SPM9613 User`s Manual (WEB)
Contents
1. Page 21 The above Project Tabs have three functions 1 Allow the user to view what files are included in the project 2 Allow the user to add files previously defined with other projects or other SPM9613 user sessions 3 Allow the user to remove files from the project A list box will show all of the files currently defined in the project you ve opened If the user double clicks on the file shown in the list it will open the file and allow the data to be viewed or modified A control button Add User Defined To Project allows the user to place additional files into the project without creating them through the Create Menu The files may be from previously defined projects or previous SPM9613 user sessions where the files have not been assigned to a project The user can then reuse files he has previously created A dialog box is displayed that prompts the user to select the file to be added A control button Remove From Project allows the user to remove a file from the current project This can be accomplished by highlighting the file with the mouse then clicking on the Remove Button NOTE While the file will be removed from the project it WILL NOT BE DELETED It can later be added back to the project with the Add Button if necessary Observers Tab The above Observer Tabs have two functions 1 Allows the user to view what files are included in the project 2 Allow the user to add files previous2. The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data 4 7 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File Open Opens a file you have previously saved Save _ Saves the file you are working on SaveAs Saves the file as a different name Printer Font Sets the font data will be printed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Close Exits the entry form Page 2 Allows user to define the specific observers 13 to 24 Page 3 Allows user to define the specific observers 25 to 36 Page 4 Allows user to define the specific observers 37 to 48 Help _ Provides on line help 4 7 2 Observer Form Data Control Entry The data indicated on the Observer Data Control Definition Form are mandatory It includes x y and z coordinates of the receiver the ground elevation and hardness of the receiver and the middle ground hardness a description and an average observer height above the ground The box location near the observer must be checked for the observer to be included in the calculation SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 26 4 8 Results Form The results form is set up to allow the user to view the individual noise calculations at each x y z observer location This is accomplished by clicking on the arrow near the list box and highlighting the coordinate that you wish to view The data shown will be sorted by source maximum to minimum on A or C
3. e is the distance between the screens in the direction of the source and receiver accounting for the distance component parallel with the screen Kmet is the correction factor for meteorological influences defined as Kmet exp 1 2000 dss dsr d 2z forz gt 0 or Kmet 1 for other values of z or lateral diffraction dss perpendicular distance from source to plane of screen dsr perpendicular distance from plane of screen to receiver d ss distance from source to screen in the direction of the source and receiver accounting for the distance component parallel with the screen d sr distance screen to receiver in the direction of the source and receiver accounting for the distance component parallel with the screen SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 15 d distance source to receiver Z d ss d sr e d The value of z is given a negative value if the observer is in the bright zone of the screen In simplistic terms the Screen Attenuation is defined as the larger of either the Screen Attenuation alone or the Ground Attenuation Mathematically the screening term Ascreen is defined as follows For top edge attenuation due to the screen Ascesa Dz Aground If Ascreen lt 0 Accreen 1S Set equal to 0 For side edge attenuation due to the screen Agcreen Dz The Agrouna term will then cancel when it is added in the basic attenuation equation 3 12 Miscellaneous Attenuation For
4. weighted values as determined by the selection on the Project Control Panel The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data F SPM9613 Control Panel o gt Results X Ac File Edit Betum Project View Observer Location Ko Y 2 0 0 600 0 1 5 Number Obs i2 Cond 600 0 1 5 d Center Frequency Hertz 400 0 600 0 1 5 600 0 600 0 1 5 Total of Sour 800 0 600 0 1 5 Inlet Filter Turbine Enclosure linletDuct 4 8 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File Printer Font Sets the font data will be printed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Edit Allows the user to copy the output data into other applications This is accomplished by highlighting left mouse button items the user wishes to copy then selecting copy The data can then be pasted into other Windows applications Return Returns the user to the main Project Control Panel View Allows user to view data Contour Contour plot of data if project contour calculation was selected Sources Sound Spectra are shown in waterfall plots for the 10 highest ranked sources SPM9613 Users Manual 7 Power Acoustics Inc Page 27 4 8 2 Displayed Results All octave band sound pressure levels and A weighted and C weighted sound levels calculated to be less than
5. A is defined by multiplying the distance df by the following coefficients Octave Band Center Frequency Hertz 16 31 5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 0 0 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 08 0 09 0 12 If df is gt 200 meters it is limited to 200 meters for the purpose of calculating As The attenuation of the industrial sites Aj is defined by multiplying the distance di by the following coefficients Octave Band Center Frequency Hertz 16 31 5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 0 0 0 0 015 0 025 0 025 0 02 0 02 0 015 0 015 A is limited to a maximum of 10 dB Anise Aj Aft SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 16 3 13 Reflections Reflections from vertical surfaces are handled automatically as image sources when they are selected in the set up of barriers and in the project runtime file Only first reflections from any surface are considered The first reflection limitation of SPM9613 was done for the following reasons 1 Improved calculation speed If multiple reflections are to be calculated it must be accomplished by incrementing search rays within a grid system This can cause time concerns since the search rays need to be quite fine to converge at the receiver 2 Most outdoor noise sources are not in highly reflective environments Usually if the source or receiver is located near a building enclosure or wall it s reflection from that surface is the main concern These are mode
6. O dB are displayed as 0 dB As an example a value calculated to be 10 dB will appear on the display and printout as 0 dB The A weighted and C weighted sound levels however are calculated prior to the octave band sound pressure levels being set to the display limit of 0 dB 4 8 3 Contour Plots Within the Contour Plot the user can print the plot view and transport the data that made up the plot into other applications Selecting the data menu option will provide a listing of the data used to develop the plot It can be highlighted using the mouse and copied on to the clipboard by either using the edit menu option or by right clicking on the mouse and selecting the appropriate item SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 28 4 9 Example Of Project Samples Samples must be in the directory C SPM9613 for them to work correctly This will automatically be performed for you if you ve allowed the program to install itself in the default directory After installing the samples from the CD ROM to your C drive perform the following In the project control panel file go to File and Open Be sure you are in C SPM9613 If you ve correctly loaded the program to it s default directory the sample files will be showing you s53 66 econ1 prj line prj and pointe33 prj Highlight the econ1 prj file and double click or click on the open button It will show a list of files for the Project w
7. SPM9613 is a simple but multi step process 1 The SPM9613 software must first be installed on your computer This is accomplished by inserting the CDROM into your CD drive and executing the installation software setup exe You can either execute setup exe though the Windows Run mode or by double clicking on the setup exe file through your Windows file managing software It is suggested that the user allow setup exe to install SPM9613 in the default directory Installing to the default directory is necessary to allow the samples files to work correctly Instructions below are applicable to the Commercial Version only These are NOT applicable or necessary for successful installation of the Internet DEMO Version 1 The drivers for the hardware key must now be installed Enter the HASPDrvr directory file folder on the CDROM Find the setup exe file and execute it by double clicking on it 2 After successful installation of the drivers Power down your computer and all equipment attached to it 3 Disconnect the printer or other parallel port devices from your computer and attached the HASP hardware key to your parallel port Note The HASP key unlocks the software so that all of SPM9613 s available features can be used 4 Reconnect your hardware printer or other parallel port devices to the open end of the HASP key 5 Restart your computer SPM9613 is now ready to run The SPM9613 demo or commercial versions can be started thro
8. a description barrier or reflector type and reflection coefficients Reflection coefficients of 1 fully reflective are the default Other information such as leakage is not mandatory and will take on default values The default value for side edge leakage is sound is allowed to leak around the barrier s edge SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 24 4 5 Industrial Sites And Foliage Definition Form The industrial site and foliage entry form is set up to allow the user to define a attenuation from an industrial site or foliage He can enter this form by either clicking on the Create menu item on the Control Panel or by double clicking on a valid file shown in the appropriate List Box in the Project Tabs The form is broken down into data entry and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data 4 5 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File New Starts a new file or clears the existing screen Open Opens a file you have previously saved Save Saves the file you are working on SaveAs Saves the file as a different name Printer Font Sets the font data will be printed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Close _ Exits the entry form View Provides a plan view and elevation bar Help _ Provides on lin
9. direction defined by an origin point in the center of the source that passes through the mid point of the top side of the source The angles progress from 0 to 180 as the receiver moves toward the ground At 90 the receiver is at the same elevation as the center point of the source 180 3 8 Divergence The Divergence term Agiy is calculated as follows Aaiv 20Logi9 d 11 dB where d is the source to observer distance in meters 3 9 Atmospheric Absorption The atmospheric absorption term Aam is highly dependent on distance relative humidity and temperature and weakly dependent on pressure Aam is calculated using the procedures defined in ISO 9613 1 and will not be discussed in detail here The following table illustrates of the level of attenuation observed at a distance of 1000 meters 20 C and 70 humidity Octave Band Center Frequency Hertz 16 31 5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 1 2 8 5 0 9 0 22 9 76 6 SPM9613 Users Manual f Power Acoustics Inc Page 11 The above coefficients or coefficients as calculated by ISO 9613 1 are multiplied by the actual distance then divided by 1000 meters to obtain atmospheric attenuation at other distances While ISO 9613 1 suggests limiting the individual octave band s atmospheric attenuation to 15 dB the current ISO 9613 2 document does not suggest this limitation The 15 dB limit is NOT used in SPM9613 The following table illustrates of
10. from the obstacle to receiver E is the minimum length of the reflecting surface The calculation follows the following logic An image source is created from the real source The point of intersection with the reflector and the line connecting the image source to observer is found The sound is propagated from the real source to the point of intersection on the reflector accounting for barriers and other miscellaneous noise attenuation along the way The sound is then propagated from the point of reflection to the receiver again looking for barriers and other miscellaneous noise attenuation All attenuation effects follow that of the reflected source to observer path The directivity used is that in the direction of the intersection point with the obstacle 3 14 Meteorological Correction Cmeteo The Meteorological Correction Cmeteo is handled by a calculator to allow the user to estimate the long term average A weighted noise level LAT LT While not built in to the SPM9613 program as a feature to be calculated automatically for all observers it can easily be handled with the calculator provided in the menu bar in the main project form The value of Cmeteo can then be applied to the time averaged downwind A weighted sound level The values of Cmeteo are calculated as follows Cmeteo 0 for dp lt 10 hs hr Cmeteo Co 1 10 hs hr dp for dp gt 10 hs hr where hs and dp are based on the coordinates of the dominant source at th
11. satisfied The sound sources are defined as follows The user selects whether he wants a point source line source and three dimensional box source If the user selects a point source or a 3 D source he will be allowed to enter values corresponding to the four corners x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4 of the physical source and the upper and lower surface elevations Zupper Zlower Note The corner points must be entered in a clockwise rotation starting at x1 y1 to assure the directivity is treated correctly x2 y2 x3 y3 y y Zupper Zupper Zlower Zlower xl y1 x4 y4 Plan View Elevation View If the point source is selected a single point will represent the total source and be located at the average value of points x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4 and the average of the upper and lower elevations All of the sound power level will be concentrated at this point If the 3 D source is selected the user has the option of determining which sides or if all of the 6 sides should be included in the source representation The distribution of points for surface sources is determined as follows SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 8 The areas of each of the vertical walls is calculated by Sa gt z ias2 Zupper Zlower x2 x1 y2 y1 S253 ias3 Zupper Zlower x3 x2 y3 y2 S6 gt 4 ig gt 4 Zupper Zlower x4 x3 y4 y3 San igs Zupper Zlower x
12. the calculations will be 20 Megs of hard disk space CDROM Drive standard media distribution 1 44 Meg Floppy disks are availabe at an extra charge Video resolution 800x600 with small font video mode or 1024x768 with large font video mode While SPM9613 can support other graphics modes they will likely be unacceptable to most users 3 4 Coordinate System The coordinate system is define as follows Values of x and y correspond to locations in the horizontal plane The positive y axis rotates clockwise into positive x axis Positive z is above the horizontal plane ty Z out of paper For maximum flexibility the source directivity angles are handled independently of the coordinate system shown and are tied to the source X coordinates X See source directivity for further information y 3 5 Basic Equations The basic equation used in ISO 9613 2 to define the downwind sound at a receiver is Lp downwind LWpoint D A where LWpoint is the point source sound power level in dB re 1 picowatt D is the directivity indices in dB A is the attenuation of various effects defined by A Ad Aatm Aground Ascreen Amis Agiv is the attenuation due to geometrical divergence Aatm is the attenuation due to atmospheric absorption Aground iS the attenuation due to the ground effect Ascreen 1S the attenuation due to screening Amis is the attenuation due to miscellaneous effects propagation through industrial si
13. the level of atmospheric attenuation observed at a distance of 500 meters 20 C and 70 humidity Octave Band Center Frequency Hertz 16 31 5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 1 4 2 5 4 5 11 5 38 3 3 10 Ground Effects The ground effect assumes there is a source middle and receiver component which are frequency dependent The main parameters are the heights above the ground plane for the source hs and the receiver height hr a number defining the ground hardness quasi absorption coefficient Gs Gm or Gr and the ground plane distance dp The ISO 9613 standard assumes that the ground has a more or less constant slope between the source and the observer When the slope between the source and observer is other than zero the coordinate system must be transformed to define the projected distance and apparent height above the ground plane The determination of the transformed projected ground plane distance dp and the source and observer heights above the ground plane are defined as follows Three terms along the ground plane are defined x g xs xo ys yoy zgs zgo x s h s sin x 0 h o sin where xs ys the source x and y coordinates Zgs is the ground elevation at the source xo yo the observer x an y coordinates zgo is the ground elevation at the observer h s is the vertical source height above the ground h o is the vertical observer height above the g
14. the purposes of this document miscellaneous attenuation is defined as the attenuation from industrial sites and foliage The foliage and industrial site areas are defined with four points corners x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4 similar to those used to define the sound sources The four lines made by connecting points xl yl x2 y2 x2 y2 x3 y3 3 y3 x4 y4 and x4 y4 xl yl are first checked to see if any of them intersect the line connecting the source to receiver paths in the horizontal plane If the industrial site or foliage area is found to intersect the source to receiver line the elevation of the direct path at the area is calculated by taking small steps through the industrial site or foliage area in the horizontal plane determining the x and y coordinates then calculating the elevation of the sound ray at that point based on a curved path propagation with a radius equal to 5000 meters If the height of the foliage or industrial site is less than that of the curved path elevation no attenuation is provided If the height of the foliage or industrial site is greater than that of the curved path elevation the distance in the x y plane through the area is calculated and summed with that from the previous steps through the area The resulting total distance through all of the industrial site areas is defined as di while the total distance through all the foliage is defined as df The attenuation of the foliage
15. 1 x4 yl y4 For the upper and lower surfaces the average length of opposite sides is calculated by Ly Ya x2 x1 y2 y1 x4 x3 y4 y3 T Ly Ya x3 x2 y3 yD T x1 x4 yL y4y 7 The areas of each of the upper and lower surfaces is calculated by Sower I dower Li L S upper upper Li L2 66599 1 where the values of are either 0 or 1 indicating whether or not the side is included in the calculation 0 indicates the side is not included while 1 indicates the side is included It should be clear from the above procedure that not all 3 D source representations will be valid For example the source plan view cannot have any crossing lines lines making an X shape in the plan view Shapes should have nearly 90 degree corners in the plan view to assure the upper and lower surface areas are estimated with reasonable accuracy The total 3 D Area Sota is calculated by Sirota Sa gt 2 8253 5 354 S 4s1 S dower Scupper The power level of the side defined by points x1 y1 and x2 y2 is calculated by Lwas2 5 LWototal source 10Logio Sas2 Stota This equation is repeated substituting the area term for the other 5 sides For a 6 point distributed source a single point is placed at the average elevation of each surface and average xy position of the line in the plan view If the user elects not to include some of the sides the total number of points representing
16. SPM 9613 Users M anual f Power Acoustics Inc PMB302 12472 Lake Underhill Rd Orlando FL 32828 Phone 407 381 1439 Fax 407 382 5465 Page 2 Table of Contents Page Number 1 0 License Agreement 3 2 0 Installation 4 3 0 Technical Parameters 5 3 1 Basis 5 3 2 SPM9613 Features and Extensions 5 3 3 System Requirements 6 3 4 Coordinate System 6 3 5 Basic Equations 7 3 6 Source Definition 7 3 7 Source Directivity 9 3 8 Divergence 10 3 9 Atmospheric Absorption 10 3 10 Ground Effects 11 3 11 Screening 13 3 12 Miscellaneous Attenuation 15 3 13 Reflections 16 3 14 Meteorological Correction Cmeteo 17 4 0 Operation Parameters and Guidelines 4 1 Maximum Number of Sources Barriers etc 18 4 2 Control Panel 18 4 3 Sound Source Definition Form 22 4 4 Barrier Definition Form 23 4 5 Industrial Sites and Foliage Form 24 4 6 Contour Data Definition Form 25 4 7 User Defined Observer Points Definition Form 26 4 8 Results Form 27 4 9 Example of Project Samples 28 5 0 Support Policy and Upgrades 29 6 0 Software Protection Keys HASP Keys 29 7 0 Replacement Policy 29 SPM9613 Users Manual 7 Power Acoustics Inc Page 3 1 0 Commercial User License Agreement UNTIL YOU HAVE READ THIS LICENSING AGREEMENT Important This Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions that enable you to license this Software from POWER ACOUSTICS INC Do not open the envelope containing the CD or diskettes or install the Software until you have carefull
17. Sites The plan view will be representative of files sources barriers etc selected in the project as well as the Runtime Options selected If barriers and reflectors are shutoff in the Runtime Options they will not show up in the plan view representation regardless of whether files are included in the Barriers and Reflectors Tab This is also true with the Industrial Sites and Foliage Runtime Option Provides information about the company Provides information on Runtime Options Sound Sources Barriers and Reflectors Observers Industrial Sites and Foliage SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 20 4 2 2 File Tabs The available project File Tabs are as follows Runtime Options Sound Sources Barriers and Reflectors Industrial Sites and Foliage Observers By selecting a File Tab you will be able to see what options have been selected Runtime Options Tab or what files source files barriers etc have been included in the project Runtime Options Tab The Runtime Options include Line 3 D Source Options Observer Type Barrier and Reflector Options Ground Effect Limits Industrial Sites or Foliage Options Temperature and Relative Humidity Sorting Options and Project Description text Line 3 D Source Options allows the user to select the level of source resolution if the source has been defined as a line or three dimensional source The user can select 6 or 54 point representations For quicker but l
18. by a hardware key Without the key attached to your computer s parallel port the program will go into a demo mode The demo mode does not allow the user to save noise source files and limits the number of days SPM9613 can be used or number of runs to 30 A hardware driver must be installed to allow the HASP key to be recognized by your computer If you have not loaded the driver enter the HASPDrvr directory file folder on the SPM9613 CDROM Find the setup exe file and execute it by double clicking on it Provided the SPM9613 CDROM version not the internet version has been loaded on your computer installing the HASP key along with the necessary driver software will eliminate any access problems and provide full functionality of the SPM9613 program 7 0 Replacement Policy HASP Keys Damaged or inoperable HASP hardware keys must be returned to Power Acoustics Inc for replacement You must call Power Acoustics Inc before returning keys Lost or stolen keys or keys not received by Power Acoustics Inc in return shipment can be replaced at the full purchase price Keys returned within 30 days of purchase will be replaced free of charge Lost or stolen keys can be replaced at the full purchase price CDROM Damaged or inoperable CDROMs will be replaced for free within 30 days of purchase It is your responsibility to make a backup copy for your own use SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc
19. d in the plan view as rotating clockwise around the source Similarly x3 y3 must follow x2 y2 as viewed in the plan view as rotating clockwise around the source etc 4 4 Barrier Definition Form The barrier entry form is set up to allow the user to define a barrier or reflector He can enter this form by either clicking on the Create menu item on the Control Panel or by double clicking on a valid file shown in the appropriate List Box in the Project Tabs The form is broken down into data entry and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data 4 4 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File New Starts a new file or clears the existing screen Open Opens a file you have previously saved Save _ Saves the file you are working on SaveAs Saves the file as a different name Printer Font Sets the font data will be printed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Close _ Exits the entry form Leakage Allows the selection of sound leakage around a barriers vertical edge This is useful when two or more barriers adjoin View Provides a plan view and elevation bar Help _ Provides on line help 4 4 2 Barrier Data Entry The data indicated on the Barrier Reflector Definition Form are mandatory It includes coordinates
20. e help 4 5 2 Industrial Site and Foliage Data Entry The data indicated on the Industrial Site and Foliage Definition Form are mandatory It includes coordinates a description Industrial Site or Foliage indicator The coordinates defining the industrial sites or foliage can be irregular in shape However no lines defining the industrial site of foliage area must cross when viewed in the plan view 4 6 Contour Data Definition Form The contour data entry form is set up to allow the user to define a range of x y values he wishes to perform contour calculations on The program breaks down the grid to an 11x11 map and allows the user to put in information about the ground elevation and hardness He can enter this form by either clicking on the Define Observers menu item on the Control Panel or by double clicking on a valid file shown in the appropriate List Box in the Project Tabs The form is broken down into data entry and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data 4 6 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File Open Opens a file you have previously saved SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 25 Save Saves the file you are working on SaveAs Saves the file as a different name Printer Font Sets the font data will be print
21. e particular observer location hs hr and dp are defined in the Ground Effects section of this document The value of Co is based on the percentage of time over a period of several months or a year the sound may propagate favorably in the direction of an observer Co can be estimated from the local meteorological data If the conditions for sound propagation are found to be favorable 50 of the time a value of 3 dB would be used for Co If the conditions are found to be favorable 33 of the time a value of 4 8 dB would be used For more information reference ISO 9613 2 SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 18 4 0 Operational Parameters and Guidelines The pages that follow define the operational parameters of SPM9613 4 1 Maximum Number Of Sources Barriers Etc Sources 200 Barriers 200 Industrial Sites And Foliage 200 Observers Per Run 48 Contour Observers Per Run 121 4 2 Control Panel The control panel is set up to allow the user to define a project The user can add noise sources barriers and reflectors industrial sites and foliage effects and observers The control panel is broken down into File Tabs and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen like other Windows programs and file tabs allow the user to quickly see the sources barriers observers etc that he has included in the project F SPM9613 Control Panel New File Not Saved Project Descri
22. ed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Close Exits the entry form Ground Characteristics Allows user to define the ground type and elevation Set Ground Elevation Defines the elevation on the 11x11 grid points View Provides a 3 D view of the ground elevation Set Ground Hardness Defines the ground hardness on the 11x11 grid points View Provides a Contour view of the ground hardness 4 6 2 Contour Data Control Entry The data indicated on the Contour Data Control Definition Form are mandatory It includes minimum and maximum coordinates of the desired plotting range a description and an average observer height above the ground Default values for ground hardness are 0 hard ground and 0 meters ground elevation 4 7 User Defined Observer Points Definition Form The user defined observer locations data entry form is set up to allow the user to define individual x y and elevation values he wishes to perform specific point calculations on The form allows the user to add information about the ground elevation and hardness at the observer and at the middle ground area He can enter this form by either clicking on the Define Observers menu item on the Control Panel or by double clicking on a valid file shown in the appropriate List Box in the Project Tabs The form is broken down into data entry and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs
23. ess accurate calculations the 6 point representation should be selected Observer Type determines if a contour calculation will be run from a contour file or individual specific point observers from a user defined file Barrier and Reflection Options allows the user to turn barrier effects and reflector effects on or off This option will override the inclusion of barrier or reflector files Ground Effect Limits sets the limits on the amount of attenuation allowed by the Ground Effect Limits are relative to Hard Ground Industrial Sites and Foliage allows the user to turn on or off the industrial sites and foliage attenuation effects This option will override whether or not industrial site or foliage files have been included in the project Temperature and Relative Humidity allows the user to set the temperature in degrees C and relative humidity in percent This options will effect the calculation of atmospheric absorption and various other wavelength related phenomena Sorting Options allows the user to sort rank the source strength output by A weighted or C weighted levels This option also determines whether an A weighted or C weighted contour plot will be displayed if the contour option has been selected Project Description allows the user to add a text description of the project Sound Sources Tab Barriers and Reflectors Tab Industrial Sites and Foliage Tab SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc
24. hen you click on the Source Barrier Industrial Site and Foliage or Observer file tabs You can look at the project input by clicking on View while in the Project Control Panel form The equipment layout can be viewed as well as observers and contour observer points After viewing the project go to the Source Tab double click on stack exit You can View the coordinates and the spectrum While still in the Source Definition form click the directivity menu item and select Z axis You can view the directivity information Try doing similar things with the Barriers and Foliage Now click on the observers tab and double click on the contour File It will show you the coordinates you ve defined for the contour You can look at the ground elevation and hardness by clicking on Contour Ground Characteristics Now you can view the elevation surface plot or hardness Contour You can also view the observers file individually user selected observers by double clicking on it These are user selected data points not contour points A check mark indicates the calculation will include the Observer Removing the check mark will cause the calculation to bypass that specific data point 4 9 1 Running You can run the program by clicking on Run After you ve run your first calculation you can view it later the output is automatically saved from the last run You can view the composite source s
25. led adequately with the first reflections 3 After each reflection energy is lost and the distance between reflections becomes larger significantly reducing the secondary reflections strength NOTE Other important image sources from secondary reflections must be handled independently as separate noise sources These must be manually entered by the user Your failure to include important secondary reflections as separate manually entered noise sources can result in underestimating the sound levels Cylindrical objects are not part of the model nor are reflections from horizontal surfaces Horizontal surface reflections can however be implemented manually as separate sources defined by the user Examples of the reflections considered and not considered are shown below Si i Will Do All Single Image Sources ver Si Source S Will NOT Do Multiple Reflections Pei a o rce O Si The reflection is calculated by LWpointimage LWpoint 10Log 10 P where p is the reflection coefficient 1 absorption coeff SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 17 The obstacle is considered large enough to be a reflector when octave band center frequency f is greater than the relation shown below fo gt 2c Iminc0s B dso dox ds o do where c is the speed of sound in meters per second B is the angle of incidence dso is the distance from the source to the obstacle do r is the distance
26. long period of time a year for example due to a variety of environmental conditions Specifically ISO 9613 2 provides methods to allow users to address Geometrical Divergence of point sources Atmospheric Absorption ISO 9613 1 Ground Attenuation or reinforcement from soft or hard ground Attenuation from Screens Barriers Miscellaneous Attenuation from industrial sites and foliage Reflections Directivity of sources 3 2 SPM9613 Features and Extensions SPM9613 features and extensions include Automatic breakdown of large 3 dimensional or line sources into multiple point sources User ability to limit ground attenuation effects Octave band center Frequency range from 16 Hz to 8000 Hz Computation of C weighted sound levels Automatic sorting highest to lowest of spectra on A or C weighting Contour plotting of A or C weighted sound levels Plan views of equipment barriers foliage or industrial sites and observers Source Sound Power Level Spectrum plots and directivity plots both vertical and horizontal 3 D Ground Elevation plots Ground Hardness contours Sound Source waterfall plots at each observer location Multiple screens barriers First reflections based on image sources SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 6 3 3 System Requirements The minimum system requirements are 80486DX or Pentium computer running Windows 3 1 95 98 or NT Microsoft compatible mouse 8 Megs of RAM the more RAM the faster
27. ly defined with other projects or other SPM9613 user sessions A list box will show the contour file or observer file currently defined in the project you ve opened If the user double clicks on the file shown in the list it will open the file and allow the data to be viewed or modified A control button Add User Defined Contour File or Observer File To Project allows the user to add or replace the file contour or observer file into the project without creating them through the Create Menu The files may be from previously defined projects or previous SPM9613 user sessions where the files have not been assigned to a project The user can then reuse files he has previously created A dialog box is displayed that prompts the user to select the file to be added It should be noted that only one contour and one observer file is allowed If the user asks to add a new file he will be prompted to replace the existing project file Replacing the existing project file will remove the file from the current project but it WILL NOT BE DELETED It can be added back later by selecting the Add User Defined Contour File or Observer File To Project Control Button Whether the Contour file or the Observer file is used in the calculation is determined in the Runtime Options Tab SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 22 4 3 Sound Source Definition Form The sound source entry form is set up to allow the user to define a sound s
28. m It is handled by allowing the user to input indices in decibels at 10 degree increments to be added to the sound power level The source directivity is tied to the coordinates defining the 3 dimensional shape of the source Because the directivity is tied to the source coordinates the directivity information can only be input for point and 3 dimensional sources If the user selects a point source or a 3 D source he will be allowed to enter values corresponding to the four corners x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4 of the physical source and the upper and lower surface elevations Zupper Zlower Note The corner points must be entered in a clockwise rotation starting at xl y1 to assure the directivity is treated correctly See figure on directivity in the horizontal plane below The points defining the line sources are assumed to be omnidirectional If the line source cannot be properly represented by a series of omnidirectional points the user must define individual point sources to represent the line In the horizontal direction 0 is referenced as the direction defined by an origin point in the center of the source that passes through the mid point of the side defined by xl y1 x2 y2 The angles progress from 0 to 360 as the receiver moves clockwise around the source SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 10 x2 y2 x3 y3 xl y1 x4 y4 In the vertical direction 0 is referenced as the
29. n which would presumably double account for the Meteorological effects Receiver d sr d ss Source Elevation View of Screen Barrier Plan View of Screen Barrier The horizontal dimension of the screen perpendicular to the line connecting the source to receiver must be greater than one wavelength of the center frequency of interest to be considered a screen as well as the SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 14 barrier s height must be greater than 1 wavelength The wavelength height limit is necessary to eliminate attenuation of sources in the bright zone from short screens ISO 9613 2 warns that for large distances and high barriers the insertion loss calculated has not been sufficiently confirmed by measurements Single screens include multiple paths for sound propagation The following propagation paths are considered around each of the vertical sides unless overridden in the barrier definition and over the top of the barrier The path attenuation is summed and the final attenuation determined The maximum attenuation allowed by a single screen is 20 dB Whether or not propagation around a side can occur is a user input This is useful when defining multiple connecting barriers Multiple screens assume the attenuation around the barrier is adequate and estimate only the path over the top of the barrier All combinations of screens existing between the source and observer are computed first singularl
30. our points are selected Gm is determined by finding the mid point between the source and receiver The ground value corresponding to the grid point closest to this mid point is the value used in the calculation When user defined observers individually defined observers are selected the mid ground hardness is input ISO 9613 2 provides no guidance on limiting the attenuation of the ground effect However Noise and Vibration Control Engineering by Beranek and Ver shows the Practical Limit to be about 20 dB relative to hard ground and a Conservative Limit of 10 dB relative to hard ground SPM9613 allows the user to select either the practical or conservative limit 3 11 Screening Barriers Screening is calculated for single or multiple screens The screens are first checked to see if they intersect the line connecting the source to receiver paths in the horizontal plane If the screen is found to intersect this line the elevation of the direct path at the screen intersection is calculated based on straight line line of sight propagation If the screen blocks the line of sight the observer is in the shadow zone if the observer can be seen when viewed from the source the observer is in the bright zone Meteorological effects from downwind propagation are handled within the screening attenuation equation The screen s attenuation is NOT further reduced by assuming a 5000 meter radius curved path propagatio
31. ource He can enter this form by either clicking on the Create menu item on the Control Panel or by double clicking on a valid file shown in the appropriate List Box in the Project Tabs The form is broken down into data entry and Menu Options The menu options are located on the top of the screen in a similar fashion to other Windows programs The Menu Options generally provide other means to view or enter more data 4 3 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File New Starts a new file or clears the existing screen Open Opens a file you have previously saved Save Saves the file you are working on SaveAs Saves the file as a different name Printer Font Sets the font data will be printed in Print Prints a summary of the data input Close Exits the entry form Directivity Selects the form for directivity data entry In xy Plane in the xy plane Z axis about the z axis Data are input in 10 degree increments from 0 to 350 degrees in the xy plane and 0 to 180 degrees about the z axis A Directivity sub menu allows the directivity data to be viewed Angle references can be found in the Technical Section Sides Selects the side of a three dimensional source to be included in the representation of the 3 dimensional source Six sides can exist on a 3 D sound source four sides and upper lower surfaces A check mark next to the side will indicate the side is not included This i
32. pectra for each observer or the contour plot The observer that you view can be selected by the drop down list box showing the coordinates of the observer If you ve run a contour calculation you can view the contour plot The contour data can be found in the file item marked data The data can be copied into other applications or contouring programs 4 9 2 Plot Screen Resolution In some cases the text resolution of the various three dimensional plots shown on your computer s monitor may not be readable The printed versions of the plots however will be significantly improved On high resolution printers the plots will be presentation quality SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 29 5 0 Support Policy and Upgrades To provide SPM9613 on a cost effective basis free support is limited to 30 minutes for each licensed copy This should adequately allow you to get the program operational on your PC Additional support will be billed at the consultant s standard hourly rate Bugs found by the user that are well documented with hand calculations and or systematic running of the program will be supported free of charge and corrected at the soonest possible time User s of SPM9613 Version 1 are entitled to free upgrades to Version from the internet site Details of downloading upgrades will be provided upon purchase of software 6 0 Software Protection Keys HASP keys Runtime operation of SPM9613 is protected
33. ption can be typed here SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 19 4 2 1 Menu Options The menu options and sub menu options perform the following File Project New Starts a new project file or clears the existing project screen Open Opens a project you have previously saved Save Saves the project you are working on SaveAs Saves the project as a different name Exit Terminates the program Create Run Noise Sources Enters the Source input form to create new noise sources Barriers Enters the Barrier Reflector input form to create new barriers or reflectors Industrial Sites and Foliage Enters the Industrial Site Foliage form to create input data Calculate Begins the calculation number crunching Review Previous Calculation Reviews the output of your last calculation Terminate Program Terminates the program Define Observers Cmeteo View About Help Contour Enters the input form to create a contour plot information ranges elevations ground hardness etc User Defined Points Enters the input form to create individual observer points x y z etc Provides the user with a calculator to estimate long term environmental effects View will allow the user to see plan views of the following Sources and Barriers and Reflectors Observers Sources and Barriers and Reflectors Foliage and Industrial Sites Contour Points Sources and Barriers and Reflectors Foliage and Industrial
34. r any of POWER ACOUSTICS INC s representatives or supplier s have been advised of the possibility of such damages POWER ACOUSTICS INC s total liability to you for actual damages resulting from any cause whatsoever will be limited to the amount paid by you for this Software Miscellaneous This Agreement sets forth POWER ACOUSTICS INC s entire liability and your exclusive remedy with respect to the Software You acknowledge that this Agreement is a complete statement of the agreement between you and POWER ACOUSTICS INC and that there are no other prior representations promises or descriptions regarding the Software Any changes to this Agreement must be in writing from POWER ACOUSTICS INC This Agreement does not limit any rights that POWER ACOUSTICS INC may have under trade secret copyright patent or other laws The employees and distributors of POWER ACOUSTICS INC s software are not authorized to make modifications to this Agreement or to make any additional representations commitments or warranties binding on POWER ACOUSTICS INC Accordingly such additional statements are not binding on POWER ACOUSTICS INC and should not be relied upon If any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable under applicable law then it is to that extent deemed omitted and the remaining provisions will continue in full force and effect SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 4 2 0 Installation Installation of
35. round sin zgo zgs x g SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 12 The transformed ground plane distance dp and transformed heights above the ground plane hs amp hr are defined below dp x g x s X O hs h s cos 0 ho h o cos 0 Observer Source h s fxs ys zgs The formulas for the ground effect are Octave Band Source or Receiver Mid Ground Center Frequency Attenuation Attenuation Hertz As Or A Am 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 Gs or Gr a h 1 5 Gs or Gr b h 1 5 Gs or Gr c h 1 5 Gs or Gr d h 1 5 1 Gs or Gr 1 5 1 Gs or Gr 1 5 1 Gs or Gr where a h 1 5 3 0 exp 0 12 h 5 2 p 5 7exp 0 09h2 1 exp 2 8 10 dp b h 1 5 8 6 exp 0 09 h p c h 1 5 14 0 exp 0 46 h p d h 1 5 5 0 exp 0 9 h p p l exp dp 50 dp ground plane distance from source to receiver q 0 for dp lt 30 hr hs or q 1 30 hr hs dp when dp gt 30 hr hs Generically the value G is defined as the ground hardness indicator or absorption coefficient 0 for hard ground 1 for very soft ground Values should be input between 0 and 1 for mixed ground SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 13 Specifically Gs is the ground hardness at the source Gm is the ground hardness at the middle ground Gr is the ground hardness at the receiver Aground As Am A When cont
36. s of purchase and a replacement will be mailed to you Disclaimer of Warranties The limitations provided below are the fundamental elements of the licensing arrangement between you and POWER ACOUSTICS INC POWER ACOUSTICS INC could not provide this product economically without such limitations Except as noted by the Limited Warranty this Software is provided as is POWER ACOUSTICS INC and or any of it s suppliers disclaim all other warranties implied or express regarding the Software and related materials including fitness for a particular purpose or quality User s of this Software agree they have the appropriate background in the field of acoustics and noise control as well as detailed knowledge of the subject matter from which this Software is based The user assumes all liability for any use or misuse of this Software In any case the entire liability of POWER ACOUSTICS INC for any reason shall be limited to the amount paid by the customer for the Software purchased from POWER ACOUSTICS INC or it s authorized suppliers POWER ACOUSTICS INC does not warrant that the Software is free from bugs errors or other program limitations POWER ACOUSTICS INC and its distributors or suppliers are not liable for any indirect incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use of this Software whether based on negligence breach of contract breach of warranty product liability or otherwise even if POWER ACOUSTICS INC o
37. s useful when modeling stretches of connecting ducting or single planar surfaces Ground Selects the form for ground elevation and ground hardness data entry Help _ Provides on line help View Provides a plan view and elevation bar 4 3 2 Sound Source Data Entry The data indicated on the Sound Source Definition Form are mandatory It includes Sound Power Level information source coordinates a source description and the type of source line 3 D or point Other information such as directivity side or ground information are not mandatory and will take on default values The directivity defaults to omni directional The side information defaults to all sides included The Ground Elevation and Ground Hardness defaults to an elevation of zero and hard ground 0 The x y and z information is required for four corners for both point sources and 3 D sources Although a point source is not 3 dimensional this information is necessary for plan view viewing purposes and SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 23 for directivity reference points If line sources are selected only the x1 y1 x2 y2 and zlower points will allow data input Line sources are assumed to be omni directional See the Technical Section for source definition information Each of the four corner points must be entered in a clockwise direction for the directivity information to be handled correctly x2 y2 must follow x1 y1 as viewe
38. tes or foliage SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 7 The following defines the details of how each of the above terms are handled in SPM9613 3 6 Sound Source Definition ISO 9613 2 requires that all sound sources must be defined as point sources For large sound sources that are closer to the receiver than twice the diameter of the relevant area of sources or when the source is partially blocked by a barrier the standard says the source must be broken down into several points SPM9613 can at the users discretion allow the large three dimensional source or line source to be automatically broken down into 6 or 54 individual point sources The user can then quickly define the source without the tedious task and associated interpretation difficulty of results from many points representing a small portion of the same physical source Barriers reflectors and all propagation path information is treated independently for each of the sub sources NOTE It should be noted that while the 6 or 54 point distributed sources improve the source representations relative to a single point source 6 or 54 points may still not be adequate to define receiver positions close to the source The user must verify that meeting the minimum distance requirement of the ISO9613 standard is achieved If the minimum distance requirement is not the user should further break down sources into smaller sub sources until the minimum distance requirement is
39. the source will be less than 6 As an example the sound power defined at the center point on the side defined by points x1 y1 and x2 y2 is LWpoint Lwas2 Where Lwpoint is term sound power level term in the basic equation Each of the 6 sides is handled in a similar fashion For a 54 point approximation a grid of 9 evenly spaced points 3 rows of 3 columns are placed on each side The grid of points are spaced at 1 6 1 2 and 5 6 the length or height from the edge of the side If the user elects not to include some of the sides the total number of points representing the source will be less than 54 SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 9 As an example the sound power defined at each of the nine 9 points on the side defined by points x1 y1 and x2 y2 is LWpoint LWa gt 2 10Log 0 1 9 A xt y4 Ix2 y2 ixl yl If the user selects a line source he will be allowed to enter values corresponding to the line defined by x1 y1 x2 y2 and elevation Zlower Either 6 or 54 points depending on the run time selection will be evenly spaced along the line Two of the points will include the x1 y1 and x2 y2 positions The sound power level of each point on the line will be LWpoint LWootal source 10Logjo 1 6 e e__ __e__ __ xl y1 x2 y2 or LWpoint LWootal source 10Logi0 1 54 3 7 Source Directivity The directivity indices D is a frequency and direction dependent ter
40. ugh the icon in your program manager or by going to SPM9613 exe and double clicking on it SPM9613 exe can be found on your hard drive in C SPM9613 SPM9613 exe if you let the setup program install SPM9613 in the default directory SPM9613 Users Manual Power Acoustics Inc Page 5 3 0 Technical Parameters 3 1 Basis SPM9613 is based on ISO standards 9613 Parts 1 1993 and 2 1996 Extensions have been added to make the program user friendly Because the standard does not address the details of some issues interpretation and judgment have been used All interpretations used are explained in the user s manual User s are encouraged to purchase and read the above standards to fully understand the various limitations of the standards ISO 9613 1 1993 E specifically addresses atmospheric attenuation while ISO 9613 2 1996 E specifies an engineering method for calculating environmental noise from a variety of noise sources by prescribing methods to determine the various attenuation effects observed during outdoor sound propagation ISO 9613 2 assumes the user wishes to evaluate outdoor noise propagation during meteorological conditions favorable to sound propagation downwind propagation with velocities between 1 and 5 m s when measured 3 to 11 m above the ground The standard does not provide a means for evaluating sound emission under non favorable conditions but does provide guidance for estimating long term average sounds levels over a
41. y then in pairs When computed in pairs the barrier combination providing the largest attenuation is used in the screening attenuation term To be considered a double screen the line of sight must be broken by the second screen of the pair when the observer is viewed from the top of the screen closest to the source If the distance between the first screen and second screen is less than one wave length of the center frequency of interest the maximum attenuation of that octave band is set to 20 dB If the distance between the first screen and second screen is greater than or equal to one wave length the maximum attenuation allowed by the double screen is 25 dB If one screen is significantly taller than all other screens all other barriers may be in bright zone when viewed from the top of the tallest barrier In this case the attenuation of the single screen may be used as the largest attenuation However because the single screen is limited to a maximum of 20 dB SPM9613 will then look for any other pair of screens between the source and receiver that would provide higher attenuation up to the maximum double screen limit of 25 dB The screening attenuation D is calculated with the following equations D 10 logio 3 20 A C3 z Kmet in dB where is the wavelength of the sound Z is the difference between the direct and refracted path lengths C3 1 5A e 1 3 5A e for multiple screens or 1 for single screens
42. y read the following Agreement Opening or installing the Software indicates that you have read and understand this Agreement and accept its terms and conditions If you do not agree with this Agreement promptly mail the Software and accompanying items to the place of purchase within 30 days of purchase for a full refund less shipping and handling License and Restrictions You are granted a personal non exclusive license to use one copy of the enclosed Software on a single computer and a single terminal You may make one backup copy of the Software for your own use You may not legally make unlimited copies give copies to another person or duplicate the Software by any other means including electronic transmission The Software is in its entirety protected by copyright laws You may not reverse engineer disassemble decompile or otherwise reduce the Software to any humanly perceivable form which could reveal algorithms used to create this Software Such algorithms contain trade secrets that are the exclusive property of POWER ACOUSTICS INC You may not modify adapt translate or create derivative works based upon the Software or any part thereof You may not distribute sublicense rent assign loan resell for profit or network the Software or related materials Limited Warranty If the CD diskettes or hardware key if applicable are defective then return the defective portion to POWER ACOUSTICS INC at the address listed within 30 day
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