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MIKE 11 - HydroAsia

1. 50 40 30 20 10 Figure 9 3 Optimisation iteration history 9 6 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 9 6 9 7 9 7 1 aar a R Auto Calibration Example 2 RR Parameters The setup used in the example is a river network including a Branch1 connected to a Branch2 approximately midway reused from example1 The two upper bounds are discharge bounds the downstream boundary is a water level boundary Besides receiv ing water from the upstream boundaries the river network also receives water from Catchment1 and Catchment2 Branch1 receives inflow as distributed lateral inflow from Catchment1 upstream the connection point and Branch2 receive distributed lateral in flow from Catchment2 Both catchments are NAM catchments described with 7 parameters each See the setup for details The objective of the example is Calibrate the model with respect to the NAM parame ters given timeseries of discharge measured at three different locations in the river net work Optimising 14 parameters are not a feasible task within reasonable time and with a suf ficient precision To deal with this fact we start of doing a sensitivity analysis and to de termine the four most important parameters This part is included as Exam ple2 Test2 auc After this the actual calibration is made using parameter optimisation on the four pa rameters depicted from the sensitivity analysis This part is included as Exam ple2 Test2_Optimi
2. 0R 10 Cross section area m 2 2 0 meter 60000 80000 100000 Select Objects Cross section editor Processed data editor Similar cross sections should now be inserted at the downstream end of Main branch and at both ends of Trib branches The cross section file is now saved and closed DHI Water amp Environment 7 13 7 4 MIKE 11 Boundary and Time Series Editor The aim of this exercise is to create time series and boundary conditions The boundary condition at the upstream ends is zero discharge and at the downstream end the water level varies between 5 and 6 meters First the file containing the variation in time of the water level and the discharge must be defined and to do so a new time series file is created from the New item on the File menu The properties for the file should be entered as follows Hle Properties General Information Title Axis Information Start Time Time Step ol days hour minc sec fraction of sec Ma of Timesteps Avis Units Item Information Mame Type Unit A Water Level meter Inskankaneot t a Discharge ras Instantanea 4 Append Item Filtering Figure 7 14 Time series File Properties dialog The format of the start time follows the standard windows format which depending on the configuration of your PC might be different from the above shown Once the OK button is pressed the time variation of the water level can be entered
3. MIKE 11 Editor File Extension e Network editor NWK11 e Cross section editor XNS11 e Boundary editor BND11 e Time series files DFSO e HD parameter file HD11 e AD parameter file AD11 e WO parameter file WQ11 e ST parameter file ST11 e FF parameter file PETI e Rainfall Runoff parameter file RR11 e Simulation editor SIM11 e Result files RES11 Integrating Editors the Simulation Editor MIKE 11 comprises a number of different editors in which data can be implemented and edited independently of each other As a consequence of the system of separated editor files no direct linkage exists between the different editors 1f they are opened individually That is it will not be possible to e g view the locations of cross sections specified in the cross section file in the Graphical view of the network editor Plan plot 1f these editors are opened individually The integration and exchange of information between each of the individual data editors is achieved by use of the MIKE 11 Simulation editor The Simulation Editor serves two purposes 1 It contains simulation and computation control parameters and 1s used to start the simulation 2 It provides a linkage between the graphical view of the network editor and the other MIKE 11 editors Editing of cross sections could be a typical example where cross sections can be selected from the graphical view in order to open the cross sections for editing in the cross sec
4. otherwise refer to the MIKE View User Manual before you begin Please note that even though MIKE View is a user friendly presentation tool for urban drainage systems rivers and canal networks the successful usage of the program requires some basic understanding of the respective hydraulic engineering areas A copy of the result file used by this tutorial is automatically installed on your computer It is located in the Vida directory under Examples1Mike_11 About MIKE 11 and MOUSE Result Files MIKE 11 and MOUSE produce several types of result files which all have one thing in common they contain time series for various variables in the system The result files from the two types of models are distinguished by the file extension Each result file type can contain only certain types of time series which depends on the actual process treated by the model e g runoff sewer network flow river flow pollution transport etc From the MIKE View point of view the result files are hierarchically divided in two groups e Files including the network geographical information e MIKE 11 DSF result file RES11 e MOUSE HD result file PRE e MIKE 11 HD result file RRF MIKE 11 version 3 2 and previous versions and not to be confused with MOUSE Runoff result files which also has the extension RRF but cannot be opened only added e Files without the network geographical files e g Advection Dispersion result file ge
5. I I I I T I I I I I T I I L I I T I I om om om om ee mom 5000 0 10000 0 15000 0 m Figure 8 3 The network plan plot Zooming The zoom function is available in all of the MIKE View graphical presentation windows It is activated by choosing the various zoom tools in the toolbar or by selecting lt Zoom In gt lt Zoom Out gt or lt Zoom Previous gt in the local menu I f you choose Zoom In the cursor changes to a magnifying glass symbol Move it to the location on the plan plot which should be one of the corners of the zoomed in frame Then press the mouse button and drag the cursor across the Horizontal Plan The cursor has again changed shape and the zoom frame rectangle indicates the area which will be included into the zoomed Horizontal Plan window Continue the dragging until you are satisfied with the area included Release the mouse button and the displayed part of the network Horizontal Plan reduces to the framed area only The scroll bars of the Horizontal Plan window make it possible to pan the zoomed frame over the network area Also you can drag the zoom frame rectangle in the Overview window over the network area to the desired position If you would like to see the whole network again use lt Zoom Out gt or lt Zoom Previous gt Viewing Results Selecting result variable and plot type Under the Horizontal Plan lt Options gt lt Plan Type gt select one of the result variable
6. Word Start it and open your report document or create a new one for the exercise Return back to MIKE View adjust the Horizontal Plan to fit your needs in the report and activate the local menu Simply click on the lt Copy Graphics gt option Apparently nothing happens but actually the content of your Horizontal Plan has been copied to the Windows Clipboard Switch again to the text editor position the cursor at the desired location and activate the standard lt Edit gt lt Paste gt function The MIKE View plot is pasted into your document as a fully vectorised graphical image which opens the possibilities for resizing and editing This facility works for any graphical window in MIKE View Viewing Results in a Longitudinal Profile The Horizontal Plan is the working area where items may be selected for all the other presentation modes longitudinal profile time series Q H relations and Cross section animations Selecting a longitudinal profile Let s assume that we want to have a look at the longitudinal profile of the main stream starting from upstream point and down to the boundary point where the river has its connection with the sea Click on the Longitudinal Profile tool in the toolbar He and point with the cursor in the vicinity of the upstream point of VIDAA OVR ch 108 m When the cursor changes to an arrow it means that you can start the selection of the longitudinal profile Click on the branch and the VIDAA
7. type you wish to load e g Time series file simulation file network file etc When integrating information from the pre defined editor files you should initially open the simulation editor file Cali Sim11 Select the Input property page and open a specific editor by pressing the Edit button Please note that two boundary files are enclosed The two files illustrate two different methods for defining boundary conditions i e by extracting time series items from either one or several Time series files 1 CALIT BND11 The three boundary conditions are defined by extracting time series items from three different Time series files DfsO Each time series file contains only one item 2 CALI2 BND11 The three boundary conditions are defined by extracting time series items from only one Time series file The current Time series file contains three items Using the pre defined settings in the Simulation editor for input files the simulation period and time step it is possible to perform a simulation and view the results in the result presentation programme MIKE View DHI Water amp Environment 9 3 MIRI 9 4 Vida The second example is a set up from a stream small river in Denmark named Vid A The set up was developed by DHI for a project conducted in 1997 The Vida set up comprises a main river branch with several smaller tributaries feeding into the main river Boundary conditions are def
8. Environment MIKE 11 A 5 7 4 WQ parameter editor To run a water quality simulation the user should enter the WQ parameters according to the following twelve groups or menu sets ERI ur s Bed sediment Nitrogen contents Nitrification Denitrification Coliforms Mon point pollution interface F contents F exchange with the bed F processes Temperature Uxegen Processes Degradation in the water phase Degradation at the bed Mo af reaeration expression Reaeration temperature coefficient 1 02 Respiration of animals and plants at 0 deg 3 Respiration temperature coefficient li 05 Mas ospgen production by photosynthesis 3 9 Displacement of oxygen production maximum li r Unit for respiration of animals and oxygen production l Global Values _ zzzzzz gt Respiration Production per m I C Respiration Production per m i Figure 5 13 WO Parameter Editor Oxygen processes The oxygen processes parameters are specified in this Menu see Figure The global values will be used by the water WQ module throughout the river system However local values can be substituted for specific river locations Temperature In the temperature menu the location of the river is indicated latitude The following global and or local parameters are specified Maximum absorbed solar radiation Maximum displacement of solar radiat
9. Type a mh hoa 2 TEMPERATURE Des Cd Norma 8 amome ma Nmmd 4 nae mgt Nomad 5 BOD SUSPENDED mgt Nomad B JBOD DISSOLVED mai Moma Figure 5 11 AD Parameter Editor 5 26Dul Water amp Environment MIKE 11 gt lt Components In this page the name unit and component type must be specified for each of the substances components to be included in the Advection Dispersion computations Unit and component type Normal Single Layer Cohesive Multi Layer cohesive or Non cohesive must be selected from the corresponding combo box To activate the combo box activate e g the unit field and press the down arrow appearing after the field has been selected The Fill WQ Components button can be used to automatically define the WQ model to be used in a WQ computation After selection of the WQ model type and level the component table is automatically filled with the component names units and order of components The order of components is very important if you are performing a WQ simulation Dispersion The dispersion coefficient and factors are specified in this page Dispersion can be specified as a function of the flow velocity calculated by the following expression D Vs where D is the dispersion coefficient V is the flow velocity f is the dispersion factor ex is a dimensionless exponent Minimum and maximum dispersion coefficient values are specified to lim
10. Wind If the user wishes to include Wind shear stress it is required that a time variable boundary condition for Wind Field are included in the simulation The Wind Field boundary condition consists of specifications for Wind direction towards North and the Wind velocity In the Wind page of the HD Parameter dialog the user can activate the usage of Wind field in the computation by activating the Include Wind check box The time varying boundary condition defines the wind field but local variations must often be taken into consideration This can be done by specifying a topographic wind factor topo factor and if a topo factor is defined for a particular reach the wind velocity used in the computations will be applied as the velocity multiplied by the topo factor Bed Resistance The resistance number must be specified in this page The resistance number can have one of three different forms of which Manning s M is default Manning sn Mannings M M 1 n Chezy number Two approaches exist Uniform Section and Tripple Zone When the Uniform Section approach is selected the specified resistance number will be valid all over the section If the Tripple Zone approach is selected the cross sections are divided into three zones and a resistance number must be specified for each zone The resistance number specified on this menu 1s multiplied by the resistance factor specified for a given cross section and water level in the process
11. also assist you in your effort to build models applying the MIKE 11 software If you have any questions regarding DHI training courses do not hesitate to contact us Comments and Suggestions Success in perception of the information presented in this document together with the user s general knowledge of river systems hydrology hydrodynamics and experience in numerical modelling is essential for getting a maximum benefit from MIKE 11 This implies that the quality of the documentation in terms of presentation style completeness and scientific competence constitutes an important aspect of the software product quality DHI will therefore appreciate any suggestion that will contribute to the improved overall quality of the future editions of MIKE 11 Please give your contribution via e mail fax or letter 2 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 3 1 3 2 WELCOME TO MIKE 11 Introduction Welcome to MIKE 11 The release of MIKE 11 version 4 back in 1997 started a new era for the most widely applied dynamic modelling tool for rivers and channels MIKE 11 is part of the new generation of DHI software based on the MIKE Zero concept comprising a fully Windows integrated Graphical User Interface which conforms to the evolving standards for Windows based software However the well known and well tested computational core of the previous MIKE 11 generation the Classic version remains MIKE 11 is a true 32 bit application s
12. com paring simulated and measured results Figure 2 2 5 1 shows the measured and the simulated water levels The correspondence between the measured water levels blue line and the water levels simulated with the calibrated model red line is very good In order to verify that it is not just due to a good starting guess and a model only slightly dependent on the NAM parameters the water levels simulated with the initial guess NAM parameters is also included green line It is seen that in the period of heavy rain the uncalibrated model does not model the correct disharges 9 1 pui Water amp Environment MIKE 11 Branch1 39166 150 100 50 00 00 2000 01 11 Branch1 87827 00 01 21 00 00 01 31 00 300 200 100 00 00 00 00 00 00 2000 01 11 01 21 01 31 Branch2 36993 100 50 00 00 00 2000 01 11 01 21 00 00 01 31 00 Figure Measured versus simulated water levels in the three measurement locations Blue line measured Red line calibrated simulation Green line Initial value simulation The result shows that for this set of data it was indee NAM parameters d possible to calibrate the model using just 2 Parameter Used for generation of Parameter optimisation measurements DIG LR CQOFI 0 300 cri 1000 scd ma s im 8 MM 0 414 1000 fixed DHI Water amp Environme
13. components A non cohesive component is defined using the data section at the bottom of the page Ice Model This property page contains parameter information for the MIKE 11 Ice module Additional Output The additional output page contains check boxes which can be used to store internal model parameters in an additional AD result file The name of the additional AD result file is similar to the AD result file name Only difference is that an additional string ADADD is added to the filename of the AD result file name Example if the AD result filename is ADRES1 RES11 the name of the additional output file would be ADRES1ADADD RES11 ST parameter editor To run a non cohesive sediment transport simulation it is required to give specifications on e g sediment grain size grain diameters to calculate the correct transport and eventual morphological changes MIKE 11 permits the computation of non cohesive sediment transport capacities together with corresponding accumulated erosion sedimentation rates using several different transport and calculation models The MIKE 11 sediment transport model operates in two modes e Explicit sediment transport model In the explicit model the sediment transport computations are based either on the results from an existing HD result file or from a HD computation made in parallel using characteristic transport parameters Sediment transport is calculated in time and space as an explic
14. each of the result files loaded But if you load more result files e g one from MIKE 11 and the other from MOUSE or two MIKE 11 result files a synchronised animation can be made also for two Horizontal Plan windows To make sure that your windows are synchronised select lt Animation gt lt Synchronize All Plots gt Next time you start the animation all windows will be in motion Each of the windows can individually be excluded from the synchronised animation This switch 1s available under the local menu of the window Viewing Time Series Time series graphs are usually the most relevant graphs for the system analyses MIKE View allows you to see any of the existing time series from the loaded result files to view them in combination with the measured data and to create time series graphs with all possible time series combinations Selecting a time series Let s assume that the water level is of our primary interest Click the F button Select Gridpoint in the toolbar and select Water Level as the variable Select the RES11 file in case you have multiple files added to the current project and either point the cursor to a point in the horizontal plan or press the List button to select the Time series location from a table Please note that if you selects the point from the plan plot you are kept informed in the info bar lower left corner of the MIKEView window on which point you are actually pointing at The curs
15. files to be used in the simulation The type of input files necessary for the simulation is identified by the colour of the edit fields If the field is white the field can be edited and a file must be selected If the field is grey dimmed it is a non editable field and the specific input file is not required for the simulation One exception though is the edit field RR Results RES11 which is used to specify an input file from the Rainfall Runoff simulation only If you do not require any runoff input from a Rainfall Runoff simulation this field should just be left blank Input files can be located in any directory on the disk Use the En button to browse a specific input file in a file selection box If a filename has been specified in a filename field you can use the Edi button to open the file in its corresponding editor Simulation property page In the Simulation property page information on the simulation period time step and type of initial condition must be specified Further the user can select if a fixed time step a tabulated time step or an adaptive time step should be used or Simulation F eriad Time step type Time step Fized time step E m 5 Simulation Start Simulation End Period m 08 1950 o 03 1990 12 00 00 Apply Default ST time step multiplier i HH time step multiplier i There are two ways of specifying the simulation period 1 Specify manually the simulation start and end time
16. in future it is possible to protect the processed data for specific sections by activating the Protect Data check box Please note that the Data Status group is not an editable field The value of the data status is only an information to the user whether the data has been edited or updated during the period where the processed data editor has been activated Additional features of the processed data editor comprises e Modification of levels in processed data table If the number of levels and or the level values must be modified this is possible in the Levels for Processed data dialog activated by pressing the Levels button Select the level selection method the min and max level and number of levels and press the recompute button to determine the new levels for the processed data If the levels are satisfying press the OK button to close the Levels dialog e Delete and re compute The entire content of the processed data table can be deleted by pressing the Delete button and DHI Water amp Environment 5 1 7 Gr n CD MIKE 11 5 6 5 6 1 recomputed using the automatically or user defined levels by pressing the Recompute button e View Raw data Pressing the View Raw Data button activates the raw data editor That is the raw data editor is made active opened in case it has been closed down If the Synchronise Raw Data check box is activated the raw data editor is synchronised with the p
