User Guide - CAI Networks
Contents
1. Server LAN WebMux IP Address 10 1 1 10 10 1 1 20 Server LAN Gateway IP Address 10 1 1 1 1 Server LAN Network IP Address Mask 255 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 Server LAN Network IP Address 10 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 Server LAN Network Broadcast Address 10 255 255 255 10 255 255 255 Administration Setup Information Remake home webmux conf passwd Y Y Administration HTTP Port Number 24 24 Secure Administration HTTPS Port 35 35 Is this WebMux primary Y N WebMux running solo without backup N Reboot Y Y 48 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Without IP Change Installation of WebMux Configuration Before WebMux Installation Equipment IP Address Internet Router or Firewall Address 10 1 1 1 Webserver s Default Gateway 10 1 1 1 Web Site IP Address 10 1 1 200 255 255 0 0 Configuration After WebMux Installation Question Entry Host Name webmux Domain Name Cainetworks com Router LAN Information Router LAN WebMux Proxy IP Address 10 1 1 200 Router LAN Servers IP Address Mask 255 255 0 0 Router LAN WebMux IP Address Mask 255 255 255 0 Router LAN WebMux Network IP Address 10 1 1 0 Router LAN WebMux Broadcast IP Address 10 1 1 255 Internet Router LAN Gateway IP address 10 1 1 1 Server LAN Information Server LAN WebMux IP Address 10 1 2 254 Server LAN Gateway IP Address 10 1 2 253 Server LAN Servers IP Address Mask2. High Availability Solution CAI Networks Inc setup for webmux cainetworks com Please enter information below Use as divider for multiple entries Multiple entries are not allowed for the server gateway control ports mail server or warning threshold The items with take effect on next restart allowed remote host IPs ERA paging algonthm standard dialout prefix blank if none pager phone numbers email server IP address for AS notification email addresses for notification server gateway IP address 192 168 111 WebMux http control port A WebMux https control port Bo WebMux diagnostic ports Pza connection warning threshold e least significant bits in client IP address to ignore for 0 specific IP address gt persistent connections ICMP packet input policy accept front network verification TCP connection front network verification address Een front network verification bind port C persistence timeout 10 min outbound connection timeout 15min server scan mode sequential 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved Allowed remote host IPs The WebMux management software only allows logins from these IP addresses to establish a management session You can access from more than one IP address by specifying all the allowed IP addresses separated by a If this field 26 The WebMux User
3. Revision History Jan 2003 Edition 4 Nov 2002 Edition 3 May 2002 Edition 2 This edition describes installing WebMux and Operating WebMux models This guide s printing date and part number indicate its current edition The printing date changes when a new edition is printed Minor corrections and updates which are incorporated at reprint do not cause the date to change The part number changes when extensive technical changes are incorporated New editions of this manual will incorporate all material updated since the previous edition For the latest version see the WebMux Documentation section on the Web at http www cainetworks com Please direct comments regarding this guide to CAI Networks Inc CAI Networks Learning Products MS 17725 P O Box 17725 Irvine CA 92623 7725 Table Of Contents Packing ist O dd 1 Main COMPONEAtS EA E AA TEET A A A AEA AE manatees 2 EOI E E E E T A E E cala 2 ROA DTA SI E E AE T E E T 3 WebM x OVEVIS Wes a ea ote daa aiii 4 Key Features dea el adan 4 A ot tare deed ther Me cteuarad aden chet et tag antral aa gute ta E ENE petals AE AEAEE 6 Network Overviews rereana r di daa 8 Sample Conngrat one ares rera A ia 10 Single WebMail dde 10 TES 12 Installation Without IP Address Change ooooooccccccccccccoconooconcnnncncnnnanannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnno 14 Configuring the WebMuxeric3 canned Aa ade o iaa 16 A Ea nanah E eia aa ta aaa a EAT in En Eaha AAA tcn pedeetadueteacced 16 Network
4. WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Copyright 2000 2003 CAI Networks Inc Copyright 1998 2000 Red Hill Networks Inc Legal Notices The information in this document is subject to change without notice CAI Networks makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this manual including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose CAI and CAI Networks shall not be held liable for errors contained herein or direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material Warranty A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your CAI Networks product and replacement parts can be obtained from your local Sales and Service Office Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in sub paragraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Rights for non DOD U S Government Departments and Agencies are as set forth in FAR 52 227 19 c 1 2 CAI Networks 1715 East Wilshire Avenue Suite 707 Santa Ana CA 92705 U S A Copyright 2000 2003 CAI Networks all rights reserved Copyright 1998 2000 Red Hill Networks all rights reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation of this document without prior written permission is prohibited except as allowed under the copyright laws
5. sees each of its interfaces on a different network A WebMux can be installed in the above network according to the following procedure 1 The Network BEFORE the WebMux o This network is a class A network o All servers and the firewall use a network mask of 255 255 0 0 o The network address is 10 1 0 0 2 To install the WebMux o Connect both WebMux interfaces the interface to the router LAN and the interface to the server LAN to the network switch or hub o The IP addresses for the WebMux are assigned addresses in the high range assuming they would be available o Assign the IP address of 10 1 2 254 with a subnet network mask of 255 255 255 0 to the WebMux server LAN interface o Assign the Gateway address the one that will be the Default Gateway for the web servers as 10 1 2 253 The subnet network mask will be 255 255 255 0 3 An example of a farm address is 10 1 1 200 4 In each web server assign the default gateway of 10 1 2 253 5 In each web server add the route statement route add 10 1 1 1 10 1 2 253 6 Computers and other routers still use their original netmask Only WebMux uses subnet netmask to make the routing possible Since WebMux always do NAT Network Address Translation it must have a way to route the IP packets between the front and back interfaces Subnetting the network address on the router device is a common practice in the network setup Although this method works for situation that syst
6. For example if you want to create an http farm for www yourdomain com the farm IP address will be the IP address for www yourdomain com from your DNS record If the IP address of www yourdomain com is 205 188 166 10 then the Farm IP address is also 205 188 166 10 The WebMux will then translate the farm address to the web server address in your DMZ or internal network From version 4 0 3 we also introduced label for the farms and servers Once the label being specified WebMux will display in the Show Status screen the label for the farm and server instead of the IP addresses Although labels can be anything it is better to have meaningful and unique label for each farm or server If you use WebMux for your intranet then the farm IP address will be the IP address of the original web or application server The IP addresses of the 36 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 original web or application servers must be changed so that the WebMux can translate farm IP address to the server IP address Caution Once a new farm is added the IP address cannot be changed To correct the IP address the old one has to be deleted and a new one to be created Service This is the service of the new farm Select a service to create a farm using its well known port If a port other than a well known port for TCP or UDP service is to be used then choose one of the Generic selections and enter the port number in the PORT NUM
7. 24 Secure Administration HTTPS Port Number 35 Is this WebMux primary Y WebMux running solo without backup Y Reboot Y You will also need to change the Web server IP address to 192 168 199 10 and its default gateway to 192 168 199 1 Add a farm for 205 133 156 200 and add a server to the farm at 192 168 199 10 You can then add more servers at 192 168 199 20 and 192 168 199 30 You can also add additional farm at 205 133 156 210 and add above three servers to the 2 farm 47 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 A redundant installation Configuration Before WebMux Installation Equipment IP Address Internet Router or Firewall Address 205 133 156 1 Webserver s Default Gateway 205 133 156 1 Web Site IP Address 205 133 156 200 Configuration Before WebMux Installation Question Entry Primary Secondary Host Name webmux1 webmux2 Domain Name Cainetworks com Cainetworks com Router LAN Information Router LAN WebMux Proxy IP Address 205 133 156 200 205 133 156 200 Router LAN Network IP Address Mask 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 Router LAN Network IP Address 205 133 156 0 205 133 156 0 Router LAN Broadcast IP Address 205 133 156 255 205 133 156 255 Internet Router LAN gateway IP address 205 133 156 1 205 133 156 1 Server LAN Information
