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Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server

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1. Identifies information that is specific to Dynamic Server and its editions However in some cases the identified section applies only to Informix Dynamic Server and not to Informix Dynamic Server Workgroup and Developer Editions Such information is clearly identified Identifies information that is specific to the UNIX platform D Identifies information that is specific to Informix Dynamic Server Workgroup and Developer Editions WIN NT Identifies information that is specific to the Windows NT environment These icons can apply to a row ina table one or more paragraphs or an entire section If an icon appears next to a section heading the information that applies to the indicated feature product or platform ends at the next heading at the same or higher level A symbol indicates the end of the feature product or platform specific information that appears within a table or a set of paragraphs within a section Introduction 9 Command Line Conventions Compliance Icons Compliance icons indicate paragraphs that provide guidelines for complying with a standard Icon Description ANSI Identifies information that is specific to an ANSI compliant database XO Identifies functionality that conforms to X Open These icons can apply to a row in a table one or more paragraphs or an entire section If an icon appears next to a section heading the compliance infor mation ends at the next heading at
2. Warm restore complete The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 37 Cold Restore Sequence Cold Restore Sequence If the server is off line you must perform a cold restore Figure 1 13 on page 1 38 describes the ON Bar cold restore sequence In a cold restore ON Bar salvages the logical logs if necessary and uses the backup emergency boot file to determine what backups are required For each storage space ON Bar restores the last level 0 backup then the level 1 backup if it exists and the level 2 backup if it exists Finally it backs up the logical logs and then restores them Figure 1 13 ON Bar Cold Restore Process Salvage logs Parallel Create onbar_d child process for each storage space Restore ae spaces Restore o spaces serially in parallel Logical restore Cold restore complete 1 38 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores For speed and efficiency ON Bar can perform parallel backups and restores For example ON Bar can back up multiple storage spaces at a time However you might want to back up or restore data serially When ON Bar receives a request it determines how many objects are involved If the request involves more than one object ON Bar creates a new onbar_d process for each object up to the limit that you specified in the BAR_MAX_BACKUP configuration para
3. Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Informix Dynamic Server Informix Dynamic Server Developer Edition Informix Dynamic Server Workgroup Edition Version 7 3 February 1998 Part No 000 4346 Published by INFORMIX Press Informix Software Inc 4100 Bohannon Drive Menlo Park CA 94025 1032 Copyright 1981 1998 by Informix Software Inc or its subsidiaries provided that portions may be copyrighted by third parties as set forth in documentation All rights reserved The following are worldwide trademarks of Informix Software Inc or its subsidiaries registered in the United States of America as indicated by and in numerous other countries worldwide Answers OnLine INFORMIX Informix Ilustra C ISAM DataBlade Dynamic Server Gateway NewEra All other names or marks may be registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners Documentation Team Twila Booth Jennifer Leland Karen Goldman Smith RESTRICTED RIGHTS SPECIAL LICENSE RIGHTS Software and documentation acquired with US Government funds are provided with rights as follows 1 if for civilian agency use with Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52 227 19 2 if for Dept of Defense use with rights as restricted by vendor s standard license unless superseded by negotiated vendor license as prescribed in DFAR 227 7202 Any whole or partial reproduction of software or documentation marked with this legend
4. You should back up logical logs as soon as they fill so that you can reuse them For information about logical log backups see What Is a Logical Log Backup on page 1 14 m The ISM catalog which contains information about backed up data The ISM catalog is under INFORMIXDIR ism on UNIX and ISMDIR on Windows NT 1 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX What Else Needs to be Backed Up What Else Needs to be Backed Up ON Bar backups safeguard your data They do not replace normal operating system backups of important configuration files Important For use in an emergency you should have a backup copy of the current version of the following administrative files You will need to restore these files if you need to replace disks or if you restore to a second computer system imported restore The administrative files are as follows m The ONCONFIG file m The oncfg files INFORMIXDIR etc oncfg_servername servernum UNIX INFORMIXDIR etc oncfg_servername servernum Windows NT m The sqlhosts file m TEXT and BYTE data in blobspaces that are stored on optical platters that Optical Subsystem manages m Any files that the storage manager requires including sm_versions For more information see your storage manager documentation Storage manager configuration and data files UNIX and Windows NT operating system and data files m The emergency boot file ixbar servernum Although ON
5. or compliance specific information This symbol indicates a menu item For example Choose ToolsOptions means choose the Options item from the Tools menu Tip When you are instructed to enter characters or to execute a command immediately press RETURN after you type the indicated information on your keyboard When you are instructed to type the text or to press other keys you do not need to press RETURN Introduction 7 Icon Conventions Icon Conventions Throughout the documentation you will find text that is identified by several different types of icons This section describes these icons Comment Icons Comment icons identify warnings important notes or tips This information is always displayed in italics Icon Description The warning icon identifies vital instructions cautions or j critical information The important icon identifies significant information about the feature or operation that is being described The tip icon identifies additional details or shortcuts for the functionality that is being described 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Icon Conventions Feature Product and Platform Icons Feature product and platform icons identify paragraphs that contain feature specific product specific or platform specific information o o 5 GLS Description Identifies information that relates to the Informix GLS feature
6. ISM will provide a simple backup and restore The ISM server is installed with the Informix database server on UNIX or Windows NT The ISM Administrator is installed with Informix Enterprise Command Center on Windows NT or Windows 95 General background information about how ON Bar and the storage manager work together appears in Chapter 1 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 3 Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server To plan for adequate backup protection for your data analyze your Dynamic Server configuration and activity and the types of backup media available at your installation Also decide whether to use ISM or a third party storage manager Analyzing Your Database Server System Evaluate the following database server and hardware configuration elements to determine which storage manager and storage devices to use Also determine the number of storage devices that you need m The number of I O virtual processors and the speed of the disks where storage spaces and logical logs are stored Because Dynamic Server uses I O virtual processors ON Bar throughput depends in part on whether I O virtual processors are available for it m The amount of memory available and the distribution of processor activity To calculate the amount of memory that each onbar_d process requires use the followi
7. If you perform a point in time restore enter the date and time in the format specified in the GL_DATETIME environment variable if it is set Point in Time Restore Example For example the default date and time format for the French locale fr_fr 8859 1 uses the format A 1d B iY H M S The ON Bar command for a point in time restore is as follows onbar r t Lundi 9 Juin 1997 11 20 14 You can set GL_DATETIME to a different date and time format that uses the date month two digit year hours minutes and seconds 1d B iy 2H M S The ON Bar command for a point in time restore is as follows onbar r t 9 Juin 97 11 20 14 Tip For more information on how to use GLS and the GL_LDATE and GL_DATETIME environment variables refer to the Informix Guide to GLS Functionality ON Bar GLS Support B 3 Index A Activity log ON Bar completion messages 3 13 error messages A 1 overview 1 9 Administrative files backing up 1 11 restoring 3 14 3 21 Administrative tasks synchronizing backup with 3 4 ALARMPROGRAM 3 12 4 5 ANSI compliance icon Intro 10 level Intro 17 Automatic backups See Continuous log backup Backup checking data consistency 3 7 defined 1 10 3 7 examples 3 10 external 3 24 files not backed up by ON Bar 1 11 incremental example of 3 10 ISM catalog 3 10 levels described 1 12 logical log 1 14 3 11 to 3 13 parallel or serial 1 39 planning 2 4 salvaging logs 1 20 saving
8. Specifies the time of the last trans Use this option to restore the databases to an earlier action to be restored from the state You can use point in time restore in a cold logical logs in a cold restore restore only You must restore all storage spaces How you enter the time depends on your current GLS locale convention If the GLS locale is not set use English style date format See Performing a Point in Time External Restore on page 3 27 p Specifies a physical restore only This option must be followed by a logical restore before data is accessible This option turns off log salvage during a cold restore f filew_names Restores the dbspaces or Use this option to avoid entering a long list of blobspaces that are listed one per dbspaces or blobspaces every time that you use this line in the text file whose option The filename can be any valid UNIX or pathname file_w_names provides Windows NT filename dbspace_list Names one or more dbspaces or If you do not enter dbspace_list or f file_w_names blobspaces to be restored ON Bar restores all storage spaces including the critical dbspaces If you enter more than one storage space name use a space to separate the names Examples of External Restore Commands The following sections contain external restore examples Performing a Complete External Restore To restore the chunk files for all the storage spaces and the logical logs use the following command
9. This locale supports U S English format conventions for dates times and currency In addition this locale supports the ISO 8859 1 code set which includes the ASCII code set plus many 8 bit characters such as and If you plan to use nondefault characters in your data or your SQL identifiers or if you want to conform to the nondefault collation rules of character data you need to specify the appropriate nondefault locale For instructions on how to specify a nondefault locale additional syntax and other considerations related to GLS locales see the Informix Guide to GLS Functionality 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Demonstration Database Demonstration Database The DB Access utility which is provided with your Informix database server products includes a demonstration database called stores7 that contains information about a fictitious wholesale sporting goods distributor You can use SQL scripts provided with DB Access to derive a second database called sales_demo This database illustrates a dimensional schema for data warehousing applications Sample command files are also included for creating and populating these databases Many examples in Informix manuals are based on the stores7 demonstration database The stores7 database is described in detail and its contents are listed in the Informix Guide to SQL Reference The scripts that you use to install the demonstration databases
10. onbar r e 3 26 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore Performing a Physical External Restore of All Storage Spaces A physical external restore onbar r e p of all storage spaces is like a whole system physical restore onbar r w p If you backed up all the storage spaces at once you can restore them without also having to restore the logical logs To restore all storage spaces use the following command onbar r e p If you created several backups of selected storage spaces you must restore both the storage spaces and the logical logs To restore all the storage spaces and logical logs use the following commands onbar r e p onbar r 1 Performing an External Restore of Selected Storage Spaces To restore selected storage spaces and logical logs use the following command onbar r e lt dbspace_list gt To restore selected storage spaces only use the following commands onbar r e p lt dbspace_list gt onbar r 1 Performing a Point in Time External Restore Be sure to select a backup from before the specified time To perform a point in time external restore use the following command onbar r e t lt date_time gt Using ON Bar 3 27 Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore UNIX WIN NT External Backup and Restore Procedure The database server must be on line or in quiescent mode during an external bac
11. using LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 12 Importing a restore 1 23 Incremental backup example 3 10 Industry standards compliance with Intro 17 Informix Enterprise Command Center See IECC Informix Storage Manager backup requests 3 8 configuring 2 9 ISM catalog 1 10 3 10 overview 1 6 requirements 2 7 INFORMIXDIR bin directory Intro 5 INFORMIXSQLHOSTS 5 8 ISM Administrator Devices window 3 8 3 22 Volume Inventory 3 21 ISM catalog backing up 3 10 directory path 1 10 ISMData volume pool 2 10 ISMLogs volume pool 2 10 ism_catalog command 3 10 3 21 ISM_COMPRESSION environment variable for ON Bar 4 13 ISM_DATA_POOL configuration parameter 2 10 4 12 ISM_ENCRYPTION environment variable for ON Bar 4 13 ISM_LOG_POOL configuration parameter 2 10 4 12 ism_startup command 5 6 ism_watch command 3 22 ISO 8859 1 code set Intro 4 ixbar See Emergency boot file L Level 0 1 and 2 backups described 1 13 LIBPATH environment variable 2 13 Locale Intro 4 B 1 Logical log automatic backup 4 5 blobspace issues 1 19 checking available space 3 6 completion messages 3 13 continuous backup ALARMPROGRAM 3 12 examples 3 11 LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 12 setting 1 18 determining backed up status 1 16 manual backup 1 18 3 12 purpose of 1 14 restoring example of 3 18 salvaging defined 1 20 example 3 21 saving backups of 1 18 structure defined 1 14 temp space usage 1 23 when to back up 1 16 Logical restore See Re
12. Even with Logging Turned Off Even if you do not specify logging for databases logical logs still contain administrative information such as checkpoint records and additions and deletions of chunks Important You must back up logical logs even though you are not using logging for your databases because you must restore logical logs after restoring storage spaces When Should You Back Up Logical Log Files Informix recommends that you back up each logical log file as soon as it fills To back up filled logical log files enter the backup command manually or configure ON Bar to back them up automatically as they fill If you do not want to monitor the logical log files use continuous automatic logical log backups Dynamic Server reuses logical log files to minimize the amount of disk space required for logging transactions After ON Bar backs up a logical log file the database server frees the logical log file so that it can be overwritten with new transaction information For a complete description of the logical log see your Administrator s Guide 1 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What Is a Logical Log Backup Monitoring Logical Logs To find out if a logical log file is ready to be backed up check the flags field of onstat 1 When the flags field displays either of the following values the logical log file is ready to be backed up U at ats as U L U C L The value U means that the l
13. Parameters ALARMPROGRAM Ia BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_BSALIB_PATH BAR_MAX_BACKUP BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT BAR_RETRY BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE LOG_BACKUP_MODE LTAPEDEV RESTARTABLE_RESTORE Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM 4 5 4 5 4 7 4 8 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 10 4 11 4 12 4 13 4 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX his chapter describes the ON Bar configuration parameters Be sure to configure your storage manager Depending on the storage manager that you choose you might have to configure your storage manager but you might not have to set the ON Bar configuration parameters Before you start ON Bar see Default ON Bar and Storage Manager Configuration on page 2 11 Setting ON Bar Configuration Parameters You can set the following ON Bar configuration parameters in the ONCONFIG file Important Do not change the BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE configuration parameter between the backup and restore of data However you can change the following configuration parameters between a backup and restore BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_RETRY BAR_MAX_BACKUP BAR_BSALIB_PATH and BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT Parameter Purpose ALARMPROGRAM Automatically backs up logical logs when they become full if not using IECC BAR_ACT_LOG Specifies the location of the ON Bar activity log file BAR_BSALIB_PATH Specifies the path of the storage manager library
14. Restore Database demonstration Intro 5 Database server blocking 3 24 requirements 2 4 setting mode 1 24 upgrading 2 15 DBSERVERNAME 5 8 Default locale Intro 4 Demonstration database Intro 5 Documentation conventions command line Intro 10 icon Intro 8 typographical Intro 7 Documentation notes Intro 15 Documentation notes program item Intro 15 Documentation types of documentation notes Intro 15 error message files Intro 14 machine notes Intro 15 on line manuals Intro 13 printed manuals Intro 13 related reading Intro 16 release notes Intro 15 E Emergency boot file how used 5 10 ixbar 5 10 overview 1 9 Environment variables GL_DATE B 3 GL_DATETIME B 3 INFORMIXSQLHOSTS 5 8 ISM_COMPRESSION 4 13 ISM_DATA_POOL 2 10 ISM_ENCRYPTION 4 13 ISM_LOG_POOL 2 10 LIBPATH 2 13 en_us 8859 1 locale Intro 4 B 1 Error message files Intro 14 External backup and restore backup syntax 3 24 examples 3 26 overview 1 31 to 1 33 procedure 3 28 restore syntax 3 25 tracking backup objects 1 33 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server F Feature icons Intro 9 Files comprising logical log 1 14 emergency boot 5 10 not backed up by ON Bar 1 11 finderr utility Intro 14 A 1 G Global Language Support GLS Intro 4 B 1 GL_DATE environment variable B 3 GL_DATETIME environment variable B 3 Icons comment Intro 8 compliance Intro 10 feature Intro 9 platform Intro 9 product Intro 9 TECC using BAR 3 3
15. To block the database server from accepting user transactions use the following command onmode c block 3 24 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore Unblocking the Database Server To unblock the database server and allow user transactions to resume use the following command onmode c unblock Rules for Doing an External Backup Keep the following rules in mind when doing external backups a Wait until all backup sessions have completed before you block the database server If any backup sessions are active the block command will display an error message m Any OLTP work or queries are suspended while the database server is blocked They will resume after the database server is unblocked m Because the external backup is outside of the control of ON Bar you must keep track of what was backed up For more information see Tracking External Backup Objects on page 1 33 Warning External backups apply to storage spaces only Use onbar I to back up logical logs Performing an External Restore The following diagram shows the syntax of the external restore command External ee ac T p t time f file_w_names dbspace_list Using ON Bar 3 25 Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore Element Purpose Key Considerations Specifies a restore None Specifies an external restore Must be used with the r option
16. Warm Restore e OY Critical dbspaces Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 Io 0 Transactions SELECT Logical log backup media 1 24 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Logical log backup media Setting the Server Mode for a Restore The Server Mode for a Cold Restore A cold restore requires that the database server be in off line mode A cold restore consists of a logical log file salvage one or more physical restores and a logical restore In a cold restore you must restore all critical dbspaces If a critical dbspace goes down you must perform a cold restore The critical dbspaces are as follows m The root dbspaces m The dbspaces that contain the physical log m Any dbspace that contains a logical log file Tip If you mirror the critical dbspaces you can avoid having to perform a cold restore As Figure 1 6 shows you can restore all the storage spaces that Dynamic Server manages with one physical restore and one logical restore You might want to perform a cold restore followed by a warm restore For more infor mation see Performing a Mixed Restore on page 1 28 Figure 1 6 Dbspace backup tapes Cold Restore fo N Critical dbspaces Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 J 0O Q a ae Transactions SELECT The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 2
17. a backup session ON Bar requests the contents of storage spaces and logical logs from the database server and passes them to the storage manager The storage manager stores the data on storage devices For a restore session ON Bar requests the backed up data from the storage manager and restores it on the database server Informix Storage Manager ON Bar is packaged with Informix Storage Manager ISM However you can purchase a third party storage manager if you prefer You must use a storage manager to perform ON Bar backups and restores In the ON Bar backup and restore system the storage manager is an application that manages the storage devices and media that contain backups The storage manager handles media labeling mount requests and storage volumes 1 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Third Party Storage Managers The ISM server resides on the same computer as ON Bar and the Informix database server your storage devices are attached to this computer as well ISM can store data on simple tape drives optical disk devices and file systems ISM also performs the following functions Configures up to four storage devices Adds changes and deletes administrative users Labels and mounts storage volumes on your storage devices Manages storage volumes Compresses and decompresses data Encrypts and decrypts data For information on how to set up a storage manager see Chapter 2 Setting Up ON Bar
