commands are available at this top 230 FACSGN 500 3 F P ACC SIGN level These commands send you to the next 240 FACGRD 00BD ACC EXPONENT GUARD BYTE level of the program and determine the 250 CHRGET 00CO FETCH NEXT CHARACTER editing mode Entering N selects numeric 260 CHRGOT 00C6 RETRIEVE LAST CHAR SEEN editing in which you enter hexadecimal 270 TXTPTR 00C7 PTR TO PROGRAM FOR CHRGET GOT values to insert in the file A selects ASCII 280 CRDO 2 0A73 OUTPUT CR LF PAIR editing in which your keystrokes are directly 290 OUTSTR 0ACC OUTPUT STRING POINTED TO BY A Y entered in the file 300 OUTDO OAEE OUTPUT CHARACTER IN ACC 310 SOCBC SURE NUMERIC TYPE EXPRESSION Once you have selected the editing mode 320 CHKSTR SOCBE MAKE SURE STRING EXPRESSION the prompt line changes Entering M sends 330 FRMEVL SOCCD FORMULA EVALUATOR you to a level where you can move the cursor 340 CHKCLS SOEOD INSURE EXIT THROUGH CHRGET with the U D L and R keys for Up 350 CHKOPN 50 10 INSURE EXIT THROUGH CHRGET Down Left and Right respectively 360 CHKCOM 0E13 INSURE EXIT THROUGH CHRGET 370 SNERR SOE1E SYNTAX ERROR Entering enables editing and your 380 PTRGET SOF2E FIND VARIABLE IN STORAGE TABLE changes are made effective at the current 390 FCERR 10D0 FUNCTION CALL ERROR cursor position After each byte is changed 400 GIVAYF 1218 GIVE A Y PAIR TO F P ACC the cu
8. OEM C2 D C3 OEM C3 D C3 A C3 B 8 95 C3 C C3 C TOTAL CA Residents add 6 Sales Tax 5 C O D orders add 1 90 5 Postage amp Handling s 970 2 nuc eu 2222 ae TOTAL DUE City State POSTAGE MAY VARY FOR OVERSEAS
9. clears all the registers to zero VOLnn Volume set all 3 voices with nn 0 to 15 WAVE r n Waveform where r is the register number with r 1 3 and n is the type of wave 1 gives sine Waves Waves PLAY r nnnn n 2 gives triangle waves and n 4 gives the noise Play the sound where r is the register r 1 to n 3 gives pulsed 3 and nnnn is the frequency value POKEd to the Chip HI LO values as needed OFFn OPEL OFF2 that voice ATK r n Sets the attack duration register and n 0 to 15 This will integerized and split into OFFO starts the release cycle for all 3 voices or OFF3 starts the release cycle for where r is the R ER Letters to the Editor Dear Sir have an offer which believe would be of interest to your readers and expand the use of the OSI computers As wrote you previously have been working at converting BASIC program to OSI BASIC am pleased to report that the conversion is complete and the program runs on my exactly like it runs onthe IBM would like to share what have learned with any other PEEKers who are interested in conversions have access to an IBM PC AT at work where make my own hard copies and run the programs and would be happy to make copies for anyone who doesn t have access to an also have access to an expert IBM programmer and we have succe
10. drives The only differences are that all of these drives are double sided have 80 tracks per side and don t have built in data separators If you make an adaptor to connect these to your computer and provide a data separator the computer won t know the difference between these drives and the 8 units You will need to either build buy the data separator motor control circuit described in the September issue of PEEK 65 There are a couple of changes that you will need to make to the data separator described in that article In place of the 470pf capacitor connected to U2 you should connect a 220pf capacitor The 10K trim pot should be adjusted for a 275 to 30 microsecond positive pulse at pin 6 of PEEK 65 December Page 12 AS 2 2 U2 Most of the high density drives also have a ready signal at pin 34 so this line can be connected to the OSI controller pins 20 and 24 The high density drives usually have provision for speed select This allows you to use the high density drive to read and write normal 80 track 5 25 formats For high density mode the drive turns at 360 RPM just like the 8 drives and to read and write normal 5 25 disks the drive turns at 300 RPM If you have more than one OSI system and one is a mini floopy you could build two data separators install a connector on the back of each computer for the disk drives and then install a switch on the disk drive for selecting t
11. get a clien S system to reboot via modem Hardware fanatics will enjoy Dave Livesay s article on adding high density drives to your OSI system Dale King discusses the nuts and bolts of mortgages and annuities providing some very helpful software along the way John Horemans of TOSIE demonstrates how he improved the BASIC additions that come with Generic Computer Products Color board Finally begin a two part article on a full screen disk file editor for OS 65U Finally don t forget that we are still alive and well on CompuServe CompuServe gives you instant access to the OSI community around the world If you got lost in the shuffle you ll find us by entering GO CLUB at any prompt We populate section 8 of the Computer Club Forum PEEK 65 December Page 1 tee oT Input Control the 6850 by Eddie Gieske One upon a time need became the mother of well maybe not invention but some thinking and help along the way made the darned thing work Not too long ago an outfit called simply MSI from somewhere in Georgia came up with this neat little hand held computer that looks more like a walkie talkie You may have seen one in the store in the hands of the clerk taking inventory He takes the wand and rubs it over the bar code on the shelf label to pick up the item number and then keys in the number of items on the shelf of that type If programmed well as he wanders the aisles he can punc
12. modem sits normally at somewhere between minus 3 and minus 12 volts When a character is received the voltage momentarily switches to plus 3 to plus 12 volts at the baud rate employed The comparator looks for a plus voltage excursion lasting more than a few seconds and when it detects one it pulls pin 7 on the NE 555 low This pulls the main reset line on the processor low and provides the familiar H D M boot message OK how do we put a plus voltage on that input pin Many CRT terminals have BREAK key which does just this The problem is that a lot of them only produce a short positive break pulse which isn t long enough to activate the timer The timer has to have a fairly long time constant so as not to respond to the baud rate pulses normally used for modem work 300 to 1200 baud or so Figure 2 is a simple button and battery circuit which can be built into a little box at the dealer end to provide a BREAK signal for those terminals that don t provide a sustained BREAK signal The programmer pushes the little button counts slowly to 10 and lets go The terminal responds with from the remote computer and he proceeds from there if only an occasional on line session is needed it s more convenient to plug and unplug modems etc at each end and get the operators to switch baud rates each time If frequent on line sessions are required it s worth the trouble to gear up alittle more conve
13. the disk to make sure that everything is working properly Don t forget that for the second drive side one is device B and side two is device D You should now copy all of your 8 disks to the 5 25 disks You can then disconnect the 8 drive and set up your 5 25 drive as drive number one You should now be able to boot from the 5 25 dtive Changing OS 65D for 80 Track Drives In order to use 80 track drives in place of the 77 track 8 drives you will need to make some changes to OS 65D and some of the utility programs There are three memory locations in OS 65D which need to be changed There are two ways that we can do this The first one is to POKE the correct values into memory by adding appropriate commands to your programs on all of your disks The second way is to make permanent changes to the operating system on your disks The following memory locations are the ones to change Values within parenthesis are the decimal equivilents of the hexadecimal values preceding them D Q 26CA 77 119 lt 580 128 2769 76 118 79 121 2779 76 118 79 121 make the changes to OS 65D enter EXIT at the OK prompt in BASIC and load the Track Zero Read Write Ultility from track one sector 2 into memory at 0200 You execute this program by entering GO 0200 Follow the instructions to read track zero into memory at 6200 Load the Exterided Monitor and change the three memory locations shown a
14. the required hardware install the data separator connect the 5 25 disk drive cable to the disk drive set up as drive number two connect your adaptor board to the 5 25 drive cable and connect your new 50 conductor cable to the 8 drive set up as drive number one Remember that some manufacturers of 5 25 drives number their drive select lines as 0 3 and others as 1 4 In either case when refer to drive number one mean set the drive so that it is selected by pin 10 and so that drive two is selected by pin 12 Now with all of the connections made you can boot your system with the 8 drive Note that you are now using the data separator connected to the OSI controller and not the data separator built into your 8 drive At this point it should be mentioned that the disks that you use for the high density 5 25 disk drives should be identified as being suitable for use with the PC AT Don t try to use normal double density disks If you also use these drives as normal 80 track drives in low speed mode for a mini floppy system you should use normal double density disks when using the drive with the mini floppy system You should now POKE in the changes required for OS 65D to use 80 track drives see section below select drive B and try to initialize the disk by entering DISK INIT If all went well the disk drive will initialize side one of the disk You can now try reading and writing to
