USER MANUAL Draft sections - International ISBN Agency
Contents
1. Representing the ISBN in an EAN 13 bar code symbology must be done in accordance with ISO IEC 15420 bar code symbology specification EAN UPC that requires the usage of EAN 13 symbols to be in line with the recommendations of GS1 An EAN bar code consists of thirteen digits An example of an ISBN encoded in an EAN 13 bar code symbol is shown below ISBN 978 1 873671 00 9 When used in a bar code the ISBN must be displayed in human readable form immediately above the EAN 13 bar code symbol preceded by ISBN Example of printing the ISBN in EAN 13 bar code symbology SBN 978 1 873671 00 1873 671 Further information on the introduction and use of the EAN 13 bar code symbol is provided by the ISBN group agencies and the International ISBN Agency Group agencies are encouraged to cooperate directly with the GS1 organisations on a national or regional level The recommended location of the EAN 13 bar code symbol for publications is the lower right quadrant of the back near the spine 8 3 Five digit add on code In the United States and Canada a five digit add on to the bar code is used in the book trade to indicate the price For further information on bar codes in the United States and Canada visit the Book Industry Study Group website www bisg org The five digit add on code should not be used for price information in other countries although it may be used with a 9 prefix for a publisher s own in house use e g for2. 5 7 Backlist A publisher is required to number all backlist publications and publish the ISBNs in any catalogues that the publisher produces whether these catalogues are in print or electronic format The ISBN must also appear in the first available reprint or reissue of a backlist title 5 8 Collaborative publications A publication issued as a joint imprint with other publishers is usually assigned an ISBN by the publisher s in charge of distribution However it is permissible for each of the co publishers to assign its own ISBN and display each of them on the copyright page In such cases only one of these ISBNs shall be displayed as a bar code on the publication 5 9 Publications sold or distributed by agents Below b and d apply only to countries that are not yet participating in the system a As the ISBN standard states a particular edition published by a particular publisher receives only one ISBN This ISBN must be retained no matter where or by whom the publication is distributed or sold b A publication imported by an exclusive distributor or sole agent from an area that is not in the ISBN system and has no ISBNs assigned to it may be assigned an ISBN by the exclusive distributor c Publications imported by an exclusive distributor or sole agent to which a new title page bearing the imprint of the exclusive distributor has been added in place of the title page of the original publisher are to be given a new ISBN by the
3. registration group test segment 07777 Registration group 0 Note This test ISBN is valid because the registration group test segment is within the range 00000 to 59999 which has a specified registration group length of 1 defined and valid Table 3 illustrates the distribution of registrant element ranges and publication elements within registration group 978 0 The registrant element ranges for use within each registration group will be defined by the International ISBN Agency based on anticipated publishing programmes for that registration group Table 3 Distribution of registrant element ranges and publication elements within group 978 0 Registration Registrant element range Numbers available per registrant Tor group publication identification 978 0 00 19 1 000 000 200 699 100 000 7000 8499 10 000 85000 89999 1 000 900000 949999 100 9500000 9999999 10 Table 4 illustrates how to derive the internal structure for the registration group 978 0 An examination of the five digits following the registrant group element will permit the determination of the length of the registrant element Once the registrant length is known the publication element length can be derived Table 4 Method of deriving the internal structure for registration group 978 0 If the five digits Registrant Publication The internal divisions would occur after each of the following digits and following the l
4. handling returns These supplementary codes always start with 9 within the range 90000 98999 8 4 Algorithm for generating the ISBN and EAN UCC bar code See Check digit section A1 1 Appendix for information on calculating the check digit of the ISBN See Distribution of ranges A1 2 Appendix for formulaic information required to split the ISBN 9 Administration of the ISBN System 9 1 General The administration of the ISBN system is carried out on three levels international ISBN registration agency and publisher 9 2 International administration The principal functions and responsibilities of the International ISBN Agency are e To promote coordinate and supervise the worldwide use of the ISBN system e To represent the interests of the ISBN community to other relevant organisations e To appoint appropriate organisations as ISBN registration agencies and revoke such appointments as necessary e To define registration groups and their areas of responsibility and allocate them to appropriate ISBN registration agencies e To determine the definition of registration group rules that govern the length of available registrant elements within each group and ensure that an accurate and comprehensive register of these rules is available publicly at all times s To allocate ranges of unique registrant elements within the appropriate registration group to ISBN registration agencies and to maintain a complete and accurate
5. when a full ONIX for Books message is unnecessary Further information on ONIX is available from EDItEUR United House North Road London N7 9DP UK Tel 44 0 20 7503 6418 Fax 44 0 20 7503 6418 Email info editeur org URL http Avww editeur org 8 ONIX 14 Publications Publishers International ISBN Directory PIID The Publishers International ISBN Directory PIID comprises all assigned registrant elements and corresponding publisher contact details It is currently published both in a printed and online version Further information at URL http isbn international org page directory 15 Frequently Asked Questions about the ISBN System See ISBN FAQs at URL http isbn international org fags 26 APPENDIX 1 Check digit calculation and distribution of ranges A1 1 Calculating the Check Digit Each of the first 12 digits of the ISBN is alternately multiplied by 1 and 3 The check digit is equal to 10 minus the remainder resulting from dividing the sum of the weighted products of the first 12 digits by 10 with one exception If this calculation results in an apparent check digit of 10 the check digit is 0 Use the following steps to calculate the check digit for the ISBN 978 0 11 000222 Step 1 Determine the sum of the weighted products for the first 12 digits of the ISBN see following table Prefix Registration Registrant Public
6. Tel 44 0 20 7878 7900 Fax 44 0 20 7878 7950 Email isrc ifpi org URL http www ifpi org isrc 12 8 ISSN The International Standard Serial Number ISSN ISO 3297 is the standard international identifier for serial publications i e publications that are issued over time with no predetermined conclusion Such publications are usually issued in successive or integrating issues that generally have numerical and or chronological designations Typical examples include serials such as newspapers periodicals journals magazines etc and Ongoing integrating resources such as loose leaf publications that are continually updated 23 The ISSN is administered by the ISSN International Centre ISSN International Centre 5 rue de Turbigo 75003 PARIS FRANCE Tel 33 1 44 88 22 20 Fax 33 1 40 26 32 43 Email issnic issn org URL http Avww issn org Certain publications such as yearbooks annuals monographic series etc should be assigned an ISSN for the serial title which will remain the same for all the parts or individual volumes of the serial and an ISBN for each individual volume If ISBN and ISSN are assigned to a publication they must be both clearly identified 12 9 ISTC The International Standard Text Code ISTC ISO 21047 is a numbering system for the unique identification of text based works the term work can refer to any content appearing in conventional printed books audio books static e books o
