Home

PHOTOMOD Mosaic USER MANUAL

1. 2009 14 5 2 4 PHOTOMOD 4 4 For editing and creating of ROI you may use marker mouse mode which is turned on by the icon L located on the upper button bar or by F4 key At that marker on the screen becomes invisible and all mouse moves leads automatically to appropriate marker moves without additional mouse clicks For convenient ROIs creation use the commands of context menu appeared after right mouse click in the image window which duplicate above mentioned operations with ROI When editing cutlines you may select group of cutline s vertices by mouse drag along with pressed Shift key and also move the selected group by mouse along with pressed Ctrl key Press Esc key to cancel vertices selection In the process of editing ROIs for the scanner projects in some cases display cutlines from neighbor images possible may become slow This is due to the considerable computational cost for projects of this type In such cases it is possible to enter a mode in which the recalculation of the cutlines from image to image will be performed only at the request of the operator In order to achieve this an option Auto update of neighbor cutlines on the Windows tab in Preferences window should be turned off In this mode cutlines are updated manually with the Update cutlines on neighbor images button on the toolbar Regions of Interest import and export You can import regions of interest from vector files closed 2D and 3D
2. cccccseececeeeeeceeeeeceeeeeseeeeeseeeeaeeeeeaeeeessaeeeseaeeeseeeeesaeeesseeesseeesseeeesenseesaes 57 12 6 ROOfS Ee te E d EE 57 12 7 Creating marginalia for orthophotomap cccccccseeceeceeeeeeeneeeeeesaeeeesaaeeeeseeeeeeesseeeesaeeeeesnaeeees 60 12 7 1 Wotkjlow Jor crediting mare Nala acisi aies a EE E EEEE EE 60 I2 72M enaA PTE TES E EEE EE T E E AE 63 A e EE Ee RE RE ZOO N E A AE ET EAN EA E A A E E E E EE E 63 Aki Merosi DON sasen ancadecueataaeetcndnde caatbaccet ceadeoncatacced cease ceeatonesasmuesieenntets 63 MD tli MSME K E 65 12 7 2 1 3 MicroStation DGN orbtrar 65 12 72 14 IMaplnto MIFMID ar Bitrary EE 67 Pa SS Nic ala tw ee 68 erezd Menosan RE 68 E EN Map EME M GE 68 12 7 2 2 3 MicroStation DGN orbtrar 68 72 24 Maglio MIFMID ar DUTINY esorare E OE ENE 68 ke MM naa E OOO eaer E E EE 68 erer DEN era cet eteu eco ea ewe Glee et near eae ee tA aaa daeiataeen Gcetinet eatite 68 e AVVO MIF MI E 70 B ey eA Pees Ur a ee E 70 W OAD E 23 oO EE 70 WD AN ena MIE IVI severe ee cones E E E E E 71 Dr Ee OMA E E EE 71 MMe TINCT SPANO DUON EE 71 27232 MA ea Tes MIE MID eerie n 71 12 6 Distributed creation of OMNOMOSAlC eeee eeegeedegedeEeee Eed 71 13 Export of orthomosaic to PHOTOMOD Ve CIO cccccseesseeeeeensseeeseeenseeeeseenseeessonenseeeseoeenneees 73 TA GOP CT STEIN CO TNS soea aA RA REA EAE A a EAEE EEE OA SERASA E ESE EEE AAEE ERR 74 1A PROFOMOD EE 14 E ee alle TE ZA de N
3. 3 Usually the initial images of the block have considerable brightness and color differences and additional processing is required to obtain visually continual orthophotomosaic For such 2009 4 PHOTOMOD 4 4 processing you should set global and local brightness adjustment parameters on Brightness adjustment tab in Parameters window If the neighbour images of the block differ in brightness and color you should use By average brightness option for global adjustment The local adjustment improves the brightness inside each image In most cases it Is recommended also to use Seams feathering option for brightness differences adjustment on merging edges of the images see the chapter 6 3 Brightness adjustment 4 Draw regions of interest ROI on the initial images according to the rules described in the chapter 5 2 2 Cutlines creating rules On this stage you can also exclude unused images from the project and set the order upper lower of images supposed to be included to the resulting mosaic 5 If you would like to split the resulting orthomosaic into sheets check the option Regular splitting on Split into sheets tab and set sheets boundaries south and west and size in Splitting parameters window opened by the Parameters button on the same tab see the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets After pushing the Apply button sheets number is calculated automatically You can correct this number if needed and close Splitting
4. A HH select strip opens an additional window with the list of strips for selecting The last strip in this list External strip contains images names added from another strip Ei by images order restore the initial order of the images and cancels all changing i invert order of selected images allows to sort selected images in the revert order 29 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia ES invert order of all images allows to sort all images in the revert order copy to clipboard copies list of images names into clipboard in text format allowing to paste them into text editor send by e mail etc CH find starts image search in the list using its name after name input to search field Select image name by mouse click And group of images is selected with pressed left mouse button along with Ctrl and Shift keys You can also move selected names using buttons with arrows in this window described above 6 3 3 1 Tutorial on setting up brightness adjustment in PHOTOMOD Mosaic If the final mosaic image contains clearly observed boundaries between areas with different brightness contrast along some of the cutlines when the options of local and global brightness adjustment are on it is necessary to check whether the local brightness adjustment is active for these cutlines If not parameters of the mosaic creation should be tuned Example of the problem the b
5. Swap kX Attribute with sheet names Fig 26 Import sheets from file A sample of the file with sheet borders coordinates of corners in text format 2009 44 PHOTOMOD 4 4 MainSection SheetCount 5 Sheet0 Name Sheet_1 tif X0 53501 7 208 YO 164805 265 X1 535517 248 Y 1 164805 265 X2 53591 7 248 Y2 165305 305 X3 53501 7 208 Y3 165305 305 Sheet1 Name Sheet_2 tif X0 53551 7 208 YO 164805 265 X1 536017 248 Y 1 164805 265 X2 536017 248 Y2 165305 305 X3 53551 7 208 Y3 165305 305 Sheet2 Name Sheet_3 tif X0 53601 7 208 YO 164805 265 X1 536517 248 Y 1 164805 265 X2 53651 7 248 Y2 165305 305 X3 53601 7 208 Y3 165305 305 Sheet3 Name Sheet_4 tif X0 53651 7 208 Y0 164805 265 X1 537017 248 Y1 164805 265 X2 53 017 248 Y2 165305 305 X3 53651 7 208 Y3 165305 305 Sheet4 Name Sheet_5 tif X0 53501 7 208 YO 165305 265 X1 535517 248 Y 1 165305 265 X2 53591 7 248 Y2 165805 305 X3 53501 7 208 Y3 165805 305 45 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Note If borders are loaded from text file the sheets can be of any convex quadrangle shape for example a polygon If sheet borders coordinates are stored in CSV format push the CSV button to start import Parameters E PH_resources sheets_intormap tet Shark import from string ho H Column with sheets names aA Column with
6. 69 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 e List file in the CSV format containing description of one sheet in each line The line should contain the name of the sheet and the eight coordinates of four vertices of sheet For example P 54 76 B 6 3 1848 0 824 0 5848 0 824 0 5848 0 4824 0 1848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 4 5848 0 824 0 9848 0 824 0 9848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 1 1848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 5848 0 8824 0 1848 0 8824 0 P 54 76 B 6 2 5848 0 4824 0 9848 0 4824 0 9848 0 8824 0 5848 0 8824 0 Start import from string option causes the import process to start from the given line in the file skipping the previous lines e Column with sheets names number of CSV column which contains the names of the sheets e Column with X1 Column with X4 Column with Y1 Column with Y4 parameters define the numbers of CSV columns which contain corresponding coordinates of the sheets corners e Swap X Y if this option is checked then during import X and Y coordinates of objects vertices are swapped e The Separators panel is used to select the symbols that separate fields in the CSV file comma and space are selected as separators by default Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 12 7 2 3 2 Maplnfo MIF MID Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 10 0
7. G Software PHOTOMOD 4 4 Module PHOTOMOD Mosaic USER MANUAL Mosaic July 25 2009 Mis HOSE al WAT EE 4 2 Installation and starting of PHOTOMOD Mosaic ccccccsseesseeeeecenseeeseeeenseeeseeensseeeseonenseessenenss 4 3 Recommended procedure of orthomosaic building ecseeeecsseeseeesecenseeeseeeneeeeeeeenseessooeass 4 4 Main EEGENEN 6 a P a Let 6 A EE 8 BO E GC GE 8 4A Regions of EE EE 9 Aa MOS e 9 Ne EE 10 APOC S EE 11 AOAN DOON EE 12 A O EE 12 5 elt die With a single Tu Te LC 12 5 1 Loading hu Let 12 5 2 Creating Regions of Interes 12 Sad dMC ION SO TLC OSI ICICLE EE 12 a EE 13 5 2 3 Creating and editing Regions Of Jnutereet rovn ot sS ita orenen i NIEk esre 13 Did Regions of Interest import and expt t oie svcuasiscned otiddnceugivwaircnaseniaauidivaedediiineeoh KENN NSSE ea enoi rN 15 go andie Image WINGOW EE 17 5 4 Using images from other porolecls AE 18 6 Parameters and preferente S eege eege 19 ole TYPE O DTM aa E E AEE E EAE E else E EE SEN AE E E sccspesecencaeees 19 6 1 1 Convert TIN to DEM 20 6 1 2 Orthorectification at the constant eleugtton 21 6 1 3 Control points mierpolorton ae eeeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeaaaseeeeeeseaaanees 21 6 1 4 External DEM 21 2 Rate ln Le TEEN 23 6 3 Ones SG USUI EE 24 6 3 1 EE 25 6 3 2 ET 25 6 3 3 Additional recommendoaitone 28 6 3 3 1 Tutorial on setting up brightness adjustment in PHOTOMOD Mosaic c
8. we n e 2 Zei K 1 ri r Ea A 7 E re Default Views Fa haa 4 5 6 7 2 lad H Level 58 Fig 37 An orthophoto in MicroStation window Marginalia can be created for the orthophoto as a whole as well as for the sheets in which it is split Sometimes it may be necessary to rename sheet image files together with marginalia files to working numbers When there is a CSV file containing necessary information coordinates of sheet corners and nomenclature Mosaic Parameters Split into sheets CSV command may be used to set up renaming image and marginalia files to working numbers Besides already created 1 2000 and 1 5000 orthophoto sheets with marginalia files may be renamed to working numbers To do this use menu commands Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 2000 Rename to work numbers or Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 5000 Rename to work numbers when the preview window is open for the mosaic sheets of which are to be renamed Then in the dialogue box that appears select the folder where files with marginalia and files with sheets which must be renamed are stored As a result of this operation the files contained in the selected folder will obtain the names used in the PHOTOMOD Mosaic module by default for example Sheet_1 Sheet_2 etc Files extensions will correspond to their content for example tiff for sheets files tab for sheets georeferencing in MapInfo mif mid for files with marginalia 61 RACURS
9. 200 0 ts a S Start import from string k Ka External Frame offset 26 0 A Column with sheets names k Ka External Frame width f A Ceduna itt a H elle lm f ts Internalfexternal Frame layer E K Golunin with s f4 Golumn with v2 f FA Coordinates grid layer fz A Salann with A f Golum with wi f FA Col Witty met IS C ith P ts Coordinates grid labels layer Be A Se dur with Ys Swap Y Text layer Fe A eparators Frames File suffix Comma F Tabulation frames Space F Semicolon Insert names in frames E Others Type of file with neighbour sheets E wie e List ecimal separators fi Dot comma Cancel Frame parameters tab e Coordinate grid step specifies the distance between the lines of grid on marginalia e External frame offset specifies the indentation of external thickened frame from the frame along the outer edges of the corresponding image e External frame width specifies thickness of external thickened frame 2009 66 PHOTOMOD 4 4 e Internal external frame layer Coordinates grid layer Coordinates grid labels layer and Text layer specify the layer numbers in DGN file on which the relevant information is placed e Frames file suffix specifies a text line attached to the base sheet name to get the combined file name with all created sheets frames e Insert names in frames option causes writing the names of sheets to a file with frames not only into the corresponding attribut
10. Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Fei k r Las RazrzwgavdAv PLAIA ae gab Secor Hee eigenen Sg gea 1 serge ERB e SOG oe PE CEET KEE Fig 20 Mosaic preview The local brightness adjustment is active Red squares correspond to areas of fixed brightness along the edges Gree and cyan Squares correspond to adjustments ares inside and between nominal mosaic strips If the images overlap area having brightness adjustment problems lacks green or cyan squares the local adjustment there has not activated Local adjustment settings should be tuned in order to resolve the problem using Mosaic Parameters Brightness adjustment Parameters command Settings on the Local adjustment parameters Base tab Local adjustment parameters Base Edges Fragment size Inner pointa ES A fi Gil Number of fragments Contrast coefficient Brightness addition in inner point Along strip lo t Glo K g 0 o Ki Between strips F 0 0 A Glo t4 g 0 o Ki Fig 21 Basic local adjustment parameters 2009 32 PHOTOMOD 4 4 One should verify that Contrast coefficient field is set to 1 except when it should be changed for some other reasons e g when some abnormal brightness or color defects appear on images outside overlapping areas Increase the Number of fragments value set to twice the initial value for the first time then increase mor
11. lelsalel zlaga sitrJelslelrlel V VE FF alain RAAR Ze Jm A A D Ce gt wi Output raster 1575 x 1111 x 24 5126K ECH 630 0 X 4970160 110 6443668 938 Fig 32 Window of output orthomosaic At the lower left part of orthomosaic window there are standard icons for raster image managing one step zooming out duplicated by key e one step zooming out duplicated by key for all images opened e Jl 1 1 mode image cell corresponds to the screen pixel duplicated by Alt 1 keys vk e one step zooming in duplicated by key vk e E one step zooming in duplicated by 21 fitting the whole image into the window duplicated by Alt Enter keys key for all images opened Current image zoom is shown in title bar in brackets after image name and in the lower part of the window as i CH You can also use the following key combinations to zoom or move arbitrary image fragment e Ctrl Alt mouse zooming in by zoom box drawn by mouse e Ctrl Alt Shift mouse zooming out by zoom box e Alt mouse panning the image e Mouse wheel mouse wheel steering allows to zoom in zoom out image on the screen Following sliders Sc C located at the bottom of the window are used to set up brightness contrast and gamma respectively for the active image When working with color images there is a possibility to adjust these radiometric paramete
12. parameters window and also Parameters window by the OK button 6 Build mosaic preview see the chapter 8 Mosaic preview and check that all sheets are inside the DEM boundaries If some of them are out you could correct DEM boundaries to extend them otherwise the parts of sheets located outside the DEM will be colored as a background 7 If brightness and color differences are not properly adjusted and are visible on preview you should change local adjustment parameters and global adjustment type You can also change cutlines close to unsatisfactory parts of image to improve the local adjustment All these efforts lead to the required brightness quality 8 In Parameters window on Orthoimage tab opened by menu command Mosaic Parameters you can set the parameters of the orthoimage file compression if necessary as well as background color and georeference file type After pushing the Scale button an additional panel is opened allowing you to input the scale of resulting mosaic by filling in Orthoimage scale field and also to recalculate its size and resolution see the chapter 6 2 Orthoimage 9 After that start creating orthomosaic with preset parameters See the chapter 12 Building orthomosaic Note 1 After each mosaic building stage mentioned above save mosaic project to PHOTOMOD system resource 2 You can also make cutlines and brightness adjustment prior to DEM creating In this case it is recommended to check the optio
13. 21 e Bl Column with 1 2 sl Column with 2 2 Column with Y2 E H Column with lt 3 6 B Coumnwinvi a Column w E Coumn wiva d IT Swap Y We jx Tabulation hd Space Semicolon Others Decimal separators kd Dot IT Comma Cancel Fig 27 Parameters of import of sheet borders from CSV file In the window opened specify path to file to be imported and select import parameters Start import from string allows to start import from the exact string of the file skipping all preceding ones Column with sheet names number of a column containing sheets names Column numbers containing sheets borders coordinates X and Y Swap X Y allows to change coordinate system from left to right handed or vice versa Separators the panel allows to specify the symbols for separating sheet borders coordinates in CSV file default separators are comma and space Decimal separators panel specifies a symbol of decimal separators in coordinates of sheets borders Dot by default Sheet s coordinates could be also imported from PHOTOMOD system resources See also the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets 10 DEM with variable resolution Before the mosaic creating you should pre set the parameter Interpolation cell sizes see the chapter 6 1 1 DEM from TIN which is applied to the initial grid step However in some special areas for example around the bridges where the mosaics resolution should be