17. network components E g automatic connection of branches following logical user defined specifications automatic generation of boundary conditions at all open ends and automatic update of chainages in the entire network in case points have been added moved or deleted e Longitudinal profile The Longitudinal profile feature is only available if the network file has been opened through a simulation editor where a cross section file is associated It is required to associate information on cross sections as the bed and bank levels are presented in the longitudinal profile Activate the Longitudinal feature in the View menu from the Main menu bar Place the cursor 5 6 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 5 4 2 SS at a branch and click with the left mouse button to select the upper branch in the profile notice that the branch is highlighted and the cursor changes symbol when a branch can be selected Secondly place the cursor at the branch which should the end branch in the profile and click with the mouse button MIKE 11 investigates the number of possible profiles following the path from the first branch to the last and if more than one possibility exist a profile selection dialog will appear Select a profile from the dialog to present the longitudinal profile in a separate window If only one path exists from the first to the last selected branch a window containing the longitudinal profile will appear immediately e Metafile o
18. or in a composite channel cross section the variation in roughness can be included by entering a relative resistance different from 1 for a part of the section The resistance is normally given relative to that of the main riverbed A relative resistance greater than 1 0 indicates higher roughness and vice versa The marker column lists the location of marker one two and three each representing the river s left bank bed and right bank respectively It is important to notice that only the part of a section which lies between marker 1 and 3 is included when calculating the processed data That is parts of a section can be omitted from the computation by adjusting the location of markers e g if a flood plain is included in the cross section data The user can modify the location of markers 5 1 ADHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 C e Graphical View The graphical view displays the raw cross section selected in the tree view Depending on the current settings in the Change Options page opened from the Cross section item in the Settings menu the graphical view will overlay multiple cross sections with previous selections displayed as a watermark Selecting clear in the local pop up menu tight mouse button clears the history graphical display Apart from the river name topo ID and chainage it is required to consider whether some of the other variables identifying each cross section should be altered These are e R
19. selected type of computation e g the HD Parameter Editor contains information on the bed resistance as a significant variable for the hydraulic computations All parameter editors are designed as dialogs containing a number of property pages in which specific data can be entered Clicking the corresponding tab in the editor dialog will activate a property page HD parameter editor To run a hydrodynamic computation it is required to create a HD Parameter file The HD parameter editor offers a possibility of specifying user defined values for a number of variables used during the hydrodynamic computation The HD parameter editor is shown in Figure 5 10 5 22DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 e sada_07 HD11 Modified E 11 Reach Lengths Add Output Flood Plain Resist User Def Marks Encroachment Heat Balance Stratification Time Seres Output Maps MIKE 12 Parameters MIKE 12 Initial Initial Wind Bed Resist Bed Resist Toolbox Wave Approx Default Values Quast Steady Initial conditions Global Values Water Level 0 400001 le Water Level Discharge 0 C Water Depth Local Values River Name Chainage Initial h Initial Q 1 SBOD sBs st 0000000 1 06 E SEDD _SBS sk 200 00000 1 06 3 SBDD SB9 sE 100 00000 1 21 4 S5BO0D_5B69 st 1000 0000 1 21 5 SBDD_5B10 5 0 000000 1 21 B SBDD SB10 s 200 00000 1 21 Figure 5 10 HD Parameter Editor Initial Before starting
20. st11 MIKET11 FF Parameters fF1 1 MIKE Correlation Analysis and Gap Filling Par MIKE 11 Batch Simulation b1 7 Hiver Channel Designs RCDH 1 MIKE11 ECO Lab ecolabl 1 Data Assimilation dal1 MIKE 21 Flow Model m21 Figure 5 3 File open dialog including file type selection combo box After selection of the editor file to open the corresponding editor will be automatically opened with the content of the selected editor file The content of the loaded data file can now be modified Upon termination of an input editing session the editor file is saved by selecting File Save from the main menu bar You are automatically prompted to specify an editor filename IMPORTANT NOTICE When saving editor files please specify the full filename including the specific extension for the editor file used It is essential that all input files are saved with the correct extension before a simulation is performed Example saving a Network editor file with the name TEST you should specify TEST NWK11 to ensure that all files holds the right extension as this is a must in order for the simulation part of MIKE 11 to work properly DHI Water amp Environment 5 3 Gr n C MIKE 11 5 2 2 5 3 5 4 File types MIKE 11 includes multiple editors each operating on different types of data Data from these editors must be saved in separate editor files utilising the default MIKE 11 file extensions as listed below
21. system Show these variables as Max and as Animation see Figure 8 4 8 8 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 B 74 E eer 741 ES Horizontal Plan YIDA96 3 10511 B 553 667 E 519 583 m DEPTH Maximum lDA986 3 res 11 B 444 519 i B 370 444 ds RE aa po Moccia QNS diode DEED IE oo M 29 370 ecu E A A EE NT DENEN ise Pe TE M 222 236 y 3 B 148 22 Bim eee X EE ES roe pone oos peces eS Woo 148 B 00 074 5000 0 m AS AS AR ONE Du D A EN lt 00 7000 0 7 cae a ae I E ME ae da lur 5000 0 Ero e deste ly pee ice uc acp oy 5000 0 Gr rss decae s aaa kien aque A ee cds papas acai 4000 0 pm E eee ie sni ie perle I 3900 po m aS c dE en MIENNE oT poe ee cas O a gt uc poc cc iiim 2000 0 4000 0 6000 0 8000 0 100000 412000 0 144000 0 146000 0 180000 m Figure 8 4 Maximum Depth for the simulated event Adjusting Min Max range and colour palette In reality you are not interested in seeing the negative flooding displayed i e the situation where the water levels are contained within the surface levels as specified in the MIKE 11 model This problem can be easily solved by adjusting the Min and Max of the displayed range Activate the lt Change Palette Intervals gt function in the Horizontal Plan local menu and change the Min to zero You may also change the Max v
22. 11 User Manual previously distributed with the MIKE 11 Classic versions Consequently the User Manual in the new generation of MIKE 11 is an on line feature The online Help can be activated in several ways depending on the user s requirement 1 Use the Help R button To see the description of a specific functionality press the Help button and move the to point and click in an editor page or on one of the edit buttons available in the editor Please note that this help feature is only available in the network editor 2 lt F1 gt key seeking help on a specific activated editor page To access the help associated with a specific editor property page press the lt F1 gt key on the keyboard after opening the editor and activating the specific property page 3 Open the online Help system for scrolling manually after a specific help page Open the online Help system by selecting Help in the main menu bar DHI Water amp Environment 4 3 MIKE 11 9 1 5 2 5 2 1 Working with the MIKE 11 User Interface MIKE Zero Project Files With version 2007 of MIKE 11 and other MIKE Zero based software products a new concept and a range of new features for managing modelling projects has been introduced The following documents provide further details on how to use these features C Program Files DHI MIKEZero Manuals MIKE_ZERO MIKEZeto pdf C Program Files DHI MIKEZero Manuals MIKE_ZERO MIKE_Zero_Step_By_Step pdf MIKE 11
23. 2 00 and select this point by activating the check mark in the first column Press the Draw Graph button to draw the Time Series in a new Windows After this open the right mouse pop up menu and choose External TS gt in order to open the External Time Series View DHI Water amp Environment 8 11 MINE External Time Series M4234 0 Ur Cancel Paste Load Text File Load Database Rename Use first y axis hil Info Figure 8 5 The External Time Series View Jl Ely a NR NN Click on the Load DFSO gt button and find the file M4234 Q DFSO Select the file and MIKE View are loading the time series which can then be used for compatison with the simulated series In order to get the time series displayed in the graph you should select it by clicking with the mouse on the time series identifier Before confirming your selection with lt OK gt select Use second y axis from the list This will cause the Water level and the discharge to be shown with each their y axis 8 12 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 9 1 9 2 Demo Set up included in the DHI CD Rom Introduction Setting up a river model especially for new users of MIKE 11 typically introduces some initial problems on how to schematise the natural river in the mathematical model which input data ate required how to combine the measured series of hydrometric data and topographical surveys etc etc To reduce the amount
24. 2 Processed data view The Processed data view is opened by pressing the View Processed Data button in the Raw Data View The Processed data view also contains a tree view as described above a tabular and a graphical view see Figure 5 6 The graphical display can be altered by selecting the desired parameter from the pop down list at the top of the page VIDASE 1 24N511 2 Modified Cross section area VIDAA MAG TOPO 92 616 River name viDA amp MAG Tapo ID TOPO 92 Chainage ETE Data status Protect data Updated Notupdated Edited by user Cross St C section Radius arque storage ance iis width ance area Re 1120 01 e aee idee uum Webs ca 62 0114 122510 097 361 800 0 000 1200 130415 foe muon EZ 0304 2001500924 458800 0 000 1 000 222131 EST B 0550 318595 0882 473700 0000 1000 312883 M Synchronize raw data Delete All View Raw Data Levels Zoom In Zoom Out Previous Zoom v Grid Clear history w History enabled Figure 5 6 Cross section processed data editor view The tabular view contains processed data automatically calculated from the raw data The processed data contains corresponding values of Water level Cross sectional area Radius Storage width and conveyance Additional storage area surface area can also be specified as a function of the water level If data has been altered and it is required to keep the data unchanged
25. DispBranch2 DHI Water amp Environment 9 13 9 11 9 12 Objective Function Auto Calibration Example 4 Manning number xns11 file This example demonstrates calibration of the HD module included in Mike11 The calibration is made by parameter optimisation on the Manning numbers specified in the cross section editor The objective of the example is Calibrate the model with respect to Manning s n given maximum water level measuted in two flood events at two different locations in the river Parameter optimisation XNS11 Parameters The Manning numbers specified in the XNS11 file can be auto calibrated through use of the feature Resistance Number Calibration found in the Cross Section menu of the cross section editor The data specified in this table are saved in a separate file with the same name as the xns11 file but with extension xns11r This is an ASCII file as required for auto calibration We want to calibrate the Manning s n at three chainages 0 55970 and 108080 and interpolated values should apply in between The maximum water levels are measured at chainage 27395 and 76810 during two flood events Measured data are stored in ac obs peak1 dfs0 and ac obs peak2 dfs0 Each file contains two items one for each location but there is only one value in each item and this is the measured maximum water level during each of the periods c
26. E SOFTWARE YOU HAVE ACCEPTED THAT THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR THE MAXIMUM LEGALLY APPLICABLE SUBSET OF THESE LIMITATIONS APPLY TO YOUR PURCHASE OF THIS SOFTWARE About MIKE 11 and the present Manual MIKE 11 developed by DHI Water amp Environment is a software package for simulating flows water quality and sediment transport in estuaries rivers irrigation channels and other water bodies This manual provides a short description of MIKE 11 and in particular MIKE 11 with emphasis on the basic features and usage of the fully Windows integrated Graphical User Interface of MIKE 11 Additionally a tutorial is described with the aim of introducing MIKE 11 to users with no or very little experience with MIKE 11 and guide them through the set up and simulation of a simple river system Presentation of results from MIKE 11 is carried out with MIKE View MIKE View is a Windows based result presentation and reporting tool for both MIKE 11 and MOUSE MOUSE developed by DHI is a software package for simulating surface runoff flows water quality and sediment transport in urban catchments and sewer systems A tutorial is described in order to familiarise MIKE 11 users with the features and usage of MIKE View More detailed description of MIKE View is supplied in a separate MIKE View manual DHI Water amp Environment 1 af Gr n C MIKE 11 1 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 A The MIKE 11 User Guide and MIKE 11 Reference Manual comple
27. Editor Files File handling With respect to file handling MIKE 11 is operated just like any other Windows application That is all file related operations are performed through the File menu on the Main Menu bar Please note that the content of the File menu will change depending on which MIKE 11 editor is in focus at the time where the File menu is opened An example of the File menu is shown in Figure 5 1 MIKE Zero cali simi1 Megs Edit view Window Help iee Open Fr Close Close Project Save Chrl 5 Save All Chrl ShiFt 5 Save 45 Save Project As Template YES Control k Print Setup Print Preview Print Ctrl P Recent Files k Recent Projects Recent Log Files k Options Exit Figure 5 1 File menu from MIKE 11 Main Menu bar Creating new editor files DHI Water amp Environment 5 1 MIKE 11 To create a new editor file select File from the main menu bar and choose New gt File to open the New dialog alternatively press Ctrl N see Figure 5 2 Expand the tree view in the dialog by clicking or double clicking the MIKEZero and MIKE 11 icons The tree view in the New dialog shows a list of available Data editors in the MIKEZero environment New File Product Types Documents E MIKE Zero Mi simulation sim11 c Ji River Network f nwkl 1 MIKE 21 WE cross sections xns11 1 MIKE 3 fk Boundary Condition bnd11 MIKE 21 3 Integrated Models BERR Pa
28. MIKE 11 S lt MIKE 11 a Modelling System for Rivers and Channels Short Introduction Tutorial Version 2007 WATER amp ENVIRONMENT MIKE 11 A CONTENTS I PREFACE aos 1 1 Ib COPE 3 arr mr a muet mui tuU MM LE LL b M uud 1 1 Le A A A LLLI or 1 1 1 9 pour MESE T1 andthe present Manual a a 1 2 BEFORE XOU BEGLINL eE EEEO 2 1 24 Rodo OUPO O 2 1 22 IDETIDTIaunns COUP SO ud ee ettet o euis cds Mss M sta M PME 2 2 2 Comments and SUC OCS OMS ais iaa 2 2 3 WELCOME TOM K Te tr ies 3 1 Dr SENEBOGHUI CELO Sion OOO NOS A ates a cena ea coche cas did tristis ebat c I es Rabun tee 3 1 9 2 ORo Descuption or NLC CI icc ralla 3 1 Pe MIE did 3 2 A 3 2 4 GETLNGSTAR LEDS 4 1 d lat ware Requiem ts dado 4 1 42 J stalladgonos MU ao 4 1 Aa e Do A euis st mI SU EUR OUS 4 1 dde MIKE Otilia Helboachsootedohodonede tet Eod dtt toad 4 3 5 WORKING WITH THE MIKE 11 USER INTERFACE e eee eee eene nnne 5 1 Dub ANNIE Leto eC CS ahs oat oet ut eei uc MSc tete dh ete beoe 5 1 52 MIKE DL it Piles aio 5 1 5 2 1 a Ota eee rye 5 1 2 212 AP T 5 4 53 Jufeeratine Editors the Simulat Om BIO der bate rot et tte teet 5 4 54 Workin withthe Network Bator aae nido 5 4 5 4 1 Grapluical e greeter meen aren dido NR MS 5 5 5 4 2 TA e te A SIE 5 7 5 5 Wotking withthe Crossssec On Eid Oi asst oto pep uA Att eut Potts Patr D i povesiens 5 13 5 5 1 Dou dt rede tono MEM Du M DEM M atu eL o tact 5 13 5 52 POC Ss GIA a NC to
29. MOS pec CANONE sica 9 14 dud MO IM o S E O O Ud 9 15 PS ODECE UM CHO NSSE EEE AEE E A 9 15 LIZE A a N E 9 15 DHI Water amp Environment it MIKE 11 1 1 1 2 1 3 PREFACE Copyright This document refers to proprietary computer software protected by copyright All rights are reserved Copying or other reproduction of this manual or the related programs is prohibited without prior written consent of DHI Water amp Environment DHT For details please refer to your DHI Software Licence Agreement Limited Liability The liability of DHI is limited as specified in Section III of your DHI Software Licence Agreement IN NO EVENT SHALL DHI OR ITS REPRESENTA TIVES AGENTS AND SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS OR SAVINGS BUSINESS INTERRUPTION LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR THE INABILITY TO USE THIS DHI SOFTWARE PRODUCT EVEN IF DHI HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES THIS LIMITATION SHALL APPLY TO CLAIMS OF PERSONAL INJURY TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW SOME COUNTRIES OR STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL DAMAGES AND ACCORDINGLY SOME PORTIONS OF THESE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU BY YOUR OPENING OF THIS SEALED PACKAGE OR INSTALLING OR USING TH
30. OVR branch changes colour to green Continue the selection by clicking at each branch or in the direction along the desired path MIKE View paints your selections bold green When you arrive to the last branch MIKE View recognises the end of the path and proposes that the selection is closed Confirm and choose the type of variable which you would like to show in the longitudinal profile The default selection is Water Levels Note If you have selected a wrong branch deselect the last selected branch by clicking on the mouse button and pressing the Shift key at the same time or simply press Backspace Animating a longitudinal profile At first resize and reposition the Longitudinal Profile window until you are satisfied with the appearance You can also as in the Horizontal Plan zoom in zoom out and control various display options by opening the Options View from the local menu The animation is started in exactly the same way as in the Horizontal Plan Just click on the Run tool in the toolbar Synchronising animations If you want the animation in two or more windows can be fully synchronised This means that the animation in each of the open Horizontal Plan and Longitudinal Profile windows will elapse synchronously and that you can follow the system dynamics from several angles simultaneously 8 1 puHi Water amp Environment MIKE 11 8 11 SS You can only have one Horizontal Plan window opened with
31. Path gt Examplel1Selection txt MakeDfs0 lt Path gt Example3 ADTest3 res11 lt Path gt Example3 SimulatedResults 2 As Model Parameter file the AD11 file of the Mike11 setup is specified since that is where the dispersion and decay coefficients are specified After browsing Example3 Test3 AD11 AUTOCAL fills in the Template file as Example3ATest3_Autocal AD11 Test1_Autocal AD11 is edited and the dispersion and decay coefficients are marked for optimisation by giving it the value 1 01e 035 1 02e 035 and 1 03e 035 Finally the Parameter optimisation is chosen as the Simulation option 9 10 2 Model Parameters The are four model parameters the global dispersion coefficient the global decay coefficient and the upstream and downstream dispersion coefficient in Branch2 The first three is defined as variables where as the latter is set as dependent and equal to the dispersion coefficient in the upstream end of the branch 9 10 3 Objective Functions The ate five output measures defined combining into one objective function The output measures are comparison of time series of concentration at three locations in the branch 1 and two in branch 2 The comparisons are given different weights The remaining pages are left unaltered 9 10 4 Results The results of the auto calibration are shown in the following figures It is seens that the two dispersion coefficients and the decay rate is calibrated to the value expected DispBranch1
32. R11 Test2_Optimisation _Autocal RR11 is edited and the two NAM parameters for each catchment are marked for optimisation by specifying their values as 1 01e 035 1 04e 035 Finally Parameter Optimisation is chosen as the Simulation option 9 8 2 Model Parameters The model parameter table 1s partly filled out automatically AUTOCAL lists all the pa rameters recognised for the sensitivity analysis and allows the user to specify Name Parameter type Initial Value Lower bound Upper bound and Transformation We will reuse the settings for the four parameters from the sensitivity analysis DHI Water amp Environment 9 9 Gr a C MIKE 11 9 8 3 9 8 4 9 8 5 Upper bound Ma o o J o 1 coor 05 0 a Maa wo 0 o coors 05 9 i Objective Functions The same output measures and objective function as for the sensitivity analysis is used Parameter Optimisation The optimisation parameters are left unaltered The optimisation should preferably stop before the 500 model evaluation since convergence should be obtained such that the criteria saying that the best solution should vary less than 1 within the last three iteration loops Results Convergence of the optimisation is obtained after 296 model evaluations and the solution found is LMAX1 CQOF1 LMAX2 CQOF2 481 7 0 300 47 8 0 414 The correct solution is not known so we will evaluate the quality of the calibration by