8. and the other serving as the secondary or backup provides a fault tolerant solution In order that the web servers can share the incoming traffic the WebMux must be connected to the network There are two interfaces on the WebMux One interface connects to the Router LAN This is the network to which the Internet router is connected The other interface is connected to the Server LAN This network connects all the web servers Next a Virtual Farm or multiple farms must be configured on the WebMux The farm then consist of the group of servers that service the same domain or website For example to configure a farm or virtual farm to serve www cainetworks com The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 First Server 1 and Server 2 would each need the website www cainetworks com to be configured on Server 1 and Server 2 and Second a farm on the WebMux would be defined with Server 1 and Server 2 in it The servers would be setup to either share the traffic or setup as a primary server and standby server In either case if Server 1 goes down then all traffic is directed to Server 2 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Sample Configurations Single WebMux Internet Router 205 133 156 1 Router LAN Virtual Farm 1 205 133 156 200 Virtual Farm 2 205 133 156 210 Default Gateway 192 168 199 1 Server 1 Server 21 Server 3 192168 19910 192168 199 20 192 168 199 30 Default Gateway 192
9. e One 1 Phone cord e One 1 User Manual e One 1 Warranty registration card e One 1 WebMux serial connection cable to connect primary and secondary WebMuxes provided with 2 WebMux The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Main Components Front View Toggle Power Switch This switch toggles power on and off To power off the switch must be pressed and held for 5 seconds Reset Button Press and release the reset button to reset the WebMux This process may take several minutes to complete Up Arrow Button Down Arrow Button When each button pressed the value of the cursor location increases or decreased lt goes through lower case letters upper case letters numbers and symbols When cursor is located at the left most position on the LCD up and down arrow also allow user to select different item to setup Left Arrow Button and Right Arrow Button When each button is pressed the cursor moves to the left and right Check Mark Button and Cross Button Check Mark Button confirms the selection Cross Button cancels the selection At any time during the system running hold down to the Check Mark Button will invoke the configuration menu allowing the IP address changes The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Rear View AC IN on OFF PS WALL PHONE Router Server 0 230VAC port LAH LAH Router LAN Port Connect this port to the Router LAN switch or hub Server LAN Port Connect this port to
10. is the pager should be able to display up to 18 digits If the pager cannot display 18 digits some codes may get truncated For WebMux Single and with Secondary Q9 IINIIIIPPPP A server went down This 18 digit code no spaces starts with 99 followed by 12 digits of the IP address without the periods of the server The last four digits represent the port number of the server OO IIIIITIIPPPP A downed server went back up This 18 digit code no spaces starts with 00 followed by 12 digits of the IP address without the periods of the server The last four digits represent the port number of the server 98 11111111 1 PPPP Gateway router LAN does not respond 12 digits number after the 98 is the IP address of the gateway Port number is optional O1VMMNII PPPP Gateway comes back in service 12 digits number after the 01 is the IP address of the gateway Port number is optional 88 IIIIIPPPP_ WebMux has detected more connections than the threshold defined in the setup screen 73 WebMux cannot reach to the back LAN 74 WebMux cannot reach the front LAN 75 Primary or Secondary cannot reach the other WebMux through the serial cable 76 Serial cable communication restored 55 User configuration cannot be parsed by WebMux after the configuration restored through browser For WebMux Primary Only 66 Secondary is not responding 42 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 For
11. previous box 30 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Confirm Cancel Click Confirm to execute the change Click Cancel to return to the previous screen WITHOUT changing the password Set Clock Click this button to go to the Set the Clock page The time and date of the WebMux then can be set Please note that WebMux internally uses GMT time zone not your local time zone per W3C HTTP protocol If the timezone did not set correctly the browser access could time out This clock setting will change the hardware clock setting so user do not need to change the BIOS clock from console ojx Elle Edit View Favorites Tools Help AEREAS E AAA E la PI Back Fowerd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss Address la hnp 192 168 12 7 24 cgrbin set_time Go Links gt CAI Networks Inc set the clock UTC recommended month 1 12 day of the month year eg 2000 hour 0 23 minute 0 59 time zone 07 00 MST PDT 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved 6 188140 E Done 10 Internet L Month Enter the number of the month 1 through 12 Leading zeroes are not necessary Day of the Month Enter the day of the month 1 through 31 Year Enter the year Enter all 4 digits 31 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Hour Enter the hour of the day Use the 24 hour clock or military time Minute Enter
12. the Server LAN switch or hub Please note The Router LAN and Server LAN port are not interchangeable WALL Phone Line Port This port is used by webMux sending the paging notice to the operator through a numerical phone pager It should be connected to a PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network compatible analog phone line Warning Connecting digital phone line to this port will cause permanent damage to the WebMux and void the warranty Phone Set Port Optionally you may connect a regular PSTN analog phone set to this port Please note The phone line port and phone set port are not interchangeable The system will not function properly if the phone line is connected to this port instead Primary Secondary Connect Port Connect this port to another WebMux in a WebMux Pro installation Connect the WebMuxes with the supplied cable Do not connect anything to this port if only one WebMux is being used Power Switch This switch powers the WebMux on and off When in the off position the front panel power switch is disabled Power Cord Please use the supplied power cord to connect the WebMux to power source 1U WebMux has 115V 230V AC universal power supply 3 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Overview Key Features The WebMux is a standalone device designed primarily to load balance IP traffic to multiple servers The WebMux includes the following key features Improves performanc
13. 168 199 1 e This installation requires one WebMux e One WebMux interface connects to the Router LAN The other interface connects to the Server LAN e The WebMux translates the Internet addresses to an Internet non routable C address In this example the subnet mask is 255 555 255 0 The IP 10 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 address of the WebMux interface attached to the Server LAN is 192 168 199 251 e The Default Gateway for all the servers is 192 168 199 1 e Farm 1 IP address is 205 133 156 200 Servers 1 and 2 serve Farm 1 e Farm 2 IP address is 205 133 156 210 Servers 2 and 3 serve Farm 2 Note All server IP addresses must be Internet non routable address so that the source address from the Internet does not conflict with the IP addresses on the Server LAN Note If there is a firewall between the WebMux and the Internet Router a rule must be defined in the firewall to allow the IP address of the WebMux interface on the Router LAN along with the farm IP address to communicate out to the Internet on all ports If you are doing Network Address Translation of the farm address to a non routable address then both the farm address and WebMux interface address must be translated to communicate outbound on all ports 11 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Redundant Installation Internet Router Virtual Farm 1 205 133 156 200 Virtual Farm 2 205 133 156 210 Webhux Second
14. 255 255 0 0 Server LAN WebMux IP Address Mask 255 255 255 0 Server LAN WebMux Network IP Address 10 1 2 0 Server LAN WebMux Broadcast Address 10 1 2 255 Administration Setup Information Remake home webmux conf passwd Y Administration HTTP Port Number 24 Secure Administration HTTPS Port Number 35 Is this WebMux primary Y WebMux running solo without backup Y Reboot Y You will also need to change the Web server 10 1 1 200 and add a server to the farm at 10 10 1 2 20 or any computer other than 10 1 1 1 49 P address to 10 1 2 100 and its default gateway to 10 1 2 253 Make sure each web server in the farm route add p 10 1 1 1 10 1 2 253 so that the route will be there after reboot Add a farm for 1 2 100 You can then add more servers but make sure the default gateway change and add proper route The web servers can communicate with WebMux as well as other servers like The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Contact Information For latest product and support information please visit our web site at http www cainetworks com To reach us by e mail Support support cainetworks com Sales sales cainetworks com To reach us by phone Support 714 550 0901 X2 50 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Wrebmux FAQs 51 Q AO AD If have multiple servers assigned as STANDBY how does the WebMux choose which server to use if an ACTIVE server goes down The WebMux c