14. DEM to SIT In case of new VectOr map creation you get a dialog with the following fields to be filled in x SIT scale Work area name ER zealand Resource file name E S TATvectorsplan2zU00 rec Continue Cancel Fig 37 e SIT scale select the scale of output orthoimage 1 2 000 by default e Work area name arbitrary name of output map region up to 31 character e Resource file name name of file with a map symbol library rsc file Several standard classifiers for different map scales are included to PHOTOMOD system stored in PHOTOMOD VectOr folder See also PHOTOMOD VectOr User Manual Note Since VectOr always works with a left handed coordinate system X to the north Y to the east orthomosaic coordinates will be swapped accordingly Click the button Continue to start creating orthophoto in PHOTOMOD VectOr format 13 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 14 Georeference file 14 1 When the orthomosaic file is created its georeference file is saved to the same folder This file is used for referencing the mosaic to the coordinate system and has formats described in the chapter 14 1 PHOTOMOD Geo file 14 2 ArcWorld file and 14 3 Maplnfo file The georeference file format is selected on the tab Mosaic Parameters Orthoimage see the chapter 6 2 Orthoimage Note In case of mosaic export to GeoTIFF VectOr
15. MicroStation ERDAS Imagine the georeference information is stored directly in the file and the separate georeference file is not created PHOTOMOD Geo file PHOTOMOD georeference file has geo extension and contains pixel and ground coordinates of 4 orthomosaic cells as well as cell size by X and Y axes in given units Example of geo file Orthomosaic created by PHOTOMOD 10 01 07 Units m Linscale 8 600 Colscale 8 600 0 5 0 5 8271360 000 East 1857514 200 North 0 5 2446 5 8271360 000 East 1836470 000 North 2612 5 0 5 8293831 800 East 1857514 200 North 2612 5 2446 5 8293831 800 East 1836470 000 North Coordinate system UTM North 14 2 Arc World file Georeference file used by Arc INFO tfw extension at export to TIFF format Example of tfw file 1 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 000000 551286 128054 200588 824470 After orthomosaic export to other formats georeference files of text format likewise tfw file are created with the following extensions After export to BMP georeference file with bpw extension is created After export to JPG georeference file with jgw extension is created After export to NITF georeference file with nfw extension is created After export to DGN georeference file with dgw extension is created After export to PNG georeference file with pgw extension is created 2009 14 PHOTOMOD 4 4 14 3 MapInfo file Georeference file used by MapInfo tab
16. Push the button Export and specify output file name and path in the window opened To exit Sheet list window click the icon D or cancel parameters editing by clicking Esc Note Block must contain at least one sheet When the number of sheets Is one its status is always To be created and it cannot be excluded from processing Once splitting parameters are selected push OK and open preview window with splitting results see the chapter 9 2 Splitting preview 9 2 Splitting preview To display the results of splitting mosaic into sheets push the ei icon of the main icon bar or select menu command Mosaic Preview to open Preview window Fig 24 2 PHOTOMOD Mosaic Preview 1 1 x w Images View Project ROIs Mosaic Service Blockscheme Window Help e x Nites e 6HA SBS BUBS QA ME FANBIBABIFR id GOAR ae 3 F 7 lt o R pi f A 4 d H Als oh CN 5 d E WE Wi A i Das ef CH ay D bi Ki L e D A y ood IPAS P T 7 ei Be i Sis tk ba i A jiii IAZ p 9 i D Wi i Pi ie z Sa l N Eh Apa H NA e E b h A ot K d Te ek Y f d d LTA gt d d r gt a te D y K 4 oe x s i sl 4 RK a a SNE x P Ge ex E T R gt VM p lt 3 V os egw D D d i H Kee 2 i al E a 3 E te L iy gt te 8 g r LAS T P e 3 Ry WS SC rf Sa Eg 2 L S PUN Q N g t Selected image R09_586 8 7 Sheet_8_7 tif Sheet is to be cre
17. These settings allow to simplify cutlines creation 7 Import of PHOTOMOD Mosaic project In order to provide separate work of several operators when creating ROI s you may use import of PHOTOMOD Mosaic projects If for instance several operators are working on separate projects and are creating their own part of ROI s Then these separate projects could be imported one after another into basic project of PHOTOMOD Mosaic At that ROI s are joined together in this project which is used for creating of orthomosaic afterward Select menu command Project Import to open a window for indicating of PHOTOMOD Mosaic project containing ROI to be imported After that the window of the following import settings is opened Project import x h Import ROIs W dd new images to project Jw Replace existing ROIs Remove images without ROIs From project Import project settings cen _ Fig 19 Parameters of project import Import ROI s turns on off import of ROI s from imported project If the option is off the options Add new images to project Replace existing ROI s are unavailable Add new images to project allows to add images to current project that are not existing in it if there are ROI s to be imported Replace existing ROI s allows to replace ROI s of current project by imported ones Remove images without ROIl s from project allows to remove all images without ROI s images with trimmed edges from project af
18. allows to output ortho mosaic in separate thread The visualization after that is smoother but slower with pre loading of white background that is not convenient for panning It is recommended to use the option for viewing the rasters with large volume or from slow media CD network Fill holes between cutlines if this option is ON then empty areas holes between ROIs created during cutlines drawing are hatched by red color See also the chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing Regions of Interest Search for DEM fragments when loading DEM used for mosaic building see the chapter 6 1 4 External DEM turn this option ON to find and load separate DEM fragments if the initial DEM consists of several parts Trim off images edges allows to set percent of the image area to be cut from each side of initial image to eliminate fiducial mark s areas from resulting mosaic Default setting is 10 2009 34 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Windows Preview raster size allows to select maximum raster size by lines or columns in Preview window the default value is 600 Increasing the parameter value improves raster quality but slows down the Preview building Block scheme allows to select number of strips and images included to the block scheme see the chapter 4 7 Block scheme For example if this parameter is 3 x 4 the block scheme consists of 3 strips by 4 images The Overlap parameter is used to set up number of overlapping image
19. column If you have a big error which significantly differs from the adjustment results on some point check the TIN around it in PHOTOMOD DTM module Probably it contains some artifacts Note that if the control point is placed on the roof of building or somewhere else not on the ground the corresponding error occurs due to height difference of objects The Max buttons are used to select a point with a maximum error value If there is an Orthomosaic see the chapter 12 Building orthomosaic or Preview see the chapter 7 Preview window on the screen you can select a point in the list and estimate its position on the image marker on orthoimage moves to selected point s position Red color on the image shows error vectors which are directed from the ground position of triangulation points to their rectified position on orthoimage Red vectors are helpful for estimation of size and direction of this shift 47 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Points list shown in the table is sorted by name type and also by X Y and XY deviations using mouse click on the appropriate column header The In use only option allows to hide points excluded from mosaic building points with red circles in the Use column There would be many of such points in case of import from PAT B List of control tie and check points opens by clicking the button Report located in left lower corner o
20. created in appropriate regions of interest on their images Sheet names are defined as initial images names in PHOTOMOD project and they could be changed if necessary Sheets management turn ON OFF rename is the same as for Regular sheets splitting see the chapter 9 1 Splitting parameters If the check box Remove sheets out of project is marked by default the map sheets on the image area which is out of project territory will be not created If it is necessary to import 39 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 and show all sheets irrespective of their location on mosaic project clear the check box and re build the preview to see where the sheets are located You can also exclude sheets manually on preview image as described in the chapter 9 2 Splitting preview 9 1 Splitting parameters If you split the mosaic into Regular sheets or By images specify the parameters of splitting in the window opened by the button Parameters from the tab Mosaic Parameters Splitting into sheets Block splitting parameters q x Block extents r Sheet size m width 2245 119 Height d 22 Horth 1036111 766 West HUDO 29 072 south 1043081 429 Overlap i Number of sheets Horizontally 0 Vertically D PS A Vertically J Sheets base name Sheet Sheet list Reset OF Cancel To Trim off null edges Fig 21 To change the exten
21. decimal places 3 FA Backup depth Fig 18 Preferences of mosaic s additional The slider ROIs autobuilding located on this tab allows to adjust speed and quality of automatic cutlines creation during mosaic building The option Save color adjustment parameters is used when the project contains a big number of images In this case brightness adjustment parameters selected on the corresponding tabbed page see the chapter 6 3 Brightness adjustment are stored in file of 35 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 the mosaic project It allows to open a preview image more quickly when open the project for the next time Create backup the option allows to create a backup copy of a resource when saving a mosaic project into PHOTOMOD resource It allows to restore the project when needed You can setup number of backups to be saved in the Backup depth field Use the window called by menu command Project Open to open project s backup copy If resources with backup copies are invisible open context menu in the right list of resources using right mouse click and mark the option Show hidden resources Then select the Backup folder in the left list of resources and select backup copy in the right list After that click OK and the project will be restored The Mouse tab is used to assign operations for mouse buttons such as duplicating of Insert Enter S and other keys
22. extension Example of tab file table Iversion 300 Icharset WindowsLatin1 Definition table File mosaic tif Type RASTER 143424 937 2635592 133 0 0 Label Point 1 224834 937 2635592 133 1163 0 Label Point 2 143424 937 2565592 133 0 1000 Label Point 3 224834 937 2565592 133 1163 1000 Label Point 4 CoordSys Earth Projection 8 104 m 33 000000 0 000000 0 999600 500000 000000 0 000000 15 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia
23. for all supported scales 12 7 2 1 Marginalia 1 2000 12 7 2 1 1 MicroStation DGN Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 2000 MicroStation DGN This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Marginalia parameters 1 2000 Mames Frame parameters DaM parameters x Path to marginalia Files Ei Coord system Wien Country Poema State Teepckas ofnacte District By6uoeckn pation cn opoxaeso 000 City afenmg nn d Caption DEAEPAMHOE ATEHTCTEO KAAACTPA OBLERTOBHEABMKMMOCTH Stamp JANA CMKEBHOTOMOMbSOBSHMA 0 D Jaspoboroceemea 2006r 00 Opro oronnan nsrotoenen B 2007 r era Tocsemkasactperemka BACKAT 000 mm CH CH CH CH deel Cancel i The Names tab contains the following parameters e Path to marginalia files the directory where the sheets with marginalia will be saved By default this is the folder where orthophoto has been created If the setting is changed it is saved and used the next time e Coord system Country State District Text lines placed consequently at the upper left corner of marginalia e Caption City Text lines placed consequently at the top center of marginalia e Stamp Text line placed at the upper right corner of marginalia Next come 5 strings placed consequently at the bottom right corner of marginalia The fields for entering numeric values to the right of some text input fields specify h
24. key for all images opened e OI fitting the whole image into the window duplicated by Alt Enter keys 37 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Current image zoom is shown in title bar in brackets after image name and in the lower part of the window as i 43 You can also use the following key combinations to zoom or move arbitrary image fragment e Ctrl Alt mouse zooming in by zoom box drawn by mouse e Ctrl Alt Shift mouse zooming out by zoom box e Alt mouse panning the image e Mouse wheel mouse wheel steering allows to zoom in zoom out image on the screen Following sliders Sc C located at the bottom of the window are used to set up brightness contrast and gamma respectively for the active image When working with color images there is a possibility to adjust these radiometric parameters separately by channels using the buttons BI Right click any slider and select the option Set original BCG correction to restore BCG settings by default Note Current coordinates of marker on the preview image in project coordinate system are shown in the rightmost field of Status panel You can copy them to clipboard by Ctrl C and paste afterward into chosen application by Ctrl V If you need to setup brightness of one image included to the mosaic select it by click inside the corresponding ROI ROIs are displayed by pushing the Ki icon or usin
25. polygons in Shapefile and DXF formats by menu command ROls Import ROIs Since regions of interest are created on the initial images and stored in pixel coordinates the average project height is used for 2D polygons re calculating to pixel coordinate system The main task during the import is image selecting for correct ROIs referencing ROPs referencing parameters are set up in the window opened by menu command ROls Import ROIs Import from DXF Import from Shape x Linear units Use Lat Lon Ge Degrees o Radian Referencing metho Ce Image number C Source file name Image code Image name Construct name Preis Roo Ce Laver name Block name Attribute name Du Fig 3 Regions of interest are referenced to output mosaic during import using the following options e Image number number of image in PHOTOMOD project It is taken from initial order of images in Open images window just after PHOTOMOD Mosaic opening e Image code integer index for image identifying in PHOTOMOD project e Source file name file name with extension 15 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 e Image name image name used in PHOTOMOD project Import from DXF format In DXF file root of name is stored as layer name block name or attribute name Besides you can add the prefix to this name in the beginning and or suffix in the end Import from Shap
26. the lower left corner insert the names of the neighbour sheets in the cut outs of the external thickened frame e Labels in separate file option allows to save all text captions in a separate file with the specified suffix 12 7 2 1 3 MicroStation DGN arbitrary Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create marginalia 1 2000 MicroStation DGN arbitrary This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters 65 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Marginalia parameters 1 2000 arbitrary l Mames Frame parameters DON parameters x Path to marginalia Files Ch Coord system wien Country Pom State Tsepekas ofmacte District ByfuoecKa paron c n op app Orthoinage a Bepwmno D Caption DEAEPANbHOE ATEHTCTEO KAQACTPA OBBERTOBHEABMIKMMOCTM 000 Stamp ana Cie EEBHOT O NONbSCOBAHHA Jaspoporocvemka 20067 JOpropotonnan werotoenen 2007 r t oryn Tocsemkasactperemka BACKAT 000 l Contours i mm CH CH mm mm d Elevation system Cancel i Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard except for additional Contours and Elevation system parameters which specify two text strings which are written consequently at the center bottom Marginalia parameters 1 2000 arbitrary q x Hames Frame parameters oen parameters Coordinate grid step
27. the image without exit from DustCorrect module Quite often images to process in DustCorrect contain at the borders non informative part such as background with constant value of brightness and color It is obvious that image correction at the borders of raster images and background could lead to changes of pixel values of background This is inadmissible because during further processing may a necessity appear to separate background and raster image by values of brightness and color For correct processing of raster images at borders an option was added to take background color into account MI white For correction not to affect the background it is necessary to enable the option and select the appropriate color Drop down menu for color selection contains 3 points Black White and Other When choosing Other item the standard Windows palette window is shown for color selection Measurements over orthomosaic There is a possibility to make control measurements of distances on the orthomosaic Press the left mouse button combined with the button Shift drag a line to the point you need and release the buttons You will get a distance value L displayed at the bottom of window This operation is useful for example for estimation of orthomosaic accuracy along the cutlines To perform an additional accuracy control of the orthomosaic you can load external control points from a text file consisted of strings with X and Y coordinate values
