1802 Membership Card Manual
Contents
1. dev gspl bmp ul ADDRESS LATCH U2 see TABLE 1 CDP1802ACE n MICROPROCESSOR vDDOo 1 2K 32K RAM or EPROM So A 270256 32K EPROM shown CLE XTAL b22 AO 2 D1 V Q1 5 AS it Al 7 55 D o2 6 A9 AO 10 ao po Lii DO mao L25 A0 wA2 17 p PSE AE A10 ANAI icr pi Li2 D1 Mar 25nAI one 13 D3 oa 12 All A2 BI 2I 33 De Po 4 Maz L27 A2 xA4 8 D3 33 9 A12 ANAS 3 ps Li5 D3 DI 1 zI COE mas 28 AS A5 3155 o C2 Als Kas eae paLi6 D4 D2 1 8MHz R1 MA4 29 AA4 WA6 18 D7 Q7 19 A14 NAS 5 AS DS 17 D5 D3 1 P 1Meg MAS 30 AS A 14 D5 oS 15 A15 MAe6 a AG D6 18 D6 D4 i BOURNS Mas L31 A6 10 Ges INaz 345 py 19 D7 DS 1 3266W Ma7 32 A7 i 1d c A11 AS 25 ag DS 11 A13 ANAJ 24 0 DZ Tr c6 34 A10 O 1luF CLOCK FREQ ITA Z3 x T 50 1800 KHz A13 VDD puso 1 20 Al4 p vop BUS1 H E vpp 29 BUS2 CE M 12 BUS3 12 D3 VPP 3 Busa L D44 OE vss jaa MEM 9 p 13 10 DS jur o BUSS 9 DEA NUS d eed Pose e D7 f fag alii poy U2 U2 MEMORY TYPE JUMPERS INA 9 A1 D1 12 Di us 13 gH 399 DMA IN RZ Sl a2 n2 Hii D2 EX 4013 R A15 wA4 TAs ps Li5 DA u8 10 6 sco A15 AO 6 AA DA 16 DA U2 N AS 5 17 DS v 5 91 INA 4 5 2 P5 18 pe scl FJN3301 A6 D6 l NAT 3 19 D7 R3 D9 7 AS 55 A7 D7 100K 1N4148 MRD P35 9 MRD Naos gt 23 AaS us MWR MWR A9 CY7C199 4 7K AlO 21 A10 32K RAM o RS YOR 4 gt Alt 23 411 under U2 od c procede Nars 26 A12 VpD T2. B For INVERTED data used by TTL serial to USB adapters where idle is a HIGH voltage Q2 NPN transistor FJN3307RTA black with 3 leads marked R3307 R15 Do not install R15 Q3 Install PNP transistor FJN4303RTA marked R4303 in the Q3I position C8 4 7uF blue marked 475 Yes it really is 47 times more capacitance than C7 Amazing isn t it For RS 232 serial output levels v v install C8 ForTTL serial output levels 0v 5v install a piece of wire in place of C8 D8 is a 2 color LED It is red when the 1802 s Q output is high and green when the 1802 s EF3 input pin is high Since Q and EF3 are used for serial I O this LED is off when idle and blinks red or green when data is sent or received If nothing is connected to the serial input the LED is green if configured for NORMAL serial input think of it as a power on indicator If configured for INVERTED serial input D8 will be off A If you don t have a Cover Card use the bare Front Panel board as a template to drill the Altoids tin C or your own plastic or metal panel I use the bottom of the Altoids tin as my front panel Drill small 1 32 holes for the switches LEDs D connector J2 and power connector P4 Then remove the PC board and enlarge the holes to the final size Use a step drill bit which won t tear the thin metal This is a long drill bit with a single cutting edge and steps in it to drill a dozen
3. COB2 o2 OF 4 2A 2X D5 14 15 7 7 Q6 6 ee be 22 eles i c Q3 11 9 Q7 Q3 D7 isi bs 93 32 S 2 9 t I oe oe ov Ig Da Q4 91 hi 3B _ 1 IN If used D D6 DS D4 D3 D2 D1 DO A B ld oc vpo 29 vnpo l vpp as ac Fe ETE Se EP TOS UOCE Cu Cu uuu Bee s Parallel VDD NM E E M4 Ma My X R11 Port U7 ETE a u a u Ry Y 1K a aa 74HC374 10 PA D Data OUTPUT LATCH 9 POWER GBASE Bre 3 5V S Status MEMORY ADDRESSING T BASE 4 1 jumpers under R7 6 VDD c Control default 5 if BASE 2 U2 to LO O 32K 4 l a name direction bit US to HI 32 64K 3 2 4 cut amp jumper MEMORY PROTECTL 2 i 3 g x NIE US to LO 0 32K VOD j s8 PER Jala o0 13 J SELI gt S4 o4 U2 to HI 32 64K 0711 READ r Q 25 gt o0 T xP 12 ae PE gt 55 O5 WE 2 4h sr RUN GND 919 H 9 Bose 57 eu UP RED GREEN Is 0 gt o2 o MWRO o DERTIG a oi 3 E B Qo n 57 zD7 IN7 Q4 EBC GND GND DN OT pe n6 ING ic lt RXD 7 US VDDO NF o DS lt D5 INS 74HC244 oe IXDp E2 GND GND INPUT BUFFER ona lt D4 IN4 D7 18 75 ao 2 R14 VEDO K o POWER rone a HS un ESO oS mur red TIR Gn p 5 1N5818 lt DA Sloe a6 aa 18 dae ei d C8 T c D2 D2 IN2 D3 14 ees e 19 pis t c7 SpA ce POUR 22 7 Y5 AS 1N4148 Q 1uF L LDi lt D1 IN JDI 12 33 3 8 o2 RXD o ERR gt D3 IXD DO 9 ud 1 FJN3307 RS 232 serial I O DO pO INO o UIO CI WAIT 1 1G VDD 20 1 Oo STR CO IN 19d 26 10 rN7 ie INS IN4 IN3 IN2 IN1 INO aed 87
4. Work the board as close as you can Be careful The switches can break if the holes in your front panel don t match well enough Hint It looks nicer if the LEDs stick out the front a little bit NOW solder all the parts to the board with the Cover Card holding everything in position Remove the mounting hardware from D connector J2 Make sure you can easily remove and re install the Cover Card You may have to re heat or reposition some parts or enlarge some holes in your front panel to make it fit easily This may seem tedious but it makes sure that all the parts are soldered in the right places so they won t get forced or broken Final Assembly Jumpers and Options Next install jumpers on the Membership Card to configure it for the type of memory chips at U2 and U8 ko ee 1 2 D 1 2 C P2 and P3 Look at the type of memory chip installed at U2 Ignore the letters at the beginning and end of the part number and focus on the 3 digit number in the center For example if it is marked CXK58256P 10L then it s a generic 256k bit 32k byte RAM the standard chip I supply Find TABLE 1 in the bottom left corner of the schematic on page 20 Look up your chip number to see what jumpers to install For a 32k byte RAM 62256 etc install jumpers at P2 between pins 1 2 and 4 5 and at P3 between pins 1 3 and 2 4 If U8 is installed look on the bottom of the board under R7 There are 4 pads marked U2 U8 HI and
5. it can be retained without power for hours by the onboard supercapacitor or indefinitely by maintaining power Remember this is a low power computer it will run for a year on three AA cells Or you can put your program in an EPROM so it won t be lost even without power The Front Panel can be unplugged and the Membership Card used by itself The Front Panel isn t needed until you want to change the program or debug or observe operation For stand alone use connect power ground and your desired inputs and outputs to J1 the 30 pin header Jumper J1 pins 13 14 RUN to VDD to turn it on Jumper pins 10 11 WE to MWR to enable writing to memory Inspiration for this manual came from Jeff Duntemann s Captain Cosmo s Whizbang c 1980 The cover cartoon was inspired by one by Chris Cloutier and the back cover cartoon by one from Bill Higgins Specifications What have we got here The Membership Card is a miniature copy of the original Popular Electronics ELF built using modern parts and repackaged to fit in an Altoids tin It s got the basics of every computer a CPU memory and I O CPU Clock Memory I O Connectors Size Power Aroma RCA CDP1802ACE microprocessor the brains of this outfit 1 8 MHz ceramic resonator plus RC oscillator adjustable from 20 2000 KHz no that s not MHz or GHz 2k to 64k bytes RAM and or EPROM that s kilobytes not megabytes U2 holds 2k 32k of RAM or EPROM plus optional U8
