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1. Pi has HDMI support and has an SD card slot for booting up due to lack of BIOS and a persistent memory Maik Schmidt 2012 In this paper we have described a novel design and implementation of a compact wireless sensor network with internet E mail capability The system can monitor the status of kitchen and send E AIG 4 GPRS based Modem Amplifier Sensor Signal condition Sensor Sensor Raspberry Pi Processing unit ing circuit Module mail and or an alert SMS via GSM network automatically to users The system has the capability to control through internet E mail where the subject of received E mail is read by the developed algorithm fed into Raspberry pi and then the system responds to the corresponding instruction with high security It has a variety of features such as energy efficiency intelligence low cost portability and high performance System architecture The kitchen monitoring system hereby reported consists of two components Fig 1 Wireless Sensor Network units WSNs and a Wireless Information Unit WIU linked by radio transceivers that allow the transfer of temperature light intensity motion detection fire detection LPG gas detection data implementing a WSN that uses ZigBee technology The WIU also has a GPRS module to transmit the data via the public mobile network Raspberry Pi has been chosen as the processing unit of WIU Python coded Algorithm has been fed into it an
2. as sensing units for effective data management on the IoT networks The sensing unit measures the environmental conditioning values such as temperature light intensity etc Thus the fabrication of different types of sensing units enabled remote monitoring and controlling of household appliances through IoT gateway and IoT application Fig 3 a b c d e depicts the fabricated sensing units used in the IoT application wherein the data is forwarded through the IoT gateway integrated with ZigBee coordinator The gas sensor being used has high sensitivity to liquefied petroleum gas LPG Hanwei Electronics CO 2011 This makes the sensor appropriate for a kitchen A signal conditioning circuit is designed to interface the sensor to one of the analog inputs of the ZigBee module The sensor can detect the concentration of LPG between 300 10 000 ppm Concentration of gas above 1000 ppm can be toxic 20 When the value exceeds this threshold the communication module sends an E mail alert to the user through Raspberry pi The temperature value is acquired by a low cost temperature sensor the DS1820 It consists of several electronic components to interface the sensors to the one of the input pin of ZigBee module It can measure temperature from 55C to 125C A light sensor is chosen for determining the light intensity which also communicates through ZigBee interface The sensor output is converted to digital value from which illuminance
3. or the ambient light level in Lux is calculated using an empirical formula to approximate the human eye response Fire sensor node is placed in the kitchen The sensor can detect fire and send an E mail and or SMS and or to the base station while sounding the alarms at the same time A motion detection sensor MDS based on an infrared receiver is used Vishay Semiconductors 2001 It is interfaced to digital input pins of ZigBee module to monitor the door of the kitchen Fig 3 Wireless sensing unit for Measuring a light intensity b Measuring environment temperature c LPG gas level monitoring d Fire detection monitoring e motion detection monitoring IoT Application Gateway The transformation of sensing information from ZigBee to IPv6 network is executed by a program at the IoT application gateway as the ZigBee network does not have the architecture to communicate with internet protocols The IoT application gateway consists of a program for transforming ZigBee addresses and encapsulating data payloads in an internet protocol The XBee S2 modules produce sample packets which are converted to IPv6 User Datagram Protocol UDP packets by the application gateway and sent to a server Command packets to control the XBee S2 modules are encapsulated in an UDP packet by the server and are converted to ZigBee packets by the IoT application gateway SMS Module The SIM900A is a GSM GPRS module which works on various freq
4. pp 440 443 Zhao Y and Z Ye 2008 A Low Cost GSM GPRS Based Wireless Home Security 448 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 System IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 54 2 remote information monitoring devices for smart 567 572 homes IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 55 3 Zualkernan A R Al Ali M A Jabbar I 122 1226 Zabalawi A Wasfy InfoPods Zigbee based