33. Settings Property Page in the help system for more details DHI Water amp Environment 7 5 MIKE 11 Metwork Settings Graphics Mouse Network Data ll select and Edit Points Drawn az Network Y CosSecins M1Ddisply X O Olalofo Aly l X Cross Section Vic Cross Section Cor Color EA A Point fill style White v Cross Section Che Points Alignment Points Alignment Lines Vegetation zones apla Line style Vegetation ones Dead Water Zone Color tr Polygorn fill style Dead Water one Branches Branch Conmectic Labels Text Drawn az Connection Label Were Culverts si Color O Background style 2 Lines Polygons Drawn as Thickness ll v ul Y ll Justification Figure 7 6 Network settings dialog Defining and connecting additional branches The e tool can be used to create the points and branch in one operation Alternatively the points can be defined in one operation and the branch in another by using the z tool followed by one of the tools ed Of In the figure below eight points in a tributary have been digitised using the Ed tool Note that the points appear in the list of points in the tabular view but there 1s yet no information on which branch the points belongs to 7 6 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 2 MIKE Zero Tut
34. a computation the user must select how the initial conditions will be specified MIKE 11 can automatically compute a steady state profile in the river or the channel network compatible with the given boundary conditions at the specific computation start time in the simulation editor Alternatively the initial conditions may be obtained either from an existing result file a so called Hotstart or from manually specified initial conditions of corresponding values for Water levels and Discharges in the entire network at the start time of the computation A global initial condition water level and discharge can be entered This global condition is applied throughout the model unless otherwise specified It is possible to specify a number of river reaches or channel reaches Local values where initial values of water level and discharge different from the global values are to be applied The values entered for the initial water levels can also be interpreted as water depths by using the radio bottom Figure 5 10 shows an example of such a specification A global water level of 2 5 m and a global discharge of 12 m s have been specified In the branch RIVER 1 between chainage 0 m and 2500 DHI Water amp Environment 5 2 3 Gr n C MIKE 11 m alternative conditions are given These indicate that the initial water level varies linearly between 2 3 m and 2 5 m and the discharge between 10 m s and 12 m s in the specified river reach
35. adius type The user must define which method to apply when calculating the hydraulic radius in the processed data table Three methods are available Resistance radius Hydraulic radius using the total flow area and Hydraulic radius using the effective flow area The effective flow area is the calculated area where the effect of altered relative resistance values is included e Section type Section type can be defined as open default closed irregular closed circular or closed rectangular In case of a closed section the hydraulic radius using total area is always used and MIKE 11 automatically introduces a Preissman slot when calculating the processed data table in order to allow the computation of pressurised flow e Datum Datum adjustment will be added to all z co ordinates and all levels when calculating the processed data In this way it is possible to link a local datum with a global datum or to correct for benchmark errors in the raw data e Divide section During a model computation typically a morphological sediment transport computation the section can be divided horizontally typically between in bank and over bank flow levels If this is required the level of divide feature must be activated and the level specified Definition of the above parameters can be done for each cross section However it is also possible to apply settings globally to all sections in the cross section file through the Apply to all sections in the S
36. al Distribution Uniform Uniform Resistance Type Relative resistance Mark B 1 000 1 0 000 100 2 jJ 10 000 1 000 3 jJ Water Level Synchronize processed data Insert Cross Section View Processed Data i i i Update processed data automatically a RA 2 Update Markers al A j Cross section X data meter 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 x 46525 097 y 96332 046 Main ch 0 UD Point 1 Select Objects Figure 7 12 Cross section editor raw data editor Once the raw data has been entered the button View Processed Data should be pressed to display the processed data tables 7 12 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 gt The processed data will be calculated when the Recompute button is pressed MIKE Zero Tutorial ns11 File Edit View Cross Sections Settings Window Help Ose BR Oe Tutorial sim1i1 Tutorial xns11 1 Modified Tutorial xns11 2 Modified River name Topo ID Chainage 0 00 Data status Updated O Notupdated Edited by user C Protect data Cross St Add Resist c 2 section RT storage ance eet area v area factor 9 E 3 Water Level Synchronize raw data v Synchronize processed data Update processed data automatically View Processed Data Update Markers 20000 40000 x 46525 097 y 96332 046 Main ch 0 UD Point 1 Figure 7 13 OO
37. alue to be some round number Confirm your settings and have a look at the plan plot Initially the whole network is grey indicating that there is no flooding When you start the simulation only those parts of the system where the flooding actually occurs changes colours according to the palette The palette may be controlled in many ways Click the right mouse button while in the palette window and examine the possibilities If you do not like the colours on the palette you may change them with the palette editor Just double click on the colour you want to change and the editor opens Similarly if the range intervals are not suitable for your presentation double click on the value which you want to edit It is recommended that you spend some time playing with the palette It will pay off when you can efficiently apply your new experience in future work Moreover if you create a custom palette of a more general applicability or if you want to have it at hand next time you work with MIKE View just save the palette settings into a PAL file Next time load it and your own palette will be there again DHI Water amp Environment 8 9 SS MIKE 11 8 10 Exporting the horizontal plan You will often be in a situation where you want to include some of the MIKE View graphs into your text report With MIKE View there is nothing easier Of course your word processor should be a true Windows application with Copy and Paste facilities e g
38. alues of 0 035 0 015 and 0 080 s m named n1 n2 and n3 The parameters are Objective Functions The are four output measures two flood events at two locations defined combining into one objective function The output measures compares measured and simulated maximum water level Autocal can not compare measured and simulated at a number of time steps during the simulation as only the maximum measured value is known Autocal is configured to do so by setting the statistical type to Error of max Autocal selects the maximum simulated water level in the same period as covered by the dfsO file Le the autocalibration using Error of Max is not sensitive to the timing of peaks Note that in this example the dfsO files with observed data contains only one valid data set for each item However the period which the dfsO files cover mainly with empty delete values is important as it is used for picking the simulated max values as well The remaining pages are left unaltered Results The results of the auto calibration are shown in the following figures N1 n2 and n3 is calibrated to be 0 05 0 04 and 0 03 s m respectively 100 00 200 00 300 00 100 00 200 00 300 00 Objective Function 100 00 200 00 300 00 100 00 200 00 300 00 DHI Water amp Environment 9 15
39. ame File Date and Time HD Parameter File v File Parameter File AD Parameter File ST parameter AR Paramete Figure 7 22 Simulation period time step and initial condition selection for simulation 7 22DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 Tutarial sim11 Simulation Result Filename Storing Frequency Unit Of mese Ml Time step Time step Time step Figure 7 23 Specify the result file name DHI Water amp Environment 7 23 MIKE 11 Validation status Fun Parameters HD parameters Validate Validation messages Figure 7 24 Ready to start the simulation press the Start button When the start button is pressed the simulation will start and a the progress of the simulation will be shown in the lower part of the simulation editor MM 02 01 1997 19 22 00 5204 of 8640 35042 B 3i Figure 7 25 Simulation progress dialog Once the simulation is complete the window will disappear and the results of the simulation can be inspected using MIKE View 7 Z24DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 A DHI Water amp Environment 7 25 MIKE 11 8 1 MIKE View TUTORIAL MIKE View in General The MIKE View program has been adopted as the result view
40. arameters button User defined Structures User defined structures is available to create customised structures in MIKE11 When activated the user defined structure will access a DLL Dynamic Link Library written by the user In addtion the DLL can access any variable in MIKE11 through several records Tabulated Structures Tabulated Structures may be used whenever the flow is determined by a user defined relation between the discharge through the structure and the up and downstream water level The relation is entered in a table The relation can be expressed in three ways e The discharge at the structure is given as a function of up and downstream water level e The upstream water level is given as a function of the discharge and the downstream water level e The downstream water level is given as a function of the discharge and the upstream water level Energy Loss The Energy Loss property page is used to define energy losses associated with local flow obstructions such as sudden flow contractions or expansions and gradual or abrupt changes in the river alignment Further a user defined energy loss coefficient can be defined Hydraulic Control MIKE12 The Hydraulic control is used as an internal structure when studying two layered flows using MIKE 12 Routing Kinematic routing can be used to model upstream tributaries and secondary river branches where the main concern is to route the water to the main river system The Kine
41. ardware Requirements MIKE 11 is available for PCs with Microsoft Windows 98 2000 NT XP operating systems Using dynamic memory allocation the required DRAM in MIKE 11 varies depending on the actual set up and model domain As a general guideline we usually recommend minimum 128 Mb DRAM and similarly at least 1Gb of free disk space The simulation time depends on the CPU and as a general guideline we suggest a Pentium II 200 MHz as minimum Installation of MIKE 11 To install MIKE 11 safely please follow the instructions given below If you have a previous version of any MIKE Zero product installed you must uninstall it first This you do in the standard Windows way from Control Panel gt Add Remove Programs After uninstall some files probably remain in your MIKE Zero directory e g C Program Files DHI MIKEZero Vbin Make a backup of any personal files or directories you might have placed in this directory and then delete everything Especially make sure that the bin directory is completely empty It is strongly recommended that you exit all Windows programs you may have running before running the set up program To install MIKE 11 2007 insert the DHI DVD into the DVD drive on your PC with the illustrated surface placed upwards Follow the instructions that appear on the screen The installation program automatically installs all necessary MIKE 11 files and folders to your PC Additionally a DHI Software gt MIKE 11 group is c
42. ary conditions for the tutorial set up The content of the boundary editor can now be saved and the editor closed using the File menu 7 1 8 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 7 5 HD Parameter Editor The final data required to run a simulation is the HD parameters and to define those HD Parameter File is created through the File menu The only parameter to be changed from the default values in this tutorial are the initial water levels This is specified on the left most page of the HD Parameter file as shown The initial water level should be 5 metres Tutorial hd11 Reach Lengths Add Output Flood Plain Resist User Def Marks Encroachment Heat Balance Stratification Time Series Output Maps Groundwater Leakage MIKE 12 Parameters MIKE 12 Initial Initial Wind Bed Resist Bed Resist Toolbox Wave Approx Default Values Quasi Steady Initial conditions Global Values Water Level 5 water Level Discharge n jJ CO Water Depth Local Values River Name Chainage Initial h Initial Q 5 o Figure 7 19 HD Parameter file Initial conditions The contents of the file should be saved and the name of the file should be specified on the input page of the simulation editor DHI Water amp Environment 7 1 9 MRE 7 6 Running a Simulation In order to run the simulation the pages of the sim
43. as follows The discharge values ate to be kept as zeroes 7 f 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 151 Modified Ea tx Tutorial Time 1 h meter 2 0 m 3 s D 01 01 1997 00 00 00 5 i 01 01 1997 06 00 00 5 2 01 01 1927 12 00 00 3 01 01 1997 18 00 00 4 02 01 1997 00 00 00 5 02 01 1997 06 00 00 amp 02 01 1997 12 00 00 7 Jo2 01 1997 18 00 00 8 Jo3 01 1997 00 00 00 a 03 01 1997 06 00 00 10 os 01 1997 12 00 00 11 03 01 1997 18 00 00 12 04 01 1997 S OO A oe on oh or os ceQjoljjjojsmu2msojoijia jcac jo wn 0 0 00 00 00 00 1997 01 01 01 02 Figure 7 15 Time series editor two items included in time series file The content of the time series editor should be saved and closed using the File menu An empty boundary file must now be created similar to the way in which an empty cross section file was created earlier in this tutorial The name of the file should be specified on the Input page of the simulation editor DHI Water amp Environment 7 15 MIKE 11 The location and type of boundaries can now be specified through the network editor where the Pop Up Menu is used to insert the boundary at the down stream end of Main The boundary editor now pops up and the location of the boundaty is automatically transferred as shown below Tutorial bnd11 Modified e Boundary Description Boundary Type Branch Name Chainage Chainage Gate ID Boundary ID Open Water L
44. d in the file are plotted by default The file title specified in the file properties dialog is used as a header on the graphical vies while the item names are displayed in the upper left corner of the plot To activate the pop up menu as shown on figure 5 8 place the cursor in the graphical view and press the right mouse button From the pop up menu you have multiple options like activation of zoom and refresh facilities entrances to modify the appearance of the graphical view enable or disable grid and legends changing colour and styles etc Additionally it is possible to open the File Properties dialog from the pop up menu by 5 20bui Water amp Environment MIKE 11 selecting the Properties entry Thereby it is possible to alter previous property specifications of a specific file e g if you want to add an additional item to the file it must be done through the File Properties dialog 5 6 2 Boundary editor The boundary editor dialog is where boundary conditions are specified for hydrodynamic advection dispersion water quality and sediment transport calculations The boundary editor is shown in Figure 5 9 NF vIDAS6 3 BND11 GRONAA IM teat 8 vosso w 8 Jota we rsyee F eivaue rS Imro Figure 5 9 Boundary editor The definition of a Boundary condition requires the following actions to be performed in the order as listed 1 Specify the location of th
45. days o00010 hour min sec LODO fraction of sec No af Timesteps 4185 ltem Information Mame Type unit TSType Min Max Mean Ok Cancel Help du Insert Append Delete Figure 5 7 Time Series Editor File properties dialog In the file property dialog you must specify information on the time series axis and information on the items series which should be present in the specific dfsO file The axis information comprises e axis type Equidistant or non equidistant intervals calendar axis or time relative to a specified start time or plot of X Y data e start time date format follows the standard definition of Windows e time step given in days hours min sec e number of time steps must always be larger than one Item information comprises e Name of each time series item e Item type e g water level discharge concentration etc e Item Unit e g meter m s g m etc e The TS Type column is used to define different type of time series for different DHI software packages However MIKE 11 does not utilise the I S Type settings in the simulations so this field can just be left unchanged from default e The Min Max and Mean columns are not editable to the user Values to these columns are automatically inserted based on the actual time series data DHI Water Environment 5 1 9 mu Delete ae SAPENA and Deets buttons are us
46. dvection Dispersion Water Quality and Non cohesive sediment transport modules The MIKE 11 HD module solves the vertically integrated equations for the conservation of continuity and momentum i e the Saint Venant equations Applications related to the MIKE 11 HD module include e Flood forecasting and reservoir operation e Simulation of flood control measures DHI Water amp Environment 3 1 3 3 3 4 Gr n C MIKE 11 e Operation of irrigation and surface drainage systems e Design of channel systems e Tidal and storm surge studies in rivers and estuaries The primary feature of the MIKE 11 modelling system 1s the integrated modular structure with a variety of add on modules each simulating phenomenon related to river systems In addition to the HD module described above MIKE 11 includes add on modules for e Hydrology e Advection Dispersion e Models for various aspects of Water Quality e Cohesive sediment transport e Non cohesive sediment transport MIKE 11 MIKE 11 has long been known as a software tool with advanced interface facilities Since the beginning MIKE 11 was operated through an efficient interactive menu system with systematic layouts and sequencing of menus At each stage within the menu tree an on line support was provided by relevant help menu screens It is within than framework where the latest Classic version of MIKE 11 version 3 20 was developed The new generation of MIKE 11 combines the featur
47. e Mannings M given a measured water level timeseries down stream of the junction The example is included as Example1 Test1 auc The setup for generation of the artifi cial measurements is included in the subfolder named Measurements Parameter optimisation HD Parameters The measured water level time series is artificial in the way that it is produced prior to the calibration by running the model with a Manning number of 30 From a validation point of view this is interesting since the correct result of the optimisation is known The correct calibrated model must of course have a Manning number of 30 Simulation specifications Mike 11 produces results in res11 file whereas AUTOCAL evaluates objective functions by comparing dfsO files Hence the hd11 file specifies that time series output is to be generated additionally See the hd11 file As Model Parameter file the HD11 file of the Mike11 setup is specified since that is where the Manning number is specified After browsing Example1 Test1 HD11 AUTOCAL fills in the Template file as Examplel Test1_Autocal HD11 Test1_Autocal HD11 is edited and the Manning number is marked for optimisation by giving it the value 1 01e 035 Finally the Parameter optimisation is chosen as the Simulation option 9 5 1 2 Model Parameters The model parameters table is partly filled out automatically AUTOCAL lists all the pa rameters recognised for optimisation and allows the user to specify Name Parameter t
48. e boundary point and the boundary description and type Location is defined by the river name and the chainage The boundary description e g open point source etc is selected from a combo box activated by pressing the right side of the edit field The boundary type e g water level discharge concentration etc is selected from the Boundary Type combo box Use the o button to select a time series dfsO After defining the location of the boundary point you must associate a time series to be applied at the boundary The time series are kept in separate time series files DFSO and it is required to browse and select a time series file for each boundary definition DHI Water amp Environment 5 21 SS MIKE 11 9 7 9 7 1 The cw button is used to open the selected dfsO file for a specific boundary condition name of the selected file is listed in the Time series File field That is the Edit button 1s a quick way to open a selected dfs0 file in the time series editor Please note that if the Time series file field is empty no file has been selected it will not be possible to use the Edit button Nothing happens if the button is activated Working with Parameter File Editors The MIKE 11 parameter file editors are comprised of the Hydrodynamic Advection Dispersion Water Quality Sediment Transport and Rainfall Runoff editors The Parameter editors contains information on variables related to the
