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GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO - The Linux Documentation Project

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1. ss 22 Evolutionary Computing rer see Retenir entr latente Teee dnde 26 ALEC Class COGE libres cri ar EE her ADA AAA done t et dette leads 26 4 2 EC software kits applications ses 34 LA TITS amp Complex Systems a a ne Anis 35 3 1 Alife amp CS class Cod Nbranies ssssscssssstinee shsaagesiacasessbisaveonsavsvesddcwuessaagaacacdeesssonabenaescdeasesdewnseseaess 35 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc ss 37 6 Agents amp Robots toca 43 6 1 Software A Gents a GUAM ea an ani lin sens 43 6 2 Robotics and Simulators a a a te d ni tte dt 54 T Statistical Machine Learning ces iaiia E castes donation te tn ata 59 JET Taibraries ss saves ie EE Re dia 59 2 APDDHCAONS 5555552800 Hoy ere Rennes sd ne ne ne tn eine rene dag soins Soda ae ENa AEAEE ENES 63 Si Missing Se Dead eri aeei ee nn ni ud R EAE a EEEE EINE ENEE EEE AE ET 63 8 1 MIA Proj cts missing linkage s mes eene iiieoo enai ii i Rides 64 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO by John Eikenberry v3 1 31 Mar 2013 This howto mainly contains information about and links to various AI related software libraries applications etc that work on the GNU Linux platform All of it is at least free for personal use The new master page for this document is http zhar net howto 1 Introduction e 1 1 Purpose e 1 2 What s New e 1 3 Where to find this software e 1 4 Updates and comments e
2. FTP site sunsite unc edu pub academic computer science neural networks programs Aspirin The software that we are releasing now is for creating and evaluating feed forward networks such as those used with the backpropagation learning algorithm The software is aimed both at the expert programmer neural network researcher who may wish to tailor significant portions of the system to his her precise needs as well as at casual users who will wish to use the system with an absolute minimum of effort DDLab 0 Web site http www ddlab com DDLab is an interactive graphics program for research into the dynamics of finite binary networks relevant to the study of complexity emergent phenomena neural networks and aspects of theoretical biology such as gene regulatory networks A network can be set up with any architecture between regular CA 1d or 2d and random Boolean networks networks with arbitrary connections and heterogeneous rules The network may also have heterogeneous neighborhood sizes Emergent Web site http grey colorado edu emergent index php Main Page Note this is a descendant of PDP emergent is a comprehensive full featured neural network simulator that allows for the creation and analysis of complex sophisticated models of the brain in the world With an emphasis on qualitative analysis and teaching it also supports the workflow of professional neural network researchers The GUI environment allows users
3. 0 Web site http sourceforge net projects biome Biome is a C library aimed at individual based agent based simulations It is somewhat similar to Swarm EcoSim or Simex but tries to be more efficient and less monolithic without compromising object oriented design Currently there is an event based scheduling system a C ified Mersenne Twister RNG several general analysis classes some Qt based GUI classes a very basic persistence database framework used also for parameter storage and many other small useful things CAGE Web site http www alcyone com software cage CAGE is a fairy generic and complete cellular automaton simulation engine in Python It supports both 1D and 2D automata a variety of prepackaged rules and the concept of agents which can move about independently on the map for implementing agent behavior Cellular Web site http zhar net howto homeless cellular The Cellular automata programming system consists of a compiler for the Cellang cellular automata programming language along with the corresponding documentation viewer and various tools Postscript versions of the tutorial and language reference manual are available for those wanting more detailed information The most important distinguishing features of Cellang include support for any number of dimensions compile time specification of each dimensions size cell neighborhoods of any size though bounded at compile time and shap
4. receiving and sending 0 Extensible architecture for message handling and agent thread of control management 0 Useful functions for parsing of simple KQML message content 0 JATLiteBean supports automatic advertising of agent capabilities to facilitator agents Automatic optional handling of the forward performative 0 Generic configuration file parser 0 KQML syntax checker 6 1 Software Agents 48 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Java tm Agent Template lyntin Mole Narval NeL OAA Web site www cdr stanford edu ABE JavaA gent html The JAT provides a fully functional template written entirely in the Java language for constructing software agents which communicate peer to peer with a community of other agents distributed over the Internet Although portions of the code which define each agent are portable JAT agents are not migratory but rather have a static existence on a single host This behavior is in contrast to many other agent technologies However using the Java RMI JAT agents could dynamically migrate to a foreign host via an agent resident on that host Currently all agent messages use KQML as a top level protocol or message wrapper The JAT includes functionality for dynamically exchanging Resources which can include Java classes e g new languages and interpreters remote services etc data files and information inlined into the KQML messages Web site lyntin sourceforge net Lyntin
5. Perl Java and TCL wrappers are already available Web site http www jetlag demon nl This program simulates primitive life forms equipped with some basic instincts and abilities in a 2D environment consisting of cells By mutation new generations can prove their success and thus passing on good family values The brain of a TIN can be seen as a collection of processes each representing drives or impulses to behave a certain way depending on the state perception of the environment e g presence of food walls neighbors scent traces These behavior process currently are eating moving mating relaxing tracing others gathering food and killing The process with the highest impulse value takes control or in other words the tin will act according to its most urgent need Ummon 0 Web site http www spacetide com projects ummon Ummon is an advanced Open Source chatterbot The main principle of the bot is that it has no initial knowledge of either words or grammar it learns everything on the fly Numerous AI techniques will be explored in the development of Ummon to achieve realistic human communication with support for different customizable personalities Virtual Secretary Project ViSe Zeus Tcl Tk Web site http www vise cs uit no vise The motivation of the Virtual Secretary project is to construct user model based intelligent software agents which could in most cases replace human for secretari
6. Projects missing linkage 65 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO IBAL 0 Web site http www eecs harvard edu avi IBAL IBAL pronounced eyeball is a general purpose language for probabilistic modeling parameter estimation and decision making It generalizes Bayesian networks hidden Markov models stochastic context free grammars Markov decision processes and allows many new possibilities It also provides a convenient programming language framework with libraries automatic type checking and so on IDEAL Web site http yoda cis temple edu 8080 ideal IDEAL is a test bed for work in influence diagrams and Bayesian networks It contains various inference algorithms for belief networks and evaluation algorithms for influence diagrams It contains facilities for creating and editing influence diagrams and belief networks IDEAL is written in pure Common Lisp and so it will run in Common Lisp on any platform The emphasis in writing IDEAL has been on code clarity and providing high level programming abstractions It thus is very suitable for experimental implementations which need or extend belief network technology At the highest level IDEAL can be used as a subroutine library which provides belief network inference and influence diagram evaluation as a package The code is documented in a detailed manual and so it is also possible to work at a lower level on extensions of belief network methods IDEAL comes with an optional graph
7. Vector Machines SVM It provides a generic SVM object interfacing to several different SVM implementations among them the state of the art LibSVM and SVMLight Each of the SVMs can be combined with a variety of kernels The toolbox not only provides efficient implementations of the most common kernels like the Linear Polynomial Gaussian and Sigmoid Kernel but also comes with a number of recent string kernels as e g the Locality Improved Fischer TOP Spectrum Weighted Degree Kernel with shifts For the latter the efficient LINADD optimizations are implemented Also SHOGUN offers the freedom of working with custom pre computed kernels One of its key features is the combined kernel which can be constructed by a weighted linear combination of a number of sub kernels each of which not necessarily working on the same domain An optimal sub kernel weighting can be learned using Multiple Kernel Learning Currently SVM 2 class classification and regression problems can be dealt with However SHOGUN also implements a number of linear methods like Linear Discriminant Analysis LDA Linear Programming Machine LPM Kernel Perceptrons and features algorithms to train hidden markov models The input feature objects can be dense sparse or strings and of type int short double char and can be converted into different feature types Chains of preprocessors e g substracting the mean can be attached to each feature object allowing for on the fly pre process
8. Graphics and Animation Multimedia Programming Languages and Signal Processing A paradigmatic example of these interdisciplinary efforts is the creation of interactive performances that couple human musical improvisation with intelligent computer agents in real time OpenCyc Pattern 2 1 Al class code libraries Web site http www opencyc org 0 Alt Web site http sourceforge net projects opencyc OpenCyc is the open source version of Cyc the largest and most complete general knowledge base and commonsense reasoning engine An ontology based on 6000 concepts and 60000 assertions about them GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http www clips ua ac be pages pattern Pattern is a web mining module for the Python programming language It bundles tools for data retrieval Google Twitter Wikipedia API web spider HTML DOM parser text analysis rule based shallow parser WordNet interface syntactical semantical n gram search algorithm tf idf cosine similarity LSA metrics and data visualization graph networks PowerLoom 0 Web site http www isi edu isd LOOM PowerLoom PowerLoom is the successor to the Loom knowledge representation system It provides a language and environment for constructing intelligent knowledge based applications PowerLoom uses a fully expressive logic based representation language a variant of KIF It uses a natural deduction inference engine that combines forward and back
9. If you are interested in first order logic theorem proving the formal analysis of software systems protocols formal approaches to AI planning decision procedures modal logic theorem proving SPASS may offer you the right functionality 0 Web site www torch ch Successor Torch5 2 1 Al class code libraries 11 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Torch is a machine learning library written in C Its aim is to provide the state of the art of the best algorithms It is and it will be in development forever Many gradient based methods including multi layered perceptrons radial basis functions and mixtures of experts Many small modules Linear module Tanh module SoftMax module can be plugged together Support Vector Machine for classification and regression 0 Distribution package includes Kmeans Gaussian Mixture Models Hidden Markov Models and Bayes Classifier and classes for speech recognition with embedded training Ensemble models such as Bagging and Adaboost Non parametric models such as K nearest neighbors Parzen Regression and Parzen Density Estimator Torch an open library whose authors encourage everybody to develop new packages to be included in future versions on the official website 2 2 Al software kits applications etc These are various applications software kits etc meant for research in the field of artificial intelligence Their ease of use will vary as they were designed to meet some par
10. Markov Double Pole Balancing Symbiotic Adaptive NeuroEvolution SANE predecessor of ESP e JavaSANE Java software package for applying SANE to new tasks e SANE C C version predecessor of JavaSANE e Pole Balancing Neuron level SANE on the Pole Balancing task NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies NEAT software for evolving neural networks using structure Various C Neural Networks 0 Web site www dontveter com nnsoft nnsoft html Example neural net codes from the book The Pattern Recognition Basics of AI These are simple example codes of these various neural nets They work well as a good starting point for simple experimentation and for learning what the code is like behind the simulators The types of networks available on this site are implemented in C 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries 21 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO The Backprop Package The Nearest Neighbor Algorithms 0 The Interactive Activation Algorithm The Hopfield and Boltzman machine Algorithms The Linear Pattern Classifier 0 ARTI 0 Bi Directional Associative Memory The Feedforward Counter Propagation Network 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications These are various applications software kits etc meant for research in the field of Connectionism Their ease of use will vary as they were designed to meet some particular research interest more than as an easy to use commercial package Aspirin MIGRAINES am6 tar Z on ftp site
11. algorithm for Graphical Belief Function Models and the Lauritzen and Spiegelhalter algorithm for Graphical Probabilistic Models It includes code for manipulating graphical belief models such as Bayes Nets and Relevance Diagrams a subset of Influence Diagrams using both belief functions and probabilities as basic representations of uncertainty It uses the Shenoy and Shafer version of the algorithm so one of its unique features is that it supports both probability distributions and belief functions It also has limited support for second order models probability distributions on parameters bpnn py brain Web site http arctrix com nas python bpnn py A simple back propogation ANN in Python Web site http harthur github com brain Brain is a lightweight JavaScript library for neural networks It implements the standard feedforward multi layer perceptron neural network trained with backpropagation brain simulator CNNs Web site http www briansimulator org Brian is a clock driven simulator for spiking neural networks It is designed with an emphasis on flexibility and extensibility for rapid development and refinement of neural models Neuron models are specified by sets of user specified differential equations threshold conditions and reset conditions given as strings The focus is primarily on networks of single compartment neuron models e g leaky integrate and fire or Hodgkin Huxley type neurons It is writ
12. and developers through a convenient plug in mechanism MAML 0 Web site http www maml hu The current version of MAML is basically an extension to Objective C using the Swarm libraries It consists of a couple of macro keywords that define the general structure of a simulation The remaining must be filled with pure swarm code A MAML to Swarm named xmc compiler is also being developed which compiles the source code into a swarm application MASON Web site http cs gmu edu eclab projects mason MASON Stands for Multi Agent Simulator Of Neighborhoods or Networks or something MASON is a fast discrete event multi agent simulation library core in Java designed to be the foundation for large custom purpose Java simulations and also to provide more than enough functionality for many lightweight simulation needs MASON contains both a model library and an optional suite of visualization tools in 2D and 3D SimWorld 0 Web site http www nd edu airolab simworld New Web site http hrilab tufts edu SimWorld is a free artificial life simulation based on the free SimA gent toolkit developed by Aaron Sloman which provides functionality for running different interacting agents and objects in a simulated continuous environment The agents are controlled by rules written in the powerful rule interpreter New behaviors of agents can be defined without any programming knowledge Swarm Web site www swarm org
13. as medical diagnosis support and credit checking systems 1 3 Where to find this software 4 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 2 1 Al class code libraries These are libraries of code or classes for use in programming within the artificial intelligence field They are not meant as stand alone applications but rather as tools for building your own applications ACL2 0 Web site www cliki net ACL2 ACL2 A Computational Logic for Applicative Common Lisp is a theorem prover for industrial applications It is both a mathematical logic and a system of tools for constructing proofs in the logic ACL2 works with GCL GNU Common Lisp AI Kernel Web site aikernel sourceforge net 0 Sourceforge site sourceforge net projects aikernel The AI Kernel is a re usable artificial intelligence engine that uses natural language processing and an Activator Context model to allow multi tasking between installed cells AI Search II 0 WEB site http www neiu edu kwtracy ooai book Basically the library offers the programmer a set of search algorithms that may be used to solve all kind of different problems The idea is that when developing problem solving software the programmer should be able to concentrate on the representation of the problem to be solved and should not need to bother with the implementation of the search algorithm that will be used to actually conduct the search This idea has been realized by the implementation of a set of s
14. based on UNIX and TCP The system supports agents written in C Tcl Tk Perl Python and Scheme Elk It is implemented in C This TACOMA version has been in public domain since April 1996 We are currently focusing on heterogeneity fault tolerance security and management issues Also several TACOMA applications are under construction We implemented StormCast 4 0 a wide area network weather monitoring system accessible over the internet using TACOMA and Java We are now in the process of evaluating this application and plan to build a new StormCast version to be completed by June 1997 UMPRS Agent Web site http www marcush net IRS UMPRS supports top down goal based reasoning and selects goals and plans based on maximal priority Execution of multiple simultaneous goals are supported with suspension and resumption capabilities for each goal i e intention thread UMPRS plans have an integrated precondition runtime attribute that constrain their applicability Available plan constructs include sequencing iteration subgoaling atomic i e non interruptable blocks n branch deterministic conditional execution explicit failure handling section and C primitive function definition WebMate Web site http www cs cmu edu softagents webmate 6 1 Software Agents 53 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO WebMate is a personal agent for World Wide Web browsing and searching It accompanies you when you travel on the inte
15. parameterized instances of Knuth Bendix Ordering KBO and Lexicographic Path Ordering LPO FOOL amp FOX 0 Web site rhaug de fool FTP site ftp informatik uni oldenburg de pub fool FOOL stands for the Fuzzy Organizer OLdenburg It is a result from a project at the University of Oldenburg FOOL is a graphical user interface to develop fuzzy rulebases FOOL will help you to invent and maintain a database that specifies the behavior of a fuzzy controller or something like that 2 2 Al software kits applications etc 13 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO FOX is a small but powerful fuzzy engine which reads this database reads some input values and calculates the new control value FreeHAL Web site https freehal net FreeHAL is a self learning conversation simulator which uses semantic nets to organize its knowledge FreeHAL uses a semantic network pattern matching stemmers part of speech databases part of speech taggers and Hidden Markov Models Both the online and the download version support TTS FUF and SURGE Web site http www cs bgu ac il surge index html FUF is an extended implementation of the formalism of functional unification grammars FUGs introduced by Martin Kay specialized to the task of natural language generation It adds the following features to the base formalism 0 Types and inheritance 0 Extended control facilities goal freezing intelligent backtracking Modular syntax These ex
16. pdkb web 0 SourceForge site http sourceforge net projects pdkb Public Domain Knowledge Bank PDKB is an Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Bank of common sense rules and facts It is based on the Cyc Upper Ontology and the MELD language RobocodeNG 0 Web site http robocodeng sourceforge net Merged together with original Robocode as of version 1 1 Extension of Robocode the battling bot AI programming game Like its parent it is written in Java and meant as a learning environment Sulawesi Web site http wearables essex ac uk sulawesi A framework called Sulawesi has been designed and implemented to tackle what has been considered to be important challenges in a wearable user interface The ability to accept input from any number of modalities and perform if necessary a translation to any number of modal outputs It does this primarily through a set of proactive agents to act on the input TresBel 0 Abstract http iridia ulb ac be Projects imple html 0 Direct Download ftp iridia ulb ac be pub hongxu software TresBel tar Z This project seems to have been superseded by Pulcinella Libraries containing Allegro Common Lisp code for Belief Functions aka Dempster Shafer evidential reasoning as a representation of uncertainty Very little documentation Has a limited GUI 8 2 Dead projects 71
17. stable Application developers can write platform independent aglets and expect them to run on any host that supports J AAPI 6 1 Software Agents 44 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http home arcor de michal badonsky AJA AJA Adaptable Java Agents consists of two programming languages HADL Higher Agent Definition Language is a higher level language used for the description of the main agent parts Java is the lower level language used for the programming of the agent parts defined in HADL It is actually Java enriched with the constructs for accessing higher level agent parts defined in HADL A L LC E APRIL Ara Web site http www alicebot org 0 Other AIML implementations http pyaiml sourceforge net The ALICE software implements AIML Artificial Intelligence Markup Language a non standard evolving markup language for creating chat robots The primary design feature of AIML is minimalism Compared with other chat robot languages AIML is perhaps the simplest The pattern matching language is very simple for example permitting only one wild card match character per pattern AIML is an XML language implying that it obeys certain grammatical meta rules The choice of XML syntax permits integration with other tools such as XML editors Another motivation for XML is its familiar look and feel especially to people with HTML experience Web site http sourceforge net projects networkagent APRIL i