7. articles are made available separately by a publisher they qualify as monographic publications and shall be assigned an ISBN This does not apply in the case of offprint or preprint copies that are ordered by the author s of the article for their own distribution purposes 3A publication that is issued over time with no predetermined conclusion Such a publication is usually issued in successive or integrating issues which generally have numerical and or chronological designations Typical examples include serials such as newspapers periodicals journals magazines etc and integrating resources such as updating loose leaf publications and updating websites Tar example each separate product form of the novel The Old Man and the Sea is eligible for an ISBN but the novel itself as an abstract textual work shall not be assigned an ISBN Where one qualifying product is made available accompanied by a secondary item that does not itself qualify for ISBN then one ISBN should be used to identify the items in combination and another ISBN to identify the qualifying product if it is also available separately However as it is outside the scope of ISBN an ISBN shall not be used to identify the secondary element if it too is made available separately Some identifiers such as the ISSN and ISMN have precise rules as to the scope of materials that qualify for assignment whereas some other identifiers such as GTIN 13 for trade items may be used acro
8. audiobook online electronic publication require separate ISBNs Where electronic publications are made available in different file formats each separately available format shall be assigned a unique ISBN See section 6 3 for further information on dealing with e book file formats 5 5 Loose leaf publications An ISBN should be assigned to a finite loose leaf publication that is a loose leaf publication not intended to continue indefinitely An ISBN should not be assigned to either a loose leaf publication that is continually updated integrating resource or to the individual updated sections 5 6 Multi volume publications Publications may comprise more than one volume and in these cases an ISBN must be assigned to cover the entire set Where individual volumes of the set are available separately each volume must be assigned a unique ISBN to identify it The verso of the title page or an equivalent position in a non print version in each case should clearly display the ISBN for the set as a whole as well as the ISBN for that particular volume Even if the multiple volume publication will only be available as a complete set the assignment of a separate ISBN to each individual volume is still recommended Doing so will facilitate various stages of transaction processing including the handling of shipments when not all volumes are simultaneously published or distributed and the supply of replacements in the case of damaged copies
9. looking for accessible publications and so that the versions are separately identified However also in this case when the usage rights are defined during the transaction between the vendor and the user there is no need to assign separate ISBNs Example 5 A publisher releases a publication in one format with one ISBN and then offers to customers a service to acquire different usage rights on demand Similarly to example 3 above separate ISBNs are not required to identify the individual customised transactions If publishers are using intermediaries to generate different formats of their e books then they should provide separate ISBNs for the intermediaries to assign to each format N B The method outlined in this paragraph is not the recommended solution and should only be used in cases where a publisher refuses to assign individual ISBNs to each product If a publisher will not provide ISBNs to intermediaries for each separate format then intermediaries may assign their own ISBNs ISBN agencies will provide ISBN registrant elements to intermediaries for this purpose In this case ISBNs and related metadata should be reported back to the publisher and to the national ISBN agency and other bibliographic agencies A number of applications are in the development stages that will rely heavily on unambiguous identification Though not yet fully operational they will depend on clear identification of individual products and highly granular
10. on the Internet it will qualify for an ISBN provided that it contains text and is made available to the public and that there is no intention for the publication to be a continuing resource Such publications may also include pictures and sounds The following types of electronic publications shall not be assigned an ISBN e Publications that are subject to frequent update and where access is possible to these changes almost immediately such as online databases Websites Promotional or advertising materials Bulletin boards Emails and other electronic correspondence Search engines Games Personal documents such as an electronic curriculum vitae or personal profile Schedulers diaries 6 2 ISBN for eligible software products An ISBN may be used to identify a specific software product that is intended for educational and or instructional purposes such as a computer based training product provided that it is neither customisable nor requires data in order to function All other software products e g computer games shall not be assigned an ISBN 6 3 Principles for assignment of ISBN to electronic publications and eligible software products Publications need separate ISBNs if anyone in the supply chain needs to identify them separately ISBN is an identifier of monographic publications books and related products available to the public ISBN should not be used to identify files that only pass between publishers and typesette
11. ISBN second determine the registrant and publication element lengths using the registration group rules Registration group rules are available from the International ISBN Agency Table 1 illustrates the distribution of registration group ranges within prefix element 978 Any other EAN UCC prefix defined for use within the ISBN system will have registration group rules available from the International ISBN Agency prior to any registration group assignment within that EAN UCC prefix It is strongly recommended to check with the 28 International ISBN Agency on a regular basis for possible additions or changes to registration group rules Table 1 Distribution of registration group ranges within prefix element 978 Prefix element Registration Group Numbers available per Registration Group element range 978 0 5 100 000 000 600 649 1 000 000 6500000 6999999 undefined range 7 100 000 000 80 94 10 000 000 950 989 1 000 000 9900 9989 100 000 99900 99999 10 000 Table 2 illustrates how to derive the registration group structure in prefix element 978 for a given ISBN An examination of the five digits following the prefix element will permit the determination of the length of the registration group element Once the registration group length is known the registrant group can be derived Table 2 Method of deriving the registration group structure for prefix element 978 If the five digits Registration Group The pre
12. The International Standard Book Number System ISBN Users Manual International Edition Sixth Edition International ISBN Agency London 2012 The most up to date version of the SBN Users Manual will be found on the website of the International ISBN Agency http www isbn international org ISBN 978 92 95055 02 5 2012 by International ISBN Agency London UK Sixth Edition Permission is granted for the reprinting of any material in this brochure subject to due acknowledgement of the source and to a copy preferably electronic being sent to the International ISBN Agency Contents Tz lt T Ts l PHH 5 2 Benefits Of the ISBN PT 6 3 The Function and Scope of the ISBN ssssssseeeeeeesssssseeeeeee essere essere ees 6 4 Structure of the ISBN iiien censor leeee readies 8 4 1 Prefix Clement vsz z rs 22 2 x a a 29229 chiens ca E a E 22T 2 29 2 9 4 2 Registration group element eee eee eee eee 9 4 3 Registrant element eee eee eee eee 9 AA PUBIGAUON element 3 estcet crc cans tect tebe oti EST 045 cana a e Ey Taer 9 AB Check digit 2 eek Sead care Bertie a Sore ec nes Sta tees rag emanate Denis teem Da te 9 5 Application of ISBN scsccccecce secs iccececs sevice ss eatacecs decease sc caxess cticerieathnacncticestiacnaetec 10 5 1 General eree i ee canter a E a eaten ener E E A A 10 5 2 Changes to publications sse eee eee eee eee 10 5S lela Tenia 1 10 5 4 Publications in different product Toma 10 5 5 Loose leaf publica