15. was subtract 4096 the decimal addresses Now with the new code don t even need to remember where the chip is in memory The commands added to the Color are as shown in Table 1 PS you could add them to BASIC So far that s it for new commands but the syntax of several others was changed did not enjoy typing SPRITEPATTERN and other 12 character keywords They were shortened to save typing and space The parameters have not changed use them as before OLD_ SPRITEMOVE SMOV HCOL HCOL COLOR COL SPRITESELECT SSEL SPRITECOLOR SCOL SPRITEPATTERN SPAT SPRITEINIT SPINIT SPRITESIZE 5512 TCOLOR TCOL SCREEN SCR All this saves typing decoding at run time memory space space in the table and has been easier to remember Note for example that now none of the COLOR commands need an could never remember which ones needed it Of course all this took space The code has been expanded to just over 2 tracks on my 5 1 4 system To leave room for more went to three tracks The standard Color method of storing itself along with the program was never really satisfactory It filled a disk with just 3 or 4 programs My additions would only have made things worse The method used by BASIC was easy to impliment Just search the directory for a file called BASIC and load the tracks into the top of memory Once again the source code was needed It was reassembled to A800 and t
16. with input PEEK 65 to the rescue Back to Roger Clegg s OS U PEEK and POKE list Yup There is a location 11668 that handles input much like 11686 does for output So after the 19798 port selection POKEd 11668 with 128 Editor s Note the INFLAG at 11668 is checked by the operating system for the lowest bit number set Once a bit has been found for this function higher bit numbers that may also be set are ignored The upshot of this is that you can only choose one port for input at a time Tickle the input leads and nothing What on earth could be wrong t 5 just like the book said A quick call to Mike Sokol No wonder You have to initialize the ACIA and establish the protocol One of these days someone will hopefully do the 6850 ACIA a good turn and let us all in on its bag of tricks but for the moment let s approach this the lay hardwareman s point of view If you don t have the data sheet on the 6850 you had better get a copy from Motorola A documentation sheet came with every CA 10 X board ever saw After wading through all the technicalities one comes to the last two pages that tells you how to set it up Before trying to tell it what you want it to do you must first initialize the 6850 It talks binary and has an eight bit word so get out your calculator and be prepared to convert base 2 into base 10 or 16 and back again or dig back in PEEK 65 to find the program that will do it fo
17. 0 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 D6 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 LDY LDA STA INY CPY BNE LDY TYA STA INY CPY BNE LDA STA RTS 1510 MAIN LOOP 1520 1530 D2 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 D3 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 D4 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 D5 1890 1900 DIRQT 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 JSR LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA BNE LDA BNE LDA BNE INC LDA CLC ADC STA BCC INC JSR INC BNE INC BNE INC LDA CMP BNE LDA CMP BNE LDA CMP BEQ JSR JMP JSR LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA 500 DIRBUF SC Y 5 2 503 D1 500 INUSE Y TABTO INUSE D6 98 INUSE 1 GETDSK DIRBUF POKER DIRBUF 256 POKER 1 500 COUNT D3 COUNT 1 D3 COUNT 2 D3 EC 910 POKER POKER D3 POKER 1 DIROUT COUNT D4 COUNT 1 D4 COUNT 2 COUNT SIZE DS COUNT 1 SIZE 1 D5 COUNT 2 SIZE 2 DIRQT DBUMP D2 SAVVAL INUSE FACLO INUSE 1 FACMLO INUSE 2 FACMHI INUSE 3_ FACHI OLDFOR FORPNT OLDFOR 1 INIZ READ DIREC SIZE SAVE IT LOCALLY LOOP TIL DONE SHOW DIR OFFSET READ IN DIR PAGE LOAD DIRBUF LSB GIVE TO POKER LOAD MSB SET IT UP TOO BUMP COUNTER LSB WATCH FOR PAGING BUMP NMSB ON PAGING AND WATCH AGAIN BUMP MSB ON PAGING DISPLAY CONTENTS BUM
18. 0 AND 03 3570 JMP DIRNXT NOT WANTED 4230 STA TYPE2 1 SKIP 4240 ASL A 3580 DIRO1 4500 INIZ 4250 ASL A 3590 LDA POKER Y FETCH CHAR 4260 TYPE2 ADC SFF 3600 BEQ DIRDUN 02 YES END DIR 4270 TAY 3610 CMP 501 DELETED ENTRY 4280 LDX 00 3620 BEQ DIRNXO YES SKIP TO NEXT 4290 STX TEMP 3630 JSR PNAME PRINT NAME PW 4300 LDA AR Y 3640 JSR TYPER PRINT TYPE amp RIGHTS 4310 JSR OUTDO 3650 JSR FTYPE 4320 LDX TEMP 3660 DIRNXT LDA POKER 4330 INY 3670 CLC 4340 3680 ADC 510 4350 CPX 505 3690 STA POKER 4360 BNE TYPE3 3700 DIRNXI 4370 TYPE4 LDA 32 3710 INC POKER 1 4380 STA TABTO 3720 DIRNX1 INC EC 4390 JSR TABER 3730 LDA EC 4400 LDA 00 3740 CMP 256 16 i 4410 STA 3750 BNE DIROUT 4420 509 3760 RTS 4430 LDA POKER Y 3770 4440 STA FACMLO 3780 GETDSK JSR SWAP 4450 INY 3790 LDA GETD1 1 256 4460 LDA POKER Y 3800 PHA 4470 STA FACMHI 3810 LDA GETD1 1 4480 INY 3820 PHA 4490 LDA POKER Y 3830 JMP GET 4500 STA FACHI 3840 GETD1 WORD DUN 4510 JSR NORMAL 3850 JSR SWAP 4520 JSR ASCII 3860 TAY 4530 LDA STACK 3870 BNE GETD2 4540 LDY STACK 256 3880 RTS 4550 JSR OUTSTR 3890 4560 LDA 43 3900 GETD2 JMP FCERR ABORT ON DISK ERR 4570 STA TABTO 3910 4580 JSR TABER 3920 PUTDSK JSR SWAP 4590 LDA 500 3930 LDA PUTD1 1 256 4600 STA FACLO 3940 PHA 4610 LDY 0C 3950 LDA PUTD1 1 4620 LDA POKER Y 3960 PHA 4630 STA FACMLO 3970 JMP PUT 4640 CLC 3980 PUTD1 WORD DUN 4650 ADC INUSE 1 3990 JSR SWAP
19. 5 7109 775 785 786 790 792 795 997 998 999 1000 1005 1006 1007 1010 1020 1022 1023 1025 1030 1040 1050 REM KKK KK aK e ke e ke KKK IKK RAK KR KK REM SOLVE FOR i note we must use a numerical method here REM GOSUB 700 GOSUB 725 GOSUB 745 REM GET N PV R DEF FNA X PV R 1 14X N X GOSUB 1000 REM FIND THE ZERO OF THE FUNCTION A X PRINT GOSUB 785 GOTO 120 REM REM REM x x x x x SUBROUTINES KKK KKEKKKEKKK REM N REM INPUT the number of periods RETURN REM PV INPUT PV the present value of the annuity PV RETURN REM R INPUT R the amount of the periodic payment R RETURN REM i IF DE THEN 775 INPUT i the annual interest rate I I I 1200 RETURN INPUT i the interest per conversion period I I 1 100 RETURN PRINT CLS PRINT SIPP ANNU PRINT R I 100 1 1200 PRINT PRINT PRINT RETURN REM REM REMX X kk kk KKK AK KKK HKKKEKKKKKHAK KA KK KK KE REM THIS SUBROUTINE SOLVES 0 FOR X REM USING THE BISECTION METHOD REM REM A 0001 B 1 REM WE ASSUME THAT A lt X lt B IN THIS METHOD IF SGN FNA A FNA B gt 0 THEN PRINT ERROR RETURN IF 5 lt 10 4 THEN X A B 2 RETURN PRINT C 579 MIDPT A B 2 CHECK FNA MIDPT FNA A IF SGN CHECK lt 0 THEN B MIDPT GOTO 1020 A MIDPT GOTO 1020 Listing 1 Write for PE
20. 502 v1 3 5 25 OS 65U Data Files pt 2 OS 65U Data Files pt 3 OS 65U Machine Code DiRectory The OSI 68000 OSI Assembler Symbol Table OSI Keyboard OSI SIG OSI SIG Data Library OS 65D Revisited OS 65U Disk File Editor Programmer s Delight PEEKIS Page gt M Author R Trethewey 5 Beavers S Larson E Richardson H H Grassel Trethewey R Trethewey L E Jankowski L E Jankowski D McDonald D G Johansen J Horemans P Chidley S Beavers A Hughes L E Jankowski D G Johansen Trethewey J Horemans R Clegg D Livesay E Gieske Clegg McGinnis McGinnis Trethewey Trethewev Heed King Trethewey Chidley Trethewey Trethewey Trethewey Livesay M Holcomb J Whitehead R Trethewey Trethewey R Trethewey R Trethewey Luis E Robles ODDDVDODDIDOON Issue Sum p3 Sum p5 Sept p11 Sum p4 Jan p3 Sum 042 Dec p7 Apr p2 Mar p2 Sum p33 Sum 34 Dec p1 Feb p5 Sum p23 Jan p18 Jan p6 Jan p2 Sum p17 Jan p16 Jan p11 Sept p2 Dec p2 Oct Nov p25 Mar p9 Apr 8 Apr p5 sept p7 Oct Nov p20 Dec 9 Jan p19 Jan p8 Jan p12 Feb p5 Oct Nov 2 Mar p5 Sum p35 Jan 4 Feb p3 Sum p39 Feb p9 Dec p17 Mar p4 Public Digital Radio Service Remote Break and Boot SAM the Self Aware Microcomputer Speed Hints for 650 BASIC String Swap for 65D BASIC A Tale of Two Ads Us
21. A STA JMP JMP JSR JSR JSR JMP LDA STA LDA STA STA STA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA LDA STA JSR 1047 FACLO FETCH ENTRY FORPNT SAVE FOR RESTORE ON EXIT MAKE CMD AN INTEGER PICK UP CMD TYPE CMDTBL 2 BADCMD CMD CMDTBL X DOCMD 1 CMDTBL 1 X DOCMD 2 SFFFF FCERR CRDO DIRSU HEADER D2 DISCN DUN 500 DUN 1 DUN 3 DUN 4 DUN 5 501 DUN 6 DIRBUF DUN 7 DIRBUF 256 DUN 8 25088 256 DUN 2 GETDSK SAVE COMMAND 2 MODIFIED CODE GO TO DISPLAY GET DEVICE NUMBER GIVE 650 CONTROL BLOCK INIZ CLEAR DISK ADDR LSB CLEAR BYTES LSB SET R W FOR 1 PAGE SET RAM ADDRESS LSB SET RAM ADDRESS MSB POINT TO DIREC READ IT because it is acommon practice for software packages to install machine code routines in the BEXEC program and to install a USR X vector at boot up Sometimes other programs within such packages will assume that the vectors are untouched since they were installed Thus if you alter these locations without restoring them afterward you can get hit with some mysterious crashes Two things happen when BASIC processes the statement X USR First of all BASIC knows it s processing an equation as soon as it sees a variable name at the start of the statement It then insures the inclusion of the and then begins to decipher the right hand side of the equation In our case the only thing there is the USR function BASIC hand
22. EK 65 PEEK 65 December Page 11 Using High Density 5 25 Disk Drives to Replace 8 Drives by David Livesay ave de la Resistance 6 B4920 Emourg Belgium How many of you have wished that you could silence your 8 drives If not how many of you have family that wish that you would turn off your computer to silence the 8 drives Okay so you like the noise How would you like to increase your storage capacity lf anything in the above paragraph strikes a chord then read on will explain how you can replace your noisy 8 most likely single sided drives with quiet high density double sided 5 25 drives Today two 5 25 double sided drives with power supply and cabinet will cost less than one single sided 8 drive with cabinet and power supply cost 6 years ago This article is a continuation of the article which appeared in the September issue of PEEK 65 and you will need to refer to that article for some of the information required to install the high density drives For several years now high density 1 2 megabyte when formatted in double density format but only about 500K in standard OSI format 5 25 disk drives have been on the market which can be used to replace the 8 drives Although the drive connector is different that the 8 drives the signals are compatible Table 1 shows the pin out of the high density drives These drives spin at the same speed and have the same data transfer rate as the 8