18. states but very expensive in memory Transition rules and sample patterns are provided for the 8 state automaton of E F Codd the Wireworld automaton and a whole class of Prisoner s Dilemma games Web site http thy phy bnl gov www xtoys xtoys html xtoys contains a set of cellular automata simulators for X windows Programs included are xising a two dimensional Ising model simulator 0 xpotts the two dimensional Potts model xautomalab a totalistic cellular automaton simulator xsand for the Bak Tang Wiesenfeld sandpile model 0 xwaves demonstrates three different wave equations 0 schrodinger play with the Scrodinger equation in an adjustable potential 6 Agents amp Robotics Software brains for computers that do stuff Everythin from fun and games to data mining to physical robotics This is a great hobbiest area of AI with many areas of interest to pursue I ve broken it down loosely into 2 sections AI for purely software based agents and that for embodied agents even if only simulated 6 1 Software Agents Also known as intelligent software agents or just agents this area of AI research deals with simple applications of small programs that aid the user in his her work They can be mobile able to stop their execution on one machine and resume it on another or static live in one machine They are usually specific to the task and therefore fairly simple and meant to help the u
19. the 2D GUI has an integrated network editor and can generate a separate NN program in C SNNS is very powerful though a bit difficult to learn at first To help with this it comes with example networks and tutorials for many of the architectures ENZO a supplementary system allows you to evolve your networks with genetic algorithms 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications 25 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO TOOLDIAG 0 Web site www inf ufes br thomas home soft html 0 Alt site http www cs cmu edu afs cs project ai repository ai areas neural systems tooldiag 0 html TOOLDIAG is a collection of methods for statistical pattern recognition The main area of application is classification The application area is limited to multidimensional continuous features without any missing values No symbolic features attributes are allowed The program in implemented in the C programming language and was tested in several computing environments XNBC Web site www b3e jussieu fr xnbc XNBC V8 is a simulation tool for the neuroscientists interested in simulating biological neural networks using a user friendly tool XNBC is a software package for simulating biological neural networks Four neuron models are available three phenomenologic models xnbc leaky integrator and conditional burster and an ion conductance based model Inputs to the simulated neurons can be provided by experimental data stored in files allowing the creation of
20. 1 5 Copyright License 2 Symbolic Systems GOFAI e 2 1 Al class code libraries e 2 2 AT software kits applications etc 3 nnectionism e 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries e 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications 4 Evolutionary Computing e 4 1 EC class code libraries e 4 2 EC software kits applications 5 Alife amp Complex Systems e 5 1 Alife amp CS class code libraries e 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc 6 Agents amp Robotics e 6 1 Software Agents e 6 2 Robotics and Simulators GNU Linux Al Alife HOWTO GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 7 Statistical amp Machine Learning e 7 1 Libraries e 7 2 Applications 8 Missing amp Dead e 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage e 8 2 Dead projects 1 Introduction 1 1 Purpose The GNU Linux OS has evolved from its origins in hackerdom to a full blown UNIX capable of rivaling any commercial UNIX It now provides an inexpensive base to build a great workstation It has shed its hardware dependencies having been ported to DEC Alphas Sparcs PowerPCs and many others This potential speed boost along with its networking support will make it great for workstation clusters As a workstation it allows for all sorts of research and development including artificial intelligence and artificial life The purpose of this Howto is to provide a source to find out about various software packages code libraries and anything else that wi
21. 14 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 to compute grammar properties to generate example sentences to assist in performing grammar transformations GSM Suite 0 Alt site www ibiblio org pub Linux apps graphics draw The GSM Suite is a set of programs for using Finite State Machines in a graphical fashion The suite consists of programs that edit compile and print state machines Included in the suite is an editor program gsmedit a compiler gsm2cc that produces a C implementation of a state machine a PostScript generator gsm2ps and two other minor programs GSM is licensed under the GNU Public License and so is free for your use under the terms of that license Isabelle 0 Web site isabelle in tum de Isabelle is a popular generic theorem prover developed at Cambridge University and TU Munich Existing logics like Isabelle HOL provide a theorem proving environment ready to use for sizable applications Isabelle may also serve as framework for rapid prototyping of deductive systems It comes with a large library including Isabelle HOL classical higher order logic Isabelle HOLCF Scott s Logic for Computable Functions with HOL Isabelle FOL classical and intuitionistic first order logic and Isabelle ZF Zermelo Fraenkel set theory on top of FOL Jess the Java Expert System Shell learn LISA Web site herzberg ca sandia gov jess Jess is a clone of the popular CLIPS expert system shell written entirely in Java
22. Emitter abstractly defined can be interpreted e g as light or sound 0 Camera images computed according to the raytracing or Z buffer algorithms known from computer graphics 0 Specific sensor motor software interface for communicating with the simulation Texture mapping onto the object surfaces bitmaps in various formats 0 Comprehensive visualization of the scene wire frame w o hidden lines sensor and actor values Interactive as well as batch driven control of the agents and operation in the environment 0 Collision detection Extendability with user defined object types 0 Possible socket communication to e g the Khoros image processing software TclRobots URBI Web site http www nyx net tpoindex TclRobots is a programming game similar to Core War To play TclRobots you must write a Tcl program that controls a robot The robot s mission is to survive a battle with other robots Two three or four robots compete during a battle each running different programs or possibly the same program in different robots Each robot is equipped with a scanner cannon drive mechanism A single match continues until one robot is left running Robots may compete individually or combine in a team oriented battle A tournament can be run with any number of robot programs each robot playing every other in a round robin fashion one on one A battle simulator is available to help debug robot programs The TclRobots program provides
23. GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Table of Contents GNU Linux ALA Alife HOW TO coco ss cesecescesectostonesostnocecedevoncsecosecescutessdsndecoususeesess can de ve desedeb acs en dia ct es tata ses tes 1 by John Eik nbert ccc eisai O O TS 1 L Introducir islandesa asian 1 2 Symbolic Systems GOBAD 4 os seas notado Hasevenscsenecchaahsocncatencsgandecedeceducdosstaavessda dnd 1 3 CONNECTIOMISIN LS LAA VEO ELE BORE EEE 1 4 Evolutionary CoOmputiNe scsi li A he dai inserer ede eT lees ead 1 5 Alife 6 Complex DY SS cool e e roe e etat Re iaa e bodes calido 1 6 Asents amp RODOLES cit nt nn tie A Ptit stat le nets 1 7 Statistical amp Machine Learning ses 2 8 Missing dc Dead uci shit na nn Re en de nee mr in nn let 2 LIO ni eaa a e E a dud sanded a eaaa 2 TL PUPDOSC iss anra a a a RS en a aa A EA Ee Et PART es 2 IPA EANA AEE A E ES E IE EEE RENEE ERS 2 L3 Where t find this O WE ca 4 1 4 Updates and comme nts tt rn atteste der EE E EE E E res 4 ES Copyright License once EE R E AE E DADA a te E Coke 4 2 Symbolic Systems GOFAL ianiai a a E EE EEA ENEE EN SE eari 4 2 L ATclass code libranes A aE E sass tba at e a aa 5 2 2 Al software kits applications etc seine 12 3 CONNECTOMISI llo lt di a tee oies 17 3 1 Connectionist class code liDIAries cccccccccccnocinnncnnncncncananananananananano nono non nono nononnononononononononanonanonos 17 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications
24. Here s a blurb from the whitepaper The purpose of the Al library is to provide a pragmatic approach to creating a distributed agents platform Its focus is agents individual entities that communicate regardless of location using an action reaction model Web site www ai sri com oaa 6 1 Software Agents 49 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO The Open Agent Architecture is a framework in which a community of software agents running on distributed machines can work together on tasks assigned by human or non human participants in the community Distributed cooperation and high level communication are two ideas central to the foundation of the OAA It defines an interagent communication language and supports multiple platforms and programming languages OpenCV 0 Web site http opencvlibrary sourceforge net OpenCV Open Source Computer Vision is a library of programming functions mainly aimed at real time computer vision Example applications of the OpenCV library are Human Computer Interaction HCI Object Identification Segmentation and Recognition Face Recognition Gesture Recognition Motion Tracking Ego Motion Motion Understanding Structure From Motion SFM and Mobile Robotics OpenCog Web site http www opencog org The Open Cognition Framework OpenCog is software for the collaborative development of safe and beneficial Artificial General Intelligence OpenCog provides research scientists and software
25. Logic functors can be concrete domains like integers strings or algebraic combinators like product or sum of logics Logic functors are coded as Objective Caml modules A logic semantics is associated to each of these logic functors This enables to define properties of logics like the consistency and completeness of the entailment prover and to prove under which conditions a generated entailement prover satisfies these properties given the properties of argument logics Web site http www isi edu isd LOOM maxent GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Note Loom has been succeeded by PowerLoom Loom is a language and environment for constructing intelligent applications The heart of Loom is a knowledge representation system that is used to provide deductive support for the declarative portion of the Loom language Declarative knowledge in Loom consists of definitions rules facts and default rules A deductive engine called a classifier utilizes forward chaining semantic unification and object oriented truth maintainance technologies in order to compile the declarative knowledge into a network designed to efficiently support on line deductive query processing The Loom system implements a logic based pattern matcher that drives a production rule facility and a pattern directed method dispatching facility that supports the definition of object oriented methods The high degree of integration between Loom s declarative and procedural comp
26. Matrix class designed for scientists and engineers The Matrix class is well suited for applications with complex math algorithms As an demonstration of the Matrix class it was used to implement the backward error propagation algorithm for a multi layer feed forward artificial neural network 0 Web site http nn cs utexas edu project view php RECORD KEY Projects ProjID amp ProjID Projects 14 Web site http www cs ucf edu kstanley neat html Many neuroevolution methods evolve fixed topology networks Some methods evolve topologies in addition to weights but these usually have a bound on the complexity of networks that can be evolved and begin evolution with random topologies This project is based on a neuroevolution method called NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies NEAT that can evolve networks of unbounded complexity from a minimal starting point The research as a broader goal of showing that evolving topologies is necessary to achieve 3 major goals of neuroevolution 1 Continual coevolution Successful competitive coevolution can use the evolution of topologies to continuously elaborate strategies 2 Evolution of Adaptive Networks The evolution of topologies allows neuroevolution to evolve adaptive networks with plastic synapses by designating which connections should be adaptive and in what ways 3 Combining Expert Networks Separate expert neural networks can be fused through the evolution of connecting neurons betw
27. Script 3 Javascript engine embedded in Flash with flash demos This GP library uses the standard Koza expression tree program representation It uses the grow algorithm to generate random expressions Mutation is performed by selecting a random subexpression in an expression tree and replacing it with a new random expression which satisfies the maximum tree depth constraint Crossover mating between two expressions is performed by selecting a random subexpression in each parent then exchanging them although it only makes on child not two In addition to the core code for creating mutating mating and evaluating expressions the library includes a steady state genetic algorithm with tournament selection and a worst out elitist replacement policy i e when a new child is created it replaces the worse member of the population only if it is better txevolver 0 Web site https launchpad net txevolver A Twisted based set of libraries for performing calculations of genetic algorithms as well as genetic programs in an asynchronous distributed manner 4 2 EC software kits applications These are various applications software kits etc meant for research in the field of evolutionary computing Their ease of use will vary as they were designed to meet some particular research interest more than as an easy to use commercial package ADATE Web site www ia hiof no rolando adate_intro html ADATE Automatic Design of Alg
28. With Jess you can conveniently give your applets the ability to reason Jess is compatible with all versions of Java starting with version 1 0 2 Jess implements the following constructs from CLIPS defrules deffunctions defglobals deffacts and deftemplates Web site www ibiblio org pub Linux apps cai Learn is a vocable learning program with memory model 0 Web site lisa sourceforge net LISA Lisp based Intelligent Software Agents is a production rule system heavily influenced by JESS Java Expert System Shell It has at its core a reasoning engine based on the Rete pattern matching algorithm LISA also provides the ability to reason over ordinary CLOS objects Livingstone2 0 Web site http ti arc nasa gov opensource projects livingstone2 Livingstone2 L2 is a reusable artificial intelligence AI software system designed to assist spacecraft life support systems chemical plants or other complex systems in operating robustly with minimal human supervision even in the face of hardware failures or unexpected events NICOLE 2 2 Al software kits applications etc 15 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http nicole sourceforge net NICOLE Nearly Intelligent Computer Operated Language Examiner is a theory or experiment that if a computer is given enough combinations of how words phrases and sentences are related to one another it could talk back to you It is an attempt to simulate a conversation by l
29. a physical environment imposing certain game parameters to which all robots must adhere TclRobots also provides a view on a battle and a controlling user interface TclRobots requirements a wish interpreter built from Tcl 7 4 and Tk 4 0 Web site http www urbiforge org URBI is a Universal Real time Behavior Interface and gives you a simple but powerful way to control any robot or complex system like a video game using a convenient and easy to use scripting language that can be interfaced with several popular programming languages C Java Matlab and OS Windows Mac OSX Linux URBI is based on a client server architecture which give a great deal of flexibility URBI includes powerful features compared to existing scripting solutions parallel execution of commands event programming command tagging dynamic variables Currently 6 2 Robotics and Simulators 58 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO URBI is used as well by academic research labs the industry and by hobbyists VWORLD Yampa YARP Web site http zhar net projects vworld Vworld is a simulated environment for research with autonomous agents written in prolog It is currently in something of an beta stage It works well with SWI prolog but should work with Quitnus prolog with only a few changes It is being designed to serve as an educational tool for class projects dealing with prolog and autonomous agents It comes with three demo worlds or environm
30. aboratory and is written specifically for compilation with the YAP Prolog compiler Microprograms Web site http www cs indiana edu leake cbr code A collection of case based reasoning micro versions of dissertation programs that were developed for pedagogical purposes These programs are meant to distill key aspects of the original programs into a form that can be easily understood modified and extended Chess In Lisp CIL 0 Web site found as part of the CLOCC archive at clocc sourceforge net The CIL Chess In Lisp foundation is a Common Lisp implementaion of all the core functions needed for development of chess applications The main purpose of the CIL project is to get AI researchers interested in using Lisp to work in the chess domain clasp Web site http www cs uni potsdam de clasp clasp is an answer set solver for extended normal logic programs It combines the high level modeling capacities of answer set programming ASP with state of the art techniques from the area of Boolean constraint solving The primary clasp algorithm relies on conflict driven nogood learning a technique that proved very successful for satisfiability checking SAT Unlike other learning ASP solvers clasp does not rely on legacy software such as a SAT solver or any other existing ASP solver Rather clasp has been genuinely developed for answer set solving based on conflict driven nogood learning clasp can be applied as an ASP sol
31. al neuroscience Currently its focus is on compartmental modeling with capabilities similar to GENESIS and NEURON A model neuron is built out of compartments usually with a cylindrical shape When small enough these open ended cylinders can approximate nearly any geometry Future classes may support reaction diffusion kinetics and more A key feature of CONICAL is its cross platform compatibility it has been fully co developed and tested under Unix DOS and Mac OS 0 Web site http www heatonresearch com Encog is an advanced neural network and machine learning framework Encog contains classes to create a wide variety of networks as well as support classes to normalize and process data for these neural networks Encog trains using multithreaded resilient propagation Encog can also make use of a GPU to further speed processing time A GUI based workbench is also provided to help model and train neural networks Encog has been in active development since 2008 Encog is available for Java Net and Silverlight 0 Web site http leenissen dk fann Fast Artificial Neural Network Library is a free open source neural network library which implements multilayer artificial neural networks in C with support for both fully connected and sparsely connected networks Cross platform execution in both fixed and floating point are supported It includes a framework for easy handling of training data sets It is easy to use versatile well documented
32. al tasks based on modern mobile computing and computer network The project includes two different phases the first phase ViSel focuses on information filtering and process migration its goal is to create a secure environment for software agents using the concept of user models the second phase ViSe2 concentrates on agents intelligent and efficient cooperation in a distributed environment its goal is to construct cooperative agents for achieving high intelligence Implemented in Tcl TclX Tix Tk Web site http more btexact com projects agents zeus The construction of multi agent systems involves long development times and requires solutions to some considerable technical difficulties This has motivated the development of the ZEUS toolkit which provides a library of software components and tools that facilitate the rapid design development and deployment of agent system 8 2 Dead projects FIPA OS 8 2 Dead projects 70 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http fipa os sourceforge net index htm FIPA OS is an open source implementation of the mandatory elements contained within the FIPA specification for agent interoperability In addition to supporting the FIPA interoperability concepts FIPA OS also provides a component based architecture to enable the development of domain specific agents which can utilise the services of the FIPA Platform agents It is implemented in Java PDKB Web site http lynx eaze net
33. alculus Language as a new logical language The library will be incorporable in another software such as TCL Python Perl The engine s primary inference method will be the search of inference in language of Positively Constructed Formulas PCFs a subset of Predicate Calculus well translated in both directions The language will be used as scripting language to the engine But there will be possibility to replace it with extensions languages of main software Web site http www uni frankfurt de fb 13 iap e_ag_rt SCNN SCNN is an universal simulating system for Cellular Neural Networks CNN CNN are analog processing neural networks with regular and local interconnections governed by a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations Due to their local connectivity CNN are realized as VLSI chips which operates at very high speed Symbolic Probabilistic Inference SPD FTP site ftp ftp engr orst edu pub dambrosi spi 0 Paper ijar 94 ps ftp ftp engr orst edu pub dambrosi Contains Common Lisp function libraries to implement SPI type baysean nets Documentation is very limited Features 0 Probabilities Local Expression Language Utilities Explanation Dynamic Models and a TCL TK based GUI SPRLIB ANNLIB Sugal Web site http www ph tn tudelft nl sprlib SPRLIB Statistical Pattern Recognition Library was developed to support the easy construction and simulation of pattern classifiers It consist of a library