15. ACTIVE servers fail 40 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Modify Server Modify Server can be invoked by clicking on the server IP address on the Status screen Eile Edit View Favorites Tools Help o MEE ARES TE o a A ls Back fonverd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites Edit Discuss High Availability Solution gt CAI Networks Inc modify server This server is currently ACTIVATED ALIVE Currently there are 0 connections through this server server IP address 192 168 11 12 server port number 80 weight fi run state ACTIVE al iii 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved O teme Destination server IP address and port number These parameters are set in the Add Server screen Once set these fields cannot be modified To correct this setting delete the server and add a new one Weight Scheduling priority weight Valid integer numbers are between 1 and 100 Running state e Active e Favorite Active e Standby 41 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Phone Paging Codes When an error occurs the WebMux will send an error code to the regular numerical pager assigned in the Administration Setup page Please refer to the Management Browser Administration Setup section on setting up phone pager numbers To be as compatible as possible to different types of pagers only numeric error codes are used The minimum requirement
16. AN In an installation with two WebMuxes if a gateway IP address of 10 1 1 1 is used this address will float between the primary and secondary WebMux When the Primary is down the Secondary becomes 10 1 1 1 In the single WebMux setup this address CANNOT be the same as the WebMux IP interface address on the Server LAN Administration Setup Information Is this a Primary WebMux If this is the Primary answer Yes If this is the Secondary WebMux answer No Secondary WebMux automatically gets configuration information from Primay once it sets up If this is the only WebMux answer Yes 20 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Primary WebMux Information This question is not asked for the Secondary WebMux Is this WebMux running solo without a backup WebMux If the Primary WebMux is running in a standalone configuration see sample configuration Standalone WebMux answer Yes If you plan to add 2nd WebMux later you may answer no Clear Allowed Host File Allowed host file prevent any unauthorized access to the WebMux browser control panel If the IP address is not in the allowed host file that browser will not be able to reach to WebMux management console through browser However sometimes the IP address change made no browser can access the browser management console At that point clear the allowed host file will allow any browser to access it By default the allowed host list is empty so th
17. BER box No port number needed to be specified if the service protocol is on the list Caution Once the new farm is created the port number cannot be changed Like the IP address the old farm must be deleted and a new one created Service Well Known Port DNS Domain Name Service TCP 53 FTP File Transfer Protocol TCP 21 HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol TCP 80 HTTPS Secure Hypertext Transfer 443 Protocol TCP NTP Network Time Protocol 123 POP3 Post Office Protocol 110 SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 25 TCP Generic TCP User Specify Generic UDP User Specify Generic TCP UDP User Specify Generic no port scan TCP User Specify Generic no port scan UDP User Specify Generic no port scan TCP UDP User Specify Alkaline Search Engine Multiple ports Scheduling method The scheduling method is the way in which traffic is distributed among the servers in the farm Eight different methods are supported If you are using a shopping cart service a persistent scheduling method is recommended Least connections Least connections persistent Round robin Round robin persistent Weighted least connections Weighted least connections persistent Weighted round robin Weighted round robin persistent The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Modify Farm Modify farm can be invoked from the Status screen by clicki
18. Guide Version 4 x Rev2 is left blank you can access the management software from any IP address If you have more than one computer needs to access the web management console you can specify a netmask When IP addresses are entered you can only access it from the IP addresses in the field This field is blank by default Paging Algorithm e Standard This selection is for the standard paging services The WebMux waits 5 seconds after the paging number is answered before sending the page message e Alternate This selection is for the paging services that require a longer delay The WebMux will wait 10 seconds after the paging number is answered before sending the page message Dialout prefix Some phone systems require a prefix for outside phone numbers If a prefix is required enter it here Leave it blank if a prefix is not required For most Analog PBX this will be 9 Pager phone numbers This is the pager phone number to be dialed when an abnormal condition occurs Enter the number without any of the special characters or spaces It should be in the format of a single long integer Add 1 and the area code if needed Do not use or or blank spaces Server for email notification In addition to paging the WebMux can send email notifications Enter the IP address of the SMTP server that will forward the notifications Please note Because the WebMux does not resolve names this entry must be an IP address Ad
19. Mux allows diagnostic sessions for remote console access for factory technical support Enter the port number s to allow our support engineer to access your WebMux When this entry is blank any support access is denied This entry should remain blank under normal operations Default port numbers are 77 87 You will need to notify us the change of these numbers before obtain support from us Connection warning threshold The WebMux monitors the number of connections established When the number of connections is greater than the value entered the WebMux will page the designated numbers For example if a DoS attack is occurring the number of connections to the site would be extremely high Assuming they exceeded the value set for the connection warning threshold the designated numbers would be paged Least significant bits in client IP address to ignore for persistent connections This feature allows persistent connections to be handled properly when communicating with America Online s bank of cache servers With AOL s cache servers the IP address of the cache server becomes the source address Since an end user can be using multiple cache servers it is possible for the end user to communicate to different web servers in the same session Therefore applications such as shopping carts that require persistent and secure connections will not work properly From customers feedback three 3 is good enough for most AOL requests Wh
20. Terminos A ia 16 FARE Ware SU iia A a O a 17 Collect Informatio parer a te ici an iba Ira iii dake faves 17 Setup the new Network 2 0 2 2 cc ceceeececcce cece ceeeee aces ee eeeee cece aacaeceeeeecedeaaeaeceeeeeseceeeeeeeseeeeeeseesineeeeeeeenes 17 Configuration SUMMA ies scien iii esas cases 17 Initial Configuration tii 18 Router LAN Information pre raa e a Dedos la e aae eal 19 Server LAN Information reves n eens e a a ees aie 19 Administration Setup Information oooooooccccnncnnnnnnanoconcnnncnnnnnnnononncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn anar nn anet cnn rra Ennn 20 WebMux Information ici a tt ieee eared See eee 21 Management Browser seisnes io nieve enero A eee A ee eee e 24 LOG acetate ash cats Sete cine Coa cadaula tds che T Ace can abot ate tas tase secee teases ATA 24 Administration Set Up cccceeeceeeeeee cece cece cnn 26 A ca crlds E EATE T A EE O E AE TE A A 33 ANO MV A AAA AA E E 36 Modify Fami as AA A A aa 38 Modify Serve isenipun di e A dara 41 Phone Paging COJES iciiiocido cid it ti dea 42 Contact OMNIA A ce AAs Soe cad eae 44 Initial Configuration Worksheets ereinen E nono KANEA rca rn 46 Sample Configuration Worksheets ooooooonnncccnnnnnccccnnocccccnnnoncncnnnoncncnn non cncnn non n cn naar n nc rca nan n cnc naar nnccnnnns 47 Contact IOMA a E 50 FAS A a A 51 Regulation A ia wees recuse nel tae 54 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Packing List e One 1 WebMux unit e One 1 Power cord