6. LO Jumpers at these pads control the addressing of U2 and U8 There are two options U2to LO 0 32k U8 to HI 32 64k X Standard jumpers are etched onto the board for this a RAM at U2 the classic all RAM ELF configuration Load programs with the Front Panel b Or install a 2k to 32k EPROM at U2 and RAM at U8 Automatically runs programs in the EPROM For stand alone controllers since no Front Panel or manual program loading is needed c Or install RAMs at both U2 and U8 Now you have a 64k all RAM system U2 to HI 32 64k US8 to LO 0 32k Optional CUT the etched jumpers and add your own a Install RAM at U8 Load programs with the Front Panel U2 socket can be empty b Or put a 2k to 32k EPROM at U2 with programs that run in high memory i e the Elf2K ROM Use the Front Panel to load a LBR address then run it to jump to code in the EPROM Jumper options A B Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 are on the Front Panel card If you want to plug J2 into a PC parallel port short A B and leave QO Q1 Q2 and Q3 open This multiplexes the eight OUTA bits into 4 bits so a PC parallel port can control the Membership Card If you want to use J2 as a general purpose I O port with all eight OUTA bits on pins of J2 leave A B open and short QO Q1 Q2 and Q3 Re install the Cover Card with 4 mounting hardware as shown on page 11 Plug the Membership Card and Front Panel cards together Look in between and make sure that you can se
7. R9 499k yellow white white orange brown R10 499k yellow white white orange brown R14 3 3k tan body with orange orange red gold bands Q4 2N3904 NPN transistor black with 3 leads marked 2N3904 Position it as shown on the board P4 4 pin header This time you can keep the black plastic body on it Or if you prefer leave P4 off and solder 4 small wires to the board instead with any connector you like on the other end LS LOS LN LN LN NN NS Next install the SIP resistor networks and ICs The end with the dot or line is pin 1 It goes on the top in the illustration below to match the silkscreening on the board Solder each lead and cut off the excess R11 10 pin SIP resistor network with nine 1K resistors black marked L101S102 R12 8 pin SIP with seven 100K resistors black marked L81S104 R13 8 pin SIP with seven 100K resistors black marked L81S104 U9 4071 14 pin IC Be sure pin 1 is at the correct end U10 74HC157 16 pin IC That goes for U10 as well Jla Jlb Jic Three 10 pin parts are supplied Mount them on the BOTTOM of the board The pins go in the row of holes toward the CENTER of the board with the connector s cat ears also toward the center Do not solder the empty holes close to the edge Hint Put a piece of masking tape over these holes so you don t solder them closed Solder the connector s pins and cut off the ears LS LN LN NN ws
8. clockwise is maximum speed which is OK at 5v but too fast with a 3v supply C1 is a ceramic resonator at 5v it will lock in to 1 8 MHz with R1 adjusted fully counter clockwise then clockwise 3 4 to turn Zener diode D11 is an idiot diode If power is connected backwards or is over 5 1 volts or is AC instead of DC then D11 shorts it out to protect the rest of the board At worst D11 will get hot and fail shorted but it s cheap and easy to replace P4 is the power connector It is a common male header with four 0 025 square pins on 0 100 centers located in the top left corner of the Front Panel board There are many mating connectors For example the 4 pin cable used in PCs between the CDROM drive and sound card can be used Other choices include Molex KK series 22 01 3047 housing and 08 55 0102 terminals www jameco com 234819 and 234931 Common and easy to use but not latched or keyed AMP latch series 25403S 04 header 25403H 04 R housing 25403T terminals www jameco com 152734 152741 181673 High quality latched keyed if you use its header hard to install terminals P4 pin Name Function 1 VDD or VCC the power supply positive 3 to 5 volts DC 2 RUN Controls the 1802 s clock oscillator Connect to pin 1 to Run leave pin 2 open to Stop 3 LED LED negative Connect to pin 4 to enable the LEDs leave pin 3 open to disable the LEDs 4 VSS or ground common the power supply negative Wire your power
9. connector with positive on P4 pins 1 2 and negative on pins 3 4 To turn the Membership Card on plug the power connector onto the board This makes RUN high clock runs and LED low LEDs enabled To turn it off unplug the connector RUN goes low so the clock stops and the LEDs are disabled to minimize power On Rev D and later D connector J2 pin 18 can be used for the power input It has a diode in series D12 so applying AC or reversing the power won t hurt anything If you power your Membership Card it this way use a jumper plug at P4 to short pins 1 2 and 3 4 Unplugging or plugging it in becomes your on off switch Supercapacitor C4 will hold programs and data for many hours To hold them longer leave power connected to P4 pins 1 and 4 Use a DPST double pole single throw switch to break the connections between pins 1 2 and 3 4 This switch provides on and sleep modes On enables the clock and LEDs to work normally Sleep holds memory and turns the LEDs off so current very low a set of AA cells will maintain memory for years Note If the Front Panel is connected it over rides Sleep mode unless you also set the CLEAR switch and all data switches S0 S7 low Operation Ok so you connected power and nothing smoked Let s see if it works The Front Panel selects the 1802 s operating mode and shows its status LED D8 shows the state of the 1802 Q register it will be off or green at power up Data LEDs D0 D7
10. did it It s alive Bwoo ha ha hah To assemble it you ll need the following tools A clean well lit place to work Preferably one without cats or small children Or if the kids are old enough let them help Cats are never old enough to help Soldering iron with a small tip Don t use a soldering gun unless you re desperate Soldering these tiny parts and pads with a big fat tip will be a real challenge Solder 63 37 tin lead is best but 60 40 is also good Lead free electronics solder is also OK though it doesn t solder as well It must be rosin core electronics solder NOT acid core plumbing or sheet metal solder Wire cutters The smaller the better Nothing is big here Needle nosed pliers For bending or straightening lead wires holding nuts etc Screwdriver with a 1 8 wide or smaller blade For tightening mounting screws and adjusting the clock frequency pot A magnifying glass My old eyeballs aren t good enough to read the markings on some parts or see whether a solder joint is done right or is shorted to the pad next to it Your eyes may not be that good either You ll need to know how to solder This isn t the right kit to learn how to solder The pads are pretty small and if you make a mistake it can be a real fight to get the part off and put back on the right way First make sure you have all the parts I supplied everything that goes on the printed circuit boards but you may need to gather a