34. an linkchecker and for any bad links I either found a new link or removed the item See the new section MIA for a list of the removed entries please let me know if you know of a new home for them New entries Yale DIET Agents JASA Jason Noble Ape Maude removed ECLiPSe removed lush removed and pygp v1 9 One new entry Bond and fixed the link below to the dynamic list now defunct v1 8 Cleaned up bad links finding new ones where possible and eliminating those that seem to have disappeared Quite a few new entries as well Cougaar and RoboTournament 1 2 What s New 3 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO e v1 7 Another 9 new entries a bunch of links fixed and a few items removed that have vanished from the net UTCS Neural Nets Research Group Software e v1 6 9 new entries a couple link fixes and one duplicate item removed e v1 5 26 new entries plus a couple link fixes e v1 4 10 new updates and fixed some lisp related links e v1 3 Putting a dent in the backlog I added 30 new entries today and submitted it to the LDP e Previous records were in a mixed format with site updates See the old notes section of the master site for them 1 3 Where to find this software All this software should be available via the net ftp II http The links to where to find it will be provided in the description of each package There will also be plenty of software not covered on these pages which is usual
35. and JPython Jacomma provides a development framework and an execution environment which sits on top of the Inter Agent Communication Model infrastructure The ICM defines a communication protocol a store and forward messaging architecture and low level communication infrastructure for message exchange Communication is truly asynchronous based on TCP sockets ICM has an entry in this howto or you can find it via a link off the site Jade 0 Web site http sharon cselt it projects jade JADE Java Agent DEvelopment Framework is a software framework fully implemented in Java language It simplifies the implementation of multi agent systems through a middle ware that claims to comply with the FIPA specifications and through a set of tools that supports the debugging and deployment phase The agent platform can be distributed across machines which not even need to share the same OS and the configuration can be controlled via a remote GUI The configuration can be even changed at run time by moving agents from one machine to another one as and when required JAM Agent Web site http www marcush net IRS irs_downloads html JAM supports both top down goal based reasoning and bottom up data driven reasoning JAM selects goals and plans based on maximal priority if metalevel reasoning is not used or user developed metalevel reasoning plans if they exist JAM s conceptualization of goals and goal achievement is more classically defin
36. and fast PHP C NET Ada Python Delphi Octave Ruby Prolog Pure Data and Mathematica bindings are available A reference manual accompanies the library with examples and recommendations on how to use the library A graphical user interface is also available for the library Web site http ffnet sourceforge net ffnet is a fast and easy to use feed forward neural network training solution for python Many nice features are implemented arbitrary network connectivity automatic data normalization very efficient training tools network export to fortran code Web site http sourceforge net projects joone Joone is a neural net framework to create train and test neural nets The aim is to create a distributed environment based on JavaSpaces both for enthusiastic and professional users based on the newest Java technologies Joone is composed of a central engine that is the fulcrum of all applications that 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries 19 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO already exist or will be developed The neural engine is modular scalable multitasking and tensile Everyone can write new modules to implement new algorithms or new architectures starting from the simple components distributed with the core engine The main idea is to create the basis to promote a zillion of AI applications that revolve around the core framework Matrix Class NEAT FTP site ftp cs ucla edu pub A simple fast efficient C
37. applications of Genetic Algorithms as well GAUL Web site http gaul sourceforge net 4 1 EC class code libraries 29 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 SF project site http sourceforge net projects gaul The Genetic Algorithm Utility Library GAUL is a flexible programming library designed to aid development of applications that require the use of genetic algorithms Features include Darwinian Lamarckian or Baldwinian evolutionary schemes 0 Both steady state and generation based GAs included The island model of evolution is available Chromosome datatype agnostic A selection of common chromosome types are built in Allows user defined crossover mutation selection adaptation and replacement operators Support for multiple simultaneously evolved populations 0 Choice of high level or low level interface functions 0 Additional non GA optimisation algorithms are built in for local optimisation or comparative purposes Trivial to extend using external code via the built in code hooks 0 May be driven by or extended by powerful S Lang scripts Support for multiprocessor calculations 0 Written using highly portable C code GECO FTP site http common lisp net project geco GECO Genetic Evolution through Combination of Objects an extendible object oriented tool box for constructing genetic algorithms in Lisp It provides a set of extensible classes and methods designed for generality Some si
38. ative sensing and control RealTimeBattle Web site http realtimebattle sourceforge net RealTimeBattle is a programming game in which robots controlled by programs are fighting each other The goal is to destroy the enemies using the radar to examine the environment and the cannon to shoot 0 Game progresses in real time with the robot programs running as child processes to RealTimeBattle 0 The robots communicate with the main program using the standard input and output Robots can be constructed in almost any programming language Maximum number of robots can compete simultaneously 0 A simple messaging language is used for communication which makes it easy to start constructing robots Robots behave like real physical object 0 You can create your own arenas 0 Highly configurable Robocode 6 2 Robotics and Simulators 56 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http robocode sourceforge net A java based robot combat programming game It provides a simple API and class framework It is designed as a means of learning Java and is easy to start using while not constraining the programmer from more advanced techniques It has a built in security manager for running other peoples robots in a safe way Robodeb 0 Web site http www transterpreter org robodeb Robodeb is a complete robotics simulation environment for teaching concurrency and parallelism It provides a unique environment for exploring concurrency an
39. aver is a simulated world of cyborgs and nature in realtime The battlefield consists of forests grain water grass carcass of course and lots of other things The game server manages the game and the rules You start a server and connect some clients The clients communicate with the server using a very primitive protocol They can order cyborgs to harvest grain attack enemies or cut forest The game is not intended to be played by humans There is too much to control Only for die hards Just telnet to the server and you can enter commands by hand Instead the idea is that you write artificial intelligence clients to beat the other artificial intelligences You can choose a language and operating system of your choice to do that task It is enough to write a program that communicates on standard input and standard output channels Then you can use programs like socket to connect your clients to the server It is NOT needed to write TCP IP code although i did so The battle shall not be boring and so there is the so called spyboss client that displays the action graphically on screen Carmen Web site http carmen sourceforge net 6 2 Robotics and Simulators 54 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO CARMEN the Carnegie Mellon Robot Navigation Toolkit CARMEN is an open source collection of software for mobile robot control CARMEN is modular software designed to provide basic navigation primatives including base and sensor control lo
40. code remains functional enough of the time for natural or presumably artificial selection to be able to improve the code over time Web site www complex iastate edu download Trend 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc 42 XLIFE Xtoys GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Trend is a general purpose cellular automata simulation environment with an integrated high level language compiler a beautiful graphical user interface and a fast three stage cached simulation engine This is the simulation system that was used to discover the first emergent self replicating cellular automata rule set and the first problem solving self replication loop Since its simulator is very flexible with regard to cellular space sizes cell structures neighborhood structures and cellular automata rules Trend can simulate almost all one or two dimensional cellular automata models It also has a smart backtracking feature which simplifies rule set development a lot by allowing users to go back to a previous stage of simulation With other advanced features Trend is probably the most easy to use 2 dimensional cellular automata simulator Also available is Trend A Java version of Trend FTP site http linux maruhn com sec xlife html This program will evolve patterns for John Horton Conway s game of Life It will also handle general cellular automata with the orthogonal neighborhood and up to 8 states it s possible to recompile for more
41. complete while also being faster and more compact than the S expressions used in genetic programming The version presented here applies the system to the game of Go but can be changed to other problems by simply plugging in a different evaluation function ANSI C source code is provided Open BEAGLE 0 Web site beagle gel ulaval ca Open BEAGLE is a C evolutionary computation framework It provides a high level software environment to do any kind of evolutionary computation with support for tree based genetic programming bit string and real valued genetic algorithms evolution strategy co evolution and evolutionary multi objective optimization PGAPack PIPE Parallel Genetic Algorithm Library FTP site ftp ftp mcs anl gov pub pgapack PGAPack is a general purpose data structure neutral parallel genetic algorithm library It is intended to provide most capabilities desired in a genetic algorithm library in an integrated seamless and portable manner Key features are in PGAPack V1 0 include 0 Callable from Fortran or C Runs on uniprocessors parallel computers and workstation networks 0 Binary integer real and character valued native data types Full extensibility to support custom operators and new data types 0 Easy to use interface for novice and application users Multiple levels of access for expert users Parameterized population replacement Multiple crossover mutation and selectio
42. d approaches to learning with probability distributions over program spaces based on Pyevolve reduction to normal form representation building deme sub population management probabilistic model building aka estimation of distribution algorithms Web site http pyevolve sourceforge net Pyevolve was developed to be a complete genetic algorithm framework the main objectives of Pyevolve are pysp written in pure python to maximize the cross platform issue easy to use API the API must be easy for end user see the evolution the user can and must see and interact with the evolution statistics graphs and etc extensible the API must be extensible the user can create new representations genetic operators like crossover mutation and etc fast the design must be optimized for performance common features the framework must implement the most common features selectors like roulette wheel tournament ranking uniform Scaling schemes like linear scaling etc 0 default parameters we must have default operators settings etc in all options open source the source is for everyone not for only one Web site http sourceforge net projects pygp files Your basic genetic algorithm package for python tinygp 4 1 EC class code libraries 33 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http www laserpirate com as3tinygp Small genetic programming library in C and Action
43. d robotics It provides a complete IDE for the occam pi programming language and leverages the Transterpreter our portable and flexible runtime for the language This combination is critical as it provides a principled interface to the Player Stage API a set of widely used libraries for controlling the Pioneer3 robotics platform RobotFlow 0 Web site http robotflow sourceforge net RobotFlow is a mobile robotics tookit based on the FlowDesigner project FlowDesigner is a data flow oriented architecture similar to Simulink Matlab or Labview that is free LGPL and versatile The visual programming interface provided in the FlowDesigner project will help people to better visualize amp understand what is really happening in the robot s control loops sensors actuators by using graphical probes and debugging in real time RoboTournament ROS 0 Web site http robotournament sourceforge net RoboTournament is a RoboRally inspired game where players program their robots to vanquish their opponents RoboTournament features Multiple Game Types Death Match Rally and Capture The Flag Multi Player through TCP IP Six weapons including BFG Map Editor and a wide variety of board elements Web site http www ros org wiki ROS is an operating system for your robot It provides the services you would expect from an operating system including hardware abstraction low level device control implementation of commonly used functi
44. d the possibility theory by Zadeh Dubois and Prade s A User s Manual is available on request scnANNIib Web site www sentinelchicken org projects scnANNIib SCN Artificial Neural Network Library provides a programmer with a simple object oriented API for constructing ANNs Currently the library supports non recursive networks with an arbitrary number of layers each with an arbitrary number of nodes Facilities exist for training with momentum and there are plans to gracefully extend the functionality of the library in later releases UTCS Neural Nets Research Group Software Web site http nn cs utexas edu soft list php A bit different from the other entries this is a reference to a collection of software rather than one application It was all developed by the UTCS Neural Net Research Group Here s a summary of some of the packages available Natural Language Processing MIR Tcl Tk based rapid prototyping for sentence processing SPEC Parsing complex sentences DISCERN Processing script based stories including e PROC Parsing generation question answering e HFM Episodic memory organization e DISLEX Lexical processing e DISCERN The full integrated model FGREPNET Learning distributed representations Self Organization LISSOM Maps with self organizing lateral connections FM Generic Self Organizing Maps Neuroevolution Enforced Sub Populations ESP for sequential decision tasks e Non
45. dblifelib This is a library of interesting Life objects including oscillators spaceships puffers and other weird things The related dblife package contains a Life program which can read the objects in the Library 0 Web site www cscs umich edu Software Drone Drone is a tool for automatically running batch jobs of a simulation program It allows sweeps over arbitrary sets of parameters as well as multiple runs for each parameter set with a separate random seed for each run The runs may be executed either on a single computer or over the Internet on a set of remote hosts Drone is written in Expect an extension to the Tcl scripting language and runs under Unix It was originally designed for use with the Swarm agent based simulation framework but Drone can be used with any simulation program that reads parameters from the command line or from an input file 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc 39 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO EcoLab Web site http ecolab sourceforge net EcoLab is a system that implements an abstract ecology model It is written as a set of Tcl Tk commands so that the model parameters can easily be changed on the fly by means of editing a script The model itself is written in C Framsticks Web site http www frams alife pl Framsticks is a three dimensional life simulation project Both mechanical structures bodies and control systems brains of creatures are modeled It is
46. developers with a common platform to build and share artificial intelligence programs The framework includes 0 a flexible and highly optimized in memory database for knowledge representation 0 a plug in architecture for cognitive algorithms and a cognitive process scheduler a built in LISP like programming language and 0 other components to support artificial intelligence research and development OpenSteer ORTS 0 Web site opensteer sourceforge net OpenSteer is a C library to help build steering behaviors for autonomous characters in games and animation OpenSteer provides an app which displays predefined demos of steering behaviors You can prototype visualize and debug your own as a plug in 0 Web site https skatgame net mburo orts ORTS is a programming environment for studying real time AI problems such as pathfinding dealing with imperfect information scheduling and planning in the domain of RTS games These games are fast paced and very popular Furthermore the current state of RTS game AI is bleak which is mainly caused by the lack of planning and learning areas in which humans are currently much better than machines Therefore RTS games make an ideal test bed for real time AI research Unfortunately commercial RTS games are closed software which prevents researchers from connecting remote AI modules to them Furthermore commercial RTS games are based on peer to peer technology which in a nutshell runs the en
47. doable side effects On top of this nondeterministic substrate Screamer provides a comprehensive constraint programming language in which one can formulate and solve mixed systems of numeric and symbolic constraints Together these two levels augment Common Lisp with practically all of the functionality of both Prolog and constraint logic programming languages such as CHIP and CLP R Furthermore Screamer is fully integrated with Common Lisp Screamer programs can coexist and interoperate with other extensions to Common Lisp such as CLOS CLIM and Iterate SimpleAI SPASS Torch 0 Web site https github com simpleai team simpleai Python library that implements many of the artificial intelligence algorithms described on the book Artificial Intelligence a Modern Approach from Stuart Russel and Peter Norvig Emphasis on creating a stable modern and maintainable version We are testing the majority of the lib it s available via pip install has a standard repo and lib architecture well documented respects the python pep8 guidelines provides only working code no placeholders for future things etc Even the internal code is written with readability in mind not only the external API There is also https code google com p aima python which implements these algorithms as well Though it hasn t seen activity in a while Web site http www spass prover org SPASS An Automated Theorem Prover for First Order Logic with Equality
48. e 0 positional and time dependent neighborhoods associating multiple values fields including arrays with each cell 0 associating a potentially unbounded number of mobile agents Agents are mobile entities based on a mechanism of the same name in the Creatures system developed by Ian Stephenson ian ohm york ac uk with each cell and local interactions only since it is impossible to construct automata that contain any global control or references to global variables Integrating Modelling Toolkit Web site sourceforge net projects imt The Integrating Modelling Toolkit IMT is a generic comprehensive and extensible set of abstractions allowing definition and use of interoperable model components Modellers create an IMT world made of IMT agents that will perform each a particular phase of a modelling task The core set of IMT agents can describe generic modular distributed model components either native to the 5 1 Alife amp CS class code libraries 36 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO IMT or integrating existing simulation toolkits specialized for tasks that range from simple calculation of functions in an interpreted language to spatially explicit simulation model optimization GIS analysis visualization and advanced statistical analysis IMT agents are designed to easily glue together in higher level simulations integrating different modelling paradigms and toolkits The IMT can be easily extended by users
49. e Evolution Scheduling and Evolving Processes including sub programs to display system status evolving process status queue status and evolution scheduling status periodically in as small as one mini second Corewars 0 SourceForge site http sourceforge net projects corewars Corewars is a game which simulates a virtual machine with a number of programs Each program tries to crash the others The program that lasts the longest time wins A number of sample programs are provided and new programs can be written by the player Screenshots are available at the Corewars homepage JCASim Web site http www jweimar de jcasim JCASim is a general purpose system for simulating cellular automata in Java It includes a stand alone application and an applet for web presentations The cellular automata can be specified in Java in CDL or using an interactive dialogue The system supports many different lattice geometries 1 D 2 D square hexagonal triangular 3 D neighborhoods boundary conditions and can display the cells using colors text or icons JGProg Web site jgprog sourceforge net Genetic Programming JGProg is an open source Java implementation of a strongly typed Genetic Programming experimentation platform Two example worlds are provided in which a population evolves and solves the problem 5 Alife amp Complex Systems Alife takes yet another approach to exploring the mysteries of intelligence It has ma
50. e components to be designed separately allowing the user to easily swap and evaluate different configurations and methods or to connect an external simulation tool 4 1 EC class code libraries 28 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO GAlib Matthew s Genetic Algorithms Library Web Site http lancet mit edu ga Download http lancet mit edu ga dist Register GAlib at http lancet mit edu ga Register html GAlib contains a set of C genetic algorithm objects The library includes tools for using genetic algorithms to do optimization in any C program using any representation and genetic operators The documentation includes an extensive overview of how to implement a genetic algorithm as well as examples illustrating customizations to the GAlib classes GALOPPS Web site http garage cse msu edu software galopps FTP site ftp garage cse msu edu pub GA galopps GALOPPS is a flexible generic GA in C It was based upon Goldberg s Simple Genetic Algorithm SGA architecture in order to make it easier for users to learn to use and extend GALOPPS extends the SGA capabilities several fold optional A new Graphical User Interface based on TCL TK for Unix users allowing easy running of GALOPPS 3 2 single or multiple subpopulations on one or more processors GUI writes reads standard GALOPPS input and master files and displays graphical output during or after run of user selected variables 5 selection met