21. WebMux Secondary Only e 71 Primary failed Secondary took over from Primary e 72 Primary went back up Control returns to the Primary 43 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Initial Configuration Through Browser Sometimes users like to change the basic settings for the WebMux through browser interface for example when WebMux located in a hosting center across the country If one have information about the WebMux current basic settings one could change those parameters through browser On the browser enter the following URL https webmux_ip webmux_manage_port cgi bin rec For example if your webmux IP is 192 168 12 1 and your webmux_manage_port is 24 your URL will be http 192 168 12 1 24 cgi bin rec oY herp 04160 i i ead ech 10606 269 105 341 lies ei eet Ee piana Fike EM Vew Fawl Toss teip al pak 973 Gea ers Geis dr AA ol a Aires itt MOT eR ogee nec DOD SETS An ch Mun initiakalion 4 0 00 E You are not logged mas superuser Pipas enter your Weblo superuser password curren GMT wetting 19 13 22 ara Finsomed please enter comect GMT as hhimmoss monviddiyyy lise 24 hour time noi a m er p m Set time ony e YES NO Gris jeo Beers z The first screen in rec reconfiguration asks for the supervisor s password The default supervisor s password is supervisor however the actual supervisor s password may had been changed by the system adm
22. agement Secure web browser access Yes Yes In service Not inservice Yes Yes The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Page alarms Yes Yes Email Notification Yes Yes Configuration access Yes Yes Remote telnet access Yes Yes Persistent connections Yes Yes Port mapping ts Yes Yes Port specific services Yes Yes Year 2000 compliant Yes Yes Security Features Network Address Translation Yes Yes TCP SYN protection Yes Yes TCP DoS protection Yes Yes SSL support Yes Yes Device Support Maximum virtual servers Unlimited Unlimited Maximum real servers 65 532 65 532 Device s role in the network IP router IP router UDP based service support Yes Yes Overnight Exchange Unit Service Contract Service Contract Free Email Support Yes Yes Free Phone Support Yes Yes Power and Cooling Requirement 90 130VAC 2 5A or 190 235VAC 1 5A at 50 60Hz input power required Absolutely operating temperature range is 0 40C Recommended ambient temperature do not exceeding 30C Max heat producing factor is 405 BTU hr The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Network Overview L_ E param Internal PC IndamnaiSewar Router LAN FireSate Server LAN Server Server 2 Senrer 3 Serer tt The main purpose of the WebMux is to balance the traffic among multiple web or other servers The diagram above shows an installation with two WebMuxes In this configuration one WebMux serving as the primary
23. all interface that connects to the same LAN as the Router LAN interface of the WebMux Server LAN Information Enter Server LAN WebMux IP Address The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 This is the IP address of the WebMux interface that connects to the Server LAN This IP address must also be unique for each WebMux This address must be different from the server LAN gateway address The purpose of this IP address is to allow WebMux to check the network and server healthy situation even the WebMux is the backup one It is highly recommended to add this IP address to your servers etc hosts file along with the gateway IP address In an installation with a primary and secondary WebMux each must have a unique address Therefore two IP addresses are required for each WebMux interface that connects to the Server LAN Those two IP addresses are in addition to the gateway IP address that is floating between the primary and secondary WebMux These IP addresses cannot be your Internet registered addresses They must be Internet non routable For example you can assign addresses in a 10 0 0 0 network or a 192 168 199 0 etc Enter Server LAN Network IP Address Mask This is the network mask of the Server LAN For a class A network it may be 255 0 0 0 For a class C network it may be 255 255 255 0 Enter Server LAN Gateway IP address This IP address will be the Default Gateway entry for all the web servers on the Server L
24. ary 10 1 1 20 _ _ _ _ Semer2 Sewer3 Server 1 10 3 1 10 ke eee nn nn Default Gateway 10 1 1 1 e The installation requires two WebMuxes One will be the primary and the other the secondary They connect together with the special cable that is shipped with the WebMux e Both WebMuxes connect to the Router LAN and to the Server LAN Each WebMux interface has a unique IP address e The registered IP address is a class C address The IP address of the WebMuxes Virtual Farms must be in the same network as the Internet router 12 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 e The WebMux translates the Internet addresses to an Internet non routable class A address In this example the subnet mask 255 0 0 0 The IP address of the WebMux interfaces attached to the Server LAN are 10 1 1 10 and 10 1 1 20 e The Default Gateway for all the servers is 10 1 1 1 e Farm 1 IP address is 205 133 156 200 e Servers 1 and 2 serve Farm 1 e Farm 2 IP address is 205 133 156 210 e Servers 2 and 3 serve Farm 2 NOTE All server IP addresses must be Internet non routable address so that the source address from the Internet does not conflict with the IP addresses on the Server LAN Note If there is a firewall between the WebMux and the Internet Router a rule must be defined in the firewall to allow the IP address of the WebMux interfaces on the Router LAN in addition to the farm IP address
25. at any IP address can access WebMux It is advised once the browser management console started add only host IP addresses that you allow to manage WebMux into the list Remake home webmux conf passwd This function is provided in case you have forgotten the passwords to access the Management Browser Use Management Browser for normal password changes Factory default password is the same as login ID on the screen Answer Y to reset the Passwords to factory default Answer N to leave them unchanged Enter Admin http Port Number This is http port number for the Management Browser in non secure mode Any unused port number can be used Factory default port number is 24 one could choose to use port number above 1024 for this Using port number above 1024 will need to have a admin farm setup This farm is for protecting the http 21 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 management console access in case passive FTP is one of your server farm Using port number below 1024 will not need to have this farm Enter Admin https Port Number This is the https port number for Management Browser in secure mode Factory default port number is 35 one could choose to use port number above 1024 for this Using port number above 1024 will need to have a admin farm setup This farm is for protecting the https management console access in case passive FTP is one of your server farm Using port number below 1024 will not need to have th
26. ccept all cookies 24 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 3 webmux login Microsoft Internet Explorer Eile Edit View Favorites Tools Help e gt 9 56 Q a 3 3S9 a Back Fonvard Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss Address la htps 192 168 12 7 35 cgrbin login Go Links A welcome to webmux cainetworks com User ID WebMux Password 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved User ID There are two preset user IDs e Super User Allows access to all screens and functions provided by the WebMux e WebMux Does not allow the user to access or change any settings within the setup screen Password Fill in the correct password for the selected User ID The password is case sensitive The default passwords are It is recommended to change the passwords periodically Login After entering the correct password click Login Note For first time setup please login as Super user and go to the Administration Setup by clicking the Setup button It is important to set up the Server Farm Gateway IP address and network mask first The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Administration Set Up admin configuration Microsoft Internet Eile Edit View Favorites Tools Help RIRS o A a a 0 A El Fonverd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss nf Address la hmp 192 168 12724 cgrbin adm_co 1 eco
27. could be same as the WebMux Router LAN IP address to communicate out to the Internet on all ports Since WebMux doing Network Address Translation of the farm address to a non routable address the farm addresses on the WebMux interface must communicate outbound on all ports defined in the farms 13 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Installation Without IP Address Change Router IP 10 1 1 1 MMi 255 255 0 0 IP 10 1 2 100 255 255 0 0 Route add 10 1 1 1 10 1 2 253 Web Server 2 IP 10 1 2 101 255 255 0 0 Route add 10 1 1 1 10 1 2 253 GAN 10 1 2 253 Meil 255 255 255 0 Farm 10 1 1 200 Server LAN Interface IP 10 1 2 254 255 255 255 0 SQL Server IP 10 1 2 20 255 255 00 Geocode Server IP 10 1 2 30 255 255 0 0 The above diagram is an example about how to install the WebMux without changing the IP addresses of the web servers and other servers that already exist on the network This is particularly helpful when changing existing network 14 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 of servers cause problems However there are restrictions for the IP addresses the servers taken due to WebMux using subnet netmask to allow the IP routing possible In this configuration all the servers still remain on the same IP network and can communicate From the servers view the WebMux is on the same network as the servers However since the WebMux uses a different network mask it