5. to the status of the devices or can make changes on these states The complete system is secured through a login E mail password based authentication ZigBee communication makes the system installation easy The design is completely wireless and is integrated with the software to form a low cost robust and easily operable system The monitoring and automatic control of equipment through LAN or Internet is forming a trend in automation field An existing monitoring system can be connected to Internet by sophisticated embedded processor to extend its function Replacing PC with low cost single chip processor can make administrators get parameters of different remote sensors and send control information to field equipments at any time through Internet The E mail controlled duplex communication system provides a powerful decision making device concept for adaptation to several smart kitchen scenarios REFERENCES Barnes N M N H Edwards D A D Rose and P Garner 1998 Lifestyle monitoring technology for supported independence Comput Control Eng J 9 169 174 Chia Hung Lien Ying Wen Bai Ming Bo Lin 2007 Remote Controllable Power Outlet System for Home Power Management IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 53 4 1634 1641 Ching Hu Lu Wu Chao Lin Fu Li Chen 2011 Reciprocal and Extensible Architecture for Multiple Target Tracking in a Smart Home IEEE Trans on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C Application
6. 015 Pages 441 448 E z More 7 15 PM 6 minutes ago Google Gmail 6 8 101 Cookbooks Lacinato Kale and Pecorino Salad 12 30 14 Inbox g P Notification on Home Automation inbox x Important Sent Mail ras rpi home3 gmail com Drafts 1 Suer Switch 1 tumed ON Trash Categories Social 1 Promotions 92 W Forums 1 deleted message in this conversation View message or delete forever Personal Travel More Fig 7 Screen shot of SENT MAIL from Raspberry Pi The algorithm reads the subject and checks the existence and safe range of the devices wirelessly before forwarding the same to WSN If the system satisfies the safety and security limits then WIU will forward the controlling command to WSU wirelessly to perform the switching action For example an E mail with the subject ON1 was sent to Raspberry pi account rpi home3 gmail com in this case from the consumer account agrawalrishabh3 gmail com in this case The algorithm read the subject ON1 at WIU and sent the command to WSN to turn ON the device 1 represented by Switching Device and instantly replied to the sender by an E mail Switch turned ON under the subject Notification on Home Automation Fig 7 shows the screen shot of sent mail from WIU to the sender indicating the details of action performed The code also notifies the security breach to prevent unauthorized users to access the system
7. 8 and health monitoring systems for elderly in nursing homes Dong Her Shih 2010 The above wireless local range monitoring systems have been extended to a wider remote range using GSM GPRS networks Gao Mingming 2010 and wireless TCP IP based communications Dong Her Shih 2010 In addition a low cost wireless gateway utilizing a GSM GPRS Corresponding Author Mrutyunjaya Sahani Assistant Professor Siksha O Anusandhan University India Rishabh Agrawal Subhashree Subudhi and Aradhana Nayak Research Scholar Siksha O Anusandhan University India 442 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 based system to monitor fire and door knobs were reported Zhao 2008 and many others to mention The above mentioned systems are utilized for local monitoring or remote monitoring using wireless components like wireless access points and GSM GPRS modems The paper proposes a Raspberry pi based kitchen monitoring system through E mail with ZigBee based technology Raspberry Pi is a single board computer developed by Cambridge University The Pi has been extremely popular among the academic fraternity due to its low cost The model B of the Pi ships with 512MB of RAM 2 USB ports and an Ethernet port It packs an ARMI176JZF S 700 MHz processor Video Core IV GPU into the Broadcom BCM2835 System on Chip which is cheap powerful and also low on power The
8. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 ISSN 1991 8178 Australian Journal of Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Basic and Applied Sciences AENSI Publisher a TAJBA Journal home page www ajbasweb com E mail Based Kitchen Monitoring System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module Mrutyunjaya Sahani Rishabh Agrawal Subhashree Subudhi and Aradhana Nayak Sikha O Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar India Research Scholar Siksha O Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar India ARTICLE INFO Article history Received 20 January 2015 Accepted 02 April 2015 ABSTRACT An interactive kitchen monitoring system for monitoring environmental parameters such as light intensity room temperature fire detection motion detection and LPG gas level has been developed This system can monitor the status of kitchen and send an Published 20 May 2015 alert SMS via GSM network and or an E mail automatically to a concerned authority if the conditions get abnormal The concerned authority can control the system through Keywords his mobile phone by sending AT Commands to GSM MODEM or by taking the E mail GSM Microcontroller Remote Monitoring Sensor ZigBee necessary steps in user E mail which is password protected This system finds a wide application in areas where physical presence is not possible all the time The ZigBee device and ARM1176JZF S microcontro