51. e configuration of large systems in the most economical way possible Cfengine is design to be a part of computer immune systems 2 2 Al software kits applications etc 12 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO CLIPS Web site http clipsrules sourceforge net CLIPS is a productive development and delivery expert system tool which provides a complete environment for the construction of rule and or object based expert systems CLIPS provides a cohesive tool for handling a wide variety of knowledge with support for three different programming paradigms rule based object oriented and procedural Rule based programming allows knowledge to be represented as heuristics or rules of thumb which specify a set of actions to be performed for a given situation Object oriented programming allows complex systems to be modeled as modular components which can be easily reused to model other systems or to create new components The procedural programming capabilities provided by CLIPS are similar to capabilities found in languages such as C Pascal Ada and LISP EMA XPS A Hybrid Graphic Expert System Shell Web site http ema xps org EMA XPS is a hybrid graphic expert system shell based on the ASCII oriented shell Babylon 2 3 of the German National Research Center for Computer Sciences GMD In addition to Babylon s Al power object oriented data representation forward and backward chained rules collectible into sets horn clauses and c
52. earch classes that may be incorporated in other software through C s features of derivation and inheritance The following search algorithms have been implemented depth first tree and graph search breadth first tree and graph search uniform cost tree and graph search best first search bidirectional depth first tree and graph search bidirectional breadth first tree and graph search AND OR depth tree search AND OR breadth tree search This library has a corresponding book Object Oriented Artificial Intelligence Using C Alchemy 0 Web site http alchemy cs washington edu Alchemy is a software package providing a series of algorithms for statistical relational learning and probabilistic logic inference based on the Markov logic representation Alchemy allows you to easily develop a wide range of Al applications including Collective classification 0 Link prediction 2 1 Al class code libraries 5 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Entity resolution Social network modeling 0 Information extraction Aleph 0 Web site http www cs ox ac uk activities machlearn Aleph This document provides reference information on A Learning Engine for Proposing Hypotheses Aleph Aleph is an Inductive Logic Programming ILP system Aleph is intended to be a prototype for exploring ideas Aleph is an ILP algorithm implemented in Prolog by Dr Ashwin Srinivasan at the Oxford University Computing L
53. earning how words are related to other words A human communicates with NICOLE via the keyboard and NICOLE responds back with its own sentences which are automatically generated based on what NICOLE has stored in it s database Each new sentence that has been typed in and NICOLE doesn t know about is included into NICOLE s database thus extending the knowledge base of NICOLE Otter An Automated Deduction System PVS SNePS Soar Web site http www unix mcs anl gov AR otter Our current automated deduction system Otter is designed to prove theorems stated in first order logic with equality Otter s inference rules are based on resolution and paramodulation and it includes facilities for term rewriting term orderings Knuth Bendix completion weighting and strategies for directing and restricting searches for proofs Otter can also be used as a symbolic calculator and has an embedded equational programming system 0 Web site pvs csl sri com PVS is a verification system that is a specification language integrated with support tools and a theorem prover It is intended to capture the state of the art in mechanized formal methods and to be sufficiently rugged that it can be used for significant applications PVS is a research prototype it evolves and improves as we develop or apply new capabilities and as the stress of real use exposes new requirements 0 Web site www cse buffalo edu sneps The long term goal of The SNePS Re
54. easily write useful applications All the documentation is also easily readable Neural Networks at your Fingertips 0 Web site http www neural networks at your fingertips com A set of ANSI C packages that illustrate Adaline networks back propagation the Hopfield model BAM Boltzman CPN SOM and ART1 Coded in portable self contained ANSI C With complete example applications from a variety of well known application domains Neureka ANS nn xnn FTP site ftp ftp ii uib no pub neureka nn is a high level neural network specification language The current version is best suited for feed forward nets but recurrent models can and have been implemented e g Hopfield nets Jordan Elman nets etc In nn it is easy to change network dynamics The nn compiler can generate C code or executable programs so there must be a C compiler available with a powerful command line interface but everything may also be controlled via the graphical interface xnn It is possible for the user to write C routines that can be called from inside the nn specification and to use the nn specification as a function that is called from a C program Please note that no programming is necessary in order to use the network models that come with the system netpack xnn is a graphical front end to networks generated by the nn compiler and to the compiler itself The xnn graphical interface is intuitive and easy to use for beginners yet powerful with many
55. echniques include areas such as Artificial Neural Networks Semantic Networks and a few other similar ideas My present focus is on neural networks though I am looking for resources on the other techniques Neural networks are programs designed to simulate the workings of the brain They consist of a network of small mathematical based nodes which work together to form patterns of information They have tremendous potential and currently seem to be having a great deal of success with image processing and robot control 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries These are libraries of code or classes for use in programming within the Connectionist field They are not meant as stand alone applications but rather as tools for building your own applications Software for Flexible Bayesian Modeling 3 Connectionism 17 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site www cs utoronto ca radford fbm software html This software implements flexible Bayesian models for regression and classification applications that are based on multilayer perceptron neural networks or on Gaussian processes The implementation uses Markov chain Monte Carlo methods Software modules that support Markov chain sampling are included in the distribution and may be useful in other applications BELIEF Web site www cs cmu edu afs cs project ai repository ai areas reasonng probabl belief BELIEF is a Common Lisp implementation of the Dempster and Kong fusion and propagation
56. ed UMPRS is more behavioral performance based than truly goal based and makes the distinction between plans to achieve goals and plans that simply encode behaviors Goal types implemented include achievement attain a specified world state maintenance re attain a specified world state and performance Execution of multiple simultaneous goals are 6 1 Software Agents 47 JASA Jason GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO supported with suspension and resumption capabilities for each goal 1 e intention thread JAM plans have explicit precondition and runtime attributes that restrict their applicability a postcondition attribute and a plan attributes section for specifying plan domain specific plan features Available plan constructs include sequencing iteration subgoaling atomic i e non interruptable plan segments n branch deterministic and non deterministic conditional execution parallel execution of multiple plan segments goal based or world state based synchronization an explicit failure handling section and Java primitive function definition through building it into JAM as well as the invocation of predefined i e legacy class members via Java s reflection capabilities without having to build it into JAM Web site http www csc liv ac uk sphelps jasa 0 Alt Web site http sourceforge net projects jasa JASA is a high performance auction simulator suitable for conducting experiments in agent based computational ec
57. ed to be taken into account such as the terrain age sex culture movement etc Golly 0 Web site golly sourceforge net An open source cross platform implementation of John Conway s Game of Life with an unbounded universe and capable of running patterns faster and further than ever before It has many features such 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc 40 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO as Reads RLE Life 1 05 1 06 and macrocell formats Supports Wolfram s 1D rules 0 Can paste in patterns from the clipboard Scriptable via Python Langton s Ant LEE Web site http theory org software ant Langton s Ant is an example of a finite state cellular automata The ant or ants start out on a grid Each cell is either black or white If the ant is on a black square it turns right 90 and moves forward one unit If the ant is on a white square it turns left 90 and moves forward one unit And when the ant leaves a square 1t inverts the color The neat thing about Langton s Ant is that no matter what pattern field you start it out on it eventually builds a road which is a series of 117 steps that repeat indefinitely each time leaving the ant displaced one pixel vertically and horizontally Web site www informatics indiana edu fil LEE LEE Latent Energy Environments is both an Alife model and a software tool to be used for simulations within the framework of that model We hope that LEE will help under
58. een them NeuroLab NuPIC 0 Web site http packages python org neurolab NeuroLab a library of basic neural networks algorithms with flexible network configurations and learning algorithms for Python To simplify the using of the library interface is similar to the package of Neural Network Toolbox NNT of MATLAB c The library is based on the package numpy http numpy scipy org some learning algorithms are used scipy optimize http scipy org Web site http www numenta org Web site https github com numenta nupic The Numenta Platform for Intelligent Computing NuPIC is built around Cortical learning algorithms a new variation of HTM networks Hierarchical Temporal Memory Based on Jeff Hawkins idea as laid out in his On Intelligence book NuPIC consists of the Numenta Tools Framework and the Numenta Runtime Engine Pulcinella 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries 20 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site iridia ulb ac be pulcinella Pulcinella is written in CommonLisp and appears as a library of Lisp functions for creating modifying and evaluating valuation systems Alternatively the user can choose to interact with Pulcinella via a graphical interface only available in Allegro CL Pulcinella provides primitives to build and evaluate uncertainty models according to several uncertainty calculi including probability theory possibility theory and Dempster Shafer s theory of belief functions an
59. el Toolkit HTK is a portable toolkit for building and manipulating hidden Markov models HTK consists of a set of library modules and tools available in C source form The tools provide sophisticated facilities for speech analysis HMM training testing and results analysis The software supports HMMs using both continuous density mixture Gaussians and discrete distributions and can be used to build complex HMM systems The HTK release contains extensive documentation and examples Web site www pms informatik uni muenchen de software jack JCK is a new library providing constraint programming and search for Java GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO JCK consists of three components 0 JCHR Java Constraint Handling Rules A high level language to write constraint solvers 0 JASE Java Abstract Search Engine A generic search engine for JCHR to solve constraint problems 0 VisualCHR An interactive tool to visualize JCHR computations Source and documentation available from link above KANREN LK Web site kanren sourceforge net KANREN is a declarative logic programming system with first class relations embedded in a pure functional subset of Scheme The system has a set theoretical semantics true unions fair scheduling first class relations lexically scoped logical variables depth first and iterative deepening strategies The system achieves high performance and expressivity without cuts 0 Web site www cs utoronto ca n
60. ents along with sample agents for them There are two versions now One written for SWI prolog and one written for LPA prolog Documentation is roughly done with a student professor framework in mind Web site http www haskell org yampa FRP system with robotics library and graphical interactive robotics simulator Functional reactive programming or FRP is a paradigm for programming hybrid systems i e systems containing a combination of both continuous and discrete components in a high level declarative way The key ideas in FRP are its notions of continuous time varying values and time ordered sequences of discrete events Yampa is an instantiation of FRP as a domain specific language embedded in Haskell 0 Web site http eris liralab it yarp YARP is plumbing for robot software It is a set of libraries protocols and tools to keep modules and devices cleanly decoupled It is reluctant middleware with no desire or expectation to be in control of your system More specifically YARP supports building a robot control system as a collection of programs communicating in a peer to peer way with a family of connection types that meet the diverse sometimes contradictory and always changing needs of advanced robotics We also encourage compilation and use of hardware devices in a future proof way Our strategic goal is to increase the longevity of robot software projects 7 Statistical amp Machine Learning All abo
61. erbots It uses a basic regex pattern matching and a semi neural rule response firing mechanism with excitement decay cycles Dunce is listed about halfway down the page EcoSim Web site http www offis de projekte projekt php id 140 NOTE the above web site has info on EcoSim but no code to download In EcoSim an ecosystem is described by all static and dynamic properties of the individuals involved in the system as well as time varying properties of the environment Individuals change their state over time or due to internal and external events The environment is also defined via dynamic objects which can change Supports on the fly analysis and animation of generated data It is a C class library designed to support individual oriented modelling and simulation of ecological systems Evo Web site http omicrongroup org evo Evo is a software development framework that allows developers to build complex alife simulations Using Evo researchers can easily build systems of independent agents interacting with one another and with their environment Evo implements biological operators such as genetic recombination and mutation to evolve the behavior of agents so that they are more adapted to their environment Grany 3 Web site http zarb org gc html grany html Grany 3 is a full featured cellular automaton simulator made in C with Gtk flex bison doxygen and gettext useful to granular media physicists 8 1 MIA
62. etic Algorithms and Genetic Programming component provided as a Java framework It provides basic genetic mechanisms that can be easily used to apply evolutionary principles to problem solutions JGAP was designed to be very easy to use out of the box while also designed to be highly modular so that more adventurous users can easily plug in custom genetic operators and other sub components Web site http garage cse msu edu software lil gp patched lil gp 4 1 EC class code libraries 31 Lithos GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http cs gmu edu sean research lil gp patch lil gp is a generic C genetic programming tool It was written with a number of goals in mind speed ease of use and support for a number of options including 0 Generic C program that runs on UNIX workstations Support for multiple population experiments using arbitrary and user settable topologies for exchange for a single processor i e you can do multiple population gp experiments on your PC lil gp manipulates trees of function pointers which are allocated in single large memory blocks for speed and to avoid swapping The patched lil gp kernel is strongly typed with modifications on multithreading coevolution and other tweaks and features 0 Web site www esatclear ie rwallace lithos html Lithos is a stack based evolutionary computation system Unlike most EC systems its representation language is computationally
63. eto research Ik LK is an implementation of the Lin Kernighan heuristic for the Traveling Salesman Problem and for the minimum weight perfect matching problem It is tuned for 2 d geometric instances and has been applied to certain instances with up to a million cities Also included are instance generators and Perl scripts for munging TSPLIB instances This implementation introduces efficient cluster compensation an experimental algorithmic technique intended to make the Lin Kernighan heuristic more robust in the face of clustered data LingPipe Logfun Loom 2 1 Al class code libraries Web site http alias i com lingpipe LingPipe is a state of the art suite of natural language processing tools written in Java that performs tokenization sentence detection named entity detection coreference resolution classification clustering part of speech tagging general chunking fuzzy dictionary matching 0 Web site http www irisa fr lande ferre logfun Logfun is a library of logic functors A logic functor is a function that can be applied to zero one or several logics so as to produce a new logic as a combination of argument logics Each argument logic can itself be built by combination of logic functors The signature of a logic is made of a parser and a printer of formulas logical operations such as a theorem prover for entailment between formulas and more specific operations required by Logical Information Systems LIS
64. g degrees of realism and complexity can be specified activated and recorded and trading buyer and seller heterogeneous human and software agents compared tuned and evaluated Grasshopper Web site http www grasshopper de Another Java agent system Full featured and actively developed Commercial but free Historically targeted at embedded systems 6 1 Software Agents 46 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Hive 0 Web site http hive sourceforge net Hive is a Java software platform for creating distributed applications Using Hive programmers can easily create systems that connect and use data from all over the Internet At its heart Hive is an environment for distributed agents to live communicating and moving to fulfill applications We are trying to make the Internet alive ICM 0 SourceForge site http sourceforge net projects networkagent The Inter Agent Communication Model ICM is a communication mechanism that can be used for sending messages between agents in an asynchronous fashion Its intended application area is as a transportation mechanism for agent communication languages ACLs such as KQML and FIPA s ACL Jacomma Web site http jacomma sourceforge net 0 SourceForge site http sourceforge net projects jacomma Jacomma is an agent development platform framework for developing distributed mobile and reactive information agents with heterogeneous communication capabilities in Java
65. gging obstacle avoidance localization path planning and mapping CLARAty Web site http claraty jpl nasa gov man overview CLARAty is an integrated framework for reusable robotic software It defines interfaces for common robotic functionality and integrates multiple implementations of any given functionality Examples of such capabilities include pose estimation navigation locomotion and planning In addition to supporting multiple algorithms it provides adaptations to multiple robotic platforms This is a public release of the some of the code used in the Mars rover projects at NASA It is under a free for non commercial use licence and consists of large number of modules and algorithms along with extensive documentation GNU Robots 0 Web site http www gnu org software robots GNU Robots is a game diversion where you construct a program for a little robot then watch him explore a world The world is filled with baddies that can hurt you objects that you can bump into and food that you can eat The goal of the game is to collect as many prizes as possible before are killed by a baddie or you run out of energy Robots can be written in Guile scheme or using a GUI Infon Battle Arena Web site http infon dividuum de 0 Web site https github com dividuum infon Infon Battle Arena is a networked multiplayer real time programming game featuring little creatures fighting for food You upload your Creature Code w
66. gh the software can also model more abstract networks other simulators are more suitable for backpropagation and similar connectionist modeling JavaBayes Jbpe Nengo Web site http www cs cmu edu javabayes The JavaBayes system is a set of tools containing a graphical editor a core inference engine and a parser JavaBayes can produce the marginal distribution for any variable in a network the expectations for univariate functions for example expected value for variables 0 configurations with maximum a posteriori probability configurations with maximum a posteriori expectation for univariate functions 0 Web site cs felk cvut cz koutnij studium jbpe html Jbpe is a back propagation neural network editor simulator Features Standart back propagation networks creation Saving network as a text file which can be edited and loaded back 0 Saving loading binary file 0 Learning from a text file with structure specified below number of learning periods desired network energy can be specified as a criterion Network recall Web site http www nengo ca Nengo Nengo Neural Simulator is a graphical and scripting based software package for simulating large scale neural systems To use it you define groups of neurons in terms of what they represent and then form connections between neural groups in terms of what computation should be performed on those representations Nengo then uses
67. hods roulette wheel stochastic remainder sampling tournament selection stochastic universal sampling linear ranking then SUS Random or superuniform initialization of ordinary non permutation binary or non binary chromosomes random initialization of permutation based chromosomes or user supplied initialization of arbitrary types of chromosomes 0 Binary or non binary alphabetic fields on value based chromosomes including different user definable field sizes 0 3 crossovers for value based representations 1 pt 2 pt and uniform all of which operate at field boundaries if a non binary alphabet is used 0 4 crossovers for order based reps PMX order based uniform order based and cycle 0 4 mutations fast bitwise multiple field swap and random sublist scramble Fitness scaling linear scaling Boltzmann scaling sigma truncation window scaling ranking 0 Plus a whole lot more GAS Web site http starship python net crew gandalf GAS means Genetic Algorithms Stuff GAS is freeware Purpose of GAS is to explore and exploit artificial evolutions Primary implementation language of GAS is Python The GAS software package is meant to be a Python framework for applying genetic algorithms It contains an example application where it is tried to breed Python program strings This special problem falls into the category of Genetic Programming GP and or Automatic Programming Nevertheless GAS tries to be useful for other