28. d not really dead but for some reason not responding to the WebMux s request WebMux will false alarm To avoid this user can change the timeout value to a larger number Many times the server can not resolve the IP addresses for the back end of the WebMux could cause server not responding to WebMux s protocol chat Please read the Q amp A section for more information 35 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Add Farm 3 adding farm Microsoft Internet Explorer File Edit View Favorites Tools Help e gt 0 8 36 a amp 2 a 3 9 a WwW Back Fonverd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss Address a mmps 192 168 12 735 cgrbin add_src Go peso ee a add farm The services tcp udp and ip both of tcp and udp are generic Bad server detection is less rigorous for such services A blank port number default means to use the default well known port for the specified service For the generic services a port number of 0 or all denotes the wild specification of all ports The wild port specification is not allowed for other services farm IP address ro CS service HTTP hypertext transfer protocol TCP y scheduling method weighted round robin persistent port number Lo 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved E Done S 9 Intemet y Farm IP address This is the IP address of the new farm The farm address is the Internet known address
29. dresses for email notification Enter the email addresses to be notified Separate multiple addresses with a colon For example johndoe anywhere com janedoe anywhere com Server gateway IP address The WebMux appears to all the servers under it as a gateway or router This is the IP address for the WebMux to assume the router role for the servers This address should be the gateway IP address in the web or other servers It is highly recommend to add it to the etc hosts file on your servers Please note For first time setup it is very important to set up this address and the Server Farm network mask below first Also when setting up the servers you may be asked to fill in the default gateway IP address for the server Use this IP address to setup all the servers under it The WebMux will not function properly if this IP address is not set correctly for both WebMux and the servers 27 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 WebMux http control port Since WebMux does the address translation for the incoming traffic the HTTP port for the management console must be set to a different port By default the portis 24 You can change the port if so desired WebMux https control port Since WebMux does the address translation for the incoming traffic the HTTPS port for the management console must be set to a different port By default the portis 35 You can change the port if so desired WebMux diagnostic ports The Web
30. dware settings by press the Check Mark button for three seconds It will start prompt the questions and it will allow user to navigate from one prompt to another by using the up down button on the left most LCD position For example if you configured the Allowed Hosts wrong and lock yourselves out you can go to the push buttons and select Clr Allowed Hosts option save changes and reboot which will allow all the IP address to login You can clear the allowed hosts but not reset the password or change one option and not change other parts 23 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Management Browser After the Initial Configuration user should be able to connect a web browser to the WebMux The web browser does all of the WebMux management The following explains each of the easy to use management browser screens e Login e Administration Setup Page o Change Password o Set Clock Status Add Farm Modify Farm Add Server Modify Server Login Start Login Page e Start web browser e Set URL to http webmuxip webmuxporticgi bin login o Webmuxip is the IP address of the WebMux o Webmuxport is the management port address of the WebMux The default ports are 24 for an unsecured connection and 35 for the secured connection Use https instead on the command line if you decide to use port 35 e The following login page will appear Note In order for the browser to manage the WebMux the browser must be set to a
31. e by distributing the traffic for a site or domain among multiple servers No one server will be bogged down trying to service a particular site Provides Persistent Connections by memorizing the user browser session and the server session and sending the same user to the same server This is important for site using shopping cart and dynamically generated pages like BroadVision ASP site and JSP site Provides high availability by tracking which servers are functioning properly and which servers are out of service If a web server unexpectedly goes down the WebMux will direct the traffic to other servers or will bring a standby or backup server online to service the traffic Provides fault tolerance This installation requires two WebMuxes a primary and a secondary Two WebMux will automatically sync the configuration datum Easy management lt can be managed via a secured web browser session from anywhere in the world By setting up Telnet or PC Anywhere farm remote management of web servers is truly possible Operating System independent No software or agent to load on the web servers Non intrusive load failure detection and management Provides Proxy function When communication is initiated from behind the WebMux the WebMux will substitute its own address for the internal address This allows the web servers to initiate communication for services such as credit card validation and mapping services Built in Firewall funct
32. eir router not same as feed P address akaye Rendalee configuration with admin entres oniy destroy existing configuration Reboot immediately after submitting this dorm Submit when satisfied or cancel and log out jme e cantata TETAN 192 168 129 ECTS ING ves submit cance When the mouse moving into each field the current value will automatically fill up the field One may change it based on the new information obtained from ISP or network engineers Once you press on the submit button WebMux will save all the changes to its internal flash storage and reboot itself with the new value 45 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Initial Configuration Worksheets Configuration Before WebMux Installation Equipment IP Address Internet Router or Firewall Address Webserver s Default Gateway Web Site IP Addresses Configuration After WebMux Installation Question Entry Primary Secondary Host Name Domain Name Router LAN Information Router LAN WebMux Proxy IP Address Router LAN Network IP Address Mask Router LAN Network IP Address Router LAN Broadcast IP Address Internet Router LAN Gateway Address Server LAN Information Server LAN WebMux IP Address Server LAN Gateway IP Address Server LAN Network IP Address Mask Server LAN Network IP Address Serve
33. em administrator does not want to change the network topology we strongly recommend using first two methods since they do provide better security and performance The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Configuring the WebMux Before you Start Please collect information about the names and IP addresses pointed by the arrows in the network topology below Router LAN Internet Router IP Network IP address address D i Network mask Ye rica Broadcast IP address Rout Router LAN Weblux IP address Router LAN WebMux IP address WebMux Name WebMux Name Primary Webb Server LAN Webhiux IP Address Somer WebMux IP Address one e e e eee e e Webhux Pro only Server LAN Network IP address Network mask Broadcast IP address Server 1 Server 2 Server 3 Server N a de E E E A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Virtual Fawn A Network Terminology A Virtual Farm includes the WebMux setup and the servers under it Functionally it acts as a single unit on a network For example http www cainetworks com is one virtual server farm https www cainetworks com S another farm and ftp ftp cainetworks com is the third farm The first farm works on a set of servers on port 80 the second farm consists of another set of servers on port 443 and the third farm works on a set of servers on port 21 To serve the Internet there must be at least one Internet Router This local area network that co
34. en multiple cache servers whose IP addresses are fairly sequential the WebMux will apply a mask determined by the number of bits chosen in this entry to the source IP address The WebMux will use the result to determine how to load balance the traffic When too large a mask applied it will defeat the load balancing function of WebMux 28 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 ICMP Packet input policy e Accept The WebMux will allow all ICMP packets to travel through the WebMux e Deny The WebMux will NOT allow any ICMP packets to travel through the WebMux Note During installation having the ability to PING the other hosts on the networks is typically useful When the installation is complete setting the ICMP packet policy to DENY is recommended as a security precaution Front Router Connection Verification It can be none ARP TCP Connection or ping Depending on the front end router this can be changed For example most Cisco routers will talk to WebMux through ARP and TCP Connection however most Cisco DSL modems will only talk to WebMux through Ping The change to this verification method will take effect after WebMux being rebooted Front Router Connection Verification IP Address It can be the router in front of the WebMux or a router before your own route in your ISP s WAN It is recommended to have the router IP address as the verification IP address However it can be a