28. the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in MIF MID format 12 7 2 5 Marginalia 1 50 000 12 7 2 5 1 MicroStation DGN Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 50 000 MicroStation DGN This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 10 000 marginalia in DGN format DGN parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 12 7 2 5 2 Maplnfo MIF MID Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 50 000 MapInfo MIF MID This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 10 000 marginalia in DGN format MIF MID parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in MIF MID format 12 8 Distributed creation of orthomosaic Distributed creation of orthomosaic using multiple computers of the local network is possible when splitting of output mosaic into sheets is enabled Detailed information on setting up PHOTOMOD for distributed processing is given in the PHOTOMOD
29. the orthophoto itself has been created execute the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 2000 MicroStation DGN Marginalia parameters 1 2000 Mames Frame parameters DON parameters Path to marginalia Files Ci E Coord system Wien Country Pocens State Teepcras obnacTh District ByGuoecKnfiparion cn opoxaeso 00 Caption DEAEPANGHOE ATEHTCTBO KAMACTPA OB BEKTOB HEABMIKMMOCTM Stamp JANACMYKEBHOTOMOMBSOBAHMA bo e Jaspooroceemea 2006 on Il jOprocporonnan nsrotoenen s 2007 on Il bo e IT ES TS i Fig 36 Marginalia parameters 2009 60 PHOTOMOD 4 4 In the parameters window set path to the output marginalia files and adjust if necessary contents of the text labels for outside the frame in the Names tab frame style in the Frame parameters tab and DGN specific parameters on the corresponding tab After the OK button is clicked DGN files containing marginalia are saved in the folder specified Open the created DGN file in MicroStation then open corresponding orthophoto raster sheet File Raster management File Attach and the program displays the orthophoto with marginalia ES Mosaic_marginalia dgn 3D 8 DGN MicroStation 8 File Edit Element Settings Tools Utilities Workspace Window Help EE Jusen ern 2 OC7elDeg app Sen Top Zelt L we s De f RH F Fi PF fi oe et wi be 6 GC al Le L n p Wen SECH Gi T Vi Be
30. vectorization window which brings up the following popup menu Change height Delete Clear Load polygons Export to DAF Change height allows settings the roof height When this command is activated the following dialog is shown mes Note This windows defines the height of the building roof in the coordinate system of the project If the height of the building is known it must be added to the elevation of the surface in the given point Delete deletes the roof selected in the Roofs vectorization window Clear deletes all the roofs after a confirmation message 2009 58 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Load polygons allows loading vector objects digitized in PHOTOMOD StereoDraw PHOTOMOD DTM or imported from external formats as roof outlines This operation uses height of the first vertex of a polygon as height of the entire roof Polygons must have been loaded via an option Use polygons on Type of DTM tab of Parameters window Note that the checkbox Use breaklines must be unchecked after loading the polygons x Type of OTM Orthoimage Brightness adjustment Split mto sheets C Constant elevation 116 621 C Convert TIN to DEM TO E C Control points interpolation Model f DEM Caparos naca Slr PHOTOMOD i Import IT Use breaklines HH i Use polygons Parameters PRETERE El roofs Interpolation cell size ai A Use constant for unknowns Cancel 101 679
31. 00 MapInfo MIF MID This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 10 000 marginalia in DGN format MIF MID parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in MIF MID format 12 7 2 4 Marginalia 1 25 000 12 7 2 4 1 MicroStation DGN Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 25 000 MicroStation DGN This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 10 000 marginalia in DGN format DGN parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 2009 70 PHOTOMOD 4 4 12 7 2 4 2 Maplnfo MIF MID Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 25 000 MapInfo MIF MID This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 10 000 marginalia in DGN format MIF MID parameters tab is identical to
32. 2009 x General Additional windows Mouse h Autocentering to marker Jw Fil DEM area IT Calculate DEM errors Save DEM MW Rotate images Jh Paint raster in separate thread Fill holes between cutlines Search for DEM fragments Fig 17 PHOTOMOD Mosaic preferences are located on the following tabs General Autocentering to marker automatically centers window into marker position on the image after image zoom in out Fill DEM area shows DTM area as dashed polygon If this option is off just DTM border is displayed Calculate DEM errors is used for calculating errors of DEM created while the orthorectification The errors are differences between source TIN nodes and corresponding DEM cells in Z coordinate After DEM creation appears a window which displays Maximum error Average error and RMS Decreasing a value of the Interpolation cell size parameter see the chapter 6 1 Type of DIM reduces the errors since in this case the DEM describes a source TIN more precisely Save DEM allows to save the DEM created during orthorectification in Surfer ASCII grid format with grd extension in the same folder and the same name as orthoimage The DEM has the same parameters as the orthoimage resolution sampling etc 1 Rotate images turns off on the using of rotation and flipping parameters pre set in PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop module for source images preview Paint raster in separate thread
33. 6 1 DEM types taking into account the ratio between source images and output orthoimage scales For example interpolation cell size 32 source image cell size 0 17 m and the required orthoimage cell size is 0 5 meters The ratio between source and output scales is about 3 so you can draw a cutline at distance 3 32 100 200 pixels from the object edge Sometimes the local adjustment produces bad looking seams or small abnormal brightness or color spots close to seams You should change the cutline position to resolve the first problem The color spots can be removed by adding pins inside them while working with the image in Preview window So open Preview window and put pins inside spot areas using the Insert key The pins are displayed with yellow circles and are selected by mouse click deselected by Esc key and deleted by Del key 25 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Use the option View Local adjustment when Preview and Mosaic windows are opened to display areas where statistical parameters were calculated Areas between images of one strip are green areas between images of separate strips are blue and areas inside single images are yellow This information would help you to view and understand the reason of local brightness unevenness bS PHOTOMOD Mosaic Mosaic preview B Images View Project Mosaic ROIs Service Block scheme Window Help H ealas sala ele
34. 6650 462 65564410 499 0 140 0 074 O 1568 0 945 EMS 0 146 0 059 RE Ee Mean absolute 0 146 0 056 OLS Maximum 0 000 0 074 0 158 Maximum 0 152 0 000 Fig 30 Report on accuracy control on cutlines 12 Building orthomosaic 12 1 Building and viewing orthomosaic Mosaic creation is started by menu command Mosaic Build or by clicking the icon gt of the main icon bar that opens standard OS Windows dialog of output file name selection Save as window In case of splitting the mosaic into sheets if the appropriate option is ON see the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets the dialogue appears allowing you to input file name of output map sheets see the chapter 9 3 Sheet file names 2009 50 PHOTOMOD 4 4 ll la x SH Mosaic Mosaic previe d Images View Project Mosaic ROIs Service Blockscheme Window Help a x Bd EFTS EPT BIBE TE aM bal amfa FF BaS E ele al 2 x install CiPaT E 9 PH_resources La PhStorage Documentation_Radar Ci stereolink glasses La vector_testing File name OrthoM osaic_new Save as type d Image File Format TIFF e Cancel A Selected image sc1690 Qaa ke J Output raster 23059 x 53052 x 24 3583963K X 76 6 149 9 757328 509 Y 219830 729 Fig 31 Selecting output mosaic format The orthomosaic is created in the following output formats selected from drop down list e Tag Image File Format TIFF al
35. Check the option Use polygons for that and select the resource with closed polygons in the window opened by the button PHOTOMOD Please note that TrueOrtho building process is much longer than usual orthorectification Push the Parameters button to open the window used for adjusting the following parameters of embedding of polygon objects into mosaic x Maximum ray angle 45 01 deg Offset 000 A ui Elevation displacement 0 000 IM Cancel Fig 9 Parameters of objects embedding Maximum ray angle sets the maximal angle of beam deflection during survey of polygonal objects The bigger the angle the more area around the object is considered in TrueOrtho algorithm and the more time the algorithm works The farther are the objects from the images centers the bigger the parameter should be Offset use the option if during stereo vectorization of polygonal objects buildings roofs bridges etc the operator draws the line in the center of curb or parapet but for correct algorithm work it is necessary to vectorize the outer border In this case you can turn on this option to shift the line automatically units geodetic coordinates of PHOTOMOD project Elevation displacement allows to shift all polygonal objects up or down in height on this value to avoid constant operator s error in positioning of stereo marker in height 2009 22 PHOTOMOD 4 4 6 2 Orthoimage The Orthoimage tab is used to set up t
36. Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 If necessary the orthophoto marginalia created in scales 1 2 000 and 1 5 000 may be configured in accordance with the requirements of the user To do this use the following commands Mosaic Marginalia 1 2000 MicroStation DGN arbitrary Mosaic Marginalia 1 2000 MapInfo MIF MID arbitrary or Mosaic Marginalia 1 5000 MicroStation DGN arbitrary Mosaic Marginalia 1 5000 MapInfo MIF MID arbitrary In the window that appears you can edit the layout parameters in the appropriate fields Marginalia parameters 1 5000 arbitrary xX Mames Frame parameters wriwm parameters Coordinate grid step 500 0 FA Start import From string External Frame offset 72 0 7 Column with sheets mames External frame width P A Celiac tbat 2 Ka SE k K Internalfexternal Frame layer E K Comp sz p t Column with 2 5 K Coordinates grid layer E K Golum with 43 p K Column with vi P K Golunin with 4 E FA Column with f ts Coordinates grid labels layer e E GE Saliran witty Y E Swap Text layer E t eparators Frames File suffix I Comma P Tabulation frames IY Space P Semicolon Insert names in frames Elsa Type of file with neighbour sheets l E No e I List ecimal separators Det comma Cancel Fig 38 Editing of standard marginalia On the Frame parameters tab besides frame and coord
37. Fe a4 hd Use For mosaic 59 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia 12 7 Mosaic July 25 2009 An option use for mosaic allows turning on and off the use of this data in orthotransformation process Note When the roofs are shifted their initial shapes are filled with the background color of the mosaic Creating marginalia for orthophotomap It is possible to create map frame and marginalia in styles and symbols used in Russian State Land Use Survey in map scales e 1 2000 e 1 5000 e 1 10 000 e 1 25 000 e 1 50 000 for MicroStation and MapInfo systems using the command Mosaic Create marginalia Marginalia contains the following data e Decoration image frame outer bold frame text labels scale segment scheme of sheets names of the negihbor sheets in frame cutouts e Grid coordinate grid lines e Frames frames of all the created sheets Marginalia for MicroStation consists of one DGN file for every orthophot sheet containing Decoration and Grid and a single file for the entire project contaning Frames Marginalia for MapInfo is saved as two Decoration and Grid or three Decoration Grid and Text data MIF MID file pairs per each orthophoto sheet plus single Frames file pair for the entire project 12 7 1 Workflow for creating marginalia Described int this section is the workflow for creating marginalia for MicroStation in 1 2000 map scale symbols After
38. Following sliders CH C located at the bottom of the window are used to set up brightness contrast and gamma respectively for the active image When working with color images there is a possibility to adjust these radiometric parameters separately by channels 17 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 using the buttons EE Right click any slider and select the option Set original BCG correction to restore BCG settings by default Note These settings are memorized and used while output mosaic creation Last 2 icons are intended for ROI creation see the chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing ROI e Ei shows hides ROI on images duplicated by hot keys Alt Z Each cutline and ROI is displayed by different color hatch and labeled by the corresponding image number shows hides DEM to show the entire orthorectification area The lower string of image window consists of three parts with information helpful to estimate the following values of resulting mosaic 6 sheets x 4970 x 4325 x 24 379434K 5426 0 Y 5209 0 4970224 553 Y bd4s482 664 2 155 202 Number of map sheets of resulting mosaic according to the selected parameters see the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets Raster size of resulting mosaic in pixels height and width The last multiplier in this section is number of bits per pixel of mosaic to be created 8 means that resulting image is black and
39. OMOD 4 4 Printe HF Color Laserlet 4550 Fields cm AP Bo Bh PS ar BR Ar PS Title M OS8IC preview Print Cancel Fig 2 Printing options setting Left part of this window allows to set up printing options paper sheet fields printer selecting and its settings using the Options button and also input the title of printed image in the appropriate field You can preview all these settings in preview window in the right part of the window Print map allows to print any active module window with pre setting of print options and splitting the image into sheets Execute PHOTOMOD Dust Correct duplicated by the RI icon of the main icon bar opens a window intended for cleaning mosaic image from artifacts see the chapter 12 3 Orthomosaic editing in Dust Correct application Export DEM boundaries allows to export boundaries of DEM opened in the project into ASCII format of PHOTOMOD system See the format description in PHOTOMOD DTM or PHOTOMOD StereoDraw User Manual Roofs vectorization a tool for outlining roofs of buildings on the source non orthotransformed images and using this information during orthotransformation to shift the roofs to their true positions See chapter 12 6 Roofs vectorization 4 7 Block scheme DI Show duplicated by the EZ icon of the main icon bar opens a block scheme on the screen see the Fig 1 The relative position of the block images corresponds to the so
40. Overview User Manual The tasks for distributed mosaic creation are created in PHOTOMOD Mosaic module by the menu command Mosaic Distributed mosaic For the distributed mosaic creation to be possible the following conditions must be met e PHOTOMOD must be properly setup for the distributed processing on the computer see PHOTOMOD Overview User Manual e Splitting into sheets mode must be set to Regular splitting or Sheets extents from resources see chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets e Mosaic project must not contain unsaved changes i e it must be saved before creating the tasks T1 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 This conditions are checked automatically and if any not met corresponding error message pops up Otherwise if everything is correct the Distributed mosaic creation dialog is brought up H Distributed mosaic creation Mosaic sheets ko build 317 Number of tasks For distributed processing Target Folder fin case of network processing must have UNC Format Woerver SharelFolder Mike3k Shared MosaicTmp ang IT Create Mosaic projects but do not create tasks For distributed processing Overwrite existing sheets cred This dialog contains the following fields Mosaic sheets to build read only information field showing the total quantity of sheets to be created Number of tasks for distributed processing sets th
41. Parameters option to open Parameters dialog consisting of the following tabs 6 1 Type of DTM Type of DTM tab allows you to select a type of relief model used for the orthorectification and also to use breaklines and polygons for mosaic creation 19 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia 6 1 kuch Mosaic July 25 2009 x Type of DTM Orthoinage Brightness adjustment Split into sheets C Constant elevation 136 01 C Convert TIN to DEM TN Po f Control points interpolation DEM PHOTOMOD Import MW Use breaklines PHOTOMOD kd Use polygons PHOTOMUL Parameters Interpolation cell size 32 A hd Use constant for unknowns Cancel Fig Type of DTM tab There are 4 possible choices available Convert TIN to DEM In this case the DEM is built based on TINs computed for each stereopair in PHOTOMOD DTM or PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop see the corresponding User Manuals Use the TIN button Fig 7 to open a window for source TIN selection DEM resolution relatively to the resolution of output orthoimage is defined by Interpolation cell size parameter as follows During orthomosaic creation the source irregular terrain model TIN Triangulated Irregular Network is recalculating automatically to the regular one DEM Digital Elevation Model This DEM is used for orthorectification process Maximum number of cells in DEM is equal to the n