11. for an additional 32k of RAM supercapacitor holds data and programs in RAM without power one 8 bit output port with LEDs one 8 bit input port with switches one 1 bit output with LED four 1 bit flag inputs one with a pushbutton switch one with LED one interrupt input 4 pin power connector V RUN LED and V 25 pin DB25 connector with all the I O and power on it DB25 can plug into a PC parallel port to operate the Membership Card with the PC DB25 also has RS 232 and TTL serial I O using Q and EF3 3 1 2 x 2 1 8 x 3 4 89 x 54 x 19 mm voltage 3v to 5v DC current 0 1 to 2ma depending on clock speed and supply voltage plus 1 3ma for each LED that is on a hint of curiously strong peppermint Unlike modern microcomputers that require an expensive PC and huge software programs to do anything the Membership Card is totally self sufficient No PC is needed and no special software is required You can power it from a small solar panel and program it with nothing but the front panel switches and lights If you ever get stranded on a desert island and need to compute this is the computer to have in your pocket The complete package The Membership Card Front Panel and Cover Card all fit in an Altoids tin Assembly Getting it all together This ain t no Heathkit but I m working to make it as easy to build as possible I want it to be something you can give to your kids and have them experience the thrill of saying I
12. make sure you have 3v to 5v power to the board The voltage on U4 pin 12 RUN should be high to enable the oscillator U4 pin 11 will be 1 2 the supply voltage if the oscillator is running Switch to RUN and look for signals on the 1802 TPA TPB MRD and SCO pins Even if it is executing nonsense no program these pins will still be pulsing high low as the 1802 tries to read memory Also check to see that all the 1802 MAO 7 and BUSO 7 pins are going high and low so none are open or shorted Check the voltage on 1802 EF4 input It should be high and go low when you push the IN button If it s the opposite you have the pushbutton in backwards Here is how LOAD mode works Press IN The 1802 EF4 pin and flip flop USB pin 11 go low Release IN EF4 goes high USB sets so its Q output pin 12 goes low This makes 1802 DMA IN go low The 1802 does a DMA in cycle It puts an address on MAO 7 and pulses MWR low to write to memory During a Write cycle MRD is high N2 or LOAD is also high as we are in LOAD mode so U4C pin 10 is low This enables U6 to put the 8 DATA switches on BUSO BUS7 where they get written into memory 1802 SC1 is high during a DMA cycle this resets USB The 1802 then does a read cycle MRD low to read the byte just written to memory MRD low lets U5A set when TPB goes high to latch the byte in U7 Still doesn t work Email me for help at leeahart earthlink net Failing that send it to me and I ll fi
13. show the last data loaded or output by the 1802 program they will initially be some random value Data switches S0 S7 set the input data S11 is the IN button press it to load data S8 is the READ WRITE switch WRITE lets you read or write to memory READ makes memory read only S9 and S10 are the mode switches CLEAR and LOAD They select the four operating modes as follows S9 S10 Mode CLEAR LOAD 1802 Operation LOAD down down Waits for the next memory read write next press of the IN button CLEAR down up Reset the 1802 sets registers Q X P and RO all to 0 WAIT up down Stops the program running in memory and waits right where it is RUN up up Runs or resumes running the program in memory Here s an example of how these switches and lights work 1 Set switches S11 SO as shown 1 means the switch is up 0 means the switch is down X means push the IN button means the switch position doesn t matter I ll show the switch positions like this Switch numbers and positions on the board S11 SIOS9 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Mode Description 10 aa CLEAR Resets the 1802 PROGRAM 1 BLINK Q FAST Let s load a simple program to blink the Q LED 11 SIOS9 S8 S7S6S5S4S3S281S0 Mode Description 2 1 0 CLEAR Reset the 1802 sets RO to address 0000 3 101 WRITE Set S8 up so we can write to memory 4 00 1 LOAD Set both S9 and S10 down X001 011 1101 I a Set S7 SO to 0111 1011 then press the IN button A
14. the same way R4 499k brown body with yellow white white orange brown bands R6 100k gray body with brown black black orange violet bands R7 1 meg tan body with brown black green gold bands R2iseasy to install there isn t one Capacitors have two leads but are installed pretty much the same If the leads are bent straighten them with your needle nosed pliers to fit the board Then repeat the above steps to install each one C2 0 1uF blue marked 104M C3 0 1uF blue marked 104M C4 0 1uF blue marked 104M C5 0 10F a black disk marked 0 10F It has two flat leads one with a sign next to it This lead goes in the hole near the and C5 markings closest to the corner of the board aaa wm gt S N These next parts are a little bigger with more leads R5 9 pin SIP Single Inline Package with eight 10k resistors in it black marked L91S103 Put it at R5 with pin the end with the white line next to C4 Cl 1 8 MHz ceramic resonator blue body with 3 pins marked 1 80Y Ql NPN transistor FJN3301 black with 3 leads marked R3301 Install it as shown at right not as shown by the silkscreen on the board Position the board with the O1 lettering upside down Hold the transistor with its flat side toward you and the leads pointing down Put the left lead in the left hole Put the center lead in the LOWER RIGHT hole Put the right lead in the U