9. as shown in Fig 8 So the result shows that E mail based kitchen monitoring system has been successfully implemented efficiently and reliably Google ES Gmail a 8 u More The Financial Express lot to leam from IBM boen Security Breach D tebe x Important Sent Mail D rpi home3 gmail com 7 37 PM 1 minute ago Drafts 1 news Unauthorized e mail id Mrutyunjaya Sahani lt mrutyunjayasahani soauniversity ac in gt Trash Command ON2 v Categories 2 Social 1 Z Promotions 92 E Forums Personal Travel More v Fig 8 Screen shot of SECURITY NOTIFICATION from Raspberry Pi Monitor GSM Modem Raspberry Pi ZigBee coordmator Sensor untt Switchme Device Key Board Mouse Fig 9 Working Experimental setup a Wireless sensing unit responding to E mail with subject ON1 1 e 447 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 Switching Device is glowing representing the switching signal for switch 1 b Wireless information unit having GSM modem Raspberry pi ZigBee coordinator monitor keyboard and mouse Conclusion This paper presents the design and implementation of an interactive kitchen monitoring system with GSM ZigBee communication and E mail features GSM is an excellent choice for this due to its extensive coverage Since SMS is a text based protocol even the most basic GSM systems can have access
10. ctionality The extracted parameters are compared against predefined safe ranges for the respective device and command Only after the E mail has been processed Start Virtual Home Yes Send E Mail to users Check for unread me E mail Yes Authenticate E mail Authentication Successful Extract destination device address from E Mail subject Extract Parameters from subject Send Instruction to home Fig 2 Flowchart of the control algorithm System Description The remote measurement and controlling of home devices over the Internet can be mechanized by following certain network architectural design strategies and applying ZigBee communication standards The data transmission of smart sensing devices augmented with ZigBee over the internet can be done by integrating an internet gateway with ZigBee network In a ZigBee network end devices collect and forward data to a coordinator and then the ZigBee protocol data format is translated to Internet protocol IPV6 format by the gateway The Raspberry Pi unit and the associated sensors are installed in a home through ZigBee and the threshold for each of the analog input is configured by the virtual home algorithm for security and safety and declared safe the E mail is re encrypted and forwarded to the real home network device Notify the Head user Does extracted address exist in device database Do the parameters fall within limit If an ab
11. d is connected to the internet to access and send E mail to the consumers XBee Module Device Relay Driver Device Circuit Device Fig 1 Layout of the proposed system configuration a Wireless Information Unit b Wireless Sensor Unit Proposed Algorithm The virtual home is a software construct developed in python The virtual home is implemented on the home gateway All communication and instructions are checked as illustrated in Fig 2 for security and safety in the virtual environment before implementation in the real home environment The virtual home waits for input from an external source All the devices on the ZigBee network incorporate the ZigBee microcontroller and a dedicated raspberry pi If the conditions get abnormal raspberry pi sends an E mail and or alert SMS to concerned authorities Once the security E mail has been received the virtual home checks the safety implications of the E mails After decryption the destination device address is extracted from the E mail and is checked for its existence in the device database Once the device s existence on the network has been established the subject included in the E mail is extracted The existence of the command for the respective device is checked to ensure the real 443 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 device offers the requested fun
