O´Higgins S/X Bands Cryogenic Receiver
Contents
1. 1227 m Figure 1 Cryostat overview cold head green vacuum case pink and violet radiation shield blue cold stage violet and thermal transition orange The cryostat design is based on the previous cryostat installed at O Higgins Station This new design has been performed carefully due to the little free space inside the cryostat and also taking into account the space in the receiver box Figure 2 Previous dewar design inside the receiver box The cryostat is built over a Model 22 CTI cold head in a steel made cylindrical dewar At the top cover a vacuum window Wettzell Observatory supplied lets the X band radiation go through for the S band a hermetic N connector feedthrough is used At the bottom cover there are all the RF connectors for S and X bands the flange for the pressure sensor DC cabling and housekeeping connectors O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Inside the cryostat attached to the intermediate stage there is an aluminum made cylindrical radiation shield covered with multilayer isolator MLI The temperature of this stage is less than 70 K Removing the radiation shield the entire receiver can be2. CE E A O A 8 11 11 T an 00 LC LL LLL CT Rhe 37 03 dB 3p 23 dB HE m m AS sm zu 3 Chi Start 2 00000 GHz Stop 3 00000 GHz Cont CH1 C 2 Port S band hand formable cable directional coupler isolator 41 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Reference Level 1 600 dB H Print Tr 1 S11 LogM 5 000dB 30 0dB Tr 2 S21 LogM 0 10098 1 60dB 0 1 10 sada A hld A hla ax AY LA AY EN MAY so AE PY Y of WI ST ppp E eo 5 y o c e wo ho a a 221 co NEEE Y Y 3 gt Chl Start 7 00000 GHz Cant C 2 Port X band output cable UT 85B SS File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Reference Level 1 300 dB Tr 1 S11 LogM 5 000dB 30 0dB Tr 2 S21 LogM 0 10098 1 30dB 0 8 000 3F 81 dB 0 80 8 200 30 2 8 500 211 48 dB gt 2 8 500 37 co 00 O O IA LILA 45 IP Ip 11111111 mE 3 gt Chl Start 7 00000 GHz Stop 9 00000 GHz Cont _ 1 512 2 Port X band calibration input cable UT 85B SS 42 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver File Trace Chan Response Marker Analy
3. sssssssessssscsssseseecssssssessacssssesscacsnssessacsssssseseacsasseseseecsassestaes 36 O3 2S DANG ISOlALOlSPECINCALIONS aiii 37 24 peca 37 9 5 Temperature sensors Specifications sscssssssessesecsessssessecssssessasacsessessarscssssesearsassesesransassestares 38 9 6 S band coupler narda 4013C 20 Specifications eene 39 RM 40 Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 1 Introduction This report summarizes the new design and characteristics of the S and X bands cryogenic receiver for the Geodetic Antartic Station O Higgins developed at Technology Development Center Yebes Observatory The receiver is based on a two stage closed cycle cryocooler CTI 22 the cold stage below 20 K and the intermediate stage below 70 K Specifications X Band 8 15 9 0 GHz lt 20 K cold stage Pressure Leaks at room temperature 2 105 mbar l s mainly outgassing e gt 25 dB at 5 band 30 dB at X band Noise Temperature 5 band lt 20K d X band lt 20 K S band N connector X band waveguide WR 112 Input S band calibration SMA X band calibration SMA S band SMA De X band SMA VS Frequency Bands for Geodetic Observations Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 2 Cryostat geometry Next figures show the cryostat design 182
4. 0 09 dB 2 2 300 0 10 dB m n E m E 41111111 11111111 ME E 2 Start 1 50000 GHz T 2 000 GH 2 2 300 GH x ANA dd 3 gt Chl Start 1 50000 GHz Stop 3 00000 GHz 4 CHI Start 1 50000 GHz Stop 3 00000 GHz Cont CH1 C 2 Port o e ED M O S band input cable UT 85B SS 5 cm length File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Scale Per Division 0 100 dB Tr 1 S11 LogM 5 000dB 30 0dB Tr 2 S21 LogM 0 10098 0 60dB 5 00 1 2 000 GHe 3F 77 dB 0 10 Seb rz 2530 28 52 dB gt 2 630 GH MANR AMEN 111111 eco 21111411 3 Chi Start 1 50000 GHz Cont C 2 Port S band output cable UT 85B SS 40 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Reference Level 0 280 dB Print Tr 1 S11 LogM 5 000dB 30 0dB Tr 2 S21 LogM 0 10098 0 28dB 0 22 3 gt Chl Start 1 50000 GHz Cont CH1 C 2 Port S band calibration input cable UT 85B SS File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 2 Scale Per Division 0 010 dB Tr 1 S11 LogM 5 000dB 30 0dB 512 LogM 0 0104 0 02dB cmt LLL MR SE
5. O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver B Vaquero L Vigil M Patino J M Serna J A L pez Fern ndez J A L pez P rez F Tercero J M Yag e J A Abad C Almendros Informe T cnico IT CDT 2013 11 Revision history Version Date Updates 1 0 October 2013 First Version 1 1 April 2014 Update Gain and Coupling measurements O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Index 1 le 0 ii 1 1 uuo tieu dun 3 LL VACA 4 Tt 4 ZI A OW a eer 6 2 1 22 iii beis 6 2 2 Intermediate stage and radiation shield sese 7 258 8 24 FINNIE Seno a aa 8 2 5 Merna i 9 2 5 1 Low Noise Amplifiers biasing wiring essere nennen nnne nnns 11 2 9 2 ici 12 2 6 Thermal waveguide transition wisi rm ORG adit 13 a SyS TE aida clica 17 4 Cryostat thermal and vacuum behavior eese tenente tenent reee 19 5 Receiver calibration noise temperature gain and coupling sss 21 6 L w Noise Amphiiers 24 Jstallation and x dime oi EE MEE DE LITE 29 MEN ert eres 33 56 APPENA O 35 94 5 Walid ea 35 9 2 Xband amplifier SpecificationsS
