WCM 19-17 July 12, 2012 - Integrated Pest and Crop Management
Contents
1. dry matter is accumulating and yield and quality of the forage is improving Green barren stalks will contain 75 90 water If weather remains hot and dry moisture content drops but if rain occurs before plants lose green color plants can remain green until frost Drought stressed corn has increased sugar content higher crude protein higher crude fiber and more digestible fiber than normal corn silage Drought generally reduces yield and grain content resulting in increased fiber content but this is often accompanied by lower lignin production that increases fiber digestibility Getting Additional Forage this Fall Dan Undersander Forage Agronomist Shawn Conley Soybean and Wheat Extension Specialist Some farmers need additional forage and want to plant a second crop following wheat or corn taken early for silage due to drought As of July 15 the best option is to wait until after August 1 and then consider planting oats with or without peas While corn may yield as well as any other crop it is more expensive to plant and will need a frost to dry down the forage sufficiently for ensiling Sorghum sudangrass sudangrass and millet require 80 degree or higher temperatures for significant growth Hot as it may seem now those temperatures are not likely to occur on a daily basis after Sept 1 So little fall growth will occur and yield will be low Oats planted the first week of August can be expected to produce 2 5 to 3 t2. n Crop Diagnostic Training Center 2012 ic Troubleshooting Workshops Agronomy Soils Field Day The Agronomy Soils Field Day will be held on August 29 at the Arlington Ag Research Station Click here or scroll down to the bottom of this newsletter to view the flyer for this event Two New NPM Apps for Android Smartphones The University of Wisconsin Nutrient and Pest Management Program has just released two apps for users of Android smartphones These apps which were introduced last year for University of Wisconsin Crop Manager July 12 2012 iPhone and iPad are now available at the Google market for free installation by following the links or scanning the QR codes below You may also read about the apps on the IPCM website at http ipcm wisc edu apps N Price Calculator Have you ever needed to compare the price of various forms of nitrogen fertilizer products in terms of their price per pound of nitrogen This app converts the price of each fertilizer product from price per ton to price per pound of nitrogen allowing for apples to apples comparisons https play google com store apps details id ipcm calc nprice Corn N Fertilizer Rate Calculator Have you ever needed to know the N rate for corn that will maximize return on investment but didn t have access to the A2809 Nutrient application guidelines in field vegetable and fruit crops in Wisconsin book https play google com store a
3. Silva LUNCHEON SPEAKER 12 00 pm An Update from CALS Dr Kathryn VandenBosch Dean College of Agricultural and Life Sciences The Arlington Research Station is located on Hwy 51 about 5 miles south of Arlington and 15 miles north of Madison Watch for Field Day signs For more information contact the Dept of Agronomy 608 262 1390 or the Dept of Soil Science 608 262 0485 In the event of rain presentations will be held inside Sponsored by the UW Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and the UW Extension gt Certified Crop Advisors 4 5 CEU credits requested lt
4. principles explained above apply to these farmers even if they do not have formal forward contracts Farmers who do not have RP if they think prices will be higher than current prices when they will need the grain should consider buying a forward contract to receive delivery of grain However farmers with RP can use indemnities paid in December calculated at existing market prices to buy grain and store it for their livestock needs Final Thoughts The drought will likely have significant price impacts but farmers with a marketing plan do not need to panic A good marketing plan allows for flexibility and as in any year adjustments to the marketing plan should be considered This year illustrates the need for flexibility and the usefulness of crop insurance for managing marketing risk For More Information Contact the authors for more detailed questions Also see the UW Extension FYI Drought 2012 web page for a wide variety of information on the drought http fyi uwex edu drought2012 Drought and Crop Insurance Patience Please Paul D Mitchell Agricultural and Applied Economics UW Madison Extension The year began with plentiful moisture and high hopes as Wisconsin planted 4 35 million corn acres and 1 69 million soybean acres a Wisconsin record for both The drought and 61 high temperatures in Wisconsin and other states are getting national attention as the weather pattern across the Midwest continues Timely