12. enhauer 2009 In general intelligent home automation system consists of clusters of sensors collecting different types of data regarding the residents and utility consumption at home Several systems using Bluetooth Infrared IR ZigBee and Radio Frequency Identification System RFID based communication protocols have already been utilized to monitor homes wirelessly within a short range For example the Bluetooth technology was utilized to build an intelligent home security system Liang Hsu 2009 In addition remote controllable power outlet system for home power management Chia Hung Lien 2007 a networked monitoring system for home automation Guangming Song 2007 and intelligent home appliance control system Hyung Bong Lee 2010 have also been proposed An IR interactive remote control of legacy home appliances through a virtually wired sensor network has also been reported Chun Liang Hsu 2010 ZigBee based technology has been used in local monitoring and controlling of home appliances within homes For example ZigBee based remote information monitoring devices for smart homes and home automation systems were developed and reported Zualkernan Gill 2009 Gao Mingming 2010 Monitoring and protection building electrical safety system utilizing ZigBee was also presented Li Chien Huang 2011 RFID technology has also been utilized in home automations Ching Hu 2011 homes safety Hui Huang Hsu 2010 Xuemei 200
13. eractive Remote Control of Legacy Home Appliances through a Virtually Wired Sensor Network IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 56 4 2242 2248 IEEE Standard for Information Technology Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems Local and Metropolitan Area Networks IEEE Standard 802 15 4 2003 2003 Liang Hsu Sheng Yuan Yang Wei Bin Wu 2009 Constructing intelligent home security system design with combining phone net and Bluetooth mechanism in Proc ICMLC 09 6 3316 3323 Li Chien Huang Hong Chan Chang Cheng Chung Chen Cheng Chien Kuo 2011 A ZigBee Based Monitoring and Protection System for Building Electrical Safety Energy and Buildings 43 6 1418 1426 Maik Schmidt Pi Raspberry 2012 A Quick Start Guide Dallas Texas The Pragmatic Bookshelf pp 11 42 Rhydo Technologies 2011 SIM900 GSM GPRS RS232 Modem User Manual Surie D O Laguionie and T Pederson 2008 Wireless sensor networking of everyday objects in a smart home environment in Proc Int Conf Intell Sensors Sensor Netw Inf Process pp 189 194 Vishay Semiconductors 2001 Photo Modules for PCM Remote Control Systems Technical Datasheet pp 1 8 XBee PRO RF 2013 Module Digi Int Inc Hopkins MN USA Online Available http www digi com accessed Jun 15 Xuemei Li Xu Gang Li Li 2008 RFID Based Smart home architecture for improving lives in Proc IWASID 08
14. ication E mail and or SMS indicating the update parameter temperature in this case value to the authorized users and the user then sends mail to WIU for controlling action as shown in Fig 4 to Fig 7 respectively The message has been moved to the trash s ta More Fool com Headlines Will Facebook Stock Get a Virtual Reality Boost in 2015 17 hours ago Sent Mail amp rp home3 gmail com 7 19 PM 0 minutes ago Drafts 1 gii Trash s The temprature is 30 1 degree C Categories s Social 1 Promotions 92 w Forums Personal Travel 19 deleted messages in this conversation View messages or delete forever More gt Fig 4 Screen shot of WARNING NOTIFICATION from Raspberry Pi Google EE Gmail t A amp CH More ESPN com Report Shanahan soured by Browns friction 5 hours ago aati ON1 Inbox x Starred Sent Mail Rishabh Agrawal 7 09 PM Drafts was i Rishabh Agrawal lt agrawalrishabh3 gmail com gt Categories Raspberry Pi lt rpi home3 gmail com gt More Wed Jan 7 2015 at 7 09 PM DE Q Ont gmail com gmail com Important mainly because of the people in the conversation 0 GB 0 of 15 wu use Manage Seu Gury sors i rruvy Fig 5 Screen shot of INBOX received on Raspberry Pi 10 01 2015 Sot San B Fig 6 Step by step usage of the mobile notification program 446 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2
15. ller are used in the implementation of sensor module The system offers a complete low cost powerful and user friendly way of real time monitoring and remote control of kitchen A prototype model is developed and tested with high accuracy result 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved To Cite This Article Mrutyunjaya Sahani Rishabh Agrawal Subhashree Subudhi and Aradhana Nayak E mail Based Kitchen Monitoring System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS module Aust J Basic amp Appl Sci 9 16 441 448 2015 INTRODUCTION Home automation represents a potential research area and their significance is growing rapidly because of rise in community demand With the advancement in Internet technologies and Wireless Sensor Networks WSN a new trend in the era of ubiquity is being realized Enormous increase in users of Internet and modifications on the internet working technologies enable networking of everyday objects Surie 2008 Humans usually inside their home interact with the environment settings like light air etc and regulate them accordingly If the settings of the environment can be made to respond to human behavior automatically then there will be several advantages The automation of home settings to act according to the inhabitant s requirement is termed as intelligent home automation system Ambient intelligence responds to the behavior of inhabitants in home and provides them with various facilities Eis
16. normality is sensed the Raspberry pi sends an E mail indicating the status of the monitored sensors to an Internet based server using the user E mail id The system then sends a Short Messaging Service SMS message to the home owner informing about the abnormality ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network In the development of kitchen monitoring system ZigBee communication has been used The ZigBee device is an energy efficient highly accurate self configuring low cost communication technology XBee PRO 2013 IEEE 2003 The communication between the sensor module and sink module is performed from side to side a ZigBee 444 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 module In this paper we have chosen the XBee S2 module which is working in the 2 4 GHz band to transmit and receive data serially We have configured the ZigBee module through X CTU software In our system network the five sensor module data converse with the single sink module which is coupled to a Raspberry pi The private area network ID is same as the developed sensor and the sink module If the working of the setup is correct the network connection between the sensor modules and the sink node is automatically established Every sensor sends its data to the coordinators for every 4s We have used the unlicensed 2 4 GHz frequency band Sensing Units We have used five different types of sensors
17. s and Reviews 41 1 120 129 Chun Liang Hsu Sheng Yuan Yang Wu Wei bin 2010 3C intelligent home appliance control system Example with refrigerator Expert Systems with Applications 37 6 4337 4349 Dong Her Shih Hsiu Sen Chiang Binshan Lin 2010 An Embedded Mobile ECG Reasoning System for Elderly Patients IEEE Trans Information Technology in Biomedicine 14 3 854 865 Eisenhauer M P Rosengren and P Antolin 2009 A development platform for integrating wireless devices and sensors into ambient intelligence systems in Proc 6th Annu IEEE Commun Soc Sensor Mesh Ad Hoc Commun Netw Workshops pp 1 3 Gao Mingming Shaoliangshan Huixiaowei Sungingwei 2010 The System of Wireless Smart House Based on GSM and ZigBee in Proc ICICTA 10 3 1017 1020 Gill K Shuang Hua Yang Fang Yao Lu Xin 2009 A Zigbee based home automation system IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 55 2 422 430 Guangming Song Zhigang Wei Weijuan Zhang Aiguo Song 2007 Design of a Networked Monitoring System for Home Automation IEEE Trans Consumer Electron 53 3 933 937 Hanwei Electronics CO LTD 2011 MQ 5 GAS Sensor Technical Datasheet pp 1 2 Hui Huang Hsu Po Kai Chen Chi Yi Lin 2010 RFID based danger prevention for home safety in Proc ISAC 10 56 60 Hyung Bong Lee Lae Jeong Park Sung Wook Park Tae Yun Chung Jung Ho Moon 2010 Int
18. uencies such as 850MHz 900 MHz 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz to send SMS Rhydo Technologies 2011 The modem is designed with RS232 level converter circuitry which allows it to be connected to the microcontroller serial interface It also has TCP IP stack which enables the microcontroller to connect to internet via GPRS An 445 Mrutyunjaya Sahani et al 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 9 16 Special 2015 Pages 441 448 SMS activation system is implemented which detects abnormal behaviour and communicates with a remote tele care centre the clients and their caregivers Barnes 1998 The SMS module consists of a GSM modem and a control program The control program GSM dial up and communication protocol are stored in the embedded gateway and the GSM modem is connected to the Raspberry pi via serial interface to the switching module The SMS module acts as an interface between the embedded processor and the GSM network enabling the system login to the network and making the system ready for any data transfer and communication The module takes the Google 9 Gmail 4 is COMPOSE inbox Temprature Update Important AT command from remote terminal or mobile devices and sends them to switching module via the GSM network Experimental Results The experimental setup shown in Fig 9 is polling the kitchen environment when any parameter exceeds its threshold value the WIU sends the warning notif

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