15. 3 octal latch U4 4093 quad 2 input NAND gate Schmitt trigger US 4013 dual D flip flop U6 74HC244 or 74HCT244 octal buffer U7 74HC374 or 74HCT374 octal D flip flop U9 4071 quad 2 input OR U10 74HC157 or 74HCT157 quad data selector PCB Membership Card and Front Panel Card circuit boards rev G screw 4 40 x 3 16 round head machine screw spacer 4 x 3 16 dia 1 8 long plastic spacer standoff 4 40 x 3 16 dia 5 16 long hex female threaded standoff jackscrew 4 40 x 3 16 dia 187 long female 0 515 long male jumper jumpers for P2 and P3 headers case Altoids or equivalent tin candy box Source Mouser 520 ZTT180MG Jameco 544868 Digikey 283 2818 ND Mouser 810 FK14X7R1E475K Jameco 253753 Digikey 754 1232 ND Jameco 36038 Jameco 179047 Jameco 177957 Digikey WM3241 ND Jameco 15165 Jameco 103342 Jameco 2076789 Jameco 109517 Jameco 117560 Digikey FJN3301RTACT ND Digikey FJN3303RTACT ND Digikey FJNA305RTACT ND Jameco 38359 Jameco 2194902 Jameco 691340 Jameco 691500 470k Mouser 652 4609X 1LF 10K Jameco 691585 Jameco 97877 Jameco 276358 Jameco 690988 Jameco 691067 Digikey CKN1091 ND Digikey CKN1740 ND eBay or TMSI that s me Digikey ED90220 ND Jameco 42850 32k RAM Jameco 39731 32k EPROM Digikey ED90205 ND Jameco 45831 Jameco 13400 Jameco 893443 Jameco 45655 Jameco 45858 Jameco 13274 Jameco 272170 TMSI me again Fastenal 1128626 Mouser 749 9908 125 Mouser 728 FC205
16. 4 440 A Jameco 108987 Mouser 737 MSB G grocery or candy store Did you find them all Here are some hints DO 7 Flat D9 11 13 a 1 band D8 C1 Shortest lead D12 Q1 4 Diode Transistor Q Jumper A Header gt P1 P2 P4 P3 30 5 and 4 pins 8 pins 4 or 5 colored bands Ld R1 R2 4 6 10 14 R5 11 13 Trimpot Resistor SIP Resistor Toggle Switch Pushbutton Part number right side up IC so Mounting hardware cket xf 2 n Si ji ep Jackscrew a ac I o Screw I e Plastic spacer Parts16 bmp Threaded standoff Integrated circuit IC Comments on components The resistors use colored rings to identify their resistance in Ohms The other parts have numbers but you may need a magnifying glass to read them Capacitors have their value in Farads usually picoFarads For example 104 means 10 with four zeroes after it that s 100 000pF picoFarad which is also 0 1uF microFarad ICs have room for a part number but it s hidden between extra letters 1 e the 1802 1s actually marked CDP1802ACE Leave the ICs in their packaging until you re ready to install them They are easily damaged by static electricity You know that tiny little spark you get if you touch something metal after petting the cat or walking across a carpet That s static electricity In the microscopic world inside an IC it hits like a lightning strike KABOOM Your IC is dead Not
17. 99 or equivalent Install it at location U8 on the board Be sure the pin 1 end matches the board Solder U8 directly to the board without a socket a socket makes it too tall to fit under U2 C C6 0 1uF yellow marked 104 Install it like you did the resistors Yes it is a tight fit If necessary carefully remove a little plastic from socket U2a to make room for capacitor C6 The easiest way to do this is to melt it away with your soldering iron U2 32k 0 6 wide 28 pin memory IC marked CXK58256P 10L or equivalent Plug it into the socket so the notched end matches the board Now we ll do the rest of the ICs Install each one so the notched end matches the board Bend a couple pins if necessary to hold it in place Then solder all the pins and cut off the excess Note These ICs don t have sockets If you add sockets remember they must be very low profile to fit in the Altoids case U3 74HC373 or 74HCT373 20 pin IC U4 4093 14 pin IC U5 4013 14 pin IC U6 74HC244 or 74HCT244 20 pin IC U7 74HC374 or 74HCT374 20 pin IC LN NN ww S YH YH Front Panel assembly Install these parts on the Front Panel PC board the same way you did on the Membership Card C7 0 luF blue marked 104M D12 1N5818 black body Be sure the end with the white band matches the board D13 1N4148 clear red body Be sure the band matches the board R8 499k brown body with yellow white white orange brown bands
18. ED slowly address machine code RO Hex Binary Mnemonic Human readable comments 0000 F8 11111000 LDI LoaD Immediately 0001 08 0000 1000 8 8 0002 B2 10110010 PHIR2 Put it in the HI half of register 2 0003 22 00100010 DEC R2 DECrement register 2 0004 92 10010010 GHIR2 Get the HI half of register 2 0005 3A 0011 1010 BNZ Branch if it is Not Zero 0006 03 0000 0011 3 to address 3 loops 8 x 256 2048 times 0007 CD 11001101 LSQ Long Skip over next 2 instructions if Q 1 0008 7B 0111 1011 SEQ 1f Q was 0 then SEt Q 1 0009 38 0011 1000 SKP and SKIP next instruction 000A 7A 0111 1010 REQ else Q was 1 so REset Q 0 000B 30 0011 0000 BR BRanch unconditionally 000C 00 000000000 0 to address 0 to begin again The instructions from 0000 to 0002 set up a 16 bit counter in register 2 and set it to hex 08xx Instructions 0003 to 0006 are a loop so register 2 counts down until it gets to hex OOFF The high byte is then 00 and the low byte is left at FF so the BNZ instruction stops looping and the program continues at address 0007 The LSQ instruction tests Q if Q 1 it skips ahead 2 and resets Q to 0 If Q 0 it continues to set Q to 1 The result is to toggle Q on off with each pass Finally the Branch instruction at 000B jumps back to the beginning to repeat the whole thing forever You can control the speed by changing the value at 0001 or by adjusting trimpot R1 PROGRAM 3 READ SWITCHES AND DISPLAY VALUE IN LEDS
19. PPER CENTER hole Push it down close to the board Solder each lead and cut off the excess QlrevH bmp Rl 1 megohm trimpot a gray cube with 3 leads marked WRIMEG Diodes are polarity sensitive and have a colored a band around one end Be sure the banded end matches the band shown on the board D9 1N4148 a reddish glass tube with a wire at each end and 1N4148 printed on it in tiny letters Bend the leads and place it on the board at D9 with the banded end as shown on the board Solder each lead and cut off the excess D10 1N4148 DII 1N5231B reddish glass marked 1N5231B It has tape on its leads marked D11 Now for the pin headers They get soldered on top which is easier without the ICs in the way Hint Cover the nearby IC holes with a piece of masking tape so you don t accidentally plug them with solder P1 30 pin header Insert the pins so the plastic body is against the bottom of the board see drawing below Solder the pins on the top side Don t use too much solder Pry off the plastic body and cut the pins on the bottom as short as possible Hint To remove excess solder from the top temporarily push the plastic onto the top of the pins to hold them in place and re solder the pins from the bottom P2 5 pin header Install P2 the same as P1 Measure the height of the pins on top If more than 1 4 6 3mm high tap them down into the plastic body They must not stick up more o