49. e link channel parameters it is required to press the Calculate Q h relations button in order to calculate the link channels Q h table which 1s used in the computation After each modification of any of the link channel parameters it is required to update the Q h table by pressing the button Short description of Link channels Link channels are ideal for modelling the flow paths between e g river and floodplains They play an important role in modelling floodplain inundation and drainage Also floodplain cells can be attached to one end of a link channel The cell is represented as a flooded area versus elevation curve based on the additional flooded area column of a cross section in the MIKE 11 cross section file A link channel can be defined to represent an embankment a natural levee or a tributary Flow paths can be lumped together to reduce the model size 1 e several tributaries and a river levee may be represented in one link 5 8 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 LAA Link structures are similar to a long open culvert Bed levels at the upstream and downstream ends length bed resistance and head loss coefficient can be specified The cross section shape is fixed along the entire length and is defined by a depth width table There is no need for upstream and downstream cross sections as is the case with other structures Each link is treated as a short branch two h points and one Q point Routing No cross
50. e run button the animation will start You may notice that the time elapses in the Clock and that the colours on the plan plot are changing following the discharge dynamics Try the other animation functions Pause Stop Step Forward and Step Backward The functionality is the same as controlling a tape recorder Under the Main menu lt Animation gt lt Advanced gt you can adjust the speed of the animation and some other parameters Try and see the difference Flooding and depth MIKE 11 computes absolute water levels However it may be of a particular interest to see where flooding occurs in the system MIKE View can compute the flooding as a new variable which you can view as any other result variable In the Main menu choose lt Tools gt lt Compute gt lt Flood gt As soon as you click with the mouse the flooding is computed for the whole system and added on the list of the available variables in the Options View Go back to the Horizontal Plan window and select Flood in links under lt Options gt of the local menu Change the plan type to Max and click lt OK gt Your Horizontal Plan now displays the upper envelope of the flooding which occurred during the simulated event You can also view the dynamics of the flooding simply by switching to the plot type Animation and pressing the run tool Additionally the actual water depth of a certain location can be of interest Compute also depth in the
51. e types by clicking on the Files of Type field Select the MIKE 11 DES Files Res11 option i e the MIKE 11 Result file All DFS11 files available in the Vida directory are listed Select the VIDA96 3 Res11 file Some result files can be rather large being hard work even for a fast PC It is often sufficient to load the data from a result file selectively so that your hardware is used in a more rational way MIKE View gives you a chance to discard the unnecessary data types or irrelevant simulation periods or to reduce the level of time resolution of the displayed data You simply switch ON or OFF certain data types redefine the time interval for loading and select the appropriate step loading factor DHI Water amp Environment 8 3 8 7 MIKE 11 Data Load Selection File Name VIDAB 3 res11 First Time Step to Load lt Cancel Last Time Step to Load fel Full Time Data Types Select All Deselect AI Step for Loading 1 a Data Types To Load Figure 8 1 The Data Load Selection View As default MIKE View proposes the complete result file to be loaded The tutorial result file is fairly small and you should simply confirm the default selection by clicking on the lt OK gt button After a short while the file is loaded and MIKE View opens two new windows Exploring the MIKE View Screen MIKE View has opened two windows Horizontal Plan window Plan Overview window Please note I
52. ecuring fast computational speed or number crunching in comparison with earlier MIKE 11 versions By applying MIKE 11 it is possible to answer questions such as e The exceedance levels in case of flooding and at which locations will flooding occur e The implications of introducing e g flood control measures e The long term environmental impact affected by changing pollution loadings e Where is the sediment deposited in the river system and what are the overall morphological changes e The peak concentrations of pollutants at specific locations after e g heavy polluted loadings from urban catchments CSO s combined sewer overflow or industry plants And much mote Short Description of MIKE 11 MIKE 11 is a professional engineering software package for the simulation of flows water quality and sediment transport in estuaries rivers irrigation systems channels and other water bodies MIKE 11 is a user friendly fully dynamic one dimensional modelling tool for the detailed analysis design management and operation of both simple and complex river and channel systems With its exceptional flexibility speed and user friendly environment MIKE 11 provides a complete and effective design environment for engineering water resources water quality management and planning applications The Hydrodynamic HD module is the nucleus of the MIKE 11 modelling system and forms the basis for most modules including Flood Forecasting A
53. ed data of the Cross section file during computations Global and local values for the resistance number can be defined During a calibration exercise typically the resistance number is the most significant variable to adjust and therefore you will typically need to specify a number of local values to account for local variations in the topography vegetation etc Bed Resistance Toolbox The bed resistance toolbox offers a possibility to make the program calculate the bed resistance as a function of the hydraulic parameters during the computation by applying a Bed Resistance Equation The equations are designed to simulate the influence of vegetation on the resistance during varying flow conditions Details on the equations can be found in the User Guide Wave Approx It is possible to specify which wave approximation should be used in the computation viz Kinematic Diffusive or one of two fully dynamic wave approximations Default is the dynamic wave Default Values In this page it is possible to alter the value for a number of parameters connected to the hydrodynamic computations Parameters should not be altered unless the user is familiar with the effect on the results A more detailed explanation of the various parameters is given in the MIKE 11 On line help system and MIKE 11 Technical Reference manual Quasi Steady 5 24DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 gt lt A number of Quasi Steady Control parameters connect
54. ed in the river model simulation Overview is provided via the possibility of presenting items from the different data editors on the plan plot graphical view The different items can be presented using symbols and lines of different colours and size all controlled by the user via the Settings Network dialog from the graphical view The tabular and the graphical view of the Network editor are shown in Figure 5 4 VIDA96 3 NW K11 2 Modified a ES Maximum dx Branch Type Edit Link hannel Parameters Branch Type Regular Flow Direction iti 500 Untitled ee ee eee eee eee eee ee AS Definitions Network nsi Pons Branch Name Topo ID Upstr Ch Downstr Ch Flow Direction Branches VIDAA NE ToPo 92 o 11300 Positive 500 Regular y Alignment lines Junctions r Connections Structures Branch Name Chainage Routing Upstream Runoff aroundwater links Grid points Downstream r Overview Downstr Dee rens wo 2 TOPO 92 0 11300 Positive E VYIDA96 3 NWK11 1 Modified E Figure 5 4 Network editor Tabular and Graphical view 5 4 1 Graphical view The graphical view is opened as default when a river network file is opened or created Additional eraphical views can be opened using the New window facility in the Window Menu in the Main menu bar When creating a new
55. ed to modify the content of the gt Item information table That 1s Items can be appended to the bottom of the table deleted from the table or inserted at a selected position by use of these buttons LK When you have concluded the definition of axis and item information press the button to activate the Time series data dialog Time Series data dialog The time series data dialog consists of two views a tabular view and a graphical view see Figure 5 8 Mazzoh disn T Time j WM4zz h m 35 1387 21 08 0 14 4t 25 2 0 Previous Zoom Refresh i f 21 08 1990 10 Te EA E ae d w Grid Y 1 21 08 1990 i 1 k i Legend y 21 08 1990 0S renner do dp 1l lo Histogram Separator io f 1 lam 21 08 1950 0 0 kc Font E Lae j 1 pL EA HB qc Un HU Epic 21 08 1990 i i Hinde 1 1 21 08 1990 Select Sub Set m 21 08 1990 00 00 00 00 00 00 21 08 1990 1920 08 21 08 22 08 23 Select Items 21 08 1990 21 09 1990 8 AR Figure 5 8 Time series editor Time series data dialog e Tabular view Presents the time series data in tabular form Copy amp Paste functions are available e g copy and paste series from Excel The time format is determined from the selected default Windows format e Graphical view Data can be edited graphically by selecting one of the editing modes Select Move Insert or Delete When opening a time series file all items containe
56. ed with the Quasi steady computations ate entered in this page Detailed description can be found in the MIKE 11 On line Help and MIKE 11 Technical Reference manual Time Series Output On this property page request is made for time series output files to be generated during the simulation This output is in addition to the regular and the additional res11 output file Time series output can be saved in dfs0 or ASCII files Maps On this property page request is made for that MIKE 11 produces two dimensional maps based on the one dimensional simulations The maps are constructed through interpolation in space of the erid point results Thus the maps constructed in this way should be viewed as a two dimensional interpretation of results from a one dimensional model Reach Lengths This can only be used in connection with Quasi Steady simulations see above Detailed description can be found in the MIKE 11 On line Help and MIKE 11 User manual Add Output Additional output can be produced upon request by the user This extra facility 1s available as a supplement to the hydrodynamic result file The additional output is stored in a file with a similar name as the HD result file name Only difference is that an additional string HDADD is added to the filename of the HD result file name Example if the HD result filename is HDRES1 RES11 the name of the additional output file would be HDRESIHDADD RES11 To activate the additional ou
57. efault 48071 217 40652 819 Branch System Defined 65859 041 Default 42729 97 32492 582 Branchi System Defined 75611906 Default 42878 338 20029 674 Branch System Defined 88075 697 Default 50296 736 13501 484 Branchl System Defined 97957 493 Default 62017 804 9050 4451 Branchi System Defined 110495 24 Default 70919 881 6083 0861 Branchi System Defined 119878 86 Default 81750 742 3412 4629 Branchi System Defined 131034 11 Default 40000 60000 80000 x 99676 375 y 23948 22 Select Objects Figure 7 5 Graphical and Tabular view Network editor This page contains information about each point and allows the user to change the chainage type and value The graphical and tabular views are linked such that the highlighted points in the each of the views ate always the same In the above river system the chainage type should be set to user defined for the first and last points of the river branch with the chainage assumed to be 0 and 100000 respectively Display of objects When a branch is defined a label indicating the name and chainage from upstream to downstream may be displayed adjacent to the branch The display of these labels as well as any other object shown in the graphical view of the river network editor can be controlled through the Network Settings dialog shown below This dialog is activated by selecting the item Network in the Settings menu See the topic Graphical
58. ely These levels must be higher than the bed level of the cross sections immediately up or downstream of the culvert e Length Specifies the length of the culvert e Manning s n Specifies the roughness material of the culvert e No of Culverts Specifies the number of parallel culverts at the same location using same geometry After entering the Culvert data press the Calculate Q h button to calculate Q h relations for the culvert The Q h relations are given as Q y relations where y is the depth above invert Other parameters are given in the Hydraulic Parameters page If desired the orifice flow coefficients can be edited as discussed below When calculating the Q h relation the type of flow occurring are also listed e No Flow No flow occuts at the first level y 0 and when the valve regulation flag prohibits flow in one direction e Inlet C The flow at the inlet 1s critical e Outlet C The flow at the outlet is critical A backwater curve using a fine resolution is calculated to relate the discharge to the upstream water level in the river e Orifice The flow at the culvert inlet has an orifice type information The discharge is based on the orifice coefficients shown in the menu These coefficients can be edited added or deleted if required The Q h relation must be re calculated after editing the coefficients e Full Culvert The culvert is fully wet with a f
59. er for MIKE 11 In the current release MIKE View has not been integrated into the MIKE 11 structure and therefore must be started as a stand alone program MIKE View offers a variety of functions and features for viewing and analysing simulation results produced by the MIKE 11 system The main presentation features comprise e Colour plan plot of the river network e Longitudinal profiles e Time series plot Several events can be presented on the same plot e Animation of water level in cross sections e Results from several result files can be included for comparison e Plot of Q h relations e Animation of user specified result items plan plot longitudinal profiles and time series e Zoom facility in all windows e Scanned images of background maps can be loaded e Hard copy of all plots One of the most interesting options in MIKE View is the show synchronised feature This feature allows the user to play back the results of one or more simulations while viewing the results from several types of display windows all fully synchronised This option opens the possibilities of e viewing a plan view e g with water levels or concentrations together with a longitudinal section one ot mote time series and a Q h relation plot for a single simulation fully synchronised in time e viewing two sets of plan views time series etc for two alternative simulations shown together and fully synchronised e viewing synchronised outp
60. eral output measures may seem a little tedious For other just slightly more complicated situations the concept proofs very powerful 9 5 1 4 Parameter Optimisation The parameters for the optimisation are left as the default values with the exception of the maximum no of model evaluations which is reduced to 100 Normally one should prefer to end the optimisation by meeting the convergence criteria The convergence criterion is a measure of the relative change in best objective function value in the last number of loops of convergence where the number of loops of convergence is also user input For the current example in which we uses artificial measurements we do have the problem however that the best objective function will have a value of zero corresponding to a perfect fit In this situation which will sadly only happen for artificial measurements the use of a relative change convergence criteria leeds to evaluation of a ratio between two measures that are both approaching zero For this reason the cur rent optimisation will need to be terminated by the maximum no of model evaluations criteria 9 5 1 5 Results AUTOCAL finds the right solution Using the 100 model evaluations AUTOCAL finds a Manning number of 30 0 The convergence series looks as shown in the following figure 1 80 1 60 1 40 1 20 1 00 0 80 0 60 0 40 0 20 0 00 100 ManningM 90 80 70 60
61. ercentage distributions for both the active and the passive layers must equal 100 Shielding of particles can be included by activating the Shielding of particles check box and additionally the user can select the percentage contribution and transport rate of each fraction to be saved to the ST result file by activating the corresponding check box Preset distribution of Sediment in nodes The default distribution of sediment at a node is carried out according to the ration of flow discharges A user defined distribution can be specified in this menu by giving the distribution coefficients and exponents K and n variables in the distribution relationship please refer to the MIKE 11 On line help for more detailed information Passive Branches Branches in which sediment transport should not be calculated are specified by giving the river name as well as the upstream and the downstream chainage Sediment can be transported into a passive branch but no sediment can be transported out of a passive branch Initial dune dimension Only used together with the Engelund Fredsoe transport model This property page is used for specification of the initial dune length and hight Non Scouring Bed Level This property page is used to define a level both globally and or locally at which the bed is no longer erodible It can also be used to define the thickness of the active layer used in the Graded Sediment Model 5 30DHI Water amp
62. erts gt 7 1 TUE AD Parameters Pumps 7000 T 5 la 4 H ij ake gt Zoom Dut vel Heinle Regulating Structures 6000 T 5j ir Previous Zoom ld datos les sl Control Structures 3 ir A i Refresh mes 5 Dambreak Structures 5000 T 4 to a AE Bridges NA f la P User Defined 4000 dci En Tabulated Structures 3000 att E af daret sr r A y se Channel Routing dus A Mn za 8 Hood FIF 2000 T pi E NN 7 d yee We 1 tte luci elf pel V n gon Me a E Flood Urifice 1000 SU Mem as m A s epigr Catehments E ot mn E p E A Alignment Line 0 5000 10000 15000 Figure 7 11 Using the Right mouse pop up menu to insert new cross section DHI Water amp Environment 7 11 AZ nen The cross section editor will appear and the data for the cross section can be entered as shown The name of the branch and the chainage will be automatically transferred to the cross section editor 2 MIKE Zero Tutorial ns11 File Edit View Cross Sections Settings Window Help Ose Be a Tutorial sim11 Tutaorial ns11 Modified Os River name Topo ID Chainage Cross section ID meter Main 1997 0 0000 Main 1997 0 00 H Section Type Radius Type Datum pen Y Resistance Radius 0 Coordinates Correction of X coor Morphological Model O Apply x Y D pply C Divide Section p Calculate angle Level of Divide 0 Angle 0 0 Left 7 Right o Resistance numbers Transvers
63. es and experiences from the MIKE 11 Classic period with the powerful Windows based user interface including graphical editing facilities and improved computational speed gained by the full utilisation of 32 bit technology On the input edit side MIKE 11 features e graphical data input editing e simultaneously input editing of various data types e copy amp paste facility for direct import export from e g spreadsheet programs e fully integrated tabular and graphical windows e importing of river network and topography data from ASCII text files e user defined layout of all graphical views colours font settings lines marker types etc On the Output side advanced presentation facilities are available including e coloured horizontal plan graphics for the system data and results e animated presentation of results in horizontal longitudinal and time series plot e synchronised animation of results e presentation of external time series e copy amp paste facility for exporting result tables or the presentation graphics into other applications spreadsheet word processing or others What s New Every new release of MIKE 11 comprises new modules new features and or corrections to problems or significant inconsistencies discovered in previous releases A description of new features etc can be found in a README file on the DHI CD ROM 3 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 4 1 4 2 4 3 GETTING STARTED H
64. ettings menu in the Main menu bar e Resistance numbers In this section of the raw data window the user chooses to how to deal with bed resistance Two choices have to be made 1 Transversal distribution This defines description of the resistance across the cross section There are three choices Uniform A single resistance number will be applied throughout the cross section High Low flow zones Three resistance numbers are to be specified 1 Left high flow resistance applying between marker 1 and 4 2 Right high flow resistance applying between marker 5 and 3 and 3 Low flow resistance applying between marker 4 and 5 If marker 4 and 5 do not exist the low flow resistance number will apply throughout Distributed The resistance number ts to be specified for each X Z data set 2 Resistance type There are the following choices for type of resistance number Relative resistance The resistance is given relative to the resistance number specified in the hd11 file HD parameter file Resistance numbers higher than DHI Water amp Environment 5 15 Gr n C MIKE 11 one always corresponds to higher physical resistance than specified in the hd11 file i e independent of the choice of resistance number type in the hd11file Manning s n The resistance number is specified as Manning s n in the unit s m 1 3 Resistance numbers specified in the hd11 file do not apply Manning s M The resistance number is specified as Manning