18. a consistent point the restore will fail Keep logical log file backups until you are sure that you do not need them to complete a restore from a storage space backup At a minimum keep all logical log backups from just before the most recent level 0 physical backup to the present If your storage manager allows you to copy or clone objects after they are backed up Informix suggests that you make a second copy of each logical log backup 1 18 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What Is a Logical Log Backup If you mirror the root dbspace and logical log spaces you are less likely to have to perform a cold restore after a disk failure because you can recover the critical data from the mirrored storage space In addition if you mirror the logical log spaces you are more likely to be able to salvage logical log data after a disk failure Using Blobspace Data with Transaction Logging Remember the following two points if you use blobspace data in a database that uses transaction logging m To ensure timely reuse of blobpages back up the logical log files When users delete TEXT and BYTE data in blobspaces the blobpages are not freed for reuse until the log file that contains the delete records is freed To free the log file you must back it up m Ifa blobspace that needs to be backed up is unavailable during a logical log backup it is impossible to recover the TEXT and BYTE data that it contains Howeve
19. backups Configuring ON Bar 4 7 BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT default value 10 units Buffers range of values 3 to unlimited takes effect When onbar starts The BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT configuration parameter specifies the number of data buffers that each onbar_d process can use to exchange data with Dynamic Server The value of this parameter affects onbar performance For example if you set BAR_MAX_BACKUP to 5 and BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT to 5 and subsequently issue 5 onbar commands the resulting 25 child ON Bar processes will use a total of 125 buffers BAR_RETRY default value 1 range of values BAR_ABORT 0 BAR_CONT 1 or n takes effect When onbar starts The BAR_RETRY configuration parameter specifies how many times onbar should retry a data backup logical log backup or restore operation if the first attempt fails The setting of the BAR_RETRY parameter determines onbar behavior in the following ways m If set to BAR_ABORT onbar aborts the backup or restore attempt when an error occurs returns an error and quits m If set to BAR_CONT onbar aborts the backup or restore attempt for that particular storage space returns an error and attempts to back up or restore any storage spaces that remain m Ifset to a specific number n onbar attempts to back up or restore this storage space the specified number of times before it gives up and moves on to the next one 4 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix D
20. data from mirrored disks to another location and then swap these disks back to their original locations when you need to restore the data However you are not required to use mirroring for external backups and restores Figure 1 9 shows how an external backup and restore moves the data directly between the storage spaces on disk and the storage media You must back up and restore all storage spaces together Figure 1 9 y External Backup and 0 Storage Spaces Backup media What is Backed Up in an External Backup You can choose whether to back up specific storage spaces or all storage spaces in an external backup If you back up a storage space make sure to include the files for all the chunks in the storage space You can also include administrative files such as ONCONFIG and the emergency boot file in an external backup An external backup of all storage spaces is equivalent to a whole system level 0 backup You cannot perform an external backup and then use ON Bar to perform a level 1 backup or vice versa An external backup does not back up the logical logs If you want to back up the logical logs you must use onbar l The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 31 What is Restored in an External Restore In an external backup a checkpoint is taken and then the database server is blocked All work that attempts to change data is suspended Work automat ically resumes when the externa
21. data in case you need to revert to the old database server version Also back up the administrative files before you upgrade see What Else Needs to be Backed Up on page 1 11 Do not try to restore these backups to the newer version of the database server Backups that you make under the older version of the database server are not compatible with the newer version of the database server After you upgrade the database server back up all storage spaces and logical logs and recopy the administrative files Also do not use ON Bar to migrate the data from one backup storage device to another Use one of the migration utilities that the Informix Migration Guide documents Important You also need to re create the sysutils database if you are upgrading to Dynamic Server Version 7 3 from any earlier version Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 15 Using ON Bar Preparing for a Backup Installing and Configuring a Storage Manager Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Ensuring That You Have Enough Logical Log Space Copying Database Server Configuration Information Verifying Database Integrity Verifying the Database Server Mode Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Backing Up Storage Spaces Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands Performing an Incremental Backup Performing a Complete Backup of Specified Storage Spaces A Backing Up a Li
22. determine the number of storage devices that you need m What kind of storage devices do you need The transaction volume and the size of your database are major factors in determining the kind of storage devices that you need ISM supports simple tape devices such as QIC 4mm 8mm DLT optical devices and hard drive backups ISM does not support tape libraries jukeboxes and storage devices that automatically change the backup tapes If ISM cannot manage the storage devices that you need you need to purchase a different storage manager For further information on the storage devices that ISM supports see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide m What is the availability requirement for each device Is it important for your storage devices to allow random as well as sequential access If so you cannot use tape storage devices m How many storage devices do you need ISM supports up to four devices per host The number of storage devices that you need depends on the kind of storage devices you have how much transaction activity occurs on the database server how fast throughput is how much time you can allow for backups and other similar factors 2 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager Follow the instructions in the storage manager documentation to install and configure the storage mana
23. exists and that its permis sions are correct For details see your Administrator s Guide ERROR Unable to set INFORMIXSHMBASE Unable to attach to shared memory Contact your database administrator Shared memory not initialized for INFORMIXSERVER servername Database server is not running Start up a database server Running as Informix for testing ERROR Must be user root or informix Only users informix and root are allowed to execute ON Bar Log in as informix or root before you attempt the backup restore or database logging mode change ON Bar Messages A 5 ON Bar Messages 43019 43020 43021 43022 43023 43024 43025 43026 43027 43028 43029 ERROR User is not a member of the Informix Admin group Only users listed in the Informix Admin Group are allowed to execute ON Bar Ask your system administrator to add your user name to the Informix Admin Group ERROR Unable to set process group ID ERROR Unrecognized command command Unable to open file filename The file or its directory permissions prevent it from being created or opened Verify the permissions on the file and its directory ERROR Invalid serial number Please consult Installation Instructions WARNING Unable to read backup level defaulting to level 0 The backup level entered on the command line is not valid Verify that the backup level is correct and retry the command WARNING Unable to read logical log ID The logica
24. logical log backups 1 18 sequence 1 34 storage manager installation 3 4 syntax 3 8 See also Continuous log backup Storage spaces Whole system backup bar_action catalog table 5 3 BAR_ACT_LOG 4 5 A 2 BAR_BSALIB_PATH 2 12 4 6 bar_instance catalog table 5 4 BAR_MAX_BACKUP 1 34 4 7 BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT 4 8 bar_object catalog table 5 7 BAR_RETRY 4 8 bar_server catalog table 5 8 bar_version catalog table 2 13 5 5 BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE 4 9 bldutil in3 file 2 14 Blobspaces availability for backing up 1 19 optical platters 1 11 Blocking database server 3 24 c Child processes 1 34 Client locale B 1 Cold restore defined 1 4 example of 1 26 3 21 sequence 1 38 setting mode for 1 26 See also Restore Command line conventions elements of Intro 11 example diagram Intro 12 how to read Intro 12 Comment icons Intro 8 Compliance icons Intro 10 Compliance with industry standards Intro 17 Configuration parameters ALARMPROGRAM 3 12 4 5 BAR_ACT_LOG 4 5 A 2 BAR_BSALIB_PATH 2 12 4 6 BAR_MAX_BACKUP 1 34 4 7 BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT 4 8 BAR_RETRY 4 8 BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE 4 9 LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 12 4 10 LTAPEDEV 4 10 ON Bar 4 3 to 4 12 ON_RECVRY_THREADS 1 22 overview 4 3 RESTARTABLE_RESTORE 3 22 4 11 TAPEDEV 4 4 Configuring ISM 2 9 third party storage manager 2 9 Continuous log backup specifying 1 18 3 12 using ALARMPROGRAM 4 5 cron command 1 6 D Data consistency verifying 3 7 Data recovery defined 1 3 See also
25. must reproduce the legend ii Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Chapter 1 Table of Contents Introduction About This Manual Types of Users i Software Dependencies Assumptions About Your Locale Demonstration Database New Features Z Documentation Conventions Typographical Conventions Icon Conventions Command Line Conventie Additional Documentation On Line Manuals Printed Manuals On Line Help Error Message Files Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes Related Reading het Compliance with Industry e dards Informix Welcomes Your Comments The ON Bar Backup and Restore System What Is ON Bar The ON Bar Utility Suite Database Server and Storage Manager Communication Informix Storage Manager Third Party Storage eae The XBSA Interface The ON Bar Tables The Emergency Boot File The ON Bar Activity Log ND OFF OP B WW 1 3 1 6 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 8 1 9 1 9 What Is an ON Bar Backup Ed eb eee oh Si 3 delO What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up zoui agian EO What Else Needs to be Backed Up LA What Is a Whole System Backup 1 12 What Is a Storage Space Backup 1 12 What Is a Logical Log Backup A What Is an ON Bar Restore eee 1 20 What is a Physical Restore LA What is a Logical Restore 3 most J het 21422 When Should You
26. or are worried about the stability of your system set the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE configuration parameter to ON and start your restore If the restore fails because the database server or ON Bar fails or the storage media is unreadable issue the onbar RESTART command to restart the restore For information on how to do a restartable restore see Recovering Data Using Restartable Restore on page 3 22 Although a restartable restore makes the logical restore run more slowly it saves you a lot of time if something goes wrong and you need to restart Restartable restore does not affect the speed of the physical restore Important When RESTARTABLE_RESTORE is set to OFF any restore that you perform is not restartable The RESTART option will not work If the restore fails you will have to start it from the beginning 1 30 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What is an External Backup or Restore What is an External Backup or Restore An external backup allows you to make copies of disks that contain storage spaces dbspaces blobspaces and chunks outside of the database server Later on you can use an external restore to restore these disks to the database server without moving any data through ON Bar XBSA the database server or the storage manager If you use disk mirroring external backups and restores are fast because no copying is required This feature is especially useful if your site can copy the
27. the same amount of time although incre mental backups use fewer tapes Restoring storage spaces from incremental backups however is much faster than restoring from a level 0 backup and logical log backups because transactions in the logical logs must be interpreted as they are applied to the physically restored database files m The length of time users are interrupted during backups and restores You can perform ON Bar backups and warm restores without shutting down the database server and interrupting end users Performance in a cold restore is important because it requires shutting down the database server Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 5 Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices m The number and size of logical logs If you need to restore data from a database server with very little transaction activity define many small logical logs The logical log restore time is faster with many small logical logs You are less likely to lose data because of infrequent logical log backups m The type of restores whether storage space or whole system The way that you structure your database determines what type of restore to use When you design your database server schema you should isolate critical databases and tables in specific storage spaces and isolate data that users access frequently Mirror critical data to avoid having to do cold restores m The backup schedule Not all storage spaces need to be includ
28. the same or higher level A symbol indicates the end of compliance information that appears in a table row or a set of paragraphs within a section Command Line Conventions This section defines and illustrates the format of commands that are available in Informix products These commands have their own conventions which might include alternative forms of a command required and optional parts of the command and so forth Each diagram displays the sequences of required and optional elements that are valid in a command A diagram begins at the upper left corner with a command It ends at the upper right corner with a vertical line Between these points you can trace any path that does not stop or back up Each path describes a valid form of the command You must supply a value for words that are in italics 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Command Line Conventions You might encounter one or more of the following elements on a command line path Element command Description This required element is usually the product name or other short word that invokes the product or calls the compiler or preprocessor script for a compiled Informix product It might appear alone or precede one or more options You must spell a command exactly as shown and use lowercase letters variable A word in italics represents a value that you must supply such as a database file or program name A table foll
29. then perform a single logical restore Keep in mind however that before users can access data you must perform a physical restore and then a logical restore Tip For faster performance in a restore assign separate storage devices for backing up storage spaces and logical logs If physical and logical backups are mixed together on the storage device it takes longer to scan the tape during a restore n last_log_number t time es Purpose Specifies a restore RESTART f file_w_names dbspace_list Key Considerations None Specifies a restore of on line storage spaces This option re creates missing chunk files in a warm or cold restore You can use the O option with the w p t or f options or a list of dbspace names If you specify the l or n options with O they are ignored If you dropped a storage space or chunk file before starting the restore you cannot recreate the chunk n last_log_number Indicates the number of the last log to restore If any logs exist after this one ON Bar does not restore them l Specifies a logical restore only Restores and rolls forward the logical logs 3 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server The logical restore applies only to those storage spaces that have already been physically restored 1 of 2 Element Purpose Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Key Considerations Speci
30. use IECC to turn on continuous logical log backups it sets the LOG_BACKUP_MODE configuration parameter to a value of CONT When you use IECC to turn off continuous logical log backups it sets LOG_BACKUP_MODE to a value of MANUAL For more information see LOG_BACKUP_MODE on page 4 10 or your Administrator s Guide Using ALARMPROGRAM to Set the Log Backup Mode If you are not using IECC you need to set the ALARMPROGRAM configu ration parameter to INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh for continuous backups or to INFORMIXDIR etc no_log sh for manual backups If you do not set ALARMPROGRAM or if you set it to INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh ON Bar performs automatic backups of your logical logs Every time the database server fills a logical log file an event alarm is triggered The event alarm in turn calls ON Bar which backs up the full logical log file To disable automatic backups that event alarms trigger set ALARMPROGRAM to INFORMIXDIR etc no_log sh or any value other than INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh Remember if you turn automatic backups off it is your responsibility to initiate manual backups of the logical logs as they fill For more information see ALARMPROGRAM on page 4 5 Performing a Manual Backup of Logical Logs If you set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to MANUAL or ALARMPROGRAM to no_log sh you must initiate a logical log backup manually To back up filled logical log files manually use the onbar 1 command as the following
31. 5 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore Dynamic Server is off line when you begin a cold restore but it goes in recovery mode after the reserved pages of the root dbspace are restored After the reserved pages are restored the database server stays in recovery mode until the logical restore is complete after which it is in quiescent mode Use the onmode command to change the server mode You usually need to salvage the logical logs before starting a cold restore to avoid losing logical logs that you have not backed up The logical log restore that takes place during a cold restore uses the same disk space to sort logical logs that is used for the logical log files during normal database server processing For this reason a physical restore overwrites the data in the logical log files For information on how to avoid overwriting leftover logical log files see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 20 Performing a cold restore 1 Ifthe files in INFORMIXDIR were destroyed re copy the ONCONFIG sqlhosts UNIX only emergency boot file and oncfg files to their original locations However if you did the cold restore because a critical dbspace was lost you do not need to re copy these files 2 Start with a logical log salvage ON Bar automatically salvages the logical logs unless you plan to specify a physical restore only You also must salvage the logical logs if the media has been destroyed 3 Perform a physical resto
32. 57 43058 43059 43060 43061 43062 43063 43064 43065 43066 ERROR Unable to commit the restore dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Unable to start the physical restore dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Cannot warm restore critical media dbspace_name User wishes to stop the restore at a logical log that is too early A dbspace or blobspace backup occurred after the log that the user specified Retry the restore up to the specified logical log or later WARNING All DB blobspaces are on line so no restore is needed WARNING Exceeded maximum allowed buffer size Changing buffer size to buffersize Begin cold level restore_level restore dbspace_name blobspace_name Completed cold level restore_level restore dbspace_name blobspace_name Begin simulated backup Completed simulated backup Begin level backup_level backup dbspace_name blobspace_name Completed level backup_level backup dbspace_name blobspace_name Begin salvage of logical logs Completed salvage of logical logs Begin warm level restore_level restore dbspace_name blobspace_name Completed warm level restore_level restore dbspace_name blobspace_name Begin backup logical log logical_log_filename Completed backup logical log logical_log_filename Begin restore logical log logical_log_ filename Completed restore logical log logical_log filename Successfully connected to Storage Manager Process process_ID successfully forked Process process_ID compl
33. 7 example of 3 19 B 3 Printed manuals Intro 13 Processes ON Bar 1 34 Product icons Intro 9 Program group Documentation notes Intro 15 Release notes Intro 15 R Related reading Intro 16 Release notes Intro 15 Release notes program item Intro 15 Replaying logs 1 15 1 22 Index 3 RESTART option 1 30 3 17 Restartable restore example 3 23 overview 1 28 to 1 30 usage 3 22 RESTARTABLE_RESTORE 3 22 4 11 Restore cold description 1 25 example of 1 26 3 21 setting mode for 1 26 defined 1 23 examples 3 18 to 3 21 external 3 25 to 3 29 importing 1 23 logical example 3 18 usage 1 22 1 23 off line storage spaces 1 27 on line spaces 3 20 parallel or serial 1 39 physical 1 21 1 23 point in time example 3 19 B 3 preparation for 1 20 restartable 3 22 to 3 23 selected spaces example 3 19 syntax 3 16 warm described 1 24 examples of 3 18 setting mode 1 24 rofferr command A 1 Shared library XBSA default location 2 12 specifying location 2 12 4 6 sm_versions file 2 13 5 6 Software dependencies Intro 4 sqlhosts file copying 1 11 3 6 server name 5 8 Storage devices backups 3 16 continuous log backups 3 11 ISM volume pools 3 8 3 22 requirements 2 8 Storage manager pre backup requirement 3 4 requirements 2 6 role in ON Bar system 1 6 Storage spaces backing up 1 12 3 8 defined 1 4 off line restoring 1 27 on line restoring 3 20 restartable restore 3 23 restoring 3 15 3 18 3 19 stores7 database Intro 5
34. Bar does not back up the following files ON Bar automatically re creates them during a restore You do not need to make backup copies of these files m The dbspace pages that are allocated to the database server but that are not yet allocated to a tblspace extent Mirror chunks if the corresponding primary chunks are accessible Temporary dbspaces During a backup if ON Bar encounters a dbspace or blobspace that is down it skips that storage space and writes a message to the activity log Warning You cannot back up storage spaces that ON Bar skips However you can restore these storage spaces from older backups if they were backed up at least once The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 11 What Is a Whole System Backup What Is a Whole System Backup A whole system backup is a backup of all storage spaces and logical logs after a single checkpoint ON Bar backs up storage spaces and logical logs serially during a whole system backup The advantage of using a whole system backup is that you can use it to restore storage spaces only What Is a Storage Space Backup A storage space backup is a backup of one or more selected storage spaces or all storage spaces A storage space backup copies the tables and indexes in each specified storage space so that they can be restored later to the state they were in at the time that the backup began You can specify a physical backup that backs up just the storage spaces or that backs up bot