42. T ei Tee e 75 3 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 1 General info Program PHOTOMOD Mosaic is used for orthorectification and mosaicking of images of the source block The output block orthoimage orthomosaic may be also split into quadrangle sheets selected by user As a result of orthorectification process all distortions caused by geometry perspective tilt and relief are removed so that all features in an orthoimage are in their true orthographic positions Created orthomosaic is georeferenced to selected coordinate system and has a cell size defined by user Tools of brightness adjustment and creation of regions of interest ROI fragments of each source image included to the output mosaic are also available Borders of regions of interest are named cutlines 2 Installation and starting of PHOTOMOD Mosaic PHOTOMOD Mosaic is installed along with PHOTOMOD system setup exe file from your installation CD PHOTOMOD Mosaic is not a stand alone program and can be started only from PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop module by main menu command or Project manager or Ctrl M hot keys See corresponding User Manual 3 Recommended procedure of orthomosaic building Prior to orthomosaic creation you should specify block boundaries output sheets size orthophoto pixel size map scale as well as output file format and georeference type Digital elevation model DEM on t
43. a Names Frame parameters OSM parameters innear uniks Identifications LZ symbols mas Units ratio Master Units MO fmu MUSU 100 Sub Units SU ju SUDGH Pos Units D ts rigin Auto selection A Z op A op 4 jo o00 ei 2009 64 PHOTOMOD 4 4 DGN parameters tab The tab is used for setting standard DGN v7 parameters e Names for MU and SU units e Ratios MU SU and SU Pos Units e Origin of coordinates in a file automatic selection or manual setting 12 7 2 1 2 MapInfo MIF MID Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 2000 MapInfo MIF MID This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN format xi Mames Frame parameters MIF MID parameters User units Mo Decoration file suffix Lier Grid File suffix Lag Neighbor sheets op the frame Labels in separate file Cancel MIF MID parameters tab e User units field specifies the name of the units of measurement in the MIF MID file e Decoration file suffix and Grid file suffix fields specify the lines which are appended to the base name of the sheet to obtain separate files with corresponding data e Neighbour sheets on the frame option allows along with the scheme of sheets in
44. ated QMO a 121 sheets x 1496 x 1683 x 24 892529K x 314 0 Y 192 0 x 4970661 780 6443962 290 2 130 000 Fig 24 Preview of splitting into map sheets 2009 42 PHOTOMOD 4 4 When the button D Sheet extents is pushed click the selected sheet in preview image and it will be bounded by yellow frame and its file name will be displayed under preview window Its Status parameter can be one of two choices to be created to be skipped The lower string of the window Status shows the number of map sheets and a volume of resulting mosaic in kilobytes Frame of a sheet to be created is green and of a sheet to be skipped red To include exclude selected mosaic sheet from processing change its status use mouse double click in preview window You can select and include exclude a group of map sheets to from output mosaic on preview image by the following ways e When using regular or by images splitting on map sheets see the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets you can include exclude sheet s group by frame using mouse along with Shift key pressed For that click sheet in a corner of group its border becomes yellow then click opposite corner of a group along with Shift key pressed If the first sheet selected was excluded from output mosaic the whole group of sheets will be excluded either e When using custom sheets created using the option Sheets extents from resources see the chapter 9 Splitting m
45. by the building height and distance of the building from nadir point of the image If further processing of the orthophoto is planned involving vectorization of the building by its roof it is necessary to shift the roofs to their true position on surface In order to solve the task a tool Roofs vectorization was introduced inside the PHOTOMOD Mosaic module which permits outlining the roofs of the buildings on the source images and then use this information to shift the roofs to their true position To use this tool one should activate a window with a source image and the execute menu command Service Roofs vectorization This brings up a window with the same name containing the list of all roofs already digitized displaying for each roof the order number the height of the roof in the coordinate system of the project not the building height and the number of vertices of the polygon describing the roof 57 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 d Images View Project ROIs Mosaic Service Block scheme Window Help x LO ESCHER Geet SGBS ALSS Q gt Im pa Elsa j 7 bn HI SE H E 7 ech D S ae 79 490 73 684 PETE Ta arz 39 971 101 679 KI Editing polygons describing the roofs is fully identical to editing regions of interest see chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing Regions of Interest To set the roof height it is necessary to right click the Roofs
46. ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 30 SE eet el ue SS TEE 33 SE E e 33 7 Import Of PHOTOMOD Mosaic project exeseegeeeerkeseeueutegeeEeNEEESREEEEESSEEEKEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEESEEENEESENEEen 36 D IOS AIG EC 37 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets cccseeeeeeeeeeeeecenseeseenseeeeeeseeseeaseeseoasseesoeseesooaseeseonssessonneeess 39 d DN ei ali el parameters EE 40 9 2 Splitting LEE 42 23 ONCE e NaM S riaa Deeg 43 9 4 Load sheet coordinates from the text file 00nn0annonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnrrsrrrnrrnrrsrresrrrrrrerrsrrrerrrerrene 44 10 DEM with variable resolution eege eege 46 11 Orthorectification accuracy control ssassssnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnmnnn nnmnnn 47 Tei MON Cle MENON OOIINS EE 47 d WC ee E UW EEN 49 12 Building Mela ee nu e E Ceemmse ee nem mee ee Mnns Oe te tle Onna ee E 50 12 1 Building and viewing orthomosaic sannnannnnnnennnannnnnnnnnsnnnennnnrnerernnnnrrnnrnnrrnnrrnrrnnrrsnrnnrrnnrrnnnne 50 12 2 Building orthomosaic for the block fragment cccccceececseececeeeeeceeeeeeeeceseueesseeeesseeeseaeesenes 53 12 3 Orthomosaic editing in Dust Correct application na0nnnnannnennnnnnnnennnnnnnnnrnnennnnrrnenrnsnrrsnrnneni 53 2009 2 PHOTOMOD 4 4 12 4 Measurements Over OrthOMOSAIC cccccccceececeeeeee ceca eeeeeeeseeeseeeeseueeseeesseeseueeseueeseeessneesaneess 56 12 5 Loading orthomosaic
47. changing in all spectral channels at the same time Trim off percent allows to exclude corresponding percent of image area along the orthomosaic sides from processing because there are auxiliary signs marks etc Density coefficient sets the amount of tie points on the edges of mosaic which are used for adjustment Lack of these points leads to brightness anomalies when moving away from the cutlines Excess number of tie points causes the brightness un adjustment along the cutlines Note Changing these parameters is recommended just for experienced users Note Since local adjustment parameters depend on cut lines location then any cutlines change results in recalculation of the parameters when you start mosaic or preview building 21 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Note It is recommended to exclude from the mosaic each second image in every strip when using local brightness adjustment Obviously it Is necessary to have triple overlap greater than 50 percent between images in this case If you get message Interpolation model building error during mosaic creation it means that local brightness adjustment has been done incorrectly and you should change the Contrast coefficient parameter as described above or correct cutlines Additional recommendations In most cases the local brightness adjustment procedure provides satisfactory results But if you wan
48. delimited by comma or space Beside triangulation points visualization on mosaic if the EI icon is pushed and automatic errors calculating on them see the chapter 11 Orthorectification accuracy control you can also load additional control points using menu command ROls Import and import them from DXF ASCII CSV or TXT file format Then you can measure distances between control points and corresponding terrain features on the orthomosaic These shifts of points position are shown in preview window as red color error vectors 2009 56 PHOTOMOD 4 4 12 5 Loading orthomosaic You can load and view previously created orthomosaic using menu command Mosaic Open or the icon or hot keys Ctrl Alt O from the following formats e Tag Image File Format TIFF selected folder should contain tiff file with mosaic and also georeference file with the same name see the chapter 14 Georeference file e Windows Bitmap File BMP VectOr SIT RSW MTW raster format of PHOTOMOD VectOr system see the chapter 13 Export of orthomosaic to PHOTOMOD VectOr IMG raster format of ERDAS system NITF JPEG GIF PNG USGS DEM DEM 12 6 Roofs vectorization Traditionally orthophotos are created using elevation model of the surface But in case of city scape processing the roofs of tall buildings on the resulting orthophoto may be shifted from their true position foundation The magnitude of this shift is determined
49. dinates of objects vertices are swapped The Separators panel is used to select the symbols that separate fields in the CSV file comma and space are selected as separators by default Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 12 7 2 1 4 Maplnfo MIF MID arbitrary Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 2000 Mapinfo MIF MID arbitrary This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN arbitrary format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN arbitrary format MIF MID parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in MIF MID format 67 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 12 7 2 2 Marginalia 1 5000 12 7 2 2 1 MicroStation DGN Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 5000 MicroStation DGN This command brings up a dialog box with parameters which is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN format 12 7 2 2 2 MapInfo MIF MID Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 5000 MapInfo MIF MID This command brings up a dialog box with parameters which
50. e but also as a text string There may be chosen one of the following Type of file with neighbor sheets values e No names of the neighbor sheets are calculated automatically based on the SK 42 topomaps nomenclature e Scheme a CSV file is used as the scheme file which contains only the sheet names in accordance with the sheets topology Row numbers correspond to north south direction Column numbers correspond to west south direction For example P 54 76 B 6 1 P 54 76 B 6 2 P 54 76 B 6 3 P 54 76 B 6 4 e List file in the CSV format containing description of one sheet in each line The line should contain the name of the sheet and the eight coordinates of four vertices of sheet For example P 54 76 B 6 3 1848 0 824 0 5848 0 824 0 5848 0 4824 0 1848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 4 5848 0 824 0 9848 0 824 0 9848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 1 1848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 5848 0 8824 0 1848 0 8824 0 P 54 76 B 6 2 5848 0 4824 0 9848 0 4824 0 9848 0 8824 0 5848 0 8824 0 Start import from string option causes the import process to start from the given line in the file skipping the previous lines Column with sheets names number of CSV column which contains the names of the sheets Column with X1 Column with X4 Column with Y1 Column with Y4 parameters define the numbers of CSV columns which contain corresponding coordinates of the sheets corners e Swap X Y if this option is checked then during import X and Y coor
51. e sheets are stored after orthophoto creation Files of map sheets have the same format as the mosaic which is not divided into sheets see the chapter 12 1 Building and viewing orthomosaic 9 4 Load sheet coordinates from the text file To load coordinates of sheet borders from a text file select Sheets extents from resources option at the Split into sheets tab While working in this mode you cannot change splitting parameters the Parameters button is inactive since full splitting information is stored in the text file You can also import sheets coordinates by clicking the Import button It allows to import file with map sheets borders in the following formats txt Jet dxf MIF MID or Left Bottom Right Top txt kind of CSV format where sheets borders are stored as sheets frame coordinates west south east north At that you can change coordinate system from left to right handed or vice versa by checking the option Swap X Y When importing sheets from MIF MID format you can import sheets names from attribute Input attribute name ID or Orto containing names of map sheets to be imported in the Attribute with sheet names field in window of import parameters x Type of DTM Orthoimage Brightness adjustment Split into sheets CC Nope Regular splitting Ce Sheets extents from resources jw Remove sheets out of project ee a e C By images Parameters Sheet lst Bile names Sheets import D L1 mif
52. e depending on the influence of the changes on the result Figures 17 and 19 show the results for Number of fragments equal to 32 fig 18 and 20 when number of fragments is 64 Settings on the Local adjustment parameters Edges tab Local adjustment parameters Brightness additio Top side 0 0 A Lett side Right side 0 0 A o o Ki Bottom side o o K Density coefficient Trim off percent 2 0 Ki Fig 22 Local adjustment parameters on edges For satellite images Trim off percent should be set to 0 Generic workflow should be as follows before creating output mosaic check if local adjustment has activated as described then choose a pair of images with different radiometric characteristics and create a sample mosaic covering only their overlapping area in order to make sure the adjustment works correctly There is no need making all the overlapping area covered by the squares It is enough to have several for each overlap further increase of the quantity of the squares does not lead to any noticeable quality increase 6 4 Splitting into sheets Process of output mosaic splitting into map sheets is described in details in the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets 6 5 Preferences The Preferences window Fig 17 opens by the SA icon of the main button bar or the menu command Service Preferences 33 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25
53. e in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 2009 68 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Marginalia parameters 1 10000 8 i X Names Frame parameters po parameters Coordinate grid step 1000 0 FA Frames File suffix frames External Frame offset Delete first letter Type of file with neighbour sheets e No Cxema List Coordinates grid labels layer Text layer f A ee Start import From string Rename to work number Column with sheets names Add sheet work name E e M T p M File with sheets mames Column with 2 k M Column with Y2 E K Goalunin with a k H Goluma with 1 r d Column with sheets names Colurnm with 4 k H Sege p Ki Column with work mames P Swap External Frame width 36 5 FA Internalfexternal Frame layer Es OS KS GC 5 Coordinates grid layer eparators eparators I comma D Tabulation M comma P Tabulation Space E Semicolon Space semicolon _ Others P others ecimal separators M Dot comma Frame parameters tab e Coordinate grid step specifies the distance between the lines of grid on marginalia e External frame offset specifies the indentation of external thickened frame from the frame along the outer edges of the corresponding image e External frame width specifies thickness of external thickened frame e Internal external frame layer Coordinates grid layer Coordinates grid labels layer and Text layer specify the lay
54. e number of tasks for processing which should be created Each task contains creation of an integer number of sheets and is executed by single Mosaic process Number of tasks lays in range from 1 to the total quantity of mosaic sheets It is recommended to set this number something higher than the total maximum number of simultaneously executing tasks in the network which is displayed in the status panel of the Computers groupbox of the State monitoring window Target folder output folder where the output sheets should be saved If more than one computer is used for processing and it is required that all sheets are saved in one folder the path must be given in UNC format i e Computer Share Path Otherwise if the folder is specified like C SomeFolder the output sheets will be saved in C SomeFolder folder of each computer involved In some cases such capability may be useful Create Mosaic projects but do not create tasks for distributed processing an auxiliary feature which may be used if it is necessary just to split Mosaic project into several subprojects containing approximately equal number of sheets If this option is checked no tasks for distributed processing are created instead in the resource folder where the source Mosaic project is saved the given number of new projects is created having names in the form lt source project name gt _pp_ lt num gt where num ranges from 1 to the value of Number of tasks field Overwrite exi