65. evel Main 100000 Include AD boundaries Mike 12 Data Type TS Type File Value TS Info 1 Water Level TS File Tutorial dfs La Edit h Figure 7 16 Boundary editor defining downstream boundary condition The time series file and item must be selected using the Browse button This will open the file and item selector as shown in Figure 7 17 7 1 6 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 Look jn O f e m Tutorial dFs My Recent Documents File name Tutorial df 0l v Mo Hetwork Files of type Time series dfs0 v Select Item Period Info Item Info Constraints Info Title Tutorial File Type E quidistant Time Axis Waterlevel Figure 7 17 Time series Item selector dialog Green button Items can be selected In a similar manner the discharge boundaries at the upstream of both Main and Trib must be inserted and the correct file and item has to be selected The boundary editor should now have the following content DHI Water amp Environment 7 1 7 MIKE 11 Tutorial bndii Boundary Description Boundary Type Branch Name Chainage Chainage Gate ID Boundary ID 1 Open Water Level Main 100000 m Open Inflow Main 0 0 EOS Oper Inflow Trib 12000 Include HD calculation Include AD boundaries Mike 12 Data Type TS Type File Value TS Info 1 Discharge TS File Tutorial dfsO Lo Edil Q Figure 7 18 Bound
66. ew e g gauging stations bridges etc Markers can be defined as single points at a specific chainage or as a marker with a certain length between two chainages in the same river stretch Encroachment DHI Water amp Environment 5 25 SS MIKE 11 The Encroachment module of Mike 11 can be used to make analysis of the effect on making encroachment on floodplains The necessary information is specified on this property page Details are given in the User Guide Heat Balance It is possible to include detailed descriptions of the heat exchange between the water and the atmosphere in Mike 11 The necessary data must be entered here Details are given in the User Guide Stratification When one or more of the branches in the Mike11 set up have been selected as Stratified the data necessary to run the stratified model must be entered here Please see the User Guide for more details 5 7 2 AD parameter editor The AD Parameter file is required in order to run an Advection Dispersion and a Water Quality simulation The AD parameter file contains information on each of the pollutant components included in the simulation The AD parameter editor is shown in Figure 5 11 ADParl Modified Mel E Sediment Layers Man Cahesive ST Ice Model Additional output Components Dispersion Init Cord Decay Boundary Cohesive ST Components M WO 4 Sediment interaction Fill wt Componente _ Component Unis
67. f your MIKE View remembers some other settings from the previous session the Palette window may also be on the screen and the Horizontal Plan will be coloured The Horizontal Plan window dominates MIKE View It displays the layout of the sewer network If you select the Horizontal Plan window it becomes the active window and the Horizontal Plan toolbar appears under the main menu When you move the cursor within the Horizontal Plan window the co ordinates of the current position are displayed in the status bar located in the bottom left corner The status bar also provides useful information on the program mode help text etc The Overview Plan window contains an outline of the network Horizontal Plan It makes it easier to see where in the network you are while zooming Try to arrange the size and position of the MIKE View windows until you get them in a desired layout 8 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 8 8 Viewing System Data The best way to get a closer look at the Horizontal Plan is through playing with the various options available The Horizontal Plan Options View is activated by clicking on the Options tool in the toolbar or by activating the Horizontal Plan local menu press the right mouse button while in the window Options Plan Type Symbols and Fonts Axes Background Files Draw Branches amp s Bottom Levels C Top Levels Slope C Max Depth o water Level Grid Points Pl
68. he computation otherwise cross section data for the simulation can not be located Flow direction The standard notation of MIKE 11 is that flow direction is positive with increasing chainages This typically requires that the starting point zero chainage are defined as the upper part and the end the point of the river system are defined in the downstream part of the river system However in many surveys the downstream point e g the river mouth at the sea is the starting point for the river survey and this point is therefore required to be the starting point zero chainage for the river model as well Therefore in these cases it is required to specify the flow direction as Negative as the increasing chainages will then be opposite to the standard notation used internally in MIKE 11 Maximum dx The maximum selected distance between two neighbouring h points in the computational grid Branch type The branch type can be selected as one of two Regular The regular branch is the standard branch of MIKE 11 comptising water level points at both the up and downstream end and an alternating grid of water level and discharge points Link Channel When a branch has been defined as a Link channel type the Edit Link Channel Parameters button is made active Press the button to open the Link Channel Parameters dialog where Link channel parameters can be specified Important notice After specification of th
69. ined e Zoom functions Zoom functions zoom in out and previous zoom can be activated from the zoom toolbar buttons or from the right mouse pop up menu To zoom in click and drag until the zoom selection square covers the area in the horizontal plan which should be enlarged Please note that the shape of the zoom in selection area is identical to the shape of the graphical view window e User defined settings for display of river network components The drawing style size and colours of points branches and other network components presented in the graphical view can be controlled from the Graphical Settings page in the Network Dialog The Network dialog is activated from the Settings Menu in the Main menu bar e Background images Using the Layers menu from the Main menu bar it is possible to import one or more images as a background map for the river network Image files must be saved in either GIF or BMP format Location of the image s in the horizontal plan can be modified by selecting the image a red squate appears around the image when selected activate the Image Co ordinates entry from the right mouse pop up menu and it will then be possible to alter the co ordinates of the specific image Thereby it is also possible to import multiple images of selected areas within the same river network file e Auto functions In the Network menu under the Main menu bar you can activate facilities for auto generating
70. ined 124307 741 Default 39462 926 19839 679 User Defined 27000 Default x 39663 327 y 20240 481 Branch2 ch 62380 541 SD Point 22 Two branches defined with user defined chainages in up and downstream points Select Objects LE Before connecting the two branches each should be given identification names This is done on the branch page of the tabular view where the river names are changed to Main and Trib as shown below For both rivers the Topo ID should be set to 1997 2 MIKE Zero Tutorial nwk11 ODA File Edit View Network Layers Settings Window Help OSH Pear aa a o BR Vo o mI wee AIN te y Tutorial nwk11 1 Modified OO Untitled Tutorial nwk11 2 Modified Definitions Network SE 5 Branch Name Topo ID Upstr Ch DownstCh Flow Direction Maximum d Branch Type Points 20 Branches 2j Trib 1997 12000 27000 Positive v 10000 Regular v Alignment Lines 0 Junctions 0 Connections Structures Branch Name Chainage Routing Upstream Runoff groundwater links Grid points Downstream Edit Link Channel Parameters Overview Downstr Flow d Man 1997 0 Positive 10000 Regular 2 mb 1997 12000 Positive 10000 Regular 100000 x 39663 327 y 20240 481 Branch2 ch 62380 541 SD Point 22 Select Objects Figure 7 9 River Names defined as Main and Trib To connect the tributary to the
71. ined as inflow hydrographs on all upstream boundaries and a downstream tidal boundary at the sea The downstream boundary is defined by applying measured water levels covering a large number of tidal periods Input files for the Vida set up are located in Examples MMike 11V Vida All input files required to perform the hydrodynamic computation are present Additionally two graphical files GIF are enclosed each containing a scanned map of the study area The scanned images are provided as high and low resolution 200 dpi or 400 dpi 12000 0 enema fo lira Urraamase H 114000 0 LY dl za p gt 4 7 qa ime pe i Sa UN Poe aur o 10000 0 3000 0 8000 0 7000 0 6000 0 5000 0 a Kod mbil 4000 0 3000 0 2000 0 1000 0 0 0 2000 0 4000 0 6000 0 3000 0 0000 0 12000 0 14000 0 6000 0 18000 0 Figure 9 2 Vida plan plot of MIKE 11 set up including background map 9 5 Auto Calibration Example 1 Manning number hd11 file Example 1 is the simplest of the examples included in this example collection 9 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 9 5 1 9 5 1 1 gt lt The setup used in the example is a river network including a Branch1 connected to a Branch2 approximately midway The two upper bounds are discharge bounds the downstream boundary is a water level boundary See the setup for details The objective of the example is Calibrate the model with respect to bed resistance 1
72. ion from noon Emitted heat radiation from the water surface DHI Water amp Environment 5 31 Gr n C MIKE 11 Degradation of organic matter in the water phase In the Degradation in the water phase menu the following global and or parameters are specified First order decay rate for both dissolved and suspended BOD Temperature coefficient for both dissolved and suspended BOD Value of the half saturation oxygen concentration in the Michaelis Menten expression Denitrification In the Denitrification menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Reaction order for denitrification n 1 or n 0 5 Nitrate decay rate at 20 C Temperature coefficient for decay rate Coliforms In the Coliforms menu the following global parameters are specified First order decay for both fecal and total coliforms Temperature salinity and light coefficients for decay rate Light coefficient extinction Salinity P Contents In the Phosphorus contents menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Ratio of phosphate released at the degradation for dissolve as well as suspended BOD and at the degradation of BOD at bed Uptake of phosphate in plants P exchange with the bed In the Phosphorus exchange with bed menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Resuspension of particulate inorganic phosphorus Deposition of particulate inorganic phosphorus Critical flow velocity P processes In
73. it function of the hydrodynamic parameters i e discharge water levels etc previously calculated There is no 5 28DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 feedback from the sediment transport computations to the hydrodynamics e Morphological sediment transport model The sediment transport computations are made in parallel with the HD computation The sediment transport is calculated in time and space as an explicit function of the corresponding values of the HD parameters calculated in tandem The resistance number may be updated and the bottom level is updated so that changes in flow resistance and hydraulic geometry dye to the sediment transport can be included in the HD computations This model requires sediment or bottom level boundary conditions at all inflow boundaries Variables for the sediment transport model are specified in the ST parameter editor see Figure 5 12 9 TParl 5TTI D 000000 0300000 1 Dana Figure 5 12 ST Parameter Editor Sediment Grain Diameter Sediment Grain diameter and standard deviation to be used in the ST computation are specified in this page Grain size and standard deviation may be specified as being applicable globally and locally Transport Model Selection of transport model to use and specification of parameters and constants for the specific transport model must be given in this page The transport model is selected by the Model Type combo box DHI Water amp Enviro
74. it the range over which the calculated dispersion coefficient may vaty Init Cond Initial conditions 1 e initial concentrations of each component are specified in this page In the Component column select from a combo box the component for which you wish to specify initial conditions The combo box in the component column lists the components specified in the Components page and a specific component can be selected from the list In the Concentration column specify the initial concentration of the component in the unit selected in the Components page Both global and local initial conditions can be specified for the same component If you wish to specify local variations in initial conditions de activate the Global check box and specify the location river name and chainage of the initial condition for the specific component The global value will be used everywhere except in those reaches where additional local values have been specified If no value is entered for a component a global concentration of zero will be applied automatically Decay It is possible to specify one or more non conservative components 1 e the concentration is assumed to decay according to the first order expression dC dT K C where K is the decay coefficient and C 1s the concentration If the data entered are used in connection with a water quality computation the user should not specify the decay coefficients as the special water quality
75. itivity coefficients multiplied with span of the speci fied parameter interval Hence the specification of lower and upper bounds effects the result although these are derivatives evaluated around the initial value Objective Functions The objective function specification is the specification of the measure we wants to use as measure for the quality of the calibration The measurements in this example are water level timeseries at three locations We define an objective function as a weighted sum of the square value of each output measurement We name the objective function H_RMS The output measurements are defined as the root mean square of the residual between simulated and measured wa ter level in the three measurement points The three output measurements are named RMS_Q_Branch1_39166 RMS_Q_Branch1_87827 and RMS_Q_Branch2_ 36933 re spectively I e the objective is O RMS RMS Q Branchl 39 166 RMS Q Branchl 87827 RMS Q Branch2 3693 3 3 Sensitivity Analysis The sensitivity analysis parameters are left unaltered as the default values This means that we will do a local sensitivity analysis currently only available choice use forward difference approximation with a 1 of the parameter interval as perturbation value This means that AutoCal will evaluate the objective function Q_RMS at the initial value set and at 14 sets where one parameter at a time has been increased with 1 of its parameter interval The calculated value is used to
76. lculated from the plan plot co ordinates e User Defined chainage means that the user can manually specify fixed chainages for specific reference points e g hydraulic structures bridges etc which have been surveyed and found to have a specific location and chainage Additionally it is recommended always to specify the first and last point in each branch as User defined as this will ensure that the length of the river system is exactly as required Please note that the points information in this property page only includes digitised points Digitised points are not used in the computation only for presentation of the plan plot of the river system Computational points grid points used in the computation can be presented in the Grid Points property page Branches DHI Water amp Environment 5 7 Gr n CD MIKE 11 In the branches page specifications are made on the river branches included in the set up Initially a River name must be specified in the Name column Afterwards the remaining columns must be edited Topo ID Topo ID is a topographical identifier which gives the user a possibility of distinguishing between different surveys for the same river system Topographical surveys from different years can be stored in the same cross section file if only the Topo ID parameter differs Therefore the Topo ID specified must correspond to a Topo ID defined in the cross section file used in t
77. le is directly applied in the computational module Each cross section is uniquely identified by the following three keys e River name String of any length e Topo ID String of any length topographical identification e Chainage Real number Raw data view The raw data view is the default view when a cross section file is opened or created An example of the cross section raw data editor is shown in Figure 5 5 DHI Water Environment 5 13 MIKE 11 Bn sada_16 xns11 Modified River name Topo ID Chainage Cross section ID meter CAROL CITY CANAL B s E 125 00 N CCB 01 0 CCBO46C Section Type Radius Type Datum Open 7 Resistance Radius lo Coordinates Correction of X coor Morphological Model Apply x T Apply Divide Section Left Level of Divide Right Angle Resistance numbers Transversal Distribution High Low flow zones Left high flow 0 04 Resistance Type Manning s n Right high flow 10 035 Low flow 0 03 Manning s n Canal2_storage Canal3_storage Carol City Cana Carol City Cana Water Level Resist 11 150 H FAU 12 076 12 543 i EM 13 006 13 935 0 00 N 14 865 1125 00 N 15 795 2018 00 N TE CBWCD_N 11 17 188 CBWCD_N 114 17 651 CBWCD_N 12 18 581 1 CBWCD_N 15 19 510 1 i v Synchronize processed data Insert Cross Section View Processed Data Update processed data automatically 10 12 14 16 18 22 24 Update Ma
78. level and the inflow into the reservoir The location of the structure and the location of the control points J1 and J2 must be defined together with the regulating functions The discharge through the dam structure is calculated as a given factor times the discharge or water level as a function of h or Q at two locations J1 and J2 in the river model Q J2 J1 Control Structures HD Add on module Control structures may be used whenever the flow through or above a structure is to be regulated by the operation of a movable gate which forms part of the structure For detailed descriptions on how to use the Control Structures module please refer to the MIKE 11 User Guide The gate position operation during the computation can be saved in the HD Additional Output file To activate this output feature you must select Velocities in Structures output in the HD Parameter file Add output page Dam Break Structures HD Add on module The dam break module is used to simulate breach development in a dam structure due to overtopping or pipe failure The specification of a dam break requires the user to define relevant information from each of the following categories e Geometric specification Specify the dams crest level and length perpendicular to the river flow e Limit for breach development Regardless of which shape and mode a breach development has been defined a limiting section can be applied The geometry of the limiti
79. main river the 4 should be used Point at the down stream end of the tributary and while clicking and holding the left mouse button move the cursor to the point on the main branch you wish to connect and then release the mouse button The connection is indicated by a line as shown below Figure 7 10 Connection of river branches The contents of the network editor should now be saved by selecting the Save item in the File menu DHI Water amp Environment 7 9 7 3 MIKE 11 Cross section Editor The aim of this exercise is to show how cross sections are created and then to establish links between the network editor the cross section editor and other editors The latter requires the use of the simulation editor which in general serves two purposes 1 It allows the user to specify a range of simulation parameters such as file names and time step and it allows a simulation to be started 2 It enables the network editor to communicate with other editors This communication could for instance be to receive from the cross section editor a list of locations with cross sections Another example is when the network editor instructs the cross section editor to insert a cross section at a specific location Such communication requires that a file name for each of the editors is specified This takes place in the Input Property Page of the simulation editor In the simulation editor file names for both the network and cross section file
80. make a two point forward finite difference approximation to the derivative and the initial value set 9 8 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 A 9 7 5 Results The calculated Scaled sensitivity coefficients are listed in the following table From the results it is seen that LMAX the Maximum water content in the root zone storage and CQOF the Overland flow runoff coefficient are important parameters 9 8 Parameter Optimisation RR Parameters After having made the sensitivity analysis we will turn back to the calibration In order to investigate the possibilities of calibrating a catchment model using only two free pa rameters for each catchment we will leave the remainder of the parameters at their de fault values This way however we do not now the correct result with respect to the parameters but are left to evaluate the quality of the calibration by simply comparing the simulated and the measured results In this way the example is realistic but does not serve as a proper validation The setup is included as Example2 Test2_Optimisation auc 9 8 1 Simulation specification As for the sensitivity analysis the model simulation sequence is just a matter of select ing the right sim11 file As Model Parameter file the RR11 file of the Mike11 setup is specified since that is where the NAM are specified After browsing c 1 Datal Example21 Test2_Optimisation RR11 AUTOCAL fills in the Template file as Example21 Test2_Optimisation_Autocal R