68. hybrid networks 4 Evolutionary Computing Evolutionary computing is actually a broad term for a vast array of programming techniques including genetic algorithms complex adaptive systems evolutionary programming etc The main thrust of all these techniques is the idea of evolution The idea that a program can be written that will evolve toward a certain goal This goal can be anything from solving some engineering problem to winning a game 4 1 EC class code libraries These are libraries of code or classes for use in programming within the evolutionary computation field They are not meant as stand alone applications but rather as tools for building your own applications ANNEvolve 0 Web site annevolve sourceforge net A collection of programs using evolved artificial neural networks to solve a series of problems The long term goal of the project is to advance our level of understanding about simulated evolution as a means to configure and optimize Artificial Neural Nets ANNs The medium term goal is to apply our methods to a series of interesting problems such as sail boat piloting and playing the game NIM A secondary goal is educational in nature We attempt to write our software with ample explanation not just for the user but for the engineer programmer scientist who wants to understand the innermost detail All of the source code is freely available to anyone to use without restriction All of the ANNEvolve software is i
69. ic interface written in CLIM If your Common Lisp also has CLIM you can run the graphic interface Illuminator Web site http documents cfar umd edu resources source illuminator html Illuminator is a toolset for developing OCR and Image Understanding applications Illuminator has two major parts a library for representing storing and retrieving OCR information heretofore called dafslib and an X Windows DAFS file viewer called illum Illuminator and DAFS lib were designed to supplant existing OCR formats and become a standard in the industry They particularly are extensible to handle more than just English The features of this release 0 5 magnification levels for images flagged characters and words unicode support American British French German Greek Italian MICR Norwegian Russian Spanish Swedish keyboards 0 reads DAFS TIFF s PDA s image only save to DAFS ASCI UTF or Unicode 0 Entity Viewer shows properties character choices bounding boxes image fragment for a selected entity change type change content hierarchy mode Jet s Neural Architecture Web site http www voltar confed org neural 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage 66 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Jet s Neural Architecture is a C framework for doing neural net projects The goals of this project were to make a fast flexible neural architecture that isn t stuck to one kind of net and to make sure that end users could
70. ing SHOGUN is implemented in C and interfaces to Matlab tm R Octave and Python 0 Web site http ilk uvt nl timbl The Tilburg Memory Based Learner TiMBL is a tool for NLP research and for many other domains where classification tasks are learned from examples It is an efficient implementation of k nearest neighbor classifier TiMBL s features are 7 1 Libraries 62 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Fast decision tree based implementation of k nearest neighbor lassification Implementations of IB1 and IB2 IGTree TRIBL and TRIBL2 algorithms 0 Similarity metrics Overlap MVDM Jeffrey Divergence Dot product Cosine Feature weighting metrics information gain gain ratio chi squared shared variance 0 Distance weighting metrics inverse inverse linear exponential decay Extensive verbosity options to inspect nearest neighbor sets 0 Server functionality and extensive API Fast leave one out testing and internal cross validation 0 and Handles user defined example weighting 7 2 Applications Full applications that implement various machine learning or statistical systems oriented toward general learning i e no spam filters and the like dbacl 0 Web site http dbacl sourceforge net The dbacl project consist of a set of lightweight UNIX POSIX utilities which can be used either directly or in shell scripts to classify text documents automatically according to Bayesian statistical principle
71. ipe GATE Infon Battle Arena CLARAty Reverend Shogun Nanopond Polyworld Fluidiom NEAT Framsticks URBI RobotFlow Nero ffnet Alloy removed Pyke NuPIC Simbad Robodeb Loom PowerLoom tinygp Curry removed JGAP PyCLIPS and STELLA removed I chopped the Agents section into two sub sections one for Software Agents and one for Robotics and Simulators I play it a bit fast and loose in my deciding what goes into each category but it is an improvement MIA found Cellular the cellular automata programming system Fixed many bad links and cleaned out missing projects v2 3 New entries Yampa pygene Push removed ANNEvolve dgpf Golly IBAL 3APL OSCAR and RobocodeNG Updated information for some entries including Yale Joone Drone Biome ECLiPSe removed Xtoys GECO Creatures Docking Station and others I also changed the MIA section to Missing amp Dead which now groups into subsections entries with bad links that I can t find replacements for and long dead projects v2 2 Fixed a some bad links and was forced to move a few entries into the MIA missing section I also removed one duplicate entry New entries MASON spyse AntWars OpenSteer Pyro Robocode Trend and Open BEAGLE v2 1 New entries NLTK NEURObjects KANREN Neural Networks at your Fingertips SimWorld SimAgent Fuzzy sets for Ada maxent Evo breve and AJA v2 0 R
72. is an extensible Mud client and framework for the creation of autonomous agents or bots as well as mudding in general Lyntin is centered around Python a dynamic object oriented and fun programming language and based on TinTin a lovely mud client 0 Web site mole informatik uni stuttgart de Mole is an agent system supporting mobile agents programmed in Java Mole s agents consist of a cluster of objects which have no references to the outside and as a whole work on tasks given by the user or another agent They have the ability to roam a network of locations autonomously These locations are an abstraction of real existing nodes in the underlying network They can use location specific resources by communicating with dedicated agents representing these services Agents are able to use services provided by other agents and to provide services as well 0 Web site www logilab org Narval is the acronym of Network Assistant Reasoning with a Validating Agent Language It is a personal network assistant based on artificial intelligence and agent technologies It executes recipes sequences of actions to perform tasks It is easy to specify a new action using XML and to implement it using Python Recipes can be built and debugged using a graphical interface 0 Web site www nevrax org NeL is actually a game development library for massive multi player games but I m including it here as it will include a fairly sizable AI library
73. its execution at an arbitrary point transport to another machine and resume execution on the new machine For example an agent carrying a mail message migrates first to a router and then to the recipient s mailbox The agent can perform arbitrarily complex processing at each machine in order to ensure that the message reaches the intended recipient DIET Agents Web site http diet agents sourceforge net DIET Agents is a lightweight scalable and robust multi agent platform in Java It is especially suitable for rapidly developing P2P prototype applications and or adaptive distributed applications that use bottom up nature inspired techniques FishMarket Web site http www iiia csic es Projects fishmarket newindex html FM The FishMarket project conducted at the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute HIA CSIC attempts to contribute in that direction by developing FM an agent mediated electronic auction house which has been evolved into a test bed for electronic auction markets The framework conceived and implemented as an extension of FM96 5 a Java based version of the Fishmarket auction house allows to define trading scenarios based on fish market auctions Dutch auctions FM provides the framework wherein agent designers can perform controlled experimentation in such a way that a multitude of experimental market scenarios that we regard as tournament scenarios due to the competitive nature of the domain of varyin
74. jects in their environment They can interact with their owners using simple language and also with each other They can form relationships and produce offspring which inherit their neural and biochemical structure from their parents and are capable of open ended evolution over time They can fall prey to a variety of diseases as well as genetic defects and can be treated with appropriate medicines Critterding Web site http critterding sourceforge net Web site telepathic critterdrug http m net arbornet org flamoot telepathic critterdrug html Critterding is a Petri dish universe in 3D that demonstrates evolving artificial life Critters start out with completely random brains and bodies but will automatically start evolving into something with much better survival skills The lifeforms are placed in an artificial environment where there neural net brains can evolve Telepathic critterdrug is a fork of Critterding introducing a communications medium called a retina and psychoactive substances that effect this retina dblife amp dblifelib Drone FTP site ibiblio org pub Linux science ai life dblife Sources for a fancy Game of Life program for X11 and curses It is not meant to be incredibly fast use xlife for that But it IS meant to allow the easy editing and viewing of Life objects and has some powerful features The related dblifelib package is a library of Life objects to use with the program
75. lass for 3 level networks input hidden and output layers The only learning rule implemented is simple backpropagation No documentation or even comments at all because this is simply code that I use to experiment with Includes modules containing sample datasets from Carl G Looney s NN book Requires the Numeric extensions Python Fuzzy Logic Module FTP site ftp ftp csh rit edu pub members retrev A simple python module for fuzzy logic The file is fuz tar gz in this directory The author plans to also write a simple genetic algorithm and a neural net library as well Check the 00_index file in this directory for release info QUANTI Web site http linux irk ru projects QUANT This project seems to have gone proprietary The only trace I can find via google is at http www zurich co uk strategicrisk softwaresupport Quantl htm QUANT 1 stands for type QUANTifier It aims to be an alternative to Prolog like Resulutional like systems Main features include a lack of necessity for eliminating Quantifiers scolemisation ease of comprehension large scale formulae operation acceptance of nonHorn formulaes and Iterative deeping The actual library implemented in this project is called ATPPCF Automatic Theorem Prover in calculus of Positively Constructed Formulae 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage 68 SCNN GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO ATPPCF will be a library inference engine and an extension of the Predicate C
76. ll help someone get started working with and find resources for artificial intelligence artificial life etc All done with GNU Linux specifically in mind 1 2 What s New e v3 1 New entries SimpleAl Resurfaced MIA entry NuPIC Deleted the section on Programming languages I moved the couple of agent oriented domain specific languages 2APL and APRIL into the sections relevant to the work I removed the rest as they were all just general purpose languages Changed my Copyright License to CCQ That is no copyright it is Public Domain I no longer wish to take part in copyright http questioncopyright org v3 0 New entries ORTS FANN OpenCV CBR Microprograms ConceptNet FreeHAL 2APL Alchemy plop evolver PyIE Pyevolve txevolver python dlp CompLearn dbacl Maximum MBT scikits learn NeuroLab Biogenesis brain simulator Torch5 Encog Nengo DEAP and Emergent 7 Statistical amp Machine Learning 2 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Changed the name of the Traditional section to Symbolic Systems GOFAD Added new section Statistical amp Machine Learning Seems someone has resuscitated EMA XPS Not very active but enough to pull out of the dead projects area and place back amounst the living I also fixed many links and moved quite a few dead projects to Missing amp Dead v2 4 New entries Eprover Player Logfun Livingstone2 Quackle LingP
77. lso performs feature selection These classifiers can be combined in many ways to form different classification systems For unsupervised learning milk supports k means clustering and affinity propagation 7 1 Libraries 60 peach pebl GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http nltk org NLTK the Natural Language Toolkit is a suite of Python libraries and programs for symbolic and Statistical natural language processing NLTK includes graphical demonstrations and sample data It is accompanied by extensive documentation including tutorials that explain the underlying concepts behind the language processing tasks supported by the toolkit NLTK is ideally suited to students who are learning NLP natural language processing or conducting research in NLP or closely related areas including empirical linguistics cognitive science artificial intelligence information retrieval and machine learning NLTK has been used successfully as a teaching tool as an individual study tool and as a platform for prototyping and building research systems Web site http code google com p peach Peach is a pure python module based on SciPy and NumPy to implement algorithms for computational intelligence and machine learning Methods implemented include but are not limited to artificial neural networks fuzzy logic genetic algorithms swarm intelligence and much more The aim of this library is primarily educational Nonetheless care wa
78. ly platform independent located on one of the resources listed on the links section of the Master Site given above 1 4 Updates and comments If you find any mistakes know of updates to one of the items below or have problems compiling any of the applications please mail me at jae zhar net and I ll see what I can do If you know of any AI Alife applications class libraries etc Please email me about them Include your name ftp and or http sites where they can be found plus a brief overview commentary on the software this info would make things a lot easier on me but don t feel obligated I know that keeping this list up to date and expanding it will take quite a bit of work So please be patient I do have other projects I hope you will find this document helpful 1 5 Copyright License CO To the extent possible under law John Eikenberry has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work This work is published from United States 2 Symbolic Systems GOFAI Traditionally AI was based around the ideas of logic rule systems linguistics and the concept of rationality At its roots are programming languages such as Lisp and Prolog though newer systems tend to use more popular procedural languages Expert systems are the largest successful example of this paradigm An expert system consists of a detailed knowledge base and a complex rule system to utilize it Such systems have been used for such things
79. mple examples are also provided to illustrate the intended use GenePool 0 Web site http www rubinsteyn com genepool GenePool is a framework for writing evolutionary optimization algorithms in OCaml This library is not a complete solution but rather is a generic skeleton which takes care of the plumbing and nuisances of optimization You provide GenePool with functions that give meaning to fitness and reproduction and after a specified number of generation GenePool returns an array of the best genomes it evolved Genetic 0 Web site 0 You can get it from the debian repository http packages qa debian org g genetic html This is a package for genetic algorythms and AI in Python Genetic can typically solve ANY problem that consists to minimize a function It also includes several demos examples like the TSP traveling saleman problem GPdata FTP site ftp ftp cs bham ac uk pub authors W B Langdon gp code GPdata 3 0 tar gz C contains a version of Andy Singleton s GP Quick version 2 1 which has been extensively altered to support Indexed memory operation cf teller multi tree programs 4 1 EC class code libraries 30 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Adfs parameter changes without recompilation populations partitioned into demes A version of pareto fitness This ftp site also contains a small C program ntrees cc to calculate the number of different there are of a given length and gi
80. mplemented in C and Python 4 Evolutionary Computing 26 EAP daga DEAP dgpf GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http code google com p deap EAP has been built using the Python and UNIX programming philosophies in order to provide a transparent simple and coherent environment for implementing your favourite evolutionary algorithms EAP is very easy to use even for those who do not know much about the Python programming language EAP uses the object oriented paradigm that is provided by Python in order to make development simple and beautiful It also contains a 15 illustrative and diversified examples to help newcomers to ramp up very quickly in using this environment It includes Genetic Algorithms using any imaginable representation Genetic Programming with strongly and loosely typed trees in addition to automatically defined functions Evolution Strategies including Covariance Matrix Adaptation multiobjective optimization techniques NSGA II and SPEA2 easy parallelization of algorithms and much more like milestones genealogy etc 0 Web site garage cps msu edu software daga3 2 daga is an experimental release of a 2 level genetic algorithm compatible with the GALOPPS GA software It is a meta GA which dynamically evolves a population of GAs to solve a problem presented to the lower level GAs When multiple GAs with different operators parameter settings etc are simultaneously applied to the same problem
81. mpletely Agentifies the communication that takes place between software applications The applications become agents and all messages are carried by agents Thus Bee gent allows developers to build flexible open distributed systems that make optimal use of existing applications Web site http bond cs ucf edu 6 1 Software Agents 45 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Bond is a Java based distributed object system and agent framework It implements a message based middleware and associated services like directory persistence monitoring and security Bond allows to easily build multi agent distributed applications Another application of Bond will be a Virtual Laboratory supporting data annotation and metacomputing Cougaar Web site http www cougaar org Cougaar is java based architecture for the construction of large scale distributed agent based applications It is the product of a multi year DARPA research project into large scale agent systems and includes not only the core architecture but also a variety of demonstration visualization and management components to simplify the development of complex distributed applications Yet another java based agent system ed D Agent was AGENT TCL 0 Web site http agent cs dartmouth edu software agent2 0 A transportable agent is a program that can migrate from machine to machine in a heterogeneous network The program chooses when and where to migrate It can suspend
82. mulation program It allows you to create complex nerve models by connecting multiple one dimensional sections together to form arbitrary cell morphologies and allows you to insert multiple membrane properties into these sections including channels synapses ionic concentrations and counters The interface was designed to present the neural modeler with a intuitive environment and hide the details of the numerical methods used in the simulation Neuroph 0 Web site http neuroph sourceforge net Neuroph is lightweight Java neural network framework to develop common neural network architectures It contains well designed open source Java library with small number of basic classes which correspond to basic NN concepts Also has nice GUI neural network editor to quickly create Java neural network components PDP Web site http archive cnbc cmu edu Resources PDP PDP html FTP mirror US ftp grey colorado edu pub oreilly pdp NOTE Renamed to Emergent As the field of Connectionist modeling has grown so has the need for a comprehensive simulation environment for the development and testing of Connectionist models Our goal in developing PDP has been to integrate several powerful software development and user interface tools into a general purpose simulation environment that is both user friendly and user extensible The simulator is built in the C programming language and incorporates a state of the art script inte
83. n a powerful tool for real life tasks Web site http ilk uvt nl mbt 7 1 Libraries 61 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO MBT is a memory based tagger generator and tagger in one The tagger generator part can generate a sequence tagger on the basis of a training set of tagged sequences the tagger part can tag new sequences MBT can for instance be used to generate part of speech taggers or chunkers for natural language processing It has also been used for named entity recognition information extraction in domain specific texts and disfluency chunking in transcribed speech MLAP book samples 0 Web site http seat massey ac nz personal s r marsland MLBook html Not a library per say but a whole slew of example machine learning algorithms from the book Machine Learning An Algorithmic Perspective by Stephen Marsland All code is written in python scikits learn Shogun timbl Web site http scikit learn org stable scikits learn is a Python module integrating classic machine learning algorithms in the tightly knit world of scientific Python packages numpy scipy matplotlib It aims to provide simple and efficient solutions to learning problems that are accessible to everybody and reusable in various contexts machine learning as a versatile tool for science and engineering Web site http www shogun toolbox org The machine learning toolbox s focus is on large scale kernel methods and especially on Support
84. n operators 0 Easy integration of hill climbing heuristics Extensive debugging facilities 0 Large set of example problems 0 Detailed users guide 4 1 EC class code libraries 32 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO FTP site ftp idsia ch pub rafal Probabilistic Incremental Program Evolution PIPE is a novel technique for automatic program synthesis The software is written in C It plop 0 is easy to install comes with an automatic installation tool 0 is easy to use setting up PIPE_V1 0 for different problems requires a minimal amount of programming User written application independent program parts can easily be reused 0 is efficient PIPE_V1 0 has been tuned to speed up performance 0 is portable comes with source code optimized for SunOS 5 5 1 is extensively documented and contains three example applications supports statistical evaluations it facilitates running multiple experiments and collecting results in output files 0 includes testing tool for testing generalization of evolved programs supports floating point and integer arithmetic has extensive output features For lil gp users Problems set up for lil gp 1 0 can be easily ported to PIPE_v1 0 The testing tool can also be used to process programs evolved by lil gp 1 0 Web site http code google com p plop A Common Lisp framework for experimenting with meta optimizing semantic evolutionary search MOSES and relate