55. ed start mosaicking in a standard way by clicking the gt icon or menu command Mosaic Build This mode is useful for quick visual results control on small mosaic portions Orthomosaic editing in Dust Correct application After orthophoto building you can clean the artifacts there images of dust particles photo emulsion defects etc For this purpose you can use special application Dust Correct which opens by pushing the icon K in main menu of PHOTOMOD Mosaic module Note Dust Correct application works with the images in Windows BMP and Stripped SingleScale TIFF formats without compression If you try to open the image of any other format it will open in read only mode Open the image selected from the list appeared after clicking main menu command File al Open image or the hot keys Ctrl O or pushing the icon For the convenient search of the artifact zoom in the initial image by the hot key for instance and find the defect using panning the image by hot keys Alt mouse or by the keyboard Shift keyboard arrows Then select the fragment containing not only artifact but also an image part with similar texture for substitute cleaning the image ka 53 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia PHOTOMOD DustCorrect D PH_resources 3block tif File Parameters Window Help U Gier OI EWL amp PHOTOMOD DustCorrect D PH_resources 3bl
56. ed in accordance with corresponding parameters of selected reference image Use red arrow buttons for the image selection The option Use only overlapping areas causes using only overlapping image areas for the brightness adjustment In this case it is recommended to select an image from the middle part of the block as a reference one However in case of abnormal brightness fluctuations trends you can face a problem of smooth increasing or reducing of the brightness from the reference image to the block edges So it s nota recommended option for such kind of data Local brightness adjustment The local adjustment of image brightness applies some brightness transformation along cutlines of images that are merged into mosaic with a smoothing going down to the image central point and mosaic edges During this process the brightness additive component and contrast multiplicative component of initial images are changed at the same time Use the Local adjustment panel on the Brightness adjustment tab on the Parameters window to setup the process parameters There are some suggestions for creating cutlines for local brightness adjustment it is recommended to draw cutlines along the borders of uniform color objects but at some offset from it to avoid border blurring when using the Seams feathering option see the chapter 6 3 Brightness adjustment The offset size should be about one two Interpolation cell sizes see the chapter
57. ed sheets to be orthorectified and the information about each separate sheet file name border and status create orthoimage not create orthoimage see Fig 22 2009 40 PHOTOMOD 4 4 en 15 x ee BAOS_ SS tit b443393 005 6444479 223 4970083 758 4971178 475 10245 s 10231 RDS D tif IGAACHDD 004 b444527 425 A969 725 941 4970757 347 9706 9655 FAS 585 tit 6443522 199 6444536 666 4969335 265 4970351 584 9491 s 9517 R10_505 tif B44292544 6445926 553 4570103 49 4971106 194 9373 s 9371 R10_50 tif 6442939 025 6443926 775 4569715 556 4970703 072 9250 v 9195 R10_507 tif b44946 005 6445947 017 4569316 65 4970321 27 9347 x 9370 Sheets fall selected 6 l amp E Fig 22 In this window you can change the sheet status create skip by checking clearing the check box in Create column For editing of file name of selected sheet push the button Di change sheet name and input new name in the window appeared For editing of selected sheet name you can use the following keys F2 to start editing Enter to save new name Esc to cancel changing If you need to change all sheets names push the button kal rename created sheets which opens a window intended for renaming of all mosaic sheets in the following way Sheets renaming X jhice_mosaic Base sheets name First sheet number irst sheet Row number From bottom Col number rom left e
58. ee PHOTOMOD AT and PHOTOMOD Solver User Manuals DTM used for the orthorectification is build from XYZ points in three different ways selected in the window opened by the Model button e Auto recommended e Smooth model smooth polynomial surface is built by source XYZ points e TIN triangulated irregular network is built by the source XYZ points using Delaunay criterion Type of DTM x Ce Auto C Smooth model TIN 6 1 4 External DEM This method uses external DEM as a model of relief Mark the DEM check box to select DEM file of the following formats e Internal PHOTOMOD format the PHOTOMOD button DEM as a resource of PHOTOMOD system The DEM is created in PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop or PHOTOMOD DTM module for the whole images block See the appropriate User Manuals You can select DEM not only from the current project resources but from other projects e External formats the Import button o PHOTOMOD version 3 0 3 11 format dem extension o ASCII GRD format of the Surfer system grd extension o ASCII GRID format of the Arc INFO system grd extension o GeoTIFF DEM format with tif extension o USGS DEM format with dem extension Specify the DEM format number of bytes per pixel in import parameters window Text field Interpolation cell size displays a value of the ratio between DEM and the output orthomosaic cell sizes Thus if the DEM resolution is 2 meters per cell and the mosaic resolut
59. efile format In this format georeferencing information is stored in separate file with dof extension The only raw from dbf table corresponds to each vector object Prior to import select the column and its values are used as a name root Then user could add prefix and suffix to the name H DBF iew DA FORMATS Malavsky _test dbf IMAGE_NUMIC EEE d 5 Uma Zb D til eo Liriano tr tit 21 Uirnaned_tr tif 6 oc 1 L 10 ttt D 20 tit E g203 hu o e ch l gl 6 tr tit glag tr ti g140_tre2 tif al42_ n uma 2 tr tik umas d In EE Cm oi Fig 4 If the ROIs coordinates are stored in geographic coordinate system latitude longitude turn ON the option Use Lat Lon and select necessary units degrees or radians After import completing a message about images number and referenced ROI s appears Export ROPs to files Regions of interest and cutlines could be exported to DXF Shapefile and MIF MID formats using menu command ROIs Export ROPs or ROIs Export cutlines If during export ROI s should be referenced to coordinate system with latitude and longitude axes and degrees or radians units then turn on the option Use Lat Lon for their correct export and then select appropriate Linear units During export of ROPs or cutlines into MIF MID format the name of image where containing a cutline is exported to NAME attribute that allows to show it in the attribute s table in MapInfo software afte
60. er numbers in DGN file on which the relevant information is placed e Rename to work number option causes renaming of the sheet trapezoid name in the upper right corner and in the cut out of external thickened frame to the work number This requires the CSV file having both names of the sheets the column number is defined by a column with the nomenclature parameter and work numbers the columns number is defined by the column with numbers of trapezoid parameter e Add sheet work name option causes appending the work number of trapezoid to name of the sheet in parentheses at the top right corner of marginalia For example P 54 76 B b 1 gt P 54 76 B b 1 49 e Frames file suffix specifies a text line attached to the base sheet name to get the combined file name with all created sheets frames e Delete first letter of nomenclature option causes deleting the first symbol in the nomenclature of the sheet For example P 54 76 B b 1 gt 54 76 B b 1 There may be chosen one of the following Type of file with neighbor sheets values e No names of the neighbor sheets are calculated automatically based on the SK 42 topomaps nomenclature e Scheme a CSV file is used as the scheme file which contains only the sheet names in accordance with the sheets topology Row numbers correspond to north south direction Column numbers correspond to west south direction For example P 54 76 B 6 1 P 54 76 B 6 2 P 54 76 B 0 3 P 54 76 B 6 4
61. f output orthoimage using the window opened by pushing the button Change Work in this window is described in the appropriate chapter of PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop User Manual e Rotation angle allows to rotate output mosaic It is helpful when initial images block has elongated shape and you need to cut unnecessary background in rectangle window of resulting mosaic e Set background color as transparent when saving the resulting mosaic in MapInfo format selected in Georeference file drop down list you can set the background color which will be shown in MapInfo system as transparent e Replace background color allows to change color of pixels located inside mosaic image to avoid pixels on orthophoto with the same color as its background e Save georeference as NonEarth when saving the resulting mosaic in MapInfo format selected in Georeference file drop down list allows you to save georeference as NonEarth coordinate system Used if MapInfo system does not support coordinate system of PHOTOMOD project 6 3 Brightness adjustment The Brightness adjustment panel is used for radiometric correction of source images in order to produce seamless output mosaic Global adjustmen C None C By average brightness iY Use only overlapping areas Ge By selected image wth DU GO li Local adjustmen L Dn Parameters h Seams feathering I Use brightness pre carection Cancel Fig 11 Brightness adjustmen
62. f the window The following parameters are shown for each point point type image name where the point is located X Y and XY residuals Besides at the end of the table there are the following total parameters RMS maximum maximum deviations and mean absolute which allow to estimate the orthomosaic accuracy BER Hi d 07 February 005 12 3 15 Ortchomosaic precision control Block name Airborne survey shlock Images in mosaic 18 Cell size 0 168 mi Residials N Type 1210 GCP 1220 GCP 1240 GCP 1250 GCP 1260 GCP 1270 GCP 1291 GCP 3194 GCP 3196 GCP 3197 GCP 319 CH D ID Image scles4 scl6es 521693 521699 521699 Sc ZU aci ZO scl 06 aci F scles scl oe A ki DOUD OM CO Fig 28 Orthomosaic accuracy control report window Eos Push the B Save icon to save this information to the text file or use the icon Print to print it You can also change report s font the Al button or close this window without saving to file the DI button Since the orthorectification process works with the regular surface model DEM but the source relief model is TIN in case of model type Convert TIN to DEM see the chapter 6 1 Type of DTM the accuracy of the output orthoimage also depends on the accuracy of DEM TIN conversion To estimate the DEM TIN conversion errors turn ON the option Calculate DEM errors on tab Service Preferences General see the chapter 6 5 P
63. for example 4 4 Regions of Interest This menu is used to create regions of interest ROI see the chapter 5 2 Creating regions of interest ROIs are fragments of each source image included to the output mosaic The menu includes the following items e ROls editor duplicated by the E icon of the main icon bar opens additional button bar used for creating and editing of Regions of interest See the chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing regions of interest e Trim off images edges duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar used to change a size of rectangular default ROIs See the chapter 5 2 1 Default regions of interest e Polygon amp rectangle converts selected ROI to the rectangle for the current image In this case the ROI becomes available for editing as described in the chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing regions of interest e Polygon lt rectangle for all the same operation for all images e Load pre regions loads pre regions created in PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop module as cutlines see the corresponding User Manual e Autobuilding automatic ROI creation on selected image e Delete all ROIs cancels ROIs creation and shows default ROIs See the chapter 5 2 1 Regions of interest by default e Cutlines accuracy report allows to create a report on accuracy control on cutlines see the chapter 10 2 On cutlines e Update cutlines on neighbor images duplicated by the speeds up update of cutli
64. g Alt Z hot keys In this case all BCG settings will affect only the selected image Note These settings are memorized and used for output mosaic creation In the preview window the following main menu icons are used t e opens hides a window for specifying the Images order for including fragments of sources images into output mosaic in the overlapping area see the chapter 6 3 2 1 Additional recommendations e Ei duplicated by Alt Z hot keys shows hides regions of interest in preview and output mosaic windows E shows hides sheet borders if output mosaic is divided into map sheets the appropriate option is ON in Splitting into sheets tab of Parameters window see the chapter 9 Splitting mosaic into map sheets SE e shows hides DTM area H shows hides triangulation points If you start precision control operation Mosaic Accuracy control command or the icon S see the chapter 11 Orthorectification accuracy control you can select a point in the list and it will be also selected on the image Select a rectangular area in the Preview window to orthorectify only a corresponding portion of the source block of images Use mouse move along with pressed Shift key to draw a rectangle on the image The polygon can be resized by dragging special marks on its sides or moved by dragging See also the chapter 12 2 Building orthomosaic for the block fragment 2009 38 PHOTOMOD 4 4 9 Splitting mosaic into map s
65. ges compression panel are used to compress the output mosaic image Check the JPEG compression of TIFF files box and use the Image quality 0 100 slider if you want to apply the compression The default value of compression quality is 75 usually it causes the 5 7 times compression Background color used to set a color of orthoimage background since it always inscribes into a rectangular raster Following options of background color are provided Black White Other the last one opens standard OS Windows dialog of color selection In case of grayscale output selected color is replaced by corresponding grayscale value with the same intensity Resampling method allows to choose brightness interpolation mode for orthomosaic creation bilinear cubic and nearest neighbour 23 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 e Georeference file allows to select the format of the additional file created along with output orthomosaic and containing the information for mosaic referencing to coordinate system See the chapter 14 Georeference file e Swap X Y allows to swap output mosaic coordinates if necessary e Create georeference only allows to create just georeference file without building the mosaic They are saved to the path selected into file format indicated in the Georeference file drop down list e Output coordinate system allows to change coordinate system o
66. ght angle or draw the cutline on some distance not less than one and a half interpolation cell size in pixels from the boundary 4 Re draw the cutlines over alternating areas on the image with different color or draw it in parallel with the objects boundary but on some distance from it to avoid abnormally bright areas on the resulting orthoimage when local adjustment option is ON see p 3 5 The local adjustment works in such a way that images of each strip are adjusted first and on the second step the strips are inter adjusted So the best situation is when ROIs borders inside every strip are continuous and the strips have some overlapping area See also the chapter 6 3 3 Additional recommendations Creating and editing Regions of Interest Usually ROIs are created on each source image loading one by one It is convenient to have on the screen two three windows with adjacent images of the source block see the chapter 4 1 Images To view a block fragment around the current image open block scheme using Ao the command Window Block scheme or click the icon fatal see the chapter 4 6 Block scheme ROls are created using cutlines editor which opens by the icon or command ROI ROIs editor While adding ROIs you should create them with overlap to avoid holes on the output orthomosaic For this purpose it is useful to see ROIs from adjacent images on the current one push the icon Ei of the main panel or press h
67. gulation points in preview or mosaic window duplicated by EI icon Local adjustment in preview or mosaic window turns on off small rectangles marking the places where local brightness adjustment statistics was taken see the chapter 6 3 2 Local brightness adjustment DEM shows hides schematic DEM created in PHOTOMOD DTM module duplicated by ee icon Show in all windows shows hides all abovementioned objects in all windows source images preview and mosaic 4 3 Project This menu is used to work with Mosaic project PHOTOMOD system resource which stores all settings such as brightness contrast and gamma of images regions of interest and parameter values Project menu consists of the following options New restores all preview and mosaic building settings into initial ones without module exit that allows to create new Mosaic project Open duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar opens a window for selecting PHOTOMOD resource with mosaic project for loading Allows also to open the project from backup copy if the appropriate option is selected see the chapter 6 5 Preferences Save duplicated by the ES icon of the main icon bar opens a window for selecting PHOTOMOD resource name for mosaic project saving Save as opens a window for selecting PHOTOMOD resource name for mosaic project saving with name different from initial Import allows to import several PHOTOMOD Mosaic projects into a c