35. Ge 3920 External Backup and Restore Procedure 3 28 Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISMCommands ok ae SE cas A eae Eg nalea eO 29 Print the Backup Boot Files se fs Wale ide cing He Wain oh Oa Mer a TOO Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape KE R fn earn Gk Be 3 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server he first part of this chapter explains the preliminary tasks you need to complete to perform a successful backup The rest of this chapter explains how to back up and restore storage spaces dbspaces and blobspaces and logical log files in a production environment The onbar utility is a wrapper to onbar_d the ON Bar driver You can use the same commands with onbar_d as with onbar You can use any of the following methods to execute ON Bar backup and restore commands m Issue ON Bar commands To execute the ON Bar commands that are described in this chapter you must be user informix or root on UNIX or a member of the Informix Admin group on Windows NT m Include ON Bar and ISM commands in a shell or batch script For information see Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands on page 3 29 m Use BAR in Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC to perform and monitor backup and restore operations For information see the Informix Enterprise Command Center User Guide m Call ON Bar from a job scheduling program Using ON Bar 3 3 Preparing for a Backu
36. Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 25 An example of a cold restore appears on page 3 21 Important If you reinitialize the database server after a failure you must perform a cold point in time restore to a time before the database server was reinitialized When you complete the cold restore verify that you restored the correct instance of the critical dbspaces and storage spaces Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore You restore data in two steps 1 Perform a physical restore which restores storage spaces to their most recent backed up state 2 Perform a logical log backup and logical restore that updates the most recent backed up version of the storage spaces with later transactions To perform a physical restore followed automatically by a logical log backup and restore use the onbar r command For finer control use the onbar l s command to salvage the logs then the onbar r p command to perform only a physical restore and then the onbar r 1 command to perform only a logical restore The combination of physical and logical restores ensures that tables and indexes are as current as possible Some transactions made after the most recent logical log backup might not be recovered if a cold restore is necessary and logical log files cannot be salvaged Using ON Bar 3 15 Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Restoring Data Element You can restore multiple storage spaces separately or concurrently
37. Perform a Whole System or Storage Space Restore gay ee 1223 Importing a Restore on a Different Database Garver go oes 1423 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore 1 24 Restoring toaPointinTime 1 27 Performing a Mixed Restore 1 28 What is a Restartable Restore 1 28 What is an External Backup or Restore dy Te Os a Ga Mets CEB What is Backed Up in an External Backup Soe ee a g 1531 What is Restored in an External Restore 1 32 Tracking External Backup Objects 1 33 Understanding ON Bar Processes 134 Backup Sequence 2 1 ee ee ee ee 184 Warm Restore Sequence 1 36 Cold Restore Sequence 1 2 1 wwe 138 Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores 1 39 Chapter 2 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server 2 4 Analyzing Your Database Server System set Ges 2 4 Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements ey os 2 5 Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices 2 6 Installing and Configuring the Storage Manager 2 9 Configuring ISM a ee 2 9 Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager hey a fehl Ook el cee ei 2 9 Configuring ON Bar goua a Gaia de 4 1210 Setting ISM Environment Variables ind ONCONFIG Parameters 2 10 De
38. SSION Environment Variable in Effect When ON Bar Issues a Request ISM_COMPRESSION ISM_ENCRYPTION Effect on ISM Server Processing for That Request If this variable is set to TRUE in the environment of the onbar process making a request the ISM server uses a data compression algorithm to store or retrieve the data speci fied in that request If it is set to FALSE or is not present the ISM server does not use compression If this variable is set to TRUE or XOR in the environment of the onbar process making a request the ISM server uses encryption to store or retrieve the data specified in that request If it is set to NONE or is not present the ISM server does not use encryption Configuring ON Bar 4 13 Catalog Tables The bar_action Table The bar_instance Table The bar_version Table The bar_object Table The bar_server Table ON Bar Catalog Map The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot File 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 7 5 8 5 10 5 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server his chapter describes the ON Bar catalog tables You can query the catalog tables for backup and restore data to evaluate performance or identify object instances for a restore The bar_action Table The bar_action catalog table lists all backup and restore actions that are attempted against an object except during a cold restore Use the information in this table to track backup and restore history Column Nam
39. Shorten the name of the database server and retry The new security token name is invalid A problem exists with the storage manager For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent ON Bar Messages A 9 ON Bar Messages 43076 43077 43078 43079 43080 43081 43082 43083 43084 43085 43086 Invalid vote value Must be BSA_Vote_COMMIT or BSA_Vote_ABORT It is unclear whether the transaction should be committed or aborted Invalid environment keyword For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent That object already exists An attempt was made to create an object twice For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent A new security token must be created Create a new security token For instructions refer to the storage manager manual dbspace blobspace does not exist Exceeded available resources All backup and or restore resources are in use Wait until a previous backup and or restore session is complete and retry A DataBlock pointer is required An attempt was made to backup and or restore with no data Specify data and try again An object name is required An attempt was made to backup and or restore an unnamed object Name the object and retry Unable to access null pointer A required value was set to null Reset the value and try again Rule ID is require
40. Syntax diagram onbar dbspace backup 3 9 external backup 3 24 external restore 3 26 logical log backup 3 11 restore 3 17 syntax template 3 7 S Salvaging logs defined 1 20 example of 3 21 Save sets creating 3 8 restoring 3 21 Saving logical log backups 1 18 Selected dbspace backup 1 12 Serial backup and restore 1 39 Server locale B 1 T TAPEDEV 4 4 Tempspaces 1 11 3 8 Third party storage manager configuring 2 9 functions 1 7 onbar script 3 29 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server U Upgrading the database server 2 15 V Volume pools backup locations 3 8 default names 2 10 W Warm restore defined 1 4 description of 1 24 examples of 3 18 sequence 1 36 setting mode 1 24 Whole system backup overview 1 12 specifying 3 9 Whole system restore example 3 19 restartable restore 3 22 syntax 3 17 X XBSA interface described 1 8 XBSA shared library default location 2 12 specifying location 2 12 4 6 X Open compliance level Intro 17 Symbols INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh 4 5
41. Tables and the Emergency Boot File The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot File The emergency boot file resides in the INFORMIXDIR etc directory on UNIX and INFORMIXDIR etc on Windows NT It contains information similar to that in the ON Bar catalogs The emergency boot file contains backup information and is updated after every backup The filename of the emergency boot file is ixbar_hostname servernum where servernum is the value of the SERVERNUM configuration parameter 5 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX WIN NT ON Bar Messages This appendix describes the ON Bar activity log file and the ON Bar messages which include informational messages warnings and error messages For a detailed description of Informix error messages refer to Informix Error Messages in Answers OnLine The ON Bar messages are not listed there To display error messages on line use the finderr command To format error messages for printing use the rofferr command To read error messages and corrective actions in Windows NT use the Informix Find Error utility This utility is available through the Informix program group The ON Bar Activity Log ON Bar writes informational messages warnings and error messages to the ON Bar activity log except for messages 43013 43014 43016 and 43039 which it might also write to standard error The ON Bar activity log helps you determine whether a backup o
42. Use DB Access to update the version number in the bar_version table Make a copy of INFORMIXDIR etc bldutil in3 and modify the INSERT statement to reflect the new storage manager version Then insert this statement in the bar_version table If you update these files reinitialize the database server for the changes to take effect Before You Make Your First Test Backup Check the items in this list to make sure that ON Bar and your storage manager are set up correctly The storage manager is installed and configured to manage specific storage devices If you are using a third party storage manager make sure that the BAR_BSALIB_PATH configuration parameter specifies correctly the XBSA shared library or it is in the default location The bar_version table contains a row that identifies the version number of the storage manager specific XBSA shared library After you verify that ON Bar and your storage manager are set up correctly run ON Bar on your test database to make sure that you can back up and restore data For information about performing backups and restores follow the instructions in Chapter 3 Using ON Bar 2 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server Use ON Bar to perform a whole system level 0 backup before you upgrade your database server Save these backups so that you can restore the
43. abase server do not restart the restore Instead start the whole restore from the beginning If the failure occurred during a logical restore ON Bar restarts the logical restore from the most recent log checkpoint Restartable logical restore is supported for cold restores only Important You must set the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE configuration parameter to ON and restart the database server before you start a regular restore If you turn on RESTARTABLE_RESTORE after the restore fails you will not be able to restart that restore from where it left off You will need to start the whole restore again 3 22 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Recovering Data Using Restartable Restore If RESTARTABLE_RESTORE is OFF do not use the onbar RESTART command use the onbar r command to start the restore from the beginning Restartable Restore Example The following example shows how restartable restore works for a cold restore 1 Make sure that RESTARTABLE_RESTORE is ON 2 Restore several storage spaces onbar r rootdbs dbsl dbs2 dbs3 dbs4 The database server fails while restoring dbs3 3 Restart the restore onbar RESTART ON Bar automatically starts restoring dbs3 dbs4 and the logical logs 4 If necessary bring the database server on line onmode m Logical Restore Performance Informix recommends setting the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE parameter to ON If restartable restore is on logical log restore performan
44. ackup contains a copy of every table page in a storage space that has changed since the last level 1 or level 0 backup All data that is copied to the backup reflects the state of the data at the time that the level 2 backup began Tip It is good practice to create a backup schedule that keeps level 1 and level 2 backups small and to schedule frequent level 0 backups With such a backup schedule you avoid having to restore large level 1 and level 2 backups or many logical log backups What Is a Logical Log Backup A logical log backup copies all full logical log files that are not yet backed up to the storage manager The logical log contains records of all changes check points that were performed on a database during the period the log was active Dynamic Server continually writes and saves new logical log records in case you must restore those transactions To keep all the logical log records needed to restore data transactions but let the database server continue to write new logical log records you free full logical log files by backing them up You can reuse the freed logical log files for recording new transactions Use the backed up logical log files to restore data 1 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What Is a Logical Log Backup Why You Need to Back Up Logical Log Files You should perform frequent logical log backups for the following reasons m To prevent the logical logs from filling up an
45. ackup or salvage ERROR Unable to start logical log salvage from server ERROR Unable to get logical log salvage data from disk ERROR Unable to commit the backup from server A 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server WIN NT ON Bar GLS Support Using GLS with ON Bar ON Bar supports Global Language Support GLS which allows users to work in their native language The language that the client application uses is called the client locale The language that the database uses for its server specific files is called the server locale ON Bar must run on the same computer as the database server However you can run ON Bar in any locale for which you have the supporting message and localization files For example if the server locale is English and the client locale is French you can issue ON Bar commands in French The following command performs a level 0 backup of the dbspaces specified in the file tomb onbar b L 0 f tomb On Windows NT you cannot use multibyte filenames in backup or restore commands because they are not supported The sysutils database the emergency boot file and the storage manager boot file are created with the en_us 8859 1 default English locale The ON Bar catalog tables in the sysutils database are in English Change the client and database locales to en_us 8859 1 before attempting to connect to sysutils Identifiers that Support Non ASCII Characters The Info
46. ackups see What Is a Logical Log Backup on page 1 14 Backing Up Logical Log Files Element Purpose Key Considerations 1 Performs a backup of full logical log files The current logical log file is not backed up If you are using ISM it also backs up the ISM catalog Close and backup the current logical log None Starts a continuous logical log backup Reserve a dedicated storage device because the continuous logical log backups run indefinitely waiting for logs to fill Salvages any logical logs that are still on disk after a database server failure If possible use this option before you replace a damaged disk If you are performing a cold restore on an undamaged disk ON Bar automatically performs a log salvage operation For information about salvaging logs see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 20 A storage space backup triggers a logical log backup Performing a Continuous Logical Log Backup You can start a continuous logical log backup in three ways m Specify onbar l C to start a continuous logical log backup Once the continuous logical log backup starts it runs indefinitely waiting for logs to fill Use IECC to turn continuous logical log backup on or off Set the ALARMPROGRAM parameter to log_full sh Using ON Bar 3 11 Backing Up Logical Log Files UNIX Using Informix Enterprise Command Center to Set the Log Backup Mode When you
47. ager definition on UNIX Use this configuration to test a simple backup and restore For more information about the ON Bar configuration parameters refer to Chapter 4 Configuring ON Bar Default ONCONFIG Parameter Values that ON Bar Uses i Backup Restore V BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_MAX_ BACKUP 0 BAR_RETRY BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE RESTARTABLE_RESTOR if Use either LOG_B LOG_BACKUP_MODE MA ALARMPROGRA BAR_BSALIB_PATH Informix Storage ISM_DATA_POOL ISM_LOG_POOL Log Archive Tape Do not set LTAPE LTAPEDEV LTAPEBLK LTAPESIZE ariables tmp bar_act log path of activity log i Maximum no of parallel onbar_d processes 1 Number of times to retry failures 10 No of transport buffers 31 Size of each transport buffer E OFF Enables restartable restore ACKUP_MODE in IECC or ALARMPROGRAM not both UAL Use IECC to set value CONT or MANUAL usr informix etc log_full sh usr 1ib ibsad001 so XBSA shared lib path anager Variables ISMData ISMLogs Device DEV to blank or dev null dev tapedev 16 10240 For information on the Windows NT configuration parameters see your Administrator s Guide or look in the ONCONFIG file Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 11 Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Skip this section if you use ISM For the storage manager make sure that m you set
48. aining storage spaces to an off line location and to restore them using ON Bar Documentation Conventions This section describes the conventions that this manual uses These conven tions make it easier to gather information from this and other Informix manuals The following conventions are covered Typographical conventions Icon conventions Command line conventions Sample code conventions 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Typographical Conventions Typographical Conventions This manual uses the following standard set of conventions to introduce new terms illustrate screen displays describe command syntax and so forth Convention Meaning KEYWORD All keywords appear in uppercase letters in a serif font italics Within text new terms and emphasized words appear in italics Within syntax diagrams values that you are to specify appear in italics boldface Identifiers names of classes objects constants events functions program variables forms labels and reports environment variables database names filenames table names column names icons menu items command names and other similar terms appear in boldface monospace Information that the product displays and information that you enter appear ina monospace typeface KEYSTROKE Keys that you are to press appear in uppercase letters in a sans serif font This symbol indicates the end of feature product platform
49. alled on Windows NT This pathname is different if you use a different storage manager 4 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server BAR_MAX_BACKUP BAR_MAX_BACKUP default value Unlimited 0 units onbar processes range of values gt 0 to unlimited takes effect When onbar starts The BAR_MAX_BACKUP parameter specifies the maximum number of parallel processes that are allowed for each onbar command For example if you set BAR_ MAX_BACKUP to 5 and execute two onbar commands the maximum number of processes that onbar will run concurrently is ten The onbar utility ignores the BAR_ MAX_BACKUP parameter for a whole system backup or restore Whole system backups and restores are always serial Use the BAR_MAX_BACKUP parameter to limit the computer resources that onbar uses If you do not set BAR_MAX_BACKUP or set it to 0 the number of onbar processes is limited only by the number of backup objects or the amount of memory available to the database server whichever is less The amount of memory available is based on SHMTOTAL ON Bar performs the following calculation where N is the maximum number of onbar processes that are allowed N SHMTOTAL 4 transport buffers size of transport buffers 1024 If SHMTOTAL is 0 BAR_ MAX_BACKUP is 1 or N is greater than BAR_MAX_BACKURP ON Bar uses the BAR MAX_BACKUP value Otherwise ON Bar starts N backup or restore activities Both UNIX and Windows NT support parallel
50. arameter will be present only if you use Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC to turn on or off continuous backup of logical log files You must set the LOG_BACKUP_MODE parameter through IECC The LOG_BACKUP_MODE parameter has the same effect as setting the ALARMPROGRAM configuration parameter to INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh when IECC is not installed For more information see your Administrator s Guide and the Informix Enterprise Command Center User Guide If you specify a tape device in the LTAPEDEV configuration parameter Warning Do not set LTAPEDEV to dev null on UNIX or nul on Windows NT or AN else logical log backups will not work because the database server will mark them as them 4 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server backed up All transactions in those logs are lost and you will not be able to restore RESTARTABLE_ RESTORE RESTARTABLE_RESTORE Use the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE configuration parameter to enable or disable restartable restores For more information see What is a Restartable Restore on page 1 28 default value OFF range of values OFF Use the OFF option if you do not want to use restartable restore If a restore fails and RESTARTABLE_RESTORE is OFF you will not be able to restart it ON Use the ON option if you want to use restartable restore Set RESTARTABLE_RESTORE to ON before you begin a restore Otherwise you will not be able to restart the restore after a
51. at you can only use that path the indicated number of times even if it is part JaA size of a larger loop Here you can specify size no more than three times within this statement segment 2 of 2 How to Read a Command Line Diagram Figure 1 shows a command line diagram that uses some of the elements that are listed in the previous table Figure 1 Example of a Command Line Diagram INFORMIXC nse compiler J pathname To construct a command correctly start at the top left with the command Then follow the diagram to the right including the elements that you want The elements in the diagram are case sensitive Figure 1 diagrams the following steps 1 Type the word setenv 2 Type the word INFORMIXC 3 Supply either a compiler name or pathname After you choose compiler or pathname you come to the terminator Your command is complete 4 Press RETURN to execute the command 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Additional Documentation Additional Documentation For additional information you might want to refer to the following types of documentation On line manuals Printed manuals On line help Error message files Documentation notes release notes and machine notes Related reading On Line Manuals An Answers OnLine CD that contains Informix manuals in electronic format is provided with your Informix products You can install the documentation or access it di
52. by M Sobell Benjamin Cummings Publishing 1995 The following texts provide a good introduction to Windows NT Using Windows NT Workstation 3 51 by Paul Sanna Que 1996 Microsoft Windows NT Resource Kit by Russ Blake Microsoft Press 1995 NT Server Management and Control by Kenneth L Spencer Prentice Hall 1995 Windows NT Administration by Marshall Brain and Shay Woodard Prentice Hall 1994 Windows NT Network Programming by Ralph Davis Addison Wesley 1994 16 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Compliance with Industry Standards Compliance with Industry Standards The American National Standards Institute ANSI has established a set of industry standards for SQL Informix SQL based products are fully compliant with SQL 92 Entry Level published as ANSI X3 135 1992 which is identical to ISO 9075 1992 In addition many features of Informix database servers comply with the SQL 92 Intermediate and Full Level and X Open SQL CAE common applications environment standards Informix Welcomes Your Comments Please tell us what you like or dislike about our manuals To help us with future versions of our manuals we want to know about corrections or clari fications that you would find useful Include the following information m The name and version of the manual that you are using m Any comments that you have about the manual m Your name address and phone number Write to us at the fo
53. ce is slower especially when many logs are being restored If performance is an issue turn off restartable restore and restart the logical restore from the beginning Physical Log Overflow If the physical logs overflow during a logical restore you need to turn off the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE parameter and restart the logical restore from the beginning Using ON Bar 3 23 Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore An external or off line backup and restore allows you to make copies of disks that contain storage spaces dbspaces and blobspaces outside of the database server Later on you can restore these disks to the database server without using the XBSA For an overview see What is an External Backup or Restore on page 1 31 Performing an External Backup This section describes the syntax of the external backup command onmode j C block unblock Element Purpose Key Considerations c Takes a checkpoint and blocks or unblocks the Sets up the database server for an external database server backup Forces a checkpoint that flushes the buffers to disk While the database server is blocked and blocks the database server from any users can access it in read only mode transactions unblock Unblocks the database server allowing data trans None actions and normal server operations to resume Blocking the Database Server
54. ce table describes each object that is backed up during a successful backup attempt m The bar_version table lists compatible versions of ON Bar and storage managers For a description of the content of these tables see Chapter 5 Catalog Tables The Emergency Boot File The ON Bar emergency boot file contains the information needed to perform a cold restore The emergency boot file replaces the sysutils tables during a cold restore so that ON Bar can request the correct backup object from the storage manager ON Bar must be able to restore objects from a storage manager even when the tables in the sysutils database are not available During a cold restore Dynamic Server is not available to access sysutils so ON Bar obtains the information it needs for the cold restore from the emergency boot file For information about where to find the emergency boot file see The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot File on page 5 10 The ON Bar Activity Log As ON Bar backs up and restores data it periodically writes to the ON Bar activity log When ON Bar encounters an error or a warning condition it writes a message to the activity log The activity log also documents which storage spaces and logical logs were included in a backup or restore operation and approximately how long the operation took Use information in the activity log to determine whether a backup or restore operation succeeded You can specify the location of the ac
55. ces during a restore This table is built from the INFORMIXSOQLHOSTS environment variable If it is not set ON Bar uses the INFORMIXDIR etc sqlhosts information on UNIX or the sqlhosts information in the registry on Windows NT Column Name Type Explanation srv_name CHAR 18 Database server name that the DBSERVERNAME column in the sqlhosts file or registry specifies srv_node CHAR 64 Name of the node where the database server resides 5 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server ON Bar Catalog Map ON Bar Catalog Map Figure 5 1 maps the ON Bar tables The gray lines show the referential constraints between tables If you read from right to left the data needs to be present in the first table before you can insert it in the second table For example consider the bar_object and bar_server tables Reading from left to right the bar_server table is first and the bar_object table is second If you try to insert data in the obj_srv_name column of the bar_object table a matching name must exist in the srv_name column of the bar_server table Figure 5 1 ON Bar Catalog Map bar_object bar_action bar_instance bar_version obj_srv_name act_aid ins_aid bar_sm act_end ins_copyid_hi bar_version act_oid ins_copyid_lo bsa_version act_start ins_level sm_version act_type ins_time act_status ins_version ins_oid ins_first_log ins_time Catalog Tables 5 9 The Catalog
56. ckup manually A manual logical log backup backs up all the full logical log files and then stops at the current logical log file If you turn on continuous logical log backup Dynamic Server backs up the logical logs automatically If you turn off continuous logical log backup the logical log files accumulate in the log backup session waiting for a user request for a logical log backup Reserve a dedicated storage device for the continuous logical log backups Warning If you do not turn on continuous logical log backup you must monitor Ay your logical logs carefully and start logical log backups as needed If the individual logical log files are not backed up as they fill the logical log runs out of space to add transactions and your database server locks up If the logical log files run out of space back them up The database server will then resume processing transactions Why You Need to Save Logical Log Backups You must save logical log backups so that you can use them to restore a database whether or not the most recent storage space backups are available If a storage space backup is inaccessible or unusable you can restore data from an older backup if you have one If any of the logical log backups are also inaccessible or unusable however you cannot roll forward the transac tions from those logical log files or any from any subsequent logical log files Warning If you do not restore enough logical logs to bring the data to
57. d A required value was set to null Create an ID for the rule and retry For instructions refer to the storage manager manual The object is not empty A 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server 43087 43088 43089 43090 43091 43092 43093 43094 43095 43096 43097 ON Bar Messages There is no backup copy of dbspace_name blobspace_name An attempt was made to restore an object that was not backed up Object information data exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_size Shorten information data for the object and retry Object name exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_size Shorten name of the object and retry For instructions refer to the storage manager manual Operation is not authorized for user_ID The specified user does not have permission to perform this operation Ask your system administrator to change your permissions A value for the old security token is required Fill in the old security token and retry The security token has expired Please create a new one The security token is stale Create a new security token and retry For instruc tions refer to the storage manager manual The transaction was aborted An error caused the backup and or restore transaction to abort For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent A quote is missing from an environment keyword Insert the missing quote and retry A username cannot be d
58. d locking up the database server m If you want to perform a restore in pieces for example onbar 1 s onbar r p then onbar r l m Ifa disk containing logical logs fails To illustrate suppose you perform a level 0 backup on Monday at 10 00 P M and then back up the logical logs on Tuesday at midnight On Wednesday at 11 00 A M you suffer a mishap that destroys your databases However you can recover all transactions that occurred between 10 00 P M Monday and 11 00 A M Wednesday because ON Bar automatically backs up the logical logs during a backup or restore To restore the transactions replay the logical logs if they are available If the disks containing the storage spaces with the logical logs are destroyed the transactions after midnight on Tuesday are lost To restore these transac tions from the last logical log backup salvage the logical logs onbar 1 s before repairing or replacing the bad disk and then perform a cold restore For information on salvaging logical logs see When to Salvage Logical Log Files on page 1 20 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 15 What Is a Logical Log Backup Figure 1 2 illustrates this example Figure 1 2 Logical log backup Storage Space and Logical Log Level 0 backup Failure Backups Transactions Monday 10 P M Tuesday midnight Wednesday 11 A M ae 7 Logical log files Storage manager logical log backup media Backing Up Logical Logs
59. dbspaces If you enter more than one storage space name use a space to separate the names RESTART Restarts a restore after a database server or ON Bar failure For the restore to be restartable the RESTARTABLE_RESTORE configuration parameter must be ON when the restore failure occurs If RESTARTABLE_RESTORE is off the RESTART option does not work 2 of 2 Using ON Bar 3 17 Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands The following sections contain examples of ON Bar syntax for restoring data Restoring all Down Storage Spaces and Logical Logs To restore completely all storage spaces that Dynamic Server has marked as down use the r option onbar r Restoring all Storage Spaces To restore all storage spaces without restoring the logical logs use the r and p options as the following example shows onbar r p You must restore the logical logs before you can use the data Restoring Logical Logs Only To restore logical logs after restoring storage spaces use the r and l options as the following example shows onbar r 1 If any storage spaces are on line they are skipped in the restore If an error occurs during a logical restore it is aborted If you restart the restore it starts over from the beginning However if the error is from ON Bar or the storage manager the logical restore is suspended Fix the problem and retry the restore The restore resume
60. de W Performs a whole system backup Backs up all storage spaces critical dbspaces and logical logs You must use a whole system restore L level Specifies the levelof backup If you request an incremental backup and ON Bar finds that to perform m 0 for a complete backup m 1 for changes since the last level 0 backup m 2 for changes since the last level 1 backup The default for level is 0 no previous level backup has been performed for a particular dbspace ON Bar performs a backup at the previous level instead For example if you request a level 1 backup and ON Bar finds no level 0 backup it makes a level 0 backup instead It does not create a level 0 and a level 1 backup f file_w_names Backs up the dbspaces or blobspaces that are listed Use this option to avoid entering a long list of dbspaces or blobspaces every time that you backup The filename can be one per line in the text file any valid UNIX or Windows NT filename including simple whose pathname file_w_names provides listfile_1 relative backup_lists listfile_2 or backup_lists listfile2 and absolute usr informix backup_lists listfile3 or c informix backup_lists listfile3 filenames dbspace_list Names a dbspace or blobspace to be backed up If you do not enter dbspace_list or f file_w_names ON Bar backs up all storage spaces that the database server manages If you enter more than one storage spac
61. describe the on line files that supplement the information in this manual Please examine these files before you begin using your database server They contain vital information about application and performance issues 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX WIN NT Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes On UNIX platforms the following on line files appear in the INFORMIXDIR release en_us 0333 directory On Line File Purpose ONBARDOC_7 3 The documentation notes file for your version of this manual describes features that are not covered in the manual or that have been modified since publication SERVERS_7 3 The release notes file describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differences might affect current products This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds IDS_7 3 The machine notes file describes any special actions that are required to configure and use Informix products on your computer Machine notes are named for the product described The following items appear in the Informix folder To display this folder choose Start gt Programs Informix from the Task Bar Item Description Documentation Notes This item includes additions or corrections to manuals along with information about features that may not be covered in the manuals or that have been modified since publication Release No
62. documentation The storage manager must know the device names of the storage devices that it should use Some storage managers let you specify the kind of data to back up to specific storage devices You should configure the storage manager to back up logical logs to one device and storage spaces to a different device for more efficient backups and restores Configuring ON Bar ON Bar is installed with your Dynamic Server software To use ON Bar with installed storage managers you set specific parameters in the ONCONFIG file Use the onconfig std file as a template The following section describes the required ON Bar configuration parameters Setting ISM Environment Variables and ONCONFIG Parameters When you use ISM you need to set certain ON Bar environment variables that affect the way in which the ISM server handles requests For infor mation see On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM on page 4 13 If you use ISM you can specify the volume pool names for storage spaces and logical logs in the ONCONFIG file ISM_DATA_POOL ISM_LOG_POOL If you do not set these parameters they default to the volume pool names ISMData and ISMLogs respectively 2 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX WIN NT Default ON Bar and Default ON Bar and Storage Manager Configuration Storage Manager Configuration This section shows the default configuration parameters for ON Bar and storage man
63. e Type Explanation act_aid SERIAL Action identifier A unique number within the table Can be used with act_oid to join with the bar_instance table act_oid INTEGER Object identifier Identifies the backup object against which a backup or restore attempt is made Can be used with act_aid to join with bar_instance The act_oid column of the bar_action table equals the obj_oid column of the bar_object table act_type SMALLINT Identifies the action that is attempted 1 for backup 2 for restore 3 for a foreign or imported restore 4 for a fake backup 5 for a whole system backup 6 for a whole system restore 1 of 2 Catalog Tables 5 3 The bar_instance Table Column Name Type act_status INTEGER act_start DATETIME YEAR TO SECONDS act_end DATETIME YEAR TO SECONDS up objects Column Name Type ins_aid INTEGER ins_oid INTEGER ins_time INTEGER ins_level SMALLINT 5 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Explanation Identifies the result of the action 0 if successful otherwise an ON Bar specific error code The date and time when the action began The date and time when the action finished 2 of 2 The bar_instance Table ON Bar writes a record to the bar_instance catalog table for each successful backup The table describes each object that is backed up ON Bar might later use the information for a restore operation This catalog table tracks backed Explanation Action identifie
64. e backup or restore session is done The ON Bar driver keeps creating new children until all the storage spaces are backed up or restored When all the onbar_d child processes complete their work the ON Bar driver determines whether an error occurred and returns a status in the ON Bar activity log to the user that requested the backup or restore Backup Sequence Ina backup session ON Bar backs up both the storage spaces and the logical logs Figure 1 11 describes the ON Bar backup sequence When you issue a backup command the ON Bar driver builds a list of storage spaces and creates a backup session In a parallel backup if BAR_MAX_BACKUP is not set to 1 the ON Bar driver starts one or more onbar_d processes and assigns backup tasks to them Each onbar_d child process transfers data between Dynamic Server and the storage manager until the backup request is fulfilled In a serial backup the driver backs up the storage spaces one at a time In Dynamic Server the ON Bar driver performs the logical log backup or logical log restore After each object is backed up information about it is added to the emergency backup boot file on the database server and to the sysutils database 1 34 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Backup Sequence Figure 1 11 ON Bar Backup Process List of backup storage p Parallel Y Create onbar_d child process for spaces e _ each storage space N spaces s
65. e name use a Space to separate the names Using ON Bar 3 9 Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands Examples of ON Bar Backup Commands The following sections contain examples of ON Bar syntax for backing up storage spaces Performing an Incremental Backup To perform an incremental level 1 backup use the L 1 option If you do not specify any storage space names all the storage spaces on the database server are backed up onbar b L 1G Performing a Complete Backup of Specified Storage Spaces To perform a complete backup of specified storage spaces for example two dbspaces named fin_dbspace1 and fin_dbspace2 use the b option as the following example shows You could also specify the L 0 option but it is not necessary onbar b fin_dbspacel fin_dbspace2 Backing Up a List of Storage Spaces To back up a list of storage spaces specified in a file use the following command onbar b f usr informix backup_list listfile3 Backing Up the ISM Catalog If you are using ISM use this command to back up the ISM catalog ism_catalog create_bootstrap If you use the onbar script to back up storage spaces and logical logs it also backs up the ISM catalog automatically If you call onbar_d directly you must use the ism_catalog create_bootstrap command 3 10 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Backing Up Logical Log Files Backing Up Logical Log Files If you are unfamiliar with logical log b
66. ed in each backup or restore You can schedule backups so that you can back up more often the storage spaces that change rapidly than those that change slowly or never change Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices The storage manager manages the storage devices to which the backed up data is written ISM is included with your database server For information on how to use ISM refer to the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it has the features that you need to back up your storage spaces and logical logs When you choose storage devices make sure that they are compatible with the storage manager that you choose The storage devices should have the speed and capacity that your backups require 2 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Analyzing Storage Manager Requirements ISM fulfills the following storage manager requirements m ISMallows you to back up logical logs and storage spaces to different devices and to specify whether to use encryption or compression for data m ISM can write the output of parallel backups to a single device medium or volume Some backup devices can write data faster than the disks used to hold storage spaces can be read If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it allows multiple data streams to a single storage device m ISM can au
67. el 0 backup Informix recommends however that you do not discard a backup that was verified for consistency until the next time that you verify the consistency of your databases For information on how to check for consistency see your Administrator s Guide Verifying the Database Server Mode You cannot create a backup while Dynamic Server is off line For information on how to change database server modes see your Administrator s Guide Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs The onbar utility provides options that enable you to back up storage spaces dbspaces and blobspaces and logical logs and to restore Dynamic Server data from these backups Backing up storage spaces p Backing up logical log files p 3 11 Restoring data p 3 14 Using ON Bar 3 7 Backing Up Storage Spaces Backing Up Storage Spaces The database server must be in on line or quiescent mode to perform a backup Use the onbar b option to automatically back up the storage spaces and logical logs Only on line storage spaces are backed up Use the d option of the onstat utility to determine which storage spaces are on line Important You cannot back up or restore temporary dbspaces When the ISM server receives a backup request from ON Bar it displays label and mount requests in the Devices window of the ISM Administrator program During a backup the ISM server automatically routes storage space data to volumes in the ISMData v
68. eleted while it owns objects For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent An unspecified XBSA error has occurred numeric_value For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent ERROR There are no DB blobspaces to backup restore ON Bar Messages A 11 ON Bar Messages 43098 43099 43100 43101 43102 43103 43104 43106 43107 43108 43109 WARNING All DB blobspaces are temporary so no backup restore is needed WARNING Db blobspace names ignored for fake backup whole system backup whole system restore logical log restore or log salvage The f command is ignored for whole system backup restore and fake backup No filename was entered performing a backup of all DB blobspaces instead No filename was included with the f command WARNING Setting backup level to 0 for a fake backup Only level 0 is supported for fake backup WARNING DB blobspace names ignored for fake backup or whole system backup restore A fake backup or whole system restore backs up restores all DB blobspaces WARNING Linked list operation failed A linked list operation failed ERROR One or more blobspaces are down Log backup has been aborted A blobspace is down Backing up or salvaging the logical logs would make it impossible to restore this TEXT and BYTE data in the future Bring all blobspaces on line and retry the logical log b