85. nts are a set of applications that watch over a user s shoulder and suggest information relevant to the current situation While query based memory aids help with direct recall remembrance agents are an augmented associative memory For example the word processor version of the RA continuously updates a list of documents relevant to what s being typed or read in an emacs buffer These suggested documents can be any text files that might be relevant to what you are currently writing or reading They might be old emails related to the mail you are currently reading or abstracts from papers and newspaper articles that discuss the topic of your writing SimA gent spyse Web site www cs bham ac uk research projects poplog packages simagent html The SimAgent toolkit provides a range of resources for research and teaching related to the development of interacting agents in environments of various degrees and kinds of complexity It can be run as a pure simulation tool or installed in a robot with a sufficiently powerful on board computer e g running linux It was originally developed to support exploratory research on human like intelligent agents but has also been used for student projects developing a variety of interactive games and simulations Web site spyse sf net 0 Alt Web site zope org Members drapmeyer spyse spyse is a development framework and platform for building multi agent systems using the Python programming language A mul
86. ny aspects similar to EC and Connectionism but takes these ideas and gives them a meta level twist Alife emphasizes the development of intelligence through emergent behavior of complex adaptive systems Alife stresses the social or group based aspects of intelligence It seeks to understand life and survival By studying the behaviors of groups of beings Alife seeks to discover the way intelligence or higher order activity emerges from seemingly simple individuals Cellular Automata and Conway s Game of Life are probably the most commonly known applications of this field Complex Systems abbreviated CS are very similar to alife in the way the are approached just more general in definition ie alife is a type of complex system Usually complex system software takes the form of a simulator 5 1 Alife amp CS class code libraries These are libraries of code or classes for use in programming within the artificial life field They are not meant as stand alone applications but rather as tools for building your own applications 5 Alife amp Complex Systems 35 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO AgentFarms Web site http www agentfarms net Agent Farms is a system for modelling and simulation of complex multi agent based systems The system can be used for Creating models of multi agent systems Interactive and distributed simulation Observation and visualisation of the simulation 0 Population modification and migration Biome
87. of functions written in C that can be called from your own program Most of the well known classifiers are present k nn Fisher Parzen as well as error estimation and dataset generation routines ANNLIB Artificial Neural Networks Library is a neural network simulation library based on the data architecture laid down by SPRLIB The library contains numerous functions for creating training and testing feed forward networks Training algorithms include back propagation pseudo Newton Levenberg Marquardt conjugate gradient descent BFGS Furthermore it is possible due to the datastructures general applicability to build Kohonen maps and other more exotic network architectures using the same data types Web site http www trajan software demon co uk sugal htm Sugal soo gall is the SUnderland Genetic ALgorithm system The aim of Sugal is to support research and implementation in Genetic Algorithms on a common software platform As such Sugal supports a large number of variants of Genetic Algorithms and has extensive features to support customization and extension ThoughtTreasure Web site http www signiform com tt htm tt htm 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage 69 TIN GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO ThoughtTreasure is a project to create a database of commonsense rules for use in any application It consists of a database of a little over 100K rules and a C API to integrate it with your applications Python
88. onality message passing between processes and package management It also provides tools and libraries for obtaining building writing and running code across multiple computers Simbad Web site http simbad sourceforge net Simbad is a Java 3d robot simulator for scientific and educationnal purposes It is mainly dedicated to researchers programmers who want a simple basis for studying Situated Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning and more generally AI algorithms in the context of Autonomous Robotics and Autonomous Agents It is not intented to provide a real world simulation and is kept voluntarily readable and simple 6 2 Robotics and Simulators 57 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Simbad enables programmers to write their own robot controller modify the environment and use the available sensors Don t think of it as a finite product but merely as an opened framework to test your own ideas SimRobot Web site http www informatik uni bremen de simrobot FTP site ftp ftp uni bremen de pub ZK W INFORM simrobot SimRobot is a program for simulation of sensor based robots in a 3D environment It is written in C runs under UNIX and X11 and needs the graphics toolkit X View Simulation of robot kinematics 0 Hierarchically built scene definition via a simple definition language 0 Various sensors built in camera facette eye distance measurement light sensor etc Objects defined as polyeders
89. onents permits programmers to utilize logic programming production rule and object oriented programming paradigms in a single application Loom can also be used as a deductive layer that overlays an ordinary CLOS network In this mode users can obtain many of the benefits of using Loom without impacting the function or performance of their CLOS based applications Python C version http homepages inf ed ac uk Izhang10 maxent_toolkit html Java version maxent sourceforge net The Maximum Entropy Toolkit provides a set of tools and library for constructing maximum entropy maxent models in either Python or C Maxent Entropy Model is a general purpose machine learning framework that has proved to be highly expressive and powerful in statistical natural language processing statistical physics computer vision and many other fields It features conditional maximum entropy models L BFGS and GIS parameter estimation Gaussian Prior smoothing a C API a Python extension module a command line utility and good documentation A Java version is also available Nyquist 0 Web site www 2 cs cmu edu music nyquist The Computer Music Project at CMU is developing computer music and interactive performance technology to enhance human musical experience and creativity This interdisciplinary effort draws on Music Theory Cognitive Science Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Human Computer Interaction Real Time Systems Computer
90. onomics It implements various auction mechanisms trading strategies and experiments described in the computational economics literature and as the software matures we hope that it will become a repository for reference implementations of commonly used mechanisms strategies and learning algorithms 0 Web site http jason sourceforge net A Java based interpreter for an extended version of AgentSpeak Unlike other BDI Beliefs Desires Intentions agent tools Jason implements the operational semantics of AgentSpeak a BDI logic programming language extensively discussed in the literature It is available as Open Source under GNU LGPL JATLite Web site http java stanford edu JATLite is providing a set of java packages which makes easy to build multi agent systems using Java JATLite provides only light weight small set of packages so that the developers can handle all the packages with little efforts For flexibility JATLite provides four different layers from abstract to Router implementation A user can access any layer we are providing Each layer has a different set of assumptions The user can choose an appropriate layer according to the assumptions on the layer and user s application The introduction page contains JATLite features and the set of assumptions for each layer JATLiteBeans Web site http waitaki otago ac nz JATLiteBean 0 Improved easier to use interface to JATLite features including KQML message parsing
91. onship diagrams Class Relationship diagrams Data and Event Flow diagrams State Transition diagrams Jackson Process Structure diagrams and System Network diagrams Function Refinement trees and various table editors such as a Function Entity table editor and a Function Decomposition table editor TCM is easy to use and performs numerous consistency checks some of them immediately some of them upon request 0 Web site yale sf net 0 Alt Web site rapid i com YALE Yet Another Learning Environment is an environment for machine learning experiments Experiments can be made up of a large number of arbitrarily nestable operators and their setup is described by XML files which can easily created with a graphical user interface Applications of YALE cover both research and real world learning tasks Web site lucy cs waikato ac nz ml WEKA Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis is an state of the art facility for applying machine learning techniques to practical problems It is a comprehensive software workbench that allows people to analyse real world data It integrates different machine learning tools within a common framework and a uniform user interface It is designed to support a simplicity first methodology which allows users to experiment interactively with simple machine learning tools before looking for more complex solutions 3 Connectionism Connectionism is a technical term for a group of related techniques These t
92. onstraint networks a graphic interface based on the X11 Window System and the OSF Motif Widget Library has been provided Eprover Web site http www eprover org 0 Web site http www4 informatik tu muenchen de schulz WORK eprover html The E Equational Theorem Prover is a purely equational theorem prover The core proof procedure operates on formulas in clause normal form using a calculus that combines superposition with selection of negative literals and rewriting No special rules for non equational literals have been implemented i e resolution is simulated via paramodulation and equality resolution The basic calculus is extended with rules for AC redundancy elemination some contextual simplification and pseudo splitting The latest version of E also supports simultaneous paramodulation either for all inferences or for selected inferences E is based on the DISCOUNT loop variant of the given clause algorithm i e a strict separation of active and passive facts Proof search in E is primarily controlled by a literal selection strategy a clause evaluation heuristic and a simplification ordering The prover supports a large number of preprogrammed literal selection strategies many of which are only experimental Clause evaluation heuristics can be constructed on the fly by combining various parameterized primitive evaluation functions or can be selected from a set of predefined heuristics Supported term orderings are several
93. orithms Through Evolution is a system for automatic programming 1 e inductive inference of algorithms which may be the best way to develop artificial and general intelligence The ADATE system can automatically generate non trivial and novel algorithms Algorithms are generated through large scale combinatorial search that employs sophisticated program transformations and heuristics The ADATE system is particularly good at synthesizing symbolic functional programs and has several unique qualities esep amp xesep Web site esep www iit edu elrad esep html Web site xesep www iit edu elrad xesep html This is a new scheduler called Evolution Scheduler based on Genetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Programming It lives with original Linux priority scheduler This means you don t have to reboot to change the scheduling policy You may simply use the manager program esep to switch between them at any time and esep itself is an all in one for scheduling status commands and administration We didn t intend to remove the original priority scheduler instead at least esep provides you with 4 2 EC software kits applications 34 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO another choice to use a more intelligent scheduler which carries out natural competition in an easy and effective way Xesep is a graphical user interface to the esep Evolution Scheduling and Evolving Processes It s intended to show users how to start play and feel th
94. ot army by tuning their artificial brains for challenging tasks then pit them against your friends teams in online competitions The goals of the project are 1 to demonstrate the power of state of the art machine learning technology 2 to create an engaging game based on it and 3 to provide a robust and challenging development and benchmarking domain for AI researchers Closed source but free to download They are working on OpenNERO which will be open source and more intended as a research platform Orca 0 Web site http orca robotics sourceforge net 0 Web site https github com naderman orca robotics Orca is an open source framework for developing component based robotic systems It provides the means for defining and developing the building blocks which can be pieced together to form arbitrarily complex robotic systems from single vehicles to distributed sensor networks Player 0 Web site http playerstage sourceforge net Player wiki http playerstage sourceforge net wiki Player Player is a device server that provides a powerful flexible interface to a variety of sensors and actuators e g robots Because Player uses a TCP socket based client server model robot control programs can be written in any programming language and can execute on any computer with network connectivity to the robot In addition Player supports multiple concurrent client connections to devices creating new possibilities for distributed and collabor
95. per nicta com au Elefant Efficient Learning Large scale Inference and Optimisation Toolkit is an open source library for machine learning licensed under the Mozilla Public License MPL We develop an open source machine learning toolkit which provides 0 algorithms for machine learning utilising the power of multi core multi threaded processors operating systems Linux WIndows Mac OS X 0 a graphical user interface for users who want to quickly prototype machine learning experiments tutorials to support learning about Statistical Machine Learning Statistical Machine Learning at The Australian National University and detailed and precise documentation for each of the above Maximum Entropy Toolkit Milk NLTK 0 Web site http nomepages inf ed ac uk Izhang10 maxent toolkit html The Maximum Entropy Toolkit provides a set of tools and library for constructing maximum entropy maxent model in either Python or C Maxent Entropy Model is a general purpose machine learning framework that has proved to be highly expressive and powerful in statistical natural language processing statistical physics computer vision and many other fields Web site http packages python org milk Web site https github com luispedro milk Milk is a machine learning toolkit in Python It s focus is on supervised classification with several classifiers available SVMs based on libsvm k NN random forests decision trees It a
96. perceive their world through a sense of vision provided by a computer graphic rendering of the world from each organism s point of view The organisms physiologies are also encoded genetically so both brain and body and thus all components of behavior evolve over multiple generations A variety of species with varying individual and group survival strategies have emerged in various simulations displaying such complex ethological behaviors as swarming flocking foraging and attack avoidance POSES Tierra Trend Web site http www gpc de e_poses html The POSES software tool supports the development and simulation of models Regarding the simulation technique models are suitable reproductions of real or planned systems for their simulative investigation In all industrial sectors or branches POSES can model and simulate any arbitrary system which is based on a discrete and discontinuous behaviour Also continuous systems can mostly be handled like discrete systems e g by quantity discretion and batch processing 0 Web site http life ou edu tierra Tierra s written in the C programming language This source code creates a virtual computer and its operating system whose architecture has been designed in such a way that the executable machine codes are evolve able This means that the machine code can be mutated by flipping bits at random or recombined by swapping segments of code between algorithms and the resulting
97. possibilities for visualizing network data NOTE You have to run the install program that comes with this to get the license key installed It gets put by default in usr lib If you like myself want to install the package somewhere other than in the usr directory structure the install program gives you this option you will have to set up some environmental variables NNLIBDIR amp NNINCLUDEDIR are required You can read about these and a few other optional variables in appendix A of the documentation pg 113 NEURObjects 0 Web site http www disi unige it person ValentiniG NEURObjects NEURObjects is a set of C library classes for neural networks development The main goal of the library consists in supporting researchers and practitioners in developing new neural network methods and applications exploiting the potentialities of object oriented design and programming NEURObjects provides also general purpose applications for classification problems and can be used for fast prototyping of inductive machine learning applications OSCAR Web site http oscarhome soc sci arizona edu ftp OSCAR web page oscar html The goal of the OSCAR project is the formulation of a general theory of rationality and its implementation in an artificial rational agent The function of artificial agents is to draw conclusions and make decisions on the basis of information supplied to them OSCAR is a fully implemented architecture for rational agen
98. possible to design various kinds of experiments including simple optimization by evolutionary algorithms co evolution open ended and spontaneous evolution distinct gene pools and populations diverse genotype phenotype mappings and species ecosystems modeling Fluidiom Web site http ostatic com fluidiom Evolutionary based alife platform Has a game like feel which makes it fun while still allowing for some interesting experimentation It takes a minimalist approach to spatial structure to make a body adds articulation in the form of muscles and then lets evolution take over to see if these bodies can learn to walk run crawl or slither from one place to the other Game Of Life GOL FTP site ibiblio org pub Linux science ai life GOL is a simulator for conway s game of life a simple cellular automata and other simple rule sets The emphasis here is on speed and scale in other words you can setup large and fast simulations gant Web site gant sourceforge net This project is an ANSI C implementation of the Generalized Langton Ant which lives on a torus gLife Web site glife sourceforge net 0 SourceForge site sourceforge net projects glife This program is similiar to Conway s Game of Life but yet it is very different It takes Conway s Game of Life and applies it to a society human society This means there is a very different and much larger rule set than in the original game Things ne
99. rary and API that is optimized for speed critical applications such as video games FFLL is able to load files that adhere to the IEC 61131 7 standard 0 Web site http staff washington edu jon flip www Flip is a logical framework written in Python A logical framework is a library for defining logics and writing applications such as theorem provers The checker can use different logics Flip comes with several You can add another logic or add axioms and derived rules by writing a module in Python Python is both the object language and the metalanguage Formulas inference rules and entire proofs are Python expressions Prover commands are Python functions Fuzzy sets for Ada HTK JCK 2 1 Al class code libraries Web site http www dmitry kazakov de ada fuzzy htm 0 Freshmeat http freshmeat net projects fuzzy Fuzzy sets for Ada is a library providing implementations of confidence factors with the operations not and or xor and classical fuzzy sets with the set theoretic operations and the operations of the possibility theory intuitionistic fuzzy sets with the operations on them fuzzy logic based on the intuitionistic fuzzy sets and the possibility theory fuzzy numbers both integer and floating point with conventional arithmetical operations and linguistic variables and sets of linguistic variables with operations on them String oriented I O is supported 0 Web site htk eng cam ac uk The Hidden Markov Mod
100. ritten in Lua to a game server using a telnet Interface The game server then runs your code The graphical client can be used to watch running games or replay recorded games Khepera Simulator 0 Web site http diwww epfl ch w3lami team michel khep sim Khepera Simulator is a public domain software package written by Olivier MICHEL during the preparation of his Ph D thesis at the Laboratoire 135 URA 1376 of CNRS and University of Nice Sophia Antipolis France It allows to write your own controller for the mobile robot Khepera using C or C languages to test them in a simulated environment and features a nice colorful X11 graphical interface Moreover if you own a Khepera robot it can drive the real robot using the same control algorithm It is mainly oriented toward to researchers studying autonomous agents MRPT 0 Web site http babel isa uma es mrpt index php Main Page The Mobile Robot Programming Toolkit MRPT is an extensive cross platform and open source C library aimed to help robotics researchers to design and implement algorithms in the fields of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping SLAM computer vision and motion planning obstacle avoidance 6 2 Robotics and Simulators 55 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Nero Web site http www nerogame org Neuro Evolving Robotic Operatives or NERO for short is a unique computer game that lets you play with adapting intelligent agents hands on Evolve your own rob
101. rl coding of algorithms to handle safe internet commerce mobile information gathering agents live content web browser helper apps distributed load balanced computation remote software update distance machine administration content based information propagation Internet wide shared data applications network application builders and so on Ps i 0 Web site ps i sourceforge net Ps i is an environment for running agent based simulations It is cross platform with binaries available for Win32 Features include declarative language for model specification 0 industry standard Tcl Tk scripting with built in routine optimization speculative evaluation and xf86 JIT compiler users can create complex models without sacrificing perfomance user friendly interface save and restore program runs change model parameters on the fly data visualization field display with multiple agent shapes and color statistics window agent viewer routine browser and highlight agents tool Pyro 0 Web site http pyrorobotics org Pyro is a library environment graphical user interface and low level drivers to explore Al and robotics using the Python language It works with many real robotics platforms and simulators Extensive algorithms including behavior based vision motion tracking blobs etc learning back propagation self organizing maps etc evolutionary and more Quackle Web site http www quackle org 0 Alt Web site http