81. matic Routing method does not facilitate the use of structures at Kinematic Routing branches Moreover the method does not account for backwater effects Please check the User Guide for details MIKE SHE links MIKE SHE links are used to link Mike 11 with the groundwater simulation software package MIKE SHE Details of how to establish such a link is described in the User Guide Catchments Catchment discharge can be calculated by the Rainfall Runoff Module and included as lateral inflows to the hydrodynamic module The property page is used to specify the locations of catchments in the river network Lateral catchment inflow can be included in either one single point upstream and downstream chainage must have the same value or distributed along a reach of a river branch 5 12 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 5 5 5 5 1 SS Grid Points The grid points property page has two specific purposes 1 The page presents summary information on the computational network or grid points prior to the simulation Press the Generate Grid Point button to generate the computational grid which corresponds to the grid used in the computation 2 The page can be used to limit the number of computational points saved in result files e g for large models it is desirable to save only those grid points required and to discard remaining results thus preventing result files from becoming to large The page has no influence on the simulatio
82. ments the present manual and the online Help with essential information on conceptual and algorithmic implementation of the main processes treated by MIKE 11 as well as descriptions of applied modelling techniques To help you to learn using MIKE 11 efficiently the online help and the present manual can be used to guide you through the facilities of MIKE 11 DHI Water amp Environment 1 3 MIKE 11 S lt 2 BEFORE YOU BEGIN 2 1 Product Support If you have questions concerning MIKE 11 or problems with the MIKE 11 software please consult the present manual the MIKE 11 User Guide MIKE 11 Reference Manual or the online help Additional release notes will be made available and can be found in the README file contained on your latest update disks sent with your installation If you have access to the Internet You may also have a look under Frequently Asked Questions FAQ or Reported Problems and Workarounds on the MIKE 11 Home Page The MIKE 11 Home Page is located at http www dhigroup com Software WaterResources MIKH11 aspx If you cannot find the answer to your queries please contact your local agent In countries where no local agent is present you may contact DHI directly by mail phone fax or e mail DHI Water amp Environment Agern All 11 2970 Horsholm Denmark Phone 45 45 16 92 00 Telefax 45 45 16 92 92 e mail Software dhigroup com Internet http www dhigroup com If you wish to
83. model computes these coefficients Boundary DHI Water amp Environment 5 2 7 Gr n C MIKE 11 5 7 3 This property page is not in use anymore The information previously entered here should now be entered in the boundary editor The property page is visible so set ups made in previous releases can be inspected and converted properly when updating to the present version Cohesive ST Data used for the cohesive sediment transport models are entered on this page When using the cohesive sediment transport models either the simple or the advanced all components specified in the AD editor must be defined as Single layer cohesive or Multi layer cohesive in the Components dialog The cohesive sediment transport parameters can only be accessed when a component type on the Components page is defined as either single or multi layered Global and local parameter values can be specified as required Sediment Layers Initial conditions for the sediment layers are defined on the Sediment Layers page Selection combo boxes are available for the component types Single cohesive Multi cohesive or Non cohesive When the single layer model is used only one sediment layer is displayed When a multi layer cohesive model is applied three layers upper middle and lower are displayed Parameters must be specified for each layer on three separate rows Non Cohesive ST This page contains input parameters for Non Cohesive
84. n Editor File also a Simulation Log All information specified in the Simulation editor are saved in a Simulation editor file sim11 The sim11 file is as most of the other editor files in MIKE 11 an ASCII text file It is therefore possible to view the content of these input files in any word processing program like Notepad Works Word etc Occasionally it is required to go back in time and investigate results and or input from previous projects and it is therefore necessary to keep a log of the simulations performed input files used time step etc If you are running several simulations e g using different input files or simulation DHI Water amp Environment 6 3 SS MIKE 11 periods it is therefore advisable to save the input for each simulation in a separate Simulation editor file Saving each simulation in separate simulation file you do not have to keep an additional separate log of each individual simulation Simply specify a name for the simulation files which identifies the content of the file and eventually the purpose of the simulation 6 4 DHI Water amp Environment LE 7 MIKE 11 TUTORIAL 7 1 What will learn Following the instructions given in this tutorial users with no experience with MIKE 11 will be guided through the set up of a simple river network cross sections boundary conditions HD parameters and simulation parameters as well as presentation of simulation results Content
85. n results and is only for information purposes i e the user is not required to the press the Generate Grid Points button prior to a simulation Each of the property pages provides access to relevant information pertaining to the page The property pages are designed such that the top of each page contains a complete item description where data for each item are specified while the lower half of the page contains an overview of data specified for each item presented in a single row Selecting an object from the overview grid control automatically changes the content of all edit fields on the upper part of the page in order to view all details specified on the actual data item Parameters can be edited in both the detailed and the overview sections of each property page Please note that the Settings Network dialog provides a possibility of specifying settings for Highlight object That is the object being edited in the tabular view can be highlighted in the Graphical View by a user defined symbol Working with the Cross section Editor River cross section data comprises two data sets the raw and the processed data The raw data describes the physical shape of a cross section using x z co ordinates typically obtained from a river bed survey The processed data is calculated from the raw data and contains corresponding values for level cross section atea flow width hydraulic resistance radius The processed data tab
86. nerated with MIKE 11 version 3 2 or previous releases TRF 8 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 8 5 8 6 gt lt The files from the first group establish a platform for the result viewing in MIKE View since MIKE View is a map based presentation tool These files can be loaded into MIKE View through the lt Open gt function The files from the second group can be loaded into MIKE View with the lt Add gt function being associated with the relevant already loaded file from the first group Of course the added file has to be fully consistent with its associated MIKE 11 or MOUSE file What Are We Going to View The river network related to the result file in this tutorial consists of the following elements e 10 River branches including one main river and several tributaries feeding the main stream e 8 hydraulic structures of which 7 are regular broad crested weirs and one is a controllable structure with a movable gate controlled by the water level conditions in a gauging point upstream of the movable gate We are going to examine the details of the network layout throughout the exercise Loading Results Start MIKE View by choosing MIKE View in the MIKE 11 program group At start up MIKE View opens the File Open view This facility makes it possible to navigate through the accessible drives and you can easily find the data directory with your result file Examine the possible choices of result fil
87. network file the user 1s prompted to define Area Co ordinates These define the co ordinate system of the plan in which the river system will be digitised The Graphical editor of MIKE 11 provides a large number of facilities for editing and presentation of the river network The main features comprise DHI Water amp Environment 5 5 Gr a MIKE 11 e Network toolbar for graphical editing be PP ee OA ES i Oe am The tools necessary for creating or editing the river network can be accessed from the network toolbar That is tools can be selected for digitising single or multiple points connecting points and branches merging or cutting branches deleting points or branches etc e Right mouse pop up menu From the graphical window it is possible to activate a number of editing facilities from the editor s right mouse pop up menu To edit an object through the pop up menu place the cursor at a network component e g a point a branch or any other symbol and press the right mouse button to activate the menu Selecting Edit gives a possibility of editing any object in the vicinity of the selected point Use the Insert entrance to insert a new object at the selected point in the network Selecting an entrance from one of the Insert s sub menus will open the corresponding editor Point properties gives a possibility for changing the selected point s co ordinates and chainage if chainage type is selected as User Def
88. ng section is specified in the cross section file The limiting section allows an irregular shape to be used to define the breach limits This is a useful feature which allows the natural shape of the river section at the dam site to be modelled Only the section of the dam breach lying inside the limiting section is used for calculating the hydraulic parameters e Failure moment and mode Failure moment can be specified to commence 1 Asa given number of hours after the start of simulation 2 Ata specified time DHI Water amp Environment 5 11 Gr n C MIKE 11 3 Ata specific reservoir water level In this case the dam failure will occur when the reservoir water level reaches the specified level The reservoir water level is defined as the water level in the grid point immediately upstream of the dam break structure Failure mode can be defined as either of the following 1 Time dependent A known geometry of the breach development is specified as a function of time The increase in breach dimensions is specified as time series of Breach width Breach level and Breach slope 2 Erosion based The increase in the breach depth is calculated from a sediment transport formula Engelund Hansen The increase in breach depth multiplied by the side erosion index If an erosion based failure is specified further information is necessary This information is entered in a separate dialog which is activated by pressing the Erosion P
89. nment 5 29 Gn n C MIKE 11 A detailed description of the parameters of this page can be found in the MIKE 11 On line help One variable to mention here though is the check box for Calculation of Bottom Level This check box differs between the two sediment transport modes explicit and morphological such that if the check box is activated MIKE 11 will operate in a morphological mode and therefore the ST computation must be made in parallel with a HD computation Calibration Factors The factors Factor1 and Factor can be applied to the calculated transport rates as correction factors Bed load transport is multiplied with Factor1 and Suspended load transport is multiplied with Pactor2 If the sediment transport is calculated as total load Factor1 is applied These factors can be applied elobally and locally Data for Graded ST Input data for the simulation of graded sediment transport and sediment sorting are specified in this page The bed material is represented by two layers an active layer overlying an inactive passive layer Each layer is divided into an equal number of fractions or classes specified by the user A mean grain size mm for each fraction and the percentage distribution for both the active and the passive layer must be specified The fraction mean grain sizes are global but the initial percentage size distributions may be specified globally or locally The sum of the initial p
90. ns What happens if I change the shape of cross sections etc ete The Vida river set up comprises a fully non reduced river set up The amount of data and number of data objects significantly exceeds the limitations of MIKE 11 Demo version and therefore it is not possible modify and save the content of the data files in the Vida set up 1f you are working with the Demo version In this case it is only possible to open the data files view the content and obtain knowledge on how the river system is defined the date files can not be re saved due to the large amount of data Cali River The enclosed Cali River set up has been modified to reduce the original number of input elements cross sections and river branches to keep within the limitations of MIKE 11 Demo version The set up comprises 3 river branches and 10 cross sections The boundaries consist of a single recorded upstream inflow and two downstream water levels conditions A plan plot of the Cali River set up is presented in Figure 9 1 9 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 Cali nwk11 Ma ES Untitled 40000 0 5000 01 0000 01 290001 0 20000 0 15000 0 10000 0 S000 0 10000 0 20000 0 Figure 9 1 Cal Raver plan plot of MIKE 11 set up The input files are all located in the Examples Mike_11 Demo directory To load the files select File Open Ctrl O change directory to Examples1Mike_111Demo in the File selection box and select the file
91. nt 9 11 Gn n C MIKE 11 9 9 9 10 cum J va Tog o cea mg o0 sea From the above table it is seen that the default parameters used for the parameters that was not included in the optimisation is quite different from the parameters used when generating the measurements Despite this we end up with the very fine correspondence seen in Figure 2 2 5 1 This demonstrates the strength of the method of reducing the parameter set through sensitivity analysis and subsequently calibrating using parameter optimisation In order to validate that Autocal is able to solve optimisation problem correctly further an example is included In this example we specify the correct values i e the values used when generating the measurements for the 10 variables and leave to the optimisation algorithm to find the remaining four parameters The Autocal setup for the example is called Example2 Test2_Optimisation_Validation auc The convergence history and the results of the optimisation are included in the following figure It is seen that the correct result is found Auto Calibration Example 3 AD Parameters The example demonstrates calibration of the AD module included in Mike11 The calibration is made by parameter optimisation on the dispersion coefficient for each branch and the decay coefficient for the component studied The setup used in the example is a river network including a Branch connected to a Branch2 approximatel
92. o 9 1 Ud JnttOdUCtOt si ec st E quede du utu icu aeu Eu eie eae iter a rU EUN 9 1 92 Howto sethe Demonstration Setups its tt al aiU 9 1 205 Ga BIVe uud ondas us mutuo bau f de obice E ute ae mtt ut tfe 9 2 DE o RR RE UU ET 9 4 9 5 Auto Calibration Example 1 Manning number hd11 file esses 9 4 IS Parameter optimisation HD ParametetS sesessesesesseseseseseeresesreresrsrsrrreseseneeresereee 9 5 9 6 Auto Calibration Example 2 RR Parameters urna e tede trib ertet Ebo 9 7 KE Sensur AnaS RR Paranee S e a oa 9 7 2 SICUL AEOR A dm immotus mut edd etie rn Te ore 9 7 9 7 2 Model Parametros 9 8 9 7 3 Sic A O A eon TF reer eT 9 8 9 7 4 A RT See TT at eee Oe NN THEN 9 8 9 7 5 RES tacita 9 9 Dio Parameter Optimisation RR Parameters Udo se iio 9 9 9 8 1 SUT OTS PS CIC ATO Mili 9 9 il DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 9 9 9 10 Del 9 12 9 8 2 Mode kP do a A enter ern D 9 9 9 8 3 Objective EHUDCHOBS aceto tdt ott iacit telae te tunisie 9 10 9 8 4 Parameter ns once 9 10 9 85 INESIS spa mene eer erase PET 9 10 Auto Calibrati n Example AD Parameters usina a 9 12 Parameter Opumisation AD Datatmetete cconot6nonebo noe eC noo no on ooo eos 9 12 QUE coul OBS a A 9 12 91g ModE Rates aa 9 13 TO Dl A sa tts E avec eee 9 13 SHOE HN O Pen TUN 9 13 Auto Calibration Example 4 Manning number xns11 file sess 9 14 Parametet Optimisation INS TT Parameters sustratos 9 14 JT S
93. of initial difficulties in the process of setting up a river model for the first time it is often beneficial to obtain experience from already existing river set ups Included in the MIKE 11 installation you will find examples of river model set ups including all required data input files to perform simulations with MIKE 11 The two basic examples comprises a set up for a Danish stream small river named Vida and a reduced set up for a river in Bangladesh named Cal Input files for the demonstration set ups are automatically installed to your computer when installing MIKE 11 Input data comprises files for the River Network Cross sections River topography Boundary definitions hydrometric time series data and HD parameters After installing MIKE 11 the demonstration set ups are located in the directories MIKEZero Examples Mike_11 Vida Vida Stream MIKEZero Examples Mike_11 Demo Cali River Additionally there are three examples of using the auto calibration feature of MIKE 11 MIKEZero Examples MIKE_11 AutoCal Examplel Manning calibration MIKEZero Examples MIKE_11 AutoCal Example2 RR calibration MIKEZero Examples MIKE_11 AutoCal Example3 AD calibration How to Use the Demonstration Set ups A soutce of inspiration for own projects or an exercise for inexperienced users to familiarise themselves with the various editor features and functions of MIKE 11 This could be some of
94. on Non point pollution interface This property page is used to define locations at which non point pollution is added to the rivers The contents of the file should be saved and the name of the file should be specified on the input page of the simulation editor DHI Water amp Environment 5 3 3 MIKE 11 6 1 SETTING UP A SIMULA TION Using the Simulation Editor The Simulation Editor combines all information necessary for MIKE 11 to perform a simulation This information comprises type of model to run name and location of input data files simulation period time step etc and name of result files cali sim11 Models Input Simulation Results Start Models Hydrodynamic Encroachment Advection Dispersion Sediment transport EC Lab Rainfall Funaff Flood Forecast Data assimilation lce Simulation Mode Unsteady Quasi steady Figure 6 1 Simulation Editor of MIKE 11 The Simulation editor contains 5 property pages in which data must be specified DHI Water amp Environment 6 1 Gr a MIKE 11 Models property page Select the models HD AD ST WQ etc to be included by activating the checkbox for the specific simulation model Additionally you must select the simulation mode Unsteady or Quasi steady simulation If an encroachment simulation is to be made the encroachment checkbox must be checked Input property page Specify the location of input
95. or changes to an arrow if you are pointing at a point equal to the item you have just selected Water level indicating that here data are available After clicking with the mouse MIKE View opens a window with a graph showing the Water level for the actual point Try also to select a Time Series from the Time Series List selection window Similarly as in the longitudinal profile window you can control the appearance of this window in many ways with the right mouse pop up menu Try to open the TS Settings under Options in the pop up menu Here you can change the thickness colours and other settings for appearance of individual series in the actual window Adding items to a time series graph You can complement any time series graph with as many other time series of the same data type as you wish e g Water Level Additionally you can add data of a different data type to the same windows max 2 data type area allowed within a Time Series window These may come from the same result file from some other loaded result file from a separate DFSO file from the MIKE 11 MOUSE time series databases from the Clipboard or from a text file Just for the exercise let s view the water level in a specific point in combination with a discharge time series from an external DFSO file Press the Time Series tool button select Water Level and press the List button In the list of calculation points go down to the point VIDAA OVR 482
96. orial nwk11 File Edit View Network Layers Settings Window Help D Q 26 SIM QQE2 OH YO Oe Doy uUo REN toy Tutorial nwk11 1 Modified OO Untitled Tutorial nwk11 2 Modified B Network Definitions Points 20 X Coordinate Y Coordinate Attributes Branches 1 pai ME 10204 409 56312625 Junctions 0 Structures Overview Routing Runoff groundwater links 42729 97 32492 582 Grid points 42878 338 20029 674 50296 736 13501 484 Branch Branchi Branchi Branchi Chainage Type System Defined 3 Type Default System Defined 75611 906 System Defined 88075 697 62017 804 9050 4451 Branchi 70919 881 B 6083 0861 81750 742 3412 4629 10204 409 56312 625 12208 417 46893 7588 Branchi 15615 23 38677 355 19823 647 31863 727 26036 072 25250 501 30645 291 21843 687 39462 926 19839 679 40000 60000 X 66517 034 y 99398 798 Figure 7 7 One branch defined second branch digitised To connect the eight points the tool Select Objects Of can be used start at the left most point and when the connection is done the screen should look similar to the following Note that the branch information is now available in the list of points in the tabular view The chainage type should be set to user defined in the first and last point and the chainages set to 12000 and 27000
97. ot Type File VIDAS6 3 res1 1 B Animation C Minimum C Maximum M Show Heading Cancel Help Figure 8 2 Horizontal Plan Options View Let s first try to understand the modelled network The various options available in MIKE View have been designed exactly to facilitate this activity Try the different options from the Plan Type group Select one of the drawing modes featuring the system information e g by selecting Slope This may give you a first impression of the topographical layout of the network the slopes of the links will be displayed as a palette of colours Furthermore you may select Slope under the Symbols and Fonts group which will add arrows to the links indicating the direction of the slopes works only if Slope has been selected under Plan Type Similarly if you select Bottom Levels the colour palette will illustrate the bottom level of the Riverbed Under the Symbols and Fonts group you may adjust the size of symbols and the thickness of links and select your preferred font type and size Further the system can be explored by selecting and viewing the longitudinal profiles along various selected paths DHI Water amp Environment 8 5 8 9 MIKE 11 PIS ES m Water Lewel 1 9 1990 00 00 VIDAS6 3 res 1 14000 0 12000 0 10000 0 EERE A AS e000 0 6000 0 o om om om om om on mom om om ee mon mom 4000 0 2000 0 0 0
98. overed by the file The remaining values are delete values 9 12 1 Simulation specifications Mike 11 produces results in res11 file whereas AUTOCAL evaluates objective functions by comparing dfsO files Hence the hd11 file specifies that time series output is to be generated additionally See the hd11 file The model simulation sequence simply specifies the name of the MIKE 11 sim11 file and the model parameter file is the xns11r file When pressing the Edit button the auto cal editor will open Notepad to allow for editing the xns11r file Autocal treats xns11r file somewhat differently than other parameters file used for auto calibration The data in xns11r are to be interpolated into Manning numbers in all intermediate cross sections When using the cross section editor this happens automatically but when changing the xns11r file externally using autocal the Manning numbers still need to be interpolated and processed data needs to be recalculated This is all taken care of by autocal 9 1 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 9 12 2 9 12 3 9 12 4 Using Notepad the Manning number for uniform resistance distribution at the three locations is set to 1 01e 035 1 02e 035 and 1 03e 035 Finally the Parameter optimisation is chosen as the Simulation option Model Parameters There are three Manning numbers shown in the table and all three are selected as independent and with initial minimum and maximum v
99. ptions The river network can be saved in a Windows Metafile format for use in e g word processots The metafile feature is activated through the View menu in the Main menu bar Metafile can be copied to the clipboard for immediate pasting in to other programmes or it can be saved to a file on the disk e Import of network co ordinates from ASCII files Branch and point cross section data can be imported from ASCII text files File format is described in the On line Help system Tabular view The tabular view is opened manually by selecting the Tabular View item in the View Menu hotkey combination is CTRL T or automatically when editing an existing network object through the right mouse Pop up menu The dialog for the tabular view contains a number of property pages A short description of the content and purpose of each property page is given below For a more comprehensive description on some of the items reference is made to the On line Help system Points The points property page offers a possibility of editing co ordinates and river chainages of the points digitised in the graphical view horizontal plan plot Important to notice on this property page is the column Chainage type where two options are available System Defined or User Defined chainage e System Defined chainage means that MIKE 11 automatically calculates the chainage from the digitisation distance from neighbouring points ca
100. rameters rr11 y LITPACK fkHp Parameters hd11 y MIKE FLOOD f AD Parameters ad11 ica MIKE SHE fk ST Parameters st111 fkrF Parameters FF11 f Correlation Analysis amp Gap Filling caf f Batch Simulation bs11 W hiver Channel Design rcd11 SE MIKE11 ECO Lab ecolab11 Mata Assimilation da11 MIKE 11 a 1D modelling system For rivers and channels Figure 5 2 New dialog for generating a new MIKE 11 input file Select the type of file you wish to create and press the OK button or double click the specific icon Selecting an item from the New dialog automatically opens the specific editor and data input can commence Open existing editor files To open an existing editor file select File gt Open gt File from the Main Menu bar to activate the standard Windows Open file dialog alternatively press Ctrl O Activate the file type combo box by clicking the arrow button in the Files of Type field and select the type of file you wish to open see Figure 5 3 5 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 Open MIKE Zero Files Lookin TIE My Recent Documents 2 My Network Files of type MIKE 11 Simulation Files sim11 v MIRE 11 Simulation Files sim 1 MIKE 11 River Network Files ruvk1 7 Cross Sections 2ne11 Boundary Conditions brid 1 MIRE 11 AR Parameters 1111 MIKE 11 HD Parameters hd11 MIKE 11 40 Parameters ad11 MIKE 11 5T Parameters
101. reated containing icons for MIKE 11 programs and documents How to start MIKE 11 To start MIKE 11 select the MIKE 11 icon under the DHI Software gt MIKE 11 group Starting MIKE 11 without a DHI configured Software Key and a valid licence file causes the program to run in Demo mode If this happens a message box will inform you during program initialisation Running in Demo mode MIKE 11 supplies full access to all editors input files and editing facilities However restrictions apply on the number of items allowed when saving input files and performing computations PLEASE NOTE The User Interface of MIKEZero MIKE 11 are designed such that a monitor with Super VGA DHI Water amp Environment 4 1 Gr n C MIKE 11 resolution 1024x768 is required to view the full content of all dialogs It is indeed possible to run MIKE 11 on a monitor with smaller resolution but parts of the dialogs can only be viewed then if the specific window is moved manually by using the mouse 4 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 7 4 4 MIKE 11 Online Help Following the standards of true Windows application MIKE 11 utilises an integrated online Help supplying descriptive information on each of the editors dialogs and property pages within the system The online Help supplies explanations on how to operate a specific dialog as well as descriptions of the parameters present in the specific page The integrated online Help replaces the MIKE
102. ree discharge at the outlet Bridges Eight types of bridges may be implemented e FHWA WSPRO bridge method e USBPR bridge method e Fully submerged bridge e Arch Bridge Biery and Delleur e Arch Bridge Hydraulic Research HR e Bridge Piers D Aubuisson s formula e Bridge piers Nagler e Bridge piers Yarnell Pumps Data on pumps operated using start and stop levels must be specified in this page The pumps can discharge either internally or externally and the discharge can de fixed or tabulated as a function of the water level difference across the pump 5 1 pui Water amp Environment MIKE 11 SS Regulating The regulating page offers a possibility for specifying the discharge at a certain point e g a structure as a function of time or as a function of hydraulic conditions elsewhere in the river system Two regulating types are available e Function of Time The discharge through the structure is specified as a function of time e g if two channels are connected to a pump or a turbine The equation of momentum in the specified Q point in the computational grid is replaced by a discharge time function The actual discharge time series must be specified in the Hydro Dynamic Property Page using the Boundary Editor e Function of h and or Q Special forms of river regulation can be defined in this page This structure type is applied where discharge through a dam is to be regulated as a function of the water
103. respectively DHI Water amp Environment v f 2 MIKE Zero Tutorial nwk11 File Edit View Network Layers Settings Window Help JOA BB SCR Quer AMR YY e ma A ea mulo etym oi ed Tutorial nwk11 1 Untitled 100000 pon er A iia Figure 7 8 7 8 DHI Water amp Environment DR Tutorial nwk11 2 Overview B Network Points 20 Branches 2 Alignment Lines 0 Junctions 0 Structures Routing Runoff groundwater links Grid points 100000 Definitions Coordinate Y Coordinate 55637 982 87388 724 Attributes Overview Branch Chainage Type System Defined v MIKE 11 Chainage 9690 798 Type X Coord YCoord Branch Chainage Type Chainage Type 42729 97 32492 582 42878 338 20029 674 50296 736 13501 484 System Defined System Defined System Defined Default 67215 853 Default 74757 244 Default 62017 804 9050 4451 System Defined 84325 555 Default 70919 881 6083 0861 System Defined 91486 753 Default 81750 742 3412 4629 User Defined 100000 Default 10204 409 56312 625 User Defined 12000 Default 12208 417 46893 788 15615 23 38677 355 19823 647 31863 727 26036 072 25250 501 System Defined System Defined System Defined System Defined 14867 08 Default 17515 343 Default 19899749 Default 22601 248 Default 30645 291 21843 687 System Def
104. respectively The date format to be used for the simulation start and end time must be the same as Windows utilises e g yyyy mm dd hh mm ss 2 Press the Apply Defaut button to let MIKE 11 automatically determine the minimum and maximum date and hour where all time series defined in the boundary file have common periods The date and hour for start and end time respectively are then automatically inserted in the field If no common period exists for the time series defined in the boundary files nothing happens and the value in the Start and End date fields are not modified After specifying the simulation period the simulation time step must be defined Specify a value for the time step and select the unit days hour min sec The Time Step multiplier for Rainfall Runoff RR and Sediment Transport ST modules can also 6 2 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 6 2 gt lt be specified in case one of these models is selected The Time step multipliers are used to adjust the time step applied for these models E g in ST simulations it will often be necessary to run the Hydrodynamic model using a much smaller time step than required in the ST model That is the time step used in the RR and or ST model is therefore the multiplier value multiplied the simulation time step Finally specify the type of initial condition to use steady state hotstart parameter file Initial Conditions Addto Hotstart Type of condi
105. rkers __Update Markers Cross section X data meter Figure 5 5 Cross section raw data editor The raw data editor contains three different views e Tree View The tree view provides a list of all cross sections in the cross section file The tree includes three levels where the upper level defines the rivers names the middle contains the Topo ID s for the specific river and the lower provides a list of chainages of the cross sections defined for the actual Topo ID in the specific river Selecting a cross section from the tree by clicking the left mouse button will immediately update the tabular and graphical views as all three views are fully integrated in order to present the data of the selected section automatically Selecting a section chainage river name or Topo ID of a cross section with the right mouse button opens a pop up menu from which it is possible to make changes to the existing content of the cross section file e g insert delete copy and rename of sections rivers and or Topo ID s e Tabular View The tabular view contains the raw cross section data selected from the tree view X and Z co ordinates and relative resistance factors can manually be edited in the table The resistance relative resistance in each row of the tabular view has a default value of 1 indicating a constant value of the roughness across the section If the roughness is not constant across the entire section e g on a flood plain
106. ro Tutorial nwk11 File Edit Yiew Network Layers Settings Window Help JOSE OB SIM QQeP a MR ste mA Ae Rad VNS Tutorial nwk11 Modified DO Untitled 100000 x 99703 264 y 57863 501 Select Objects Figure 7 2 Plan plot one digitised branch Chainage in points Once a branch is defined the chainage of each point is calculated automatically based on the distance between the digitised points The default chainage of the first point in a branch is zero See the topic Chainages in Points in the help system for more details The calculated chainages may not be optimal and the user may wish to set the chainage manually This can be done in two ways 1 Click with the right mouse button at the point for which the chainage is to be changed and a Pop Up Menu will be displayed as shown below See the topic Pop Up Menu in the help system for more details 7 A DHI Water amp Environment we Point Properties idi Insert b Edit Delete Zoom In Zoom Cul Previous zoom Next oom Pan ShiFE Refresh I T I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AE A a E A AAA ee ee ee w Grid E E E E EES ee AR A ee ee JOOU eun air 100000 Figure 7 3 Network editor Right mouse Pop up menu When selecting the item Point Properties in the Pop Up Menu the following dialog will show up The user can then set the chainage manually by setting the chainage type to U
107. ro 5 17 S6 Notisine withthe Boundary E dto tai ias 5 18 5 6 1 TS SS ais 5 18 5 6 2 DONA i n 5 21 5 Wotkine with Parameter Ele dot daa 5 22 DHI Water amp Environment 1 6 9 Gr n C MIKE 11 LN AN FID ipatameteteditOE sosea pedir E EEE o cbisafeteb cease ie 5 22 5 1 2 PD ACA adco T T 5 26 Ds BP parameter MOP uestem id tore aU tacts E E E E hs 5 28 5 7 4 WO Dita Sle CCT OE oes sustnuessssisernecanaaesoeapbaentacedsonbanadsvenanea ananieuloospanalaaunmontamntanaueaaias 5 31 SET PING UPA SIMULA TION rt aporis erro ii ladilla leia 6 1 OL Caprie munion EAO suos dla 6 1 6 2 Simulation Editor Pile also a Simulation Oe ido 6 3 MIKE U TUTOR A eere PR 7 1 dab NN ae AUP IN Vie tat eae icicle A ele ce oie s tU tU ipn 7 1 72 Network Editore Basic Races tada 7 1 Lo CLOS SECO PAOLA aa EDO Cotes eo dia bici cd a eee 7 10 TA PBoundaryand Lime Series EMO ii A denso edlen 7 14 ia ADM toldo 7 19 LO utto a SIMUIA OA putada E E AEE iii 7 20 MIKE VLEW IUTORIAL o ias 8 1 Og MIKE Vies m General ii 6 1 0 2 What Will I Learn in the MIKE View Totoral anni 8 2 BO PELOS OU DEN Mantaro iii acia 8 2 964 About MIKE 11 and MOUSE Result Piles sida 8 2 Os di E SA eoa a sess APAE AE 8 3 0 Odd Result ii 8 3 9 7 Explore the WIE View ao 6 4 Oso NAC WAG cn Diles 8 5 SJ VO te Ets 6 6 S10 VNiewino Results tia Lonettudinal Protesis aaron 8 10 AU TINE rt 8 11 DEMO SET UP INCLUDED IN THE DHI CD ROM e eee eene eene nnn
108. rocessed data editor such that the raw data for the cross section presently active in the processed data editor is presented automatically Working with the Boundary Editors Boundary conditions in MIKE 11 are defined by combined use of time series data prepared in the Time Series editor and specifications made on locations of boundary points and boundary types etc in the Boundary editor That is the boundary editors comprise the Time series editor and the Boundary editor Both editors are necessary to activate in order to specify a MIKE 11 boundary condition Time series editor The appearance of the Time series editor differs if you create a new blank time series compared to opening an existing dfsO file Creating a new time series requires specification of properties for the time series file and the File Properties dialog is therefore opened in this case If you are opening an existing dfsO file the data are immediately presented in the Time series data dialog where data can be viewed and edited both in a graphic and a tabular view In this case if you wish to change the file already defined file properties it is required to open the File Properties dialog from the graphical view 5 1 8 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 LAR File Properties dialog File Properties General Information Title M4220h Asis Information Anis Type Non E quidistant Calendar Axis start Time 1330 08 01 00 00 00 Time Step 0
109. s Network Editor Basic Facilities Cross section Editor Boundary and Time Series Editor HD Parameter Editor Running a Simulation MIKE View te TA 7 2 Network Editor Basic Facilities The aim of this exercise is to introduce the basic facilities of the network editor i e how a system of branches is defined and connected Start MIKE 11 to produce the MIKE Zero base screen The MIKE 11 river network file is created here using the File menu and selecting New from the menu A MIKE 11 river network screen is created with default area co ordinates The size and position of both the MIKE 11 window and the river network window may be changed to allow for easier viewing of river branches defined later in this tutorial Defining a branch Defining and editing a river network is mainly undertaken using the river network toolbar Hi A dele D Cy MP Ce 08 ON al AS Figure 7 1 Network toolbar Mote details on the functionality of each of the buttons can be found in the help system under the topic Graphical Editing Toolbar To define the branch shown below you should select the a button in the toolbar and define the branch by clicking the left mouse button once at the position of each river point Start at the DHI Water amp Environment 7 a AZ ntn upstream end of the river branch which is assumed here to be in the upper part of the window The last point in the branch should be defined by a double click MIKE Ze
110. s You may notice that the result variables are divided into two groups some variables are attached to network nodes and others are attached to links 8 6 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 LAA At first if you have more than one result file loaded into MIKE View you should select the desired file Then you select a desired variable from the list of the available variables DHI Water amp Environment 8 7 Gr n C MIKE 11 Finally you select a mode for the presentation The results may be viewed as animation as minimum results or as maximum results Selection of Min or Max results in the lower or upper envelope for the selected variable being displayed as static Horizontal Plan plot If you select Animation then the selected variable will be displayed dynamically as a replay of the simulation through time We will choose the animation The only file available i e loaded in MIKE View is the TUTOR1 PRF Choose the group of variables related to links and select Discharge Branches i e Links Check if Animation is selected as the plot type When you are finished click lt OK gt MIKE View now displays the discharges in the Horizontal Plan corresponding to the start time of the simulation Note the date and time indicator in the upper part of the Horizontal Plan the Clock The tape recorder buttons in the toolbar have been activated too Animation in the horizontal plan If you click on th
111. s M in the unit m 1 3 s Resistance numbers specified in the hd11 file do not apply Chezy number The resistance number is specified as Chezy number in the unit m 1 2 s Resistance numbers specified in the hd11 file do not apply Other features of the Cross section raw data editor comprises e Change options for The Cross section entrance in the Settings menu allows the user to modify the appearance of the graphical view as well as defining miscellaneous variables e Computation of processed data The computation of processed data is required after entering raw data as the processed data tables must be used in the computation Two options are available for computation of processed data a The Recompute all feature in the Cross sections menu in the Main menu bar re computes the processed data for all cross sections in the cross section file in one operation This is a very useful feature e g when a large number of new sections have been entered or many of the existing sections have been modified b Press the View processed data button This will compute the processed data for the selected cross section and automatically open the processed data editor This feature however is only active if the Update processed data automatically check box is activated e Update Markers The update of markers feature is a facility in MIKE 11 to automatically place the markers 1 2 and 3 in case a cross
112. s are required and to do so an empty cross section file needs to be created This is done by selecting New on the File menu followed by Save and then Close Similarly an empty simulation file has to be created and saved The simulation file is loaded and on the Input page of the simulation file editor the name of the network file and the empty cross section file is specified using the E button The network file can now be accessed using the Edit button on the simulation file menu Tutorial sim11 Modified Models Input Simulation Results Start Input Files Network CAtempi Tutorial T utorial nwk11 Cross sections C temp T utorialT utorial ans Boundary data RR Parameters HD Parameters AD Parameters ECOLab Param ST Parameters FF Parameters m a DA Parameters m a Ice Parameters HD Results RR Results 00 00000000000 Figure 7 11 Simulation editor after selection of network and cross section file 7 1 pui Water amp Environment LE Cross section is required to be inserted at upstream and downstream end of both branches This is done using the Pup Up Menu Point at the upstream end of the Main branch and click at the right mouse button and select Insert Network Cross section as shown below 11000 10000 g000 4 Insert Me Cross Sections 4D Ma X Weirs 8000 T Delete HD Parameters n NES MEETS I Culv