5. rains can still allow many acres to produce some yield patience over the next few weeks will clarify just how Wisconsin crop yields will turn out Most of these corn and soybean acres are insured in Wisconsin Acreage reports are not due until July 15 so data for 2012 are not yet compiled but in 2011 69 of corn acres and 74 of soybean acres were insured with even more acres likely insured in 2012 This bulletin is a quick summary of things to remember for farmers who bought crop insurance for their corn and or soybeans as many farmers are concerned that they already have crop losses in 2012 and many farmers are still relatively new to crop insurance Call Your Agent Insured farmers should communicate with their crop insurance agents during this time of drought Drought is not a single event so the 72 hour notice of loss requirement does not apply as for hail and similar losses However farmers who think they have yield losses that will trigger payments should call their agents and let them know Agents will likely start an official notice of loss which means that eventually an adjustor will come to the farm but at this time most growers will likely receive instructions by telephone on how to proceed You will likely be required to leave a sample of the crop in the field of a specific size for the adjustor to inspect later A loss adjuster will eventually visit the damaged crop to take samples and may ask for more information
6. a dry matter in an average year Other small grains will generally produce about half as much since they do not put out a stem Adding 20 lb a peas to the oats will increase palatability but will not affect yield Coblentz USDA Dairy Forage Research Center found that a late maturing forage cultivar ForagePlus produced maximum annual yields ranging from 2 to 3 5 t DM a Because the forage cultivar matured slowly it was better able to respond to sometimes erratic late summer precipitation These types mature later and produce more tonnage of quality forage If seed of a forage type is not available plant a late maturing oat variety After the first week of August use of a forage type oat will provide less advantage and grain type cultivars often may be better management choices The fall planted oat is higher in forage quality than spring planted oats Research at the University of Wisconsin by Albrecht found that maturation of summer sown August oats was delayed resulting in 10 to 15 less neutral detergent fiber NDF 18 greater digestibility and 250 more water soluble carbohydrate than spring sown oat The recommendation would be to plant 1 5 to 2 bu oats acre with or without peas Soil test to determine if sufficient residual nitrogen remains for the oat crop following the drought reduced corn crop If not fertilize with 60 to 70 Ib nitrogen per acre at planting It is also important to check for any herbicide plant back restric
7. acity and pressure Sprinkler nozzles are sized for a specific design flow rate and pressure in order to achieve uniform distribution of water and therefore must be matched to the proper size pumping system The sprinkler nozzle must extend above the crop canopy for proper coverage Moveable pipe irrigation must be set up with the lateral pipe and sprinkle spacing it was designed for to get uniform coverage Typical spacing is 30 40 or 60 feet between lateral pipes A traveling gun systems reduces the amount of labor required and can cover an area of 50 to 300 foot wide and a length of up to 1700 feet depending on the system size water system pressure and capacity per set Water system requirements range from 5 to 700 gallons per minute at a pressure of 50 to 70 psi up to 160 psi The higher the water system pressure the greater the width of the coverage area Sprinkle systems are best when using surface water sources or effluent or water with high amounts of dissolved minerals Drip Irrigation One of the disadvantages of sprinkle irrigation is the amount of water that doesn t get fully utilized by the crop either because it is placed too far from the crop s roots or losses due to evaporation or leaching Drip irrigation places water at the roots and eliminates much of the evaporation thus reducing the water volume by 30 to 50 It also reduces weed control costs because no water is applied between rows and uses low water pressure usuall
8. alculated using a price of 5 68 bu this spring but the final guarantee will be calculated using the average during November of the December corn futures contract on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange CME For soybeans guarantees were determined using a price of 12 55 bu this spring but the final guarantee will be determined using the October average of the November soybean contract on the CME The main point is that with RP a farmer will either have the grain at harvest time if yield losses are not too large or the money to buy grain at harvest time prices if yield losses trigger insurance indemnities to fulfill contracts with delivery requirements at harvest Insured farmers that have contacts with later delivery dates and have yield losses can use RP indemnities to buy grain in December and store it until delivery Yield Protection Yield Protection YP is another popular crop insurance policy in Wisconsin YP only pays indemnities if a farmer s harvested yield is less than the chosen yield guarantee regardless of the price at harvest For farmers with YP corn yield losses will be paid using a price of 5 68 bu and soybean losses with a price of 12 55 bu no matter what the price is at harvest If current market prices continue farmers with YP who have forward contracts and expect a yield shortfall will likely have to buy grain at higher prices than will be paid by their insurance These farmers may want to buy futures contrac
9. corn rootworm beetles emerge before silking they feed on the green tissue of the corn leaf surface in fields where they emerged This results in leaves with green tissue scraped away Rootworm beetles prefer silks and corn pollen as a food source Corn growth stage in a particular field in relation to surrounding fields will influence how attractive a field is to corn rootworm beetles Check cornfields before 70 of the field has silked and count the number of beetles per plant on 10 random plants from five areas of the field Record the level of silk clipping in inches from the tip of the fresh silk to the husk Treatment with a foliar insecticide is warranted when the following conditions occur e 5 or more adults per plant e Pollination has not yet occurred or is less than 50 complete and e Silks are clipped to inch or less Joe Lauer UW Madison Corn Agronomist has posted several new articles containing drought management information for corn growers including Corn Management Decisions During Drought Depend Upon Pollination Success which explains how to determine if an ear has been pollinated It is important to scout cornfields now for corn rootworm beetles and silk clipping Conferring with Joe Lauer this morning about corn pollination and drought stress we agree this is a critical period July 10 to August 1 to protect silks in the event that rain arrives in time After pollination there is no risk or n
10. d If most fields on a farm or in a local area VEGETABLES P ollinate around the same time neutral fields this sae HE CA lessens the chance of mass movement by beetles into Injury cornfields For additional information on plant diseases and their control visit the PDDC website at pddc wisc edu BEBE ee 63 lt AGRONOMY SOILS FIELD DAY Tours and Exhibits of Current Crops and Soils Research Wednesday August 29 2012 Arlington Agricultural Research Station Tours depart from the Public Events Facility at 8 30am 10 30am and 1 00pm gt Lunch available for 5 lt Tour A Corn Soybean Wheat at 8 30 and 10 30am Tour B Forages at 8 30 and 10 30 am e Rotation and management impact on Fusarium e Benefits and costs of Roundup Ready alfalfa species establishment systems David Marburger amp Shawn Conley Mark Renz Current research for finding and mitigating The status of new races of Aphanomyces root rot glyphosate resistance in Wisconsin corn and soybean alfalfa Vince Davis Doug Rouse Maximizing corn yield Managing alfalfa in drought Joe Lauer Dan Undersander When are nematodes a problem for corn Ann MacGuidwin Tour C Soils at 10 30 am and 1 00 pm Soil compaction Issues and prevention Francisco Arriaga Nitrogen management after a drought Carrie Laboski Cover crops rooting depth and soil building Matt Ruark Implementing no till through the use of cover crops Erin
11. eed to treat for corn rootworm beetles References Hammond R B A Michel and J B Eisley 2009 Corn Rootworm Management The Ohio State University Publication FC ENT 0016 09 http ohioline osu edu ent fact pdf 0016 pdf IPM Field Crop Scouting Manual 2010 Integrated Pest Management Program University of Wisconsin Extension Cooperative Extension Service http Apcm wisc edu download pubsPM IPM Scouting Manual 2010a pdf Wright R J and L Meinke 1999 Managing Corn Rootworm Adults University of Nebraska Corn Rootworm Guide http entomology unl edu pmguides crwadult shtml Plant Disease Diagnostic Clinic PDDC Brian Hudelson Ann Joy Amanda Zimmerman Adam Greene Andrew Pape Plant Disease Diagnostics Clinic The PDDC receives samples of many plant samples from around the state The following diseases disorders have been identified at the PDDC from June 29 through July 5 2012 FIELD CROPS Entomologists talk about a donor field a receiver oe sies Mone i Iowa Sauk field or a neutral field These terms relate to the i aerial oe ene ai ere ms ae r Root Rot Pythium sp Fusarium sp Juneau timing of pollination A field that pollinates later than FRUITS surrounding cornfields will be attractive to beetles Grape GrowthRegulatorHerbicide None Columbia receiver field from fields that have finished pollination Pecan EER Valsa sp Dane donor fiel
12. g for alternatives to supply crops with water Governor Walker has issued a drought emergency declaration for 42 counties in southern Wisconsin which allows growers to pump from state surface waters with a temporary permit from the DNR See link to news release in resource list below The question is what would it take to irrigate an acre or more of crops There are four things that are needed to irrigate water supply method to transport the water to the field method to distribute the water to the crops and it has to be economical Water The water source quantity and quality are all important Irrigation water can come from a well surface source or be food plant or manure effluent The water quality affects the type of irrigation distribution system that can be used and sometimes the amount of water that can be applied The limiting factor in most cases for emergency irrigation is the quantity of water required to have a positive outcome To apply a one inch depth of water to an acre of land requires 27 154 gallons acre inch The water requirement of crops evapotranspiration ET in recent weeks has averaged about 0 25 inches per day to grow a productive crop without stress Therefore a grower will need sufficient capacity to supply 6 800 gallons of water per day per acre of irrigated land to keep up with plant transpiration and evaporation If you are pumping from a well or a surface water source and can pump 24 hours per day thi
13. ght Depend Upon Pollination Success http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 corn management decisions during html Harvesting Barren and Poorly Pollinated Corn http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 harvesting barren and poorly pollinated html Pricing Drought Stressed Corn http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 pricing drought stressed corn html Nitrate Toxicity Issues in Barren Corn http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 nitrate toxicity issues in barren corn html Options for Double Cropping Barren Corn http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 cropping options for double cropping html Corn Transgenic and Trait Technologies in UW Trials during 2012 http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 corn transgenic and trait technologies html Corn Management Decisions During Drought Depend Upon Pollination Success Joe Lauer I have been dreading writing this article I was hoping rain might fall but the forecast is not positive for the next 10 days It is becoming clear that corn farmers in the southern four tiers of counties in Wisconsin might have to make the best of a bad situation After pollination July 10 to August 1 the key plant indicator to observe and base future management decisions upon is the success of pollination Each ovule potential kernel has a silk attached to it When a pollen grain falls on a silk it germinates produces a pollen tube that grows the length of the si
14. lk which fertilizes the ovule in 12 to 28 hours If fertilization of the ovule is successful within 1 to 3 days the silk will detach from the developing kernel Silks will remain attached to unfertilized ovules and be receptive to pollen up to 7 days after emergence Silks eventually turn brown and dry up after pollination is over Two techniques are commonly used to assess pollination success or failure The most rapid technique to determine pollination success is the shake test Carefully unwrap the ear husk leaves and then gently shake the ear The silks from fertilized ovules will drop off The proportion of silks dropping off the ear indicates the proportion of future kernels on an ear Randomly sample several ears in a field to estimate the success of pollination The second technique is to wait until 10 days after fertilization of the ovules The developing ovules kernels will appear as watery blisters the blister R2 stage of kernel development 59 Management Guidelines for Handling Cornfields with Poor Pollination Typical management options and uses are available for corn that has successfully pollinated If pollination is unsuccessful we are usually trying to make the best of a bad situation If pollination is good harvest in a normal fashion for either grain or forage use If pollination is poor yet some kernels are developing the plant can gain dry matter and farmers should wait with harvest In Wisc
15. mean sizeable yields this fall we just need patience to see how the next month or so develops Each farmer will have to wait and assess yields once these reproductive phases end for their crops With this information farmers can then determine if meeting grain delivery obligations will be a problem Farmers who think they will have shortfalls and will not be able to meet delivery requirements for forward contracts may want to communicate now to see how they will be asked to meet requirements Will they have to buy grain on the open market pay transportation and make delivery themselves or is there some other way to proceed This information can help farmers make better plans for the future Know Your Policy In the meantime some farmers may want to make marketing adjustments in response to current high prices A key issue is to know the specifics of your policy do you have Revenue Protection Revenue Protection with the Harvest Price Exclusion or Yield Protection Look over your policy and or call your insurance agent to clarify if you do not know In particular be sure to know if you have Revenue Protection or Revenue Protection with the Harvest Price Exclusion as these will likely have different price guarantees this fall Revenue Protection Revenue Protection RP is the most popular policy for corn and soybeans in Wisconsin With RP the guaranteed revenue increases with the market price The RP revenue guarantee for corn was c
16. n contact with your crop insurance agent to keep moving the process along For More Information UW Extension FYI Drought 2012 http fyi uwex edu drought2012 Dr Joe Lauer UWEX Corn Agronomist Main page http corn agronomy wisc edu and Corn Blog http corn agronomy wisc edu Season Default aspx Dr Shawn Conley UWEX Soybean and Small Grain Agronomist Main page http soybean uwex edu and Soy Blog http thesoyreport blogspot com Dr Dan Undersander UWEX Forage Agronomist http www uwex edu ces forage UWEX Wisconsin Beef Center Summer Drought 2012 Resources Forage Resources http fyi uwex edu wbic 2012 07 09 summer 2012 drought resources UWEX Farmer to Farmer Hay Forage amp Corn List http farmertofarmer uwex edu index cfm or contact your local UWEX county agent Drought and Alternative Uses of Insured Crops Can I Chop My Insured Corn for Silage http www aae wisc edu mitchell Insurance_and_Silage pdf USDA RMA Aflatoxin and Crop Insurance Fact Sheet http www rma usda gov fields mn_rso 2007 2007stpaulaflato xin pdf 62 Biggest Weed Contest to be held at the Weed Doctor s Booth at Farm Technology Days in Outagamie County Mark Renz UW Madison Extension Weed Scientist The weather has been crazy this spring and summer but the Weed Doctors are betting that big weeds are still widespread in Wisconsin Have a weed in your field that you think is a prize win
17. ner Then cut it down and bring it to Farm Technology days and enter it in the contest All you need to do is bring it in to the Weed Doctors booth in the Progress Pavilion and we will enter you in the competition We will have daily and an overall winner and will report the winners at the conclusion of the event Last year s winner common burdock was 95 inches tall and 95 inches wide and easily beat the more slender competitors So start scouting those fields now for the winning entry The only rules of the contest are that 1 weeds can t be woody plants e g trees 2 weeds can t be poisonous plants 3 weeds must be donated for display at the Doctors booth Winners will receive a weed identification book and of course the honor of being able to grow the biggest weed in Wisconsin in 2012 Corn Rootworm Beetle Emergence and Feeding in Corn Fields Eileen Cullen Extension Entomologist Because corn rootworm beetles can reduce yield by silk pruning it is important to scout cornfields before and during early pollination This is especially important now under drought conditions also adversely affecting pollination by disrupting the nick or synchronization of pollen shed and silk emergence Corn rootworm beetle emergence is underway and beetles are being reported feeding on corn leaves and silks Western corn rootworm beetles are more common in Wisconsin but you will find northern corn rootworm adults as well When
18. onsin many farmers have the option of harvesting poorly pollinated fields for silage use If there is no pollination then the best quality forage will be found as close to flowering as possible Quality decreases after flowering The challenge is to make sure that no potential pollination occurs and that the forage moisture is correct for the storage structure Drought stressed corn can be grazed or used for forage either as green chop or silage Because of the potential for nitrate toxicity grazing or green chopping should be done only when emergency feed is needed The decision to chop corn for silage should be made when 1 You are sure pollination and fertilization of kernels will not or did not occur and that whole plant moisture is in the proper range for the storage structure so that fermentation can occur without seepage or spoilage losses If there is no grain now florets on the ear were either not pollinated or have not started to grow due to moisture stress and the plant will continue to be barren If the plant is dead harvest should occur when whole plant moisture is appropriate for preservation and storage 2 If pollination and fertilization of kernels did occur but it was poor do not chop until you are sure that there is no further potential to increase grain dry matter and whole plant moisture is in the proper range for the storage structure These kernels may grow some if the plant is not dead If kernels are growing
19. p Irrigation Wisconsin DNR http dnr wi gov waterways water_levels_crossings irrigation html Drip Irrigation on line references Drip Irrigation Design Guidelines http www irrigationtutorials com dripguide htm Drip Irrigation Planning Guide http cdn dripworks com downloads manuals DripPlanningGu ide pdf Ro Drip User Manual Roberts Irrigation Products Inc http www trickl eez com rodrip pdf Wisconsin Agricultural Irrigation Dealers Roberts Irrigation Plover WI 715 344 4747 http www robertsirrigation net North Central Irrigation Beloit 800 924 0321 and Plainfield WI 800 755 0268 http www valleynci com Oasis Irrigation Almond WI 715 366 8000 http oasisirrigationllc com index htm TIP Inc Custer WI 800 225 9727 http www tipinc net index html There are also many drip irrigation equipment suppliers online Drought Management Information for Corn Growers Joe Lauer has posted several new articles to his blog containing drought management information You can find links to each of the articles below We have reprinted one of the articles following the links A Tale of Two Extremes http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 tale of two extremes html What Happens Within the Corn Plant When Drought Occurs http wisccorn blogspot com 2012 07 what happens within corn plant when html Corn Management Decisions During Drou
20. pps details id ipcm calc nrate Wisconsin Crop Diagnostic Training Center 2012 Diagnostic Troubleshooting Workshops Dan Heider UW Integrated Pest Management Program There is still time to register for the most interactive workshop of the summer Whether you regularly troubleshoot crop and pest management problems or if the detective in you simply can t resist solving a mystery this is the workshop for you Because the date is filling fast I encourage you to use our online registration which is found at https www patstore wisc edu ipm register asp Diagnostic Troubleshooting Workshop Registration Fee 75 CCA CEU s 4 0 categories to be determined Location Arlington Ag Research Station Thursday July 26 2012 Topics covered This workshop gives you the opportunity to fine tune your crop diagnostic skills in a fun interactive setting Small groups rotate through field problems with UW Specialists role playing as farmers Through digging up plants asking 57 questions and consulting references participants will diagnose the problem and make a recommendation for correction Each participant will experience 8 separate diagnostic scenarios For additional information contact Dan Heider at 608 262 6491 or via email at djheider wisc edu Emergency Irrigation Considerations July 2012 Scott Sanford Extension Engineer With the extended dry weather and no rain in the forecast growers are lookin
21. s Farmers who insured their corn for silage can receive an indemnity not only if their silage yield is low but also if their silage is grain deficient If you believe your silage is grain deficient contact your crop insurance before you harvest as a loss adjuster will likely need a representative sample from the standing crop to determine indemnities Given the wide extent of the drought loss adjustors will be busy throughout the Midwest Expect delays in getting permission for alternative crop uses especially for grazing It is likely difficult for most growers to leave ungrazed strips for loss adjustors to use later for determining indemnities so growers will have to wait for an adjustor to visit fields before receiving permission to graze an insured crop Patience The final extent of crop losses as a result of the dry weather and heat is far from clear Timely rains could still allow corn and soybeans to produce sizable crops Modern corn hybrids are more drought tolerant than in years past and soybean flowering will last into early August so there it still time for rain to save part of the yield for these crops we just have to wait and see what happens Furthermore crop agents and especially loss adjustors will likely be very busy this year meaning longer waits before adjustors can visit fields Insured growers should expect delays especially if they want to graze an insured crop so start early if this is your plan maintai
22. s equates to about a 5 gallon per minute flow rate Growers that have limited water availability often try to water everything a little but this usually ends with poor results If the crop doesn t receive enough water to improve the yield or crop quality thus resulting in increased income then the grower is better off doing nothing Growers should only irrigate the number of acres for which they have an adequate supply of water to meet the plant ET use If you are irrigating a crop for direct human consumption and using a surface water source it is recommend that you have the water tested for pathogens and contaminates The Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene or other water testing labs can supply that service Transporting water to the field Water can be pump several miles but may require booster pumps along the pipeline to overcome friction losses and elevation changes Pumping is the most efficient method for moving large quantities of water If you don t have water within pumping distance and are considering trucking water a semi tanker can hold 5 500 to 9 000 gallons of water so one tanker load would cover 0 8 to 1 3 acres of area to a water depth of 0 25 inches Water Distribution system Sprinkler irrigation is typically used to distribute water to row crops The most practical distribution systems for emergency irrigation are moveable pipe or traveling gun systems The irrigation system has to match the pump water supply cap
23. such as planting date records and other documents Work closely with your crop insurance agent to ensure that coverage is not lost due to a technical issue Things to Remember You cannot graze an insured crop or chop it for forage or silage without first receiving permission from your crop insurance agent or you will forfeit indemnities The same applies if you decide to terminate the insured crop and plant a new forage crop you must first receive permission or you will forfeit any indemnity Expect to leave representative samples of the insured crop for determining indemnities and if these strips have high enough yields you will not receive an indemnity Note that you do not have to use the forage yourself but can sell it The adjuster will assess your yields and explain your options Using drought stressed crops for forage silage or grazing can be different than normal crops To avoid problems such as nitrate toxicity see some of the assembled resources listed below Aflatoxin and related issues can also be a problem for drought stressed grain Aflatoxin and other grain quality problems are insurable causes of loss so growers can receive indemnities for problems If you suspect aflatoxin mycotoxin or other grain quality problems contact your crop insurance agent before you harvest the grain place it in storage or deliver it for sale Loss adjusters will need representative samples from the standing crop to determine indemnitie
24. tions prior to planting the oat or oat pea mixture Planting should occur during the first week of August as earlier planting will result in earlier maturation and reduced yield Vegetable Crop Update 7 11 12 The 16 issue of the Vegetable Crop Update is now available This issue contains information on heat impact and drought management Click here to view this update Drought 2012 Forward Contracts and Crop Insurance Paul D Mitchell Agricultural and Applied Economics UW Madison Extension Brenda Boetel Agricultural Economics UW River Falls Extension Many Wisconsin farmers have forward contracts with a local elevator or ethanol plant or have sold futures contracts on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange With the current drought many of these farmers are concerned that they may not have the grain to meet these contracts Most Wisconsin farmers also buy crop insurance 69 of corn acres and 74 of soybean acres were insured in 2011 with even more acres likely insured in 2012 Many farmers are wondering What if I do not have the grain to make delivery on contracts and I have crop insurance Should I do something now This bulletin is a quick summary of things to consider 60 Don t Panic The season is far from over Timely rains can still mean a substantial crop for many growers Corn is about to move into the crucial pollination phase and soybeans will continue to flower into August so well timed rains could still
25. ts to offset their price risk if they think the price at harvest will be higher This price risk is the same each year for farmers with forward contracts who buy YP Every year these farmers bear the risk of having yield losses and having to buy grain at market prices higher than will be paid by their insurance Farmers concerned about this risk should either buy RP in the spring instead of YP or use existing futures markets to offset their price risk Revenue Protection with the Harvest Price Exclusion Revenue Protection with the Harvest Price Exclusion RP HPE is not a common crop insurance policy in Wisconsin RP HPE is the same as RP except that the revenue guarantee does not increase with the harvest price in the fall Thus RP HPE only protects farmers from price decreases not price increases Much like YP if current market prices continue farmers who have forward contracts and expect a yield shortfall will likely have to buy grain at higher prices than they will be paid by their RP HPE policy These farmers may want to buy futures contracts to offset their price risk if they think they will have a yield shortage for their delivery contracts and they think the price at harvest will be higher Livestock as a Forward Contract Farmers with livestock essentially have a forward contract with delivery obligations if they have a yield shortfall they will have to buy feed for their livestock or sell part of the herd Thus the same
26. y about 20 psi resulting in lower energy costs Drip irrigation requires clean water due to the small openings use to meter the water out and thus filtering is recommended It is also higher in initial cost Refer to the Irrigation tool in the USDA Energy Self Assessment tool at www ruralenergy wisc edu for more information on other types of irrigation systems Your Wisconsin irrigation equipment dealer can assist with the selection of equipment for your application and aid you with the design and layout of irrigation equipment Economics This aspect is the hardest for many growers What is the best option Should I do anything Irrigation is expensive to purchase and to operate so it is generally only used on high value crops The payback on irrigation should be the difference between doing nothing and purchasing and operating irrigation for the typical year with 2012 being very a typical If you can t recover the amortized cost of an irrigation system with increased yields or higher quality in the average year over a period of years then it s a poor investment and one should take the drought loss this year Resources 58 Sprinkler Irrigation Systems MWPS 30 Midwest Plan Service Ames IA http www mwps org DNR to expedite farmers water diversion requests due to drought emergency Wisconsin DNR http dnr wi gov news breakingnews_lookup asp id 2421 Waterway amp Wetland Permits Withdrawals am
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