13. To ensure that continuous service is provided e To issue notification of the assignment of an ISBN or an ISBN registrant element to the registrant of that monographic publication or publisher name e Tocreate manage and maintain registers of ISBN ISBN metadata and administrative data in accordance with the policies set out by the International ISBN Agency Tasks involving ISBN metadata may be delegated to a designated bibliographic agency provided that compliance is made with these specifications e To correct inaccurate ISBNs and ISBN metadata if proof of such inaccuracy is provided s To make ISBN and associated metadata available to other registration agencies and to users of the ISBN system in compliance with policies set out by the International ISBN Agency e To collate and maintain statistical data on its ISBN related operations and report these at the stipulated intervals to the International ISBN Agency s To promote educate and train others in the use of the ISBN system in compliance with the specifications of the applicable edition of the ISBN standard in force at the time e To adhere to the ISBN policies and procedures established by the International ISBN Agency in compliance with the specifications of the applicable edition of the ISBN standard in force at the time 9 4 Publisher administration Publishers are responsible for assigning publication elements to the individual items they publish and for ensuring the applicati
14. and fourth elements of the ISBN registration group element registrant element publication element varies The length of the registration group element and of the registrant element is relative to the anticipated publishing output of the registration group or registrant When these elements are short in length it indicates that the output of the registration group or the registrant or both is expected to be a large number of publications 4 1 Prefix element The first element of the ISBN is a three digit number that is made available by GS1 formerly EAN International Prefixes that have already been made available by GS1 are 978 and 979 but there may be a further prefix allocation made in the future as required to ensure the continued capacity of the ISBN system EXAMPLE 978 4 2 Registration group element The second element of the ISBN identifies the country geographical region or language area participating in the ISBN system Some members of the ISBN system form language areas e g registration group number 3 German language group within prefix element 978 others form regional units e g registration group number 982 South Pacific within prefix element 978 The length of this element varies but may comprise up to 5 digits Registration group elements are allocated by the International ISBN Agency EXAMPLE 978 0 4 3 Registrant element The third element of the ISBN identifies a particular publisher or imprint within a reg
15. ation element Check element group element digit Sum element ISBN 9 8 0 1 1 010 JO 2 Weight 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 Product 9 21 8 0 1 010 0 2 56 Step 2 Divide the sum of the weighted products of the first 12 digits of the ISBN calculated in step 1 by 10 determining the remainder 56 10 5 remainder 6 Step 3 Subtract the remainder calculated in step 2 from 10 The resulting difference is the value of the check digit with one exception If the remainder from step 2 is 0 the check digit is 0 10 6 4 Check digit 4 ISBN 978 0 1 1 000222 4 The following mathematical formula is an alternative way of expressing the calculation of the check digit Check digit mod 10 10 mod 10 sum of weighted products of the first 12 ISBN digits Check digit mod 10 10 mod 10 56 Check digit 4 The sum of the weighted products of the first 12 digits plus the check digit must be divisible by 10 without a remainder for the ISBN to be valid Note The length of the registration group registrant and publication elements are variable and may not always be the same as in the example table above Not all registration group 27 and registrant combinations are valid See Distribution of ranges section for formulaic information required to validate and split an ISBN Please contact your local ISBN registration agency who will be able to assist you with calculating your ISBNs either by providing pre ca
16. ation of an underlying file type such as EPUB paf etc and digital rights management software such as Adobe s ACS4 Apple s Fairplay etc e Where proprietary DRM is used that ties a version to a specific platform device or software separate ISBNs should be used for each such version e Where digital publications are being supplied by a retailer that is the sole provider of e books in a proprietary format that can only be bought through their own websites e g Amazon Kindle Apple i books and that retailer does not require ISBNs it is not necessary to assign ISBNs to those versions although it may be useful to do so for tracking sales or for listing publications in third party databases of available e books If ISBNs are assigned they should be unique to that version e Anew ISBN may be assigned when a book is digitised by a library or other organisation under certain circumstances If the electronic version is made available to the public then as a new product it should be identified by a separate ISBN regardless of whether or not there is a charge for access to the digital version e Where a publication is available in a supply chain with more than one specific type of DRM whether offered by the original publisher or by a vendor later in the chain then each of these are unique products that need to be identified by unique ISBNs Example 1 A publisher produces two EPUB versions of the same book each with different DRMs and th
17. d should therefore be associated with it from early production stages An essential instrument in production distribution sales analysis and bibliographic data storage systems in the book trade ISBN is also of vital importance to library information management However where a product is appropriate to another specific numbering system such as continuing resources and ongoing integrating resources which qualify for the ISSN and printed music which qualifies for the ISMN then that system must be used If appropriate such identifiers should be used in conjunction with the ISBN Further information on other types of identifier is provided in section 12 ISBNs are assigned to monographic publications including related products such as publications available as sets or as completed series that are available to the public whether those publications and related products are available on a gratis basis or to purchase In addition individual sections such as chapters of monographic publications or issues or articles of continuing resources that are made available separately may also use the ISBN as an identifier Provided that the publication qualifies for ISBN assignment it is of no importance in what physical form the content is documented and distributed however each product form should be identified separately Examples of types of monographic publications to which an ISBN shall be assigned are e Printed books and pamphlets e Brai
18. e 18 9 2 International administration ccccceceecceeceeeeeeceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 18 9 3 ISBN registration agencies eee eee eee eee 19 9 4 Publisher administration e 20 10 Non participating Publishers sssseeessssssseeeeeeesssssseeeeeeeessssseeree ereenn ereenn 20 Ti ISBN aNd Ee TTT 21 12 ISBN and Other Identifiers s eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeenees 21 121 ele 21 t T STO 21 Fe GTIN eaman haa IN desu nh atid Niece oh cbt sted cuba E cok A nah tes 22 AZ AUR occas steak ial ehat ucts aalanig shat aba uenbd eect anata A kaue a Seaucthl atabanan 22 TZ5ISAN oh cient tise ca te he eat HT 22 1 TO TC Sci ck erat cat han cS Cache an ch needa hin Rak ete Etch acts ten ated ian eat 23 DF RSG elect crs AE ETE TEE EA EE E ETE AEO 23 12 8 1SSN inen E ate eacbad eee mMatl ade 23 TJS TO nse a r EE EE AE A E EE 24 PA OS WW Gogh e a r a Deeds a E a E EEE Mla Geel atone 24 E b Ien e T 25 ES ONIX TOR BOOKS HH 25 14 P blicat OS sxva xs ni sss caves cee ace tive ce naeran enperadore aN an NNa NoN inean aiani 26 15 Frequently Asked Questions About the ISBN Systeme ecce e 26 APPENDIX 1 Check digit calculation and distribution of ranges cccssse 27 A1 1 Calculating the Check Digit eee 27 A1 2 Distribution of ranges sese eee eee eee eee 28 1 Background The question of the need for and feasibility of an international numbering system for books was first disc