69. en with Logging Turned Off 1 16 When Should You Back Up Logical Log Files bs Se on EL Why You Need to Save Logical Log Backups 1 18 Using Blobspace Data with Transaction PORNE ets ge Fe a ELD When to Salvage Logical Log Files hue ode A What Is an ON Bar Restore What is a Physical Restore What is a Logical Restore When Should You Perform a Whole System or Storage Space Restore Importing a Restore on a Different Database Server Setting the Server Mode fora Restore The Server Mode for a Warm Restore The Server Mode for a Cold Restore Handling Off Line Storage Spaces Restoring to a Point in Time ae Performing a Mixed Restore What is a Restartable Restore When to Perform a Restartable Restore What is an External Backup or Restore What is Backed Up in an External Backup What is Restored in an External Restore Tracking External Backup Objects Understanding ON Bar Processes Backup Sequence Warm Restore Sequence Cold Restore Sequence Parallel and Serial Backups and Restores 1 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server 1 20 1 21 1 22 1 23 1 23 1 24 1 24 1 25 1 27 1 27 1 28 1 28 1 30 1 31 1 31 1 32 1 33 1 34 1 34 1 36 1 38 1 39 his chapter explains the following concepts of the ON Bar backup and restore system for Informix Dynamic Server What is ON Bar What is an ON Bar backup What is an ON Bar log
70. end Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape You can write a script that automatically migrates the backed up logical logs to tape for off site storage Each time that you issue the onbar b or onbar 1 command the onbar script starts the backup operation and then calls another program to migrate the logical logs to tape UNIX version of the example In this example if you issue the onbar r command the logs are not migrated onbar_d starts the backup or restore EXIT_CODE any errors PHYS_ONLY false if its a physical only backup do nothing for OPTION in do if OPTION p then PHYS ONLY true fi done if PHYS_ONLY then if logs were backed up call another migrate_logs i program to move them to tape fi Using ON Bar 3 31 Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape WIN NT Windows NT version of the example echo off INFORMIXDIRZ bin onbar_d set onbar_d_return errorlevel if Sonbar_d_return 0 goto backupcom goto skip REM Check if the command is a backup command backupcom if 1 b goto m_log if 1 1 goto m_log goto skip REM Invoke the user defined program to migrate the logs m_log migrate_log REM Set the return code from onbar_d this must be on the last line of the script skip INFORMIXDIRZ bin set_error onbar_d_return send 3 32 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Configuring ON Bar Setting ON Bar Configuration
71. erially in parallel Backup all storage Backup storage spaces Backup logs Backup complete The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 35 Warm Restore Sequence Warm Restore Sequence If the server is in quiescent mode or is on line you can perform a warm restore ON Bar gathers data from the sysutils database and then requests a restore from the database server Figure 1 12 on page 1 37 describes the ON Bar warm restore sequence In a warm restore the ON Bar driver creates a list of restore objects In a parallel restore if BAR_MAX_BACKUP is not set to 1 the ON Bar driver starts onbar_d child processes The onbar_d processes transfer data between the storage manager and Dynamic Server until the warm restore is complete In a serial restore the driver restores the storage spaces one at a time For each storage space ON Bar restores the last level 0 backup then the level 1 backup if it exists and the level 2 backup if it exists Next ON Bar backs up the logical logs and then restores them When the warm restore is complete information about it is added to the sysutils database 1 36 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Warm Restore Sequence Figure 1 12 ON Bar Warm Restore Process Physical restore Create onbar_d child process for each storage space Restore slate spaces Restore E spaces serially in parallel Log restore Y Restore logs
72. eted A 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server 43067 43068 43069 43070 43071 43072 43073 43074 43075 ON Bar Messages Active object does not exist Attempt to deactivate it failed No active object matched the name that was specified for a BsADeactivate Object call For information on active and inactive objects refer to the storage manager manual A system error occurred Aborting XBSA session A system error prevents further processing For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Attempt to authorize user_name failed Verify that the user is informix or root Login as informix or root and try again Invalid XBSA function call sequence The sequence of XBSA function calls is out of order For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Invalid XBSA session handle handle_ID An XBSA session handle has been previously closed or corrupted For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent XBSA buffer is too small for the object A problem exists with the storage manager For details about the problem refer to the storage manager activity log or equivalent Description of the object exceeds the maximum allowed value maximum_ value Shorten the description of the object and retry Database server name exceeds maximum allowed size maximum_ value
73. eter to 1 m If the total available space in all the logical log files is less than half of a single log file the database server does not create a backup In this situation ON Bar performs the logical log backup automatically so that you can attempt the backup again m If only one backup device is available make sure that as many logical log files as possible are backed up before you start to back up storage spaces This precaution frees space in your logical log files Copying Database Server Configuration Information Copy your database server configuration information As explained in What Else Needs to be Backed Up on page 1 11 ON Bar does not back up important database configuration files Before you back up storage spaces make sure that you have a current backup copy of the following database configuration files The sqlhosts file The oncfg files UNIX The emergency boot file The ONCONFIG file Storage manager files Tip The oncfg and ONCONFIG files are in the INFORMIXDIR etc directory on UNIX and INFORMIXDIR etc directory on Windows NT 3 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Verifying the Database Server Mode Verifying Database Integrity Verify consistency before a level 0 backup To ensure the integrity of your backups periodically verify that all database server data is consistent before you create a level 0 backup You do not need to check for consistency before every lev
74. example on UNIX use the following command for i in rootdbs dbspl dbsp2 blobspl do cp DB_DIR ext_bkp i bak DB_DIR i done userid informix chown informix DB_DIR sp userid informix chmod 666 DB_DIR sp 6 Perform an external restore of the storage spaces and logical logs The following example is of a complete external restore onbar r e 7 Bring the database server on line Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands Use the onbar script on UNIX or the onbar batch file on Windows NT to customize backup and restore operations start ISM and back up the ISM catalog The onbar script is located in the INFORMIXDIR bin directory UNIX and INFORMIXDIR bin directory Windows NT The default onbar script detects whether the currently installed storage manager is ISM and backs up the ISM catalogs When you issue ON Bar commands from the command line the arguments are passed to the onbar script and then to onbar_d The default onbar script contains the following sections m Add startup processing here Use this section to initialize a third party storage manager if necessary and set environment variables m End startup processing here This section starts the onbar_d driver and checks the return code Use this section for onbar_d and storage manager commands Using ON Bar 3 29 Print the Backup Boot Files UNIX WIN NT m Add cleanup processing here The code in this section backs up t
75. example shows onbar 1 3 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Backing Up Logical Log Files Using Logical Log Backup Completion Messages Each time that Dynamic Server backs up a logical log file it sends the following message to the database server message log 14 13 05 Logical Log 12 Backup Started When the database server completes the backup it sends the following message to the message log 14 13 21 Logical Log 12 Backup Completed The message log records similar messages for storage space backups and restores The onbar_d process also records the logical log backup in the ON Bar activity log in the format lt date gt lt time gt lt process_id gt lt parent_pid gt lt message gt 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Begin backup logical log 12 2 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Successfully connected to storage manager 1997 08 19 15 13 20 3663 3182 Completed backup logical log 12 2 You can use the onstat 1 command to verify that the database server has marked the logical log file as backed up For more information on how to use the onstat utility see your Administrator s Guide You can also use IECC on a Windows NT workstation to review ON Bar messages in the Event Monitor log Using ON Bar 3 13 Restoring Data Restoring Data This section explains how to use ON Bar to restore data When to Perform a Warm or Cold Restore Unless your database server has failed you can restore data in a
76. failure takes effect When the database server starts Turning on RESTARTABLE_RESTORE slows down logical restore performance Configuring ON Bar 4 11 Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM The following parameters when listed in the ONCONFIG configuration file for the database server affect how the ISM server handles backup and restore requests ONCONFIG Parameter Effect on ISM Server ISM_DATA_POOL If present in the ONCONFIG file this parameter specifies the volume pool that you use for backing up dbspaces and other storage spaces The value for this parameter can be any volume pool that ISM recognizes If this parameter is not present ISM uses the ISMData volume pool ISM_LOG_POOL If present in the ONCONFIG file this parameter specifies the volume pool that you use for backing up logical logs The value for this parameter can be any volume pool that ISM recognizes If this parameter is not present ISM uses the ISMLogs volume pool 4 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM On Bar Environment Variables for Use With ISM The following environment variables when set in the ON Bar environment determine whether ISM uses compression or encryption when backing up data You can set these environment variables in the onbar script file For example TSM_COMPRESSION TRUE export ISM_COMPRE
77. fault ON Bar and Storage Manager Configuration gt lt a 211 Adding Storage Manager Specific Information 2 12 Before You Make Your First Test Backup 2 14 Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server 2 15 iv Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Using ON Bar Preparing for a Backup Installing and Configuring a a Storage Manager i Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Verifying the Database Server Mode Backing Up Storage Spaces and Logical Logs Backing Up Storage Spaces Examples of ON Bar Backup Comitands Backing Up Logical Log Files Restoring Data When to Perform a Warm or r Cold Restore Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring Save Sets with ISM Data Recovery Procedures Recovering Data Using Restartable Restore Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands alah aa ade Wd Print the Backup Boot Files g Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape Configuring ON Bar Setting ON Bar Configuration Parameters ALARMPROGRAM BAR_ACT_LOG BAR_BSALIB_PATH BAR_MAX_BACKUP BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT BAR_RETRY y BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE LOG_BACKUP_MODE LTAPEDEV RESTARTABLE RESTORE Database Server Configuration Parameters for ISM On Bar Environment Variables fo
78. fies the time of the last trans Use this option to restore the databases to an earlier action to be restored from the logical logs in a cold restore state You can use point in time restore in a cold restore only You must restore all storage spaces How you enter the time depends on your current GLS locale convention If the GLS locale is not set use English style date format For more infor mation see Restoring Data to a Point in Time on page 3 19 Performs a whole system restore Searches for the last whole system backup and restores from that P Specifies a physical restore only This option must be followed by a logical restore before data is accessible This option turns off log salvage during a cold restore f file_w_names Restores the dbspaces or blobspaces that are listed one per line in the text file whose pathname file_w_names provides Use this option to avoid entering a long list of dbspaces or blobspaces every time that you use this option The filename can be any valid UNIX or Windows NT filename including simple listfile_1 relative backup_lists listfile_2 or backup_lists listfile2 and absolute ust informix backup_lists listfile3 or c informix backup_lists listfile3 filenames dbspace_list Names one or more dbspaces or blobspaces to be restored If you do not enter dbspace_list or f file_w_names ON Bar restores all storage spaces including the critical
79. ger software on Dynamic Server Configuring ISM Before you begin using ISM to manage your database server backups you must perform the following configuration tasks If you are using a third party storage manager perform steps 1 3 and 4 Set ON Bar configuration parameters and environment variables Configure the ISM server properties Configure your storage devices Label your storage volumes oF ey o Designate a safe place to keep the ISM server bootstrap printouts Once you configure the ISM server and storage devices and label volumes for your database server and logical log backups you are ready to initiate a backup or restore operation with ON Bar For details see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager Storage managers have slightly different installation and configuration requirements Make sure that you follow the manufacturer s instructions carefully If you have difficulty with the storage manager installation and configuration please contact the manufacturer directly Important The default location of the XBSA shared library is usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension on UNIX and ISMDIR bin libbsa dll on Windows NT For more information see Specify the Location of the XBSA Library on page 2 12 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 9 Configuring ON Bar To configure your storage devices follow instructions in your storage manager
80. h the storage spaces and logical logs You can perform three different levels of storage space backups level 0 level 1 and level 2 For information on performing whole system and storage space backups see Chapter 3 Using ON Bar What Are Backup Levels You do not always have to back up all the tables and indexes all the time For example if some tables change daily but others rarely change it is inefficient to back up the unchanged tables every time that you back up the database server To provide a more flexible backup environment ON Bar supports three backup levels m Level 0 backs up all data in the specified storage spaces m Level 1 backs up only data that has changed since the last level 0 backup of the specified storage spaces m Level 2 backs up only data that has changed since the last level 1 or level 0 backup of the specified storage spaces The following sections explain these three backup levels 1 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What Is a Storage Space Backup Level 0 Backups A level 0 backup is a baseline backup It contains a copy of all pages that contain data for the specified storage spaces You need all these pages to restore the database to the state that it was in at the time that you made the backup Important If disks and other media are completely destroyed and need to be replaced you need a level 0 backup of all storage spaces and relevant logical logs t
81. he ISM catalogs to the ISMData volume pool after the backup or restore operation is complete If you are using a third party storage manager you can use this section to clean it up m End cleanup processing here Use this section to return onbar_d error codes Print the Backup Boot Files Use the following onbar script example to print the emergency boot file if the backup is successful Each time that you issue the onbar b command the emergency boot file is printed UNIX version of the example onbar_d if receives onbar arguments from command line return_code check return code J if backup onbar b is successful prints emergency boot file if return_code eq 0 a 1 b then servernum awk DBSERVERNUM print 2 INFORMIXDIR etc ONCONFIG lpr INFORMIXDIR etc ixbar servernum fi exit return_code Windows NT version of the example ech off INFORMIXDIR bin onbar_d set onbar_d_return errorlevel if Sonbar_d_return 0 goto backupcom goto skip REM Check if this is a backup command backupcom if 1 b goto printboot goto skip 3 30 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX Migrate Backed Up Logical Logs to Tape REM Print the onbar boot file printboot print ZINFORMIXDIR amp etc ixbar REM Set the return code from onbar_d this must be on the last line of the script skip INFORMIXDIRZ bin set_error onbar_d_return s
82. he data was backed up However you must use a whole system backup and a whole system restore to accomplish the transfer You must also use compatible versions of XBSA and storage managers for both operations You cannot use a backup from a different version Version 7 24 for example to restore on Version 7 3 Important To do an imported restore you must use the same server number on the new computer as was used on the old computer You can change the server name in an imported restore The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 23 Setting the Server Mode for a Restore Setting the Server Mode for a Restore When you restore data you must decide whether to do so while Dynamic Server is in off line quiescent or on line mode This decision depends in part on the data that you want to restore The following sections explain the factors that determine which database server mode to use when you perform a restore The Server Mode for a Warm Restore A warm restore restores noncritical dbspaces while Dynamic Server is in on line or in quiescent mode It consists of one or more physical restore opera tions a logical log backup and a logical restore You can restore a storage space that is down or has at least one chunk that is down inconsistent or recovering Figure 1 5 shows a warm restore S Important If the storage space to be restored is on line use the onbar r O option to restore it Figure 1 5 Dbspace backup tapes
83. he level 0 and level 1 backups of dbspace1 and dbspace2 The database server fails while restoring the level 1 backup of dbspace2 When you restart the cold restore ON Bar restores only the level 1 backup of dbspace2 and the logical logs Figure 1 7 Restartable Physical Restore failed during a physical restore of dbspace2 Restore rootdbs dbspace1 dbspace2 O 0 QO Completed Completed Restart the restore Restarts at dbspace2 dbspace1 dbspace2 Important ON Bar supports logical log restartable restores only as part of a cold logical restore If a warm restore is interrupted you have to restart it from the beginning If the database server is still running use the onbar r 1 command to complete the restore The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 29 What is a Restartable Restore Figure 1 8 shows a cold restore that failed while restoring logical log LL 3 When you restart the cold logical restore log replay starts from the last check point In this example the last checkpoint is in logical log LL 2 Figure 1 8 Cold restore failed during a logical restore of LL 3 Restartable Cold Logical Restore Completed Completed Failed Restart the cold restore Restarts at the last checkpoint in LL 2 fee When to Perform a Restartable Restore If you are planning a very long restore
84. ical log backup What is an ON Bar restore What is an ON Bar external backup and restore Understanding ON Bar processes What Is ON Bar ON Bar is a backup and restore system for Dynamic Server on UNIX and Windows NT Use ON Bar to make a backup copy of your database server data and logical logs as insurance against lost or corrupted data Data might be lost or corrupted for reasons that range from a program error to a disk failure to a disaster that damages the facility in which your computer resides To recover data restore the database in two steps First restore the backup copy of the data and then restore the logical logs to bring data as close as possible to the most recent state The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 3 What Is ON Bar If you restore noncritical data while the database server is on line or quiescent that process is called a warm restore If you restore critical data while the database server is off line it is called a cold restore A mixed restore is a cold restore followed by a warm restore For information on changing database server modes see your Administrator s Guide Figure 1 1 on page 1 5 shows the following components of the ON Bar backup and restore system Storage spaces dbspaces and blobspaces and logical logs to be backed up or restored The ON Bar catalog tables in the sysutils database Dynamic Server The onbar and onbar_d utilities The XBSA interface shared library for each st
85. is in on line mode users might generate transactions that are being recorded in the logical log files To avoid overwriting the current logical log ON Bar writes to temporary space the logical log files that are replayed For information on how Dynamic Server looks for temporary space see the discussion of DBSPACETEMP in your Administrator s Guide Warning Make sure that you have enough temporary space for the logical log portion of the restore The minimum amount of temporary space that the database server needs is equivalent to the total logical log space for the instance When Should You Perform a Whole System or Storage Space Restore You can either restore specified storage spaces or the whole system If you backed up specified storage spaces perform a storage space restore If you backed up the whole system perform a whole system restore ON Bar restores Dynamic Server data in two phases The first phase is the physical restore which restores data from backups of the storage spaces The second phase is the logical restore which restores transactions from the logical log file backups The database server and ON Bar automatically know which logical logs to restore Importing a Restore on a Different Database Server Sometimes you might want to transfer all of the data from one instance of Dynamic Server Version 7 3 to another ON Bar allows you to restore objects to a different database server instance than the one from which t
86. king External Backup Objects The database server ON Bar and storage manager do not track external backups All bookkeeping is up to you Figure 1 10 shows which items Informix recommends you track when you use external backup However ON Bar does track external restores Figure 1 10 Items to Track When You Use External Backup and Restore Items to Track Backup objects and their full pathnames Object type ins_copyid_hi and ins_copyid_lo Backup date and time Backup media Database server version ON Bar version Examples work dbspaces rootdbs UNIX c work dbspaces rootdbs Windows NT Critical dbspaces blobspaces noncritical dbspaces Copy ID that the storage manager assigns to each backup object See ON Bar activity log Tape volume number or disk pathname Dynamic Server Version 7 3 Version 1 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 33 Understanding ON Bar Processes Understanding ON Bar Processes This section explains how ON Bar performs backup and restore operations To review how ON Bar components interact see Figure 1 1 on page 1 5 The original ON Bar process is called the driver and each additional ON Bar process that it creates is called an onbar_d child process The ON Bar driver starts and monitors onbar_d child processes that back up or restore the data The onbar_d child processes transfer the data between the database server and the storage manager Each onbar_d child disappears when th