23. For mini floppy systems order P N E 15 For 8 systems order P N E 15HD Price 49 00 including shipping and handling For information contact David Livesay Order from PEEK 65 NOTICE Your mailing label has the day and month transposed PEEK 65 Page 27 Bulk Rate EEK 60 US Postage The Unofficial OSI Users Journal PAID Box 586 Pacifica CA Pacifica CA 94044 Permit 92 Zip Code 94044 415 993 6029 DELIVER TO a GOODIES for OSI Users PEEK 63 The Unofficial OSI Users Journal Sams Photo Facts Manual Complete schematics scope waveforms and board photos All you Ni need to be a C1P or SII Wizard just 7 95 x C4P Sams Photo Facts Manual Includes pinouts photos schematics for the 502 505 527 540 and 542 boards A bargain at 15 00 C2 C3 Sams Photo Facts Manual The facts you need to repair the larger OSI computers Fat with 30 00 useful information but just OSI s Small Systems Journals The complete set July 1977 through April 1978 bound and reproduced by PEEK 65 Full set only 15 00 Terminal Extensions Package lets you program like the mini users do with direct cursor positioning mnemonics and a number formatting function much more powerful than a mere print using Requires 65U 50 00 RESEO BASIC program resequencer plus much more Global changes tables of bad references GOSUBs amp GOTOs v
24. ICE machine code ie locations 8778 and 8779 610 SWBUFF 4700 PAGE 0 1 SWAP BUFFER have been set up have mentioned this 620 SWAP 54907 SWAP 0 1 WITH SWAP BUFFER before but it bears repeating Whenever you 630 alter the USR X vector to your own code 640 OS 65U DISK CONTROL BLOCK DEFINITION you should always retain a copy of the initial 650 contents of these locations and restore the 660 DUN DISC UNIT NUMBER TO READ WRITE vector when your program is finished 670 PEEK 65 Page 18 DUN 1 DISK ADDRESS LSB 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 710 DUN 2 DUN 3 DUN 4 DUN 5 DUN 6 DUN 7 DUN 8 DISK ADDRESS NLSB DISK ADDRESS NMSB DISK ADDRESS MSB NUMBER OF BYTES LSB NUMBER OF BYTES MSB MEMORY ADDRESS LSB MEMORY ADDRESS MSB ASSEMBLY CONSTANTS 780 BS 190 LF 800 CR 810 ESC 820 SP 830 SKIP2 840 DEL 850 STACK 860 08 SOA 0 1B 20 2C 5 100 870 EDITOR EXTERNALS 880 890 PTR 900 STRPTR 910 TMP 920 1 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 DOCMD 1120 BADCMD 1130 1140 USRDIR 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 DIRSU 50 52 2 554 555 56000 LDA FORPNT STA OLDFOR LDA FORPNT 1 STA OLDFOR 1 JSR LDA CMP BCS STA ASL TAX LDA STA LD
25. LDA INDEX Y FETCH A CHAR 7060 STA 1 6400 JSR CASECK MAKE IT ALL CAPS 7070 INC EC 6410 STA BUF Y SAVE IT 7080 LDA EC 6420 INY 7090 CMP 256 16 6430 GTFN3 FF 7100 BNE WILD3 6440 BNE GTFN2 7110 INC COUNT 6450 LDA SP 7120 BNE WILDA 6460 GTFN4 CPY 06 7130 INC COUNT 1 6470 BEQ GTFN5 7140 BNE WILDA 6480 STA BUF Y 7150 INC COUNT 2 6490 INY 7160 WILDA LDA COUNT 2 6500 BNE GTFN4 7170 CMP SIZE 2 6510 GTFN5 LDA CR 7180 BNE WILDB 6520 STA BUF Y 7190 LDA COUNT 1 6530 RTS 7200 CMP SIZE 1 6540 7210 BNE WILDB 6550 WILD JSR GTFNAM GET FILE NAME 7220 LDA COUNT 6560 JSR DIRSU SET UP FOR DIR READ 7230 CMP SIZE 6570 JSR HEADER 7240 BEQ WILDC 6580 LDY 500 7250 WILDB JSR DBUMP 6590 WILDO LDA BUF Y 7260 JMP WILD2 6600 CMP SP 7270 WILDC LDA 00 6610 BNE WILD1 7280 TAY 6620 LDA 4 7290 LDX OLDFOR 6630 STA BUF Y 7300 STX FORPNT 6640 WILD1 7310 LDX OLDFOR 1 6650 CPY 06 7320 STX FORPNT 1 PEEK 65 Page 24 7330 GIVAYF 7340 Continued Next Month 7350 FILE DKED2 Book Bargains Sam s Service Manuals The hardware enthusiast s best friend These are the only professional guides available for servic modifying your OSI equipment They include full schematics block diagrams wave form tracings pa and diagnostic tips They were written for the pre 1980 series of OSI systems but since OSI never has that much they are still valuable no matter when your computer was made
26. LE FIND OLDFOR 5330 STX 5340 LDX 5350 STX 5360 JMP 5370 5380 USRF1 LDY 5390 LDA 5400 STA 5410 INY 5420 LDA 5430 STA 5440 INY 5450 LDA 5460 STA 5470 LDA 5480 STA 5490 JSR 5500 LDX 5510 STX 5520 LDX 5530 STX 5540 RTS 95505 5560 NORMALIZE 5570 5580 NORMAL LDA 5590 STA 5600 LDA 5610 BMI 5620 BNE 5630 LDA 5640 BNE 5650 LDA 5660 BNE 5670 LDA 5680 BEQ 5690 NORMA1 DEC 5700 ASL 5710 ROL 5720 ROL 5730 ROL 5740 BPL 5750 NORMA2 RTS 5760 NORMA3 STA 5710 RTS 5780 5790 KEYGET JSR 5800 TAY 5810 LDA 5820 JMP 5830 5840 PNAME LDY 5850 1 LDA 5860 JSR 5870 INY 5880 CPY 5890 BNE 5900 LDA 5910 STA 5920 JSR 5930 LDY 5940 LDX 5950 PNAME2 LDA 5960 PHA 5970 AND 5980 CMP FORPNT OLDFOR 1 FORPNT 1 GIVAYF SHOW NO MATCH 509 POKER Y FACMLO POKER Y FACMHI POKER Y FACHI 500 FACLO NORMAL OLDFOR FORPNT OLDFOR 1 FORPNT 1 AND RETURN TO CALLER FLOATING POINT ACCUMULATOR 32 580 FACEXP FACHI NORMA2 NORMA1 FACMHI NORMA1 FACMLO NORMA1 FACLO NORMA3 0 FACMLO FACMHI FACHI NORMA1 FACEXP 0587 500 500 POKER Y OUTDO INIZ FETCH CHAR PRINT IT BUMP IT PRINTED WHOLE NAME NO LOOP 506 1 8 506 500 POKER Y GET 1ST PW CHAR SAVE IT MASK TO LOW NIBBLE GET INDEX TO PW 50 50 65 Page 23 5990 BNE PNAME3 NOT DEFAULT 6660 BNE WILDO
27. P COUNTER LSB WATCH FOR PAGING BUMP NMSB ON PAGING AND WATCH AGAIN BUMP MSB ON PAGING FETHC LSB READ ENTIRE DIR NO gt D5 MAYBE CHECK NMSB SAME NO gt DS FETCH MSB SAME YES END BUMP DIRECTORY PTRS AND LOOP SAVE FILE COUNTS GET X FORPNT RESTORE IT FOR BASIC GET MSB TOO 2020 STA FORPNT 1 2030 NORMAL 2040 2050 SAVVAL LDA NUMPRG 1 2060 LDY NUMPRG 2070 JSR GIVAYF 2080 JSR SAVNUM 2090 LDA NUMMF 1 2100 LDY NUMMF 2110 JSR GIVAYF 2120 JSR SAVNUM 2130 LDA NUMKF 1 2140 LDY NUMKF 2150 JSR GIVAYF 2160 JSR SAVNUM 2170 LDA NUMSCR 1 2180 LDY NUMSCR 2190 JSR GIVAYF 2200 2210 SAVNUM JSR CHKCOM 2220 JSR PTRGET 2230 STA FORPNT 2240 STY FORPNT 1 2250 LDA STRFLG 2260 BNE SAVNU2 2270 LDA INTFLG 2280 SAVNU1 2290 JMP 09C5 2300 SAVNU1 JMP 1ACB EXIT VIA NORMAL GET P FILES MSB GET P FILES LSB GIVE TO FPACC GIVE TO NP VAR GET OF MF MSB AND LSB GIVE TO FPACC GIVE FP TO NM GET MSB GET LSB GIVE TO FPACC GIVE TO NK GET SCR FILES GIVE TO FPACC FIND OUR FRIEND FIND THE VAR SAVE PTR TO VAR GIVE TO VAR FACC TO F P VAR 2310 SAVNU2 JMP FCERR CAN T USE STRINGS 23207 2330 DBUMP INC DUN 2 2340 BNE DBUM1 2350 INC DUN 3 2360 BNE DBUM1 2370 INC DUN 4 2380 DBUM1 RTS 2390 2400 CMDTBL WORD USRDIR DISPLAY ALL 2410 WORD USRDIR DATA FILES ONLY 2420 WORD USRDIR PROGRAMS ONLY 2430 WORD USRFIL FIND DISK ADDR 2440
28. PEEK 65 he Unofficial OSI Journal Inside This Month For the two or three of you out there who haven t figured it out yet produce PEEK 65 on an Apple Macintosh computer The reasons are many This issue brings with it the culmination of my first year as owner editor chief cook and bottle washer My plan all along has been to bring the best tools to bear on this job About 90 of them have now come into fruition Every issue prior to this one required that make hard copies of every article on a dot matrix printer and armed with all of that paper would literally cut and paste the articles onto a huge guide sheet that held two pages of PEEK But in order to do this first had to measure each article diagram and advertisement and draw mock ups of each page before went to the light table to make the real masters Printing out miles of articles and pasting snippets of paper onto these big guide sheets was extremely time consuming It was the best method for producing the magazine had until now This month my printer got an Apple LaserWriter Plus That accounts for the improvements in the lettering you see here In addition got a copy of some page composition software for the Mac Combined these two tools reduced the time it took to produce this issue by at least 40 Next month it will surely be even more helpful since I ve now worked with these things long enough to know what works and what doesn t OK so w
29. Poulsbo WA 98370 Dear Norman Thanks for your comments Many of the issues you raise are Common complaints about OSI systems Some of them have been addressed by my Hooks into BASIC You might want to check out your back issues of PEEK for the article wrote that includes that software You ll find a directory command and a file creation command that you can call from BASIC This eliminates the need to keep a scratch file during program development Many of the other items you ask for are also on our list but some may not be possible or practical Just as you don t like a language built into the system am not in favor of building random file access into the operating system That should be handled at the language or application program level Whether or not we switch to non contiguous files will probably depend on how well such a scheme works on our ancient 8 disk systems I m convinced this would be a better way to go but don t know how it would work in real life any event keep thinking about it Rick OSI CALC SPREADSHEET PROGRAM OSI CALC has been a smash hit here at PEEK 65 Written entirely in BASIC by Paul Chidley of TOSIE the program gives you a 26 column by 36 spreadsheet with many features Don t let the fact that its written BASIC fool you Its VERY FAST Each cell can contain text left right justified numeric data in floating point or dollar format or a formu