19. en distributes them through the supply chain through different intermediaries An ISBN is required for each of the specific DRM versions of the product Example 2 A publisher produces a file in EPUB format and releases this to a vendor who applies two different types of DRM to the EPUB and makes the two versions available separately as two distinct products An ISBN is required for each of the specific DRM versions of the product the ISBN may be assigned by the publisher or by the vendor if the publisher does not do so Example 3 A vendor offers to the public the possibility to buy an e book and to customise on demand the type of DRM to be applied In this case the DRM is applied at transaction level and there is no need to assign different ISBNs since there is no ambiguity in the dialogue between the vendor and the buyer If a publication is made available with different usage rights e g adjusting the usage settings so that printing is allowed in one but not in another each version must be assigned a unique ISBN In almost all cases usage rights are controlled using settings within the DRM software Example 4 A publisher releases a publication one version of the publication is available with accessibility features such as text to speech controlled through the DRM software and one without Each of the versions must have unique ISBNs in order that the particular attributes are clear to potential buyers and users especially those
20. ength is element associated elements Registration length is Group are between 00000 19999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 6th registrant 12th publication 20000 69999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 7th registrant 12th publication 70000 84999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 8th registrant 12th publication 85000 89999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 9th registrant 12th publication 90000 94999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 10th registrant 12th publication 95000 99999 3rd prefix 4th registration group 11th registrant 12th publication EXAMPLE Test ISBN 9780777777770 EAN UCC prefix 978 Registration group 0 registrant test segment 77777 Registrant 7777 Publication 7777 30 Check digit 0 Displayable ISBN 978 0 7777 7777 0 Note The registrant test segment is within the range from 70000 to 84999 which has a specified registrant length of 4 defined and valid Table 5 illustrates the distribution of registrant number ranges and maximum publications per registrant within registration group 978 951 Table 5 Distribution of registrant number ranges and publications within registration group 978 951 Registration Registrant element range Numbers available per registrant for group publication identification 978 951 0 1 100 000 20 54 10 000 550 889 1 000 8900 9499 100 95000 99999 10 Table 6 ill
21. exclusive distributor or sole agent The ISBN of the original publisher should also be given d A publication imported by several distributors from an area not in the ISBN system and that has no ISBNs assigned to it may be assigned an ISBN by the group agency responsible for those distributors 5 10 Acquisition of one publisher by another A publisher acquiring another publishing house can continue to use the unassigned ISBNs from the originally assigned registrant element The national ISBN Agency responsible for that registrant element should be informed of the change of ownership of the registrant element 5 11 Acquisition of complete stock of and rights in publication A publisher acquiring the complete stock of and rights to a publication s can continue to use the originally assigned ISBN until the new company reprints or reissues the publication under that company s own ISBN registrant element 5 12 Publishers with more than one place of publication A publisher operating in several places that are listed together in the imprint of a publication must assign only one ISBN to that publication A publisher operating separate and distinct offices or branches in different places may have a registrant element for each office or branch However each publication is to be assigned only one ISBN by the office or branch responsible for the publication 5 13 Register of ISBNs and accompanying metadata It is the responsibility of the publisher
22. fix element and Registration following the prefix length is Group divisions would occur after element are between the following digits and associated elements 00000 59999 60000 64999 65000 69999 70000 79999 80000 94999 95000 98999 99000 99899 99900 99999 3rd prefix element 4th registration group 3rd prefix element 6th registration group undefined undefined range 3rd prefix element 4th registration group 3rd prefix element 5th registration group 3rd prefix element 6th registration group 3rd prefix element 7th registration group 8th registration group Qn E GM 00 3rd prefix element The length of the registrant element is established within each registration group by ISBN registration agencies in accordance with the needs of the publishing industry within their designated area The ranges assigned to each registration group must be established in advance by the International ISBN Agency before determining distribution of ranges of ISBNs to publishers within those groups EXAMPLE 1 Test ISBN 9786999999990 EAN UCC prefix 978 registration group test segment 69999 Registration group undefined and invalid Note This test ISBN is not valid because the registration group test segment is within the group 65000 to 69999 which has a specified group length of 0 currently undefined EXAMPLE 2 29 Test ISBN 9780777777770 EAN UCC prefix 978
23. forms and editions of a book whether printed or digital to be clearly differentiated ensuring that customers receive the version that they require e The ISBN facilitates compilation and updating of book trade directories and bibliographic databases such as catalogues of books in print Information on available books can be found easily e Ordering and distribution of books is mainly executed by ISBN this is a fast and efficient method e The ISBN is machine readable in the form of a 13 digit EAN 13 bar code This is fast and avoids mistakes e The ISBN is required for the running of electronic point of sale systems in bookshops e Many publishing and supply chain systems are based on ISBN e The accumulation of sales data is done by the ISBN This enables the varying successes of different product forms and editions of publications to be monitored as well as enabling comparisons between different subject areas and even different publishing houses e The national lending right in some countries is based on the ISBN Such schemes enable authors and illustrators to receive payments proportionate to the number of times that their books are lent out by public libraries 3 The Function and Scope of the ISBN Recognised in more than 160 countries throughout the world the International Standard Book Number is a short and clear identifier that is potentially machine readable The ISBN denotes a particular monographic publication uniquely an
24. he International Standard Name Identifier ISNI is a draft ISO Standard ISO 27729 whose scope is the identification of Public Identities of parties that is the identities used publicly by parties involved throughout the media content industries in the creation production management and content distribution chains The ISNI system uniquely identifies Public Identities across multiple fields of creative activity The ISNI provides a tool for disambiguating Public Identities that might otherwise be confused ISNI is not intended to provide direct access to comprehensive information about a Public Identity but can provide links to other systems where such information is held Further information is available from ISNI International Agency Ltd c o ALCS The Writers House 13 Haydon Street London EC3N 1DB UK Email info isni org URL http Avww isni org 13 ONIX for Books The ONIX for Books Product Information Message is the international standard for representing and communicating book industry product information in electronic form ONIX for Books was developed by EDItEUR jointly with the Book Industry Study Group USA and Book Industry Communication UK and is now used widely across the globe Continued development of ONIX is now managed by a network of National Groups and an International Steering Committee coordinated by EDItEUR The latest version at the time of writing is Release 3 0 For publishers experience has show