87. kup The database server must be off line only if you are restoring critical dbspaces When you perform an external backup and restore follow the steps in this procedure 1 To obtain an external backup block the database server onmode c block Blocking the database server writes a checkpoint record to the logical log flushes buffers to disk and blocks all user transactions and internal transactions involving temporary tables Users can only access the database server in read only mode Back up the data You can copy the data or break the link to the mirrored disk and save it as the backup source On UNIX you can use the cp or dd command to copy the data In this example rootdbs dbsp1 dbsp2 and blobsp1 are copied to the DB_DIR ext_bkup directory for i in rootdbs dbspl dbsp2 blobspl do cp DB_DIR i DB_DIR ext_bkp i bak done On Windows NT you could use the copy command to copy the data to another disk Unblock the database server to allow normal operations to resume onmode c unblock If you need to restore critical dbspaces use the following command to salvage the logical logs onbar 1 s 3 28 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server UNIX Using the Onbar Script to Customize On Bar and ISM Commands 5 You must restore the storage spaces to the same path as the original data and include all the chunk files You can swap the bad disks with a copy from the recent external backup For
88. l backup completes and the database server is unblocked If you do not want to use logging you must perform an external backup of all storage spaces at once To restore use the external restore command onbar r e p for all storage spaces What is Restored in an External Restore You can choose whether to salvage logs before you restore critical dbspaces ON Bar does not automatically salvage logs in an external restore After an external backup you can perform the following types of physical restores m complete all storage spaces m partial specific storage spaces m point in time To perform a external restore followed by a logical log backup and restore use the onbar r e command For finer control use the onbar r e p command to perform only a physical external restore without a logical restore and then use the onbar r 1 command to restore the logical logs If you do not back up and restore the logical logs it increases external backup and restore performance If you do not want to use logging you must restore all storage spaces and they must have been backed up together If you mix storage spaces from several backups in a restore you also must restore the logical logs For information on how to perform external backups and restores see Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore on page 3 24 1 32 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Tracking External Backup Objects Trac
89. l log ID entered on the command line is not valid Verify that the logical log ID is correct and retry the command WARNING Unable to read backup restore session IDs WARNING DB blobspace dbspace_name blobspace_name is on line and won t be restored WARNING The maximum allowed number of DB blobspaces per ON Bar command has been exceeded The last dbspace or blobspace is dbspace_name blobspace_name The backup or restore of all dbspaces and blobspaces up to and including the one specified will occur Issue a new ON Bar command for the remaining dbspaces and blobspaces WARNING The maximum allowed number of logical log stream IDs per ON Bar command has been exceeded The last log stream ID is log stream ID The backup of all logical log streams up to and including the one specified will occur Issue a new ON Bar command for the remaining log streams A 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server 43030 43031 43032 43033 43034 43035 43036 43037 43038 43039 43040 43041 43042 43043 43044 ON Bar Messages WARNING dbspace blobspace does not have a previous level backup Defaulting to level level backup ERROR Unable to start the DB blobspace backup dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Unable to get backup data from the database server servername ERROR Unable to commit the backup dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Unable to update in_time to numeric_value for in_aid numeric_va
90. l sh takes effect When onbar starts The onbar utility provides a shell script called log_full sh that you can use to start backing up logical log files when Dynamic Server issues a log full event alarm It is optional to specify an event alarm to have onbar back up the logical log files automatically Use ALARMPROGRAM if you are not using IECC For more information on the ALARMPROGRAM configuration parameter see your Administrator s Guide Set the ALARMPROGRAM configuration parameter to INFORMIXDIR etc log_full sh to back up logical logs automatically If you do not want to back up logical logs automatically set the ALARMPROGRAM configuration parameter to INFORMIXDIR etc no_log sh The ALARMPROGRAM configuration parameter is not available on Windows NT To specify continuous logical log backups set LOG_BACKUP_MODE to CONT Important When you choose continuous logical log backups backup media should always be available for the backup process BAR_ACT_LOG default value UNIX tmp bar_act log Windows NT INFORMIXDIR bar_ lt servername gt log takes effect When onbar starts The BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter specifies the full pathname of the ON Bar activity log Whenever a backup or restore activity or error occurs onbar writes a brief description to the activity log The format of the file resembles the format of the Dynamic Server message log You can examine the activity log to determine the results of onbar action
91. lish locale is yyyy mm dd hh mm ss For an overview see Restoring to a Point in Time on page 1 27 For an example of using point in time restore in a non English locale see Point in Time Restore Example on page B 3 You can also perform a whole system point in time restore Using ON Bar 3 19 Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands 1 Restoring a Dropped Storage Space If you accidentally drop a storage space you can use a point in time restore or a point in log restore to recover it If you are using IECC you must first recreate the chunk files in which the storage spaces were stored or else the restore will fail To restore a dropped storage space Find the log file that contains the dropped transaction for the storage space You can use the onlog utility to find this log file To perform a point in log restore use the following command onbar r n lt log_number gt This command recreates the dropped storage space and restores all the other storage spaces When this command completes the dropped storage space is down and the others are on line To restore the data to the dropped storage space use the following command onbar r lt dropped_dbspace gt The logical restore stops just before the drop transaction You can also use a point in time restore to recover the dropped storage space as follows onbar r t lt time_before_space_was_dropped gt Restoring On Line Storage Spaces For example
92. llowing address Informix Software Inc SCT Technical Publications Department 4100 Bohannon Drive Menlo Park CA 94025 If you prefer to send email our address is doc informix com Or send a facsimile to the Informix Technical Publications Department at 650 926 6571 We appreciate your feedback Introduction 17 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System What Is ON Bar nth a fe a la acg 22 Ta a e ar 1 3 The ON Bar Utility Suite geag b al Ae 1 6 Database Server and Storage Manager Communication eae ds ag 1 6 Informix Storage Manager ck a ae i Ra ge tat ey ee 1 6 Third Party Storage TER ee Be Set mee e a g 1 7 The XBSA Interface ds ah gh Thy 2s che ete ge Me cds ae Oo 1 8 The ON Bar Tables 2 2 2 we ee a 1 8 The Emergency Boot File 2 2 2 2 1 ww eee 1 9 The ON Bar Activity Log 2 2 2 a ee ee ee ee YY What Is an ON Bar Backup 2 anne of nate gee elo What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up eo eG wile JEL What Else Needs tobe Backed Up 2 LA What Isa Whole System Backup 2 1 1 12 What Is a Storage Space Backup 1 1 1 12 What Are Backup Levels 2 2 2 2 we we e112 Level O Backups 2 2 1 we we ee ee ee 118 Level l Backups 2 2 1 ee ee ee ee 118 Level 2 Backups 2 tet oe fe e wee ele What Is a Logical Log Backup ree 2 ee 9 E e gi aal TA Why You Need to Back Up Logical Log Files iy pe Ge ou SETS Backing Up Logical Logs Ev
93. logical log backup to reapply and update any database transactions that were applied to a storage space after it was backed up Warning If you do not use transaction logging for your databases ON Bar can only restore a storage space up to the time it was most recently backed up Changes made to data since the last storage space backup are not restorable on unlogged databases Figure 1 4 shows that a logical restore recovers Dynamic Server transactions from backed up logical log files The logical log files record transactions that occurred after the last backup The logical restore applies only to those storage spaces that have just been physically restored Figure 1 4 Restored dbspaces Logical Restore Root dbspace Logical log backup media Transactions INSERT Dbspace 2 _ Tip When you restore data ON Bar chooses the most recent level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups that you should use You perform a logical restore to bring the system up to date To replay logical log transactions in parallel use the ON_RECVRY_THREADS configuration parameter For information on ON_RECVRY_THREADS see your Administrator s Guide 1 22 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server When Should You Perform a Whole System or Storage Space Restore During a warm restore ON Bar applies backed up logical log files to the restored storage spaces However because the database server
94. lue Failure to update the bar_instance table Ask your database administrator to repair the data ERROR Unable to start the logical log backup dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Unable to get backup data from the database server servername ERROR Unable to commit the backup dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR simulated backup failed dbspace_name blobspace_name ERROR Version version number of the XBSA shared library is not compatible with version version number of ON Bar Either Informix did not certify the XBSA shared library provided by the storage management vendor or an error occurred during installation of ON Bar Verify that ON Bar was installed properly Verify that the XBSA library has been certified ERROR DB blobspace dbspace_name blobspace_name does not exist Verify that the dbspace or blobspace exists in this database server ERROR Unable to determine if dbspace_name is critical media or not ERROR Unable to start the logical restore dbspace_name ERROR Must restore logical logs from date_time or later User wishes to stop the restore at a logical log that is too early A dbspace or blobspace backup occurred after the log that the user specified Retry the restore up to the specified logical log or later ERROR Unable to write restore data to the database server servername ON Bar Messages A 7 ON Bar Messages 43045 43046 43047 43048 43049 43050 43051 43052 43053 43054 43055 43056 430
95. me Optional Currently not used sm_version CHAR 18 The version of the storage manager Currently not used Tip After you install ISM run the ism_startup init script to automatically add Q the ISM version information to the bar_version table If you have problems running 5 6 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server ON Bar verify that the sm_versions file or the bar_version table contains the correct entry for ISM and the correct syntax The bar_object Table The bar_object Table The bar_object catalog table describes each backup object Column Name Type Explanation obj_srv_name CHAR 18 The Dynamic Server name Used to ensure that objects are restored to the correct database server obj_oid SERIAL The object identifier A unique number within the table This table is a list of all storage spaces and logical logs from each database server for which at least one backup attempt was made Can be used to join with the bar_action and bar_instance tables obj_name CHAR 18 The user name for the object For example dbs1 3 is the name of log file 3 obj_type CHAR 2 Backup object type CD critical dbspace L logical log ND noncritical dbspace R rootdbs B blobspace Catalog Tables 5 7 The bar_ server Table The bar_server Table The bar_server catalog table lists the database servers in an installation This table is used to ensure that backup objects are returned to their proper pla
96. meter Each new instance of ON Bar creates a new XBSA session For information about how to set a limit on the number of ON Bar processes that can run in parallel see BAR_MAX_BACKUP on page 4 7 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 39 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager Planning a Backup System for a Production Database Server Analyzing Your Database Server System Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Analyzing Storage Manager Requirements Analyzing Storage Device Requirements Installing and Configuring the Storage oe Configuring ISM Configuring a Third Party Storage Manager Configuring ON Bar Setting ISM Environment Variables and ONCONFIG Parameters Default ON Bar and Storage Manager Configuration Default ONCONFIG Parameter Values that ON Bar Uses Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Specify the Location of the XBSA Library Verify Compatibility Information Before You Make Your First Test Backup Using ON Bar When You Upgrade the Database Server 2 4 2 4 2 5 2 7 2 8 2 9 2 9 2 10 2 10 2 11 2 11 2 12 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 15 2 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server his chapter provides the information that you need to plan and set up ON Bar with a storage manager in a test environment The test configu ration of ON Bar and a single instance of Informix Storage Manager
97. n a storage space backup identifies the first logical log required to restore from this backup 2 of 2 The bar_version Table The bar_version catalog table lists the compatible versions of ON Bar XBSA and storage manager The line for the storage manager should use this format 1 XBSA_ver S_M_Name S_M_ver XBSA_ver is the release version of the XBSA shared library for the storage manager S_M_Name is the name of the storage manager and S_M_ver is the storage manager version No field can be longer than 18 characters The following example shows the line for ISM 1J1 0 1 ism 1 Catalog Tables 5 5 The bar_ version Table The information in this catalog table originates in the sm_version file which is installed in the INFORMIXDIR etc subdirectory The sm_version std file is a sample At least one record in this file must be added to the bar_version table in the sysutils database You can use a text editor to update sm_versions or use DB Access to update the bar_version catalog table WIN NT Because the sm_version file is not available on Windows NT use DB Access to update the bar_version catalog table Column Name Type Explanation bar_version CHAR 18 The version of ON Bar Can be used to join with the bar_instance table bsa_version CHAR 18 The version of XBSA that the storage manager returns bar_sm CHAR 18 The name of the storage manager See the storage manager documentation for the correct na
98. nd a user guide for backing up and restoring data that Informix Dynamic Server manages This manual explains the concepts and methods that you can use to back up and restore your data Types of Users This manual is for the following users m Database server administrators m Backup operators This manual assumes that you have the following background m A working knowledge of your computer your operating system and the utilities that your operating system provides m Some experience working with relational databases or exposure to database concepts m Some experience with database server administration operating system administration or network administration If you have limited experience with relational databases SQL or your operating system refer to Getting Started with Informix Dynamic Server for a list of supplementary titles Introduction 3 Software Deoendencies Software Dependencies This manual assumes that your database server is one of the following products m Informix Dynamic Server Version 7 3 m Informix Dynamic Server Developer Edition Version 7 3 m Informix Dynamic Server Workgroup Edition Version 7 3 Assumptions About Your Locale Informix products can support many languages cultures and code sets All culture specific information is brought together in a single environment called a GLS Global Language Support locale This manual assumes that you are using the default locale en_us 8859 1
99. ng formula required_memory BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE page_size 5 MB The ONCONFIG file specifies the settings for BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT and BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE The page size is 4 kilobytes on Windows NT and either 2 or 4 kilobytes on UNIX depending on the platform 2 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements Analyzing Your Database Server Usage Requirements The following database server usage requirements also affect your decisions about the storage manager and storage devices The amount and rate of transaction activity that you expect The size and number of storage spaces in the database When ON Bar backs up each storage space it also records the backup event and finds the next storage space to process Because this processing time is the same for each storage space many small storage spaces take slightly longer to back up than a few large storage spaces of the same total size m Whether storage spaces are mirrored and how easy it is to regenerate data if they are not as opposed to restoring data from a backup tape If storage spaces are mirrored you usually do not have to restore damaged or corrupted data You can use external backups and restores to regenerate data from external sources m The number of incremental backups that you want to restore if a disk or system failure requires you to rebuild the database All backups take about
100. ntory window in the ISM Administrator program If the retention status of the save set has not expired you can use ON Bar to restore it If it has expired you must re create the save set entry in the ISM catalog with the ism_catalog recreate_from command For details see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide Using ON Bar 3 21 Data Recovery Procedures When the ISM server receives a restore request either the ism_watch command or the ISM Administrator program prompts you to mount the required storage volume on the storage device When you mount the volume the restore will resume Check for label and mount requests in the Devices window of the ISM Administrator program Data Recovery Procedures This section describes procedures for recovering data using restartable restore or external restores from backups Recovering Data Using Restartable Restore If a failure occurs with the database server media or ON Bar during a restore you can restart the restore at the place that it failed You can restart the following types of restores whole system restore point in time restore m 7 m storage spaces restore m logical part of a cold restore If the failure occurred during a physical restore ON Bar restarts the restore at the storage space and level where the failure occurred It does not matter whether the restore was warm or cold However if the failure occurred during a warm restore and shut down the dat
101. o restore data completely on the replacement computer Level 1 Backups A level 1 backup contains a copy of every table page that has changed since the last level O backup The data that is copied to the backup reflects the state of the data at the time that the level 1 backup began A level 1 backup takes less space and might takes less time than a level 0 backup because only data that changed is copied to the storage manager Level 0 backups can be time consuming because ON Bar writes all the disk pages to backup media Level 1 and level 2 backups might take almost as much time as a level O0 backup because ON Bar must scan all the data to determine what has changed since the last backup Performance varies depending on the relative speed of the disk drives used for the Dynamic Server data and backup media The major advantage is restore time It takes less time to restore data from level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups than from level 0 backups and a long series of logical log backups If you create level 0 backups infrequently the level 1 backup might be large For example if you completed the last level 0 backup a day ago you might not have many changes and the level 1 backup will be small However if the last level 0 backup was a month ago and many changes have occurred since then the level 1 backup will be considerably larger The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 13 What Is a Logical Log Backup Level 2 Backups A level 2 b
102. ocation of the physical log E drop a chunk or dbspace 3 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup To reclaim space or create new dbspaces or logical log files make a level 0 backup of all affected dbspaces when you make the following changes After you change your storage manager configuration After you add a dbspace or blobspace and before you restore After you start mirroring for a dbspace that contains logical log files After you add a logical log file to make the log file available After you drop a logical log file After you move one or more logical log files drop the old logical log file and add the new logical log file After you change the size or location of the physical log and reini tialize shared memory After you drop a chunk before you can reuse the dbspace that contains that chunk Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Before you create a backup perform the following tasks to help ensure successful completion of the backup Be sure that you have enough logical log space to create a backup Print or keep a copy of essential database server configuration information Verify data consistency Using ON Bar 3 5 Ensuring Successful Completion of the Backup Ensuring That You Have Enough Logical Log Space Back up logical logs to free space m Ifyou want to keep one logical log for ON Bar set the LBU_PRESERVE configuration param