6. 77 OUTLINE DRAWING O cem mem ORIGINAL SIGNATURES ON FILE MACHINE FINISH OR BETTER PAssive Microwave TECHnology poe 040 128 002 001 CEE RE See 24500 c 004 001 E ISOLATOR 2 MARK PER SWP100284 ee DIM ARE IN INCHES SIZE 55387 NO EUN jmwmsm _ 87 CWJ1015 K13B 015 198 NOTES USEDON PONOTSONEDRAMNG TOL um 37 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 5 Temperature sensors specifications DT 670 5D Features m Best accuracy across the widest useful temperature range 1 4 K to 500 K of any silicon diode in the industry Tightest tolerances for 30 to 500 K applications of any silicon diode to date Rugged reliable Lake Shore 50 package designed to withstand repeated thermal cycling and minimize sensor self heating m Conformance to standard DT 670 temperature response curve m Variety of packaging options DT 670E BR Features m Temperature range 1 4 K to 500 K m Bare die sensors with the smallest size and fastest thermal response time of any silicon diode on the market today m Non magnetic sensor DT 621 HR Features Temperature range 1 4 to 325 K m Non magnetic package m Exposed flat substrate for surface mounting Lalibrated down to 1 4 uncalibrated Curve 01 570 to 20 www lakeshore com CAUTION Th
7. A 50 5 M 1 1 1 O O p O a 6 E S 7 4 1 G Q gt B 2 2 5 in O O 19 gt d O 5 a o o O O Lo gt in td 1 2 oO 0 O O 5 0 5 Ea 55 TK 90 m 20 Figure 10 Cold stage design The cold stage consists of a three copper plates The main one is directly attached to the cold head cold stage the others are screwed to both sides of the first one Attached to these plates are placed the vacuum trap thermostat heating resistor and the temperature sensor same specifications than the used for the intermediate stage The S and X LNAs and the X band directional coupler are attached to the lateral plates Figure 11 Cold stage with LNAs and housekeeping elements 2 4 Amplifier setting up The cryostat contains two low noise amplifiers S Band LNA TTI LNA S 2248 CRYO Band LNA 4 12 GHz Cryogenic LNA 1197 Detailed specifications and biasing information can be found in the appendix O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Figure 13 X band low noise amplifier 2 5 Internal DC wiring There are 3 hermetic Fischer connectors at the dewar bottom flange figure 5 of them with 16 pin for monitoring signals and housekeeping Two of them with 11 pin for the amplifiers biasing signals C mt Next figures show the Fischer connectors pin out 11 and 16 pin Figure 14 11
8. Equipment Result Frequency Range 2 2 2 7 GHz 2 2 2 7 Noise Temperature N8975A Compliance Average Gain 5 26 dB e 5230 gt 27 dB Gain Flatness 2dB p p N5230A lt 1 1 dB p p 52 Input VSWR based on 5230 604 Output VSWR QUA 5230 263dB Power Consumption EST 34970 lt 12 4 mW Unconditionally Sliding U2002A Note 1 Stable Shorts 1909D2 Amplifier Stability Note 1 Amplifier stability was tested at cryogenic temperature changing Vp from 0 to 1 75V for each stage 35 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 2 X band amplifier specifications SIGNAL UI CO TO 11 MDM 9PH038B A174 FRONT VIEW CONNECT SIDE Amplifier external view id CRYO LNA REPORT DATE 15 04 13 4 12 S N TRANSISTOR 1s STAGE HRL 150x0 1 um T 78 5 4850 TRANSISTOR 2 STAGE HRL 150x0 1 um T 78 22 4948 TRANSISTOR 39 STAGE HRL 150x0 1 um T 78 2 4948 ROOM TEMPERATURE DATA 21 922 Va 1 50 In 10 OPTIMUM BIAS Va 191 Ip 10 Va 1 50 10 AVERAGE NOISE 59 4 MIN INPUT RETURN LOSS 3 4 AVERAGE GAIN 33 0 MIN OUTPUT RETURN LOSS 15 3 CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE DATA T 144 Va 0 95 lat 45 Va 0 75 In 3 9 Pdiss 953 mW Va 0 75 147123 OPTIMUM BIAS AVERAGE NOISE TEMP 5 36 NOISE 6 09 SPAN FULL BAND 2 14 GHz MIN INPUT RETURN LOSS 34 MI
9. Just using a rotary pump at low temperatures can cause vacuum inversion It is important to verify the turbomolecular pump behavior during the process The pressure inside the receiver should be at 5 105 mbar or lower Switch on the compressor The temperatures will start decreasing The vacuum valve has to be opened until the intermediate stage reaches at least 120 K If it is allowed by the pumping system the valve can be opened until the system achieves the final temperatures After 10 11 hours the cryostat will reach its operational cryogenic temperature and pressure Temperature radiation shield Temperature cold stage Pressure lt 105 mbar 30 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Switch off For switching off the system proceed as follows Be sure that the pumping valve is closed Switch off the compressor Switch off the LNAs biasing module Leave the cryostat warming to room temperature This can be verified at the temperature monitor This process can be accelerated by turning on the heating resistors 25 V and the zeolites regeneration resistors 6 V Once the system is at room temperature open slowly the vacuum valve to achieve atmospheric pressure inside the cryostat Warning Be careful with the temperature values when using zeolites regeneration and heating resistors to warm the cryostat Once the final room temperature is achieved do not to open the dewar immediately It is necessary to wait for
10. O O i 2 oeio o O E o 10 o O O O d Occ Oro 102 10k O TEST2 1000 0000 c A 01 1N4148 a R mo C10 OL R61 829 15UF 20V DIS aeS ot _ JO 15UF 20V 06 6v8 DIN 41612664 VD3 16k O o M 5 103 d ras TTU o O 0581 1 v63 c6 nis ADS R41 1K R56 1K OT 0 652 27 0000000 9 47 50 zj 292219 000000 3 ES 20 4809 e A K a in o R40 49k9 R39 100k e m O Qr ED IK TEST3 lt m IG O Ul ITO O Ul 5 R33 2K TEST4 lt BL E c A VD4 La 3 0000000000000000000000000000000 104 o me tox O Figure 35 PC Board Components LNAs Biasing Monitor DB25 Connector Pin out Vaz X White blue dots Table 9 LNAs Biasing Monitor DB25 Connector pin out 26 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Biasing cables pin out Fischer Pin DB9 Pin 01 Bak 2 2 Bue LR LR Table 10 S band 5 m cable description 2 2 Bow Vd 3 o 3 __ 4 4 Orne _ 6 6 Bme vda Table 11 X band 5 m cable description Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 7 Installation first use and switch off For receiver installation proceed as follows Vacuum contro
11. a few minutes for the temperature system to be stabilized with the resistors turned off If the dewar is opened too soon water vapor can appear inside the cryostat and it could cause damages 31 Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 8 References 1 10 11 12 13 Behrens G Campbell W Williams D White S Guidelines for de Design of Cryogenic Systems National Radio Astronomy Observatory NRAO Green Bank West Virginia 1997 CTI Cryogenics cryodyne refrigeration systems Helix Techonology Corporation 2002 USA D az F Becerro J S Cryogenic Low Noise Amplifier TTI 2013 DT 670 Sensor Catalog Lakeshore http www lakeshore com Documents LSTC DT670 l pdf Juntas t ricas Epidor Catalog O rings L pez J A Gallego J D de Vicente P Abad J A Almendros C Criostato del receptor S X de VLBI del CAY Informe t cnico IT OAN 1994 6 Malo I L pez Fern ndez J A Tercero F Abad Almendros C Fern ndez Yague J M Criostato del receptor de GHz del CAY Informe t cnico IT OAN 2005 12 Multiple Uses of Model 22C 350C Cryodyne Refrigerators Installation Operation andServicing Instructions Brooks USA Serna Puente J M L pez Fern ndez J A L pez P rez J A Tercero F et al Nuevo receptor banda C de la antena Aries del Observatorio de Yebes Informe t cnico IT OAN 2010 14 Serna Puente J M L pez F
12. behavior 0 11 0 1 Pirani Pressure 0 04 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Time min Temperature K O Higgins Cryostat Thermal Behavior 390 Cold Stage Stage 310 290 250 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Time min Figure 29 Vacuum test Pirani sensor and thermal behavior during the vacuum test zeolites regeneration and heating resistors turned on during the first 11 hours 20 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 5 Receiver calibration noise temperature gain and coupling The Y factor method has been used to calibrate the receiver measure the noise temperature The noise temperature measurement is carried out connecting the receiver input to different adapted loads with known temperatures When the load at the input has a temperature Ty the power at the output is Py hot load If a second measure is done with a load with a different temperature Tc the power will be different Pc cold load Then the receiver noise temperature can be calculated by the following expressions Ty Tax where This method is based on hypothesis that the receiver behavior is between Py and Pc The thermal loads used for these measurements are Hotload coaxial SMA 50 Q load at room temperature 297 Cold load coaxial SMA 50 Q load submerged in liquid nitrogen 77 The following res
13. easily reached It is the coldest part of the receiver at approximately 18 K Both amplifiers and the directional coupler are thermally attached to the copper made cold stage The RF cables that connect the cold stage amplifiers and couplers with the room temperature stage SMA connectors and N connector are coaxial semi rigid steel cables UT 085B SS Figure 3 Cryostat overview current design 2 1 Vacuum case The dewar consists of two main parts stainless steel cylinder with the top cover and the bottom cover At the top cover the inputs for the X and S bands are presented vacuum window for X band and N connector adapter for S band The dewar lower flange has several outputs for different uses Cold head connection to place the cold head in the right position a second flange was placed between the lower flange and the cold head To get the desire vacuum two viton seals have been used aperture with a transition for the vacuum control pressure sensor Three hermetic Fischer connectors for the housekeeping control and monitoring and amplifiers biasing Four SMA hermetic connectors for the RF input output signals calibration and RF Inside the dewar at the bottom cover there is an aluminum plate to carry out the transition between room temperature DC wiring and the cryogenic wires using DB connectors O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 28 6 Lear 216 4 T 202 8 200 y y
14. s OO o 20 238 268 O O 228 6 3 ix no Y 13 mM m 228 6 2101 Figure 4 Dewar vacuum seals and flange dimensions At the cylinder there are two flanges one for the vacuum valve and the other one closed with a blind flange the original safety vacuum valve has been removed because its use isn t necessary and it could be a leakage source Figure 5 Bottom dewar cover and outer cylinder Figure 6 Cold head flange O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 2 1 1 Vacuum window The vacuum window goal is to allow transition physical electromagnetic and vacuum between the X band horn that it is out of the cryostat and the directional coupler Figure 7 Vacuum window and waveguide transition 2 1 2 Vacuum seals O rings with their main specifications and locations are presented in the table below Cold Head E flange Vacuum case bottom flange OR VI 202 57 JERE 346 631 ER transition Golden transition top flange OR VI 425 319 EN Vacuum sensor lower flange OR VI 346 768 Vacuum case bottom flange ES 128584 1 Helicoflex Golden transition top flange eS 114 5 x 123 5 x 4 5 125820 1 Helicoflex Garlock Vacuum sensor lower fl
15. sure the helium pipes and compressor pressure is correct as indicated in the user s manual and they are not contaminated Remove all dust plugs and caps from the helium supply and return lines compressor and cold head Check all fittings Connect the helium return line between the compressor and the cold head Connect the helium supply line between the compressor and the cold head Verify proper helium supply static pressure 245 psi for CTI 8200 compressor If the indicated pressure is not the specified by the compressor manufacturer follow the instructions supplied by the manufacturer Connect the cold head cable between the compressor and the cold head 29 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Figure 36 O Higgins cryostat vacuum and cooling test Connecting the LNAs biasing module Connect the LNAs biasing module to a power supply 15 V 15 V GND Power supply off Plug the S and X bands LNAs biasing cables between the LNA Bias Module and the cryostat figure 5 The LNAs biasing points are already set up In case a verification or change is needed go to chapter 6 Turn on the power supply verify correct electric current values table 8 Firstuse After 24 hours pumping the system is ready to start the cooling down process Warning Be sure your vacuum system can be used during cooling process For carrying out this process usually it is necessary to have a rotary and a turbomolecular pump
16. 0 0 25 0 25 1 25 1 25 0 75 50 50 3 06 18 4015 6 64100 15 040 2 00 1 30 1 30 0 50 50 E 08 23 m2 4015C 10 104125 17 040 1 00 1 30 1 30 0 50 50 5 3 08 23 4015C 20 20 1 00 17 0 30 0 35 1 25 1 25 0 50 50 50 3 08 23 4015 30 304100 17 030 030 1 25 1 25 0 50 50 50 3 08 23 4055 6 6 1 10 12 0 60 2 00 1 35 1 40 0 60 50 2 2 08 23 wen 4055 10 10 1 50 12 0 60 1 00 1 35 1 40 0 75 50 5 2 08 23 4055 20 20 1 25 15 0 50 0 50 1 35 1 40 0 75 50 50 2 08 23 4055 30 304125 15 0 50 0 50 1 35 1 40 0 75 50 50 2 08 23 4016D 6 6 1 00 15 0 30 2 00 135 140 0 50 50 2 1 07 20 40160 10 10 1 00 15 0 30 0 85 1 30 140 0 50 50 5 1 07 20 4016 20 20 1 00 15 0 50 0 55 1 30 1 40 0 50 50 50 1 08 23 4016C 30 _ 30 1 00 15 0 50 0 55 1 30 1 40 0 50 50 50 1 08 23 Frequency Sensitivity included in coupling Special order devices Minimum quantity may apply Outline Drawings MODEL D E F 4011C 10 3 06 58 1 500 78 34 2 52 4011C 20 3 04 55 1 750 65 30 2 50 4012C 6 1 82 55 938 44 30 1 28 4012C 10 20 1 82 55 938 44 30 1 28 4012C 30 1 82 58 938 44 34 1 28 4013C 6 1 20 55 344 43 30 66 4013C 10 20 1 20 55 344 43 30 66 4013C 30 1 20 59 344 43 35 66 39 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 7 RF Measurements File Trace Chan Response Marker Analysis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Scale Per Division 0 020 dB HA 11 511 10 00dB 50 0d Tr 2 512 LogM 0 020dB 0 0498 0 06 Te 2 000
17. 2398 350 300 350 400 451 H ba mperatune e mail infogplakeshare com 38 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 6 S band coupler narda 4013C 20 specifications 0 5 18 GHz SMA Miniature Stripline Coaxial Couplers Smallest Lightest Units Available from 0 5 to 18 GHz 58 Highest Directivity Lowest VSWR 2 4 GHz e Excellent Frequency Flatness Operational to 105 C without Degradation 125 C Storage Specifications SMA F 0 5 to 18 GHz 50 W POWER POWER Ww 4011C 10 10 1 25 25 0 20 0 80 1 15 1 15 0 75 50 5 3 13 37 4011C 20 20 1 25 25 0 20 0 80 1 15 1 15 0 75 50 50 3 13 4012C 6 6 1 00 25 0 20 1 80 1 15 1 15 0 60 50 2 3 09 26 E 4012C 10 104125 25 0 20 0 90 1 10 1 10 0 75 50 5 3 09 26 4012C 20 20 1 25 27 0 20 0 20 1 10 1 10 0 75 50 50 3 09 26 4012C30 30 1 25 27 0 20 0 20 1 10 1 10 0 75 50 50 3 09 26 4013C 6 6 1 00 22 0 20 1 80 1 15 1 15 0 60 50 2 3 06 18 34 4013C10 10 1 25 22 0 25 0 80 1 15 1 15 0 75 50 5 3 06 18 4013C 20 20 1 25 22 0 20 0 25 1 15 1 15 0 75 50 50 3 06 18 E 4013C 30 30 1 25 22 0 20 0 20 1 15 1 15 0 75 50 50 3 06 18 m 4216 10 10 1 50 15 1 40 1 40 1 40 50 5 3 21 60 4216220 20 1 50 14 130 130 _50 50 3 21 60 4014C 6 6 1 00 18 0 25 2 00 1 25 1 25 0 60 50 2 3 06 18 14 4014C 10 10 5125 20 0 25 1 00 1 25 1 25 0 75 50 5 3 06 18 4014C 20 20 1 25 20 0 25 0 30 1 25 1 25 0 75 50 50 3 06 18 _ 4014C30 30 1 25 2
18. N OUTPUT RETURN LOSS 15 3 AVERAGE GAIN 34 2 36 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 3 S band isolator specifications REVISION eT NC RELEASED 1299 A WEISS SMA FEMALE 125 38 je 2 PLACES id ts A 500 7 i i 25 i 1 000 1 25 SPECIFICATIONS FREQUENCY 22 26GH ISOLATION 20 08 MIN t INSERTION LOSS 0 35 08 33 55 VSWR 1 25 1 TEMPERATURE 77 K 2 56 UNC 2B 12 DEEP 3 PLACES BOTH SIDES OUTLINE DRAWING HOLE PATTERN TYP ab e OPPOSITE SIDE AS wee _ Ln NEZ ON LE A POE PA ssive Microwave TECH nology CAL FORMA HOLE TOLERANCE m asom saw pt ABON 37289 040 120 007 007 G STAYER 51259 mE Dmm ma ISOLATOR 15 760 006 2 MARK PER SWP100284 T NO PAINT ENG G 5 72 59 Lee B 55387 STET1408K wc NOTES G ara lt MOTASSY SCALE CESA Ams SS am ser 9 4 X band isolator specifications REVISION m e E RELEASED 12805 R WESS 2 56 UNC 2B 12 DEEP 8 PLACES SPECIFICATIONS 0112 009 FREQUENCY 30 40GHz 40 1056 105 120 GHz ISOLATION 25dBMIN 18dB MIN 14 dB MIN INSERTION LOSS 0 648 1 1 08 MAX CWJ1015 K13B VSWR 38 1 28 1 MAX 1 38 1 MAX S N XXX TO7TPK 4
19. ange Helicoflex 41 5 x 50 5 x 4 5 1 Table 1 Viton vacuum seals Epidor 51 and Helicoflex seals Viton seals supplied by Wettzell The reference belongs to an Epidor catalog compatible gasket O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 2 2 Intermediate stage and radiation shield The intermediate stage is an aluminum plate of 5 mm thickness and 182 mm diameter screwed onto the first stage of the cold head Attached to this plate there is an aluminum cylinder to cover the cold stage and reduce the radiation load The radiation shield is covered with multilayer isolator MLI 8 layers 182 63 3 qe 15 253 E 182 Figure 8 Intermediate stage design and radiation shield On the intermediate stage a temperature sensor a heating resistor a thermostat and a zeolites based vacuum trap are installed These devices have the following characteristics Heating resistor 100 0 25 W Zeolites regeneration resistor the vacuum trap includes 100 and 2 5 W regeneration resistor Temperature sensor DT 670 Lakeshore Si diode Thermostat 70 3 Figure 9 Intermediate stage installed in the cryostat and radiation shield with MLI O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 2 3 Cold stage
20. eceiver Figure 20 Thermal transition and directional coupler The previous structure was measured using the vector network analyzer The relevant values of the measurements are presented in table 7 S21 dB 0 8 0 6 0 4 0 2 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 8 8 2 8 4 8 6 8 8 9 Frecuencia GHz Figure 21 Chain insertion loss 511 522 8 2 8 4 8 6 8 8 9 Frecuencia GHz Figure 22 Return losses ports 1 and 2 14 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 10 15 20 1 23 91 22 84 21 dB 24 55 522 dB 30 35 40 20111222 45 77 45 81 45 11 45 50 8 8 2 8 4 8 6 8 8 9 Frecuencia GHz Figure 23 Isolation and return losses port 3 10 15 20 2 27 70 27 52 27 22 S21 dB 30 1 35 40 45 50 t 8 8 2 8 4 8 6 8 8 9 Frecuencia GHz Figure 24 Coupling factor 1 0 8 0 6 0 4 0 2 0 116 0 123 0 101 A EN 0 2 0 S34 dB 0 4 0 6 0 8 1 7 7 5 8 8 5 9 9 5 10 Frecuencia GHz Figure 25 Waveguide losses Return Losses Ports 1 and 2 20 2 7 2 45 2 Return Losses Ports Tand2 22 3 3 35 lt lt 2 Table 7 Thermal transition with directional coupler final measurements 15 Intentionally left in blank O Hi
21. ern ndez J A Tercero F et al Receptor criog nico bandas K Q de la Antena Aries del Centro de Desarrollos Tecnol gicos de Yebes Informe t cnico IT OAN 2013 Tercero F Vigil L L pez Fern ndez J A Dise o y construcci n de una transici n en gu a de ondas y acoplador direccional en banda X para el criostato alem n en O Higgins Informe T cnico CDT 2013 9 Vaquero B Serna Puente J M L pez Fern ndez J A Tercero F L pez P rez J A Patino et al Wettzell S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Informe T cnico CDT 2013 4 4 12 GHz Cryogenic LNA YXA 1197 Centro Astron mico de Yebes 33 Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 9 Appendix 9 1 S band amplifier specifications ITTCannon MDM 9PHSB A174 FRONT VIEW WIRING SIDE DC connector pin out Amplifier external view ROOM TEMPERATURE DATA 292K Nominal Bi First Stage Mitsubishi MGFC4419 2 00V Ip 10mA 4 26 ominal Bias Second Stage Mitsubishi MGFC4419 2 00 Ip 10mA Va 4 41 V Maximum Average Noise Temperature 57 81 47 8 Average Gain Ripple 25 8 0 85dB Minimum Input Return Loss 6 6 dB Minimum Output Return Loss 25 1 dB CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE DATA 15K 1 20 Ver 2 01V Optimum Bias lt 12 4mW DI Bie E 0 80V Vaz 2 06V Technical Specification Requirement Test
22. ese sensors are sensitive to electrostatic discharge ESD Use ESD precautionary procedures when handing or making mechanical or electrical connections to these devices in order to ovoid performance degradation or loss of functionality Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc Silicon Diodes 01 670 Silicon Diodes DT 670 Series Silicon Diodes offer better accuracy over wider temperature range than any previously marketed silicon diodes Conforming to the Curve DT 670 standard voltage versus temperature response curva sensors within the DT 670 series are interchangeable and for many applications do not require individual calibration DT 670 sensors in the 50 package are available in four tolerance bands three for general cryogenic use across the 1 4 K to 500 K temperature range and one that offers superior accuracy for applications from 30 K to room temperature DT 670 sensors also come in a seventh tolerance band Band E which are available only as bare die For applications requiring greater accuracy DT 670 5D diodes are available with calibration across the full 1 4 K to 500 K temperature range Tha bare die sensor the DT 670E provides the smallest physical size and fastest thermal response time of any silicon diode on the market today This 15 an important advantage for applications where size and thermal response time are critical including focal plane arrays and high temperature superconducting filters for cellular co
23. genic Receiver 4 Cryostat thermal and vacuum behavior Several tests have been performed to determine the cryostat thermal and vacuum behavior Cooling and pumping systems Cold head CTI 22 Compressor CTI 8200 220 V 50 Hz Vacuum system Rotary pump and turbomolecular pump Alcatel e Vacuum sensors MKS Pirani sensor pressure from atmospheric to 10 4 mbar and cold cathode pressure from 10 4 mbar to 10 8 mbar Measurement final results Intermediate stage temperature s 68 K Cold stage temperature s 18 K Vacuum 10 mbar cryogenic vacuum e Leakage rate 1 3 105 mbar l s 1 6 10 6 mbar s Cooling down time lt 12 Warming up time c 30 h or c 3 5 h with zeolites regeneration and heating resistors turned on O Higgins Cryostat Thermal Behavior 400 Cold Stage Interm Stage 350 300 250 2 2 200 a 150 100 50 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Time min Figure 27 Cooling test zeolites regeneration and heating resistors turned on to warm the cryostat 19 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver FIRST STAGE HEAT LOAD WATTS 7 SECOND STAGE HEAT LOAD WATTS 2 SECONO STAGE TEMP 60 55 70 15 80 90 95 100 10 FIRST STAGE TEMP X1 Figure 28 Intermediate stage load 74 6 W cold stage load 1 W Pressure mbar O Higgins Cryostat Vacuum
24. ggins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 3 Cryogenic system This receiver uses a Model 22 CTI Cryogenics Cold Head with the following characteristics Model 22 Cryodyne Refrigeration System 32 30 28 gt SECOND STAGE TEMP X The Model 22 is available in both single and two stage configurations to suit variety of applications that reguire a compact cryocooler The single stage M 22 is designed to provide up to 11 watts of heat lift at 77K for cooling of high temperature superconductors detectors and optical devices The two stage M 22 is designed to provide useable heat lift under 10K and up to 1 watt at 20K and 8 watts at 77K simultaneously Applications include spectroscopy low tempera ture thermometry amplifier cooling and Model 22 Two Stage Cryodyne Refrigerator Typical Performance 60Hz LASER frequency tuning Second Stage Temperature K Second Stage Heat Load watts 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 First Stage Temperature K Model 22 Single Stage Cryodyne Refrigerator Typical Performance 60Hz Applied Load watts 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100105 Temperature K 6 FIRST STAGE HEAT LOAD WATTS 2 SECOND STAGE HEAT LOAD WATTS 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 10 FIRST STAGE TEMP CK Figure 26 22C cryodyne cryocooler typical refrigeration capacity 50 Hz 17 Intentionally left in blank O Higgins S X Bands Cryo
25. ller temperature monitor system LNA bias module and RF module must be switched off Pumping Connect housekeeping cable to the Fischer connector at cryostat rear side C1 figure 5 Connect the vacuum controller to the vacuum sensor Quadmag Connect the vacuum valve to the corresponding vacuum flange the valve must be closed Switch on the vacuum controller The vacuum sensor will start the set up and a green led will light continuously when ready The vacuum controller will show atmospheric pressure Switch on the temperature monitor housekeeping cable has a DB25 connector for the Lakeshore connector input The temperature of the first 2 channels will be around room temperature Connect the vacuum system rotary pump and turbomolecular to the vacuum valve Start running the rotary pump for a few minutes Slowly open the valve The vacuum level will start to decrease During this procedure avoid any abrupt opening of the valve When the vacuum is about 10 1 mbar start turbomolecular operation Connect the regeneration resistor banana connector to a power supply Black GND Yellow 6 17 V 112 mA Connect the heating resistor banana connectors to a power supply Black GND a Red 25 7 V x498 mA Leave the system running in the above conditions for 12 hours Then the resistors can be turned off The vacuum system should be pumping at least for 12 more hours Connecting the helium compressor Warning Be
26. mmunication BO BR CO CU CY ET LR MT PACKAGING OPTIONS Typical DT 670 Diode Voltage Values voltage all 38 1118 P ds cM 152 m 230 400 a fin tewperztune adn 614 891 2244 fax 614 818 1600 DT 670 5D The Lake Shore 50 Package The Most Rugged Versatile Package in the Industry sapphire base mounting hermetic seal and brazed Kovar leads provides the industry s most rugged versatile sensors with the best sample to chip connection Designed 50 heat coming down the leads bypasses the chip it can sumive several thousand hours at 500 K depending on model and is compatible with most ultra high vacuum applications It can be soldered to samples without shift in sensor catibratio If desired the 50 package m p aval without Kover leads DT 621 HR Miniature Silicon Diode The DT 621 miniature silicon diode temperature sensor is configured for installation an flat surfaces The DT 621 sensor package exhibits precisa monotonic temperature response over its useful range The sensor chip is in direct contact with the epoxy dome which causes increased voltage below 20 K and prevents full range e Curve DT 670 conformity DT 521 HR Far use below 20 K calibration 1s required Typical DT 670 Diode Sensitivity Values 1 prit rea ee bn ee ee ILE 150
27. ogenic Receiver 2 6 Thermal waveguide transition For the X band signal input a thermal waveguide transition with a directional coupler have been designed built and measured at Yebes Observatory laboratories The transition optimization was carried out with the HFSS software and designed with Autocad The rectangular input waveguide undergoes to a high temperature gradient from the room temperature stage to the cold stage To avoid this sudden temperature change a thermal transition has been designed for the working frequency 8 9 GHz Figure 19 X band thermal transition and directional coupler The transition is made facing two rectangular waveguides one with a smooth flange cover type and the other one is choke type separated by a small gap The choke depth is 1 4 to cancel the parallel components of the electric field flowing through the gap avoiding losses and resonances at the working frequency Besides the thermal transition a directional coupler was designed This coupler is attached to the transition through a second gap With this design the thermal transition is double stage since there are two temperature stages from 300 K to 70 K and from 70K to 20 K The gaps are achieved by means of fiber glass pieces This material exhibits a very low thermal conductivity Furthermore a polystyrene IR filter has been placed within the guide to minimize the radiation load inside the guide 13 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic R
28. out 11 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 2 5 2 Housekeeping wiring At the room temperature stage 300 K there is a 16 pin Fischer connector placed for the cryostat internal monitoring signals heating resistors zeolites regeneration resistors temperature sensors and thermostats Cold stage temperature sensor Tc_ T s Cold stage temperature sensor Ti Ti Intermediate stage temperature sensor Intermediate stage temperature sensor Signal to activate the heaters Calef_on after passing through the thermostat Signal to activate the zeolites regeneration Regen_on resistor after passing through the thermostat Calef mon Thermostat verification heating resistors Regen mon Thermostat verification regeneration resistors Table 5 Housekeeping signals description A 5 meters lenght cable is supplied to connect the receiver with the different housekeeping signals At one end there is the 16 pin Fischer connector to be plugged to the receiver The other end contains the following elements A Yellow om s Gema RedQestpoim s Blakfestpoit Table 6 Housekeeping 5 m cable description DB25 connector to Lakeshore 218 system positions one and two DT 670 sensors Banana connectors power supply for the receiver heating resistors and zeolites regeneration resistor 12 O Higgins S X Bands Cry
29. pin Fischer Figure 15 16 pin Fischer connector view red point up connector view red point up O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver The DC wiring has been done using small section long cables to reduce the conduction load Next tables indicate the pin out association between connectors O Higgins S X receiver DC connections pin out Fischer Pin DB15 Pin Tc Ti Ti Calef on Regen on GND res Calef mon Regen mon free Um Table 2 Fischer Connector C1 16 pin housekeeping correspondence with the DB15 connector Gnd Vd1 Vg1 Vd2 Vg2 free TT rw Table 3 Fischer Connector C2 11 pin S band LNA correspondence with the DB9 connector Gnd Vd1 Vg1 Vd2 Vg2 Vd3 Vg3 Table 4 Fischer Connector C3 11 pin X band LNA correspondence with the DB9 connector 10 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver Figure 16 DC wiring room temperature stage 2 5 1 Low Noise Amplifiers biasing wiring Amplifier frequency range GHz Oso 22 27 22 237 Geodetic VLBI Next figures show the amplifier biasing connectors pin out IVS Frequencies GHz Purpose SIGNAL ITI Cannon MDM 9PH038B A17L2 FRONT VIEW CONNECT SIDE Figure 17 X band amplifier biasing connector pin out PIN SIGNAL IT MDM 9PHSB A174 FRONT VIEW WIRING SIDE Figure 18 S band amplifier biasing connector pin
30. sis Stimulus Utility Help Trace 3 Scale Per Division 0 030 dB H Tr 1 511 LogM 5 000dB 30 098 Tr 2 512 LogM 0 030dB 0 10dB 5 00 8 900 GH 9 87 dB E 8 000 0 15 dB 8 600 GH 2 42 a gt 2 8 500 0 11 dB 10 00 gt HE TS dB rj 2121 1110 _ __ 1 2 Stop 9 00000 GHz T 8000 582 188848 2 251648 Print Colors 3 gt Start 8 00000 GHz Stop 9 00000 GHz Cont CH1 2 Port X band hand formable cable thermal transition isolator
31. ule for the low noise amplifiers is supplied Figure 34 LNAs biasing module and 5 m cables for X and S band amplifiers The biasing module is already adjusted for the indicated S and X LNAs biasing points However the back cover of the biasing module can be removed for accessing to the biasing power supply cards the schematics of the cards are shown in figure 35 The card used for the S LNA allows the adjustment of two stages and the card for the X LNA three stages Va and la can be adjusted for each stage by means of the corresponding potentiometer Vaz 20 35mA Vaz 107 mA LNAs Biasing Module Consume Table 8 LNAs biasing cold temperature 15K The biasing values can be monitored through a DB25 female connector placed at the module front panel Read values could be slightly different to the real ones due to cable ohmic losses When adjusting only if necessary read the values directly through the pins in the card Low Noise Amplifiers biasing procedure Connect Fischer connectors to the corresponding connectors S and X on the dewar Connect DB9 connectors to the S and X inputs Connect a power supply to the 15 V and 15 V inputs Turn on power supply and verify electric current values 25 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver ih i 255 R24 108K R25 49K9 Soot O il R19 R TT o s D4 1N4148 0 e O
32. ults shows the receiver noise temperature without taking into account the losses due to the cables SMA connectors N N hermetic transition waveguide transition etc Figure 30 Receiver calibration 21 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver LNAs Noise Temperature measured at room temperature X Band Noise Temperature ADO Tnoise K 9 4 8 6 Frequency GHz S Band Noise Temperature Tnoise Em o o CO o EN o N 2 3 Frequency GHz Figure 31 Trx at room temperature LNAs at 297 K 22 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver LNAs Noise Temperature measured at cold temperature X Band Noise Temperature AAA 8 4 8 6 Frequency GHz S Band Noise Temperature 2 1 2 2 2 3 24 Frequency GHz Figure 32 Trx at cold temperature LNAs at 18 23 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver LNAs Gain and Coupling measured at cold temperature Freq Ghz Gain dB 37 Gain Coupling 8 4 8 6 Frequency GHz Gain Coupling 2 4 2 6 Frequency GHz Figure 33 Gain and coupling at cold temperature LNAs at 18 K 24 O Higgins S X Bands Cryogenic Receiver 6 Low Noise Amplifiers biasing module With the receiver a biasing mod
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