25. ion of a publisher in the ISBN scheme the relevant group agency should contact the publisher and advise them of the importance and value of assigning ISBNs to all qualifying publications and supply them with full details about how to adopt the standard In the case of publishers who only publish an occasional title and who are never likely to be in the position of assuming the responsibility themselves for numbering the group agency may nominate a registrant element to assign to miscellaneous publishers and number all publications using that block irrespective of the publisher concerned This practice should be adopted with strict control because of the confusion it can produce being an exception of the general rule of one registrant element to one publisher imprint In these cases only the individual ISBNs from this allocation and not the registrant element can uniquely identify a particular publisher In some countries the group agency assigns ISBNs to publications received for legal deposit that do not already have an ISBN allocated The group agency then informs the publisher about the ISBN that has been assigned and publicises it in the national bibliography 20 11 ISBN and GS1 In 1997 an agreement was concluded between the EAN International EAN the Uniform Code Council UCC the International ISBN Agency and the International ISMN Agency to foster mutual cooperation It provides an observer status to respective representatives at
26. istration group The length of this element varies in direct relationship to the anticipated output of the publisher and may comprise up to 7 digits Publishers with the largest expected title outputs are assigned the shortest registrant elements and vice versa Potential registrants apply to the ISBN group agency responsible for the management of the ISBN system within the country region or language group where they are based in order to be assigned registrant elements that are unique to them Once they have exhausted the allocation of ISBNs that is linked to their registrant element they may be assigned an additional registrant element providing further allocations of ISBNs EXAMPLE 978 0 11 4 4 Publication element The fourth element of the ISBN identifies a specific edition of a publication by a specific publisher The length of this element varies in direct relationship to the anticipated output of the publisher concerned and may comprise up to 6 digits Publishers with the largest expected title outputs are assigned the longest publication elements and vice versa To ensure that the correct length of the ISBN is maintained blank digits are represented by leading zeros EXAMPLE 978 0 1 1 000222 4 5 Check digit The fifth element of the ISBN is the check digit This is calculated using a modulus 10 algorithm See Appendix 1 for calculation method or contact your local ISBN agency for advice 5 Application of ISBN 5 1 General A
27. lculated lists of the ISBNs or by providing software to enable you to calculate your own ISBNs A1 2 Distribution of ranges Ranges are allocated according to anticipated demand i e the size of the publishing programme within a particular regional or language grouping Some registration group elements are held in reserve by the International ISBN Agency to ensure future capacity The International ISBN Agency will allocate these as necessary when ranges are low in any particular grouping Additionally registrant ranges within a registration group that has already been allocated to a specific regional or language grouping may remain undefined to satisfy future needs Comprehensive details of registration groups and registrant range metadata is available from the International ISBN Agency and enables the validation of the current allocation of defined ranges Not all registration group and registrant combinations are valid The formulaic information using the comprehensive group and registrant range metadata required to split the ISBN into its constituent parts follows below See Calculating the Check digit section for information regarding check digit calculation and validation The number of digits in each of the ISBN elements for registration group registrant and publication varies in length although the number of digits contained in these three elements is nine in total These nine digits together with the three digit prefix element and
28. lle publications e Publications that are not intended by the publisher to be updated regularly or continued indefinitely e Individual articles or issues of a particular continuing resource but not the continuing resource in its entirety Maps Educational instructional films videos and transparencies Audiobooks on cassette or CD or DVD talking books Electronic publications either on physical carriers such as machine readable tapes diskettes or CD ROMs or on the Internet for download or streaming Digitised copies of printed monographic publications Microform publications Educational or instructional software Mixed media publications where the principal constituent is text based Some examples of the types of material to which an ISBN shall NOT be assigned are e Continuing resources treated in their entirety as bibliographic entities individual issues may qualify for ISBNs e Abstract entities such as textual works and other abstract creations of intellectual or artistic content Ephemeral printed materials such as advertising matter and the like Printed music Art prints and art folders without title page and text Personal documents such as an electronic curriculum vitae or personal profile Greetings cards Music sound recordings Software that is intended for any purpose other than educational or instructional Electronic bulletin boards Emails and other electronic correspondence Games Where individual
29. metadata for their success An example of this is a platform dedicated to providing information about accessible versions In order to meet the precise needs and wants of the user it is essential that the different publications with their individual accessibility features are very clearly identified and differentiated With unambiguous identification through separate ISBN the user will be directed accurately to the most suitable version that meets their exact needs every time It is also possible to envisage other types of applications and services that would also depend on this granular approach e Asingle ISBN may cover two or more items in a package consisting of the software product and its accompanying user and technical manuals if the manuals are necessary in order to operate the software and are useful only as an adjunct to the software 7 ISBN for Print on Demand Publications For the purposes of ISBN assignment print on demand is simply a form of print technology A print on demand publication is printed and bound in response to a specific order from a customer Such orders are often for single copies of publications that would otherwise be declared out of print since normal print runs would not be economical If the on demand version of a publication is in a different product form from the previously published non on demand version e g if a hardback becomes a paperback when it shifts to being on demand a new ISBN is req
30. n that ONIX for Books brings two important business benefits As a communications format it makes it possible to deliver rich product information into the supply chain in a standard form to wholesalers and distributors to larger retailers to data aggregators and to affiliate companies And by providing a template for the content and structure of a product record ONIX has helped to stimulate the introduction of better internal information systems capable of bringing together all the metadata needed for the description and promotion of new and backlist titles The same core data can also be used to produce advance information sheets catalogues and other promotional material For downstream supply chain partners ONIX for Books means more efficient and rapid loading of up to date product information into customer facing systems with less need for manual intervention and much lower risk of error 25 ONIX for Books has been mapped to MARC 21 by the Library of Congress and to UNIMARC by The British Library It is being used by some national libraries to receive product information from publishers for Cataloguing in Publication CIP purposes or to enhance Online Public Access Catalogues OPACs A specification for a subset of ONIX for Books is available aimed specifically at carrying the metadata required for ISBN registration This can be used by publishers to inform Registration Agencies about ISBNs they have allocated to their products
31. on of pertinent regulations They may apply for and receive a registrant element from an ISBN registration agency together with a printout or electronic file of the individual ISBNs that are available to them within the allocated registrant element Some ISBN registration agencies may charge a fee for these services The ISBN registration agency will determine the range of publication elements that will be available to the publisher The range assigned will be determined based on current and anticipated future publication output and is directly related to the length of the registrant element allocated The publisher should ensure that the ISBN registration agency has as much information as possible about all available backlist publications and should advise the agency of all present and future publications in order for the assignment of a suitably sized registrant element The publisher should supply the ISBN registration agency or its designated local bibliographic agency with a specified amount of metadata about the publication to which the ISBN is assigned The specifications concerning the type and format of the metadata are established by the International ISBN Agency in cooperation with the ISBN registration agencies see section 5 13 above Further information and detailed instructions concerning the ISBN system are available from the appropriate ISBN registration agency 10 Non participating Publishers In the case of the non participat
32. one another s general assemblies suggests consultations and regulates the numbering of non printed book material In February 2005 EAN International and the Uniform Code Council UCC came together under the name of GS1 Contact details GS1 Global Office Blue Tower Avenue Louise 326 B 1050 Brussels Belgium Tel 32 2 788 7800 Fax 32 2 788 7899 Email contactus gs1 org URL http Awww gs1 org Contact details for national GS1 organisations http www gs1 org contact 12 ISBN and Other Identifiers 12 1 DOI The Digital Object Identifier DOIS System is for identifying content objects in the digital environment DOI names are assigned to any entity for use on digital networks They are used to provide current information including where they or information about them can be found on the Internet Information about a digital object may change over time including where to find it but its DOI name will not change International DOI Foundation Tel 44 0 1865 559070 Email n paskin doi org URL http Awww doi org 12 2 ISBN A The Actionable ISBN ISBN A is a syntax and service provided by some ISBN agencies and powered by DOI in which an existing ISBN is expressed in the DOI System providing the ability to link an ISBN to one or more URLs International ISBN Agency United House North Road London N7 9DP United Kingdom Tel 44 0 20 7503 6418 Email info isbn international org URL http Awww doi
33. org factsheets ISBN A html 21 12 3 GTIN The GTIN Global Trade Item Number is a generic term for all the EAN UCC product identifiers including the EAN 13 representation of the ISBN GS1 Global Office Blue Tower Avenue Louise 326 B 1050 Brussels Belgium Tel 32 2 788 7800 Fax 32 2 788 7899 Email contactus gs1 org URL http Awww gs1 org barcodes technical idkeys gtin 12 4 URN Uniform Resource Names URNSs are persistent resource identifiers Their syntax defined in Internet standard RFC 2141 is lt URN gt urn lt NID gt lt NSS gt where lt NID gt is the Namespace Identifier and lt NSS gt is the Namespace Specific String The leading urn and Namespace Identifier are case insensitive NID isbn has been reserved for the ISBN system in RFC 3187 see link below According to this RFC any URN based on ISBN has the following syntax urn ison lt NSS gt where the Namespace Specific String contains the ISBN in machine readable form For instance urn isbn 97801 10002224 http tools ietf org html draft ietf urnbis rfc3187bis isbn urn 00 12 5 ISAN The International Standard Audiovisual Number ISAN is a voluntary numbering system and metadata schema enabling the identification of any audiovisual work including films shorts documentaries television programs sports events advertising and also their related versions ISAN is registered as IS015706 1 and 15706 2 The Regist
34. ot possible to display the ISBN on the container or its label then the ISBN shall be displayed at the bottom of the back of any permanent packaging for that container e g the box sleeve or frame The different formats of an electronic publication shall be given an individual ISBN if they are made available separately If the publication is made available in two formats that are always bundled together for sale then only one ISBN is required Where formats are made available separately all the ISBNs should be listed one below the other on all versions and the abbreviated format should be mentioned in parentheses at the end of its ISBN Examples ISBN 978 951 45 9693 3 hardback ISBN 978 951 45 9694 0 paperback ISBN 978 951 45 9695 7 PDF ISBN 978 951 45 9696 4 EPUB without DRM ISBN 978 951 45 9999 5 EPUB with ACS4 DRM The ISBN shall also appear on any accompanying material issued in conjunction with the publication The ISBN should always be printed in type large enough to be easily legible i e 9 point or larger 8 2 ISBN in bar coded form The rapid worldwide expansion of bar code scanning has brought into prominence the agreement reached between GS1 formerly EAN International and the Uniform Code Council and the International ISBN and International ISMN Agency which allows the ISBN to be encoded into an EAN 13 bar code This makes the ISBN an international identifier compatible with the worldwide bar coding scheme
35. r enhanced digital books as well as content which might appear in a newspaper or journal The ISTC is not assigned to physical products or other manifestations of a work Such physical products i e a printed book a talking book or the electronic versions of such products shall be assigned an ISBN Further information is available from EDItEUR United House North Road London N7 9DP UK Tel 44 0 20 7503 6418 Fax 44 0 20 7503 6418 Email info editeur org URL www istc international org 12 10 ISWC The International Standard Musical Work Code ISWC identifies musical works as intangible creations It is not used to identify manifestations of or objects related to musical works Such manifestations and objects are the subject of separate identification systems such as ISRC and ISMN see descriptions elsewhere in this section Example Mozart s Die Zauberfl te The Magic Flute would be eligible for an ISWC to identify the work The many printed scores would each qualify for ISMNs the libretti and their translations for ISTCs and ISBNs for the publications thereof a video of a performance would receive an ISAN and a sound recording of the opera an ISRC Further information is available from the registration authority CISAC 20 26 Boulevard du Parc 92200 Neuilly sur Seine 24 France Tel 33 1 55 62 08 50 Fax 33 1 55 62 08 60 Email cisac cisac org URL http Avww cisac org 12 11 ISNI T
36. ration Authority for ISAN is ISAN International Agency 1A rue du Beulet CH 1203 Geneva Switzerland Phone 41 22 545 10 00 Fax 41 22 545 10 40 22 Email info isan org URL http Awww isan org 12 6 ISMN The International Standard Music Number ISMN identifies all printed sheet music publications whether available for sale or hire or gratis The ISMN can be integrated into the international 13 digit bar code using the prefix 979 0 M is assigned the numeric value of zero 0 for bar code purposes only The ISMN is not used for books on music which receive an ISBN nor is it used for music tapes CDs or videos The ISMN is administered by the International ISMN Agency International ISMN Agency Schlossstr 50 12165 Berlin Germany Tel 49 30 7974 5002 Fax 49 30 7974 5254 Email ismn ismn international org URL http ismn international org 12 7 ISRC The International Standard Recording Code ISRC is the standard international identifier for sound recordings and music videos ISO 3901 It numbers each recording of a piece not the physical item regardless of the context or carrier on which it is issued Encoded ISRC provide the means to automatically identify recordings for royalty payments The ISRC system is administered by IFPI the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry International ISRC Agency IFPI Secretariat 10 Piccadilly London W1J ODD United Kingdom
37. register of the registrant elements that have been assigned e To secure the maintenance of ISBNs and their associated ISBN metadata through ISBN registration agency registers e To develop monitor and enforce policies and procedures governing the operations of ISBN agencies and the process of ISBN registration by those agencies including any fees associated with that process e To facilitate the review and resolution of duplicate assignments of an ISBN e To review and decide on any appeals relating to decisions made by registration agencies e To develop maintain and make publicly available documentation for users of the ISBN system e Toimplement and maintain funding arrangements as necessary to support the operations of the International ISBN Agency including but not limited to financial contributions from ISBN registration agencies 9 3 ISBN registration agencies The administration of the ISBN system within a registration group is the responsibility of the ISBN registration agency The ISBN registration agency may operate on a national regional linguistic or other reasonable division of responsibility according to the basis of the group allocation Within a group there may be several national agencies e g group identifier 978 0 and 978 1 have separate agencies in Australia English speaking Canada the United Kingdom the United States and so on The functions and responsibilities of an ISBN registration agency are e
38. ributor gt composite Identifier ISNI optional Edition Edition number for editions after the first type and statement lt EditionTypeCode gt lt EditionNumber gt lt EditionStatement gt Language s of text Using ISO 639 2 B language codes lt Language gt composite at the date of publication Imprint The brand name under which the publication is lt Imprint gt composite published Identifier ISNI optional Publisher The person or organization that owns the imprint lt Publisher gt composite Identifier ISNI optional For digital products provision is also made for the possibility that the ISBN may be assigned by a downstream intermediary if the publisher has not done so lt RecordSource elements Country of publication Using ISO 3166 1 country codes lt CountryOfPublication gt Publication date The date of first publication under this ISBN In the ISO 8601 format YYYY MM DD lt PublishingDate gt composite ONIX uses a format based on ISO 8601 YYYYMMDD ISBN of parent publication ISBN of the parent publication of which this publication is a part when applicable Used when an ISBN is registered for a chapter or part see page 6 lt RelatedProduct gt composite lt RelatedWork gt composite Note In some cases the ONIX representation of the ISBN metadata set uses a composite where at first sight it would seem that a simple data elemen
39. rs or e book conversion services nor should it identify abstract entities such as textual works content It is also important to distinguish between the case of different products which always merit separate ISBNs and the case when different DRMs or different usage rights are wrapped with the product at the moment a transaction occurs between the vendor and the consumer The distinction may not always be obvious It is important to remember that separate ISBNs are necessary to avoid ambiguity arising in the value chain where there are multiple products and multiple parties involved End users need to know a whether the e book that they are purchasing will work on their device or software and b what they will be able to do with it e g copy print lend text to speech etc This is normally defined by a combination of file format and software known as Digital Rights Management DRM which controls by technical means the use that can be made of the e book Separate ISBNs will facilitate management dissemination and discovery of that information as well as delivery of the appropriate version of an e book e Where a specific qualifying e book is available in different file formats each different format that is published and made separately available should be given a separate ISBN N B A file format is a particular way that information is encoded for storage in a digital file In the case of e books the file format is often a combin
40. s to inform their group agency or the organisation responsible for the maintenance of publication registration of the ISBNs that will be assigned to forthcoming publications The information shall include some minimum metadata descriptive elements and shall be compatible with the ONIX for Books product information standards maintained by EDItEUR and its associated organisations Data element Comments ONIX 3 elements ISBN In the 13 digit ISBN format without spaces or hyphens lt Productldentifier gt terms usage constraints or operating system requirements may differentiate between two otherwise identical products Product form Coding which indicates the medium and or format lt ProductComposition gt of the product lt ProductForm gt lt ProductFormDetail gt lt ProductPart gt Although not mentioned explicitly in the ISBN lt Measure gt User Manual physical measurements may also differentiate between two physical products otherwise in the same binding and format Similarly for digital products different licence lt ProductFormFeature gt lt EpubTechnicalProtection gt lt EpubUsageConstraint gt Title The title of the publication together with sub title lt TitleDetail gt composite or other title elements where applicable Series Series title and enumeration when applicable lt Collection gt composite Contributor Contributor role code s and contributor name s lt Conit
41. separate ISBN shall be assigned to each separate monographic publication or separate edition or format of a monographic publication issued by a publisher A separate ISBN shall be assigned to each different language edition of a monographic publication 5 2 Changes to publications A separate ISBN shall be assigned if there have been significant changes to any part or parts of a publication A separate ISBN shall be assigned if there has been a change to the title and or to the sub title of a publication A change to the cover design or colour or to the price of a monographic publication does not require a separate ISBN Minor changes in an edition e g corrections to misprints do not require a separate ISBN 5 3 Facsimile reprints A separate ISBN shall be assigned to a facsimile reprint when it is produced by another publisher or republished under the imprint of a different publisher A separate ISBN shall also be assigned if the same publication is published under a different imprint name by the same publisher If a book is scanned and digitised by an organisation other than the original publisher e g by a library then the scanned and digitised version shall be assigned a separate ISBN by the new producer provided that version is made available to the public as opposed to being purely for archival purposes for example 5 4 Publications in different product forms Different product forms of a publication e g hardback paperback Braille
42. ss very broad product ranges As the ISBN is now fully compatible with GTIN 13 this makes it more convenient for retailers to sell products of related interest that do not qualify for ISBN and which use the GTIN 13 instead without having to adapt their systems For further information including clarification about whether or not a particular type of product may qualify please contact your local ISBN registration agency For information about other types of identifier and their applicability consult Section 12 ISBN and Other Identifiers 4 Structure of the ISBN Since 1 January 2007 national ISBN agencies only provide ISBNs that consist of 13 digits comprising the following elements Prefix element Registration group element Registrant element Publication element Check digit When printed the ISBN is always preceded by the letters ISBN Note In countries where the Latin alphabet is not used an abbreviation in the characters of the local script may be used in addition to the Latin letters ISBN The ISBN is divided into five elements three of them of variable length the first and last elements are of fixed length The elements must each be separated clearly by hyphens or spaces when displayed in human readable form ISBN 978 0 571 08989 5 or ISBN 978 0 571 08989 5 Note The use of hyphens or spaces has no lexical significance and is purely to enhance readability The number of digits in the second third
43. t would suffice or it uses a coded value where only one code is valid This approach ensures that the ISBN metadata can be specified in an ONIX for ISBN Registration message that is a true subset of current ONIX for Books ONIX 3 0 The International ISBN Agency will supply an XML schema on request Databases that link ISBNs with their metadata such as books in print listings national bibliography etc should be made available and kept up to date In instances where ISBN registration agencies do not provide such bibliographic listing services they are nevertheless responsible for liaising with appropriate service providers to ensure that such services are accessible Customers may be charged a fee by ISBN registration agencies and publishers of bibliographic databases to access this information 5 14 ISBNs can never be reused Once assigned to a monographic publication an ISBN can never be reused to identify another monographic publication even if the original ISBN is found to have been assigned in error A registrant who discovers that an ISBN has been erroneously assigned must delete this number from the list of usable numbers The registrant shall also report the erroneous ISBN to their ISBN agency 6 ISBN for Electronic Publications and Educational Instructional Software 6 1 ISBN for eligible electronic publications Where a publication is available electronically e g an e book e book app CD ROM or publication available
44. the check digit make up the 13 digit ISBN The number of digits in the registration group and registrant elements will vary according to the publishing output of the registration group or registrant in question Registration groups for which large output of monographic publications is anticipated will receive group numbers of one or two digits Publishers with an expected large output of publications will be assigned registrant numbers of two or three digits Note The number of digits specified and assigned for registrant groups and registrants within prefix element 978 cannot be relied upon to predict those which are specified and assigned within future prefix elements e g prefix element 979 Registration groups and registrant allocations for future prefixes will reflect assignment history and assignment projections for the entire prefix element system viewed collectively The intention is that group prefixes from 979 will be assigned on a national agency basis only The International ISBN Agency will seek to avoid assigning group prefixes that will be shared between multiple agencies on a common language basis Group prefixes from 979 will be assigned as needed as existing allocations run out but as yet there is no distribution table for 979 equivalent to Table 1 below Determining the internal divisions of the 13 digit ISBN is a two step process first determine the registration group using the rules for prefix elements assigned for
45. tions ccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseneaeeaaeeeeeeeseennseaaaeeeeees 10 5 6 Multi volume publiGatlonS ni2aanieaiaenwien Ramadcea Roan wienitaan 10 5 7 Backlist ea eE Ee a E aaa a ee aai ESEE 11 5 8 Collaborative publications eee eee eee eget eee eee tae ae ee 11 5 9 Publications sold or distributed by agenta eee esse 11 5 10 Acquisition of one publisher by another sse eee ee eee eee 11 5 11 Acquisition of complete stock of and rights in publication sse eee eee 11 5 12 Publishers with more than one place of publication eee eee eee eee 11 5 13 Register of ISBNs and accompanying metadata sse eee eee 12 5 14 ISBNS can never be reused sese eee eee 12 6 ISBN for Electronic Publications and Educational Instructional Software 13 6 1 ISBN for eligible electronic Gubiicahons sse eee eee eee 13 6 2 ISBN for eligible software PrOGUCTS cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeneceeeeeeeeeteeenseaeeeeeees 13 6 3 Principles for assignment of ISBN to electronic publications cceeee 14 7 ISBN for Print on Demand Publications cccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 16 8 Location and Display of the ISBN on Publications ccccsesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 16 Real 16 8 2 ISBN in bar coded form se 17 8 3 Five digit add on Code 18 8 4 Algorithm for generating the ISBN and EAN UCC bar Code 18 9 Administration of the ISBN System csseessssssseeeeeeesssssseeeeeeessssseerre resserrer ees 18 Len
46. uired just as for any other changes of product form Minor changes to trim sizes in order to comply with the specifications of on demand printing machines do not require a new ISBN A customised or personalised version of a print on demand book where the customer not the publisher dictates the content of the book and which has a limited availability shall not be assigned an ISBN 8 Location and Display of the ISBN on Publications 8 1 General The ISBN must appear on the item itself In the case of printed publications the ISBN must appear on the e Verso of the title page copyright page e Foot of the title page if there is no space on the title verso e Lower section of the outside back cover e Foot of the back of the jacket or any other protective case or wrapper In the case of electronic publications the ISBN must appear on the e Title display the first display compact discs online publications or on the screen that displays the title or its equivalent e g the initial screen displayed when the content is first accessed and or on the screen that carries the copyright notice In the case of educational instructional films videos and transparencies the ISBN must appear on the e Credit titles If the publication is issued in a container that is an integral part of the publication e g a compact disc cassette or diskette the ISBN shall be displayed on any labels included with that container If it is n
47. uniquely one publication or edition of a publication published by one specific publisher in one specific format The original standard has been revised as book and book like items begin to appear in new forms of media and the system is in use today in over 160 countries In 2001 a working group was formed to revise the standard and draft its fourth edition It increased the length of the ISBN from 10 to 13 digits incorporating the 3 digit prefixes provided by GS1 formerly EAN International and the Uniform Code Council thereby increasing the numbering capacity of the system and making it completely compatible with the GS1 GTIN 13 see section11 The new version of the standard also specified the metadata that should be supplied at the time of ISBN assignment developed rules for the administration and governance of the system and specified the registration authority for the standard This manual explains the functioning of the system and the steps necessary to ensure that ISBNs are correctly assigned and provides particular guidance on the assignment of ISBNs to digital publications Obtainable from national standards organisations 2 Benefits of the ISBN e The ISBN is a unique international identifier for monographic publications assigning a number replaces the handling of long bibliographic descriptive records thereby saving time and staff costs and reducing copying errors e Correct use of the ISBN allows different product
48. ussed at the Third International Conference on Book Market Research and Rationalisation in the Book Trade held in November 1966 in Berlin At that time a number of European publishers and book distributors were considering the use of computers for order processing and inventory control and it was evident that a prerequisite for an efficient automated system was a unique and simple identification number for a published item The system that fulfilled this requirement and became known as the International Standard Book Number ISBN system was developed out of the book numbering system introduced in the United Kingdom in 1967 by J Whitaker amp Sons Ltd and in the United States in 1968 by R R Bowker At the same time the International Organization for Standardization ISO Technical Committee 46 on Information and Documentation set up a working party to investigate the possibility of adapting the British system for international use During 1968 and 1969 several meetings took place between representatives from various European countries and the United States and a report was circulated to all countries belonging to ISO As a result of these meetings the International Standard Book Number ISBN was approved as ISO standard 2108 in 1970 In 1992 the third edition of this standard replaced the second edition of 1978 The purpose of the international standard is to coordinate and standardise the international use of ISBNs to identify
49. ustrates how to derive the internal structure for the registration group 978 951 An examination of the five digits following the registrant group element will permit the determination of the length of that registrant element Once the registrant length is known the publication element length can be derived Table 6 Method of deriving the internal structure for registration group 978 951 If the five digits Registrant Publication The internal divisions would occur after each of the following digits and following the length is element associated elements Registration length is Group are between 00000 19999 1 5 3rd prefix 6th registration group 7th registrant 12th publication 20000 54999 2 4 3rd prefix 6th registration group 8th registrant 12th publication 55000 88999 3 3 3rd prefix 6th registration group 9th registrant 12th publication 89000 94999 4 2 3rd prefix 6th registration group 10th registrant 12th publication 95000 99999 5 1 3rd prefix 6th registration group 11th registrant 12th publication EXAMPLE Test ISBN 9789512388882 EAN UCC prefix 978 Registration group 951 registrant test segment 23888 Registrant 23 Publication 8888 Check digit 2 Displayable ISBN 978 951 23 8888 2 Note The registrant test segment is within the range from 20000 to 54999 which has a specified registrant length of 2 defined and valid 31
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