103. ogical log file is used The value L means that the last checkpoint occurred when the indicated logical log file was current The value C indicates the current log If B appears in the third column the logical log file is already backed up U B L The following example shows the output of onstat 1 when you use it to monitor logical logs gt onstat 1 Informix Dynamic Server Version 7 30 On Line Up 01 35 15 8896 Kbytes Physical Logging Buffer bufused bufsize numpages numwrits pages io P 1 0 16 0 0 0 00 phybegin physize phypos phyused used 10003f 800 332 0 0 00 Logical Logging Buffer bufused bufsize numrecs numpages numwrits recs pages pages io L 2 0 16 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 Subsystem numrecs Log Space used OLDRSAM 1 32 address number flags uniqid begin size used Zused a038e78 U B 1 10035f 500 500 100 00 a038e94 2 U B 2 100553 500 500 100 00 a038eb0 3 n a 3 100747 500 366 73 20 a038ecc 4 F 0 10093b 500 0 0 00 a038ee8 5 Friern 0 100b2f 500 0 0 00 a038f04 6 parpi 0 100d23 500 0 0 00 For information about how to use the onstat utility to monitor the status of logical log files see your Administrator s Guide The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 17 What Is a Logical Log Backup Using Manual or Continuous Logical Log Backups You can either back up the logical logs manually or start a continuous logical log backup To back up all the logical log files that are full start a logical log ba
104. olume pool and logical log files to volumes in the ISMLogs volume pool or whatever pools are specified in the ONCONFIG file Always keep the volumes from the ISMLogs pool mounted to ensure that a storage device is always available to accept logical log data If the volume is not mounted the backup will pause If you are using ISM onbar b also backs up the ISM catalog that contains information about the backed up data During the backup operation ISM creates save sets of the backed up data and enters records in the ISM catalog Backing Up D Storage Spaces L evel f file_w_names 3 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Element Purpose Specifies a backup process Backing Up Storage Spaces Key Considerations Backs up the storage spaces logical logs and the ISM catalog if it exists Performs a simulated backup You can execute this option whether or not a storage manager application is running ON Bar ignores dbspace_name if you specify it Use simulated backups to change database logging modes to allow the user to use new logs chunks or mirrors without performing a backup or in special situations when you the administrator judge that a backup is not needed No backup actually occurs so no restore is possible from a simulated backup Informix recom mends that you use simulated backups sparingly if at all For more information on simulated backups see your Archive and Backup Gui
105. on UNIX or a dll on Windows NT The BAR_BSALIB_PATH parameter is supported only on some platforms To determine if BAR_BSALIB_PATH is supported on your platform check your release or machine notes 1 of 2 Configuring ON Bar 4 3 Setting ON Bar Configuration Parameters Parameter BAR_MAX_BACKUP BAR_NB_XPORT_CO UNT BAR_RETRY BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE LOG_BACKUP_MOD E LTAPEDEV RESTARTABLE_REST ORE TAPEDEV 4 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Purpose Specifies the maximum number of processes per onbar command Specifies the number of shared memory data buffers for each onbar_d process Specifies how many times ON Bar should retry a backup logical log backup or restore operation if the first attempt fails Specifies the size in pages of the buffers that IDS uses to exchange data with each onbar_d process Specifies how to handle full logical log files if using IECC Specifies the tape device where logical logs are backed up Do not set LTAPEDEV to dev null on UNIX or nul on Windows NT or else logical log backups will not work because the database server will mark them as backed up If you specify a tape device ON Bar ignores the value Turns restartable restore on or off Specifies the tape device where storage spaces are backed up ON Bar does not use the TAPEDEV parameter 2 of 2 Server UNIX WIN NT ALARM PROGRAM ALARM PROGRAM default value INFORMIXDIR etc log_ful
106. orage manager that your system uses You can use either Informix Storage Manager ISM or a storage manager that a third party vendor provides Backup data on storage media The ON Bar activity log The ON Bar emergency boot file 1 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What Is ON Bar Figure 1 1 ON Bar Components Storage spaces A logical logs sysutils iis N cap Y ON Bar commands Activity log XBSA Storage manager Y Emergency boot file Backup media The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 5 The ON Bar Utility Suite The ON Bar Utility Suite The ON Bar utility suite includes the following utilities onbar The onbar utility is an editable shell script on UNIX and a batch file on Windows NT that starts the ON Bar driver Use the onbar script or batch file to check the storage manager version and customize backup and restore operations onbar_d The ON Bar driver which starts and controls backup and restore activ ities was renamed onbar_d Use the onbar command to start backup and restore operations You can call onbar and onbar_d from the command line a script a scheduler such as cron UNIX or a storage manager process Database Server and Storage Manager Communication ON Bar communicates with both Dynamic Server and the storage manager The ON Bar driver onbar_d creates child onbar_d processes that perform backup and restore operations For
107. overy mode ON Bar salvages logical logs automatically before a cold restore unless you specify a physical restore only ON Bar salvages the logical logs that are used before it restores the root dbspace To make sure that no data is lost before you start the cold restore you should manually salvage the logical logs in the following situations m If you must replace the media that contains the logical logs If the media that contains the logical logs is no longer available the log salvage will fail resulting in data loss m If you plan to specify a physical restore only onbar r p For an example of how to salvage logical logs manually see page 3 21 For more information on a cold restore see The Server Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 25 a Warning You will lose transactions in logical log files that are not backed up or ON salvaged What Is an ON Bar Restore An ON Bar restore operation re creates Dynamic Server data that has become inaccessible because of hardware or software failure hardware replacement or user error For example any one of the following conditions might require that you restore your database server data m You need to replace a disk that contains the database server data A logic error in a program has corrupted a database You need to move all of your database server data to a new computer m A user accidentally corrupted or destroyed data 1 20 Backup and Restore Guide for Informi
108. owing the diagram explains the value flag A flag is usually an abbreviation for a function menu or option name or for a compiler or preprocessor argument You must enter a flag exactly as shown including the preceding hyphen ext A filename extension such as sql or cob might follow a variable that represents a filename Type this extension exactly as shown immediately after the name of the file The extension might be optional in certain products Punctuation and mathematical notations are literal symbols that you must enter exactly as shown Single quotes are literal symbols that you must enter as shown Privileges p 5 17 A reference in a box represents a subdiagram Imagine that the subdiagram is spliced into the main diagram at this point When a page number is not specified the subdiagram appears on the same page e A shaded option is the default action gt _ gt Syntax within a pair of arrows indicates a subdiagram The vertical line terminates the command 1 of 2 Introduction 11 Command Line Conventions setenv Element Description A branch below the main path indicates an optional f OFF path Any term on the main path is required unless ON a branch can circumvent it A loop indicates a path that you can repeat Punctuation 3 along the top of the loop indicates the separator symbol variable for list items A gate A ona path indicates th
109. p Preparing for a Backup This section explains the preliminary steps that you must take before you perform storage space and logical log backups Installing and Configuring a Storage Manager Before you can create a backup with ON Bar you must configure ISM or another storage manager on the database server Instructions for a simple ON Bar and ISM test configuration appear in Chapter 2 Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager For information about ONCONKIG settings for storage managers see Chapter 4 Configuring ON Bar Make sure your storage manager is ready to receive data before you begin a backup or restore Reserve separate storage devices for storage space and logical log backups if possible Label and mount all tapes in the storage device The backup or restore will pause until you mount the requested tape or optical disk For information about configuring ISM see the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide For information about configuring third party storage managers see your storage manager manuals Synchronizing Administrative Tasks with Backups The following administrative changes require a level 0 backup as part of the procedure Consider waiting to make these changes until your next regularly scheduled level 0 backup To ensure that you can restore data you need to make a level 0 backup of the root dbspace when you m add mirroring m add a logical log file m change the size or l
110. r Identifies the successful action that created this instance of the backup object Combined with ins_oid can be used to join with the bar_action table Object identifier Identifies the affected object Can be used to join with the bar_object table Combined with ins_aid can be used to join with the bar_action table Time stamp The database server uses this value when it creates the next level backup Level of the backup action 0 for a complete storage space or logical log backup 1 for a backup of any changes to this object since its last level 0 backup 2 for a backup of any changes since the last level 1 backup This value is always 0 for logical log backups 1 of 2 Column Name Type INTEGER The bar_ version Table Explanation The high bits of the instance copy identifier ins_copyid_hi ins_copyid_lo ins_version ins_first_log INTEGER CHAR 18 INTEGER Combined with ins_copyid_lo it is a unique value that the storage manager assigns to link the ON Bar object identifier with the storage manager object identifier The low bits of the instance copy identifier Combined with ins_copyid_hi it is a unique value that the storage manager assigns to link the ON Bar object identifier with the storage manager object identifier ON Bar version that created this instance Tracks compatibility among versions of ON Bar storage managers and XBSA Can be used to join with the bar_version table I
111. r blobpages from deleted TEXT and BYTE data do become free when the blobspace is available again even though the TEXT and BYTE data within is not backed up Warning You cannot perform a warm restore of a blobspace from a backup unless you also back up all the logical logs associated with the blobspace If you write an application to insert or update TEXT and BYTE data in a blobspace you must back up all the logical logs including the current logical log If you perform a warm restore of a blobspace without backing up the logical logs after inserting or updating data in a blobspace the database server might end up in an unusable state In addition regardless of whether the database uses transaction logging when you create a blobspace or add a chunk to a blobspace the blobspace or new chunk is not available for use until the log file that records the event is not the current log file For information on switching log files see your Administrator s Guide The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 19 What Is an ON Bar Restore When to Salvage Logical Log Files When the database server is off line you can perform a logical log backup also called a log salvage It backs up any logical logs that have not yet been backed up and are not corrupted or destroyed You can then roll these logs forward during restore resulting in a minimum of lost data ON Bar does not salvage the logs if the database server is on line quiescent or in fast rec
112. r Use With ISM 3 4 3 4 3 10 3 11 3 14 3 14 3 15 3 18 3 21 3 22 3 22 3 24 3 29 3 30 3 31 4 10 4 10 4 11 4 12 4 13 Table of Contents v Chapter 5 Appendix A Appendix B Catalog Tables The bar_action Table The bar_instance Table The bar_version Table The bar_object Table The bar_server Table E gt ON Bar Catalog Map The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot File ON Bar Messages ON Bar GLS Support Index 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 7 5 9 5 10 Introduction About This Manual Types of Users Software Dependencies Assumptions About Your Locale Demonstration Database New Features Documentation Conventions Typographical Conventions Icon Conventions l Comment Icons Feature Product and Platform cons Compliance Icons Command Line Conventions How to Read a Command Line Diagram Additional Documentation On Line Manuals Printed Manuals On Line Help Error Message Files Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes Related Reading Compliance with Industry Standards Informix Welcomes Your Comments ORMOND A OTR B WW RRR POG PPR RRP RE DP FP BWW W me N N 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server ead this introduction for an overview of the information provided in this manual and for an understanding of the documentation conventions used About This Manual This manual is both a reference manual a
113. r restore attempt succeeded The ON Bar activity log also records approximately how long an operation took and lists the objects that ON Bar backed up or restored About ON Bar Messages The default location and name of the ON Bar activity log is tmp bar_act log on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR bar_ lt servername gt log on Windows NT To specify a different location and name for the ON Bar activity log set the BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter For information see BAR_ACT_LOG on page 4 5 About ON Bar Messages This section explains how to read and interpret messages in the ON Bar activity log Message Format A message in the ON Bar activity log has the following format timestamp_process_idparent_process_idmessage Figure A 1 describes each field in the message No error message numbers appear in the activity log Figure A 1 ON Bar Message Format Message Field Description timestamp Date and time when ON Bar writes the message process id The number that the operating system uses to identify this instance of ON Bar parent process id The number that the operating system uses to identify the process that executed this instance of ON Bar message The ON Bar message text A 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Message Format The following example illustrates a typical entry in the ON Bar activity log 1995 01 17 10 09 591217 1259 43046 Unable to open connection to server Attempt to get a tr
114. re of each storage space then a logical restore You can perform the physical and logical restore at the same time or sequentially What you need to do after a cold restore 1 Copy the emergency boot file to a safe place 2 Perform a level 0 backup 3 Copy any files that the storage manager requires For information about how ON Bar uses the emergency boot file in a cold restore see The Catalog Tables and the Emergency Boot File on page 5 10 1 26 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Restoring to a Point in Time Handling Off Line Storage Spaces If a storage space was never backed up it cannot be restored and is marked as off line after the cold restore Drop the storage space so that you can reuse its disk space Warning If you have not backed up a storage space and you try a cold restore its data will be lost Restoring to a Point in Time A point in time restore is a cold restore that you can use to undo mistakes that might otherwise not be fixable such as dropping a table A full restore restores the table during the physical restore but drops it again during the logical restore A point in time restore lets you restore all data only to the moment just before the table was dropped You cannot restore only a particular storage space to a specific time You can perform a whole system point in time restore Important You can now do a point in time restore on a dropped storage space For de
115. rectly from the CD For information about how to install read and print on line manuals see the installation insert that accompanies Answers OnLine Printed Manuals To order printed manuals call 1 800 331 1763 or send email to moreinfo informix com Please provide the following information when you place your order m The documentation that you need m The quantity that you need m Your name address and telephone number Introduction 13 On Line Help WIN NT UNIX WIN NT On Line Help Informix provides Help screens with each graphical user interface GUI that display information about the interfaces and the functions that they perform To display these Help screens use the Help facilities provided with each GUL Error Message Files Informix software products provide ASCII files that contain all the Informix error messages and their corrective actions For a detailed description of these error messages refer to Informix Error Messages in Answers OnLine To read error messages in UNIX use the following commands Command Description finderr Displays error messages on line rofferr Formats error messages for printing To read error messages and corrective actions on Windows NT use the Informix Find Error utility To display this utility choose Start gt Programs Informix from the Task Bar Documentation Notes Release Notes Machine Notes In addition to printed documentation the following sections
116. reside in the INFORMIXDIR bin directory on UNIX platforms and the INFORMIXDIR bin directory on Windows NT platforms For a complete explanation of how to create and populate the stores7 demonstration database refer to the DB Access User Manual For an explanation of how to create and populate the sales_demo database refer to the Informix Guide to Database Design and Implementation New Features Most of the new features for Version 7 3 of Informix Dynamic Server fall into five major areas Reliability availability and serviceability Performance Windows NT specific features Application migration Manageability Several additional features affect connectivity replication and the optical subsystem For a comprehensive list of new features see the release notes for your database server Introduction 5 Documentation Conventions This manual describes the following new features that are implemented in Version 7 3 of Dynamic Server Informix Enterprise Command Center IECC a new graphical interface for performance monitoring and administration Informix Storage Manager ISM a native storage manager for backup media The onbar shell script which allows you to set up ISM and execute multiple backup and restore commands at once Restartable restore which allows you to restart a cold restore at the place it failed Restore of on line storage spaces External backup and restore which allows you to copy disks cont
117. rmix Guide to GLS Functionality describes the SQL identifiers that support non ASCII characters Non ASCII characters include both 8 bit and multibyte characters You can use non ASCII characters in the database names and filenames with the ON Bar and onutil commands and for filenames in the ONCOMFIG file For example you can specify a non ASCII filename for the ON Bar activity log in BAR_ACT_LOG and a non ASCII pathname for the storage manager library in BAR_BSALIB_PATH Identifiers That Require 7 Bit ASCII Characters You must use 7 bit ASCII characters for the following identifiers m Storage space names m Database server names Locale of ON Bar Messages All ON Bar messages appear in the activity log in the client locale except the messages that the database server issues For example the part of the message that tells you that a database server error occurred appears in the client locale and the server generated part appears in the server locale B 2 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Using the GL_DATETIME Environment Variable with ON Bar The database server must know how to interpret and convert the end user formats when they appear in date or time data that the client application sends You can use the GL_DATE and GL_DATETIME environment variables to specify alternative date and time formats If you do not set these environment variables ON Bar uses the date and time format of the client locale
118. ry Attempt to build a where clause for the specified query failed Verify that the data needed to create the where clause exists WARNING Failed to add selected row to linked list for query Attempt to add the selected row to the linked list failed Re enter the indicated row A 4 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server 43010 43011 43012 43013 43014 43015 43016 43017 43018 ON Bar Messages ERROR Missing data for table_name Required data is missing Verify that the data exists ERROR Updates to table_name primary key are not allowed Updating the primary key for a table is not allowed First delete the row and then insert a new row with the new primary key ERROR Unable to open connection to server The database server is in an incorrect state Bring the server to the correct state For a backup the server should be in on line or quiescent mode For a warm restore the server should be in on line quiescent backup or recovery mode For a cold restore the server should be off line This can be done with the onmode or oninit commands WARNING Physical restore complete Logical restore required before work can continue You must perform a logical restore to bring all restored dbspace and blobspaces to a consistent state ERROR Unable to read ONCONFIG parameters The ONCONFIG file is inaccessible It may be missing or have incorrect permission values Verify that an ONCONFIG file
119. s Configuring ON Bar 4 5 BAR_BSALIB_PATH UNIX WIN NT BAR_BSALIB_PATH default value UNIX usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension Windows NT ISMDIR bin libbsa dll takes effect When onbar starts ON Bar and the storage manager rely on a shared library to integrate with each other Configure the BAR_BSALIB_PATH configuration parameter for your storage manager library Support for BAR_BSALIB_PATH is platform specific Check your machine notes to determine if you can use it with your operating system To ensure that this integration takes place set one of the following options m Specify the library pathname m Specify a real library in usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension The default pathname of BAR_BSALIB_PATH is usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension where platform_extension is the shared library file extension For example the suffix for Solaris is so so you specify usr lib ibsad001 so on a Solaris system m Place the storage manager library in any directory that you choose and create a symbolic link to it from usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension If you are using ISM on UNIX the pathname would be INFORMIXDIR lib libbsa platform_extension If you are using ISM the default pathname of BAR_BSALIB_PATH is ISMDIR bin libbsa dll The ISMDIR variable includes a version or release number For example set ISMDIR C program files informix ism 1 00 This directory is set when the database server is inst