113. sation auc Finally since we use artificial measurements in this example also a validation test is included in which we try to re find the parameters used to generate the measurements The example included is called Example2 Test2_Optimisation_Validation The measured discharge timeseries are artificial in the way that they are produced prior to the calibration by running the model with a set of NAM parameters Subsequently the simulated discharges are pertubated with white noise to make the test more realis tically and to prevent the resulting residual to approach zero which is unrealistic any way From a validation point of view the artificial measurements are however still in teresting since at least an expected result is known it might not be the exact result due to the white noise perturbation The setup for generation of the artificial measurements is included in the subfolder named Measurements Sensitivity Analysis RR Parameters The two catchments modelled with the NAM method are described with 7 parameters each I order to determine which of the 14 parameters that are best used for the cali bration a sensitivity analysis is performed The variables are left with their default val ues and the influence of changing them one at a time is calculated Simulation specification Mike 11 produces results in res11 file whereas AUTOCAL evaluates objective functions by comparing dfsO files Hence the hd11 file specifies that time series ou
114. section has been modified or a new section introduced to the cross section file Markers will automatically per default be located at the first x z co ordinate Marker 1 at the lowest z value Marker 2 at the bottom and at the very last x z co ordinate Marker 3 However only the markers activated in the Cross section change options for dialog will be automatically updated Two options are available for updating the location of markers a The Update Markers feature in the Cross sections menu in the Main menu bar updates the location of markers for all cross sections in the cross section file in one operation b Press the Update Markers button This will update the markers for the selected cross section The last feature of the cross section editor to be described here is the Import Export facility The cross section editor file is one of the only file types in the MIKE 11 environment which is binary That is it is not possible to read the content of the cross section file unless opened in the cross section editor and a possibility of exporting the content of the cross section file to a text file is therefore available The Import feature is typically very useful when cross section data from a river survey must is to be used in a river set up From the File menu select Export or Import to write or read text files with cross section data 5 1 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 5 5
115. sections ate required Only the flow is calculated no water levels Kinematic Routing Kinematic Routing can be used to model the hydraulics of upstream tributaries and secondary river branches where the main concern 1s to route the water to the main river system The Kinematic Routing method does not facilitate the use of structures at Kinematic Routing branches Moreover the method does not account for backwater effects At kinematic Routing branches it is possible to run the model without information on cross sections In turn this indicates that Kinematic Rounting branches can not be used to model a looped patt of a river network Employment of Kinematic Routing branches requires that all branches located upstream of a Kinematic Routing branch are defined in the same way Stratified Used when a multilayer description is required Mike12 Used when a two layer description 1s required e Connections Upstream and or downstream branch connections must be specified by River name and Chainage respectively Weirs Data on broad crested weirs special weirs utilising user defined Q h relations Weir Formula 1 and Weir Formula 2 Honma ate entered in this page These data comprise the location of the weir and the geometry of the weir that is a level width table describes the geometry Valve regulations can be selected to include e g flap gates descriptions allowing flow in only one direction Additionally it is possible
116. ser Defined and then entering the desired chainage value When clicking the OK button the chainages in all remaining points within the river branch will be recalculated accordingly DHI Water amp Environment 7 3 MIKE 11 Properties far Point in Branchi Pont Properties Lhalinage Type Lhalnage Figure 7 4 Point properties dialog 7 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 gt 2 Select the item Tabular View in the View menu and change to the Points page of the tabular view as shown below MIKE Zero Tutorial nwk11 File Edit View Network Layers Settings Window Help Dad aR ORM Tutorial nwk11 1 Modified DO Untitled Tutorial nwk11 2 Modified Overview Network Definitions Attributes WF AS X Coordinate Y Coordinate Branch Branch1 Chainage 45843 545 61424 332 55489 6114 Chainage Type System Defined v Type Default v Branches 1 Alignment Lines 0 Junctions 0 Structures Overview o Extend sora tren Chonape Type chamege Type Flunoft groundwater inks 46439 169 96142 433 Branch System Defined Default Grid points 55637 982 87388 724 Branch System Defined 12698 251 Default 59643 917 75816 024 Branch System Defined 24944 675 Default 62611 276 67507 418 Branchl System Defined 33767 268 Default 61424 332 55489 614 Branch System Defined 45843 545 Default 55341 246 47626 113 Branchi System Defined 55785 305 D
117. the achievements for users when examining and working with the enclosed demonstration set ups from the CD Rom MIKE 11 works both as a Demo version without a software key and valid license files and as a Full version with software key and valid license files If MIKE 11 works as Demo version several limitations apply compared to the Full version All editors are accessible and operate as in a full version but restrictions apply for the number of data objects allowed when saving editor data files Limitations for a Demo version ate max 50 grid points in the river set up max 3 river branches max 1 hydraulic structure max 1 Q h boundary DHI Water amp Environment 9 1 9 3 A MIKE 11 max 1 NAM catchment max 10 cross sections max 3 time series items containing max 50 time steps The enclosed two set ups differ from each other primarily by the number of data objects included in the set up The Cali river set up has been reduced from the original size in order to comprise the limitations of the MIKE 11 Demo version It is therefore possible to modify and save input data perform simulations and view results from simulations which means that also users working with the Demo version can use the Cali set up as an exercise to familiarise themselves with MIKE 11 and eventually make a set of what if scenarios E g what happens if I change the Manning number globally What happens if I change the boundary conditio
118. the Phosphorus processes in the water phase menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Decay constant for particulate phosphorus Temperature coefficient for decay Formation constant for particulate phosphorus Temperature coefficient for formation Degradation at the bed In the Degradation of organic matter at the bed menu the following global and or local parameters are specified First order decay for sediment BOD Temperature coefficient for decay of sediment BOD Sediment oxygen demand at 20 C Temperature coefficient for sediment oxygen demand Bed Sediment In the Bed Sediment menu the following global and or local parameters are specified First order adsorption rate of dissolved organic matter Resuspension of organic matter from bed Sedimentation of suspended organic matter 5 32DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 v R Critical flow velocity for resuspension sedimentation of BOD Critical concentration of organic matter in the bed Nitrogen contents In the Nitrogen contents menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Ratio of ammonia released by dissolved suspended and BOD at bed decay Uptake of ammonia in plants and bacteria Nitrification In the Nitrification menu the following global and or local parameters are specified Reaction order for nitrification n 1 or n 0 5 Ammonium decay rate at 20 C Temperature coefficient for decay rate Oxygen demand by nitrificati
119. tion Hatstart filename file Date and Time HD Hotstar E MIKEZero E xampl 1890 08 01 12 00 00 AD ParameterFile FP fissoo o1 12 00 00 st ParameterFie v fissoo o1 12 00 00 HB Parameter File ER E 1990 01 01 12 00 00 Type of Initial condition e Steady State MIKE 11 calculates automatically a steady state profile for the entire model o Hotstart Initial conditions are read from results of previous simulation define a result file e Parameter File Initial conditions are read from Input Parameter file e g HD Parameter file Results property page Specify the filename for results from the simulation Storing frequency can be used to decrease the size of result files by reducing the number of time steps saved e g Storing frequency specified as 10 means that results are saved in the result file for every 10 time step only Start property page In the Start property page you will find two validation groups One group informing on the status of the simulation are all input files required for the simulation specified do the time series files used for boundary conditions have a common period and is the simulation period within this period If a problem exists a red light symbol 1s displayed in the validation group and it will not be possible to start the simulation If all input files are satisfactory a green light symbol is displayed and pressing the Start button starts the simulation Simulatio
120. tion editor The linkage requires a file name to be specified for each of the editors File names are specified on the Input Property Page of the simulation editor Once the editor filenames are specified on the Input page the information from each of the editors is automatically linked That is you will be able to display and access all data from the individual editors such as cross sectional data boundary conditions and different types of parameter file information on the graphical view of the river network editor Working with the Network Editor The Network editor is a very central unit in the MIKE 11 Graphical User Interface From the eraphical view the plan plot of the network editor it is possible to display information from all other data editors in MIKE 11 The Network editor consists of two views a tabular view where the river network data are presented in tables and a graphical view where graphical editing of the river network can be performed as well as data from other editors can be accessed for editing etc 5 4 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 The main functions of the network editor is to SSS e Provide editing facilities for data defining the river network such as digitisation of points and connection of river branches definition of weirs culverts and other hydraulic structures definition of catchments connecting the river model to a rainfall run off model e Provide an overview of all data includ
121. to select the weir geometry from a cross section defined in the cross section file Hence you must select the Geometry Type as Cross section DB and ensure that a cross section exists at exactly the same location river name and chainage in the associated cross section file From the entered data MIKE 11 will calculate Q h relations for critical flow conditions at the weit In order to compute the Q h relation the nearest upstream and downstream cross sections are used Hence the user needs to ensure that the Topo ID specified in the Branches dialog corresponds to the definitions in the cross section file Please note that 1 If no cross section file is associated to the network file through a simulation editor it is not possible to calculate the Q h relations for any structure 2 If changes are made in the nearest upstream or downstream cross section or in the weir descriptions it is required to perform a re computation of the Q h table prior to the simulation Culverts Data on culverts must be specified in this page DHI Water amp Environment 5 9 Gr n C MIKE 11 The page is very similar to the weir page and offers the same options for specifying valve regulations and geometry from a cross section file However some of the variables are specific for the definition of culverts e Invert upstream U S and downstream D S elevation Elevation is the invert elevation at the upstream and downstream end respectiv
122. tput the user must activate the check box in front of the item to save to the additional output result file Flood Plain Resistance Normally the resistance numbers on flood plains are included through editing the relative resistance factors above Level of Divide in the Cross section editor Raw data specifications Hence it is possible to reduce the effective flow area as a function of the water level Another possibility of changing flood plain resistance numbers is to edit the Resistance Factor in the Processed Data in the cross section editor However if the modelling task does not require a water level dependent resistance on flood plains an overall Flood Plain Resistance number can be specified in this page Please note that flood plain resistance numbers are only applied above the Level of Divide Hence it is required also to modify the cross section data in order to activate this feature A global resistance number on the flood plains in the model can be specified This is applied on all flood plains unless local values are specified Local specified values are linearly interpolated Giving the value 99 as resistance number indicates that the flood plain resistance number should be calculated from the raw data in the cross section file User Def Marks The User Defined Markers page offers a possibility for the user to define items in the modelling area which they would like to present on a longitudinal profile from MIKEVi
123. tput is to be generated additionally See the hd11 file As Model Parameter file the RR11 file of the Mike11 setup is specified since that is where the NAM are specified After browsing Example2 Test2 RR11 AUTOCAL fills in the Template file as Example2 Test2_Autocal RR11 Test2_Autocal RR11 is edited and all the NAM parameters are marked as parameters by specifying their values as 1 01e 035 1 14e 035 Finally Sensitivity analysis is chosen as the Simulation option DHI Water amp Environment 9 7 Gr n C MIKE 11 9 7 2 Model Parameters 9 7 3 9 7 4 The model parameter table is partly filled out automatically AUTOCAL lists all the pa rameters recognised for the sensitivity analysis allows the user to specify Name Pa rameter type Initial Value Lower bound Upper bound and Transformation Since we feel we have no idea what the correct values should be we will simply specify the de fault values as initial values and the Lower and Uppet bound as respectively the smallest and largest reasonable value The specified parameters are listed in the following table 1 pom ot EE NS Tod 95 9 99 mH 95 9 999 wa l o Oe 89 o Mx o 0 co sO 10010 10 0 5 0 5 1000 cKi2 1 Top 05 9 99 mp 05 1 9 939 Table Model parameter specification for sensitivity analysis 1 0 99 is the largest value accepted by the engine Autocal calculates the scaled sens
124. ulation editor must be set up as shown in the following diagrams Tutarial simii Modified m Models Input Simulation Results Start Models Hydrodynamic Encroachment Advection Dispersion Sediment transport JECO Lab C Rainfall Fiunaff Flood Forecast C Data assimilation lce Simulation Made 2 Unsteady O Quasi steady Figure 7 20 Simulation editor Models selection page 7 2 bHi Water amp Environment we Tutarial simii Modified Ea Models Simulation Results Start Input Files Network CAtemps Tutorial T utoral rwak l 1 Cross sechons L Mtemp Tutorial Tutorial 311 Boundary data temp Tutorial Tutorial brid 1 RA Parameters HO Parameters L Mtemp Tutorial Tutorial hd11 AD Parameters ECOL ab Param ST Parameters FF Parameters DA Parameters Ice Parameters HD Hesults AR Results AA CotemplTutorialTutorialhidI1 o Pd EMEN A Pd IA SAS OOOO II HO EJE E EJEJEJ EJ EJ EJ EJ EJ 0 Figure 7 21 Simulation editor selection of input files for simulation DHI Water amp Environment 7 21 MIKE 11 Tutorial simi1 Ea Simulation Results Simulation Period Time step type Time step Unit Simulation Start Simulation End Period 01 01 1997 04 01 1997 Apply Default ST time step multiplier HH time step multiplier Initial Conditions Addto Haotstart Type of condition Hotstart filen
125. upgrade or purchase additional modules on an existing installation please contact yout local agent or DHI The most efficient way of communicating is by e mail allowing us to optimise services to our clients Under normal circumstances all e mail messages received at DHI will be answered within 24 hours When contacting your local agent or DHI you should have the following information at the ready e The version number of your MIKE 11 installation e The exact wording of any message that appears on the monitor in case of software problems e A description of what happened and what you were trying to do when the problem occurred e A description of how if at all you tried to solve the problem e The type of hardware you are using including available memory e If you contact DHI by e mail please attached the set up that causes problems DHI Water amp Environment 2 1 2 2 2 3 Gr n C MIKE 11 DHI Training Course DHI software is often used to solve complex and complicated problems which requires a good perception of modelling techniques and the capabilities of the software Therefore DHI provides training courses in the use of our products A list of standard courses is offered to our clients ranging from introduction courses to courses for more advanced users The courses are advertised via DHI Software News and our home page on the Internet We can adapt training courses to very specific subjects and personal wishes We can
126. ut from MIKE 11 and the DHI Urban Sewer modelling product MOUSE showing Combined Sewer Overflow CSO s from MOUSE which pass into the river the resulting hydrodynamic impacts and the effects on river Water Quality parameters More detailed information on the use of MIKE View can be found in the MIKE View User Manual and the integrated on line Help available within MIKE View Descriptions and useful information on the dialogs and other available features are well described within the on help system DHI Water amp Environment 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 Gr n C MIKE 11 What Will Learn in the MIKE View Tutorial This tutorial will guide you step by step through the basic features of MIKE View The result file included in this tutorial is a MIKE 11 result file originates from the Vida demonstration example enclosed with the MIKE 11 Installation but the main principles shown here are also applicable for the viewing of MOUSE result files MOUSE is the DHI system for modelling of Urban Sewer Systems When going through the tutorial you will get the feeling of the most important features of MIKE View With the help of the MIKE View Manual and the MIKE View online Help you should be able to get optimal results in your work with MIKE View Before You Begin You can work with this Tutorial without any prior experience with MIKE View However at this stage MIKE View should be properly installed and you should be able to start the program
127. y midway reused from example1 The two upper bounds are discharge bounds the downstream boundary is a water level boundary The HD model is the model calibrated in example L The objective of the example is Calibrate the model with respect to the AD parameters given timeseries of concentration measured at five different locations in the river Parameter optimisation AD Parameters The measured concentration timeseries are artificial in the way that it is produced prior to the calibration by running the model with a dispersion coefficient of 50 m2 s for Branch1 and 10 m2 s for Branch2 The decay coefficient is set to 0 01 per hour From a validation point of view this is interesting since the correct result of the optimisation is known 9 10 1 Simulation specifications Mike 11 produces results in res11 file whereas AUTOCAL evaluates objective functions by comparing dfsO files Hence the model sequence when using AUTOCAL together with Mike 11 is first a Mike 11 and subsequently a transformation of some parts of the Mike 11 results saved in the res11 format to the dfs0 format The utility program called res11read performs the transformation from res11 to dfs0 The simulation sequence is therefore defined as shown in the following table Model simulatiuon sequence Optional arguments lt Path gt Example3 Test3 sim11 0 9 12 DHI Water amp Environment MIKE 11 c Program Files DHI MikeZero bin res11read exe Silent SomeRes lt
128. ype Initial Value Lower bound Upper bound and Transformation We give the pa rameter the Name ManningsM used for output only set the Parameter type to Vari able let the manning number vary between 10 and 100 with an initial value of 50 Fi nally the transformation is set to real since the manning range doesn t cover decades 9 5 1 3 Objective Functions The objective function specification is the specification of the measure we wants to use as measure for the quality of the calibration Since the only measurements we have in this example is the discharge in Branch1 at chainage 88827 we will use that for our ob jective function AUTOCAL minimises an ageregation of one or more objective functions Each objec tive function may consist of several so called output measures For the present exam ple one objective function is defined We call it RMS_H specify it as weighted sum and give it a weight value of 1 As output measure we specify a measure that we call RMS_H_Branch1_87827 The measure is specified as the RMSE of the difference between the simulated water level and the measured water level both in Branch1 87827 By specifying the weight as 1 and the function name as RMS_H the measure will contribute to the objective function called RMS_H with a weight of 1 Since we only have one output measure in the cur rent example the concept of aggregation of objective functions DHI Water amp Environment 9 5 SS MIKE 11 constructed of sev

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