30. WORD WILD WILD CARD DIR 2450 WORD KEYGET GET KEYPRESS 2460 WORD EDIT FILE EDITOR 2470 2480 BYTE DATA 2490 BYTE BASIC 2500 BYTE OTHER 2510 AR BYTE NONE 2520 BYTE READ 2530 BYTE WRITE 2540 BYTE R W 2550 DELTYP BYTE Deleted File 00 2560 Master 00 2570 KFTYP 500 2580 SCRTYP BYTE Scratch 500 2590 HEAD BYTE Password 2600 BYTE Type Access 2610 BYTE Address i 2620 BYTE Size Special 2630 BYTE CR LF 00 2640 CURFIL BYTE XXXXXX CR 2650 TMPTYP BYTE 00 TEMP TYPE STORAGE 2660 CMD 500 COMMAND 2670 OLDFOR 2680 DRIVE 2690 SIZE 2700 STADDR 2710 ENADDR 2720 CADDR 2730 FSIZE 2740 BFENPG 2750 BSIZE 2760 INUSE 2770 RECOV 2780 COUNT 2790 NUMMF 2800 NUMKF 2810 NUMSCR 2820 NUMPRG 2830 TEMP 2840 EC 2850 PW 2860 TABTO 2870 2880 TABER 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 TABERI 2950 2960 HEADER 2970 2980 2990 3000 3010 HEADE1 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 TYPCHK 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 3220 3230 3240 3250 2 3260 3270 TYPCH3 3280 3290 3300 3310 3320 3330 WORD BYTE BYTE BYTE BYTE BYTE BITE BYTE BYTE BITE WORD WORD WORD WORD BYTE WORD BYTE BYTE LDA CMP BCS LDA JSR JMP RTS LDA LD
31. Y JSR LDY LDA JSR INY CPY BNE JMP LDY LDA AND LSR LSR PHA STA ASL ASL ADC STA PLA TAX INX LDY BEQ CPX BNE SEC RTS LDY LDA CLC ADC STA INY LDA SFFFF 00 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0000 0000 0000 0000 00 0000 500 500 500 500 500 POSCNT TABTO TABER1 SP OUTDO TABER HEAD HEAD 256 OUTSTR 500 p OUTDO 62 HEADE 1 CRDO 508 POKER Y 11100 A A TYPCHITI A 5 TMPTYP xD SAVE FOR LATER TI CHECK COMMAND CMD 0 PASS CMD NO gt CMD TYPCH2 CMD TXPCH3 50 POKER Y INUSE 1 INUSE 1 POKER Y PEEK 65 Page 21 3340 ADC INUSE 2 4000 TAY 3350 STA INUSE 2 4010 BNE GETD2 3360 INY 4020 RTS 3370 LDA POKER Y 4030 3380 ADC INUSE 3 4040 TYPER LDA 18 3390 STA INUSE 3 4050 STA TABTO 3400 CLC 4060 JSR TABER 3410 RTS 4070 LDX 00 3420 4080 LDY TMPTYP 3430 DIRDUN JSR CRDO 4090 TYPE1 STX TEMP 3440 PLA 4100 LDA TYPE Y 3450 PLA 4110 JSR OUTDO 3460 JMP DIROT RETURN TO CALLER 4120 LDX TEMP 3470 4130 INX 3480 DIRNXO LDA DELTYP 4140 3490 LDY DELTYP 4150 CPX 505 3500 JSR OUTSTR 4160 BNE 1 3510 JSR TYPE4 4170 LDA 25 3520 JSR CRDO 4180 STA TABTO 3530 JMP DIRNXT 4190 JSR TABER 3540 4200 LDY 08 3550 DIROUT JSR TYPCHK CHECK ENTRY TYPE 4210 LDA POKER Y 3560 BCS DIROI1 422
32. ariables by line number resequences parts of programs or entire programs handles line 50000 trap Best debug tool l ve seen MACHINE LANGUAGE VERY FASTI Requires 65U Manual amp samples only 5 00 Everything for l 50 00 Sanders Machine Language Sort Merge for 05 650 Complete disk sort and merge documentation Bode cua shows you how to call from any BASIC program on any disk and return itorany other BASIC program 204 on any disk floppy or hard Most versatile disk sort yet Will run under LEVEL I II or III It should cost more but Sanders says sell it for just 89 00 KYUTIL The ultimate OS DMS keyfile utility package This implementation of Sander s SORT MERGE creates loads and sorts multiple field conditionally loaded keyfiles KYUTIL will load and sort a keyfile of over 15000 ZIP codes in under three hours Never sort another Master File 100 00 Assembler Editor amp Extended Monitor Reference Manual amp 222 86956 65V Primer Introduces machine language programming m 4 95 DF MF C8P DF Introductory Manuals 5 95 each please specify 5 95 Basic Reference Manual ROM 65D and 65U 5 95 l C8P Users Manuals 7 95 each please specify 7 95 How to program Microcomputers The C 3 Series 7 95 Professional Computers Set Up amp Operations Manual C2
33. b 0 8 data Even Parity 1 Stop 1 1 it 8 data Odd Parity 1 Stop CRG CRS Effect 0 0 RTS low Interrupt Disabled 0 1 RTS low Interrupt Enabled J 0 RTS hi Interrupt Disabled 1 1 RTS hi Interrupt Enabled and Transmits a lt BREAK gt level on the Transmit Data Output Table 1 ATTENTION DEALERS PEEK 65 needs new subscribers and you need new customers and together it happen with our own Co op advertising program This program pays dealers for signing up new subscribers with free ad space 65 Just five subscriptions will eam 1 90 page advertising credit in PEEK 65 Most dealers sell their own software with the systems they install By advertising in PEEK you vastly expand potential market for your products And how sales you lost because you couldnt find the pplication your customer wanted Dealer ads be own Yellow Pages Readers and customers win too by increasing the number of uses for their equipment Call or write today for details and your free promotional materials Making a PEEK 65 subscription of every sale 15 painless and profitable This time Co op pays you PEEK 65 December Page 3 Remote lt BREAK gt and Boot by George Jennings Capitol City Stationers 3649 Market Street Camp Hill PA 17011 The purpose of this article is to demonstrate a technique to allow ISOTRON dealers to provide remote programming s
34. bove Remember to add 4000 to the memory addresses to reflect where we put the track zero 5 25 HIGH DENSITY DISK DRIVE INTERFACE PIN SIGNAL FUNCTION 2 4 6 INPUT 8 OUTPUT 10 INPUT 12 14 16 18 20 INPUT 22 INPUT 24 INPUT 26 OUTPUT 28 OUTPUT 30 INPUT 32 OUTPUT NOTE SPEED SELECT IN USE or HEAD LOAD DRIVE 4 SELECT INDEX DRIVE DRIVE DRIVE MOTOR DIRECTION SELECT STEP WRITE DATA WRITE GATE TRACK 00 READ DATA SIDE SELECT READY SELECT 1 SELECT 2 SELECT 3 ALL ODD PINS ARE GROUND Table i contents ie instead of 26 you would enter 66 Run the Track Zero Read Write Utility again and save the new version ta disk Remember that we will read and write 12 pages of data each time At this point you will have a disk that will boot and be able to use all 80 tracks You will also need to change the program CREATE to be able to use 80 tracks The instructions for doing so are in the September article this case changing line 20090 as stated will allow the use of tracks 0 7 as well as 8 80 Dr e Sa Time For those who wish to have the possibilty of quickly using the 8 drives you might wish to make up the 5 25 drive cables with three disk drive connectors on it Two of these connectors would be used for your 5 25 drives and the third would be used to connect to your adaptor for the 8 drive Alth
35. d a prototype board with an edge connector with 2X17 connections on it driva as spaced at 100 between conductors Radio Shack sells some cards with 2X20 connections You can modify this by cutting part of the edge with a hacksaw Another choice would be a prototype board for an Apple The Apple compatible boards have 2X25 connections on it and will also have to be modified To this board you will need to add a 50 pin female header for a ribbon cable to the 8 disk drive You will then need to make the connections shown in Figure 4 between the 34 pin connector and the 50 pin connector If there is enough interest will make a small adaptor board with the connector on it You will then need to make up the cable for your 5 25 disk drives with connectors for the two drives even if you only have one 5 25 drive and a new cable to the 8 drives In order to control the head loading on the 8 drive you will need to either run a wire from pin 1 on the OSI controller to pin 18 of the 50 pin cable going to the 8 drives or you can use pin 4 of the 34 pin cable for controlling the head load If you use pin 4 of the 34 pin cable run a wire from pin 1 of the OSI controller connector on the data separator board to pin 4 of the connector for the disk drive cable You will then need to make the connection from pin 4 of the 34 pin connector to pin 18 of the 50 pin connector on your adaptor for the 8 drives Now that you have all of
36. directory under OS 65U Third it demonstrates several useful techniques for calling routines in BASIC from your own machine code The vanilla directory printer is fairly straightforward It calls sectors of the directory into the 65U directory buffer one page at a time and proceeds to count the entries by file type and size When it hits the end of the directory a summary is displayed PEEK 65 Page 19 and several parameters are passed back to the BASIC program The routine will also display only selected file types depending on the command number passed to it by the BASIC program Note that the routine counts any data file whose name ends with 0 as an OS DMS Master File and any data file that ends with a number from 1 to 7 is considered an OS DMS Key File All other data files are denoted as Scratch Sign Up for CompuServe CompuServe subscription kits with a 2500 time credit are now available directly from PEEK 65 for only 32 00 plus shipping That s 20 off the regular price of 9539 95 This kit includes the CompuServe User s Manual In addition to giving you access to the OSI related files bulletin board CompuServe account be your gateway to a wealth of information and communications services such as MCI Mail the Online Airline Guide and the CompuServe Mal for shopping at home Send for your kit now BEIM AM PEEK 65 Page 20 1350 1360 Dl 1370 138
37. er Survey Final Results User Survey Preliminary Results Using High Density 5 1 4 Drives Using OSI SIG on CompuServe USR X Y 2 1 2 3 U Word 65U Word Processor Wazzat Corner Printer control D Stoner G Jennings R Reed R Clegg E Morris E Morris R Trethewey Trethewey D Livesay R Trethewey E Morris Trethewey L E Jankowski Oct Nov p7 Dec p4 p13 Oct Nov p13 Apr p7 Feb p3 Sum p2 Apr p11 Dec p12 Mar p7 Jan p10 Sept p9 Feb p2 E Solve Your Disk Drive Problems Sign Up for CompuServe CompuServe subscription kits with a 25 00 connect time credit are now available directly from PEEK 65 for only 32 00 plus shipping Thats 20 off the regular price of 39 95 This kit includes the CompuServe User s Manual In addition to giving you access to the OSI related files and bulletin board CompuServe account can be your gateway to a wealth of information communications Services such as MCI Mail the Online Airline Guide the CompuServe Mall for shopping at home Send for your kit now Classy AD C8P DF New never used 12 inch BMC monitor 495 Al Stark 703 524 5455 DWH C3B with 80MB hard disk dual floppies Hazeltine 1420 terminal with Polaroid screen OSI rack cabinet D amp N CP M card D amp N serial card OSI serial card New disks manuals software Al Stark 703 524 5455 OSI 32K 100 8K 75