20. The 1802 Membership Card For me and you and the 1802 TMSI c o Lee Hart 814 8th Ave N Sartell MN 56377 USA leeahart earthlink net http www sunrise ev com membershipcard htm Rev G last revised 3 28 2015 What the heck is this It s an adventure by cracky The Membership Card is your ticket to the weird and wonderful world of microcomputing Our guide will be the COSMAC 1802 perhaps the oddest and most entertaining microprocessor yet invented I hope you will find this manual to be equally odd and entertaining The COSMAC 1802 was created in the 1970 s at the dawn of the microcomputer revolution by Joseph Weisbecker of RCA Corporation It used their new CMOS fabrication process which had very low power consumption high noise immunity and was very simple to use It was intended for military and aerospace applications too tough for other microcomputers to survive But Joe was a hacker at heart He wrote a series of articles starting in the August 1976 issue of Popular Electronics magazine called Build the COSMAC ELF It described a simple low cost computer using the 1802 microprocessor At the time microcomputer systems cost hundreds to thousands of dollars Hmm they still do today But Weisbecker s ELF cost about 80 Yet it was an honest to goodness real live computer able to do anything its much bigger cousins could do albeit a bit slower and cruder It was the ideal computer trainer Hobbyists built thousand
21. This program is a bit more complex It reads the 8 data switches and displays their settings on the 8 LEDs It tests the Membership Card s ability to read and write to the switches and lights Run it with S8 up write address machine code RO Hex Binary Mnemonic Comments 0000 El 11100001 SEX 1 Set X register to 1 OMG 1802 s have sex instructions 0001 90 10010000 GHIO Get HIgh byte of register 0 in D sets D 0 0002 Bl 1011 0001 PHI 1 Put D in HIgh byte of register 1 so R1 00xx 0003 F8 11111000 LDI Load D Immediately with 0004 10 0001 0000 10h 10 hex 0005 A1 10100001 PLO 1 Put D in the LOw half of R1 so R1 is now 0010 0006 6C 0110 1100 INP 4 INPut port 4 front panel switches amp write it to memory at R1 0007 64 01100100 OUT 4 OUTput to port 4 front panel LEDs contents of memory at R1 0008 30 00110000 BR BRanch unconditionally 0009 00 000000000 0 to address 0000 More Programming Toggling in programs with the Front Panel gets old fast doesn t it It s really just there for testing and debugging For bigger programs you ll want to use either the Parallel or Serial port to download programs from your PC If your PC has a parallel port all you need is a standard IBM PC parallel printer cable Download the program at http www sunrise ev com MembershipCard ELF LINK BAS Set Read Write switch S8 to READ down all other switches UP and run the ELF LINK program This is a Microsoft QuickBASIC program that ca
22. YH HY New Serial Input and Output Options Serial I O uses the 1802 s Q output and EF3 input pins note that EF3 is inverted Q is not A program is needed to bit bang the data in and out For example RCA s UT4 monitor TMSI s IDIOT monitor or Tiny BASIC or Spare Time Gizmo s Elf2K EPROM You can toggle the program in with the Front Panel switches tedious Or download it with the parallel port requires a PC with a parallel port Or install an EPROM at U2 with the program in it you ll need the EPROM and the optional RAM at U8 see page 9 Hardware wise serial I O is on J2 the 25 pin D connector on the Front Panel Output TXD is on pin 15 and input RXD is on pin 20 You can assemble the Membership Card for TTL 0 5v or RS 232 12v levels and either normal or inverted data But you ll have to look up or experiment to figure out what method the thing you want to connect is using See http www retrotechnology com memship mem rom serial html Do ONE of the following sets of steps A or B If you re not going to use serial I O or don t know what serial format you ll need build it for NORMAL data A with TTL output levels 1 e C8 shorted A For NORMAL non inverted data used for RS 232 where the idle state is a LOW voltage R15 6 8k resistor tan body with blue gray red gold bands Q2 Do not install Q2 Q3 Install PNP transistor FJN4303RTA marked R4303 in the Q3N position
23. ack to 1meg R2 changed to 5 6k to raise maximum clock frequency Added D12 so power is available on DB25 connector J2 Added R14 to use J2 pin 1 for serial input Added jumpers A B O0 O1 O2 and O2 to use J2 for general purpose I O instead of PC parallel I O Aug 2012 Ran out of parts so changed C5 from 0 047F to 0 022F and R2 and R14 from 5 6k to 6 8k Jan 2013 Rev E Made room for a bigger supercapacitor at C5 now 0 10F or 0 22F May 2013 Rev F Changed C1 to ceramic resonator more stable frequency Removed R2 to make room Feb 2014 Rev G Added 32k RAM U8 under U2 can have 32k RAM plus 32k EPROM Add serial I O using Q and EF3 to D connector Q2 Q3 C8 D13 R15 Add 2 color LED at D8 shows Q and EF3 Mar 2015 Changed Q1 from 2N7000 to FJN3301 and R5 from 100k to 10k to speed up A15 rise time Links for more about the 1802 and ELF computers http www sunrise ev com membershipcard htm This is my website with ordering information manual updates schematics cheat sheets and more http incolor inebraska com bill r elf html elf 1 33 htm This is the Aug 1976 Popular Electronics article that introduced the ELF to hobbyists Most of it applies directly to the Membership Card http datasheets chipdb org RCA MPM 201B CDP1802 Users Manual Nov77 pdf An online copy of RCA s User Manual for the 1802 Must read reference material http www ittybittycomputers com IttyBitty ShortCor htm A Short Course in Programmin
24. ce cp tye Win Bh Sf This loads hex 7B the SEQ or Set Q instruction into memory address 0000 displays it in the LEDs then advances RO from address 0000 to 0001 010 b Set S7 S0 to 0111 1010 then press IN This loads hex 7A the REQ or Reset Q instruction into 0001 displays it then advances RO to 0002 X001 00110000 c Set S7 SO to 0011 0000 then press IN This loads psc wi SORS hex 30 BR or Branch Unconditionally into 0002 displays it then advances RO to 0003 X001 00000000 d Set S7 SO to 0000 0000 then press IN Loads hex 00 07 0 tells Branch Unconditionally where to jump in this case back to 0 displays it then advances RO to 0004 Our program is loaded Let s read it back to see if it is correct S11 S10 S9 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 s0 Mode Description a lO 2 5 5 CLEAR Reset the 1802 sets RO to address 0000 6 100 READ Set S8 down so we can read memory 7 000 Tu LOAD Set both S9 and S10 down X000 011 11011 a Press the IN button This reads memory address 0000 HEN B displays its contents in the LEDs 0111 1011 which is hex 7B then advances RO from address 0000 to 0001 X000 01111010 b Press IN again Displays 0111 1010 hex 7A from kc NAS address 0001 then advances RO from 0001 to 0002 X000 00110000 c Press IN again Displays 0011 0000 hex 30 from XS ga xo 0 address 0002 then advances RO to 0003 X000 00000000 d Press IN again Displays 0000 0000 he