68. he block is usually built in PHOTOMOD DTM module and could be used for orthorectification process In this case TIN with linked breaklines also is used as input data Make the following operations to create orthomosaic 1 Build DEM in PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop module with cell size multiple to the input mosaic cell size Recommended ratio between these values Interpolation cell size is 20 40 For example if you need to create orthoimage with pixel size 0 3 m you should assign interpolation cell size to 20 Then assign cell size for DEM building to 6 m South and west DEM boundaries should be assigned to appropriate block boundaries After that start DEM building icon in Project manager or using Ctrl M hot keys or menu command Modules Mosaic Open Parameters window in PHOTOMOD Mosaic module main panel icon a or menu command Mosaic Parameters Setup Cell size parameter on Orthoimage tab and select the DEM option on Type of DTM tab see the chapter 6 1 4 External DEM Then check the parameter Interpolation cell size on the same tab it equals 20 in this case and the value is unavailable for changing If initial images contain the objects which are considerably towering over the relief bridges for instance you should load 3D vectors describing them and turn on the option Use breaklines Type of DTM tab Otherwise such objects could be deformed on orthomosaic Also it is necessary to build the vectors into initial TIN
69. he following parameters x Type of OTM Orthoimage Brightness adjustment Split into sheets Cell size 0107 Im Calculate Create MS TIFF Scale TIFF BMP Grayscale output Orthoimage compression TIFF JPEG compression Image quality 7522 Background color Resamling method Georeference file Black z Bilinear Mapinto TAE IT Swap es Create georeference only Output coordinate system Dekaproba nepag Change Rotation angle o o A Ideal IT Set background color as transparent Replace background color Save georeference as Non arth Cancel Fig 10 Cell size this text field is used to enter the size of the orthoimage cell on the ground This parameter should be specified in units shown in brackets By default the cell size is equal to the cell size of the first image of mosaic project The Calculate button opens a dialog used to set an orthoimage size in pixels and recalculate its cell size accordingly The Scale TIFF BMP button opens a dialog used to calculate print size and resolution according to the resulting mosaic scale input by the user Create MS TIFF used to create pyramid image of output mosaic inside TIFF or GeoTIFF file created that allows to speed up the image zooming Grayscale output this check box is active only when at least one of the original images is an RGB one Set it on to convert the output image to grayscale Options in the Output ima
70. heets Output mosaic could be divided into map sheets Use the tab Mosaic Parameters Split into sheets Fig 20 to specify splitting parameters x Type of OTM Orthoimage Brightness adjustment split into sheets CC None C Regular splitting Ce Sheets extents from resources Iw Remove sheets out of project Lie eeeet C By images Parameters Sheet list File names Fig 20 Use the following ways to split output mosaic into sheets Regular splitting select the option Regular splitting and specify splitting parameters see the chapter 9 1 Splitting parameters At that the whole orthoimage is divided into sequential map sheets according to the parameters selected Sheets extents from resources select the option Sheets extents from resources and load sheet borders from PHOTOMOD system resources in the window opened by the button ea or import them from external formats txt Ist dxf or MIF MID using the window opened by the Import button as well as from CSV format using the window opened by the CSV button See the chapter 9 4 Load sheet coordinates from the text file By images borders of images are used as borders of orthophoto sheets if the option By images is selected At that each initial image of mosaic project is considered as map sheet Since each sheet contains the only image the whole process could be considered as batch orthorectification of separate images Orthophotos for each sheet are
71. higher you have to select the areas for more accurate mosaic creation The areas could be selected by clicking the icon E on the cutlines editor panel W see the chapter 5 2 4 Creating and editing Regions of Interest In that case the DEM with variable resolution will be applied to different areas that allows to optimize the mosaic s creating 2009 46 PHOTOMOD 4 4 11 Orthorectification accuracy control 11 1 By triangulation points PHOTOMOD Mosaic allows you to control an accuracy of the orthorectification process it calculates the residuals in X and Y coordinates for ground control check targeted and tie points To view the residuals select menu command Mosaic Accuracy control or click the icon H of the main icon bar As a result the following window opens pis PHOTOMOD Mosaic Preview 2 1 R Images View Project Mosaic ROIs Service Blockscheme Window Help l x DI SES glaa slislis ai ls SU M Bisa SE Baccucac control a Ee ue E S Points used 46 VIn use only lt IMM RMS x 7 012 Y 5 804 xY 9 102 Maz x 28 391 T 26 938 ad 39 138 Output raster 1556 x 1795 x 24 8183K k 13 5 172 8 x 4970639 770 6442967 290 Fig 27 Accuracy control window In this window you can view X and Y residuals for each point as well as RMS error for all points and maximum X and Y residuals You can exclude point from RMS and Maximum calculations by clearing of check box in the Use
72. inate grid properties you may select a file to load data on the nomenclature of neighborhood sheets which should be shown at each of the 4 sides of the sheet frame In order to do this in Type of file with neighbor sheets panel specify the path to the file containing neighborhood sheets nomenclature list and set up the import parameters in the left panel There may be chosen one of the following Type of file with neighbor sheets values e No names of the neighbor sheets are calculated automatically based on the SK 42 topomaps nomenclature e Scheme a CSV file is used as the scheme file which contains only the sheet names in accordance with the sheets topology Row numbers correspond to north south direction Column numbers correspond to west south direction For example P 54 76 B P 54 76 B 6 1 P 54 76 B 6 2 6 3 P 54 76 B 6 4 e List file in the CSV format containing description of one sheet in each line The line should contains the name of the sheet and the eight coordinates of four vertices of sheet For example P 54 76 B 6 3 1848 0 824 0 5848 0 824 0 5848 0 4824 0 1848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 4 5848 0 824 0 9848 0 824 0 9848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 P 54 76 B 6 1 1848 0 4824 0 5848 0 4824 0 5848 0 8824 0 1848 0 8824 0 2009 62 PHOTOMOD 4 4 P 54 76 B 6 2 5848 0 4824 0 9848 0 4824 0 9848 0 8824 0 5848 0 8824 0 12 7 2 Marginalia parameters This section contains detailed description of marginalia creation parameters
73. ion is 0 2 meters per cell the parameter value is 10 You can increase this value to speed up the orthorectification process In this case DEM is resampled accordingly with some reducing of orthorectification accuracy See also the chapter 10 DEM with variable resolution 21 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 If you setup cell size less than 8 for mosaic projects covering huge territory it does not increase orthorectification accuracy distinctly but output orthomosaic will be created much longer That is why when you try to create a mosaic cell size less than 8 you get a warning message Use constant for unknowns parameter allows you to use a value set in the Constant elevation for the holes cells with unknown elevation value in the DEM If DEM used for mosaic building consists of several parts you are recommended to turn ON the option Search for DEM fragments on tab General in Preferences window see the chapter 6 5 Preferences to find and load separate DEM fragments You can also use vector objects created in other PHOTOMOD modules for output mosaic building turning ON the option Use breaklines Push the PHOTOMOD button and select necessary resource in opened window If you created closed vector objects over the ground surface in PHOTOMOD project buildings roofs for example you may include these objects into output orthoimage and get some prototype of TrueOrtho
74. is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in MIF MID format 12 7 2 2 3 MicroStation DGN arbitrary Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 5000 MicroStation DGN arbitrary This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN arbitrary format DGN parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format 12 7 2 2 4 MapInfo MIF MID arbitrary Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 5000 Mapinfo MIF MID arbitrary This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in DGN format Frame parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia in DGN arbitrary format MIF MID parameters tab is identical to the one in the parameters dialog for 1 2000 marginalia standard in MIF MID format 12 7 2 3 Marginalia 1 10 000 12 7 2 3 1 MicroStation DGN Marginalia is created using the menu command Mosaic Create Marginalia 1 10 000 MicroStation DGN This command brings up the following dialog box with parameters Names tab is identical to the on
75. ize pix Min correlation coefficient 0 9 Min Fragment RMS l Min distance between points 1 0 Step along cutlines pix l W Make correlation peak more precise Fig 29 Parameters of accuracy control by cutlines a Fragment size pix size of orthophotomosaic fragments built using current settings of PHOTOMOD Mosaic DEM pixel size etc Search area size pix maximal supposed size of mutual discrepancy used during search Min correlation coefficient minimal value of correlation function under which fragments from adjacent images are considered of the same name Min fragment RMS minimal value of RMS of fragments brightness under which the fragments are considered as nonhomogeneous background water surface etc i e Suitable for comparison Min distance between points minimal distance between fragments to be compared located on the adjacent cutlines Step along cutlines pix step along cutlines in pixels The less the value the more points are included to the report but the more time is consumed for search 49 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 DI x D SAS 20 November 2007 15 29 37 Mosaic precision control Block name New zealand Images in mosaic 16 Cell size O 179 ifm Residials M Image 1 Images a H Ex Ey Exy COrE 1 ETT 676 2568730 039 6564575 971 0 152 0 039 0 157 0 95 E br 676 2558
76. l gr eeleildel ae Tea Bel l l x l l x i te ZE L Ka SE P Le ch d Xe eee i ka ih A wt d Sech z D 4 No selected images qaa EEr p Output raster 3078 x 3651 x 24 32923K x 260 0 203 0 62063 698 Y 45660 085 Fig 12 Local brightness adjustment in preview window Local brightness parameters are adjusting in appropriate window opened by the Parameters button on two tabs Base contains parameters influencing on brightness inside images and between them and Edges contains parameters influencing on brightness of external orthomosaic borders Local adjustment parameters X Base Edges Fragment size Inner points ES ts fi ts Number of fragments Contrast coefficient Brightness addition in inner point Along strip log ts Glo ts Abt ts Between strips log ts Glo ts Abt ts Fig 13 Base parameters 2009 26 PHOTOMOD 4 4 On Base tab Fragment size a size of image fragments of the same name used for creating of model of local brightness adjustment The bigger fragment size the better adjustment but the slower processing Number of fragments number of fragments of the same name rectangular regions of the image containing identical regions of two or more images located on each image The greater the number the better adjustment but the slower the process of parameters calculation and orthomosaic creation Numbe
77. lows to save output mosaic with or without JPEG compression depending on the option in Mosaic Parameters Orthoimage window see the chapter 6 2 Orthoimage e Windows Bitmap File BMP e VectOr format see the chapter 13 Export orthomosaic to PHOTOMOD VectOr GeoTIFF TIFF format containing special tags with georeference data This option is not available for local and Cartesian coordinate systems e ERDAS IMAGINE IMG raster format of ERDAS system e NITF NITF e JPEG JPEG e PNG PNG e DGN DGN raster format of MicroStation system allows to save adaptive color palette for output mosaic e PCIDSK PIX raster format with georeference data in its header developed by PCI Geomatics e JPEG2000 JP2 raster format with jpeg compressing and georeference data in its header output image in this format has volume limited up to 500 Mb After path and file name input push the Save button to start mosaic creation At that georeference file is saved along with orthomosaic file in the same folder see the chapter 14 Georeference file When the building is complete a window with output mosaic opens if the option Display output mosaic is ON see the chapter 6 5 Preferences 51 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 pi PHOTOMOD Mosaic Orthoimage F InfoMap Ortho OrthoMos1 tif w Images Project Mosaic ROIs Service Blockscheme Window Help DI l
78. n Control points interpolation on Type of DTM tab 5 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 4 Main program menu After starting PHOTOMOD Mosaic opens a window Fig 1 with a main menu in its upper part pil PHOTOMOD Mosaic project_mosaic_tat Images View Project ROIs Mosaic Service Blockscheme Window Bhai Haps x 4970796 579 Y 6444661 136 2 136 010 GE x 9452 x 9436 x 24 1045568K x 0 0 0 0 Fig 1 PHOTOMOD Mosaic user interface The main PHOTOMOD Mosaic menu consists of the following items 4 1 Images Images menu is used for loading source images to PHOTOMOD Mosaic and includes the following options e Open duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Ctrl O opens a list of the source rasters for selection and loading a single image see the chapter 5 Working with a single image While loading rasters basically for ROI creation and editing you can open unlimited number of windows You can use standard OS Windows tools Shift and Ctrl keys for group selection of source image files in the window with images list And also you may search for image in the list by its name e Next image duplicated by the gt icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Ctrl N loads the next image of the source block to the current window e Previous image duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Ctrl P loads the p
79. n icon bar shows mosaic preview with low resolution see the chapter 7 Mosaic preview Build duplicated by the gt icon of the main icon bar starts orthomosaicking process see the chapter 12 Building orthomosaic Open duplicated by the CZ icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Ctrl Alt O loads previously created orthomosaic for viewing see the chapter 12 5 Loading orthomosaic Import vectors allows to import linear and point objects from DXF Shape and ASCII formats and visualize them over resulting mosaic Also you can import points as a set of coordinates X Y Z by selecting the appropriate option Import vectors option is available if mosaic window is opened Create marginalia see the chapter 12 7 Creating marginalia for orthophotomap 4 6 Service Service menu consists of the following items Colors duplicated by the D icon of the main icon bar Used to set colors for displaying such objects as cutlines DEM borders selected ROI and other objects Preferences duplicated by the SA icon of the main icon bar Opens system preferences dialog see the chapter 6 5 System preferences ECG Show regulation panel duplicated by the 7 icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Cirl T shows hides a panel with sliders for brightness contrast gamma corrections located in lower part of window Print allows to print any active module window with pre setting of printing options 2009 10 PHOT
80. naming direction Ce Bottom to top C Top to bottom fi VA Sheet number step Use skipped sheets eeng Fig 23 Mosaic sheets renaming Input new sheet name in the Base sheets name field and its starting number in First sheet number field In the First sheet panel select the position of a sheet which number is start of numeration for the whole sheets block For that indicate a number of row starting from the bottom of mosaic scheme and column from leftmost one on scheme in appropriate fields You may indicate the direction of renaming bottom to top or top to bottom on scheme and also input a step value for sheets numeration increasing in Sheet number step field For renaming of sheets that are skipped during mosaic creation mark Use skipped sheets check box they have no numeration by default You can select all sheets in the list using the icon E Select all and invert previous AC selection by the icon Ea Invert selection 41 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 To search a sheet by its name or name fragment in the File name column of sheets list input symbols into search field and push the button E Find sheet or press Enter Click the icon Rs Save to save sheets borders to file in TXT format after that input file name and path in the window opened Mosaic sheets parameters created in this window could be exported to TXT DXF or CSV format