35. equipement off and on the user is encouraged to try one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipement and the receiver Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that of the receiver Consult the dealer or an experienced radio television technician for help Notice for Canada This apparatus complies with the Class B limits for radio interference as specified in the Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations Cet appareil est conforme aux norms de Classe B d interference radio tel que specifie par le Ministere Canadien des Communications dans les reglements d ineteference radio Notice for Europe CE Mark This product is in conformity with the Council Directive 89 336 EEC 92 31 EEC EMC Caution Lithium battery included with this device Do not puncture mutilate or dispose of batter in fire Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced Replace only with the same or equivalent type recommended by manufacture Dispose of used Battery according to manufacture instruction and in accordance with your local regulations 54
36. guration file that has been saved at the browser workstation to be uploaded to the WebMux Enter the full path of the configuration file or click on Browse to search for the file Click Upload to upload the file to the WebMux This file will IMMEDIATELY become the saved and active configuration Setup This button brings up the Administration Setup page Super User login is required to access this page Logout Itis not recommended to leave the management browser login unattended Click the Logout button to close the session The Login screen will re appear Pause 34 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 The status screen auto refreshes frequently to provide most up to date status You can use the Pause button to freeze the auto refresh Resume After the Pause button been pushed it will change to Resume and the auto refresh stopped Click the Resume button to restart the auto refresh Adjusting Timeout for Each Service Click on the service type of each farm will allow you to change the timeout value for each different service Please note this change is global that will affect all the farms using the same type of service For example the default timeout for HTTP service is 5 seconds If web server does not respond to the WebMux protocol chat within 5 seconds WebMux will declare the server is dead and switch the server out from service and notify the operator through email or pager However if your web server di
37. hecks the standby servers in orders and activates each one until their total weight meet or exceeds the server that is unavailable Will a server with weight 0 act as a STANDBY No A weight of 0 indicates that the server will not accept any new connections The state is considered neither ACTIVE nor STANDBY Is the Server LAN and the Router or Front LAN required to be on separate IP subnets It is required that the server LAN and the router LAN be separate IP subnets What notification services are compatible with the WebMux Airtouch and PageMart are the services that are currently supported Any SMTP server can be used for sending email notifications If I m running a Unix based FTP such as wuftp how can get the ftp server in the farm to resolve the WebMux IP addresses The IP addresses typically will not be able to be resolved since the servers in the farm are typically using non routable or private network addresses In order for wuftp to resolve the IP addresses and stop complaining place the non routable IP address entries in the etc hosts file How come my servers in the farm showing in red color from time to time even the servers are okay Your servers are trying to resolve WebMux s IP address to name so it could log them into log file To avoid this problem set the servers not resolve the IP addresses also adding all the IP address to the etc hosts file on your servers For example www mydomain com 1 2 3 4 use you
38. ings may be lost during power outage or WebMux reboot 33 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Upload Download 3 configuration display upload download Microsoft Internet Explorer J Eie Edit View Favorites Tools Help gt O0 094 90 a 3 39 FB rd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss Real com E la http 192 168 12 7 24 cai bin upload_download Go Ec High Availability Solution CAL Networks Inc upload download configuration Download from WebMux Click here to download the current SAVED not necessarily active configuration The exact download method is browser dependent A left click should display the configuration on screen for cut and paste A right click should bring up a menu allowing saving the contents directly by choosing say Save Link As or Save Target Upload to WebMux Enter the path of configuration file to upload as the saved and active configuration Either type the path or use Browse button Then click the Upload button browse _ Upload Cancel 0 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved Download This feature allows the SAVED not necessarily the active configuration to be saved at the Administrative Browser workstation Click on the Click Here to display the configuration Choose File gt Save As from the browser menu to save it as a text file Changes can be made to this file and uploaded to the WebMux Upload Upload allows a confi
39. inistrator If you could not remember the supervisor s password someone has to go to the keypad to reset the password See page 21 for more details 44 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 The next question on the screen asks to set the time in the WebMux WebMux uses its clock to set cookie for the management browser When a WebMux manager login more than 8 hours without activity WebMux will log out the user based on the cookie However if the clock is off by more than 8 hours the manager will not be able to login into WebMux The second section on the rec screen will allow the manager to correct the clock if it is off After enter proper password and set clock information then continue button will bring up this screen a A 4602104 eibar AAA 675760 ler dt Iber Eels Bie EM Mos Ferallos Took Hop A A dede Ll 19216121 20 pH 0 1 eo veus initialization 4 0 00 Webilux s name without ihe demain name Veet u s doman nama IP address of front rouler used by Web Mun Wee ua a address i refers neban used as server prey address nebaon mack on this nebeeork Veetitiun s fied F address on the server s malware nebreork mask on this network Remake password file wth deiou passwords Veebilur administration HTTP pon Vielu admesiraton HTTPS port ls ihis Veda primary or solo j Waeb Alta le this Vibius nming sola withosd a secondary IP address on Web on servers network ued by servers as th
40. ions Stop possible hacker intrusion into your network from Internet Built in functions will detect any possible denial of service attack and make your services always available Inform you of the status of your network It provides phone pager and email notification so that the network administrator can be paged or The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 emailed whenever a server or WebMux goes down and when they return online The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 The WebMux Family The 1U WebMux family consists of two models They are e The WebMux e The WebMux Pro The table below compares the features of the models WebMux WebMux Pro Topologies Ethernet Fast Ethernet Yes N A GB Ethernet 1000Base TX N A Yes Balancing Method Round Robin Yes Yes Persistent Round Robin Yes Yes Weighted Round robin Yes Yes Persistent Weighted Round Yes Yes robin Least Connections Yes Yes Persistent Least Connections Yes Yes Weighted Least Connections Yes Yes Persistent Weighted Least Yes Yes Connections Fault Tolerance DisklessDesign Yes Yes Port aggregation Yes Yes Failover via serial link Yes Yes Service aware Yes Yes Server aware Yes Yes Backup server Yes Yes Performance Maximum concurrent 1 440 000 5 760 000 connections Maximum new connections per 7 000 40 000 second Maximum throughput per second 200MBitis 1GBitls Maximum Internet Link Speed 2xT3 1415X0042 Man