25. e U8 and C6 are optional parts to expand memory to 64k They are NOT supplied with the standard kit Assembly Assembly is a work in process I ll just describe how I built mine Please let me know if you find better ways to do it Check off the steps as you go X in case you get interrupted and have to come back to it later A couple things to keep in mind To fit both boards in an Altoids tin they must be built with the parts as low as possible Standard IC sockets are too high so I ve supplied special low profile sockets Likewise the plastic bodies of the 025 square pin headers P1 to P4 make them too tall so the plastic bodies have to be removed after soldering You ll also need to trim the leads on the back of the boards very short as you go Ready Let s get started Membership Card assembly All parts go on the side of the board with the white silkscreened lettering the top or component side All soldering is done on the other side the back or solder side The only exceptions are for connectors and I ll remind you when we get to them First we ll install the lowest parts the resistors R3 100k ohm resistor gray body with brown black black orange violet color bands Bend the wire leads and place it on the board at the location marked R3 Bend the leads outward slightly to hold it in place Turn the board over solder each lead and cut off the excess as short as possible Install the rest of the parts
26. e daylight between them NOTHING should touch between the two boards except the 30 pin connector P1 J1 the top of trimpot R1 and the two hex standoffs If anything else touches rework your solder joints or trim the leads on the back of the Front Panel so there are no shorts Put nuts on a few of the switches like the ones at each end There isn t room for nuts on all of them They aren t really needed for such a small board The hardware for J2 usually does the job Finally screw the Membership Card to the threaded standoffs in J2 with two 4 screws The last page of this manual is a cheat sheet summary of operation Cut out one vertical column and fold it to fit inside the Altoids box It s a handy reminder and also keeps the pins on the back of the board from shorting to the metal case Power On Now it s time for the smoke test We ll connect power and try not to let any of the magic smoke out Old timers will tell you that electronic devices don t work if the smoke gets out The Membership Card takes very little power 3v to 5v DC at 1ma plus a few ma for each LED that is lit You can use three 1 5v batteries an old cellphone charger that outputs 5vdc or even the solar panel from a scrapped calculator for power For example a battery holder with three AA cells in a second Altoids tin works nicely R1 sets the clock frequency 12 turns end to end Fully clockwise is very slow but very low power Fully counter
27. et O VDD A14 llaia 28 pole ca o9 23d wg P tor Bl 9 XOE I m 0 1urF WE 22 WE 1 2 3 4 5 e 20 MRDO 3 04 SE 14 D7 1 D11 OVvss BE DUET CE VSS 5 1Vvz IL a8 D6 1N5231B HI U D5 1 sib A15 6 D4 i 33 S 5s o i our D3 1 USA ON i Shox Geis NE SELECT 14 T S 2 19 HH N4 R T EER U4A 3 6 4 1 1 2 4093 U4B 4 MRD 8 5 4093 u4c 10 7 9 4093 INP O WE N4 or LOAD 2 li 4 ORUN D10 oo R7 1N4148 R6 T c3 1Meg 100K O 1uF gt 3 bL xxx RA For RS 232 serial IXD and RXD normal i e nm T OQ 1uF 499K Install C8 R15 Leave out Q2 Install Q3 at For TTL serial IXD and RXD inverted Insta x Short C8 Leave out R15 Install Q3 at O31 p amp TABLE 1 Notes U2 part pin s 1 23 26 27 P2 Jumpers P3 1 Boards stack Front Panel on top Me 62256 32K RAM Al4 A11 A13 WE 1 2 4 5 1 3 2 4 Card on bottom both component side 6264 8K RAM A11 VDD WE 3 4 1 3 2 4 2 PC Parallel Port Set SO 7 S9 11 Ul 6116 2K RAM WE VDD 3 4 2 3 3 Uses C1 8 DO 13 J1 2 P1 9 01 4 27256 32K EPROM VDD A11 A13 A14 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 6 4 Rev B Add Q1 to gate U2 CE w IPB 27128 16K EPROM VDD A11 A13 VDD 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 5 Add C6 82pF Add feedthru O dril 2764 8K EPROM VDD A11 NC VDD 2 3 1 3 4 5 5 Rev C R4 and R8 10 were 470K now x 2732 4K EPROM All VDD 3 4 1 3 6 Rev D R2 was 15K now 6 8K Add R1 x 2716 2K EPROM VDD VDD 3 4 3 5 names Swap P1 J1 designators Add is a 24 pin chip p
28. few other things yourself I ll supply Altoids tins as long as my supply holds out but you will have to drill or cut the holes in it for the switches LEDs and connectors The Membership Card is your entry into the COSMAC College of Computer Knowledge We ll start with an aptitude test See if you can find and identify the common electronic components listed on the next page Place a check mark in the box X as you find them If any are missing let me know so I can send it out before you get bored and go back to watching TV Ready Turn the page to begin an adventure that could last a lifetime EA EMGESSHIP CARD UM s iaaaa 24252238 ae Membership Card E Front Panel Card D 3 a LI LL LL LN LN S PES AEN mM Um Um Um Um Um Um Um Umm Tr AE Sw y a a ae ae ae ae ae ae ae ee ee ee ae ee ee ee o o o a ee ae a ee ae ee ae eee ee ae t b n n iJnkiNM ir rmrmnrmrm rr 5 uUu o00 n BN NN DBD Be BR RR RRR ee Identifier PARTS LIST Cl ceramic resonator 1 8 MHz blue marked 1 80Y C2 4 7 capacitor 0 luF X7R ceramic blue marked 104M C5 supercapacitor 0 10F 5 5vdc black disk 0 4 dia C8 capacitor 4 7uF ceramic blue marked 475 D0 7 LED T1 3 4 red D8 LED T1 3 4 red green common cathode clear with 3 leads D9 10 13 diode 1N4148 clear red case D11 diode 1N5231B 5 1v zener clear red case D12 diode Sc
29. g by Tom Pittman An excellent introduction to programming the 1802 http www cosmacelf com The COSMAC ELF fan club with lots of information on the many commercial and hobbyist variants http www retrotechnology com memship memship html Herb Johnson s website on the Membership board He built one of the first ones and has done a great job documenting it many thanks Herb There are loads of design notes history software examples etc Mugshots of the Elf Membership Card 3 board Set PC PARALLEL PORT OOOOOOOO Q RUN WRITE 7 6 5 43 2 1 C00 C0 0 0 0 CO OO IN WAIT CLR READ ELF MEMBERSHIP CARD LORD leeahart earthlink net Cover Card 1 1 scale Can use as a drilling template 09 OT 02 03 1 RE es TRSF ADU T Tor ee Ai ZA pcd IN RUN M aiae 15 20 25 38 WAIT CLR R 511 510 e Doon on oo ooo ooo oon ooo non no 12345 CUm U1 COSMAC MICROPROCESSOR leeahart earthlink net CD00 dev4mc s bmp Membership Card 1 1 scale Part location and placement guide 19 U3 74HC373