102. rmulas etc All of these can be freely mixed and embedded into each other The grapher has been designed both to be stand alone and to be used as an add on for linguistic applications which display their output in a graphical manner Corewar VM DAI 0 Web site http www jedi claranet fr This is a virtual machine written in Java so it is a virtual machine for another virtual machine for a Corewar game 8 Missing amp Dead 64 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http starship python net crew gandalf DNET AI A library for the Python programming language that provides an object oriented interface to the CLIPS expert system tool It includes an interface to COOL CLIPS Object Oriented Language that allows Investigate COOL classes Create and manipulate with COOL instances 0 Manipulate with COOL message handler s Manipulate with Modules DHARMI Dunce Web site http megazone bigpanda com wolf DHARMI DHARMI is a high level spatial tinker toy like language who s components are transparently administered by a background process called the Habitat As the name suggests the language was designed to make modelling prototypes and handle living data Programs can be modified while running This is accomplished by blurring the distinction between source code program and data Web site http www boswa com boswabits Dunce is a simple chatterbot conversational AD and a language for programming such chatt
103. rnet and provides you what you want Features include 0 Searching enhancement including parallel search searching keywords refinement using our relevant keywords extraction technology relevant feedback etc 0 Browsing assistant including learning your current interesting recommending you new URLs according to your profile and selected resources monitoring bookmarks of Netscape or TE sending the current browsing page to your friends etc 0 Offline browsing including downloading the following pages from the current page for offline browsing Filtering HTTP header including recording http header and all the transactions between your browser and WWW servers etc 0 Checking the HTML page to find the errors or dead links etc Programming in Java independent of operating system runing in multi thread 6 2 Robotics and Simulators From fun battling robot games to full robot control systems The idea is physical agents in the real world or at least their control programming BattleBots 0 Web site www bluefire nu battlebots AI programming game where you design the bot by selecting hardware and programming its CPU then competing with other bots Competitions can have teams and special rules for a game The hardware for use in your bot includes weapons engine scanners CPU etc The programming lauguage is dependent on the CPU type and is similar to an assembly language Cadaver 0 Web site www erikyyy de cadaver Cad
104. roduction Mutation Operations 0 Web site https launchpad net evolver A Python library for creating and working with genetic algorithms and genetic evolved programs Allows one to do Python based evolutionary programming string based as well as source code tree node optimization search solution discovery FORTRAN GA 0 Web site cuaerospace com carroll ga html This program is a FORTRAN version of a genetic algorithm driver This code initializes a random sample of individuals with different parameters to be optimized using the genetic algorithm approach 1 e evolution via survival of the fittest The selection scheme used is tournament selection with a shuffling technique for choosing random pairs for mating The routine includes binary coding for the individuals jump mutation creep mutation and the option for single point or uniform crossover Niching sharing and an option for the number of children per pair of parents has been added More recently an option for the use of a micro GA has been added FREVO 0 Web site http frevo sourceforge net FREVO is an open source framework developed in Java to help engineers and scientists in evolutionary design or optimization tasks The major feature of FREVO is the componentwise decomposition and separation of the key building blocks for each optimization tasks We identify these as the problem definition solution representation and the optimization method This structure enables th
105. rpreter with the full expressive power of C The graphical user interface is built with the Interviews toolkit and allows full access to the data structures and processing modules out of which the simulator is built We have constructed several useful graphical modules for easy interaction with the structure and the contents 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications 24 RNS GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO of neural networks and we ve made it possible to change and adapt many things At the programming level we have set things up in such a way as to make user extensions as painless as possible The programmer creates new C objects which might be new kinds of units or new kinds of processes once compiled and linked into the simulator these new objects can then be accessed and used like any other Web site www cs cmu edu afs cs project ai repository ai areas neural systems rns RNS Recurrent Network Simulator is a simulator for recurrent neural networks Regular neural networks are also supported The program uses a derivative of the back propagation algorithm but also includes other not that well tested algorithms Features include freely choosable connections no restrictions besides memory or CPU constraints delayed links for recurrent networks fixed values or thresholds can be specified for weights recurrent back propagation Hebb differential Hebb simulated annealing and more patterns can be specified wi
106. s Torch5 Web site http torch5 sourceforge net Torch5 provides a matlab like environment for state of the art machine learning algorithms It is easy to use and provides a very efficient implementation thanks to a easy and fast scripting language Lua and a underlying C implementation It is distributed under a BSD license This is the successor to the Torch3 project Vowpal Wabbit 0 Web site http hunch net vw Vowpal Wabbit is a fast online learning algorithm It features flexible input data specification 0 speedy learning scalability bounded memory footprint suitable for distributed computation feature pairing The core algorithm is specialist gradient descent GD on a loss function several are available The code should be easily usable 8 Missing amp Dead This is my area for old or bad entries The MIA section is for entires for which I no longer have a valid home page If you have any information regarding where I can find these now please let me know The Dead section is for projects that seem dead Moving them here allows me to keep my the main sections clean while 7 2 Applications 63 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO allowing for interested parties to correct me in which case I can just move it back 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage AntWars CASE Web site http ant wars net Ant Wars is a competition which pits clever programs against each other to do battle and compete for food in
107. s a symbolic programming language that is designed for writing mobile distributed and agent based systems especially in an Internet environment It has advanced features such as a macro sub language asynchronous message sending and receiving code mobility pattern matching higher order functions and strong typing The language is compiled to byte code which is then interpreted by the APRIL runtime engine APRIL now requires the InterAgent Communications Model ICM to be installed before it can be installed Ed ICM can be found at the same web site Web site http wwwagss informatik uni kl de Projekte Ara index_e html Ara is a platform for the portable and secure execution of mobile agents in heterogeneous networks Mobile agents in this sense are programs with the ability to change their host machine during execution while preserving their internal state This enables them to handle interactions locally which otherwise had to be performed remotely Ara s specific aim in comparison to similar platforms is to provide full mobile agent functionality while retaining as much as possible of established programming models and languages Bee gent Bond Web site http www toshiba co jp rdc beegent download download htm FAQ http www toshiba co jp rdc beegent faq fag htm Bee gent is a new type of development framework in that it is a 100 pure agent system As opposed to other systems which make only some use of agents Bee gent co
108. s taken to make the methods implemented also very efficient 0 Web site http code google com p pebl project Pebl is a python library and command line application for learning the structure of a Bayesian network given prior knowledge and observations Pebl includes the following features 0 Can learn with observational and interventional data Handles missing values and hidden variables using exact and heuristic methods 0 Provides several learning algorithms makes creating new ones simple Has facilities for transparent parallel execution using several cluster grid resources 0 Calculates edge marginals and consensus networks Presents results in a variety of formats PyBrain MBT 0 Web site http pybrain org PyBrain is a modular Machine Learning Library for Python It s goal is to offer flexible easy to use yet still powerful algorithms for Machine Learning Tasks and a variety of predefined environments to test and compare your algorithms PyBrain contains algorithms for neural networks for reinforcement learning and the combination of the two for unsupervised learning and evolution Since most of the current problems deal with continuous state and action spaces function approximators like neural networks must be used to cope with the large dimensionality Our library is built around neural networks in the kernel and all of the training methods accept a neural network as the to be trained instance This makes PyBrai
109. s you play with them using the genetic algorithm Creatures Docking Station 0 Linux info http www creaturesdockingstation com This is a free version of the Creatures3 ALife game It has fewer species and a small space station world but can connect to other worlds over the internet and if you have the windows version of the game can connect to your C3 world The game itself revolves around breeding and training the alife creatures Norns Its strikes a pretty nice balance between fun and science or so I m told summary written by Steve Grand included below 5 2 Alife 8 CS software kits applications etc 38 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO The eponymous creatures in this computer game are called Norns and the world s population of them at one stage hovered around the five million mark making them more common than many familiar natural species Each norn is composed of thousands of tiny simulated biological components such as neurons biochemicals chemoreceptors chemoemitters and genes The norns genes dictate how these components are assembled to make complete organisms and the creatures behaviour then emerges from the interactions of those parts rather than being explicitly programmed in The norns are capable of learning about their environment either by being shown things by their owners or through learning by their own mistakes They must learn for themselves how to find food and how to interact with the many ob
110. scale environments and cognitive processes 5 2 Alife 8 CS software kits applications etc 41 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO It features a number of autonomous simulation components including a landscape simulation biological simulation weather simulation sentient creature Noble Ape simulation and a simple intelligent agent scripting language ApeScript The code is currently 2007 used by Apple Inc and by INTEL for processor optimization and performance tuning Apple includes it with their CHUD performance and debugging developer tool set Polyworld 0 Web site http sourceforge net projects polyworld PolyWorld is a computational ecology that I developed to explore issues in Artificial Life Simulated organisms reproduce sexually fight and kill and eat each other eat the food that grows throughout the world and either develop successful strategies for survival or die An organism s entire behavioral suite move turn attack eat mate light is controlled by its neural network brain Each brain s architecture 1t s neural wiring diagram is determined from its genetic code in terms of number size and composition of neural clusters excitatory and inhibitory neurons and the types of connections between those clusters connection density and topological mapping Synaptic efficacy is modulated via Hebbian learning so in principle the organisms have the ability to learn during the course of their lifetimes The organisms
111. search Group is the design and construction of a natural language using computerized cognitive agent and carrying out the research in artificial intelligence computational linguistics and cognitive science necessary for that endeavor The three part focus of the group is on knowledge representation reasoning and natural language understanding and generation The group is widely known for its development of the SNePS knowledge representation reasoning system and Cassie its computerized cognitive agent Web site sitemaker umich edu soar Soar has been developed to be a general cognitive architecture We intend ultimately to enable the Soar architecture to work on the full range of tasks expected of an intelligent agent from highly routine to extremely difficult open ended problems represent and use appropriate forms of knowledge such as procedural declarative episodic and possibly iconic employ the full range of problem solving methods interact with the outside world and learn about all aspects of the tasks and its performance on them 2 2 Al software kits applications etc 16 TCM Yale WEKA GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO In other words our intention is for Soar to support all the capabilities required of a general intelligent agent Web site http wwwhome cs utwente nl tem TCM Toolkit for Conceptual Modeling is our suite of graphical editors TCM contains graphical editors for Entity Relati
112. ser much as an assistant would 2APL 6 Agents amp Robotics 43 3APL Agent GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http apapl sourceforge net 2APL pronounced as double a p l is an agent oriented programming language that facilitates the implementation of multi agent systems At the multi agent level it provides programming constructs to specify a multi agent system in terms of a set of individual agents a set of environments in which they can perform actions and the access relation between the individual agents and the environments At the individual agent level it provides programming constructs to implement cognitive agents based on the BDI architecture Web site http www cs uu nl 3apl 0 Wikipedia entry http en wikipedia org wiki 3 APL Mobile version http www cs uu nl 3apl m 3APL is a programming language for implementing cognitive agents It provides programming constructs for implementing agents beliefs goals basic capabilities such as belief updates external actions or communication actions and a set of practical reasoning rules through which agents goals can be updated or revised The 3APL programs are executed on the 3APL platform Each 3APL program is executed by means of an interpreter that deliberates on the cognitive attitudes of that agent FTP site http www cpan org modules by category 23 Miscellaneous Modules Agent The Agent is a prototype for an Information Agent system I
113. stand a broad range of issues in theoretical behavioral and evolutionary biology The LEE tool described here consists of approximately 7 000 lines of C code and runs in both Unix and Macintosh platforms MATREM 0 Web site http www romansland nl matrem Matrem is a computer program that simulates life It belongs to the emerging science of artificial life which studies evolution and complex systems in general by simulation Matrem is also a game where players compete to create the fittest life form Their efforts are the driving force behind the program Nanopond Web site http adam ierymenko name nanopond shtml Nanopond is a corewar style evolvable instruction set based virtual machine written in C It is similar in design to Tierra and Avida but considerably smaller and simpler Version 1 0 weights in at only 840 lines of C code the majority of which are comments It is very highly optimized and supports simple color visualization using the SDL Simple Directmedia Layer library More information can be learned by reading the Nanopond source code which is very well commented Noble Ape 0 Web site www nobleape com sim The Noble Ape Simulation has been developed as the Nervana Simulation since 1996 The aim of the simulation is to create a detailed biological environment and a cognitive simulation The Simulation is intended as a palette for open source development It provides a stable means of simulating large
114. t is both platform and language independent as it stores contained information in simple packed strings It can be packed and shipped across any network with any format as it freezes itself in its current state agentTool 0 Web site http agenttool cis ksu edu agentTool is a Eclipse based graphical development environment to help users analyze design and implement multiagent systems It is designed to support the highly tailorable Organization based Multiagent Systems Engineering O MaSE methodology agentTool currently supports all O MaSE models including the Goal Model Agent Model Role Model Organization Model Protocol Model Plan Model Capability Action Model Domain Model and Policy Model Aglets Workbench AJA Web site http www trl ibm com aglets index_e htm An aglet is a Java object that can move from one host on the Internet to another That is an aglet that executes on one host can suddenly halt execution dispatch to a remote host and resume execution there When the aglet moves it takes along its program code as well as its state data A built in security mechanism makes it safe for a computer to host untrusted aglets The Java Aglet API J AAPD is a proposed public standard for interfacing aglets and their environment J AAPI contains methods for initializing an aglet message handling and dispatching retracting deactivating activating cloning and disposing of the aglet J AAPI is simple flexible and
115. ten in Python and is easy to learn and use highly flexible and easily extensible Features include a system for specifying quantities with physical dimensions exact numerical integration for linear differential equations 0 Euler Runge Kutta and exponential Euler integration for nonlinear differential equations synaptic connections with delays short term and long term plasticity spike timing dependent plasticity a library of standard model components including integrate and fire equations synapses and ionic currents 0 a toolbox for automatically fitting spiking neuron models to electrophysiological recordings Web site http www isiweb ee ethz ch haenggi CNNsim html Newer Version http www isiweb ee ethz ch haenggi CNNsim_adv_manual html 3 1 Connectionist class code libraries 18 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Old Page http www ce unipr it research pardis CNN cnn html Cellular Neural Networks CNN is a massive parallel computing paradigm defined in discrete N dimensional spaces A visualizing CNN Simulator which allows to track the way in which the state trajectories evolve thus gaining an insight into the behavior of CNN dynamics This may be useful for forming an idea how a CNN works especially for those people who are not experienced in CNN theory CONICAL Encog FANN ffnet Joone Web site strout net conical CONICAL is a C class library for building simulations common in computation
116. tensions allow the development of large grammars which can be processed efficiently and can be maintained and understood more easily SURGE is a large syntactic realization grammar of English written in FUF SURGE is developed to serve as a black box syntactic generation component in a larger generation system that encapsulates a rich knowledge of English syntax SURGE can also be used as a platform for exploration of grammar writing with a generation perspective GATE 0 Web site http gate ac uk 0 Alt site http sourceforge net projects gate GATE General Architecture for Text Engineering is an architecture framework and development environment for developing evaluating and embedding Human Language Technology GATE is made up of three elements 0 An architecture describing how language processing systems are made up of components 0 A framework or class library or SDK written in Java and tested on Linux Windoze and Solaris 0 A graphical development environment built on the framework The Grammar Workbench 0 Web site 22 www cs kun nl agfl Seems to be obsolete Its gone from the site though its parent project is still ongoing The Grammar Workbench or GWB for short is an environment for the comfortable development of Affix Grammars in the AGFL formalism Its purposes are to allow the user to input inspect and modify a grammar 0 to perform consistency checks on the grammar 2 2 Al software kits applications etc
117. th bits floats characters numbers and random bit patterns with Hamming distances can be chosen for you user definable error functions output results can be used without modification as input Semantic Networks in Python SNNS 0 Web site strout net info coding python ai index html The semnet py module defines several simple classes for building and using semantic networks A semantic network is a way of representing knowledge and it enables the program to do simple reasoning with very little effort on the part of the programmer The following classes are defined Entity This class represents a noun it is something which can be related to other things and about which you can store facts Relation A Relation is a type of relationship which may exist between two entities One special relation S_A is predefined because it has special meaning a sort of logical inheritance Fact A Fact is an assertion that a relationship exists between two entities With these three object types you can very quickly define knowledge about a set of objects and query them for logical conclusions 0 Web site http www ra informatik uni tuebingen de SNNS Stuttgart Neural Net Simulator version 4 1 An awesome neural net simulator Better than any commercial simulator I ve seen The simulator kernel is written in C it s fast It supports over 20 different network architectures has 2D and 3D X based graphical representations
118. th just minimal programming effort Also you may distribute all these searches over a network using the client server the peer to peer or even a client server peer to peer hybrid distribution scheme You also can construct heterogeneous search algorithms where GA cooperates with Hill Climbing without changing any code 4 1 EC class code libraries 27 Ease EO GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site www sprave com Ease Ease html Ease Evolutionary Algorithms Scripting Evironment is an extension to the Tcl scripting language providing commands to create modify and evaluate populations of individuals represented by real number vectors and or bit strings 0 Web site eodev sourceforge net EO is a templates based ANSI C compliant evolutionary computation library It contains classes for any kind of evolutionary computation specially genetic algorithms you might come up to It is component based so that if you don t find the class you need in it it is very easy to subclass existing abstract or concrete class Evocosm evolver 0 Web site http www coyotegulch com products libevocosm Evocosm is a set of classes that abstract the fundamental components of an evolutionary algorithm See the site for details but here is a simple list of the provided classes Random Numbers OpenMP Floating Point Chromosomes Roulettte Wheels Organisms Fitness Landscapes Evocosms Fitness Scaling Migration Selecting Survivors Rep
119. the Neural Engineering Framework NEF to solve for the appropriate synaptic connection weights to achieve this desired computation Nengo also supports various kinds of learning Nengo helps make detailed spiking neuron models that implement complex high level cognitive algorithms 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications 23 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Among other things Nengo has been used to implement motor control visual attention serial recall action selection working memory attractor networks inductive reasoning path integration and planning with problem solving The Spaun http models nengo ca spaun neural simulator is implemented in Nengo and its source is available as well Neural Network Generator FTP site ftp idsia ch pub rafal The Neural Network Generator is a genetic algorithm for the topological optimization of feedforward neural networks It implements the Semantic Changing Genetic Algorithm and the Unit Cluster Model The Semantic Changing Genetic Algorithm is an extended genetic algorithm that allows fast dynamic adaptation of the genetic coding through population analysis The Unit Cluster Model is an approach to the construction of modular feedforward networks with a backbone structure NOTE To compile this on Linux requires one change in the Makefiles You will need to change Itermlib to Itermcap NEURON Web site www neuron yale edu NEURON is an extensible nerve modeling and si
120. the Tierra program that is to say it is a population of self reproducing strings with a Turing complete genetic basis subjected to Poisson random mutations The population adapts to the combination of an intrinsic fitness landscape self reproduction and an externally imposed extrinsic fitness function provided by the researcher By studying this system one can examine evolutionary adaptation general traits of living systems such as self organization and other issues pertaining to theoretical or evolutionary biology and dynamic systems Biogenesis breve BugsX Web site http biogenesis sourceforge net Biogenesis is an artificial life program that simulates the processes involved in the evolution of organisms It shows colored segment based organisms that mutate and evolve in a 2D environment Biogenesis is based on Primordial Life Web site www spiderland org breve Breve is a free software package which makes it easy to build 3D simulations of decentralized systems and artificial life Users define the behaviors of agents in a 3D world and observe how they interact Breve includes physical simulation and collision detection so you can simulate realistic creatures and an OpenGL display engine so you can visualize your simulated worlds FTP site https github com porridge bugsx Display and evolve biomorphs It is a program which draws the biomorphs based on parametric plots of Fourier sine and cosine series and let
121. the ones showing better performance have a higher probability of surviving and breeding to the next macro generation i e spawning new daughter GAs with characteristics inherited from the parental GA or GAs In this way we try to encourage good problem solving strategies to spread to the whole population of GAs Web site http deap googlecode com DEAP is intended to be an easy to use distributed evolutionary algorithm library in the Python language Its two main components are modular and can be used separately The first module is a Distributed Task Manager DTM which is intended to run on cluster of computers using TCP or a MPI connection The second part is the Evolutionary Algorithms in Python EAP framework EAP is the evolutionary core of DEAP it provides data structures methods and tools to design any kind of evolutionary algorithm It works in perfect harmony with DTM allowing easy parallelization of any demanding evolutionary task 0 Web site dgpf sourceforge net The Distributed Genetic Programming Framework DGPF is a scalable Java environment for heuristic simulation based search algorithms of any kind and Genetic Algorithms in special We use the broad foundation of a search algorithms layer to provide a Genetic Programming system which is able to create Turing complete code It s under the LGPL license It allows you to use heuristic searches like GA and randomized Hill Climbing for any problem space you like to wi
122. thon functions are attached to backward chaining rules Unlike other approaches to code reuse e g Zope adapters and generic functions this allows the inference engine to ensure that all of the function s requirements are completely satisfied by examining the entire call graph down to the leaves before any of the functions are executed This is an optional feature You don t need to use it if you just want the inferencing capability by itself python dlp Web site http code google com p python dlp 2 1 Al class code libraries 10 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO python dlp aims to be a contemporary expert system based on the Semantic Web technologies Traditionally expert systems are an application of computing and artificial intelligence with the aim of supporting software that attempts to reproduce the deterministic behavior of one or more human experts in a specific problem domain It utilizes the efficient RETE_UL algorithm as the engine for the expert system Reverend 0 Web site http sourceforge net projects reverend Reverned is a general purpose Bayesian classifier written in Python It is designed to be easily extended to any application domain Screamer Latest version is part of CLOCC clocc sourceforge net Screamer is an extension of Common Lisp that adds support for nondeterministic programming Screamer consists of two levels The basic nondeterministic level adds support for backtracking and un
123. ti agent system MAS combines concepts from distributed computing and artificial intelligence Agents are autonomously reasoning software entities that can collaborate 6 1 Software Agents 52 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO or compete in order to achieve a common goal By cooperating they create emergent behaviour in the system distributed artificial intelligence The architecture of a MAS is specified in the FIPA standard Spyse provides multiple means for reasoning BDI logics CLIPS expert shell etc and communicating locally and remotely Each agent has its own thread of control Agents within and among instances of the platform communicate by exchanging messages based on ontologies Spyse makes use of the Web Ontology Language OWL defined for the Semantic Web TKQML 0 Web site www csee umbc edu tkqml TKQML is a KQML application addition to Tcl Tk which allows Tcl based systems to communicate easily with a powerful agent communication language The Tocoma Project 0 Web site www tacoma cs uit no An agent is a process that may migrate through a computer network in order to satisfy requests made by clients Agents are an attractive way to describe network wide computations The TACOMA project focuses on operating system support for agents and how agents can be used to solve problems traditionally addressed by operating systems We have implemented a series of prototype systems to support agents TACOMA Version 1 2 is
124. ticular research interest more than as an easy to use commercial package ASA Adaptive Simulated Annealing 0 Web site http www ingber com ASA CODE ASA Adaptive Simulated Annealing is a powerful global optimization C code algorithm especially useful for nonlinear and or stochastic systems ASA is developed to statistically find the best global fit of a nonlinear non convex cost function over a D dimensional space This algorithm permits an annealing schedule for temperature T decreasing exponentially in annealing time k T T_0 exp c k 1 D The introduction of re annealing also permits adaptation to changing sensitivities in the multi dimensional parameter space This annealing schedule is faster than fast Cauchy annealing where T T_0 k and much faster than Boltzmann annealing where T T_O In k Babylon 0 Archive http www cs cmu edu afs cs project ai repository ai areas expert systems babylon BABYLON is a modular configurable hybrid environment for developing expert systems Its features include objects rules with forward and backward chaining logic Prolog and constraints BABYLON is implemented and embedded in Common Lisp cfengine 0 Web site www iu hio no cfengine Cfengine or the configuration engine is a very high level language for building expert systems which administrate and configure large computer networks Cfengine uses the idea of classes and a primitive form of intelligence to define and automate th
125. tire simulation on all player machines and just hides part of the game state from the players By tampering with the client software it is possible to reveal the entire game state and thereby gain an unfair advantage We feel that this is unacceptable for playing games on the 6 1 Software Agents 50 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO internet We therefore started the ORTS project to create a free software system that lets people and machines play fair RTS games The communication protocol is public and all source code and artwork is freely available Users can connect whatever client software they like This is made possible by a server client architecture in which only the currently visible parts of the game state are sent to the players This openness leads to new and interesting possibilities ranging from on line tournaments of autonomous AI players to gauge their playing strength to hybrid systems in which human players use sophisticated GUIs which allow them to delegate tasks to AI helper modules of increasing performance Penguin FTP site http www cpan org modules by category 23 Miscellaneous Modules Penguin FSG Penguin is a Perl 5 module It provides you with a set of functions which allow you to send encrypted digitally signed Perl code to a remote machine to be executed receive code and depending on who signed it execute it in an arbitrarily secure limited compartment The combination of these functions enable direct Pe
126. to quickly construct basic networks modify the input output patterns automatically generate the basic programs required to train and test the network and easily utilize several data processing and network analysis tools In addition to the basic preset network train and test programs the high level drag and drop programming interface built on top of a scripting language that has full introspective access to all aspects of networks and the software itself allows one to write programs that seamlessly weave together the training of a network and evolution of its environment without ever typing out a line of code Networks and all of their state variables are 3 2 Connectionist software kits applications 22 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO visually inspected in 3D allowing for a quick visual regression of network dynamics and robot behavior GENESIS Web site http genesis sim org GENESIS short for GEneral NEural SImulation System is a general purpose simulation platform which was developed to support the simulation of neural systems ranging from complex models of single neurons to simulations of large networks made up of more abstract neuronal components GENESIS has provided the basis for laboratory courses in neural simulation at both Caltech and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole MA as well as several other institutions Most current GENESIS applications involve realistic simulations of biological neural systems Althou
127. ts based upon a general purpose defeasible reasoner OSCAR is written in Common Lisp and is free for educational and research purposes 8 1 MIA Projects missing linkage 67 PAI pygene PyIE GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Web site http utenti quipo it claudioscordino pai html Al Programmable Artificial Intelligence is a program capable of having a conversation in its mother tongue English Written in C Web site http www freenet org nz python pygene pygene is a simple and easily understandable library for genetic algorithms and genetic programming in python Includes examples such as the travelling salesman problem repo https www dfwpython org repo Projects PyIE PyIE is a hypothesis based agenda driven object oriented inference engine written in Python Inferencing modes include back chaining opportunistic forward chaining and explicit forward chaining The first class object base supports metaclasses classes objects and multiple dynamic inheritance All objects are first class objects and all attributes are slot values i e data members attached to some object PyIE uses a TMS truth maintenance system for first level condition change non monotonic reasoning User defined metaclasses are being explored to support second level belief change non monotonic reasoning Simple Neural Net in Python 0 Web site http www amk ca python unmaintained Simple neural network code which implements a c
128. ut getting machines to learn to do something rather than explicitly programming to do it Tends to deal with pattern matching a lot and are heavily math and statistically based Technically Connectionism falls under this category but it is such a large sub field I m keeping it in a separate section 7 1 Libraries Libraries or frameworks used for writing machine learning systems CognitiveFoundry 7 Statistical amp Machine Learning 59 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO 0 Web site http foundry sandia gov The Cognitive Foundry is a modular Java software library for the research and development of cognitive systems It contains many reusable components for machine learning statistics and cognitive modeling It is primarily designed to be easy to plug into applications to provide adaptive behaviors CompLearn Elefant 0 Web site http complearn org CompLearn is a software system built to support compression based learning in a wide variety of applications It provides this support in the form of a library written in highly portable ANSI C that runs in most modern computer environments with minimal confusion It also supplies a small suite of simple composable command line utilities as simple applications that use this library Together with other commonly used machine learning tools such as LibSVM and GraphViz CompLearn forms an attractive offering in machine learning frameworks and toolkits Web site http elefant develo
129. ven function and terminal set gpjpp Genetic Programming in Java jaga JGAP lil gp The code can be found in the tarball linked from GP and Othello Java code and READMEs on this page http www1 cs columbia edu evs ml hw4 html gpjpp is a Java package I wrote for doing research in genetic programming It is a port of the gpc kernel written by Adam Fraser and Thomas Weinbrenner Included in the package are four of Koza s standard examples the artificial ant the hopping lawnmower symbolic regression and the boolean multiplexer Here is a partial list of its features graphic output of expression trees efficient diversity checking Koza s greedy over selection option for large populations 0 extensible GPRun class that encapsulates most details of a genetic programming test more robust and efficient streaming code with automatic checkpoint and restart built into the GPRun class 0 an explicit complexity limit that can be set on each GP 0 additional configuration variables to allow more testing without recompilation support for automatically defined functions ADFs 0 tournament and fitness proportionate selection demetic grouping 0 optional steady state population subtree crossover swap and shrink mutation Web site cs felk cvut cz koutnij studium jaga jaga html Simple genetic algorithm package written in Java Web site http jgap sourceforge net JGAP pronounced jay gap is a Gen
130. ver on LPARSE output format as a SAT solver on simplified DIMACS CNF format or as a PB solver on OPB format ConceptNet Web site http conceptnet media mit edu Old Web site http web media mit edu hugo conceptnet ConceptNet aims to give computers access to common sense knowledge the kind of information that ordinary people know but usually leave unstated The data in ConceptNet was collected from ordinary people who contributed it over the Web ConceptNet represents this data in the form of a semantic network and makes it available to be used in natural language processing and intelligent user interfaces This API provides Python code with access to both ConceptNet 3 and the development database that will become ConceptNet 4 and the natural language tools necessary to work with it It uses Django for interacting with the database 2 1 Al class code libraries 6 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO ERESYE FFLL FLiP Web site http sourceforge net projects eresye Tutorial http www trapexit org Artificial Intelligence with Erlang the Domain of Relatives ERESYE means ERlang Expert SYstem Engine It is a library to write expert systems and rule processing engines using the Erlang programming language It allows to create multiple engines each one with its own facts and rules to be processed Web site fflLsourceforge net The Free Fuzzy Logic Library FFLL is an open source fuzzy logic class lib
131. virtual worlds Each contestant is a species of ant which can visualize only the world immediately around him and pheromones left by fellow and enemy ants Using this information the ant brain a simple state machine must guide the ant towards collecting food at his home ant hill while fending off or attacking enemies Clever use of pheromones and subtle behaviors can create large scale tactics such as raiding defense harvesting and scouting when many ants cooperate 0 Web site http www iu hio no cell FTP site ftp ftp iu hio no pub CASE Cellular Automaton Simulation Environment is a C toolkit for visualizing discrete models in two dimensions so called cellular automata The aim of this project is to create an integrated framework for creating generalized cellular automata using the best standardized technology of the day CLEARS CLIG Web site 2 The CLEARS system is an interactive graphical environment for computational semantics The tool allows exploration and comparison of different semantic formalisms and their interaction with syntax This enables the user to get an idea of the range of possibilities of semantic construction and also where there is real convergence between theories 0 Web site http www ags uni sb de konrad clig html CLIG is an interactive extendible grapher for visualizing linguistic data structures like trees feature structures Discourse Representation Structures DRS logical fo
132. ward chaining to derive what logically follows from the facts and rules asserted in the knowledge base While PowerLoom is not a description logic it does have a description classifier which uses technology derived from the Loom classifier to classify descriptions expressed in full first order predicate calculus see paper PowerLoom uses modules as a structuring device for knowledge bases and ultra lightweight worlds to support hypothetical reasoning To implement PowerLoom we developed a new programming language called STELLA which is a Strongly Typed Lisp like LAnguage that can be translated into Lisp C and Java PowerLoom is written in STELLA and therefore available in Common Lisp C and Java versions PyCLIPS Pyke Web site http pyclips sourceforge net web PyCLIPS is an extension module for the Python language that embeds full CLIPS functionality in Python applications This means that you can provide Python with a strong reliable widely used and well documented inference engine Web site http pyke sourceforge net Pyke is a knowledge based inference engine expert system written in 100 python that can 0 Do both forward chaining data driven and backward chaining goal directed inferencing Pyke may be embedded into any python program Automatically generate python programs by assembling individual python functions into complete call graphs This is done through a unique design where the individual py
133. web mit edu jasonkb www quackle 0 Alt Web site http sourceforge net projects quackle 6 1 Software Agents 51 Recast GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Quackle is a world class crossword game artificial intelligence and analysis tool It includes a move generator simulator and Qt based user interface and can be used with any board layout alphabet lexicon and tile distribution Web site http code google com p recastnavigation Recast is state of the art navigation mesh construction toolset for games 0 It is automatic which means that you can throw any level geometry at it and you will get robust mesh out It is fast which means swift turnaround times for level designers It is open source so it comes with full source and you can customize it to your hearts content The Library is free for commercial use and open source under the ZLib License Recast is accompanied with Detour path finding and spatial reasoning toolkit You can use any navigation mesh with Detour but of course the data generated with Recast fits perfectly Detour offers simple static navigation mesh which is suitable for many simple cases as well as tiled navigation mesh which allows you to plug in and out pieces of the mesh The tiled mesh allows to create systems where you stream new navigation data in and out as the player progresses the level or you may regenerate tiles as the world changes Remembrance Agents Web site www remem org Remembrance Age
134. wiki Swarm main page FTP site ftp swarm org pub swarm The swarm Alife simulation kit Swarm is a simulation environment which facilitates development and experimentation with simulations involving a large number of agents behaving and interacting within a dynamic environment It consists of a collection of classes and libraries written in Objective C and allows great flexibility in creating simulations and analyzing their results It comes with three demos and good documentation 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc These are various applications software kits etc meant for research in the field of artificial life Their ease of use will vary as they were designed to meet some particular research interest more than as an easy to use commercial package 5 2 Alife amp CS software kits applications etc 37 GNU Linux Al amp Alife HOWTO Achilles Avida Web site http achilles sourceforge net Achilles is an evolution simulation based on Larry Yaeger s PolyWorld It uses Hebbian neural networks and an extremely simplified physical model that allows virtual organisms to interact freely in a simulated environment Web site http avida devosoft org Web site http sourceforge net projects avida The computer program Avida is an auto adaptive genetic system designed primarily for use as a platform in Artificial Life research The Avida system is based on concepts similar to those employed by

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