38. essor Their lowest entry level system the model AZ 400 supports up to 20 users At the high end their model AZ 1400 supports up to a mix of 256 users user processors and peripheral processors Becterm supports a variety of operating systems including OS 65U UCSD and IDRIS On the hardware front they support the 6502 and the 68000 and will apparently soon support the 8086 family In my conversation with Mr Andre Gareau it was clear that Becterm had gone far beyond the traditional OSI multi user and networked systems with many features a lot of people have been begging for How does 32 gigabytes of mass storage sound to you Not impressed How about 670 megabytes For more information contact Becterm 12 Trans Canada Ouest Levis Quebec Canada G6V 472 418 835 1551 COMPUTER attatched processors and co ofRAM disk storage processors to run on a single system Term A J ne 9090 5 1 Y pins 7 tie together figure 3b MODEM DB 25 PEEK 65 December Page 7 Software Spectacular C1P Superboard Cassettes OSI Invaders Hangman Star Trek Biorhythm Zulu 9 Racer SpaceWar Add Game Advertisement Assortment of Basic Math High Noon Tiger Tank 10 for just Hectic Annuity I Math Intro 520 00 Cryptography Sampler Specify your preferences _C4P C8P Cassettes but due to limited quantities some Statistics I Frustration Space War Battleship substitu
39. et properly In addition to controlling the reset function bits CRO and CH1 also set what the 6850 calls the divide rate This divide rate determines the baud rate or the speed at which you want to communicate You see the speed at which the 6850 operates is determined by two factors 1 the speed of the clock signal coming into it from your computer and 2 the divide rate The clock signal is divided by the divide rate in actual operation The 6850 has three possible settings for this divide rate 1 16 and 64 Lets assume the clock signal coming into the 6850 is 19 200 cycles per second If the divide rate on the 6850 is set to 1 the effective baud rate you will communicate at will be 19 200 baud if the divide rate is set for 16 you will be set for 1200 baud And if the divide rate is 64 you ll get 300 baud You see 19 200 1 19 200 19 200 16 1200 19 200 64 300 All of the settings are shown in Table 1 A setting of 7 data bits even parity and 1 stop bit is the most common setting and suited my needs After selecting the rest of the settings wanted my configuration byte ended up as 10010001 In decimal that s 145 Since the 6850 was already initialized then POKEd 52998 with 145 Shift the input from the keyboard to the CA 10 with POKE 11668 128 and select the port with POKE 19798 6 Hitch up the MSI and tell it to dump Violla the dump appears on the screen So you write a simple l
40. g is hard to say Its a matter of some debate in the industry and in the courts However I m sure that any license you rights were If the program doesn t do what its supposed to do then you have many routes of redress Whether or not you have the right to de crypt a program is even more nebulous Under the concept of fair use you probably do have that right However could envision arguments against this applying to licensed software I m a software author so naturally I m sympathetic to the rights of other authors However buy software too so I m not totally biased Given the state of affairs we find ourselves in these days both technologically and legally restraints on copying software boil down to a matter of ethics When you buy or use a commercial program you know what the vendor considers his rights to be If those conditions aren t satisfactory to you find another vendor The world is up to its armpits But dont assume that such unsatisfactory conditions confer upon you the right to violate that vendor s rights If you don t like the deal walk away from it Rick Dear Sir have owned an OSI with 48K and two disk drives since 1980 Right now it is sitting unused near my Macintosh In terms of operating speed software availability data storage and general usability there is really no PEEK 65 December Page 15 comparison The Macintosh is the winner Ho
41. h in some commands to give him all kinds of totals values or just step through his entries When the job is completer he goes to the back room where he dumps the MSI into the store s computer After a good dump wipe the memory clean and it is ready for another trip to the shelves In my situation up to 15 or 20K of data would be dumped at a time and the MSI doesn t support XON XOFF flow control So much for storing a track at a time SO here sat an OSI 230E ready and willing but would it be able The say that an OSI can be made to work with almost anything Now believe but at the time wasn too sure at all yanked out the CA 10 to rig up a port for 4800 baud while contemplating how would get all those 15K of data into memory if not on disk Past efforts at dumping WP print out from one into another via modem had all failed apparently due to the length of time for the receiving machine to execute the carriage return line feed it always lost the first character or two from the next line To test the new port hooked up a PEEK 65 December Page 2 printer to it just to see if could send to it POKEd 11686 129 to set the output to the CA 10 and the serial console simultaneously and POKEd 19798 with 6 to get port 4 on the CA 10 board 0 2 4 6 It worked as expected but that didn t solve my problem If I can POKE the output where want it wonder if the same thing can be done
42. he hooks changed See the partial listing of the for the details If you use the original code you could easily get away with only 000 and up and reserve only two tracks Now a BASIC disk filis like any other The trade off is that a separate version is needed for systems with different amounts of memory However with the C4 C8 48K seems standard With the C1 there are many with 32K and some with 40K which would require two versions This is probably why Bob Ankeney used the method of moving up BASIC to allow for Color He did not have to be concerned with memory sizes Sample programs called ART1 and HAPPY are included with this article ART1 demonstrates some of the capabilities and the math routines Note that ART1 is really a compilation of 15 separate routines Each menu item is a separate program Add GRINIT HGR and each will run on its own HAPPY Birthday demonstrates the ease of using the SID sound chip and the use of sprites Note too that the SID chip works will at 3 MHz connected directly to the 48 pin bus unlike the General Instruments 8910 12 which is usually run through a 6821 PIA to allow for its slow access times Color and in my installation TOSIE Il has opened another area of exploration don t own a color monitor and don t intend to get one The high resolution graphics sprites and character sets have opened up another area of programming fun Bo SCLR SID clear
43. he speed The switch should be connected between pin 2 and ground Normally grounding this pin will switch the drive to low speed mode You should consult the disk drive manual You can have automatic speed selection by connecting pin 2 of the drive cable connector to ground on the data separator used with the mini floppy system The data separator used with the 8 system should have pin 2 left open Now when you plug the drives into the mini floppy system they will spin at 300 RPM and when plugged into the 8 system they will spin at 360 RPM f trolle us You will need to modify your OSI drive controller for use with double sided drives The required modifications and described in the September 65 article For those who have a different OSI controller than the one described and can t figure out what to do to make the changes write to me and will give you instructions After you have the data separator built you will need to make an adaptor to be able to connect one 8 and one 5 25 drive atthe same time Figure 4 shows the connections required to connect an 8 drive to the high density 5 25 drive cable while transferring data from the 8 disks to the 5 25 disks You should set up the 8 drive as drive number one and the 5 25 number two The easiest way to connect the two drives is to connect a small prototype board with a 34 conductor edge connector into one of the drive connectors on the 5 25 drive cable Fin
44. hy then did it take 2 months to get this issue out again Mostly it was my fault 1 just got out and out swamped by end of the year details But since it was my fault made this issue larger and intend to continue to do so and didn t make it another of my imfamous double issues hope you ll accept my apologies You will see another issue of PEEK within 30 days That issue will be a double issue January and February but you should never see another now that the production headaches have been so largely reduced Input Control and the 6850 Remote BREAK and Boot Product Description Becterm Mortgages and Annuities Using High Density 5 1 4 Drives Color Additions Letters to the Editor OS 65U Disk File Editor part 1 Of course still desparately need your help PEEK 65 is a users journal depend on you to continue to supply me with articles and programs to publish If you check out the 1986 Index in this issue you ll see that only a handful of people have really been consistent contributors have yet to see an OSI owner who hasn t written at least one program on his own If every one of you would send in a program with just a short description of it PEEK 65 would double in length overnight It doesn t need to be a new program It doesn t need to be a super spectacular program Chances are that you have solved a problem that has been stumping someone else for ages even if the original intent of your p