30. hottky 1N5818 black case Jla b c socket 10 pin top entry Molex 22 18 2101 J2 connector 25 pin DB25 female vertical PC mount Pl header 30 pin with 0 025 sq pins on 0 1 centers P2 header 5 pin with 0 025 sq pins on 0 1 centers P3 header 4x2 pin with 0 025 sq pins on 0 1 centers P4 header 4 pin with 0 025 sq pins on 0 1 centers QI transistor NPN w base resistors FJN3301 3 leads black Q2 transistor NPN w base resistors FJN3307RTA 3 leads black Q3 transistor PNP w base resistors FJN4303RTA 3 leads black Q4 transistor NPN 2N3904 3 leads black RI trimpot 1meg BI Tech 64WRIMEG 3 leads gray cube R3 6 resistor 100k 1 4w brown black black orange violet R4 8 10 resistor 499k 1 4w yellow white white orange brown R5 SIP resistor 9 pin 8 x 10k black marked L91S103 R7 resistor Imeg 1 4w brown black green gold Rll SIP resistor 10 pin 9 x 1k black marked L101S102 R12 13 SIP resistor 8 pin 7 x 100k black marked L81S104 R14 resistor 3 3k 1 4w orange orange red gold R15 resistor 6 8k 1 4w blue gray red gold S0 10 toggle switch subminiature SPDT S11 pushbutton switch subminiature SPDT UI 1802 microprocessor UI socket 40 pin ultra low height Mill Max 115 43 640 41 003000 U2 32k RAM supplied Can use 2k 32k RAM 6116 6264 62256 etc or EPROM 2716 27256 or 26C16 27C256 etc U2 socket 28 pin very low height Mill Max 115 43 628 41 001000 U3 74HC373 or 74HCT37
31. n completely control the Membership Card it can operate all the switches monitor all the LEDs load and save programs etc Even if you don t like BASIC the program is posted in plain ASCII so you can write a version in your favorite programming language Now who will be the first to translate it into C If you don t have a parallel port there are many other ways to automate control and program loading See the web page at http www sunrise ev com membershipcard htm projects for some of the ways to do it The current Rev G Membership Card has a new way It adds an RS 232 TTL serial interface and a second memory chip socket It holds an EPROM with software to talk to a PC s RS 232 port or USB port with a serial to USB adapter So far we know it works with the Elf2K EPROM from Spare Time Gizmos http www sparetimegizmos com Hardware Elf2K htm I m exploring other options as well I plan to offer an expansion kit with a preprogrammed EPROM and the extra RAM for U8 as soon as I get a round tuit In Case of Difficulty The usual problems are bad solder joints Either a pin hasn t been soldered or there is too much solder so it shorts to another pin Next look for something too tall on the Membership Card that is shorting to the back of the Front Panel Likely candidates are the pin headers P2 and P3 Look for parts installed backwards diodes or ICs or SIP resistors or in the wrong place like resistors If all this looks right
32. or so sizes from 1 8 to 1 2 Cut the D connector opening with a nibbling tool or a lot of hand filing The optional Cover Card is available at http www sunrise ev com membershipcard htm It has all the labels and holes made for you see photo on page 3 Just cut a big hole in the Altoids tin and use the card to cover the hole Solder screw or glue it in place when done assembling the boards 11 Pushbutton switch Printed side D White 3 lead LED Put the Put it on the board with shortest lead in the left hole and the printed side up in this the flat side of the case on the right view Bend one of the pins Bend a lead so it won t fall off slightly just enough so it won t fall off the board Do not solder Do not solder co D0 7 Red LEDs Short wire in right hole Ignore the flat side S10 Toggle switch Put it on the same as S11 with the 120v side up Bend a pin so it won t fall off Al Do not solder e J2 D connector Loosely mount J2 to the Front Panel Card and Cover Do not solder Card with 4 hardware as shown wo S9 S0 Place them on the board the same as S10 a ue AISIA EEEEREDE GE 00000009 Do not solder uae Jack Cover J2 Plastic Front Threaded Dev4FP A bmp screw Card spacer Panel standoff iJ C Wiggle the parts and boards around so all the LEDs and switches fit neatly in the holes in your Cover Card or front panel
33. r they will short to the Front Panel Solder on top and cut the plastic body and pins on the bottom as short as possible P3 6 pin header Install it the same as P1 and P2 I supplied an 8 pin part Remove 2 pins so it fits on the board Be sure the pins are no more than 1 4 6 3mm above the board ITET Dev4pins bmp Insert from bottom check height solder from top cut off pin and body under board ICs and static electricity Old pros and young fools can skip this paragraph ICs are easy to damage with static electricity Keep them in their protective packaging until needed When you remove an IC keep it in your hand until it is on the board Pick up the board or tool with your other hand Do not have the IC be the first thing to touch the tool or board That way any static electricity discharges into you and not the IC ICs are polarity sensitive they must be installed with the pin 1 end matching the marking on the board The pin 1 end may be marked in a number of ways with a dot notch or line etc When the printing on the IC is right side up and facing you pin 1 is in the lower left corner See the illustration on page 6 to find pin 1 Lay each IC on its side on the table Bend the pins slightly inward so they are straight and parallel to each other If it still does not fit into the holes on the board use your needle nosed pliers to straighten the leads IC sockets are only supplied for U1 and U2 the 1802 and memo
34. ry chip Sockets add cost and make the board taller so it won t fit in the Altoids tin Sockets are also the least reliable part of the whole computer especially if you use el cheapo sockets But they make troubleshooting and chip replacement easier so you can add them if desired Ula 40 pin IC socket Install it on the board at location U1 The notched end must match the notch shown on the board Solder each pin Ul 1802 marked CDP1802ACE Plug it into the socket so the notched end matches the board U2a 28 pin IC socket Install it as described for Ula New Improved yada yada Optional Memory Expansion RAM The rev G Membership Card has room for a second memory chip U8 This is an option not included with the standard kit It adds 32k bytes of RAM addressed from 32k to 64k To add it you need two extra parts 1 U8 32k RAM in 0 3 wide DIP package Cypress CY7C199 Jameco 242376 2 C6 0 luF X7R axial lead ceramic capacitor Mallory P20R104K5 Jameco 536542 If you are not installing U8 skip the steps in the following box To install U8 do steps A B and C A U2 If U2 is installed unplug it and set it aside On the socket for U2 remove the 3 plastic bars that connect its two rows of pins The easiest way is to melt them in two with your soldering iron then cut off the excess with your diagonal cutters This makes room for U8 to fit under U2 B U8 32k 0 3 wide 28 pin RAM marked CY7C1
35. s of ELFs learning about computer design construction and programming in the process A dozen companies began producing versions of the ELF also selling for low prices It was the Legos of computers a simple building block computer that could be assembled many ways to become almost anything limited only by your imagination I learned about computing on my ELF It set me on a career in engineering as it did for thousands of others 1802 s were designed into all sorts of amazing things video games music synthesizers Chrysler engine computers military weapon systems and even spacecraft such as NASA s Galileo Eat stardust x86 PCs So return with me now to those thrilling days of yesteryear when the heroic pioneers of the microcomputer revolution built their own computers from scratch and programmed them to do incredible things all for a tiny amount of money What can you do with an 1802 The Membership Card is much like the Arduino and Parallax BASIC Stamp You can program it to do simple tasks and be the brains of your projects It can blink lights drive relays or small motors run displays make annoying sounds with a speaker read switches or sensors to measure things perform calculations make decisions and more Its machine language is very simple and free assemblers are available There are also open source BASIC interpreters and C compilers for the 1802 to write and run really ambitious programs Once a program is loaded
36. s6 ss s4 33 S2 S1 so J2 If used as DB25p general I O 1 0 P5 open U Oo O o o Oo a ra E ES PME R12 100K a e CLEAR 28 A B 4 2 lovpp e not inverted 4 4 23 at Q3N position 5 R13 6 100K Install Q2 4 7 231 position 8 WAIT 29 BWAIT op Membership 30 side up Ti UB H8 DOWN mu TMSI c o Lee Hart 21 4 R1 3 15 80 11 and U1 10 TPB amp AlS R8 10 470K was 100K Add RUN on P4 13 814 8th Ave N drill for 1804 to open VCC I O port 4 7 was 5or7 Sartell MN 56377 now 499K C6 was 82pF now 100pF leeahartGearthlink net id R14 for RS 232 input Add D12 Add J2 signal Title Add jumpers A B Q0 O3 for 8 outputs on J2 F X 2 Membership Cards w o memory or I O conflict 1802 Membership card and Front Panel card up to 0 22F Size Document Number REV ith 1 8 MHz ceramic resonator I O using Q EF3 D8 now red for Q 1 IXD active C ORCAD SHEET 1 O02 DEV4G SCH G 2 R5 was 100K now 10K Q1 was 2N7000 now FJN3301 Date April 8 2015 sneet 1 of T 21 The Inside Story Bidirectional Long Data Bus Branch Short Scratchpad Shift Interrupt eae Branch Registers Instructions Clock v IDL Flag Instruction Bootstrap Operation ex Proaram Instruction Machine es Censored Cycle How the 1802 in an Elf computer REALLY works
37. ut its pin 1 into socket pin 3 Add NO N2 amp Q1 options to stack 2 Me P4 power pin 1 VDD 3 to 5 VDC 3 AA cells etc 7 Rev E Add room for larger C5 up t connector pin 2 RUN to pin 1 to run open stops osc 9 Rev F Remove R2 Replace C1 with 1 pin 3 LED to pin 4 enables LEDs open off 9 Rev G Add U8 C6 Add serial I O u pin 4 COMMON for power GND VSS green for EF3 pin 1 RXD active R 20 Membership Front Panel dev gsp2 bmp Card Card o3 O2 O1 oO o o o o P1 1 J1 JUMPERS P6 P9 TO J2 PIN ora MOLEX KK Gee HEADER SOCKET p a g 7AHC157 DO 3 DO Q0 2 2 ol 4 Q0 2 1A 1Y 4 04 900 Di 18 55 57 19 3 ol3 Q4 3 iB D2 4 5 4 4 1 Qi 14 12 95 91 D3 1i7 P2t 21 a6 sos 1 s i3 ee Y 23 17 pe o6 Of 2 4B D4 7 6 6 6 Q2 i 7 06 02 Sa
38. x 00 from V 0 V 0 address 0003 then advances to 0004 If our program is correct now we can run it 8 10 2 5 CLEAR Reset the 1802 set RO back to address 0000 9 1 1 RUN Both S9 and S10 up The 1802 begins running the program starting at address 0000 This program is very simple it tells the 1802 to turn the Q LED on red then off green and repeat forever But it s doing it so fast that the LED looks orange To prove that it s really going on and off connect a pair of headphones or a small speaker between J2 pin 15 Q and pin 20 ground you ll hear an audio tone Adjusting R1 the SPEED trimpot changes the pitch Or we can use the WAIT mode to temporarily stop the program I05 4129 40 2 s WAIT Stop right where you are The 1802 freezes where it is in the program The Q bit may be caught set or reset Flipping S10 up and down will RUN and WAIT the program sometimes catching Q set red sometimes reset green WAIT is handy for debugging you can stop at any time and check any point in the circuit with a meter or logic probe to see what is going on then continue execution Here is a bit longer program It does the same thing blinks Q but much s l o w e r Use the same sequence of switch flipping as above Let s simplify the description so it s not so wordy See if you can figure out how to enter it Hint There s a cheat sheet at the end of the manual PROGRAM 2 BLINK Q SLOW Blink the Q L
39. x it Last Writes I m still working on this manual more illustrations better assembly directions instructions for troubleshooting hookup and ways to load and save programs from your PC without all that flippin switch flipping Watch the websites listed below for the latest details I hope what I have so far is enough to get you going If not please feel free to contact me with comments corrections questions or ways to improve it My contact information is on the first page Changes along the way July 2010 Rev A board Changed R8 R10 from 100k to 470k Aug 2010 Rev B Added Q1 and C6 Changed I O port from 5 7 to 4 5 6 7 to match Elf Added RUN to P4 Nov 2010 Changed R4 and R8 10 from 470k to 499k and C6 from 82pf to 100pf for expediency I ran out of 470k and 82pf parts and had lots of 499k and 100pf Jul 2011 Rev C Fixed silkscreen I O port names IN5 7 now INP4 OUTS OUT7 now OUT4 IN and OUT ports still respond to any port number from 4 7 Added Cover Card for a more finished appearance Aug 2011 Corrected P2 jumper chart on schematic For 6116 2716 2732 P2 was 2 3 changed to 3 4 For 2764 P2 was 3 4 changed to 2 3 For 27128 and 27256 P2 was 1 2 and 3 4 changed to 2 3 and 4 5 Sept 2011 Added power supply info Jan 2012 Added photos of finished boards Mar 2012 Added cheat sheet summary page Apr 2012 R1 changed from 1meg to 500k I ran out of 1meg pots June 2012 Rev D board R1 changed b
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