120. s from where it left off The logical restore must complete before the database server will come on line 3 18 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring Specified Storage Spaces To restore particular storage spaces for example two dbspaces named fin_dbspacel and fin_dbspace2 use the r option as the following example shows onbar r fin_dbspacel fin_dbspace2 If any spaces are on line they are skipped in the restore Restoring the Whole System A whole system restore is the only restore that does not require you to restore the logical logs To restore the whole system use the r and w options as the following example shows onbar r w If you use onbar b to back up your data you must use onbar r to restore If you use onbar b w to back up the whole system you can use either onbar r w to restore all of your data or onbar r p w to restore just the physical data If you use onbar r p w the database server is in fast recovery mode when the restore completes You can then either perform a logical restore onbar r 1 or bring the database server on line using onmode m or oninit y Restoring Data to a Point in Time To restore database server data to its state at a specific date and time enter a command using the date and time format for your GLS locale as this example shows onbar r t 1997 05 10 12 00 00 The format for the Eng
121. se the XBSA shared library provided with ISM ON Bar uses XBSA to exchange the following types of information with a storage manager m Control data ON Bar exchanges control data with a storage manager to verify that ON Bar and XBSA are compatible to ensure that objects are restored to the proper instance of Dynamic Server and in the proper order and to track the history of backup objects m Backup or restore data During backups and restores ON Bar and the storage manager use XBSA to exchange data from specified storage spaces or logical log files ON Bar uses XBSA transactions to ensure data consistency All operations included in a transaction are treated as a unit All operations within a trans action must succeed for objects transferred to the storage manager to be restorable The ON Bar Tables ON Bar uses the following catalog tables in the sysutils database to check the compatibility of component versions as well as to track backup and restore operations A list of ON Bar tables in the sysutils database follows The bar_server table tracks instances of Dynamic Server The bar_object table tracks backup objects A backup object can be a dbspace blobspace or logical log file m The bar_action table tracks all backup and restore attempts against each backup object except some log salvage and cold restore events 1 8 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server The Emergency Boot File m The bar_instan
122. st of Storage Spaces Backing Up the ISM Catalog Backing Up Logical Log Files Performing a Continuous Logical Log Backup Performing a Manual Backup of Logical Logs Using Logical Log Backup Completion Messages Restoring Data When to Perform a Warm or r Cold Restore Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore Examples of ON Bar Restore Commands Restoring all Down Storage Spaces and d Logical Logs Restoring all Storage Spaces Restoring Logical Logs Only Restoring Specified Storage Spaces Restoring the Whole System Restoring Data to a Point in Time 3 4 3 7 3 19 3 19 Restoring a Dropped Storage Space 3 20 Restoring On Line Storage Spaces 3 20 Salvaging Logical Logs 2 2 2 2 we eee 821 Performing a Cold Restore 2 1 1 3 21 Restoring SaveSetswithISM 2 2 2 wwe ee 821 Data Recovery Procedures So Aa 4 eu ab ue B22 Recovering Data Using Restartable Restore BGs pina Hh Mattes Be B22 Restartable RestoreExample 3 23 Logical Restore Performance 2 we 1 3 23 Physical Log Overflow D Kta Ge etn He OES Recovering Data Using External Backup and Restore bo eens ae cone TORZA Performing an External Backup 3 24 Rules for Doing an External Backup 1 3 25 Performing an External Restore eS de eles 3 45 Se T29 Examples of External Restore Commands ee a Bh J as
123. store Logical log backup description 3 11 to 3 13 logging turned off 1 16 syntax 3 11 LOG_BACKUP_MODE 3 12 4 10 log_full sh shell script 4 5 LTAPEDEV 4 10 M Machine notes Intro 15 Manual log backup example 3 12 specifying 1 18 Message file error messages Intro 14 See also Activity log ON Bar Mixed restore defined 1 4 1 28 Mode how to set 1 24 N New features Version 7 3 Intro 5 O Off line storage spaces restoring 1 27 ON Bar activity log 1 9 A 1 backup sequence 1 34 cold restore sequence 1 38 components 1 4 described 1 3 to 1 9 list of files not backed up by 1 11 maximum number of child processes 1 39 message file 1 9 warm restore sequence 1 36 XBSA interface 1 8 See also Configuration parameters Emergency boot file ON Bar catalog tables Storage manager ON Bar catalog tables bar_action 5 3 bar_instance 5 4 bar_object 5 7 bar_server 5 8 bar_version 2 13 5 5 described 1 8 map 5 9 onbar script description 1 6 usage and examples 3 29 onbar driver child process 1 34 description 1 6 onbar_d See onbar driver oncfg file 1 11 3 6 ONCONKFIG See Configuration parameters On line manuals Intro 13 On line storage spaces restoring 3 20 onlog utility 1 27 onmode command 1 26 3 24 ON_RECVRY_THREADS 1 22 P Parallel backup and restore 1 39 Physical restore See Restore Planning a backup system 2 4 Platform icons Intro 9 Point in time restore described 1 2
124. t available until after you restore them during a warm restore even though they might not have been damaged by the failure of a critical dbspace What is a Restartable Restore If something goes wrong with the database server media or ON Bar during a restore you can restart the restore at the place it failed You do not have to restart the restore from the beginning The physical restore restarts at the storage space and level where the failure occurred If the restore failed while some but not all chunks of a storage space were restored even a restarted restore must restore that storage space from the beginning ON Bar keeps track of the storage spaces and logical logs that were already restored The logical restore restarts at the last successfully replayed checkpoint before the failure occurred You can restart a storage space restore for either a warm or cold restore However you can restart a logical log restore only for a cold restore When you restart the logical restore ON Bar replays the logical logs starting from the log file that contains the most recent checkpoint 1 28 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server What is a Restartable Restore You can restart a point in time whole system or storage space restore Figure 1 7 shows how a restartable restore works when the restore failed during a physical restore of dbspace2 For example you are restoring the level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups of rootdbs t
125. tails see Restoring a Dropped Storage Space on page 3 20 To determine the appropriate date and time for the restore use the onlog utility which your Administrator s Guide describes The onlog output displays the date and time of the committed transactions Do not use the database server time or your watch to determine the point in restore time because it might not be accurate When you restore Dynamic Server to a specific time any transactions that were uncommitted when the failure occurred or at the specified point in time are lost even though they are included in an existing logical log backup Also all transactions after the point in time restore are lost For information on how to restore a database to a specific time see Restoring Data on page 3 14 The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 27 Performing a Mixed Restore Performing a Mixed Restore A mixed restore is a cold restore followed by a warm restore If you perform a restore but you need to provide access to a particular table or set of tables as soon as possible you might want to perform a mixed restore A mixed restore restores the critical dbspaces and the storage spaces that contain the important tables during a cold restore while Dynamic Server is off line You might choose to restore some or all of the remaining storage spaces and logical logs while Dynamic Server is on line The storage spaces that you do not restore during the cold restore are no
126. tes This item describes feature differences from earlier versions of Informix products and how these differ ences might affect current products This file also contains information about any known problems and their workarounds Machine notes do not apply to Windows NT platforms Introduction 15 Related Reading UNIX WIN NT Related Reading The following publications provide additional information about the topics that are discussed in this manual For a list of publications that provide an introduction to database servers and operating system platforms refer to Getting Started with Informix Dynamic Server An Introduction to Database Systems by C J Date Addison Wesley Publishing 1995 Transaction Processing Concepts and Techniques by Jim Gray and Andreas Reuter Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc 1993 Informix manuals assume that you are familiar with your computer operating system If you have limited experience with your operating system consult your operating system manual or a good introductory text before you read this manual The following texts provide a good introduction to UNIX systems Introducing the UNIX System by H McGilton and R Morgan McGraw Hill Book Company 1983 Learning the UNIX Operating System by G Todino J Strang and J Peek O Reilly amp Associates 1993 A Practical Guide to the UNIX System by M Sobell Benjamin Cummings Publishing 1989 UNIX System V A Practical Guide
127. tes or machine notes Figure 2 1 Specifying the Location of the XBSA Library Location AIX 3 x AIX 4 x UNIX Other Windows NT usr lib ibsad001 0 Yes No No No usr lib ibsad001 ext None 0 sl or so dll Library pathnamein No No Yes Yes BAR_BSALIB_PATH use LIBPATH use LIBPATH environment variable environment variable instead instead Symbolic link Yes Yes Yes No LIBPATH environment No Yes Depends on the No variable in onbar script platform UNIX Verify Compatibility Information Before ON Bar starts a backup or restore process it calls the currently installed version of the storage manager specific XBSA shared library to get its version number If this version is compatible with the current version of ON Bar and is defined in the sm_versions file ON Bar begins the requested operation The information from the sm_versions file is in the bar_version table in the sysutils database If you are using a third party storage manager the vendor supplies a row for the bar_version table that contains the version number For more infor mation see The bar_version Table on page 5 5 If you need to update the version number manually add this row to the bar_version table and to the INFORMIXDIR etc sm_versions file Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 13 Before You Make Your First Test Backup WIN NT If you need to update the version number manually perform one of the following steps
128. the environment variables and other features for the storage manager For information see your storage manager documentation m ON Bar can find the storage manager version of the XBSA shared library To find out where ON Bar expects to find this library read Specify the Location of the XBSA Library on page 2 12 m the storage manager is compatible with the latest version of ON Bar To find out where this information is stored read Verify Compati bility Information on page 2 13 Specify the Location of the XBSA Library The default location on UNIX is usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension For UNIX operating systems you can make usr lib ibsad001 platform_extension a symbolic link to the correct library If you are using ISM the default location is ISMDIR bin libbsa dll on Windows NT and INFORMIXDIR lib libbsa platform_extension on UNIX Specify the location in the BAR_BSALIB_PATH parameter if you are not using the default XBSA library If you are using a third party storage manager the default location depends on where the storage manager is installed ON Bar must use the version of the XBSA library that the storage manager manufac turer provides 2 12 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Adding Storage Manager Specific Information Figure 2 1 summarizes the rules for specifying the location of the XBSA library If the extension for your platform is not listed here refer to the release no
129. tivity log in the BAR_ACT_LOG configuration parameter or use the default location tmp bar_act log on UNIX or INFORMIXDIR bar_ lt servername gt log on Windows NT For more information about the activity log and a list of ON Bar informa tional warning and error messages see Appendix A The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 9 What Is an ON Bar Backup What Is an ON Bar Backup An ON Bar backup is a copy of one or more storage spaces and logical logs that Dynamic Server maintains You can restore the backed up database server data if necessary The backup copy is usually written to a secondary storage medium such as magnetic tape We recommend that you store the media off line and keep a copy off site if your media and storage manager permit Important ON Bar backups do not replace ordinary operating system backups which back up all files in directories as specified in the backup command For a list of files to include in routine system backups see What Else Needs to be Backed Up What Storage Spaces Does ON Bar Back Up ON Bar backs up the following types of data m Storage spaces that contain tables and indexes For information about storage space backups and backup levels see What Is a Storage Space Backup on page 1 12 m Logical log files which contain a record of each transaction that occurred in the database You can either back up logical log files separately or together with storage spaces
130. tomatically switch from one tape device to another when the volume in the first device fills If you choose a different storage manager consider whether it supports automatic switching from one device to another m ISM allows migration of data from one backup medium to another For speed you can back up logical logs or storage spaces to disk but you must move them later to tape or other removable media or your disk will become full m ISMallows you to clone copies of backup data for on site and off site storage m ISM uses automatic expiration of data Once all data on a backup media expires you can reuse the media ISM does not support the following functions If you require one or more of these functions consider getting a different storage manager m Distributing a single data stream across multiple devices simulta neously which improves throughput if you have several slow devices m Using different encryption or compression methods for specified storage spaces or databases m Scheduling backups Tip Some third party storage managers have environment variables that you must set up so that ON Bar can communicate correctly with the storage manager Setting Up ON Bar with the Storage Manager 2 7 Choosing Storage Managers and Storage Devices Analyzing Storage Device Requirements Ask the following interrelated questions to determine what storage devices you need For example the speed and type of storage devices partly
131. usted connection failed In the following list messages 43063 through 43093 are storage manager messages If you receive a storage manager error message consult the storage manager logs for more details ON Bar Messages A 3 ON Bar Messages 43002 43003 43004 43005 43006 43007 43008 43009 ON Bar Messages An unexpected error occurred lt text_string gt lt text_string gt WARNING Cannot build where clause of query because there is no data No data was passed to the build where clause function so no where clause can be built The query will proceed without a where clause and will affect all rows in the table ERROR where_clause for query exceeds it s maximum allowed length of maximum _length characters No data was passed to the build where clause function so no where clause can be built The query will proceed without a where clause and will affect all rows in the table WARNING No data to insert into table_name No data was passed to the insert function so no insert was attempted ERROR Unable to convert datetime to string ESQL_return_value Date string is in an invalid format For the proper ANSI style date format consult your Informix manual ERROR Data required to insert a row into table_name An insert in this table cannot happen without the specified data Verify that the required data exists before attempting another insert in this table ERROR Failed to build where clause for que
132. warm restore See The Server Mode for a Warm Restore on page 1 24 You can perform a warm restore of data in noncritical storage spaces under the following circumstances m The target storage space is off line down or on line Taking the storage space off line ensures that users do not try to update its tables during the restore process m The storage space is on line but one of its chunks is off line recov ering or inconsistent If a chunk file was deleted it is automatically recreated when you restore the data If a chunk file is dropped it is not automatically restored unless you do a point in time restore To determine the state of each storage space and its chunks examine the output of the onstat d utility m A table is fragmented across two dbspaces and one of them is down To recover the fragmented table restore the down dbspace m The target storage space is on line Use the O option to restore an on line storage space You can perform a cold restore of storage spaces no matter what state they were in when the database server went down Also restore recopy the administrative files whenever necessary 3 14 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Specifying a Physical and Logical Restore If your database server has failed you must rebuild your databases from a cold restore The database server must be in off line mode For information on how to perform a cold restore see The Server
133. with the Storage Manager For information on how to set up and use ISM refer to the Informix Storage Manager Administrator s Guide Third Party Storage Managers Some third party storage managers can manage stackers robots and jukeboxes as well as simple tape and disk devices These storage managers might perform these additional functions m Schedule backups m Support networked and distributed backups and restores Important For information on the third party storage managers that ON Bar supports consult your Informix Sales Representative or the Informix web site at http www informix com Make sure that the storage manager has passed the Informix validation process The validation process is specific to the backup and restore product version the operating system version and the Informix database server version The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 7 The XBSA Interface X O The XBSA Interface ON Bar and the storage manager communicate through the X Open Backup Services Application Programmer s Interface XBSA which enables the storage manager to manage media for the database server By using an open system interface to the storage manager ON Bar can work with a variety of storage managers that also use XBSA Each storage manager develops and distributes a unique version of the XBSA shared library You must use the version of the XBSA shared library provided with the storage manager For example if you use ISM u
134. x Dynamic Server What is a Physical Restore To restore data up to the time of the failure you must have at least one level 0 backup of each of your storage spaces and the logical log files that contain all transactions since the most recent backups of the storage spaces ON Bar and the database server automatically know which logical logs to restore What is a Physical Restore During a physical restore ON Bar replaces a lost or corrupted storage space with a backup copy from secondary storage media Figure 1 3 illustrates a physical restore Figure 1 3 Physical Restore Backup media Root dbspace Dbspace 1 Dbspace 2 n g If a critical storage space is damaged because of a disk failure or corrupted data Dynamic Server goes off line You need to perform a cold restore to restore at least the critical storage spaces For more information on cold restore see The Server Mode for a Cold Restore on page 1 25 If a disk failure or the corruption of data does not cause the database server to go to off line mode you can restore any noncritical storage spaces For example if one of your disks fails you can restore to a new disk only those storage spaces with chunks that resided on the failed disk If the database server does go off line perform a cold restore The ON Bar Backup and Restore System 1 21 What is a Logical Restore What is a Logical Restore During a logical restore ON Bar uses a
135. ynamic Server BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE default value 15 when the PAGESIZE is 4 k 31 when the PAGESIZE is 2 k units PAGESIZE range of values 1to1 000 000 pages takes effect When onbar starts The BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE configuration parameter specifies the size of each transfer buffer The database server passes the buffer to ON Bar and the storage manager To calculate the size the transfer buffer in a storage space or log backup use the formula BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE PAGESIZE To calculate how much memory the database server needs use the formula BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE PAGESTZE 500 The extra 500 is for overhead For example if BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE is 15 the transfer buffer should be 61 940 bytes XBSA has a 64 kilobyte limit Configuring ON Bar 4 9 LOG_BACKUP_MODE LOG_BACKUP_MODE default value None range of values CONT MANUAL LTAPEDEV ON Bar ignores the value If you turn on continuous logical log backup in IECC it sets LOG_BACKUP_MODE to CONT Use the CONT option if you want to back up logical log files as they fill If you turn off continuous logical log backup in IECC it sets LOG_BACKUP_MODE to MANUAL Use the MANUAL option if you want to queue the logical log files until you can issue an onbar l command takes effect When the database server starts Use the LOG_BACKUP_MODE configuration parameter to determine how logical log files are backed up after they fill The LOG_BACKUP_MODE p
136. you can use the following command to restore all the on line storage spaces in a warm restore You can also restore a list of on line storage spaces with the following command onbar r 0 3 20 Backup and Restore Guide for Informix Dynamic Server Restoring Save Sets with ISM Salvaging Logical Logs If a disk fails you need to replace it before you can perform a cold restore to recover data You should salvage the logical log files that are still on the disk if they are still accessible 1 To salvage logical log files on the damaged disk use the following command onbar l s 2 Replace or repair the disk if necessary 3 Restore copy the administrative files 4 To restore all the storage spaces and logical logs use the following command onbar r Performing a Cold Restore If you must perform a cold restore of your databases from level 0 level 1 and level 2 backups follow these steps 1 Take the database server off line with the following command oninit ky 2 Replace or repair the disk if necessary 3 Salvage logs and restore data with the following command onbar r The onbar r command automatically salvages the logical logs and restores the critical and noncritical storage spaces When the restore is complete the server is in quiescent mode Restoring Save Sets with ISM If you are using ISM you can restore data from save sets on the storage volume Check the save set status in the Volume Inve

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