41. is farm Discard Changes Made User can select Yes at this point all the changes made will not be saved to the internal flash storage device By default is NO so that the change will take effect after next reboot Another way to discard all the changes is to move up arrow button all the way till it reach to the top the following display will show up Hold down to the center check mark button will discard all the changes Re initialize your config file with Admin farm This selection is typically for a primary and secondary installation or if you are running passive FTP Answer Y to add a secured and unsecured Administrative farm to the WebMux configuration If you choose port number below 1024 for administrative web console you do not to have this Admin farm answer N By creating an Admin farm the WebMux will not let passive FTP use the admin port Also this allows status page to be reached if one of the WebMuxes is not available The next question will be Reboot Now Reboot now The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 This is the end of initial configuration Most of the setup or changes require a reboot to take effect Press the center Check Mark Button to make the WebMux reboot After the WebMux rebooted the statistic of the incoming package outgoing package etc will be displayed on LCD periodically What if made mistake in my configuration later one One can always make changes to the har
42. ites History int i Address a la http 192 168 12 7 24 cgi bin add_dst SCOA80C0A0050090001 Po ae High Availability Solution CAI Networks Inc add server farm 192 168 12 10 80 server IP address hoz fiss pi h2 server port number ko weight RO o run state ACTIVE gt 1997 2001 CAJ Networks All rights reserved Server IP Address This is the IP address of the server to be added From version 4 0 3 WebMux allows adding label next to each servers IP address The purpose of labeling a server is only for helping name the server in the farm It has nothing to do with the name resolution of the server Although label can be anything it is always better to have meaningful and unique label for each server CAUTION Once the server is added the IP address cannot be changed To correct the IP address the server must be deleted and a new one be created Server Port Number Enter the port number of the server to be added The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 CAUTION Like the IP address once created the port number cannot be changed To correct the port number the old server needs to be deleted and a new one to be created Weight Scheduling priority weight Valid integer numbers are between 1 and 100 A server that has a weight of 2 will be directed twice as much traffic as a server with a weight of 1 A special zero weight setting is provided for a graceful shut down of a server Whe
43. lidation allows the WebMux to function as a proxy server for any host in the internal network The WebMux will translate all internal addresses to the IP address of the first farm defined This is the farm that is created when answering the question Enter Router LAN WebMux proxy IP address Configuring other computers using WebMux s proxy function is easy just point the gateway IP address to the WebMux backend IP address Do need to have a firewall in front of WebMux In most cases no WebMux blocks all the incoming traffic from router LAN to your internal network Unless there is a farm defined for a port number the outside traffic will not be able to reach to any server or computers behind WebMux WebMux does not have the management functionality for restricting which IP address or services an internal host can reach to the outside If such restriction is desirable then additional firewall is needed What can do if the service that want to load balance is not in the list WebMux as is already supports many different services In the case if your service is not in the list you could use generic TCP and or UDP to set your farm If that is still not good enough you may contact us for developing a special service aware module for you In most cases there is a very reasonable fee to be charged 52 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 53 Why secondary WebMux did not take over when powered down Primary WebMu
44. n the weight is changed to zero the WebMux will not accept new connections but will maintain all current connections to the server The connections will gradually reduce to zero as current clients sessions terminate When there are no connections the server is functionally dead or off line until the weight is changed back to a valid number Then the server can then be shutdown or taken out of service without affecting any users Caution Unlike a server that can go down unexpectedly the WebMux will not move a STANDBY server to ACTIVE when one or more server s weight is set to zero If the weight of all the servers in a farm were set to zero then the farm would be down because none of the servers are accepting new connections Run State e Active The server will be put into service immediately after it is added However once it is failed it will stay Standby mode until manually set its run state to Active again through the browser interface This will give system administrator time to fix the system or reboot the server once some software hardware update is going on e Favorite Active The server will be put into services immediately after it is added If a Favorite Active server failed once it is operational WebMux will automatically put it back to the Active state e Standby The server will be put into STANDBY or backup mode after it is added The WebMux will change a STANDBY server to ACTIVE when one or more
45. ng on the farm IP addresses n modify farm Microsoft Internet Explorer Edit Favorites Tools Help 90 A Ala a 3 3 H ie Somat Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Discuss mu hitp 192 168 12 7 24 cgr bin modi_src SCOA80C0A0050090001 al Go Links gt CAI Networks Inc modify farm farm IP address 192 168 12 10 farm port number 80 farm scheduling method weighted round robin persistent 1997 2001 CAJ Networks All rights reserved Farm IP address and port number These numbers are displayed here for reference purposes These fields are set in the Add Farm screen Once set they are not changeable If they must be changed delete the farm and then add a new one Farm scheduling method Eight different methods are supported e Least connections e Least connections persistent e Round robin e Round robin persistent e Weighted least connections e Weighted least connections persistent e Weighted round robin e Weighted round robin persistent Delete Click this button to delete the entire farm 38 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 CAUTION This function also deletes ALL the servers under this farm Add Server Click this button to add a new server to this farm 3 adding server Microsoft Internet Explorer Elle Edit View Favorites Tools Help eo gt 0 A A oO me Back Forward Stop Refresh Home Search Favor
46. nnects the router and the WebMux is called the Router LAN In this LAN the WebMux takes the Internet traffic and distributes it to the web servers behind it The LAN connecting WebMux and web servers together is called Server LAN _ The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Only WebMux boxes are connected to both Router LAN and Server LAN At least one WebMux is needed to define the Router LAN and the Server LAN The side of the WebMux that connects to the Router LAN is to send and receive all the IP packets from the router to the Internet The side of the WebMux that connects to the Server LAN is to send and receive IP packets to and from the servers in the farms By properly configuring WebMux one can create one or more Virtual Farms on top of physical hardware Hardware Setup Collect Information Make a drawing of the existing network and note all the configuration settings This will help you to fall back to the existing configurations if needed Make a new drawing for the new setup with the WebMux and the web farm in place This will be used as a guide for setup and preparation of all the necessary material and equipment Collect all the IP addresses their network masks network addresses and broadcast addresses for the Server LAN and Router LAN WebMux interfaces The IP address of the Internet router is also needed Label all the cables Prepare additional cables if needed Make sure there are enough elect
47. ny address that is reachable on your Internet side Front Router Connection Verification Bin Port It can be any port number for the verification process to connect Some device does not allow TCP connection However WebMux is smart enough to figure out the error message means the device is talking back thus the network connection is okay Persistence Timeout WebMux will keep track the browser connections if the persistent farm is defined and accessed Within the timeout time period WebMux will send any request from the browser IP address to the same server Our survey shows 5 6 minutes is the best value for most cases The larger the persistence timeout value the less chance user connection get lost However by keeping a lot of connections in the WebMux memory the maximum number of concurrent connections will drop Outbound Connection Timeout WebMux keeps track the outbound connections This outbound proxy function provides communication tunnels for servers behind it to talk to other computers on the Internet side This type of connection is different from the connections from outside through server farms to the servers After the connection closed from the servers to the outside computer it will wait this timeout minutes before it removes that from the tracking table Setting this too long will cause WebMux allocating too much memory thus reduce the memory for other functions The default value is 15 minutes 29 The WebM
48. r LAN Network Broadcast Address Administration Setup Information Remake home webmux conf passwd Y N Y N Administration HTTP Port Number Secure Administration HTTP Port Number Is this WebMux primary WebMux running solo without backup Y N Reboot Y N 46 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Sample Configuration Worksheets Standalone WebMux Configuration Before WebMux Installation Equipment IP Address Internet Router or Firewall Address 205 133 156 1 Webserver s Default Gateway 205 133 156 1 Web Site IP Address 205 133 156 200 Configuration After WebMux Installation Question Entry Host Name webmux Domain Name Cainetworks com Router LAN Information Router LAN WebMux Proxy IP Address 205 133 156 200 Router LAN Network IP Address Mask 255 255 255 0 Router LAN Network IP Address 205 133 156 0 Router LAN Broadcast IP Address 205 133 156 255 Internet Router LAN Gateway IP address 205 133 156 1 Server LAN Information Server LAN WebMux IP Address 192 168 199 251 Server LAN Gateway IP Address 192 168 199 1 Server LAN Network IP Address Mask 255 255 255 0 Server LAN Network IP Address 192 168 199 0 Server LAN Network Broadcast Address 192 168 199 255 Administration Setup Information Remake home webmux conf passwd Y Administration HTTP Port Number
49. r real IP address webmuxgw 192 168 199 1 server lan gateway webmuxip 192 168 199 254 server lan WebMux How many browsers can simultaneously access the WebMux management console The limit is 4 can t login with my browser The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 DO DO To use your browser to manage the WebMux it must be set to accept all cookies Because the cookie sets expired in 8 hours you also need to make sure your hardware clock set correctly using GMT have added a new farm server but the changes are not showing up on the STATUS screen The web browser caching pages may cause this If the new configuration does not appear after clicking on Reload or Refresh then clear the cache or temporary files on the browser Will my web server be able to communicate to a credit card validation service like Cybercash Yes Any communication initiated from the internal or private network the WebMux will substitute the IP address of its router LAN interface for the IP address of the host initiating the conversation Any service that requires a specific IP address to allow communication into their network the IP address of the router LAN interface must be the one provided We have CyberCash engineers worked with us to test this is working fine Can use the WebMux as a proxy server for other hosts in my internal network Yes The function that allows the web servers to talk to services such as the credit card va
50. rical or UPS outlets for all the new equipment Hardware Setup Setup the new network Power down all the devices on the network If you have a secondary WebMux connect the WebMuxes with the special serial cable Connect the servers to the Server LAN Connect the WebMux es to the Server LAN Connect the WebMux es to the Router LAN Power up all devices network Verify that all the devices are up and running You are now ready to configure WebMux Hardware Setup Configuration Summary CAUTION Do not proceed without collecting the necessary information 17 The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 e Turn on the WebMux You will see the version number like this e After self test hold down the Check Mark button on the WebMux will display the first question Enter WebMux host name e During the initial configuration you will be asked to provide names and IP addresses See next section Each item is explained in the order it is asked e Answer the questions Reboot Note When reboot is complete the first question will re appear e The monitor and keyboard are now no longer needed If you prefer disconnect the monitor and keyboard e Run the Management Browser Initial Configuration Enter WebMux Host Name This is the host name of the WebMux It is used for identification purposes You may call it webmux1 webmux2 etc trick to enter name quickly If you hold down the up down but
51. the minute of the hour Note The recommendation is to set the WebMux clock to UTC GMT time Time Zone Select the time or hour offset to the UTC GMT time Confirm Cancel Click Confirm to execute the date and time change Click Cancel to return to the previous screen WITHOUT making any date or time changes The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Status 3 show configuration Microsoft Internet Explorer Eile Edit View Favorites Tools Help O 3 O Ala au 3 J Back Forward Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Address la https 192 168 12 7 35 cgi bin show_status time 1004489205 5301 41 High Availability Solution webserver loadbalancer Tue Oct 30 17 47 07 2001 up since Tue Oct 30 16 06 17 2001 CAI Networks Inc 192 168 10 7 192 168 11 7 webmux cainetworks com type service IP address port serversiweight status usage 1 WRR P farm http s 192 168 1210 980 443 2 servers ALIVE 0 2 server 192 60 H 8 80 443 weight 1 ps 3 server 192 168 11 1 80 443 weight 1 Upload el ut Pai Download nanan te eins 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved QoS lA Internet hi Add Farm Click Add Farm to add a virtual web or FTP site The ADD FARM screen will appear Save Changes made to the Farm and Server will take effect immediately The changes however are not saved permanently to the flash memory until the Save button is clicked Unsaved sett
52. ton for more than a second the letter will start changing quickly Note the left most down arrow on the LCD allowing user to skip certain entries Enter WebMux Domain Name The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 It is for identification only Although it can be any name we suggest using the primary domain name of the Router LAN network If you have only one domain use that domain name Note that left most position on the LCD has changed to up and down arrow allowing user to go back and forth for questions and answers Router LAN Information Enter Router LAN WebMux Proxy IP Address This is the IP address that the WebMux uses as the external IP address when it functions as a proxy This IP address will be referred to as the first farm When any server behind the WebMux on the Server LAN initiates communication with another host the WebMux substitutes the servers IP address with this address Enter Router LAN Network IP Address Mask This is the network mask of the Router LAN network It is usually 255 255 255 0 for class C networks Enter Router LAN gateway Address This address is normally the gateway address of your existing server s before adding the WebMux This would be the IP address of the Internet router s Ethernet port that connects to the Router LAN An example of a router LAN gateway IP address is 205 180 168 1 However if there is a firewall then this is the IP address of the firew
53. ux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Server Scan Mode WebMux talks to the real servers in the farm through the layer 4 7 protocols every few seconds This is important process for monitoring servers health situation If there are a lot of farms and a lot of servers WebMux may not be able to get around to check all the servers in few seconds If that is the case user can enable the scan mode from sequential to concurrent WebMux will have multiple protocol scanner to chat with servers in concurrent mode For most setups sequential scan is good enough Reboot Changes to server gateway address server farm network mask and WebMux http control port and WebMux https control port require a reboot of the WebMux to take effect You can use the Reboot button to reboot the WebMux remotely Change Password SWO Microso nternet xpiorer File Edit View Favorites Tools Help B Al a ho gt Back Fonverd Stop Refresh Home Search Favorites History Print Edit Discuss Address ia htp 192 168 12 7 24 cgi bin chg_poss 7 Go Links j ligh Availability Solutic change password WebMux new password new password again 1997 2001 CAI Networks All rights reserved i Internet Name Select the login name for which the password is to be changed New Password Enter the new password This is the password to which the login will be changed New Password Again Enter the same password as in the
54. x Secondary WebMux monitors primary WebMux as well as few other things Before it takes over it makes sure it can reach to the router LAN gateway as well as at least one server defined in any farm If secondary WebMux cannot reach to the front router LAN gateway or it cannot see any server in any farm then it will consider the primary disconnect or power down was done purposely by operator Why my Fastlron Switch set to 100MB fix speed does not work with WebMux WebMux uses Intel network chipsets internally Intel chipsets follows all industrial standards and have good performance and reliability However we did discovered some of the Foundry Networks switches does not negotiate with Intel chipsets well To make them work together one will need to set the switch to auto negotiation on speed instead of fixed 100 They will communicate each other at 100BT or 1000BT Pro version only The WebMux User Guide Version 4 x Rev2 Notice to the USA C Compliance Information Statement Declaration of Conformity Procedure DoC FCC Part 15 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the
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