45. isks abuilt in directory function Automatic file creation This would remove the necessity of running a separate program Dynamic file sizing When developing a program the size changes constantly Let the operating system figure out the size and save it This could be implimented in one of two methods UCSD Pascal requires contiguous space on the disk MS DOS allows fragmentation of the file and storage in any available sectors a true random access file system built into the operating system with variable record size from 1 bytes to at least 1 K byte PEEK 65 December Page 16 Automatic buffering when using files Having to save the buffers with a program is a waste of precious disk space Support for more than two disk buffers In many cases two buffers are enough but more wuld make many operations easier and much faster No built in language When a language is built in the machine architecture sometimes is tailored for that language That tailoring can make implimentation of other languages more difficult than it should be There are other things would like to see such as character generation in RAM like the Macintosh windowing maybe even multi tasking how about a print spooler However what outlined here are things that should be addressed immediately if the OSI community is to Survive and gain any support from the outside Sincerely Norman Thorsen 22225 Woodward Way NW
46. ittle program that then says to INPUT A or INPUT A and go get the next one The operating system takes care of putting it on the screen and into memory But let s get a little more practical The shorter the program the more room in memory will be left for variables just DIMed A 500 and made a little loop 10 INPUT A X X X 1 GOTO 10 That was just great but the darned thing just died on me when it finished noticed that the MSI sent END as the last characters so installed IF A X END THEN POKE 11668 1 to restore input control to the console Then or the program can save the stuff to a file That s it Sweet and simple and very useful Now that you can handle the ACIA and contro INPUT sources just let your mind ramble How s this for starters Dealers have gone to all sorts of expensive ends to have a modem on a customer s machine so they can access it from their office Some have even installed extra memory partitions just for the modem Now and extra menu selection can do the POKEs to turn the console over to the modem and it can be POKEd back to the console when finished 0 0 Divide Rate 1 0 1 Divide Rate 16 1 0 Divide Rate 64 1 1 Master Reset CR CR2 Effect 0 0 0 7 data Even Parity 2 Stop 0 0 1 7 data Odd Parity 2 Stop 0 1 0 7 data Even Parity 1 Stop 0 1 1 7 data Odd Parity 1 Stop 1 0 0 8 data No Parity 2 Stop 1 0 1 8 data No Parity 1 Stop l a
47. la which computes its results based on the contents of the other cells Formulas can perform addition subtraction multiplication or division using contents and or numeric constants Spreadsheets can be stored disk the program does very _ nice printing too OSI CALC requires 48K of memory and 05 650 V3 3 Specify video or serial system and mini floppy or 8 disks Price 10 00 plus 3 70 shipping 13 70 total t OS 65U Disk File Editor and Directory Utility Part 1 by Richard L Trethewey Sooner or later it happens to everyone There s a disk error errant program or pilot error waiting out there to mangle your precious data When it happens you face a difficult problem because there are few tools out there that will let you examine and repair disk files under OS 65U Last year while testing MC DMS and some other software kept running into the problem of not being able to easily tell where my software was actually reading and writing to disk After going through 4 or 5 little utility programs in BASIC sat down and wrote this editor in machine code to save time memory and hair I call it DKEDIT As with any machine code routine for OS 65U there are two components to DKEDIT the assembly language source code and the support program in BASIC The assembly language is broken into two separate files DKED1 and 2 and will require about 10 tracks each on you
48. les USR by evaluating the contents of the parenthesis and then jumps to the machine code pointed to by locations 8778 and 8779 low hight byte format of course Thefirst thing my machine code does when it gets control is to save the location of the storage for the variable X that BASIC found when it began to process the left hand side of the equation The reason do this is because will be passing values back to BASIC and in the interim will likely have overwritten the pointer labeled FORPNT at 96 several times Next make sure the contents of the parenthesis is not a string and change its numeric value from floating point into an integer so can handle it easily in machine code atthe byte level Based onthe value found here the command number usea look up table to jump to the code that corresponds to the desired command The directory printer will probably interest a lot of people for a couple of reasons First of all it s fast mean REALLY FAST Have your fingers ready on CTRL S when you use this baby Second the program prints out a valid password for each file Note that due to the encoding method used by OSI the password displayed may not be identical to the one you selected when the file was created but it will work nonetheless Third the code used does several interesting things First it expands the normal format of the USR function Second it demonstrates how to access the disk drives and the
49. ll my mortgage to somebody else for say 5 000 00 You can be sure that such a buyer of my mortgage is going to earn a lot more interest than am How much more 50 is not unheard of It happens every day From the buyer s perspective he is buying an annuity of N payments of R dollars or pounds Sterling or francs and he is paying a PV of 5 000 00 By selecting option 4 in ANUITP he determine his percentage of yield Figure 1 If you find any of this interesting then let Rick Trethewey know send a note to PEEK 65 and we can continue this discussion and provide other programs and examples haven t mentioned the AMOUNT of an annuity which is another powerful concept Send me a SASE and will send you a brief bibliography on the subject at no charge 1 1 i PEEK 65 December Page 9 REM x ox oo x x d e dee ANNUITP ooo ck ok e eG e e e REM REM SOLVES THE ANNUITY EQUATION REM i e SOLVES FOR ANY ONE OF N PV R AND I GIVEN ANY THREE REM WHERE NUMBER OF PERIODS J0Y REM 2 R PAYMENT PER PERIOD g monthly payment REM PV PRESENT VALUE OF THIS INCOME STREAM REM I INTEREST RATE PER CONVERSION PERIOD 9 REM by Dale King PO BOX 419 LEONARD TX 75452 10 REM KK o eoe e oh e o e e e oe e ke ee ke e e I Sk e e e e e e e ke e ee kk e I e ev kk 100 CLS CHR 10 FOR I 1 TO 5 CL CLS CLS NEXT I 110 PRINT CL i 120 PRINT
50. n the video community I ll try to come up with a legal way of passing on the information without 10 REM Disk File Screen Editor 20 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 30 CLS CHRS 27 CHRS 28 40 U1SER PEEK 8778 U2SER PEEK 8779 50 POKE 8778 0 POKE 8779 96 60 T PEEK 9832 IF T gt 127 THEN T T 124 IF T gt 63 THEN T T 58 70 DDS CHRS T 65 100 PRINT CLS Disk File Screen Editor PRINT 110 PRINT 1 Directory 120 PRINT 2 Edit a File 125 PRINT 3 Quit 130 PRINT INPUT CMD VAL Y 140 PRINT IF 5 THEN 500 150 IF CMD K1 THEN 200 160 IF CMD K2 THEN 300 165 IF CMD K3 THEN 500 170 GOTO 100 200 REM Vanilla Directory 210 PRINT CLS 220 INPUT DEVice DR L LEN DR 230 PRINT IF L K1 THEN 220 240 C ASC DR IF gt 5 2 THEN C C 32 250 DEV CHRS 260 X USR K0 NP NM NK NS PRINT X Bytes Use 270 PRINT GOSUB 63000 GOTO 100 280 300 PRINT Edit File on X USR K6 GOTO 100 310 500 GOSUB 63000 IF DD THEN DEV DD 510 POKE 8778 U1SER 8779 U2SER 520 IF RP THEN END 530 RUN RPS PWS 540 60000 RPS BEXEC PWS 2 PASS GOTO 20 60010 63000 INPUT Press RETURN to continue Y 63010 IF Y STOP AND Y stop THEN RETURN 63020 GOTO 510 Your Choice Y PEEK 65 Page 17 violating any copyrights In any event the 10 OS 65U DISK FILE EDITOR directory pr
51. niently Prior to delivery of the customer system the break timer Figure 1 and a small 3 pole double throw toggle switch can be installed in the client s machine The break circuit can be mounted directly on the 510 boards using the NE 555 foil pads provided for the optional 110 baud clock timer see schematic The 515 board has an uncommitted 16 pin pad layout which can be used on this processor board for the same modification The toggle switch is installed on the back panel near the console input DB 25s connector In one position normally down the switch connects the console input cable to the CPU board directly to the console terminal jack This requires 2 of the 3 switch contacts The third switch section is tied into the baud rate selector pads and sets the console baud rate to whatever is desired usually 4800 or 9600 In the other position the switch ties the CPU input and output to a long pig tailed DB 25 connector and ties to the external modem The third section selects the modem baud rate usually 300 or 1200 This provides a no hassle way for the client to switch over He just flips the switch drops the phone in the modem cuff and is ready to go At the end of the on line session he hangs up the phone flips the toggle switch the other way and is back in business normally assuming the software fix worked CAUTION The baud rate clock signals on both the 510 and 515 boards are at 16 times the actual ba
52. nt to be received in the future is not worth as much in the presentt For one could set aside the present value and let it earn interest until it has grown enough to be received at the future date Thus every payment in an annuity has its own present value Add all these present values up to get the present value or PV or the entire annuity For example the PV of a mortgage at day oneis the original amount of the loan K takes a little algebra but can show that the equation in Figure 1 relates N the number of payments R the amount of each payment i the interest rate per conversion period an PV the present value of the annuity The program ANUITP shown in Listing 1 allows you to solve this equation given any three out of four of its variables In the case of i this is harder than you think The equation is transcendental in i Your banker looks un the N PV R and i in Mortgage Interest Tables These tables are widely available but usually do not have the range that we seek My father has an old CRC Math Tables They handle i up to about 5 Modern tables go up to roughly 20 Why would anybody need tables higher than 20 This question leads us to the subject of discounted Mortgages Suppose receiving monthly payments from a mortgage 1 carried back a second when sold my house might rather have the cash The value of my mortgage may be 10 000 00 but might be willing to se
53. ogram and the techniques 20 WRITTEN BY RICHARD L TRETHEWEY involved will be of benefit to any 65U user 30 COPYRIGHT 9 7 85 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED regardiess of their set up 40 50 BASIC EXTERNALS As said the editor is very simple and 60 hope simple for others to use Whatever you re doing there s always a prompt line along the bottom of the display which reflects 70 STRFLG 5000 80 INTFLG 5000F 90 POSCNT 50016 STRING FLAG INTEGER FLAG CURSOR POSITION the level you re at within the program The top 100 POKER 50019 UTILITY POINTER level is where you start when you ve just 110 BUF 001B BASIC Z PAGE BUFFER 71 CHARS opened the file The contents of the first 120 INDEX 5006 UTLITY POINTER page of the file are displayed in hexadecimal 130 MEMSIZ 0084 END OF BASIC MEMORY and the cursor is positioned at the upper left 140 VARNAM 0092 VARIABLE NAME STORAGE hand corner of the contents display 150 VARPNT 0094 POINTER TO VARIABLE STORAGE Pressing the gt key brings up the next page 160 FORPNT S0096 PTR TO VAR FOR STORING of data from the file and the lt key brings 170 VARPTR 500 VARIABLE POINTER back the previous page The page number is 180 FACEXP 00AE F P EXPONENT also displayed so you know where you are 190 FACHI SOOAF F P ACC MSB Pressing Q stops the program and returns 200 FACMHI 500 0 ACC NMSB youto the main menu 210 FACMLO 00B1 ACC NLSB 220 FACLO 00B2 ACC
54. ough they may be a little bit difficult to find these days you should be able to locate a cabinet suitable for a single 8 drive You will then need to install a switch on the case which connects to the drive select jumper on the drive You will also need to connect a switch to the drive select jumpers on one of the 5 25 drives Both of the drives should be set up as drive number two You should mark the position of each switch to indicate which is selected If you accidentally leave both selected they will not work Conclusion At this time you can purchase the high density drives for about 150 00 each These will most likely drop to about 125 00 each in the next 6 months Remember these drives are usually identified as 1 2 megabyte drives for the IBM PC AT DO NOT get confused and purchase a 360K drive for the IBM PC AT Now you can enjoy the quietness and increased capacity of your new drives PEEK 65 December Page 13 50 8 34 INTERFACE CONNECTIONS 8 DISK CONNECTOR 2 22 DISK CONNECTOR LA ee ee eee eee SIDE SELECT uas 32 LO coeno ve HEAD GOAD ZU LNDEX 214 53 79 959 290899 78 8 ZL dua E READY x RECS aves 347 ZO 20 ZO Gusta ER Dol usw 12 30 d dcd Arr T 8 DGZ juve xau ie de Ae eae saa 1193 EC eee ee ee 6
55. r the particular user Still another way to get the client s attention is to dump a message to his line printer Please insert the OS 65U System Disk Thank you Please pick up the telephone etc PEEK 65 December Page 5 Add to Figure 3 if terminal used only provides momentary break Common Pin 7 uH All DB 25 Miniature 9V et Battery connectors Y figure 2 pe EX Phone COMPUTER Phone Figure 3a PEEK 65 December Page 6 Product Description Becterm Multi Micro R Systems We all know that Denver Boards Inc makes OSI compatible boards systems but did you know there was another company making boards that will run OS 65U Neither did until the company Becterm of Quebec Canada phoned to ask some questions recognized the name from the PEEK subscription list but had always assumed they were a dealer or some other computer related business was astounded to hear of what they had been doing They have line of muti user computers that use a proprietary operating system they call BMOS The BMOS environment allows several different operating systems to run on the system simultaneously OK l ve heard of that sort of thing before but this was the first time I d heard of one that also supported differring microprocessors As you might expect from the above specifications the Becterm systems give each user exclusive access to at least one proc
56. r OS 65D diskette They are written for my ASM Plus assembler so if you re using another assembler you ll have to copy the starting equates into DKED2 Both files will also have to have all cross references added if you re using a different assembler like the ones from OSI The idea behind this editor is very simple You select a file to edit and the program displays the contents of that file one page 256 bytes at a time on the screen You can page through the file to examine the contents or you can edit it There are two modes of editing supported You enter the hexadecimal value to insert at the cursor position or you can type in replacement ASCII characters for editing text The main reasonthe program is so large is because it contains all of the support for examining the directory track to locate files This code came from the directory printing program showed you last month Since being able to examine and or search disk directories is always a handy feature I left that part of the code intact when moved it The editor depends on a Hazeltine compatible console terminal Serial systems using other terminals will have to alter the code to reflect any differences between their terminal and a Hazeltine Video system owners are rather stuck unless they port the video driver from OS 65D V3 3 into OS 65U I ve done it but don t think there s any good way for meto write up the technique However if there is interest i
57. r you OK initialize First where does it live Well that depends upon your machine and where it thinks the CA 10 is located in memory In most cases it will be at CF00 or CEOO since two locations are used for each port the first being the Control Register where we tell it what to do and the second is the Data Register that actually passes the data in and out the first port might be at CFOO and CF01 the second at 02 and CFO03 etc So pick your port and then convert these hexadecimal values of the memory addresses to decimal so that we can POKE it In my case the Control Register for port 4 converts to 52998 Initialize at last The 6850 manual says to put ones CRO and CR1 Editor s Note that s bit zero and one to us mere mortals of the Control Hegister to reset the chip Some quick calculations will teil you that this value is 3 so POKE 52998 with 3 How to behave In the manual there are several tables listing various values for CRO through CR7 the eight bits of the byte you store in the Control Register to configure the 6850 After consulting the manual for the MSI modem or whatever you will hang on the port compare it s requirements for baud rate word length or number of data bits parity and number of stop bits with those in the 6850 manual to determine the value to POKE to the Control Register after you have reset it Remember that each of the eight bits has a meaning and must be s
58. rogram doesn t match that of the reader s it can still be a Godsend So send em in boys and girls We all depend on each other here In other news Paul Chidley and David Livesay are both very close to being able to announce their 65816 CPU boards soon as the details and prices are fixed I ll be announcing them here am confident that will happen next month DBI is producing their board now for the higher end users and hear that their doing well DBI has been hard at work on the software side for their implimentation Only time will tell if their efforts will benefit video system owners as well but am hopeful had a nice conversation with the Canadian firm of Becterm They have been associated with the OSI world for a December 1986 Volume 7 No 12 page 2 page 4 page 7 page 9 page 12 page 14 page 15 page 17 very long time although suspect most U S users and dealers aren t aware of them The article on page seven of this issue discusses some of their systems and what they ve been doing with them You dealers out there who need a multi user system with more capacity should certainly check out Becterm On the home front we have a lot of great stuff this month Former editor Eddie Gieske shows some of the pitfalls of using serial devices to enter data into your OSI George Jennings graciously donated a technique that solve a problem that know a lot of dealers have been struggling with how to
59. rsor is automatically moved to the next 410 FREFAC 1520 FIND STRING LOCATION amp LENGTH byte in the page When the end of the page is 420 GETBYT 1618 EVALUATE EXPRESSION 256 X REG reached the cursor is returned to the top of 430 GETVAR 1A9D PUT VARIABLE IN F P the same page Yes probably should have 440 FLOAT 51 44 CONVERT INTEGER TYPE written it to advance to the next page but 450 QUINT 1B96 CONVERT F P TO INTEGER didn t so that you could abort without making 460 ASCFP 1BEE CONVERT ASCII AT TXTPTR TO FP any changes you weren sure of In the 470 ASCII S1CEC CONVERT F P TO ASCII STRING editing mode you must press the lt 5 gt key 480 to stop editing and return to the next higher 490 OS 65U EXTERNALS level 500 510 DISCN 52668 CURRENT DRIVE That s all there is to it As I said its a simple 520 DUN 26A1 DISK UNIT CONTROL BLOCK program However there are a number of 530 DIRADR 26AB DIRECTORY DISK ADDR STORAGE things within the program worth examining 540 DIRSIZ 26AE DIRECTORY SIZE STORAGE closer 550 DIRBUF 26F2 DIRECTORY BUFFER 560 OUTCH 52808 OUTPUT CHARACTER IN First of all there is the interface to BASIC 570 GET 28E8 READ DISK where the machine code calculates what 580 PUT 28F3 WRITE TO DISK command you ve issued from the main menu 590 FLUSH 2C23 FLUSH SYSTEM DISK BUFFER CLOSE Naturally the USR X vectors pointing to the 600 OUFLAG 2DA6 CURRENT OUTPUT DEV
60. ss making listings of programs protected while being saved I m sure that you will agree that the purchaser of a program is entitled to a listing of the program Anyway l ve always read PEEK 65 with great interest and learned a great deal from it but haven t been able to contribute much Maybe in the area of conversions can Sincerely Name Withheld Dear Sir Thank you for your kind offer to help folks move their software to the OSI In most cases the OSI will run rings around IBM PC s BASIC I ve heard of people pitting the OSI against PC AT s too and the OSI held its own However am concerned about your proposal io share software Commercial programs are copyrighted material You cannot freely distribute copies of such programs You may sell the original program as you please although you would be obligated to destroy any additional copies of the software should you do so won t draw any crazy analogies between a book and a program The bottom ine is that its wrong to distribute copies of commercial software The authors of such software deserve to be paid by everyone who benefits from it also disagree that you have a right to the listing of any program that you purchase I m sure that you were never told the program came with a listing or that it would be unprotected when you bought it Chances are that the software came with a license agreement Whether or not that license is totally bindin
61. t Me D Figure 1 GND NC To hot side aJ of front panel Boot switch R 100K 1 4W sets time to reboot D 1N914 etc C 10 mfd 15VDC tantalum D is useful in cases where the dealer or his programmer may want to access his shop computer from a client location for look up or demonstration purposes or whatever The local dealer terminal monitors whatever is being sent out of the shop so if somebody starts rooting around in proprietary files the dealer operator can flip the switch and terminate the session If s a security watchdog feature Also handy to monitor the usage of dealer computer when leased or rented remotely to an outside user The stuff at the client end costs roughly 15 00 plus the cost of whatever modem is used The dealer end stuff might run 50 00 or so plus modem This sort of setup can pay for itself in travel time and extra please reboot the system phone calls in a fairly short time depending on how busy the shop is and how far away the clients are located Another useful idea for multi user systems at the client end if ge is in time share while the programmer is on line through the console port a little inter terminal communications program can be used to POKE messages from the programmer to specific time share user terminals for instructions etc In essence the program inputs a message character string and then POKEs it one character at a time to the ACIA port fo
62. tions Annuity II Mastermind Trig Tutor Powers will be made Bomber Loan Finance Star Trek Zulu 9 Stock Market Annuity I Math Intro Mathink Metric Tutor A C Control Blackjack High Noon Electronics Equ Star Wars Math Blitz Calendar Prgmbie Calc Checking Acct sargon Chess Software Extended Monitor Disk version for C8 C4 or specify Cassette version for all systems Regular 34 95 Sale Price 15 00 Regular 50 00 Cassette version for C8 C4 or C1 specify Regular 29 95 Sale Price 10 00 Sale Price 1 5 00 PEEK 65 December Page 8 Mortgages Discounted Mortgages the Annuity Equation by Dale King Box 419 Leonard TX 75452 Did you ever wonder how the monthly payment is determined on a fixed rate mortgage Have you noticed the growing classified ads under Mortgages For Sale How would we know how much to offer for these investment instruments in order to make them profitable to us Can use my OSI to analyze these instruments Yes of course Some terminology A note is merely a promise to pay a sequence of payments in the future possibly just one payment In the case of real estate a mortgage is a legal agreement that secures the note In some states this is called a deed of trust By an abuse of language we use these terms interchangably An annuity is merely a sequence of equal payments They could be monthly yearly or daily but they are equal It is not hard to see that a payme
63. ud rates listed It is imperative that the baud rate clock circuits to and from the toggle switch be run with shielded leads with the shields grounded The rise times on the clocks are sufficiently fast as to interact if you don t shield them This will cause the CPU boards to try to clock at some unpredictable baud rate and it won t work Meanwhile back at the dealer s site Figures 3A and 3B with a little help from Figure 2 as noted above provide 4 convenient modes of operation A is the normal setup at the shop Terminal talking to local computer B ties the local dealer terminal into the modem You have to switch terminal baud rates on the terminal to agree with the what the client and modems are set up to handle this mode the programmer can go on line with the remote client machine C with some software diddling to make the character transmission rate compatible with BASIC s somewhat slow internal housekeeping can be used to download files and programs directly from the dealer s computer to the remote client machine The remote machine will echo what its getting back to the dealer terminal This takes some attention to things like eliminating automatic linefeeds and other stuff which could be troublesome and won t get into all that This however will supply a hardware means to do it with the software details left up to programmers more clever than am DB 25s Console User Pin 3 Data Inpu
64. unused 1510 5 1 4 drive 75 5 monitor 50 parts for RS 232 and disc cable All for 250 Bob Oldham 344 White Oak Creek Road Burnsville NC 28714 Isotron OSI Work System 200 forty meg hard disk Terminal and Printer like new 3400 00 Cleveland 216 524 8686 or 216 467 2652 C3 system with four user memory paritions two SS floppy drives CD 74 hard disk serial and parallel printer ports two Hazeltine 1500 terminais lots of software Best offer Cail Ron in Denver at 303 771 6990 OSI boards cases power supplies disc drives and software for sale Send SASE for list and prices R Groome 824 West Main Street Richmond IN 47374 For Sale C3 S1 Hazeltine 1420 Remex 8 double sided floppies serial board 56K RAM extras Asking 600 00 Three 1 MHz 520 boards asking 50 470 parallel output board asking 35 Contact William Haas Box 361 Lowell OH 45744 614 896 2344 Increase storage capacity Introducing the DL Systems E 15 data separator motor control board With this board you can use any standard 5 25 drive to replace your mini floppy drives or use high density 5 25 drives to replace 8 drives The board comes completely assembled and tested A 34 pin connector with ejector clips for the disk drive cable is installed on the board All IC s are machined gold plated socket The board comes with an instruction manual describing how to install it and instructions for converting to 80 track usage
65. upport for clients who are located several miles the dealership Essentially it is a matter of going on line via modem with the customer s system saving travel time and expense for software fixes that would otherwise require atrip to the client site One of the first problems encountered is the fact that when a programmer is trying out a software fix and it doesn t work properly the machine often hangs going off into the woodwork requiring a reboot of the system can be a nuisance having to place a second phone call to the customer assuming he has a second phone line to get him to push the reset button Figure 1 a simple little 4 component circuit which allows a remote programmer working through the supervisory console 0 port to reboot the system by remote control Copyright 1986 PEEK 65 All rights reserved Published monthly Editor Richard L Trethewey Subscription Rates Air Surface US 22 Canada amp Mexico 1st class 30 Europe 42 40 Other Foreign 47 40 All subscriptions are for one year and are payable in advance in US dollars For back issues subscriptions or other information write to PEEK 65 P O Box 586 Pacifica CA 94044 415 359 5708 PEEK 65 December Page 4 2 It is a simple comparator and timer which monitors the RS 232 voltage at the console input to the computer This voltage regardless of whether it originates at a local terminal or a
66. wever stii have a soft spot for the OSI and am very interested in the project to upgrade to the 65C816 microprocessor Please tell us more about the new CPU board from Paul Chidley at TOSIE The closest OSI group is a two hour drive away from me and my family and schedule makes it very difficult to attend You asked for responses to the programming project for a new OS 65D Here are some of the items think should be addressed the new CPU should be driven at the highest practical speed The higher speed will allow better programs due to less restrictions in timing Aclock calendar should be included An ASCII encoded port for keyboards as well as an unencoded input would allow those with video machines to get right of the old unencoded keyboards An alternative to this is a small adapter board allowing the use of encoded keyboards Serial ports for printer and modem one of which should be RS 232 RS 422 compatible a disk controller compatible with single and double sided drives including 8 5 1 4 and 3 1 2 Hi res graphics and color At least 640x400 since that is becoming a standard Obviously we will need new memory cards for all this With the price of the 6264 static RAM chips down to about 3 00 a 256K card can be wired for less than 200 00 Software the memory map shoud allow at least 4 MB of contiguous memory for future expansion include a reserved area for disk buffers and RAM d

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