81. nd editing regions of interest Besides you can use pre regions created in PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop as regions of interest Pre regions are used to bound portions of TINs created for each source stereopair 2009 12 PHOTOMOD 4 4 in order to merge them to global DEM for the entire block of images see PHOTOMOD Montage Desktop User Manual To import pre regions use the command ROls Load pre regions Afterwards you can edit ROIs created from pre regions in standard way see the chapter 5 2 3 Creating and editing ROIs 5 2 2 Cutlines creating rules 20 Cutlines are boundaries of Regions of interest areas on the source images used to be rectified and merged to the output mosaic It is recommended to draw cutlines manually to improve orthoimage quality considering the following rules 1 Draw ROls as close as possible to the image principal point to increase geometrical accuracy of images matching 2 Cutlines should not intersect the objects which are considerably towering over the relief bridges tall buildings power lines piers etc Otherwise the objects could furcate or partially disappear from the mosaic 3 Cutlines should not go along the extended objects with brightness different from the main background forest area boundary road etc Otherwise the edge smearing effect occurs on the object boundary if the option Seams feathering is ON It is recommended either to intersect such objects on the ri
82. nes of neighbor images e Import ROIs ROIs import into DXF Shape or MIF MID file format See the chapter 5 2 4 Regions of interest import and export e Export ROIs ROls export into DXF Shape or MIF MID file format See the chapter 5 2 4 Regions of interest import and export e Export cutlines cutlines export into DXF Shape or MIF MID file format See the chapter 5 2 4 Regions of interest import and export icon of the main icon bar 4 5 Mosaic This menu is used to start parameters selection and orthomosaicking process It consists of the following options e Parameters duplicated by the kel icon of the main icon bar opens a parameters selection dialog see the chapter 6 Parameters and preferences 9 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Coordinates duplicated by the E icon of the main icon bar opens a window of displaying and editing of the orthomosaic corners coordinates and also its width and length T Images order duplicated by the 15 icon of the main icon bar opens a dialog of images order in the output mosaic upper lower Used to process images overlapping areas see the chapter 6 3 3 Additional recommendations Accuracy control duplicated by the D icon of the main icon bar estimates the orthorectification accuracy see the chapter 11 Orthorectification accuracy control Preview duplicated by the g icon of the mai
83. ock tif jo x File Parameters Window Help 15 g x x 1465 00 1292 00 k left 1430 top 1256 right 1500 bottom 1329 Paste amp Write Ok Fig 33 Image processing result in Dust Correct application window For selecting the fragment by green frame use Shift mouse combination to cancel selection click Esc You may open and edit the fragment selected either in PHOTOMOD built in editor or in external software To open selected image in built in editor open the Parameters panel using menu command Parameters Parameters and check out the option Use internal editor Fig 34 2009 54 PHOTOMOD 4 4 x hd Use internal editor h Maximize editor window 0K Fig 34 Then copy the fragment to the clipboard using standard OS Windows command Ctrl C or ES pushing the icon Bl Copy to clipboard of Dust Correct main menu After that the Editor window containing the fragment selected opens ES vanae Je Ble oc 4 253 25 Y 167 25 o ll Fig 35 Editor window In the Editor window place the mouse cursor in the source point by Shift mouse click the exact place where the image texture fits closely the needed one At that you can set the 16 aperture value in the upper numeric field the diameter of the circle around the source point which is the source of the patch texture Afterwards clean the artifact using mouse moves Use the following buttons to perform undo redo o
84. olor window Background color xX Apply 0 To current image f To all images In order to make the specified background color transparent you should use menu command Images Background color Transparent background when building mosaic e Exit duplicated by the fil icon of the main icon bar or hot keys Ctrl X exits PHOTOMOD Mosaic Note In case the PHOTOMOD project has been restored with an incomplete set of rasters before start of work you should execute the Images Remove non existing command T RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 4 2 View This menu is intended for setting the image view in active window or in all windows At that there are the following options Hide all hides all objects ROIs shows hides regions of interest ROPs all or user defined duplicated by button bar icon E or Alt Z hot keys Cutlines shows hides cutlines on the image Cutlines are borders of ROI s which are used to build resulting mosaic see the chapter 5 2 2 Cutlines creating rules Breaklines shows hides breaklines involved to the orthorectification process if the option Mosaic Parameters Type of DTM Use breaklines is ON or available in current PHOTOMOD project At that you can select breaklines resources in the window appeared after pushing the PRUT Ole button located on the same panel Triangulation points shows hides trian
85. ommon one that is useful when ROIl s are created by several operators see the chapter 7 Import of PHOTOMOD Mosaic project Main panel icon ER opens standard OS Windows window for selecting mosaic project created in previous PHOTOMOD system versions for importing into current version Add images duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar selecting source images for including to the mosaic project By default when starting PHOTOMOD Mosaic all images of the source block are loaded but in some cases you may want to orthorectify only a portion of the block so you can add and remove images Use standard OS Windows tools Shift and Ctrl keys in this window for group selection of images to be added Search of the image in the list by its name is also available 2009 8 PHOTOMOD 4 4 e Add from other project duplicated by the B icon of the main icon bar selecting source images from other project for including to the current mosaic project see the chapter 5 2 3 Using images form other projects e Remove images duplicated by the B icon of the main icon bar opens the window with images list of the current project for removing selected images Use standard OS Windows tools Shift and Ctrl keys in this window for group selection of images to be deleted Search of the image in the list by its name is also available Restart the Mosaic module to let the changes take effect to hide removed image from the block scheme
86. orizontal shift of the corresponding lines The shift is given in the units of the PHOTOMOD project usually in meters 63 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 Marginalia parameters 1 2000 X Mames Frame parameters oan parameters Coordinate grid step Son d External frame offset Gen E External Frame width ko K Internalfexternal frame layer bs Coordinates grid layer Se I Coordinates grid labels layer e d Text layer be Frames File suffix Frames IT Sneighbour sheets only Cancel Frame parameters tab e Coordinate grid step specifies the distance between the lines of grid on marginalia e External frame offset specifies the indentation of external thickened frame from the frame along the outer edges of the corresponding image e External frame width specifies thickness of external thickened frame e Internal external frame layer Coordinates grid layer Coordinates grid labels layer and Text layer specify the layer numbers in DGN file on which the relevant information is placed e Frames file suffix specifies a text line attached to the base sheet name to get the combined file name with all created sheets frames e 8 neighbour sheets only option constrains the sheet scheme situated in the left bottom corner by 9 sheets Current sheet is placed in the center with not more than 8 neighbour sheets around it Marginalia parameters 1 2000 l K
87. osaic into map sheets you can exclude sheets by frame using mouse along with Ctrl Shift pressed e To include custom sheets by frame use mouse along with pressed Ctrl key Sheets renaming is available from contextual menu opened by right click on preview image of sheet on preview image Fig 24 Select command Change sheet name to rename only selected sheet Rename created sheets command is intended for renaming of all names of mosaic sheets using opened window described in the chapter 9 1 Splitting parameters Note Block must contain at least one sheet When the number of sheets is one its status is always To be created and it cannot be excluded from processing You can create frames and marginalia for mosaic sheets in styles and symbols used in Russian State Land Use Survey in 1 2 000 1 5 000 1 10 000 and 1 25 000 map scales for MicroStation and Maplnfo systems see the chapter 12 6 Creating marginalia Tor orthophotomap 9 3 Sheet file names Push the File names button in the Orthomosaic window opened by the command Mosaic Parameters Split into sheets tab to open Sheets file window x Sheets file type Tag Image File Format TIFF Fath to sheets file C Program Files PHOTOMOD 360 Eng Gel eeng Fig 25 43 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 In this window you can edit the file type its format and the path to sheet files where th
88. ot keys Alt Z At that the images order in the overlapping areas on resulting orthomosaic upper lower t corresponds with the sequence preset in Images order table opens by the icon HE of the main panel ROIs of images located above the current image are hatched see the chapter 6 3 3 Additional recommendations 13 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 If the hatched ROIs from the adjacent images are shown on the current image you should draw the cutlines precisely considering terrain features local brightness buildings etc on the areas without hatching But you can continue the cutline under the hatched areas schematically keeping only the overlapping with the adjacent ROI During transformation of overlapping ROls into cutlines the algorithm of holes finding between cutlines is working If such hole is found you get the warning and this area is shown by red hatching on preview image if the option Fill holes between cutlines is ON Service Preferences menu command General tab You should also take into account that the global orthomosaic area is defined by the DEM created from TINs in PHOTOMOD DTM see the appropriate User Manual and used for the oe orthorectification Push the icon to display DEM border Push the button W ROIs editor or click menu command ROIs ROIs editor to open a panel with the following simple vector editing tools u
89. oundary between the SPOT and Formosat images about one third of the sheet from its left side Fig 17 Fig 17 The local brightness adjustment is Fig 18 The local brightness adjustment is not active active To find the cutlines along which the local brightness adjustment has not activated it is necessary to turn on the display of adjustment areas on the mosaic preview local brightness adjustment must be activated in the parameters of the mosaic creation menu command View Local brightness adjustment After this the preview takes the following view 2009 30 PHOTOMOD 4 4 The problem area is outlined by the red ellipse the resulting mosaic fragment is shown in Fig 17 PEED tk lisa Geet ery E icant CELT bLekpg e RBA RSS BOP A we ADAR Seece DES 3 Senseo a pel See mme Di i BEER W I sengen 001 LL ISEENR em es A ES MAL Bo R Fig 19 Mosaic preview The local brightness adjustment is not active If the local brightness adjustment is not active a warning message is displayed Found skipped fragments be fee AB aB lt gt Zb db lt gt Z268 268 lt gt 270 p Kai EBA gee OT 266 lt gt 199 e eee P99 be lt gt 201 IO ee 201 Try to change AUls or local adjustment parameters Alumber of fragments Trim of percent The problem area is outlined by the red ellipse in the resulting mosaic fragment shown in Fig 18 31 RACURS Co
90. perations ei SS or Ctrl Z shortcut cancel to cancel the last action in the Editor window undo all to cancel all actions in the Editor window or Shift Ctrl Z shortcut redo to redo cancelled action 55 RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia 12 4 Mosaic July 25 2009 When obtained satisfying result push the icon wl that closes the Editor window and allows to return to the Dust Correct window and paste edited fragment To cancel editing results and exit without image change just close the Editor window Also for convenience in cleaning raster images from artifacts in joints it s possible to upload Lar multiple images in one window by pressing la button or key combination Shift Ctrl O For actions order image corrections please see chapter 12 3 Orthomosaic editing in Dust Correct application If you prefer to edit the image in the external graphic software copy the image or its fragment there by standard OS Windows operations copy paste Ctrl C Ctrl V or use the icons Copy to clipboard and im Paste from clipboard At that the option Use internal editor in Parameters panel opened by menu command Parameters Parameters see Fig 29 should be cleared The icon a Disable changes or Ctrl L shortcut is used for fixation of the fragment frame size intended for external editing to fit its former place after editing Use the icon ES or hot keys Ctrl F4 to close
91. r cutlines opening in it 2009 16 PHOTOMOD 4 4 5 3 Single image window 88 PHOTOMOD Mosaic GREG Shinmanchi Ooka corrected gt Image 6181 8 x d Images wiew Project Mosaic ROIs Service Blockscheme Window Help o x ij eaaa slala slels aell sal lel fa me Iesel olli Dee x alae x exl oleae QQ fs Be J J TA j Lie 172 sheets x 500 x 375 x 24 94482K X 5481 0 4808 0 X 63806 423 Y 41178 872 Fig 5 Single image window At the lower part of the window there are standard icons for displaying raster image e one step zooming out duplicated by key e one step zooming out duplicated by key for all images opened e 1 1 1 mode image cell corresponds to the screen pixel duplicated by Alt 1 keys uy e one step zooming in duplicated by key ka ES e one step zooming in duplicated by key for all images opened e OI fitting the whole image into the window duplicated by Alt Enter keys Current image zoom is shown in title bar in brackets after image name and in the lower part of the window as i CH You can also use the following hot keys to zoom arbitrary image fragment or to move it e Ctrl Alt mouse zooming in by zoom box drawn by mouse e Ctrl Alt Shift mouse zooming out by zoom box e Alt mouse panning the image e Mouse wheel mouse wheel steering allows to zoom in zoom out image on the screen
92. r of inner points sets the number of points inside the image and on the edges of orthomosaic where the brightness should be preserved Lack of inner points leads to brightness anomalies when moving away from the cutlines Excess number of inner points causes the brightness un adjustment along the cutlines Contrast coefficient in some cases when the contrast of initial images was defined incorrectly it causes poor brightness adjustment or errors in creating of local brightness adjustment model You can increase the value of this parameter up to 7 to improve the result Brightness addition in inner points allows to setup brightness separately by R G B channels in inner points either along the strip and or between the strips It is recommended to use this parameter in case of considerable brightness change from image center to its sides which is impossible to remove by another way At that the Inner points parameter should be not more than 1 2 Local adjustment parameters X Base Edges Brightness addition Top zide o o ts Lett side Right side o o ts o o ts Bottom side o o ts Trim off percent 2 0 ts Density coefficient Fig 14 Brightness parameters on mosaic edges Edges tab contains the following parameters Brightness addition allows to setup smooth brightness change on 4 sides of orthomosaic Color imbalance on orthoimage sides is unnoticeable that is why the brightness is
93. references The errors are differences between source TIN nodes and corresponding DEM cells in Z coordinate After DEM creation appears a window which displays Maximum error Average error and RMS Decreasing a value of Interpolation cell size parameter see the chapter 6 1 Type of DIM reduces the errors since in this case the DEM describes a source TIN more precisely To perform an additional accuracy control of the orthomosaic load external control points from a text file consisted of strings with X and Y coordinate values delimited by comma or 2009 A8 11 2 PHOTOMOD 4 4 space which is available only when the orthomosaic window is open To import control points select menu command ROls Import and file format DXF ASCII or TXT While evaluating orthomosaic accuracy by external control points it is convenient to use measurement tool described in the chapter 12 4 Measurements over orthomosaic On cutlines You can create report about accuracy of orthophotomosaic creation not only by triangulation points but on cutlines either The operation of accuracy control creates small fragments of orthophotos of adjacent images along cutlines Then the program compares them and calculates mutual discrepancies then shows them in the report Fig 30 Parameters of the process are setup in the window opened by menu command ROls Cutlines accuracy report as follows Parameters Fragment size pis x Search area s
94. revious image of the source block to the current window e Current next duplicated by the 3 icon of the main icon bar opens 2 windows with the current and next images 2009 6 PHOTOMOD 4 4 e Previous current duplicated by the icon of the main icon bar opens 2 windows with the previous and current images e Remove non existing search and removal of non existing rasters e Background color option allows you to set the background color of the original images containing non informative data like the background with a constant value of brightness and color To manually set the background color for these images you should select Images background color Set color which opens the Background color window Background color x Apply i To current image Ge To all images Black ge In case a window with one of the source images is open it is possible to set the color for that image only Also it is possible to set the background color for all images in the mosaic project In case the background is concentrated at the edges of images for example due to rotated raster it possible to automatically define it for each of the images In order to do it you should check the Images Background color Automatically option If it is necessary to cancel selection of background for one or all images it is necessary to check the Images Background color None option which opens the Background c
95. rs separately by channels 2009 52 PHOTOMOD 4 4 using the buttons EE Right click any slider and select the option Set original BCG correction to restore BCG settings by default Note These settings are temporary and do not affect the mosaic file Show the regions of interest on the output orthomosaic by pushing the icon Ei or Alt Z hot keys that allows also using export import operations for ROPs Show triangulation points on screen by pushing the icon EI If you start precision control operation see the chapter 11 Orthorectification accuracy control you can select a point in the list and it will be also selected on the image Note Current coordinates of marker on the preview image in project coordinate system are shown in the rightmost field of Status panel You can copy them to clipboard by Ctrl C and paste afterward into chosen application by Ctrl V 12 2 Building orthomosaic for the block fragment 12 3 You can select a rectangular area in the Preview window see the chapter 8 Mosaic preview to create mosaic only for corresponding portion of the source block of images Use Shift left mouse button to draw a rectangle on the image You can resize the polygon by dragging special marks on its sides or move it by the mouse To input coordinates of the fragment corners from the keyboard use the Coordinates window opened by menu command d Mosaic Coordinates or by the icon Dal Once the fragment is specifi
96. s in adjacent portions of the block scheme Use right window for current image sets an order of images in block scheme when previous image in the strip is located to the left from the next image Display output mosaic opens window with resulting orthomosaic after its building Open all sheets if this option is OFF and you are building the mosaic splitted into sheets the only one of sheets is opened and other ones you can view using the icons of upper button bar GC If the option is ON you will get all sheets opened in separate windows Show images names turns off on images names in images windows and also in preview and resulting mosaic Synchronous marker movement while working with block scheme window the marker will move synchronously on adjacent images which overlap with the current one The option is ON by default and is saved not with project but with the mosaic Use X key to turn on the option in image window Autocentering by synchronous marker movement if synchronous marker movement is ON see previous option the adjacent image is moved when marker moves on the first image to center the window into marker position The Additional tab of Preferences window is used to setup the parameter Cell size decimal places which allows to input decimal places amount used for mosaic pixel size calculating x General Additional Windows Mouse IT Save color adjustment parameters hd Create backup Cell size
97. sed for creating polygons ROI editor zl Ggs zlsizlsl Siss e GI duplicated by Insert key adds ROI starting ROI creation D removes ROI e Fei duplicated by S key or double mouse click selects ROI z e unselects ROI e EN duplicated by Insert key adds new vertex to ROI In case of selected ROI inserts a vertex between two closest ones In case of creating ROI add a new vertex e ES duplicated by Delete key deletes selected vertex e S duplicated by single mouse click selects vertex e Ed unselects vertex e To move a vertex select it and move by mouse button along with pressed Ctrl key The last group of icons is used to assign to the ROI the following properties e C orthorectification area The default mode the ROI is included to the mosaic e EI transparent area Portions from other images that are visible through the current one in accordance with the images order defined in the window opened by the Images t order icon KI SI background area A hole in the output mosaic is colored by background color specified in the Mosaic Parameters Orthoimage window e E area where detailed DEM is used for mosaic creation see the chapter 10 DEM with variable resolution It is convenient to use mouse settings when working with ROI see the chapter 6 5 Preferences For example it is easier to click right or middle mouse button instead of Insert key on the keyboard
98. single image window 5 2 Creating Regions of Interest 5 2 1 Regions of Interest by default Orthomosaic is build by rectification of initial images Image area which is included to orthomosaic is called region of interest ROI and its boundary cutline Each source image has a rectangular region of interest ROI by default This area excludes 10 of the image from each side just to make sure to avoid areas with fiducial marks from the output mosaic Use the option Trim off images edges on General tab of Preferences window to setup the area to be cut off see the chapter 6 5 Preferences You can change the size of this rectangular ROI using menu command ROls Trim off images edges or by pushing the icon Trim off images edges or by drag and drop the green cutline on the image If you are not going to create more complex cutlines for example based on the rules of the classic photogrammetry you can just start building mosaic or preview image using these default ROIs The images order in the output mosaic which image is lower or upper in T the overlapping area is defined by the order selected in the window opened by the 15 icon Images order see the chapter 6 3 3 Additional recommendations The source rectangles may be converted to 4 corner polygons using menu command ROIs Polygon lt rectangle see the chapter 5 3 Single image window After that ROI becomes available for editing as described in the chapter 5 2 3 Creating a
99. sting sheets if output files already exist in the target folder and this option is checked those files are overwritten Note In case of network processing it is necessary to make sure that output folder is accessible for reading and writing from all the computers involved After the OK button is pressed if the Create Mosaic projects but do not create tasks for distributed processing has not been checked the set of tasks is created and the State monitoring window is opened automatically see PHOTOMOD Overview User Manual 2009 72 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Further control of the distributed mosaic creation process is performed using the PHOTOMOD System Monitor as described in the mentioned Manual 13 Export of orthomosaic to PHOTOMOD VectOr PHOTOMOD VectOr is a GIS and Desktop Cartography module of PHOTOMOD system used basically for creating and printing out digital maps see VectOr User Manual PHOTOMOD Mosaic supplies export of orthomosaic and corresponding DEM to PHOTOMOD VectOr To export orthomosaic to VectOr format select menu command Mosaic Build and specify output file type as VectOr RSW Export to ectOr l x SIT file name EATAT wectorggg TEST sit IT Export DEM to SIT Continue Cancel Fig 36 Map file selection dialog In the window opened input the name and path of output mosaic in SIT file name field If you need also to export DEM used for orthomosaic creation mark the option Export
100. t parameters 2009 24 PHOTOMOD 4 4 This panel allows you to setup global brightness adjustment of resulting mosaic see the chapter 6 3 1 Global brightness adjustment and also local adjustment parameters see the chapter 6 3 2 Local brightness adjustment Moreover here you can turn on off the Seams feathering option which causes smoothing in the narrow zone around the seam between adjacent images The size of smoothing zone is defined by the Interpolation cell size parameter see the chapter 6 1 1 DIM from TIN Brightness pre correction option is used to include exclude brightness gamma contrast adjustments done on initial images windows during resulting mosaic creation Global brightness adjustment The global brightness adjustment Global adjustment panel applies selected type of transformation to all pixels of every source image Following radio buttons are used to select a brightness adjustment type e None allows to use un adjusted images e By average brightness brightness and contrast are adjusted basing on average values calculated over all mosaic images This method is recommended when there are big differences between brightness of images but each of them contains relatively smooth scenes Thus in cases of scenes with sharp different brightness within one image for example the sea and the coast this method may produce incorrect results e By selected image mosaic brightness and contrast are adjust
101. t the algorithm to work ideally you should draw the cut lines as described below The local adjustment works in such a way that images of each strip are adjusted first and on the second step the strips are inter adjusted So the best situation is when ROls borders inside every strip are continuous as it is showed on the picture overlapping areas continuous cutline inside the strip 2009 28 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Then the strips are adjusted with some overlapping area overlapping areas Fig 15 You should pay attention on the order of images insight the strip because ROIs taken from upper image are included to the resulting mosaic and their brightness is considered during brightness adjustment of the orthoimage For brightness adjustment of resulting mosaic it is enough to change images order by using el menu command Mosaic Images order or the window icon which opens Images order Images order ia Bali BS SSC Se Aad g Irch ap for SE Image A10_ der Infoh ap for experiments gt Image R10 SOB InfoMap for expernments gt Image RID SO Fig 16 Images order change The color in this table highlights the images of the same strip You can move images in the y list using icons CH Upper P Lower gt To top To bottom selecting those which will be included in resulting mosaic in overlapping area It is convenient to use the following operations for work with images list
102. ter import 2009 36 PHOTOMOD 4 4 Import project settings allows to import all settings of imported project like DEM brightness adjustment settings etc Note if you need to preserve the order of ROI s of imported project you should create the project or save it at least once in PHOTOMOD Mosaic version containing this kind of projects import 8 Mosaic preview Once all necessary parameters are set select menu command Mosaic Preview or push the icon ON to see a mosaic preview In this case orthomosaic is built in fast mode with low accuracy It is convenient to use a preview mode for example to estimate the results of mosaic color adjustment 5 PHOTOMOD Mosaic GREG Mosaic preview B E a x Ki Images View Project Mosaic ROIs Service Bock scheme Window Help l x ij eanl slalel gle sirJelelalrlel alma Ir aN E Aae Selected image 6239 172 sheets x 500 x 375 x 24 94482K X 740 0 687 0 58360 000 43362 084 Fig 19 Orthomosaic preview window At the lower left part of Preview window there are standard icons for displaying raster image e one step zooming out duplicated by key e E one step zooming out duplicated by key for all images opened o Eh 1 1 mode image cell corresponds to the screen pixel duplicated by Alt 1 keys wy e S J one step zooming in duplicated by key ky e one step zooming in duplicated by
103. ts of the orthomosaic enter new coordinate values of output orthoimage corners in West South text fields Sizes of map sheets are defined in Width and Height text fields in meters on the terrain As a result number of sheets by X and Y axes are displayed in Number of sheets Horizontally and Number of sheets Vertically text fields You can also set overlapping areas of adjacent sheets in meters Overlap m Horizontally and Overlap m Vertically If the Trim off null edges option is on the size of uppermost and rightmost sheets are changed to cut them off by the mosaic border In this case number of sheets is calculated automatically and can not be edited If this option is off all sheets are of the same size defined by Width and Height parameters and the North and East coordinates are calculated automatically and can not be edited In Sheets base name field you should input root name of mosaic sheets Sheet by default At that full file name of the sheet is formed as follows lt Base name 5 characters gt _ lt literal number of the sheet along the South North direction A B Z gt _ lt numerical number of the sheet along the West East direction 1 2 3 gt lt file extension according to the selected file type gt See also the chapter 9 3 Sheet file names Push the button Sheet list to open a window with full information corresponding to current state of the block sheets total number of sheets number of select
104. umber of cells in output orthoimage set by user at the main dialog This number corresponds to Interpolation cell size 1 But such a big number of cells is not needed in almost all cases You can estimate your DEM cell size by the smallest triangle of source TIN in PHOTOMOD DTM module DEM cell should not be many times smaller than the smallest TIN triangle The default Interpolation cell size value is 32 It means that cell size of calculated DEM is 32x32 as big as a size of orthomosaic cell Greater value causes faster processing but less accuracy See also the chapter 10 DEM with variable resolution The parameter Use constant for unknowns allows you to use a value specified in the Constant elevation field for the holes cells with unknown elevation value in the DEM 2009 20 PHOTOMOD 4 4 6 1 2 Orthorectification at the constant elevation 6 1 3 In this the same elevation value case is assigned to the whole model area The surface is approximated by plane The elevation value is setup in the Constant elevation text field The default is an average elevation value for the area covered by the source block of images calculated from ties and control points used in the block adjustment Control points interpolation In this case the relief is approximated by a polynomial surface computed by 3D points used in the Block adjustment procedure in the PHOTOMOD Solver program These points are control check and tie points s
105. urce input sequence in PHOTOMOD AT module images and strips The number of images to be displayed is defined in Service Preferences Windows panel see the chapter 6 5 Preferences The block scheme is used for adding regions of interest see the chapter 5 2 Creating regions of interest since it is convenient to see the ROI not only on the current but also on adjacent images Up Ctrl Alt Up hot keys down Ctrl Alt Down hot keys left Ctrl Alt Left hot keys right Ctrl Alt Right hot keys loads corresponding adjacent scheme portions The overlap of the current and loading portions of the block scheme is set in the Service Preferences Windows dialog see the chapter 6 5 Preferences RACURS Co Ul Yaroslavskaya 13 A office 15 129366 Moscow Russia Mosaic July 25 2009 4 8 Window Window is a standard menu item used to locate windows on the screen and includes the following options e Cascade Tile vertically Tile horizontally Minimize all Close closes active window with current image Close all closes all windows 4 9 Help Includes the following items e Contents or F1 key runs Help system for PHOTOMOD Mosaic module e About program opens a window with information related to version number serial number date of version compiling etc 5 Working with a single image 5 1 Loading images Images menu items described in the chapter 4 1 Images are used for loading image to
106. white 8 bit number 24 shows that the mosaic is color 24 bit Mosaic volume in kilobytes Fig 5 shows the mosaic of approximately 94 Mb volume XY coordinates of current cursor position on active image in pixel coordinates XYZ coordinates of current cursor position on active image in user terrain coordinates you may copy these coordinates to the clipboard by Ctrl C and paste them into selected application by Ctrl V 5 4 Using images from other projects The images from the other PHOTOMOD projects can be used for output mosaic creation Use the command Project Add from other project to load them In the panel opened select the project name images numbers and push OK On the figure below you can see an example of mosaic creation using images obtained by different sensors ASTER and IKONOS on the same territory and of different spatial resolution and processed in different PHOTOMOD system projects 2009 18 PHOTOMOD 4 4 218 x pi PHOTOMOD Mosaic Orthoimage D ikonosAG tif d Images Project Mosaic ROIs Service Bock scheme Window Help 18 x Dl al lplglel zaal slg allasa Al mma Te gielen aae Output raster 2915 x 3116 x 24 26611K SEN Y 1782 0 k 6177265 539 7409189 488 Fig 6 Orthomosaic created from the images taken from different projects Note The projects must be referenced to the same coordinate system 6 Parameters and preferences Use the icon kel or Mosaic

PHOTOMOD Mosaic USER MANUAL

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents